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341,500 | 16,801,848 | 1,647 | Methods and systems for creating a memory recall composite for a face and name association image are described. A first image comprising at least a portion of a subject's face may be received. The first image may be analyzed to determine a set of facial features. A set of objects may be determined and displayed using a set of visual and auditory correspondence rules. An association between a graphical representation of the object and a facial feature may be received. A second image or a memory recall composite may be generated that displays at least a portion of the first image using the graphical representation of the object based in part on the association between the graphical representation of the object and the facial feature associated with the subject's face. | 1. A method, comprising:
receiving a first image comprising at least a portion of a subject's face; determining a set of facial features associated with the subject's face in response to analyzing the first image using a set of visual prominence rules; determining an object in response to analyzing name data associated with the subject using a set of correspondence rules; receiving an association between a graphical representation of the object and a facial feature in the set of facial features associated with the subject's face; and generating a memory recall composite comprising a portion of the first image and the graphical representation of the object based in part on the association between the graphical representation of the object and the facial feature associated with the subject's face. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining the object using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether the object satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprises ordering each object in the set of objects into a prioritized list of objects using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprises filtering the set of objects into a filtered list of objects using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a memory triggering relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining the graphical representation for the object based in part on one or more visual characteristics of the subject's face. 6. The method of claim 1 further comprising transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object in response to a blend between the facial feature and the graphical representation of the object. 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object in response to conforming a shape of the facial feature to the graphical representation of the object. 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object in response to conforming a shape of the graphical representation of the object to the facial feature. 9. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating an animation using a second image transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object. 10. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving an identifier associated with the object;
determining a plurality of memory recall composites, each memory recall composite in the plurality of memory recall composites including a facial feature having an association with a graphical representation of the object; and
presenting the plurality of images via a user interface. 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving a name;
determining a plurality of memory recall composites, each memory recall composite in the plurality of memory recall composites including a graphical representation of the object determined in response to analyzing the name using the set of correspondence rules; and
presenting the plurality of images via a user interface. 12. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
performing a learning phase, comprising:
presenting a second image transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object; and
visually emphasizing the graphical representation of the object or the name data;
performing a testing phase, comprising:
presenting, absent the name data, the second image transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object;
visually emphasizing the graphical representation of the object;
presenting a plurality of names including a name associated with the name data of the subject;
receiving a selection of at least one of the plurality of names; and
presenting a visual indicator identifying whether the selection corresponds to the name data; and
repeating the learning phase and the testing phase to improve name-face processing of a participant. 13. A computer-implemented method of enhancing recognition of a subject by name or other personal information, comprising:
determining a set of visually distinctive facial features associated with a subject's face using a set of visual prominence rules and a digital photo of the subject's face to process facial features using the set of visual prominence rules; determining an object using a set of correspondence rules, by accessing name or other personal data associated with the subject that is accessed using contact information for a name that satisfies the set of correspondence rules; displaying an association interface comprising a visual presentation of the digital photo of the subject's face, the name data associated with the subject, and a graphical representation of the object; receiving, via the association interface, a correspondence made between a graphical representation of the object and a facial feature in the set of facial features associated with the subject's face; and generating, based in part on the correspondence between the graphical representation of the object and the facial feature associated with the subject's face, a memory recall composite comprising a modification of a portion of the digital photo of the subject's face having the facial feature with the graphical representation of the object. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 further comprising determining the object using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether the object satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprising ordering each object in the set of objects into a prioritized list of objects within the association interface using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprising filtering the set of objects into a filtered list of objects within the association interface using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 further comprising determining the graphical representation for the object based in part on one or more visual characteristics of the subject. 18. A mobile device, comprising:
a touchscreen display device; a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor and storing instructions which when executed by the processor cause the processor to:
receive, at an application executing on the mobile devices, name data associated with a subject;
receive, at the application, a first image associated with a subject;
determine a set of visually distinctive facial features associated with the subject's face in a portion of the first image in response to analyzing, using a set of visual prominence rules, the first image for facial features that satisfy the set of visual prominence rules;
determine an object in response to analyzing, using a set of visual and auditory correspondence rules, the name data for a name that satisfies the set of visual and auditory correspondence rules;
display, using the touchscreen display device, a user interface comprising the first image, the name, a graphical representation of each object in a set of objects;
receive, via the user interface, a touchscreen gesture dragging a graphical representation of an object in the set of objects onto a location of the first image having a facial feature in the set of facial features associated with the subject's face;
generate a memory recall composite comprising a modification of the first image at the location having the facial feature with the graphical representation of the object; and
display, using the touchscreen display device, the memory recall composite in conjunction with the name data. 19. The mobile device of claim 18 wherein the instructions which when executed by the processor further cause the processor to:
determine the object using the set of facial features based in part on whether the object satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features; and
order the set of objects into a prioritized list of objects using a visual prominence weight associated with one or more facial features in the set of facial features. 20. The mobile device of claim 18 wherein the instructions which when executed by the processor further cause the processor to:
perform a learning phase, comprising:
present the memory recall composite transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object; and
visually emphasize the graphical representation of the object or the name data;
performing a testing phase, comprising:
present, absent the name data, the memory recall composite transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object;
visually emphasize the graphical representation of the object;
presenting a plurality of names including a name associated with the name data of the subject;
receive a selection of at least one of the plurality of names; and
present a visual indicator identifying whether the selection corresponds to the name data; and
repeat the learning phase and the testing phase to improve name-face processing of a participant. | Methods and systems for creating a memory recall composite for a face and name association image are described. A first image comprising at least a portion of a subject's face may be received. The first image may be analyzed to determine a set of facial features. A set of objects may be determined and displayed using a set of visual and auditory correspondence rules. An association between a graphical representation of the object and a facial feature may be received. A second image or a memory recall composite may be generated that displays at least a portion of the first image using the graphical representation of the object based in part on the association between the graphical representation of the object and the facial feature associated with the subject's face.1. A method, comprising:
receiving a first image comprising at least a portion of a subject's face; determining a set of facial features associated with the subject's face in response to analyzing the first image using a set of visual prominence rules; determining an object in response to analyzing name data associated with the subject using a set of correspondence rules; receiving an association between a graphical representation of the object and a facial feature in the set of facial features associated with the subject's face; and generating a memory recall composite comprising a portion of the first image and the graphical representation of the object based in part on the association between the graphical representation of the object and the facial feature associated with the subject's face. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining the object using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether the object satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprises ordering each object in the set of objects into a prioritized list of objects using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprises filtering the set of objects into a filtered list of objects using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a memory triggering relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 5. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining the graphical representation for the object based in part on one or more visual characteristics of the subject's face. 6. The method of claim 1 further comprising transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object in response to a blend between the facial feature and the graphical representation of the object. 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object in response to conforming a shape of the facial feature to the graphical representation of the object. 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object in response to conforming a shape of the graphical representation of the object to the facial feature. 9. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating an animation using a second image transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object. 10. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving an identifier associated with the object;
determining a plurality of memory recall composites, each memory recall composite in the plurality of memory recall composites including a facial feature having an association with a graphical representation of the object; and
presenting the plurality of images via a user interface. 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
receiving a name;
determining a plurality of memory recall composites, each memory recall composite in the plurality of memory recall composites including a graphical representation of the object determined in response to analyzing the name using the set of correspondence rules; and
presenting the plurality of images via a user interface. 12. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
performing a learning phase, comprising:
presenting a second image transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object; and
visually emphasizing the graphical representation of the object or the name data;
performing a testing phase, comprising:
presenting, absent the name data, the second image transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object;
visually emphasizing the graphical representation of the object;
presenting a plurality of names including a name associated with the name data of the subject;
receiving a selection of at least one of the plurality of names; and
presenting a visual indicator identifying whether the selection corresponds to the name data; and
repeating the learning phase and the testing phase to improve name-face processing of a participant. 13. A computer-implemented method of enhancing recognition of a subject by name or other personal information, comprising:
determining a set of visually distinctive facial features associated with a subject's face using a set of visual prominence rules and a digital photo of the subject's face to process facial features using the set of visual prominence rules; determining an object using a set of correspondence rules, by accessing name or other personal data associated with the subject that is accessed using contact information for a name that satisfies the set of correspondence rules; displaying an association interface comprising a visual presentation of the digital photo of the subject's face, the name data associated with the subject, and a graphical representation of the object; receiving, via the association interface, a correspondence made between a graphical representation of the object and a facial feature in the set of facial features associated with the subject's face; and generating, based in part on the correspondence between the graphical representation of the object and the facial feature associated with the subject's face, a memory recall composite comprising a modification of a portion of the digital photo of the subject's face having the facial feature with the graphical representation of the object. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 further comprising determining the object using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether the object satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprising ordering each object in the set of objects into a prioritized list of objects within the association interface using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 wherein the object is one of a set of objects and the method further comprising filtering the set of objects into a filtered list of objects within the association interface using the set of facial features associated with the subject's face based in part on whether each object in the set of objects satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 13 further comprising determining the graphical representation for the object based in part on one or more visual characteristics of the subject. 18. A mobile device, comprising:
a touchscreen display device; a processor; and a memory in communication with the processor and storing instructions which when executed by the processor cause the processor to:
receive, at an application executing on the mobile devices, name data associated with a subject;
receive, at the application, a first image associated with a subject;
determine a set of visually distinctive facial features associated with the subject's face in a portion of the first image in response to analyzing, using a set of visual prominence rules, the first image for facial features that satisfy the set of visual prominence rules;
determine an object in response to analyzing, using a set of visual and auditory correspondence rules, the name data for a name that satisfies the set of visual and auditory correspondence rules;
display, using the touchscreen display device, a user interface comprising the first image, the name, a graphical representation of each object in a set of objects;
receive, via the user interface, a touchscreen gesture dragging a graphical representation of an object in the set of objects onto a location of the first image having a facial feature in the set of facial features associated with the subject's face;
generate a memory recall composite comprising a modification of the first image at the location having the facial feature with the graphical representation of the object; and
display, using the touchscreen display device, the memory recall composite in conjunction with the name data. 19. The mobile device of claim 18 wherein the instructions which when executed by the processor further cause the processor to:
determine the object using the set of facial features based in part on whether the object satisfies a relationship with at least one facial feature in the set of facial features; and
order the set of objects into a prioritized list of objects using a visual prominence weight associated with one or more facial features in the set of facial features. 20. The mobile device of claim 18 wherein the instructions which when executed by the processor further cause the processor to:
perform a learning phase, comprising:
present the memory recall composite transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object; and
visually emphasize the graphical representation of the object or the name data;
performing a testing phase, comprising:
present, absent the name data, the memory recall composite transforming the portion of the first image with the graphical representation of the object;
visually emphasize the graphical representation of the object;
presenting a plurality of names including a name associated with the name data of the subject;
receive a selection of at least one of the plurality of names; and
present a visual indicator identifying whether the selection corresponds to the name data; and
repeat the learning phase and the testing phase to improve name-face processing of a participant. | 1,600 |
341,501 | 16,801,845 | 1,647 | Various embodiments concern obtaining communication data and generating activity logs. More specifically, communication data such as contact information and call time associated with communications are obtained. The obtained data is then used to generate a report including the time, duration, and project or client associated with communication. Thus, an activity log is automatically generated using the communication data. | 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
obtaining, by a processor, one or more types of call data of a telephone call associated with a user device; creating, by the processor, a first record including the one or more types of call data; accessing, by the processor, one or more types of project data associated with a project; associating, by the processor, the first record with the project by matching a first of the one or more types of call data of the first record with a first of the one or more types of project data; creating, by the processor, a second record including a second of the one or more types of call data and a second of the one or more types of project data; generating, by the processor, an invoice entry based on the second record, the invoice indicating a third of the one or more types of call data and the project; and transmitting, by the processor, the invoice entry to the user device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first of the one or more types of call data is call time data, the call time data being indicative of the time the call was made. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second of the one or more types of call data is call duration data, the call duration data being indicative of the duration of the call. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call is a call established between a telephone device and a third-party device. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
obtaining user data indicative of a user associated with the telephone device. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein a type of the one or more types of call data is indicative of contact information of the third-party device used to establish the call. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the type of the one or more types of call data is a user name. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the type of the one or more types of call data is a telephone number. 9. The method of claim 4, wherein the third-party device is located at a location remote from the processor. 10. The method of claim 4, wherein the telephone device is located at a location remote from the processor. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first of the one or more types of project data is indicative of the project and the second of the one or more types of project data is indicative of contact information associated with the project. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second records are created using a Software as a Service (SaaS) API. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second records are created using a SALESFORCE API. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call occurs over a Voice over IP (VoIP) connection. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call is a video call. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call is established via an access point, radio tower, or PBX. 17. A computer-implemented method comprising:
obtaining, by a processor, one or more types of communication data associated with a user device; creating, by the processor, a first record including the one or more types of communication data; accessing, by the processor, one or types of project data associated with a project; associating, by the processor, the first record with the project by matching a first of the one or more types of communication data of the first record with a first of the one or more types of project data; creating, by the processor, a second record including a second of the one or more types of communication data and a second of the one or more types of project data; generating, by the processor, an invoice entry based on the second record, the invoice indicating a third of the one or more types of communication data and the project; and transmitting, by the processor, the invoice entry to the user device. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the communication data is obtained by video, Voice over IP (VoIP), Short Message Service (SMS), Instant Message (IM), or any combination thereof. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the first and second records are created using any of SALESFORCE API or Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) API. 20. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a memory that includes instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
obtain one or more types of call data of a telephone call associated with a user device;
create a first record including the one or more types of call data;
access one or more types of project data associated with a project; associate the first record with the project by matching a first of the one or more types of call data of the first record with a first of the one or more types of project data; create a second record including a second of the one or more types of call data and a second of the one or more types of project data; generate an invoice entry based on the second record, the invoice indicating a third of the one or more types of call data and the project; and transmit the invoice entry to the user device. | Various embodiments concern obtaining communication data and generating activity logs. More specifically, communication data such as contact information and call time associated with communications are obtained. The obtained data is then used to generate a report including the time, duration, and project or client associated with communication. Thus, an activity log is automatically generated using the communication data.1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
obtaining, by a processor, one or more types of call data of a telephone call associated with a user device; creating, by the processor, a first record including the one or more types of call data; accessing, by the processor, one or more types of project data associated with a project; associating, by the processor, the first record with the project by matching a first of the one or more types of call data of the first record with a first of the one or more types of project data; creating, by the processor, a second record including a second of the one or more types of call data and a second of the one or more types of project data; generating, by the processor, an invoice entry based on the second record, the invoice indicating a third of the one or more types of call data and the project; and transmitting, by the processor, the invoice entry to the user device. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first of the one or more types of call data is call time data, the call time data being indicative of the time the call was made. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second of the one or more types of call data is call duration data, the call duration data being indicative of the duration of the call. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call is a call established between a telephone device and a third-party device. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
obtaining user data indicative of a user associated with the telephone device. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein a type of the one or more types of call data is indicative of contact information of the third-party device used to establish the call. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the type of the one or more types of call data is a user name. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the type of the one or more types of call data is a telephone number. 9. The method of claim 4, wherein the third-party device is located at a location remote from the processor. 10. The method of claim 4, wherein the telephone device is located at a location remote from the processor. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first of the one or more types of project data is indicative of the project and the second of the one or more types of project data is indicative of contact information associated with the project. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second records are created using a Software as a Service (SaaS) API. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second records are created using a SALESFORCE API. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call occurs over a Voice over IP (VoIP) connection. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call is a video call. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the telephone call is established via an access point, radio tower, or PBX. 17. A computer-implemented method comprising:
obtaining, by a processor, one or more types of communication data associated with a user device; creating, by the processor, a first record including the one or more types of communication data; accessing, by the processor, one or types of project data associated with a project; associating, by the processor, the first record with the project by matching a first of the one or more types of communication data of the first record with a first of the one or more types of project data; creating, by the processor, a second record including a second of the one or more types of communication data and a second of the one or more types of project data; generating, by the processor, an invoice entry based on the second record, the invoice indicating a third of the one or more types of communication data and the project; and transmitting, by the processor, the invoice entry to the user device. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the communication data is obtained by video, Voice over IP (VoIP), Short Message Service (SMS), Instant Message (IM), or any combination thereof. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the first and second records are created using any of SALESFORCE API or Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) API. 20. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a memory that includes instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:
obtain one or more types of call data of a telephone call associated with a user device;
create a first record including the one or more types of call data;
access one or more types of project data associated with a project; associate the first record with the project by matching a first of the one or more types of call data of the first record with a first of the one or more types of project data; create a second record including a second of the one or more types of call data and a second of the one or more types of project data; generate an invoice entry based on the second record, the invoice indicating a third of the one or more types of call data and the project; and transmit the invoice entry to the user device. | 1,600 |
341,502 | 16,801,843 | 1,647 | Systems-and methods for automated control of human inhabited characters. In an example, control of human inhabited character may be achieved via a plurality of input devices, including, but not limited to, a microphone, a camera, or a hand-held controller, that can modify and trigger changes in the appearance and/or the behavioral response of a character during the live interactions with humans. In an example, a computing device may include a neural network that receives the input from the microphone and/or the camera and changes the appearance and/or the behavioral response of the character according to the input. Further, input from the hand-held controller may be used to adjust a mood of the character or, in other words, emphasize or deemphasize the changes to the appearance and/or the behavioral response of the character. | 1. A method for automated control of a human inhabited character, comprising:
receiving, from a first input device, first data corresponding to audio from one or more users; receiving, from a second input device, second data corresponding to one or more images of the one or more users; receiving a user input corresponding to a selection of a mood state level from a plurality of mood state levels of the human inhabited character; determining an appearance state for the human inhabited character based on the first data the second data, and the selection of the mood state level; and displaying, on a display, the human inhabited character based on the appearance state. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the appearance state further comprises:
detecting first user information in the first data; and transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a second appearance state in response to the detecting the first user information. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the appearance state further comprises:
determining first user information is not present in the first data; and transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a third appearance state in response to the first user information not being present and based on a relationship of the first appearance state to the third appearance state. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving user input indicating an action for the human inhabited character to perform, wherein the determining the appearance state further comprises: determining one or more behaviors associated with the action; and transitioning the human inhabited character from a current appearance state to a next appearance state based on the one or more behaviors. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a mood state for the human inhabited character based on the first data and the second data, wherein the displaying the human inhabited character is further based on the mood state. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
determining, by a semantic recognizer, one or more key words from the first data to indicate a mood state setting, wherein the mood state is determined based on the mood state setting. 7. (canceled) 8. A computing device for automated control of a human inhabited character, comprising:
a display; a memory storing instructions; and a processor communicatively coupled with the display and the memory and configured to:
receive, from a first input device, first data corresponding to audio from one or more users;
receive, from a second input device, second data corresponding to one or more images of the one or more users;
receive a user input corresponding to a selection of a mood state level from a plurality of mood state levels of the human inhabited character;
determine an appearance state for the human inhabited character based on the first data, the second data, and the selection of the mood state level; and
display, on the display, the human inhabited character based on the appearance state. 9. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
detect first user information in the first data; and transition the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a second appearance state in response to the first user information being detected. 10. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine first user information is not present in the first data; and transition the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a third appearance state in response to the first user information not being present and based on a relationship of the first appearance state to the third appearance state. 11. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
receive user input indicating an action for the human inhabited character to perform; determine one or more behaviors associated with the action; and transition the human inhabited character from a current appearance state to a next appearance state based on the one or more behaviors. 12. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine a mood state for the human inhabited character based on the first data and the second data, wherein the human inhabited character is displayed further based on the mood state. 13. The computing device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine, by a semantic recognizer, one or more key words from the first data to indicate a mood state setting, wherein the mood state is determined based on the mood state setting. 14. (canceled) 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing executable code for automated control of a human inhabited character by a processor, comprising:
code for receiving, from a first input device, first data corresponding to audio from one or more users; code for receiving, from a second input device, second data corresponding to one or more images of the one or more users; code for receiving a user input corresponding to a selection of a mood state level from a plurality of mood state levels of the human inhabited character; code for determining an appearance state for the human inhabited character based on the first data, the second data, and the selection of the mood state level; and code for displaying, on a display, the human inhabited character based on the appearance state. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15,
further comprising: code for detecting first user information in the first data; and code for transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a second appearance state in response to detecting the first user information. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising:
code for determining first user information is not present in the first data; and code for transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a third appearance state in response to the first user information not being present and based on a relationship of the first appearance state to the third appearance state. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising:
code for receiving user input indicating an action for the human inhabited character to perform; code for determining one or more behaviors associated with the action; and code for transitioning the human inhabited character from a current appearance state to a next appearance state based on the one or more behaviors. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising:
code for determining a mood state for the human inhabited character based on the first data and the second data, wherein displaying the human inhabited character is further based on the mood state. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising:
code for determining, by a semantic recognizer, one or more key words from the first data to indicate a mood state setting, wherein the mood state is determined based on the mood state setting. | Systems-and methods for automated control of human inhabited characters. In an example, control of human inhabited character may be achieved via a plurality of input devices, including, but not limited to, a microphone, a camera, or a hand-held controller, that can modify and trigger changes in the appearance and/or the behavioral response of a character during the live interactions with humans. In an example, a computing device may include a neural network that receives the input from the microphone and/or the camera and changes the appearance and/or the behavioral response of the character according to the input. Further, input from the hand-held controller may be used to adjust a mood of the character or, in other words, emphasize or deemphasize the changes to the appearance and/or the behavioral response of the character.1. A method for automated control of a human inhabited character, comprising:
receiving, from a first input device, first data corresponding to audio from one or more users; receiving, from a second input device, second data corresponding to one or more images of the one or more users; receiving a user input corresponding to a selection of a mood state level from a plurality of mood state levels of the human inhabited character; determining an appearance state for the human inhabited character based on the first data the second data, and the selection of the mood state level; and displaying, on a display, the human inhabited character based on the appearance state. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the appearance state further comprises:
detecting first user information in the first data; and transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a second appearance state in response to the detecting the first user information. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the appearance state further comprises:
determining first user information is not present in the first data; and transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a third appearance state in response to the first user information not being present and based on a relationship of the first appearance state to the third appearance state. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving user input indicating an action for the human inhabited character to perform, wherein the determining the appearance state further comprises: determining one or more behaviors associated with the action; and transitioning the human inhabited character from a current appearance state to a next appearance state based on the one or more behaviors. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a mood state for the human inhabited character based on the first data and the second data, wherein the displaying the human inhabited character is further based on the mood state. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
determining, by a semantic recognizer, one or more key words from the first data to indicate a mood state setting, wherein the mood state is determined based on the mood state setting. 7. (canceled) 8. A computing device for automated control of a human inhabited character, comprising:
a display; a memory storing instructions; and a processor communicatively coupled with the display and the memory and configured to:
receive, from a first input device, first data corresponding to audio from one or more users;
receive, from a second input device, second data corresponding to one or more images of the one or more users;
receive a user input corresponding to a selection of a mood state level from a plurality of mood state levels of the human inhabited character;
determine an appearance state for the human inhabited character based on the first data, the second data, and the selection of the mood state level; and
display, on the display, the human inhabited character based on the appearance state. 9. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
detect first user information in the first data; and transition the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a second appearance state in response to the first user information being detected. 10. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine first user information is not present in the first data; and transition the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a third appearance state in response to the first user information not being present and based on a relationship of the first appearance state to the third appearance state. 11. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
receive user input indicating an action for the human inhabited character to perform; determine one or more behaviors associated with the action; and transition the human inhabited character from a current appearance state to a next appearance state based on the one or more behaviors. 12. The computing device of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine a mood state for the human inhabited character based on the first data and the second data, wherein the human inhabited character is displayed further based on the mood state. 13. The computing device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine, by a semantic recognizer, one or more key words from the first data to indicate a mood state setting, wherein the mood state is determined based on the mood state setting. 14. (canceled) 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing executable code for automated control of a human inhabited character by a processor, comprising:
code for receiving, from a first input device, first data corresponding to audio from one or more users; code for receiving, from a second input device, second data corresponding to one or more images of the one or more users; code for receiving a user input corresponding to a selection of a mood state level from a plurality of mood state levels of the human inhabited character; code for determining an appearance state for the human inhabited character based on the first data, the second data, and the selection of the mood state level; and code for displaying, on a display, the human inhabited character based on the appearance state. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15,
further comprising: code for detecting first user information in the first data; and code for transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a second appearance state in response to detecting the first user information. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising:
code for determining first user information is not present in the first data; and code for transitioning the human inhabited character from a first appearance state to a third appearance state in response to the first user information not being present and based on a relationship of the first appearance state to the third appearance state. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising:
code for receiving user input indicating an action for the human inhabited character to perform; code for determining one or more behaviors associated with the action; and code for transitioning the human inhabited character from a current appearance state to a next appearance state based on the one or more behaviors. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, further comprising:
code for determining a mood state for the human inhabited character based on the first data and the second data, wherein displaying the human inhabited character is further based on the mood state. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 19, further comprising:
code for determining, by a semantic recognizer, one or more key words from the first data to indicate a mood state setting, wherein the mood state is determined based on the mood state setting. | 1,600 |
341,503 | 16,801,808 | 1,647 | A novel garden bean cultivar, designated HMX0164423, is disclosed. In some embodiments, the invention relates to the seeds of garden bean HMX0164423, to the plants and plant parts of garden bean HMX0164423, and to methods for producing a garden bean plant by crossing the garden bean HMX0164423 with itself or another garden bean plant. The invention further relates to methods for producing other garden bean plants derived from the garden bean HMX0164423. | 1. A seed of garden bean cultivar designated HMX0164423, wherein a representative sample of seed of said garden bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 2. A garden bean plant, or a plant part thereof or a plant cell thereof, produced by growing the seed of claim 1. 3. The oat dell bean plant part of claim 2, wherein the garden bean plant part is selected from the group consisting of a leaf, a flower, a pod, an ovule, a cell and pollen. 4. A garden bean plant, or a plant part or a plant cell thereof, wherein the garden bean plant or a garden bean plant regenerated from the plant part or plant cell has all of the characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition, wherein a representative sample of seed of HMX0164423 has been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 5. A garden bean plant, or a part thereof, having all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423; wherein a representative sample of seed of said bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 6. A tissue culture of regenerable cells produced from the garden bean plant or plant part of claim 2, wherein cells of the tissue culture are produced from a plant part, wherein a plant regenerated from the tissue culture has all of the characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition, and wherein a representative sample of seed of said bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 7. A garden bean plant regenerated from the tissue culture of claim 6, said plant having all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423, wherein a representative sample of seed of said bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 8. A garden bean pod produced from the plant of claim 2. 9. A method for producing a garden bean pod, the method comprising: (a) growing the garden bean plant of claim 2 to produce a garden bean pod, and (b) harvesting said garden bean pod. 10. A garden bean pod produced by the method of claim 9. 11. A method for producing a garden bean seed, the method comprising: crossing a first garden bean plant with a second garden bean plant and harvesting the resultant garden bean seed, wherein said first garden bean plant and/or second garden bean plant is the garden bean plant of claim 2. 12. The garden bean seed produced by the method of claim 11. 13. A method for producing a garden bean seed, the method comprising: self-pollinating the garden bean plant of claim 2 and harvesting the resultant garden bean seed. 14. A garden bean seed produced by the method of claim 13. 15. A method of producing a garden bean plant derived from the garden bean HMX0164423, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) crossing the plant of claim 2 with a second garden bean plant to produce a progeny plant; (b) crossing the progeny plant of step (a) with itself or a second garden bean plant to produce a seed; (c) growing a progeny plant of a subsequent generation from the seed produced in step (b); (d) crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generation of step (c) with itself or a second garden bean plant to produce a garden bean plant derived from the garden bean HMX0164423. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of:
(e) repeating step (b) and/or (c) for at least 1 more generation to produce a garden bean plant derived from the garden bean HMX0164423. 17. The garden bean plant of claim 2, comprising: at least one single locus conversion wherein the plant comprises the at least one single locus conversion, and all of the characteristics of HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown under the same environmental conditions. 18. The garden bean plant of claim 17, wherein the at least one single locus conversion confers said plant with a trait selected from the group consisting of male sterility, male fertility, herbicide resistance, insect resistance, disease resistance, water stress tolerance, heat tolerance, improved shelf life, delayed shelf life and improved nutritional quality. 19. The garden bean plant of claim 17, wherein the at least one single locus conversion is an artificially mutated gene. 20. The garden bean plant of claim 17, wherein the at least one single locus conversion is a gene that has been modified through the use of new breeding techniques. 21. A method of introducing a desired trait into garden bean HMX0164423, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) crossing a garden bean HMX0164423 plant grown from garden bean cultivar HMX0164423 seed, wherein a representative sample of seed has been deposited under NCIMB No. ______, with another bean plant that comprises a desired trait to produce F1 progeny plants, wherein the desired trait is selected from the group consisting of insect resistance, disease resistance, water stress tolerance, heat tolerance, improved shelf life delayed shelf life, and improved nutritional quality; (b) selecting one or more progeny plants that have the desired trait to produce selected progeny plants; (c) crossing the selected progeny plants with the garden bean HMX0164423 plant to produce backcross progeny plants; (d) selecting for backcross progeny plants that have the desired trait and the physiological and morphological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition to produce selected backcross progeny plants; and (e) repeating steps (c) and (d) three or more times in succession to produce selected fourth or higher backcross progeny plants that comprise the desired trait and the physiological and morphological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition. | A novel garden bean cultivar, designated HMX0164423, is disclosed. In some embodiments, the invention relates to the seeds of garden bean HMX0164423, to the plants and plant parts of garden bean HMX0164423, and to methods for producing a garden bean plant by crossing the garden bean HMX0164423 with itself or another garden bean plant. The invention further relates to methods for producing other garden bean plants derived from the garden bean HMX0164423.1. A seed of garden bean cultivar designated HMX0164423, wherein a representative sample of seed of said garden bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 2. A garden bean plant, or a plant part thereof or a plant cell thereof, produced by growing the seed of claim 1. 3. The oat dell bean plant part of claim 2, wherein the garden bean plant part is selected from the group consisting of a leaf, a flower, a pod, an ovule, a cell and pollen. 4. A garden bean plant, or a plant part or a plant cell thereof, wherein the garden bean plant or a garden bean plant regenerated from the plant part or plant cell has all of the characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition, wherein a representative sample of seed of HMX0164423 has been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 5. A garden bean plant, or a part thereof, having all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423; wherein a representative sample of seed of said bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 6. A tissue culture of regenerable cells produced from the garden bean plant or plant part of claim 2, wherein cells of the tissue culture are produced from a plant part, wherein a plant regenerated from the tissue culture has all of the characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition, and wherein a representative sample of seed of said bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 7. A garden bean plant regenerated from the tissue culture of claim 6, said plant having all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423, wherein a representative sample of seed of said bean having been deposited under NCIMB No. ______. 8. A garden bean pod produced from the plant of claim 2. 9. A method for producing a garden bean pod, the method comprising: (a) growing the garden bean plant of claim 2 to produce a garden bean pod, and (b) harvesting said garden bean pod. 10. A garden bean pod produced by the method of claim 9. 11. A method for producing a garden bean seed, the method comprising: crossing a first garden bean plant with a second garden bean plant and harvesting the resultant garden bean seed, wherein said first garden bean plant and/or second garden bean plant is the garden bean plant of claim 2. 12. The garden bean seed produced by the method of claim 11. 13. A method for producing a garden bean seed, the method comprising: self-pollinating the garden bean plant of claim 2 and harvesting the resultant garden bean seed. 14. A garden bean seed produced by the method of claim 13. 15. A method of producing a garden bean plant derived from the garden bean HMX0164423, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) crossing the plant of claim 2 with a second garden bean plant to produce a progeny plant; (b) crossing the progeny plant of step (a) with itself or a second garden bean plant to produce a seed; (c) growing a progeny plant of a subsequent generation from the seed produced in step (b); (d) crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generation of step (c) with itself or a second garden bean plant to produce a garden bean plant derived from the garden bean HMX0164423. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of:
(e) repeating step (b) and/or (c) for at least 1 more generation to produce a garden bean plant derived from the garden bean HMX0164423. 17. The garden bean plant of claim 2, comprising: at least one single locus conversion wherein the plant comprises the at least one single locus conversion, and all of the characteristics of HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown under the same environmental conditions. 18. The garden bean plant of claim 17, wherein the at least one single locus conversion confers said plant with a trait selected from the group consisting of male sterility, male fertility, herbicide resistance, insect resistance, disease resistance, water stress tolerance, heat tolerance, improved shelf life, delayed shelf life and improved nutritional quality. 19. The garden bean plant of claim 17, wherein the at least one single locus conversion is an artificially mutated gene. 20. The garden bean plant of claim 17, wherein the at least one single locus conversion is a gene that has been modified through the use of new breeding techniques. 21. A method of introducing a desired trait into garden bean HMX0164423, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) crossing a garden bean HMX0164423 plant grown from garden bean cultivar HMX0164423 seed, wherein a representative sample of seed has been deposited under NCIMB No. ______, with another bean plant that comprises a desired trait to produce F1 progeny plants, wherein the desired trait is selected from the group consisting of insect resistance, disease resistance, water stress tolerance, heat tolerance, improved shelf life delayed shelf life, and improved nutritional quality; (b) selecting one or more progeny plants that have the desired trait to produce selected progeny plants; (c) crossing the selected progeny plants with the garden bean HMX0164423 plant to produce backcross progeny plants; (d) selecting for backcross progeny plants that have the desired trait and the physiological and morphological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition to produce selected backcross progeny plants; and (e) repeating steps (c) and (d) three or more times in succession to produce selected fourth or higher backcross progeny plants that comprise the desired trait and the physiological and morphological characteristics of garden bean HMX0164423 listed in Table 2 when grown in the same environmental condition. | 1,600 |
341,504 | 16,801,858 | 1,647 | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes processing data from a plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform. | 1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 7. A system comprising:
a processor; a data bus coupled to the processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform;
performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes processing data from a plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform.1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 7. A system comprising:
a processor; a data bus coupled to the processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform;
performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | 1,600 |
341,505 | 16,801,837 | 1,647 | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes processing data from a plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform. | 1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 7. A system comprising:
a processor; a data bus coupled to the processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform;
performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes processing data from a plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform.1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 7. A system comprising:
a processor; a data bus coupled to the processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform;
performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via a augmented intelligence platform, the augmented intelligence platform executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence platform and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the augmented intelligence platform comprising a cognitive process foundation platform, the cognitive process foundation platform comprising a cognitive composition platform, the cognitive composition platform being implemented to create custom extensions to the augmented intelligence platform; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform is further implemented for development of a custom cognitive application; and, the destination comprises the custom cognitive application. the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill composition platform being implemented for development of a custom cognitive skill, the custom cognitive skill being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent composition platform being implemented development of a custom cognitive agent, the custom cognitive agent being purpose-built via the cognitive skill composition platform. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the custom cognitive agent comprises at least one of a sourcing agent, a destination agent, an engagement agent and a compliance agent. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation platform comprises a cognitive process orchestration platform. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | 1,600 |
341,506 | 16,801,806 | 1,647 | Fluid delivery and measurement systems and methods are disclosed. | 1. A fluid delivery device comprising:
a first housing having an interior; a flexible member within the interior of the first housing and mechanically coupled to the first housing, the flexible member forming first and second chambers within the interior of the first housing; a gas generator in fluid communication with the flexible member via the first chamber of the first housing; a microprobe connected to the first housing such that when the gas generator produces a gas pressure sufficient to move the flexible member a portion of a fluid disposed in the second chamber is ejected via the microprobe; a second housing in fluid communication with the first chamber of the first housing so that the second housing is capable of increasing the pressure in the first chamber of the first housing to increase a rate of fluid ejection via the microprobe. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprobe is mechanically coupled to the flexible member. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprobe comprises a needle. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprobe comprises a microneedle. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible member comprises a septum. | Fluid delivery and measurement systems and methods are disclosed.1. A fluid delivery device comprising:
a first housing having an interior; a flexible member within the interior of the first housing and mechanically coupled to the first housing, the flexible member forming first and second chambers within the interior of the first housing; a gas generator in fluid communication with the flexible member via the first chamber of the first housing; a microprobe connected to the first housing such that when the gas generator produces a gas pressure sufficient to move the flexible member a portion of a fluid disposed in the second chamber is ejected via the microprobe; a second housing in fluid communication with the first chamber of the first housing so that the second housing is capable of increasing the pressure in the first chamber of the first housing to increase a rate of fluid ejection via the microprobe. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprobe is mechanically coupled to the flexible member. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprobe comprises a needle. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the microprobe comprises a microneedle. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible member comprises a septum. | 1,600 |
341,507 | 16,801,862 | 1,647 | A control device sets first points on characters, generates a first frame composed of a first point and first circles, attaches first marks to points at which the first circles intersect characters, detects a range having a largest central angle and no first marks, sets second points on the first circles in the detected region, generates a second frame composed of a second point and second circles, attaches second marks to points at which the second circles intersect characters, sets a direction passing through the center portions of ranges having no second marks and the second point, sets second points arranged in the direction as the same class, calculates an approximate line connecting second points for each class, obtains straight lines indicating a row direction of characters immediately above and below an approximate line, and determines an inclination angle of an image from inclinations of the straight lines. | 1. An image inclination angle detection apparatus comprising:
an image reading device that reads an image of a document; and a control device that includes a processor and functions as, through the processor executing an image inclination angle detection program:
a first search point setting device that detects a plurality of characters included in the image acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device and sets a first search point at a point on each of the characters;
a first search frame generator that sets, with respect to each first search point set by the first search point setting device, a plurality of first search circles with different diameters having the first search point as a center and generates a first search frame composed of the first search point, which is the center of the plurality of first search circles, and the plurality of first search circles;
a first marking device that attaches first marks to points at which the plurality of first search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each first search frame generated by the first search frame generator;
a line space region detector that extracts, in each first search frame, ranges having no first marks when viewed from the first search point, which is the center of the first search circles, in the form of fan shapes and detects a range having a largest central angle as a region present in a line space;
a second search point setting device that sets second search points on any of the plurality of first search circles in the region detected by the line space region detector in each first search frame;
a second search frame generator that sets, with respect to each second search point set by the second search point setting device, a plurality of second search circles with different diameters having the second search point as a center and generates a second search frame composed of the second search point and the plurality of second search circles;
a second marking device that attaches second marks to points at which the second search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each second search frame generated by the second search frame generator;
a line space direction setting device that extracts, in each second search frame, ranges having no second marks when viewed from the second search point, which is the center of the plurality of second search circles, in the form of fan shapes and sets, as a line space direction, a direction in which a straight line passing through the center portions of the ranges and the second search point extends;
a clustering device that performs clustering by which the second search points of the second search frames arranged in the line space direction set by the line space direction setting device are set as a same class;
an approximate straight line calculator that calculates, for each class set by the clustering device, an approximate straight line connecting the second search points of the second search frames in the class;
a row direction calculator that, for each approximate line calculated by the approximate straight line calculator, obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line and further obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line; and
an inclination angle determination device that determines, from inclinations of respective straight lines indicating the directions of the rows calculated by the row direction calculator, an inclination angle of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 2. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the control device further functions as an image cutting device that cuts a region having many characters out of the image to acquire a cut image, and the first search point setting device sets the first search points using the cut image as the image. 3. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first search point setting device divides the image into a predetermined number of regions, selects a predetermined number of characters in each of the divided regions, and sets a point on the selected characters as the first search point. 4. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first search frame generator sets the diameter of a smallest first search circle to about 1.4 times a size of a character near the first search point, which is the center of the first search circle, and sets the diameter of a largest first search circle to about 3 times the size of the character near the first search point. 5. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the line space direction setting device
in each second search frame, superposes the second marks for each of the plurality of second search circles on second marks obtained by rotating the second marks 180° having the second search point as a center, and extracts ranges having no second marks when viewed from the second search point in the form of fan shapes in each second search frame, and 6. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the approximate straight line calculator obtains the approximate straight line by performing principal component analysis using coordinates of the second search points of the respective second search frames in the same class as inputs. 7. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the row direction calculator obtains a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of a plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line by performing principal component analysis using, as inputs, coordinates of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among the plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate straight line and further obtains a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of a plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate straight line by performing principal component analysis using, as inputs, coordinates of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among the plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate straight line. 8. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle determination device calculates an average of inclinations of straight lines calculated by the row direction calculator, excludes inclinations of straight lines differing from the average by a predetermined value or more, and determines the inclination angle of inclination of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 9. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the control device further functions as a class length calculator that calculates, with respect to second search points of two second search frames farthest from each other, a distance between the second search points as a class length with respect to the same class, and the inclination angle determination device sequentially extracts, with respect to inclinations of straight lines calculated by the row direction calculator, a specific number of inclinations from the inclinations of the straight lines calculated with a class having a long class length and determines, from the extracted inclinations, the inclination angle of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 10. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the inclination angle determination device calculates, with respect to the extracted inclinations of the straight lines, a weighted average by increasing a degree of importance for a class having a longer class length to which the straight lines belong, and sets a calculation result as the inclination angle of inclination of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 11. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control device further functions as a corrector that acquires the inclination angle determined by the inclination angle determination device and uses the acquired inclination angle to correct inclination of the image acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 12. An image forming apparatus comprising:
the image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1; and an image forming device that performs image formation on a recording medium using an image read by the image reading device. 13. A computer-readable non-transitory recording medium storing an image inclination angle detection program causing a computer to function as:
a first search point setting device that detects a plurality of characters included in an image acquired through document reading performed by an image reading device and sets a first search point at a point on each of the characters; a first search frame generator that sets, with respect to each first search point set by the first search point setting device, a plurality of first search circles with different diameters having the first search point as a center and generates a first search frame composed of the first search point, which is the center of the plurality of first search circles, and the plurality of first search circles; a first marking device that attaches first marks to points at which the plurality of first search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each first search frame generated by the first search frame generator; a line space region detector that extracts, in each first search frame, ranges having no first marks when viewed from the first search point, which is the center of the first search circles, in the form of fan shapes and detects a range having a largest central angle as a region present in a line space; a second search point setting device that sets second search points on any of the plurality of first search circles in the region detected by the line space region detector in each first search frame; a second search frame generator that sets, with respect to each second search point set by the second search point setting device, a plurality of second search circles with different diameters having the second search point as a center and generates a second search frame composed of the second search point and the plurality of second search circles; a second marking device that attaches second marks to points at which the second search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each second search frame generated by the second search frame generator; a line space direction setting device that extracts, in each second search frame, ranges having no second marks when viewed from the second search point, which is the center of the plurality of second search circles, in the form of fan shapes and sets, as a line space direction, a direction in which a straight line passing through the center portions of the ranges and the second search point extends; a clustering device that performs clustering by which the second search points of the second search frames arranged in the line space direction set by the line space direction setting device are set as a same class; an approximate straight line calculator that calculates, for each class set by the clustering device, an approximate straight line connecting the second search points of the second search frames in the class; a row direction calculator that, for each approximate line calculated by the approximate straight line calculator, obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line and further obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line; and an inclination angle determination device that determines, from inclinations of respective straight lines indicating the directions of the rows calculated by the row direction calculator, an inclination angle of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. | A control device sets first points on characters, generates a first frame composed of a first point and first circles, attaches first marks to points at which the first circles intersect characters, detects a range having a largest central angle and no first marks, sets second points on the first circles in the detected region, generates a second frame composed of a second point and second circles, attaches second marks to points at which the second circles intersect characters, sets a direction passing through the center portions of ranges having no second marks and the second point, sets second points arranged in the direction as the same class, calculates an approximate line connecting second points for each class, obtains straight lines indicating a row direction of characters immediately above and below an approximate line, and determines an inclination angle of an image from inclinations of the straight lines.1. An image inclination angle detection apparatus comprising:
an image reading device that reads an image of a document; and a control device that includes a processor and functions as, through the processor executing an image inclination angle detection program:
a first search point setting device that detects a plurality of characters included in the image acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device and sets a first search point at a point on each of the characters;
a first search frame generator that sets, with respect to each first search point set by the first search point setting device, a plurality of first search circles with different diameters having the first search point as a center and generates a first search frame composed of the first search point, which is the center of the plurality of first search circles, and the plurality of first search circles;
a first marking device that attaches first marks to points at which the plurality of first search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each first search frame generated by the first search frame generator;
a line space region detector that extracts, in each first search frame, ranges having no first marks when viewed from the first search point, which is the center of the first search circles, in the form of fan shapes and detects a range having a largest central angle as a region present in a line space;
a second search point setting device that sets second search points on any of the plurality of first search circles in the region detected by the line space region detector in each first search frame;
a second search frame generator that sets, with respect to each second search point set by the second search point setting device, a plurality of second search circles with different diameters having the second search point as a center and generates a second search frame composed of the second search point and the plurality of second search circles;
a second marking device that attaches second marks to points at which the second search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each second search frame generated by the second search frame generator;
a line space direction setting device that extracts, in each second search frame, ranges having no second marks when viewed from the second search point, which is the center of the plurality of second search circles, in the form of fan shapes and sets, as a line space direction, a direction in which a straight line passing through the center portions of the ranges and the second search point extends;
a clustering device that performs clustering by which the second search points of the second search frames arranged in the line space direction set by the line space direction setting device are set as a same class;
an approximate straight line calculator that calculates, for each class set by the clustering device, an approximate straight line connecting the second search points of the second search frames in the class;
a row direction calculator that, for each approximate line calculated by the approximate straight line calculator, obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line and further obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line; and
an inclination angle determination device that determines, from inclinations of respective straight lines indicating the directions of the rows calculated by the row direction calculator, an inclination angle of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 2. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the control device further functions as an image cutting device that cuts a region having many characters out of the image to acquire a cut image, and the first search point setting device sets the first search points using the cut image as the image. 3. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first search point setting device divides the image into a predetermined number of regions, selects a predetermined number of characters in each of the divided regions, and sets a point on the selected characters as the first search point. 4. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first search frame generator sets the diameter of a smallest first search circle to about 1.4 times a size of a character near the first search point, which is the center of the first search circle, and sets the diameter of a largest first search circle to about 3 times the size of the character near the first search point. 5. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the line space direction setting device
in each second search frame, superposes the second marks for each of the plurality of second search circles on second marks obtained by rotating the second marks 180° having the second search point as a center, and extracts ranges having no second marks when viewed from the second search point in the form of fan shapes in each second search frame, and 6. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the approximate straight line calculator obtains the approximate straight line by performing principal component analysis using coordinates of the second search points of the respective second search frames in the same class as inputs. 7. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the row direction calculator obtains a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of a plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line by performing principal component analysis using, as inputs, coordinates of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among the plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate straight line and further obtains a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of a plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate straight line by performing principal component analysis using, as inputs, coordinates of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among the plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate straight line. 8. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle determination device calculates an average of inclinations of straight lines calculated by the row direction calculator, excludes inclinations of straight lines differing from the average by a predetermined value or more, and determines the inclination angle of inclination of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 9. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the control device further functions as a class length calculator that calculates, with respect to second search points of two second search frames farthest from each other, a distance between the second search points as a class length with respect to the same class, and the inclination angle determination device sequentially extracts, with respect to inclinations of straight lines calculated by the row direction calculator, a specific number of inclinations from the inclinations of the straight lines calculated with a class having a long class length and determines, from the extracted inclinations, the inclination angle of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 10. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the inclination angle determination device calculates, with respect to the extracted inclinations of the straight lines, a weighted average by increasing a degree of importance for a class having a longer class length to which the straight lines belong, and sets a calculation result as the inclination angle of inclination of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 11. The image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control device further functions as a corrector that acquires the inclination angle determined by the inclination angle determination device and uses the acquired inclination angle to correct inclination of the image acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. 12. An image forming apparatus comprising:
the image inclination angle detection apparatus according to claim 1; and an image forming device that performs image formation on a recording medium using an image read by the image reading device. 13. A computer-readable non-transitory recording medium storing an image inclination angle detection program causing a computer to function as:
a first search point setting device that detects a plurality of characters included in an image acquired through document reading performed by an image reading device and sets a first search point at a point on each of the characters; a first search frame generator that sets, with respect to each first search point set by the first search point setting device, a plurality of first search circles with different diameters having the first search point as a center and generates a first search frame composed of the first search point, which is the center of the plurality of first search circles, and the plurality of first search circles; a first marking device that attaches first marks to points at which the plurality of first search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each first search frame generated by the first search frame generator; a line space region detector that extracts, in each first search frame, ranges having no first marks when viewed from the first search point, which is the center of the first search circles, in the form of fan shapes and detects a range having a largest central angle as a region present in a line space; a second search point setting device that sets second search points on any of the plurality of first search circles in the region detected by the line space region detector in each first search frame; a second search frame generator that sets, with respect to each second search point set by the second search point setting device, a plurality of second search circles with different diameters having the second search point as a center and generates a second search frame composed of the second search point and the plurality of second search circles; a second marking device that attaches second marks to points at which the second search circles intersect the characters included in the image in each second search frame generated by the second search frame generator; a line space direction setting device that extracts, in each second search frame, ranges having no second marks when viewed from the second search point, which is the center of the plurality of second search circles, in the form of fan shapes and sets, as a line space direction, a direction in which a straight line passing through the center portions of the ranges and the second search point extends; a clustering device that performs clustering by which the second search points of the second search frames arranged in the line space direction set by the line space direction setting device are set as a same class; an approximate straight line calculator that calculates, for each class set by the clustering device, an approximate straight line connecting the second search points of the second search frames in the class; a row direction calculator that, for each approximate line calculated by the approximate straight line calculator, obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately above the approximate line and further obtains, based on positions of all pixels of characters overlapping with the second search circles from among a plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line, a straight line indicating a direction of a row composed of the plurality of characters positioned immediately below the approximate line; and an inclination angle determination device that determines, from inclinations of respective straight lines indicating the directions of the rows calculated by the row direction calculator, an inclination angle of the image with respect to the document, the image being acquired through document reading performed by the image reading device. | 1,600 |
341,508 | 16,801,835 | 1,647 | An imaging system includes an ultrasound probe, and an interventional medical device having a tracking device. The ultrasound probe includes an ultrasound transducer to generate an ultrasound field-of-view, a tracking field generator to generate an electromagnetic locator field, and a wireless receiver. The interventional medical device has a distal end portion to which the tracking device is mechanically coupled. The tracking device includes a plurality of tracking coils, a wireless transmitter, and a power supply circuit. The plurality of tracking coils interact with the electromagnetic locator field to determine a location within the electromagnetic locator field and to generate tracking data. The wireless transmitter is configured to transmit the tracking data from the tracking device of the interventional medical device to the wireless receiver of the ultrasound probe. The power supply circuit is configured to supply electrical power to the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. | 1. An imaging system, comprising:
an ultrasound probe that includes an ultrasound transducer configured to generate an ultrasound field-of-view, a tracking field generator to generate an electromagnetic locator field, and a wireless receiver; an interventional medical device having a distal end portion; and a tracking device mechanically coupled to the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the tracking device including:
a plurality of tracking coils to interact with the electromagnetic locator field to determine a location within an electromagnetic locator field volume and to generate tracking data,
a wireless transmitter configured to transmit the tracking data from the tracking device of the interventional medical device to the wireless receiver of the ultrasound probe, and
a power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 2. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply includes pickup coils that are coupled to the interventional medical device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device. 3. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the wireless receiver is a near field receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter is a near field transmitter circuit, wherein the near field receiver circuit and the near field transmitter circuit utilize a near field communication protocol. 4. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the wireless receiver includes a Bluetooth receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter includes a Bluetooth transmitter circuit, wherein the Bluetooth receiver circuit and the Bluetooth transmitter circuit utilize a Bluetooth communication protocol. 5. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein each of the wireless receiver and the wireless transmitter includes at least one of an inductive coupling circuit, an RF circuit, and an RFID circuit. 6. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a plurality of pickup coils at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the plurality of pickup coils configured to receive the electromagnetic locator field and convert a portion of the electromagnetic locator field into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 7. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an excitation device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the excitation device configured to receive ultrasound sound waves in an ultrasound imaging volume from the ultrasound probe and convert the ultrasound sound waves into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 8. The imaging system of claim 7, wherein the excitation device is one of a piezoelectric generator circuit and a micro-cantilever generator circuit. 9. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an inductive coupling circuit. 10. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a capacitor circuit having a capacitor that serves as an electrical energy storage device. 11. An interventional medical device for use in conjunction with an ultrasound probe, comprising:
an elongate body having a distal end portion; and a tracking device mechanically coupled to the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the tracking device including:
a plurality of tracking coils configured to determine a location of the tracking device within an electromagnetic locator field volume and to generate tracking data,
a wireless transmitter configured to transmit the tracking data from the tracking device to the ultrasound probe, and
a power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 12. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply includes pickup coils coupled to the interventional medical device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device. 13. The imaging system of claim 11, wherein the wireless receiver is a near field receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter is a near field transmitter circuit, wherein the near field receiver circuit and the near field transmitter circuit utilize a near field communication protocol. 14. The imaging system of claim 11, wherein the wireless receiver includes a Bluetooth receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter includes a Bluetooth transmitter circuit, wherein the Bluetooth receiver circuit and the Bluetooth transmitter circuit utilize a Bluetooth communication protocol. 15. The imaging system of claim 11, wherein each of the wireless receiver and the wireless transmitter includes at least one of an inductive coupling circuit, an RF circuit, and an RFID circuit. 16. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a plurality of pickup coils at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the plurality of pickup coils configured to receive the electromagnetic locator field and convert a portion of the electromagnetic locator field into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 17. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an excitation device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the excitation device configured to receive ultrasound sound waves in an ultrasound imaging volume from the ultrasound probe and convert the ultrasound sound waves into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 18. The interventional medical device of claim 17, wherein the excitation device is one of a piezoelectric generator circuit and a micro-cantilever generator circuit. 19. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an inductive coupling circuit. 20. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a capacitor circuit having a capacitor that serves as an electrical energy storage device. | An imaging system includes an ultrasound probe, and an interventional medical device having a tracking device. The ultrasound probe includes an ultrasound transducer to generate an ultrasound field-of-view, a tracking field generator to generate an electromagnetic locator field, and a wireless receiver. The interventional medical device has a distal end portion to which the tracking device is mechanically coupled. The tracking device includes a plurality of tracking coils, a wireless transmitter, and a power supply circuit. The plurality of tracking coils interact with the electromagnetic locator field to determine a location within the electromagnetic locator field and to generate tracking data. The wireless transmitter is configured to transmit the tracking data from the tracking device of the interventional medical device to the wireless receiver of the ultrasound probe. The power supply circuit is configured to supply electrical power to the wireless transmitter of the tracking device.1. An imaging system, comprising:
an ultrasound probe that includes an ultrasound transducer configured to generate an ultrasound field-of-view, a tracking field generator to generate an electromagnetic locator field, and a wireless receiver; an interventional medical device having a distal end portion; and a tracking device mechanically coupled to the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the tracking device including:
a plurality of tracking coils to interact with the electromagnetic locator field to determine a location within an electromagnetic locator field volume and to generate tracking data,
a wireless transmitter configured to transmit the tracking data from the tracking device of the interventional medical device to the wireless receiver of the ultrasound probe, and
a power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power to the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 2. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply includes pickup coils that are coupled to the interventional medical device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device. 3. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the wireless receiver is a near field receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter is a near field transmitter circuit, wherein the near field receiver circuit and the near field transmitter circuit utilize a near field communication protocol. 4. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the wireless receiver includes a Bluetooth receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter includes a Bluetooth transmitter circuit, wherein the Bluetooth receiver circuit and the Bluetooth transmitter circuit utilize a Bluetooth communication protocol. 5. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein each of the wireless receiver and the wireless transmitter includes at least one of an inductive coupling circuit, an RF circuit, and an RFID circuit. 6. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a plurality of pickup coils at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the plurality of pickup coils configured to receive the electromagnetic locator field and convert a portion of the electromagnetic locator field into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 7. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an excitation device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the excitation device configured to receive ultrasound sound waves in an ultrasound imaging volume from the ultrasound probe and convert the ultrasound sound waves into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 8. The imaging system of claim 7, wherein the excitation device is one of a piezoelectric generator circuit and a micro-cantilever generator circuit. 9. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an inductive coupling circuit. 10. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a capacitor circuit having a capacitor that serves as an electrical energy storage device. 11. An interventional medical device for use in conjunction with an ultrasound probe, comprising:
an elongate body having a distal end portion; and a tracking device mechanically coupled to the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the tracking device including:
a plurality of tracking coils configured to determine a location of the tracking device within an electromagnetic locator field volume and to generate tracking data,
a wireless transmitter configured to transmit the tracking data from the tracking device to the ultrasound probe, and
a power supply circuit configured to supply electrical power the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 12. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply includes pickup coils coupled to the interventional medical device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device. 13. The imaging system of claim 11, wherein the wireless receiver is a near field receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter is a near field transmitter circuit, wherein the near field receiver circuit and the near field transmitter circuit utilize a near field communication protocol. 14. The imaging system of claim 11, wherein the wireless receiver includes a Bluetooth receiver circuit and the wireless transmitter includes a Bluetooth transmitter circuit, wherein the Bluetooth receiver circuit and the Bluetooth transmitter circuit utilize a Bluetooth communication protocol. 15. The imaging system of claim 11, wherein each of the wireless receiver and the wireless transmitter includes at least one of an inductive coupling circuit, an RF circuit, and an RFID circuit. 16. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a plurality of pickup coils at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the plurality of pickup coils configured to receive the electromagnetic locator field and convert a portion of the electromagnetic locator field into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 17. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an excitation device at the distal end portion of the interventional medical device, the excitation device configured to receive ultrasound sound waves in an ultrasound imaging volume from the ultrasound probe and convert the ultrasound sound waves into electrical power for use in satisfying the electrical power requirements of the wireless transmitter of the tracking device. 18. The interventional medical device of claim 17, wherein the excitation device is one of a piezoelectric generator circuit and a micro-cantilever generator circuit. 19. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes an inductive coupling circuit. 20. The interventional medical device of claim 11, wherein the power supply circuit of the tracking device includes a capacitor circuit having a capacitor that serves as an electrical energy storage device. | 1,600 |
341,509 | 16,801,852 | 2,443 | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system and an information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. | 1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs at least one of a plurality of cognitive computing functions, the plurality of cognitive computing functions comprising simplification of data and compute resource access, sharing and control operations, composition and orchestration of artificial intelligence systems and governance and control operations. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises at least one of a plurality of cognitive processes. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
the plurality of cognitive processes comprise an intelligent user engagement process, an augmented process engagement process and a cognitive application process. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function;
performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs at least one of a plurality of cognitive computing functions, the plurality of cognitive computing functions comprising simplification of data and compute resource access, sharing and control operations, composition and orchestration of artificial intelligence systems and governance and control operations. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises at least one of a plurality of cognitive processes. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the plurality of cognitive processes comprise an intelligent user engagement process, an augmented process engagement process and a cognitive application process. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs at least one of a plurality of cognitive computing functions, the plurality of cognitive computing functions comprising simplification of data and compute resource access, sharing and control operations, composition and orchestration of artificial intelligence systems and governance and control operations. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises at least one of a plurality of cognitive processes. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the plurality of cognitive processes comprise an intelligent user engagement process, an augmented process engagement process and a cognitive application process. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system and an information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights.1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs at least one of a plurality of cognitive computing functions, the plurality of cognitive computing functions comprising simplification of data and compute resource access, sharing and control operations, composition and orchestration of artificial intelligence systems and governance and control operations. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises at least one of a plurality of cognitive processes. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
the plurality of cognitive processes comprise an intelligent user engagement process, an augmented process engagement process and a cognitive application process. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function;
performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs at least one of a plurality of cognitive computing functions, the plurality of cognitive computing functions comprising simplification of data and compute resource access, sharing and control operations, composition and orchestration of artificial intelligence systems and governance and control operations. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises at least one of a plurality of cognitive processes. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
the plurality of cognitive processes comprise an intelligent user engagement process, an augmented process engagement process and a cognitive application process. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing a learning operation to iteratively improve the cognitively processed insights over time; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs at least one of a plurality of cognitive computing functions, the plurality of cognitive computing functions comprising simplification of data and compute resource access, sharing and control operations, composition and orchestration of artificial intelligence systems and governance and control operations. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises at least one of a plurality of cognitive processes. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the plurality of cognitive processes comprise an intelligent user engagement process, an augmented process engagement process and a cognitive application process. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | 2,400 |
341,510 | 16,801,823 | 2,443 | A remote control system able to remotely control an autonomously driving vehicle, comprises a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle, an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle, a margin calculating part configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle, and an instructing part configured to send the vehicle instructions relating to control of the vehicle through the communication device. The instructing part is configured to send the vehicle instructions from the operator when the input device is operated by the operator and send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving plan of the vehicle when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a predetermined value. | 1. A remote control system able to remotely control an autonomously driving vehicle, comprising:
a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle; an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle; a margin calculating part configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle; and an instructing part configured to send the vehicle instructions relating to control of the vehicle through the communication device, wherein the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle instructions from the operator when the input device is operated by the operator and send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving plan of the vehicle when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a predetermined value. 2. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein the margin calculating part is configured to lower the operator intervention margin when the number of operators able to operate the input device for intervening in control of the vehicle is relatively small compared to when the number of operators is relatively large. 3. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein the margin calculating part is configured to lower the operator intervention margin when a quality of communication between the remote control system and the vehicle is relatively poor compared with when the quality of communication is relatively good. 4. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for making the vehicle stop when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value. 5. The remote control system according to claim 4, wherein the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for making the vehicle stop when a confidence showing a possibility of the vehicle being able to continue autonomous driving without intervention by the operator is equal to or less than a threshold value and the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value. 6. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving route of the vehicle so that a confidence showing a possibility of the vehicle being able to continue autonomous driving without intervention by the operator becomes higher. 7. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein
the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving route of the vehicle so that a confidence showing a possibility of the vehicle being able to continue autonomous driving without intervention by the operator becomes higher when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a first predetermined value, and send the vehicle an instruction for making the vehicle stop when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a second predetermined value, and the second predetermined value is smaller than the first predetermined value. 8. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for lowering an upper limit speed of the vehicle. 9. A self-driving system comprising an autonomously driving vehicle and a remote control system able to remotely control the vehicle, wherein
the remote control system comprises: a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle; an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle; a margin calculating part configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle, and an instructing part configured to send the vehicle instructions relating to control of the vehicle through the communication device; and the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle instructions from the operator when the input device is operated by the operator and send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving plan of the vehicle when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a predetermined value. 10. A remote control system able to remotely control an autonomously driving vehicle, comprising:
a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle; an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle; and an electronic control unit, wherein the electronic control unit is configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle; | A remote control system able to remotely control an autonomously driving vehicle, comprises a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle, an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle, a margin calculating part configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle, and an instructing part configured to send the vehicle instructions relating to control of the vehicle through the communication device. The instructing part is configured to send the vehicle instructions from the operator when the input device is operated by the operator and send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving plan of the vehicle when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a predetermined value.1. A remote control system able to remotely control an autonomously driving vehicle, comprising:
a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle; an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle; a margin calculating part configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle; and an instructing part configured to send the vehicle instructions relating to control of the vehicle through the communication device, wherein the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle instructions from the operator when the input device is operated by the operator and send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving plan of the vehicle when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a predetermined value. 2. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein the margin calculating part is configured to lower the operator intervention margin when the number of operators able to operate the input device for intervening in control of the vehicle is relatively small compared to when the number of operators is relatively large. 3. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein the margin calculating part is configured to lower the operator intervention margin when a quality of communication between the remote control system and the vehicle is relatively poor compared with when the quality of communication is relatively good. 4. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for making the vehicle stop when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value. 5. The remote control system according to claim 4, wherein the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for making the vehicle stop when a confidence showing a possibility of the vehicle being able to continue autonomous driving without intervention by the operator is equal to or less than a threshold value and the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value. 6. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving route of the vehicle so that a confidence showing a possibility of the vehicle being able to continue autonomous driving without intervention by the operator becomes higher. 7. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein
the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving route of the vehicle so that a confidence showing a possibility of the vehicle being able to continue autonomous driving without intervention by the operator becomes higher when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a first predetermined value, and send the vehicle an instruction for making the vehicle stop when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a second predetermined value, and the second predetermined value is smaller than the first predetermined value. 8. The remote control system according to claim 1, wherein when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle an instruction for lowering an upper limit speed of the vehicle. 9. A self-driving system comprising an autonomously driving vehicle and a remote control system able to remotely control the vehicle, wherein
the remote control system comprises: a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle; an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle; a margin calculating part configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle, and an instructing part configured to send the vehicle instructions relating to control of the vehicle through the communication device; and the instructing part is configured to send the vehicle instructions from the operator when the input device is operated by the operator and send the vehicle an instruction for changing a driving plan of the vehicle when the operator intervention margin is equal to or less than a predetermined value. 10. A remote control system able to remotely control an autonomously driving vehicle, comprising:
a communication device able to communicate with the vehicle; an input device to be operated by an operator for intervening in control of the vehicle; and an electronic control unit, wherein the electronic control unit is configured to calculate an operator intervention margin showing a possibility of an operator being able to intervene in control of the vehicle; | 2,400 |
341,511 | 16,801,849 | 2,443 | A semi-continuous deodorizer providing a first main vessel, and a second vessel, wherein the second vessel is connected to the first main vessel by a duct for the transport of gases and vapors, the second vessel being connected to a vacuum system, wherein both the first main vessel and the second vessel are made of stainless steel and built hermetically. | 1. A semi-continuous deodorizer, comprising
a first main vessel; and a second vessel, wherein the second vessel is connected to the first main vessel by a duct for the transport of gases and vapors, the second vessel being connected to a vacuum system, wherein both the first main vessel and the second vessel being made of stainless steel and built hermetically, said first main vessel containing a top buffer tray; at least one set of thermosiphon trays; a final heating tray; at least one deodorizing tray with its supply of stripping steam; a bottom buffer tray; a first line including RB oil pump to feed the top buffer tray with RB oil and a second line including RBD oil pump to conduct the RBD oil from the bottom buffer tray to a RBD storage tank, said second vessel containing at least one scrubber; a FAD collector tray below the at least one scrubber; a third line transporting the collected FAD to a FAD storage tank; a fourth line including a FAD pump and a cooler to transport at least a fraction of the collected FAD from the FAD storage tank to a sprayer on top of the scrubber; a packed stripper and stripping steam supply means below the packed stripper; a collector buffer tray below the packed stripper for the holding of the stripped oil; a fifth line to connect the final heating tray of the first main vessel to the bottom of the second vessel; a sixth line including PS pump connecting the bottom of the second vessel to the sprayer above the packed stripper; a seventh line connecting the collector buffer tray below the packed stripper to the bottom of the second vessel; and an eighth line connecting the collector buffer tray below the packed stripper to the first deodorizing tray of the first main vessel, wherein said fifth, seventh and eighth lines contain a valve, and said fourth and sixth lines contain a three-way valve, said three-way valve of the fourth line being able to connect line four to the bottom of the second vessel via a ninth line, and said three-way valve on the sixth line being able to connect sixth line to the FAD storage tank via a tenth line. 2. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the scrubber is a packed scrubber. 3. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the second vessel contains an additional scrubber and an additional collecting tray below said additional scrubber, said additional scrubber being located between the already existing scrubber of claim 1 and the packed stripper. 4. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 3, wherein said additional scrubber is a packed scrubber. 5. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 3, wherein said additional collecting tray below said additional scrubber is connected to a low-pressure steam producing boiler. 6. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 3, wherein said additional scrubber is a tube and shell condenser. 7. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein said collecting tray below the packed scrubber is provided with a cooling means. 8. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 7, wherein said cooling means is a heat exchanger. 9. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 8, wherein said heat exchanger is connected to the first line. 10. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the top buffer tray, and/or the at least one set of thermosiphon trays, and/or the final heating tray, and/or the bottom buffer tray, and/or the bottom of the second vessel is/are provided with at least one steam supply means. 11. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the second vessel is separated in a first radial compartment for collecting the oil coming from the final heating tray, and in a second central compartment for collecting the stripped oil coming from the packed stripper. 12. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein additional buffer tray is placed in the second vessel below the packed stripper. 13. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the main vessel contains at least one additional tray equipped with a heat-exchanger. 14. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein said at least one set of thermosiphon trays and/or final heating tray is equipped of pigtail coil type heat exchangers, preferably double pigtail coil meaning that a coil of smaller diameter is enchased inside a coil of larger diameter, even more preferably, the heat exchanger is a triple pigtail coil meaning that a third coil of even smaller diameter is enchased inside the second coil, preferably the tube forming the third coil has a smaller diameter than the tube forming the larger coils. 15. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, including man-holes disposed regularly on both the first main vessels and the second vessel. 16. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the packed stripper feed buffer tank is positioned below the packed stripper receiving tank, both being positioned below the packed stripper, the packed stripper buffer tank being positioned below the final heating tray, and the packed column collecting tank being positioned above the first deodorizing tray. | A semi-continuous deodorizer providing a first main vessel, and a second vessel, wherein the second vessel is connected to the first main vessel by a duct for the transport of gases and vapors, the second vessel being connected to a vacuum system, wherein both the first main vessel and the second vessel are made of stainless steel and built hermetically.1. A semi-continuous deodorizer, comprising
a first main vessel; and a second vessel, wherein the second vessel is connected to the first main vessel by a duct for the transport of gases and vapors, the second vessel being connected to a vacuum system, wherein both the first main vessel and the second vessel being made of stainless steel and built hermetically, said first main vessel containing a top buffer tray; at least one set of thermosiphon trays; a final heating tray; at least one deodorizing tray with its supply of stripping steam; a bottom buffer tray; a first line including RB oil pump to feed the top buffer tray with RB oil and a second line including RBD oil pump to conduct the RBD oil from the bottom buffer tray to a RBD storage tank, said second vessel containing at least one scrubber; a FAD collector tray below the at least one scrubber; a third line transporting the collected FAD to a FAD storage tank; a fourth line including a FAD pump and a cooler to transport at least a fraction of the collected FAD from the FAD storage tank to a sprayer on top of the scrubber; a packed stripper and stripping steam supply means below the packed stripper; a collector buffer tray below the packed stripper for the holding of the stripped oil; a fifth line to connect the final heating tray of the first main vessel to the bottom of the second vessel; a sixth line including PS pump connecting the bottom of the second vessel to the sprayer above the packed stripper; a seventh line connecting the collector buffer tray below the packed stripper to the bottom of the second vessel; and an eighth line connecting the collector buffer tray below the packed stripper to the first deodorizing tray of the first main vessel, wherein said fifth, seventh and eighth lines contain a valve, and said fourth and sixth lines contain a three-way valve, said three-way valve of the fourth line being able to connect line four to the bottom of the second vessel via a ninth line, and said three-way valve on the sixth line being able to connect sixth line to the FAD storage tank via a tenth line. 2. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the scrubber is a packed scrubber. 3. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the second vessel contains an additional scrubber and an additional collecting tray below said additional scrubber, said additional scrubber being located between the already existing scrubber of claim 1 and the packed stripper. 4. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 3, wherein said additional scrubber is a packed scrubber. 5. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 3, wherein said additional collecting tray below said additional scrubber is connected to a low-pressure steam producing boiler. 6. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 3, wherein said additional scrubber is a tube and shell condenser. 7. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein said collecting tray below the packed scrubber is provided with a cooling means. 8. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 7, wherein said cooling means is a heat exchanger. 9. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 8, wherein said heat exchanger is connected to the first line. 10. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the top buffer tray, and/or the at least one set of thermosiphon trays, and/or the final heating tray, and/or the bottom buffer tray, and/or the bottom of the second vessel is/are provided with at least one steam supply means. 11. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the second vessel is separated in a first radial compartment for collecting the oil coming from the final heating tray, and in a second central compartment for collecting the stripped oil coming from the packed stripper. 12. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein additional buffer tray is placed in the second vessel below the packed stripper. 13. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the main vessel contains at least one additional tray equipped with a heat-exchanger. 14. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein said at least one set of thermosiphon trays and/or final heating tray is equipped of pigtail coil type heat exchangers, preferably double pigtail coil meaning that a coil of smaller diameter is enchased inside a coil of larger diameter, even more preferably, the heat exchanger is a triple pigtail coil meaning that a third coil of even smaller diameter is enchased inside the second coil, preferably the tube forming the third coil has a smaller diameter than the tube forming the larger coils. 15. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, including man-holes disposed regularly on both the first main vessels and the second vessel. 16. The semi-continuous deodorizer according to claim 1, wherein the packed stripper feed buffer tank is positioned below the packed stripper receiving tank, both being positioned below the packed stripper, the packed stripper buffer tank being positioned below the final heating tray, and the packed column collecting tank being positioned above the first deodorizing tray. | 2,400 |
341,512 | 16,801,838 | 3,647 | An improved hog/livestock feeder uses a bump cone on a pendulum swivel as opposed to rotary motion. A support structure suspends a feed hopper directly above a feed pan. A bump cone swings with a pendulum motion within a funnel in the hopper. The lower edge of the bump cone is accessible between the open bottom of the hopper and the upper rim of the feed pan, such that when an animal nudges the bump cone, a gap between the hopper funnel and bump cone widens, and feed falls from the hopper and into the feed pan. The device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion may be a spring, a multi-axis joint, or a length of flexible material. A raised feed diverter structure may extend upwardly from the bottom of the feed pan, and the bump cone may be perforated to further distribute the feed. | 1. An animal feeder, comprising:
a hopper adapted to hold animal feed, and wherein the hopper includes an upper portion with an open top and lower portion with an open bottom; a feed pan having an upper rim and a bottom surface; a support structure between the hopper and the feed pan, such that the open bottom of the hopper is suspended directly above the feed pan; a hopper funnel disposed within the lower portion of the hopper, the hopper funnel including a funnel opening with a diameter, D1; a bump cone having an upper portion, a lower edge, and an outer surface including a diameter, D2; wherein the bump cone is suspended in the hopper so as to create a gap G between D1 and D2; wherein the bump cone is suspended in the hopper with a device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion relative to the hopper funnel; wherein the lower edge of the bump cone is accessible between the open bottom of the hopper and the upper rim of the feed pan, such that when an animal nudges the lower edge of the bump cone, the gap G widens, allowing feed to fall from the hopper and into the feed pan. 2. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion is implemented with a spring. 3. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion is implemented with a multi-axis joint. 4. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion is implemented with a length of flexible material. 5. The animal feeder of claim 1, further including a diverter structure extending upwardly from the bottom of the feed pan. 6. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the bump cone includes sidewalls with apertures penetrating therethrough. | An improved hog/livestock feeder uses a bump cone on a pendulum swivel as opposed to rotary motion. A support structure suspends a feed hopper directly above a feed pan. A bump cone swings with a pendulum motion within a funnel in the hopper. The lower edge of the bump cone is accessible between the open bottom of the hopper and the upper rim of the feed pan, such that when an animal nudges the bump cone, a gap between the hopper funnel and bump cone widens, and feed falls from the hopper and into the feed pan. The device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion may be a spring, a multi-axis joint, or a length of flexible material. A raised feed diverter structure may extend upwardly from the bottom of the feed pan, and the bump cone may be perforated to further distribute the feed.1. An animal feeder, comprising:
a hopper adapted to hold animal feed, and wherein the hopper includes an upper portion with an open top and lower portion with an open bottom; a feed pan having an upper rim and a bottom surface; a support structure between the hopper and the feed pan, such that the open bottom of the hopper is suspended directly above the feed pan; a hopper funnel disposed within the lower portion of the hopper, the hopper funnel including a funnel opening with a diameter, D1; a bump cone having an upper portion, a lower edge, and an outer surface including a diameter, D2; wherein the bump cone is suspended in the hopper so as to create a gap G between D1 and D2; wherein the bump cone is suspended in the hopper with a device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion relative to the hopper funnel; wherein the lower edge of the bump cone is accessible between the open bottom of the hopper and the upper rim of the feed pan, such that when an animal nudges the lower edge of the bump cone, the gap G widens, allowing feed to fall from the hopper and into the feed pan. 2. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion is implemented with a spring. 3. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion is implemented with a multi-axis joint. 4. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the device enabling the bump cone to swing a pendulum motion is implemented with a length of flexible material. 5. The animal feeder of claim 1, further including a diverter structure extending upwardly from the bottom of the feed pan. 6. The animal feeder of claim 1, wherein the bump cone includes sidewalls with apertures penetrating therethrough. | 3,600 |
341,513 | 16,801,810 | 3,647 | A hand crank cam lock for connecting medium to large sized display walls or boards including a hand crank disposed in a cam lock. The hand crank cam lock is configured to join two separate extrusions or frames together in a toolless manner. The hand crank cam lock locks these frames when the hand crank is turned clockwise, a plurality of hooks slide back along channels inside an outer body to grab the inner walls of a frame. This will in turn lock the hooks into place against the inner walls. The hand crank will only require half a turn to travel the required distance to lock the hooks into place and this half turn may be performed via a tool or by hand. | 1. A cam lock, comprising:
an outer body; a plurality of movable hooks disposed in the outer body for translational motion; a rotatable dial disposed in the outer body for rotational motion; and a cam mechanism configured to couple the rotatable dial and the plurality of movable hooks, wherein the rotatable dial is configured to rotate causing translational movement of the plurality of movable hooks within the outer body to operate between a locked state and an unlocked state. 2. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable hooks are configured to translate in a juxtaposed position about a central axis. 3. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable hooks is a unitary mechanism. 4. The cam lock of claim 3, wherein the unitary mechanism is coupled to the cam mechanism for translational motion. 5. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable hooks protrude through the outer body in a horizontal plane and are offset with respect to each other in the horizontal plane. 6. The cam lock of claim 4, wherein the coupling comprises a connector rod inserted within the unitary mechanism and the cam mechanism. 7. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the cam mechanism includes an exterior surface and an interior surface with the exterior surface having a threaded surface configured to engage the interior surface having a threaded surface of the rotatable dial for translational motion. 8. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the unitary mechanism is a flat spring. 9. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the outer body includes at least two protrusions configured to prevent rotation of the outer body when the rotatable dial is rotated. 10. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the rotatable dial is a rotatable hand crank dial configured to lock the plurality of hooks with a quarter clockwise hand turn by a user and to unlock the plurality of hooks with a quarter counter-clockwise hand turn by the user. 11. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the rotatable dial is a tool crank dial configured to receive a tool to cause the tool crank dial to rotate where the rotation is configured to cause the plurality of hooks to lock with a quarter clockwise tooled turn by a user and to cause the plurality of hooks to unlock with a quarter counter-clockwise tooled turn by the user. 12. A cam lock system, comprising:
an outer body; a plurality of movable hooks disposed in the outer body for translational motion; a rotatable dial disposed in the outer body for rotational motion; a cam mechanism configured to couple the rotatable dial and the plurality of movable hooks; and a lockable frame structure configured to insert the outer body, wherein the rotatable dial is configured to rotate causing translational movement of the plurality of movable hooks within the outer body to operate between a locked state and an unlocked state. 13. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the plurality of movable hooks are configured to translate in a juxtaposed position about a central axis. 14. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the plurality of movable hooks are a unitary mechanism. 15. The cam lock system of claim 14, wherein the unitary mechanism is coupled to the cam mechanism for translational motion into and out of the lockable frame structure. 16. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the plurality of movable hooks protrude through the outer body in a horizontal plane and are offset with respect to each other in the horizontal plane. 17. The cam lock system of claim 15, wherein the coupling comprises a connector rod inserted within the unitary mechanism and the cam mechanism. 18. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the cam mechanism includes an exterior surface and an interior surface with the exterior surface having a threaded surface configured to engage the interior surface having a threaded surface of the rotatable dial for translational motion. 19. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the unitary mechanism is a flat spring. 20. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the outer body includes at least two protrusions configured to prevent rotation of the outer body when the cam lock is inserted and rotated while disposed within the lockable frame structure. 21. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the rotatable dial is a rotatable hand crank dial configured to lock against the lockable frame structure via the plurality of hooks with a quarter clockwise hand turn by a user and to unlock the plurality of hooks with a quarter counter-clockwise hand turn by the user. 22. The cam lock of claim 12, wherein the rotatable dial is a tool crank dial configured to receive a tool to cause the tool crank dial to rotate where the rotation is configured to cause the plurality of hooks to lock with a quarter clockwise tooled turn by a user and to cause the plurality of hooks to unlock with a quarter counter-clockwise tooled turn by the user. | A hand crank cam lock for connecting medium to large sized display walls or boards including a hand crank disposed in a cam lock. The hand crank cam lock is configured to join two separate extrusions or frames together in a toolless manner. The hand crank cam lock locks these frames when the hand crank is turned clockwise, a plurality of hooks slide back along channels inside an outer body to grab the inner walls of a frame. This will in turn lock the hooks into place against the inner walls. The hand crank will only require half a turn to travel the required distance to lock the hooks into place and this half turn may be performed via a tool or by hand.1. A cam lock, comprising:
an outer body; a plurality of movable hooks disposed in the outer body for translational motion; a rotatable dial disposed in the outer body for rotational motion; and a cam mechanism configured to couple the rotatable dial and the plurality of movable hooks, wherein the rotatable dial is configured to rotate causing translational movement of the plurality of movable hooks within the outer body to operate between a locked state and an unlocked state. 2. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable hooks are configured to translate in a juxtaposed position about a central axis. 3. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable hooks is a unitary mechanism. 4. The cam lock of claim 3, wherein the unitary mechanism is coupled to the cam mechanism for translational motion. 5. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the plurality of movable hooks protrude through the outer body in a horizontal plane and are offset with respect to each other in the horizontal plane. 6. The cam lock of claim 4, wherein the coupling comprises a connector rod inserted within the unitary mechanism and the cam mechanism. 7. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the cam mechanism includes an exterior surface and an interior surface with the exterior surface having a threaded surface configured to engage the interior surface having a threaded surface of the rotatable dial for translational motion. 8. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the unitary mechanism is a flat spring. 9. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the outer body includes at least two protrusions configured to prevent rotation of the outer body when the rotatable dial is rotated. 10. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the rotatable dial is a rotatable hand crank dial configured to lock the plurality of hooks with a quarter clockwise hand turn by a user and to unlock the plurality of hooks with a quarter counter-clockwise hand turn by the user. 11. The cam lock of claim 1, wherein the rotatable dial is a tool crank dial configured to receive a tool to cause the tool crank dial to rotate where the rotation is configured to cause the plurality of hooks to lock with a quarter clockwise tooled turn by a user and to cause the plurality of hooks to unlock with a quarter counter-clockwise tooled turn by the user. 12. A cam lock system, comprising:
an outer body; a plurality of movable hooks disposed in the outer body for translational motion; a rotatable dial disposed in the outer body for rotational motion; a cam mechanism configured to couple the rotatable dial and the plurality of movable hooks; and a lockable frame structure configured to insert the outer body, wherein the rotatable dial is configured to rotate causing translational movement of the plurality of movable hooks within the outer body to operate between a locked state and an unlocked state. 13. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the plurality of movable hooks are configured to translate in a juxtaposed position about a central axis. 14. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the plurality of movable hooks are a unitary mechanism. 15. The cam lock system of claim 14, wherein the unitary mechanism is coupled to the cam mechanism for translational motion into and out of the lockable frame structure. 16. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the plurality of movable hooks protrude through the outer body in a horizontal plane and are offset with respect to each other in the horizontal plane. 17. The cam lock system of claim 15, wherein the coupling comprises a connector rod inserted within the unitary mechanism and the cam mechanism. 18. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the cam mechanism includes an exterior surface and an interior surface with the exterior surface having a threaded surface configured to engage the interior surface having a threaded surface of the rotatable dial for translational motion. 19. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the unitary mechanism is a flat spring. 20. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the outer body includes at least two protrusions configured to prevent rotation of the outer body when the cam lock is inserted and rotated while disposed within the lockable frame structure. 21. The cam lock system of claim 12, wherein the rotatable dial is a rotatable hand crank dial configured to lock against the lockable frame structure via the plurality of hooks with a quarter clockwise hand turn by a user and to unlock the plurality of hooks with a quarter counter-clockwise hand turn by the user. 22. The cam lock of claim 12, wherein the rotatable dial is a tool crank dial configured to receive a tool to cause the tool crank dial to rotate where the rotation is configured to cause the plurality of hooks to lock with a quarter clockwise tooled turn by a user and to cause the plurality of hooks to unlock with a quarter counter-clockwise tooled turn by the user. | 3,600 |
341,514 | 16,801,827 | 3,647 | Device for storing energy, using a physical object, such as a mass or buoyant object floating in fluid. A mass is repositioned to greater altitude in a gravitational field to a position of higher potential energy. A buoyant object is forcibly submerged into a fluid, displacing fluid, to a position of higher potential energy. The stored potential energy may be recovered with extremely low loss regardless of the state of charge of the system, or length of time of the storage. Maintaining the charge is indefinitely lossless. | 1) An energy storage device comprising: a first shaft comprising an input end and an output end to input rotational kinetic energy to be stored;
a main shaft comprising an input end and an output end; a transmission operably connected to the output end of the first shaft and to the input end of the main shaft such that the transmission can change a rotation ratio between the first shaft and the main shaft; a gear rigidly connected to the main shaft such that rotation of the main shaft causes rotation of the gear; a storage unit comprising an object to be displaced vertically such that potential energy due to gravity can be increased, the object being operably connected to the gear; a rack operably connected to the gear such that the rotation of the gear displaces the object vertically; a second shaft comprising an input end and an output end to output the stored energy; a second transmission operably connected to the output end of the main shaft and to the input end of the second shaft such that the transmission can change the rotation ratio between the main shaft and the second shaft; with the rack operably connected to the gear such that the rotation of the gear displaces the object vertically upward to increase potential energy, wherein the object is a massive object. 2) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a wind turbine operably connected such that the wind turbine can rotate the first shaft. 3) An energy storage device as in claim 1 where the input end of the first shaft operably connected to a power take-off shaft of a diesel tractor such that the diesel tractor can rotate the first shaft. 4) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a hydraulic motor operably connected such that the hydraulic motor can rotate the first shaft. 5) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a pneumatic motor operably connected such that the pneumatic motor can rotate the first shaft. 6) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a electric motor operably connected such that the electric motor can rotate the first shaft. 7) An energy storage device as in claim 1, where the output end of the second shaft is operably connected to factory machinery such that the second shaft can rotate the factory machinery. | Device for storing energy, using a physical object, such as a mass or buoyant object floating in fluid. A mass is repositioned to greater altitude in a gravitational field to a position of higher potential energy. A buoyant object is forcibly submerged into a fluid, displacing fluid, to a position of higher potential energy. The stored potential energy may be recovered with extremely low loss regardless of the state of charge of the system, or length of time of the storage. Maintaining the charge is indefinitely lossless.1) An energy storage device comprising: a first shaft comprising an input end and an output end to input rotational kinetic energy to be stored;
a main shaft comprising an input end and an output end; a transmission operably connected to the output end of the first shaft and to the input end of the main shaft such that the transmission can change a rotation ratio between the first shaft and the main shaft; a gear rigidly connected to the main shaft such that rotation of the main shaft causes rotation of the gear; a storage unit comprising an object to be displaced vertically such that potential energy due to gravity can be increased, the object being operably connected to the gear; a rack operably connected to the gear such that the rotation of the gear displaces the object vertically; a second shaft comprising an input end and an output end to output the stored energy; a second transmission operably connected to the output end of the main shaft and to the input end of the second shaft such that the transmission can change the rotation ratio between the main shaft and the second shaft; with the rack operably connected to the gear such that the rotation of the gear displaces the object vertically upward to increase potential energy, wherein the object is a massive object. 2) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a wind turbine operably connected such that the wind turbine can rotate the first shaft. 3) An energy storage device as in claim 1 where the input end of the first shaft operably connected to a power take-off shaft of a diesel tractor such that the diesel tractor can rotate the first shaft. 4) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a hydraulic motor operably connected such that the hydraulic motor can rotate the first shaft. 5) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a pneumatic motor operably connected such that the pneumatic motor can rotate the first shaft. 6) An energy storage device as in claim 1 with a electric motor operably connected such that the electric motor can rotate the first shaft. 7) An energy storage device as in claim 1, where the output end of the second shaft is operably connected to factory machinery such that the second shaft can rotate the factory machinery. | 3,600 |
341,515 | 16,801,864 | 2,835 | Dew condensation in a housing of an inverter device can be prevented. The inverter device includes: a housing accommodating a power electronic element and an electrolytic capacitor; an opening formed in the housing; a thermal insulator disposed along a periphery of the opening; and a water jacket having a body portion, and a flow-in pipe and a discharge pipe for cooling water, the water jacket being disposed such that a first surface of the body portion closes the opening from an outside of the housing, with the thermal insulator interposed therebetween. The power electronic element is mounted on the first surface of the body portion, and the electrolytic capacitor is mounted in the housing so as to be in contact with an inner surface of the housing. | 1. An inverter device comprising:
a housing accommodating a power electronic element and an electrolytic capacitor; an opening formed in the housing; a thermal insulator disposed along a periphery of the opening; and a water jacket having a body portion, and a flow-in pipe and a discharge pipe for cooling water, the water jacket being disposed such that a first surface of the body portion closes the opening from an outside of the housing, with the thermal insulator interposed therebetween, wherein the power electronic element is mounted on the first surface of the body portion, and the electrolytic capacitor is mounted in the housing so as to be in contact with an inner surface of the housing. 2. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulator is formed of resin or ceramic. 3. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulator is an air space. 4. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein the body portion is formed of materials that are different in thermal conductivity, and the power electronic element is mounted on a part, of the body portion, that is formed of the material having a higher thermal conductivity. 5. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein the body portion is formed of materials that are different in thermal conductivity, and the power electronic element is mounted on a part, of the body portion, that is formed of the material having a higher thermal conductivity. 6. The inverter device according to claim 3, wherein the body portion is formed of materials that are different in thermal conductivity, and the power electronic element is mounted on a part, of the body portion, that is formed of the material having a higher thermal conductivity. 7. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein a metallic cooling plate having a size that does not exceed a size of the power electronic element is disposed in a part, of the body portion, on which the power electronic element is mounted. 8. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein a metallic cooling plate having a size that does not exceed a size of the power electronic element is disposed in a part, of the body portion, on which the power electronic element is mounted. 9. The inverter device according to claim 3, wherein a metallic cooling plate having a size that does not exceed a size of the power electronic element is disposed in a part, of the body portion, on which the power electronic element is mounted. 10. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein a fin for heat dissipation is formed on an outer surface of the housing. 11. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein a fin for heat dissipation is formed on an outer surface of the housing. 12. The inverter device according to claim 3, wherein a fin for heat dissipation is formed on an outer surface of the housing. 13. The inverter device according to claim 10, wherein the fin has a shape of a plate or a circular column. 14. The inverter device according to claim 11, wherein the fin has a shape of a plate or a circular column. 15. The inverter device according to claim 12, wherein the fin has a shape of a plate or a circular column. 16. The inverter device according to claim 10, wherein an eave portion is formed so as to extend from the body portion and cover the fin without being in contact with either of the fin and the housing. 17. The inverter device according to claim 13, wherein an eave portion is formed so as to extend from the body portion and cover the fin without being in contact with either of the fin and the housing. 18. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein an amount of supply of cooling water to the water jacket is controlled according to a temperature of the power electronic element. 19. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein an amount of supply of cooling water to the water jacket is controlled according to a temperature of the power electronic element. 20. The inverter device according to claim 18, wherein supply of cooling water is stopped or the amount of the supply is reduced if the temperature of the power electronic element becomes lower than an outside air temperature. | Dew condensation in a housing of an inverter device can be prevented. The inverter device includes: a housing accommodating a power electronic element and an electrolytic capacitor; an opening formed in the housing; a thermal insulator disposed along a periphery of the opening; and a water jacket having a body portion, and a flow-in pipe and a discharge pipe for cooling water, the water jacket being disposed such that a first surface of the body portion closes the opening from an outside of the housing, with the thermal insulator interposed therebetween. The power electronic element is mounted on the first surface of the body portion, and the electrolytic capacitor is mounted in the housing so as to be in contact with an inner surface of the housing.1. An inverter device comprising:
a housing accommodating a power electronic element and an electrolytic capacitor; an opening formed in the housing; a thermal insulator disposed along a periphery of the opening; and a water jacket having a body portion, and a flow-in pipe and a discharge pipe for cooling water, the water jacket being disposed such that a first surface of the body portion closes the opening from an outside of the housing, with the thermal insulator interposed therebetween, wherein the power electronic element is mounted on the first surface of the body portion, and the electrolytic capacitor is mounted in the housing so as to be in contact with an inner surface of the housing. 2. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulator is formed of resin or ceramic. 3. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulator is an air space. 4. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein the body portion is formed of materials that are different in thermal conductivity, and the power electronic element is mounted on a part, of the body portion, that is formed of the material having a higher thermal conductivity. 5. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein the body portion is formed of materials that are different in thermal conductivity, and the power electronic element is mounted on a part, of the body portion, that is formed of the material having a higher thermal conductivity. 6. The inverter device according to claim 3, wherein the body portion is formed of materials that are different in thermal conductivity, and the power electronic element is mounted on a part, of the body portion, that is formed of the material having a higher thermal conductivity. 7. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein a metallic cooling plate having a size that does not exceed a size of the power electronic element is disposed in a part, of the body portion, on which the power electronic element is mounted. 8. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein a metallic cooling plate having a size that does not exceed a size of the power electronic element is disposed in a part, of the body portion, on which the power electronic element is mounted. 9. The inverter device according to claim 3, wherein a metallic cooling plate having a size that does not exceed a size of the power electronic element is disposed in a part, of the body portion, on which the power electronic element is mounted. 10. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein a fin for heat dissipation is formed on an outer surface of the housing. 11. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein a fin for heat dissipation is formed on an outer surface of the housing. 12. The inverter device according to claim 3, wherein a fin for heat dissipation is formed on an outer surface of the housing. 13. The inverter device according to claim 10, wherein the fin has a shape of a plate or a circular column. 14. The inverter device according to claim 11, wherein the fin has a shape of a plate or a circular column. 15. The inverter device according to claim 12, wherein the fin has a shape of a plate or a circular column. 16. The inverter device according to claim 10, wherein an eave portion is formed so as to extend from the body portion and cover the fin without being in contact with either of the fin and the housing. 17. The inverter device according to claim 13, wherein an eave portion is formed so as to extend from the body portion and cover the fin without being in contact with either of the fin and the housing. 18. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein an amount of supply of cooling water to the water jacket is controlled according to a temperature of the power electronic element. 19. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein an amount of supply of cooling water to the water jacket is controlled according to a temperature of the power electronic element. 20. The inverter device according to claim 18, wherein supply of cooling water is stopped or the amount of the supply is reduced if the temperature of the power electronic element becomes lower than an outside air temperature. | 2,800 |
341,516 | 16,801,868 | 2,835 | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and, using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation. | 1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and, using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive agent composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition user interface, the cognitive agent composition user interface being implemented to provide a visual representation of individual operations associated with composition of a particular cognitive agent. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive agent comprises an integration layer, the integration layer being implemented to provide of data to a particular cognitive agent from the plurality of data sources and a user interface. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the integration layer comprises cognitive agent user interface module, the cognitive agent user interface module being implemented to provide a user interface to a particular cognitive agent, the user interface comprising at least one of a web user interface, a mobile device user interface and a stationary device user interface. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive agent is composed of a cognitive skill. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and,
using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive agent composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition user interface, the cognitive agent composition user interface being implemented to provide a visual representation of individual operations associated with composition of a particular cognitive agent. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive agent comprises an integration layer, the integration layer being implemented to provide of data to a particular cognitive agent from the plurality of data sources and a user interface. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein:
the integration layer comprises cognitive agent user interface module, the cognitive agent user interface module being implemented to provide a user interface to a particular cognitive agent, the user interface comprising at least one of a web user interface, a mobile device user interface and a stationary device user interface. 11. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive agent is composed of a cognitive skill. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and, using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive agent composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition user interface, the cognitive agent composition user interface being implemented to provide a visual representation of individual operations associated with composition of a particular cognitive agent. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive agent comprises an integration layer, the integration layer being implemented to provide of data to a particular cognitive agent from the plurality of data sources and a user interface. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein:
the integration layer comprises cognitive agent user interface module, the cognitive agent user interface module being implemented to provide a user interface to a particular cognitive agent, the user interface comprising at least one of a web user interface, a mobile device user interface and a stationary device user interface. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive agent is composed of a cognitive skill. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and, using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation.1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and, using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive agent composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition user interface, the cognitive agent composition user interface being implemented to provide a visual representation of individual operations associated with composition of a particular cognitive agent. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive agent comprises an integration layer, the integration layer being implemented to provide of data to a particular cognitive agent from the plurality of data sources and a user interface. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the integration layer comprises cognitive agent user interface module, the cognitive agent user interface module being implemented to provide a user interface to a particular cognitive agent, the user interface comprising at least one of a web user interface, a mobile device user interface and a stationary device user interface. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive agent is composed of a cognitive skill. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and,
using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive agent composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition user interface, the cognitive agent composition user interface being implemented to provide a visual representation of individual operations associated with composition of a particular cognitive agent. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive agent comprises an integration layer, the integration layer being implemented to provide of data to a particular cognitive agent from the plurality of data sources and a user interface. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein:
the integration layer comprises cognitive agent user interface module, the cognitive agent user interface module being implemented to provide a user interface to a particular cognitive agent, the user interface comprising at least one of a web user interface, a mobile device user interface and a stationary device user interface. 11. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive agent is composed of a cognitive skill. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive agent, the cognitive agent being composed via a cognitive agent composition platform, the cognitive agent performing a task, the cognitive agent performing the task with non-specific guidance from a user, the cognitive agent learning from each interaction with the data and the user; and, using the cognitive agent to generate a cognitive insight, the cognitive agent comprising a deployable module, the deployable module comprising logic, data and models for implementing an augmented intelligence operation. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive agent composition platform comprises a cognitive agent composition user interface, the cognitive agent composition user interface being implemented to provide a visual representation of individual operations associated with composition of a particular cognitive agent. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive agent comprises an integration layer, the integration layer being implemented to provide of data to a particular cognitive agent from the plurality of data sources and a user interface. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein:
the integration layer comprises cognitive agent user interface module, the cognitive agent user interface module being implemented to provide a user interface to a particular cognitive agent, the user interface comprising at least one of a web user interface, a mobile device user interface and a stationary device user interface. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive agent is composed of a cognitive skill. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | 2,800 |
341,517 | 16,801,839 | 2,835 | A set of small molecules ERα biomodulators that kill therapy-resistant ERα positive breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer cells. These small molecules have increased therapeutic potential because of an increased ability to kill therapy-resistant breast cancer cells compared to BHPI and other conventional therapies (endocrine therapies, tamoxifen and fulvestrant/ICI). The new compounds do not only inhibit proliferation of the cancer cells but actually kills them, which prevents reactivation of tumors years later. | 1. A compound of Formula I: 2. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is the (S)-enantiomer. 3. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is the (R)-enantiomer. 4. The compound of claim 1 wherein RA, RB, RC and RD are each independently H or -(C1-C6)alkyl, and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently H, halo, or -(C1-C6)alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1 wherein A1, A2, A3 and A4 are each independently H or halo, and G1 is —ORB. 6. The compound of claim 1 wherein X is —NRD and Z is O. 7. The compound of claim 1 wherein R1 is CH3, CH2CH3, CF3, CHF2, CH2CF3, CF2CH3, or CF2CF3. 8. The compound of claim 1 wherein G1 is —ORB, and RB is CH3, CH2CH3, CF3, CHF2, CH2CF3, CF2CH3, or CF2CF3. 9. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is a compound of Formula II or Formula III: 10. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is a compound of Formula IV: 11. The compound of claim 1 wherein one or more hydrogen atoms is deuterium or tritium, one or more carbon atoms is a carbon isotope, or a combination thereof. 12. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is any one of compounds (S)- or (R)-2, 4, 6, 8 or 105: 13. The compound of claim 12 wherein the compound is levorotatory. 14. The compound of claim 12 wherein the compound is dextrorotatory. 15. The compound of claim 12 wherein the compound is (R)-105 or (S)-105. 16. The compound of claim 15 wherein the compound is (R)-105. 17. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound has a binding affinity for the alpha estrogen receptor (ERα), and the IC50 of the binding affinity is less than about 500 nM. 18. A composition comprising the compound of claim 1 and a second drug. 19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier, excipient, or buffer. 20. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19 wherein the compound is a racemic mixture of (R)-105 and (S)-105: 21. A method of treating a cancer comprising administering to an ERα positive cancer subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1, thereby treating the cancer in the subject. 22. The method of claim 21 wherein the compound kills or inhibits growth of ERα positive cancer by hyperactivation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum. 23. The method of claim 21 wherein the compound is a racemic mixture of (R)-105 and (S)-105: 24. The method of claim 21 wherein the ERα positive cancer is a breast cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, cervical carcinoma, or endometrial cancer. 25. The method of claim 21 wherein the compound is administered orally or by injection. | A set of small molecules ERα biomodulators that kill therapy-resistant ERα positive breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer cells. These small molecules have increased therapeutic potential because of an increased ability to kill therapy-resistant breast cancer cells compared to BHPI and other conventional therapies (endocrine therapies, tamoxifen and fulvestrant/ICI). The new compounds do not only inhibit proliferation of the cancer cells but actually kills them, which prevents reactivation of tumors years later.1. A compound of Formula I: 2. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is the (S)-enantiomer. 3. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is the (R)-enantiomer. 4. The compound of claim 1 wherein RA, RB, RC and RD are each independently H or -(C1-C6)alkyl, and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently H, halo, or -(C1-C6)alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1 wherein A1, A2, A3 and A4 are each independently H or halo, and G1 is —ORB. 6. The compound of claim 1 wherein X is —NRD and Z is O. 7. The compound of claim 1 wherein R1 is CH3, CH2CH3, CF3, CHF2, CH2CF3, CF2CH3, or CF2CF3. 8. The compound of claim 1 wherein G1 is —ORB, and RB is CH3, CH2CH3, CF3, CHF2, CH2CF3, CF2CH3, or CF2CF3. 9. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is a compound of Formula II or Formula III: 10. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is a compound of Formula IV: 11. The compound of claim 1 wherein one or more hydrogen atoms is deuterium or tritium, one or more carbon atoms is a carbon isotope, or a combination thereof. 12. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound is any one of compounds (S)- or (R)-2, 4, 6, 8 or 105: 13. The compound of claim 12 wherein the compound is levorotatory. 14. The compound of claim 12 wherein the compound is dextrorotatory. 15. The compound of claim 12 wherein the compound is (R)-105 or (S)-105. 16. The compound of claim 15 wherein the compound is (R)-105. 17. The compound of claim 1 wherein the compound has a binding affinity for the alpha estrogen receptor (ERα), and the IC50 of the binding affinity is less than about 500 nM. 18. A composition comprising the compound of claim 1 and a second drug. 19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier, excipient, or buffer. 20. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19 wherein the compound is a racemic mixture of (R)-105 and (S)-105: 21. A method of treating a cancer comprising administering to an ERα positive cancer subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1, thereby treating the cancer in the subject. 22. The method of claim 21 wherein the compound kills or inhibits growth of ERα positive cancer by hyperactivation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum. 23. The method of claim 21 wherein the compound is a racemic mixture of (R)-105 and (S)-105: 24. The method of claim 21 wherein the ERα positive cancer is a breast cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, cervical carcinoma, or endometrial cancer. 25. The method of claim 21 wherein the compound is administered orally or by injection. | 2,800 |
341,518 | 16,801,851 | 2,835 | The present invention relates to a process for assessing stress relaxation in a dental arch-appliance orthodontic system. The information about stress relaxation in the clear aligner-arch system helps monitor the orthodontic treatment progress translated in teeth displacements and improve both patient's treatment compliance and timely treatment completion. The present invention relates to the efficacy of clear aligners by measuring or displaying the magnitude of residual stresses in the arch-aligner system. The measured magnitude of residual is indicative of the teeth displacement and the appropriate time to move to the next stage of the aligner treatment plan. | 1. A removable orthodontic appliance, having at least one reference marker applied thereto, wherein the at least one reference marker comprises a mechanochromic material, preferably a piezochromic material. 2. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 wherein the at least one reference marker is a graphic printed element. 3. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 2 wherein the graphic printed element is designed such that detection by eye is rendered possible. 4. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 2 wherein the graphic printed element is only visible under light other than white light. 5. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, where the mechanochromic material is an organic chromophore dispersed in polymer matrix, an inorganic solid, or a liquid crystal element. 6. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, wherein the orthodontic appliance has a calibration device mounted thereto which is configured to standardize the displacement measurements. 7. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 6, wherein the calibration device can be adjusted by a user to monitor changes of a tooth position. 8. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 having at least one element of the group of sensors and actuators attached or included thereto, wherein the element is configured to communicate with a patient's portable device. 9. A set for aligning teeth with a removable orthodontic appliance, wherein the set comprises:
a plurality of removable orthodontic appliances having at least one reference marker applied thereto, wherein the at least one reference marker comprises a mechanochromic material; or at least one removable orthodontic appliance and at least one reference marker comprising a mechanochromic material. 10. A non-transitory computer readable medium, having a computer program logic recorded thereon which when executed by a processor causes a device to:
receive data corresponding to at least one image taken by a portable device for image acquisition, wherein the at least one image depicts a removable orthodontic appliance and at least one of
a reference marker applied thereto; and
a reference marker applied to a tooth or gingiva area of a patient.
compare the received data corresponding to the at least one image to reference data corresponding to a reference image. 11. Non-transitory computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor, causes the device to:
receive data corresponding to a stress level in the removable orthodontic appliances, wherein a piezochromic material, a piezochromic coating or a piezochromic ink embedded in a matrix is used as a pressure sensor or differential pressure sensor in a removable orthodontic appliance; and measure or monitor the said stress level. 12. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to
assess stress relaxation in the removable orthodontic appliance based on at least one of a positioning and an optical property of the reference marker. 13. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to
super-impose the acquired images and compare the acquired images to extract information about at least one of
a stress relaxation in the removable orthodontic appliance; and
a displacement of the patient's teeth. 14. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to
display the results of the image comparison for monitoring an orthodontic treatment. 15. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to:
super-impose the acquired images and compare the images to extract information about at least one of
a stress relaxation in the orthodontic appliances; and
a displacement of the patient's teeth. 16. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to display the results of the image comparison for monitoring an orthodontic treatment. 17. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to share the data with a different electronic device for data processing. 18. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the device is a patient's smartphone, a patient's tablet computer or any other portable device. 19. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to remind a patient to retrieve an image depicting a removable orthodontic appliance and at least one of
a reference marker applied thereto; and a reference marker applied to a tooth or gingiva area of a patient;
on a regular basis. 20. A set for aligning teeth with a removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 9, wherein the set additionally comprises a non-transitory computer readable medium having a computer program logic recorded thereon which when executed by a processor causes a device to:
receive data corresponding to at least one image taken by a portable device for image acquisition, wherein the at least one image depicts a removable orthodontic appliance and at least one of
a reference marker applied thereto; and
a reference marker applied to a tooth or gingiva area of a patient.
compare the received data corresponding to the at least one image to reference data corresponding to a reference image. | The present invention relates to a process for assessing stress relaxation in a dental arch-appliance orthodontic system. The information about stress relaxation in the clear aligner-arch system helps monitor the orthodontic treatment progress translated in teeth displacements and improve both patient's treatment compliance and timely treatment completion. The present invention relates to the efficacy of clear aligners by measuring or displaying the magnitude of residual stresses in the arch-aligner system. The measured magnitude of residual is indicative of the teeth displacement and the appropriate time to move to the next stage of the aligner treatment plan.1. A removable orthodontic appliance, having at least one reference marker applied thereto, wherein the at least one reference marker comprises a mechanochromic material, preferably a piezochromic material. 2. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 wherein the at least one reference marker is a graphic printed element. 3. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 2 wherein the graphic printed element is designed such that detection by eye is rendered possible. 4. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 2 wherein the graphic printed element is only visible under light other than white light. 5. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, where the mechanochromic material is an organic chromophore dispersed in polymer matrix, an inorganic solid, or a liquid crystal element. 6. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, wherein the orthodontic appliance has a calibration device mounted thereto which is configured to standardize the displacement measurements. 7. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 6, wherein the calibration device can be adjusted by a user to monitor changes of a tooth position. 8. Removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 1 having at least one element of the group of sensors and actuators attached or included thereto, wherein the element is configured to communicate with a patient's portable device. 9. A set for aligning teeth with a removable orthodontic appliance, wherein the set comprises:
a plurality of removable orthodontic appliances having at least one reference marker applied thereto, wherein the at least one reference marker comprises a mechanochromic material; or at least one removable orthodontic appliance and at least one reference marker comprising a mechanochromic material. 10. A non-transitory computer readable medium, having a computer program logic recorded thereon which when executed by a processor causes a device to:
receive data corresponding to at least one image taken by a portable device for image acquisition, wherein the at least one image depicts a removable orthodontic appliance and at least one of
a reference marker applied thereto; and
a reference marker applied to a tooth or gingiva area of a patient.
compare the received data corresponding to the at least one image to reference data corresponding to a reference image. 11. Non-transitory computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor, causes the device to:
receive data corresponding to a stress level in the removable orthodontic appliances, wherein a piezochromic material, a piezochromic coating or a piezochromic ink embedded in a matrix is used as a pressure sensor or differential pressure sensor in a removable orthodontic appliance; and measure or monitor the said stress level. 12. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to
assess stress relaxation in the removable orthodontic appliance based on at least one of a positioning and an optical property of the reference marker. 13. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to
super-impose the acquired images and compare the acquired images to extract information about at least one of
a stress relaxation in the removable orthodontic appliance; and
a displacement of the patient's teeth. 14. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to
display the results of the image comparison for monitoring an orthodontic treatment. 15. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to:
super-impose the acquired images and compare the images to extract information about at least one of
a stress relaxation in the orthodontic appliances; and
a displacement of the patient's teeth. 16. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to display the results of the image comparison for monitoring an orthodontic treatment. 17. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to share the data with a different electronic device for data processing. 18. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the device is a patient's smartphone, a patient's tablet computer or any other portable device. 19. Computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the computer program logic recorded thereon when executed by a processor additionally causes the device to remind a patient to retrieve an image depicting a removable orthodontic appliance and at least one of
a reference marker applied thereto; and a reference marker applied to a tooth or gingiva area of a patient;
on a regular basis. 20. A set for aligning teeth with a removable orthodontic appliance according to claim 9, wherein the set additionally comprises a non-transitory computer readable medium having a computer program logic recorded thereon which when executed by a processor causes a device to:
receive data corresponding to at least one image taken by a portable device for image acquisition, wherein the at least one image depicts a removable orthodontic appliance and at least one of
a reference marker applied thereto; and
a reference marker applied to a tooth or gingiva area of a patient.
compare the received data corresponding to the at least one image to reference data corresponding to a reference image. | 2,800 |
341,519 | 16,801,840 | 2,835 | A spinal implant configured for positioning within a space between adjacent vertebral bodies includes an upper end plate including an outer surface extending between first and second end surfaces and opposed side surfaces. The outer surface includes a first convex profile extending between the first and second end surfaces and a second convex profile extending between the opposed side surfaces. The first convex profile and the second convex profile have different curvatures. The spinal implant further includes a lower end plate and a core disposed between the upper and lower end plates and coupled thereto. A method of assembling a spinal implant and a method of performing spinal surgery are also disclosed. | 1. A method of assembling a spinal implant, comprising:
selecting an upper end plate and a lower end plate, each including an outer surface extending between first and second end surfaces and opposed side surfaces, wherein the outer surface of each of the upper and lower end plates includes a first convex profile extending between the first and second end surfaces and a second convex profile extending between the opposed side surfaces, the first convex profile and the second convex profile having different curvatures, the upper and lower end plates further including a respective inner surface extending between the first and second end surfaces and opposed side surfaces, the inner surfaces including a coupling recess defined therein; selecting a core configured to releasably engage a retaining groove defined in a peripheral sidewall of each respective coupling recess; advancing the core within the coupling recess of the upper end plate; sliding the core in a distal direction to engage the retaining groove of the upper end plate; advancing a first retaining rod within a first lumen defined through one of the opposed side surfaces of the upper end plate; deforming the first retaining rod to secure the core within the coupling recess of the upper end plate; advancing an opposite end of the core within the coupling recess of the lower end plate; sliding the core in a distal direction to engage the retaining groove of the lower end plate; advancing a second retaining rod within a second lumen defined through one of the opposed side surfaces of the lower end plate; and deforming the second retaining rod to secure the core within the coupling recess of the lower end plate. 2. The method of claim 1, further including inserting a tool within a through-bore defined through respective outer surfaces of upper and lower end plates to deform each of the first and second retaining rods. | A spinal implant configured for positioning within a space between adjacent vertebral bodies includes an upper end plate including an outer surface extending between first and second end surfaces and opposed side surfaces. The outer surface includes a first convex profile extending between the first and second end surfaces and a second convex profile extending between the opposed side surfaces. The first convex profile and the second convex profile have different curvatures. The spinal implant further includes a lower end plate and a core disposed between the upper and lower end plates and coupled thereto. A method of assembling a spinal implant and a method of performing spinal surgery are also disclosed.1. A method of assembling a spinal implant, comprising:
selecting an upper end plate and a lower end plate, each including an outer surface extending between first and second end surfaces and opposed side surfaces, wherein the outer surface of each of the upper and lower end plates includes a first convex profile extending between the first and second end surfaces and a second convex profile extending between the opposed side surfaces, the first convex profile and the second convex profile having different curvatures, the upper and lower end plates further including a respective inner surface extending between the first and second end surfaces and opposed side surfaces, the inner surfaces including a coupling recess defined therein; selecting a core configured to releasably engage a retaining groove defined in a peripheral sidewall of each respective coupling recess; advancing the core within the coupling recess of the upper end plate; sliding the core in a distal direction to engage the retaining groove of the upper end plate; advancing a first retaining rod within a first lumen defined through one of the opposed side surfaces of the upper end plate; deforming the first retaining rod to secure the core within the coupling recess of the upper end plate; advancing an opposite end of the core within the coupling recess of the lower end plate; sliding the core in a distal direction to engage the retaining groove of the lower end plate; advancing a second retaining rod within a second lumen defined through one of the opposed side surfaces of the lower end plate; and deforming the second retaining rod to secure the core within the coupling recess of the lower end plate. 2. The method of claim 1, further including inserting a tool within a through-bore defined through respective outer surfaces of upper and lower end plates to deform each of the first and second retaining rods. | 2,800 |
341,520 | 16,801,836 | 2,835 | A system trains a generator unit and a discriminator unit simultaneously. The generator unit is configured to determine a future trajectory of at least one other road user in the environment of a vehicle considering an observed trajectory of the at least one other road user. The discriminator unit is configured to determine whether the determined future trajectory of the other road user is an actual future trajectory of the other road user. The system is configured to train the generator unit and the discriminator unit simultaneously with gradient descent. | 1. A system, comprising:
a generator unit and a discriminator unit, wherein said generator unit is configured to determine a future trajectory of at least one other road user in an environment of a vehicle considering an observed trajectory of the at least one other road user, wherein said discriminator unit is configured to determine whether the determined future trajectory of the at least one other road user is an actual future trajectory of the at least one other road user, and wherein said system is configured to train said generator unit and said discriminator unit simultaneously with gradient descent. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the other road user is a vulnerable road user. 3. A system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an oracle unit, wherein said oracle unit is configured to determine a reward for the determined future trajectory of the at least one other road user considering whether the determined future trajectory of the other road user is collision-free, and wherein said system is configured to train said generator unit considering the reward determined by the oracle unit. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein
the generator unit is configured to determine the future trajectory of the at least one other road user considering at least one static object in the environment of the other road user. 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein
the generator unit is configured to determine the future trajectory of the other road user considering the relative location of the at least one static object. 6. The system according to claim 4, wherein
the generator unit is configured to determine the future trajectory of the other road user considering at least one dynamic object in the environment of the other road user. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein
the generator unit comprises an encoder unit, with said encoder unit configured to map an observed trajectory of the other road user to a common embedding space. 8. The system according to claim 7, wherein
the encoder unit comprises a long short-term memory unit. 9. The system according to claim 7, wherein
the generator unit comprises a decoder unit, with said decoder unit configured to determine the future trajectory of the other road user considering the common embedding space. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein
the decoder unit comprises a long short-term memory unit. 11. A generator unit trained by the system according to claim 1. 12. A computer implemented method for training a generator unit and a discriminator unit, wherein
said generator unit is configured to determine a future trajectory of at least one other road user in the environment of a vehicle user considering an observed trajectory of the at least one other road user, said discriminator unit is configured to determine whether the determined future trajectory of the other road user is an actual future trajectory of the other road user, the method comprising the step of: training said generator unit and said discriminator unit, wherein said training is carried out simultaneously with gradient descent. | A system trains a generator unit and a discriminator unit simultaneously. The generator unit is configured to determine a future trajectory of at least one other road user in the environment of a vehicle considering an observed trajectory of the at least one other road user. The discriminator unit is configured to determine whether the determined future trajectory of the other road user is an actual future trajectory of the other road user. The system is configured to train the generator unit and the discriminator unit simultaneously with gradient descent.1. A system, comprising:
a generator unit and a discriminator unit, wherein said generator unit is configured to determine a future trajectory of at least one other road user in an environment of a vehicle considering an observed trajectory of the at least one other road user, wherein said discriminator unit is configured to determine whether the determined future trajectory of the at least one other road user is an actual future trajectory of the at least one other road user, and wherein said system is configured to train said generator unit and said discriminator unit simultaneously with gradient descent. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the other road user is a vulnerable road user. 3. A system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an oracle unit, wherein said oracle unit is configured to determine a reward for the determined future trajectory of the at least one other road user considering whether the determined future trajectory of the other road user is collision-free, and wherein said system is configured to train said generator unit considering the reward determined by the oracle unit. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein
the generator unit is configured to determine the future trajectory of the at least one other road user considering at least one static object in the environment of the other road user. 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein
the generator unit is configured to determine the future trajectory of the other road user considering the relative location of the at least one static object. 6. The system according to claim 4, wherein
the generator unit is configured to determine the future trajectory of the other road user considering at least one dynamic object in the environment of the other road user. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein
the generator unit comprises an encoder unit, with said encoder unit configured to map an observed trajectory of the other road user to a common embedding space. 8. The system according to claim 7, wherein
the encoder unit comprises a long short-term memory unit. 9. The system according to claim 7, wherein
the generator unit comprises a decoder unit, with said decoder unit configured to determine the future trajectory of the other road user considering the common embedding space. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein
the decoder unit comprises a long short-term memory unit. 11. A generator unit trained by the system according to claim 1. 12. A computer implemented method for training a generator unit and a discriminator unit, wherein
said generator unit is configured to determine a future trajectory of at least one other road user in the environment of a vehicle user considering an observed trajectory of the at least one other road user, said discriminator unit is configured to determine whether the determined future trajectory of the other road user is an actual future trajectory of the other road user, the method comprising the step of: training said generator unit and said discriminator unit, wherein said training is carried out simultaneously with gradient descent. | 2,800 |
341,521 | 16,801,842 | 2,835 | Methods of deploying an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element. The expandable anterior part is positioned within the vertebral body, and the posterior part may be positioned within the vertebral body. The pedicle fixation element is anchored to the vertebral body. The expandable anterior part is moved relative to the pedicle fixation element, for example, in two degrees of freedom. Movement in a first of the two degrees of freedom is independent from movement in a second of the two degrees of freedom. The expandable anterior part may be translated without being rotated along a main axis of the pedicle fixation element. Filling material may be injected through the posterior part. Rotational movements of the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation element may be locked. | 1. A method of stabilizing, reinforcing or repairing a fracture of a vertebral body with a system including an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element, said method comprising:
positioning the expandable anterior part and the posterior part within the vertebral body; anchoring the pedicle fixation element to the vertebral body; and moving the expandable anterior part in at two degrees of freedom, wherein movement in a first of the two degrees of freedom is independent from movement in a second of the two degrees of freedom. 2. The method of claim 1, where in the step of moving the expandable anterior part further comprises moving the posterior part of the intravertebral implant within a hollow portion of the pedicle fixation, wherein movement of the posterior part within the hollow portion in the first degree of freedom is independent from movement of the posterior part in the second degree of freedom. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein rotational movement of the expandable anterior part is locked relative to the pedicle fixation. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first degree of freedom is translation along a main axis of the pedicle fixation element, and the second degree of freedom is rotation about the main axis. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after the step of moving the expandable anterior part, deploying the intravertebral implant by expanding the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the system further includes an insertion instrument including a working cannula coupled to the pedicle fixation element, and an expansion tube coupled to the posterior part, said method further comprising moving proximally the expansion tube relative to the working cannula to deploy the intravertebral implant. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the system further includes a filling material, said method further comprising injecting the filling material through the posterior part. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the system includes a posterior element, said method further comprising:
securing the posterior element to the posterior part of the intravertebral implant with at least a portion of the posterior element being external to the vertebral body; and securing a rod or artificial ligament to the posterior element. 9. A method of stabilizing, reinforcing or repairing a fracture of a vertebral body with a system including an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element having an external thread, said method comprising:
positioning the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body; anchoring the external thread of the pedicle fixation element to the vertebral body, wherein the expandable anterior part is movable relative to the pedicle fixation in a singular degree of freedom of translation; rotating the pedicle fixation element within the pedicle along a main axis of the pedicle fixation element; translating the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation element along the main axis; thereafter, deploying the intravertebral implant by expanding the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising positioning the posterior part within the vertebral body. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the system further includes an insertion instrument including a working cannula coupled to the pedicle fixation element, and an expansion tube coupled to the posterior part, said method further comprising distally advancing the expansion tube to translate the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation element along the main axis. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising proximally moving the expansion tube relative to the working cannula to deploy the intravertebral implant. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising, after the step of anchoring the pedicle fixation, securing the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation such that the expandable anterior part is no movable relative to the pedicle fixation in the singular degree of freedom. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein the system further includes a filling material, said method further comprising injecting the filling material through the posterior part. 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the system includes a posterior element, said method further comprising:
securing the posterior element to the posterior part of the intravertebral implant with at least a portion of the posterior element being external to the vertebral body; and securing a rod or artificial ligament to the posterior element. 16. The method of claim 9, wherein the system includes a conical cap, said method further comprising positioning the conical cap within the posterior part so as to radially secure the posterior part with the pedicle fixation element. 17. A method of stabilizing, reinforcing or repairing a fracture of a vertebral body with a system including an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element having a posterior inner portion and a hollow anterior inner portion, said method comprising:
positioning the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body; anchoring the pedicle fixation element to the vertebral body; translating without rotation the posterior part of the intravertebral implant within the hollow anterior inner portion of the anterior inner portion with the pedicle fixation element anchored to the vertebral body; and thereafter, deploying the intravertebral implant by expanding the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein rotational movement of the expandable anterior part is locked relative to the pedicle fixation. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the system further includes an insertion instrument including a working cannula coupled to the pedicle fixation element, and an expansion tube coupled to the posterior part, said method further comprising rotating the expansion tube relative to the working cannula. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the system further includes a filling material, said method further comprising injecting the filling material through the posterior part. | Methods of deploying an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element. The expandable anterior part is positioned within the vertebral body, and the posterior part may be positioned within the vertebral body. The pedicle fixation element is anchored to the vertebral body. The expandable anterior part is moved relative to the pedicle fixation element, for example, in two degrees of freedom. Movement in a first of the two degrees of freedom is independent from movement in a second of the two degrees of freedom. The expandable anterior part may be translated without being rotated along a main axis of the pedicle fixation element. Filling material may be injected through the posterior part. Rotational movements of the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation element may be locked.1. A method of stabilizing, reinforcing or repairing a fracture of a vertebral body with a system including an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element, said method comprising:
positioning the expandable anterior part and the posterior part within the vertebral body; anchoring the pedicle fixation element to the vertebral body; and moving the expandable anterior part in at two degrees of freedom, wherein movement in a first of the two degrees of freedom is independent from movement in a second of the two degrees of freedom. 2. The method of claim 1, where in the step of moving the expandable anterior part further comprises moving the posterior part of the intravertebral implant within a hollow portion of the pedicle fixation, wherein movement of the posterior part within the hollow portion in the first degree of freedom is independent from movement of the posterior part in the second degree of freedom. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein rotational movement of the expandable anterior part is locked relative to the pedicle fixation. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first degree of freedom is translation along a main axis of the pedicle fixation element, and the second degree of freedom is rotation about the main axis. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after the step of moving the expandable anterior part, deploying the intravertebral implant by expanding the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the system further includes an insertion instrument including a working cannula coupled to the pedicle fixation element, and an expansion tube coupled to the posterior part, said method further comprising moving proximally the expansion tube relative to the working cannula to deploy the intravertebral implant. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the system further includes a filling material, said method further comprising injecting the filling material through the posterior part. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the system includes a posterior element, said method further comprising:
securing the posterior element to the posterior part of the intravertebral implant with at least a portion of the posterior element being external to the vertebral body; and securing a rod or artificial ligament to the posterior element. 9. A method of stabilizing, reinforcing or repairing a fracture of a vertebral body with a system including an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element having an external thread, said method comprising:
positioning the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body; anchoring the external thread of the pedicle fixation element to the vertebral body, wherein the expandable anterior part is movable relative to the pedicle fixation in a singular degree of freedom of translation; rotating the pedicle fixation element within the pedicle along a main axis of the pedicle fixation element; translating the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation element along the main axis; thereafter, deploying the intravertebral implant by expanding the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising positioning the posterior part within the vertebral body. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the system further includes an insertion instrument including a working cannula coupled to the pedicle fixation element, and an expansion tube coupled to the posterior part, said method further comprising distally advancing the expansion tube to translate the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation element along the main axis. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising proximally moving the expansion tube relative to the working cannula to deploy the intravertebral implant. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising, after the step of anchoring the pedicle fixation, securing the expandable anterior part relative to the pedicle fixation such that the expandable anterior part is no movable relative to the pedicle fixation in the singular degree of freedom. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein the system further includes a filling material, said method further comprising injecting the filling material through the posterior part. 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the system includes a posterior element, said method further comprising:
securing the posterior element to the posterior part of the intravertebral implant with at least a portion of the posterior element being external to the vertebral body; and securing a rod or artificial ligament to the posterior element. 16. The method of claim 9, wherein the system includes a conical cap, said method further comprising positioning the conical cap within the posterior part so as to radially secure the posterior part with the pedicle fixation element. 17. A method of stabilizing, reinforcing or repairing a fracture of a vertebral body with a system including an intravertebral implant having an expandable anterior part, a posterior part coupled to the expandable anterior part, and a pedicle fixation element having a posterior inner portion and a hollow anterior inner portion, said method comprising:
positioning the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body; anchoring the pedicle fixation element to the vertebral body; translating without rotation the posterior part of the intravertebral implant within the hollow anterior inner portion of the anterior inner portion with the pedicle fixation element anchored to the vertebral body; and thereafter, deploying the intravertebral implant by expanding the expandable anterior part within the vertebral body. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein rotational movement of the expandable anterior part is locked relative to the pedicle fixation. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the system further includes an insertion instrument including a working cannula coupled to the pedicle fixation element, and an expansion tube coupled to the posterior part, said method further comprising rotating the expansion tube relative to the working cannula. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the system further includes a filling material, said method further comprising injecting the filling material through the posterior part. | 2,800 |
341,522 | 16,801,782 | 2,835 | Disclosed herein are novel peptides that can comprise antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal or antitumor activity when administered to a subject. | 1.-43. (canceled) 44. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising:
a. a peptide or salt thereof comprising from about 70% to about 100% homology to a polypeptide of sequence: 45.-53. (canceled) 54. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein when the pharmaceutical formulation is administered to a subject, the peptide or salt thereof has a Tmax of from about 1 minute to about 1 hour, a Cmax of at least about 100 ng/mL, an AUC0>24 hour of from about 0.1 μg·hr/L to about 1,000 μg·hr/L, or a combination thereof. 55. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein when the pharmaceutical formulation is administered to a subject, the peptide or salt thereof is substantially localized in a liver, a spleen, or a kidney of the subject. 56. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein when the pharmaceutical formulation is administered to a subject, the peptide or salt thereof has a half-life that is from about 2 hours to about 24 hours. 57.-152. (canceled) 153. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide, a metabolite thereof, or salt thereof exhibits antimicrobial activity against a Streptococcus agalactiae bacteria strain at a minimum inhibitory concentration that is at least two-fold lower than a minimum inhibitory concentration for an antimicrobial activity against a Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria strain in vitro. 154. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide, a metabolite thereof, or salt thereof exhibits antimicrobial activity against a multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria strain at a minimum inhibitory concentration of from about 0.5 μg/mL to about 32 μg/mL in vitro. 155. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide, a metabolite thereof, or salt thereof exhibits antimicrobial activity against a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteria strain at a minimum inhibitory concentration that is at least two-fold lower than a minimum inhibitory concentration for an antimicrobial activity against a vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecium bacteria strain in vitro. 156. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide or salt thereof comprises at least about 95% homology to the polypeptide of sequence Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg Val Arg Arg Val Trp Arg Arg Val Val Arg Val Val Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg (SEQ ID NO: 1). 157. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide or salt thereof comprises the polypeptide of sequence Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg Val Arg Arg Val Trp Arg Arg Val Val Arg Val Val Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg (SEQ ID NO: 1). 158. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the excipient, wherein the excipient is a chelator. 159. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 158, wherein the chelator is a fungicidal chelator. 160. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the diluent, wherein the diluent is an aqueous acid. 161. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the diluent, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is formulated to physiological pH using the diluent. 162. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the diluent, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is formulated to a pH that is not physiological pH using the diluent. 163. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising cysteamine. 164. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising a surfactant. 165. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 164, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearyl fumarate, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycols, a polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative, docusate sodium, a quaternary ammonium compound, a sugar ester of a fatty acid, a glyceride of a fatty acid, and any combination thereof. 166. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising a small molecule selected from the group consisting of imidazole, indole, nitric oxide, a triazole, a phenol, a sulfide, a polysaccharide, a furanone, a bromopyrrole, a salt of any of these, and any combination thereof. 167. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, that is in the form of a tablet, a liquid, a syrup, an oral formulation, an intravenous formulation, an intranasal formulation, an ocular formulation, an otic formulation, a subcutaneous formulation, an inhalable respiratory formulation, or a suppository. 168. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein at least about 80% by weight of the peptide or salt thereof is present at the end of a 2 year period, as determined by:
(a) loading a sample of the peptide or salt thereof on a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a size exclusion column that is at least about 6 inches in length and comprises a silica gel; and (b) performing mass spectroscopy on at least one sample eluted from the size exclusion column; wherein said pharmaceutical formulation is stored in a closed container at 25° C. at 50% atmospheric relative humidity. 169. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising an additional antibiotic. 170. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 169, wherein the additional antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of Ceftobiprole, Ceftaroline, Clindamycin, Dalbavancin, Daptomycin, Linezolid, Mupirocin, Oritavancin, Tedizolid, Telavancin, Tigecycline, Vancomycin, an Aminoglycoside, a Carbapenem, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Ceftobiprole, a Fluoroquinolone, Piperacillin, Ticarcillin, Linezolid, a Streptogramin, Tigecycline, Daptomycin, a salt of any of these, and any combination thereof. 171. A kit comprising the pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44 in a container. 172. The kit of claim 171, further comprising a syringe. 173. A method of making a kit, comprising combining the pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44 with a container. | Disclosed herein are novel peptides that can comprise antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal or antitumor activity when administered to a subject.1.-43. (canceled) 44. A pharmaceutical formulation comprising:
a. a peptide or salt thereof comprising from about 70% to about 100% homology to a polypeptide of sequence: 45.-53. (canceled) 54. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein when the pharmaceutical formulation is administered to a subject, the peptide or salt thereof has a Tmax of from about 1 minute to about 1 hour, a Cmax of at least about 100 ng/mL, an AUC0>24 hour of from about 0.1 μg·hr/L to about 1,000 μg·hr/L, or a combination thereof. 55. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein when the pharmaceutical formulation is administered to a subject, the peptide or salt thereof is substantially localized in a liver, a spleen, or a kidney of the subject. 56. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein when the pharmaceutical formulation is administered to a subject, the peptide or salt thereof has a half-life that is from about 2 hours to about 24 hours. 57.-152. (canceled) 153. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide, a metabolite thereof, or salt thereof exhibits antimicrobial activity against a Streptococcus agalactiae bacteria strain at a minimum inhibitory concentration that is at least two-fold lower than a minimum inhibitory concentration for an antimicrobial activity against a Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria strain in vitro. 154. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide, a metabolite thereof, or salt thereof exhibits antimicrobial activity against a multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria strain at a minimum inhibitory concentration of from about 0.5 μg/mL to about 32 μg/mL in vitro. 155. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide, a metabolite thereof, or salt thereof exhibits antimicrobial activity against a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium bacteria strain at a minimum inhibitory concentration that is at least two-fold lower than a minimum inhibitory concentration for an antimicrobial activity against a vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecium bacteria strain in vitro. 156. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide or salt thereof comprises at least about 95% homology to the polypeptide of sequence Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg Val Arg Arg Val Trp Arg Arg Val Val Arg Val Val Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg (SEQ ID NO: 1). 157. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein the peptide or salt thereof comprises the polypeptide of sequence Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg Val Arg Arg Val Trp Arg Arg Val Val Arg Val Val Arg Arg Trp Val Arg Arg (SEQ ID NO: 1). 158. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the excipient, wherein the excipient is a chelator. 159. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 158, wherein the chelator is a fungicidal chelator. 160. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the diluent, wherein the diluent is an aqueous acid. 161. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the diluent, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is formulated to physiological pH using the diluent. 162. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, comprising the diluent, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation is formulated to a pH that is not physiological pH using the diluent. 163. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising cysteamine. 164. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising a surfactant. 165. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 164, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearyl fumarate, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycols, a polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative, docusate sodium, a quaternary ammonium compound, a sugar ester of a fatty acid, a glyceride of a fatty acid, and any combination thereof. 166. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising a small molecule selected from the group consisting of imidazole, indole, nitric oxide, a triazole, a phenol, a sulfide, a polysaccharide, a furanone, a bromopyrrole, a salt of any of these, and any combination thereof. 167. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, that is in the form of a tablet, a liquid, a syrup, an oral formulation, an intravenous formulation, an intranasal formulation, an ocular formulation, an otic formulation, a subcutaneous formulation, an inhalable respiratory formulation, or a suppository. 168. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, wherein at least about 80% by weight of the peptide or salt thereof is present at the end of a 2 year period, as determined by:
(a) loading a sample of the peptide or salt thereof on a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a size exclusion column that is at least about 6 inches in length and comprises a silica gel; and (b) performing mass spectroscopy on at least one sample eluted from the size exclusion column; wherein said pharmaceutical formulation is stored in a closed container at 25° C. at 50% atmospheric relative humidity. 169. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44, further comprising an additional antibiotic. 170. The pharmaceutical formulation of claim 169, wherein the additional antibiotic is selected from the group consisting of Ceftobiprole, Ceftaroline, Clindamycin, Dalbavancin, Daptomycin, Linezolid, Mupirocin, Oritavancin, Tedizolid, Telavancin, Tigecycline, Vancomycin, an Aminoglycoside, a Carbapenem, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Ceftobiprole, a Fluoroquinolone, Piperacillin, Ticarcillin, Linezolid, a Streptogramin, Tigecycline, Daptomycin, a salt of any of these, and any combination thereof. 171. A kit comprising the pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44 in a container. 172. The kit of claim 171, further comprising a syringe. 173. A method of making a kit, comprising combining the pharmaceutical formulation of claim 44 with a container. | 2,800 |
341,523 | 16,801,855 | 2,835 | A receiving unit receives an execution request for an internal application from an external device. A determining unit determines whether the external device that has transmitted the execution request is set as a communication target of the internal application for which the execution request has been received. If it has been determined that the external device is set as the communication target, a verifying unit verifies a version of the external application executed in the external device. If the verified version is no earlier than a threshold, an execution controlling unit executes the internal application. If the verified version is older than the threshold, an informing unit issues a warning. | 1. An electronic device capable of executing an internal application that operates in cooperation with an external application executed in an external device, the electronic device comprising:
a receiving unit that receives an execution request for the internal application from the external device; a determining unit that determines whether the external device that has transmitted the execution request is set as a communication target of the internal application for which the receiving unit has received the execution request; a verifying unit that verifies a version of the external application executed in the external device if the determining unit has determined that the external device is set as the communication target; an execution controlling unit that executes the internal application if the version verified by the verifying unit is no earlier than a threshold; and an informing unit that issues a warning if the version verified by the verifying unit is older than the threshold. 2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit issues a warning indicating that a connection cannot be established. 3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit issues a warning indicating one or more functions of the internal application are unavailable. 4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit issues a warning prompting for an upgrade of the external application. 5. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit changes a content of the warning in accordance with a difference between the version verified by the verifying unit and the threshold. 6. The electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a communication unit that executes communication with the external device, wherein the communication unit, if a communication quality through a first communication circuit has deteriorated, makes a switch to a second communication circuit different from the first communication circuit. 7. An electronic device capable of executing an internal application that operates in cooperation with an external application executed in an external device, the electronic device comprising:
a receiving unit that receives an execution request for the internal application from a first external device; a determining unit that determines whether the first external device that has transmitted the execution request is set as a communication target of the internal application for which the receiving unit has received the execution request; a controlling unit that executes the internal application if the determining unit has determined that the first external device is set as the communication target; and an informing unit that issues a warning if the receiving unit has received an execution request for the internal application from a second external device and if the determining unit has determined that the second external device is set as the communication target while the controlling unit is executing the internal application in response to the execution request from the first external device. 8. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, the number of external devices for which the receiving unit has received an execution request. 9. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification prompting a user to select one of the first external device and the second external device. 10. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification informing that the electronic device is to be connected to a last-connected one of the first external device and the second external device. 11. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification prompting a user to select whether to execute the internal application that operates in cooperation with the external application executed in the second external device. 12. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification prompting a user to select whether to execute the internal application that operates in cooperation with the external application executed in the second external device or to charge the second external device. 13. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues a notification prompting a user to set the second external device as the communication target if the determining unit has determined that the second external device is not set as the communication target. 14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein the informing unit issues a notification on an amount of remaining battery in the second external device. | A receiving unit receives an execution request for an internal application from an external device. A determining unit determines whether the external device that has transmitted the execution request is set as a communication target of the internal application for which the execution request has been received. If it has been determined that the external device is set as the communication target, a verifying unit verifies a version of the external application executed in the external device. If the verified version is no earlier than a threshold, an execution controlling unit executes the internal application. If the verified version is older than the threshold, an informing unit issues a warning.1. An electronic device capable of executing an internal application that operates in cooperation with an external application executed in an external device, the electronic device comprising:
a receiving unit that receives an execution request for the internal application from the external device; a determining unit that determines whether the external device that has transmitted the execution request is set as a communication target of the internal application for which the receiving unit has received the execution request; a verifying unit that verifies a version of the external application executed in the external device if the determining unit has determined that the external device is set as the communication target; an execution controlling unit that executes the internal application if the version verified by the verifying unit is no earlier than a threshold; and an informing unit that issues a warning if the version verified by the verifying unit is older than the threshold. 2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit issues a warning indicating that a connection cannot be established. 3. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit issues a warning indicating one or more functions of the internal application are unavailable. 4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit issues a warning prompting for an upgrade of the external application. 5. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the informing unit changes a content of the warning in accordance with a difference between the version verified by the verifying unit and the threshold. 6. The electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a communication unit that executes communication with the external device, wherein the communication unit, if a communication quality through a first communication circuit has deteriorated, makes a switch to a second communication circuit different from the first communication circuit. 7. An electronic device capable of executing an internal application that operates in cooperation with an external application executed in an external device, the electronic device comprising:
a receiving unit that receives an execution request for the internal application from a first external device; a determining unit that determines whether the first external device that has transmitted the execution request is set as a communication target of the internal application for which the receiving unit has received the execution request; a controlling unit that executes the internal application if the determining unit has determined that the first external device is set as the communication target; and an informing unit that issues a warning if the receiving unit has received an execution request for the internal application from a second external device and if the determining unit has determined that the second external device is set as the communication target while the controlling unit is executing the internal application in response to the execution request from the first external device. 8. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, the number of external devices for which the receiving unit has received an execution request. 9. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification prompting a user to select one of the first external device and the second external device. 10. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification informing that the electronic device is to be connected to a last-connected one of the first external device and the second external device. 11. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification prompting a user to select whether to execute the internal application that operates in cooperation with the external application executed in the second external device. 12. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues, as the warning, a notification prompting a user to select whether to execute the internal application that operates in cooperation with the external application executed in the second external device or to charge the second external device. 13. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein the informing unit issues a notification prompting a user to set the second external device as the communication target if the determining unit has determined that the second external device is not set as the communication target. 14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein the informing unit issues a notification on an amount of remaining battery in the second external device. | 2,800 |
341,524 | 16,801,846 | 3,661 | A system for controlling a vehicle by jointly estimating a state of a vehicle and a function of a tire friction of a vehicle traveling on a road uses a particle filter maintaining a set of particles. Each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle. The system executes the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands. A control command is generated based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles. | 1. A system for controlling a vehicle by jointly estimating a state of a vehicle and a function of a tire friction of a vehicle traveling on a road, wherein the tire friction function is a nonlinear function describing a friction between a surface of the road and a tire of the vehicle as a function of wheel slip of a wheel of the vehicle, wherein the state of the vehicle includes a velocity and a heading rate of the vehicle, comprising:
a memory configured to store a particle filter maintaining a set of particles, each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle; a processor configured to
execute the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands; and
generate a control command based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles; and
submit the control command to at least one actuator of the vehicle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein, to update a particle, the particle filter is configured to
update the state of the particle using the motion model, a sample of the pdf of the tire friction function, and the control input; compare the updated state of the particle with the measurement of the state to update the weight of the particle; and update the pdf of the tire friction function of the particle based on the updated state of the particle. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the pdf of the tire friction function of the particle is updated to reduce a difference between the updated state of the particle and a state determined according to the measurement model with the measurement of the state. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the updated state of the particle is updated probabilistically subject to noise, and wherein the particle filter is configured to update the pdf of the tire friction function based on a difference between the probabilistically updated state of the particle and a state of the particle updated deterministically without the noise to reduce an error between the updated state of the vehicle and the measurement of the state. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the measurement model of the vehicle includes the tire friction function, and wherein the updated state of the vehicle is updated based on a difference between the updated state of the particle subject to noise and the measurement of the state using the measurement model including the sample of the tire friction function. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the PDF of the tire friction function for each particle is a Gaussian process represented as a weighted combination of a set of basis functions, wherein each weight of each function has a Gaussian probability distribution, and wherein to update the PDF of the tire friction function the processor is configured to update the Gaussian probability distribution of at least some weights of the weighted combination of the set of basis functions. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the processor for each particle is configured to
update the weights of the weighted combination of basis functions based on the updated state; and update the PDF of the tire friction function using the combination of the basis function weighted with the updated weights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the processor, to determine the weights of the weighted combination of basis functions for each particle is configured to
submit the state and the basis functions to a static function mapping the state and the basis function to a set of numerical values; determine, using a probabilistic function and the set of numerical values, distributions of the weights of the weighted combination of basis function; and sample the mean of the distributions of the weights to produce the weights of the weighted combination of basis functions. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the probabilistic function is a matrix-Normal distribution parametrized by the numerical values. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to
adjust a value of the sample of the tire friction function to reduce an error between the state and a measurement of the state according to the measurement model; and update the probability distribution of the tire friction function to increase a probability of drawing the adjusted value of the sample from the updated probability distribution of the tire friction function. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to
fit parameters of a parameterized tire model to the sample of the tire friction function; determine a control command using a current friction corresponding to a current slip of the tire according to the parameterized tire model; and submit the control command to an actuator of the vehicle to move the vehicle on the road. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the parametrized tire model is a Pacejka tire model, and wherein the controller is a model predictive controller (MPC) configured to determine the control command using the motion model of the vehicle including the friction. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the control input include commands specifying values of one or combination of a steering angle of the wheels of the vehicle and a rotational velocity of the wheels, and wherein the measurements include values of one or combination of a rotation rate of the vehicle and an acceleration of the vehicle, and wherein the state trajectories include a sequence of states, each state includes a velocity and a heading rate of the vehicle, such that the motion model relates the value of the control inputs to a first value of the state of the vehicle through dynamics of the vehicle at consecutive time steps, and the measurement model relates the value of the measurement to a second value of the state of the vehicle at the same time step. 14. A method for controlling a vehicle by jointly estimating a state of a vehicle and a function of a tire friction of a vehicle traveling on a road, wherein the tire friction function is a nonlinear function describing a friction between a surface of the road and a tire of the vehicle as a function of wheel slip of a wheel of the vehicle, wherein the state of the vehicle includes a velocity and a heading rate of the vehicle, wherein the method uses a processor coupled to a memory storing a particle filter maintaining a set of particles, each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle, wherein the processor is coupled with stored instructions implementing the method, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor carry out steps of the method, comprising:
executing the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands; generating a control command based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles; and submitting the control command to at least one actuator of the vehicle. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein, to update a particle, the particle filter is configured for
updating the state of the particle using the motion model, a sample of the pdf of the tire friction function, and the control input; comparing the updated state with the measurement of the state to update the weight of the particle; and updating the pdf of the tire friction function of the particle based on the updated state particle. 16. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium embodied thereon a program executable by a processor for performing a method, the medium stores a particle filter maintaining a set of particles, each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle, the method comprising:
executing the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands; generating a control command based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles; and submitting the control command to at least one actuator of the vehicle. | A system for controlling a vehicle by jointly estimating a state of a vehicle and a function of a tire friction of a vehicle traveling on a road uses a particle filter maintaining a set of particles. Each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle. The system executes the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands. A control command is generated based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles.1. A system for controlling a vehicle by jointly estimating a state of a vehicle and a function of a tire friction of a vehicle traveling on a road, wherein the tire friction function is a nonlinear function describing a friction between a surface of the road and a tire of the vehicle as a function of wheel slip of a wheel of the vehicle, wherein the state of the vehicle includes a velocity and a heading rate of the vehicle, comprising:
a memory configured to store a particle filter maintaining a set of particles, each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle; a processor configured to
execute the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands; and
generate a control command based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles; and
submit the control command to at least one actuator of the vehicle. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein, to update a particle, the particle filter is configured to
update the state of the particle using the motion model, a sample of the pdf of the tire friction function, and the control input; compare the updated state of the particle with the measurement of the state to update the weight of the particle; and update the pdf of the tire friction function of the particle based on the updated state of the particle. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the pdf of the tire friction function of the particle is updated to reduce a difference between the updated state of the particle and a state determined according to the measurement model with the measurement of the state. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the updated state of the particle is updated probabilistically subject to noise, and wherein the particle filter is configured to update the pdf of the tire friction function based on a difference between the probabilistically updated state of the particle and a state of the particle updated deterministically without the noise to reduce an error between the updated state of the vehicle and the measurement of the state. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the measurement model of the vehicle includes the tire friction function, and wherein the updated state of the vehicle is updated based on a difference between the updated state of the particle subject to noise and the measurement of the state using the measurement model including the sample of the tire friction function. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the PDF of the tire friction function for each particle is a Gaussian process represented as a weighted combination of a set of basis functions, wherein each weight of each function has a Gaussian probability distribution, and wherein to update the PDF of the tire friction function the processor is configured to update the Gaussian probability distribution of at least some weights of the weighted combination of the set of basis functions. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the processor for each particle is configured to
update the weights of the weighted combination of basis functions based on the updated state; and update the PDF of the tire friction function using the combination of the basis function weighted with the updated weights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the processor, to determine the weights of the weighted combination of basis functions for each particle is configured to
submit the state and the basis functions to a static function mapping the state and the basis function to a set of numerical values; determine, using a probabilistic function and the set of numerical values, distributions of the weights of the weighted combination of basis function; and sample the mean of the distributions of the weights to produce the weights of the weighted combination of basis functions. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the probabilistic function is a matrix-Normal distribution parametrized by the numerical values. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to
adjust a value of the sample of the tire friction function to reduce an error between the state and a measurement of the state according to the measurement model; and update the probability distribution of the tire friction function to increase a probability of drawing the adjusted value of the sample from the updated probability distribution of the tire friction function. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to
fit parameters of a parameterized tire model to the sample of the tire friction function; determine a control command using a current friction corresponding to a current slip of the tire according to the parameterized tire model; and submit the control command to an actuator of the vehicle to move the vehicle on the road. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the parametrized tire model is a Pacejka tire model, and wherein the controller is a model predictive controller (MPC) configured to determine the control command using the motion model of the vehicle including the friction. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the control input include commands specifying values of one or combination of a steering angle of the wheels of the vehicle and a rotational velocity of the wheels, and wherein the measurements include values of one or combination of a rotation rate of the vehicle and an acceleration of the vehicle, and wherein the state trajectories include a sequence of states, each state includes a velocity and a heading rate of the vehicle, such that the motion model relates the value of the control inputs to a first value of the state of the vehicle through dynamics of the vehicle at consecutive time steps, and the measurement model relates the value of the measurement to a second value of the state of the vehicle at the same time step. 14. A method for controlling a vehicle by jointly estimating a state of a vehicle and a function of a tire friction of a vehicle traveling on a road, wherein the tire friction function is a nonlinear function describing a friction between a surface of the road and a tire of the vehicle as a function of wheel slip of a wheel of the vehicle, wherein the state of the vehicle includes a velocity and a heading rate of the vehicle, wherein the method uses a processor coupled to a memory storing a particle filter maintaining a set of particles, each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle, wherein the processor is coupled with stored instructions implementing the method, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor carry out steps of the method, comprising:
executing the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands; generating a control command based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles; and submitting the control command to at least one actuator of the vehicle. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein, to update a particle, the particle filter is configured for
updating the state of the particle using the motion model, a sample of the pdf of the tire friction function, and the control input; comparing the updated state with the measurement of the state to update the weight of the particle; and updating the pdf of the tire friction function of the particle based on the updated state particle. 16. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium embodied thereon a program executable by a processor for performing a method, the medium stores a particle filter maintaining a set of particles, each particle includes an estimation of a state of the vehicle, an estimation of probability density function (pdf) of the tire friction function, and a weight indicative of a probability of the particle, the method comprising:
executing the particle filter to update the particles based on a motion model and a measurement model of the vehicle, control commands moving the vehicle and measurements of the state where the vehicle moved according to the control commands; generating a control command based on the motion of the vehicle, the weighted combinations of the state of the vehicle and the pdf of the tire friction function weighted according corresponding weights of the particles; and submitting the control command to at least one actuator of the vehicle. | 3,600 |
341,525 | 16,801,860 | 2,169 | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and, promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment. | 1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and, promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
each of the plurality of phases has at least one of associated input artifacts, associated roles and associated output artifacts. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a data sourcing phase, the data sourcing phase performing data discovery operations on the data from the plurality of data sources. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the data sourcing phase comprises a data engineering operation, the data engineering operation preparing the data from the plurality of data sources for use by a cognitive agent development phase. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a cognitive agent development phase, the cognitive agent development phase developing a machine learning model associated with the cognitive process. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the cognitive agent development phase comprises composing a cognitive skill and composing a cognitive agent. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and,
promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
each of the plurality of phases has at least one of associated input artifacts, associated roles and associated output artifacts. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a data sourcing phase, the data sourcing phase performing data discovery operations on the data from the plurality of data sources. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein:
the data sourcing phase comprises a data engineering operation, the data engineering operation preparing the data from the plurality of data sources for use by a cognitive agent development phase. 11. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a cognitive agent development phase, the cognitive agent development phase developing a machine learning model associated with the cognitive process. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein:
the cognitive agent development phase comprises composing a cognitive skill and composing a cognitive agent. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and, promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
each of the plurality of phases has at least one of associated input artifacts, associated roles and associated output artifacts. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a data sourcing phase, the data sourcing phase performing data discovery operations on the data from the plurality of data sources. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein:
the data sourcing phase comprises a data engineering operation, the data engineering operation preparing the data from the plurality of data sources for use by a cognitive agent development phase. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a cognitive agent development phase, the cognitive agent development phase developing a machine learning model associated with the cognitive process. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein:
the cognitive agent development phase comprises composing a cognitive skill and composing a cognitive agent. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and, promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment.1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and, promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
each of the plurality of phases has at least one of associated input artifacts, associated roles and associated output artifacts. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a data sourcing phase, the data sourcing phase performing data discovery operations on the data from the plurality of data sources. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the data sourcing phase comprises a data engineering operation, the data engineering operation preparing the data from the plurality of data sources for use by a cognitive agent development phase. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a cognitive agent development phase, the cognitive agent development phase developing a machine learning model associated with the cognitive process. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the cognitive agent development phase comprises composing a cognitive skill and composing a cognitive agent. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and,
promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
each of the plurality of phases has at least one of associated input artifacts, associated roles and associated output artifacts. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a data sourcing phase, the data sourcing phase performing data discovery operations on the data from the plurality of data sources. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein:
the data sourcing phase comprises a data engineering operation, the data engineering operation preparing the data from the plurality of data sources for use by a cognitive agent development phase. 11. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a cognitive agent development phase, the cognitive agent development phase developing a machine learning model associated with the cognitive process. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein:
the cognitive agent development phase comprises composing a cognitive skill and composing a cognitive agent. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive process, the cognitive process being developed via a plurality of phases; and, promoting the cognitive process from one operational environment to another operational environment. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
each of the plurality of phases has at least one of associated input artifacts, associated roles and associated output artifacts. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a data sourcing phase, the data sourcing phase performing data discovery operations on the data from the plurality of data sources. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein:
the data sourcing phase comprises a data engineering operation, the data engineering operation preparing the data from the plurality of data sources for use by a cognitive agent development phase. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the plurality of phases comprise a cognitive agent development phase, the cognitive agent development phase developing a machine learning model associated with the cognitive process. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein:
the cognitive agent development phase comprises composing a cognitive skill and composing a cognitive agent. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | 2,100 |
341,526 | 16,801,863 | 2,169 | A computer-implemented method for generating a corresponding 3D mesh representing a 3D object, includes transforming an initial three-dimensional mesh into a planar mesh, wherein each vertex or edge of the planar mesh is a transformation of a vertex or edge from the initial three-dimensional mesh; and sampling the planar mesh to generate a plurality of samples such that each sample comprises a three-dimensional coordinate representing a point in a three-dimensional space derived and/or taken directly from the initial three-dimensional mesh, and a coordinate representing a position of the sample relative to other samples; and generating the sampled matrix based on the plurality of samples; and representing the sampled matrix as a corresponding 3D mesh. | 1. A computer-implemented method for generating a corresponding 3D mesh representing a 3D object, the method comprising
transforming an initial three-dimensional mesh into a planar mesh, the initial three-dimensional mesh comprising a first set of vertices and edges and the planar mesh comprising a second set of vertices and edges, wherein each vertex of the second set of vertices is a transformation of a vertex from the first set of vertices and comprises values of the vertex from the first set of vertices, and each edge of the second set of edges is a transformation of an edge from the first set of edges and comprises values of the edge from the first set of edges; sampling the planar mesh to generate a plurality of samples such that each sample from the plurality of samples comprises a three-dimensional coordinate comprising three numerical values representing a point in a three-dimensional space where the three numerical values are derived and/or taken directly from the initial three-dimensional mesh, and a coordinate comprising numerical values representing a position of the sample relative to other samples of the plurality of samples; generating a sampled matrix based on the plurality of samples; and representing the sampled matrix as the corresponding 3D mesh, where the corresponding 3D mesh is a consistently connected mesh, where the consistently connected mesh has a consistent number of neighboring vertices for each vertex, unless said each vertex is on the boundary of the consistent connected mesh. 2. A method according to claim 1, further comprising moving at least one vertex of the planar mesh based on its distance from a center and/or boundary of the planar mesh. 3. A method according to claim 1, further comprising sampling the planar mesh with an irregular lattice. 4. A method according to claim 1, where the planar mesh is a unit circle. 5. A method according to claim 4, further comprising sampling the planar mesh is based on polar coordinates. 6. A method according to claim 1, further comprising a parametrization of the sampled matrix,
wherein the parametrization finds at least one parameter that can represent or manipulate the characteristics of the corresponding 3D mesh of the sampled matrix. 7. A method according to claim 6, further comprising generating a transformed 3D mesh, wherein the transformed 3D mesh is generated by changing at least one value of the at least one parameter to transform the corresponding 3D mesh. 8. A method according to claim 1, further comprising fitting a 3D model mesh to at least partially match a second scan of a physical object, comprising the steps of:
selecting an initial model by user choice; translating the initial model into the initial 3D model mesh; transforming the initial 3D model mesh into a transformed 3D mesh; and using the transformed 3D mesh as the 3D model mesh, where the 3D model mesh is a closer fit the second scan than the initial 3D model mesh. 9. A method according to claim 1, further comprising selecting a 3D model mesh to at least partially match a second scan, comprising the steps of:
generating a plurality of initial 3D model meshes from a plurality of initial models, wherein each of the plurality of initial 3D model meshes is derived from one of the plurality of initial models; selecting an initial 3D model mesh from the plurality of initial 3D model meshes that most closely fits the second scan; transforming the initial 3D model mesh into a transformed 3D mesh; and using the transformed 3D mesh as the 3D model mesh, wherein the 3D model mesh is a closer fit the second scan than the initial three-dimensional mesh. 10. A method according to claim 1, further comprising selecting a 3D model mesh to at least partially match a second scan, comprising the steps of:
generating a plurality of transformed 3D meshes from at least one initial 3D model mesh of at least one initial model; and selecting the transformed 3D mesh from the plurality of transformed 3D meshes with the closest fit to the second scan as the 3D model mesh. 11. A method according to claim 1, where the 3D model mesh is used to estimate an unscanned area and/or faultily scanned area. | A computer-implemented method for generating a corresponding 3D mesh representing a 3D object, includes transforming an initial three-dimensional mesh into a planar mesh, wherein each vertex or edge of the planar mesh is a transformation of a vertex or edge from the initial three-dimensional mesh; and sampling the planar mesh to generate a plurality of samples such that each sample comprises a three-dimensional coordinate representing a point in a three-dimensional space derived and/or taken directly from the initial three-dimensional mesh, and a coordinate representing a position of the sample relative to other samples; and generating the sampled matrix based on the plurality of samples; and representing the sampled matrix as a corresponding 3D mesh.1. A computer-implemented method for generating a corresponding 3D mesh representing a 3D object, the method comprising
transforming an initial three-dimensional mesh into a planar mesh, the initial three-dimensional mesh comprising a first set of vertices and edges and the planar mesh comprising a second set of vertices and edges, wherein each vertex of the second set of vertices is a transformation of a vertex from the first set of vertices and comprises values of the vertex from the first set of vertices, and each edge of the second set of edges is a transformation of an edge from the first set of edges and comprises values of the edge from the first set of edges; sampling the planar mesh to generate a plurality of samples such that each sample from the plurality of samples comprises a three-dimensional coordinate comprising three numerical values representing a point in a three-dimensional space where the three numerical values are derived and/or taken directly from the initial three-dimensional mesh, and a coordinate comprising numerical values representing a position of the sample relative to other samples of the plurality of samples; generating a sampled matrix based on the plurality of samples; and representing the sampled matrix as the corresponding 3D mesh, where the corresponding 3D mesh is a consistently connected mesh, where the consistently connected mesh has a consistent number of neighboring vertices for each vertex, unless said each vertex is on the boundary of the consistent connected mesh. 2. A method according to claim 1, further comprising moving at least one vertex of the planar mesh based on its distance from a center and/or boundary of the planar mesh. 3. A method according to claim 1, further comprising sampling the planar mesh with an irregular lattice. 4. A method according to claim 1, where the planar mesh is a unit circle. 5. A method according to claim 4, further comprising sampling the planar mesh is based on polar coordinates. 6. A method according to claim 1, further comprising a parametrization of the sampled matrix,
wherein the parametrization finds at least one parameter that can represent or manipulate the characteristics of the corresponding 3D mesh of the sampled matrix. 7. A method according to claim 6, further comprising generating a transformed 3D mesh, wherein the transformed 3D mesh is generated by changing at least one value of the at least one parameter to transform the corresponding 3D mesh. 8. A method according to claim 1, further comprising fitting a 3D model mesh to at least partially match a second scan of a physical object, comprising the steps of:
selecting an initial model by user choice; translating the initial model into the initial 3D model mesh; transforming the initial 3D model mesh into a transformed 3D mesh; and using the transformed 3D mesh as the 3D model mesh, where the 3D model mesh is a closer fit the second scan than the initial 3D model mesh. 9. A method according to claim 1, further comprising selecting a 3D model mesh to at least partially match a second scan, comprising the steps of:
generating a plurality of initial 3D model meshes from a plurality of initial models, wherein each of the plurality of initial 3D model meshes is derived from one of the plurality of initial models; selecting an initial 3D model mesh from the plurality of initial 3D model meshes that most closely fits the second scan; transforming the initial 3D model mesh into a transformed 3D mesh; and using the transformed 3D mesh as the 3D model mesh, wherein the 3D model mesh is a closer fit the second scan than the initial three-dimensional mesh. 10. A method according to claim 1, further comprising selecting a 3D model mesh to at least partially match a second scan, comprising the steps of:
generating a plurality of transformed 3D meshes from at least one initial 3D model mesh of at least one initial model; and selecting the transformed 3D mesh from the plurality of transformed 3D meshes with the closest fit to the second scan as the 3D model mesh. 11. A method according to claim 1, where the 3D model mesh is used to estimate an unscanned area and/or faultily scanned area. | 2,100 |
341,527 | 16,801,853 | 2,169 | Techniques for resegmenting a partition in a distributed stream-processing platform are provided. The techniques include receiving a trigger to move a partition of the distributed stream-processing platform from a first broker on a first set of physical resources to a second broker on a second a set of physical resources. In response to the trigger, the partition is allocated on the second broker, and the first broker is configured to redirect, to the second broker, requests for new messages after a last offset in the partition without replicating older messages before the last offset to the second broker. Idempotent produce metadata for the partition from the first broker is then merged into the second broker. Finally, metadata for processing requests for the partition is updated to include the second broker. | 1. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by one or more hardware processors, causes performance of operations comprising:
receiving metadata comprising:
a new broker for a partition in the distributed stream-processing platform; and
a last offset of messages in the partition that reside on an old broker for the partition;
storing, by a node in an interface layer of a distributed stream-processing platform, a mapping of the partition to the metadata; directing, by the node based on the mapping, a first read request for one or more messages in the partition before the last offset on the old broker to the old broker; and directing, by the node based on the mapping, a second read request for one or more additional messages after the last offset on the old broker to the new broker. 2. The medium of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
directing, by the node based on the mapping, a write request for the partition to the new broker. 3. The medium of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
upon receiving a trigger to move the partition from the old broker to the new broker, allocating the partition on the new broker; and configuring the old broker to redirect, to the new broker, requests for new messages after the last offset in the partition without replicating older messages before the last offset to the new broker. 4. The medium of claim 3, wherein the operations further comprise:
configuring the old broker to process read requests for old messages before the last offset in the partition during a retention period for the old messages. 5. The medium of claim 3, wherein the operations further comprise:
after the old broker is configured to redirect the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker, using idempotent produce metadata for a set of producers of the partition to validate, by the old broker, write requests for the partition; and merging the idempotent produce metadata for the partition from the old broker into the new broker. 6. The medium of claim 5, wherein the idempotent produce metadata comprises:
a producer identifier for a producer; and a latest sequence number for the producer. 7. The medium of claim 3, wherein configuring the old broker to redirect the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker comprises:
updating the old broker with a redirect state and a redirect destination representing the new broker. 8. The medium of claim 3, wherein redirecting the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker comprises:
transmitting, with a request redirected to the new broker, the last offset in the partition for use in setting a base offset for the partition in the new broker. 9. The medium of claim 3, wherein the trigger is received in response to a change in load on the old broker. 10. The medium of claim 1, wherein receiving the metadata comprises:
receiving the metadata via a stream in the distributed stream-processing platform. 11. The medium of claim 1, wherein storing the mapping of the partition to the metadata comprises:
storing a cluster containing the new broker in the mapping. 12. The medium of claim 1, wherein storing the mapping of the partition to the metadata comprises:
storing a topic containing the partition in the mapping. 13. A method, comprising:
receiving metadata comprising:
a new broker for a partition in the distributed stream-processing platform; and
a last offset of messages in the partition that reside on an old broker for the partition;
storing, by a node in an interface layer of a distributed stream-processing platform, a mapping of the partition to the metadata; directing, by the node based on the mapping, a first read request for one or more messages in the partition before the last offset on the old broker to the old broker; and directing, by the node based on the mapping, a second read request for one or more additional messages after the last offset on the old broker to the new broker. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
directing, by the node based on the mapping, write requests for the partition to the new broker. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
upon receiving a trigger to move the partition from the old broker to the new broker, allocating the partition on the new broker; configuring the old broker to redirect, to the new broker, requests for new messages after the last offset in the partition without replicating older messages before the last offset to the new broker; and configuring the old broker to process read requests for old messages before the last offset in the partition during a retention period for the old messages. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
after the old broker is configured to redirect the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker, using idempotent produce metadata for a set of producers of the partition to validate, by the old broker, write requests for the partition; and merging the idempotent produce metadata for the partition from the old broker into the new broker. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the idempotent produce metadata comprises:
a producer identifier for a producer; and a latest sequence number for the producer. 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the trigger is received in response to a change in load on the old broker. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein storing the mapping of the partition to the metadata comprises:
storing a cluster containing the new broker and a topic containing the partition in the mapping. 20. An apparatus, comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive metadata comprising:
a new broker for a partition in the distributed stream-processing platform;
a cluster containing the new broker;
a topic containing the partition; and
a last offset of messages in the partition that reside on an old broker for the partition;
store, by a node in an interface layer of a distributed stream-processing platform, a mapping of the partition to the metadata;
direct, by the node based on the mapping, a first read request for one or more messages in the partition before the last offset on the old broker to the old broker;
direct, by the node based on the mapping, a second read request for one or more additional messages after the last offset on the old broker to the new broker; and
direct, by the node based on the mapping, write requests for the partition to the new broker. | Techniques for resegmenting a partition in a distributed stream-processing platform are provided. The techniques include receiving a trigger to move a partition of the distributed stream-processing platform from a first broker on a first set of physical resources to a second broker on a second a set of physical resources. In response to the trigger, the partition is allocated on the second broker, and the first broker is configured to redirect, to the second broker, requests for new messages after a last offset in the partition without replicating older messages before the last offset to the second broker. Idempotent produce metadata for the partition from the first broker is then merged into the second broker. Finally, metadata for processing requests for the partition is updated to include the second broker.1. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by one or more hardware processors, causes performance of operations comprising:
receiving metadata comprising:
a new broker for a partition in the distributed stream-processing platform; and
a last offset of messages in the partition that reside on an old broker for the partition;
storing, by a node in an interface layer of a distributed stream-processing platform, a mapping of the partition to the metadata; directing, by the node based on the mapping, a first read request for one or more messages in the partition before the last offset on the old broker to the old broker; and directing, by the node based on the mapping, a second read request for one or more additional messages after the last offset on the old broker to the new broker. 2. The medium of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
directing, by the node based on the mapping, a write request for the partition to the new broker. 3. The medium of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
upon receiving a trigger to move the partition from the old broker to the new broker, allocating the partition on the new broker; and configuring the old broker to redirect, to the new broker, requests for new messages after the last offset in the partition without replicating older messages before the last offset to the new broker. 4. The medium of claim 3, wherein the operations further comprise:
configuring the old broker to process read requests for old messages before the last offset in the partition during a retention period for the old messages. 5. The medium of claim 3, wherein the operations further comprise:
after the old broker is configured to redirect the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker, using idempotent produce metadata for a set of producers of the partition to validate, by the old broker, write requests for the partition; and merging the idempotent produce metadata for the partition from the old broker into the new broker. 6. The medium of claim 5, wherein the idempotent produce metadata comprises:
a producer identifier for a producer; and a latest sequence number for the producer. 7. The medium of claim 3, wherein configuring the old broker to redirect the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker comprises:
updating the old broker with a redirect state and a redirect destination representing the new broker. 8. The medium of claim 3, wherein redirecting the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker comprises:
transmitting, with a request redirected to the new broker, the last offset in the partition for use in setting a base offset for the partition in the new broker. 9. The medium of claim 3, wherein the trigger is received in response to a change in load on the old broker. 10. The medium of claim 1, wherein receiving the metadata comprises:
receiving the metadata via a stream in the distributed stream-processing platform. 11. The medium of claim 1, wherein storing the mapping of the partition to the metadata comprises:
storing a cluster containing the new broker in the mapping. 12. The medium of claim 1, wherein storing the mapping of the partition to the metadata comprises:
storing a topic containing the partition in the mapping. 13. A method, comprising:
receiving metadata comprising:
a new broker for a partition in the distributed stream-processing platform; and
a last offset of messages in the partition that reside on an old broker for the partition;
storing, by a node in an interface layer of a distributed stream-processing platform, a mapping of the partition to the metadata; directing, by the node based on the mapping, a first read request for one or more messages in the partition before the last offset on the old broker to the old broker; and directing, by the node based on the mapping, a second read request for one or more additional messages after the last offset on the old broker to the new broker. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
directing, by the node based on the mapping, write requests for the partition to the new broker. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
upon receiving a trigger to move the partition from the old broker to the new broker, allocating the partition on the new broker; configuring the old broker to redirect, to the new broker, requests for new messages after the last offset in the partition without replicating older messages before the last offset to the new broker; and configuring the old broker to process read requests for old messages before the last offset in the partition during a retention period for the old messages. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
after the old broker is configured to redirect the requests for the new messages after the last offset in the partition to the new broker, using idempotent produce metadata for a set of producers of the partition to validate, by the old broker, write requests for the partition; and merging the idempotent produce metadata for the partition from the old broker into the new broker. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the idempotent produce metadata comprises:
a producer identifier for a producer; and a latest sequence number for the producer. 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the trigger is received in response to a change in load on the old broker. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein storing the mapping of the partition to the metadata comprises:
storing a cluster containing the new broker and a topic containing the partition in the mapping. 20. An apparatus, comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to:
receive metadata comprising:
a new broker for a partition in the distributed stream-processing platform;
a cluster containing the new broker;
a topic containing the partition; and
a last offset of messages in the partition that reside on an old broker for the partition;
store, by a node in an interface layer of a distributed stream-processing platform, a mapping of the partition to the metadata;
direct, by the node based on the mapping, a first read request for one or more messages in the partition before the last offset on the old broker to the old broker;
direct, by the node based on the mapping, a second read request for one or more additional messages after the last offset on the old broker to the new broker; and
direct, by the node based on the mapping, write requests for the partition to the new broker. | 2,100 |
341,528 | 16,801,856 | 3,715 | Game designing is a process in which the game designers come up with game ideas. It is a creative and iterative process often requires a lot of effort. Existing methods are time consuming process and difficult to engage a person in it for longer duration. An electronic teaching kit and method to design one or more games have been disclosed. The electronic teaching kit enables game designers to generate multiple purposeful game ideas in a short session. The kit involves a framework comprising a set of genre cards, component cards and an interconnection is required between them to generate a coherent game idea. Further, the idea of game design is validated by all the designers participating the game designing session and using predefined conditions. | 1. A method for designing games using an electronic teaching kit, the method comprising a processor implemented steps of:
selecting an administrator, wherein the administrator having an access to a framework of the electronic teaching kit to initiate a game design session, wherein the framework comprises a number of idea mat corresponding to a number of designers participating, a set of component cards and a set of genre card; inviting the number of designers participating to use the teaching kit; picking a genre card by each of the designers; picking a designer intentions card by each of the designers, wherein the designer intentions card is one of the component cards; distributing three component cards to each of the designers by the administrator; picking one component card from the set of component cards by each of the designers for two turns, resulting in accumulation of six component cards and one genre card with each of the one or more designers; picking the component card by from the set of component cards each of the designers and replacing it with their existing cards until a set of six essential component cards are accumulated; designing the game by each of the designers separately using their genre card, wherein the game is designed by establishing a link between the game genre card and the six essential component cards; submitting the designed game by the one of the one or more designers for validation; and validating the designed game as valid by the other designers if a predefined condition is met. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predefined condition is presence of all the component cards and a valid linkage between the component cards and the genre card. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the framework further comprising a claim token configured to be used to claim the component card from the other designers during the step of picking the component cards during the initial two turns. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of selecting a default data set of editing the dataset by the administrator before the start of game design. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the administrator is configured to add a maximum of 5 designers to be involved in the electronic teaching kit. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of component cards comprises designer intentions cards, game structure cards, game dynamics cards, game resources cards, player interaction cards and player experience cards. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the framework further comprising a set of changer cards. 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of logging in to the framework either as the administrator or the designer before using the teaching kit. 9. An electronic teaching kit for designing games, the teaching kit comprises:
a display screen displaying a framework, wherein the framework is accessed by an administrator, the framework further comprises:
a number of idea mats, wherein the number of idea mats correspond to a number of designers participating,
a set of component cards, and
a set of genre card;
a memory; a processor in communication with the memory; and at least one user interface, wherein the number of user interface is corresponding to the number of designers participating, the user interface configured to be operated by their respective designers, and the idea mats is displayed on the user interfaces for the designers to interact with;
picking a genre card by each of the number of designers;
picking a designer intentions card by each of the number of designer, wherein the designer intentions card is one of the component cards;
distributing three component cards to each of the number of designers by the administrator;
picking one component card from the set of component cards by each of the designers for two turns, resulting in accumulation of six component cards and one genre card with each of the number of designers;
picking the component card by from the set of component cards each of the number of designers and replacing it with their existing cards until a set of six essential component cards are accumulated;
designing the game by each of the number of designers separately using their genre card, wherein the game is designed by establishing a link between the game genre card and the six essential component cards;
submitting the designed game by the one of the number of designers for validation; and
validating the designed game as valid by the other designers if a predefined condition is met. 10. One or more non-transitory machine readable information storage mediums comprising one or more instructions which when executed by one or more hardware processors cause managing a plurality of events, the instructions cause:
selecting an administrator, wherein the administrator having an access to a framework of the electronic teaching kit to initiate a game design session, wherein the framework comprises a number of idea mat corresponding to a number of designers participating, a set of component cards and a set of genre card; inviting the number of designers participating to use the teaching kit; picking a genre card by each of the designers; picking a designer intentions card by each of the designers, wherein the designer intentions card is one of the component cards; distributing three component cards to each of the designers by the administrator; picking one component card from the set of component cards by each of the designers for two turns, resulting in accumulation of six component cards and one genre card with each of the one or more designers; picking the component card by from the set of component cards each of the designers and replacing it with their existing cards until a set of six essential component cards are accumulated; designing the game by each of the designers separately using their genre card, wherein the game is designed by establishing a link between the game genre card and the six essential component cards; submitting the designed game by the one of the one or more designers for validation; and validating the designed game as valid by the other designers if a predefined condition is met. | Game designing is a process in which the game designers come up with game ideas. It is a creative and iterative process often requires a lot of effort. Existing methods are time consuming process and difficult to engage a person in it for longer duration. An electronic teaching kit and method to design one or more games have been disclosed. The electronic teaching kit enables game designers to generate multiple purposeful game ideas in a short session. The kit involves a framework comprising a set of genre cards, component cards and an interconnection is required between them to generate a coherent game idea. Further, the idea of game design is validated by all the designers participating the game designing session and using predefined conditions.1. A method for designing games using an electronic teaching kit, the method comprising a processor implemented steps of:
selecting an administrator, wherein the administrator having an access to a framework of the electronic teaching kit to initiate a game design session, wherein the framework comprises a number of idea mat corresponding to a number of designers participating, a set of component cards and a set of genre card; inviting the number of designers participating to use the teaching kit; picking a genre card by each of the designers; picking a designer intentions card by each of the designers, wherein the designer intentions card is one of the component cards; distributing three component cards to each of the designers by the administrator; picking one component card from the set of component cards by each of the designers for two turns, resulting in accumulation of six component cards and one genre card with each of the one or more designers; picking the component card by from the set of component cards each of the designers and replacing it with their existing cards until a set of six essential component cards are accumulated; designing the game by each of the designers separately using their genre card, wherein the game is designed by establishing a link between the game genre card and the six essential component cards; submitting the designed game by the one of the one or more designers for validation; and validating the designed game as valid by the other designers if a predefined condition is met. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predefined condition is presence of all the component cards and a valid linkage between the component cards and the genre card. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the framework further comprising a claim token configured to be used to claim the component card from the other designers during the step of picking the component cards during the initial two turns. 4. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of selecting a default data set of editing the dataset by the administrator before the start of game design. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the administrator is configured to add a maximum of 5 designers to be involved in the electronic teaching kit. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of component cards comprises designer intentions cards, game structure cards, game dynamics cards, game resources cards, player interaction cards and player experience cards. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the framework further comprising a set of changer cards. 8. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of logging in to the framework either as the administrator or the designer before using the teaching kit. 9. An electronic teaching kit for designing games, the teaching kit comprises:
a display screen displaying a framework, wherein the framework is accessed by an administrator, the framework further comprises:
a number of idea mats, wherein the number of idea mats correspond to a number of designers participating,
a set of component cards, and
a set of genre card;
a memory; a processor in communication with the memory; and at least one user interface, wherein the number of user interface is corresponding to the number of designers participating, the user interface configured to be operated by their respective designers, and the idea mats is displayed on the user interfaces for the designers to interact with;
picking a genre card by each of the number of designers;
picking a designer intentions card by each of the number of designer, wherein the designer intentions card is one of the component cards;
distributing three component cards to each of the number of designers by the administrator;
picking one component card from the set of component cards by each of the designers for two turns, resulting in accumulation of six component cards and one genre card with each of the number of designers;
picking the component card by from the set of component cards each of the number of designers and replacing it with their existing cards until a set of six essential component cards are accumulated;
designing the game by each of the number of designers separately using their genre card, wherein the game is designed by establishing a link between the game genre card and the six essential component cards;
submitting the designed game by the one of the number of designers for validation; and
validating the designed game as valid by the other designers if a predefined condition is met. 10. One or more non-transitory machine readable information storage mediums comprising one or more instructions which when executed by one or more hardware processors cause managing a plurality of events, the instructions cause:
selecting an administrator, wherein the administrator having an access to a framework of the electronic teaching kit to initiate a game design session, wherein the framework comprises a number of idea mat corresponding to a number of designers participating, a set of component cards and a set of genre card; inviting the number of designers participating to use the teaching kit; picking a genre card by each of the designers; picking a designer intentions card by each of the designers, wherein the designer intentions card is one of the component cards; distributing three component cards to each of the designers by the administrator; picking one component card from the set of component cards by each of the designers for two turns, resulting in accumulation of six component cards and one genre card with each of the one or more designers; picking the component card by from the set of component cards each of the designers and replacing it with their existing cards until a set of six essential component cards are accumulated; designing the game by each of the designers separately using their genre card, wherein the game is designed by establishing a link between the game genre card and the six essential component cards; submitting the designed game by the one of the one or more designers for validation; and validating the designed game as valid by the other designers if a predefined condition is met. | 3,700 |
341,529 | 16,801,861 | 3,715 | A distributed data storage system can connect a customization module to at least one host and a second data storage device via a network controller. The customization module may disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device prior to assessing a security operation of the first data storage device with the customization module, generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed security operation, implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one security parameter of the first data storage device, and then connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device to allow at least one data access to be executed to the first data storage device with the altered at least one security parameter. | 1. A method comprising:
connecting a customization module to distributed data storage system, the distributed data storage system comprising at least one host connected to a first data storage device and a second data storage device via a network controller; disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device; assessing a security operation of the first data storage device with the customization module; generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed security operation; implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one security parameter of the first data storage device; connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device; and executing at least one data access to the first data storage device with the altered at least one security parameter. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the assessed security operation is encryption of data by the first data storage device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the assessed security operation is compression of data by the first data storage device. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one security parameter is an addition of data encryption. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one security parameter is an addition of a certificate for data access. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the customization module is resident in a printed circuit board connected to a port of the first data storage device, the printed circuit board being separate and external to the first data storage device when not connected to the port of the first data storage device. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the customization module supplements security operation of the first data storage device with a controller of the customization module resident on the printed circuit board. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the at least one security parameter is requiring the physical connection of the printed circuit board to the first data storage device to allow the at least one data access operation. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the at least one data access operation stores data on the printed circuit board and in memory of the first data storage device. 10. The method of claim 6, wherein the customization module automatically and autonomously installs onto the first data storage device upon physical connection to the port of the first data storage device. 11. A method comprising:
connecting a customization module to distributed data storage system, the distributed data storage system comprising at least one host connected to a first data storage device and a second data storage device via a network controller; disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device; assessing a data access operation of the first data storage device with the customization module; generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed data access operation; implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one data access parameter of the first data storage device; connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device; and executing at least one data access to the first data storage device with the altered at least one data access parameter. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one data access parameter supplements a controller of the first data storage device with a controller of the customization module to execute the at least one data access. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the customization module is resident on a printed circuit board connected to a port of the first data storage device, the printed circuit board being separate and external to the first data storage device when not connected to the port of the first data storage device. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the controller of the customization module has a greater processing capability than the controller of the first data storage device. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the customization module generates and implements the optimization strategy while the first data storage device has no data connection to the second data storage device or to the host. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the second data storage device conducts at least one data access from the host while the first data storage device is disconnected from the host and second data device. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one data access parameter is a data maintenance setting altered in response to a data access performance predicted by the customization module. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one data access parameter is how data is refreshed when not being accessed by any host external to the first data storage device. 19. An system comprising a first data storage device connected to a second data storage device and a host as part of a distributed data storage system, a customization module connected to the first data storage device and configured to disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device prior to assessing a security operation of the first data storage device with the customization module, generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed security operation, implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one security parameter of the first data storage device, and connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device in order to execute at least one data access to the first data storage device with the altered at least one security parameter. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the customization module resides on a printed circuit board physically connected to a port of the first data storage device. | A distributed data storage system can connect a customization module to at least one host and a second data storage device via a network controller. The customization module may disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device prior to assessing a security operation of the first data storage device with the customization module, generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed security operation, implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one security parameter of the first data storage device, and then connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device to allow at least one data access to be executed to the first data storage device with the altered at least one security parameter.1. A method comprising:
connecting a customization module to distributed data storage system, the distributed data storage system comprising at least one host connected to a first data storage device and a second data storage device via a network controller; disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device; assessing a security operation of the first data storage device with the customization module; generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed security operation; implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one security parameter of the first data storage device; connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device; and executing at least one data access to the first data storage device with the altered at least one security parameter. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the assessed security operation is encryption of data by the first data storage device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the assessed security operation is compression of data by the first data storage device. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one security parameter is an addition of data encryption. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one security parameter is an addition of a certificate for data access. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the customization module is resident in a printed circuit board connected to a port of the first data storage device, the printed circuit board being separate and external to the first data storage device when not connected to the port of the first data storage device. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the customization module supplements security operation of the first data storage device with a controller of the customization module resident on the printed circuit board. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the at least one security parameter is requiring the physical connection of the printed circuit board to the first data storage device to allow the at least one data access operation. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the at least one data access operation stores data on the printed circuit board and in memory of the first data storage device. 10. The method of claim 6, wherein the customization module automatically and autonomously installs onto the first data storage device upon physical connection to the port of the first data storage device. 11. A method comprising:
connecting a customization module to distributed data storage system, the distributed data storage system comprising at least one host connected to a first data storage device and a second data storage device via a network controller; disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device; assessing a data access operation of the first data storage device with the customization module; generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed data access operation; implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one data access parameter of the first data storage device; connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device; and executing at least one data access to the first data storage device with the altered at least one data access parameter. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one data access parameter supplements a controller of the first data storage device with a controller of the customization module to execute the at least one data access. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the customization module is resident on a printed circuit board connected to a port of the first data storage device, the printed circuit board being separate and external to the first data storage device when not connected to the port of the first data storage device. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the controller of the customization module has a greater processing capability than the controller of the first data storage device. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the customization module generates and implements the optimization strategy while the first data storage device has no data connection to the second data storage device or to the host. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the second data storage device conducts at least one data access from the host while the first data storage device is disconnected from the host and second data device. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one data access parameter is a data maintenance setting altered in response to a data access performance predicted by the customization module. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one data access parameter is how data is refreshed when not being accessed by any host external to the first data storage device. 19. An system comprising a first data storage device connected to a second data storage device and a host as part of a distributed data storage system, a customization module connected to the first data storage device and configured to disconnect the first data storage device from the host and second data storage device prior to assessing a security operation of the first data storage device with the customization module, generating an optimization strategy with the customization module based on the assessed security operation, implementing the optimization strategy in the first data storage device to alter at least one security parameter of the first data storage device, and connecting the first data storage device to the host and second data storage device in order to execute at least one data access to the first data storage device with the altered at least one security parameter. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the customization module resides on a printed circuit board physically connected to a port of the first data storage device. | 3,700 |
341,530 | 16,801,850 | 3,715 | A bearing cage includes a first annular body having a plurality of circumferentially arranged fingers that extending axially therefrom. Each of the fingers have a tab with a first arcuate engagement surface. A second annular body has a plurality of circumferentially arranged finger-receiving holes extending axially and configured to receive the fingers. Each of the holes have an associated second arcuate engagement surface configured to engage with the first arcuate engagement surface when the fingers are received in the holes to secure the first and second bodies together to form the bearing cage. | 1. A bearing cage comprising:
first and second annular bodies connectable to form the bearing cage, each body including:
a plurality of cutouts circumferentially arranged around a front side of the body,
a plurality of rectangular fingers circumferentially arranged around the front side between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially therefrom, each of the fingers having a first planar face with a tab raised therefrom, the tab defining a first arcuate engagement surface such that the tab is axially thickest at a circumferential midpoint of the first engagement surface, and
a plurality of finger-receiving holes having gular cross-sections, the holes big circumferentially arranged around the body between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially from the front side to a back side of the body, each of the holes having an associated second a engagement surface recessed into the back side and configured to engage with the first engagement surface; wherein
the fingers of the first body are disposed in the holes of the second body with the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces engaged, the fingers of the second body are disposed in the holes of the first body with the first and second engagement surfaces engaged, and the cutouts of the first and second bodies cooperate to form pockets configured to receive rolling elements therein. 2. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein the first arcuate engagement surface is convex, and the second arcuate engagement surface is concave. 3. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the rectangular fingers further has a proximal end joined to the body, a distal end, opposing planar sides extending between the proximal and distal ends, and a second planar face extending between the proximal and distal ends and spanning between the opposing sides, wherein the first planar face is opposite the second planar face, extends between the proximal and distal ends, and spans between the opposing sides, and wherein the tabs are formed on the distal ends. 4. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the rectangular fingers further has a proximal end joined to the body, a distal end, opposing planar sides extending between the proximal and distal ends, and a second planar face extending between the proximal and distal ends and spanning between the opposing sides, wherein the first planar face is opposite the second planar face, extends between the proximal and distal ends, and spans between the opposing sides, and wherein the tabs are formed on the distal ends, and each of the first arcuate engagement surfaces extends circumferentially between the opposing sides of a corresponding one of the fingers. 5. The bearing cage of claim 3, wherein, for each of the fingers, the first engagement surface faces the proximal end, extends circumferentially between the opposing sides, and extends radially from the first planar face to a top surface of the tab, and wherein each of the finger-receiving holes includes opposing planar sidewalls, and each of the second engagement surfaces extends circumferentially between the opposing sidewalls of an associated one of the holes. 6. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces have a same radius. 7. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the fingers has a wing, and each of the finger-receiving holes has a wing-receiving slot. 8. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the bodies further includes a plurality of shoulders circumferentially arranged around the front side of the body such that the shoulders and the cutouts alternate around a circumference of the front side, wherein the shoulders include a first set of shoulders that define the holes and a second set of shoulders that support the fingers. 9. The bearing cage of claim 8, wherein the first set of shoulders have pins, and the second set of shoulders define holes that receive the pins therein when the first and second bodies are connected together. 10. The bearing cage of claim 8, wherein the first set of shoulders have a first outer mating face that is axially forward of the back side by a first distance, and the second set of shoulders have a second outer mating face that is axially forward of the back side by a second distance that is less than the first distance, wherein the first and second outer mating faces engage when the first and second bodies are connected together. 11. The bearing cage of claim 10, wherein the first distance plus the second distance is equal to an axial thickness of the bearing cage. 12. The bearing cage of claim 10, wherein the first set of shoulders have a first inner mating face that is axially forward of the back side by third distance, and the second set of shoulders have a second inner mating face that is axially forward of the back side by a fourth distance that is greater than the third distance, wherein the first and second inner mating faces engage when the first and second bodies are connected together. 13. The bearing cage of claim 12, wherein the third distance plus the fourth distance is equal to an axial thickness of the barring cage. 14. The bearing cage of claim 12, wherein the first distance and the fourth distance are equal, and the second distance and the third distance are equal. 15. A bearing cage comprising:
a first annular body including a plurality of circumferentially arranged fingers that extending axially therefrom, each of the fingers having a tab with a first arcuate engagement surface, each finger having a maximum cross-sectional area in the region of the tab; and a second annular body including a plurality of circumferentially arranged finger-receiving holes extending axially each completely through a thickness of the second annular body, each finger-receiving hole having a minimum cross-section no less than the maximum cross-section area of the fingers so as to receive the fingers, each of the holes having an associated second arcuate engagement surface configured to engage with the first arcuate engagement surface when the fingers are received in the holes to secure the first and second bodies together to form the bearing cage. 16. The bearing cage of claim 15, wherein the first arcuate engagement surface is convex, and the second arcuate engagement surface is concave. 17. The bearing cage of claim 15, wherein the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces have a same radius. 18. The bearing cage of claim 15, wherein the second annular body further includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged fingers extending axially therefrom, and the first annular body further includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged finger-receiving holes extending axially and configured to receive the fingers of the second annular body. 19. A rolling bearing comprising:
an inner race; an outer race; a bearing cage radially disposed between the inner and outer races, the cage including first and second annular bodies connectable to form the bearing cage, each body including:
a plurality of cutouts circumferentially arranged around a front side of the body,
a plurality of rectangular fingers circumferentially arranged around the front side between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially therefrom, each of the fingers having a first planar face with a tab raised therefrom, the tab defining a first arcuate engagement surface such that the tab is axially thickest as at a mid-point of the engagement surface, and
a plurality of finger-receiving holes having rectangular cross-sections, the holes being circumferentially arranged around the body between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially from the front side to a back side of the body, each of the holes having an associated second arcuate engagement surface recessed into the back side and configured to engage with the first arcuate engagement surface, wherein the fingers of the first body are disposed in the holes of the second body with the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces engaged, the fingers of the second body are disposed in the holes of the first body with the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces engaged, and the cutouts of the first and second bodies are aligned to form pockets configured to receive rolling elements therein; and
rolling elements received in the pockets and in rolling contact with the inner and outer races. 20. The bearing of claim 19, wherein the first arcuate engagement surface is convex, and the second arcuate engagement surface is concave. | A bearing cage includes a first annular body having a plurality of circumferentially arranged fingers that extending axially therefrom. Each of the fingers have a tab with a first arcuate engagement surface. A second annular body has a plurality of circumferentially arranged finger-receiving holes extending axially and configured to receive the fingers. Each of the holes have an associated second arcuate engagement surface configured to engage with the first arcuate engagement surface when the fingers are received in the holes to secure the first and second bodies together to form the bearing cage.1. A bearing cage comprising:
first and second annular bodies connectable to form the bearing cage, each body including:
a plurality of cutouts circumferentially arranged around a front side of the body,
a plurality of rectangular fingers circumferentially arranged around the front side between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially therefrom, each of the fingers having a first planar face with a tab raised therefrom, the tab defining a first arcuate engagement surface such that the tab is axially thickest at a circumferential midpoint of the first engagement surface, and
a plurality of finger-receiving holes having gular cross-sections, the holes big circumferentially arranged around the body between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially from the front side to a back side of the body, each of the holes having an associated second a engagement surface recessed into the back side and configured to engage with the first engagement surface; wherein
the fingers of the first body are disposed in the holes of the second body with the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces engaged, the fingers of the second body are disposed in the holes of the first body with the first and second engagement surfaces engaged, and the cutouts of the first and second bodies cooperate to form pockets configured to receive rolling elements therein. 2. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein the first arcuate engagement surface is convex, and the second arcuate engagement surface is concave. 3. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the rectangular fingers further has a proximal end joined to the body, a distal end, opposing planar sides extending between the proximal and distal ends, and a second planar face extending between the proximal and distal ends and spanning between the opposing sides, wherein the first planar face is opposite the second planar face, extends between the proximal and distal ends, and spans between the opposing sides, and wherein the tabs are formed on the distal ends. 4. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the rectangular fingers further has a proximal end joined to the body, a distal end, opposing planar sides extending between the proximal and distal ends, and a second planar face extending between the proximal and distal ends and spanning between the opposing sides, wherein the first planar face is opposite the second planar face, extends between the proximal and distal ends, and spans between the opposing sides, and wherein the tabs are formed on the distal ends, and each of the first arcuate engagement surfaces extends circumferentially between the opposing sides of a corresponding one of the fingers. 5. The bearing cage of claim 3, wherein, for each of the fingers, the first engagement surface faces the proximal end, extends circumferentially between the opposing sides, and extends radially from the first planar face to a top surface of the tab, and wherein each of the finger-receiving holes includes opposing planar sidewalls, and each of the second engagement surfaces extends circumferentially between the opposing sidewalls of an associated one of the holes. 6. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces have a same radius. 7. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the fingers has a wing, and each of the finger-receiving holes has a wing-receiving slot. 8. The bearing cage of claim 1, wherein each of the bodies further includes a plurality of shoulders circumferentially arranged around the front side of the body such that the shoulders and the cutouts alternate around a circumference of the front side, wherein the shoulders include a first set of shoulders that define the holes and a second set of shoulders that support the fingers. 9. The bearing cage of claim 8, wherein the first set of shoulders have pins, and the second set of shoulders define holes that receive the pins therein when the first and second bodies are connected together. 10. The bearing cage of claim 8, wherein the first set of shoulders have a first outer mating face that is axially forward of the back side by a first distance, and the second set of shoulders have a second outer mating face that is axially forward of the back side by a second distance that is less than the first distance, wherein the first and second outer mating faces engage when the first and second bodies are connected together. 11. The bearing cage of claim 10, wherein the first distance plus the second distance is equal to an axial thickness of the bearing cage. 12. The bearing cage of claim 10, wherein the first set of shoulders have a first inner mating face that is axially forward of the back side by third distance, and the second set of shoulders have a second inner mating face that is axially forward of the back side by a fourth distance that is greater than the third distance, wherein the first and second inner mating faces engage when the first and second bodies are connected together. 13. The bearing cage of claim 12, wherein the third distance plus the fourth distance is equal to an axial thickness of the barring cage. 14. The bearing cage of claim 12, wherein the first distance and the fourth distance are equal, and the second distance and the third distance are equal. 15. A bearing cage comprising:
a first annular body including a plurality of circumferentially arranged fingers that extending axially therefrom, each of the fingers having a tab with a first arcuate engagement surface, each finger having a maximum cross-sectional area in the region of the tab; and a second annular body including a plurality of circumferentially arranged finger-receiving holes extending axially each completely through a thickness of the second annular body, each finger-receiving hole having a minimum cross-section no less than the maximum cross-section area of the fingers so as to receive the fingers, each of the holes having an associated second arcuate engagement surface configured to engage with the first arcuate engagement surface when the fingers are received in the holes to secure the first and second bodies together to form the bearing cage. 16. The bearing cage of claim 15, wherein the first arcuate engagement surface is convex, and the second arcuate engagement surface is concave. 17. The bearing cage of claim 15, wherein the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces have a same radius. 18. The bearing cage of claim 15, wherein the second annular body further includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged fingers extending axially therefrom, and the first annular body further includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged finger-receiving holes extending axially and configured to receive the fingers of the second annular body. 19. A rolling bearing comprising:
an inner race; an outer race; a bearing cage radially disposed between the inner and outer races, the cage including first and second annular bodies connectable to form the bearing cage, each body including:
a plurality of cutouts circumferentially arranged around a front side of the body,
a plurality of rectangular fingers circumferentially arranged around the front side between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially therefrom, each of the fingers having a first planar face with a tab raised therefrom, the tab defining a first arcuate engagement surface such that the tab is axially thickest as at a mid-point of the engagement surface, and
a plurality of finger-receiving holes having rectangular cross-sections, the holes being circumferentially arranged around the body between associated ones of the cutouts and extending axially from the front side to a back side of the body, each of the holes having an associated second arcuate engagement surface recessed into the back side and configured to engage with the first arcuate engagement surface, wherein the fingers of the first body are disposed in the holes of the second body with the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces engaged, the fingers of the second body are disposed in the holes of the first body with the first and second arcuate engagement surfaces engaged, and the cutouts of the first and second bodies are aligned to form pockets configured to receive rolling elements therein; and
rolling elements received in the pockets and in rolling contact with the inner and outer races. 20. The bearing of claim 19, wherein the first arcuate engagement surface is convex, and the second arcuate engagement surface is concave. | 3,700 |
341,531 | 16,801,857 | 3,715 | An optic produces a beam of ultraviolet laser radiation from a beam of visible laser radiation and spatially separates the ultraviolet laser beam from the visible laser beam. The optic includes two crystals made of the same optically-nonlinear material that are contact bonded along a planar interface. One crystal has principle crystal axes that are oriented for type-I second-harmonic generation. The ultraviolet laser beam exits the optic through an uncoated surface of the other crystal. The principle crystal axes of the two crystals have different orientations and have reflection symmetry about the planar interface. | 1. An optic for converting radiation having a fundamental wavelength to radiation having a second-harmonic wavelength, comprising:
a first crystal made of an optically-nonlinear material having principle crystal axes, the principle crystal axes of the first crystal oriented to convert fundamental radiation to second-harmonic radiation by second-harmonic generation; and a second crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material as the first crystal, the first and second crystals bonded together along a first planar interface, the first planar interface tilted with respect to the fundamental radiation; wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals have a mutual angular separation and have reflection symmetry about the first planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and second crystals thereby matched along the first planar interface. 2. The optic of claim 1, wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are oriented such that the fundamental radiation is not refracted and the second-harmonic radiation is refracted at the first planar interface. 3. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation enters the optic through an uncoated input surface at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental radiation. 4. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation exits the optic through an uncoated output surface at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental radiation. 5. The optic of claim 4, wherein a tilt angle of the first planar interface with respect to the fundamental radiation and a distance between the first planar interface and the output surface are selected to separate the fundamental radiation from the second-harmonic radiation on the output surface. 6. The optic of claim 4, wherein a tilt angle of the first planar interface with respect to the fundamental radiation and a distance between the first planar interface and the output surface are selected to overlap the fundamental radiation and the second-harmonic radiation on the output surface. 7. The optic of claim 4, wherein the second-harmonic radiation exits the optic through another uncoated output surface at Brewster angle with respect to the second-harmonic radiation. 8. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation enters and exits the optic through parallel uncoated surfaces at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental radiation. 9. The optic of claim 1, wherein the first and second crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. 10. The optic of claim 1, further including a third crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material as the first and second crystals, the third crystal bonded to the first crystal along a second planar interface, the second planar interface parallel to the first planar interface, the principle crystal axes of the first and third crystals having a mutual angular separation and having reflection symmetry about the second planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and third crystals thereby matched along the second planar interface. 11. The optic of claim 10, wherein respective principle crystal axes of the second and third crystal have the same orientations. 12. The optic of claim 10, wherein the first and third crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. 13. The optic of claim 1, wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are mutually separated by at least 5°. 14. The optic of claim 13, wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are mutually separated by at least 12°. 15. The optic of claim 1, wherein the second-harmonic generation is type-I second-harmonic generation. 16. The optic of claim 1, wherein the optically-nonlinear material is selected from the group consisting of beta barium borate (BBO), lithium triborate (LBO), and cesium lithium borate (CLBO). 17. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation has a wavelength of about 426 nanometers and the second-harmonic radiation has a wavelength of about 213 nanometers. 18. A laser apparatus for producing a beam of laser radiation at a second-harmonic wavelength, comprising;
a laser delivering a beam of laser radiation at a fundamental wavelength that is twice the second-harmonic wavelength; an impedance-matched resonant-enhancement cavity receiving the fundamental laser beam, the resonant-enhancement cavity defined by a plurality of cavity mirrors that are highly reflective at the fundamental wavelength and are arranged to direct the fundamental laser beam along a closed path within the resonant-enhancement cavity; and an optic located in the closed beam path of the resonant-enhancement cavity, the optic including a first crystal and a second crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material, the optically-nonlinear material having principle crystal axes, the principle crystal axes of the first crystal oriented to convert laser radiation at the fundamental wavelength to laser radiation at the second-harmonic wavelength by second-harmonic generation, the first and second crystals bonded together along a planar interface that is tilted with respect to the fundamental laser beam; wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are mutually separated by an angle of at least 2°, the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals having reflection symmetry about the planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and second crystals thereby matched along the planar interface. 19. The optic of claim 18, wherein the fundamental laser beam enters the optic through an uncoated input surface and exits the optic through a parallel uncoated output surface, the input and output surfaces at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental laser beam. 20. The optic of claim 19, wherein a tilt angle of the planar interface with respect to the fundamental laser beam and a distance between the planar interface and the output surface are selected to separate the fundamental laser beam from the second-harmonic laser beam on the output surface. 21. The optic of claim 18, wherein the first and second crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. 22. The optic of claim 18, wherein the second-harmonic generation is type-I second-harmonic generation. 23. An optic for converting radiation having a first fundamental wavelength and radiation having a second fundamental wavelength to radiation having a sum-frequency wavelength, comprising:
a first crystal made of an optically-nonlinear material having principle crystal axes, the principle crystal axes of the first crystal oriented to convert first fundamental radiation and second fundamental radiation to sum-frequency radiation by sum-frequency generation; and a second crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material as the first crystal, the first and second crystals bonded together along a planar interface, the planar interface tilted with respect to the first and second fundamental radiation; wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals have a mutual angular separation and have reflection symmetry about the planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and second crystals thereby matched along the planar interface. 24. The optic of claim 23, wherein the first and second fundamental radiation exits the optic through an uncoated output surface at Brewster angle with respect to the first and second fundamental radiation. 25. The optic of claim 24, wherein a tilt angle of the planar interface with respect to the first and second fundamental radiation and a distance between the planar interface and the output surface are selected to separate the first and second fundamental radiation from the sum-frequency radiation on the output surface. 26. The optic of claim 23, wherein the first and second crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. | An optic produces a beam of ultraviolet laser radiation from a beam of visible laser radiation and spatially separates the ultraviolet laser beam from the visible laser beam. The optic includes two crystals made of the same optically-nonlinear material that are contact bonded along a planar interface. One crystal has principle crystal axes that are oriented for type-I second-harmonic generation. The ultraviolet laser beam exits the optic through an uncoated surface of the other crystal. The principle crystal axes of the two crystals have different orientations and have reflection symmetry about the planar interface.1. An optic for converting radiation having a fundamental wavelength to radiation having a second-harmonic wavelength, comprising:
a first crystal made of an optically-nonlinear material having principle crystal axes, the principle crystal axes of the first crystal oriented to convert fundamental radiation to second-harmonic radiation by second-harmonic generation; and a second crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material as the first crystal, the first and second crystals bonded together along a first planar interface, the first planar interface tilted with respect to the fundamental radiation; wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals have a mutual angular separation and have reflection symmetry about the first planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and second crystals thereby matched along the first planar interface. 2. The optic of claim 1, wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are oriented such that the fundamental radiation is not refracted and the second-harmonic radiation is refracted at the first planar interface. 3. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation enters the optic through an uncoated input surface at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental radiation. 4. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation exits the optic through an uncoated output surface at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental radiation. 5. The optic of claim 4, wherein a tilt angle of the first planar interface with respect to the fundamental radiation and a distance between the first planar interface and the output surface are selected to separate the fundamental radiation from the second-harmonic radiation on the output surface. 6. The optic of claim 4, wherein a tilt angle of the first planar interface with respect to the fundamental radiation and a distance between the first planar interface and the output surface are selected to overlap the fundamental radiation and the second-harmonic radiation on the output surface. 7. The optic of claim 4, wherein the second-harmonic radiation exits the optic through another uncoated output surface at Brewster angle with respect to the second-harmonic radiation. 8. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation enters and exits the optic through parallel uncoated surfaces at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental radiation. 9. The optic of claim 1, wherein the first and second crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. 10. The optic of claim 1, further including a third crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material as the first and second crystals, the third crystal bonded to the first crystal along a second planar interface, the second planar interface parallel to the first planar interface, the principle crystal axes of the first and third crystals having a mutual angular separation and having reflection symmetry about the second planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and third crystals thereby matched along the second planar interface. 11. The optic of claim 10, wherein respective principle crystal axes of the second and third crystal have the same orientations. 12. The optic of claim 10, wherein the first and third crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. 13. The optic of claim 1, wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are mutually separated by at least 5°. 14. The optic of claim 13, wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are mutually separated by at least 12°. 15. The optic of claim 1, wherein the second-harmonic generation is type-I second-harmonic generation. 16. The optic of claim 1, wherein the optically-nonlinear material is selected from the group consisting of beta barium borate (BBO), lithium triborate (LBO), and cesium lithium borate (CLBO). 17. The optic of claim 1, wherein the fundamental radiation has a wavelength of about 426 nanometers and the second-harmonic radiation has a wavelength of about 213 nanometers. 18. A laser apparatus for producing a beam of laser radiation at a second-harmonic wavelength, comprising;
a laser delivering a beam of laser radiation at a fundamental wavelength that is twice the second-harmonic wavelength; an impedance-matched resonant-enhancement cavity receiving the fundamental laser beam, the resonant-enhancement cavity defined by a plurality of cavity mirrors that are highly reflective at the fundamental wavelength and are arranged to direct the fundamental laser beam along a closed path within the resonant-enhancement cavity; and an optic located in the closed beam path of the resonant-enhancement cavity, the optic including a first crystal and a second crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material, the optically-nonlinear material having principle crystal axes, the principle crystal axes of the first crystal oriented to convert laser radiation at the fundamental wavelength to laser radiation at the second-harmonic wavelength by second-harmonic generation, the first and second crystals bonded together along a planar interface that is tilted with respect to the fundamental laser beam; wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals are mutually separated by an angle of at least 2°, the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals having reflection symmetry about the planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and second crystals thereby matched along the planar interface. 19. The optic of claim 18, wherein the fundamental laser beam enters the optic through an uncoated input surface and exits the optic through a parallel uncoated output surface, the input and output surfaces at Brewster angle with respect to the fundamental laser beam. 20. The optic of claim 19, wherein a tilt angle of the planar interface with respect to the fundamental laser beam and a distance between the planar interface and the output surface are selected to separate the fundamental laser beam from the second-harmonic laser beam on the output surface. 21. The optic of claim 18, wherein the first and second crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. 22. The optic of claim 18, wherein the second-harmonic generation is type-I second-harmonic generation. 23. An optic for converting radiation having a first fundamental wavelength and radiation having a second fundamental wavelength to radiation having a sum-frequency wavelength, comprising:
a first crystal made of an optically-nonlinear material having principle crystal axes, the principle crystal axes of the first crystal oriented to convert first fundamental radiation and second fundamental radiation to sum-frequency radiation by sum-frequency generation; and a second crystal made of the same optically-nonlinear material as the first crystal, the first and second crystals bonded together along a planar interface, the planar interface tilted with respect to the first and second fundamental radiation; wherein the principle crystal axes of the first and second crystals have a mutual angular separation and have reflection symmetry about the planar interface, the coefficients of thermal expansion of the first and second crystals thereby matched along the planar interface. 24. The optic of claim 23, wherein the first and second fundamental radiation exits the optic through an uncoated output surface at Brewster angle with respect to the first and second fundamental radiation. 25. The optic of claim 24, wherein a tilt angle of the planar interface with respect to the first and second fundamental radiation and a distance between the planar interface and the output surface are selected to separate the first and second fundamental radiation from the sum-frequency radiation on the output surface. 26. The optic of claim 23, wherein the first and second crystals are bonded together by optical contact bonding. | 3,700 |
341,532 | 16,801,888 | 2,844 | The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a blue-emitting light emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting blue light at a first intensity and a non-blue-emitting LED capable of emitting light having a color other than blue, at a second intensity, where the first intensity is variable. | 1. A device comprising:
a blue-emitting light emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting blue light at a first intensity; and a non-blue-emitting LED capable of emitting light having a color other than blue, at a second intensity, wherein: the first intensity is variable. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the color other than blue comprises a light in the visible spectrum. 3. The device of claim 1, further comprising an element capable of varying the first intensity. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the element is an electronic driver. 5. The device of claim 4, further comprising electronics configured to determine when the first intensity needs to be varied. 6. The device of claim 5, wherein the electronics comprises at least one of software or hardware. 7. The device of claim 6, wherein:
the hardware comprises a timer, the first intensity has a low intensity value and a high intensity value determined by the software, and the software and the timer are configured to communicate when the electronic driver adjusts a current to the blue-emitting LED to attain both the low intensity value and the high intensity value. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the low intensity value is determined by a tolerance level of local wildlife. 9. The device of claim 7, wherein the high intensity value is determined by a value set by local rules and regulations. 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the device comprises two or more blue-emitting LEDs. 11. The device of claim 2, wherein the color other than blue comprises least one of red, amber, yellow, or green. 12. The device of claim 7, wherein the timer is a digital clock. 13. The device of claim 1, wherein the second intensity is variable. 14. The device of claim 1, further comprising a first optical component, wherein the first optical component varies at least one of the first intensity or a wavelength of the blue-emitting LED. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the first optical component comprises an optical filter. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the optical filter comprises at least one of a colored glass filter, a bandpass filter, a laser line filter, an edge pass filter, a notch filter, or a dichroic color filter. 17. The device of claim 1, further comprising a second optical component, wherein the second optical component mixes the blue light with the non-blue light. 18. The device of claim 15, wherein the second optical component comprises a textured reflector capable of scattering the blue light and the non-blue light. 19. The device of claim 15, wherein the blue light and the non-blue light mix to create light having a color temperature between about 2000K and about 6000K. 20. A method comprising:
mixing a blue light with a second light that is in the visible spectrum and not blue; and varying an intensity of the blue light, wherein: the mixing and the varying result in a light having a property comprising at least one of a color temperature, a color-rendering index, a wavelength distribution, or a total intensity, and the property meets at least one of a tolerance level of local wildlife or a value set by a local regulation. | The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a blue-emitting light emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting blue light at a first intensity and a non-blue-emitting LED capable of emitting light having a color other than blue, at a second intensity, where the first intensity is variable.1. A device comprising:
a blue-emitting light emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting blue light at a first intensity; and a non-blue-emitting LED capable of emitting light having a color other than blue, at a second intensity, wherein: the first intensity is variable. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the color other than blue comprises a light in the visible spectrum. 3. The device of claim 1, further comprising an element capable of varying the first intensity. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the element is an electronic driver. 5. The device of claim 4, further comprising electronics configured to determine when the first intensity needs to be varied. 6. The device of claim 5, wherein the electronics comprises at least one of software or hardware. 7. The device of claim 6, wherein:
the hardware comprises a timer, the first intensity has a low intensity value and a high intensity value determined by the software, and the software and the timer are configured to communicate when the electronic driver adjusts a current to the blue-emitting LED to attain both the low intensity value and the high intensity value. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the low intensity value is determined by a tolerance level of local wildlife. 9. The device of claim 7, wherein the high intensity value is determined by a value set by local rules and regulations. 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the device comprises two or more blue-emitting LEDs. 11. The device of claim 2, wherein the color other than blue comprises least one of red, amber, yellow, or green. 12. The device of claim 7, wherein the timer is a digital clock. 13. The device of claim 1, wherein the second intensity is variable. 14. The device of claim 1, further comprising a first optical component, wherein the first optical component varies at least one of the first intensity or a wavelength of the blue-emitting LED. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the first optical component comprises an optical filter. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the optical filter comprises at least one of a colored glass filter, a bandpass filter, a laser line filter, an edge pass filter, a notch filter, or a dichroic color filter. 17. The device of claim 1, further comprising a second optical component, wherein the second optical component mixes the blue light with the non-blue light. 18. The device of claim 15, wherein the second optical component comprises a textured reflector capable of scattering the blue light and the non-blue light. 19. The device of claim 15, wherein the blue light and the non-blue light mix to create light having a color temperature between about 2000K and about 6000K. 20. A method comprising:
mixing a blue light with a second light that is in the visible spectrum and not blue; and varying an intensity of the blue light, wherein: the mixing and the varying result in a light having a property comprising at least one of a color temperature, a color-rendering index, a wavelength distribution, or a total intensity, and the property meets at least one of a tolerance level of local wildlife or a value set by a local regulation. | 2,800 |
341,533 | 16,801,892 | 2,844 | A UAV includes a body, an arm connected to the body, and a gimbal assembly. The gimbal assembly includes a gimbal, a load carried by the gimbal, and a damping device connecting the gimbal to the body. The damping device includes a connection shaft configured to pass through the body, and a first shock-absorbing structure and a second shock-absorbing structure disposed at two ends of the connection shaft, respectively. The first shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body or the arm. The second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body. One of the first shock-absorbing structure and the second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the gimbal. | 1. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) comprising:
a body; an arm connected to the body; and a gimbal assembly including:
a gimbal;
a load carried by the gimbal; and
a damping device connecting the gimbal to the body, the damping device including:
a connection shaft configured to pass through the body; and
a first shock-absorbing structure and a second shock-absorbing structure disposed at two ends of the connection shaft, respectively;
wherein:
the first shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body or the arm;
the second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body; and
one of the first shock-absorbing structure and the second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the gimbal. 2. The UAV according to claim 1, wherein the first shock-absorbing structure is located at least partially above the body and includes:
a mounting portion configured to be connected to the gimbal and the connection shaft; a support member connected to the mounting portion; and a shock-absorbing member disposed at an end of the support member away from the mounting portion and configured to be connected to the body or the arm. 3. The UAV according to claim 2, wherein:
the arm is one of a plurality of arms of the UAV; the shock-absorbing member is one of a plurality of shock-absorbing members of the first shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being configured to be correspondingly connected to the plurality of arms; the support member is one of a plurality of support members of the first shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of support members being distributed around the mounting portion; and each of the plurality of support members is connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of arms via a corresponding one of the plurality of shock-absorbing members. 4. The UAV according to claim 2, wherein:
the shock-absorbing member is one of a plurality of shock-absorbing members of the first shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being configured to be correspondingly connected to the plurality of arms; and the support member includes:
a plurality of connection rods connected to the mounting portion and distributed radially; and
a connection bracket disposed at one side of and spaced apart from the plurality of connection rods, each of the connection rods being connected to the connection bracket by a corresponding one of the plurality of shock-absorbing members. 5. The UAV according to claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of shock-absorbing member includes a composite shock absorber including two or more different types of shock absorbers. 6. The UAV according to claim 5, wherein one of the shock-absorbing members includes a steel wire rope and a damper, the steel wire rope and the damper being connected between a corresponding one of the connection rods and the connection bracket. 7. The UAV according to claim 6, wherein the steel wire rope and the damper are both inclinedly connected between the corresponding one of the connection rods and the connection bracket. 8. The UAV according to claim 6, wherein the steel wire rope is one of a plurality of steel wire ropes disposed in two rows opposite to each other, each of the two rows including one or more steel wire ropes bent in a direction away from the other one of the two rows. 9. The UAV according to claim 6, wherein the one of the shock-absorbing members further includes:
a first connection head configured to connect the steel wire rope and the damper to the corresponding one of the connection rods, the first connection head including:
a first fixation portion configured to fix the steel wire rope and the damper; and
a sleeve configured to sleeve the corresponding one of the connection rods; and
a second connection head configured to connect the steel wire rope and the damper to the connection bracket, the second connection head including:
a second fixation portion configured to fix the steel wire rope and the damper and connected to the connection bracket; and
a quick-release member connected to the second fixation portion and to a corresponding one of the arms. 10. The UAV according to claim 9, wherein:
the one of the shock-absorbing members further includes a first clamp member and a second clamp member corresponding to the first fixation portion and the second fixation portion, respectively; one end of the steel wire rope is clamped between the first fixation portion and the first clamp member; and another end of the steel wire rope is clamped between the second fixation portion and the second clamp member. 11. The UAV according to claim 9, wherein the damping device further includes a sleeve member movably connected to the quick-release member and configured to sleeve the corresponding one of the arms. 12. The UAV according to claim 11, wherein:
the sleeve member includes:
a lock portion, the quick-release member being inserted in the lock portion; and
an operation portion rotatably connected to the lock portion;
the lock portion is configured to be:
in a locked state to lock the quick-release member in response to the operation portion rotating to a locked position; and
in an unlocked state to unlock the quick-release member in response to the operation portion rotating to an unlocked position. 13. The UAV according to claim 9, wherein one end of the damper is rotatably connected to the first connection head and another end of the damper is rotatably connected to the second connection head. 14. The UAV according to claim 1, wherein the second shock-absorbing structure is located at least partially below the body and includes:
a mounting portion configured to be connected to the gimbal and the connection shaft, and a support member accommodating the mounting portion; and a shock-absorbing member disposed at an end of the support member away from the mounting portion and configured to be connected to the body. 15. The UAV according to claim 14, wherein the shock-absorbing member includes a compression shock absorber or a tension shock absorber configured to apply a force perpendicular to an axial direction of the connection shaft to the connection shaft. 16. The UAV according to claim 14, wherein the shock-absorbing member is one of a plurality of shock-absorbing members of the second shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being distributed around the mounting portion. 17. The UAV according to claim 16, wherein the support member includes:
a bearing configured to accommodate the mounting portion; and a connection bracket connected to the bearing, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being connected around the connection bracket. 18. The UAV according to claim 17, wherein the shock-absorbing member includes:
a connection portion configured to be connected to the body; and two dampers rotatably connected to the connection bracket at different positions and rotatably connected to the connection portion, two center axes of the two dampers being perpendicular to each other, and the center axis of each of the two dampers being perpendicular to the connection shaft. 19. The UAV according to claim 18, wherein:
the connection bracket is one of two connection brackets spaced apart from each other; and the bearing and one end of each of the two dampers are clamped between the two connection brackets. 20. The UAV according to claim 1, further comprising:
a propeller assembly; wherein the arm includes:
a folding arm connected to the body, the damping device being connected to the folding arm via the first shock-absorbing structure; and
a straight arm connected to the folding arm, the propeller assembly being connected to an end of the straight arm away from the folding arm. | A UAV includes a body, an arm connected to the body, and a gimbal assembly. The gimbal assembly includes a gimbal, a load carried by the gimbal, and a damping device connecting the gimbal to the body. The damping device includes a connection shaft configured to pass through the body, and a first shock-absorbing structure and a second shock-absorbing structure disposed at two ends of the connection shaft, respectively. The first shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body or the arm. The second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body. One of the first shock-absorbing structure and the second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the gimbal.1. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) comprising:
a body; an arm connected to the body; and a gimbal assembly including:
a gimbal;
a load carried by the gimbal; and
a damping device connecting the gimbal to the body, the damping device including:
a connection shaft configured to pass through the body; and
a first shock-absorbing structure and a second shock-absorbing structure disposed at two ends of the connection shaft, respectively;
wherein:
the first shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body or the arm;
the second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the body; and
one of the first shock-absorbing structure and the second shock-absorbing structure is connected to the gimbal. 2. The UAV according to claim 1, wherein the first shock-absorbing structure is located at least partially above the body and includes:
a mounting portion configured to be connected to the gimbal and the connection shaft; a support member connected to the mounting portion; and a shock-absorbing member disposed at an end of the support member away from the mounting portion and configured to be connected to the body or the arm. 3. The UAV according to claim 2, wherein:
the arm is one of a plurality of arms of the UAV; the shock-absorbing member is one of a plurality of shock-absorbing members of the first shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being configured to be correspondingly connected to the plurality of arms; the support member is one of a plurality of support members of the first shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of support members being distributed around the mounting portion; and each of the plurality of support members is connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of arms via a corresponding one of the plurality of shock-absorbing members. 4. The UAV according to claim 2, wherein:
the shock-absorbing member is one of a plurality of shock-absorbing members of the first shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being configured to be correspondingly connected to the plurality of arms; and the support member includes:
a plurality of connection rods connected to the mounting portion and distributed radially; and
a connection bracket disposed at one side of and spaced apart from the plurality of connection rods, each of the connection rods being connected to the connection bracket by a corresponding one of the plurality of shock-absorbing members. 5. The UAV according to claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of shock-absorbing member includes a composite shock absorber including two or more different types of shock absorbers. 6. The UAV according to claim 5, wherein one of the shock-absorbing members includes a steel wire rope and a damper, the steel wire rope and the damper being connected between a corresponding one of the connection rods and the connection bracket. 7. The UAV according to claim 6, wherein the steel wire rope and the damper are both inclinedly connected between the corresponding one of the connection rods and the connection bracket. 8. The UAV according to claim 6, wherein the steel wire rope is one of a plurality of steel wire ropes disposed in two rows opposite to each other, each of the two rows including one or more steel wire ropes bent in a direction away from the other one of the two rows. 9. The UAV according to claim 6, wherein the one of the shock-absorbing members further includes:
a first connection head configured to connect the steel wire rope and the damper to the corresponding one of the connection rods, the first connection head including:
a first fixation portion configured to fix the steel wire rope and the damper; and
a sleeve configured to sleeve the corresponding one of the connection rods; and
a second connection head configured to connect the steel wire rope and the damper to the connection bracket, the second connection head including:
a second fixation portion configured to fix the steel wire rope and the damper and connected to the connection bracket; and
a quick-release member connected to the second fixation portion and to a corresponding one of the arms. 10. The UAV according to claim 9, wherein:
the one of the shock-absorbing members further includes a first clamp member and a second clamp member corresponding to the first fixation portion and the second fixation portion, respectively; one end of the steel wire rope is clamped between the first fixation portion and the first clamp member; and another end of the steel wire rope is clamped between the second fixation portion and the second clamp member. 11. The UAV according to claim 9, wherein the damping device further includes a sleeve member movably connected to the quick-release member and configured to sleeve the corresponding one of the arms. 12. The UAV according to claim 11, wherein:
the sleeve member includes:
a lock portion, the quick-release member being inserted in the lock portion; and
an operation portion rotatably connected to the lock portion;
the lock portion is configured to be:
in a locked state to lock the quick-release member in response to the operation portion rotating to a locked position; and
in an unlocked state to unlock the quick-release member in response to the operation portion rotating to an unlocked position. 13. The UAV according to claim 9, wherein one end of the damper is rotatably connected to the first connection head and another end of the damper is rotatably connected to the second connection head. 14. The UAV according to claim 1, wherein the second shock-absorbing structure is located at least partially below the body and includes:
a mounting portion configured to be connected to the gimbal and the connection shaft, and a support member accommodating the mounting portion; and a shock-absorbing member disposed at an end of the support member away from the mounting portion and configured to be connected to the body. 15. The UAV according to claim 14, wherein the shock-absorbing member includes a compression shock absorber or a tension shock absorber configured to apply a force perpendicular to an axial direction of the connection shaft to the connection shaft. 16. The UAV according to claim 14, wherein the shock-absorbing member is one of a plurality of shock-absorbing members of the second shock-absorbing structure, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being distributed around the mounting portion. 17. The UAV according to claim 16, wherein the support member includes:
a bearing configured to accommodate the mounting portion; and a connection bracket connected to the bearing, the plurality of shock-absorbing members being connected around the connection bracket. 18. The UAV according to claim 17, wherein the shock-absorbing member includes:
a connection portion configured to be connected to the body; and two dampers rotatably connected to the connection bracket at different positions and rotatably connected to the connection portion, two center axes of the two dampers being perpendicular to each other, and the center axis of each of the two dampers being perpendicular to the connection shaft. 19. The UAV according to claim 18, wherein:
the connection bracket is one of two connection brackets spaced apart from each other; and the bearing and one end of each of the two dampers are clamped between the two connection brackets. 20. The UAV according to claim 1, further comprising:
a propeller assembly; wherein the arm includes:
a folding arm connected to the body, the damping device being connected to the folding arm via the first shock-absorbing structure; and
a straight arm connected to the folding arm, the propeller assembly being connected to an end of the straight arm away from the folding arm. | 2,800 |
341,534 | 16,801,889 | 2,844 | A roll assembly, which may be included in an agricultural baler, includes: a first roll having a first roll surface with a plurality of first extensions extending therefrom, the first extensions defining a first rotation path when rotated; and a second roll having a second roll surface with a plurality of second extensions extending therefrom, the second extensions defining a second rotation path when rotated. The first roll and the second roll are disposed adjacent to one another such that the first rotation path and the second rotation path partially overlap. At least one roll driver is coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll in the rotation direction such that the first extensions and the second extensions do not collide with each other during rotation of the first roll and the second roll. | 1. A roll assembly for an agricultural baler, comprising:
a first roll comprising a first roll surface and a plurality of first extensions extending from the first roll surface, the first roll defining a first rotation axis and the first extensions defining a first rotation path when rotated about the first rotation axis in a rotation direction; a second roll comprising a second roll surface and a plurality of second extensions extending from the second roll surface, the second roll defining a second rotation axis and the second extensions defining a second rotation path when rotated about the second rotation axis in the rotation direction, the first roll and the second roll being disposed adjacent to one another such that the first rotation path and the second rotation path partially overlap; and at least one roll driver coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll in the rotation direction such that the first extensions and the second extensions do not collide with each other during rotation of the first roll and the second roll. 2. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the first roll defines a first diameter and the second roll defines a second diameter that is equal to the first diameter. 3. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the first roll surface and the second roll surface do not contact one another. 4. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the at least one roll driver is configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll at the same rotational speed. 5. The roll assembly of claim 1, further comprising a linkage coupling at least one of the first roll or the second roll to the at least one roll driver. 6. The roll assembly of claim 5, wherein the first roll and the second roll are both coupled to the at least one roll driver through the linkage. 7. The roll assembly of claim 1, further comprising a controller operably coupled to the at least one roll driver, the controller being configured to output a driver signal to the at least one roll driver to cause the at least one roll driver to rotate the first roll and the second roll. 8. The roll assembly of claim 1, further comprising a shear pin coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to cause free-wheeling of the respectively coupled roll upon shearing. 9. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the first extensions are equally spaced from one another about the first roll surface and the second extensions are equally spaced from one another about the second roll surface. 10. An agricultural baler, comprising:
a chassis; a pickup carried by the chassis and configured to pick up crop material; and a baling chamber carried by the chassis and configured to received picked up crop material, the baling chamber comprising a roll assembly, the roll assembly comprising:
a first roll comprising a first roll surface and a plurality of first extensions extending from the first roll surface, the first roll defining a first rotation axis and the first extensions defining a first rotation path when rotated about the first rotation axis in a rotation direction;
a second roll comprising a second roll surface and a plurality of second extensions extending from the second roll surface, the second roll defining a second rotation axis and the second extensions defining a second rotation path when rotated about the second rotation axis in the rotation direction, the first roll and the second roll being disposed adjacent to one another such that the first rotation path and the second rotation path partially overlap; and at least one roll driver coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll in the rotation direction such that the first extensions and the second extensions do not collide with each other during rotation of the first roll and the second roll. 11. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the first roll defines a first diameter and the second roll defines a second diameter that is equal to the first diameter. 12. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the first roll surface and the second roll surface do not contact one another. 13. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the at least one roll driver is configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll at the same rotational speed. 14. The agricultural baler of claim 10, further comprising a linkage coupling at least one of the first roll or the second roll to the at least one roll driver. 15. The agricultural baler of claim 14, wherein the first roll and the second roll are both coupled to the at least one roll driver through the linkage. 16. The agricultural baler of claim 10, further comprising a controller operably coupled to the at least one roll driver, the controller being configured to output a driver signal to the at least one roll driver to cause the at least one roll driver to rotate the first roll and the second roll. 17. The agricultural baler of claim 10, further comprising a shear pin coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to cause free-wheeling of the respectively coupled roll upon shearing. 18. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the first extensions are equally spaced from one another about the first roll surface and the second extensions are equally spaced from one another about the second roll surface. | A roll assembly, which may be included in an agricultural baler, includes: a first roll having a first roll surface with a plurality of first extensions extending therefrom, the first extensions defining a first rotation path when rotated; and a second roll having a second roll surface with a plurality of second extensions extending therefrom, the second extensions defining a second rotation path when rotated. The first roll and the second roll are disposed adjacent to one another such that the first rotation path and the second rotation path partially overlap. At least one roll driver is coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll in the rotation direction such that the first extensions and the second extensions do not collide with each other during rotation of the first roll and the second roll.1. A roll assembly for an agricultural baler, comprising:
a first roll comprising a first roll surface and a plurality of first extensions extending from the first roll surface, the first roll defining a first rotation axis and the first extensions defining a first rotation path when rotated about the first rotation axis in a rotation direction; a second roll comprising a second roll surface and a plurality of second extensions extending from the second roll surface, the second roll defining a second rotation axis and the second extensions defining a second rotation path when rotated about the second rotation axis in the rotation direction, the first roll and the second roll being disposed adjacent to one another such that the first rotation path and the second rotation path partially overlap; and at least one roll driver coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll in the rotation direction such that the first extensions and the second extensions do not collide with each other during rotation of the first roll and the second roll. 2. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the first roll defines a first diameter and the second roll defines a second diameter that is equal to the first diameter. 3. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the first roll surface and the second roll surface do not contact one another. 4. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the at least one roll driver is configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll at the same rotational speed. 5. The roll assembly of claim 1, further comprising a linkage coupling at least one of the first roll or the second roll to the at least one roll driver. 6. The roll assembly of claim 5, wherein the first roll and the second roll are both coupled to the at least one roll driver through the linkage. 7. The roll assembly of claim 1, further comprising a controller operably coupled to the at least one roll driver, the controller being configured to output a driver signal to the at least one roll driver to cause the at least one roll driver to rotate the first roll and the second roll. 8. The roll assembly of claim 1, further comprising a shear pin coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to cause free-wheeling of the respectively coupled roll upon shearing. 9. The roll assembly of claim 1, wherein the first extensions are equally spaced from one another about the first roll surface and the second extensions are equally spaced from one another about the second roll surface. 10. An agricultural baler, comprising:
a chassis; a pickup carried by the chassis and configured to pick up crop material; and a baling chamber carried by the chassis and configured to received picked up crop material, the baling chamber comprising a roll assembly, the roll assembly comprising:
a first roll comprising a first roll surface and a plurality of first extensions extending from the first roll surface, the first roll defining a first rotation axis and the first extensions defining a first rotation path when rotated about the first rotation axis in a rotation direction;
a second roll comprising a second roll surface and a plurality of second extensions extending from the second roll surface, the second roll defining a second rotation axis and the second extensions defining a second rotation path when rotated about the second rotation axis in the rotation direction, the first roll and the second roll being disposed adjacent to one another such that the first rotation path and the second rotation path partially overlap; and at least one roll driver coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll in the rotation direction such that the first extensions and the second extensions do not collide with each other during rotation of the first roll and the second roll. 11. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the first roll defines a first diameter and the second roll defines a second diameter that is equal to the first diameter. 12. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the first roll surface and the second roll surface do not contact one another. 13. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the at least one roll driver is configured to rotate the first roll and the second roll at the same rotational speed. 14. The agricultural baler of claim 10, further comprising a linkage coupling at least one of the first roll or the second roll to the at least one roll driver. 15. The agricultural baler of claim 14, wherein the first roll and the second roll are both coupled to the at least one roll driver through the linkage. 16. The agricultural baler of claim 10, further comprising a controller operably coupled to the at least one roll driver, the controller being configured to output a driver signal to the at least one roll driver to cause the at least one roll driver to rotate the first roll and the second roll. 17. The agricultural baler of claim 10, further comprising a shear pin coupled to at least one of the first roll or the second roll and configured to cause free-wheeling of the respectively coupled roll upon shearing. 18. The agricultural baler of claim 10, wherein the first extensions are equally spaced from one another about the first roll surface and the second extensions are equally spaced from one another about the second roll surface. | 2,800 |
341,535 | 16,801,859 | 2,844 | A display which thickness is allowed to be reduced is provided. A display includes: a display panel; and a back-face member having rigidity and provided on a back face of the display panel, the back-face member covering the back face, or the back face and other part of the display panel. | 1. A display comprising:
a display panel; and a back-face member having rigidity and provided on a back face of the display panel, the back-face member covering the back face, or the back face and other part of the display panel. | A display which thickness is allowed to be reduced is provided. A display includes: a display panel; and a back-face member having rigidity and provided on a back face of the display panel, the back-face member covering the back face, or the back face and other part of the display panel.1. A display comprising:
a display panel; and a back-face member having rigidity and provided on a back face of the display panel, the back-face member covering the back face, or the back face and other part of the display panel. | 2,800 |
341,536 | 16,801,832 | 2,844 | A hearing device comprises an input transducer providing an input gain GI, a signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P, and an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on a processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO. A resulting forward path gain G′ is defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO. The hearing device further comprises a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, and a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n). A resulting loop gain, LG′, is determined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and a feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation. The loop gain controller is configured to provide that the resulting loop gain is limited to stay below a predefined value. | 1. A hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the hearing device comprising
a forward path comprising
an input transducer for providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, the input transducer providing an input gain GI,
a signal processor for processing said electric input signal or a signal based thereon and providing a processed signal, the signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P,
an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO,
a loop gain limiter comprising
a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier,
a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n),
an acoustic feedback path from the output transducer to the input transducer, the feedback path exhibiting a feedback gain H, 2. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to decrease said resulting forward path gain G′ in case said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n) is larger than or equal to a maximum loop gain value LGmax. 3. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to estimate the current loop gain ΔL(n) in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 4. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the maximum value LGmax of loop gain is smaller than or equal to 3 dB. 5. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) based only on information about the signal level. 6. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) as ΔL(n)=L(n)−L(n−nD), where L(n) is the signal level in dB of a signal of the forward path at the time index n, and L(n−nD) is the signal level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, where nD is defined by a loop delay D of said feedback loop. 7. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate a current loop gain ΔL(n) within less than three feedback loops after a feedback buildup has started. 8. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator comprises a level estimator for estimating a current level of the electric input signal or another signal of the forward path of the hearing device. 9. A hearing device according to claim 8, wherein the level estimator is configured to operate in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 10. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression
G′(n)=G(n)−ΔG(n) 11. A hearing device according to claim 10 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression 12. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to smooth the resulting forward path gain G′ over time to provide a smoothed resulting gain G*. 13. A hearing device according to claim 12 comprising a smoothing unit for smoothing the resulting forward path gain G′ over time according to the following expression
G*(n)=β·G′(n)+(1−β)·G*(n−1) 14. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to provide a corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′ (n)=ΔL(n)+ΔG(n−1), wherein ΔG(n−1)=G(n−1)−G′(n−1) is the gain reduction one loop delay prior to the current time n, and wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′(n) based on the corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′(n). 15. A hearing device according to claim 14 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to multiply the gain reduction ΔG(n−1) one loop delay prior to the current time n with a leaking factor γ, where γ is smaller than 1. 16. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the signal processor comprises a combination unit configured to apply said resulting processor gain G′P to said electric input signal or to a signal originating therefrom. 17. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ is configured to apply a gain reduction ΔG, only if the estimated loop gain is within a given range. 18. A hearing device according to claim 1 being constituted by or comprising a hearing aid. 19. A method of operating a hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the method comprising
providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, thereby providing an input gain GI, processing said electric input signal, or a signal based thereon, and providing a processed signal, thereby determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and a resulting compressor gain G′P, providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, thereby providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO, continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n), limiting a resulting loop gain, LG′, defined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and the feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation, to stay below a predefined value, and where H is the feedback gain exhibited by the feedback path from an output transducer to an input transducer of the hearing device. 20. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method of claim 19. | A hearing device comprises an input transducer providing an input gain GI, a signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P, and an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on a processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO. A resulting forward path gain G′ is defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO. The hearing device further comprises a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, and a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n). A resulting loop gain, LG′, is determined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and a feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation. The loop gain controller is configured to provide that the resulting loop gain is limited to stay below a predefined value.1. A hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the hearing device comprising
a forward path comprising
an input transducer for providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, the input transducer providing an input gain GI,
a signal processor for processing said electric input signal or a signal based thereon and providing a processed signal, the signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P,
an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO,
a loop gain limiter comprising
a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier,
a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n),
an acoustic feedback path from the output transducer to the input transducer, the feedback path exhibiting a feedback gain H, 2. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to decrease said resulting forward path gain G′ in case said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n) is larger than or equal to a maximum loop gain value LGmax. 3. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to estimate the current loop gain ΔL(n) in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 4. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the maximum value LGmax of loop gain is smaller than or equal to 3 dB. 5. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) based only on information about the signal level. 6. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) as ΔL(n)=L(n)−L(n−nD), where L(n) is the signal level in dB of a signal of the forward path at the time index n, and L(n−nD) is the signal level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, where nD is defined by a loop delay D of said feedback loop. 7. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate a current loop gain ΔL(n) within less than three feedback loops after a feedback buildup has started. 8. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator comprises a level estimator for estimating a current level of the electric input signal or another signal of the forward path of the hearing device. 9. A hearing device according to claim 8, wherein the level estimator is configured to operate in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 10. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression
G′(n)=G(n)−ΔG(n) 11. A hearing device according to claim 10 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression 12. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to smooth the resulting forward path gain G′ over time to provide a smoothed resulting gain G*. 13. A hearing device according to claim 12 comprising a smoothing unit for smoothing the resulting forward path gain G′ over time according to the following expression
G*(n)=β·G′(n)+(1−β)·G*(n−1) 14. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to provide a corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′ (n)=ΔL(n)+ΔG(n−1), wherein ΔG(n−1)=G(n−1)−G′(n−1) is the gain reduction one loop delay prior to the current time n, and wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′(n) based on the corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′(n). 15. A hearing device according to claim 14 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to multiply the gain reduction ΔG(n−1) one loop delay prior to the current time n with a leaking factor γ, where γ is smaller than 1. 16. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the signal processor comprises a combination unit configured to apply said resulting processor gain G′P to said electric input signal or to a signal originating therefrom. 17. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ is configured to apply a gain reduction ΔG, only if the estimated loop gain is within a given range. 18. A hearing device according to claim 1 being constituted by or comprising a hearing aid. 19. A method of operating a hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the method comprising
providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, thereby providing an input gain GI, processing said electric input signal, or a signal based thereon, and providing a processed signal, thereby determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and a resulting compressor gain G′P, providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, thereby providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO, continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n), limiting a resulting loop gain, LG′, defined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and the feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation, to stay below a predefined value, and where H is the feedback gain exhibited by the feedback path from an output transducer to an input transducer of the hearing device. 20. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method of claim 19. | 2,800 |
341,537 | 16,801,871 | 2,844 | A hearing device comprises an input transducer providing an input gain GI, a signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P, and an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on a processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO. A resulting forward path gain G′ is defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO. The hearing device further comprises a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, and a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n). A resulting loop gain, LG′, is determined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and a feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation. The loop gain controller is configured to provide that the resulting loop gain is limited to stay below a predefined value. | 1. A hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the hearing device comprising
a forward path comprising
an input transducer for providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, the input transducer providing an input gain GI,
a signal processor for processing said electric input signal or a signal based thereon and providing a processed signal, the signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P,
an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO,
a loop gain limiter comprising
a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier,
a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n),
an acoustic feedback path from the output transducer to the input transducer, the feedback path exhibiting a feedback gain H, 2. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to decrease said resulting forward path gain G′ in case said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n) is larger than or equal to a maximum loop gain value LGmax. 3. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to estimate the current loop gain ΔL(n) in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 4. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the maximum value LGmax of loop gain is smaller than or equal to 3 dB. 5. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) based only on information about the signal level. 6. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) as ΔL(n)=L(n)−L(n−nD), where L(n) is the signal level in dB of a signal of the forward path at the time index n, and L(n−nD) is the signal level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, where nD is defined by a loop delay D of said feedback loop. 7. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate a current loop gain ΔL(n) within less than three feedback loops after a feedback buildup has started. 8. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator comprises a level estimator for estimating a current level of the electric input signal or another signal of the forward path of the hearing device. 9. A hearing device according to claim 8, wherein the level estimator is configured to operate in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 10. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression
G′(n)=G(n)−ΔG(n) 11. A hearing device according to claim 10 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression 12. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to smooth the resulting forward path gain G′ over time to provide a smoothed resulting gain G*. 13. A hearing device according to claim 12 comprising a smoothing unit for smoothing the resulting forward path gain G′ over time according to the following expression
G*(n)=β·G′(n)+(1−β)·G*(n−1) 14. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to provide a corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′ (n)=ΔL(n)+ΔG(n−1), wherein ΔG(n−1)=G(n−1)−G′(n−1) is the gain reduction one loop delay prior to the current time n, and wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′(n) based on the corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′(n). 15. A hearing device according to claim 14 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to multiply the gain reduction ΔG(n−1) one loop delay prior to the current time n with a leaking factor γ, where γ is smaller than 1. 16. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the signal processor comprises a combination unit configured to apply said resulting processor gain G′P to said electric input signal or to a signal originating therefrom. 17. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ is configured to apply a gain reduction ΔG, only if the estimated loop gain is within a given range. 18. A hearing device according to claim 1 being constituted by or comprising a hearing aid. 19. A method of operating a hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the method comprising
providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, thereby providing an input gain GI, processing said electric input signal, or a signal based thereon, and providing a processed signal, thereby determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and a resulting compressor gain G′P, providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, thereby providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO, continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n), limiting a resulting loop gain, LG′, defined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and the feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation, to stay below a predefined value, and where H is the feedback gain exhibited by the feedback path from an output transducer to an input transducer of the hearing device. 20. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method of claim 19. | A hearing device comprises an input transducer providing an input gain GI, a signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P, and an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on a processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO. A resulting forward path gain G′ is defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO. The hearing device further comprises a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, and a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n). A resulting loop gain, LG′, is determined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and a feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation. The loop gain controller is configured to provide that the resulting loop gain is limited to stay below a predefined value.1. A hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the hearing device comprising
a forward path comprising
an input transducer for providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, the input transducer providing an input gain GI,
a signal processor for processing said electric input signal or a signal based thereon and providing a processed signal, the signal processor comprising a compressor for determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and to provide a resulting compressor gain G′P,
an output transducer for providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, the output transducer providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO,
a loop gain limiter comprising
a loop gain estimator for continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier,
a loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n),
an acoustic feedback path from the output transducer to the input transducer, the feedback path exhibiting a feedback gain H, 2. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to decrease said resulting forward path gain G′ in case said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n) is larger than or equal to a maximum loop gain value LGmax. 3. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to estimate the current loop gain ΔL(n) in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 4. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the maximum value LGmax of loop gain is smaller than or equal to 3 dB. 5. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) based only on information about the signal level. 6. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate said current loop gain ΔL(n) as ΔL(n)=L(n)−L(n−nD), where L(n) is the signal level in dB of a signal of the forward path at the time index n, and L(n−nD) is the signal level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, where nD is defined by a loop delay D of said feedback loop. 7. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to estimate a current loop gain ΔL(n) within less than three feedback loops after a feedback buildup has started. 8. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator comprises a level estimator for estimating a current level of the electric input signal or another signal of the forward path of the hearing device. 9. A hearing device according to claim 8, wherein the level estimator is configured to operate in a number of frequency bands K, where K is larger than one. 10. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression
G′(n)=G(n)−ΔG(n) 11. A hearing device according to claim 10 wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′ according to the following expression 12. A hearing device according to claim 1 configured to smooth the resulting forward path gain G′ over time to provide a smoothed resulting gain G*. 13. A hearing device according to claim 12 comprising a smoothing unit for smoothing the resulting forward path gain G′ over time according to the following expression
G*(n)=β·G′(n)+(1−β)·G*(n−1) 14. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to provide a corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′ (n)=ΔL(n)+ΔG(n−1), wherein ΔG(n−1)=G(n−1)−G′(n−1) is the gain reduction one loop delay prior to the current time n, and wherein the loop gain controller is configured to determine said resulting gain G′(n) based on the corrected current loop gain estimate ΔL′(n). 15. A hearing device according to claim 14 wherein the loop gain estimator is configured to multiply the gain reduction ΔG(n−1) one loop delay prior to the current time n with a leaking factor γ, where γ is smaller than 1. 16. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the signal processor comprises a combination unit configured to apply said resulting processor gain G′P to said electric input signal or to a signal originating therefrom. 17. A hearing device according to claim 1 wherein the loop gain controller for dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ is configured to apply a gain reduction ΔG, only if the estimated loop gain is within a given range. 18. A hearing device according to claim 1 being constituted by or comprising a hearing aid. 19. A method of operating a hearing device configured to be worn by a user at or in an ear, the method comprising
providing an electric input signal representing sound in the environment of the hearing device, thereby providing an input gain GI, processing said electric input signal, or a signal based thereon, and providing a processed signal, thereby determining a frequency and level dependent desired compressor gain GP to compensate for a hearing impairment of the user, and a resulting compressor gain G′P, providing output stimuli perceivable as sound for the user based on said processed signal, thereby providing an output gain, GO, a resulting forward path gain G′ being defined in a logarithmic representation as GI+G′P+GO, continuously estimating a current loop gain ΔL(n), configured to provide a loop gain estimate within a predefined number of feedback loop delays after a feedback buildup has started, wherein the loop gain estimate is calculated as the current level of a signal of the forward path at time index n minus the level of the same signal one feedback loop earlier, dynamically controlling said resulting forward path gain G′ in dependence of said estimate of said current loop gain ΔL(n), limiting a resulting loop gain, LG′, defined as a sum of the resulting forward path gain G′ and the feedback gain H when given in a logarithmic representation, to stay below a predefined value, and where H is the feedback gain exhibited by the feedback path from an output transducer to an input transducer of the hearing device. 20. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method of claim 19. | 2,800 |
341,538 | 16,801,875 | 2,844 | An apparatus comprising an interface and a processor. The interface may be configured to receive a spherical video stream. The processor may be configured to (a) generate an encoded spherical video stream from the spherical video stream, (b) select a target area for one or more frames of the encoded spherical video stream corresponding to a pre-determined region of interest, (c) encode entire fields of view of the one or more frames of the encoded spherical video stream using second parameters, (d) select and encode an additional area next to the target area using third parameters, and (e) transmit the encoded spherical video stream comprising the encoded target area, the encoded additional area, and encoded entire fields of view of the one or more frames to a playback device. | 1. A method for generating an encoded spherical video stream in response to video data captured by a plurality of sensors, comprising the steps of:
(A) selecting a target area for one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream corresponding to a pre-determined region of interest; (B) encoding said target area using first parameters; (C) encoding entire fields of view of one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream using second parameters; (D) selecting and encoding an additional area next to said target area using third parameters, wherein said additional area comprises two unconnected segments; and (E) transmitting said encoded spherical video stream comprising said encoded target area, said encoded additional area, and said encoded entire fields of view of said one or more frames to a playback device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said region of interest is determined in response to data received from said playback device. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said data received from said playback device comprises coordinates corresponding to a field of view currently visible on said playback device. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein (i) encoding using said first parameters generates a different bitrate than using said second parameters and (ii) encoding using said third parameters generates a different bitrate than using said first or said second parameters. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising repeating steps (A)-(E) in response to an update to said region of interest. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said update to said region of interest is generated after a pre-determined amount of time. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said region of interest is determined based on an input to said playback device by a user. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said input comprises a head movement of said user. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein said additional area is selected based on an average input to said playback device by a user. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein said average input comprises a movement corresponding to a small change to said region of interest. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein encoding using said second parameters results in a compression configured to reduce a bandwidth consumption when transmitting said encoded spherical video stream. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein said additional area is selected based at least one of (i) on a user configuration and (ii) a type of input the user is expected to provide. 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
in a first mode, said unconnected segments of said additional area are above and below said region of interest; and in a second mode, said unconnected segments of said additional area are to the left and to the right of said region of interest. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein encoding using said third parameters generates (a) a higher bitrate than using said second parameters and (b) a lower bitrate than using said first parameters. 15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
streaming said target area of said encoded spherical video stream encoded with said first parameters to said playback device as a first video stream; streaming said additional area of said encoded spherical video stream encoded with said third parameters to said playback device as a second video stream; streaming said one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream encoded with said second parameters to said playback device as a third video stream; and combining said first video stream, said second video stream and said third video stream using said playback device. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein (i) a spherical video stream is uploaded to a network from a camera, (ii) said network (a) encodes said target area using said first parameters, (b) encodes said additional area using said third parameters and (c) encodes said one or more frames using said second parameters, and (iii) said network transmits said target area encoded using said first parameters, said additional area encoded using said third parameters and said one or more frames of said video stream encoded using said second parameters to said playback device as said encoded spherical video stream. 17. An apparatus comprising:
an interface configured to receive a spherical video stream; and a processor configured to generate an encoded spherical video stream from said spherical video stream, wherein said processor (a) selects a target area for one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream corresponding to a pre-determined region of interest, (b) encodes said target area using first parameters, (c) encodes entire fields of view of said one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream using second parameters, (d) selects and encodes an additional area next to said target area using third parameters, and (e) transmits said encoded spherical video stream comprising said encoded target area, said encoded additional area, and encoded entire fields of view of said one or more frames to a playback device, wherein (i) said additional area comprises two unconnected segments, (ii) encoding using said first parameters generates a different bitrate than using said second parameters, and (iii) encoding using said third parameters generates a different bitrate than using said first or said second parameters. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said apparatus is configured to live stream said target area encoded using said first parameters, said additional area encoded using said third parameters, and said one or more frames encoded using said second parameters to said playback device. 19. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said playback device comprises a headset display. 20. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said region of interest is determined in response to data received from said playback device. | An apparatus comprising an interface and a processor. The interface may be configured to receive a spherical video stream. The processor may be configured to (a) generate an encoded spherical video stream from the spherical video stream, (b) select a target area for one or more frames of the encoded spherical video stream corresponding to a pre-determined region of interest, (c) encode entire fields of view of the one or more frames of the encoded spherical video stream using second parameters, (d) select and encode an additional area next to the target area using third parameters, and (e) transmit the encoded spherical video stream comprising the encoded target area, the encoded additional area, and encoded entire fields of view of the one or more frames to a playback device.1. A method for generating an encoded spherical video stream in response to video data captured by a plurality of sensors, comprising the steps of:
(A) selecting a target area for one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream corresponding to a pre-determined region of interest; (B) encoding said target area using first parameters; (C) encoding entire fields of view of one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream using second parameters; (D) selecting and encoding an additional area next to said target area using third parameters, wherein said additional area comprises two unconnected segments; and (E) transmitting said encoded spherical video stream comprising said encoded target area, said encoded additional area, and said encoded entire fields of view of said one or more frames to a playback device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said region of interest is determined in response to data received from said playback device. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said data received from said playback device comprises coordinates corresponding to a field of view currently visible on said playback device. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein (i) encoding using said first parameters generates a different bitrate than using said second parameters and (ii) encoding using said third parameters generates a different bitrate than using said first or said second parameters. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising repeating steps (A)-(E) in response to an update to said region of interest. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said update to said region of interest is generated after a pre-determined amount of time. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein said region of interest is determined based on an input to said playback device by a user. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said input comprises a head movement of said user. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein said additional area is selected based on an average input to said playback device by a user. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein said average input comprises a movement corresponding to a small change to said region of interest. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein encoding using said second parameters results in a compression configured to reduce a bandwidth consumption when transmitting said encoded spherical video stream. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein said additional area is selected based at least one of (i) on a user configuration and (ii) a type of input the user is expected to provide. 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein:
in a first mode, said unconnected segments of said additional area are above and below said region of interest; and in a second mode, said unconnected segments of said additional area are to the left and to the right of said region of interest. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein encoding using said third parameters generates (a) a higher bitrate than using said second parameters and (b) a lower bitrate than using said first parameters. 15. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
streaming said target area of said encoded spherical video stream encoded with said first parameters to said playback device as a first video stream; streaming said additional area of said encoded spherical video stream encoded with said third parameters to said playback device as a second video stream; streaming said one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream encoded with said second parameters to said playback device as a third video stream; and combining said first video stream, said second video stream and said third video stream using said playback device. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein (i) a spherical video stream is uploaded to a network from a camera, (ii) said network (a) encodes said target area using said first parameters, (b) encodes said additional area using said third parameters and (c) encodes said one or more frames using said second parameters, and (iii) said network transmits said target area encoded using said first parameters, said additional area encoded using said third parameters and said one or more frames of said video stream encoded using said second parameters to said playback device as said encoded spherical video stream. 17. An apparatus comprising:
an interface configured to receive a spherical video stream; and a processor configured to generate an encoded spherical video stream from said spherical video stream, wherein said processor (a) selects a target area for one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream corresponding to a pre-determined region of interest, (b) encodes said target area using first parameters, (c) encodes entire fields of view of said one or more frames of said encoded spherical video stream using second parameters, (d) selects and encodes an additional area next to said target area using third parameters, and (e) transmits said encoded spherical video stream comprising said encoded target area, said encoded additional area, and encoded entire fields of view of said one or more frames to a playback device, wherein (i) said additional area comprises two unconnected segments, (ii) encoding using said first parameters generates a different bitrate than using said second parameters, and (iii) encoding using said third parameters generates a different bitrate than using said first or said second parameters. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said apparatus is configured to live stream said target area encoded using said first parameters, said additional area encoded using said third parameters, and said one or more frames encoded using said second parameters to said playback device. 19. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said playback device comprises a headset display. 20. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said region of interest is determined in response to data received from said playback device. | 2,800 |
341,539 | 16,801,880 | 2,844 | A storage system capable of restoring a logical volume, including: a data control section that exercises control to additionally write data at a past point in time in the logical volume to a storage section; and a data management section that manages metadata about the data additionally written to the storage section by the data control section, the metadata being data for associating position information about the data in the logical volume with position information about the data in the storage section, and the data management section copying metadata at a predetermined point in time of issuance of a restore operation for the logical volume to the logical volume, and returning the logical volume into a state at the predetermined point in time. | 1. A storage system capable of restoring a logical volume, comprising:
a data control section that exercises control to additionally write data at a past point in time in the logical volume to a storage section; and a data management section that manages metadata about the data additionally written to the storage section by the data control section, wherein the metadata is data for associating position information about the data in the logical volume with position information about the data in the storage section, and the data management section copies metadata at a predetermined point in time of issuance of a restore operation for the logical volume to the logical volume, and returns the logical volume into a state at the predetermined point in time. 2. The storage system according to claim 1, wherein
the data management section abandons metadata at and after the predetermined point in time on a basis of a restore definitive determination operation. 3. The storage system according to claim 1, wherein
the data management section saves all associating data for associating the position information about the data in the logical volume with the position information about the data in the storage section at the predetermined point in time on a basis of the restore operation. 4. The storage system according to claim 3, wherein
the data management section abandons the associating data on a basis of a restore definitive determination operation. 5. The storage system according to claim 3, wherein
the data management section copies the associating data to the logical volume and abandons the associating data on the basis of an operation to return the logical volume into a state before restoring the logical volume. 6. The storage system according to claim 1, wherein
the data control section additionally writes the data whenever the data is updated. | A storage system capable of restoring a logical volume, including: a data control section that exercises control to additionally write data at a past point in time in the logical volume to a storage section; and a data management section that manages metadata about the data additionally written to the storage section by the data control section, the metadata being data for associating position information about the data in the logical volume with position information about the data in the storage section, and the data management section copying metadata at a predetermined point in time of issuance of a restore operation for the logical volume to the logical volume, and returning the logical volume into a state at the predetermined point in time.1. A storage system capable of restoring a logical volume, comprising:
a data control section that exercises control to additionally write data at a past point in time in the logical volume to a storage section; and a data management section that manages metadata about the data additionally written to the storage section by the data control section, wherein the metadata is data for associating position information about the data in the logical volume with position information about the data in the storage section, and the data management section copies metadata at a predetermined point in time of issuance of a restore operation for the logical volume to the logical volume, and returns the logical volume into a state at the predetermined point in time. 2. The storage system according to claim 1, wherein
the data management section abandons metadata at and after the predetermined point in time on a basis of a restore definitive determination operation. 3. The storage system according to claim 1, wherein
the data management section saves all associating data for associating the position information about the data in the logical volume with the position information about the data in the storage section at the predetermined point in time on a basis of the restore operation. 4. The storage system according to claim 3, wherein
the data management section abandons the associating data on a basis of a restore definitive determination operation. 5. The storage system according to claim 3, wherein
the data management section copies the associating data to the logical volume and abandons the associating data on the basis of an operation to return the logical volume into a state before restoring the logical volume. 6. The storage system according to claim 1, wherein
the data control section additionally writes the data whenever the data is updated. | 2,800 |
341,540 | 16,801,883 | 2,844 | A sensor system can comprise a light source configured to emit a light beam. Furthermore, the sensor system comprises one or more optical elements that is configured to homogenize the emitted light beam, which is directed toward a field of view (FOV) of the sensor system. Additionally, the sensor system comprises a detector with a plurality of photo detection devices, wherein each photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices is configured to receive at least a portion of photon energy of the light beam that is reflected back from one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system and generate at least one electrical signal based on the received photon energy. | 1. A sensor system, comprising:
a light source configured to emit a light beam with a wave length about 905 nm or 1550 nm; one or more optical elements configured to collimate, expand and homogenize the light beam, wherein the light beam is directed to one or more objects in a field of view of the sensor system; a detector with a plurality of units, wherein each unit of the plurality of units is configured to
receive at least a portion of photon energy of a reflected light beam that is reflected back from at least one point of a plurality of points on the one or more objects; and
convert the received photon energy to generate at least one electrical signal corresponding to the at least one point; and
a data processor configured to determine distance to each point of the plurality of points on the one or more objects based on the generated electrical signals. 2. A sensor system, comprising:
a light source configured to emit a light beam; one or more optical elements configured to homogenize the light beam, wherein the light beam is directed toward a field of view (FOV) of the sensor system; and a detector with a plurality of photo detection devices, wherein each photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices is configured to
receive at least a portion of photon energy of a reflected light beam that is reflected back from one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system; and
generate at least one electrical signal based on the received photon energy. 3. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the light source comprises one or more laser diodes or a surface emitting laser. 4. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein at least one photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices in the detector comprises an avalanche photodiode (APD) device. 5. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the APD device is coupled to a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) configured to read out one or more photo detection events based on the at least one generated electrical signal. 6. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the light beam has a wavelength of about 905 nm or 1550 nm. 7. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a beam expander. 8. The sensor system of claim 7, wherein the beam expander is configured to expand the light beam before the light beam is homogenized. 9. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a holographic filter. 10. The sensor system of claim 9, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a pair of lenses following the holographic filter, wherein the pair of lenses is configured to create a telecentric light field. 11. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise an adjustable mirror configured to adjust an incident angle of the light beam to direct the light beam to different angles in the FOV of the sensor system. 12. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of photo detection devices are arranged in a predetermined configuration. 13. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise one or more beam steering devices configured to steer the light beam to scan a surrounding environment of the sensor system. 14. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the detector is configured to detect distance information for the one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system, and wherein a data frame is used to represent the distance information in the FOV of the sensor system. 15. The sensor system of claim 14, wherein the data frame comprises a plurality of pixels, and each pixel of the plurality of pixels contains distance information corresponding to a reflection point in a particular section of the FOV. 16. The sensor system of claim 12, wherein the at least one electrical signal generated by a photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices corresponds to a particular pixel in a data frame representing the FOV of the sensor system. 17. A method for sensing one or more objects in a field of view (FOV) of a sensor system, comprising:
configuring one or more optical elements to homogenize a light beam, wherein the light beam is emitted from a light source and the homogenized light beam is directed toward the FOV of the sensor system; and configuring a detector with a plurality of photo detection devices, wherein each photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices is configured to
receive at least a portion of photon energy of a reflected light beam that is reflected back from one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system; and
generate at least one electrical signal based on the received photon energy. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more optical elements comprises a beam expander that is configured to expand the light beam before the light beam is homogenized. 19. The sensor system of claim 17, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a holographic filter. 20. The sensor system of claim 19, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a pair of lenses following the holographic filter, wherein the pair of lenses is configured to create a telecentric light field. | A sensor system can comprise a light source configured to emit a light beam. Furthermore, the sensor system comprises one or more optical elements that is configured to homogenize the emitted light beam, which is directed toward a field of view (FOV) of the sensor system. Additionally, the sensor system comprises a detector with a plurality of photo detection devices, wherein each photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices is configured to receive at least a portion of photon energy of the light beam that is reflected back from one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system and generate at least one electrical signal based on the received photon energy.1. A sensor system, comprising:
a light source configured to emit a light beam with a wave length about 905 nm or 1550 nm; one or more optical elements configured to collimate, expand and homogenize the light beam, wherein the light beam is directed to one or more objects in a field of view of the sensor system; a detector with a plurality of units, wherein each unit of the plurality of units is configured to
receive at least a portion of photon energy of a reflected light beam that is reflected back from at least one point of a plurality of points on the one or more objects; and
convert the received photon energy to generate at least one electrical signal corresponding to the at least one point; and
a data processor configured to determine distance to each point of the plurality of points on the one or more objects based on the generated electrical signals. 2. A sensor system, comprising:
a light source configured to emit a light beam; one or more optical elements configured to homogenize the light beam, wherein the light beam is directed toward a field of view (FOV) of the sensor system; and a detector with a plurality of photo detection devices, wherein each photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices is configured to
receive at least a portion of photon energy of a reflected light beam that is reflected back from one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system; and
generate at least one electrical signal based on the received photon energy. 3. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the light source comprises one or more laser diodes or a surface emitting laser. 4. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein at least one photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices in the detector comprises an avalanche photodiode (APD) device. 5. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the APD device is coupled to a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) configured to read out one or more photo detection events based on the at least one generated electrical signal. 6. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the light beam has a wavelength of about 905 nm or 1550 nm. 7. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a beam expander. 8. The sensor system of claim 7, wherein the beam expander is configured to expand the light beam before the light beam is homogenized. 9. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a holographic filter. 10. The sensor system of claim 9, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a pair of lenses following the holographic filter, wherein the pair of lenses is configured to create a telecentric light field. 11. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise an adjustable mirror configured to adjust an incident angle of the light beam to direct the light beam to different angles in the FOV of the sensor system. 12. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of photo detection devices are arranged in a predetermined configuration. 13. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise one or more beam steering devices configured to steer the light beam to scan a surrounding environment of the sensor system. 14. The sensor system of claim 2, wherein the detector is configured to detect distance information for the one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system, and wherein a data frame is used to represent the distance information in the FOV of the sensor system. 15. The sensor system of claim 14, wherein the data frame comprises a plurality of pixels, and each pixel of the plurality of pixels contains distance information corresponding to a reflection point in a particular section of the FOV. 16. The sensor system of claim 12, wherein the at least one electrical signal generated by a photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices corresponds to a particular pixel in a data frame representing the FOV of the sensor system. 17. A method for sensing one or more objects in a field of view (FOV) of a sensor system, comprising:
configuring one or more optical elements to homogenize a light beam, wherein the light beam is emitted from a light source and the homogenized light beam is directed toward the FOV of the sensor system; and configuring a detector with a plurality of photo detection devices, wherein each photo detection device of the plurality of photo detection devices is configured to
receive at least a portion of photon energy of a reflected light beam that is reflected back from one or more objects in the FOV of the sensor system; and
generate at least one electrical signal based on the received photon energy. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the one or more optical elements comprises a beam expander that is configured to expand the light beam before the light beam is homogenized. 19. The sensor system of claim 17, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a holographic filter. 20. The sensor system of claim 19, wherein the one or more optical elements comprise a pair of lenses following the holographic filter, wherein the pair of lenses is configured to create a telecentric light field. | 2,800 |
341,541 | 16,801,879 | 2,844 | According to one embodiment, a pattern forming method includes forming an organic layer on a first layer. The organic layer has a first region having a first thickness and a first width, a second region having a second thickness and a second width, and a third region located between the first region and the second region. The third region has a third thickness less than each of the first thickness and the second thickness and a third width. A second layer containing silicon oxide is then formed on a surface of the organic layer in a process chamber of a reactive ion etching device. The third region is then etched in the process chamber using the second layer as a mask. | 1. A pattern forming method, comprising:
forming an organic layer on a first layer, the organic layer having a first region of a first thickness and a first width, a second region of a second thickness and a second width, and a third region between the first region and the second region, the third region having a third width and a third thickness that is less than each of the first thickness and the second thickness; forming a second layer comprising silicon oxide on a surface of the organic layer in a process chamber of a reactive ion etching device; and etching the third region using the second layer as a mask in the process chamber. 2. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by dividing the difference between the first thickness and the third thickness by the third width is equal to 1 or more. 3. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein the first thickness is equal to the second thickness, and the first width is equal to the second width. 4. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the second layer on the first region is a fourth thickness, and a thickness of the second layer on the third region is a fifth thickness that is less than the fourth thickness. 5. The pattern forming method according to claim 4, wherein the fifth thickness is greater than 0 nm but less than or equal to 2 nm. 6. The pattern forming method according claim 1, wherein the third width is less than or equal to 40 nm. 7. The pattern forming method according claim 1, wherein a first pressure in the process chamber during the forming of the second layer is higher than a second pressure in the process chamber during the etching the third region. 8. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is etched using the organic layer as a mask after the etching of the third region. 9. The pattern forming method according to claim 8, wherein the etching of the first layer occurs in a different process chamber from that used for the forming of the second layer and the etching of the third region. 10. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein the organic layer includes a fourth region having a sixth thickness less than the first thickness and a fourth width greater than the third width, and the second layer on the fourth region is removed before the etching of the third region. 11. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a first layer on a substrate; forming a patterned organic layer on the first layer, the patterned organic layer having a first region of a first thickness and a first width, a second region of a second thickness and a second width, and a third region between the first region and the second region, the third region having a third width and a third thickness that is less than each of the first thickness and the second thickness; forming a second layer comprising silicon oxide on a surface of the patterned organic layer in a process chamber of a reactive ion etching device; and etching the third region using the second layer as a mask in the process chamber. 12. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein a value obtained by dividing the difference between the first thickness and the third thickness is equal to 1 or more. 13. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the first thickness is equal to the second thickness, and the first width is equal to the second width. 14. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein a thickness of the second layer on the first region is a fourth thickness, and a thickness of the second layer on the third region is a fifth thickness that is less than the fourth thickness. 15. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 14, wherein the fifth thickness is greater than 0 nm but less than or equal to 2 nm. 16. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the third width is less than or equal to 40 nm. 17. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein a first pressure in the process chamber during the forming of the second layer is higher than a second pressure in the process chamber during the etching of the third region. 18. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the first layer is etched using the patterned organic layer as a mask after the etching of the third region. 19. The pattern forming method according to claim 18, wherein the etching of the first layer occurs in a different process chamber from that used for the forming of the second layer and the etching of the third region. 20. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the patterned organic layer includes a fourth region having a sixth thickness less than the first thickness and a fourth width greater than the third width, and the second layer on the fourth region is removed before the etching of the third region. | According to one embodiment, a pattern forming method includes forming an organic layer on a first layer. The organic layer has a first region having a first thickness and a first width, a second region having a second thickness and a second width, and a third region located between the first region and the second region. The third region has a third thickness less than each of the first thickness and the second thickness and a third width. A second layer containing silicon oxide is then formed on a surface of the organic layer in a process chamber of a reactive ion etching device. The third region is then etched in the process chamber using the second layer as a mask.1. A pattern forming method, comprising:
forming an organic layer on a first layer, the organic layer having a first region of a first thickness and a first width, a second region of a second thickness and a second width, and a third region between the first region and the second region, the third region having a third width and a third thickness that is less than each of the first thickness and the second thickness; forming a second layer comprising silicon oxide on a surface of the organic layer in a process chamber of a reactive ion etching device; and etching the third region using the second layer as a mask in the process chamber. 2. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by dividing the difference between the first thickness and the third thickness by the third width is equal to 1 or more. 3. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein the first thickness is equal to the second thickness, and the first width is equal to the second width. 4. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the second layer on the first region is a fourth thickness, and a thickness of the second layer on the third region is a fifth thickness that is less than the fourth thickness. 5. The pattern forming method according to claim 4, wherein the fifth thickness is greater than 0 nm but less than or equal to 2 nm. 6. The pattern forming method according claim 1, wherein the third width is less than or equal to 40 nm. 7. The pattern forming method according claim 1, wherein a first pressure in the process chamber during the forming of the second layer is higher than a second pressure in the process chamber during the etching the third region. 8. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein the first layer is etched using the organic layer as a mask after the etching of the third region. 9. The pattern forming method according to claim 8, wherein the etching of the first layer occurs in a different process chamber from that used for the forming of the second layer and the etching of the third region. 10. The pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein the organic layer includes a fourth region having a sixth thickness less than the first thickness and a fourth width greater than the third width, and the second layer on the fourth region is removed before the etching of the third region. 11. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a first layer on a substrate; forming a patterned organic layer on the first layer, the patterned organic layer having a first region of a first thickness and a first width, a second region of a second thickness and a second width, and a third region between the first region and the second region, the third region having a third width and a third thickness that is less than each of the first thickness and the second thickness; forming a second layer comprising silicon oxide on a surface of the patterned organic layer in a process chamber of a reactive ion etching device; and etching the third region using the second layer as a mask in the process chamber. 12. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein a value obtained by dividing the difference between the first thickness and the third thickness is equal to 1 or more. 13. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the first thickness is equal to the second thickness, and the first width is equal to the second width. 14. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein a thickness of the second layer on the first region is a fourth thickness, and a thickness of the second layer on the third region is a fifth thickness that is less than the fourth thickness. 15. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 14, wherein the fifth thickness is greater than 0 nm but less than or equal to 2 nm. 16. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the third width is less than or equal to 40 nm. 17. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein a first pressure in the process chamber during the forming of the second layer is higher than a second pressure in the process chamber during the etching of the third region. 18. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the first layer is etched using the patterned organic layer as a mask after the etching of the third region. 19. The pattern forming method according to claim 18, wherein the etching of the first layer occurs in a different process chamber from that used for the forming of the second layer and the etching of the third region. 20. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to claim 11, wherein the patterned organic layer includes a fourth region having a sixth thickness less than the first thickness and a fourth width greater than the third width, and the second layer on the fourth region is removed before the etching of the third region. | 2,800 |
341,542 | 16,801,869 | 2,844 | A ventilation type air cleaner includes a housing having a central rotating shaft including a purification part, a washing part, and a sterilization part in a circumferential direction with respect to the central rotating shaft, a rotating unit installed to be rotatable about the central rotating shaft as a rotation center in the housing, a filter assembly detachably coupled to the rotating unit and configured to sequentially pass through the purification part, the washing part, and the sterilization part according to rotation of the rotating unit, an intake duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air introduced to the purification part, and an exhaust duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air discharged from the purification part. | 1. A ventilation type air cleaner comprising:
a housing having a central rotating shaft therein and including a purification part, a washing part, and a sterilization part in a circumferential direction with respect to the central rotating shaft; a rotating unit installed to be rotatable about the central rotating shaft as a rotation center in the housing; a filter assembly detachably coupled to the rotating unit and configured to sequentially pass through the purification part, the washing part, and the sterilization part according to rotation of the rotating unit; an intake duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air introduced to the purification part; and an exhaust duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air discharged from the purification part, wherein the intake duct and the exhaust duct are connected between the outside and a total heat exchanger so that external air flows into the total heat exchanger after passing through the purification part. 2. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the intake duct communicates with an outdoor area so that external air flows into the purification part, and the exhaust duct communicates with an external air inlet of the total heat exchanger so that air passing through the purification part flows into the total heat exchanger. 3. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 2, wherein
the housing includes: an intake port opened at an off-centered position with respect to the central rotating shaft at a lower portion of the housing, communicating with the purification part, and connected to the intake duct; and an exhaust port opened at an off-centered position with respect to the central rotating shaft at an upper portion of the housing, communicating with the purification part, and connected to the exhaust duct. 4. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the rotating unit includes a plurality of blocking plates disposed radially about the central rotating shaft, the filter assembly is disposed between the plurality of blocking plates, and wherein the ventilation type air cleaner further comprising: a driving unit configured to rotate the rotating unit such that regions between the plurality of blocking plates are located to correspond to the purification part, the washing part, and the sterilization part, respectively. 5. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, further comprising:
a spray unit configured to spray wash water and hot air to the filter assembly located at the washing part; and an ultraviolet irradiation unit configured to irradiate ultraviolet rays to the filter assembly located at the sterilization part. 6. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 5, wherein
the spray unit includes: a transfer pipe disposed in the central rotating shaft and extending along the central rotating shaft; a steam supply pipe connected to one side of the transfer pipe and configured to supply steam to the transfer pipe; a hot air supply pipe connected to one side of the transfer pipe and configured to supply hot air to the transfer pipe; and a spray nozzle connected to the other side of the transfer pipe and configured to spray steam and hot air to the filter assembly. 7. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 6, further comprising:
a bypass duct connected to each of the washing part and the indoor air inlet unit of the total heat exchanger; and a fan installed on at least one surface of the housing defining the washing part and configured to discharge hot air in the washing part to the bypass duct. 8. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the filter assembly includes a conductive fiber filter formed by coating a fiber material with conductive particles, and the intake duct or the purification part includes a fine dust charging part configured to charge fine dust introduced therein. 9. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 8, wherein
the conductive fiber filter is stacked in one direction to form a multi-stage form, a porosity of the conductive fiber filter gradually decreases along the one direction. 10. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the exhaust duct is equipped with a HEPA filter filtering ultrafine dust passing through the filter assembly. 11. A ventilation system comprising:
the ventilation type air cleaner configured to intake external air, purify the intaken external air, and discharge the purified air to a total heat exchanger according to claim 1; and an exhaust device configured to supply air discharged from the total heat exchanger to a room, wherein the exhaust device includes a discharge port; and an exhaust fan configured to intake air discharged from the total heat exchanger and discharge the intaken air to the discharge port. 12. The ventilation system of claim 11, wherein
the intake duct or the purification part of the ventilation type air cleaner includes a first sensor configured to measure air quality, and the exhaust device includes a second sensor configured to measure air quality. 13. The ventilation system of claim 12, further comprising:
a controller configured to transmit an alarm to a predetermined terminal when an air quality value detected by the second sensor exceeds a predetermined air quality value in a state in which the exhaust fan is actuated. 14. The ventilation system of claim 12, further comprising:
a controller configured to collect data measured by the first and second sensors and transmit air quality information related to the collected data to a predetermined terminal. 15. The ventilation system of claim 14, wherein
the air quality information is information schematizing air quality of the outside and the room. | A ventilation type air cleaner includes a housing having a central rotating shaft including a purification part, a washing part, and a sterilization part in a circumferential direction with respect to the central rotating shaft, a rotating unit installed to be rotatable about the central rotating shaft as a rotation center in the housing, a filter assembly detachably coupled to the rotating unit and configured to sequentially pass through the purification part, the washing part, and the sterilization part according to rotation of the rotating unit, an intake duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air introduced to the purification part, and an exhaust duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air discharged from the purification part.1. A ventilation type air cleaner comprising:
a housing having a central rotating shaft therein and including a purification part, a washing part, and a sterilization part in a circumferential direction with respect to the central rotating shaft; a rotating unit installed to be rotatable about the central rotating shaft as a rotation center in the housing; a filter assembly detachably coupled to the rotating unit and configured to sequentially pass through the purification part, the washing part, and the sterilization part according to rotation of the rotating unit; an intake duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air introduced to the purification part; and an exhaust duct connected to the housing and configured to guide a flow of air discharged from the purification part, wherein the intake duct and the exhaust duct are connected between the outside and a total heat exchanger so that external air flows into the total heat exchanger after passing through the purification part. 2. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the intake duct communicates with an outdoor area so that external air flows into the purification part, and the exhaust duct communicates with an external air inlet of the total heat exchanger so that air passing through the purification part flows into the total heat exchanger. 3. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 2, wherein
the housing includes: an intake port opened at an off-centered position with respect to the central rotating shaft at a lower portion of the housing, communicating with the purification part, and connected to the intake duct; and an exhaust port opened at an off-centered position with respect to the central rotating shaft at an upper portion of the housing, communicating with the purification part, and connected to the exhaust duct. 4. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the rotating unit includes a plurality of blocking plates disposed radially about the central rotating shaft, the filter assembly is disposed between the plurality of blocking plates, and wherein the ventilation type air cleaner further comprising: a driving unit configured to rotate the rotating unit such that regions between the plurality of blocking plates are located to correspond to the purification part, the washing part, and the sterilization part, respectively. 5. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, further comprising:
a spray unit configured to spray wash water and hot air to the filter assembly located at the washing part; and an ultraviolet irradiation unit configured to irradiate ultraviolet rays to the filter assembly located at the sterilization part. 6. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 5, wherein
the spray unit includes: a transfer pipe disposed in the central rotating shaft and extending along the central rotating shaft; a steam supply pipe connected to one side of the transfer pipe and configured to supply steam to the transfer pipe; a hot air supply pipe connected to one side of the transfer pipe and configured to supply hot air to the transfer pipe; and a spray nozzle connected to the other side of the transfer pipe and configured to spray steam and hot air to the filter assembly. 7. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 6, further comprising:
a bypass duct connected to each of the washing part and the indoor air inlet unit of the total heat exchanger; and a fan installed on at least one surface of the housing defining the washing part and configured to discharge hot air in the washing part to the bypass duct. 8. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the filter assembly includes a conductive fiber filter formed by coating a fiber material with conductive particles, and the intake duct or the purification part includes a fine dust charging part configured to charge fine dust introduced therein. 9. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 8, wherein
the conductive fiber filter is stacked in one direction to form a multi-stage form, a porosity of the conductive fiber filter gradually decreases along the one direction. 10. The ventilation type air cleaner of claim 1, wherein
the exhaust duct is equipped with a HEPA filter filtering ultrafine dust passing through the filter assembly. 11. A ventilation system comprising:
the ventilation type air cleaner configured to intake external air, purify the intaken external air, and discharge the purified air to a total heat exchanger according to claim 1; and an exhaust device configured to supply air discharged from the total heat exchanger to a room, wherein the exhaust device includes a discharge port; and an exhaust fan configured to intake air discharged from the total heat exchanger and discharge the intaken air to the discharge port. 12. The ventilation system of claim 11, wherein
the intake duct or the purification part of the ventilation type air cleaner includes a first sensor configured to measure air quality, and the exhaust device includes a second sensor configured to measure air quality. 13. The ventilation system of claim 12, further comprising:
a controller configured to transmit an alarm to a predetermined terminal when an air quality value detected by the second sensor exceeds a predetermined air quality value in a state in which the exhaust fan is actuated. 14. The ventilation system of claim 12, further comprising:
a controller configured to collect data measured by the first and second sensors and transmit air quality information related to the collected data to a predetermined terminal. 15. The ventilation system of claim 14, wherein
the air quality information is information schematizing air quality of the outside and the room. | 2,800 |
341,543 | 16,801,877 | 2,844 | A vehicle transport apparatus is formed by a first robot and a second robot that enter underneath a vehicle, lift up wheels of the vehicle, and travel. The first robot and the second robot each include omnidirectional wheels and each further include a right lifting arm and a left lifting arm that are freely rotatably movable between storage positions (right storage position and left storage position) where tips thereof are pointed toward a center of a body in a width direction and expanded positions (right expanded position and left expanded position) where the tips thereof are pointed toward the outside of the body in the width direction. | 1. A vehicle transport apparatus configured to transport a vehicle by lifting up wheels of the vehicle, comprising:
a first robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up front wheels of the vehicle, and travel; and a second robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up rear wheels of the vehicle, and travel, wherein the first robot and the second robot each include:
omnidirectional wheels configured to cause a body to freely travel and turn omnidirectionally, by operating in cooperation with each other;
a drive force transmitting mechanism configured to transmit a drive force to the omnidirectional wheels;
a right contact portion configured to contact a contact surface on one of a front side and a back side of one wheel of the wheels;
a right lifting arm configured to be freely rotationally movable between a right storage position at which a tip thereof points toward a center of the body in a width direction and a right expanded position at which the tip points toward a right side of the body in the width direction, and lift up the one wheel by drawing near the right contact portion while in contact with a contact surface on another of the front side and the back side of the one wheel at the right expanded position;
a left contact portion configured to contact a contact surface on one of a front side and a back side of another wheel of the wheels;
a left lifting arm configured to be freely rotationally movable between a left storage position at which a tip thereof points toward the center of the body in the width direction and a left expanded position at which the tip points toward a left side of the body in the width direction, and lift up the other wheel by drawing near the left contact portion while in contact with a contact surface on another of the front side and the back side of the other wheel at the left expanded position;
a right rotational force transmitting mechanism configured to transmit a rotational force to the right lifting arm; and
a left rotational force transmitting mechanism configured to transmit a rotational force to the left lifting arm. 2. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the right rotational force transmitting mechanism rotates the right lifting arm 180 degrees in a plane parallel to a ground surface, and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism rotates the left lifting arm 180 degrees in the plane parallel to the ground surface. 3. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the right contact portion is shaped as a rod that is fixed to the body and extends to the right side of the body in the width direction, and the left contact portion is shaped as a rod that is fixed to the body and extends to the left side of the body in the width direction. 4. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the first robot is a master device, and the second robot is a slave device. 5. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
operation timings of the right rotational force transmitting mechanism and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism of the first robot differ from operation timings of the right rotational force transmitting mechanism and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism of the second robot. 6. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
a total height of the first robot and a total height of the second robot are each less than 150 mm. 7. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
a drive mechanism is formed by the omnidirectional wheels and the drive force transmitting mechanism, a right load-bearing mechanism is formed by the right contact portion, the right lifting arm, and the right rotational force transmitting mechanism, a left load-bearing mechanism is formed by the left contact portion, the left lifting arm, and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism, the right load-bearing mechanism is arranged on a right side of the first robot and the second robot, the left load-bearing mechanism is arranged on a left side of the first robot and the second robot, and the drive mechanism is arranged between the right load-bearing mechanism and the left load-bearing mechanism. | A vehicle transport apparatus is formed by a first robot and a second robot that enter underneath a vehicle, lift up wheels of the vehicle, and travel. The first robot and the second robot each include omnidirectional wheels and each further include a right lifting arm and a left lifting arm that are freely rotatably movable between storage positions (right storage position and left storage position) where tips thereof are pointed toward a center of a body in a width direction and expanded positions (right expanded position and left expanded position) where the tips thereof are pointed toward the outside of the body in the width direction.1. A vehicle transport apparatus configured to transport a vehicle by lifting up wheels of the vehicle, comprising:
a first robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up front wheels of the vehicle, and travel; and a second robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up rear wheels of the vehicle, and travel, wherein the first robot and the second robot each include:
omnidirectional wheels configured to cause a body to freely travel and turn omnidirectionally, by operating in cooperation with each other;
a drive force transmitting mechanism configured to transmit a drive force to the omnidirectional wheels;
a right contact portion configured to contact a contact surface on one of a front side and a back side of one wheel of the wheels;
a right lifting arm configured to be freely rotationally movable between a right storage position at which a tip thereof points toward a center of the body in a width direction and a right expanded position at which the tip points toward a right side of the body in the width direction, and lift up the one wheel by drawing near the right contact portion while in contact with a contact surface on another of the front side and the back side of the one wheel at the right expanded position;
a left contact portion configured to contact a contact surface on one of a front side and a back side of another wheel of the wheels;
a left lifting arm configured to be freely rotationally movable between a left storage position at which a tip thereof points toward the center of the body in the width direction and a left expanded position at which the tip points toward a left side of the body in the width direction, and lift up the other wheel by drawing near the left contact portion while in contact with a contact surface on another of the front side and the back side of the other wheel at the left expanded position;
a right rotational force transmitting mechanism configured to transmit a rotational force to the right lifting arm; and
a left rotational force transmitting mechanism configured to transmit a rotational force to the left lifting arm. 2. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the right rotational force transmitting mechanism rotates the right lifting arm 180 degrees in a plane parallel to a ground surface, and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism rotates the left lifting arm 180 degrees in the plane parallel to the ground surface. 3. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the right contact portion is shaped as a rod that is fixed to the body and extends to the right side of the body in the width direction, and the left contact portion is shaped as a rod that is fixed to the body and extends to the left side of the body in the width direction. 4. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the first robot is a master device, and the second robot is a slave device. 5. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
operation timings of the right rotational force transmitting mechanism and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism of the first robot differ from operation timings of the right rotational force transmitting mechanism and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism of the second robot. 6. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
a total height of the first robot and a total height of the second robot are each less than 150 mm. 7. The vehicle transport apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
a drive mechanism is formed by the omnidirectional wheels and the drive force transmitting mechanism, a right load-bearing mechanism is formed by the right contact portion, the right lifting arm, and the right rotational force transmitting mechanism, a left load-bearing mechanism is formed by the left contact portion, the left lifting arm, and the left rotational force transmitting mechanism, the right load-bearing mechanism is arranged on a right side of the first robot and the second robot, the left load-bearing mechanism is arranged on a left side of the first robot and the second robot, and the drive mechanism is arranged between the right load-bearing mechanism and the left load-bearing mechanism. | 2,800 |
341,544 | 16,801,874 | 2,844 | A seating and restraint system is shown for joining the spigot and socket ends of two sections of plastic pipe to form a pipe joint. The socket pipe ends are preformed at the factory with an internal raceway which receives both a sealing ring and a companion gripping ring. The sealing ring is an elastomeric member having a periphery with a protruding ear formed at one circumferential location. The companion gripping ring is a hardened member having one opening gap in the circumference thereof. The protruding ear on the sealing ring fits within the opening gap in the gripping ring, engagement of the protruding ear within the opening gap serving to prevent extrusion of the sealing ring within the gap in the gripping ring and also limiting closure of the gripping ring after engagement of the spigot end with the socket pipe end as the pipe joint is assembled. | 1. A sealing and restraint system for joining a first longitudinal section of plastic pipe to a second longitudinal section of plastic pipe to form a secure pipe joint, each of the sections of plastic pipe each having a spigot for mating with a socket end of a next adjacent pipe section, the socket ends each being preformed with an internal raceway formed adjacent a mouth opening thereof which is formed during the manufacture of the pipe section, the sealing and restraint system comprising:
a sealing element installed within the raceway of the socket end of one section of plastic pipe, the sealing element comprising an elastomeric sealing ring having a periphery and having a protruding ear located at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof, the sealing element being installed by temporarily collapsing the sealing element inwardly upon itself and positioning the sealing element in the raceway, and thereafter allowing the sealing element to return to a normal uncollapsed state; a companion restraining element located within the raceway of the socket end of the same section of pipe, the restraining element comprising u hardened gripping ring having an external peripheral surface and an internal peripheral gripping surface, the griping ring having an opening gap at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof; wherein the protruding ear of the sealing ring engages and fits within the opening gap in the gripping ring when the gripping ring is installed within the raceway of the socket end of the section of plastic pipe, whereby engagement of the protruding ear within the opening gap serves to prevent extrusion of the sealing ring within the gap in the gripping ring and also limits closure of the gripping ring after engagement of the spigot end with the socket pipe end as the pipe joint is assembled. 2. The sealing and restraint system of claim 1, wherein the gripping ring has an external diameter and an internal diameter, and wherein the opening gap in the gripping ring can be forced closed to thereby temporarily decrease the external diameter of the gripping ring, so that it can be positioned within the raceway in the socket end of the plastic pipe. 3. The sealing and restraint system of claim 2, wherein the sealing ring and the gripping ring are provided with interlocking profiles which help to ensure retention of the sealing ring by the gripping ring after the sealing ring and gripping ring have been installed in the raceway within the socket end of the plastic pipe. 4. The sealing and restraint system of claim 3, wherein the sealing ring is formed as an annular gasket body made of a resilient elastomeric material, the annular gasket body having a leading nose region, an inner circumferential region and an outer circumferential region, the annular gasket body being installed within the raceway in the socket end of the plastic pipe so that the outer circumferential region forms a seal with the raceway and the inner circumferential region forms a sealing surface for an exterior surface of the mating spigot pipe end, and wherein a circumferential groove region is formed on the inner circumferential region of the gasket body which engages with a mating surface provided on the gripping ring to form the interlocking profile. 5. The sealing and restraint system of claim 4, wherein the gripping ring has a leading nose region and a trailing tail region, as viewed in profile, the external peripheral surface of the gripping ring including a conical region which interfaces with a mating conical surface provided in the raceway of the socket pipe end at a given interface angle, the interface angle being in the range from about 10 to 30 degrees. 6. The sealing and restraint system of claim 5, wherein the interface angle is in the range from about 15 to 20 degrees. 7. The sealing and restraint system of claim 5, wherein the external peripheral surface of the gripping ring also has a sharp circumferential protrusion which limits forward displacement of the gripping ring as it contacts the socket raceway, to thereby restrict the amount the gripping ring grips the pipe spigot end as the joint is being assembled. 8. A method of joining a first longitudinal section of plastic pipe to a second longitudinal section of plastic pipe to form a secure pipe joint, each of the sections of plastic pipe each having a spigot for mating with a socket end of a next adjacent pipe section, the socket ends each being preformed with an internal raceway formed adjacent a mouth opening thereof which is formed during the manufacture of the pipe section, the method comprising the steps of:
first, installing a sealing element within the raceway of the socket aid of one section of plastic pipe, the seating element comprising an elastomeric sealing ring having a periphery and having a protruding ear located at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof, the sealing element being installed by temporarily collapsing the sealing element inwardly upon itself and positioning the sealing element in the raceway, and thereafter allowing the sealing element to return to a normal uncollapsed state; next, installing a restraining element within the raceway of the socket end of the same section of pipe, the restraining element comprising a hardened gripping ring having an external peripheral surface and an internal peripheral gripping surface, the griping ring having an opening gap at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof: wherein the protruding ear of the sealing ring engages and fits within the opening gap in the gripping ring when the gripping ring is installed within the raceway of the socket aid of the section of plastic pipe, whereby engagement of the protruding ear within the opening gap serves to prevent extrusion of the sealing ring within the gap in the gripping ring and also limits closure of the gripping ring after engagement of the spigot aid with the socket pipe end as the pipe joint is assembled. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the two sections of plastic pipe are molecularly oriental plastic pipe. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the gripping ring has an external diameter and an internal diameter, and wherein the opening gap in the gripping ring can be forced closed to thereby temporarily decrease the external diameter of the gripping ring, so that it can be positioned within the raceway in the socket end of the plastic pipe. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the sealing ring and the gripping ring are provided with interlocking profiles which help to ensure retention of the sealing ring by the gripping ring after the sealing ring and gripping ring have been installed in the raceway within the socket end of the plastic pipe. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein the internal peripheral gripping surface of the gripping ring comprises a series of gripping teeth which allow movement of a mating spigot pipe end within the mouth opening of the spigot pipe end in a first longitudinal direction as the pipe joint is being assembled, but which restrain movement in a second, opposite longitudinal direction. | A seating and restraint system is shown for joining the spigot and socket ends of two sections of plastic pipe to form a pipe joint. The socket pipe ends are preformed at the factory with an internal raceway which receives both a sealing ring and a companion gripping ring. The sealing ring is an elastomeric member having a periphery with a protruding ear formed at one circumferential location. The companion gripping ring is a hardened member having one opening gap in the circumference thereof. The protruding ear on the sealing ring fits within the opening gap in the gripping ring, engagement of the protruding ear within the opening gap serving to prevent extrusion of the sealing ring within the gap in the gripping ring and also limiting closure of the gripping ring after engagement of the spigot end with the socket pipe end as the pipe joint is assembled.1. A sealing and restraint system for joining a first longitudinal section of plastic pipe to a second longitudinal section of plastic pipe to form a secure pipe joint, each of the sections of plastic pipe each having a spigot for mating with a socket end of a next adjacent pipe section, the socket ends each being preformed with an internal raceway formed adjacent a mouth opening thereof which is formed during the manufacture of the pipe section, the sealing and restraint system comprising:
a sealing element installed within the raceway of the socket end of one section of plastic pipe, the sealing element comprising an elastomeric sealing ring having a periphery and having a protruding ear located at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof, the sealing element being installed by temporarily collapsing the sealing element inwardly upon itself and positioning the sealing element in the raceway, and thereafter allowing the sealing element to return to a normal uncollapsed state; a companion restraining element located within the raceway of the socket end of the same section of pipe, the restraining element comprising u hardened gripping ring having an external peripheral surface and an internal peripheral gripping surface, the griping ring having an opening gap at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof; wherein the protruding ear of the sealing ring engages and fits within the opening gap in the gripping ring when the gripping ring is installed within the raceway of the socket end of the section of plastic pipe, whereby engagement of the protruding ear within the opening gap serves to prevent extrusion of the sealing ring within the gap in the gripping ring and also limits closure of the gripping ring after engagement of the spigot end with the socket pipe end as the pipe joint is assembled. 2. The sealing and restraint system of claim 1, wherein the gripping ring has an external diameter and an internal diameter, and wherein the opening gap in the gripping ring can be forced closed to thereby temporarily decrease the external diameter of the gripping ring, so that it can be positioned within the raceway in the socket end of the plastic pipe. 3. The sealing and restraint system of claim 2, wherein the sealing ring and the gripping ring are provided with interlocking profiles which help to ensure retention of the sealing ring by the gripping ring after the sealing ring and gripping ring have been installed in the raceway within the socket end of the plastic pipe. 4. The sealing and restraint system of claim 3, wherein the sealing ring is formed as an annular gasket body made of a resilient elastomeric material, the annular gasket body having a leading nose region, an inner circumferential region and an outer circumferential region, the annular gasket body being installed within the raceway in the socket end of the plastic pipe so that the outer circumferential region forms a seal with the raceway and the inner circumferential region forms a sealing surface for an exterior surface of the mating spigot pipe end, and wherein a circumferential groove region is formed on the inner circumferential region of the gasket body which engages with a mating surface provided on the gripping ring to form the interlocking profile. 5. The sealing and restraint system of claim 4, wherein the gripping ring has a leading nose region and a trailing tail region, as viewed in profile, the external peripheral surface of the gripping ring including a conical region which interfaces with a mating conical surface provided in the raceway of the socket pipe end at a given interface angle, the interface angle being in the range from about 10 to 30 degrees. 6. The sealing and restraint system of claim 5, wherein the interface angle is in the range from about 15 to 20 degrees. 7. The sealing and restraint system of claim 5, wherein the external peripheral surface of the gripping ring also has a sharp circumferential protrusion which limits forward displacement of the gripping ring as it contacts the socket raceway, to thereby restrict the amount the gripping ring grips the pipe spigot end as the joint is being assembled. 8. A method of joining a first longitudinal section of plastic pipe to a second longitudinal section of plastic pipe to form a secure pipe joint, each of the sections of plastic pipe each having a spigot for mating with a socket end of a next adjacent pipe section, the socket ends each being preformed with an internal raceway formed adjacent a mouth opening thereof which is formed during the manufacture of the pipe section, the method comprising the steps of:
first, installing a sealing element within the raceway of the socket aid of one section of plastic pipe, the seating element comprising an elastomeric sealing ring having a periphery and having a protruding ear located at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof, the sealing element being installed by temporarily collapsing the sealing element inwardly upon itself and positioning the sealing element in the raceway, and thereafter allowing the sealing element to return to a normal uncollapsed state; next, installing a restraining element within the raceway of the socket end of the same section of pipe, the restraining element comprising a hardened gripping ring having an external peripheral surface and an internal peripheral gripping surface, the griping ring having an opening gap at one circumferential location about the periphery thereof: wherein the protruding ear of the sealing ring engages and fits within the opening gap in the gripping ring when the gripping ring is installed within the raceway of the socket aid of the section of plastic pipe, whereby engagement of the protruding ear within the opening gap serves to prevent extrusion of the sealing ring within the gap in the gripping ring and also limits closure of the gripping ring after engagement of the spigot aid with the socket pipe end as the pipe joint is assembled. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the two sections of plastic pipe are molecularly oriental plastic pipe. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the gripping ring has an external diameter and an internal diameter, and wherein the opening gap in the gripping ring can be forced closed to thereby temporarily decrease the external diameter of the gripping ring, so that it can be positioned within the raceway in the socket end of the plastic pipe. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the sealing ring and the gripping ring are provided with interlocking profiles which help to ensure retention of the sealing ring by the gripping ring after the sealing ring and gripping ring have been installed in the raceway within the socket end of the plastic pipe. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein the internal peripheral gripping surface of the gripping ring comprises a series of gripping teeth which allow movement of a mating spigot pipe end within the mouth opening of the spigot pipe end in a first longitudinal direction as the pipe joint is being assembled, but which restrain movement in a second, opposite longitudinal direction. | 2,800 |
341,545 | 16,801,873 | 2,457 | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. | 1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation includes an exercise of authority and control over components of the augmented intelligence system. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive governance and assurance agent, the cognitive governance and assurance agent performing the cognitive governance and assurance operation during a cognitive agent governance and assurance phase. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation comprises management of availability, consistency, integrity, usability, security privacy and compliance of data and process used to perform the cognitive computing function. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function;
performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation includes an exercise of authority and control over components of the augmented intelligence system. 11. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive governance and assurance agent, the cognitive governance and assurance agent performing the cognitive governance and assurance operation during a cognitive agent governance and assurance phase. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation comprises management of availability, consistency, integrity, usability, security privacy and compliance of data and process used to perform the cognitive computing function. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation includes an exercise of authority and control over components of the augmented intelligence system. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive governance and assurance agent, the cognitive governance and assurance agent performing the cognitive governance and assurance operation during a cognitive agent governance and assurance phase. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation comprises management of availability, consistency, integrity, usability, security privacy and compliance of data and process used to perform the cognitive computing function. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights.1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation includes an exercise of authority and control over components of the augmented intelligence system. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive governance and assurance agent, the cognitive governance and assurance agent performing the cognitive governance and assurance operation during a cognitive agent governance and assurance phase. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation comprises management of availability, consistency, integrity, usability, security privacy and compliance of data and process used to perform the cognitive computing function. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function;
performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and,
providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation. 10. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation includes an exercise of authority and control over components of the augmented intelligence system. 11. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive governance and assurance agent, the cognitive governance and assurance agent performing the cognitive governance and assurance operation during a cognitive agent governance and assurance phase. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation comprises management of availability, consistency, integrity, usability, security privacy and compliance of data and process used to perform the cognitive computing function. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources to provide cognitively processed insights via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function; performing an augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation, the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation ensuring augmented intelligence performance of the cognitive computing function; and, providing the cognitively processed insights to a destination, the destination comprising a cognitive application, the cognitive application enabling a user to interact with the cognitive insights. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive process foundation. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein:
the cognitive process foundation performs the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation includes an exercise of authority and control over components of the augmented intelligence system. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive governance and assurance agent, the cognitive governance and assurance agent performing the cognitive governance and assurance operation during a cognitive agent governance and assurance phase. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence governance and assurance operation comprises management of availability, consistency, integrity, usability, security privacy and compliance of data and process used to perform the cognitive computing function. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | 2,400 |
341,546 | 16,801,887 | 2,457 | An image sensor includes a photodiode generating a charge in response to light, a transfer transistor connecting the photodiode and a floating diffusion, a reset transistor connected between the floating diffusion and a power node, a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and adjusting a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal, and a bias circuit having first and second current circuits for supplying different bias currents to an output node to which a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion is output. The boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off, and the reset transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state when the bias currents of the first and second current circuits are simultaneously provided to the output node. | 1. An image sensor, comprising:
a photodiode configured to generate a charge in response to light; a transfer transistor connecting the photodiode and a floating diffusion in response to a transmission control signal; a reset transistor connected between the floating diffusion and a power node; a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and configured to adjust a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal; and a bias circuit having a first current circuit and a second current circuit configured to supply different bias currents to an output node to which a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion is output, wherein the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off, and the reset transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state during a first time at which a first bias current of the first current circuit and a second bias current of the second current circuit are simultaneously provided to the output node. 2. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the transfer transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state, during a second time at which the second bias current of the second current circuit is provided to the output node, and
the second time is different from the first time. 3. The image sensor of claim 2, wherein the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level during the second time at which the second bias current of the second current circuit is provided to the output node. 4. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level before the transfer transistor is turned on. 5. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level after the transfer transistor is turned on. 6. The image sensor of claim 1, further comprising a selection transistor connected between the output node and the floating diffusion, and configured to output the voltage signal corresponding to the charge accumulated in the floating diffusion to the output node,
wherein the first bias current of the first current circuit is provided while the selection transistor is maintained in a turned off state. 7. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level after the reset transistor is turned off. 8. The image sensor of claim 7, wherein the reset transistor is turned on after the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level. 9. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the image sensor comprises a first semiconductor chip including the output node, and a second semiconductor chip connected to the output node through a metal pad,
the first semiconductor chip comprises the photodiode, the floating diffusion, the transfer transistor, the reset transistor, and the boosting capacitor, and the second semiconductor chip comprises the bias circuit. 10. An image sensor, comprising:
a photodiode configured to generate a charge in response to light; a transfer transistor connecting the photodiode and a floating diffusion in response to a transmission control signal; a reset transistor connected between the floating diffusion and a power node; and a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and configured to adjust a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level before the transfer transistor is turned on, and decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off. 11. The image sensor of claim 10, wherein a first bias current and a second bias current having different magnitudes from each other are input to an output node for one period of horizontal scan time, and
the output node outputs a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion. 12. The image sensor of claim 11, wherein the second bias current is input to the output node, in at least a portion of a time at which the first bias current is input to the output node. 13. The image sensor of claim 12, wherein the output node receives only the first bias current, in a portion of the horizontal scan time. 14. An image sensor, comprising:
a first semiconductor chip including a photodiode configured to generate a charge in response to light, a reset transistor connected between a floating diffusion and a power node, a transfer transistor configured to transfer the charge generated by the photodiode to the floating diffusion, a bias voltage supply terminal configured to supply a bias voltage to the photodiode and the floating diffusion, and an output node configured to output a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion; and a second semiconductor chip connected to the output node through a metal pad, and including a first current circuit configured to output a first bias current, wherein the bias voltage is a negative voltage with respect to a ground voltage of the second semiconductor chip. 15. The image sensor of claim 14, wherein the first semiconductor chip further comprises a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and configured to adjust a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal. 16. The image sensor of claim 15, wherein the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off. 17. The image sensor of claim 16, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level before the transfer transistor is turned on. 18. The image sensor of claim 16, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level after the transfer transistor is turned on. 19. The image sensor of claim 14, wherein the first semiconductor chip further comprises:
a source follower transistor configured to generate the voltage signal corresponding to the charge accumulated in the floating diffusion; and a selection transistor configured to transfer the voltage signal to the output node in response to a selection control signal. 20. The image sensor of claim 14, wherein the second semiconductor chip further comprises a second current circuit configured to output a second bias current, and
the reset transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state, during a first time at which the first bias current of the first current circuit and the second bias current of the second current circuit are simultaneously provided to the output node. | An image sensor includes a photodiode generating a charge in response to light, a transfer transistor connecting the photodiode and a floating diffusion, a reset transistor connected between the floating diffusion and a power node, a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and adjusting a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal, and a bias circuit having first and second current circuits for supplying different bias currents to an output node to which a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion is output. The boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off, and the reset transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state when the bias currents of the first and second current circuits are simultaneously provided to the output node.1. An image sensor, comprising:
a photodiode configured to generate a charge in response to light; a transfer transistor connecting the photodiode and a floating diffusion in response to a transmission control signal; a reset transistor connected between the floating diffusion and a power node; a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and configured to adjust a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal; and a bias circuit having a first current circuit and a second current circuit configured to supply different bias currents to an output node to which a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion is output, wherein the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off, and the reset transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state during a first time at which a first bias current of the first current circuit and a second bias current of the second current circuit are simultaneously provided to the output node. 2. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the transfer transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state, during a second time at which the second bias current of the second current circuit is provided to the output node, and
the second time is different from the first time. 3. The image sensor of claim 2, wherein the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level during the second time at which the second bias current of the second current circuit is provided to the output node. 4. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level before the transfer transistor is turned on. 5. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level after the transfer transistor is turned on. 6. The image sensor of claim 1, further comprising a selection transistor connected between the output node and the floating diffusion, and configured to output the voltage signal corresponding to the charge accumulated in the floating diffusion to the output node,
wherein the first bias current of the first current circuit is provided while the selection transistor is maintained in a turned off state. 7. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level after the reset transistor is turned off. 8. The image sensor of claim 7, wherein the reset transistor is turned on after the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level. 9. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the image sensor comprises a first semiconductor chip including the output node, and a second semiconductor chip connected to the output node through a metal pad,
the first semiconductor chip comprises the photodiode, the floating diffusion, the transfer transistor, the reset transistor, and the boosting capacitor, and the second semiconductor chip comprises the bias circuit. 10. An image sensor, comprising:
a photodiode configured to generate a charge in response to light; a transfer transistor connecting the photodiode and a floating diffusion in response to a transmission control signal; a reset transistor connected between the floating diffusion and a power node; and a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and configured to adjust a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level before the transfer transistor is turned on, and decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off. 11. The image sensor of claim 10, wherein a first bias current and a second bias current having different magnitudes from each other are input to an output node for one period of horizontal scan time, and
the output node outputs a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion. 12. The image sensor of claim 11, wherein the second bias current is input to the output node, in at least a portion of a time at which the first bias current is input to the output node. 13. The image sensor of claim 12, wherein the output node receives only the first bias current, in a portion of the horizontal scan time. 14. An image sensor, comprising:
a first semiconductor chip including a photodiode configured to generate a charge in response to light, a reset transistor connected between a floating diffusion and a power node, a transfer transistor configured to transfer the charge generated by the photodiode to the floating diffusion, a bias voltage supply terminal configured to supply a bias voltage to the photodiode and the floating diffusion, and an output node configured to output a voltage signal corresponding to a charge accumulated in the floating diffusion; and a second semiconductor chip connected to the output node through a metal pad, and including a first current circuit configured to output a first bias current, wherein the bias voltage is a negative voltage with respect to a ground voltage of the second semiconductor chip. 15. The image sensor of claim 14, wherein the first semiconductor chip further comprises a boosting capacitor connected to the floating diffusion, and configured to adjust a capacity of the floating diffusion in response to a boosting control signal. 16. The image sensor of claim 15, wherein the boosting control signal decreases from a high level to a low level after the transfer transistor is turned off. 17. The image sensor of claim 16, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level before the transfer transistor is turned on. 18. The image sensor of claim 16, wherein the boosting control signal increases from a low level to a high level after the transfer transistor is turned on. 19. The image sensor of claim 14, wherein the first semiconductor chip further comprises:
a source follower transistor configured to generate the voltage signal corresponding to the charge accumulated in the floating diffusion; and a selection transistor configured to transfer the voltage signal to the output node in response to a selection control signal. 20. The image sensor of claim 14, wherein the second semiconductor chip further comprises a second current circuit configured to output a second bias current, and
the reset transistor is switched from a turned on state to a turned off state, during a first time at which the first bias current of the first current circuit and the second bias current of the second current circuit are simultaneously provided to the output node. | 2,400 |
341,547 | 16,801,867 | 2,457 | A steering control device for a steering system includes an electronic control unit configured to: calculate target torque that is a target value of the motor torque; control operation of the motor; calculate a vehicle speed basic axial force based on a detected vehicle speed; calculate another state quantity basic axial force based on a state quantity other than the detected vehicle speed; calculate a distributed axial force by adding the vehicle speed basic axial force and the other state quantity basic axial force at individually set distribution ratios; calculate the target torque based on the distributed axial force; and reduce the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal as compared to when the detected vehicle speed is normal. | 1. A steering control device for a steering system that changes steering torque required to steer a steering wheel according to motor torque that is applied by an actuator using a motor as a driving source of the actuator, the steering control device comprising
an electronic control unit configured to: calculate target torque that is a target value of the motor torque; control operation of the motor such that the motor torque is generated according to the target torque; calculate a vehicle speed basic axial force based on a detected vehicle speed; calculate another state quantity basic axial force based on a state quantity other than the detected vehicle speed; calculate a distributed axial force by adding the vehicle speed basic axial force and the other state quantity basic axial force at individually set distribution ratios; calculate the target torque based on the distributed axial force; and reduce the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal as compared to when the detected vehicle speed is normal. 2. The steering control device according to claim 1, wherein the electronic control unit is configured to set the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force to zero when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal. 3. The steering control device according to claim 1, wherein:
the vehicle speed basic axial force is at least one of an angle axial force that does not include road surface information and a vehicle state quantity axial force including information that is transmittable through a change in lateral behavior of a vehicle out of the road surface information; and the other state quantity basic axial force is a road surface axial force including the road surface information. 4. The steering control device according to claim 1, wherein:
the steering system has a structure in which power transmission to and from a steering unit is separated from power transmission to and from a steered unit that steers a steered wheel according to steering that is input to the steering unit; the motor is a steering-side motor that applies the motor torque as a steering reaction force that is a force against the steering that is input to the steering unit; and the electronic control unit is configured to calculate, as the target torque, target reaction torque that is a target value of the steering reaction force. 5. A method for controlling a steering system that changes steering torque required to steer a steering wheel according to motor torque that is applied by an actuator using a motor as a driving source of the actuator, the method comprising:
calculating, by an electronic control unit, target torque that is a target value of the motor torque; controlling, by the electronic control unit, operation of the motor such that the motor torque is generated according to the target torque; calculating, by the electronic control unit, a vehicle speed basic axial force based on a detected vehicle speed; calculating, by the electronic control unit, another state quantity basic axial force based on a state quantity other than the detected vehicle speed; calculating, by the electronic control unit, a distributed axial force by adding the vehicle speed basic axial force and the other state quantity basic axial force at individually set distribution ratios; calculating, by the electronic control unit, the target torque based on the distributed axial force; and reducing, by the electronic control unit, the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal as compared to when the detected vehicle speed is normal. | A steering control device for a steering system includes an electronic control unit configured to: calculate target torque that is a target value of the motor torque; control operation of the motor; calculate a vehicle speed basic axial force based on a detected vehicle speed; calculate another state quantity basic axial force based on a state quantity other than the detected vehicle speed; calculate a distributed axial force by adding the vehicle speed basic axial force and the other state quantity basic axial force at individually set distribution ratios; calculate the target torque based on the distributed axial force; and reduce the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal as compared to when the detected vehicle speed is normal.1. A steering control device for a steering system that changes steering torque required to steer a steering wheel according to motor torque that is applied by an actuator using a motor as a driving source of the actuator, the steering control device comprising
an electronic control unit configured to: calculate target torque that is a target value of the motor torque; control operation of the motor such that the motor torque is generated according to the target torque; calculate a vehicle speed basic axial force based on a detected vehicle speed; calculate another state quantity basic axial force based on a state quantity other than the detected vehicle speed; calculate a distributed axial force by adding the vehicle speed basic axial force and the other state quantity basic axial force at individually set distribution ratios; calculate the target torque based on the distributed axial force; and reduce the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal as compared to when the detected vehicle speed is normal. 2. The steering control device according to claim 1, wherein the electronic control unit is configured to set the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force to zero when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal. 3. The steering control device according to claim 1, wherein:
the vehicle speed basic axial force is at least one of an angle axial force that does not include road surface information and a vehicle state quantity axial force including information that is transmittable through a change in lateral behavior of a vehicle out of the road surface information; and the other state quantity basic axial force is a road surface axial force including the road surface information. 4. The steering control device according to claim 1, wherein:
the steering system has a structure in which power transmission to and from a steering unit is separated from power transmission to and from a steered unit that steers a steered wheel according to steering that is input to the steering unit; the motor is a steering-side motor that applies the motor torque as a steering reaction force that is a force against the steering that is input to the steering unit; and the electronic control unit is configured to calculate, as the target torque, target reaction torque that is a target value of the steering reaction force. 5. A method for controlling a steering system that changes steering torque required to steer a steering wheel according to motor torque that is applied by an actuator using a motor as a driving source of the actuator, the method comprising:
calculating, by an electronic control unit, target torque that is a target value of the motor torque; controlling, by the electronic control unit, operation of the motor such that the motor torque is generated according to the target torque; calculating, by the electronic control unit, a vehicle speed basic axial force based on a detected vehicle speed; calculating, by the electronic control unit, another state quantity basic axial force based on a state quantity other than the detected vehicle speed; calculating, by the electronic control unit, a distributed axial force by adding the vehicle speed basic axial force and the other state quantity basic axial force at individually set distribution ratios; calculating, by the electronic control unit, the target torque based on the distributed axial force; and reducing, by the electronic control unit, the distribution ratio of the vehicle speed basic axial force when the detected vehicle speed is abnormal as compared to when the detected vehicle speed is normal. | 2,400 |
341,548 | 16,801,882 | 2,497 | A system and method for providing users with access to expanded content relating to their personal interests, purchases or proclivities, uses prior user activities to determine and expand upon their interests. Information from a user's web browser history, search history, video stream selections, television show selections, movie selections, purchases and activities is gathered and metadata is extracted. Categories of interest are associated with extracted metadata, and are associated with a positivity level relative to the user, such as ratings, likes, frequency of use, postings, and the like. Categories with sufficiently high positivity are subject to an inter-domain search which returns additional content that may be of particular interest to the user. | 1. A system comprising:
memory; a data interface; a geolocation system configured to generate location data corresponding to tracked movement and location of an identified user; and a processor,
the processor configured to receive user-to-entertainment artifact interaction data corresponding to the identified user via the data interface,
the processor further configured to determine a travel history of the identified user in accordance with generated location data,
the processor further configured to extract metadata corresponding to one or more content categories from received artifact interaction data,
the processor further configured to identify positive user association with one or more content categories in accordance with extracted metadata and a determined travel history of the identified user,
the processor further configured to complete a multi-domain network search for each content category identified as positive, and
the processor further configured to communicate results from the multi-domain network search to a user device associated with the identified user. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the artifact interaction data includes two or more of user browser history, user entertainment choices, user travel history, user posts or user purchase history. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the processor is further configured to extract the metadata in accordance with natural language processing of the artifact interaction data. 4. The system of claim 3 wherein the processor is further configured to complete the multi-domain network search without any user identifiable information. 5. The system of claim 3 wherein the processor is further configured to communicate the results from the multi-domain network search as one or more of audio content, video content, websites, events, products or services. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the results from the multi-domain network search include supplier links for products or services, ticketing services for events, travel destinations or identification of sources for video or audio content. 7. The system of claim 6 wherein the processor is further configured to periodically receive updated user-to-artifact interaction data so as to generate updated results from a new multi-domain network search. 8. The system of claim 1 wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine a positivity ratio for each content category associated with extracted data, and
selecting content categories associated with positivity ratios above a preselected threshold. 9. A method comprising:
receiving user-to-entertainment artifact interaction data corresponding to an identified user via a data interface; generating location data corresponding to tracked movement and location of the identified user; determining a travel history of the identified user in accordance with generated location data; extracting, via a processor, metadata corresponding to one or more content categories from received artifact interaction data; identify positive user association with one or more content categories in accordance with extracted metadata and a determined travel history of the identified user via the processor; completing, via the processor, a multi-domain network search for each content category identified as positive; and communicating results from the multi-domain network search to a user device associated with the identified user via the data interface. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the artifact interaction data includes two or more of user browser history, user entertainment choices, user travel history, user posts or user purchase history. 11. The method of claim 10 further comprising extracting the metadata in accordance with natural language processing of the artifact interaction data. 12. The method of claim 11 further comprising completing multi-domain network search without any user identifiable information. 13. The method of claim 12 further comprising communicating the results from the multi-domain network search to one or more of audio content, video content, websites, events, products and services. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the results from the multi-domain network search include supplier links for products or services, ticketing services for events, travel destinations or identification of sources for video or audio content. 15. The method of claim 14 further comprising periodically receiving updated user-to-artifact interaction data so as to generate updated results from a new multi-domain network search. 16. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
determining a positivity ratio for each content category associated with extracted data, and
selecting content categories associated with positivity ratios above a preselected threshold. 17. A method comprising:
establishing a data connection with a computer of an identified user via a data interface; retrieving, into memory, browser history data from the computer via the data interface; retrieving, into the memory, purchase history data corresponding to prior purchases made by the user; generating location data corresponding to tracked movement and location of the user; extracting metadata from the browser history data and the purchase history data; identifying entertainment artifacts directed to the user in accordance with extracted metadata; determining a travel history of the user in accordance with generated location data; performing a multi-domain search in accordance with identified artifacts and determined travel history of the user; receiving entertainment content from the multi-domain search corresponding to the identified artifacts; and displaying received entertainment content to the identified user on a user interface display. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the entertainment content include one or more of sports, movies, events, websites, products, services or music preferences associated with the user. 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising identifying a subset of entertainment artifacts as being indicative of a positive association with the user, and performing the multi-domain search on the identified subset of entertainment artifacts. 20. (canceled) | A system and method for providing users with access to expanded content relating to their personal interests, purchases or proclivities, uses prior user activities to determine and expand upon their interests. Information from a user's web browser history, search history, video stream selections, television show selections, movie selections, purchases and activities is gathered and metadata is extracted. Categories of interest are associated with extracted metadata, and are associated with a positivity level relative to the user, such as ratings, likes, frequency of use, postings, and the like. Categories with sufficiently high positivity are subject to an inter-domain search which returns additional content that may be of particular interest to the user.1. A system comprising:
memory; a data interface; a geolocation system configured to generate location data corresponding to tracked movement and location of an identified user; and a processor,
the processor configured to receive user-to-entertainment artifact interaction data corresponding to the identified user via the data interface,
the processor further configured to determine a travel history of the identified user in accordance with generated location data,
the processor further configured to extract metadata corresponding to one or more content categories from received artifact interaction data,
the processor further configured to identify positive user association with one or more content categories in accordance with extracted metadata and a determined travel history of the identified user,
the processor further configured to complete a multi-domain network search for each content category identified as positive, and
the processor further configured to communicate results from the multi-domain network search to a user device associated with the identified user. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the artifact interaction data includes two or more of user browser history, user entertainment choices, user travel history, user posts or user purchase history. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the processor is further configured to extract the metadata in accordance with natural language processing of the artifact interaction data. 4. The system of claim 3 wherein the processor is further configured to complete the multi-domain network search without any user identifiable information. 5. The system of claim 3 wherein the processor is further configured to communicate the results from the multi-domain network search as one or more of audio content, video content, websites, events, products or services. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the results from the multi-domain network search include supplier links for products or services, ticketing services for events, travel destinations or identification of sources for video or audio content. 7. The system of claim 6 wherein the processor is further configured to periodically receive updated user-to-artifact interaction data so as to generate updated results from a new multi-domain network search. 8. The system of claim 1 wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine a positivity ratio for each content category associated with extracted data, and
selecting content categories associated with positivity ratios above a preselected threshold. 9. A method comprising:
receiving user-to-entertainment artifact interaction data corresponding to an identified user via a data interface; generating location data corresponding to tracked movement and location of the identified user; determining a travel history of the identified user in accordance with generated location data; extracting, via a processor, metadata corresponding to one or more content categories from received artifact interaction data; identify positive user association with one or more content categories in accordance with extracted metadata and a determined travel history of the identified user via the processor; completing, via the processor, a multi-domain network search for each content category identified as positive; and communicating results from the multi-domain network search to a user device associated with the identified user via the data interface. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the artifact interaction data includes two or more of user browser history, user entertainment choices, user travel history, user posts or user purchase history. 11. The method of claim 10 further comprising extracting the metadata in accordance with natural language processing of the artifact interaction data. 12. The method of claim 11 further comprising completing multi-domain network search without any user identifiable information. 13. The method of claim 12 further comprising communicating the results from the multi-domain network search to one or more of audio content, video content, websites, events, products and services. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the results from the multi-domain network search include supplier links for products or services, ticketing services for events, travel destinations or identification of sources for video or audio content. 15. The method of claim 14 further comprising periodically receiving updated user-to-artifact interaction data so as to generate updated results from a new multi-domain network search. 16. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
determining a positivity ratio for each content category associated with extracted data, and
selecting content categories associated with positivity ratios above a preselected threshold. 17. A method comprising:
establishing a data connection with a computer of an identified user via a data interface; retrieving, into memory, browser history data from the computer via the data interface; retrieving, into the memory, purchase history data corresponding to prior purchases made by the user; generating location data corresponding to tracked movement and location of the user; extracting metadata from the browser history data and the purchase history data; identifying entertainment artifacts directed to the user in accordance with extracted metadata; determining a travel history of the user in accordance with generated location data; performing a multi-domain search in accordance with identified artifacts and determined travel history of the user; receiving entertainment content from the multi-domain search corresponding to the identified artifacts; and displaying received entertainment content to the identified user on a user interface display. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the entertainment content include one or more of sports, movies, events, websites, products, services or music preferences associated with the user. 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising identifying a subset of entertainment artifacts as being indicative of a positive association with the user, and performing the multi-domain search on the identified subset of entertainment artifacts. 20. (canceled) | 2,400 |
341,549 | 16,801,844 | 2,497 | A collision avoidance and road safety system is applied to a road network comprised of a plurality of road segments for a location to produce real time or dynamic forecasting of collision risk and root causes of the potential collision. | 1. A method of determining a collision risk forecast and root cause of a collision risk for road segments of a road network comprising the steps of:
a computer receiving data representative of real time conditions, real time social events, and historic conditions associated with road segments from a plurality of devices; the computer determining a probability of collision risk for each road segment including the root cause comprising the steps of the computer:
determining all road segments of the road network from the data representative of real time conditions and social events;
applying data representative of historical conditions to each road segment to down sample data to account for imbalances and determine a number of collisions in each road segment;
determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions for each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions;
applying models to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment;
spatially smoothing the conditional probability of each road segment to determine a collision risk index with continuous metrics to create a spatial low pass filter;
applying the spatial low pass filter to each road segment to remove discontinuities; and
simulating continuous probability to determine a road network risk estimation with a collision risk forecast and root cause of the collision risk for each road segment;
the computer sending a notification to at least some of the plurality of devices regarding the collision risk and root causes of collision for at least one road segment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of devices receiving the notification are located in the at least one road segment with the collision risk. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions is determined by exploratory factor analysis. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the model applied to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment is Bayesian Network Inference. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of devices are selected from a group consisting of: traffic signals, traffic cameras, security cameras, vehicle sensors personal devices of users in the at least one road segment, devices associated with emergency services, devices associated with traffic officials and devices associated with law enforcement. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is for a future time period from when the real time data was captured by the plurality of devices. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of driver behavior. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of vehicle. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a road type present in the each road segment. 10. A computer program product for determining a collision risk forecast and root cause of a collision risk for road segments of a road network using a decision making engine having a computer comprising at least one processor, one or more memories, one or more computer readable storage media, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by the computer to perform a method comprising:
receiving, by the computer, data representative of real time conditions, real time social events, and historic conditions associated with each road segment from a plurality of devices; determining, by the computer, a probability of collision risk for each road segment including the root cause comprising the program instructions of:
identifying all road segments of the road network from the data representative of real time conditions and social events;
applying data representative of historical conditions to each road segment to down sample data to account for imbalances and determine a number of collisions in each road segment;
determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions;
applying models to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment;
spatially smoothing the conditional probability of each road segment to determine a collision risk index with continuous metrics to create a spatial low pass filter;
applying the spatial low pass filter to each road segment to remove discontinuities; and
simulating continuous probability to determine a road network risk estimation with a collision risk forecast and root cause of the collision risk for each road segment;
sending, by the computer, a notification to at least some of the plurality of devices regarding the collision risk and root causes of collision for the at least one road segment. 11. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the plurality of devices receiving the notification are located in the at least one road segment with the collision risk. 12. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the program instructions of determining, by the computer, major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions is determined by exploratory factor analysis. 13. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the model applied to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment is Bayesian Network Inference. 14. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is for a future time period from when the real time data was captured by the plurality of devices. 15. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of driver behavior. 16. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of vehicle. 17. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a road type present in each road segment. 18. A computer system for determining a collision risk forecast and root cause of a collision risk for road segments of a road network comprising a decision making engine having a computer comprising at least one processor, one or more memories, one or more computer readable storage media having program instructions executable by the computer to perform the program instructions comprising:
receiving, by the computer, data representative of real time conditions, real time social events, and historic conditions associated with each road segment from a plurality of devices; determining, by the computer, a probability of collision risk for each road segment including the root cause comprising the program instructions of:
identifying all road segments of the road network from the data representative of real time conditions and social events;
applying data representative of historical conditions to each road segment to down sample data to account for imbalances and determine a number of collisions in each road segment;
determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions;
applying models to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment;
spatially smoothing the conditional probability of each road segment to determine a collision risk index with continuous metrics to create a spatial low pass filter;
applying the spatial low pass filter to each road segment to remove discontinuities; and
simulating continuous probability to determine a road network risk estimation with a collision risk forecast and root cause of the collision risk for each road segment;
sending, by the computer, a notification to at least some of the plurality of devices regarding the collision risk and root causes of collision for the at least one road segment. 19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the program instructions of determining, by the computer, major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions is determined by exploratory factor analysis. 20. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the model applied to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment is Bayesian Network Inference. | A collision avoidance and road safety system is applied to a road network comprised of a plurality of road segments for a location to produce real time or dynamic forecasting of collision risk and root causes of the potential collision.1. A method of determining a collision risk forecast and root cause of a collision risk for road segments of a road network comprising the steps of:
a computer receiving data representative of real time conditions, real time social events, and historic conditions associated with road segments from a plurality of devices; the computer determining a probability of collision risk for each road segment including the root cause comprising the steps of the computer:
determining all road segments of the road network from the data representative of real time conditions and social events;
applying data representative of historical conditions to each road segment to down sample data to account for imbalances and determine a number of collisions in each road segment;
determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions for each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions;
applying models to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment;
spatially smoothing the conditional probability of each road segment to determine a collision risk index with continuous metrics to create a spatial low pass filter;
applying the spatial low pass filter to each road segment to remove discontinuities; and
simulating continuous probability to determine a road network risk estimation with a collision risk forecast and root cause of the collision risk for each road segment;
the computer sending a notification to at least some of the plurality of devices regarding the collision risk and root causes of collision for at least one road segment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of devices receiving the notification are located in the at least one road segment with the collision risk. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions is determined by exploratory factor analysis. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the model applied to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment is Bayesian Network Inference. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of devices are selected from a group consisting of: traffic signals, traffic cameras, security cameras, vehicle sensors personal devices of users in the at least one road segment, devices associated with emergency services, devices associated with traffic officials and devices associated with law enforcement. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is for a future time period from when the real time data was captured by the plurality of devices. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of driver behavior. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of vehicle. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a road type present in the each road segment. 10. A computer program product for determining a collision risk forecast and root cause of a collision risk for road segments of a road network using a decision making engine having a computer comprising at least one processor, one or more memories, one or more computer readable storage media, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by the computer to perform a method comprising:
receiving, by the computer, data representative of real time conditions, real time social events, and historic conditions associated with each road segment from a plurality of devices; determining, by the computer, a probability of collision risk for each road segment including the root cause comprising the program instructions of:
identifying all road segments of the road network from the data representative of real time conditions and social events;
applying data representative of historical conditions to each road segment to down sample data to account for imbalances and determine a number of collisions in each road segment;
determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions;
applying models to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment;
spatially smoothing the conditional probability of each road segment to determine a collision risk index with continuous metrics to create a spatial low pass filter;
applying the spatial low pass filter to each road segment to remove discontinuities; and
simulating continuous probability to determine a road network risk estimation with a collision risk forecast and root cause of the collision risk for each road segment;
sending, by the computer, a notification to at least some of the plurality of devices regarding the collision risk and root causes of collision for the at least one road segment. 11. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the plurality of devices receiving the notification are located in the at least one road segment with the collision risk. 12. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the program instructions of determining, by the computer, major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions is determined by exploratory factor analysis. 13. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the model applied to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment is Bayesian Network Inference. 14. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is for a future time period from when the real time data was captured by the plurality of devices. 15. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of driver behavior. 16. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a type of vehicle. 17. The computer program product of claim 10, wherein the collision risk forecast is specific to a road type present in each road segment. 18. A computer system for determining a collision risk forecast and root cause of a collision risk for road segments of a road network comprising a decision making engine having a computer comprising at least one processor, one or more memories, one or more computer readable storage media having program instructions executable by the computer to perform the program instructions comprising:
receiving, by the computer, data representative of real time conditions, real time social events, and historic conditions associated with each road segment from a plurality of devices; determining, by the computer, a probability of collision risk for each road segment including the root cause comprising the program instructions of:
identifying all road segments of the road network from the data representative of real time conditions and social events;
applying data representative of historical conditions to each road segment to down sample data to account for imbalances and determine a number of collisions in each road segment;
determining major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions;
applying models to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment;
spatially smoothing the conditional probability of each road segment to determine a collision risk index with continuous metrics to create a spatial low pass filter;
applying the spatial low pass filter to each road segment to remove discontinuities; and
simulating continuous probability to determine a road network risk estimation with a collision risk forecast and root cause of the collision risk for each road segment;
sending, by the computer, a notification to at least some of the plurality of devices regarding the collision risk and root causes of collision for the at least one road segment. 19. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the program instructions of determining, by the computer, major factors of relevance for causing collisions in each road segment from data received representative of real time conditions, real time social events and historic conditions is determined by exploratory factor analysis. 20. The computer system of claim 18, wherein the model applied to the major factors of relevance to determine conditional probabilities and dependencies causing collisions in each road segment is Bayesian Network Inference. | 2,400 |
341,550 | 16,801,865 | 3,683 | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and, using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent. | 1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and, using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive skill is implemented to provide disjointed functionalities in the cognitive agent. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive skill composition platform composes the cognitive skill using a cognitive model. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the cognitive model involves implementation of two cognitive actions, the first cognitive action being implemented to train the cognitive model and the second cognitive action being implemented to make predictions based upon the data from the plurality of data sources. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
at least one of the two cognitive actions is implemented to be decoupled from a particular cognitive skill. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and,
using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive skill is implemented to provide disjointed functionalities in the cognitive agent. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive skill composition platform composes the cognitive skill using a cognitive model. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein:
the cognitive model involves implementation of two cognitive actions, the first cognitive action being implemented to train the cognitive model and the second cognitive action being implemented to make predictions based upon the data from the plurality of data sources. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
at least one of the two cognitive actions is implemented to be decoupled from a particular cognitive skill. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and, using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive skill is implemented to provide disjointed functionalities in the cognitive agent. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive skill composition platform composes the cognitive skill using a cognitive model. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein:
the cognitive model involves implementation of two cognitive actions, the first cognitive action being implemented to train the cognitive model and the second cognitive action being implemented to make predictions based upon the data from the plurality of data sources. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | A system, method, and computer-readable medium are disclosed for cognitive information processing. The cognitive information processing includes receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and, using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent.1. A computer-implementable method for cognitive information processing, comprising:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and, using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive skill is implemented to provide disjointed functionalities in the cognitive agent. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive skill composition platform composes the cognitive skill using a cognitive model. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the cognitive model involves implementation of two cognitive actions, the first cognitive action being implemented to train the cognitive model and the second cognitive action being implemented to make predictions based upon the data from the plurality of data sources. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein:
at least one of the two cognitive actions is implemented to be decoupled from a particular cognitive skill. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 7. A system comprising:
a hardware processor; a data bus coupled to the hardware processor; and a non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium being coupled to the data bus, the computer program code interacting with a plurality of computer operations and comprising instructions executable by the hardware processor and configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources;
processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and,
using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive skill is implemented to provide disjointed functionalities in the cognitive agent. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive skill composition platform composes the cognitive skill using a cognitive model. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein:
the cognitive model involves implementation of two cognitive actions, the first cognitive action being implemented to train the cognitive model and the second cognitive action being implemented to make predictions based upon the data from the plurality of data sources. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein:
at least one of the two cognitive actions is implemented to be decoupled from a particular cognitive skill. 12. The system of claim 7, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 13. A non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium embodying computer program code, the computer program code comprising computer executable instructions configured for:
receiving data from a plurality of data sources; processing the data from the plurality of data sources via an augmented intelligence system, the augmented intelligence system executing on a hardware processor of an information processing system, the augmented intelligence system and the information processing system providing a cognitive computing function, the cognitive computing function comprising a cognitive skill, the cognitive skill being composed via a cognitive skill composition platform, the cognitive skill comprising an atomic unit of work, the atomic unit of work being triggered by and input to produce and output; and, using the cognitive skill to generate a cognitive agent, the cognitive skill comprising a distinct unit of functionality of the cognitive agent, the cognitive skill facilitating construction of the cognitive agent. 14. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive skill is implemented to provide disjointed functionalities in the cognitive agent. 15. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the cognitive skill composition platform composes the cognitive skill using a cognitive model. 16. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein:
the cognitive model involves implementation of two cognitive actions, the first cognitive action being implemented to train the cognitive model and the second cognitive action being implemented to make predictions based upon the data from the plurality of data sources. 17. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein:
the cognitive skill comprises at least one of a semantic analysis cognitive skill, a goal optimization cognitive skill, a collaborative filtering cognitive skill, a common sense reasoning cognitive skill, a natural language processing cognitive skill, a summarization cognitive skill, a temporal/spatial reasoning cognitive skill and an entity resolution cognitive skill. 18. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the augmented intelligence system comprises a cognitive infrastructure. 19. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are deployable to a client system from a server system at a remote location. 20. The non-transitory, computer-readable storage medium of claim 13, wherein:
the computer executable instructions are provided by a service provider to a user on an on-demand basis. | 3,600 |
341,551 | 16,801,778 | 3,683 | A prediction device includes a lane information obtaining unit, an estimating unit, and a predicting unit. The observation-value-obtaining unit obtains an observation value of mobile object' movement. The lane information obtaining unit obtains lane information regarding lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object. Based on the observation value and the lane information, the estimating unit estimates temporal change volume and likelihood information. The predicting unit identifies target lanes based on the likelihood information, and for the identified target lanes, based on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time and based on the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object after the reference time when the mobile object moves to the target lane. | 1. A prediction device comprising:
one or more hardware processors configured to function as:
an observation value receiver that receives an observation value related to a movement of a mobile object;
a lane information receiver that receives lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object;
an estimation processor that, based at least in part to the observation value and the lane information, estimates
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes; and
a prediction processor that
identifies one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and
for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based at least in part on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time. 2. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor calculates the predicted-state information for each of a plurality of times at each a particular time interval after the reference time. 3. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor identifies, from the plurality of lanes, one or more lanes having likelihood that is equal to or greater than a particular value as the one or more target lanes. 4. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor identifies, from the plurality of lanes, one or more lanes corresponding to a particular number of likelihoods from top as the one or more target lanes. 5. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the current-state information and the predicted-state information indicate, for the mobile object, at least one of position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, angular acceleration, variance of position, variance of velocity, variance of acceleration, variance of angular velocity, or variance of angular acceleration. 6. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the observation value receiver receives, as the observation value, at least one of position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, and angular acceleration for the mobile object, or direction instruction information indicating a travel direction of the mobile object. 7. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein, based at least in part on temporal data of the observation value prior to the reference time, the estimation processor estimates the temporal change volume and the likelihood information. 8. The prediction device according to claim 7, wherein the estimation processor comprises:
an error calculator that, based at least in part on the temporal data of the observation value and the lane information, calculates, for each of the plurality of lanes, temporal error information indicating an error between the mobile object and a concerned lane; a temporal change volume estimation processor that, based at least in part on the temporal data of the observation value and the temporal error information, calculates the temporal change volume using a neural network; and a likelihood estimation processor that, based at least in part on the temporal change volume, calculates the likelihood information using a neural network. 9. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor comprises one or more state prediction processors corresponding to the one or more target lanes, each of the one or more state prediction processors comprises:
a control volume estimation processor that, for each of a plurality of times at each time interval after the reference time, estimates control volume and variance of the control volume to be applied to the mobile object to enable the mobile object to moves to the target lane; and a calculator comprising a Kalman filter that, for each of the plurality of times at each time interval after the reference time, calculates the predicted-state information using the Kalman filter, the control volume estimation processor
estimates, based at least in part on the current-state information, the control volume and the variance of the control volume corresponding to a first time which arrives after a single time interval from the reference time, and
estimates, based at least in part on the predicted-state information that is calculated by the calculator and that corresponds to a time at previous time interval of an arbitrary second time which arrives after two time intervals onward from the reference time, the control volume and the variance of the control volume at the second time, and
the calculator
calculates, based at least in part on the current-state information, and the control volume and the variance of the control volume corresponding to the first time as estimated by the control volume estimation processor, the predicted-state information corresponding to the first time which arrives after a single time interval from the reference time, and
calculates, based at least in part on the predicted-state information corresponding to the time at previous time interval of the second time and based on the control volume and the variance of the control volume corresponding to the second time as estimated by the control volume estimation processor, the predicted-state information corresponding to arbitrary of the second time which arrives after two time intervals onward from the reference time. 10. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein each of the one or more state prediction processors sequentially calculates the predicted-state information at each time interval starting from the first time arriving after a single time interval from the reference time to last time arriving after predetermined number of intervals from the reference time. 11. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein the control volume is a value applied to the mobile object in order to control at least one of position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, or angular acceleration for the mobile object. 12. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein the control volume estimation processor calculates the control volume and the variance of the control volume using a neural network. 13. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein the calculator, by using a neural network, calculates a parameter, in the Kalman filter, that represents a noise included in a model for performing time transition of covariance. 14. The prediction device according to claim 1, further comprising an output unit that outputs the predicted-state information. 15. A prediction method for predicting, by using an information processing device, predicted-state information that indicates one or more states of a mobile object, the prediction method comprising:
receiving, by an observation value receiver, an observation value related to a movement of the mobile object; receiving, by a lane information receiver, lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object; estimating, by an estimation processor, based at least in part on the observation value and the lane information,
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes; and
identifying, by a prediction processor, one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and calculating, by a prediction processor, predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time, for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume. 16. A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium comprising programmed instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by an information processing device, cause the computer to predict predicted-state information, which indicates one or more states of a mobile object, and to function as:
an observation value receiver that receives an observation value related to a movement of the mobile object; a lane information receiver that receives lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object; an estimation processor that, based at least in part on the observation value and the lane information, estimates
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes; and
a prediction processor that identifies one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and
for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based at least in part on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time. 17. A vehicle control system for controlling a vehicle, comprising:
a prediction device that predicts predicted-state information which indicates one or more states of a mobile object; and a vehicle control device that, based at least in part on the predicted-state information, controls a drive mechanism for driving a vehicle, wherein the prediction device comprises one or more hardware processors configured to function as:
an observation value receiver that receives an observation value related to a movement of the mobile object,
a lane information receiver that receives lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object,
an estimation processor that, based at least in part on the observation value and the lane information, estimates
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes, and a prediction processor that
identifies one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and
for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based at least in part on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time. | A prediction device includes a lane information obtaining unit, an estimating unit, and a predicting unit. The observation-value-obtaining unit obtains an observation value of mobile object' movement. The lane information obtaining unit obtains lane information regarding lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object. Based on the observation value and the lane information, the estimating unit estimates temporal change volume and likelihood information. The predicting unit identifies target lanes based on the likelihood information, and for the identified target lanes, based on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time and based on the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object after the reference time when the mobile object moves to the target lane.1. A prediction device comprising:
one or more hardware processors configured to function as:
an observation value receiver that receives an observation value related to a movement of a mobile object;
a lane information receiver that receives lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object;
an estimation processor that, based at least in part to the observation value and the lane information, estimates
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes; and
a prediction processor that
identifies one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and
for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based at least in part on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time. 2. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor calculates the predicted-state information for each of a plurality of times at each a particular time interval after the reference time. 3. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor identifies, from the plurality of lanes, one or more lanes having likelihood that is equal to or greater than a particular value as the one or more target lanes. 4. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor identifies, from the plurality of lanes, one or more lanes corresponding to a particular number of likelihoods from top as the one or more target lanes. 5. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the current-state information and the predicted-state information indicate, for the mobile object, at least one of position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, angular acceleration, variance of position, variance of velocity, variance of acceleration, variance of angular velocity, or variance of angular acceleration. 6. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the observation value receiver receives, as the observation value, at least one of position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, and angular acceleration for the mobile object, or direction instruction information indicating a travel direction of the mobile object. 7. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein, based at least in part on temporal data of the observation value prior to the reference time, the estimation processor estimates the temporal change volume and the likelihood information. 8. The prediction device according to claim 7, wherein the estimation processor comprises:
an error calculator that, based at least in part on the temporal data of the observation value and the lane information, calculates, for each of the plurality of lanes, temporal error information indicating an error between the mobile object and a concerned lane; a temporal change volume estimation processor that, based at least in part on the temporal data of the observation value and the temporal error information, calculates the temporal change volume using a neural network; and a likelihood estimation processor that, based at least in part on the temporal change volume, calculates the likelihood information using a neural network. 9. The prediction device according to claim 1, wherein the prediction processor comprises one or more state prediction processors corresponding to the one or more target lanes, each of the one or more state prediction processors comprises:
a control volume estimation processor that, for each of a plurality of times at each time interval after the reference time, estimates control volume and variance of the control volume to be applied to the mobile object to enable the mobile object to moves to the target lane; and a calculator comprising a Kalman filter that, for each of the plurality of times at each time interval after the reference time, calculates the predicted-state information using the Kalman filter, the control volume estimation processor
estimates, based at least in part on the current-state information, the control volume and the variance of the control volume corresponding to a first time which arrives after a single time interval from the reference time, and
estimates, based at least in part on the predicted-state information that is calculated by the calculator and that corresponds to a time at previous time interval of an arbitrary second time which arrives after two time intervals onward from the reference time, the control volume and the variance of the control volume at the second time, and
the calculator
calculates, based at least in part on the current-state information, and the control volume and the variance of the control volume corresponding to the first time as estimated by the control volume estimation processor, the predicted-state information corresponding to the first time which arrives after a single time interval from the reference time, and
calculates, based at least in part on the predicted-state information corresponding to the time at previous time interval of the second time and based on the control volume and the variance of the control volume corresponding to the second time as estimated by the control volume estimation processor, the predicted-state information corresponding to arbitrary of the second time which arrives after two time intervals onward from the reference time. 10. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein each of the one or more state prediction processors sequentially calculates the predicted-state information at each time interval starting from the first time arriving after a single time interval from the reference time to last time arriving after predetermined number of intervals from the reference time. 11. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein the control volume is a value applied to the mobile object in order to control at least one of position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, or angular acceleration for the mobile object. 12. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein the control volume estimation processor calculates the control volume and the variance of the control volume using a neural network. 13. The prediction device according to claim 9, wherein the calculator, by using a neural network, calculates a parameter, in the Kalman filter, that represents a noise included in a model for performing time transition of covariance. 14. The prediction device according to claim 1, further comprising an output unit that outputs the predicted-state information. 15. A prediction method for predicting, by using an information processing device, predicted-state information that indicates one or more states of a mobile object, the prediction method comprising:
receiving, by an observation value receiver, an observation value related to a movement of the mobile object; receiving, by a lane information receiver, lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object; estimating, by an estimation processor, based at least in part on the observation value and the lane information,
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes; and
identifying, by a prediction processor, one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and calculating, by a prediction processor, predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time, for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume. 16. A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium comprising programmed instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by an information processing device, cause the computer to predict predicted-state information, which indicates one or more states of a mobile object, and to function as:
an observation value receiver that receives an observation value related to a movement of the mobile object; a lane information receiver that receives lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object; an estimation processor that, based at least in part on the observation value and the lane information, estimates
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes; and
a prediction processor that identifies one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and
for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based at least in part on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time. 17. A vehicle control system for controlling a vehicle, comprising:
a prediction device that predicts predicted-state information which indicates one or more states of a mobile object; and a vehicle control device that, based at least in part on the predicted-state information, controls a drive mechanism for driving a vehicle, wherein the prediction device comprises one or more hardware processors configured to function as:
an observation value receiver that receives an observation value related to a movement of the mobile object,
a lane information receiver that receives lane information regarding a plurality of lanes within a threshold distance of the mobile object,
an estimation processor that, based at least in part on the observation value and the lane information, estimates
temporal change volume indicating a feature of a state of the mobile object with respect to the plurality of lanes, and
likelihood information indicating a likelihood that the mobile object moves to a lane for each of the plurality of lanes, and a prediction processor that
identifies one or more target lanes from the plurality of lanes based at least in part on the likelihood information, and
for each of the identified one or more target lanes, based at least in part on current-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object as indicated by the observation value obtained at the reference time, and the temporal change volume, calculates predicted-state information indicating one or more states of the mobile object that moves to a target lane after a reference time. | 3,600 |
341,552 | 16,801,898 | 3,683 | Apparatus and methods are described for use with a portion of plant material that includes at least one active ingredient. A vaporizing unit includes a heating element configured to heat the plant material, and a sensor configured to detect an indication of airflow rate through the vaporizing unit. Control circuitry is configured to receive an indication of the airflow rate through the vaporizing unit, and, in response thereto, to determine a smoking profile that is desired by the user. The control circuitry drives the heating element to vaporize the active ingredient of the plant material by heating the plant material according to the determined smoking profile. The control circuitry dynamically updates the smoking profile in response to changes in airflow rate over the course of a smoking session. Other applications are also described. | 1. A method for operating a vaporizer using multi-stage heating, comprising:
first heating at least one plant material at a first target temperature for a first duration of time, the at least one plant material including at least one constituent compound; second heating the at least one plant material at a second target temperature for a second duration of time, the second target temperature being greater than the first target temperature; and third heating the at least one plant material at a third target temperature for a third duration of time, the third target temperature being greater than the second target temperature, the third heating causing at least a partial vaporization of the at least one constituent compound. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating, the second heating, or both the first heating and the second heating cause a decarboxylation of the at least one plant material. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the decarboxylation of the at least one plant material occurs only during the second heating. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating and the second heating are at a higher heating rate than the third heating. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the third target temperature is between a vaporization temperature of the at least one constituent compound and a pyrolysis temperature of the at least one plant material. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating includes heating the at least one plant material to reduce a humidity of the at least one plant material. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the third heating further includes,
initiating the third heating due to at least one of a detection of an airflow in the vaporizer, detection of a selectable action on the vaporizer, or combinations thereof. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the third heating further includes,
providing an indication to commence a drawing action once the at least one plant material reaches the third target temperature. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the third heating further includes,
automatically initiating the third heating following the second duration of time. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein
the first target temperature is 90 C.° or greater, the second target temperature is 140 C.° or greater, and the third target temperature is between 180 C.° and 220 C.°. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein
the first duration of time is 5 seconds to 60 seconds long, and the second duration of time is 5 seconds to 7 minutes long. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating and the second heating have a heating rate of 50 C.° per second or more, and the third heating has a heating rate of less than 50 C.° per second. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting classification information for the at least one plant material; determining a multi-stage heating profile based on the classification information; and determining characteristics of at least one of the first heating, the second heating, the third heating, or combinations thereof, using the multi-stage heating profile. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting one or more physical changes of a phase-changing material, the phase-change material being heated with the at least one plant material; and determining a multi-stage heating profile based on the detecting; and determining characteristics of at least one of the first heating, the second heating, the third heating, or combinations thereof, using the multi-stage heating profile. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining at least one of the first target temperature, the second target temperature, the third target temperature, the first duration of time, the second duration of time, the third duration of time, or combinations thereof, using a multi-stage heating profile, and wherein the multi-stage heating profile is specific to physical characteristics of the at least one plant material. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining at least one of a first heating rate for the first heating, a second heating rate for the second heating, a third heating rate for the third heating, or combinations thereof, using a multi-stage heating profile, and wherein the multi-stage heating profile is specific to physical characteristics of the at least one plant material. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
pre-heating the at least one plant material at an initial target temperature for an initial duration of time, the initial target temperature being lower than the first target temperature, the pre-heating occurring before the first heating. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
ceasing the third heating once the at least one plant material reaches a pyrolysis temperature for the at least one plant material. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein
the first heating includes raising a temperature of the at least one plant material to a first overshoot temperature prior to the at least one plant material settling the first target temperature, the first overshoot temperature being greater than the first target temperature, and the second heating includes raising the temperature of the at least one plant material to a second overshoot temperature prior to the at least one plant material settling on the second target temperature, the second overshoot temperature being greater than the second target temperature. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a multi-stage heating profile based at least in part on at least one indication of at least one first airflow rate for an airflow in the vaporizer, determining characteristics of at least one of the first heating, the second heating, the third heating, or combinations thereof, using the multi-stage heating profile. | Apparatus and methods are described for use with a portion of plant material that includes at least one active ingredient. A vaporizing unit includes a heating element configured to heat the plant material, and a sensor configured to detect an indication of airflow rate through the vaporizing unit. Control circuitry is configured to receive an indication of the airflow rate through the vaporizing unit, and, in response thereto, to determine a smoking profile that is desired by the user. The control circuitry drives the heating element to vaporize the active ingredient of the plant material by heating the plant material according to the determined smoking profile. The control circuitry dynamically updates the smoking profile in response to changes in airflow rate over the course of a smoking session. Other applications are also described.1. A method for operating a vaporizer using multi-stage heating, comprising:
first heating at least one plant material at a first target temperature for a first duration of time, the at least one plant material including at least one constituent compound; second heating the at least one plant material at a second target temperature for a second duration of time, the second target temperature being greater than the first target temperature; and third heating the at least one plant material at a third target temperature for a third duration of time, the third target temperature being greater than the second target temperature, the third heating causing at least a partial vaporization of the at least one constituent compound. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating, the second heating, or both the first heating and the second heating cause a decarboxylation of the at least one plant material. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the decarboxylation of the at least one plant material occurs only during the second heating. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating and the second heating are at a higher heating rate than the third heating. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the third target temperature is between a vaporization temperature of the at least one constituent compound and a pyrolysis temperature of the at least one plant material. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating includes heating the at least one plant material to reduce a humidity of the at least one plant material. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the third heating further includes,
initiating the third heating due to at least one of a detection of an airflow in the vaporizer, detection of a selectable action on the vaporizer, or combinations thereof. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the third heating further includes,
providing an indication to commence a drawing action once the at least one plant material reaches the third target temperature. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the third heating further includes,
automatically initiating the third heating following the second duration of time. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein
the first target temperature is 90 C.° or greater, the second target temperature is 140 C.° or greater, and the third target temperature is between 180 C.° and 220 C.°. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein
the first duration of time is 5 seconds to 60 seconds long, and the second duration of time is 5 seconds to 7 minutes long. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heating and the second heating have a heating rate of 50 C.° per second or more, and the third heating has a heating rate of less than 50 C.° per second. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting classification information for the at least one plant material; determining a multi-stage heating profile based on the classification information; and determining characteristics of at least one of the first heating, the second heating, the third heating, or combinations thereof, using the multi-stage heating profile. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
detecting one or more physical changes of a phase-changing material, the phase-change material being heated with the at least one plant material; and determining a multi-stage heating profile based on the detecting; and determining characteristics of at least one of the first heating, the second heating, the third heating, or combinations thereof, using the multi-stage heating profile. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining at least one of the first target temperature, the second target temperature, the third target temperature, the first duration of time, the second duration of time, the third duration of time, or combinations thereof, using a multi-stage heating profile, and wherein the multi-stage heating profile is specific to physical characteristics of the at least one plant material. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining at least one of a first heating rate for the first heating, a second heating rate for the second heating, a third heating rate for the third heating, or combinations thereof, using a multi-stage heating profile, and wherein the multi-stage heating profile is specific to physical characteristics of the at least one plant material. 17. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
pre-heating the at least one plant material at an initial target temperature for an initial duration of time, the initial target temperature being lower than the first target temperature, the pre-heating occurring before the first heating. 18. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
ceasing the third heating once the at least one plant material reaches a pyrolysis temperature for the at least one plant material. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein
the first heating includes raising a temperature of the at least one plant material to a first overshoot temperature prior to the at least one plant material settling the first target temperature, the first overshoot temperature being greater than the first target temperature, and the second heating includes raising the temperature of the at least one plant material to a second overshoot temperature prior to the at least one plant material settling on the second target temperature, the second overshoot temperature being greater than the second target temperature. 20. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a multi-stage heating profile based at least in part on at least one indication of at least one first airflow rate for an airflow in the vaporizer, determining characteristics of at least one of the first heating, the second heating, the third heating, or combinations thereof, using the multi-stage heating profile. | 3,600 |
341,553 | 16,801,881 | 3,683 | A conveyor device includes a supporter extending from a first end of a rotation axis to a second end thereof in a helical manner relative to the rotation axis, an encircling member that encircles at least a third portion of the supporter, the third portion being a portion between a first portion on the first end and a second portion on the second end, and at least one guide for a three-dimensional game object to move from the first end to the second end along with rotation of the supporter, the at least one guide extending from the first end to the second end within a gap between the supporter and the encircling member and being configured such that the guide in coordination with the supporter and the encircling member supports the three-dimensional game object when the three-dimensional game object moves from the first end to the second end. | 1. A conveyor device comprising:
a supporter configured to support a three-dimensional game object, wherein the supporter is rotatable about a rotation axis having a first end and a second end, the supporter extending from the first end to the second end in a helical manner relative to the rotation axis, and wherein the supporter includes a first portion on the first end of the rotation axis, a second portion on the second end of the rotation axis, and a third portion between the first portion and the second portion; an encircling member that encircles at least the third portion of the supporter; and at least one guide for the three-dimensional game object to move from the first end to the second end along with the rotation of the supporter, wherein the at least one guide is configured such that the guide in coordination with the supporter and the encircling member supports the three-dimensional game object when the three-dimensional game object moves from the first end to the second end, and wherein the at least one guide extends from the first end to the second end within a gap between the supporter and the encircling member. 2. The conveyor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the encircling member is configured to not encircle the second portion, and the supporter is configured to discharge the three-dimensional game object through the second portion. 3. The conveyor device according to claim 2, wherein a part of the second portion is provided with an ejection portion configured to eject the three-dimensional game object. 4. A conveyor device comprising:
a supporter configured to support a three-dimensional game object, wherein the supporter is rotatable about a rotation axis having a first end and a second end, the supporter extending from the first end to the second end in a helical manner relative to the rotation axis, and wherein the supporter includes a first portion on the first end of the rotation axis, a second portion on the second end, and a third portion between the first portion and the second portion; an encircling member that encircles at least the third portion of the supporter; and at least one guide for the three-dimensional game object to move from the first end to the second end along with the rotation of the supporter, wherein the at least one guide is configured such that the guide in coordination with the supporter and the encircling member supports the three-dimensional game object when the three-dimensional game object moves from the first end to the second end, and wherein the at least one guide extends from the first end to the second end within a gap between the supporter and the encircling member, wherein the encircling member is configured to not encircle the first portion, and the supporter is configured to take in the three-dimensional game object through the first portion. 5. The conveyor device according to claim 4, wherein the guide has a portion on the first end of the rotation axis, with the portion configured to be not encircled by the encircling member, and the guide is configured to serve as a guide for the three-dimensional game object to be taken in. 6. The conveyor device according to claim 4, further comprising a supply portion configured to supply to the first portion a three-dimensional game object present near the first portion. 7. The conveyor device according to claim 6, wherein:
the three-dimensional game object is rollable regardless of orientation of the game object, and the supply portion includes a slope that is at an angle that allows the three-dimensional game object present near the first portion to roll toward the first portion. 8. The conveyor device according to claim 6, wherein the supply portion is configured to supply to the first portion three-dimensional game objects respectively collected from a plurality of game unit portions each configured to use the three-dimensional game object. 9. The conveyor device according to claim 4, wherein:
the encircling member is configured to not encircle the second portion, and the supporter is configured to discharge the three-dimensional game object through the second portion. 10. The conveyor device according to claim 9, wherein a part of the second portion is provided with an ejection portion configured to eject the three-dimensional game object. | A conveyor device includes a supporter extending from a first end of a rotation axis to a second end thereof in a helical manner relative to the rotation axis, an encircling member that encircles at least a third portion of the supporter, the third portion being a portion between a first portion on the first end and a second portion on the second end, and at least one guide for a three-dimensional game object to move from the first end to the second end along with rotation of the supporter, the at least one guide extending from the first end to the second end within a gap between the supporter and the encircling member and being configured such that the guide in coordination with the supporter and the encircling member supports the three-dimensional game object when the three-dimensional game object moves from the first end to the second end.1. A conveyor device comprising:
a supporter configured to support a three-dimensional game object, wherein the supporter is rotatable about a rotation axis having a first end and a second end, the supporter extending from the first end to the second end in a helical manner relative to the rotation axis, and wherein the supporter includes a first portion on the first end of the rotation axis, a second portion on the second end of the rotation axis, and a third portion between the first portion and the second portion; an encircling member that encircles at least the third portion of the supporter; and at least one guide for the three-dimensional game object to move from the first end to the second end along with the rotation of the supporter, wherein the at least one guide is configured such that the guide in coordination with the supporter and the encircling member supports the three-dimensional game object when the three-dimensional game object moves from the first end to the second end, and wherein the at least one guide extends from the first end to the second end within a gap between the supporter and the encircling member. 2. The conveyor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the encircling member is configured to not encircle the second portion, and the supporter is configured to discharge the three-dimensional game object through the second portion. 3. The conveyor device according to claim 2, wherein a part of the second portion is provided with an ejection portion configured to eject the three-dimensional game object. 4. A conveyor device comprising:
a supporter configured to support a three-dimensional game object, wherein the supporter is rotatable about a rotation axis having a first end and a second end, the supporter extending from the first end to the second end in a helical manner relative to the rotation axis, and wherein the supporter includes a first portion on the first end of the rotation axis, a second portion on the second end, and a third portion between the first portion and the second portion; an encircling member that encircles at least the third portion of the supporter; and at least one guide for the three-dimensional game object to move from the first end to the second end along with the rotation of the supporter, wherein the at least one guide is configured such that the guide in coordination with the supporter and the encircling member supports the three-dimensional game object when the three-dimensional game object moves from the first end to the second end, and wherein the at least one guide extends from the first end to the second end within a gap between the supporter and the encircling member, wherein the encircling member is configured to not encircle the first portion, and the supporter is configured to take in the three-dimensional game object through the first portion. 5. The conveyor device according to claim 4, wherein the guide has a portion on the first end of the rotation axis, with the portion configured to be not encircled by the encircling member, and the guide is configured to serve as a guide for the three-dimensional game object to be taken in. 6. The conveyor device according to claim 4, further comprising a supply portion configured to supply to the first portion a three-dimensional game object present near the first portion. 7. The conveyor device according to claim 6, wherein:
the three-dimensional game object is rollable regardless of orientation of the game object, and the supply portion includes a slope that is at an angle that allows the three-dimensional game object present near the first portion to roll toward the first portion. 8. The conveyor device according to claim 6, wherein the supply portion is configured to supply to the first portion three-dimensional game objects respectively collected from a plurality of game unit portions each configured to use the three-dimensional game object. 9. The conveyor device according to claim 4, wherein:
the encircling member is configured to not encircle the second portion, and the supporter is configured to discharge the three-dimensional game object through the second portion. 10. The conveyor device according to claim 9, wherein a part of the second portion is provided with an ejection portion configured to eject the three-dimensional game object. | 3,600 |
341,554 | 16,801,895 | 3,683 | A display device including: a display unit including a substrate including a first region and a second region, first pixels are included in the first region, second pixels are included in the second region, first gate lines in the first region are connected to the first pixels, second gate lines in the second region are connected to the second pixels, and data lines are connected to the first and second pixels; and a compensator configured to compensate image data for the first and second pixels, based on correction values, and configured to generate corrected image data by decreasing a brightness of an over-compensated portion of the first and second pixels and increasing a brightness of an under-compensated portion of the first and second pixels in a boundary region between the first region and the second region. | 1. A display device, comprising:
a display unit including a substrate including a first region and a second region located at a side of the first region, wherein first pixels are included in the first region, second pixels are included in the second region, first gate lines in the first region are connected to the first pixels, second gate lines in the second region are connected to the second pixels, and data lines are connected to the first and second pixels; a gate driver configured to provide a gate signal to the first gate lines and the second gate lines; a compensator configured to compensate image data for the first and second pixels, based on correction values, and configured to generate corrected image data by decreasing a brightness of an over-compensated portion of the first and second pixels and increasing a brightness of an under-compensated portion of the first and second pixels in a boundary region between the first region and the second region; and a data driver configured to generate data signals, based on the corrected image data, and configured to provide the data signals to the data lines, wherein a number of the first pixels connected to each of the first gate lines is greater than a number of the second pixels connected to each of the second gate lines, and wherein the correction values are set for each block, wherein each block corresponds to at least two of the first pixels and at least two of the second pixels. 2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the compensator includes:
a first compensator configured to generate first corrected data by compensating the image data, based on the correction values; and a second compensator configured to compute a brightness curve for the boundary region, based on the first corrected data, and configured to detect and decrease the brightness of the over-compensated portion and detect and increase the brightness of the under-compensated portion, based on the brightness curve. 3. The display device of claim 2, wherein the second compensator calculates a first limit value and a second limit value, using a brightness equation for the boundary region and the first corrected data,
wherein the brightness curve includes a first inflection point adjacent to the first region and a second inflection point adjacent to the second region, wherein the first limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the first region converges to the first inflection point, and the second limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the second region converges to the second inflection point. 4. The display device of claim 3, wherein, when a difference between the first limit value and the second limit value is smaller than a first reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in an area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point to be constant, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation and the brightness value. 5. The display device of claim 4, wherein, when the difference between the first limit value and the second limit value exceeds the first reference value, the second compensator calculates a third limit value and a fourth limit value, by using the brightness equation and the first corrected data,
wherein the third limit value is a brightness change value at a point where the brightness of the second region converges to the first inflection point, and the fourth limit value is a brightness change value at a point where the brightness of the first region converges to the second inflection point. 6. The display device of claim 5, wherein, when at least one of a first difference between the first limit value and the third limit value and a second difference between the second limit value and the fourth limit value is larger than a second reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in the area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point by interpolating a first brightness value at the first inflection point and a second brightness value at the second inflection point, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation, the first brightness value, and the second brightness value. 7. The display device of claim 2, wherein the first compensator generates correction data corresponding to the image data by interpolating the correction values, and generates the first corrected data by adding the image data to the correction data. 8. The display device of claim 1, wherein the substrate further includes a third region located at the side of the first region, the third region being spaced apart from the second region,
wherein the display unit further includes third pixels in the third region and third gate lines in the third region are connected to the third pixels. 9. The display device of claim 8, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines connecting some of the first gate lines and some of the second gate lines,
wherein the connection lines form a parasitic capacitor by being overlapped with a power line. 10. The display device of claim 9, wherein the compensator generates corrected image data by decreasing a brightness of an over-compensated area and increasing a brightness of an under-compensated area in a boundary region between a first sub-region in which the first gate lines that are connected to the second gate lines are disposed and a second sub-region in which the first gate lines that are not connected to the second gate lines are disposed. 11. The display device of claim 8, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines respectively connecting the first gate lines and the second gate lines,
wherein the connection lines form a parasitic capacitor by overlapping with a power line. 12. The display device of claim 1, wherein the substrate further includes a hole,
wherein the first region and the second region are located along an edge of the hole. 13. The display device of claim 12, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines connected some of the first gate lines,
wherein the connection lines are disposed adjacent to the edge of the hole, and form a parasitic capacitor by overlapping with a power line. 14. The display device of claim 12, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines connected to all of the first gate lines,
wherein the connection lines are disposed adjacent to the edge of the hole, and form a parasitic capacitor by overlapping with a power line. 15. The display device of claim 12, wherein the substrate further includes a third region located at the side of the first region, the third region being spaced apart from the second region,
wherein the display unit further includes third pixels in the third region and third gate lines in the third region are connected to the third pixels. 16. A display device, comprising:
a display unit including a substrate including a first region and a second region located at a side of the first region, wherein first pixels are included in the first region, second pixels are included in the second region, first gate lines in the first region are connected to the first pixels, second gate lines in the second region are connected to the second pixels, and data lines are connected to the first and second pixels; a first compensator configured to generate first corrected data by compensating image data, based on correction values; and a second compensator configured to compute a brightness curve for a boundary region between the first region and the second region, based on the first corrected data, and configured to detect and reduce a brightness of a first compensated portion of the first or second pixels and detect and increase a brightness of a second compensated portion of the first or second pixels, based on the brightness curve, wherein a number of the first pixels connected to the first gate lines is greater than a number of the second pixels connected to the second gate lines, wherein the correction values are set for each block corresponding to at least two of the first or second pixels. 17. The display device of claim 16, wherein the second compensator calculates a first limit value and a second limit value, based on a brightness equation for the boundary region and the first corrected data,
wherein the brightness curve includes a first inflection point adjacent to the first region and a second inflection point adjacent to the second region, wherein the first limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the first region converges to the first inflection point, and the second limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the second region converges to the second inflection point. 18. The display device of claim 17, wherein, when a difference between the first limit value and the second limit value is smaller than a first reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in an area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point to be constant, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation and the brightness value. 19. The display device of claim 18, wherein, when the difference between the first limit value and the second limit value exceeds the first reference value, the second compensator calculates a third limit value and a fourth limit value, by using the brightness equation and the first corrected data,
wherein the third limit value is a brightness change value at a point wherein the brightness of the second region converges to the first inflection point, and the fourth limit value is a brightness change value at a point where the brightness of the first region converges to the second inflection point. 20. The display device of claim 19, wherein, when at least one of a first difference between the first limit value and the third limit value and a second difference between the second limit value and the fourth limit value is larger than a second reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in the area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point by interpolating a first brightness value at the first inflection point and a second brightness value at the second inflection point, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation, the first brightness value, and the second brightness value. 21. A display device, comprising:
a substrate including a first region and a second region adjacent to the first region, wherein first pixels are included in the first region, and second pixels are included in the second region; and a compensator configured to receive image data, generate first corrected data by using correction values, and generate second corrected data by using the first corrected data and a brightness equation, wherein when generating the second corrected data, the compensator decreases a luminance of a first portion of the second pixels disposed adjacent to the first region and increases a luminance of a second portion of the second pixels disposed adjacent to the first region. | A display device including: a display unit including a substrate including a first region and a second region, first pixels are included in the first region, second pixels are included in the second region, first gate lines in the first region are connected to the first pixels, second gate lines in the second region are connected to the second pixels, and data lines are connected to the first and second pixels; and a compensator configured to compensate image data for the first and second pixels, based on correction values, and configured to generate corrected image data by decreasing a brightness of an over-compensated portion of the first and second pixels and increasing a brightness of an under-compensated portion of the first and second pixels in a boundary region between the first region and the second region.1. A display device, comprising:
a display unit including a substrate including a first region and a second region located at a side of the first region, wherein first pixels are included in the first region, second pixels are included in the second region, first gate lines in the first region are connected to the first pixels, second gate lines in the second region are connected to the second pixels, and data lines are connected to the first and second pixels; a gate driver configured to provide a gate signal to the first gate lines and the second gate lines; a compensator configured to compensate image data for the first and second pixels, based on correction values, and configured to generate corrected image data by decreasing a brightness of an over-compensated portion of the first and second pixels and increasing a brightness of an under-compensated portion of the first and second pixels in a boundary region between the first region and the second region; and a data driver configured to generate data signals, based on the corrected image data, and configured to provide the data signals to the data lines, wherein a number of the first pixels connected to each of the first gate lines is greater than a number of the second pixels connected to each of the second gate lines, and wherein the correction values are set for each block, wherein each block corresponds to at least two of the first pixels and at least two of the second pixels. 2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the compensator includes:
a first compensator configured to generate first corrected data by compensating the image data, based on the correction values; and a second compensator configured to compute a brightness curve for the boundary region, based on the first corrected data, and configured to detect and decrease the brightness of the over-compensated portion and detect and increase the brightness of the under-compensated portion, based on the brightness curve. 3. The display device of claim 2, wherein the second compensator calculates a first limit value and a second limit value, using a brightness equation for the boundary region and the first corrected data,
wherein the brightness curve includes a first inflection point adjacent to the first region and a second inflection point adjacent to the second region, wherein the first limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the first region converges to the first inflection point, and the second limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the second region converges to the second inflection point. 4. The display device of claim 3, wherein, when a difference between the first limit value and the second limit value is smaller than a first reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in an area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point to be constant, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation and the brightness value. 5. The display device of claim 4, wherein, when the difference between the first limit value and the second limit value exceeds the first reference value, the second compensator calculates a third limit value and a fourth limit value, by using the brightness equation and the first corrected data,
wherein the third limit value is a brightness change value at a point where the brightness of the second region converges to the first inflection point, and the fourth limit value is a brightness change value at a point where the brightness of the first region converges to the second inflection point. 6. The display device of claim 5, wherein, when at least one of a first difference between the first limit value and the third limit value and a second difference between the second limit value and the fourth limit value is larger than a second reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in the area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point by interpolating a first brightness value at the first inflection point and a second brightness value at the second inflection point, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation, the first brightness value, and the second brightness value. 7. The display device of claim 2, wherein the first compensator generates correction data corresponding to the image data by interpolating the correction values, and generates the first corrected data by adding the image data to the correction data. 8. The display device of claim 1, wherein the substrate further includes a third region located at the side of the first region, the third region being spaced apart from the second region,
wherein the display unit further includes third pixels in the third region and third gate lines in the third region are connected to the third pixels. 9. The display device of claim 8, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines connecting some of the first gate lines and some of the second gate lines,
wherein the connection lines form a parasitic capacitor by being overlapped with a power line. 10. The display device of claim 9, wherein the compensator generates corrected image data by decreasing a brightness of an over-compensated area and increasing a brightness of an under-compensated area in a boundary region between a first sub-region in which the first gate lines that are connected to the second gate lines are disposed and a second sub-region in which the first gate lines that are not connected to the second gate lines are disposed. 11. The display device of claim 8, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines respectively connecting the first gate lines and the second gate lines,
wherein the connection lines form a parasitic capacitor by overlapping with a power line. 12. The display device of claim 1, wherein the substrate further includes a hole,
wherein the first region and the second region are located along an edge of the hole. 13. The display device of claim 12, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines connected some of the first gate lines,
wherein the connection lines are disposed adjacent to the edge of the hole, and form a parasitic capacitor by overlapping with a power line. 14. The display device of claim 12, wherein the display unit further includes connection lines connected to all of the first gate lines,
wherein the connection lines are disposed adjacent to the edge of the hole, and form a parasitic capacitor by overlapping with a power line. 15. The display device of claim 12, wherein the substrate further includes a third region located at the side of the first region, the third region being spaced apart from the second region,
wherein the display unit further includes third pixels in the third region and third gate lines in the third region are connected to the third pixels. 16. A display device, comprising:
a display unit including a substrate including a first region and a second region located at a side of the first region, wherein first pixels are included in the first region, second pixels are included in the second region, first gate lines in the first region are connected to the first pixels, second gate lines in the second region are connected to the second pixels, and data lines are connected to the first and second pixels; a first compensator configured to generate first corrected data by compensating image data, based on correction values; and a second compensator configured to compute a brightness curve for a boundary region between the first region and the second region, based on the first corrected data, and configured to detect and reduce a brightness of a first compensated portion of the first or second pixels and detect and increase a brightness of a second compensated portion of the first or second pixels, based on the brightness curve, wherein a number of the first pixels connected to the first gate lines is greater than a number of the second pixels connected to the second gate lines, wherein the correction values are set for each block corresponding to at least two of the first or second pixels. 17. The display device of claim 16, wherein the second compensator calculates a first limit value and a second limit value, based on a brightness equation for the boundary region and the first corrected data,
wherein the brightness curve includes a first inflection point adjacent to the first region and a second inflection point adjacent to the second region, wherein the first limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the first region converges to the first inflection point, and the second limit value is a brightness change value at a point where brightness of the second region converges to the second inflection point. 18. The display device of claim 17, wherein, when a difference between the first limit value and the second limit value is smaller than a first reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in an area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point to be constant, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation and the brightness value. 19. The display device of claim 18, wherein, when the difference between the first limit value and the second limit value exceeds the first reference value, the second compensator calculates a third limit value and a fourth limit value, by using the brightness equation and the first corrected data,
wherein the third limit value is a brightness change value at a point wherein the brightness of the second region converges to the first inflection point, and the fourth limit value is a brightness change value at a point where the brightness of the first region converges to the second inflection point. 20. The display device of claim 19, wherein, when at least one of a first difference between the first limit value and the third limit value and a second difference between the second limit value and the fourth limit value is larger than a second reference value, the second compensator sets a brightness value in the area between the first inflection point and the second inflection point by interpolating a first brightness value at the first inflection point and a second brightness value at the second inflection point, and corrects a data value corresponding to the boundary region among the first corrected data, by using the brightness equation, the first brightness value, and the second brightness value. 21. A display device, comprising:
a substrate including a first region and a second region adjacent to the first region, wherein first pixels are included in the first region, and second pixels are included in the second region; and a compensator configured to receive image data, generate first corrected data by using correction values, and generate second corrected data by using the first corrected data and a brightness equation, wherein when generating the second corrected data, the compensator decreases a luminance of a first portion of the second pixels disposed adjacent to the first region and increases a luminance of a second portion of the second pixels disposed adjacent to the first region. | 3,600 |
341,555 | 16,801,886 | 3,683 | A computer implemented method that includes receiving first user usage data and second user usage data indicative of user usage during consumption of a first content and of a second content, respectively. The method includes determining a first user usage pattern for the first content and a second user usage pattern for the second content based on the first user usage data and on the second user usage data, respectively. The method determines potential content overlap between the first content and the second content based on a comparison of the first usage pattern and the second usage pattern and performs an optimization operation based on the potential content overlap. | 1. A computer implemented method comprising:
receiving first user usage data and second user usage data indicative of user usage during consumption of a first content and of a second content, respectively; determining a first user usage pattern for the first content and a second user usage pattern for the second content based on the first user usage data and on the second user usage data, respectively; determining potential content overlap between the first content and the second content based on a comparison of the first usage pattern and the second usage pattern; and performing an optimization operation based on the potential content overlap. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the usage data comprises user navigation data of the first and second content. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the user navigation data reflects at least one of the playing, replaying, seeking, scrubbing, pausing, forwarding, or rewinding of the first and second content. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the optimization operation comprises consolidating the storage of overlapping content in a shared location of computer memory. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the optimization comprises replay of the first content and second content using stored content from the shared location of computer memory. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a usage pattern comprises identifying common usage activity across a plurality of user usage data around particular time segments of respective content. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein identifying common usage activity comprises analyzing the usage activity within a machine learning system, the machine learning system trained with samples of usage data corresponding to samples of content. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein determining potential content overlap comprises using the machine learning system to determine a likelihood of an overlap based upon comparing patterns in the first and second usage patterns. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a data file with the respective first and second content. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a database record associated with the respective first and second content. 11. A computer implemented method for identifying content, the method comprising:
receiving content navigation data reflecting a plurality of sets of content navigation commands of a first content; determining a first content navigation pattern across the plurality of sets of content navigation commands; storing the first content navigation pattern in at least one of a record or file associated with the first content; determining whether the first content correlates to a second content, the determining including comparing the first content navigation pattern with a content navigation pattern associated with the second content; in response to the correlation determination, at least one of transmitting an alert, configuring a playback operation of the first or second content, or reallocating the storage of the first and second content in a content store. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein determining the first content navigation pattern comprises analyzing the plurality of sets of content navigation commands using a machine learning model trained with samples of content navigation commands and corresponding content. 13. A system for identifying and processing overlapping content, the system comprising one or more processors programmed with instructions to cause the one or more processors to perform:
receiving first user usage data and second user usage data indicative of user usage during consumption of a first content and of a second content, respectively; determining a first user usage pattern for the first content and a second user usage pattern for the second content based on the first user usage data and on the second user usage data, respectively; determining potential content overlap between the first content and the second content based on a comparison of the first usage pattern and the second usage pattern; and performing an optimization operation based on the potential content overlap. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the usage data comprises user navigation data of the first and second content. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein the user navigation data reflects at least one of the playing, replaying, seeking, scrubbing, pausing, forwarding, or rewinding of the first and second content. 16. The system of claim 13 wherein the optimization operation comprises consolidating the storage of overlapping content in a shared location of computer memory. 17. The system of claim 16 wherein the optimization comprises replay of the first content and second content using stored content from the shared location of computer memory. 18. The system of claim 13 wherein determining a usage pattern comprises identifying common usage activity across a plurality of user usage data around particular time segments of respective content. 19. The system of claim 13 further comprising a machine learning module programmed to identify common usage activity using one or more machine learning models, the models trained with samples of usage data corresponding to samples of content. 20. The system of claim 19 wherein determining potential content overlap comprises using the machine learning module to determine a likelihood of an overlap based upon comparing patterns in the first and second usage patterns. 21. The system of claim 13 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a data file with the respective first and second content. 22. The system of claim 13 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a database record associated with the respective first and second content. | A computer implemented method that includes receiving first user usage data and second user usage data indicative of user usage during consumption of a first content and of a second content, respectively. The method includes determining a first user usage pattern for the first content and a second user usage pattern for the second content based on the first user usage data and on the second user usage data, respectively. The method determines potential content overlap between the first content and the second content based on a comparison of the first usage pattern and the second usage pattern and performs an optimization operation based on the potential content overlap.1. A computer implemented method comprising:
receiving first user usage data and second user usage data indicative of user usage during consumption of a first content and of a second content, respectively; determining a first user usage pattern for the first content and a second user usage pattern for the second content based on the first user usage data and on the second user usage data, respectively; determining potential content overlap between the first content and the second content based on a comparison of the first usage pattern and the second usage pattern; and performing an optimization operation based on the potential content overlap. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the usage data comprises user navigation data of the first and second content. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the user navigation data reflects at least one of the playing, replaying, seeking, scrubbing, pausing, forwarding, or rewinding of the first and second content. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the optimization operation comprises consolidating the storage of overlapping content in a shared location of computer memory. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the optimization comprises replay of the first content and second content using stored content from the shared location of computer memory. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a usage pattern comprises identifying common usage activity across a plurality of user usage data around particular time segments of respective content. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein identifying common usage activity comprises analyzing the usage activity within a machine learning system, the machine learning system trained with samples of usage data corresponding to samples of content. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein determining potential content overlap comprises using the machine learning system to determine a likelihood of an overlap based upon comparing patterns in the first and second usage patterns. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a data file with the respective first and second content. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a database record associated with the respective first and second content. 11. A computer implemented method for identifying content, the method comprising:
receiving content navigation data reflecting a plurality of sets of content navigation commands of a first content; determining a first content navigation pattern across the plurality of sets of content navigation commands; storing the first content navigation pattern in at least one of a record or file associated with the first content; determining whether the first content correlates to a second content, the determining including comparing the first content navigation pattern with a content navigation pattern associated with the second content; in response to the correlation determination, at least one of transmitting an alert, configuring a playback operation of the first or second content, or reallocating the storage of the first and second content in a content store. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein determining the first content navigation pattern comprises analyzing the plurality of sets of content navigation commands using a machine learning model trained with samples of content navigation commands and corresponding content. 13. A system for identifying and processing overlapping content, the system comprising one or more processors programmed with instructions to cause the one or more processors to perform:
receiving first user usage data and second user usage data indicative of user usage during consumption of a first content and of a second content, respectively; determining a first user usage pattern for the first content and a second user usage pattern for the second content based on the first user usage data and on the second user usage data, respectively; determining potential content overlap between the first content and the second content based on a comparison of the first usage pattern and the second usage pattern; and performing an optimization operation based on the potential content overlap. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the usage data comprises user navigation data of the first and second content. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein the user navigation data reflects at least one of the playing, replaying, seeking, scrubbing, pausing, forwarding, or rewinding of the first and second content. 16. The system of claim 13 wherein the optimization operation comprises consolidating the storage of overlapping content in a shared location of computer memory. 17. The system of claim 16 wherein the optimization comprises replay of the first content and second content using stored content from the shared location of computer memory. 18. The system of claim 13 wherein determining a usage pattern comprises identifying common usage activity across a plurality of user usage data around particular time segments of respective content. 19. The system of claim 13 further comprising a machine learning module programmed to identify common usage activity using one or more machine learning models, the models trained with samples of usage data corresponding to samples of content. 20. The system of claim 19 wherein determining potential content overlap comprises using the machine learning module to determine a likelihood of an overlap based upon comparing patterns in the first and second usage patterns. 21. The system of claim 13 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a data file with the respective first and second content. 22. The system of claim 13 wherein at least one of the first and second usage patterns are stored in a database record associated with the respective first and second content. | 3,600 |
341,556 | 16,801,893 | 3,683 | An additive for electrolytes includes a compound represented by Formula 1. The silyl moieties at both ends of the compound may coordinate water to suppress or reduce hydrolysis of LiPF6, and may also form a SEI film capable of improving battery performance. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electrolyte including the additive; and a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte. | 1. An additive for electrolytes, the additive comprising a compound represented by Formula 1: 2. The additive of claim 1, wherein R1 to R3 are identical to each other. 3. The additive of claim 1, wherein R4 to R6 are identical to each other. 4. The additive of claim 1, wherein R1 to R6 are identical to each other. 5. The additive of claim 1, wherein R1 to R6 are each independently selected from:
hydrogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group; and a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group, each being substituted with at least one selected from deuterium and a halogen. 6. The additive of claim 1, wherein R7 is selected from:
a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group; and a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group, each being substituted with at least one selected from deuterium and a halogen. 7. The additive of claim 1, wherein the compound is Compound 1: 8. An electrolyte comprising:
a lithium salt; a non-aqueous solvent; and the additive of claim 1. 9. The electrolyte of claim 8, wherein the additive is included at about 0.1 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte. 10. A lithium secondary battery comprising:
a cathode; an anode; and the electrolyte of claim 8 between the cathode and the anode. 11. The lithium secondary battery of claim 10, wherein the cathode comprises a nickel-based cathode active material. | An additive for electrolytes includes a compound represented by Formula 1. The silyl moieties at both ends of the compound may coordinate water to suppress or reduce hydrolysis of LiPF6, and may also form a SEI film capable of improving battery performance. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electrolyte including the additive; and a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte.1. An additive for electrolytes, the additive comprising a compound represented by Formula 1: 2. The additive of claim 1, wherein R1 to R3 are identical to each other. 3. The additive of claim 1, wherein R4 to R6 are identical to each other. 4. The additive of claim 1, wherein R1 to R6 are identical to each other. 5. The additive of claim 1, wherein R1 to R6 are each independently selected from:
hydrogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group; and a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group, each being substituted with at least one selected from deuterium and a halogen. 6. The additive of claim 1, wherein R7 is selected from:
a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group; and a methyl group, an ethyl group, a n-propyl group, an iso-propyl group, a n-butyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a n-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, a neo-pentyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a sec-pentyl group, a 3-pentyl group, a sec-isopentyl group, a n-hexyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a sec-hexyl group, a tert-hexyl group, a n-heptyl group, an iso-heptyl group, a sec-heptyl group, a tert-heptyl group, a n-octyl group, an iso-octyl group, a sec-octyl group, a tert-octyl group, a n-nonyl group, an iso-nonyl group, a sec-nonyl group, a tert-nonyl group, a n-decyl group, an iso-decyl group, a sec-decyl group, a tert-decyl group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, a hexylene group, a heptylene group, an octylene group, a nonylene group, and a decylene group, each being substituted with at least one selected from deuterium and a halogen. 7. The additive of claim 1, wherein the compound is Compound 1: 8. An electrolyte comprising:
a lithium salt; a non-aqueous solvent; and the additive of claim 1. 9. The electrolyte of claim 8, wherein the additive is included at about 0.1 parts by weight to about 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte. 10. A lithium secondary battery comprising:
a cathode; an anode; and the electrolyte of claim 8 between the cathode and the anode. 11. The lithium secondary battery of claim 10, wherein the cathode comprises a nickel-based cathode active material. | 3,600 |
341,557 | 16,801,884 | 3,683 | A surface cleaning apparatus comprises a cyclone positioned in an air flow path having a tangential air inlet with an inlet end, an outlet end, a cross-sectional flow area in a direction of flow through the tangential air inlet, a height in a direction of the cyclone axis of rotation and a width in a direction transverse to the height of the tangential air inlet. The air flow path comprises an air flow conduit at the inlet end of the tangential inlet having a cross-sectional flow area in a direction transverse to a direction of flow through the air flow conduit. The cross-sectional flow area of the tangential air inlet is greater than the cross-sectional flow area of the air flow conduit and one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. | 1. A surface cleaning apparatus comprising:
(a) an air flow path from a dirty air inlet to a clean air outlet; (b) a cyclone positioned in the air flow path, the cyclone having a tangential air inlet, a cyclone air outlet and a cyclone axis of rotation, the tangential air inlet has an inlet end, an outlet end, a cross-sectional flow area in a direction of flow through the tangential air inlet, a height in a direction of the cyclone axis of rotation and a width in a direction transverse to the height of the tangential air inlet; and, (c) a suction motor positioned in the air flow path, wherein the air flow path comprises an air flow conduit at the inlet end of the tangential inlet, the air flow conduit has a cross-sectional flow area in a direction transverse to a direction of flow through the air flow conduit, and the cross-sectional flow area of the tangential air inlet is greater than the cross-sectional flow area of the air flow conduit and, wherein one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 2. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 3. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the width of the tangential air inlet. 4. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is 1.4 or more greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 5. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the height of the tangential air inlet is 1.4 or more greater than the width of the tangential air inlet. 6. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein a cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet in a direction transverse to the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet is rectangular or ovaloid. 7. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 7 wherein the cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet is D shaped. 8. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a transition member extending between the air flow conduit and the tangential air inlet wherein an outlet end of the transition member has a cross-sectional area in a direction of flow through the transition member that is greater than a cross-sectional area of the inlet end of the transition member in the direction of flow through the transition member. 9. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 8 wherein the inlet end of the transition member has a circular cross-sectional area and the outlet end of the transition member has a non-circular cross-sectional area. 10. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 8 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 11. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 9 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 12. A surface cleaning apparatus comprising:
(a) an air flow path from a dirty air inlet to a clean air outlet; (b) a cyclone positioned in the air flow path, the cyclone having a tangential air inlet, a cyclone air outlet and a cyclone axis of rotation, the tangential air inlet has an inlet end, an outlet end, a cross-sectional flow area in a direction of flow through the tangential air inlet, a height in a direction of the cyclone axis of rotation and a width in a direction transverse to the height of the tangential air inlet; (c) a suction motor positioned in the air flow path; and, (d) a transition member positioned at the inlet end of the tangential inlet, wherein an outlet end of the transition member has a cross-sectional area in a direction of flow through the transition member that is greater than a cross-sectional area of the inlet end of the transition member in the direction of flow through the transition member. 13. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein the inlet end of the transition member has a circular cross-sectional area and the outlet end of the transition member has a non-circular cross-sectional area. 14. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 15. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 13 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 16. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 17. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein the height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the width of the tangential air inlet. 18. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 16 wherein a cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet in a direction transverse to the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet is rectangular or ovaloid. 19. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 18 wherein the cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet is D shaped. | A surface cleaning apparatus comprises a cyclone positioned in an air flow path having a tangential air inlet with an inlet end, an outlet end, a cross-sectional flow area in a direction of flow through the tangential air inlet, a height in a direction of the cyclone axis of rotation and a width in a direction transverse to the height of the tangential air inlet. The air flow path comprises an air flow conduit at the inlet end of the tangential inlet having a cross-sectional flow area in a direction transverse to a direction of flow through the air flow conduit. The cross-sectional flow area of the tangential air inlet is greater than the cross-sectional flow area of the air flow conduit and one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet.1. A surface cleaning apparatus comprising:
(a) an air flow path from a dirty air inlet to a clean air outlet; (b) a cyclone positioned in the air flow path, the cyclone having a tangential air inlet, a cyclone air outlet and a cyclone axis of rotation, the tangential air inlet has an inlet end, an outlet end, a cross-sectional flow area in a direction of flow through the tangential air inlet, a height in a direction of the cyclone axis of rotation and a width in a direction transverse to the height of the tangential air inlet; and, (c) a suction motor positioned in the air flow path, wherein the air flow path comprises an air flow conduit at the inlet end of the tangential inlet, the air flow conduit has a cross-sectional flow area in a direction transverse to a direction of flow through the air flow conduit, and the cross-sectional flow area of the tangential air inlet is greater than the cross-sectional flow area of the air flow conduit and, wherein one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 2. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 3. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the width of the tangential air inlet. 4. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is 1.4 or more greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 5. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein the height of the tangential air inlet is 1.4 or more greater than the width of the tangential air inlet. 6. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 wherein a cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet in a direction transverse to the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet is rectangular or ovaloid. 7. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 7 wherein the cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet is D shaped. 8. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a transition member extending between the air flow conduit and the tangential air inlet wherein an outlet end of the transition member has a cross-sectional area in a direction of flow through the transition member that is greater than a cross-sectional area of the inlet end of the transition member in the direction of flow through the transition member. 9. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 8 wherein the inlet end of the transition member has a circular cross-sectional area and the outlet end of the transition member has a non-circular cross-sectional area. 10. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 8 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 11. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 9 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 12. A surface cleaning apparatus comprising:
(a) an air flow path from a dirty air inlet to a clean air outlet; (b) a cyclone positioned in the air flow path, the cyclone having a tangential air inlet, a cyclone air outlet and a cyclone axis of rotation, the tangential air inlet has an inlet end, an outlet end, a cross-sectional flow area in a direction of flow through the tangential air inlet, a height in a direction of the cyclone axis of rotation and a width in a direction transverse to the height of the tangential air inlet; (c) a suction motor positioned in the air flow path; and, (d) a transition member positioned at the inlet end of the tangential inlet, wherein an outlet end of the transition member has a cross-sectional area in a direction of flow through the transition member that is greater than a cross-sectional area of the inlet end of the transition member in the direction of flow through the transition member. 13. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein the inlet end of the transition member has a circular cross-sectional area and the outlet end of the transition member has a non-circular cross-sectional area. 14. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 15. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 13 wherein the inlet end of the tangential air inlet has a same cross-sectional shape in the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet as the outlet end of the transition member. 16. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein one of the width and height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the other of the width and height of the tangential air inlet. 17. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 12 wherein the height of the tangential air inlet is 1.2 or more greater than the width of the tangential air inlet. 18. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 16 wherein a cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet in a direction transverse to the direction of flow through the tangential air inlet is rectangular or ovaloid. 19. The surface cleaning apparatus of claim 18 wherein the cross-sectional shape of the tangential air inlet is D shaped. | 3,600 |
341,558 | 16,801,795 | 3,683 | A variable-frequency light source is configured to emit a light beam and modulate a frequency of the light beam. A fiber optic cable is attached to the variable frequency light source. The fiber optic cable is configured to receive the light beam at an inlet and pass the light beam to an exit. Multiple optical detectors are attached to the fiber optic cable. Each of the optical detectors is configured to detect a specified frequency of light that is backscattered through the fiber optic cable. An actuation mechanism is attached to the fiber optic cable. The actuation mechanism is configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to a stimulus. | 1. A method comprising:
directing a modulating frequency light beam with a variable frequency light source along a fiber optic cable placed within a borehole; inducing a deformation in the fiber optic cable with a subsurface detection device that is responsive to a specified stimulus; detecting a backscatter of multiple frequencies within the fiber optic cable with a plurality of optical detectors attached to the fiber optic cable, each of the optical detectors configured to detect a specified frequency of light; and determining physical property of a geologic formation in which the borehole is formed in response to detecting the backscatter of multiple frequencies. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein inducing a deformation in the fiber optic cable comprises:
detecting a change in an electromagnetic field with an antenna; and inducing the deformation within the fiber optic cable with a transducer coupled to the antenna in response to the change in the electromagnetic field. 3. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
harvesting energy from changes in magnetic fields within the borehole with an antenna;
storing the harvested energy within an energy storage device; and
powering equipment within the borehole with the stored energy. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the energy storage device comprises a super capacitor or a battery. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
harvesting energy from ambient noise within the borehole with a transducer; storing the harvested energy within an energy storage device; and powering equipment within the borehole with the stored energy. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the energy storage device comprises a super capacitor or a battery. | A variable-frequency light source is configured to emit a light beam and modulate a frequency of the light beam. A fiber optic cable is attached to the variable frequency light source. The fiber optic cable is configured to receive the light beam at an inlet and pass the light beam to an exit. Multiple optical detectors are attached to the fiber optic cable. Each of the optical detectors is configured to detect a specified frequency of light that is backscattered through the fiber optic cable. An actuation mechanism is attached to the fiber optic cable. The actuation mechanism is configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to a stimulus.1. A method comprising:
directing a modulating frequency light beam with a variable frequency light source along a fiber optic cable placed within a borehole; inducing a deformation in the fiber optic cable with a subsurface detection device that is responsive to a specified stimulus; detecting a backscatter of multiple frequencies within the fiber optic cable with a plurality of optical detectors attached to the fiber optic cable, each of the optical detectors configured to detect a specified frequency of light; and determining physical property of a geologic formation in which the borehole is formed in response to detecting the backscatter of multiple frequencies. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein inducing a deformation in the fiber optic cable comprises:
detecting a change in an electromagnetic field with an antenna; and inducing the deformation within the fiber optic cable with a transducer coupled to the antenna in response to the change in the electromagnetic field. 3. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
harvesting energy from changes in magnetic fields within the borehole with an antenna;
storing the harvested energy within an energy storage device; and
powering equipment within the borehole with the stored energy. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the energy storage device comprises a super capacitor or a battery. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
harvesting energy from ambient noise within the borehole with a transducer; storing the harvested energy within an energy storage device; and powering equipment within the borehole with the stored energy. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the energy storage device comprises a super capacitor or a battery. | 3,600 |
341,559 | 16,801,891 | 3,683 | A container assembly is disclosed. The container assembly includes a container that contains a volume. Selected portions of the container assembly may be removable. A spigot assembly may be removed and associated with a filter assembly. | 1. A system to contain a fluid, comprising:
a first sidewall and a second sidewall extending from a first end to a second end; a first end wall and a second end wall; a bottom wall extending between all of the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the first end wall, and the second end wall; a spigot assembly selectively connected to the first end wall and extending at least partially within a sump; wherein the bottom wall includes a first region and a second region, at least the first region is angled toward the second end, and the second region forms the sump. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the bottom wall forms an angle greater than zero degrees relative to a level surface;
wherein the angle greater than zero directs a fluid to at least the second region. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first sidewall and the second sidewall form a taper of a container formed by the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the first end wall, the second end wall, and the bottom wall from a top portion of the container toward the bottom wall. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein at least the second end wall extends from a lower portion to an upper portion;
wherein an outer surface of the second end wall at the support portion forms a radius; wherein the radius at the upper portion of the second end wall is operable as a grasping portion of a container. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first end wall forms an internal spigot engaging portion;
wherein the spigot includes a container engaging portion; wherein the internal spigot engaging portion and container engaging portion include radially extending complementary engaging walls. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the radially extending complementary engaging walls fix the spigot assembly to the first end wall with a quarter turn. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the spigot assembly includes a valve assembly and a filter assembly. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the spigot assembly is removable from the first end wall as a single unit. 9. A system to contain a fluid, comprising:
a container having:
a first sidewall and a second sidewall extending from a first end to a second end,
a first end wall and a second end wall, and
a bottom wall extending between all of the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the first end wall, and the second end wall;
a valve assembly operable between an open configuration and a closed configuration to selectively remove a fluid from the container; a filter assembly selectively connectable to the valve assembly to filter a fluid exiting the container; a monitoring system to indicate a feature of the container or the filter. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the monitoring system includes a visual indicator. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the visual indicator includes a light pipe to direct a light emitted from a light source. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the monitoring system is integrated into the valve assembly;
wherein the valve assembly and the monitoring system are removable from the container as a single unit. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the valve assembly and the filter assembly are selectively removable from the container as a single unit. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the filter assembly filters the fluid exiting the container when connected to the valve assembly. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the monitoring assembly includes a light sensor to sense existence of light when the filter assembly is selectively removed from the valve assembly. 16. The system of claim 13, wherein the single unit of the valve assembly and the filter assembly are slidably removable from the container. 17. The system of claim 9, wherein the container includes a fill port;
wherein the container defines a container volume that is filed unobstructed through the file port. 18. A method of monitoring a container system, comprising:
connecting a monitoring system to a container; operating a valve assembly to cause a fluid to exit the container; receiving a signal when the valve assembly is operated to cause the fluid to exit the container; determining a status of whether a threshold is reached based at least upon the received signal; and outputting an indication of the determined status. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the determined status is that a threshold has not been reached;
wherein outputting the indication includes emitting a green light. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
transferring the emitted green light with a light pipe to a user viewable portion. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the determined status is that a threshold has been reached;
wherein outputting the indication includes emitting a red light. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
transferring the emitted red light with a light pipe to a user viewable portion. 23. The method of claim 28, further comprising:
generating a reset signal based on sensing an ambient light when a filter assembly is removed from a valve assembly. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein determining the status of whether the threshold is reached is based at least upon the reset signal. 25. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
removing a single unit of the valve assembly and a filter assembly to replace a filter portion. | A container assembly is disclosed. The container assembly includes a container that contains a volume. Selected portions of the container assembly may be removable. A spigot assembly may be removed and associated with a filter assembly.1. A system to contain a fluid, comprising:
a first sidewall and a second sidewall extending from a first end to a second end; a first end wall and a second end wall; a bottom wall extending between all of the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the first end wall, and the second end wall; a spigot assembly selectively connected to the first end wall and extending at least partially within a sump; wherein the bottom wall includes a first region and a second region, at least the first region is angled toward the second end, and the second region forms the sump. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the bottom wall forms an angle greater than zero degrees relative to a level surface;
wherein the angle greater than zero directs a fluid to at least the second region. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first sidewall and the second sidewall form a taper of a container formed by the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the first end wall, the second end wall, and the bottom wall from a top portion of the container toward the bottom wall. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein at least the second end wall extends from a lower portion to an upper portion;
wherein an outer surface of the second end wall at the support portion forms a radius; wherein the radius at the upper portion of the second end wall is operable as a grasping portion of a container. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first end wall forms an internal spigot engaging portion;
wherein the spigot includes a container engaging portion; wherein the internal spigot engaging portion and container engaging portion include radially extending complementary engaging walls. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the radially extending complementary engaging walls fix the spigot assembly to the first end wall with a quarter turn. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the spigot assembly includes a valve assembly and a filter assembly. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the spigot assembly is removable from the first end wall as a single unit. 9. A system to contain a fluid, comprising:
a container having:
a first sidewall and a second sidewall extending from a first end to a second end,
a first end wall and a second end wall, and
a bottom wall extending between all of the first sidewall, the second sidewall, the first end wall, and the second end wall;
a valve assembly operable between an open configuration and a closed configuration to selectively remove a fluid from the container; a filter assembly selectively connectable to the valve assembly to filter a fluid exiting the container; a monitoring system to indicate a feature of the container or the filter. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the monitoring system includes a visual indicator. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the visual indicator includes a light pipe to direct a light emitted from a light source. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the monitoring system is integrated into the valve assembly;
wherein the valve assembly and the monitoring system are removable from the container as a single unit. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the valve assembly and the filter assembly are selectively removable from the container as a single unit. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the filter assembly filters the fluid exiting the container when connected to the valve assembly. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the monitoring assembly includes a light sensor to sense existence of light when the filter assembly is selectively removed from the valve assembly. 16. The system of claim 13, wherein the single unit of the valve assembly and the filter assembly are slidably removable from the container. 17. The system of claim 9, wherein the container includes a fill port;
wherein the container defines a container volume that is filed unobstructed through the file port. 18. A method of monitoring a container system, comprising:
connecting a monitoring system to a container; operating a valve assembly to cause a fluid to exit the container; receiving a signal when the valve assembly is operated to cause the fluid to exit the container; determining a status of whether a threshold is reached based at least upon the received signal; and outputting an indication of the determined status. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the determined status is that a threshold has not been reached;
wherein outputting the indication includes emitting a green light. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
transferring the emitted green light with a light pipe to a user viewable portion. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the determined status is that a threshold has been reached;
wherein outputting the indication includes emitting a red light. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
transferring the emitted red light with a light pipe to a user viewable portion. 23. The method of claim 28, further comprising:
generating a reset signal based on sensing an ambient light when a filter assembly is removed from a valve assembly. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein determining the status of whether the threshold is reached is based at least upon the reset signal. 25. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
removing a single unit of the valve assembly and a filter assembly to replace a filter portion. | 3,600 |
341,560 | 16,801,885 | 3,683 | Presented herein are techniques that make use of objective measurements obtained in response to acoustic stimulation signals. More specifically, at least one measure of outer hair cell function and at least one measure of auditory nerve function are obtained from a tonotopic region of an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis. The at least one measure of auditory nerve function and the least one measure of outer hair cell function are then analyzed relative to one another. | 1. A method, comprising:
delivering one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals to an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis; obtaining, in response to the one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals, at least one measure of outer hair cell function from a tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient; obtaining, in response to the one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals, at least one measure of auditory nerve function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient; and analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprises:
determining whether the at least one measure of auditory nerve function differs from an expected measure of auditory nerve function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; determining whether the at least one measure of outer hair cell function differs from an expected measure of outer hair cell function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; and analyzing any differences between the at least one measure of auditory nerve function and the expected measure of auditory nerve function relative to any differences between the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and the expected measure of outer hair cell function. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the at least one measure of outer hair cell function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient comprises:
obtaining at least one cochlear microphonic from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the at least one measure of auditory nerve function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient comprises:
obtaining at least one auditory nerve neurophonic from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprises:
analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear has a physiological abnormality. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
identifying a presence of a physiological abnormality at the tonotopic region; and identifying a type of the physiological abnormality present at the tonotopic region. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprises:
analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear is functioning, in response to the one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals, in accordance with at least one predetermined expectation. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, based on the analyzing of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function, at least one input/output for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, based on the analyzing of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function, one or more gain functions for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
obtaining an audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient; and determining the one or more gain functions based on the analyzing of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and based on the audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein delivering one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals to an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis:
delivering acoustic stimulation signals at a selected and substantially constant frequency while incrementally adjusting an amplitude of the acoustic stimulation signals. 12. An apparatus, comprising:
a memory; and one or more processors configured to:
obtain at least one cochlear microphonic evoked at a tonotopic region of an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis,
obtain at least one auditory nerve neurophonic evoked from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient, and
determine whether the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic differs from an expected auditory nerve neurophonic for the tonotopic region the inner ear;
determine whether the at least one cochlear microphonic differs from an expected cochlear microphonic for the tonotopic region the inner ear; and
analyze any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein to analyze any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic, the one or more processors are configured to:
analyzing any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear has a physiological abnormality. 14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
determine, based on the analyzing of any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic, at least one input/output for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
determine, based on the analyzing of any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic, one or more gain functions for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
obtain an audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient; and determine the one or more gain functions based on the analyzing of any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic and based on the audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient. 17. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising:
an intra-cochlear stimulating assembly configured to be implanted in an inner ear of a recipient, wherein the intra-cochlear stimulating assembly comprises a plurality of stimulating contacts configured to obtain the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the at least one cochlear microphonic. 18. One or more non-transitory computer readable storage media encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:
obtain at least one measure of outer hair cell function from a tonotopic region of an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis; obtain at least one measure of auditory nerve function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient, wherein the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and the least one measure of auditory nerve function are evoked in response to acoustic stimulation signals delivered to the inner ear; analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function; and provide at least one of a visible or audible indication of a result of the analysis of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage media of claim 18, wherein the instructions operable to analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprise instructions operable to:
determine whether the at least one measure of auditory nerve function differs from an expected measure of auditory nerve function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; determine whether the at least one measure of outer hair cell function differs from an expected measure of outer hair cell function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; and analyze any differences between the at least one measure of auditory nerve function and the expected measure of auditory nerve function relative to any differences between the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and the expected measure of outer hair cell function. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage media of claim 18, wherein:
the instructions operable to analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprise instructions operable to analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear has a physiological abnormality, and wherein the instructions operable to provide at least one of a visible or audible indication of a result of the analysis of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprise instructions operable to provide at least one of a visible or audible indication of the physiological abnormality. | Presented herein are techniques that make use of objective measurements obtained in response to acoustic stimulation signals. More specifically, at least one measure of outer hair cell function and at least one measure of auditory nerve function are obtained from a tonotopic region of an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis. The at least one measure of auditory nerve function and the least one measure of outer hair cell function are then analyzed relative to one another.1. A method, comprising:
delivering one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals to an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis; obtaining, in response to the one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals, at least one measure of outer hair cell function from a tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient; obtaining, in response to the one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals, at least one measure of auditory nerve function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient; and analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprises:
determining whether the at least one measure of auditory nerve function differs from an expected measure of auditory nerve function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; determining whether the at least one measure of outer hair cell function differs from an expected measure of outer hair cell function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; and analyzing any differences between the at least one measure of auditory nerve function and the expected measure of auditory nerve function relative to any differences between the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and the expected measure of outer hair cell function. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the at least one measure of outer hair cell function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient comprises:
obtaining at least one cochlear microphonic from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the at least one measure of auditory nerve function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient comprises:
obtaining at least one auditory nerve neurophonic from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprises:
analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear has a physiological abnormality. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
identifying a presence of a physiological abnormality at the tonotopic region; and identifying a type of the physiological abnormality present at the tonotopic region. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprises:
analyzing the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear is functioning, in response to the one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals, in accordance with at least one predetermined expectation. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, based on the analyzing of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function, at least one input/output for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, based on the analyzing of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function, one or more gain functions for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
obtaining an audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient; and determining the one or more gain functions based on the analyzing of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and based on the audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein delivering one or more sets of acoustic stimulation signals to an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis:
delivering acoustic stimulation signals at a selected and substantially constant frequency while incrementally adjusting an amplitude of the acoustic stimulation signals. 12. An apparatus, comprising:
a memory; and one or more processors configured to:
obtain at least one cochlear microphonic evoked at a tonotopic region of an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis,
obtain at least one auditory nerve neurophonic evoked from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient, and
determine whether the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic differs from an expected auditory nerve neurophonic for the tonotopic region the inner ear;
determine whether the at least one cochlear microphonic differs from an expected cochlear microphonic for the tonotopic region the inner ear; and
analyze any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein to analyze any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic, the one or more processors are configured to:
analyzing any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear has a physiological abnormality. 14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
determine, based on the analyzing of any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic, at least one input/output for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
determine, based on the analyzing of any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic, one or more gain functions for the tonotopic region of the inner ear. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
obtain an audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient; and determine the one or more gain functions based on the analyzing of any differences between the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the expected auditory nerve neurophonic relative to any differences between the at least one cochlear microphonic and the expected cochlear microphonic and based on the audiogram generated for the inner ear of the recipient. 17. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising:
an intra-cochlear stimulating assembly configured to be implanted in an inner ear of a recipient, wherein the intra-cochlear stimulating assembly comprises a plurality of stimulating contacts configured to obtain the at least one auditory nerve neurophonic and the at least one cochlear microphonic. 18. One or more non-transitory computer readable storage media encoded with instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:
obtain at least one measure of outer hair cell function from a tonotopic region of an inner ear of a recipient of a hearing prosthesis; obtain at least one measure of auditory nerve function from the tonotopic region of the inner ear of the recipient, wherein the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and the least one measure of auditory nerve function are evoked in response to acoustic stimulation signals delivered to the inner ear; analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function; and provide at least one of a visible or audible indication of a result of the analysis of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage media of claim 18, wherein the instructions operable to analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprise instructions operable to:
determine whether the at least one measure of auditory nerve function differs from an expected measure of auditory nerve function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; determine whether the at least one measure of outer hair cell function differs from an expected measure of outer hair cell function for the tonotopic region the inner ear; and analyze any differences between the at least one measure of auditory nerve function and the expected measure of auditory nerve function relative to any differences between the at least one measure of outer hair cell function and the expected measure of outer hair cell function. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage media of claim 18, wherein:
the instructions operable to analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprise instructions operable to analyze the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function to determine whether the tonotopic region of the inner ear has a physiological abnormality, and wherein the instructions operable to provide at least one of a visible or audible indication of a result of the analysis of the at least one measure of auditory nerve function relative to the at least one measure of outer hair cell function comprise instructions operable to provide at least one of a visible or audible indication of the physiological abnormality. | 3,600 |
341,561 | 16,801,819 | 3,683 | The disclosure provides a technique that can improve a raptorQ encoding delay time by using a source block generated in real time while reducing the number of times that a memory is referred to. In one aspect, an encoding apparatus generates a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of an original operation list according to Gaussian elimination related to raptorQ encoding, where rearranging means rearranging according to a generation order of source symbols. If the operations of the rearranged operation list are performed in order according to source symbols generated in real time, about 90% of operations may be performed in advance just before all source symbols constituting a source block are generated, and also, the number of times that a memory is referred to may be reduced. | 1. An encoding apparatus comprising:
a padding portion configured to add a padding symbol to a source block and generate an extended source block; an intermediate symbol generator configured to generate an intermediate symbol by using the extended source block; and an LT encoder configured to generate an encoded source block by using the intermediate symbol, wherein the intermediate symbol generator comprises: a memory storing an original operation list according to Gaussian elimination; and an operation list rearranger configured to generate a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of the original operation list according to a generation order of source symbols and store the rearranged operation list in the memory. 2. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to generate the original operation list according to the number of input source symbols and store the original operation list in the memory. 3. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to generate the rearranged operation list under a condition that the source symbols are generated one by one. 4. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to store the rearranged operation list in the memory and then delete the original operation list from the memory. 5. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to store, in the memory, a rearrangement object list for managing operation information having been rearranged according to the generation order of source symbols or operation information incapable of being rearranged in the original operation list. 6. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rearranged operation list includes operation order information, first symbol information, second symbol information, operation content information, and a generation order of source symbols capable of being operated. 7. The encoding apparatus of claim 6, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to store, in the memory, an unavailable symbol list for managing information about a first symbol and a second symbol incapable of being used for operations according to the generation order of source symbols in the original operation list. 8. The encoding apparatus of claim 7, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to rearrange, except for operations including the first symbol or the second symbol included in the unavailable symbol list in the original operation list, the remaining operations in the original operation list. 9. The encoding apparatus of claim 7, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to rearrange all operations capable of being rearranged in the original operation list according to the generation order of source symbols, and then initialize the unavailable symbol list. 10. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the intermediate symbol generator further comprises an operator configured to perform operations according to the rearranged operation list by using source symbols generated up to an arbitrary operation start time. 11. A method of rearranging an operation list, the method comprising:
operation (a) of generating, by a processor, a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of an original operation list based on Gaussian elimination according to a generation order of source symbols; and operation (b) of storing, by the processor, the rearranged operation list in a memory. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising, before the operation (a), generating, by the processor, the original operation list according to the number of input source symbols and storing the original operation list in the memory. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation (a) comprises generating, by the processor, the rearranged operation list under a condition that the source symbols are generated one by one. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation (b) further comprises storing the rearranged operation list in the memory and then deleting the original operation list from the memory. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation (a) further comprises storing, by the processor, a rearrangement object list for managing operation information having been rearranged according to the generation order of source symbols or operation information incapable of being rearranged in the original operation list, in the memory. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the rearranged operation list includes operation order information, first symbol information, second symbol information, operation content information, and a generation order of source symbols capable of being operated. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the operation (a) further comprises storing, by the processor, an unavailable symbol list for managing information about a first symbol and a second symbol incapable of being used for operations according to the generation order of source symbols in the original operation list, in the memory. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the operation (a) comprises rearranging, by the processor, except for operations including the first symbol or the second symbol included in the unavailable symbol list in the original operation list, the remaining operations in the original operation list. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the operation (a) further comprises rearranging, by the processor, all operations capable of being rearranged in the original operation list according to the generation order of source symbols, and then initializing the unavailable symbol list. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
padding operation (c) of adding, by the processor, a padding symbol to a source block and generating an extended source block; intermediate symbol generation operation (d) of generating, by the processor, an intermediate symbol by using the extended source block; and LT encoding operation (e) of generating, by the processor, an encoded source block by using the intermediate symbol, wherein the operation (d) comprises performing, by the processor, operations according to the rearranged operation list by using source symbols generated up to an arbitrary operation start time. 21. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing instructions, when executed, configured to perform a method of rearranging an operation list, the method comprising:
generating, by a processor, a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of an original operation list based on Gaussian elimination according to a generation order of source symbols; and storing, by the processor, the rearranged operation list in a memory. | The disclosure provides a technique that can improve a raptorQ encoding delay time by using a source block generated in real time while reducing the number of times that a memory is referred to. In one aspect, an encoding apparatus generates a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of an original operation list according to Gaussian elimination related to raptorQ encoding, where rearranging means rearranging according to a generation order of source symbols. If the operations of the rearranged operation list are performed in order according to source symbols generated in real time, about 90% of operations may be performed in advance just before all source symbols constituting a source block are generated, and also, the number of times that a memory is referred to may be reduced.1. An encoding apparatus comprising:
a padding portion configured to add a padding symbol to a source block and generate an extended source block; an intermediate symbol generator configured to generate an intermediate symbol by using the extended source block; and an LT encoder configured to generate an encoded source block by using the intermediate symbol, wherein the intermediate symbol generator comprises: a memory storing an original operation list according to Gaussian elimination; and an operation list rearranger configured to generate a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of the original operation list according to a generation order of source symbols and store the rearranged operation list in the memory. 2. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to generate the original operation list according to the number of input source symbols and store the original operation list in the memory. 3. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to generate the rearranged operation list under a condition that the source symbols are generated one by one. 4. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to store the rearranged operation list in the memory and then delete the original operation list from the memory. 5. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to store, in the memory, a rearrangement object list for managing operation information having been rearranged according to the generation order of source symbols or operation information incapable of being rearranged in the original operation list. 6. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rearranged operation list includes operation order information, first symbol information, second symbol information, operation content information, and a generation order of source symbols capable of being operated. 7. The encoding apparatus of claim 6, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to store, in the memory, an unavailable symbol list for managing information about a first symbol and a second symbol incapable of being used for operations according to the generation order of source symbols in the original operation list. 8. The encoding apparatus of claim 7, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to rearrange, except for operations including the first symbol or the second symbol included in the unavailable symbol list in the original operation list, the remaining operations in the original operation list. 9. The encoding apparatus of claim 7, wherein the operation list rearranger is further configured to rearrange all operations capable of being rearranged in the original operation list according to the generation order of source symbols, and then initialize the unavailable symbol list. 10. The encoding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the intermediate symbol generator further comprises an operator configured to perform operations according to the rearranged operation list by using source symbols generated up to an arbitrary operation start time. 11. A method of rearranging an operation list, the method comprising:
operation (a) of generating, by a processor, a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of an original operation list based on Gaussian elimination according to a generation order of source symbols; and operation (b) of storing, by the processor, the rearranged operation list in a memory. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising, before the operation (a), generating, by the processor, the original operation list according to the number of input source symbols and storing the original operation list in the memory. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation (a) comprises generating, by the processor, the rearranged operation list under a condition that the source symbols are generated one by one. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation (b) further comprises storing the rearranged operation list in the memory and then deleting the original operation list from the memory. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation (a) further comprises storing, by the processor, a rearrangement object list for managing operation information having been rearranged according to the generation order of source symbols or operation information incapable of being rearranged in the original operation list, in the memory. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the rearranged operation list includes operation order information, first symbol information, second symbol information, operation content information, and a generation order of source symbols capable of being operated. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the operation (a) further comprises storing, by the processor, an unavailable symbol list for managing information about a first symbol and a second symbol incapable of being used for operations according to the generation order of source symbols in the original operation list, in the memory. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the operation (a) comprises rearranging, by the processor, except for operations including the first symbol or the second symbol included in the unavailable symbol list in the original operation list, the remaining operations in the original operation list. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the operation (a) further comprises rearranging, by the processor, all operations capable of being rearranged in the original operation list according to the generation order of source symbols, and then initializing the unavailable symbol list. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
padding operation (c) of adding, by the processor, a padding symbol to a source block and generating an extended source block; intermediate symbol generation operation (d) of generating, by the processor, an intermediate symbol by using the extended source block; and LT encoding operation (e) of generating, by the processor, an encoded source block by using the intermediate symbol, wherein the operation (d) comprises performing, by the processor, operations according to the rearranged operation list by using source symbols generated up to an arbitrary operation start time. 21. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing instructions, when executed, configured to perform a method of rearranging an operation list, the method comprising:
generating, by a processor, a rearranged operation list by rearranging an operation order of an original operation list based on Gaussian elimination according to a generation order of source symbols; and storing, by the processor, the rearranged operation list in a memory. | 3,600 |
341,562 | 16,801,896 | 3,683 | A deflector rod includes a linkage member configured to drive a louver of an air outlet frame to rotate and a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member. The linkage member includes a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member. The shift member includes a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member and a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member. Both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove. The groove, the first limiting projection, and the second limiting projection are configured to clamp an air guide bar of the air outlet frame such that the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove, and between the first limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove. | 1. A deflector rod comprising:
a linkage member configured to drive a louver of an air outlet frame to rotate, and including a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member; and a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member, and including:
a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member; and
a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member;
wherein:
both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove; and
the groove, the first limiting projection, and the second limiting projection are configured to clamp an air guide bar of the air outlet frame such that the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove, and between the first limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove. 2. The deflector rod according to claim 1, wherein the first limiting projection includes a guide slope at an end surface of the first limiting projection distal from an inner side wall of the groove, and the guide slope is inclined away from the linkage member in a direction from an opening of the groove to the bottom wall of the groove. 3. The deflector rod according to claim 1, further comprising:
a connection member including:
a first end connected with an end of the linkage member proximal to the shift member; and
a second end extending in a direction away from the bottom wall of the groove and connected with the first limiting projection. 4. The deflector rod according to claim 3, further comprising:
an elastic member; wherein:
the linkage member includes a recess at the end of the linkage member proximal to the shift member;
a first end of the elastic member in a longitudinal direction of the elastic member is connected with a bottom wall of the recess and a second end of the elastic member is connected with the connection member; and
both sides of the elastic member in a width direction of the elastic member are spaced apart from an inner peripheral wall of the recess. 5. The deflector rod according to claim 1, wherein the second limiting projection includes a guide slope at an end surface of the second limiting projection away from an inner side wall of the groove, the guide slope being inclined toward the linkage member in a direction from an opening of the groove to the bottom wall of the groove. 6. The deflector rod according to claim 1, wherein the shift member includes a plurality of shift ribs at an outer side wall of the shift member away from the linkage member, the plurality of shift ribs being spaced apart from each other. 7. An air outlet frame assembly comprising:
an air outlet frame including an air outlet channel and an air guide bar provided in the air outlet channel and extending in a length direction of the air outlet channel; and a louver rotatably provided at the air outlet frame and located upstream of the air guide bar in an air flow direction; and a deflector rod including:
a linkage member configured to drive the louver to rotate, and including a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member, another end of the linkage member being connected with an end of the louver proximal to the air guide bar; and
a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member, and including:
a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member; and
a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member;
wherein:
both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove; and
the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the first limiting projection and a bottom wall of the groove, and between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove. 8. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein:
the air outlet channel further includes a plurality of reinforcing rib plates extending in a width direction of the air outlet channel and spaced apart from each other in the length direction of the air outlet channel; and the air guide bar is connected with the plurality of reinforcing rib plates. 9. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein:
the air outlet frame includes a first mounting member and a second mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a width direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the first mounting member including:
a notch located at an air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting rib in the notch, two ends of the mounting rib in a longitudinal direction of the mounting rib being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting rib being spaced apart from an inner wall of the notch, and the mounting rib including a mounting hole configured to mount the louver and including a mounting notch; and
the louver includes a first rotation member in the mounting hole and a second rotation member fitted with the second mounting member. 10. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein in a direction toward the mounting notch, the width of the mounting hole is increased gradually and then decreased gradually. 11. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein:
the notch includes:
a first sub-notch formed at the air inlet end of the air inlet frame; and
a second sub-notch formed at a bottom wall of the first sub-notch, and a maximum width of the second sub-notch being less than a minimum width of the first sub-notch;
the mounting rib includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment connected successively; the second segment is opposite to the second sub-notch to form the mounting hole; one end of the first segment and one end of the third segment are connected with two longitudinal ends of the second segment, respectively, and another end of the first segment and another end of the third segment are connected with opposite inner side walls of the first sub-notch, respectively; and the first segment and the third segment extend in a length direction of the air outlet frame. 12. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein the first mounting member further includes a connection rib between the mounting rib and the inner wall of the notch. 13. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein the first mounting member is one of a plurality of first mounting members of the air outlet frame, the plurality of first mounting members being spaced apart from each other in a length direction of the air outlet frame. 14. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein the first mounting member and the second mounting member have a same structure. 15. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein:
the notch is a first notch; the air outlet frame further includes a third mounting member and a fourth mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a length direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the third mounting member including:
a second notch located at the air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting batten is in the second notch, two ends of the mounting batten in a longitudinal direction of the mounting batten being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the second notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting batten being spaced apart from an inner wall of the second notch, the mounting batten including a rotation hole configured to accommodate a rotating shaft, and the rotation hole including a mounting opening. 16. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 15, wherein the fourth mounting member is formed as a fitting hole. 17. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein the shift member includes a plurality of shift ribs at an outer side wall of the shift member away from the linkage member, the plurality of shift ribs being spaced apart from each other in a length direction of the air guide bar, and each of the shift ribs extending in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the air guide bar. 18. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein the linkage member extends in a length direction of the air guide bar and includes a plurality of accommodation notches spaced apart from each other in a length direction of the linkage member. 19. An air conditioner comprising:
a housing including an air outlet; and an air outlet frame assembly rotatably provided at the air outlet, the air outlet frame assembly including:
an air outlet frame including an air outlet channel and an air guide bar provided in the air outlet channel and extending in a length direction of the air outlet channel; and
a louver rotatably provided at the air outlet frame and located upstream of the air guide bar in an air flow direction; and
a deflector rod including:
a linkage member configured to drive the louver to rotate, and including a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member, another end of the linkage member being connected with an end of the louver proximal to the air guide bar; and
a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member, and including:
a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member; and
a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member;
wherein:
both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove; and
the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the first limiting projection and a bottom wall of the groove, and between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove. 20. The air conditioner according to claim 19, wherein:
the air outlet frame includes:
a first mounting member and a second mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a width direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the first mounting member including:
a first notch located at an air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting rib in the first notch, two ends of the mounting rib in a longitudinal direction of the mounting rib being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the first notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting rib being spaced apart from an inner wall of the first notch, the mounting rib including a mounting hole configured to mount the louver and including a mounting notch; and
a third mounting member and a fourth mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a length direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the third mounting member including:
a second notch located at the air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting batten is in the second notch, two ends of the mounting batten in a longitudinal direction of the mounting batten being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the second notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting batten being spaced apart from an inner wall of the second notch, the mounting batten including a rotation hole configured to accommodate a rotating shaft, and the rotation hole including a mounting opening;
the louver includes a first rotation member in the mounting hole and a second rotation member fitted with the second mounting member; the housing further includes a third rotation member and a fourth rotation member at two inner side walls of the air outlet in a width direction of the air outlet, respectively, the third rotation member being located in the rotation hole, and the fourth rotation member being fitted with the fourth mounting member. | A deflector rod includes a linkage member configured to drive a louver of an air outlet frame to rotate and a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member. The linkage member includes a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member. The shift member includes a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member and a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member. Both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove. The groove, the first limiting projection, and the second limiting projection are configured to clamp an air guide bar of the air outlet frame such that the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove, and between the first limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove.1. A deflector rod comprising:
a linkage member configured to drive a louver of an air outlet frame to rotate, and including a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member; and a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member, and including:
a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member; and
a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member;
wherein:
both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove; and
the groove, the first limiting projection, and the second limiting projection are configured to clamp an air guide bar of the air outlet frame such that the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove, and between the first limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove. 2. The deflector rod according to claim 1, wherein the first limiting projection includes a guide slope at an end surface of the first limiting projection distal from an inner side wall of the groove, and the guide slope is inclined away from the linkage member in a direction from an opening of the groove to the bottom wall of the groove. 3. The deflector rod according to claim 1, further comprising:
a connection member including:
a first end connected with an end of the linkage member proximal to the shift member; and
a second end extending in a direction away from the bottom wall of the groove and connected with the first limiting projection. 4. The deflector rod according to claim 3, further comprising:
an elastic member; wherein:
the linkage member includes a recess at the end of the linkage member proximal to the shift member;
a first end of the elastic member in a longitudinal direction of the elastic member is connected with a bottom wall of the recess and a second end of the elastic member is connected with the connection member; and
both sides of the elastic member in a width direction of the elastic member are spaced apart from an inner peripheral wall of the recess. 5. The deflector rod according to claim 1, wherein the second limiting projection includes a guide slope at an end surface of the second limiting projection away from an inner side wall of the groove, the guide slope being inclined toward the linkage member in a direction from an opening of the groove to the bottom wall of the groove. 6. The deflector rod according to claim 1, wherein the shift member includes a plurality of shift ribs at an outer side wall of the shift member away from the linkage member, the plurality of shift ribs being spaced apart from each other. 7. An air outlet frame assembly comprising:
an air outlet frame including an air outlet channel and an air guide bar provided in the air outlet channel and extending in a length direction of the air outlet channel; and a louver rotatably provided at the air outlet frame and located upstream of the air guide bar in an air flow direction; and a deflector rod including:
a linkage member configured to drive the louver to rotate, and including a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member, another end of the linkage member being connected with an end of the louver proximal to the air guide bar; and
a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member, and including:
a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member; and
a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member;
wherein:
both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove; and
the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the first limiting projection and a bottom wall of the groove, and between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove. 8. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein:
the air outlet channel further includes a plurality of reinforcing rib plates extending in a width direction of the air outlet channel and spaced apart from each other in the length direction of the air outlet channel; and the air guide bar is connected with the plurality of reinforcing rib plates. 9. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein:
the air outlet frame includes a first mounting member and a second mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a width direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the first mounting member including:
a notch located at an air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting rib in the notch, two ends of the mounting rib in a longitudinal direction of the mounting rib being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting rib being spaced apart from an inner wall of the notch, and the mounting rib including a mounting hole configured to mount the louver and including a mounting notch; and
the louver includes a first rotation member in the mounting hole and a second rotation member fitted with the second mounting member. 10. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein in a direction toward the mounting notch, the width of the mounting hole is increased gradually and then decreased gradually. 11. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein:
the notch includes:
a first sub-notch formed at the air inlet end of the air inlet frame; and
a second sub-notch formed at a bottom wall of the first sub-notch, and a maximum width of the second sub-notch being less than a minimum width of the first sub-notch;
the mounting rib includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment connected successively; the second segment is opposite to the second sub-notch to form the mounting hole; one end of the first segment and one end of the third segment are connected with two longitudinal ends of the second segment, respectively, and another end of the first segment and another end of the third segment are connected with opposite inner side walls of the first sub-notch, respectively; and the first segment and the third segment extend in a length direction of the air outlet frame. 12. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein the first mounting member further includes a connection rib between the mounting rib and the inner wall of the notch. 13. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein the first mounting member is one of a plurality of first mounting members of the air outlet frame, the plurality of first mounting members being spaced apart from each other in a length direction of the air outlet frame. 14. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein the first mounting member and the second mounting member have a same structure. 15. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 9, wherein:
the notch is a first notch; the air outlet frame further includes a third mounting member and a fourth mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a length direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the third mounting member including:
a second notch located at the air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting batten is in the second notch, two ends of the mounting batten in a longitudinal direction of the mounting batten being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the second notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting batten being spaced apart from an inner wall of the second notch, the mounting batten including a rotation hole configured to accommodate a rotating shaft, and the rotation hole including a mounting opening. 16. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 15, wherein the fourth mounting member is formed as a fitting hole. 17. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein the shift member includes a plurality of shift ribs at an outer side wall of the shift member away from the linkage member, the plurality of shift ribs being spaced apart from each other in a length direction of the air guide bar, and each of the shift ribs extending in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the air guide bar. 18. The air outlet frame assembly according to claim 7, wherein the linkage member extends in a length direction of the air guide bar and includes a plurality of accommodation notches spaced apart from each other in a length direction of the linkage member. 19. An air conditioner comprising:
a housing including an air outlet; and an air outlet frame assembly rotatably provided at the air outlet, the air outlet frame assembly including:
an air outlet frame including an air outlet channel and an air guide bar provided in the air outlet channel and extending in a length direction of the air outlet channel; and
a louver rotatably provided at the air outlet frame and located upstream of the air guide bar in an air flow direction; and
a deflector rod including:
a linkage member configured to drive the louver to rotate, and including a first limiting projection provided at one end of the linkage member, another end of the linkage member being connected with an end of the louver proximal to the air guide bar; and
a shift member connected with the end of the linkage member, and including:
a groove extending between two opposite ends of the shift member; and
a second limiting projection provided at a side wall of the groove away from the linkage member;
wherein:
both the second limiting projection and the first limiting projection are spaced apart from a bottom wall of the groove; and
the air guide bar is at least partially located in the groove, between the first limiting projection and a bottom wall of the groove, and between the second limiting projection and the bottom wall of the groove. 20. The air conditioner according to claim 19, wherein:
the air outlet frame includes:
a first mounting member and a second mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a width direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the first mounting member including:
a first notch located at an air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting rib in the first notch, two ends of the mounting rib in a longitudinal direction of the mounting rib being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the first notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting rib being spaced apart from an inner wall of the first notch, the mounting rib including a mounting hole configured to mount the louver and including a mounting notch; and
a third mounting member and a fourth mounting member at two ends of the air outlet frame in a length direction of the air outlet frame, respectively, the third mounting member including:
a second notch located at the air inlet end of the air outlet frame; and
a mounting batten is in the second notch, two ends of the mounting batten in a longitudinal direction of the mounting batten being connected with two opposite inner side walls of the second notch, respectively, a rest part of the mounting batten being spaced apart from an inner wall of the second notch, the mounting batten including a rotation hole configured to accommodate a rotating shaft, and the rotation hole including a mounting opening;
the louver includes a first rotation member in the mounting hole and a second rotation member fitted with the second mounting member; the housing further includes a third rotation member and a fourth rotation member at two inner side walls of the air outlet in a width direction of the air outlet, respectively, the third rotation member being located in the rotation hole, and the fourth rotation member being fitted with the fourth mounting member. | 3,600 |
341,563 | 16,801,878 | 3,683 | A vehicle ride-sharing support system which supports matching between a user and a vehicle for ride-sharing includes a condition information acquiring unit acquiring desired condition information, from a user terminal apparatus, the desired condition information including a desired location and a desired time slot which are desired by the user, a reservation information acquiring unit acquiring and storing a reservation accepting record indicating a reserved location, a reserved date and a reserved time slot for each of matching reservation requests transmitted from the user terminal apparatus, and a difficulty level calculating unit calculating, on a basis of the stored past reservation accepting record, an index value of an index representing a difficulty level of achievement of the matching for each predetermined time slot including the desired time slot for each of predetermined locations in an area within a predetermined distance range including the desired location. | 1. A vehicle ride-sharing support system which supports matching between a user who desires ride-sharing of a vehicle and a vehicle for ride-sharing, the vehicle ride-sharing support system comprising:
a condition information acquiring unit configured to acquire desired condition information from a user terminal apparatus utilized by the user, the desired condition information including a desired location for riding in a vehicle and a desired time slot for riding in a vehicle, the desired location and the desired time slot being desired by the user regarding a vehicle for ride-sharing; a reservation information acquiring unit configured to acquire and store a reservation accepting record for each matching reservation request, the reservation accepting record being indicative of the following indicated in a matching reservation request: a reserved location for riding in a vehicle; a reserved date for riding in a vehicle; and a reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle, the matching reservation request being transmitted from the user terminal apparatus of the user for requesting reservation of the matching; and a difficulty level calculating unit configured to calculate, on a basis of the stored past reservation accepting record, an index value of an index representing a difficulty level of achievement of the matching for each predetermined time slot including the desired time slot for riding in a vehicle for each of predetermined locations in an area within a predetermined distance range including the desired location for riding in a vehicle. 2. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is a number of persons who make reservations while the predetermined location is set as the reserved location for riding in a vehicle, and the predetermined time slot is set as the reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle, in a past predetermined period. 3. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is an average number of persons who make reservations per day of a number of persons who make reservations while the predetermined location is set as the reserved location for riding in a vehicle, and the predetermined time slot is set as the reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle, in a past predetermined period. 4. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is a proportion of a number of persons who make reservations while the predetermined time slot is set as the reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle to persons who make reservations while the predetermined location is set as the reserved location for riding in a vehicle, in a past predetermined period or at a past predetermined date. 5. A vehicle ride-sharing support system which supports matching between a vehicle for ride-sharing and a user who desires ride-sharing of a vehicle, the vehicle ride-sharing support system comprising:
a condition information acquiring unit configured to acquire desired condition information from a user terminal apparatus utilized by the user, the desired condition information including a desired location for riding in a vehicle and a desired time slot for riding in a vehicle, the desired location and the desired time slot being desired by the user regarding a vehicle for ride-sharing; an achievement information acquiring unit configured to acquire and store a matching achievement record indicating a location where the user rides in a vehicle, a date at which the user rides in a vehicle, and a time slot in which the user rides in a vehicle for each vehicle for ride-sharing for which the matching is achieved; and a difficulty level calculating unit configured to calculate, on a basis of the stored matching achievement record, an index value of an index representing a difficulty level of achievement of the matching for each predetermined time slot including the desired time slot for riding in a vehicle for each of predetermined locations in an area within a predetermined distance range including the desired location for riding in a vehicle. 6. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is a matching achievement probability indicating a proportion of a number of days in which the matching is achieved in the predetermined time slot, at the predetermined location, within a predetermined period, to a number of days in the past predetermined period. 7. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an index value output unit configured to output the calculated index value for each predetermined time slot for each of the predetermined locations to the user terminal apparatus of the user, from which the desired condition information is acquired. 8. A user terminal apparatus which receives the calculated index value from the vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 7, the user terminal apparatus comprising:
an input apparatus configured to accept input from the user; a display apparatus; and a processing apparatus, wherein the processing apparatus displays a map in which display in accordance with the calculated index value or a magnitude of the index value is indicated at a position corresponding to the predetermined location, at the display apparatus in response to one of the predetermined time slots being input from the user. 9. A user terminal apparatus which receives the calculated index value from the vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 7, the user terminal apparatus comprising:
an input apparatus configured to accept input from the user; a display apparatus; and a processing apparatus, wherein the processing apparatus displays a diagram indicating transition of the calculated index value along the predetermined time slots at the predetermined location, at the display apparatus in response to one of the predetermined locations being input from the user. 10. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an index value output unit configured to generate map information in which display in accordance with the index value calculated for each of the predetermined locations or a magnitude of the index value for the one predetermined time slot is displayed at positions on a map respectively corresponding to the predetermined locations, and output the generated map information to the user terminal apparatus of the user, from which the desired condition information is acquired. 11. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an index value output unit configured to generate transition information for generating a diagram indicating transition of the index value calculated for the one predetermined location for each predetermined time slot, and output the transition information to the user terminal apparatus of the user, from which the desired condition information is acquired. | A vehicle ride-sharing support system which supports matching between a user and a vehicle for ride-sharing includes a condition information acquiring unit acquiring desired condition information, from a user terminal apparatus, the desired condition information including a desired location and a desired time slot which are desired by the user, a reservation information acquiring unit acquiring and storing a reservation accepting record indicating a reserved location, a reserved date and a reserved time slot for each of matching reservation requests transmitted from the user terminal apparatus, and a difficulty level calculating unit calculating, on a basis of the stored past reservation accepting record, an index value of an index representing a difficulty level of achievement of the matching for each predetermined time slot including the desired time slot for each of predetermined locations in an area within a predetermined distance range including the desired location.1. A vehicle ride-sharing support system which supports matching between a user who desires ride-sharing of a vehicle and a vehicle for ride-sharing, the vehicle ride-sharing support system comprising:
a condition information acquiring unit configured to acquire desired condition information from a user terminal apparatus utilized by the user, the desired condition information including a desired location for riding in a vehicle and a desired time slot for riding in a vehicle, the desired location and the desired time slot being desired by the user regarding a vehicle for ride-sharing; a reservation information acquiring unit configured to acquire and store a reservation accepting record for each matching reservation request, the reservation accepting record being indicative of the following indicated in a matching reservation request: a reserved location for riding in a vehicle; a reserved date for riding in a vehicle; and a reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle, the matching reservation request being transmitted from the user terminal apparatus of the user for requesting reservation of the matching; and a difficulty level calculating unit configured to calculate, on a basis of the stored past reservation accepting record, an index value of an index representing a difficulty level of achievement of the matching for each predetermined time slot including the desired time slot for riding in a vehicle for each of predetermined locations in an area within a predetermined distance range including the desired location for riding in a vehicle. 2. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is a number of persons who make reservations while the predetermined location is set as the reserved location for riding in a vehicle, and the predetermined time slot is set as the reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle, in a past predetermined period. 3. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is an average number of persons who make reservations per day of a number of persons who make reservations while the predetermined location is set as the reserved location for riding in a vehicle, and the predetermined time slot is set as the reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle, in a past predetermined period. 4. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is a proportion of a number of persons who make reservations while the predetermined time slot is set as the reserved time slot for riding in a vehicle to persons who make reservations while the predetermined location is set as the reserved location for riding in a vehicle, in a past predetermined period or at a past predetermined date. 5. A vehicle ride-sharing support system which supports matching between a vehicle for ride-sharing and a user who desires ride-sharing of a vehicle, the vehicle ride-sharing support system comprising:
a condition information acquiring unit configured to acquire desired condition information from a user terminal apparatus utilized by the user, the desired condition information including a desired location for riding in a vehicle and a desired time slot for riding in a vehicle, the desired location and the desired time slot being desired by the user regarding a vehicle for ride-sharing; an achievement information acquiring unit configured to acquire and store a matching achievement record indicating a location where the user rides in a vehicle, a date at which the user rides in a vehicle, and a time slot in which the user rides in a vehicle for each vehicle for ride-sharing for which the matching is achieved; and a difficulty level calculating unit configured to calculate, on a basis of the stored matching achievement record, an index value of an index representing a difficulty level of achievement of the matching for each predetermined time slot including the desired time slot for riding in a vehicle for each of predetermined locations in an area within a predetermined distance range including the desired location for riding in a vehicle. 6. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1,
wherein the index is a matching achievement probability indicating a proportion of a number of days in which the matching is achieved in the predetermined time slot, at the predetermined location, within a predetermined period, to a number of days in the past predetermined period. 7. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an index value output unit configured to output the calculated index value for each predetermined time slot for each of the predetermined locations to the user terminal apparatus of the user, from which the desired condition information is acquired. 8. A user terminal apparatus which receives the calculated index value from the vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 7, the user terminal apparatus comprising:
an input apparatus configured to accept input from the user; a display apparatus; and a processing apparatus, wherein the processing apparatus displays a map in which display in accordance with the calculated index value or a magnitude of the index value is indicated at a position corresponding to the predetermined location, at the display apparatus in response to one of the predetermined time slots being input from the user. 9. A user terminal apparatus which receives the calculated index value from the vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 7, the user terminal apparatus comprising:
an input apparatus configured to accept input from the user; a display apparatus; and a processing apparatus, wherein the processing apparatus displays a diagram indicating transition of the calculated index value along the predetermined time slots at the predetermined location, at the display apparatus in response to one of the predetermined locations being input from the user. 10. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an index value output unit configured to generate map information in which display in accordance with the index value calculated for each of the predetermined locations or a magnitude of the index value for the one predetermined time slot is displayed at positions on a map respectively corresponding to the predetermined locations, and output the generated map information to the user terminal apparatus of the user, from which the desired condition information is acquired. 11. The vehicle ride-sharing support system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an index value output unit configured to generate transition information for generating a diagram indicating transition of the index value calculated for the one predetermined location for each predetermined time slot, and output the transition information to the user terminal apparatus of the user, from which the desired condition information is acquired. | 3,600 |
341,564 | 16,801,866 | 3,683 | Systems, devices, methods and instructions are described for detecting GAN generated images. On embodiment involves receiving an images, generating co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image, generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze image features of the images based on the generated co-occurrence matrices and determining whether the image is a GAN generated image based on the analysis. | 1. A method comprising:
receiving, using one or more processors, an image; generating, using the one or more processors, co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image; generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze, based on the generated co-occurrence matrices, image features of the image; and determining whether the image is a generative adversarial network (GAN) generated image based on the analysis. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the co-occurrence matrices further comprises:
computing the co-occurrence matrices directly on image pixels of the color channels of the image. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the determination in association with the image. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the convolutional neural network is a multi-layer deep convolutional neural network. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a first dataset comprising unpaired image-to-image translations of objects generated using a cycle-consistent GAN framework. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a second dataset comprising authentic images and GAN generated images. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the neural network is trained on compressed images. 8. A computer system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, configure the computing apparatus to perform operations comprising:
receiving an image;
generating co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image;
generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze, based on the generated co-occurrence matrices, image features of the image; and
determining whether the image is a generative adversarial network (GAN) generated image based on the analysis. 9. The computer system of claim 8, wherein generating the co-occurrence matrices further comprises:
computing the co-occurrence matrices directly on image pixels of the color channels of the image. 10. The computer system of claim 8, further comprising storing the determination in association with the image. 11. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the convolutional neural network is a multi-layer deep convolutional neural network. 12. The c computer system of claim 8, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a first dataset comprising unpaired image-to-image translations of objects generated use a cycle-consistent GAN framework. 13. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a second dataset comprising authentic images and GAN generated images. 14. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the neural network is trained on compressed images. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium including instructions that when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform operations comprising:
receiving an image; generating co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image; generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze image features of the image based on the generated co-occurrence matrices; and determining whether the image is a generative adversarial network (GAN) generated image based on the analysis. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein generating the co-occurrence matrices further comprises:
computing the co-occurrence matrices directly on image pixels of each of the color channels of the image. 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, further comprising storing the determination in association with the image. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the convolutional neural network is a multi-layer deep convolutional neural network. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a first dataset comprising unpaired image-to-image translations of objects generated use a cycle-consistent GAN framework. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a second dataset comprising authentic images and GAN generated images. | Systems, devices, methods and instructions are described for detecting GAN generated images. On embodiment involves receiving an images, generating co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image, generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze image features of the images based on the generated co-occurrence matrices and determining whether the image is a GAN generated image based on the analysis.1. A method comprising:
receiving, using one or more processors, an image; generating, using the one or more processors, co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image; generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze, based on the generated co-occurrence matrices, image features of the image; and determining whether the image is a generative adversarial network (GAN) generated image based on the analysis. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the co-occurrence matrices further comprises:
computing the co-occurrence matrices directly on image pixels of the color channels of the image. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the determination in association with the image. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the convolutional neural network is a multi-layer deep convolutional neural network. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a first dataset comprising unpaired image-to-image translations of objects generated using a cycle-consistent GAN framework. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a second dataset comprising authentic images and GAN generated images. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the neural network is trained on compressed images. 8. A computer system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, configure the computing apparatus to perform operations comprising:
receiving an image;
generating co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image;
generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze, based on the generated co-occurrence matrices, image features of the image; and
determining whether the image is a generative adversarial network (GAN) generated image based on the analysis. 9. The computer system of claim 8, wherein generating the co-occurrence matrices further comprises:
computing the co-occurrence matrices directly on image pixels of the color channels of the image. 10. The computer system of claim 8, further comprising storing the determination in association with the image. 11. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the convolutional neural network is a multi-layer deep convolutional neural network. 12. The c computer system of claim 8, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a first dataset comprising unpaired image-to-image translations of objects generated use a cycle-consistent GAN framework. 13. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a second dataset comprising authentic images and GAN generated images. 14. The computer system of claim 8, wherein the neural network is trained on compressed images. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium including instructions that when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform operations comprising:
receiving an image; generating co-occurrence matrices on color channels of the image; generating analysis of the image by using a convolutional neural network trained to analyze image features of the image based on the generated co-occurrence matrices; and determining whether the image is a generative adversarial network (GAN) generated image based on the analysis. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein generating the co-occurrence matrices further comprises:
computing the co-occurrence matrices directly on image pixels of each of the color channels of the image. 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, further comprising storing the determination in association with the image. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the convolutional neural network is a multi-layer deep convolutional neural network. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a first dataset comprising unpaired image-to-image translations of objects generated use a cycle-consistent GAN framework. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the convolutional neural network is trained on a second dataset comprising authentic images and GAN generated images. | 3,600 |
341,565 | 16,801,876 | 3,683 | An image capturing device according to one embodiment includes a camera unit configured to capture images of a surrounding environment and generate image data, a suction-attachment unit configured to support the camera unit and be fixed on a suction-attachment subject surface by a user, a determination unit configured to determine whether or not the image data can be output to a recording unit, and a controller configured to control output of the image data to the recording unit, based on a determination result by the determination unit. | 1. An image capturing device comprising:
a camera unit configured to capture images of a surrounding environment and generate image data; a suction-attachment unit configured to support the camera unit and be fixed on a suction-attachment subject surface by a user; a determination unit configured to determine whether or not the image data can be output to a recording unit; and a controller configured to control output of the image data to the recording unit, based on a determination result by the determination unit. 2. The image capturing device according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit includes a brightness determination unit configured to determine whether or not brightness of a frame image generated based on the image data satisfies a brightness criterion. 3. The image capturing device according to claim 2, wherein the determination unit includes:
a suction-attachment determination unit configured to determine whether or not a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface satisfies a predetermined suction-attachment condition; and a movement determination unit configured to determine whether or not the camera unit has moved. 4. The image capturing device according to claim 3, wherein the controller starts output of the image data to the recording unit when the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the suction-attachment condition is satisfied, the brightness determination unit determines that the brightness criterion is satisfied, and the movement determination unit determines that the camera unit has moved. 5. The image capturing device according to claim 3, wherein the controller stops output of the image data to the recording unit when the movement determination unit determines that the camera unit does not move. 6. The image capturing device according to claim 3, further comprising a suction-attachment detection unit configured to detect a physical quantity representing a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface,
wherein the suction-attachment unit includes a member that is fixed on the suction-attachment subject surface by being pressed in a suction-attaching direction from an outside, the suction-attachment detection unit detects a load in the suction-attaching direction applied from the outside, and the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the suction-attachment condition is satisfied when a relationship between a magnitude and application duration of a load in the suction-attaching direction detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a predetermined suction-attaching load condition. 7. The image capturing device according to claim 3, further comprising a suction-attachment detection unit configured to detect a physical quantity representing a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface,
wherein the suction-attachment unit includes a member that is fixed on the suction-attachment subject surface by a decompressed sealed space being formed between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface, the suction-attachment detection unit detects a pressure in the sealed space, and the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the suction-attachment condition is satisfied when pressure detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a predetermined suction-attaching pressure condition. 8. The image capturing device according to claim 3, wherein
the suction-attachment determination unit further determines whether or not a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface satisfies a predetermined detachment condition, and the controller stops output of the image data to the recording unit when the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the detachment condition is satisfied. 9. The image capturing device according to claim 6, wherein the controller does not start output of the image data to the recording unit when the brightness determination unit determines that brightness of the frame image does not satisfy a predetermined brightness criterion, even when a relationship between a magnitude and application duration of a load in the suction-attaching direction detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a start condition. 10. The image capturing device according to claim 1, further comprising a suction-attachment detection unit configured to detect a load in a detaching direction applied from an outside,
wherein the controller stops output of the image data to the recording unit when a relationship between a magnitude and application duration of a load in the detaching direction detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a predetermined stop condition. 11. An image capturing method comprising:
a step of, after a camera unit is fixed on a suction-attachment subject surface, capturing images of a surrounding environment with the camera unit and generating image data; a step of determining whether or not the image data can be output to a recording unit; and a step of controlling output of the image data to the recording unit, based on a determination result. | An image capturing device according to one embodiment includes a camera unit configured to capture images of a surrounding environment and generate image data, a suction-attachment unit configured to support the camera unit and be fixed on a suction-attachment subject surface by a user, a determination unit configured to determine whether or not the image data can be output to a recording unit, and a controller configured to control output of the image data to the recording unit, based on a determination result by the determination unit.1. An image capturing device comprising:
a camera unit configured to capture images of a surrounding environment and generate image data; a suction-attachment unit configured to support the camera unit and be fixed on a suction-attachment subject surface by a user; a determination unit configured to determine whether or not the image data can be output to a recording unit; and a controller configured to control output of the image data to the recording unit, based on a determination result by the determination unit. 2. The image capturing device according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit includes a brightness determination unit configured to determine whether or not brightness of a frame image generated based on the image data satisfies a brightness criterion. 3. The image capturing device according to claim 2, wherein the determination unit includes:
a suction-attachment determination unit configured to determine whether or not a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface satisfies a predetermined suction-attachment condition; and a movement determination unit configured to determine whether or not the camera unit has moved. 4. The image capturing device according to claim 3, wherein the controller starts output of the image data to the recording unit when the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the suction-attachment condition is satisfied, the brightness determination unit determines that the brightness criterion is satisfied, and the movement determination unit determines that the camera unit has moved. 5. The image capturing device according to claim 3, wherein the controller stops output of the image data to the recording unit when the movement determination unit determines that the camera unit does not move. 6. The image capturing device according to claim 3, further comprising a suction-attachment detection unit configured to detect a physical quantity representing a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface,
wherein the suction-attachment unit includes a member that is fixed on the suction-attachment subject surface by being pressed in a suction-attaching direction from an outside, the suction-attachment detection unit detects a load in the suction-attaching direction applied from the outside, and the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the suction-attachment condition is satisfied when a relationship between a magnitude and application duration of a load in the suction-attaching direction detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a predetermined suction-attaching load condition. 7. The image capturing device according to claim 3, further comprising a suction-attachment detection unit configured to detect a physical quantity representing a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface,
wherein the suction-attachment unit includes a member that is fixed on the suction-attachment subject surface by a decompressed sealed space being formed between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface, the suction-attachment detection unit detects a pressure in the sealed space, and the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the suction-attachment condition is satisfied when pressure detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a predetermined suction-attaching pressure condition. 8. The image capturing device according to claim 3, wherein
the suction-attachment determination unit further determines whether or not a relationship between the suction-attachment unit and the suction-attachment subject surface satisfies a predetermined detachment condition, and the controller stops output of the image data to the recording unit when the suction-attachment determination unit determines that the detachment condition is satisfied. 9. The image capturing device according to claim 6, wherein the controller does not start output of the image data to the recording unit when the brightness determination unit determines that brightness of the frame image does not satisfy a predetermined brightness criterion, even when a relationship between a magnitude and application duration of a load in the suction-attaching direction detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a start condition. 10. The image capturing device according to claim 1, further comprising a suction-attachment detection unit configured to detect a load in a detaching direction applied from an outside,
wherein the controller stops output of the image data to the recording unit when a relationship between a magnitude and application duration of a load in the detaching direction detected by the suction-attachment detection unit satisfies a predetermined stop condition. 11. An image capturing method comprising:
a step of, after a camera unit is fixed on a suction-attachment subject surface, capturing images of a surrounding environment with the camera unit and generating image data; a step of determining whether or not the image data can be output to a recording unit; and a step of controlling output of the image data to the recording unit, based on a determination result. | 3,600 |
341,566 | 16,801,918 | 3,683 | A Boron neutron cancer treatment system has a secondary moderator having a central treatment chamber, and several generators, each comprising a pre-moderator block, an acceleration chamber, a vacuum pump engaging the acceleration chamber at a right angle, a plasma ion chamber opening into the acceleration chamber, a gas source providing deuterium gas to the plasma ion chamber, a microwave energy source ionizing the gas in the plasma ion chamber, a cylindrical primary isolation well extending into the pre-moderator block, a secondary isolation well surrounding the primary isolation well, and a water-cooled titanium target disk at a lower extremity of the isolation well. The neutron generators are positioned around the secondary moderator with the axis of each acceleration chamber passing through the center of the treatment chamber, and with the angled sides of the neutron generators fully adjacent. | 1. A Boron neutron cancer treatment system, comprising:
a secondary moderator having a central treatment chamber for a subject; and a plurality of substantially identical neutron generators, each comprising a pre-moderator block of moderating material having an upper surface, a lower surface, a first and a second end, opposite side surfaces angled inward along at least a portion of the height, a first length, a first width substantially less than the first length, and a first thickness, a cylindrical acceleration chamber having a first diameter substantially the first width of the pre-moderator block, sealed at one end to the upper surface of the pre-moderator block adjacent the first end of the pre-moderator block, with a vertical axis perpendicular to the upper surface, the acceleration chamber having a height and a top cover at a second end away from the pre-moderator block, a vacuum pump engaging the acceleration chamber at a right angle to the vertical axis, evacuating the acceleration chamber to a moderately high vacuum, a plasma ion chamber opening into the acceleration chamber through an ion extraction iris through the top cover of the acceleration chamber on the vertical axis of the acceleration chamber, a gas source providing deuterium gas to the plasma ion chamber, a microwave energy source ionizing the gas in the plasma ion chamber, a cylindrical primary isolation well extending a substantial distance into the pre-moderator block from the upper surface, centered on the vertical axis of the acceleration chamber, a secondary isolation well substantially in a shape of a hollow cylinder surrounding the primary isolation well, to a depth somewhat less than the substantial distance of the primary isolation well, within the first diameter of the acceleration chamber, a water-cooled titanium target disk having a target surface orthogonal to the axis of the acceleration chamber, the target disk having a diameter substantially smaller then a diameter of the isolation well, positioned at a lower extremity of the isolation well, the target disk biased to a substantial negative DC voltage, and electrically grounded metal cladding covering all otherwise exposed surfaces of the pre-moderator block; wherein the plurality of neutron generators are positioned around the secondary moderator with the axis of each acceleration chamber passing through the center of the treatment chamber, and with the angled sides of the neutron generators fully adjacent. 2. The system of claim 1 further comprising spacing blocks of moderator material, one spacer block placed between each adjacent neutron generator with sides of the spacer blocks fully adjacent with the angled sides of the neutron generators. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the secondary moderator is shaped to fill all volume between the neutron generators and the central treatment chamber. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the secondary moderator is a block or blocks of solid moderator material. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein the secondary moderator is a container filled with heavy water. 6. The system of claim 2 wherein the secondary moderator is a container filled with granulated moderator material. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of generators equals six. | A Boron neutron cancer treatment system has a secondary moderator having a central treatment chamber, and several generators, each comprising a pre-moderator block, an acceleration chamber, a vacuum pump engaging the acceleration chamber at a right angle, a plasma ion chamber opening into the acceleration chamber, a gas source providing deuterium gas to the plasma ion chamber, a microwave energy source ionizing the gas in the plasma ion chamber, a cylindrical primary isolation well extending into the pre-moderator block, a secondary isolation well surrounding the primary isolation well, and a water-cooled titanium target disk at a lower extremity of the isolation well. The neutron generators are positioned around the secondary moderator with the axis of each acceleration chamber passing through the center of the treatment chamber, and with the angled sides of the neutron generators fully adjacent.1. A Boron neutron cancer treatment system, comprising:
a secondary moderator having a central treatment chamber for a subject; and a plurality of substantially identical neutron generators, each comprising a pre-moderator block of moderating material having an upper surface, a lower surface, a first and a second end, opposite side surfaces angled inward along at least a portion of the height, a first length, a first width substantially less than the first length, and a first thickness, a cylindrical acceleration chamber having a first diameter substantially the first width of the pre-moderator block, sealed at one end to the upper surface of the pre-moderator block adjacent the first end of the pre-moderator block, with a vertical axis perpendicular to the upper surface, the acceleration chamber having a height and a top cover at a second end away from the pre-moderator block, a vacuum pump engaging the acceleration chamber at a right angle to the vertical axis, evacuating the acceleration chamber to a moderately high vacuum, a plasma ion chamber opening into the acceleration chamber through an ion extraction iris through the top cover of the acceleration chamber on the vertical axis of the acceleration chamber, a gas source providing deuterium gas to the plasma ion chamber, a microwave energy source ionizing the gas in the plasma ion chamber, a cylindrical primary isolation well extending a substantial distance into the pre-moderator block from the upper surface, centered on the vertical axis of the acceleration chamber, a secondary isolation well substantially in a shape of a hollow cylinder surrounding the primary isolation well, to a depth somewhat less than the substantial distance of the primary isolation well, within the first diameter of the acceleration chamber, a water-cooled titanium target disk having a target surface orthogonal to the axis of the acceleration chamber, the target disk having a diameter substantially smaller then a diameter of the isolation well, positioned at a lower extremity of the isolation well, the target disk biased to a substantial negative DC voltage, and electrically grounded metal cladding covering all otherwise exposed surfaces of the pre-moderator block; wherein the plurality of neutron generators are positioned around the secondary moderator with the axis of each acceleration chamber passing through the center of the treatment chamber, and with the angled sides of the neutron generators fully adjacent. 2. The system of claim 1 further comprising spacing blocks of moderator material, one spacer block placed between each adjacent neutron generator with sides of the spacer blocks fully adjacent with the angled sides of the neutron generators. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the secondary moderator is shaped to fill all volume between the neutron generators and the central treatment chamber. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the secondary moderator is a block or blocks of solid moderator material. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein the secondary moderator is a container filled with heavy water. 6. The system of claim 2 wherein the secondary moderator is a container filled with granulated moderator material. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the plurality of generators equals six. | 3,600 |
341,567 | 16,801,870 | 3,683 | An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes at least one wireless communication circuit, a processor operatively connected with the at least one wireless communication circuit, and a memory operatively connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to detect an event related to transmission of identification information through the at least one wireless communication circuit, in response to the detection of the event, perform a first authentication procedure for obtaining access right to the identification information, relay a second authentication procedure between an external electronic device and a server through the at least one wireless communication circuit, and receive the identification information that is stored in the external electronic device from the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit. | 1. An electronic device comprising:
at least one wireless communication circuit; a processor operatively connected with the at least one wireless communication circuit; and a memory operatively connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
detect an event related to transmission of identification information through the at least one wireless communication circuit;
in response to the detection of the event, perform a first authentication procedure for obtaining an access right to the identification information;
relay a second authentication procedure between an external electronic device and a server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and
receive the identification information that is stored in the external electronic device from the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit. 2. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one wireless communication circuit is configured to support short-range wireless communication, and wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
determine whether the external electronic device is located within a specified distance from the electronic device based on the short-range wireless communication, and
detect the event based on the external electronic device being located within the specified distance from the electronic device. 3. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
receive a user input at least one of a personal information number (PIN) or biometric information; and obtain the access right to the identification information based on at least one of the PIN or the biometric information. 4. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:
a secure element configured to store the identification information, and wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
establish a first secure channel between the memory and the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit;
transmit at least one of first key information or authentication information to the server;
request the server to establish a second secure channel for transmitting the identification information through the first secure channel;
transmit an identifier of the secure element to the server;
establish the second secure channel between the secure element and the server based on at least one of the first key information, the authentication information, or the identifier of the secure element; and
receive the identification information from the server through the second secure channel. 5. The electronic device of claim 4,
wherein the first secure channel includes a transport layer security (TLS) channel configured to deliver encrypted data in a transport layer, and wherein the second secure channel is based on a secure channel protocol of a global platform (GP). 6. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
generate second key information for encrypting the identification information; transmit the second key information to the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and obtain a digital signature based on the second key information from the server. 7. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
transmit a message requesting deletion of the identification information stored in the external electronic device to the server or the external electronic device through the at least one wireless communication circuit. 8. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:
a display, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
display, through the display, a graphical user interface (GUI) including the identification information. 9. An electronic device comprising:
at least one wireless communication circuit; a secure element configured to store identification information; a processor operatively connected with the at least one wireless communication circuit; and a memory operatively connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
detect an event related to transmission of the identification information through the at least one wireless communication circuit;
in response to the detection of the event, perform an authentication procedure with a server through an external electronic device;
transmit the identification information to the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and
delete the identification information stored in the secure element. 10. The electronic device of claim 9,
wherein the at least one wireless communication circuit is configured to support short-range wireless communication, and wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
perform user authentication to move the identification information before the detection of the event. 11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
while performing the user authentication, generate key information or receive a user input of biometric information, and transmit at least one of the key information or the biometric information to the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit. 12. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
connect to the external electronic device through the at least one wireless communication circuit, and perform the authentication procedure with the server through a long-range wireless communication supported by the external electronic device. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
perform the authentication procedure based on an Extended Access Control (EAC) protocol defined by British Standards Institute (BSI) in a Technical Report (TR)-03110 Standard Specification. 14. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
receive a message requesting deletion of the identification information stored in the secure element from the external electronic device or the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and in response to the reception of the message, delete the identification information. 15. A method of an electronic device, the method comprising:
detecting an event related to transmission of identification information; in response to the detection of the event, performing a first authentication procedure for obtaining an access right to the identification information; relaying a second authentication procedure between an external electronic device and a server; and receiving the identification information stored in the external electronic device from the server. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the detecting of the event includes:
determining whether the external electronic device is located within a specified distance from the electronic device based on short-range wireless communication; and detecting the event when the external electronic device is located within the specified distance from the electronic device. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the performing of the first authentication procedure includes:
receiving a user input at least one of a personal information number (PIN) or biometric information; and obtaining the access right to the identification information based on at least one of the PIN or the biometric information. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
establishing a first secure channel with the server; transmitting at least one of first key information or authentication information to the server; requesting the server to establish a second secure channel for transmitting the identification information through the first secure channel; transmitting an identifier of a secure element to the server; and establishing the second secure channel with the server based on at least one of the first key information, the authentication information, and the identifier of the secure element, wherein the receiving of the identification information from the server includes receiving the identification information through the second secure channel. 19. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
in response to the reception of the identification information, generating second key information for encrypting the identification information; transmitting the second key information to the server; and obtaining a digital signature based on the second key information from the server. 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
transmitting a message requesting deletion of the identification information stored in the external electronic device to the server or the external electronic device. | An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes at least one wireless communication circuit, a processor operatively connected with the at least one wireless communication circuit, and a memory operatively connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to detect an event related to transmission of identification information through the at least one wireless communication circuit, in response to the detection of the event, perform a first authentication procedure for obtaining access right to the identification information, relay a second authentication procedure between an external electronic device and a server through the at least one wireless communication circuit, and receive the identification information that is stored in the external electronic device from the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit.1. An electronic device comprising:
at least one wireless communication circuit; a processor operatively connected with the at least one wireless communication circuit; and a memory operatively connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
detect an event related to transmission of identification information through the at least one wireless communication circuit;
in response to the detection of the event, perform a first authentication procedure for obtaining an access right to the identification information;
relay a second authentication procedure between an external electronic device and a server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and
receive the identification information that is stored in the external electronic device from the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit. 2. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one wireless communication circuit is configured to support short-range wireless communication, and wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
determine whether the external electronic device is located within a specified distance from the electronic device based on the short-range wireless communication, and
detect the event based on the external electronic device being located within the specified distance from the electronic device. 3. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
receive a user input at least one of a personal information number (PIN) or biometric information; and obtain the access right to the identification information based on at least one of the PIN or the biometric information. 4. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:
a secure element configured to store the identification information, and wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
establish a first secure channel between the memory and the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit;
transmit at least one of first key information or authentication information to the server;
request the server to establish a second secure channel for transmitting the identification information through the first secure channel;
transmit an identifier of the secure element to the server;
establish the second secure channel between the secure element and the server based on at least one of the first key information, the authentication information, or the identifier of the secure element; and
receive the identification information from the server through the second secure channel. 5. The electronic device of claim 4,
wherein the first secure channel includes a transport layer security (TLS) channel configured to deliver encrypted data in a transport layer, and wherein the second secure channel is based on a secure channel protocol of a global platform (GP). 6. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
generate second key information for encrypting the identification information; transmit the second key information to the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and obtain a digital signature based on the second key information from the server. 7. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
transmit a message requesting deletion of the identification information stored in the external electronic device to the server or the external electronic device through the at least one wireless communication circuit. 8. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:
a display, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
display, through the display, a graphical user interface (GUI) including the identification information. 9. An electronic device comprising:
at least one wireless communication circuit; a secure element configured to store identification information; a processor operatively connected with the at least one wireless communication circuit; and a memory operatively connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
detect an event related to transmission of the identification information through the at least one wireless communication circuit;
in response to the detection of the event, perform an authentication procedure with a server through an external electronic device;
transmit the identification information to the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and
delete the identification information stored in the secure element. 10. The electronic device of claim 9,
wherein the at least one wireless communication circuit is configured to support short-range wireless communication, and wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
perform user authentication to move the identification information before the detection of the event. 11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
while performing the user authentication, generate key information or receive a user input of biometric information, and transmit at least one of the key information or the biometric information to the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit. 12. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
connect to the external electronic device through the at least one wireless communication circuit, and perform the authentication procedure with the server through a long-range wireless communication supported by the external electronic device. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
perform the authentication procedure based on an Extended Access Control (EAC) protocol defined by British Standards Institute (BSI) in a Technical Report (TR)-03110 Standard Specification. 14. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
receive a message requesting deletion of the identification information stored in the secure element from the external electronic device or the server through the at least one wireless communication circuit; and in response to the reception of the message, delete the identification information. 15. A method of an electronic device, the method comprising:
detecting an event related to transmission of identification information; in response to the detection of the event, performing a first authentication procedure for obtaining an access right to the identification information; relaying a second authentication procedure between an external electronic device and a server; and receiving the identification information stored in the external electronic device from the server. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the detecting of the event includes:
determining whether the external electronic device is located within a specified distance from the electronic device based on short-range wireless communication; and detecting the event when the external electronic device is located within the specified distance from the electronic device. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the performing of the first authentication procedure includes:
receiving a user input at least one of a personal information number (PIN) or biometric information; and obtaining the access right to the identification information based on at least one of the PIN or the biometric information. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
establishing a first secure channel with the server; transmitting at least one of first key information or authentication information to the server; requesting the server to establish a second secure channel for transmitting the identification information through the first secure channel; transmitting an identifier of a secure element to the server; and establishing the second secure channel with the server based on at least one of the first key information, the authentication information, and the identifier of the secure element, wherein the receiving of the identification information from the server includes receiving the identification information through the second secure channel. 19. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
in response to the reception of the identification information, generating second key information for encrypting the identification information; transmitting the second key information to the server; and obtaining a digital signature based on the second key information from the server. 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
transmitting a message requesting deletion of the identification information stored in the external electronic device to the server or the external electronic device. | 3,600 |
341,568 | 16,801,826 | 3,683 | A variable-frequency light source is configured to emit a light beam and modulate a frequency of the light beam. A fiber optic cable is attached to the variable frequency light source. The fiber optic cable is configured to receive the light beam at an inlet and pass the light beam to an exit. Multiple optical detectors are attached to the fiber optic cable. Each of the optical detectors is configured to detect a specified frequency of light that is backscattered through the fiber optic cable. An actuation mechanism is attached to the fiber optic cable. The actuation mechanism is configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to a stimulus. | 1. A sub-surface detection device comprising:
a fiber optic cable configured to receive a light beam at an inlet and pass the light beam to an exit, wherein a frequency of the light beam is modulatable; a plurality of optical detectors attached to the fiber optic cable, each of the optical detectors configured to detect a specified frequency of light that is backscattered through the fiber optic cable; and an actuation mechanism attached to the fiber optic cable, the actuation mechanism configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to a stimulus. 2. The sub-surface detection device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of optical detectors is configured to detect a different frequency of light. 3. The sub-surface detection device of claim 1, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises:
an antenna configured to detect changes in an electromagnetic field; and an electromechanical transducer that is connected to the antenna, the electromechanical transducer configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to detecting changes in the electromagnetic field. 4. The sub-surface detection device of claim 3, wherein the electromechanical transducer comprises a piezoelectric element. 5. The subsurface detection device of claim 3, further comprising:
a filtering circuit configured to filter out noise detected by the antenna; an amplifier configured to amplify the filtered signal; and an energy storage device configured to supply power to at least one of the amplifier or the filtering circuit. 6. The subsurface detection device of claim 5, wherein the energy storage device comprises a battery or capacitor. 7. The subsurface detection device of claim 1, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises:
a hydrophilic gel configured to expand in the presence of moisture; and a diaphragm connected to the hydrophilic gel and the fiber optic cable, wherein an expansion in the hydrophilic gel induces the diaphragm to deform the fiber optic cable. 8. The subsurface detection device of claim 1, further comprising:
an energy harvesting device configured to harvest energy from an ambient environment; and an energy storage device configured to store the harvested energy. 9. The subsurface detection device of claim 6, wherein the energy harvesting device comprises:
an antenna configured to harvest electromagnetic energy within the borehole; a rectification circuit coupled to the antenna, the rectification circuit configured to condition the harvested energy for storage; and an energy storage device coupled to the rectification circuit, the energy storage device configured to store the harvested energy. 10. The subsurface detection device of claim 6, wherein the energy harvesting device comprises:
a piezoelectric device configured to harvest mechanical energy within the borehole; a rectification circuit coupled to the piezoelectric device, the rectification circuit configured to condition the harvested energy for storage; and an energy storage device coupled to the rectification circuit, the energy storage device configured to store the harvested energy. | A variable-frequency light source is configured to emit a light beam and modulate a frequency of the light beam. A fiber optic cable is attached to the variable frequency light source. The fiber optic cable is configured to receive the light beam at an inlet and pass the light beam to an exit. Multiple optical detectors are attached to the fiber optic cable. Each of the optical detectors is configured to detect a specified frequency of light that is backscattered through the fiber optic cable. An actuation mechanism is attached to the fiber optic cable. The actuation mechanism is configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to a stimulus.1. A sub-surface detection device comprising:
a fiber optic cable configured to receive a light beam at an inlet and pass the light beam to an exit, wherein a frequency of the light beam is modulatable; a plurality of optical detectors attached to the fiber optic cable, each of the optical detectors configured to detect a specified frequency of light that is backscattered through the fiber optic cable; and an actuation mechanism attached to the fiber optic cable, the actuation mechanism configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to a stimulus. 2. The sub-surface detection device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of optical detectors is configured to detect a different frequency of light. 3. The sub-surface detection device of claim 1, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises:
an antenna configured to detect changes in an electromagnetic field; and an electromechanical transducer that is connected to the antenna, the electromechanical transducer configured to deform the fiber optic cable in response to detecting changes in the electromagnetic field. 4. The sub-surface detection device of claim 3, wherein the electromechanical transducer comprises a piezoelectric element. 5. The subsurface detection device of claim 3, further comprising:
a filtering circuit configured to filter out noise detected by the antenna; an amplifier configured to amplify the filtered signal; and an energy storage device configured to supply power to at least one of the amplifier or the filtering circuit. 6. The subsurface detection device of claim 5, wherein the energy storage device comprises a battery or capacitor. 7. The subsurface detection device of claim 1, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises:
a hydrophilic gel configured to expand in the presence of moisture; and a diaphragm connected to the hydrophilic gel and the fiber optic cable, wherein an expansion in the hydrophilic gel induces the diaphragm to deform the fiber optic cable. 8. The subsurface detection device of claim 1, further comprising:
an energy harvesting device configured to harvest energy from an ambient environment; and an energy storage device configured to store the harvested energy. 9. The subsurface detection device of claim 6, wherein the energy harvesting device comprises:
an antenna configured to harvest electromagnetic energy within the borehole; a rectification circuit coupled to the antenna, the rectification circuit configured to condition the harvested energy for storage; and an energy storage device coupled to the rectification circuit, the energy storage device configured to store the harvested energy. 10. The subsurface detection device of claim 6, wherein the energy harvesting device comprises:
a piezoelectric device configured to harvest mechanical energy within the borehole; a rectification circuit coupled to the piezoelectric device, the rectification circuit configured to condition the harvested energy for storage; and an energy storage device coupled to the rectification circuit, the energy storage device configured to store the harvested energy. | 3,600 |
341,569 | 16,801,912 | 3,683 | A vehicle travel control device executes trajectory following control to make the vehicle follow a target trajectory. A delay time represents control delay of the trajectory following control. A delay compensation time is at least a part of the delay time. The trajectory following control includes: displacement estimation processing that estimates a displacement of the vehicle in the delay compensation time; and delay compensation processing that corrects a deviation between the vehicle and the target trajectory based on the estimated displacement to compensate the control delay. The displacement estimation processing is effective in an effective period and ineffective in an ineffective period. When the ineffective period is included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the displacement estimation processing is executed in a temporary mode by using sensor-detected information in the effective period without using the sensor-detected information in the ineffective period. | 1. A vehicle travel control device that controls travel of a vehicle, comprising:
a sensor configured to detect a travel state of the vehicle; and a control device configured to execute trajectory following control that generates a target trajectory and controls travel of the vehicle such that the vehicle follows the target trajectory, wherein a delay time is a time representing control delay of the trajectory following control, a delay compensation time is at least a part of the delay time, the trajectory following control comprises:
information acquisition processing that acquires sensor-detected information indicating a result of detection by the sensor;
displacement estimation processing that estimates a displacement of the vehicle in the delay compensation time based on the sensor-detected information;
delay compensation processing that corrects a deviation between the vehicle and the target trajectory based on the estimated displacement to compensate the control delay; and
travel control processing that controls the travel of the vehicle such that the deviation decreases after the delay compensation processing,
the control device is further configured to determine an effective period in which the displacement estimation processing is effective and an ineffective period in which the displacement estimation processing is ineffective, based on at least one of a state of the sensor and the sensor-detected information, when the ineffective period is included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the control device executes the displacement estimation processing in a temporary mode, and in the temporary mode, the control device executes the displacement estimation processing by using at least the sensor-detected information in the effective period without using the sensor-detected information in the ineffective period. 2. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 1, wherein
when both the effective period and the ineffective period are included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the control device sets the effective period included in the delay time as the delay compensation time used in the temporary mode. 3. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 1, wherein
in the temporary mode, the control device is configured to:
estimate the travel state in the ineffective period based on the sensor-detected information in the effective period to acquire estimated travel state information indicating the estimated travel state;
set the delay time as the delay compensation time; and
execute the displacement estimation processing by using the sensor-detected information in the effective period and the estimated travel state information in the ineffective period. 4. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 2, wherein
when a length of the effective period included in the delay time of the trajectory following control is less than a threshold, the control device is configured to:
estimate the travel state in the ineffective period based on the sensor-detected information in the effective period to acquire estimated travel state information indicating the estimated travel state;
set the delay time as the delay compensation time; and
execute the displacement estimation processing by using the sensor-detected information in the effective period and the estimated travel state information in the ineffective period. 5. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 1, wherein
when the ineffective period is not included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the control device executes the displacement estimation processing in a normal mode, in the normal mode, the control device sets the delay time as the delay compensation time and executes the displacement estimation processing by using the sensor-detected information in the delay time, and the control device switches a mode of the displacement estimation processing between the normal mode and the temporary mode according to whether or not the ineffective period is included in the delay time of the trajectory following control. 6. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 5, wherein
in the travel control processing, the control device calculates a target turning angle based on the deviation between the vehicle and the target trajectory and executes feedback control such that an actual turning angle follows the target turning angle, and when the displacement estimation processing is executed in the temporary mode, the control device decreases a control gain used for calculating the target turning angle from the deviation as compared with a case where the displacement estimation processing is executed in the normal mode. | A vehicle travel control device executes trajectory following control to make the vehicle follow a target trajectory. A delay time represents control delay of the trajectory following control. A delay compensation time is at least a part of the delay time. The trajectory following control includes: displacement estimation processing that estimates a displacement of the vehicle in the delay compensation time; and delay compensation processing that corrects a deviation between the vehicle and the target trajectory based on the estimated displacement to compensate the control delay. The displacement estimation processing is effective in an effective period and ineffective in an ineffective period. When the ineffective period is included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the displacement estimation processing is executed in a temporary mode by using sensor-detected information in the effective period without using the sensor-detected information in the ineffective period.1. A vehicle travel control device that controls travel of a vehicle, comprising:
a sensor configured to detect a travel state of the vehicle; and a control device configured to execute trajectory following control that generates a target trajectory and controls travel of the vehicle such that the vehicle follows the target trajectory, wherein a delay time is a time representing control delay of the trajectory following control, a delay compensation time is at least a part of the delay time, the trajectory following control comprises:
information acquisition processing that acquires sensor-detected information indicating a result of detection by the sensor;
displacement estimation processing that estimates a displacement of the vehicle in the delay compensation time based on the sensor-detected information;
delay compensation processing that corrects a deviation between the vehicle and the target trajectory based on the estimated displacement to compensate the control delay; and
travel control processing that controls the travel of the vehicle such that the deviation decreases after the delay compensation processing,
the control device is further configured to determine an effective period in which the displacement estimation processing is effective and an ineffective period in which the displacement estimation processing is ineffective, based on at least one of a state of the sensor and the sensor-detected information, when the ineffective period is included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the control device executes the displacement estimation processing in a temporary mode, and in the temporary mode, the control device executes the displacement estimation processing by using at least the sensor-detected information in the effective period without using the sensor-detected information in the ineffective period. 2. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 1, wherein
when both the effective period and the ineffective period are included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the control device sets the effective period included in the delay time as the delay compensation time used in the temporary mode. 3. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 1, wherein
in the temporary mode, the control device is configured to:
estimate the travel state in the ineffective period based on the sensor-detected information in the effective period to acquire estimated travel state information indicating the estimated travel state;
set the delay time as the delay compensation time; and
execute the displacement estimation processing by using the sensor-detected information in the effective period and the estimated travel state information in the ineffective period. 4. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 2, wherein
when a length of the effective period included in the delay time of the trajectory following control is less than a threshold, the control device is configured to:
estimate the travel state in the ineffective period based on the sensor-detected information in the effective period to acquire estimated travel state information indicating the estimated travel state;
set the delay time as the delay compensation time; and
execute the displacement estimation processing by using the sensor-detected information in the effective period and the estimated travel state information in the ineffective period. 5. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 1, wherein
when the ineffective period is not included in the delay time of the trajectory following control, the control device executes the displacement estimation processing in a normal mode, in the normal mode, the control device sets the delay time as the delay compensation time and executes the displacement estimation processing by using the sensor-detected information in the delay time, and the control device switches a mode of the displacement estimation processing between the normal mode and the temporary mode according to whether or not the ineffective period is included in the delay time of the trajectory following control. 6. The vehicle travel control device according to claim 5, wherein
in the travel control processing, the control device calculates a target turning angle based on the deviation between the vehicle and the target trajectory and executes feedback control such that an actual turning angle follows the target turning angle, and when the displacement estimation processing is executed in the temporary mode, the control device decreases a control gain used for calculating the target turning angle from the deviation as compared with a case where the displacement estimation processing is executed in the normal mode. | 3,600 |
341,570 | 16,801,920 | 3,683 | A shield assembly is employed for a friction brake used to decelerate a road wheel of a vehicle. The vehicle has a body with a first body end configured to face an incident ambient airflow, a second body end opposite of the first body end, and an underbody section spanning a distance between the first and second ends. The shield assembly includes a first shield component arranged proximate the brake and rotationally fixed relative to the vehicle body. The shield assembly also includes a second shield component operatively connected to the first shield component for shifting relative thereto. The shield assembly additionally includes an actuator employing a shape memory alloy element to shift the second shield component relative to the first shield component in response to a temperature of the brake to thereby direct at least a portion of the airflow to the brake and control temperature thereof. | 1. An articulated shield assembly for a friction brake configured to decelerate a road wheel of a vehicle having a vehicle body with a first vehicle body end configured to face an incident ambient airflow, a second vehicle body end opposite of the first vehicle body end, and a vehicle underbody section configured to span a distance between the first and second vehicle body ends, the shield assembly comprising:
a first shield component arranged proximate the friction brake and rotationally fixed relative to the vehicle body; a second shield component operatively connected to the first shield component and configured to shift relative to the first shield component; and an actuator employing a shape memory alloy (SMA) element to shift the second shield component relative to the first shield component in response to a temperature of the friction brake to thereby direct at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake and control temperature thereof; wherein:
the first shield component defines a first opening for the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow; and
the second shield component is configured to rotate relative to the first shield component to thereby selectively block and unblock the first opening. 2. The shield assembly according to claim 1, wherein the actuator includes a bias spring generating a bias force configured to counter a force generated by the SMA element and retract the second shield component below a preset temperature of the friction brake. 3. The shield assembly according to claim 2, wherein the actuator additionally includes an actuator housing configured to retain the SMA element and the bias spring therein. 4. The shield assembly according to claim 3, wherein the SMA element is configured as a wire, and wherein the bias spring is configured to counter one of expansion and contraction of the wire. 5. The shield assembly according to claim 4, wherein:
the actuator includes a first pulley and a second pulley, each retained within the actuator housing; and the wire extends around each of the first and second pulleys, such that each of the first and second pulleys is configured to change a directional path of the wire. 6. The shield assembly according to claim 3, wherein the first shield component defines one of a pocket and an aperture configured to accept and accommodate outer dimensions of the actuator housing therein, such that the SMA element responds to the temperature of the friction brake. 7. The shield assembly according to claim 3, wherein:
the SMA element is configured as a plurality of wire coils; the plurality of wire coils is arranged in series with the bias spring; and the plurality of wire coils and the bias spring are separated by a divider. 8. The shield assembly according to claim 7, wherein each of the force generated by the plurality of wire coils and the bias force is transmitted through the divider. 9. The shield assembly according to claim 1, wherein:
the second shield component defines a second opening; and the second opening is configured to admit the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake when the second opening coincides with the first opening. 10. The shield assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first and second shield components are configured to selectively shield the friction brake from road borne contaminants and/or debris when the first opening is blocked and generate a path for the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to cool the friction brake when the first opening is unblocked. 11. A vehicle comprising:
a vehicle body including a first vehicle body end configured to face an incident ambient airflow, a second vehicle body end opposite of the first vehicle body end, and a vehicle underbody section configured to span a distance between the first and second vehicle body ends; a road wheel operatively connected to the vehicle body; a friction brake configured to retard rotation of the road wheel and thereby decelerate the vehicle; and an articulated shield assembly comprising:
a first shield component arranged proximate the friction brake and rotationally fixed relative to the vehicle body;
a second shield component operatively connected to the first shield component and configured to shift relative to the first shield component; and
an actuator employing a shape memory alloy (SMA) element to shift the second shield component relative to the first shield component in response to a temperature of the friction brake to thereby direct at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake and control temperature thereof. 12. The vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the actuator includes a bias spring generating a bias force configured to counter a force generated by the SMA element and retract the second shield component below a preset temperature of the friction brake. 13. The vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the actuator additionally includes an actuator housing configured to retain the SMA element and the bias spring therein. 14. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the SMA element is configured as a wire, and wherein the bias spring is configured to counter one of expansion and contraction of the wire. 15. The vehicle according to claim 14, wherein:
the actuator includes a first pulley and a second pulley, each retained within the actuator housing; and the wire extends around each of the first and second pulleys, such that each of the first and second pulleys is configured to change a directional path of the wire. 16. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the first shield component defines one of a pocket and an aperture configured to accept and accommodate outer dimensions of the actuator housing therein, such that the SMA element responds to the temperature of the friction brake. 17. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein:
the SMA element is configured as a plurality of wire coils; the plurality of wire coils is arranged in series with the bias spring; and the plurality of wire coils and the bias spring are separated by a divider. 18. The vehicle according to claim 17, wherein each of the force generated by the plurality of wire coils and the bias force is transmitted through the divider. 19. The vehicle according to claim 11, wherein:
the second shield component defines a second opening; and the second opening is configured to admit the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake when the second opening coincides with the first opening. 20. The vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the first and second shield components are configured to selectively shield the friction brake from road borne contaminants and/or debris when the first opening is blocked and generate a path for the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to cool the friction brake when the first opening is unblocked. | A shield assembly is employed for a friction brake used to decelerate a road wheel of a vehicle. The vehicle has a body with a first body end configured to face an incident ambient airflow, a second body end opposite of the first body end, and an underbody section spanning a distance between the first and second ends. The shield assembly includes a first shield component arranged proximate the brake and rotationally fixed relative to the vehicle body. The shield assembly also includes a second shield component operatively connected to the first shield component for shifting relative thereto. The shield assembly additionally includes an actuator employing a shape memory alloy element to shift the second shield component relative to the first shield component in response to a temperature of the brake to thereby direct at least a portion of the airflow to the brake and control temperature thereof.1. An articulated shield assembly for a friction brake configured to decelerate a road wheel of a vehicle having a vehicle body with a first vehicle body end configured to face an incident ambient airflow, a second vehicle body end opposite of the first vehicle body end, and a vehicle underbody section configured to span a distance between the first and second vehicle body ends, the shield assembly comprising:
a first shield component arranged proximate the friction brake and rotationally fixed relative to the vehicle body; a second shield component operatively connected to the first shield component and configured to shift relative to the first shield component; and an actuator employing a shape memory alloy (SMA) element to shift the second shield component relative to the first shield component in response to a temperature of the friction brake to thereby direct at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake and control temperature thereof; wherein:
the first shield component defines a first opening for the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow; and
the second shield component is configured to rotate relative to the first shield component to thereby selectively block and unblock the first opening. 2. The shield assembly according to claim 1, wherein the actuator includes a bias spring generating a bias force configured to counter a force generated by the SMA element and retract the second shield component below a preset temperature of the friction brake. 3. The shield assembly according to claim 2, wherein the actuator additionally includes an actuator housing configured to retain the SMA element and the bias spring therein. 4. The shield assembly according to claim 3, wherein the SMA element is configured as a wire, and wherein the bias spring is configured to counter one of expansion and contraction of the wire. 5. The shield assembly according to claim 4, wherein:
the actuator includes a first pulley and a second pulley, each retained within the actuator housing; and the wire extends around each of the first and second pulleys, such that each of the first and second pulleys is configured to change a directional path of the wire. 6. The shield assembly according to claim 3, wherein the first shield component defines one of a pocket and an aperture configured to accept and accommodate outer dimensions of the actuator housing therein, such that the SMA element responds to the temperature of the friction brake. 7. The shield assembly according to claim 3, wherein:
the SMA element is configured as a plurality of wire coils; the plurality of wire coils is arranged in series with the bias spring; and the plurality of wire coils and the bias spring are separated by a divider. 8. The shield assembly according to claim 7, wherein each of the force generated by the plurality of wire coils and the bias force is transmitted through the divider. 9. The shield assembly according to claim 1, wherein:
the second shield component defines a second opening; and the second opening is configured to admit the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake when the second opening coincides with the first opening. 10. The shield assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first and second shield components are configured to selectively shield the friction brake from road borne contaminants and/or debris when the first opening is blocked and generate a path for the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to cool the friction brake when the first opening is unblocked. 11. A vehicle comprising:
a vehicle body including a first vehicle body end configured to face an incident ambient airflow, a second vehicle body end opposite of the first vehicle body end, and a vehicle underbody section configured to span a distance between the first and second vehicle body ends; a road wheel operatively connected to the vehicle body; a friction brake configured to retard rotation of the road wheel and thereby decelerate the vehicle; and an articulated shield assembly comprising:
a first shield component arranged proximate the friction brake and rotationally fixed relative to the vehicle body;
a second shield component operatively connected to the first shield component and configured to shift relative to the first shield component; and
an actuator employing a shape memory alloy (SMA) element to shift the second shield component relative to the first shield component in response to a temperature of the friction brake to thereby direct at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake and control temperature thereof. 12. The vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the actuator includes a bias spring generating a bias force configured to counter a force generated by the SMA element and retract the second shield component below a preset temperature of the friction brake. 13. The vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the actuator additionally includes an actuator housing configured to retain the SMA element and the bias spring therein. 14. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the SMA element is configured as a wire, and wherein the bias spring is configured to counter one of expansion and contraction of the wire. 15. The vehicle according to claim 14, wherein:
the actuator includes a first pulley and a second pulley, each retained within the actuator housing; and the wire extends around each of the first and second pulleys, such that each of the first and second pulleys is configured to change a directional path of the wire. 16. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the first shield component defines one of a pocket and an aperture configured to accept and accommodate outer dimensions of the actuator housing therein, such that the SMA element responds to the temperature of the friction brake. 17. The vehicle according to claim 13, wherein:
the SMA element is configured as a plurality of wire coils; the plurality of wire coils is arranged in series with the bias spring; and the plurality of wire coils and the bias spring are separated by a divider. 18. The vehicle according to claim 17, wherein each of the force generated by the plurality of wire coils and the bias force is transmitted through the divider. 19. The vehicle according to claim 11, wherein:
the second shield component defines a second opening; and the second opening is configured to admit the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to the friction brake when the second opening coincides with the first opening. 20. The vehicle according to claim 11, wherein the first and second shield components are configured to selectively shield the friction brake from road borne contaminants and/or debris when the first opening is blocked and generate a path for the at least a portion of the incident ambient airflow to cool the friction brake when the first opening is unblocked. | 3,600 |
341,571 | 16,801,930 | 2,173 | A learning method to be executed by a computer, the learning method includes when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learning a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence; and when an intermediate representation generated when the first input sentence is input to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learning the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence. | 1. A learning method to be executed by a computer, the learning method comprising:
when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learning a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence; and when an intermediate representation generated by inputting the first input sentence to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learning the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence. 2. The learning method according to claim 1, further comprising:
inputting an input sentence to be an extraction target of a named entity to the first machine learning model in which the learned first parameter is set; and extracting a named entity from the input sentence based on a value output from the first machine learning model. 3. The learning method according to claim 1, wherein
the first machine learning model and the second machine learning model include a recurrent neural network (RNN), and the learning the first parameter, and the learning the first parameter and the second parameter include learning a parameter of the RNN. 4. The learning method according to claim 1, wherein
the predetermined target includes a compound, a person, and a company. 5. An extraction method to be executed by a computer, the extraction method comprising:
when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learning a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence; when an intermediate representation generated by inputting the first input sentence to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learning the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence; inputting an input sentence to be an extraction target of a named entity to the first machine learning model in which the learned first parameter is set; and extracting a named entity from the input sentence based on the value output from the first machine learning model. 6. An information processing apparatus, comprising:
a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and the processor configured to:
when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learn a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence, and
when an intermediate representation generated by putting the first input sentence to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learn the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence. 7. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising:
inputting an input sentence to be an extraction target of a named entity to the first machine learning model in which the learned first parameter is set; and extracting a named entity from the input sentence based on a value output from the first machine learning model. 8. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the first machine learning model and the second machine learning model include a recurrent neural network (RNN), and the processor is configured to learn a parameter of the RNN when the first input sentence is input to a first machine learning model. 9. The information processing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein
the processor is configured to learn the parameter of the RNN when the intermediate representation and the second input sentence are input to the second machine learning model. 10. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the predetermined target includes a compound, a person, and a company. | A learning method to be executed by a computer, the learning method includes when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learning a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence; and when an intermediate representation generated when the first input sentence is input to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learning the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence.1. A learning method to be executed by a computer, the learning method comprising:
when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learning a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence; and when an intermediate representation generated by inputting the first input sentence to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learning the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence. 2. The learning method according to claim 1, further comprising:
inputting an input sentence to be an extraction target of a named entity to the first machine learning model in which the learned first parameter is set; and extracting a named entity from the input sentence based on a value output from the first machine learning model. 3. The learning method according to claim 1, wherein
the first machine learning model and the second machine learning model include a recurrent neural network (RNN), and the learning the first parameter, and the learning the first parameter and the second parameter include learning a parameter of the RNN. 4. The learning method according to claim 1, wherein
the predetermined target includes a compound, a person, and a company. 5. An extraction method to be executed by a computer, the extraction method comprising:
when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learning a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence; when an intermediate representation generated by inputting the first input sentence to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learning the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence; inputting an input sentence to be an extraction target of a named entity to the first machine learning model in which the learned first parameter is set; and extracting a named entity from the input sentence based on the value output from the first machine learning model. 6. An information processing apparatus, comprising:
a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and the processor configured to:
when a first input sentence in which a predetermined target is represented by a first named entity is input to a first machine learning model, learn a first parameter of the first machine learning model such that a value output from the first machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the first input sentence, and
when an intermediate representation generated by putting the first input sentence to the first machine learning model and a second input sentence in which the predetermined target is represented by a second named entity are input to a second machine learning model, learn the first parameter and a second parameter of the second machine learning model such that a value output from the second machine learning model approaches correct answer information corresponding to the second input sentence. 7. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising:
inputting an input sentence to be an extraction target of a named entity to the first machine learning model in which the learned first parameter is set; and extracting a named entity from the input sentence based on a value output from the first machine learning model. 8. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the first machine learning model and the second machine learning model include a recurrent neural network (RNN), and the processor is configured to learn a parameter of the RNN when the first input sentence is input to a first machine learning model. 9. The information processing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein
the processor is configured to learn the parameter of the RNN when the intermediate representation and the second input sentence are input to the second machine learning model. 10. The information processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the predetermined target includes a compound, a person, and a company. | 2,100 |
341,572 | 16,801,938 | 2,173 | A system for loading pipette tips. A system for accommodating pipette tips is provided, comprising a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has curved surface area corresponding to a section of a spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface corresponds to the section of a spherical washer so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are congruent | 1. A system for accommodating pipette tips, comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface area is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein lower side walls of the tray located below the plate are displaced inwards forming a bearing area. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its longitudinal sides a recessed grip for handling and positioning of the tray. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its smaller sides notches for its positioning on a loading drawer. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the corners of the tray have an oblique shape. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the corners have a by 45° inclined surface. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has 96 openings in a 4×24 arrangement. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein upper side walls located above the plate of the tray have openings at the corners of the tray so that the upper side walls can be pushed into a forked light barrier of the loading member. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a loading drawer with an open section for accommodating the tray. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the open section has at its longitudinal sides only one side wall and comprises at the upper side of each smaller side of the opening a ridge for accepting a notch of the tray. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the loading drawer comprises sliding rails for moving it into and out of a loading member. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the loading member comprises guide rails for moving the loading drawer onto them. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the guide rails comprise positioning springs for engaging into the recessed grip of the tray. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein loading member comprises a conveyer belt for transporting trays. 15. A method of using of a system comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent of comprising the step of loading the pipette tips into the tray's openings. | A system for loading pipette tips. A system for accommodating pipette tips is provided, comprising a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has curved surface area corresponding to a section of a spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface corresponds to the section of a spherical washer so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are congruent1. A system for accommodating pipette tips, comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface area is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein lower side walls of the tray located below the plate are displaced inwards forming a bearing area. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its longitudinal sides a recessed grip for handling and positioning of the tray. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its smaller sides notches for its positioning on a loading drawer. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the corners of the tray have an oblique shape. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the corners have a by 45° inclined surface. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has 96 openings in a 4×24 arrangement. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein upper side walls located above the plate of the tray have openings at the corners of the tray so that the upper side walls can be pushed into a forked light barrier of the loading member. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a loading drawer with an open section for accommodating the tray. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the open section has at its longitudinal sides only one side wall and comprises at the upper side of each smaller side of the opening a ridge for accepting a notch of the tray. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the loading drawer comprises sliding rails for moving it into and out of a loading member. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the loading member comprises guide rails for moving the loading drawer onto them. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the guide rails comprise positioning springs for engaging into the recessed grip of the tray. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein loading member comprises a conveyer belt for transporting trays. 15. A method of using of a system comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent of comprising the step of loading the pipette tips into the tray's openings. | 2,100 |
341,573 | 16,801,902 | 2,173 | A system for loading pipette tips. A system for accommodating pipette tips is provided, comprising a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has curved surface area corresponding to a section of a spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface corresponds to the section of a spherical washer so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are congruent | 1. A system for accommodating pipette tips, comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface area is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein lower side walls of the tray located below the plate are displaced inwards forming a bearing area. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its longitudinal sides a recessed grip for handling and positioning of the tray. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its smaller sides notches for its positioning on a loading drawer. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the corners of the tray have an oblique shape. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the corners have a by 45° inclined surface. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has 96 openings in a 4×24 arrangement. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein upper side walls located above the plate of the tray have openings at the corners of the tray so that the upper side walls can be pushed into a forked light barrier of the loading member. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a loading drawer with an open section for accommodating the tray. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the open section has at its longitudinal sides only one side wall and comprises at the upper side of each smaller side of the opening a ridge for accepting a notch of the tray. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the loading drawer comprises sliding rails for moving it into and out of a loading member. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the loading member comprises guide rails for moving the loading drawer onto them. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the guide rails comprise positioning springs for engaging into the recessed grip of the tray. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein loading member comprises a conveyer belt for transporting trays. 15. A method of using of a system comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent of comprising the step of loading the pipette tips into the tray's openings. | A system for loading pipette tips. A system for accommodating pipette tips is provided, comprising a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has curved surface area corresponding to a section of a spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface corresponds to the section of a spherical washer so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are congruent1. A system for accommodating pipette tips, comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface area is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein lower side walls of the tray located below the plate are displaced inwards forming a bearing area. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its longitudinal sides a recessed grip for handling and positioning of the tray. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has at its smaller sides notches for its positioning on a loading drawer. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the corners of the tray have an oblique shape. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the corners have a by 45° inclined surface. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the tray has 96 openings in a 4×24 arrangement. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein upper side walls located above the plate of the tray have openings at the corners of the tray so that the upper side walls can be pushed into a forked light barrier of the loading member. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a loading drawer with an open section for accommodating the tray. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the open section has at its longitudinal sides only one side wall and comprises at the upper side of each smaller side of the opening a ridge for accepting a notch of the tray. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the loading drawer comprises sliding rails for moving it into and out of a loading member. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the loading member comprises guide rails for moving the loading drawer onto them. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the guide rails comprise positioning springs for engaging into the recessed grip of the tray. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein loading member comprises a conveyer belt for transporting trays. 15. A method of using of a system comprising:
a tray having openings for accommodating pipette tips in a plate, wherein the openings have at their upper end a surrounding contour which has a curved surface area, wherein said curved surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and pipette tips having at their upper end an offset forming a contact surface for the surrounding contour of the tray's opening, wherein the shape of the contact surface is a partial section of a single spherical washer, and wherein the partial sections of the single spherical washer of the tray's contour and the contact surface are identically curved and thus congruent, so that the centers of both spheres of surrounding contour and contact surface are also congruent of comprising the step of loading the pipette tips into the tray's openings. | 2,100 |
341,574 | 16,801,913 | 2,173 | An energy storage device has a plurality of storage cells. In this case, each storage cell is designed to be connected in an offline operation and separately from the remaining storage cells to a device for determining the capacitance of the energy storage device. | 1. An energy storage device, comprising:
a plurality of storage cells, wherein each storage cell is designed to be connected in off-line operation and separately from the remaining storage cells to a device for determining the capacitance of the energy storage device. 2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein
each storage cell is separately connectable to the device via a connecting element, or the plurality of storage cells is connectable to the device via a single connecting element. 3. A device for determining capacitance of an energy storage device having a plurality of storage cells, the device comprising:
connecting elements for connection thereof to each storage cell; a discharging/charging unit; and a calculation unit, wherein the discharging/charging unit is designed to be connected to the storage cells of the energy storage device, and to discharge the storage cells, and to charge the latter thereafter, and the calculation unit is designed, during the charging process which follows the discharging process, to monitor the voltage level of each of the storage cells of the energy storage device. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein
the calculation unit is designed, during the discharging of the energy storage device, to save a lower cell voltage of each storage cell at the end of the discharging process and, during the charging of the energy storage device, to save an upper cell voltage of each storage cell at the end of the charging process, and the calculation unit is designed to compare the lower cell voltages of the storage cells and the upper cell voltages of the corresponding storage cells and, on the basis of the result of the comparison, to calculate an available capacitance of each of the storage cells. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the available capacitance lies below a predefined limiting value and, on the basis of the available capacitance calculated, to generate a signal which indicates whether and/or which storage cells are to be replaced. 6. The device according to claim 3, wherein
the discharging/charging unit is designed to discharge each of the storage cells up to a first time point, at which a first of the storage cells of the energy storage device achieves a predefined lower voltage limit, and to identify and tag said storage cell, and thereafter to charge each of the storage cells up to a second time point, at which a first of the storage cells of the energy storage device achieves a predefined upper voltage limit, and to identify and tag said storage cell. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine the voltage level of each storage cell at the second time point. 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein
where the tagged storage cells are one and the same storage cell, the calculation unit is designed to determine a capacitance of the energy storage unit on the basis of the difference in the voltage level of the tagged storage cell at the first and the second time point. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the capacitance lies below a predefined limiting value and, if this is the case, to generate a signal which indicates that the tagged storage cell is to be replaced. 10. The device according to claim 6, wherein
where the tagged storage cells are one and the same storage cell, the calculation unit is designed to determine a capacitance of the energy storage unit on the basis of the difference in the voltage level of the tagged storage cell at the first and the second time point. 11. The device according to claim 6, wherein
if the tagged storage cells are different storage cells, the calculation unit is designed to calculate a difference in the upper voltage levels of the tagged storage cells at the second time point, and to calibrate the energy storage device on the basis of the calculated difference, wherein the time point of the start of the charging process for the tagged storage cells is adjusted such that the latter achieve the predefined upper voltage limit at the same second time point, and the discharging/charging unit is designed to discharge and charge the energy storage device once more after calibration. 12. The device according to claim 11, wherein
the discharging/charging unit and the calculation unit are designed to execute the discharging/charging process and the calibration process iteratively, until the calculated difference lies below a predefined limiting value. 13. The device according to claim 12, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the capacitance of the tagged storage cells, which is achieved within the time interval from the start of charging, specifically from the adjusted time point, to the achievement of the specified upper voltage limit, lies below a predefined limiting value and, if this is the case, to generate a signal which indicates that the tagged storage cell is to be replaced. 14. The device according to claim 11, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the capacitance of the tagged storage cells, which is achieved within the time interval from the start of charging, specifically from the adjusted time point, to the achievement of the specified upper voltage limit, lies below a predefined limiting value and, if this is the case, to generate a signal which indicates that the tagged storage cell is to be replaced. 15. A method for determining capacitance of an energy storage device having a plurality of storage cells, comprising:
connecting each storage cell of the energy storage device to a device for determining capacitance; discharging the storage cells and subsequently charging the storage cells; and monitoring a voltage level of each of the storage cells of the energy storage device during the charging process which follows the discharging process. | An energy storage device has a plurality of storage cells. In this case, each storage cell is designed to be connected in an offline operation and separately from the remaining storage cells to a device for determining the capacitance of the energy storage device.1. An energy storage device, comprising:
a plurality of storage cells, wherein each storage cell is designed to be connected in off-line operation and separately from the remaining storage cells to a device for determining the capacitance of the energy storage device. 2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein
each storage cell is separately connectable to the device via a connecting element, or the plurality of storage cells is connectable to the device via a single connecting element. 3. A device for determining capacitance of an energy storage device having a plurality of storage cells, the device comprising:
connecting elements for connection thereof to each storage cell; a discharging/charging unit; and a calculation unit, wherein the discharging/charging unit is designed to be connected to the storage cells of the energy storage device, and to discharge the storage cells, and to charge the latter thereafter, and the calculation unit is designed, during the charging process which follows the discharging process, to monitor the voltage level of each of the storage cells of the energy storage device. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein
the calculation unit is designed, during the discharging of the energy storage device, to save a lower cell voltage of each storage cell at the end of the discharging process and, during the charging of the energy storage device, to save an upper cell voltage of each storage cell at the end of the charging process, and the calculation unit is designed to compare the lower cell voltages of the storage cells and the upper cell voltages of the corresponding storage cells and, on the basis of the result of the comparison, to calculate an available capacitance of each of the storage cells. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the available capacitance lies below a predefined limiting value and, on the basis of the available capacitance calculated, to generate a signal which indicates whether and/or which storage cells are to be replaced. 6. The device according to claim 3, wherein
the discharging/charging unit is designed to discharge each of the storage cells up to a first time point, at which a first of the storage cells of the energy storage device achieves a predefined lower voltage limit, and to identify and tag said storage cell, and thereafter to charge each of the storage cells up to a second time point, at which a first of the storage cells of the energy storage device achieves a predefined upper voltage limit, and to identify and tag said storage cell. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine the voltage level of each storage cell at the second time point. 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein
where the tagged storage cells are one and the same storage cell, the calculation unit is designed to determine a capacitance of the energy storage unit on the basis of the difference in the voltage level of the tagged storage cell at the first and the second time point. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the capacitance lies below a predefined limiting value and, if this is the case, to generate a signal which indicates that the tagged storage cell is to be replaced. 10. The device according to claim 6, wherein
where the tagged storage cells are one and the same storage cell, the calculation unit is designed to determine a capacitance of the energy storage unit on the basis of the difference in the voltage level of the tagged storage cell at the first and the second time point. 11. The device according to claim 6, wherein
if the tagged storage cells are different storage cells, the calculation unit is designed to calculate a difference in the upper voltage levels of the tagged storage cells at the second time point, and to calibrate the energy storage device on the basis of the calculated difference, wherein the time point of the start of the charging process for the tagged storage cells is adjusted such that the latter achieve the predefined upper voltage limit at the same second time point, and the discharging/charging unit is designed to discharge and charge the energy storage device once more after calibration. 12. The device according to claim 11, wherein
the discharging/charging unit and the calculation unit are designed to execute the discharging/charging process and the calibration process iteratively, until the calculated difference lies below a predefined limiting value. 13. The device according to claim 12, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the capacitance of the tagged storage cells, which is achieved within the time interval from the start of charging, specifically from the adjusted time point, to the achievement of the specified upper voltage limit, lies below a predefined limiting value and, if this is the case, to generate a signal which indicates that the tagged storage cell is to be replaced. 14. The device according to claim 11, wherein
the calculation unit is designed to determine whether the capacitance of the tagged storage cells, which is achieved within the time interval from the start of charging, specifically from the adjusted time point, to the achievement of the specified upper voltage limit, lies below a predefined limiting value and, if this is the case, to generate a signal which indicates that the tagged storage cell is to be replaced. 15. A method for determining capacitance of an energy storage device having a plurality of storage cells, comprising:
connecting each storage cell of the energy storage device to a device for determining capacitance; discharging the storage cells and subsequently charging the storage cells; and monitoring a voltage level of each of the storage cells of the energy storage device during the charging process which follows the discharging process. | 2,100 |
341,575 | 16,801,908 | 2,173 | A semiconductor device includes first and second electrodes. A first-type layer is between the first and second electrodes. A pair of first gate electrodes is between the first and second electrodes and each is surrounded by a gate insulating film. Second gate electrodes are disposed between the pair of first gate electrodes. A second-type layer is on the first-type layer in a first region between a first gate electrode and one of the second gate electrodes. Another first-type layer is on the second-type layer. This other first-type layer is directly adjacent to the gate insulating film. Another second-type layer is on the other second-type layer. A width of the first-type layer between adjacent second gate electrodes is less than a length of the first-type layer in the region between adjacent second gate electrodes. | 1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode spaced from a second electrode in a first direction; a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type between the first and second electrodes; a first pair of first gate electrodes between the first and second electrodes and spaced from each other in a second direction intersecting the first direction, each first gate electrode extending in the first direction into the first semiconductor layer and surrounded by a first gate insulating film; a plurality of second gate electrodes between the first pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction and spaced from each other in the second direction, each second gate electrode extending in the first direction between the first and second electrodes and surrounded by a second gate insulating film; a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type on the first semiconductor layer in a first region between a first gate electrode of the first pair and one of the plurality of second gate electrodes; a third semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer, the third semiconductor layer being directly adjacent to the first gate insulating film; and a fourth semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer adjacent to the third semiconductor layer in the second direction, wherein a width of the first semiconductor layer in a second region between adjacent pairs of the second gate electrodes in the second direction is less than a length of the first semiconductor layer in the second region. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by dividing the width by the length is less than or equal to 0.2. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first gate electrodes are connected to a first gate pad and the second gate electrodes are connected to a second gate pad. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first gate driver circuit connected to the first gate electrodes; and a second gate driver circuit connected to the second gate electrodes. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fifth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region between the second semiconductor layer and the first semiconductor layer, a dopant concentration of the fifth semiconductor layer being greater than the first semiconductor layer. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 5, further comprising:
a sixth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region, between the fourth semiconductor layer and the second gate electrode in the second direction, a dopant concentration of the sixth semiconductor layer being greater than the fifth semiconductor layer. 7. The semiconductor device according to claim 6, further comprising:
a seventh semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type in the second region, the seventh semiconductor layer being between the first semiconductor layer and a first electrode in the first direction. 8. The semiconductor device according to claim 7, further comprising:
an eighth semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type in the second region, the eighth semiconductor layer being between the seventh semiconductor layer and the first electrode, a dopant concentration of the eight semiconductor layer being greater than a dopant concentration of the seventh semiconductor layer. 9. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fifth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region, between the fourth semiconductor layer and a second gate electrode in the second direction, a dopant concentration of the fifth semiconductor layer being greater than the first semiconductor layer. 10. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a second pair of first gate electrodes, wherein the first pair of first gate electrodes is between the second pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction. 11. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a dummy electrode between a pair of second gate electrodes of the plurality of second gate electrodes in the second direction. 12. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a dummy electrode between one of the first gate electrodes of the first pair of first gate electrodes and the plurality of second gate electrodes in the second direction. 13. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the second semiconductor layer is in direct contact with the first electrode. 14. The semiconductor device according to claim 13, wherein the first electrode comprises least one of aluminum, tantalum, silver, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, chromium, ruthenium, gold, palladium, nickel, and platinum. 15. A semiconductor module, comprising:
a voltage control circuit; a semiconductor device electrically connected to the voltage control circuit, the semiconductor device comprising:
a first electrode spaced from a second electrode in a first direction;
a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type between the first and second electrodes;
a first pair of first gate electrodes between the first and second electrodes and spaced from each other in a second direction intersecting the first direction, each first gate electrode extending in the first direction into the first semiconductor layer and surrounded by a first gate insulating film;
a plurality of second gate electrodes between the first pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction and spaced from each other in the second direction, each second gate electrode extending in the first direction between the first and second electrodes and surrounded by a second gate insulating film;
a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type on the first semiconductor layer in a first region between a first gate electrode of the first pair and one of the plurality of second gate electrodes;
a third semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer, the third semiconductor layer being directly adjacent to the first gate insulating film; and
a fourth semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer adjacent to the third semiconductor layer in the second direction, wherein
a width of the first semiconductor layer in a second region between adjacent pairs of the second gate electrodes in the second direction is less than a length of the first semiconductor layer in the second region, and the voltage control circuit is configured to control an on-state voltage applied to the first pair of first gate electrodes and an on-state voltage applied to the plurality of gate electrodes to be applied at different times. 16. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the on-state voltage applied to the first electrodes is applied until a predetermined time elapses from an ending of the application of the on-state voltage applied to plurality of second electrodes. 17. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises:
a first gate driver circuit connected to the first gate electrodes; and a second gate driver circuit connected to the second gate electrodes. 18. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the semiconductor device further comprises:
a fifth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region between the second semiconductor layer and the first semiconductor layer, a dopant concentration of the fifth semiconductor layer being greater than the first semiconductor layer. 19. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the semiconductor device further comprises:
a second pair of first gate electrodes, wherein the first pair of first gate electrodes is between the second pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction. 20. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the semiconductor device further comprises:
a dummy electrode between one of the first gate electrodes of the first pair of first gate electrodes and the plurality of second gate electrodes in the second direction. | A semiconductor device includes first and second electrodes. A first-type layer is between the first and second electrodes. A pair of first gate electrodes is between the first and second electrodes and each is surrounded by a gate insulating film. Second gate electrodes are disposed between the pair of first gate electrodes. A second-type layer is on the first-type layer in a first region between a first gate electrode and one of the second gate electrodes. Another first-type layer is on the second-type layer. This other first-type layer is directly adjacent to the gate insulating film. Another second-type layer is on the other second-type layer. A width of the first-type layer between adjacent second gate electrodes is less than a length of the first-type layer in the region between adjacent second gate electrodes.1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode spaced from a second electrode in a first direction; a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type between the first and second electrodes; a first pair of first gate electrodes between the first and second electrodes and spaced from each other in a second direction intersecting the first direction, each first gate electrode extending in the first direction into the first semiconductor layer and surrounded by a first gate insulating film; a plurality of second gate electrodes between the first pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction and spaced from each other in the second direction, each second gate electrode extending in the first direction between the first and second electrodes and surrounded by a second gate insulating film; a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type on the first semiconductor layer in a first region between a first gate electrode of the first pair and one of the plurality of second gate electrodes; a third semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer, the third semiconductor layer being directly adjacent to the first gate insulating film; and a fourth semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer adjacent to the third semiconductor layer in the second direction, wherein a width of the first semiconductor layer in a second region between adjacent pairs of the second gate electrodes in the second direction is less than a length of the first semiconductor layer in the second region. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by dividing the width by the length is less than or equal to 0.2. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first gate electrodes are connected to a first gate pad and the second gate electrodes are connected to a second gate pad. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first gate driver circuit connected to the first gate electrodes; and a second gate driver circuit connected to the second gate electrodes. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fifth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region between the second semiconductor layer and the first semiconductor layer, a dopant concentration of the fifth semiconductor layer being greater than the first semiconductor layer. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 5, further comprising:
a sixth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region, between the fourth semiconductor layer and the second gate electrode in the second direction, a dopant concentration of the sixth semiconductor layer being greater than the fifth semiconductor layer. 7. The semiconductor device according to claim 6, further comprising:
a seventh semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type in the second region, the seventh semiconductor layer being between the first semiconductor layer and a first electrode in the first direction. 8. The semiconductor device according to claim 7, further comprising:
an eighth semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type in the second region, the eighth semiconductor layer being between the seventh semiconductor layer and the first electrode, a dopant concentration of the eight semiconductor layer being greater than a dopant concentration of the seventh semiconductor layer. 9. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fifth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region, between the fourth semiconductor layer and a second gate electrode in the second direction, a dopant concentration of the fifth semiconductor layer being greater than the first semiconductor layer. 10. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a second pair of first gate electrodes, wherein the first pair of first gate electrodes is between the second pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction. 11. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a dummy electrode between a pair of second gate electrodes of the plurality of second gate electrodes in the second direction. 12. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a dummy electrode between one of the first gate electrodes of the first pair of first gate electrodes and the plurality of second gate electrodes in the second direction. 13. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the second semiconductor layer is in direct contact with the first electrode. 14. The semiconductor device according to claim 13, wherein the first electrode comprises least one of aluminum, tantalum, silver, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, chromium, ruthenium, gold, palladium, nickel, and platinum. 15. A semiconductor module, comprising:
a voltage control circuit; a semiconductor device electrically connected to the voltage control circuit, the semiconductor device comprising:
a first electrode spaced from a second electrode in a first direction;
a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type between the first and second electrodes;
a first pair of first gate electrodes between the first and second electrodes and spaced from each other in a second direction intersecting the first direction, each first gate electrode extending in the first direction into the first semiconductor layer and surrounded by a first gate insulating film;
a plurality of second gate electrodes between the first pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction and spaced from each other in the second direction, each second gate electrode extending in the first direction between the first and second electrodes and surrounded by a second gate insulating film;
a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type on the first semiconductor layer in a first region between a first gate electrode of the first pair and one of the plurality of second gate electrodes;
a third semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer, the third semiconductor layer being directly adjacent to the first gate insulating film; and
a fourth semiconductor layer of the second conductivity type on the second semiconductor layer adjacent to the third semiconductor layer in the second direction, wherein
a width of the first semiconductor layer in a second region between adjacent pairs of the second gate electrodes in the second direction is less than a length of the first semiconductor layer in the second region, and the voltage control circuit is configured to control an on-state voltage applied to the first pair of first gate electrodes and an on-state voltage applied to the plurality of gate electrodes to be applied at different times. 16. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the on-state voltage applied to the first electrodes is applied until a predetermined time elapses from an ending of the application of the on-state voltage applied to plurality of second electrodes. 17. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises:
a first gate driver circuit connected to the first gate electrodes; and a second gate driver circuit connected to the second gate electrodes. 18. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the semiconductor device further comprises:
a fifth semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type in the first region between the second semiconductor layer and the first semiconductor layer, a dopant concentration of the fifth semiconductor layer being greater than the first semiconductor layer. 19. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the semiconductor device further comprises:
a second pair of first gate electrodes, wherein the first pair of first gate electrodes is between the second pair of first gate electrodes in the second direction. 20. The semiconductor module according to claim 15, wherein the semiconductor device further comprises:
a dummy electrode between one of the first gate electrodes of the first pair of first gate electrodes and the plurality of second gate electrodes in the second direction. | 2,100 |
341,576 | 16,801,905 | 2,173 | A printer for pulling out a paper wound in a form of a wound roll is disclosed. The printer may comprise a cartridge configured to accommodate the paper, a housing in which the cartridge is mounted, a cover moveable between an open position for opening the top surface of the housing and a closed position for closing the top surface of the housing, a first printing unit mounted to the housing, and a second printing unit mounted to the cover. The paper is pulled out between the first printing unit and the second printing unit, and the second printing unit has a decurling part formed thereon. The decurling part comes into surface-contact with the paper on the upper side of the paper in the process of pulling out the paper when the cover is in the closed position. | 1. A printer for pulling out a paper wound in a form of a wound roll, comprising:
a cartridge configured to accommodate the paper; a housing in which the cartridge is mounted; a cover moveable between an open position for opening the top surface of the housing and a closed position for closing the top surface of the housing; a first printing unit mounted to the housing; and a second printing unit mounted to the cover, wherein the paper is pulled out between the first printing unit and the second printing unit, and wherein the second printing unit has a decurling part formed thereon, and the decurling part comes into surface-contact with the paper on the upper side of the paper in the process of pulling out the paper when the cover is in the closed position. 2. The printer according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the decurling part that comes into surface-contact with the paper has a first curvature radius. 3. The printer according to claim 1, the cartridge comprises a decurl guide part that comes into surface-contact with the paper on the lower side of the paper in the process of pulling out the paper. 4. The printer according to claim 3, wherein a portion of the decurling part that comes into surface-contact with the paper has a first curvature radius,
a portion of the decurl guide part that comes into contact with the paper has a second curvature radius, and the first curvature radius is smaller than the second curvature radius. 5. The printer according to claim 4, wherein the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part is greater than the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the rotational center axis of the paper in the housing. 6. The printer of claim 5, wherein the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part is greater than the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the center of the curvature radius of the decurling part. 7. The printer of claim 6, wherein the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part is disposed between the rotational center axis of the paper in the housing and the center of the curvature radius of the decurling part, and
the paper is decurled by the pressure applied by the decurling part while passing through a space between the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part and the center of the curvature radius of the decurling part. 8. The printer according to claim 4, wherein a step is formed in the decurl guide part such that the height of a portion corresponding to a path where an adhesive portion of the paper passes through is lower than the height of a portion corresponding to a path where the adhesive portion of the paper does not pass through, and
a step is formed in the decurling part such that the height of a portion corresponding to a path where the adhesive portion of the paper passes through is lower than the height of a portion corresponding to a path where the adhesive portion of the paper does not pass through. 9. The printer according to claim 1, wherein the decurling part applies pressure to the upper portion of the paper in a direction opposite to a direction in which the paper is wound in the cartridge thereby decurling the paper being pulled out. 10. The printer according to claim 1, wherein the second printing unit is disposed at a position facing the first printing unit when the cover is in the closed position, and
wherein the first printing unit comprises a thermal head configured to perform printing on the paper and the second printing unit comprises a feed roller configured to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction in which the paper is unwound while pressing the thermal head to convey the paper, or the second printing unit comprises a thermal head configured to perform printing on the paper and the first printing unit comprises a feed roller configured to rotate in a direction opposite to a direction in which the paper is unwound while pressing the thermal head to convey the paper. | A printer for pulling out a paper wound in a form of a wound roll is disclosed. The printer may comprise a cartridge configured to accommodate the paper, a housing in which the cartridge is mounted, a cover moveable between an open position for opening the top surface of the housing and a closed position for closing the top surface of the housing, a first printing unit mounted to the housing, and a second printing unit mounted to the cover. The paper is pulled out between the first printing unit and the second printing unit, and the second printing unit has a decurling part formed thereon. The decurling part comes into surface-contact with the paper on the upper side of the paper in the process of pulling out the paper when the cover is in the closed position.1. A printer for pulling out a paper wound in a form of a wound roll, comprising:
a cartridge configured to accommodate the paper; a housing in which the cartridge is mounted; a cover moveable between an open position for opening the top surface of the housing and a closed position for closing the top surface of the housing; a first printing unit mounted to the housing; and a second printing unit mounted to the cover, wherein the paper is pulled out between the first printing unit and the second printing unit, and wherein the second printing unit has a decurling part formed thereon, and the decurling part comes into surface-contact with the paper on the upper side of the paper in the process of pulling out the paper when the cover is in the closed position. 2. The printer according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the decurling part that comes into surface-contact with the paper has a first curvature radius. 3. The printer according to claim 1, the cartridge comprises a decurl guide part that comes into surface-contact with the paper on the lower side of the paper in the process of pulling out the paper. 4. The printer according to claim 3, wherein a portion of the decurling part that comes into surface-contact with the paper has a first curvature radius,
a portion of the decurl guide part that comes into contact with the paper has a second curvature radius, and the first curvature radius is smaller than the second curvature radius. 5. The printer according to claim 4, wherein the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part is greater than the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the rotational center axis of the paper in the housing. 6. The printer of claim 5, wherein the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part is greater than the height from the bottom surface of the housing to the center of the curvature radius of the decurling part. 7. The printer of claim 6, wherein the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part is disposed between the rotational center axis of the paper in the housing and the center of the curvature radius of the decurling part, and
the paper is decurled by the pressure applied by the decurling part while passing through a space between the center of the curvature radius of the decurl guide part and the center of the curvature radius of the decurling part. 8. The printer according to claim 4, wherein a step is formed in the decurl guide part such that the height of a portion corresponding to a path where an adhesive portion of the paper passes through is lower than the height of a portion corresponding to a path where the adhesive portion of the paper does not pass through, and
a step is formed in the decurling part such that the height of a portion corresponding to a path where the adhesive portion of the paper passes through is lower than the height of a portion corresponding to a path where the adhesive portion of the paper does not pass through. 9. The printer according to claim 1, wherein the decurling part applies pressure to the upper portion of the paper in a direction opposite to a direction in which the paper is wound in the cartridge thereby decurling the paper being pulled out. 10. The printer according to claim 1, wherein the second printing unit is disposed at a position facing the first printing unit when the cover is in the closed position, and
wherein the first printing unit comprises a thermal head configured to perform printing on the paper and the second printing unit comprises a feed roller configured to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction in which the paper is unwound while pressing the thermal head to convey the paper, or the second printing unit comprises a thermal head configured to perform printing on the paper and the first printing unit comprises a feed roller configured to rotate in a direction opposite to a direction in which the paper is unwound while pressing the thermal head to convey the paper. | 2,100 |
341,577 | 16,801,916 | 2,173 | A foot actuated toilet flushing device for hands free toilet flushing includes a bracket, a pedal assembly, and a cable assembly. The bracket is mountable to a tank of a toilet proximate to a handle of the toilet. A connector is engaged to the bracket and is connectable to the handle of the toilet. The pedal assembly is mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet. The cable assembly is coupled to and extends between the connector and the pedal assembly. The pedal assembly can be pressed by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly to transfer a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet to flush the toilet. | 1. A foot actuated toilet flushing device comprising:
a bracket configured to be mountable to a tank of a toilet proximate to a handle of the toilet, wherein the bracket comprises a bar having an upper end and a lower end, the bar being hook shaped proximate to the upper end, wherein the upper end of the bar is configured for hooking to a lip of the tank of the toilet; a connector engaged to the bracket and being configured to be connected to the handle of the toilet; a pedal assembly configured to be mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet; a cable assembly coupled to and extending between the connector and the pedal assembly, wherein the pedal assembly is configured for pressing by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly for transferring a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet; the lower end of the bar having a rim engaged thereto and extending perpendicularly therefrom, the rim having a first hole positioned therethrough; a ring coupled to the bar between the rim and the upper end, the ring extending from the bar codirectionally with the rim; the pedal assembly comprising:
a first plate,
a second plate pivotally engaged to an upper face of the first plate equally distant from a front edge and a rear edge of the first plate,
a plate fastener engaged to a lower face of the first plate and being configured for fastening the first plate to the floor proximate to the toilet, and
a tab coupled to and extending perpendicularly from the upper face of the first plate proximate to the front edge of the first plate, the tab having a second hole positioned therethrough; and
the cable assembly comprising:
a sheath coupled to the rim and the tab and extending between the first hole and the second hole, the sheath being non-compressible along a longitudinal axis thereof,
a wire positioned through the sheath and extending through the first hole and the second hole, the wire being coupled to the connector and the second plate, and
a spring positioned around the wire between the rim and the ring, the spring being coupled to the wire distal from the rim, such that the spring biases the second plate to a ready position wherein the second plate is transverse to the first plate, wherein the spring is configured for tensioning as the second plate is depressed toward the first plate by the foot of the user concurrent with the wire transferring the downward force to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, and wherein the spring is configured for rebounding, upon removal of the foot of the user from the second plate, for returning the second plate to the ready position. 2. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, wherein the connector comprises a clip. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, wherein the plate fastener comprises a floor cup, the floor cup being resiliently compressible, wherein the floor cup is configured for pressing between the first plate and the floor for suctionally fastening the first plate to the floor. 6. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, further including:
a wedge coupled to the upper face of the first plate and positioned between the tab and the second plate, the wedge having an upper surface, the upper surface extending arcuately from the first plate proximate to the tab, such that the upper surface is distal from the first plate proximate to the second plate; and the wire being positioned over the wedge. 7. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, further including a cable fastener configured to be mountable to the tank of the toilet and to be selectively engageable to the sheath such that the sheath is retained proximate to the tank. 8. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 7, wherein the cable fastener comprises a cable cup having a protrusion coupled thereto, the cable cup and the protrusion being resilient, wherein the cable cup is configured for pressing against the tank for coupling it thereto, the protrusion extending from the cable cup and having a slot positioned therein, such that the slot is positioned for inserting the sheath for engaging the sheath to the protrusion. 9. A toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination comprising:
a toilet comprising a tank having a handle engaged thereto for flushing the toilet; a bracket mounted to the tank of the toilet proximate to the handle, wherein the bracket comprises a bar having an upper end and a lower end, the bar being hook shaped proximate to the upper end and hooked to a lip of the tank of the toilet; a connector engaged to the bracket and connected to the handle of the toilet; a pedal assembly configured to be mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet; a cable assembly coupled to and extending between the connector and the pedal assembly, wherein the pedal assembly is configured for pressing by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly for transferring a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet; the lower end of the bar having a rim engaged thereto and extending perpendicularly therefrom, the rim having a first hole positioned therethrough; a ring coupled to the bar between the rim and the upper end, the ring extending from the bar codirectionally with the rim; the pedal assembly comprising:
a first plate,
a second plate pivotally engaged to an upper face of the first plate equally distant from a front edge and a rear edge of the first plate,
a plate fastener engaged to a lower face of the first plate and being configured for fastening the first plate to the floor proximate to the toilet, and
a tab coupled to and extending perpendicularly from the upper face of the first plate proximate to the front edge of the first plate, the tab having a second hole positioned therethrough; and
the cable assembly comprising:
a sheath coupled to the rim and the tab and extending between the first hole and the second hole, the sheath being non-compressible along a longitudinal axis thereof,
a wire positioned through the sheath and extending through the first hole and the second hole, the wire being coupled to the connector and the second plate, and
a spring positioned around the wire between the rim and the ring, the spring being coupled to the wire distal from the rim, such that the spring biases the second plate to a ready position wherein the second plate is transverse to the first plate, wherein the spring is configured for tensioning as the second plate is depressed toward the first plate by the foot of the user concurrent with the wire transferring the downward force to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, and wherein the spring is configured for rebounding, upon removal of the foot of the user from the second plate, for returning the second plate to the ready position. 10. The toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination of claim 9, wherein the connector comprises a clip. 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. The toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination of claim 9, wherein the plate fastener comprises a floor cup, the floor cup being resiliently compressible, wherein the floor cup is configured for pressing between the first plate and the floor for suctionally fastening the first plate to the floor. 14. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 9, further including:
a wedge coupled to the upper face of the first plate and positioned between the tab and the second plate, the wedge having an upper surface, the upper surface extending arcuately from the first plate proximate to the tab, such that the upper surface is distal from the first plate proximate to the second plate; and the wire being positioned over the wedge. 15. The toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination of claim 9, further including a cable fastener mounted to the tank of the toilet and to engaged to the sheath such that the sheath is retained proximate to the tank. 16. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 15, wherein the cable fastener comprises a cable cup having a protrusion coupled thereto, the cable cup and the protrusion being resilient, the cable cup being suctionally mounted to the tank, the protrusion extending from the cable cup and having a slot positioned therein, the sheath such that being positioned in the slot. 17. A foot actuated toilet flushing device comprising:
a bracket configured to be mountable to a tank of a toilet proximate to a handle of the toilet, the bracket comprising a bar having an upper end and a lower end, the bar being hook shaped proximate to the upper end, wherein the upper end of the bar is configured for hooking to a lip of the tank of the toilet, the lower end having a rim engaged thereto and extending perpendicularly therefrom, the rim having a first hole positioned therethrough; a ring coupled to the bar between the rim and the upper end, the ring extending from the bar codirectionally with the rim; a connector engaged to the bracket and being configured to be connected to the handle of the toilet, the connector comprising a clip; a pedal assembly configured to be mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet, the pedal assembly comprising:
a first plate,
a second plate pivotally engaged to an upper face of the first plate equally distant from a front edge and a rear edge of the first plate,
a plate fastener engaged to a lower face of the first plate and being configured for fastening the first plate to the floor proximate to the toilet, the plate fastener comprising a floor cup, the floor cup being resiliently compressible, wherein the floor cup is configured for pressing between the first plate and the floor for suctionally fastening the first plate to the floor,
a tab coupled to and extending substantially perpendicularly from the upper face of the first plate proximate to the front edge of the first plate, the tab having a second hole positioned therethrough, and
a wedge coupled to the upper face of the first plate and positioned between the tab and the second plate, the wedge having an upper surface, the upper surface extending arcuately from the first plate proximate to the tab, such that the upper surface is distal from the first plate proximate to the second plate;
a cable assembly coupled to and extending between the connector and the pedal assembly, wherein the pedal assembly is configured for pressing by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly for transferring a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, the cable assembly comprising:
a sheath coupled to the rim and the tab and extending between the first hole and the second hole, the sheath being non-compressible along a longitudinal axis thereof,
a wire positioned through the sheath and extending through the first hole and the second hole, the wire being coupled to the connector and the second plate, the wire being positioned over the wedge, and
a spring positioned around the wire between the rim and the ring, the spring being coupled to the wire distal from the rim, such that the spring biases the second plate to a ready position wherein the second plate is transverse to the first plate, wherein the spring is configured for tensioning as the second plate is depressed toward the first plate by the foot of the user concurrent with the wire transferring the downward force to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, and wherein the spring is configured for rebounding, upon removal of the foot of the user from the second plate, for returning the second plate to the ready position; and
a cable fastener configured to be mountable to the tank of the toilet and to be selectively engageable to the sheath such that the sheath is retained proximate to the tank, the cable fastener comprising a cable cup having a protrusion coupled thereto, the cable cup and the protrusion being resilient, wherein the cable cup is configured for pressing against the tank for coupling it thereto, the protrusion extending from the cable cup and having a slot positioned therein, such that the slot is positioned for inserting the sheath for engaging the sheath to the protrusion. | A foot actuated toilet flushing device for hands free toilet flushing includes a bracket, a pedal assembly, and a cable assembly. The bracket is mountable to a tank of a toilet proximate to a handle of the toilet. A connector is engaged to the bracket and is connectable to the handle of the toilet. The pedal assembly is mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet. The cable assembly is coupled to and extends between the connector and the pedal assembly. The pedal assembly can be pressed by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly to transfer a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet to flush the toilet.1. A foot actuated toilet flushing device comprising:
a bracket configured to be mountable to a tank of a toilet proximate to a handle of the toilet, wherein the bracket comprises a bar having an upper end and a lower end, the bar being hook shaped proximate to the upper end, wherein the upper end of the bar is configured for hooking to a lip of the tank of the toilet; a connector engaged to the bracket and being configured to be connected to the handle of the toilet; a pedal assembly configured to be mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet; a cable assembly coupled to and extending between the connector and the pedal assembly, wherein the pedal assembly is configured for pressing by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly for transferring a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet; the lower end of the bar having a rim engaged thereto and extending perpendicularly therefrom, the rim having a first hole positioned therethrough; a ring coupled to the bar between the rim and the upper end, the ring extending from the bar codirectionally with the rim; the pedal assembly comprising:
a first plate,
a second plate pivotally engaged to an upper face of the first plate equally distant from a front edge and a rear edge of the first plate,
a plate fastener engaged to a lower face of the first plate and being configured for fastening the first plate to the floor proximate to the toilet, and
a tab coupled to and extending perpendicularly from the upper face of the first plate proximate to the front edge of the first plate, the tab having a second hole positioned therethrough; and
the cable assembly comprising:
a sheath coupled to the rim and the tab and extending between the first hole and the second hole, the sheath being non-compressible along a longitudinal axis thereof,
a wire positioned through the sheath and extending through the first hole and the second hole, the wire being coupled to the connector and the second plate, and
a spring positioned around the wire between the rim and the ring, the spring being coupled to the wire distal from the rim, such that the spring biases the second plate to a ready position wherein the second plate is transverse to the first plate, wherein the spring is configured for tensioning as the second plate is depressed toward the first plate by the foot of the user concurrent with the wire transferring the downward force to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, and wherein the spring is configured for rebounding, upon removal of the foot of the user from the second plate, for returning the second plate to the ready position. 2. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, wherein the connector comprises a clip. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, wherein the plate fastener comprises a floor cup, the floor cup being resiliently compressible, wherein the floor cup is configured for pressing between the first plate and the floor for suctionally fastening the first plate to the floor. 6. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, further including:
a wedge coupled to the upper face of the first plate and positioned between the tab and the second plate, the wedge having an upper surface, the upper surface extending arcuately from the first plate proximate to the tab, such that the upper surface is distal from the first plate proximate to the second plate; and the wire being positioned over the wedge. 7. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 1, further including a cable fastener configured to be mountable to the tank of the toilet and to be selectively engageable to the sheath such that the sheath is retained proximate to the tank. 8. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 7, wherein the cable fastener comprises a cable cup having a protrusion coupled thereto, the cable cup and the protrusion being resilient, wherein the cable cup is configured for pressing against the tank for coupling it thereto, the protrusion extending from the cable cup and having a slot positioned therein, such that the slot is positioned for inserting the sheath for engaging the sheath to the protrusion. 9. A toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination comprising:
a toilet comprising a tank having a handle engaged thereto for flushing the toilet; a bracket mounted to the tank of the toilet proximate to the handle, wherein the bracket comprises a bar having an upper end and a lower end, the bar being hook shaped proximate to the upper end and hooked to a lip of the tank of the toilet; a connector engaged to the bracket and connected to the handle of the toilet; a pedal assembly configured to be mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet; a cable assembly coupled to and extending between the connector and the pedal assembly, wherein the pedal assembly is configured for pressing by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly for transferring a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet; the lower end of the bar having a rim engaged thereto and extending perpendicularly therefrom, the rim having a first hole positioned therethrough; a ring coupled to the bar between the rim and the upper end, the ring extending from the bar codirectionally with the rim; the pedal assembly comprising:
a first plate,
a second plate pivotally engaged to an upper face of the first plate equally distant from a front edge and a rear edge of the first plate,
a plate fastener engaged to a lower face of the first plate and being configured for fastening the first plate to the floor proximate to the toilet, and
a tab coupled to and extending perpendicularly from the upper face of the first plate proximate to the front edge of the first plate, the tab having a second hole positioned therethrough; and
the cable assembly comprising:
a sheath coupled to the rim and the tab and extending between the first hole and the second hole, the sheath being non-compressible along a longitudinal axis thereof,
a wire positioned through the sheath and extending through the first hole and the second hole, the wire being coupled to the connector and the second plate, and
a spring positioned around the wire between the rim and the ring, the spring being coupled to the wire distal from the rim, such that the spring biases the second plate to a ready position wherein the second plate is transverse to the first plate, wherein the spring is configured for tensioning as the second plate is depressed toward the first plate by the foot of the user concurrent with the wire transferring the downward force to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, and wherein the spring is configured for rebounding, upon removal of the foot of the user from the second plate, for returning the second plate to the ready position. 10. The toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination of claim 9, wherein the connector comprises a clip. 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. The toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination of claim 9, wherein the plate fastener comprises a floor cup, the floor cup being resiliently compressible, wherein the floor cup is configured for pressing between the first plate and the floor for suctionally fastening the first plate to the floor. 14. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 9, further including:
a wedge coupled to the upper face of the first plate and positioned between the tab and the second plate, the wedge having an upper surface, the upper surface extending arcuately from the first plate proximate to the tab, such that the upper surface is distal from the first plate proximate to the second plate; and the wire being positioned over the wedge. 15. The toilet and foot actuated toilet flushing device combination of claim 9, further including a cable fastener mounted to the tank of the toilet and to engaged to the sheath such that the sheath is retained proximate to the tank. 16. The foot actuated toilet flushing device of claim 15, wherein the cable fastener comprises a cable cup having a protrusion coupled thereto, the cable cup and the protrusion being resilient, the cable cup being suctionally mounted to the tank, the protrusion extending from the cable cup and having a slot positioned therein, the sheath such that being positioned in the slot. 17. A foot actuated toilet flushing device comprising:
a bracket configured to be mountable to a tank of a toilet proximate to a handle of the toilet, the bracket comprising a bar having an upper end and a lower end, the bar being hook shaped proximate to the upper end, wherein the upper end of the bar is configured for hooking to a lip of the tank of the toilet, the lower end having a rim engaged thereto and extending perpendicularly therefrom, the rim having a first hole positioned therethrough; a ring coupled to the bar between the rim and the upper end, the ring extending from the bar codirectionally with the rim; a connector engaged to the bracket and being configured to be connected to the handle of the toilet, the connector comprising a clip; a pedal assembly configured to be mountable to a floor proximate to the toilet, the pedal assembly comprising:
a first plate,
a second plate pivotally engaged to an upper face of the first plate equally distant from a front edge and a rear edge of the first plate,
a plate fastener engaged to a lower face of the first plate and being configured for fastening the first plate to the floor proximate to the toilet, the plate fastener comprising a floor cup, the floor cup being resiliently compressible, wherein the floor cup is configured for pressing between the first plate and the floor for suctionally fastening the first plate to the floor,
a tab coupled to and extending substantially perpendicularly from the upper face of the first plate proximate to the front edge of the first plate, the tab having a second hole positioned therethrough, and
a wedge coupled to the upper face of the first plate and positioned between the tab and the second plate, the wedge having an upper surface, the upper surface extending arcuately from the first plate proximate to the tab, such that the upper surface is distal from the first plate proximate to the second plate;
a cable assembly coupled to and extending between the connector and the pedal assembly, wherein the pedal assembly is configured for pressing by a foot of a user, positioning the cable assembly for transferring a downward force applied to the pedal assembly to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, the cable assembly comprising:
a sheath coupled to the rim and the tab and extending between the first hole and the second hole, the sheath being non-compressible along a longitudinal axis thereof,
a wire positioned through the sheath and extending through the first hole and the second hole, the wire being coupled to the connector and the second plate, the wire being positioned over the wedge, and
a spring positioned around the wire between the rim and the ring, the spring being coupled to the wire distal from the rim, such that the spring biases the second plate to a ready position wherein the second plate is transverse to the first plate, wherein the spring is configured for tensioning as the second plate is depressed toward the first plate by the foot of the user concurrent with the wire transferring the downward force to the handle of the toilet for flushing the toilet, and wherein the spring is configured for rebounding, upon removal of the foot of the user from the second plate, for returning the second plate to the ready position; and
a cable fastener configured to be mountable to the tank of the toilet and to be selectively engageable to the sheath such that the sheath is retained proximate to the tank, the cable fastener comprising a cable cup having a protrusion coupled thereto, the cable cup and the protrusion being resilient, wherein the cable cup is configured for pressing against the tank for coupling it thereto, the protrusion extending from the cable cup and having a slot positioned therein, such that the slot is positioned for inserting the sheath for engaging the sheath to the protrusion. | 2,100 |
341,578 | 16,801,922 | 2,173 | Methods and apparatus are disclosed regarding an e-commerce system having social networking aspects. The e-commerce system leverages such social networking aspects to help promote the sale of products. | 1. A method, comprising:
maintaining a customer profile for each customer of a plurality of customers, wherein each customer profile comprises an owned catalog identifying products that are owned by the respective customer and a wanted catalog identifying products that the respective customer wants to own; in response to activity of a first customer of the plurality of customers, identifying a product that is present in the wanted catalog for the first customer and in the owned catalog for a second customer of the plurality of customers; and providing, to the first customer, information regarding the identified product including an indication that the identified product is wanted by the first customer and owned by the second customer and a contact control that permits the first customer to request product feedback from the second customer regarding the identified product. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
maintaining, in the customer profile for each customer of the plurality of customers, relationship designations that identify personal relationships between the respective customer and other customers of the plurality of customers; and selecting the second customer based on relationship designations of the first customer identifying a personal relationship between the first customer and the second customer. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying additional products that are present in the wanted catalog for the first customer and in the owned catalog for the second customer; and providing to the first customer information regarding the identified additional products including an indication that the identified additional products are also in the wanted catalog of the first customer and the owned catalog of the second customer. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer via an e-mail message in response to activation of the contact control. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer via an instant message in response to activation of the contact control. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer via a comment placed in a page associated with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. 8. A computer readable medium comprising a plurality of instructions, that in response to being executed, cause a computing system to:
receive a request of a first customer for information about a second customer; compare an owned catalog of the first customer to an owned catalog for the second customer to identify products mutually owned by the first customer and the second customer; compare a wanted catalog of the first customer to a wanted catalog for the second customer to identify products mutually wanted by the first customer and the second customer; compare a liked catalog of the first customer to a liked catalog for the second customer to identify products mutually liked by the first customer and the second customer; and provide to the first customer information regarding the identified mutually owned products, the identified mutually wanted products, and the identified mutually liked products. 9. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to:
provide the information regarding the identified mutually owned products by presenting a product identifier for each mutually owned product; and provide the information regarding the identified mutually wanted products by presenting a product identifier for each mutually wanted product. 10. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to:
provide the information regarding the identified mutually owned products by presenting a total count of the mutually owned products and a product identifier for a subset of the mutually owned products; and provide the information regarding the identified mutually wanted products by presenting a total count of the mutually wanted products and a product identifier for a subset of the mutually wanted products. 11. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to further provide a contact control that, in response to being activated, initiates a communication from the first customer to the second customer regarding the identified mutually owned products, the identified mutually wanted products, or the identified mutually liked products. 12. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to initiate the communication via an e-mail message. 13. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to initiate the communication via an instant message. 14. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to initiate the communication via a comment placed in a page associated with the second customer. 15. A computing system, comprising:
a mass storage device configured to store a customer profile for each customer of a plurality of customers, wherein each customer profile comprises an owned catalog identifying products that are owned by the respective customer and a wanted catalog identifying products that the respective customer wants to own; a network interface configured to transmit information; and a processor configured to:
identify, in response to activity of a first customer of the plurality of customers, a product that is present in the owned catalog for the first customer and in the wanted catalog for a second customer of the plurality of customers; and
cause the network interface to transmit information to the first customer regarding the identified product including an indication that the identified product is owned by the first customer and wanted by the second customer, and a contact control that permits the first customer to send product feedback to the second customer regarding the identified product. 16. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify additional products that are present in the owned catalog for the first customer and in the wanted catalog for the second customer; and cause the network interface to transmit to the first customer information regarding the identified additional products including an indication that the identified additional products are also in the owned catalog of the first customer and the wanted catalog of the second customer. 17. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. 18. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer via an e-mail message in response to activation of the contact control. 19. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer via an instant message in response to activation of the contact control. 20. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer via a comment placed in a page associated with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. | Methods and apparatus are disclosed regarding an e-commerce system having social networking aspects. The e-commerce system leverages such social networking aspects to help promote the sale of products.1. A method, comprising:
maintaining a customer profile for each customer of a plurality of customers, wherein each customer profile comprises an owned catalog identifying products that are owned by the respective customer and a wanted catalog identifying products that the respective customer wants to own; in response to activity of a first customer of the plurality of customers, identifying a product that is present in the wanted catalog for the first customer and in the owned catalog for a second customer of the plurality of customers; and providing, to the first customer, information regarding the identified product including an indication that the identified product is wanted by the first customer and owned by the second customer and a contact control that permits the first customer to request product feedback from the second customer regarding the identified product. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
maintaining, in the customer profile for each customer of the plurality of customers, relationship designations that identify personal relationships between the respective customer and other customers of the plurality of customers; and selecting the second customer based on relationship designations of the first customer identifying a personal relationship between the first customer and the second customer. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying additional products that are present in the wanted catalog for the first customer and in the owned catalog for the second customer; and providing to the first customer information regarding the identified additional products including an indication that the identified additional products are also in the wanted catalog of the first customer and the owned catalog of the second customer. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer via an e-mail message in response to activation of the contact control. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer via an instant message in response to activation of the contact control. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising initiating communication with the second customer via a comment placed in a page associated with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. 8. A computer readable medium comprising a plurality of instructions, that in response to being executed, cause a computing system to:
receive a request of a first customer for information about a second customer; compare an owned catalog of the first customer to an owned catalog for the second customer to identify products mutually owned by the first customer and the second customer; compare a wanted catalog of the first customer to a wanted catalog for the second customer to identify products mutually wanted by the first customer and the second customer; compare a liked catalog of the first customer to a liked catalog for the second customer to identify products mutually liked by the first customer and the second customer; and provide to the first customer information regarding the identified mutually owned products, the identified mutually wanted products, and the identified mutually liked products. 9. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to:
provide the information regarding the identified mutually owned products by presenting a product identifier for each mutually owned product; and provide the information regarding the identified mutually wanted products by presenting a product identifier for each mutually wanted product. 10. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to:
provide the information regarding the identified mutually owned products by presenting a total count of the mutually owned products and a product identifier for a subset of the mutually owned products; and provide the information regarding the identified mutually wanted products by presenting a total count of the mutually wanted products and a product identifier for a subset of the mutually wanted products. 11. The computer readable medium of claim 8, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to further provide a contact control that, in response to being activated, initiates a communication from the first customer to the second customer regarding the identified mutually owned products, the identified mutually wanted products, or the identified mutually liked products. 12. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to initiate the communication via an e-mail message. 13. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to initiate the communication via an instant message. 14. The computer readable medium of claim 11, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the computing system to initiate the communication via a comment placed in a page associated with the second customer. 15. A computing system, comprising:
a mass storage device configured to store a customer profile for each customer of a plurality of customers, wherein each customer profile comprises an owned catalog identifying products that are owned by the respective customer and a wanted catalog identifying products that the respective customer wants to own; a network interface configured to transmit information; and a processor configured to:
identify, in response to activity of a first customer of the plurality of customers, a product that is present in the owned catalog for the first customer and in the wanted catalog for a second customer of the plurality of customers; and
cause the network interface to transmit information to the first customer regarding the identified product including an indication that the identified product is owned by the first customer and wanted by the second customer, and a contact control that permits the first customer to send product feedback to the second customer regarding the identified product. 16. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify additional products that are present in the owned catalog for the first customer and in the wanted catalog for the second customer; and cause the network interface to transmit to the first customer information regarding the identified additional products including an indication that the identified additional products are also in the owned catalog of the first customer and the wanted catalog of the second customer. 17. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. 18. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer via an e-mail message in response to activation of the contact control. 19. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer via an instant message in response to activation of the contact control. 20. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to initiate communication with the second customer via a comment placed in a page associated with the second customer in response to activation of the contact control. | 2,100 |
341,579 | 16,801,903 | 2,173 | Provided is a socket which includes: an outer socket, an inner socket arranged to face an inner periphery of the outer socket, a coil spring (urging member) configured to urge the inner socket toward one end of the outer socket, and a lock/unlock mechanism configured to restrict the inner socket displaced toward the other end of the outer socket against an urging force of the coil spring from being rotated with respect to the outer socket. | 1. A socket comprising:
an outer socket having a substantially cylindrical shape, an inner socket having a substantially cylindrical shape and arranged to face an inner periphery of the outer socket; an urging member configured to urge the inner socket toward one end of the outer socket; and a lock/unlock mechanism configured to allow the inner socket positioned at the one end of the outer socket by the urging member to be rotated with respect to the outer socket, and to restrict the inner socket displaced toward the other end of the outer socket against an urging force of the urging member from being rotated with respect to the outer socket, wherein a connection part to be connected with a rotating tool is formed at either one end in an axial direction of the socket, and a fitting part to be connected with a fastener is formed at the other end. 2. The socket as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fitting part protrudes in the axial direction of the socket with respect to a socket body, in an unlocked state of the inner socket where the lock/unlock mechanism allows the inner socket to be rotated with respect to the outer socket. 3. The socket as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the lock/unlock mechanism includes an intermediate member having a substantially cylindrical shape arranged between the outer socket and the inner socket, and wherein the intermediate member, together with the inner socket, is urged to the one end of the outer socket by the urging member, and, when the intermediate member is displaced toward the other end of the outer socket against the urging force of the urging member, the intermediate member is wedged between the outer socket and the inner socket so that a torque of the rotating tool inputted through the connection part is transmittable between the outer socket and the inner socket. 4. The socket as claimed in claim 3,
wherein the intermediate member includes a rolling bearing including a plurality of rolling elements and a retainer configured to hold the rolling elements so as to be arranged in a circumferential direction, and wherein the rolling elements are wedged by a wedge effect at tapered parts formed by opposing surfaces of the outer socket and the inner socket so that the torque of the rotating tool inputted through the connection part is transmittable between the outer socket and the inner socket. 5. The socket as claimed in claim 4,
wherein the retainer includes a protrusion to protrude toward the outer socket, wherein an inner peripheral surface of the outer socket includes a restriction part configured to engage with the protrusion to restrict the rolling bearing from being moved in a circumferential direction, and wherein the restriction part restricts the rolling bearing from being moved in the circumferential direction with respect to the outer socket so that the rolling elements are prohibited from being wedged by the wedge effect at the tapered parts so as to maintain an unlocked state of the inner socket. 6. The socket as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rolling elements are needle bearings, and the tapered parts are formed with V-shaped grooves which are formed to be arranged circumferentially and to extend along a longitudinal length of the socket so as to respectively correspond to the plurality of needle bearings. 7. The socket as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the outer socket includes a circumferential groove in which the protrusion of the retainer is fitted to allow the rolling bearing to be moved in the circumferential direction, and the restriction part formed of a straight groove which extends in the axial direction of the socket to continue to the circumferential groove and which has the protrusion of the retainer fitted therein to restrict the rolling bearing from being moved in the circumferential direction. | Provided is a socket which includes: an outer socket, an inner socket arranged to face an inner periphery of the outer socket, a coil spring (urging member) configured to urge the inner socket toward one end of the outer socket, and a lock/unlock mechanism configured to restrict the inner socket displaced toward the other end of the outer socket against an urging force of the coil spring from being rotated with respect to the outer socket.1. A socket comprising:
an outer socket having a substantially cylindrical shape, an inner socket having a substantially cylindrical shape and arranged to face an inner periphery of the outer socket; an urging member configured to urge the inner socket toward one end of the outer socket; and a lock/unlock mechanism configured to allow the inner socket positioned at the one end of the outer socket by the urging member to be rotated with respect to the outer socket, and to restrict the inner socket displaced toward the other end of the outer socket against an urging force of the urging member from being rotated with respect to the outer socket, wherein a connection part to be connected with a rotating tool is formed at either one end in an axial direction of the socket, and a fitting part to be connected with a fastener is formed at the other end. 2. The socket as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fitting part protrudes in the axial direction of the socket with respect to a socket body, in an unlocked state of the inner socket where the lock/unlock mechanism allows the inner socket to be rotated with respect to the outer socket. 3. The socket as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the lock/unlock mechanism includes an intermediate member having a substantially cylindrical shape arranged between the outer socket and the inner socket, and wherein the intermediate member, together with the inner socket, is urged to the one end of the outer socket by the urging member, and, when the intermediate member is displaced toward the other end of the outer socket against the urging force of the urging member, the intermediate member is wedged between the outer socket and the inner socket so that a torque of the rotating tool inputted through the connection part is transmittable between the outer socket and the inner socket. 4. The socket as claimed in claim 3,
wherein the intermediate member includes a rolling bearing including a plurality of rolling elements and a retainer configured to hold the rolling elements so as to be arranged in a circumferential direction, and wherein the rolling elements are wedged by a wedge effect at tapered parts formed by opposing surfaces of the outer socket and the inner socket so that the torque of the rotating tool inputted through the connection part is transmittable between the outer socket and the inner socket. 5. The socket as claimed in claim 4,
wherein the retainer includes a protrusion to protrude toward the outer socket, wherein an inner peripheral surface of the outer socket includes a restriction part configured to engage with the protrusion to restrict the rolling bearing from being moved in a circumferential direction, and wherein the restriction part restricts the rolling bearing from being moved in the circumferential direction with respect to the outer socket so that the rolling elements are prohibited from being wedged by the wedge effect at the tapered parts so as to maintain an unlocked state of the inner socket. 6. The socket as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rolling elements are needle bearings, and the tapered parts are formed with V-shaped grooves which are formed to be arranged circumferentially and to extend along a longitudinal length of the socket so as to respectively correspond to the plurality of needle bearings. 7. The socket as claimed in claim 5, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the outer socket includes a circumferential groove in which the protrusion of the retainer is fitted to allow the rolling bearing to be moved in the circumferential direction, and the restriction part formed of a straight groove which extends in the axial direction of the socket to continue to the circumferential groove and which has the protrusion of the retainer fitted therein to restrict the rolling bearing from being moved in the circumferential direction. | 2,100 |
341,580 | 16,801,900 | 2,173 | A vehicle seat includes: a fixed frame; a tower frame arranged at a position offset from the fixed frame toward a first side along a seat-width direction; a recliner arranged between the tower frame and the fixed frame; a tilt restriction mechanism arranged opposite to the recliner relative to the fixed frame; and an abutting member arranged on a same side as the tilt restriction mechanism relative to the fixed frame. | 1. A vehicle seat to be mounted in a vehicle, the vehicle seat comprising:
a fixed frame; a tower frame configuring a part of a back frame, the tower frame extending in an approximately up-down direction and being arranged at a position offset from the fixed frame toward a first side along a seat-width direction; a recliner configured to allow the tower frame to be rotated relative to the fixed frame, the recliner being arranged between the tower frame and the fixed frame; a tilt restriction mechanism arranged opposite to the recliner along the seat-width direction relative to the fixed frame, the tilt restriction mechanism comprising a restriction member to maintain a state, in which the back frame is tilted toward a seat front side by a specified angle; and an abutting member arranged on a same side as the tilt restriction mechanism relative to the fixed frame and configured to be displaced integrally with the tower frame, the abutting member being configured to contact the restriction member to thereby maintain a tilt angle of the tower frame. 2. The vehicle seat according to claim 1, further comprising:
an engagement member secured to the tower frame and extending from the tower frame toward a side where the tilt restriction mechanism is arranged; and an engaged portion provided to the abutting member and configured to be engaged with the engagement member thereby to transmit rotation of the tower frame to the abutting member. | A vehicle seat includes: a fixed frame; a tower frame arranged at a position offset from the fixed frame toward a first side along a seat-width direction; a recliner arranged between the tower frame and the fixed frame; a tilt restriction mechanism arranged opposite to the recliner relative to the fixed frame; and an abutting member arranged on a same side as the tilt restriction mechanism relative to the fixed frame.1. A vehicle seat to be mounted in a vehicle, the vehicle seat comprising:
a fixed frame; a tower frame configuring a part of a back frame, the tower frame extending in an approximately up-down direction and being arranged at a position offset from the fixed frame toward a first side along a seat-width direction; a recliner configured to allow the tower frame to be rotated relative to the fixed frame, the recliner being arranged between the tower frame and the fixed frame; a tilt restriction mechanism arranged opposite to the recliner along the seat-width direction relative to the fixed frame, the tilt restriction mechanism comprising a restriction member to maintain a state, in which the back frame is tilted toward a seat front side by a specified angle; and an abutting member arranged on a same side as the tilt restriction mechanism relative to the fixed frame and configured to be displaced integrally with the tower frame, the abutting member being configured to contact the restriction member to thereby maintain a tilt angle of the tower frame. 2. The vehicle seat according to claim 1, further comprising:
an engagement member secured to the tower frame and extending from the tower frame toward a side where the tilt restriction mechanism is arranged; and an engaged portion provided to the abutting member and configured to be engaged with the engagement member thereby to transmit rotation of the tower frame to the abutting member. | 2,100 |
341,581 | 16,801,894 | 2,173 | A 3D printing device includes a printing substrate, a movable printing head configured for additively producing from a modelling material a component on the printing substrate, and a flexible printing space cover which, proceeding from the printing head, spans the printing substrate such that a closed printing space is formed between the printing head and the printing substrate, wherein a printing nozzle of the printing head for applying the modelling material protrudes into the printing space. A support structure of the device includes flexible support rods which run from the printing head to the printing substrate and which hold the printing space cover above the printing substrate. | 1. A 3D printing device comprising:
a printing substrate; a movable printing head which is configured for additively producing from a modelling material a component on the printing substrate; a flexible printing space cover which, proceeding from the printing head, spans the printing substrate such that a closed printing space is formed between the printing head and the printing substrate, wherein a printing nozzle of the printing head for applying the modelling material protrudes into the printing space; and a support structure which comprises flexible support rods which run from the printing head to the printing substrate and which hold the printing space cover above the printing substrate. 2. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover comprises an at least single-ply film. 3. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein the printing space cover comprises a two-ply film which has an intermediate space capable of being filled. 4. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover is fastened to the printing head and/or the printing substrate by a repeatedly releasable closure tape. 5. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover can be opened by way of a repeatedly releasable closure tape, wherein the closure tape runs from the printing head along the printing space cover to the printing substrate. 6. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing head has a fastening ring in which the support rods are mounted. 7. The 3D printing device according to claim 6, wherein the printing space cover is fastened to the fastening ring. 8. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover has a controllable gas conduit by way of which an internal pressure of the printing space is capable of being set in relation to an ambient pressure of the 3D printing device. 9. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing head is configured to be movable along at least one translation axis and/or along at least one rotation axis. 10. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing head is configured as an end effector of an industrial robot. 11. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing substrate forms a surface of an aircraft structure. | A 3D printing device includes a printing substrate, a movable printing head configured for additively producing from a modelling material a component on the printing substrate, and a flexible printing space cover which, proceeding from the printing head, spans the printing substrate such that a closed printing space is formed between the printing head and the printing substrate, wherein a printing nozzle of the printing head for applying the modelling material protrudes into the printing space. A support structure of the device includes flexible support rods which run from the printing head to the printing substrate and which hold the printing space cover above the printing substrate.1. A 3D printing device comprising:
a printing substrate; a movable printing head which is configured for additively producing from a modelling material a component on the printing substrate; a flexible printing space cover which, proceeding from the printing head, spans the printing substrate such that a closed printing space is formed between the printing head and the printing substrate, wherein a printing nozzle of the printing head for applying the modelling material protrudes into the printing space; and a support structure which comprises flexible support rods which run from the printing head to the printing substrate and which hold the printing space cover above the printing substrate. 2. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover comprises an at least single-ply film. 3. The 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein the printing space cover comprises a two-ply film which has an intermediate space capable of being filled. 4. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover is fastened to the printing head and/or the printing substrate by a repeatedly releasable closure tape. 5. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover can be opened by way of a repeatedly releasable closure tape, wherein the closure tape runs from the printing head along the printing space cover to the printing substrate. 6. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing head has a fastening ring in which the support rods are mounted. 7. The 3D printing device according to claim 6, wherein the printing space cover is fastened to the fastening ring. 8. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing space cover has a controllable gas conduit by way of which an internal pressure of the printing space is capable of being set in relation to an ambient pressure of the 3D printing device. 9. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing head is configured to be movable along at least one translation axis and/or along at least one rotation axis. 10. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing head is configured as an end effector of an industrial robot. 11. The 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the printing substrate forms a surface of an aircraft structure. | 2,100 |
341,582 | 16,801,901 | 3,674 | The disclosure relates to a carriage apparatus for carrying a tool string down a wellbore in a wireline logging, and an orientation apparatus and hole finder device for a wireline logging tool string. In some embodiments the carriage includes a protection structure which extends longitudinally around a wheel of the apparatus to thereby prevent a side of the wheel from contacting a wall of the wellbore. In some embodiments an orientation apparatus and hole finder are arranged so that the orientation apparatus orientates the hole finder device in the wellbore so that a tip of a nose section of the hole finder is elevated above a low side of the wellbore by a height and offset from and above a longitudinal axis of the tool string. | 1. A sensor transportation apparatus to convey an elongate sensor assembly through a wellbore, the sensor transportation apparatus comprising at least one engagement structure to connect the sensor transportation apparatus to the elongate sensor assembly, and one or more wheels arranged to rotate about an axis of rotation perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly when the sensor transportation apparatus is connected to the elongate sensor assembly, and at least one protection structure which extends longitudinally around the wheel, to thereby prevent a side of the wheel from contacting a wall of the wellbore, wherein the wheel extends above and below the protection structure. 2. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein each wheel is mounted on a stub axle. 3. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 2, wherein each stub axle is engaged with the protection structure or is integral with the protection structure. 4. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the protection structure has a height which is less than a radius of the wheel. 5. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein there is a clearance space between the surface of the wheel which is at the radial extremity of the wheel relative to the axis of rotation, and a body of the sensor transportation apparatus, of at least 4 mm. 6. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein there is a clearance space between the surface of the wheel which is at the radial extremity of the wheel relative to the axis of rotation, and an inner surface of the protection structure, of at least 4 mm. 7. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises an orientation structure an orientation structure defining a form having a transverse outline which has a rotational centre, wherein the rotational centre is offset from a centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly so that, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus is oriented in a most stable position with the centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly below the rotational centre. 8. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the lateral extremities of the orientation structure lie on a circular imaginary curve which is centred at the rotational centre. 9. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus has only one stable orientation. 10. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein a rotational axis of each said wheel is above the centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly when the sensor transportation apparatus is in a horizontal orientation. 11. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the orientation structure comprises at least one laterally extending orientation projection. 12. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 11, wherein the protection structure is a laterally extending orientation projection. 13. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 11, wherein the orientation structure further comprises at least one of the wheels. 14. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the elongate sensor assembly comprises a sampling tool oriented to take a sample from a high-side of the wellbore with the sensor transportation apparatus in the most stable position. 15. A guide device for guiding an elongate sensor assembly in a wellbore and an orientation structure for orientating the guide device in the wellbore, the guide device comprising:
a base adapted to engage an end of the elongate sensor assembly and a nose section having a tip which is offset from the longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly when the guide device is engaged with said elongate sensor assembly, wherein the nose section projects away from the base at a fixed angle to a longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly when the base is engaged with said elongate sensor assembly, and wherein in use the orientation structure orientates the guide device in the wellbore so that the tip of the nose section is elevated above a low side of the wellbore by a height and offset from and above the longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly. 16. The guide device of claim 15 wherein the fixed angle can be pre-set to one of a plurality of settings. 17. The guide device of claim 16, wherein the guide device comprises a locking pin engageable with the base and the nose section to lock the nose section at a selected setting. 18. The guide device of claim 3, wherein the nose section comprises a locking member provided with a plurality of locking pin apertures and the base comprises a plurality of locking pin apertures to lock the nose section at a selected setting with the locking pin. 19. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 15, wherein the apparatus comprises an orientation structure an orientation structure defining a form having a transverse outline which has a rotational centre, wherein the rotational centre is offset from a centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly so that, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus is oriented in a most stable position with the centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly below the rotational centre. 20. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 19, wherein, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus has only one stable orientation. | The disclosure relates to a carriage apparatus for carrying a tool string down a wellbore in a wireline logging, and an orientation apparatus and hole finder device for a wireline logging tool string. In some embodiments the carriage includes a protection structure which extends longitudinally around a wheel of the apparatus to thereby prevent a side of the wheel from contacting a wall of the wellbore. In some embodiments an orientation apparatus and hole finder are arranged so that the orientation apparatus orientates the hole finder device in the wellbore so that a tip of a nose section of the hole finder is elevated above a low side of the wellbore by a height and offset from and above a longitudinal axis of the tool string.1. A sensor transportation apparatus to convey an elongate sensor assembly through a wellbore, the sensor transportation apparatus comprising at least one engagement structure to connect the sensor transportation apparatus to the elongate sensor assembly, and one or more wheels arranged to rotate about an axis of rotation perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly when the sensor transportation apparatus is connected to the elongate sensor assembly, and at least one protection structure which extends longitudinally around the wheel, to thereby prevent a side of the wheel from contacting a wall of the wellbore, wherein the wheel extends above and below the protection structure. 2. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein each wheel is mounted on a stub axle. 3. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 2, wherein each stub axle is engaged with the protection structure or is integral with the protection structure. 4. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the protection structure has a height which is less than a radius of the wheel. 5. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein there is a clearance space between the surface of the wheel which is at the radial extremity of the wheel relative to the axis of rotation, and a body of the sensor transportation apparatus, of at least 4 mm. 6. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein there is a clearance space between the surface of the wheel which is at the radial extremity of the wheel relative to the axis of rotation, and an inner surface of the protection structure, of at least 4 mm. 7. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises an orientation structure an orientation structure defining a form having a transverse outline which has a rotational centre, wherein the rotational centre is offset from a centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly so that, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus is oriented in a most stable position with the centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly below the rotational centre. 8. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the lateral extremities of the orientation structure lie on a circular imaginary curve which is centred at the rotational centre. 9. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus has only one stable orientation. 10. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein a rotational axis of each said wheel is above the centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly when the sensor transportation apparatus is in a horizontal orientation. 11. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the orientation structure comprises at least one laterally extending orientation projection. 12. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 11, wherein the protection structure is a laterally extending orientation projection. 13. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 11, wherein the orientation structure further comprises at least one of the wheels. 14. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 7, wherein the elongate sensor assembly comprises a sampling tool oriented to take a sample from a high-side of the wellbore with the sensor transportation apparatus in the most stable position. 15. A guide device for guiding an elongate sensor assembly in a wellbore and an orientation structure for orientating the guide device in the wellbore, the guide device comprising:
a base adapted to engage an end of the elongate sensor assembly and a nose section having a tip which is offset from the longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly when the guide device is engaged with said elongate sensor assembly, wherein the nose section projects away from the base at a fixed angle to a longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly when the base is engaged with said elongate sensor assembly, and wherein in use the orientation structure orientates the guide device in the wellbore so that the tip of the nose section is elevated above a low side of the wellbore by a height and offset from and above the longitudinal axis of the elongate sensor assembly. 16. The guide device of claim 15 wherein the fixed angle can be pre-set to one of a plurality of settings. 17. The guide device of claim 16, wherein the guide device comprises a locking pin engageable with the base and the nose section to lock the nose section at a selected setting. 18. The guide device of claim 3, wherein the nose section comprises a locking member provided with a plurality of locking pin apertures and the base comprises a plurality of locking pin apertures to lock the nose section at a selected setting with the locking pin. 19. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 15, wherein the apparatus comprises an orientation structure an orientation structure defining a form having a transverse outline which has a rotational centre, wherein the rotational centre is offset from a centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly so that, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus is oriented in a most stable position with the centre of mass of the elongate sensor assembly below the rotational centre. 20. The sensor transportation apparatus of claim 19, wherein, in use, the sensor transportation apparatus has only one stable orientation. | 3,600 |
341,583 | 16,801,939 | 3,674 | A gameplay system for providing interactivity based on a piece of merchandise or other object held or worn by a player. Th system includes an object identification assembly, which may be a modified computer vision system, that operates to sense, for a gameplay participant, the presence and identity of a particular augmenting object such as themed merchandise worn or held by a rider of a theme park ride. The sensing may be performed by detecting an on-and-off pattern of light emitted from the object. In response, the gameplay system selects or modifies the interactive features of gameplay associated with the participant based on the identified augmenting object. For example, the interactive features are selected from memory by the gameplay system controller to match a character associated with the augmenting object during any interactive gameplay. This allows the gameplay participant to choose their abilities or powers for gameplay. | 1. A system for providing augmented interactive experiences, comprising:
a display system operating to present to a participant located in or proximate to a predefined space an image within an interactive experience; an augmenting object held or worn by the participant while in the predefined space, wherein the augmenting object includes a signaling assembly generating an output signal; and an object identification assembly processing the output signal to detect the augmenting object in the predefined space and to determine a location of the augmenting object in the predefined space, wherein the image presented by the display system is generated after the detection of the augmenting object by the object identification assembly and based on the location of the augmenting object. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing of the output signal further includes determining an identification of the augmenting object and wherein the image is generated based on the identification of the augmenting object. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the object identification system includes a computer vision system capturing an image of the predefined space including the participant, the augmenting object, and the output signal and wherein the output signal comprises output light from the augmenting object. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the output light comprises a pattern of light flashes at an output frequency and wherein the object identification system includes an object identification module comparing the pattern of light flashes to a plurality of predefined signaling patterns to identify a matching one of the predefined signaling patterns. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the signaling assembly comprises one or more light sources operating to emit the pattern of light. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more light sources each comprise an infrared (IR) light emitting diode (LED). 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more light sources comprise at least three LEDs mounted on a wearable base portion or shell portion of the augmenting object to be spaced apart a predefined distance from a neighboring one of the at least three LEDs. 8. The system of claim 4, wherein the object identification module processes the captured image to create a segment of the captured image that includes a portion of a body of the participant associated with the augmenting object and then processes the segment to detect the pattern of light flashes. 9. The system of claim 4, wherein the captured image comprises video of the space gathered over a time period defined to provide oversampling in detecting the pattern of light flashes and wherein the object identification module implements a sampling frequency of at least 30 Hz. 10. The system of claim 3, wherein the output signal comprises a header defining a start point of a signal followed by a message body defining an identifier for the augmenting object and wherein the object identification assembly processes the identifier in an output signal to determine a type of merchandise associated with the augmenting object. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the object identification assembly transmits an interrogation signal and wherein the signaling assembly of the augmenting object initiates generating the output signal after receipt of the interrogation signal. 12. A system for providing augmented interactive experiences, comprising:
an interactive system providing an interactive effect to a participant of an interactive experience; an object held or worn by the participant, wherein the object includes a light-based signaling assembly generating output light in a signaling light pattern; and an object identification assembly processing a captured image of a space including an imagery of the participant, the object, and the output light to detect the object in the space, wherein the signaling light pattern includes encoded information including an identifier for the object, and wherein the interactive system generates the interactive effect based on the identifier for the object. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the object identification system includes a computer vision system obtaining and processing the captured image, wherein the signaling light pattern is a pattern of light flashes, and wherein the object identification system includes logic for comparing the pattern of light flashes to a plurality of predefined signaling patterns to identify a matching one of the predefined signaling patterns. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein light-based signaling assembly includes one or more light sources each comprising an infrared (IR) light emitting diode (LED). 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the logic is adapted to process the captured image to create a segment of the captured image that includes a portion of a body of the participant associated with the object and then processes the segment to detect the pattern of light flashes. 16. A system for providing player-selected interactive functionalities, comprising:
a base toy comprising memory storing a set of base operating functions, a body, a set of operational elements mounted upon the body, and a controller operating the set of operational elements to operate to provide one or more of the set of base operating functions; and an add-on element detachably mounted upon the body, wherein the add-on element comprises memory storing a set of upgrade operating functions, and wherein the controller further operates the set of operational elements to operate to provide one or more of the set of upgrade operating functions. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the add-on element comprises a thematic component configured for mounting to an external surface of the body of the base toy and wherein the thematic component includes the memory adapted for being communicatively linked to the controller of the base toy. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the set of operational elements includes a motion assembly for moving the body of the base toy, wherein the set of base operating functions includes a speed range for the moving of the body or a set of locomotion types for the body, and wherein the set of upgrade operating functions modifies the speed range or modifies or adds to the set of locomotion types. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the set of operational elements includes a sound assembly and a light assembly, wherein the set of base operating functions includes a set of sounds for output by the sound assembly and a set of lighting parameters for use in operating the light assembly, and wherein the set of upgrade operating functions modifies or adds to at least one of the set of sounds and the set of lighting parameters. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein set of base operating functions include attacking modes, defensive modes, and life parameters for use in interactive gameplay and wherein the set of upgrade operating functions modifies or adds to at least one of the attacking modes, the defensive modes, and the life parameters. | A gameplay system for providing interactivity based on a piece of merchandise or other object held or worn by a player. Th system includes an object identification assembly, which may be a modified computer vision system, that operates to sense, for a gameplay participant, the presence and identity of a particular augmenting object such as themed merchandise worn or held by a rider of a theme park ride. The sensing may be performed by detecting an on-and-off pattern of light emitted from the object. In response, the gameplay system selects or modifies the interactive features of gameplay associated with the participant based on the identified augmenting object. For example, the interactive features are selected from memory by the gameplay system controller to match a character associated with the augmenting object during any interactive gameplay. This allows the gameplay participant to choose their abilities or powers for gameplay.1. A system for providing augmented interactive experiences, comprising:
a display system operating to present to a participant located in or proximate to a predefined space an image within an interactive experience; an augmenting object held or worn by the participant while in the predefined space, wherein the augmenting object includes a signaling assembly generating an output signal; and an object identification assembly processing the output signal to detect the augmenting object in the predefined space and to determine a location of the augmenting object in the predefined space, wherein the image presented by the display system is generated after the detection of the augmenting object by the object identification assembly and based on the location of the augmenting object. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing of the output signal further includes determining an identification of the augmenting object and wherein the image is generated based on the identification of the augmenting object. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the object identification system includes a computer vision system capturing an image of the predefined space including the participant, the augmenting object, and the output signal and wherein the output signal comprises output light from the augmenting object. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the output light comprises a pattern of light flashes at an output frequency and wherein the object identification system includes an object identification module comparing the pattern of light flashes to a plurality of predefined signaling patterns to identify a matching one of the predefined signaling patterns. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the signaling assembly comprises one or more light sources operating to emit the pattern of light. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more light sources each comprise an infrared (IR) light emitting diode (LED). 7. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more light sources comprise at least three LEDs mounted on a wearable base portion or shell portion of the augmenting object to be spaced apart a predefined distance from a neighboring one of the at least three LEDs. 8. The system of claim 4, wherein the object identification module processes the captured image to create a segment of the captured image that includes a portion of a body of the participant associated with the augmenting object and then processes the segment to detect the pattern of light flashes. 9. The system of claim 4, wherein the captured image comprises video of the space gathered over a time period defined to provide oversampling in detecting the pattern of light flashes and wherein the object identification module implements a sampling frequency of at least 30 Hz. 10. The system of claim 3, wherein the output signal comprises a header defining a start point of a signal followed by a message body defining an identifier for the augmenting object and wherein the object identification assembly processes the identifier in an output signal to determine a type of merchandise associated with the augmenting object. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the object identification assembly transmits an interrogation signal and wherein the signaling assembly of the augmenting object initiates generating the output signal after receipt of the interrogation signal. 12. A system for providing augmented interactive experiences, comprising:
an interactive system providing an interactive effect to a participant of an interactive experience; an object held or worn by the participant, wherein the object includes a light-based signaling assembly generating output light in a signaling light pattern; and an object identification assembly processing a captured image of a space including an imagery of the participant, the object, and the output light to detect the object in the space, wherein the signaling light pattern includes encoded information including an identifier for the object, and wherein the interactive system generates the interactive effect based on the identifier for the object. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the object identification system includes a computer vision system obtaining and processing the captured image, wherein the signaling light pattern is a pattern of light flashes, and wherein the object identification system includes logic for comparing the pattern of light flashes to a plurality of predefined signaling patterns to identify a matching one of the predefined signaling patterns. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein light-based signaling assembly includes one or more light sources each comprising an infrared (IR) light emitting diode (LED). 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the logic is adapted to process the captured image to create a segment of the captured image that includes a portion of a body of the participant associated with the object and then processes the segment to detect the pattern of light flashes. 16. A system for providing player-selected interactive functionalities, comprising:
a base toy comprising memory storing a set of base operating functions, a body, a set of operational elements mounted upon the body, and a controller operating the set of operational elements to operate to provide one or more of the set of base operating functions; and an add-on element detachably mounted upon the body, wherein the add-on element comprises memory storing a set of upgrade operating functions, and wherein the controller further operates the set of operational elements to operate to provide one or more of the set of upgrade operating functions. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the add-on element comprises a thematic component configured for mounting to an external surface of the body of the base toy and wherein the thematic component includes the memory adapted for being communicatively linked to the controller of the base toy. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the set of operational elements includes a motion assembly for moving the body of the base toy, wherein the set of base operating functions includes a speed range for the moving of the body or a set of locomotion types for the body, and wherein the set of upgrade operating functions modifies the speed range or modifies or adds to the set of locomotion types. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the set of operational elements includes a sound assembly and a light assembly, wherein the set of base operating functions includes a set of sounds for output by the sound assembly and a set of lighting parameters for use in operating the light assembly, and wherein the set of upgrade operating functions modifies or adds to at least one of the set of sounds and the set of lighting parameters. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein set of base operating functions include attacking modes, defensive modes, and life parameters for use in interactive gameplay and wherein the set of upgrade operating functions modifies or adds to at least one of the attacking modes, the defensive modes, and the life parameters. | 3,600 |
341,584 | 16,801,935 | 3,674 | A spring hinge base structure is provided, including: a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion; locking units each having a cover and an engagement member, each engagement member being engaged within the cover, two of the locking units being connected to opposite ends of the first tube; an elastic element, engaged with the two locking units; a second plate portion; and a shaft, disposed through the respective cover and respective engagement member, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with one of the locking units by a bump component and abutted between the second plate portion and one of the locking unit. | 1. A spring hinge base structure, comprising:
a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion fixedly connected with the first tube; a plurality of locking units, each having a cover and an engagement member which are two separate members integrally connected with each other, a center of each cover comprising a first through hole, one end of each cover comprising a groove, each first through hole positioned inside the respective groove, each engagement member being engaged inside the respective groove and comprising an engagement groove, a first one of the plurality of locking units being connected to an end of the first tube and movable together with the first tube, a second one of the plurality of locking units being located at another end of the first tube and rotatable with respect to the first tube; an elastic element, two ends thereof respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the first one and the second one of the plurality of locking units; a second plate portion, upper and lower ends of one side thereof respectively projected with a blocking portion, each blocking portion comprising a second through hole; and a shaft, disposed through one said first through hole and one said second through hole, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the second one of the plurality of locking units by a bump component which is adjustably connected to the second one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the second plate portion and the second one of the plurality of locking units. 2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, and one end of each engagement member comprises external threads engaging with the internal threads of the respective cover. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a top portion of each cover comprises a flange extending annularly, and the respective end of the first tube is abutted against one said flange. 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover is made of copper, aluminum, zinc alloy or plastic fiber, and each engagement member has stiffness and tensile strength higher than the respective cover. 5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein the first tube and each cover are made of the same material. 6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover and the respective engagement member are two separate members which are detachably assembled. 7. The structure according to claim 1, further including a second elastic element, a third plate portion and a second shaft, wherein the body is integrally formed of one piece and further includes a second tube, the first plate portion is connected between the first tube and the second tube, a third one of the plurality of locking units is connected to an end of the second tube and movable together with the second tube, a fourth one of the plurality of locking units is located at another end of the second tube and rotatable with respect to the second tube, two ends of the second elastic element are respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the third one and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units, the second shaft is disposed through one said first through hole and a respective end of the third plate portion, and the third plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the fourth one of the plurality of locking units by a second bump component which is adjustably connected to the fourth one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the third plate portion and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units. 8. The structure according to claim 7, wherein the body is formed from a single sheet member, the first plate portion includes a first end plate, an intermediate plate and a second end plate, the first tube integrally extends from a side of the first end plate, the intermediate plate integrally extends between and connects the first tube and the second tube, the second end plate integrally extends from the second tube, and the intermediate plate fixedly connected with and between the first end plate and the second end plate. 9. The structure according to claim 8, wherein the first end plate, the intermediate plate and the second end plate have substantially the same width between the first tube and the second tube. 10. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface on which one of the engagement groove is open. 11. The structure according to claim 10, wherein the respective outer circumferential surface is threaded from an end periphery thereof to a bottom of the respective engagement groove. 12. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member is slotted diametrically through the respective engagement member to form the respective engagement groove. 13. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface which includes external threads at one end for engagement with the internal threads of the respective cover and includes a non-threaded section near the external threads, and the respective engagement groove is formed by being slotted from the respective non-threaded section. 14. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the respective engagement groove is entirely within the respective non-threaded section. 15. The structure according to claim 14, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is sleeved around the respective non-threaded section, and the external threads of the respective engagement member are entirely outside the respective non-threaded section. 16. The structure according to claim 13, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is distanced from the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member annularly. 17. The structure according to claim 13, wherein as viewed in an axial direction of the respective engagement member, the external threads are entirely within the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member. | A spring hinge base structure is provided, including: a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion; locking units each having a cover and an engagement member, each engagement member being engaged within the cover, two of the locking units being connected to opposite ends of the first tube; an elastic element, engaged with the two locking units; a second plate portion; and a shaft, disposed through the respective cover and respective engagement member, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with one of the locking units by a bump component and abutted between the second plate portion and one of the locking unit.1. A spring hinge base structure, comprising:
a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion fixedly connected with the first tube; a plurality of locking units, each having a cover and an engagement member which are two separate members integrally connected with each other, a center of each cover comprising a first through hole, one end of each cover comprising a groove, each first through hole positioned inside the respective groove, each engagement member being engaged inside the respective groove and comprising an engagement groove, a first one of the plurality of locking units being connected to an end of the first tube and movable together with the first tube, a second one of the plurality of locking units being located at another end of the first tube and rotatable with respect to the first tube; an elastic element, two ends thereof respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the first one and the second one of the plurality of locking units; a second plate portion, upper and lower ends of one side thereof respectively projected with a blocking portion, each blocking portion comprising a second through hole; and a shaft, disposed through one said first through hole and one said second through hole, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the second one of the plurality of locking units by a bump component which is adjustably connected to the second one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the second plate portion and the second one of the plurality of locking units. 2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, and one end of each engagement member comprises external threads engaging with the internal threads of the respective cover. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a top portion of each cover comprises a flange extending annularly, and the respective end of the first tube is abutted against one said flange. 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover is made of copper, aluminum, zinc alloy or plastic fiber, and each engagement member has stiffness and tensile strength higher than the respective cover. 5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein the first tube and each cover are made of the same material. 6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover and the respective engagement member are two separate members which are detachably assembled. 7. The structure according to claim 1, further including a second elastic element, a third plate portion and a second shaft, wherein the body is integrally formed of one piece and further includes a second tube, the first plate portion is connected between the first tube and the second tube, a third one of the plurality of locking units is connected to an end of the second tube and movable together with the second tube, a fourth one of the plurality of locking units is located at another end of the second tube and rotatable with respect to the second tube, two ends of the second elastic element are respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the third one and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units, the second shaft is disposed through one said first through hole and a respective end of the third plate portion, and the third plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the fourth one of the plurality of locking units by a second bump component which is adjustably connected to the fourth one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the third plate portion and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units. 8. The structure according to claim 7, wherein the body is formed from a single sheet member, the first plate portion includes a first end plate, an intermediate plate and a second end plate, the first tube integrally extends from a side of the first end plate, the intermediate plate integrally extends between and connects the first tube and the second tube, the second end plate integrally extends from the second tube, and the intermediate plate fixedly connected with and between the first end plate and the second end plate. 9. The structure according to claim 8, wherein the first end plate, the intermediate plate and the second end plate have substantially the same width between the first tube and the second tube. 10. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface on which one of the engagement groove is open. 11. The structure according to claim 10, wherein the respective outer circumferential surface is threaded from an end periphery thereof to a bottom of the respective engagement groove. 12. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member is slotted diametrically through the respective engagement member to form the respective engagement groove. 13. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface which includes external threads at one end for engagement with the internal threads of the respective cover and includes a non-threaded section near the external threads, and the respective engagement groove is formed by being slotted from the respective non-threaded section. 14. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the respective engagement groove is entirely within the respective non-threaded section. 15. The structure according to claim 14, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is sleeved around the respective non-threaded section, and the external threads of the respective engagement member are entirely outside the respective non-threaded section. 16. The structure according to claim 13, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is distanced from the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member annularly. 17. The structure according to claim 13, wherein as viewed in an axial direction of the respective engagement member, the external threads are entirely within the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member. | 3,600 |
341,585 | 16,801,923 | 3,674 | A spring hinge base structure is provided, including: a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion; locking units each having a cover and an engagement member, each engagement member being engaged within the cover, two of the locking units being connected to opposite ends of the first tube; an elastic element, engaged with the two locking units; a second plate portion; and a shaft, disposed through the respective cover and respective engagement member, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with one of the locking units by a bump component and abutted between the second plate portion and one of the locking unit. | 1. A spring hinge base structure, comprising:
a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion fixedly connected with the first tube; a plurality of locking units, each having a cover and an engagement member which are two separate members integrally connected with each other, a center of each cover comprising a first through hole, one end of each cover comprising a groove, each first through hole positioned inside the respective groove, each engagement member being engaged inside the respective groove and comprising an engagement groove, a first one of the plurality of locking units being connected to an end of the first tube and movable together with the first tube, a second one of the plurality of locking units being located at another end of the first tube and rotatable with respect to the first tube; an elastic element, two ends thereof respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the first one and the second one of the plurality of locking units; a second plate portion, upper and lower ends of one side thereof respectively projected with a blocking portion, each blocking portion comprising a second through hole; and a shaft, disposed through one said first through hole and one said second through hole, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the second one of the plurality of locking units by a bump component which is adjustably connected to the second one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the second plate portion and the second one of the plurality of locking units. 2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, and one end of each engagement member comprises external threads engaging with the internal threads of the respective cover. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a top portion of each cover comprises a flange extending annularly, and the respective end of the first tube is abutted against one said flange. 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover is made of copper, aluminum, zinc alloy or plastic fiber, and each engagement member has stiffness and tensile strength higher than the respective cover. 5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein the first tube and each cover are made of the same material. 6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover and the respective engagement member are two separate members which are detachably assembled. 7. The structure according to claim 1, further including a second elastic element, a third plate portion and a second shaft, wherein the body is integrally formed of one piece and further includes a second tube, the first plate portion is connected between the first tube and the second tube, a third one of the plurality of locking units is connected to an end of the second tube and movable together with the second tube, a fourth one of the plurality of locking units is located at another end of the second tube and rotatable with respect to the second tube, two ends of the second elastic element are respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the third one and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units, the second shaft is disposed through one said first through hole and a respective end of the third plate portion, and the third plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the fourth one of the plurality of locking units by a second bump component which is adjustably connected to the fourth one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the third plate portion and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units. 8. The structure according to claim 7, wherein the body is formed from a single sheet member, the first plate portion includes a first end plate, an intermediate plate and a second end plate, the first tube integrally extends from a side of the first end plate, the intermediate plate integrally extends between and connects the first tube and the second tube, the second end plate integrally extends from the second tube, and the intermediate plate fixedly connected with and between the first end plate and the second end plate. 9. The structure according to claim 8, wherein the first end plate, the intermediate plate and the second end plate have substantially the same width between the first tube and the second tube. 10. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface on which one of the engagement groove is open. 11. The structure according to claim 10, wherein the respective outer circumferential surface is threaded from an end periphery thereof to a bottom of the respective engagement groove. 12. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member is slotted diametrically through the respective engagement member to form the respective engagement groove. 13. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface which includes external threads at one end for engagement with the internal threads of the respective cover and includes a non-threaded section near the external threads, and the respective engagement groove is formed by being slotted from the respective non-threaded section. 14. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the respective engagement groove is entirely within the respective non-threaded section. 15. The structure according to claim 14, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is sleeved around the respective non-threaded section, and the external threads of the respective engagement member are entirely outside the respective non-threaded section. 16. The structure according to claim 13, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is distanced from the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member annularly. 17. The structure according to claim 13, wherein as viewed in an axial direction of the respective engagement member, the external threads are entirely within the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member. | A spring hinge base structure is provided, including: a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion; locking units each having a cover and an engagement member, each engagement member being engaged within the cover, two of the locking units being connected to opposite ends of the first tube; an elastic element, engaged with the two locking units; a second plate portion; and a shaft, disposed through the respective cover and respective engagement member, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with one of the locking units by a bump component and abutted between the second plate portion and one of the locking unit.1. A spring hinge base structure, comprising:
a body, having a first tube and a first plate portion fixedly connected with the first tube; a plurality of locking units, each having a cover and an engagement member which are two separate members integrally connected with each other, a center of each cover comprising a first through hole, one end of each cover comprising a groove, each first through hole positioned inside the respective groove, each engagement member being engaged inside the respective groove and comprising an engagement groove, a first one of the plurality of locking units being connected to an end of the first tube and movable together with the first tube, a second one of the plurality of locking units being located at another end of the first tube and rotatable with respect to the first tube; an elastic element, two ends thereof respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the first one and the second one of the plurality of locking units; a second plate portion, upper and lower ends of one side thereof respectively projected with a blocking portion, each blocking portion comprising a second through hole; and a shaft, disposed through one said first through hole and one said second through hole, wherein the second plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the second one of the plurality of locking units by a bump component which is adjustably connected to the second one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the second plate portion and the second one of the plurality of locking units. 2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, and one end of each engagement member comprises external threads engaging with the internal threads of the respective cover. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a top portion of each cover comprises a flange extending annularly, and the respective end of the first tube is abutted against one said flange. 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover is made of copper, aluminum, zinc alloy or plastic fiber, and each engagement member has stiffness and tensile strength higher than the respective cover. 5. The structure according to claim 4, wherein the first tube and each cover are made of the same material. 6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each cover and the respective engagement member are two separate members which are detachably assembled. 7. The structure according to claim 1, further including a second elastic element, a third plate portion and a second shaft, wherein the body is integrally formed of one piece and further includes a second tube, the first plate portion is connected between the first tube and the second tube, a third one of the plurality of locking units is connected to an end of the second tube and movable together with the second tube, a fourth one of the plurality of locking units is located at another end of the second tube and rotatable with respect to the second tube, two ends of the second elastic element are respectively engaged with the respective engagement grooves of the third one and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units, the second shaft is disposed through one said first through hole and a respective end of the third plate portion, and the third plate portion is integral and rotatably movable together with the fourth one of the plurality of locking units by a second bump component which is adjustably connected to the fourth one of the plurality of locking units and abutted between the third plate portion and the fourth one of the plurality of locking units. 8. The structure according to claim 7, wherein the body is formed from a single sheet member, the first plate portion includes a first end plate, an intermediate plate and a second end plate, the first tube integrally extends from a side of the first end plate, the intermediate plate integrally extends between and connects the first tube and the second tube, the second end plate integrally extends from the second tube, and the intermediate plate fixedly connected with and between the first end plate and the second end plate. 9. The structure according to claim 8, wherein the first end plate, the intermediate plate and the second end plate have substantially the same width between the first tube and the second tube. 10. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface on which one of the engagement groove is open. 11. The structure according to claim 10, wherein the respective outer circumferential surface is threaded from an end periphery thereof to a bottom of the respective engagement groove. 12. The structure according to claim 1, wherein each engagement member is slotted diametrically through the respective engagement member to form the respective engagement groove. 13. The structure according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the respective groove of each cover comprises internal threads, each engagement member further includes an outer circumferential surface which includes external threads at one end for engagement with the internal threads of the respective cover and includes a non-threaded section near the external threads, and the respective engagement groove is formed by being slotted from the respective non-threaded section. 14. The structure according to claim 13, wherein the respective engagement groove is entirely within the respective non-threaded section. 15. The structure according to claim 14, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is sleeved around the respective non-threaded section, and the external threads of the respective engagement member are entirely outside the respective non-threaded section. 16. The structure according to claim 13, wherein each of the two ends of the elastic element is distanced from the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member annularly. 17. The structure according to claim 13, wherein as viewed in an axial direction of the respective engagement member, the external threads are entirely within the outer circumferential surface of the respective engagement member. | 3,600 |
341,586 | 16,801,904 | 3,674 | Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method for forming a complementary field effect transistor (CFET) structure having a wrap-around contact. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, a complementary nanosheet stack is formed over a substrate. The complementary nanosheet stack includes a first nanosheet and a second nanosheet separated by a dielectric spacer. A first sacrificial layer is formed over a source or drain (S/D) region of the first nanosheet and a second sacrificial layer is formed over a S/D region of the second nanosheet. A conductive gate is formed over channel regions of the first nanosheet and the second nanosheet. After the conductive gate is formed, the first sacrificial layer is replaced with a first wrap-around contact and the second sacrificial layer is replaced with a second wrap-around contact. | 1. A method for forming a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
forming a nanosheet stack over a substrate, the nanosheet stack comprising a first nanosheet and a second nanosheet separated by a dielectric spacer; forming a first sacrificial layer over a source or drain (S/D) region of the first nanosheet; forming a second sacrificial layer over a S/D region of the second nanosheet; forming a conductive gate over channel regions of the first nanosheet and the second nanosheet; replacing the first sacrificial layer with a first wrap-around contact; and replacing the second sacrificial layer with a second wrap-around contact. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
forming the S/D region of the first nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the first nanosheet; and
forming the S/D region of the second nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the second nanosheet. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive gate is formed in a replacement metal gate (RMG) process. 4. The method of claim 3 further comprising removing the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer after the RMG process. 5. The method of claim 4 further comprising patterning the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer to provide a horizontal offset between the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
removing the first sacrificial layer comprises forming a first trench that exposes a surface of the first sacrificial layer; and removing the second sacrificial layer comprises forming a second trench that exposes a surface of the second sacrificial layer. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the S/D region of the first nanosheet comprises a p-type epitaxy and the S/D region of the second nanosheet comprises an n-type epitaxy. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein forming the nanosheet stack comprises:
forming a first nanosheet stack over the substrate, the first nanosheet stack comprising the first nanosheet and a first sacrificial layer; forming a sacrificial spacer layer on the first nanosheet stack; and forming a second nanosheet stack on the sacrificial spacer layer, the second nanosheet stack comprising the second nanosheet and a second sacrificial layer. 9. The method of claim 8 further comprising removing the sacrificial spacer layer selective to the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer to define a cavity between the first nanosheet stack and the second nanosheet stack. 10. The method of claim 9 further comprising filling the cavity with dielectric material. 11. A method for forming a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
forming a p-type nanosheet stack over a substrate, the p-type nanosheet stack comprising a first nanosheet and a second nanosheet; forming an n-type nanosheet stack over the p-type nanosheet stack, the n-type nanosheet stack comprising a third nanosheet and a fourth nanosheet; forming a first sacrificial layer over a first source or drain (S/D) region of the p-type nanosheet stack; forming an isolation dielectric on the first sacrificial layer; forming a second sacrificial layer over a second S/D region of the n-type nanosheet stack, the second sacrificial layer on the isolation dielectric; and replacing the first sacrificial layer with a first wrap-around contact and the second sacrificial layer with a second wrap-around contact. 12. The method of claim 11 further comprising forming a dielectric spacer between the p-type nanosheet stack and the n-type nanosheet stack. 13. The method of claim 11 further comprising forming the S/D region of the first nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the first nano sheet and forming the S/D region of the second nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the second nanosheet. 14. The method of claim 11 further comprising forming a conductive gate using a replacement metal gate (RMG) process. 15. The method of claim 14 further comprising removing the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer after the RMG process. 16. The method of claim 15 further comprising patterning the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer to provide a horizontal offset between the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein removing the first sacrificial layer comprises forming a first trench that exposes a surface of the first sacrificial layer and removing the second sacrificial layer comprises forming a second trench that exposes a surface of the second sacrificial layer. 18. A semiconductor device comprising:
a nanosheet stack over a substrate, the nanosheet stack comprising a top portion and a bottom portion separated by a dielectric spacer; a first source or drain (S/D) region on a sidewall of a nanosheet in the bottom portion of the nanosheet stack, the first S/D region confined to the sidewall such that the first S/D region does not merge with another S/D region in the nanosheet stack; a second S/D region on a sidewall of a nanosheet in the top portion of the nanosheet stack, the second S/D region confined to the sidewall such that the second S/D region does not merge with another S/D region in the nanosheet stack; a first wrap-around contact formed over the first S/D region; and a second wrap-around contact formed over the second S/D region. 19. The semiconductor device of claim 18, wherein the top portion is an n-type portion and the bottom portion is a p-type portion. 20. The semiconductor device of claim 18, wherein the first wrap-around contact is horizontally offset from the second wrap-around contact. | Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method for forming a complementary field effect transistor (CFET) structure having a wrap-around contact. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, a complementary nanosheet stack is formed over a substrate. The complementary nanosheet stack includes a first nanosheet and a second nanosheet separated by a dielectric spacer. A first sacrificial layer is formed over a source or drain (S/D) region of the first nanosheet and a second sacrificial layer is formed over a S/D region of the second nanosheet. A conductive gate is formed over channel regions of the first nanosheet and the second nanosheet. After the conductive gate is formed, the first sacrificial layer is replaced with a first wrap-around contact and the second sacrificial layer is replaced with a second wrap-around contact.1. A method for forming a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
forming a nanosheet stack over a substrate, the nanosheet stack comprising a first nanosheet and a second nanosheet separated by a dielectric spacer; forming a first sacrificial layer over a source or drain (S/D) region of the first nanosheet; forming a second sacrificial layer over a S/D region of the second nanosheet; forming a conductive gate over channel regions of the first nanosheet and the second nanosheet; replacing the first sacrificial layer with a first wrap-around contact; and replacing the second sacrificial layer with a second wrap-around contact. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
forming the S/D region of the first nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the first nanosheet; and
forming the S/D region of the second nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the second nanosheet. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive gate is formed in a replacement metal gate (RMG) process. 4. The method of claim 3 further comprising removing the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer after the RMG process. 5. The method of claim 4 further comprising patterning the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer to provide a horizontal offset between the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
removing the first sacrificial layer comprises forming a first trench that exposes a surface of the first sacrificial layer; and removing the second sacrificial layer comprises forming a second trench that exposes a surface of the second sacrificial layer. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the S/D region of the first nanosheet comprises a p-type epitaxy and the S/D region of the second nanosheet comprises an n-type epitaxy. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein forming the nanosheet stack comprises:
forming a first nanosheet stack over the substrate, the first nanosheet stack comprising the first nanosheet and a first sacrificial layer; forming a sacrificial spacer layer on the first nanosheet stack; and forming a second nanosheet stack on the sacrificial spacer layer, the second nanosheet stack comprising the second nanosheet and a second sacrificial layer. 9. The method of claim 8 further comprising removing the sacrificial spacer layer selective to the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer to define a cavity between the first nanosheet stack and the second nanosheet stack. 10. The method of claim 9 further comprising filling the cavity with dielectric material. 11. A method for forming a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
forming a p-type nanosheet stack over a substrate, the p-type nanosheet stack comprising a first nanosheet and a second nanosheet; forming an n-type nanosheet stack over the p-type nanosheet stack, the n-type nanosheet stack comprising a third nanosheet and a fourth nanosheet; forming a first sacrificial layer over a first source or drain (S/D) region of the p-type nanosheet stack; forming an isolation dielectric on the first sacrificial layer; forming a second sacrificial layer over a second S/D region of the n-type nanosheet stack, the second sacrificial layer on the isolation dielectric; and replacing the first sacrificial layer with a first wrap-around contact and the second sacrificial layer with a second wrap-around contact. 12. The method of claim 11 further comprising forming a dielectric spacer between the p-type nanosheet stack and the n-type nanosheet stack. 13. The method of claim 11 further comprising forming the S/D region of the first nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the first nano sheet and forming the S/D region of the second nanosheet on an exposed sidewall of the second nanosheet. 14. The method of claim 11 further comprising forming a conductive gate using a replacement metal gate (RMG) process. 15. The method of claim 14 further comprising removing the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer after the RMG process. 16. The method of claim 15 further comprising patterning the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer to provide a horizontal offset between the first sacrificial layer and the second sacrificial layer. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein removing the first sacrificial layer comprises forming a first trench that exposes a surface of the first sacrificial layer and removing the second sacrificial layer comprises forming a second trench that exposes a surface of the second sacrificial layer. 18. A semiconductor device comprising:
a nanosheet stack over a substrate, the nanosheet stack comprising a top portion and a bottom portion separated by a dielectric spacer; a first source or drain (S/D) region on a sidewall of a nanosheet in the bottom portion of the nanosheet stack, the first S/D region confined to the sidewall such that the first S/D region does not merge with another S/D region in the nanosheet stack; a second S/D region on a sidewall of a nanosheet in the top portion of the nanosheet stack, the second S/D region confined to the sidewall such that the second S/D region does not merge with another S/D region in the nanosheet stack; a first wrap-around contact formed over the first S/D region; and a second wrap-around contact formed over the second S/D region. 19. The semiconductor device of claim 18, wherein the top portion is an n-type portion and the bottom portion is a p-type portion. 20. The semiconductor device of claim 18, wherein the first wrap-around contact is horizontally offset from the second wrap-around contact. | 3,600 |
341,587 | 16,801,926 | 3,655 | When it is detected that the charging of a battery is finished, a server transmits transport-out instructions for a vehicle to a vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-out instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle, for which the charging of the battery is finished, out of a charging space. | 1. A vehicle transport system configured to transport a vehicle at a charging spot where a charging apparatus configured to charge a battery of the vehicle is provided to a charging space, the vehicle transport system comprising:
a vehicle transport apparatus including a first robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up front wheels of the vehicle, and travel throughout the charging spot and a second robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up rear wheels of the vehicle, and travel throughout the charging spot; and a server configured to monitor and manage a state of charge of the battery of the vehicle stopped in the charging space and manage activity of the vehicle transport apparatus, wherein when it is detected that the charging of the battery is finished, the server transmits transport-out instructions for the vehicle, to the vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-out instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle, for which the charging of the battery is finished, out of the charging space. 2. The vehicle transport system according to claim 1, wherein
the server transmits transport-in instructions for the vehicle that needs to charge the battery, to the vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-in instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle that needs to charge the battery, into the charging space. 3. The vehicle transport system according to claim 2, wherein
when a plurality of the vehicles need to charge the respective batteries, the server manages a charging order of the vehicles and transmits the transport-in instructions and the transport-out instructions to the vehicle transport apparatus based on the charging order. 4. The vehicle transport system according to claim 2, wherein
a terminal apparatus possessed by a user of the vehicle transmits a charging request for the battery to the server, when receiving the charging request transmitted from the terminal apparatus, the server transmits the transport-in instructions to the vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-in instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle into the charging space. 5. The vehicle transport system according to claim 4, wherein
when it is detected that the charging of the battery is finished, the server transmits a charging end notification, which indicates that the charging of the battery has ended, to the terminal apparatus. 6. The vehicle transport system according to claim 1, wherein
the server transmits transport instructions for the vehicle to the vehicle transport apparatus and also transmits route information indicating a travel route of the vehicle transport apparatus thereto, and the vehicle transport apparatus travels along the travel route indicated by the route information. | When it is detected that the charging of a battery is finished, a server transmits transport-out instructions for a vehicle to a vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-out instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle, for which the charging of the battery is finished, out of a charging space.1. A vehicle transport system configured to transport a vehicle at a charging spot where a charging apparatus configured to charge a battery of the vehicle is provided to a charging space, the vehicle transport system comprising:
a vehicle transport apparatus including a first robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up front wheels of the vehicle, and travel throughout the charging spot and a second robot configured to enter underneath the vehicle, lift up rear wheels of the vehicle, and travel throughout the charging spot; and a server configured to monitor and manage a state of charge of the battery of the vehicle stopped in the charging space and manage activity of the vehicle transport apparatus, wherein when it is detected that the charging of the battery is finished, the server transmits transport-out instructions for the vehicle, to the vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-out instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle, for which the charging of the battery is finished, out of the charging space. 2. The vehicle transport system according to claim 1, wherein
the server transmits transport-in instructions for the vehicle that needs to charge the battery, to the vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-in instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle that needs to charge the battery, into the charging space. 3. The vehicle transport system according to claim 2, wherein
when a plurality of the vehicles need to charge the respective batteries, the server manages a charging order of the vehicles and transmits the transport-in instructions and the transport-out instructions to the vehicle transport apparatus based on the charging order. 4. The vehicle transport system according to claim 2, wherein
a terminal apparatus possessed by a user of the vehicle transmits a charging request for the battery to the server, when receiving the charging request transmitted from the terminal apparatus, the server transmits the transport-in instructions to the vehicle transport apparatus, and when receiving the transport-in instructions transmitted from the server, the vehicle transport apparatus transports the vehicle into the charging space. 5. The vehicle transport system according to claim 4, wherein
when it is detected that the charging of the battery is finished, the server transmits a charging end notification, which indicates that the charging of the battery has ended, to the terminal apparatus. 6. The vehicle transport system according to claim 1, wherein
the server transmits transport instructions for the vehicle to the vehicle transport apparatus and also transmits route information indicating a travel route of the vehicle transport apparatus thereto, and the vehicle transport apparatus travels along the travel route indicated by the route information. | 3,600 |
341,588 | 16,801,957 | 1,771 | The present disclosure is a sock that has a leg that extends up a person's calf and a foot integral with the leg that cover's the person's foot. The sock further has a footie coupled to the foot, coupled partially up the sides of the foot, coupled partially to the heel turn, and coupled around the toes, the footie comprising a coarse material and configured to receive water such that when the sock is worn, the coarse material sloughs off dry skin, dead skin, callouses and removes toxins from the person's feet. | 1. A sock, comprising:
a leg that extends up a person's calf; a foot integral with the leg that cover's the person's foot; and a footie coupled to the foot, coupled partially up the sides of the foot, coupled partially to the heel turn, and coupled around the toes, the footie comprising a coarse material and configured to receive water such that when the sock is worn, the coarse material sloughs off dry skin, dead skin and/or callouses and removes toxins through the person's feet. 2. The sock of claim 1, wherein the leg, the foot, the heel turn and the toe is comprised of two layers of material. 3. The sock of claim 2, wherein the first layer is comprised of a rubber-like material that is waterproof. 4. The sock of claim 3, wherein the rubber-like material is nitrile. 5. The sock of claim 3, wherein the rubber-like material is polychloroprene. 6. The sock of claim 3, wherein the rubber-like material is polyurethane. 7. The sock of claim 3, wherein the second layer is comprised of a soft-type material. 8. The sock of claim 7, wherein the soft-type material is a cotton material. 9. The sock of claim 7, wherein the soft-type material is polyester. 10. The sock of claim 7, wherein the soft-type material is nylon. 11. The sock of claim 1, wherein the coarse material is a coarse nylon. 12. The sock of claim 1, wherein the coarse material makes up an innermost layer. 13. The sock of claim 12, wherein the leg, the foot, the heel turn, and the toes are comprised of a first layer and a second layer. 14. The sock of claim 13, wherein the first layer is an outward layer comprised of a rubber-type waterproof material. 15. The sock of claim 14, wherein the second layer is comprised of a soft cotton. 16. The sock of claim 15, wherein the innermost layer forms the footie. 17. The sock of claim 16, wherein the innermost layer is coarse and can hold water. | The present disclosure is a sock that has a leg that extends up a person's calf and a foot integral with the leg that cover's the person's foot. The sock further has a footie coupled to the foot, coupled partially up the sides of the foot, coupled partially to the heel turn, and coupled around the toes, the footie comprising a coarse material and configured to receive water such that when the sock is worn, the coarse material sloughs off dry skin, dead skin, callouses and removes toxins from the person's feet.1. A sock, comprising:
a leg that extends up a person's calf; a foot integral with the leg that cover's the person's foot; and a footie coupled to the foot, coupled partially up the sides of the foot, coupled partially to the heel turn, and coupled around the toes, the footie comprising a coarse material and configured to receive water such that when the sock is worn, the coarse material sloughs off dry skin, dead skin and/or callouses and removes toxins through the person's feet. 2. The sock of claim 1, wherein the leg, the foot, the heel turn and the toe is comprised of two layers of material. 3. The sock of claim 2, wherein the first layer is comprised of a rubber-like material that is waterproof. 4. The sock of claim 3, wherein the rubber-like material is nitrile. 5. The sock of claim 3, wherein the rubber-like material is polychloroprene. 6. The sock of claim 3, wherein the rubber-like material is polyurethane. 7. The sock of claim 3, wherein the second layer is comprised of a soft-type material. 8. The sock of claim 7, wherein the soft-type material is a cotton material. 9. The sock of claim 7, wherein the soft-type material is polyester. 10. The sock of claim 7, wherein the soft-type material is nylon. 11. The sock of claim 1, wherein the coarse material is a coarse nylon. 12. The sock of claim 1, wherein the coarse material makes up an innermost layer. 13. The sock of claim 12, wherein the leg, the foot, the heel turn, and the toes are comprised of a first layer and a second layer. 14. The sock of claim 13, wherein the first layer is an outward layer comprised of a rubber-type waterproof material. 15. The sock of claim 14, wherein the second layer is comprised of a soft cotton. 16. The sock of claim 15, wherein the innermost layer forms the footie. 17. The sock of claim 16, wherein the innermost layer is coarse and can hold water. | 1,700 |
341,589 | 16,801,911 | 1,771 | Apparatus and methods for launching objects into a wellbore. The apparatus generally includes a first object container and a container actuator. The first object container includes first compartments. The container actuator is adapted to displace the first object container so that respective ones of the first compartments are sequentially aligned with an opening. When the respective ones of the first compartments are sequentially aligned with the opening, objects loaded into the respective ones of the first compartments are sequentially launchable through the opening and into the wellbore. In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a second object container including second compartments and being positionable above the first object container so that the respective second compartments are aligned with the respective first compartments. Objects loaded into respective ones of the second compartments are sequentially launchable through the respective ones of the first compartments, through the opening, and into the wellbore. | 1. A method, comprising:
imparting, using a container actuator, rotational motion to a first object container, in a non-vertical plane of rotation, from a first angular position to a second angular position, wherein the first object container includes a first compartment and is operably associated with a wellhead; supporting the first object container with a bottom plate while the container actuator imparts rotational motion to the first object container; launching, when the first object container is in the second angular position, a first object loaded into the first compartment from the first compartment into the wellhead; and loading, after the first object has been launched from the first compartment into the wellhead, a second object from a second compartment into the first compartment,
wherein a second object container includes the second compartment, the second object container being operably associated with the first object container. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plane of rotation is horizontal. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising launching, when the first object container is in the second angular position, the second object loaded into the first compartment from the first compartment into the wellhead. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising preventing, or at least reducing, using restraining devices of the first object container, movement of the first and/or second objects when loaded within the first compartment. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein loading the second object from the second compartment into the first compartment comprises:
releasing the second object from the second compartment into the first compartment with a door element of the second object container. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead comprises:
receiving the first object from the first compartment into a release chamber. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead further comprises:
releasing the first object from the release chamber and into the wellhead. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead further comprises:
detecting a presence of the first object within the release chamber with a proximity sensor. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead comprises:
ejecting the first object from the first compartment with a plunger. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein ejecting the first object from the first compartment with the plunger comprises:
displacing the plunger with a plunger actuator to eject the first object from the first compartment. 11. An apparatus, comprising:
a first object container adapted to be operably associated with a wellhead, the first object container including a first compartment; a container actuator adapted to impart rotational motion to the first object container, in a plane of rotation, from a first angular position to a second angular position,
wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead, the plane of rotation is non-vertical, and
wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead and positioned in the second angular position, a first object loaded into the first compartment is adapted to be launched from the first compartment into the wellhead;
a bottom plate adapted to support the first object container while the container actuator imparts the rotational motion to the first object container; and a second object container operably associated with the first object container, the second object container including a second compartment,
wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead and after the first object is launched from the first compartment into the wellhead, a second object is adapted to be loaded from the second compartment into the first compartment. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead, the plane of rotation is horizontal. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, after the second object has been loaded from the second compartment into the first compartment, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead and positioned in the second angular position, the second object loaded into the first compartment is adapted to be launched from the first compartment into the wellhead. 14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first object container further comprises:
restraining devices adapted to prevent, or at least reduce, movement of the first and/or second objects when loaded within the first compartment. 15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second object container further includes a door element adapted to release the second object from the second compartment into the first compartment. 16. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:
a release chamber adapted to receive the first object from the first compartment after the first object is launched from the first compartment. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:
a releasing mechanism adapted to release the first object from the release chamber and into the wellhead after the first object is received within the release chamber. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising:
a proximity sensor adapted to detect a presence of the first object within the release chamber. 19. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:
a plunger adapted to eject the first object from the first compartment. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:
a plunger actuator adapted to displace the plunger to eject the first object from the first compartment. | Apparatus and methods for launching objects into a wellbore. The apparatus generally includes a first object container and a container actuator. The first object container includes first compartments. The container actuator is adapted to displace the first object container so that respective ones of the first compartments are sequentially aligned with an opening. When the respective ones of the first compartments are sequentially aligned with the opening, objects loaded into the respective ones of the first compartments are sequentially launchable through the opening and into the wellbore. In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes a second object container including second compartments and being positionable above the first object container so that the respective second compartments are aligned with the respective first compartments. Objects loaded into respective ones of the second compartments are sequentially launchable through the respective ones of the first compartments, through the opening, and into the wellbore.1. A method, comprising:
imparting, using a container actuator, rotational motion to a first object container, in a non-vertical plane of rotation, from a first angular position to a second angular position, wherein the first object container includes a first compartment and is operably associated with a wellhead; supporting the first object container with a bottom plate while the container actuator imparts rotational motion to the first object container; launching, when the first object container is in the second angular position, a first object loaded into the first compartment from the first compartment into the wellhead; and loading, after the first object has been launched from the first compartment into the wellhead, a second object from a second compartment into the first compartment,
wherein a second object container includes the second compartment, the second object container being operably associated with the first object container. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plane of rotation is horizontal. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising launching, when the first object container is in the second angular position, the second object loaded into the first compartment from the first compartment into the wellhead. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising preventing, or at least reducing, using restraining devices of the first object container, movement of the first and/or second objects when loaded within the first compartment. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein loading the second object from the second compartment into the first compartment comprises:
releasing the second object from the second compartment into the first compartment with a door element of the second object container. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead comprises:
receiving the first object from the first compartment into a release chamber. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead further comprises:
releasing the first object from the release chamber and into the wellhead. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead further comprises:
detecting a presence of the first object within the release chamber with a proximity sensor. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein launching the first object from the first compartment into the wellhead comprises:
ejecting the first object from the first compartment with a plunger. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein ejecting the first object from the first compartment with the plunger comprises:
displacing the plunger with a plunger actuator to eject the first object from the first compartment. 11. An apparatus, comprising:
a first object container adapted to be operably associated with a wellhead, the first object container including a first compartment; a container actuator adapted to impart rotational motion to the first object container, in a plane of rotation, from a first angular position to a second angular position,
wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead, the plane of rotation is non-vertical, and
wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead and positioned in the second angular position, a first object loaded into the first compartment is adapted to be launched from the first compartment into the wellhead;
a bottom plate adapted to support the first object container while the container actuator imparts the rotational motion to the first object container; and a second object container operably associated with the first object container, the second object container including a second compartment,
wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead and after the first object is launched from the first compartment into the wellhead, a second object is adapted to be loaded from the second compartment into the first compartment. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead, the plane of rotation is horizontal. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, after the second object has been loaded from the second compartment into the first compartment, when the first object container is operably associated with the wellhead and positioned in the second angular position, the second object loaded into the first compartment is adapted to be launched from the first compartment into the wellhead. 14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first object container further comprises:
restraining devices adapted to prevent, or at least reduce, movement of the first and/or second objects when loaded within the first compartment. 15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second object container further includes a door element adapted to release the second object from the second compartment into the first compartment. 16. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:
a release chamber adapted to receive the first object from the first compartment after the first object is launched from the first compartment. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:
a releasing mechanism adapted to release the first object from the release chamber and into the wellhead after the first object is received within the release chamber. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising:
a proximity sensor adapted to detect a presence of the first object within the release chamber. 19. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:
a plunger adapted to eject the first object from the first compartment. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:
a plunger actuator adapted to displace the plunger to eject the first object from the first compartment. | 1,700 |
341,590 | 16,801,899 | 1,771 | Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for configuring beam failure recovery operations. A method includes performing beam failure detection of a beam pair link associated with a secondary cell, wherein a user equipment (UE) is configured with one or more uplink control channel groups, each of the one or more uplink control channel groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding uplink control channel group; determining one or more cells on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message based on a number of uplink control channel groups the UE is configured with; sending the BFRQ on the one or more cells; and receiving a beam failure recovery response message on at least one of the one or more cells. | 1. A method of wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
performing beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group; identifying at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and sending the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 3-4. (canceled) 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the BFRQ comprises a scheduling request on the at least one cell. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group is used for transmitting the uplink control channel for the corresponding plurality of component carriers for all types of uplink control information. 7. The method of claim 8, wherein component carriers in the plurality of component carriers other than the one designated for communication of the uplink control channel are not allowed to transmit the BFRR. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving a beam failure recovery response (BFRR) message on the at least one cell. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group corresponds to a PUCCH cell. 10. A user equipment (UE) comprising:
a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor and memory being configured to cause the UE to:
perform beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group;
identify at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and
send the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 11. The UE of claim 10, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The UE of claim 10, wherein the BFRQ comprises a scheduling request on the at least one cell. 15. The UE of claim 10, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group is used for transmitting the uplink control channel for the corresponding plurality of component carriers for all types of uplink control information. 16. The UE of claim 17, wherein component carriers in the plurality of component carriers other than the one designated for communication of the uplink control channel are not allowed to transmit the BFRR. 17. The UE of claim 10, the processor and memory is further configured to cause the UE to receive a beam failure recovery response (BFRR) message on the at least one cell. 18. The UE of claim 10, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group corresponds to a PUCCH cell. 19. A user equipment (UE) comprising:
means for performing beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group; means for identifying at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and means for sending the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 20. The UE of claim 19, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 21-22. (canceled) 23. The UE of claim 19, wherein the BFRQ comprises a scheduling request on the at least one cell. 24. The UE of claim 19, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group is used for transmitting the uplink control channel for the corresponding plurality of component carriers for all types of uplink control information. 25. The UE of claim 26, wherein component carriers in the plurality of component carriers other than the one designated for communication of the uplink control channel are not allowed to transmit the BFRR. 26. The UE of claim 19, further comprising means for receiving a beam failure recovery response (BFRR) message on the at least one cell. 27. The UE of claim 19, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group corresponds to a PUCCH cell. 28. A non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores instructions that when executed by a processor of a user equipment (UE) cause the UE to:
perform beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group; identify at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and send the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 29. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 30. (canceled) | Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for configuring beam failure recovery operations. A method includes performing beam failure detection of a beam pair link associated with a secondary cell, wherein a user equipment (UE) is configured with one or more uplink control channel groups, each of the one or more uplink control channel groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding uplink control channel group; determining one or more cells on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message based on a number of uplink control channel groups the UE is configured with; sending the BFRQ on the one or more cells; and receiving a beam failure recovery response message on at least one of the one or more cells.1. A method of wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
performing beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group; identifying at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and sending the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 3-4. (canceled) 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the BFRQ comprises a scheduling request on the at least one cell. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group is used for transmitting the uplink control channel for the corresponding plurality of component carriers for all types of uplink control information. 7. The method of claim 8, wherein component carriers in the plurality of component carriers other than the one designated for communication of the uplink control channel are not allowed to transmit the BFRR. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving a beam failure recovery response (BFRR) message on the at least one cell. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group corresponds to a PUCCH cell. 10. A user equipment (UE) comprising:
a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor and memory being configured to cause the UE to:
perform beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group;
identify at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and
send the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 11. The UE of claim 10, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The UE of claim 10, wherein the BFRQ comprises a scheduling request on the at least one cell. 15. The UE of claim 10, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group is used for transmitting the uplink control channel for the corresponding plurality of component carriers for all types of uplink control information. 16. The UE of claim 17, wherein component carriers in the plurality of component carriers other than the one designated for communication of the uplink control channel are not allowed to transmit the BFRR. 17. The UE of claim 10, the processor and memory is further configured to cause the UE to receive a beam failure recovery response (BFRR) message on the at least one cell. 18. The UE of claim 10, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group corresponds to a PUCCH cell. 19. A user equipment (UE) comprising:
means for performing beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group; means for identifying at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and means for sending the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 20. The UE of claim 19, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 21-22. (canceled) 23. The UE of claim 19, wherein the BFRQ comprises a scheduling request on the at least one cell. 24. The UE of claim 19, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group is used for transmitting the uplink control channel for the corresponding plurality of component carriers for all types of uplink control information. 25. The UE of claim 26, wherein component carriers in the plurality of component carriers other than the one designated for communication of the uplink control channel are not allowed to transmit the BFRR. 26. The UE of claim 19, further comprising means for receiving a beam failure recovery response (BFRR) message on the at least one cell. 27. The UE of claim 19, wherein the one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers that is designated for communication of the uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group corresponds to a PUCCH cell. 28. A non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores instructions that when executed by a processor of a user equipment (UE) cause the UE to:
perform beam failure detection (BFD) of a beam pair link (BPL) associated with a first secondary cell (SCell) in carrier aggregation (CA), wherein the UE is configured with one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) groups for communication, each of the one or more PUCCH groups comprising a corresponding plurality of component carriers where one of the corresponding plurality of component carriers is designated for communication of an uplink control channel for the corresponding PUCCH group; identify at least one cell on which to send a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) message, wherein the at least one cell is in a same PUCCH group as the first SCell, wherein when a number of PUCCH groups is one, the at least one cell comprises a primary cell of the UE, wherein the primary cell is one of a primary cell group or a secondary cell group; and send the BFRQ on the at least one cell. 29. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 28, wherein:
when the number of PUCCH groups is greater than one, the at least one cell comprises one or more of the ones of the corresponding plurality of component carriers designated for communication of the uplink control channel. 30. (canceled) | 1,700 |
341,591 | 16,801,921 | 1,771 | An approach to a head gimbal assembly, such as for a hard disk drive, includes an offset swage plate coupling a suspension to one side of an actuator arm and another offset swage plate coupling another suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. Each offset swage plate includes a main body, a swage through-hole through a first lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and a clearance through-hole through an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, the clearance through-hole having no swage boss. Each offset swage plate is configured in the assembly in a position opposing the other, such that the corresponding swage bosses are positioned on different lateral/longitudinal sides of the arm tip so that there is no coaxial swage boss buildup. | 1. A head gimbal assembly (HGA) comprising:
an arm; a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension to a first side of the arm; and a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the arm. 2. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 3. The HGA of claim 2, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 4. The HGA of claim 3, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 5. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal portion of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 6. The HGA of claim 5, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 7. The HGA of claim 6, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 8. A hard disk drive comprising the HGA of claim 1. 9. A hard disk drive (HDD) comprising:
a plurality of disk media rotatably mounted on a spindle; a first head slider housing a first read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a first disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a second head slider housing a second read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a second disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a voice coil actuator configured to move the first head slider and the second head slider to access portions of the respective first disk medium and second disk medium; and a head gimbal assembly (HGA) coupled with the voice coil actuator, the HGA comprising:
an actuator arm,
a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension housing the first head slider to a first side of the actuator arm, and
a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension housing the second head slider to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. 10. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a swage through-hole through a first lateral side of the main body, the swage through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral side of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 11. The HDD of claim 10, wherein the actuator arm comprises:
an arm tip at a distal end, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 12. The HDD of claim 11, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 13. The HDD of claim 9, wherein the HGA is configured for positioning between the first disk medium and the second disk medium. 14. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal side of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 15. The HDD of claim 14, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 16. The HGA of claim 15, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 17. A method of assembling a head gimbal assembly (HGA), the method comprising:
swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a swage boss of a first offset swage plate; and swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via a swage boss of a second offset swage plate; wherein each of the first and the second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body,
a swage through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, wherein the swage boss is positioned around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and
a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein swage-coupling the first suspension to the first side of the actuator arm and swage-coupling the second suspension to the second side of the actuator arm include swage-coupling to the actuator arm comprising:
an arm tip; a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate; and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 19. A system comprising:
means for swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a first lateral or longitudinal side of a first offset swage plate; and means for swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of a second offset swage plate. | An approach to a head gimbal assembly, such as for a hard disk drive, includes an offset swage plate coupling a suspension to one side of an actuator arm and another offset swage plate coupling another suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. Each offset swage plate includes a main body, a swage through-hole through a first lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and a clearance through-hole through an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, the clearance through-hole having no swage boss. Each offset swage plate is configured in the assembly in a position opposing the other, such that the corresponding swage bosses are positioned on different lateral/longitudinal sides of the arm tip so that there is no coaxial swage boss buildup.1. A head gimbal assembly (HGA) comprising:
an arm; a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension to a first side of the arm; and a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the arm. 2. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 3. The HGA of claim 2, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 4. The HGA of claim 3, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 5. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal portion of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 6. The HGA of claim 5, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 7. The HGA of claim 6, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 8. A hard disk drive comprising the HGA of claim 1. 9. A hard disk drive (HDD) comprising:
a plurality of disk media rotatably mounted on a spindle; a first head slider housing a first read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a first disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a second head slider housing a second read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a second disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a voice coil actuator configured to move the first head slider and the second head slider to access portions of the respective first disk medium and second disk medium; and a head gimbal assembly (HGA) coupled with the voice coil actuator, the HGA comprising:
an actuator arm,
a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension housing the first head slider to a first side of the actuator arm, and
a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension housing the second head slider to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. 10. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a swage through-hole through a first lateral side of the main body, the swage through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral side of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 11. The HDD of claim 10, wherein the actuator arm comprises:
an arm tip at a distal end, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 12. The HDD of claim 11, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 13. The HDD of claim 9, wherein the HGA is configured for positioning between the first disk medium and the second disk medium. 14. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal side of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 15. The HDD of claim 14, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 16. The HGA of claim 15, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 17. A method of assembling a head gimbal assembly (HGA), the method comprising:
swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a swage boss of a first offset swage plate; and swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via a swage boss of a second offset swage plate; wherein each of the first and the second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body,
a swage through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, wherein the swage boss is positioned around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and
a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein swage-coupling the first suspension to the first side of the actuator arm and swage-coupling the second suspension to the second side of the actuator arm include swage-coupling to the actuator arm comprising:
an arm tip; a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate; and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 19. A system comprising:
means for swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a first lateral or longitudinal side of a first offset swage plate; and means for swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of a second offset swage plate. | 1,700 |
341,592 | 16,801,917 | 1,771 | An approach to a head gimbal assembly, such as for a hard disk drive, includes an offset swage plate coupling a suspension to one side of an actuator arm and another offset swage plate coupling another suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. Each offset swage plate includes a main body, a swage through-hole through a first lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and a clearance through-hole through an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, the clearance through-hole having no swage boss. Each offset swage plate is configured in the assembly in a position opposing the other, such that the corresponding swage bosses are positioned on different lateral/longitudinal sides of the arm tip so that there is no coaxial swage boss buildup. | 1. A head gimbal assembly (HGA) comprising:
an arm; a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension to a first side of the arm; and a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the arm. 2. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 3. The HGA of claim 2, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 4. The HGA of claim 3, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 5. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal portion of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 6. The HGA of claim 5, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 7. The HGA of claim 6, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 8. A hard disk drive comprising the HGA of claim 1. 9. A hard disk drive (HDD) comprising:
a plurality of disk media rotatably mounted on a spindle; a first head slider housing a first read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a first disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a second head slider housing a second read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a second disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a voice coil actuator configured to move the first head slider and the second head slider to access portions of the respective first disk medium and second disk medium; and a head gimbal assembly (HGA) coupled with the voice coil actuator, the HGA comprising:
an actuator arm,
a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension housing the first head slider to a first side of the actuator arm, and
a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension housing the second head slider to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. 10. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a swage through-hole through a first lateral side of the main body, the swage through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral side of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 11. The HDD of claim 10, wherein the actuator arm comprises:
an arm tip at a distal end, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 12. The HDD of claim 11, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 13. The HDD of claim 9, wherein the HGA is configured for positioning between the first disk medium and the second disk medium. 14. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal side of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 15. The HDD of claim 14, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 16. The HGA of claim 15, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 17. A method of assembling a head gimbal assembly (HGA), the method comprising:
swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a swage boss of a first offset swage plate; and swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via a swage boss of a second offset swage plate; wherein each of the first and the second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body,
a swage through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, wherein the swage boss is positioned around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and
a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein swage-coupling the first suspension to the first side of the actuator arm and swage-coupling the second suspension to the second side of the actuator arm include swage-coupling to the actuator arm comprising:
an arm tip; a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate; and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 19. A system comprising:
means for swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a first lateral or longitudinal side of a first offset swage plate; and means for swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of a second offset swage plate. | An approach to a head gimbal assembly, such as for a hard disk drive, includes an offset swage plate coupling a suspension to one side of an actuator arm and another offset swage plate coupling another suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. Each offset swage plate includes a main body, a swage through-hole through a first lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and a clearance through-hole through an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of the main body, the clearance through-hole having no swage boss. Each offset swage plate is configured in the assembly in a position opposing the other, such that the corresponding swage bosses are positioned on different lateral/longitudinal sides of the arm tip so that there is no coaxial swage boss buildup.1. A head gimbal assembly (HGA) comprising:
an arm; a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension to a first side of the arm; and a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the arm. 2. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 3. The HGA of claim 2, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 4. The HGA of claim 3, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 5. The HGA of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal portion of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 6. The HGA of claim 5, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal portion of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal portion of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal portion of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 7. The HGA of claim 6, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 8. A hard disk drive comprising the HGA of claim 1. 9. A hard disk drive (HDD) comprising:
a plurality of disk media rotatably mounted on a spindle; a first head slider housing a first read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a first disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a second head slider housing a second read-write transducer configured to read from and to write to a second disk medium of the plurality of disk media; a voice coil actuator configured to move the first head slider and the second head slider to access portions of the respective first disk medium and second disk medium; and a head gimbal assembly (HGA) coupled with the voice coil actuator, the HGA comprising:
an actuator arm,
a first offset swage plate coupling a first suspension housing the first head slider to a first side of the actuator arm, and
a second offset swage plate coupling a second suspension housing the second head slider to an opposing second side of the actuator arm. 10. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a swage through-hole through a first lateral side of the main body, the swage through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral side of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 11. The HDD of claim 10, wherein the actuator arm comprises:
an arm tip at a distal end, a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 12. The HDD of claim 11, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 13. The HDD of claim 9, wherein the HGA is configured for positioning between the first disk medium and the second disk medium. 14. The HDD of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body; a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the main body, the first through-hole comprising a swage boss around the perimeter of the first through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body; and a second through-hole through an opposing second longitudinal side of the main body, the second through-hole having no swage boss. 15. The HDD of claim 14, wherein the arm comprises:
an arm tip, a first through-hole through a first longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the first longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate, and a second through-hole through a second longitudinal side of the arm tip coincident with the second longitudinal side of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first longitudinal side of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 16. The HGA of claim 15, wherein:
the first suspension is swage-coupled to the first side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the first offset swage plate; and the second suspension is swage-coupled to the second side of the actuator arm via the swage boss of the second offset swage plate. 17. A method of assembling a head gimbal assembly (HGA), the method comprising:
swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a swage boss of a first offset swage plate; and swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via a swage boss of a second offset swage plate; wherein each of the first and the second offset swage plates comprises:
a planar main body,
a swage through-hole through a first lateral half of the main body, wherein the swage boss is positioned around the perimeter of the swage through-hole and extending substantially normal to the main body, and
a clearance hole through an opposing second lateral half of the main body, the clearance hole void of a swage boss. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein swage-coupling the first suspension to the first side of the actuator arm and swage-coupling the second suspension to the second side of the actuator arm include swage-coupling to the actuator arm comprising:
an arm tip; a first through-hole through a first lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the first lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the second lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate; and a second through-hole through a second lateral side of the arm tip coincident with the second lateral half of the main body of the first offset swage plate and the first lateral half of the main body of the second offset swage plate. 19. A system comprising:
means for swage-coupling a first suspension to a first side of an actuator arm via a first lateral or longitudinal side of a first offset swage plate; and means for swage-coupling a second suspension to an opposing second side of the actuator arm via an opposing second lateral or longitudinal side of a second offset swage plate. | 1,700 |
341,593 | 16,801,931 | 1,771 | In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a flow control module configured to receive a first data packet from an output queue of a stage of a multi-stage switch at a first rate when an available capacity of the output queue crosses a first threshold. The flow control module is configured to receive a second data packet from the output queue of the stage of the multi-stage switch at a second rate when the available capacity of the output queue crosses a second threshold. The flow control module configured to send a flow control signal to an edge device of the multi-stage switch from which the first data packet or the second data packet entered the multi-stage switch. | 1. A method, comprising:
sending, by an edge device, a data packet to a switch module from a plurality of switch modules in a multi-stage switch; receiving, at the edge device, a first flow control signal including a severity value when an available capacity of an output queue of the switch module meets a threshold, the severity value indicating a level of congestion at the output queue; determining, based on the first flow control signal, an identifier of a source peripheral processing device that originated the data packet; and sending, from the edge device to the source peripheral processing device and based on the identifier, a second flow control signal such that the source peripheral processing device modifies data transmission to the edge device to reduce the level of congestion at the output queue. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second flow control signal includes an instruction to cause the source peripheral processing device to modify data transmission to the edge device by suspending the data transmission. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving the first flow control signal in a first flow control protocol, and sending the second flow control signal in a second flow control protocol different from the first flow control protocol. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first flow control protocol is Ethernet pause, priority pause, quantized congestion notification, or quantum flow control. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving the first flow control signal via an out-of-band control plane connection. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving the first flow control signal within a data plane, via which the data packet is sent to the switch module of the multi-stage switch. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-stage switch is a Clos network. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the severity value is a first severity value; the threshold is a first threshold; the level of congestion is a first level of congestion; the method further includes:
receiving, at the edge device, a third flow control signal including a second severity value when the available capacity of the output queue of the switch module meets a second threshold, the second severity value indicating a second level of congestion at the output queue, the available capacity of the output queue being greater at the first threshold than at the second threshold;
the sending the second flow control signal to the source peripheral processing device is in response to receiving the third flow control signal. 9. An apparatus, comprising:
a memory; and a processor operatively coupled to the memory, the processor is configured to:
send a data packet from an edge device to a switch module from a plurality of switch modules in a multi-stage switch;
receive, at the edge device, a first flow control signal indicating an available capacity of an output queue of the switch module meeting a threshold,
determine, based on the first flow control signal, an identifier of a source peripheral processing device that originated the data packet; and
send, from the edge device to the source peripheral processing device and based on the identifier, a second flow control signal such that the source peripheral processing device reduces data transmission to the edge device to reduce a level of congestion at the output queue. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to send the second flow control signal such that the source peripheral processing device reduces data transmission by suspending the data transmission for a period of time. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to receive the first flow control signal in a first flow control protocol, and the processor is configured to send the second flow control signal in a second flow control protocol different from the first flow control protocol. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first flow control protocol is Ethernet pause, priority pause, quantized congestion notification, or quantum flow control. 13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to receive the first flow control signal via an out-of-band control plane connection. 14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to receive the first flow control signal within a data plane, via which the data packet is sent to the switch module of the multi-stage switch. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the multi-stage switch is a Clos network. 16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the threshold is a first threshold; the processor is configured to receive, at the edge device, a third flow control signal indicating the available capacity of the output queue of the switch module meets a second threshold, the available capacity of the output queue being greater at the first threshold than at the second threshold; the processor is configured to send the second flow control signal to the source peripheral processing device in response to receiving the third flow control signal. 17. A method, comprising:
receiving, at a first switch module of a distributed switch fabric, a plurality of data packets from a plurality of second switch modules of the distributed switch fabric; storing the plurality of data packets in an output queue of the first switch module; and when an available capacity of the output queue crosses a threshold and a data packet request is received at the first switch module from an flow control processor, sending a data packet from the plurality of data packets in the output queue to the flow control processor such that the flow control processor sends a first flow control signal to a source edge device associated with the data packet using a first flow control protocol and such that the source edge device sends a second flow control signal to a source peripheral processing device associated with the data packet using a second flow control protocol. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
randomly selecting the data packet from the plurality of data packets in the output queue prior to sending the data packet to the flow control processor. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
selecting the data packet from the plurality of data packets in the output queue based on a time at which the first switch module receives the data packet request from the flow control processor. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the flow control processor sends the first flow control signal to the source edge device via an out-of-band control plane connection. | In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a flow control module configured to receive a first data packet from an output queue of a stage of a multi-stage switch at a first rate when an available capacity of the output queue crosses a first threshold. The flow control module is configured to receive a second data packet from the output queue of the stage of the multi-stage switch at a second rate when the available capacity of the output queue crosses a second threshold. The flow control module configured to send a flow control signal to an edge device of the multi-stage switch from which the first data packet or the second data packet entered the multi-stage switch.1. A method, comprising:
sending, by an edge device, a data packet to a switch module from a plurality of switch modules in a multi-stage switch; receiving, at the edge device, a first flow control signal including a severity value when an available capacity of an output queue of the switch module meets a threshold, the severity value indicating a level of congestion at the output queue; determining, based on the first flow control signal, an identifier of a source peripheral processing device that originated the data packet; and sending, from the edge device to the source peripheral processing device and based on the identifier, a second flow control signal such that the source peripheral processing device modifies data transmission to the edge device to reduce the level of congestion at the output queue. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second flow control signal includes an instruction to cause the source peripheral processing device to modify data transmission to the edge device by suspending the data transmission. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving the first flow control signal in a first flow control protocol, and sending the second flow control signal in a second flow control protocol different from the first flow control protocol. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first flow control protocol is Ethernet pause, priority pause, quantized congestion notification, or quantum flow control. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving the first flow control signal via an out-of-band control plane connection. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving the first flow control signal within a data plane, via which the data packet is sent to the switch module of the multi-stage switch. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-stage switch is a Clos network. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the severity value is a first severity value; the threshold is a first threshold; the level of congestion is a first level of congestion; the method further includes:
receiving, at the edge device, a third flow control signal including a second severity value when the available capacity of the output queue of the switch module meets a second threshold, the second severity value indicating a second level of congestion at the output queue, the available capacity of the output queue being greater at the first threshold than at the second threshold;
the sending the second flow control signal to the source peripheral processing device is in response to receiving the third flow control signal. 9. An apparatus, comprising:
a memory; and a processor operatively coupled to the memory, the processor is configured to:
send a data packet from an edge device to a switch module from a plurality of switch modules in a multi-stage switch;
receive, at the edge device, a first flow control signal indicating an available capacity of an output queue of the switch module meeting a threshold,
determine, based on the first flow control signal, an identifier of a source peripheral processing device that originated the data packet; and
send, from the edge device to the source peripheral processing device and based on the identifier, a second flow control signal such that the source peripheral processing device reduces data transmission to the edge device to reduce a level of congestion at the output queue. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to send the second flow control signal such that the source peripheral processing device reduces data transmission by suspending the data transmission for a period of time. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to receive the first flow control signal in a first flow control protocol, and the processor is configured to send the second flow control signal in a second flow control protocol different from the first flow control protocol. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first flow control protocol is Ethernet pause, priority pause, quantized congestion notification, or quantum flow control. 13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to receive the first flow control signal via an out-of-band control plane connection. 14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the processor is configured to receive the first flow control signal within a data plane, via which the data packet is sent to the switch module of the multi-stage switch. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the multi-stage switch is a Clos network. 16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the threshold is a first threshold; the processor is configured to receive, at the edge device, a third flow control signal indicating the available capacity of the output queue of the switch module meets a second threshold, the available capacity of the output queue being greater at the first threshold than at the second threshold; the processor is configured to send the second flow control signal to the source peripheral processing device in response to receiving the third flow control signal. 17. A method, comprising:
receiving, at a first switch module of a distributed switch fabric, a plurality of data packets from a plurality of second switch modules of the distributed switch fabric; storing the plurality of data packets in an output queue of the first switch module; and when an available capacity of the output queue crosses a threshold and a data packet request is received at the first switch module from an flow control processor, sending a data packet from the plurality of data packets in the output queue to the flow control processor such that the flow control processor sends a first flow control signal to a source edge device associated with the data packet using a first flow control protocol and such that the source edge device sends a second flow control signal to a source peripheral processing device associated with the data packet using a second flow control protocol. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
randomly selecting the data packet from the plurality of data packets in the output queue prior to sending the data packet to the flow control processor. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
selecting the data packet from the plurality of data packets in the output queue based on a time at which the first switch module receives the data packet request from the flow control processor. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the flow control processor sends the first flow control signal to the source edge device via an out-of-band control plane connection. | 1,700 |
341,594 | 16,801,928 | 1,771 | Intercooling systems and methods for an aircraft engine are provided. An intercooling system includes: a first inlet configured to receive a first air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine; a second inlet separate from the first inlet and configured to receive a second air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine separately from the first air flow of ambient air; and a heat exchanger configured to facilitate heat transfer between at least a portion of the first air flow compressed by a compressor section of the aircraft engine and the second air flow. | 1. A method of operating a gas turbine engine (GTE) of an aircraft, the method comprising:
receiving a first air flow of ambient air into the GTE; compressing at least a portion of the first air flow to generate compressed air; receiving a second air flow of ambient air into the GTE, the second air flow being received separately from the first air flow; transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow; mixing the compressed air with fuel and igniting the mixed compressed air and fuel to generate a stream of combustion gas; and extracting energy from the combustion gas. 2. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising compressing the second air flow before transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow. 3. The method as defined in claim 2, comprising:
driving a compressor via a tower shaft; drivingly coupled to a turbine-driven shaft of the GTE; and using the compressor to compress the second air flow. 4. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein the second air flow is received into the GTE as ram air during flight of the aircraft. 5. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the GTE is a turbofan engine having a core gas path and a bypass duct; the portion of the first air flow is a first portion of the first air flow; the first portion of the first air flow is compressed inside the core gas path and the method includes: receiving a second portion of the first air flow in the bypass duct; and after transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow, discharging at least some of the second air flow into the bypass duct. 6. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising directing at least some of the second air flow into a stator vane of the GTE. 7. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising directing at least some of the second air flow and at least some of the compressed air into a heat exchanger. 8. The method as defined in claim 7, wherein the heat exchanger is disposed inside a plenum radially outwardly of a spool of the GTE. 9. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising further compressing the compressed air after transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow. 10. An intercooling system for a gas turbine engine (GTE) of an aircraft, the system comprising:
a first inlet configured to receive a first air flow of ambient air into the GTE; a second inlet separate from the first inlet and configured to receive a second air flow of ambient air into the GTE separately from the first air flow of ambient air; and a heat exchanger configured to facilitate heat transfer between at least a portion of the first air flow compressed by a compressor section of the GTE and the second air flow. 11. The system as defined in claim 10 wherein the second inlet includes a ram air inlet. 12. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the GTE is a turbofan engine having a core gas path and a bypass duct and the system includes an outlet configured to establish fluid communication for at least some of the second air flow from the heat exchanger to the bypass duct. 13. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger is separate from the compressor section of the GTE. 14. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to be operatively disposed between two compressor stages of the GTE. 15. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger includes a stator vane of the compressor section of the GTE. 16. The system as defined in claim 10, comprising a compressor configured to compress the second air flow. 17. The system as defined in claim 16 wherein the compressor is operatively disposed upstream of the heat exchanger. 18. The system as defined in claim 16, wherein the compressor is configured to be driven by a tower shaft drivingly coupled to a turbine-driven shaft of the GTE. 19. The system as defined in claim 10, comprising a valve configured to control the second air flow to the heat exchanger. 20. An aircraft engine comprising:
a first inlet configured to receive a first air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine; a compressor section configured to receive at least a portion of the first air flow and generate compressed air; a second inlet separate from the first inlet and configured to receive a second air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine separately from the first air flow of ambient air; a heat exchanger configured to facilitate heat transfer between the compressed air and the second air flow; a combustor in which the compressed air is mixed with fuel and ignited to generate a stream of combustion gas; and a turbine section configured to extract energy from the combustion gas. | Intercooling systems and methods for an aircraft engine are provided. An intercooling system includes: a first inlet configured to receive a first air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine; a second inlet separate from the first inlet and configured to receive a second air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine separately from the first air flow of ambient air; and a heat exchanger configured to facilitate heat transfer between at least a portion of the first air flow compressed by a compressor section of the aircraft engine and the second air flow.1. A method of operating a gas turbine engine (GTE) of an aircraft, the method comprising:
receiving a first air flow of ambient air into the GTE; compressing at least a portion of the first air flow to generate compressed air; receiving a second air flow of ambient air into the GTE, the second air flow being received separately from the first air flow; transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow; mixing the compressed air with fuel and igniting the mixed compressed air and fuel to generate a stream of combustion gas; and extracting energy from the combustion gas. 2. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising compressing the second air flow before transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow. 3. The method as defined in claim 2, comprising:
driving a compressor via a tower shaft; drivingly coupled to a turbine-driven shaft of the GTE; and using the compressor to compress the second air flow. 4. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein the second air flow is received into the GTE as ram air during flight of the aircraft. 5. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the GTE is a turbofan engine having a core gas path and a bypass duct; the portion of the first air flow is a first portion of the first air flow; the first portion of the first air flow is compressed inside the core gas path and the method includes: receiving a second portion of the first air flow in the bypass duct; and after transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow, discharging at least some of the second air flow into the bypass duct. 6. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising directing at least some of the second air flow into a stator vane of the GTE. 7. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising directing at least some of the second air flow and at least some of the compressed air into a heat exchanger. 8. The method as defined in claim 7, wherein the heat exchanger is disposed inside a plenum radially outwardly of a spool of the GTE. 9. The method as defined in claim 1, comprising further compressing the compressed air after transferring heat between the compressed air and the second air flow. 10. An intercooling system for a gas turbine engine (GTE) of an aircraft, the system comprising:
a first inlet configured to receive a first air flow of ambient air into the GTE; a second inlet separate from the first inlet and configured to receive a second air flow of ambient air into the GTE separately from the first air flow of ambient air; and a heat exchanger configured to facilitate heat transfer between at least a portion of the first air flow compressed by a compressor section of the GTE and the second air flow. 11. The system as defined in claim 10 wherein the second inlet includes a ram air inlet. 12. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the GTE is a turbofan engine having a core gas path and a bypass duct and the system includes an outlet configured to establish fluid communication for at least some of the second air flow from the heat exchanger to the bypass duct. 13. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger is separate from the compressor section of the GTE. 14. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to be operatively disposed between two compressor stages of the GTE. 15. The system as defined in claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger includes a stator vane of the compressor section of the GTE. 16. The system as defined in claim 10, comprising a compressor configured to compress the second air flow. 17. The system as defined in claim 16 wherein the compressor is operatively disposed upstream of the heat exchanger. 18. The system as defined in claim 16, wherein the compressor is configured to be driven by a tower shaft drivingly coupled to a turbine-driven shaft of the GTE. 19. The system as defined in claim 10, comprising a valve configured to control the second air flow to the heat exchanger. 20. An aircraft engine comprising:
a first inlet configured to receive a first air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine; a compressor section configured to receive at least a portion of the first air flow and generate compressed air; a second inlet separate from the first inlet and configured to receive a second air flow of ambient air into the aircraft engine separately from the first air flow of ambient air; a heat exchanger configured to facilitate heat transfer between the compressed air and the second air flow; a combustor in which the compressed air is mixed with fuel and ignited to generate a stream of combustion gas; and a turbine section configured to extract energy from the combustion gas. | 1,700 |
341,595 | 16,801,897 | 1,771 | A system and method identify and provide content using identification entries. Product identification information for a product listing is received, and a matching identification entry is selected from a set of identification entries using the product identification information. The matching identification entry is assigned to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation. | 1. (canceled) 2. A machine-readable medium embodying instructions that, when used by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
receiving a request from a user device, the request including an identification of a product listing; in response to the request, identifying product identification information for the product listing; selecting, from a set of identification entries, a matching identification entry using the product identification information by comparing the product identification information to one or more identification entries in the set of identification entries; and assigning the matching identification entry to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation. 3. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein the product identification information comprises at least one selected from the following: a product title and a product description. 4. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises comparing text of the product identification information to text of the one or more identification entries. 5. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises:
determining a distance between the product identification information and each of the one or more identification entries using a distance function; and selecting the matching identification entry based on the distance determined for the matching identification entry. 6. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein the operations further comprise associating a budget with the product listing for use in selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation. 7. The machine-readable medium of claim 6, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation, the selecting including determining the budget associated with the product listing has not been exceeded. 8. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation on a web page based on the matching identification entry matching an identification entry determined for the web page. 9. A computer system comprising:
a processor; and a machine-readable medium embodying instructions that, when used by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: receiving a request from a user device, the request including an identification of a product listing; in response to the request, identifying product identification information for the product listing; selecting, from a set of identification entries, a matching identification entry using the product identification information by comparing the product identification information to one or more identification entries in the set of identification entries; and assigning the matching identification entry to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation. 10. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the product identification information comprises at least one selected from the following: a product title and a product description. 11. The computer system of claim 9, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises comparing text of the product identification information to text of the one or more identification entries. 12. The computer system of claim 9, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises:
determining a distance between the product identification information and each of the one or more identification entries using a distance function; and selecting the matching identification entry based on the distance determined for the matching identification entry. 13. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise associating a budget with the product listing for use in selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation. 14. The computer system of claim 13, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation, the selecting including determining the budget associated with the product listing has not been exceeded. 15. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation on a web page based on the matching identification entry matching an identification entry determined for the web page. 16. A computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving a request from a user device, the request including an identification of a product listing; in response to the request, identifying product identification information for the product listing; selecting, from a set of identification entries, a matching identification entry using the product identification information by comparing the product identification information to one or more identification entries in the set of identification entries; and assigning the matching identification entry to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the product identification information comprises at least one selected from the following: a product title and a product description. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises comparing text of the product identification information to text of the one or more identification entries. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises:
determining a distance between the product identification information and each of the one or more identification entries using a distance function; and selecting the matching identification entry based on the distance determined for the matching identification entry. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises associating a budget with the product listing for use in selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the method further comprises selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation, the selecting including determining the budget associated with the product listing has not been exceeded. | A system and method identify and provide content using identification entries. Product identification information for a product listing is received, and a matching identification entry is selected from a set of identification entries using the product identification information. The matching identification entry is assigned to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation.1. (canceled) 2. A machine-readable medium embodying instructions that, when used by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
receiving a request from a user device, the request including an identification of a product listing; in response to the request, identifying product identification information for the product listing; selecting, from a set of identification entries, a matching identification entry using the product identification information by comparing the product identification information to one or more identification entries in the set of identification entries; and assigning the matching identification entry to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation. 3. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein the product identification information comprises at least one selected from the following: a product title and a product description. 4. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises comparing text of the product identification information to text of the one or more identification entries. 5. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises:
determining a distance between the product identification information and each of the one or more identification entries using a distance function; and selecting the matching identification entry based on the distance determined for the matching identification entry. 6. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein the operations further comprise associating a budget with the product listing for use in selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation. 7. The machine-readable medium of claim 6, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation, the selecting including determining the budget associated with the product listing has not been exceeded. 8. The machine-readable medium of claim 2, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation on a web page based on the matching identification entry matching an identification entry determined for the web page. 9. A computer system comprising:
a processor; and a machine-readable medium embodying instructions that, when used by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising: receiving a request from a user device, the request including an identification of a product listing; in response to the request, identifying product identification information for the product listing; selecting, from a set of identification entries, a matching identification entry using the product identification information by comparing the product identification information to one or more identification entries in the set of identification entries; and assigning the matching identification entry to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation. 10. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the product identification information comprises at least one selected from the following: a product title and a product description. 11. The computer system of claim 9, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises comparing text of the product identification information to text of the one or more identification entries. 12. The computer system of claim 9, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises:
determining a distance between the product identification information and each of the one or more identification entries using a distance function; and selecting the matching identification entry based on the distance determined for the matching identification entry. 13. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise associating a budget with the product listing for use in selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation. 14. The computer system of claim 13, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation, the selecting including determining the budget associated with the product listing has not been exceeded. 15. The computer system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation on a web page based on the matching identification entry matching an identification entry determined for the web page. 16. A computer-implemented method comprising:
receiving a request from a user device, the request including an identification of a product listing; in response to the request, identifying product identification information for the product listing; selecting, from a set of identification entries, a matching identification entry using the product identification information by comparing the product identification information to one or more identification entries in the set of identification entries; and assigning the matching identification entry to the product listing for use in selecting content regarding the product listing for presentation. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the product identification information comprises at least one selected from the following: a product title and a product description. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises comparing text of the product identification information to text of the one or more identification entries. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein selecting the matching identification entry comprises:
determining a distance between the product identification information and each of the one or more identification entries using a distance function; and selecting the matching identification entry based on the distance determined for the matching identification entry. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises associating a budget with the product listing for use in selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the method further comprises selecting the content regarding the product listing for presentation, the selecting including determining the budget associated with the product listing has not been exceeded. | 1,700 |
341,596 | 16,801,907 | 1,771 | A sign or other marking that is illuminated by an LED lamp, e.g., in a vehicle headlamp is described. The sign employs spectral shifting to increase the power or energy reflected by the sign when illuminated by the LED lamp, which has a significant power peak in the blue spectrum. The spectral shifting can be done in a conversion layer on top of a reflective layer. The reflective layer can include quantum dots to increase its efficiency in reflecting light. | 1. A sign illuminated by a light source, the light source configured to emit light in a spectral range, the sign comprising:
a base; and a light conversion material supported by the base and configured to receive the light emitted by the light source and to convert the light into a different spectral range. 2. The sign of claim 1, further comprising a light reflective material supported by the base, the light reflective material being less efficient at reflecting the light in the spectral range and more efficient at reflecting the light in the different spectral range. 3. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light reflective material reflects the light in the spectral range being a target spectral range, and the light conversion material converts the light into the target spectral range, wherein a combination of reflected light and converted light increases an illumination intensity of the sign. 4. The sign of claim 3, wherein the light conversion material is provided as a light conversion layer overlying the light reflective material, wherein the light conversion material emits light having a spectral range matching at least a dominant spectral wavelength of light reflected by the light reflective material. 5. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light generated by the light source is in a blue spectral range. 6. The sign of claim 5, wherein the light in the blue spectral range is generated by a light source configured as a blue light emitting diode. 7. The sign of claim 5, wherein the light conversion material is configured to up-convert the received light in the blue spectral range into a spectral range matching a spectral range of light reflected by the light reflective material. 8. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light conversion material converts light in the in a blue spectral range with a peak power in a range of 450-460 nm to above the range of 450-460 nm. 1. n of claim 1, wherein the light conversion material is configured to generate light in response a photoluminescent based excitation of the light conversion material by the received light. 10. The sign of claim 9, wherein the light conversion material comprises a plurality of quantum dot particles. 11. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light conversion material is provided as a light conversion layer on at least part of the light reflective layer, wherein the light reflective layer is configured to reflect the light converted into the different spectral range. 12. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light conversion material is intermingled with the light reflective material. 13. The sign of claim 1, wherein the base supports at least one of a background region and an information region next to the background region, wherein at least one of the background region and the information region is enhanced by the light conversion material. 14. The sign of claim 13, wherein the sign is configured as a road sign and the information region is configured for providing at least one of road instructions and road information. 15. A sign illuminated by an LED lamp, comprising:
a first colored region having a first level of reflected light, the first colored region including a first dopant to reflect light incident thereon; and a second colored region having a second level of reflected light, the second colored region including a second dopant to reflect light incident thereon; wherein the first dopant and the second dopant are tuned so that light reflected from the first colored region is reflected at a first intensity and the second colored region is reflected at a second intensity. 16. The sign of claim 15, wherein the first dopant and the second dopant are quantum dots. 17. The sign of claim 16, further including a conversion layer on the first colored region and the second colored region, the conversion layer including a first section comprising the first dopant on the first colored region and a second section comprising the second dopant on the second colored region with the color conversion being different in second section than in the first section. 18. The sign of claim 15, wherein the LED lamp is configured to emit light predominantly having a range of blue wavelengths, and wherein at least one of the first dopant and the second dopant are tuned to emit light in response to the range of blue wavelengths. 19. The sign of claim 15, wherein the first dopant and the second dopant are tuned so that light reflected from the first colored region is reflected at a first intensity and the second colored region is reflected at a second intensity, wherein the first intensity and the second intensity are one of different and essentially the same. 20. A method of increasing an illumination intensity of a road marking illuminated by incident light emitted by a light source, comprising the steps of:
providing a reflective material efficient at reflecting light in a spectral range and absorbing light outside of the spectral range; providing a light conversion material in association with the reflective material, the light conversion material configured to convert the incident light into light having the spectral range; and combining the incident light reflected in the spectral range and the incident light converted into the spectral range to illuminate the road marking. | A sign or other marking that is illuminated by an LED lamp, e.g., in a vehicle headlamp is described. The sign employs spectral shifting to increase the power or energy reflected by the sign when illuminated by the LED lamp, which has a significant power peak in the blue spectrum. The spectral shifting can be done in a conversion layer on top of a reflective layer. The reflective layer can include quantum dots to increase its efficiency in reflecting light.1. A sign illuminated by a light source, the light source configured to emit light in a spectral range, the sign comprising:
a base; and a light conversion material supported by the base and configured to receive the light emitted by the light source and to convert the light into a different spectral range. 2. The sign of claim 1, further comprising a light reflective material supported by the base, the light reflective material being less efficient at reflecting the light in the spectral range and more efficient at reflecting the light in the different spectral range. 3. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light reflective material reflects the light in the spectral range being a target spectral range, and the light conversion material converts the light into the target spectral range, wherein a combination of reflected light and converted light increases an illumination intensity of the sign. 4. The sign of claim 3, wherein the light conversion material is provided as a light conversion layer overlying the light reflective material, wherein the light conversion material emits light having a spectral range matching at least a dominant spectral wavelength of light reflected by the light reflective material. 5. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light generated by the light source is in a blue spectral range. 6. The sign of claim 5, wherein the light in the blue spectral range is generated by a light source configured as a blue light emitting diode. 7. The sign of claim 5, wherein the light conversion material is configured to up-convert the received light in the blue spectral range into a spectral range matching a spectral range of light reflected by the light reflective material. 8. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light conversion material converts light in the in a blue spectral range with a peak power in a range of 450-460 nm to above the range of 450-460 nm. 1. n of claim 1, wherein the light conversion material is configured to generate light in response a photoluminescent based excitation of the light conversion material by the received light. 10. The sign of claim 9, wherein the light conversion material comprises a plurality of quantum dot particles. 11. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light conversion material is provided as a light conversion layer on at least part of the light reflective layer, wherein the light reflective layer is configured to reflect the light converted into the different spectral range. 12. The sign of claim 2, wherein the light conversion material is intermingled with the light reflective material. 13. The sign of claim 1, wherein the base supports at least one of a background region and an information region next to the background region, wherein at least one of the background region and the information region is enhanced by the light conversion material. 14. The sign of claim 13, wherein the sign is configured as a road sign and the information region is configured for providing at least one of road instructions and road information. 15. A sign illuminated by an LED lamp, comprising:
a first colored region having a first level of reflected light, the first colored region including a first dopant to reflect light incident thereon; and a second colored region having a second level of reflected light, the second colored region including a second dopant to reflect light incident thereon; wherein the first dopant and the second dopant are tuned so that light reflected from the first colored region is reflected at a first intensity and the second colored region is reflected at a second intensity. 16. The sign of claim 15, wherein the first dopant and the second dopant are quantum dots. 17. The sign of claim 16, further including a conversion layer on the first colored region and the second colored region, the conversion layer including a first section comprising the first dopant on the first colored region and a second section comprising the second dopant on the second colored region with the color conversion being different in second section than in the first section. 18. The sign of claim 15, wherein the LED lamp is configured to emit light predominantly having a range of blue wavelengths, and wherein at least one of the first dopant and the second dopant are tuned to emit light in response to the range of blue wavelengths. 19. The sign of claim 15, wherein the first dopant and the second dopant are tuned so that light reflected from the first colored region is reflected at a first intensity and the second colored region is reflected at a second intensity, wherein the first intensity and the second intensity are one of different and essentially the same. 20. A method of increasing an illumination intensity of a road marking illuminated by incident light emitted by a light source, comprising the steps of:
providing a reflective material efficient at reflecting light in a spectral range and absorbing light outside of the spectral range; providing a light conversion material in association with the reflective material, the light conversion material configured to convert the incident light into light having the spectral range; and combining the incident light reflected in the spectral range and the incident light converted into the spectral range to illuminate the road marking. | 1,700 |
341,597 | 16,801,947 | 1,771 | A framework for dynamic network resource allocation and energy saving based on the real-time environment, radio network information, and machine learning (ML) can be utilized via a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC). Real-time and predicted network utilization can facilitate resource and energy savings by leveraging the RIC platform. For example, a network information base (NIB) in the RIC platform can collects RAN and user equipment (UE) resource related information in real time and provides the abstraction of the access network in the real time. ML can predict real-time information about the UEs at time t based on data analytics and real time radio resource needs. The RIC can then instruct the network to reduce or increase resources. | 1. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a wireless network device comprising a processor, state data representative of a state of a group of mobile devices as the group of mobile devices approaches the wireless network device; receiving, by the wireless network device, distance data representative of a distance of the group of mobile devices from the network device; as a function of the state data and the distance data, generating, by the wireless network device, a trigger condition to trigger a resource allocation of a network resource; and in response to the generating the trigger condition, monitoring, by the wireless network device, the state data and the distance data of the group of mobile devices to determine whether the trigger condition has been satisfied. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the network resource is a microservice for use by the mobile devices. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
in response to the monitoring the state data, determining, by the wireless network device, that the trigger condition has been satisfied. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
in response to the determining that the trigger condition has been satisfied, applying, by the wireless network device, the microservice to the group of mobile devices. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the trigger condition is a function of a location of the mobile device in relation to the wireless network device. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the trigger condition is generated via a machine learning process. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
in response to the monitoring the distance data, terminating, by the wireless network device, a microservice to be applied to the group of mobile devices. 8. A system, comprising:
a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:
receiving state data representative of a state of mobile devices as the mobile devices approach a network device at a same rate of speed;
receiving distance data representative of a distance of the mobile devices from the network device;
as a function of the state data and the distance data, applying a trigger condition to trigger an action associated with applying a microservice to the mobile devices; and
in response to the applying the trigger condition, monitoring the state data and the distance data of the mobile devices to determine whether the trigger condition has been satisfied. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the monitoring, allocating the microservice to the mobile devices. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the mobile devices are located at a location within the distance. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the location is a first location, and wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the determining that the mobile devices are located at the first location initiating the microservice for the mobile devices to utilize upon arriving a second location associated with the network device. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the initiating the microservice, terminating the microservice based on a predicted time associated with the mobile devices being located at the second location. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to modifying the action, resulting in a modified action, receiving performance data representative of a performance associated with the modified action. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the mobile devices being determined to have departed the second location, updating a machine-learning data structure associated with allocating the microservice. 15. A machine-readable medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:
receiving state data representative of a state of mobile devices as the mobile devices approach a network device at a same rate of speed; receiving distance data representative of a distance of the mobile devices from the network device; receiving time data representative of a time associated with the mobile devices arriving at a location associated with the network device; and as a function of the state data, the time data, and the distance data, generating a trigger condition to trigger an action associated with applying a microservice to the mobile devices. 16. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the generating the trigger condition, monitoring the time data, the state data, and the distance data to determine if the trigger condition has been satisfied. 17. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to determining that the trigger condition has been satisfied, performing the applying the microservice to the mobile devices. 18. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to determining that the trigger condition has been satisfied, allocating the microservice to the mobile devices. 19. The machine-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the operations further comprise:
based on a dispersion of the mobile devices, partitioning the mobile devices into a first group of the mobile devices and a second group of the mobile devices. 20. The machine-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the time is a first time, wherein the location is a first location, and wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the partitioning the mobile devices, allocating the microservice to the first group of the mobile devices, wherein the first group of the mobile devices are predicted to arrive at a second location at a second time. | A framework for dynamic network resource allocation and energy saving based on the real-time environment, radio network information, and machine learning (ML) can be utilized via a radio access network (RAN) intelligent controller (RIC). Real-time and predicted network utilization can facilitate resource and energy savings by leveraging the RIC platform. For example, a network information base (NIB) in the RIC platform can collects RAN and user equipment (UE) resource related information in real time and provides the abstraction of the access network in the real time. ML can predict real-time information about the UEs at time t based on data analytics and real time radio resource needs. The RIC can then instruct the network to reduce or increase resources.1. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a wireless network device comprising a processor, state data representative of a state of a group of mobile devices as the group of mobile devices approaches the wireless network device; receiving, by the wireless network device, distance data representative of a distance of the group of mobile devices from the network device; as a function of the state data and the distance data, generating, by the wireless network device, a trigger condition to trigger a resource allocation of a network resource; and in response to the generating the trigger condition, monitoring, by the wireless network device, the state data and the distance data of the group of mobile devices to determine whether the trigger condition has been satisfied. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the network resource is a microservice for use by the mobile devices. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
in response to the monitoring the state data, determining, by the wireless network device, that the trigger condition has been satisfied. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
in response to the determining that the trigger condition has been satisfied, applying, by the wireless network device, the microservice to the group of mobile devices. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the trigger condition is a function of a location of the mobile device in relation to the wireless network device. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the trigger condition is generated via a machine learning process. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
in response to the monitoring the distance data, terminating, by the wireless network device, a microservice to be applied to the group of mobile devices. 8. A system, comprising:
a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:
receiving state data representative of a state of mobile devices as the mobile devices approach a network device at a same rate of speed;
receiving distance data representative of a distance of the mobile devices from the network device;
as a function of the state data and the distance data, applying a trigger condition to trigger an action associated with applying a microservice to the mobile devices; and
in response to the applying the trigger condition, monitoring the state data and the distance data of the mobile devices to determine whether the trigger condition has been satisfied. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the monitoring, allocating the microservice to the mobile devices. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the mobile devices are located at a location within the distance. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the location is a first location, and wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the determining that the mobile devices are located at the first location initiating the microservice for the mobile devices to utilize upon arriving a second location associated with the network device. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the initiating the microservice, terminating the microservice based on a predicted time associated with the mobile devices being located at the second location. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to modifying the action, resulting in a modified action, receiving performance data representative of a performance associated with the modified action. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the mobile devices being determined to have departed the second location, updating a machine-learning data structure associated with allocating the microservice. 15. A machine-readable medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:
receiving state data representative of a state of mobile devices as the mobile devices approach a network device at a same rate of speed; receiving distance data representative of a distance of the mobile devices from the network device; receiving time data representative of a time associated with the mobile devices arriving at a location associated with the network device; and as a function of the state data, the time data, and the distance data, generating a trigger condition to trigger an action associated with applying a microservice to the mobile devices. 16. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the generating the trigger condition, monitoring the time data, the state data, and the distance data to determine if the trigger condition has been satisfied. 17. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to determining that the trigger condition has been satisfied, performing the applying the microservice to the mobile devices. 18. The machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to determining that the trigger condition has been satisfied, allocating the microservice to the mobile devices. 19. The machine-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the operations further comprise:
based on a dispersion of the mobile devices, partitioning the mobile devices into a first group of the mobile devices and a second group of the mobile devices. 20. The machine-readable medium of claim 19, wherein the time is a first time, wherein the location is a first location, and wherein the operations further comprise:
in response to the partitioning the mobile devices, allocating the microservice to the first group of the mobile devices, wherein the first group of the mobile devices are predicted to arrive at a second location at a second time. | 1,700 |
341,598 | 16,801,951 | 1,771 | An image forming apparatus includes: a text extractor that analyses an image of an original document read by an image reading device and extracts a text in the original document and location information on the text in association with each other; an acquirer that acquires correspondence information in which a keyword and specification information are associated with each other; a searcher that searches the text in the original document for a target term matching the keyword; an identifier that identifies a location of the target term within the image of the original document from the location information on the text extracted by the text extractor; and an image data generator that generates image data in which an image in a mode of presentation specified by the specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier. | 1. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an image reading device that reads an image of an original document; an original document image storage device that stores the image of the original document read by the image reading device; and a control device that includes a processor and functions, through the processor executing a control program, as: a text extractor that analyses the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device and extracts a text in the original document and location information on the text in association with each other; an acquirer that acquires correspondence information in which a predetermined keyword and a predetermined piece of specification information specifying a mode of presentation in a location of the keyword are associated with each other; a searcher that searches the text in the original document extracted by the text extractor for a target term matching the keyword of the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer; an identifier that identifies the target term for which the searcher has searched, and also identifies a location of the target term within the image of the original document from the location information on the text extracted by the text extractor; and an image data generator that generates image data in which an image presented in the mode of presentation specified by the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the correspondence information is data in a CSV (comma separated value) format which includes at least one unit of information consisting of a set containing the predetermined keyword, a pair of parentheses placed just after the keyword, and the piece of specification information placed in the pair of parentheses and in which when including a plurality of units of information, a comma is placed between each adjacent pair of the plurality of units of information to separate each unit of information with the comma, the acquirer acquires the one unit or plurality of units of information constituting the correspondence information, when the correspondence information is composed of the one unit of information, the searcher searches the text in the original document extracted by the text extractor for a target term matching the keyword of the one unit of information acquired by the acquirer, when the correspondence information is composed of the plurality of units of information, the searcher searches the text for a plurality of target terms matching the respective keywords of the plurality of units of information acquired by the acquirer, the identifier identifies the one or plurality of target terms for which the searcher has searched, and identifies a location or locations of the one or plurality of target terms within the image of the original document from the location information on the text extracted by the text extractor, when the correspondence information is composed of the one unit of information, the image data generator generates image data in which an image presented in the mode of presentation specified by the piece of specification information in the one unit of information acquired by the acquirer is synthesized on the location of the one target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device, and when the correspondence information is composed of the plurality of units of information, the image data generator generates image data in which respective images in the modes of presentation specified by the pieces of specification information in the plurality of units of information acquired by the acquirer are associated and synthesized with the respective locations of the plurality of target terms identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the acquirer acquires, as the predetermined piece of specification information, a piece of information specifying a color, shading, underlining or addition of a strike-through line in the location of the keyword. 4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the correspondence information further contains a piece of replacement information placed within the pair of parentheses and just after the predetermined piece of specification information, the piece of replacement information is composed of: a replacement mark placed just after the predetermined piece of specification information; and a replacement term placed just after the replacement mark and to replace the target term, the control device further functions, through the processor executing the control program, as: a determiner that determines whether or not the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer contains the piece of replacement information; and a replacement term image generator that generates, when the determiner determines that the correspondence information contains the piece of replacement information, an image of the replacement term to replace the target term identified by the identifier, and when the determiner determines that the correspondence information contains the piece of replacement information, the image data generator generates image data in which an image presented in the mode of presentation specified by the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer and the image of the replacement term generated by the replacement term image generator are synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein
the replacement term image generator generates the image of the replacement term formed by superimposing a colored letter image of the replacement term on a background image having opacity, and when the determiner determines that the correspondence information contains the piece of replacement information, the image data generator generates image data in which the image of the replacement term generated by the replacement term image generator is superimposed on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device and an image presented in a mode of presentation having a transparency and specified by the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is further superimposed on the image of the replacement term. 6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a font data storage device that stores a predetermined font name and font data corresponding to the font name in association with each other, wherein the control device further functions, through the processor executing the control program, as: a discriminator that discriminates whether or not the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is the font name; and a font image generator that generates, when the discriminator determines that the piece of specification information in the correspondence information is the font name, an image of a term in a specified font for the target term identified by the identifier, the specified font being represented using the font data corresponding to the font name stored in the font data storage device, and when the discriminator determines that the piece of specification information in the correspondence information is the font name, the image data generator generates image data in which the image of the term in the specified font generated by the font image generator is synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the image reading device reads an image of a print on which the correspondence information is printed, the image forming apparatus further comprises a print image storage device that stores the image of the print read by the image reading device, and the acquirer analyses the image of the print stored in the print image storage device and extracts the correspondence information in the print to acquire the correspondence information. 8. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1,
further comprising an image forming device that forms an image on a recording paper sheet, wherein the control device further functions, through the processor executing the control program, as a controller that allows the image forming device to form on a recording paper sheet an image represented by the image data generated by the image data generator. | An image forming apparatus includes: a text extractor that analyses an image of an original document read by an image reading device and extracts a text in the original document and location information on the text in association with each other; an acquirer that acquires correspondence information in which a keyword and specification information are associated with each other; a searcher that searches the text in the original document for a target term matching the keyword; an identifier that identifies a location of the target term within the image of the original document from the location information on the text extracted by the text extractor; and an image data generator that generates image data in which an image in a mode of presentation specified by the specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier.1. An image forming apparatus comprising:
an image reading device that reads an image of an original document; an original document image storage device that stores the image of the original document read by the image reading device; and a control device that includes a processor and functions, through the processor executing a control program, as: a text extractor that analyses the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device and extracts a text in the original document and location information on the text in association with each other; an acquirer that acquires correspondence information in which a predetermined keyword and a predetermined piece of specification information specifying a mode of presentation in a location of the keyword are associated with each other; a searcher that searches the text in the original document extracted by the text extractor for a target term matching the keyword of the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer; an identifier that identifies the target term for which the searcher has searched, and also identifies a location of the target term within the image of the original document from the location information on the text extracted by the text extractor; and an image data generator that generates image data in which an image presented in the mode of presentation specified by the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the correspondence information is data in a CSV (comma separated value) format which includes at least one unit of information consisting of a set containing the predetermined keyword, a pair of parentheses placed just after the keyword, and the piece of specification information placed in the pair of parentheses and in which when including a plurality of units of information, a comma is placed between each adjacent pair of the plurality of units of information to separate each unit of information with the comma, the acquirer acquires the one unit or plurality of units of information constituting the correspondence information, when the correspondence information is composed of the one unit of information, the searcher searches the text in the original document extracted by the text extractor for a target term matching the keyword of the one unit of information acquired by the acquirer, when the correspondence information is composed of the plurality of units of information, the searcher searches the text for a plurality of target terms matching the respective keywords of the plurality of units of information acquired by the acquirer, the identifier identifies the one or plurality of target terms for which the searcher has searched, and identifies a location or locations of the one or plurality of target terms within the image of the original document from the location information on the text extracted by the text extractor, when the correspondence information is composed of the one unit of information, the image data generator generates image data in which an image presented in the mode of presentation specified by the piece of specification information in the one unit of information acquired by the acquirer is synthesized on the location of the one target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device, and when the correspondence information is composed of the plurality of units of information, the image data generator generates image data in which respective images in the modes of presentation specified by the pieces of specification information in the plurality of units of information acquired by the acquirer are associated and synthesized with the respective locations of the plurality of target terms identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the acquirer acquires, as the predetermined piece of specification information, a piece of information specifying a color, shading, underlining or addition of a strike-through line in the location of the keyword. 4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the correspondence information further contains a piece of replacement information placed within the pair of parentheses and just after the predetermined piece of specification information, the piece of replacement information is composed of: a replacement mark placed just after the predetermined piece of specification information; and a replacement term placed just after the replacement mark and to replace the target term, the control device further functions, through the processor executing the control program, as: a determiner that determines whether or not the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer contains the piece of replacement information; and a replacement term image generator that generates, when the determiner determines that the correspondence information contains the piece of replacement information, an image of the replacement term to replace the target term identified by the identifier, and when the determiner determines that the correspondence information contains the piece of replacement information, the image data generator generates image data in which an image presented in the mode of presentation specified by the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer and the image of the replacement term generated by the replacement term image generator are synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein
the replacement term image generator generates the image of the replacement term formed by superimposing a colored letter image of the replacement term on a background image having opacity, and when the determiner determines that the correspondence information contains the piece of replacement information, the image data generator generates image data in which the image of the replacement term generated by the replacement term image generator is superimposed on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device and an image presented in a mode of presentation having a transparency and specified by the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is further superimposed on the image of the replacement term. 6. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a font data storage device that stores a predetermined font name and font data corresponding to the font name in association with each other, wherein the control device further functions, through the processor executing the control program, as: a discriminator that discriminates whether or not the piece of specification information in the correspondence information acquired by the acquirer is the font name; and a font image generator that generates, when the discriminator determines that the piece of specification information in the correspondence information is the font name, an image of a term in a specified font for the target term identified by the identifier, the specified font being represented using the font data corresponding to the font name stored in the font data storage device, and when the discriminator determines that the piece of specification information in the correspondence information is the font name, the image data generator generates image data in which the image of the term in the specified font generated by the font image generator is synthesized on the location of the target term identified by the identifier and being within the image of the original document stored in the original document image storage device. 7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the image reading device reads an image of a print on which the correspondence information is printed, the image forming apparatus further comprises a print image storage device that stores the image of the print read by the image reading device, and the acquirer analyses the image of the print stored in the print image storage device and extracts the correspondence information in the print to acquire the correspondence information. 8. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1,
further comprising an image forming device that forms an image on a recording paper sheet, wherein the control device further functions, through the processor executing the control program, as a controller that allows the image forming device to form on a recording paper sheet an image represented by the image data generated by the image data generator. | 1,700 |
341,599 | 16,801,909 | 1,771 | A porous body for a fuel cell is interposed between a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) and a bipolar plate to form a gas channel through which a reactant gas flows in a predetermined direction, the porous body including: a main body disposed to contact the bipolar plate; and a plurality of ribs each including a land portion disposed to contact the MEA and a connecting portion connecting the land portion to the main body, in which an area of the land portion is gradually narrowed from an upstream part to a downstream part of the gas channel. | 1. A porous body for a fuel cell, which is interposed between a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) and a bipolar plate to form a gas channel through which a reactant gas flows in a predetermined direction, the porous body comprising:
a main body disposed to contact the bipolar plate; and a plurality of ribs each including a land portion disposed to contact the MEA and a connecting portion connecting the land portion to the main body, wherein the gas channel includes a power generation section facing the MEA and a diffusion section located above the power generation section in an upstream part of the gas channel, and an area of a land portion of a rib located in the diffusion section is narrower in a direction of gas flow than an area of a land portion of a rib located in the power generation section. 2. The porous body according to claim 1, wherein the gas channel further includes an exhaust section located below the power generation section in a downstream part of the gas channel, and
an area of a land portion of a rib located in the exhaust section is narrower in the direction of gas flow than the area of the land portion of the rib located in the power generation section. 3. The porous body according to claim 2, wherein the connecting portion is inclined at a predetermined angle of inclination with respect to the direction of gas flow, and
an angle of inclination is higher in the ribs located in the diffusion section and the exhaust section than in the rib located in the power generation section. 4. The porous body according to claim 1, wherein a gas diffusion layer is attached to the MEA, and
the porous body is interposed between the gas diffusion layer and the bipolar plate. | A porous body for a fuel cell is interposed between a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) and a bipolar plate to form a gas channel through which a reactant gas flows in a predetermined direction, the porous body including: a main body disposed to contact the bipolar plate; and a plurality of ribs each including a land portion disposed to contact the MEA and a connecting portion connecting the land portion to the main body, in which an area of the land portion is gradually narrowed from an upstream part to a downstream part of the gas channel.1. A porous body for a fuel cell, which is interposed between a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) and a bipolar plate to form a gas channel through which a reactant gas flows in a predetermined direction, the porous body comprising:
a main body disposed to contact the bipolar plate; and a plurality of ribs each including a land portion disposed to contact the MEA and a connecting portion connecting the land portion to the main body, wherein the gas channel includes a power generation section facing the MEA and a diffusion section located above the power generation section in an upstream part of the gas channel, and an area of a land portion of a rib located in the diffusion section is narrower in a direction of gas flow than an area of a land portion of a rib located in the power generation section. 2. The porous body according to claim 1, wherein the gas channel further includes an exhaust section located below the power generation section in a downstream part of the gas channel, and
an area of a land portion of a rib located in the exhaust section is narrower in the direction of gas flow than the area of the land portion of the rib located in the power generation section. 3. The porous body according to claim 2, wherein the connecting portion is inclined at a predetermined angle of inclination with respect to the direction of gas flow, and
an angle of inclination is higher in the ribs located in the diffusion section and the exhaust section than in the rib located in the power generation section. 4. The porous body according to claim 1, wherein a gas diffusion layer is attached to the MEA, and
the porous body is interposed between the gas diffusion layer and the bipolar plate. | 1,700 |
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