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339,800 | 16,800,752 | 2,173 | A method for invoking a procedure by a first network node in a computer system comprising the first network node and a second network node is provided. The method includes detecting a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on a screen space of the first network node, obtaining an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture, the workflow procedure having an input parameter, mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from a data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object, obtaining an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information, and invoking the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. | 1. A method for invoking a procedure by a first network node in a computer system comprising the first network node and a second network node, the method comprising:
accessing, by the first network node, a stored data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; generating a graphical object representing a digital asset in a screen space of a display of the first network node by (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; detecting a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space; obtaining an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture or the user interaction event, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; obtaining an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and invoking the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the identification of the input parameter including obtaining at least one of (i) an identifier of the digital asset linked to the identified event, (ii) the location of the graphical object, (iii) an owner of the digital asset linked to the graphical object and (iv) a user associated with the digital asset linked to the graphical object, as the identified input parameter of the identified workflow procedure. 3. The method of claim 1,
wherein the digital asset is at least one of (i) an external third-party application and (ii) an internal built-in user level object, and wherein the graphical object linked to the digital asset is a container representing the external third-party application. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the external third-party application. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the container loads a specific URL associated with the external third-party application and the URL is obtained from the data set using information from the data set associated with the graphical object. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital asset is a natively integrated third-party application and the graphical object linked to the digital asset is a container representing the natively integrated third-party application. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the natively integrated third-party application. 8. The method of claim 1,
wherein the method further comprises generating a second graphical object representing a second digital asset in the screen space of a display by (i) identifying a second event having a location in the viewport, the identified second event being linked, by the data set, to the second digital asset represented by the second graphical object and (iii) placing the second graphical object, which represents the second digital asset that is linked to the identified second event, on the screen space according to a location of the second graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set, wherein the mapping of the locations further maps a second location, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the second graphical object on the screen space to obtain, from the data set, an identification of second corresponding information associated with the second graphical object, wherein the method further comprises obtaining an identification of a second input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information, and wherein the invoking of the identified workflow procedure invokes the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter and the identified second input parameter. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein workflow procedure invokes the second digital asset to perform an operation using information related to the digital asset. 10. The method of claim 9, the second digital asset is an external third-party application and the second graphical object linked to the second digital asset is a container representing the external third-party application. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the external third-party application. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the second digital asset is a natively integrated third-party application and the second graphical object linked to the second digital asset is a container representing the natively integrated third-party application. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the natively integrated third-party application. 14. The method of claim 9,
wherein the digital asset is an electronic document and the second digital asset is an image extractor, and wherein the workflow procedure invokes the second digital asset to extract an image from the electronic document. 15. The method of claim 14,
wherein the generating of the graphical object further generates a third graphical object representing a third digital asset, and wherein the third digital asset is an image sender and saver, and wherein the workflow procedure further invokes the third digital asset to perform at least one of (i) sending the extracted image to a specific user and (ii) saving the extracted image to a specific folder location. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the gesture is a touch gesture. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the gesture is a combination of a touch gesture and a non-touch gesture. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the workflow procedure includes at least one of (i) invoking display of a new graphical object in the screen space requesting a user to identify a target user to which the digital asset is to be shared, (ii) changing a status of the digital asset, (iii) assigning a status of the digital asset and (iv) approving the digital asset. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises generating a graphical interface in the screen space that (i) accepts an input of a user-defined gesture (ii) allows the user to define a custom workflow procedure that is associated with the user-defined gesture and (iii) allows the user to designate a custom input parameter of the custom workflow procedure. 20. The method of claim 19,
wherein the detecting of the gesture further detects the user-defined gesture as the detected gesture, wherein the obtaining of the identification of the workflow procedure obtains an identification of the custom workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the user-defined gesture, wherein the obtaining of the identification of the input parameter obtains an identification of the custom input parameter, and wherein the invoking of the identified workflow procedure invokes the custom workflow procedure according to the identified custom input parameter. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to the invoking of the identified workflow, displaying a user interface on the screen space that allows the user to preview actions to be performed by the identified workflow procedure and allows the user to select one of (i) approving the identified workflow procedure, (ii) cancelling the identified workflow procedure and (iii) editing the identified workflow procedure for subsequent invoking of the edited workflow procedure. 22. A computer system, comprising:
a first network node having a first communication module and a first processor, the first network node comprising logic, executable by the first processor, to: access, by the first network node, a stored data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; generate a graphical object representing a digital asset in a screen space of a display of the first network node by (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; detect a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space; obtain an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture or the user interaction event, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; map locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; obtain an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and invoke the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. 23. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium impressed with computer program instructions to implement a collaborative workspace system including a first network node having a communication module, a processor and a database accessible thereto, the instructions, when executed on a processor, implement a method comprising:
accessing, by the first network node, a stored data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; generating a graphical object representing a digital asset in a screen space of a display of the first network node by (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; detecting a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space; obtaining an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture or the user interaction event, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; obtaining an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and invoking the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. 24. A method for invoking a procedure by a second network node in a computer system comprising a first network node and the second network node, the method comprising:
storing, by the second network node, a data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; providing, to the first network node and for display in a screen space of a display of the first network node, display information related to a graphical object representing a digital asset, the display information allowing for (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; providing, to the first network node, an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of a detected gesture or a detected user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; providing, to the first network node, mapping information mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space; providing, to the first network node and from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; providing, to the first network node, an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and facilitating invocation of the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. | A method for invoking a procedure by a first network node in a computer system comprising the first network node and a second network node is provided. The method includes detecting a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on a screen space of the first network node, obtaining an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture, the workflow procedure having an input parameter, mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from a data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object, obtaining an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information, and invoking the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter.1. A method for invoking a procedure by a first network node in a computer system comprising the first network node and a second network node, the method comprising:
accessing, by the first network node, a stored data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; generating a graphical object representing a digital asset in a screen space of a display of the first network node by (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; detecting a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space; obtaining an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture or the user interaction event, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; obtaining an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and invoking the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the identification of the input parameter including obtaining at least one of (i) an identifier of the digital asset linked to the identified event, (ii) the location of the graphical object, (iii) an owner of the digital asset linked to the graphical object and (iv) a user associated with the digital asset linked to the graphical object, as the identified input parameter of the identified workflow procedure. 3. The method of claim 1,
wherein the digital asset is at least one of (i) an external third-party application and (ii) an internal built-in user level object, and wherein the graphical object linked to the digital asset is a container representing the external third-party application. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the external third-party application. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the container loads a specific URL associated with the external third-party application and the URL is obtained from the data set using information from the data set associated with the graphical object. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital asset is a natively integrated third-party application and the graphical object linked to the digital asset is a container representing the natively integrated third-party application. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the natively integrated third-party application. 8. The method of claim 1,
wherein the method further comprises generating a second graphical object representing a second digital asset in the screen space of a display by (i) identifying a second event having a location in the viewport, the identified second event being linked, by the data set, to the second digital asset represented by the second graphical object and (iii) placing the second graphical object, which represents the second digital asset that is linked to the identified second event, on the screen space according to a location of the second graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set, wherein the mapping of the locations further maps a second location, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the second graphical object on the screen space to obtain, from the data set, an identification of second corresponding information associated with the second graphical object, wherein the method further comprises obtaining an identification of a second input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information, and wherein the invoking of the identified workflow procedure invokes the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter and the identified second input parameter. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein workflow procedure invokes the second digital asset to perform an operation using information related to the digital asset. 10. The method of claim 9, the second digital asset is an external third-party application and the second graphical object linked to the second digital asset is a container representing the external third-party application. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the external third-party application. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the second digital asset is a natively integrated third-party application and the second graphical object linked to the second digital asset is a container representing the natively integrated third-party application. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the data set includes information that allows the workflow procedure to be invoked using the natively integrated third-party application. 14. The method of claim 9,
wherein the digital asset is an electronic document and the second digital asset is an image extractor, and wherein the workflow procedure invokes the second digital asset to extract an image from the electronic document. 15. The method of claim 14,
wherein the generating of the graphical object further generates a third graphical object representing a third digital asset, and wherein the third digital asset is an image sender and saver, and wherein the workflow procedure further invokes the third digital asset to perform at least one of (i) sending the extracted image to a specific user and (ii) saving the extracted image to a specific folder location. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the gesture is a touch gesture. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the gesture is a combination of a touch gesture and a non-touch gesture. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the workflow procedure includes at least one of (i) invoking display of a new graphical object in the screen space requesting a user to identify a target user to which the digital asset is to be shared, (ii) changing a status of the digital asset, (iii) assigning a status of the digital asset and (iv) approving the digital asset. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises generating a graphical interface in the screen space that (i) accepts an input of a user-defined gesture (ii) allows the user to define a custom workflow procedure that is associated with the user-defined gesture and (iii) allows the user to designate a custom input parameter of the custom workflow procedure. 20. The method of claim 19,
wherein the detecting of the gesture further detects the user-defined gesture as the detected gesture, wherein the obtaining of the identification of the workflow procedure obtains an identification of the custom workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the user-defined gesture, wherein the obtaining of the identification of the input parameter obtains an identification of the custom input parameter, and wherein the invoking of the identified workflow procedure invokes the custom workflow procedure according to the identified custom input parameter. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to the invoking of the identified workflow, displaying a user interface on the screen space that allows the user to preview actions to be performed by the identified workflow procedure and allows the user to select one of (i) approving the identified workflow procedure, (ii) cancelling the identified workflow procedure and (iii) editing the identified workflow procedure for subsequent invoking of the edited workflow procedure. 22. A computer system, comprising:
a first network node having a first communication module and a first processor, the first network node comprising logic, executable by the first processor, to: access, by the first network node, a stored data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; generate a graphical object representing a digital asset in a screen space of a display of the first network node by (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; detect a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space; obtain an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture or the user interaction event, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; map locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; obtain an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and invoke the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. 23. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium impressed with computer program instructions to implement a collaborative workspace system including a first network node having a communication module, a processor and a database accessible thereto, the instructions, when executed on a processor, implement a method comprising:
accessing, by the first network node, a stored data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; generating a graphical object representing a digital asset in a screen space of a display of the first network node by (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; detecting a gesture or a user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space; obtaining an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of the gesture or the user interaction event, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space, to obtain, from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; obtaining an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and invoking the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. 24. A method for invoking a procedure by a second network node in a computer system comprising a first network node and the second network node, the method comprising:
storing, by the second network node, a data set, the data set identifying events linked to digital assets represented by (i) graphical objects having locations in a virtual workspace and (ii) information associated with the graphical objects, the events having locations in the virtual workspace and involving user interactions with the graphical objects representing the digital assets; providing, to the first network node and for display in a screen space of a display of the first network node, display information related to a graphical object representing a digital asset, the display information allowing for (i) mapping the screen space to a viewport in a virtual workspace (ii) identifying an event having a location in the viewport, the identified event being linked, by the data set, to the digital asset represented by the graphical object and (iii) placing the graphical object, which represents the digital asset that is linked to the identified event, on the screen space according to a location of the graphical object in the virtual workspace, as identified by the data set; providing, to the first network node, an identification of a workflow procedure in dependence upon an interpretation of a detected gesture or a detected user interaction event contacting a plurality of locations on the screen space, the workflow procedure having an input parameter; providing, to the first network node, mapping information mapping locations, included in the plurality of locations contacted by the gesture or the user interaction event, to the location of the graphical object on the screen space; providing, to the first network node and from the data set, an identification of corresponding information associated with the graphical object; providing, to the first network node, an identification of the input parameter of the identified workflow procedure in dependence upon the identified corresponding information; and facilitating invocation of the identified workflow procedure according to the identified input parameter. | 2,100 |
339,801 | 16,800,765 | 3,611 | An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing. The device comprising a motive component to provide motion to a functional component. The motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element in communication with a microcontroller configured to provide autonomous motion to the motive component. A functional component is arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged. | 1. An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing, the device comprising:
a. a motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element; b. a functional component arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged. 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of sensors in operable communication with a microcontroller, the plurality of sensors comprising a motion sensor, a thermal sensor, a proximity sensor, an optical sensor, a light sensor, a microphone in operable communication with a sound-interpretation module, one or more cameras, an infrared sensor, and one or more GPS components. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein motion element is a track belt in operable communication with a motor. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the motion element is a plurality of wheels and tires. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the motion element is pneumatically operated. 6. An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing, the device comprising:
a. a motive component to provide motion to a functional component, the motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element in communication with a microcontroller configured to provide autonomous motion to the motive component; b. a functional component arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged. 7. The device of claim 6, wherein a plurality of sensors are in operable communication with the microcontroller, the plurality of sensors comprising a motion sensor, a thermal sensor, a proximity sensor, an optical sensor, a light sensor, a microphone in operable communication with a sound-interpretation module, one or more cameras, an infrared sensor, and one or more GPS components. 8. The device of claim 6, wherein motion element is a track belt in operable communication with a motor. 9. The device of claim 6, wherein the motion element is a plurality of wheels and tires. 10. The device of claim 6, wherein the motion element is pneumatically operated. 11. The device of claim 6, wherein the functional component is comprised of a snow blower, the snowblower comprising a blade motor to operate a blade and expel snow through a direct chute discharge. 12. The device of claim 6, wherein the functional component is comprised of a lawn mower having one or more blades operable via a motor to cut grass. 13. An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing, the device comprising:
a. a network-connected motive component to provide motion to a rotationally engaged functional component, the motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element in communication with a microcontroller configured to provide at least semi-autonomous motion to the motive component; b. a network-connected functional component arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged between a lawnmower and a snowblower. 14. The device of claim 13, wherein a plurality of sensors are in operable communication with the microcontroller, the plurality of sensors comprising a motion sensor, a thermal sensor, a proximity sensor, an optical sensor, a light sensor, a microphone in operable communication with a sound-interpretation module, one or more cameras, an infrared sensor, and one or more GPS components. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein motion element is a track belt in operable communication with a motor. 16. The device of claim 14, wherein the motion element is a plurality of wheels and tires. 17. The device of claim 15, wherein the motion element is pneumatically operated. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the snowblower comprises a blade motor to operate a blade and expel snow through a direct chute discharge. 19. The device of claim 18, wherein the functional component is comprised of a lawn mower having one or more blades operable via a motor to cut grass. | An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing. The device comprising a motive component to provide motion to a functional component. The motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element in communication with a microcontroller configured to provide autonomous motion to the motive component. A functional component is arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged.1. An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing, the device comprising:
a. a motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element; b. a functional component arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged. 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of sensors in operable communication with a microcontroller, the plurality of sensors comprising a motion sensor, a thermal sensor, a proximity sensor, an optical sensor, a light sensor, a microphone in operable communication with a sound-interpretation module, one or more cameras, an infrared sensor, and one or more GPS components. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein motion element is a track belt in operable communication with a motor. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the motion element is a plurality of wheels and tires. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the motion element is pneumatically operated. 6. An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing, the device comprising:
a. a motive component to provide motion to a functional component, the motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element in communication with a microcontroller configured to provide autonomous motion to the motive component; b. a functional component arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged. 7. The device of claim 6, wherein a plurality of sensors are in operable communication with the microcontroller, the plurality of sensors comprising a motion sensor, a thermal sensor, a proximity sensor, an optical sensor, a light sensor, a microphone in operable communication with a sound-interpretation module, one or more cameras, an infrared sensor, and one or more GPS components. 8. The device of claim 6, wherein motion element is a track belt in operable communication with a motor. 9. The device of claim 6, wherein the motion element is a plurality of wheels and tires. 10. The device of claim 6, wherein the motion element is pneumatically operated. 11. The device of claim 6, wherein the functional component is comprised of a snow blower, the snowblower comprising a blade motor to operate a blade and expel snow through a direct chute discharge. 12. The device of claim 6, wherein the functional component is comprised of a lawn mower having one or more blades operable via a motor to cut grass. 13. An interchangeable device for perming the tasks of lawnmowing and snow blowing, the device comprising:
a. a network-connected motive component to provide motion to a rotationally engaged functional component, the motive component comprising a motor to drive a motion element in communication with a microcontroller configured to provide at least semi-autonomous motion to the motive component; b. a network-connected functional component arranged to perform a task, the functional component releasably engaged with the motive component to allow the functional component to be interchanged between a lawnmower and a snowblower. 14. The device of claim 13, wherein a plurality of sensors are in operable communication with the microcontroller, the plurality of sensors comprising a motion sensor, a thermal sensor, a proximity sensor, an optical sensor, a light sensor, a microphone in operable communication with a sound-interpretation module, one or more cameras, an infrared sensor, and one or more GPS components. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein motion element is a track belt in operable communication with a motor. 16. The device of claim 14, wherein the motion element is a plurality of wheels and tires. 17. The device of claim 15, wherein the motion element is pneumatically operated. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the snowblower comprises a blade motor to operate a blade and expel snow through a direct chute discharge. 19. The device of claim 18, wherein the functional component is comprised of a lawn mower having one or more blades operable via a motor to cut grass. | 3,600 |
339,802 | 16,800,744 | 3,611 | There is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, including forming a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on a substrate by sequentially repeating: (a) supplying a metal-containing gas and a reducing gas, which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, to the substrate in a process chamber by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas; (b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber; (c) supplying a nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and (d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber. | 1. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on a substrate by sequentially repeating:
(a) supplying a metal-containing gas and a reducing gas, which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, to the substrate in a process chamber by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas;
(b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber;
(c) supplying a nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and
(d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein (a), (b), (c), and (d) are sequentially repeated a plurality number of times. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the supply of the metal-containing gas is stopped while the reducing gas is supplied to the substrate. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the supply of the metal-containing gas starts while the reducing gas is not supplied to the substrate. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the supply of the metal-containing gas starts while the reducing gas is not supplied to the substrate, and the supply of the metal-containing gas is stopped while the reducing gas is supplied to the substrate. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the internal pressure of the process chamber is set to a value which falls within a range of 500 Pa to less than 2,660 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reducing gas is one of monosilane, disilane, and trisdimethylaminosilane. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal-containing gas is a halide. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal-containing gas contains a titanium element, and the metal nitride film is a titanium nitride film. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the reducing gas is supplied after a lapse of 0.01 or more and 5 seconds or less from the start of the supply of the metal-containing gas. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the internal pressure of the process chamber during the supply of the reducing gas is set higher than the internal pressure of the process chamber during the supply of only the metal-containing gas. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), a supply time of the reducing gas is set at 0.01 seconds or more and 60 seconds or less. 13. A substrate processing apparatus, comprising:
a process chamber configured to accommodate a substrate; a gas supply system configured to supply a metal-containing gas, a reducing gas which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, and a nitrogen-containing gas into the process chamber; an exhaust system configured to exhaust an interior of the process chamber; and a controller configured to control the gas supply system and the exhaust system so as to form a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on the substrate by sequentially repeating:
(a) supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas to the substrate accommodated in the process chamber by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas;
(b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber;
(c) supplying the nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and
(d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber. 14. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a program that causes, by a computer, a substrate processing apparatus to perform a process comprising:
forming a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on a substrate by sequentially repeating:
(a) supplying a metal-containing gas and a reducing gas, which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, to the substrate in a process chamber of the substrate processing apparatus by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas;
(b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber;
(c) supplying a nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and
(d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber. | There is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, including forming a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on a substrate by sequentially repeating: (a) supplying a metal-containing gas and a reducing gas, which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, to the substrate in a process chamber by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas; (b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber; (c) supplying a nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and (d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber.1. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on a substrate by sequentially repeating:
(a) supplying a metal-containing gas and a reducing gas, which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, to the substrate in a process chamber by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas;
(b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber;
(c) supplying a nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and
(d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein (a), (b), (c), and (d) are sequentially repeated a plurality number of times. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the supply of the metal-containing gas is stopped while the reducing gas is supplied to the substrate. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the supply of the metal-containing gas starts while the reducing gas is not supplied to the substrate. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the supply of the metal-containing gas starts while the reducing gas is not supplied to the substrate, and the supply of the metal-containing gas is stopped while the reducing gas is supplied to the substrate. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the internal pressure of the process chamber is set to a value which falls within a range of 500 Pa to less than 2,660 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reducing gas is one of monosilane, disilane, and trisdimethylaminosilane. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal-containing gas is a halide. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal-containing gas contains a titanium element, and the metal nitride film is a titanium nitride film. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the reducing gas is supplied after a lapse of 0.01 or more and 5 seconds or less from the start of the supply of the metal-containing gas. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), the internal pressure of the process chamber during the supply of the reducing gas is set higher than the internal pressure of the process chamber during the supply of only the metal-containing gas. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein in (a), a supply time of the reducing gas is set at 0.01 seconds or more and 60 seconds or less. 13. A substrate processing apparatus, comprising:
a process chamber configured to accommodate a substrate; a gas supply system configured to supply a metal-containing gas, a reducing gas which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, and a nitrogen-containing gas into the process chamber; an exhaust system configured to exhaust an interior of the process chamber; and a controller configured to control the gas supply system and the exhaust system so as to form a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on the substrate by sequentially repeating:
(a) supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas to the substrate accommodated in the process chamber by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas;
(b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber;
(c) supplying the nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and
(d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber. 14. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a program that causes, by a computer, a substrate processing apparatus to perform a process comprising:
forming a metal nitride film substantially not containing a silicon atom on a substrate by sequentially repeating:
(a) supplying a metal-containing gas and a reducing gas, which contains silicon and hydrogen and does not contain a halogen, to the substrate in a process chamber of the substrate processing apparatus by setting an internal pressure of the process chamber to a value which falls within a range of 130 Pa to less than 3,990 Pa during at least the supply of the reducing gas, wherein (a) includes a timing of simultaneously supplying the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas;
(b) removing the metal-containing gas and the reducing gas that remain in the process chamber;
(c) supplying a nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate; and
(d) removing the nitrogen-containing gas remaining in the process chamber. | 3,600 |
339,803 | 16,800,762 | 2,843 | An amplifier circuit includes, a first transistor and a first resistor connected in series between a power supply voltage and an output terminal. A second transistor and a second resistor are connected in series between the output terminal and a ground reference voltage. There is a first operational amplifier and a second operational amplifier. A first detection current corresponding to a voltage drop across first resistor is generated. A second detection current corresponding to a voltage drop across the second resistor is generated. A first replication circuit subtracts the second detection current from the first detection current. A third resistor conducts the current obtained by subtracting the second detection current from the first detection current. | 1. An amplifier circuit, comprising:
an output terminal; a first transistor and a first resistor that are electrically connected in series between a power supply terminal and the output terminal; a second transistor and a second resistor that are electrically connected in series between the output terminal and a ground reference voltage, the second transistor and the first transistor being different channel types; a first operational amplifier having a positive input terminal electrically connected to a first end of the first resistor and a negative input terminal electrically connected to a second end of the first resistor; a second operational amplifier having a positive input terminal electrically connected to a first end of the second resistor and a negative input terminal electrically connected to a second end of the second resistor; a third transistor having a gate electrically connected to an output terminal of the first operation amplifier, the third transistor configured to conduct a first detection current corresponding to a first voltage drop across the first resistor according to the output of the first operational amplifier; a fourth transistor having a gate electrically connected to an output terminal of the second operation amplifier, the fourth transistor configured to conduct a second detection current corresponding to a second voltage drop across the second resistor; a first current replication circuit having a first end electrically connected to a drain of the fourth transistor and a second end electrically connected to a drain of the third transistor, the first current replication circuit configured to mirror the second detection current and to cause the second detection current to be subtracted from the first detection current output at the drain of the third transistor; and a third resistor with a first end electrically connected to the ground reference voltage and a second end electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor, the third resistor conducting a current obtained by subtracting the second detection current from the first detection current. 2. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fifth transistor configured to conduct a mirrored second detection current between a source and a drain; a second current replication circuit with a first end electrically connected to a source of the third transistor and a second end electrically connected to the drain of the fifth transistor, the second current replication circuit configured to mirror the first detection current and to cause the first detection current to be subtracted from the second detection current; and a fourth resistor with a first end electrically connected to the ground reference voltage and a second end electrically connected to the drain of the fifth transistor, the fourth resistor conducting a current obtained by subtracting the first detection current from the second detection current. 3. The amplifier circuit according to claim 2, wherein
the first current replication circuit includes:
a sixth transistor with a drain and a gate electrically connected to each other and a source connected to the first end of the third resistor, and
a seventh transistor having a drain electrically connected to the second end of the third resistor, a source electrically connected to the first end of the third resistor, and a gate electrically connected to the gate of the sixth transistor, and
the second current replication circuit includes:
an eighth transistor having a drain and a gate electrically connected to each other and a source connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and
a ninth transistor having a drain electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, a source electrically connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and a gate electrically connected to the gate of the eighth transistor. 4. The amplifier circuit according to claim 2, wherein
the first current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit, and the second current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit. 5. The amplifier circuit according to claim 2, further comprising:
a first comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the third transistor and the third resistor; and a second comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the fifth transistor and the fourth resistor. 6. The amplifier circuit according to claim 5, wherein the first comparator and the second comparator each have a second input terminal receiving a reference voltage. 7. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a control circuit connected to gates of the first and second transistors. 8. The amplifier circuit according to claim 7, wherein the control circuit is a class AB control circuit. 9. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first and second transistors are metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. 10. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first transistor is a P-channel type transistor and the second transistor is a N-channel type transistor. 11. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a resistor between the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the first end of the first resistor. 12. An amplifier circuit, comprising:
a push-pull circuit including a first transistor and a second transistor of different channel types connected in series between a power supply voltage and a ground reference voltage, an output terminal being connected to a node between the first and second transistors; a first current detection circuit electrically connected between the power supply voltage and the first transistor, and configured to detect a source-drain current of the first transistor and supply a first detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the first transistor; a second current detection circuit electrically connected between the second transistor and the ground reference voltage, and configured to detect a source-drain current of the second transistor and supply a second detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the second transistor; a first current replication circuit configured to replicate the second detection current supplied by the second current detection circuit and to subtract the second detection current from the first detection current; a first resistor connected to the first current detection circuit and the first current replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the second detection current from the first detection current; a second current replication circuit configured to replicate the first detection current supplied from the first current detection circuit and to subtract the first detection current from the second detection current; and a second resistor connected to the second current detection circuit and the second current replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the first detection current from the second detection current. 13. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, wherein
the first current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit, and the second current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit. 14. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, further comprising:
a first comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the first resistor and the first current detection circuit; and a second comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the second resistor and the second current detection circuit. 15. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, further comprising:
a third resistor between the power supply voltage and the push-pull circuit; and a fourth resistor between the ground reference voltage and the push-pull circuit, wherein the first current detection circuit detects the source-drain current of the first transistor as a voltage drop across the third resistor, and the second current detection circuit detects the source-drain current of the second transistor as a voltage drop across the fourth resistor. 16. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, further comprising:
a control circuit connected to gates of the first and second transistors. 17. An amplifier circuit, comprising:
a push-pull circuit including a first transistor and a second transistor of different channel types connected in series between a power supply voltage and a ground reference voltage, an output terminal being connected to a node between the first and second transistors; a first resistor between the power supply voltage and the first transistor; a second resistor between the ground reference voltage and the second transistor; a first detection circuit configured to detect a voltage drop across the first resistor to detect a source-drain current of the first transistor, the first detection circuit supplying a first detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the first transistor; a second current detection configured to detect a voltage drop across the second resistor to detect a source-drain current of the second transistor, the second detection circuit supplying a second detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the second transistor; a first replication circuit configured to mirror the second detection current supplied by the second detection circuit and to subtract the mirrored second detection current from the first detection current; a third resistor connected to the first current detection circuit and the first current replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the mirrored second detection current from the first detection current; a second replication circuit configured to mirror the first detection current supplied from the first detection circuit and to subtract the mirrored first detection current from the second detection current; and a fourth resistor connected to the second current detection circuit and the second replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the mirrored first detection current from the second detection current. 18. The amplifier circuit according to claim 17, further comprising:
a control circuit connected to gates of the first and second transistors. 19. The amplifier circuit according to claim 17, further comprising:
a first comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the third resistor and the first detection circuit; and a second comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the fourth resistor and the second detection circuit. 20. The amplifier circuit according to claim 19, wherein each of the first comparator and the second comparator has a second input terminal receiving a reference voltage. | An amplifier circuit includes, a first transistor and a first resistor connected in series between a power supply voltage and an output terminal. A second transistor and a second resistor are connected in series between the output terminal and a ground reference voltage. There is a first operational amplifier and a second operational amplifier. A first detection current corresponding to a voltage drop across first resistor is generated. A second detection current corresponding to a voltage drop across the second resistor is generated. A first replication circuit subtracts the second detection current from the first detection current. A third resistor conducts the current obtained by subtracting the second detection current from the first detection current.1. An amplifier circuit, comprising:
an output terminal; a first transistor and a first resistor that are electrically connected in series between a power supply terminal and the output terminal; a second transistor and a second resistor that are electrically connected in series between the output terminal and a ground reference voltage, the second transistor and the first transistor being different channel types; a first operational amplifier having a positive input terminal electrically connected to a first end of the first resistor and a negative input terminal electrically connected to a second end of the first resistor; a second operational amplifier having a positive input terminal electrically connected to a first end of the second resistor and a negative input terminal electrically connected to a second end of the second resistor; a third transistor having a gate electrically connected to an output terminal of the first operation amplifier, the third transistor configured to conduct a first detection current corresponding to a first voltage drop across the first resistor according to the output of the first operational amplifier; a fourth transistor having a gate electrically connected to an output terminal of the second operation amplifier, the fourth transistor configured to conduct a second detection current corresponding to a second voltage drop across the second resistor; a first current replication circuit having a first end electrically connected to a drain of the fourth transistor and a second end electrically connected to a drain of the third transistor, the first current replication circuit configured to mirror the second detection current and to cause the second detection current to be subtracted from the first detection current output at the drain of the third transistor; and a third resistor with a first end electrically connected to the ground reference voltage and a second end electrically connected to the drain of the third transistor, the third resistor conducting a current obtained by subtracting the second detection current from the first detection current. 2. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fifth transistor configured to conduct a mirrored second detection current between a source and a drain; a second current replication circuit with a first end electrically connected to a source of the third transistor and a second end electrically connected to the drain of the fifth transistor, the second current replication circuit configured to mirror the first detection current and to cause the first detection current to be subtracted from the second detection current; and a fourth resistor with a first end electrically connected to the ground reference voltage and a second end electrically connected to the drain of the fifth transistor, the fourth resistor conducting a current obtained by subtracting the first detection current from the second detection current. 3. The amplifier circuit according to claim 2, wherein
the first current replication circuit includes:
a sixth transistor with a drain and a gate electrically connected to each other and a source connected to the first end of the third resistor, and
a seventh transistor having a drain electrically connected to the second end of the third resistor, a source electrically connected to the first end of the third resistor, and a gate electrically connected to the gate of the sixth transistor, and
the second current replication circuit includes:
an eighth transistor having a drain and a gate electrically connected to each other and a source connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and
a ninth transistor having a drain electrically connected to the second end of the fourth resistor, a source electrically connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and a gate electrically connected to the gate of the eighth transistor. 4. The amplifier circuit according to claim 2, wherein
the first current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit, and the second current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit. 5. The amplifier circuit according to claim 2, further comprising:
a first comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the third transistor and the third resistor; and a second comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the fifth transistor and the fourth resistor. 6. The amplifier circuit according to claim 5, wherein the first comparator and the second comparator each have a second input terminal receiving a reference voltage. 7. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a control circuit connected to gates of the first and second transistors. 8. The amplifier circuit according to claim 7, wherein the control circuit is a class AB control circuit. 9. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first and second transistors are metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors. 10. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first transistor is a P-channel type transistor and the second transistor is a N-channel type transistor. 11. The amplifier circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a resistor between the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the first end of the first resistor. 12. An amplifier circuit, comprising:
a push-pull circuit including a first transistor and a second transistor of different channel types connected in series between a power supply voltage and a ground reference voltage, an output terminal being connected to a node between the first and second transistors; a first current detection circuit electrically connected between the power supply voltage and the first transistor, and configured to detect a source-drain current of the first transistor and supply a first detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the first transistor; a second current detection circuit electrically connected between the second transistor and the ground reference voltage, and configured to detect a source-drain current of the second transistor and supply a second detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the second transistor; a first current replication circuit configured to replicate the second detection current supplied by the second current detection circuit and to subtract the second detection current from the first detection current; a first resistor connected to the first current detection circuit and the first current replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the second detection current from the first detection current; a second current replication circuit configured to replicate the first detection current supplied from the first current detection circuit and to subtract the first detection current from the second detection current; and a second resistor connected to the second current detection circuit and the second current replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the first detection current from the second detection current. 13. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, wherein
the first current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit, and the second current replication circuit comprises a current mirror circuit. 14. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, further comprising:
a first comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the first resistor and the first current detection circuit; and a second comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the second resistor and the second current detection circuit. 15. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, further comprising:
a third resistor between the power supply voltage and the push-pull circuit; and a fourth resistor between the ground reference voltage and the push-pull circuit, wherein the first current detection circuit detects the source-drain current of the first transistor as a voltage drop across the third resistor, and the second current detection circuit detects the source-drain current of the second transistor as a voltage drop across the fourth resistor. 16. The amplifier circuit according to claim 12, further comprising:
a control circuit connected to gates of the first and second transistors. 17. An amplifier circuit, comprising:
a push-pull circuit including a first transistor and a second transistor of different channel types connected in series between a power supply voltage and a ground reference voltage, an output terminal being connected to a node between the first and second transistors; a first resistor between the power supply voltage and the first transistor; a second resistor between the ground reference voltage and the second transistor; a first detection circuit configured to detect a voltage drop across the first resistor to detect a source-drain current of the first transistor, the first detection circuit supplying a first detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the first transistor; a second current detection configured to detect a voltage drop across the second resistor to detect a source-drain current of the second transistor, the second detection circuit supplying a second detection current corresponding to the source-drain current of the second transistor; a first replication circuit configured to mirror the second detection current supplied by the second detection circuit and to subtract the mirrored second detection current from the first detection current; a third resistor connected to the first current detection circuit and the first current replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the mirrored second detection current from the first detection current; a second replication circuit configured to mirror the first detection current supplied from the first detection circuit and to subtract the mirrored first detection current from the second detection current; and a fourth resistor connected to the second current detection circuit and the second replication circuit so as to conduct a current equal to that obtained by subtracting the mirrored first detection current from the second detection current. 18. The amplifier circuit according to claim 17, further comprising:
a control circuit connected to gates of the first and second transistors. 19. The amplifier circuit according to claim 17, further comprising:
a first comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the third resistor and the first detection circuit; and a second comparator with one input terminal electrically connected between the fourth resistor and the second detection circuit. 20. The amplifier circuit according to claim 19, wherein each of the first comparator and the second comparator has a second input terminal receiving a reference voltage. | 2,800 |
339,804 | 16,800,746 | 2,843 | A vehicle control device includes a control instruction unit (ALC switch) that gives an instruction to perform one of lane change assistance control in which guidance of lane change is provided to a vehicle occupant through a notification unit (HMI) and automated lane change control in which travel control required for movement from a travel lane to a target lane is automatically performed as lane change control performed in the lane change in accordance with vehicle occupant's operation. | 1. A vehicle control device comprising:
an automated driving instruction unit configured to give an instruction to start automated driving in accordance with a vehicle occupant's operation; a destination setting unit configured to set a destination in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation; an automated driving control unit configured to automatically perform vehicle control of at least one of acceleration, deceleration, and steering regarding lane change of a host vehicle as the automated driving, and if the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving, cause the host vehicle to travel in the automated driving to the destination that is set by the destination setting unit; a notification unit configured to notify a vehicle occupant of information; and a control instruction unit configured to give an instruction to perform automated lane change control in which travel control required for movement from a travel lane to a target lane is automatically performed as lane change control performed in the lane change in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation, wherein when the automated driving to the destination that is set by the destination setting unit is performed, if the instruction by the control instruction unit is given, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated lane change control, and if the instruction is not given by the control instruction unit, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform lane change assistance control in which guidance of the lane change is provided to the vehicle occupant through the notification unit. 2. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising an approval instruction unit configured to give an instruction expressing vehicle occupant's intention of approving or disapproving the lane change in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation,
wherein the automated lane change control includes first automated lane change control in which after a timing or a position of the lane change is determined, the vehicle occupant is asked whether to change lanes through the notification unit, and if the approval instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of approving the lane change, the travel control required for the movement from the travel lane to the target lane is automatically performed, and second automated lane change control in which after the timing or the position of the lane change is determined, the travel control required for the movement from the travel lane to the target lane is automatically performed regardless of the instruction by the approval instruction unit. 3. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a behavior detection unit configured to detect behavior of the host vehicle, wherein when the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving, if the behavior of the host vehicle detected by the behavior detection unit satisfies a predetermined condition (Vmin≤V−V1≤Vmax), the automated driving control unit is configured to set an automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed, and if the behavior of the host vehicle detected by the behavior detection unit does not satisfy the predetermined condition, the automated driving control unit is configured to set the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 4. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising an external environment detection unit configured to detect a travel environment around the host vehicle,
wherein when the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving, if the travel environment detected by the external environment detection unit satisfies a predetermined condition, the automated driving control unit is configured to set an automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed, and if the travel environment detected by the external environment detection unit does not satisfy the predetermined condition, the automated driving control unit is configured to set the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 5. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a cancel instruction unit configured to give an instruction expressing vehicle occupant's intention of canceling the automated lane change control in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation,
wherein if the cancel instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of canceling the automated lane change control in the automated lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to change the automated driving state from the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed to the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 6. The vehicle control device according to claim 5, wherein if the cancel instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of canceling the automated lane change control in the automated lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to cancel the automated lane change control and count number of cancellations or count number of interventions in the travel control using a steering wheel in the automated lane change control, and if the number of cancellations or the number of interventions is more than or equal to a predetermined number of times, the automated driving control unit is configured to change the automated driving state from the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed to the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 7. The vehicle control device according to claim 6, wherein if elapsed time from the previous intention of the cancellation to the latest intention of the cancellation or elapsed time from the previous intervention to the latest intervention is less than a predetermined time, the automated driving control unit is configured to change the automated driving state from the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed to the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 8. The vehicle control device according to claim 6, wherein the automated driving control unit is configured to start to measure time if the cancel instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of canceling the automated lane change control in the automated lane change control, suppress the automated lane change control more than usual until elapsed time from the start of the time measurement exceeds a predetermined time, return the automated lane change control to normal automated lane change control after the predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the time measurement, and perform the normal automated lane change control in a case where the control instruction unit gives the instruction to perform the automated lane change control again within the predetermined time from the start of the time measurement. 9. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, wherein if the vehicle occupant requests lane change operation in accordance with guidance in the lane change assistance control, the automated driving control unit is configured to provide the vehicle occupant with the guidance of change from an automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed to the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed through the notification unit. 10. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a condition setting unit configured to set an operation condition of the automated lane change control in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation,
wherein the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated lane change control in accordance with the operation condition that is set by the condition setting unit. 11. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a position specification unit configured to specify a current position of the host vehicle; a first map for generating a route from the current position to the destination; and a second map including map information that is more specific than that of the first map, wherein if the second map includes specific map information including the current position specified by the position specification unit in the lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated lane change control. 12. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a vehicle speed detection unit configured to detect vehicle speed of the host vehicle, wherein if vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed detection unit is less than or equal to predetermined vehicle speed in a state where the control instruction unit gives the instruction to perform the automated lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to prohibit the automated lane change control. 13. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, wherein if the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving in a state where the destination setting unit does not set the destination, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated driving in which the host vehicle follows a | A vehicle control device includes a control instruction unit (ALC switch) that gives an instruction to perform one of lane change assistance control in which guidance of lane change is provided to a vehicle occupant through a notification unit (HMI) and automated lane change control in which travel control required for movement from a travel lane to a target lane is automatically performed as lane change control performed in the lane change in accordance with vehicle occupant's operation.1. A vehicle control device comprising:
an automated driving instruction unit configured to give an instruction to start automated driving in accordance with a vehicle occupant's operation; a destination setting unit configured to set a destination in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation; an automated driving control unit configured to automatically perform vehicle control of at least one of acceleration, deceleration, and steering regarding lane change of a host vehicle as the automated driving, and if the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving, cause the host vehicle to travel in the automated driving to the destination that is set by the destination setting unit; a notification unit configured to notify a vehicle occupant of information; and a control instruction unit configured to give an instruction to perform automated lane change control in which travel control required for movement from a travel lane to a target lane is automatically performed as lane change control performed in the lane change in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation, wherein when the automated driving to the destination that is set by the destination setting unit is performed, if the instruction by the control instruction unit is given, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated lane change control, and if the instruction is not given by the control instruction unit, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform lane change assistance control in which guidance of the lane change is provided to the vehicle occupant through the notification unit. 2. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising an approval instruction unit configured to give an instruction expressing vehicle occupant's intention of approving or disapproving the lane change in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation,
wherein the automated lane change control includes first automated lane change control in which after a timing or a position of the lane change is determined, the vehicle occupant is asked whether to change lanes through the notification unit, and if the approval instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of approving the lane change, the travel control required for the movement from the travel lane to the target lane is automatically performed, and second automated lane change control in which after the timing or the position of the lane change is determined, the travel control required for the movement from the travel lane to the target lane is automatically performed regardless of the instruction by the approval instruction unit. 3. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a behavior detection unit configured to detect behavior of the host vehicle, wherein when the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving, if the behavior of the host vehicle detected by the behavior detection unit satisfies a predetermined condition (Vmin≤V−V1≤Vmax), the automated driving control unit is configured to set an automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed, and if the behavior of the host vehicle detected by the behavior detection unit does not satisfy the predetermined condition, the automated driving control unit is configured to set the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 4. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising an external environment detection unit configured to detect a travel environment around the host vehicle,
wherein when the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving, if the travel environment detected by the external environment detection unit satisfies a predetermined condition, the automated driving control unit is configured to set an automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed, and if the travel environment detected by the external environment detection unit does not satisfy the predetermined condition, the automated driving control unit is configured to set the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 5. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a cancel instruction unit configured to give an instruction expressing vehicle occupant's intention of canceling the automated lane change control in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation,
wherein if the cancel instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of canceling the automated lane change control in the automated lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to change the automated driving state from the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed to the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 6. The vehicle control device according to claim 5, wherein if the cancel instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of canceling the automated lane change control in the automated lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to cancel the automated lane change control and count number of cancellations or count number of interventions in the travel control using a steering wheel in the automated lane change control, and if the number of cancellations or the number of interventions is more than or equal to a predetermined number of times, the automated driving control unit is configured to change the automated driving state from the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed to the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 7. The vehicle control device according to claim 6, wherein if elapsed time from the previous intention of the cancellation to the latest intention of the cancellation or elapsed time from the previous intervention to the latest intervention is less than a predetermined time, the automated driving control unit is configured to change the automated driving state from the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed to the automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed. 8. The vehicle control device according to claim 6, wherein the automated driving control unit is configured to start to measure time if the cancel instruction unit gives the instruction expressing the intention of canceling the automated lane change control in the automated lane change control, suppress the automated lane change control more than usual until elapsed time from the start of the time measurement exceeds a predetermined time, return the automated lane change control to normal automated lane change control after the predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the time measurement, and perform the normal automated lane change control in a case where the control instruction unit gives the instruction to perform the automated lane change control again within the predetermined time from the start of the time measurement. 9. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, wherein if the vehicle occupant requests lane change operation in accordance with guidance in the lane change assistance control, the automated driving control unit is configured to provide the vehicle occupant with the guidance of change from an automated driving state where the lane change assistance control is performed to the automated driving state where the automated lane change control is performed through the notification unit. 10. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a condition setting unit configured to set an operation condition of the automated lane change control in accordance with the vehicle occupant's operation,
wherein the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated lane change control in accordance with the operation condition that is set by the condition setting unit. 11. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a position specification unit configured to specify a current position of the host vehicle; a first map for generating a route from the current position to the destination; and a second map including map information that is more specific than that of the first map, wherein if the second map includes specific map information including the current position specified by the position specification unit in the lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated lane change control. 12. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, further comprising a vehicle speed detection unit configured to detect vehicle speed of the host vehicle, wherein if vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed detection unit is less than or equal to predetermined vehicle speed in a state where the control instruction unit gives the instruction to perform the automated lane change control, the automated driving control unit is configured to prohibit the automated lane change control. 13. The vehicle control device according to claim 1, wherein if the automated driving instruction unit gives the instruction to start the automated driving in a state where the destination setting unit does not set the destination, the automated driving control unit is configured to perform the automated driving in which the host vehicle follows a | 2,800 |
339,805 | 16,800,753 | 2,843 | Disclosed are compound and methods of using the compounds for modulating ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity. The disclosed compound are characterized as analogs of 3-amino-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid which may be formulated as therapeutic agents for treating diseases and disorders associated with ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity such as hepatocellular carcinoma and other cancers. | 1. A compound having the following formula or a dissociated form, protonated form, or salt thereof: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is trifluoromethyl. 3. The compound of claim 1 having a formula: 4. The compound of claim 1 having a formula: 5. The compound of claim 1 having a formula: 6. The compound of claim 1 having a formula selected from: 7. The compound of claim 1 having a formula selected from: 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) a compound of claim 1; and (ii) a carrier, excipient, or diluent. 9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an effective amount of the compound for treating a disease or disorder associated with omithine aminotransferase activity. 10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an effective amount of the compound for treating a cell proliferative disease or disorder associated with omithine aminotransferase activity, optionally wherein the cell proliferative disease or disorder is hepatocellular carcinoma. 11. A method for treating a disease or disorder associated with omithine transferase activity in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject the compound of claim 1. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the disease or disorder associated with omithine transferase activity is cancer. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the disease or disorder associated with omithine transferase activity is hepatocellular carcinoma. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the compound or the pharmaceutical composition are administered orally. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the compound or the pharmaceutical composition are administered at a dose that delivers between about 32 mg compound/60 kg subject/day and 200 mg compound/60 kg subject/day. 16. A compound having a formula 17. The compound of claim 16, wherein R1 is trifluoromethyl. 18. The compound of claim 16 having a formula: 19. The compound of claim 16 having a formula: 20. The compound of claim 16 having a formula selected from: | Disclosed are compound and methods of using the compounds for modulating ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity. The disclosed compound are characterized as analogs of 3-amino-4-(propan-2-ylidene)cyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid which may be formulated as therapeutic agents for treating diseases and disorders associated with ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) activity such as hepatocellular carcinoma and other cancers.1. A compound having the following formula or a dissociated form, protonated form, or salt thereof: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is trifluoromethyl. 3. The compound of claim 1 having a formula: 4. The compound of claim 1 having a formula: 5. The compound of claim 1 having a formula: 6. The compound of claim 1 having a formula selected from: 7. The compound of claim 1 having a formula selected from: 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) a compound of claim 1; and (ii) a carrier, excipient, or diluent. 9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an effective amount of the compound for treating a disease or disorder associated with omithine aminotransferase activity. 10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises an effective amount of the compound for treating a cell proliferative disease or disorder associated with omithine aminotransferase activity, optionally wherein the cell proliferative disease or disorder is hepatocellular carcinoma. 11. A method for treating a disease or disorder associated with omithine transferase activity in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject the compound of claim 1. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the disease or disorder associated with omithine transferase activity is cancer. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the disease or disorder associated with omithine transferase activity is hepatocellular carcinoma. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the compound or the pharmaceutical composition are administered orally. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the compound or the pharmaceutical composition are administered at a dose that delivers between about 32 mg compound/60 kg subject/day and 200 mg compound/60 kg subject/day. 16. A compound having a formula 17. The compound of claim 16, wherein R1 is trifluoromethyl. 18. The compound of claim 16 having a formula: 19. The compound of claim 16 having a formula: 20. The compound of claim 16 having a formula selected from: | 2,800 |
339,806 | 16,800,754 | 2,843 | An image sensor includes: an accumulation unit that accumulates an electric charge generated by a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through a microlens; and a readout unit that reads out a signal based on a voltage of the accumulation unit, wherein the accumulation unit and the readout unit are included along an optical axis direction of the microlens. | 1. An image sensor, comprising:
an accumulation unit that accumulates an electric charge generated by a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through a microlens; and a readout unit that reads out a signal based on a voltage of the accumulation unit, wherein the accumulation unit and the readout unit are provided along an optical axis direction of the microlens. 2. The image sensor according to claim 1, further comprising:
an output unit that outputs a signal based on the voltage of the accumulation unit to the readout unit, wherein: the output unit is provided between the accumulation unit and the readout unit with respect to the optical axis direction of the microlens. 3. An image sensor comprising: a first surface and a second surface that intersect an optical axis of a microlens; an accumulation unit, located between the first surface and the second surface, that accumulates an electric charge generated by a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through the microlens, a readout unit that reads out a signal based on a voltage of the accumulation unit, and an output unit that outputs the signal based on the voltage of the accumulation unit to the readout unit, wherein:
with respect to a direction of an optical axis of the microlens, the accumulation unit is provided on the first surface side, the readout unit is provided on the second surface side, and the output unit is provided between the accumulation unit and the readout unit. 4. The image sensor according to claim 3, wherein:
the first surface is an incident surface on which light enters. 5. The image sensor according to claim 2, wherein:
the output unit includes an electrode that provides a signal based on the accumulation unit to the readout unit. 6. The image sensor according to claim 1, wherein:
the photoelectric conversion unit, the accumulation unit, and the readout unit are provided along the optical axis direction of the microlens. 7. The image sensor according to claim 1, wherein:
the accumulation unit is provided between the photoelectric conversion unit and the readout unit with respect to the optical axis direction of the microlens. 8. The image sensor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a light shielding unit that blocks light transmitted through the microlens and enters the accumulation unit, wherein: the photoelectric conversion unit receives the incident light transmitted through the microlens, between the microlens and the light shielding unit. 9. The image sensor according to claim 8, wherein:
the photoelectric conversion unit has a light receiving surface that receives light entered from a direction that intersects the optical axis of the microlens, between the microlens and the light shielding unit. 10. The image sensor according to claim 8, wherein:
the photoelectric conversion unit has a plurality of light receiving surfaces that receive incident light transmitted through the microlens, between the microlens and the light shielding unit. 11. The image sensor according to claim 8, wherein:
at least a part of the photoelectric conversion unit protrudes to the light incident side in comparison with the light shielding unit. 12. The image sensor according to claim 11, wherein:
the light shielding unit has an opening, and at least a part of the light receiving unit protrudes from the opening beyond the light shielding unit to the light incident side. 13. The image sensor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a selection unit that selects a signal read by the readout unit, wherein: the accumulation unit, the readout unit, and the selection unit are provided along the optical axis direction of the microlens. 14. The image sensor according to claim 13, wherein:
the readout unit is provided between the accumulation unit and the selection unit along the optical axis direction of the microlens. 15. An image-capturing device, comprising:
the image sensor according to claim 1; and a generation unit that generates image data based on a signal outputted from the image sensor. | An image sensor includes: an accumulation unit that accumulates an electric charge generated by a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through a microlens; and a readout unit that reads out a signal based on a voltage of the accumulation unit, wherein the accumulation unit and the readout unit are included along an optical axis direction of the microlens.1. An image sensor, comprising:
an accumulation unit that accumulates an electric charge generated by a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through a microlens; and a readout unit that reads out a signal based on a voltage of the accumulation unit, wherein the accumulation unit and the readout unit are provided along an optical axis direction of the microlens. 2. The image sensor according to claim 1, further comprising:
an output unit that outputs a signal based on the voltage of the accumulation unit to the readout unit, wherein: the output unit is provided between the accumulation unit and the readout unit with respect to the optical axis direction of the microlens. 3. An image sensor comprising: a first surface and a second surface that intersect an optical axis of a microlens; an accumulation unit, located between the first surface and the second surface, that accumulates an electric charge generated by a photoelectric conversion unit that photoelectrically converts incident light transmitted through the microlens, a readout unit that reads out a signal based on a voltage of the accumulation unit, and an output unit that outputs the signal based on the voltage of the accumulation unit to the readout unit, wherein:
with respect to a direction of an optical axis of the microlens, the accumulation unit is provided on the first surface side, the readout unit is provided on the second surface side, and the output unit is provided between the accumulation unit and the readout unit. 4. The image sensor according to claim 3, wherein:
the first surface is an incident surface on which light enters. 5. The image sensor according to claim 2, wherein:
the output unit includes an electrode that provides a signal based on the accumulation unit to the readout unit. 6. The image sensor according to claim 1, wherein:
the photoelectric conversion unit, the accumulation unit, and the readout unit are provided along the optical axis direction of the microlens. 7. The image sensor according to claim 1, wherein:
the accumulation unit is provided between the photoelectric conversion unit and the readout unit with respect to the optical axis direction of the microlens. 8. The image sensor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a light shielding unit that blocks light transmitted through the microlens and enters the accumulation unit, wherein: the photoelectric conversion unit receives the incident light transmitted through the microlens, between the microlens and the light shielding unit. 9. The image sensor according to claim 8, wherein:
the photoelectric conversion unit has a light receiving surface that receives light entered from a direction that intersects the optical axis of the microlens, between the microlens and the light shielding unit. 10. The image sensor according to claim 8, wherein:
the photoelectric conversion unit has a plurality of light receiving surfaces that receive incident light transmitted through the microlens, between the microlens and the light shielding unit. 11. The image sensor according to claim 8, wherein:
at least a part of the photoelectric conversion unit protrudes to the light incident side in comparison with the light shielding unit. 12. The image sensor according to claim 11, wherein:
the light shielding unit has an opening, and at least a part of the light receiving unit protrudes from the opening beyond the light shielding unit to the light incident side. 13. The image sensor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a selection unit that selects a signal read by the readout unit, wherein: the accumulation unit, the readout unit, and the selection unit are provided along the optical axis direction of the microlens. 14. The image sensor according to claim 13, wherein:
the readout unit is provided between the accumulation unit and the selection unit along the optical axis direction of the microlens. 15. An image-capturing device, comprising:
the image sensor according to claim 1; and a generation unit that generates image data based on a signal outputted from the image sensor. | 2,800 |
339,807 | 16,800,764 | 2,843 | A semiconductor device includes: a multilayer substrate which includes a circuit board and an insulating plate on which the circuit board is formed; and a contact part having a cylindrical hollow hole therein and an open end bonded to a bonding area on the front surface of the circuit board via bonding material. In the case of this semiconductor device, wettability of a contact area of the contact part with respect to the bonding material is approximately equal to wettability of at least the bonding area of the circuit board with respect to the bonding material. Thus, the rising of the bonding material into the hollow hole of the contact part during heating performed when the contact part is bonded to the circuit board is reduced. | 1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a substrate including a circuit board and an insulating plate on which the circuit board is disposed; and a contact part having a cylindrical hollow hole therein, and open ends, one of the open ends being bonded to the circuit board in a bonding area of a front surface of the circuit board via a bonding material, wherein a wettability of the contact part at a contact area contacting the bonding material with respect to the bonding material is approximately equal to a wettability of the circuit board at the bonding area with respect to the bonding material. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the contact part has a first plating provided at the contact area, and the circuit board has a second plating provided at the bonding area, and the first plating has a wettability approximately equal to a wettability of the second plating. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the bonding material is made of solder, and a solder spread ratio of the first plating to the second plating is in a range of 90% and 110%. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the bonding material is made of solder, and a solder spread ratio of a material of the first plating to a material of the second plating is in a range of 95% and 105%. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the first plating and the second plating are made of nickel or a nickel alloy. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is made of copper or a copper alloy. 7. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the contact part is made of copper, aluminum, iron, silver, or an alloy containing at least one kind of these elements. 8. The semiconductor device according to claim 5, wherein the second plating is made of a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, and
the first plating is made of nickel or a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, a content of which is less than a content of phosphorus of the second plating. 9. The semiconductor device according to claim 8, wherein the content of phosphorus of the second plating is in a range of 8 weight percent and 10 weight percent. 10. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising an external connection terminal pressed into the contact part. 11. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the bonding material is made of lead-free solder. 12. The semiconductor device according to claim 5, wherein the second plating is made of a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, and
the first plating is made of nickel. 13. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a substrate which includes a circuit board and an insulating plate on which the circuit board is formed; and a contact part having a cylindrical hollow hole therein, and open ends, one of the open ends being bonded to a bonding area on a front surface of the circuit board via a bonding material, the contact part having a first plating provided at a contact area thereof, wherein the circuit board has a second plating provided at the bonding area thereof, to which the contact part at the contract area is bonded via a bonding material, the second plating is made of a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, and the first plating is made of nickel or a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, a phosphorus content of a material of the first plating being less than a phosphorus content of a material of the second plating. 14. The semiconductor device according to claim 13, wherein the phosphorus content of the material of the second plating is in a range of 8 weight percent and 10 weight percent. 15. The semiconductor device according to claim 13, wherein the first plating is made of nickel. | A semiconductor device includes: a multilayer substrate which includes a circuit board and an insulating plate on which the circuit board is formed; and a contact part having a cylindrical hollow hole therein and an open end bonded to a bonding area on the front surface of the circuit board via bonding material. In the case of this semiconductor device, wettability of a contact area of the contact part with respect to the bonding material is approximately equal to wettability of at least the bonding area of the circuit board with respect to the bonding material. Thus, the rising of the bonding material into the hollow hole of the contact part during heating performed when the contact part is bonded to the circuit board is reduced.1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a substrate including a circuit board and an insulating plate on which the circuit board is disposed; and a contact part having a cylindrical hollow hole therein, and open ends, one of the open ends being bonded to the circuit board in a bonding area of a front surface of the circuit board via a bonding material, wherein a wettability of the contact part at a contact area contacting the bonding material with respect to the bonding material is approximately equal to a wettability of the circuit board at the bonding area with respect to the bonding material. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein
the contact part has a first plating provided at the contact area, and the circuit board has a second plating provided at the bonding area, and the first plating has a wettability approximately equal to a wettability of the second plating. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the bonding material is made of solder, and a solder spread ratio of the first plating to the second plating is in a range of 90% and 110%. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the bonding material is made of solder, and a solder spread ratio of a material of the first plating to a material of the second plating is in a range of 95% and 105%. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 2, wherein the first plating and the second plating are made of nickel or a nickel alloy. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is made of copper or a copper alloy. 7. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the contact part is made of copper, aluminum, iron, silver, or an alloy containing at least one kind of these elements. 8. The semiconductor device according to claim 5, wherein the second plating is made of a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, and
the first plating is made of nickel or a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, a content of which is less than a content of phosphorus of the second plating. 9. The semiconductor device according to claim 8, wherein the content of phosphorus of the second plating is in a range of 8 weight percent and 10 weight percent. 10. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising an external connection terminal pressed into the contact part. 11. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the bonding material is made of lead-free solder. 12. The semiconductor device according to claim 5, wherein the second plating is made of a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, and
the first plating is made of nickel. 13. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a substrate which includes a circuit board and an insulating plate on which the circuit board is formed; and a contact part having a cylindrical hollow hole therein, and open ends, one of the open ends being bonded to a bonding area on a front surface of the circuit board via a bonding material, the contact part having a first plating provided at a contact area thereof, wherein the circuit board has a second plating provided at the bonding area thereof, to which the contact part at the contract area is bonded via a bonding material, the second plating is made of a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, and the first plating is made of nickel or a nickel alloy containing phosphorus, a phosphorus content of a material of the first plating being less than a phosphorus content of a material of the second plating. 14. The semiconductor device according to claim 13, wherein the phosphorus content of the material of the second plating is in a range of 8 weight percent and 10 weight percent. 15. The semiconductor device according to claim 13, wherein the first plating is made of nickel. | 2,800 |
339,808 | 16,800,782 | 2,843 | A polishing pad for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a polishing layer having a polishing surface and a backing layer formed of a fluid-permeable material. The backing layer includes a lower surface configured to be secured to a platen and an upper surface secured to the polishing layer, wherein the lower surface and upper surface are sealed. A first seal circumferentially seals an edge of the backing layer, and a second seal seals and separates the backing layer into a first region and a second region surrounded by the first region. | 1. A polishing pad for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus, comprising:
a polishing layer having a polishing surface; and a backing layer formed of a fluid-permeable material and having a lower surface configured to be secured to a platen and an upper surface secured to the polishing layer; and a plurality of seals including a first seal that circumferentially seals an edge of the backing layer and a second seal that seals and separates the backing layer into a first region and a second region. 2. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein the backing layer has an open-cell structure. 3. The polishing pad of claim 2, wherein the backing layer comprises a polymer matrix having interconnected voids therein. 4. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by portions of the backing layer that are impregnated with a sealant material. 5. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by crimped portions of the backing layer. 6. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein the first region surrounds the second region. 7. The polishing pad of claim 6, wherein the first regions and second region are concentric. 8. A chemical mechanical polishing system, comprising:
a platen; a polishing pad that includes:
a polishing layer having a polishing surface; and
a backing layer formed of a fluid-permeable material and having a lower surface secured to the platen and an upper surface secured to the polishing layer;
a plurality of seals including a first seal that circumferentially seals an edge of the backing layer, and a second seal that seals and separates the backing layer into a first region and a second region; and a fluid source coupled to the backing layer to direct fluid into the first region and second region of the backing layer. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the fluid source is configured to independently control fluid flow into the first region and the second region. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the fluid source includes a plurality of independently controllable pumps. 11. The system of claim 8, comprising a plurality of passages that extend through the platen and a plurality of vents that permit fluid flow into the first region and second region from the plurality of passages. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the plurality of vents project from the platen into the backing layer. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the plurality of vents of include a first multiplicity of vents in the first region and a second multiplicity of vents in the second region. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the first multiplicity of vents are spaced at equidistant intervals within the first region and the second multiplicity of vents are spaced at equidistant intervals within the second region. 15. The system of claim 8, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by portions of the backing layer that are impregnated with a sealant material. 16. The system of claim 8, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by crimped portions of the backing layer. 17. A method of controlling stiffness of a backing layer of a polishing pad in a chemical mechanical polishing system, comprising:
controlling flow of liquid into a first region of a fluid-permeable backing layer of the polishing pad; and independently controlling flow of liquid into an a second region of the backing layer that is separated from the first region by a seal. 18. The method pad claim 17, wherein the backing layer has an open-cell structure. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the liquid is water. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein controlling flow of liquid into the first region and second region comprise flowing liquid through vents that project from a platen into the backing layer. | A polishing pad for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a polishing layer having a polishing surface and a backing layer formed of a fluid-permeable material. The backing layer includes a lower surface configured to be secured to a platen and an upper surface secured to the polishing layer, wherein the lower surface and upper surface are sealed. A first seal circumferentially seals an edge of the backing layer, and a second seal seals and separates the backing layer into a first region and a second region surrounded by the first region.1. A polishing pad for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus, comprising:
a polishing layer having a polishing surface; and a backing layer formed of a fluid-permeable material and having a lower surface configured to be secured to a platen and an upper surface secured to the polishing layer; and a plurality of seals including a first seal that circumferentially seals an edge of the backing layer and a second seal that seals and separates the backing layer into a first region and a second region. 2. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein the backing layer has an open-cell structure. 3. The polishing pad of claim 2, wherein the backing layer comprises a polymer matrix having interconnected voids therein. 4. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by portions of the backing layer that are impregnated with a sealant material. 5. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by crimped portions of the backing layer. 6. The polishing pad of claim 1, wherein the first region surrounds the second region. 7. The polishing pad of claim 6, wherein the first regions and second region are concentric. 8. A chemical mechanical polishing system, comprising:
a platen; a polishing pad that includes:
a polishing layer having a polishing surface; and
a backing layer formed of a fluid-permeable material and having a lower surface secured to the platen and an upper surface secured to the polishing layer;
a plurality of seals including a first seal that circumferentially seals an edge of the backing layer, and a second seal that seals and separates the backing layer into a first region and a second region; and a fluid source coupled to the backing layer to direct fluid into the first region and second region of the backing layer. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the fluid source is configured to independently control fluid flow into the first region and the second region. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the fluid source includes a plurality of independently controllable pumps. 11. The system of claim 8, comprising a plurality of passages that extend through the platen and a plurality of vents that permit fluid flow into the first region and second region from the plurality of passages. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the plurality of vents project from the platen into the backing layer. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the plurality of vents of include a first multiplicity of vents in the first region and a second multiplicity of vents in the second region. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the first multiplicity of vents are spaced at equidistant intervals within the first region and the second multiplicity of vents are spaced at equidistant intervals within the second region. 15. The system of claim 8, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by portions of the backing layer that are impregnated with a sealant material. 16. The system of claim 8, wherein at least some of the plurality of seals are provided by crimped portions of the backing layer. 17. A method of controlling stiffness of a backing layer of a polishing pad in a chemical mechanical polishing system, comprising:
controlling flow of liquid into a first region of a fluid-permeable backing layer of the polishing pad; and independently controlling flow of liquid into an a second region of the backing layer that is separated from the first region by a seal. 18. The method pad claim 17, wherein the backing layer has an open-cell structure. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the liquid is water. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein controlling flow of liquid into the first region and second region comprise flowing liquid through vents that project from a platen into the backing layer. | 2,800 |
339,809 | 16,800,766 | 2,843 | The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C0). By improving both K and C0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength. | 1. A method of manufacturing a soft and resilient tissue product comprising the steps of:
a. forming a fiber slurry; b. depositing the fiber slurry on a forming fabric; c. partially dewatering the slurry to form a wet tissue web; d. transferring the wet tissue web to a through-air drying fabric comprising a support structure and a plurality of linear elements extending in the z-direction therefrom, the elements having a height from about 0.4 to about 0.7 mm; e. through-air drying the wet tissue web to form a dried tissue web; and f. calendering the dried tissue web and winding the calendered web into a rolled tissue product having a Roll Firmness less than about 7.0 mm and a sheet bulk greater than about 10.0 cc/g. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of calendering is carried out by passing the dried tissue web through a nip created by a steel roll and a polyurethane roll, the nip having a nip load from about 20 to about 200 pli. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a caliper greater than about 550 μm. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a TS7 less than about 10.5 and a TS750 less than about 85.0. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Caliper Under Load (C0) from about 9.5 to about 10.5 mm. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Compression Energy (E) from 0.0130 to about 0.0150 J/mm2. | The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C0). By improving both K and C0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength.1. A method of manufacturing a soft and resilient tissue product comprising the steps of:
a. forming a fiber slurry; b. depositing the fiber slurry on a forming fabric; c. partially dewatering the slurry to form a wet tissue web; d. transferring the wet tissue web to a through-air drying fabric comprising a support structure and a plurality of linear elements extending in the z-direction therefrom, the elements having a height from about 0.4 to about 0.7 mm; e. through-air drying the wet tissue web to form a dried tissue web; and f. calendering the dried tissue web and winding the calendered web into a rolled tissue product having a Roll Firmness less than about 7.0 mm and a sheet bulk greater than about 10.0 cc/g. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of calendering is carried out by passing the dried tissue web through a nip created by a steel roll and a polyurethane roll, the nip having a nip load from about 20 to about 200 pli. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a caliper greater than about 550 μm. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a TS7 less than about 10.5 and a TS750 less than about 85.0. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Caliper Under Load (C0) from about 9.5 to about 10.5 mm. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Compression Energy (E) from 0.0130 to about 0.0150 J/mm2. | 2,800 |
339,810 | 16,800,785 | 2,843 | The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C0). By improving both K and C0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength. | 1. A method of manufacturing a soft and resilient tissue product comprising the steps of:
a. forming a fiber slurry; b. depositing the fiber slurry on a forming fabric; c. partially dewatering the slurry to form a wet tissue web; d. transferring the wet tissue web to a through-air drying fabric comprising a support structure and a plurality of linear elements extending in the z-direction therefrom, the elements having a height from about 0.4 to about 0.7 mm; e. through-air drying the wet tissue web to form a dried tissue web; and f. calendering the dried tissue web and winding the calendered web into a rolled tissue product having a Roll Firmness less than about 7.0 mm and a sheet bulk greater than about 10.0 cc/g. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of calendering is carried out by passing the dried tissue web through a nip created by a steel roll and a polyurethane roll, the nip having a nip load from about 20 to about 200 pli. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a caliper greater than about 550 μm. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a TS7 less than about 10.5 and a TS750 less than about 85.0. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Caliper Under Load (C0) from about 9.5 to about 10.5 mm. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Compression Energy (E) from 0.0130 to about 0.0150 J/mm2. | The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C0). By improving both K and C0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength.1. A method of manufacturing a soft and resilient tissue product comprising the steps of:
a. forming a fiber slurry; b. depositing the fiber slurry on a forming fabric; c. partially dewatering the slurry to form a wet tissue web; d. transferring the wet tissue web to a through-air drying fabric comprising a support structure and a plurality of linear elements extending in the z-direction therefrom, the elements having a height from about 0.4 to about 0.7 mm; e. through-air drying the wet tissue web to form a dried tissue web; and f. calendering the dried tissue web and winding the calendered web into a rolled tissue product having a Roll Firmness less than about 7.0 mm and a sheet bulk greater than about 10.0 cc/g. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of calendering is carried out by passing the dried tissue web through a nip created by a steel roll and a polyurethane roll, the nip having a nip load from about 20 to about 200 pli. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a caliper greater than about 550 μm. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a TS7 less than about 10.5 and a TS750 less than about 85.0. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Caliper Under Load (C0) from about 9.5 to about 10.5 mm. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the rolled tissue product has a Compression Energy (E) from 0.0130 to about 0.0150 J/mm2. | 2,800 |
339,811 | 16,800,750 | 2,843 | A photoelectric conversion element includes a substrate including a lens-shaped convex portion and an annular concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped convex portion on a first main surface; a photoelectric conversion layer, positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion, on a second main surface side of the substrate; and a pattern disposed on an outer peripheral side of the annular concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped convex portion from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction. | 1. A photoelectric conversion element comprising:
a substrate including a lens-shaped convex portion and an annular concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped convex portion on a first main surface; a photoelectric conversion layer, positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion, on a second main surface side of the substrate; and a pattern disposed on an outer peripheral side of the annular concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped convex portion from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction. 2. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein the pattern includes:
a first portion disposed apart from the concave portion in the first direction, and a second portion disposed apart from the first portion between the concave portion and the first portion. 3. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 2, wherein a distance between the second portion and the concave portion is smaller than a distance between the first portion and the second portion. 4. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein
the pattern is a groove provided on the second main surface, and a depth of the groove is shallower than a depth of the concave portion. 5. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein
the pattern is disposed in a concentric circle centering on a part of the lens-shaped convex portion. 6. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein
the substrate further includes a lens-shaped second convex portion and an annular second concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped second convex portion on the first main surface. 7. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 6, further comprising
a second pattern disposed on the outer peripheral side of the second concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped second convex portion from a third direction and a fourth direction intersecting the third direction. 8. An optical subassembly comprising:
a photoelectric conversion element comprising:
a substrate including a lens-shaped convex portion and an annular concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped convex portion on a first main surface;
a photoelectric conversion layer, positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion, on a second main surface side of the substrate; and
a pattern disposed on an outer peripheral side of the annular concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped convex portion from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction;
a package housing the photoelectric conversion element therein; and an optical element housed in the package and making light incident on the photoelectric conversion element. 9. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein the pattern includes:
a first portion disposed apart from the concave portion in the first direction, and a second portion disposed apart from the first portion between the concave portion and the first portion. 10. The optical subassembly of claim 9, wherein a distance between the second portion and the concave portion is smaller than a distance between the first portion and the second portion. 11. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein
the pattern is a groove provided on the second main surface, and a depth of the groove is shallower than a depth of the concave portion. 12. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein
the pattern is disposed in a concentric circle centering on a part of the lens-shaped convex portion. 13. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein
the substrate further includes a lens-shaped second convex portion and an annular second concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped second convex portion on the first main surface. 14. The optical subassembly of claim 13, further comprising
a second pattern disposed on the outer peripheral side of the second concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped second convex portion from a third direction and a fourth direction intersecting the third direction. 15. A method for manufacturing a photoelectric conversion element forming a lens-shaped convex portion in a first region on a first main surface of a substrate, comprising:
forming a photoelectric conversion layer positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion on a second main surface side of the substrate; forming a pattern to interpose the first region from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction on the first main surface; forming a mask for protecting at least a part of the pattern and the first region; forming, after the mask is formed, an annular concave portion surrounding the first region between the first region and the pattern; removing, after the annular concave portion is formed, the mask; and processing, after the mask is removed, the first region into a lens-shaped convex portion by wet etching. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein, when the pattern is formed, a first portion disposed apart from the annular concave portion in the first direction and a second portion disposed apart from the first portion between the annular concave portion and the first portion are formed. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein, when the first region is processed into the lens-shaped convex portion by wet etching, the annular concave portion is widened to the outer peripheral side by side etching, and the distance between the second portion and the annular concave portion is smaller than the distance between the first portion and the second portion. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the pattern is formed by dry etching the second main surface. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the depth of the pattern is formed shallower than the depth of the annular concave portion. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the pattern is formed in a concentric circle centering on a part of the first region. | A photoelectric conversion element includes a substrate including a lens-shaped convex portion and an annular concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped convex portion on a first main surface; a photoelectric conversion layer, positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion, on a second main surface side of the substrate; and a pattern disposed on an outer peripheral side of the annular concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped convex portion from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction.1. A photoelectric conversion element comprising:
a substrate including a lens-shaped convex portion and an annular concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped convex portion on a first main surface; a photoelectric conversion layer, positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion, on a second main surface side of the substrate; and a pattern disposed on an outer peripheral side of the annular concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped convex portion from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction. 2. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein the pattern includes:
a first portion disposed apart from the concave portion in the first direction, and a second portion disposed apart from the first portion between the concave portion and the first portion. 3. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 2, wherein a distance between the second portion and the concave portion is smaller than a distance between the first portion and the second portion. 4. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein
the pattern is a groove provided on the second main surface, and a depth of the groove is shallower than a depth of the concave portion. 5. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein
the pattern is disposed in a concentric circle centering on a part of the lens-shaped convex portion. 6. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 1, wherein
the substrate further includes a lens-shaped second convex portion and an annular second concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped second convex portion on the first main surface. 7. The photoelectric conversion element of claim 6, further comprising
a second pattern disposed on the outer peripheral side of the second concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped second convex portion from a third direction and a fourth direction intersecting the third direction. 8. An optical subassembly comprising:
a photoelectric conversion element comprising:
a substrate including a lens-shaped convex portion and an annular concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped convex portion on a first main surface;
a photoelectric conversion layer, positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion, on a second main surface side of the substrate; and
a pattern disposed on an outer peripheral side of the annular concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped convex portion from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction;
a package housing the photoelectric conversion element therein; and an optical element housed in the package and making light incident on the photoelectric conversion element. 9. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein the pattern includes:
a first portion disposed apart from the concave portion in the first direction, and a second portion disposed apart from the first portion between the concave portion and the first portion. 10. The optical subassembly of claim 9, wherein a distance between the second portion and the concave portion is smaller than a distance between the first portion and the second portion. 11. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein
the pattern is a groove provided on the second main surface, and a depth of the groove is shallower than a depth of the concave portion. 12. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein
the pattern is disposed in a concentric circle centering on a part of the lens-shaped convex portion. 13. The optical subassembly of claim 8, wherein
the substrate further includes a lens-shaped second convex portion and an annular second concave portion surrounding the lens-shaped second convex portion on the first main surface. 14. The optical subassembly of claim 13, further comprising
a second pattern disposed on the outer peripheral side of the second concave portion on the first main surface and disposed to interpose the lens-shaped second convex portion from a third direction and a fourth direction intersecting the third direction. 15. A method for manufacturing a photoelectric conversion element forming a lens-shaped convex portion in a first region on a first main surface of a substrate, comprising:
forming a photoelectric conversion layer positioned on an optical path of light passing through the lens-shaped convex portion on a second main surface side of the substrate; forming a pattern to interpose the first region from a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction on the first main surface; forming a mask for protecting at least a part of the pattern and the first region; forming, after the mask is formed, an annular concave portion surrounding the first region between the first region and the pattern; removing, after the annular concave portion is formed, the mask; and processing, after the mask is removed, the first region into a lens-shaped convex portion by wet etching. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein, when the pattern is formed, a first portion disposed apart from the annular concave portion in the first direction and a second portion disposed apart from the first portion between the annular concave portion and the first portion are formed. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein, when the first region is processed into the lens-shaped convex portion by wet etching, the annular concave portion is widened to the outer peripheral side by side etching, and the distance between the second portion and the annular concave portion is smaller than the distance between the first portion and the second portion. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the pattern is formed by dry etching the second main surface. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the depth of the pattern is formed shallower than the depth of the annular concave portion. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the pattern is formed in a concentric circle centering on a part of the first region. | 2,800 |
339,812 | 16,800,751 | 2,843 | The present disclosure provides various embodiments of systems and related methods to track and cryptographically verify system configuration changes. More specifically, systems and methods are disclosed herein to track an original system configuration of an information handling system (IHS) as the system was built by a manufacturing facility, and any system configuration changes that are made to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility. Once a user takes ownership of the IHS, systems and methods disclosed herein may be used to cryptographically verify a current system configuration of the IHS. In doing so, the present disclosure provides a way to authenticate or validate system configuration changes that may occur after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility. | 1. A system, comprising:
an information handling system (IHS) built by a manufacturing facility according to an original system configuration; a first remote system coupled to the IHS via a network, wherein the first remote system is configured to track the original system configuration of the IHS, and any changes made to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility; and a second remote system coupled to the IHS and the first remote system via the network, wherein the second remote system is configured to verify a current system configuration of the IHS after a user takes ownership of the IHS. 2. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the first remote system tracks the original system configuration of the IHS by generating an initial platform attribute (PA) certificate containing information specifying the original system configuration. 3. The system as recited in claim 2, wherein the initial PA certificate includes a system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS and a plurality of component identifiers that identify hardware and/or software components, which were included within the IHS at the manufacturing facility. 44. The system as recited in claim 4, wherein the IHS includes:
a trusted platform module (TPM) that stores a private and public Endorsement Key (EK), a private and public Platform Key (PK) and an EK certificate containing the public EK; and a processing device that executes program instructions to cryptographically verify the current system configuration of the IHS by communicating with the TPM and the second remote system. 5. The system as recited in claim 4, wherein if a system modifier makes a system configuration change to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility the first remote system tracks the system configuration change by generating a supplemental PA certificate containing information specifying the change. 6. The system as recited in claim 5, wherein the supplemental PA certificate includes a system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS and one or more component identifiers that identify hardware and/or software components, which the system modifier added to the IHS after the IHS left the manufacturing facility. 7. The system as recited in claim 5, further comprising a network portal coupled to the IHS, the first remote system and the second remote system via the network, wherein:
the EK certificate, the initial PA certificate and the public PK are provided to the network portal before the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility; and the supplemental PA certificate and the public PK are provided to the network portal, if the system modifier makes the system configuration change to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility. 8. The system as recited in claim 7, wherein the IHS initiates verification of the current system configuration by sending a verification request to the second remote system, wherein the verification request includes a system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS. 9. The system as recited in claim 8, wherein upon receiving the verification request, the second remote system:
uses the system identifier to retrieve the EK certificate, the initial PA certificate and the public PK from the network portal; generates a nonce; encrypts the nonce with the public EK obtained from the EK certificate; and sends the encrypted nonce to the IHS. 10. The system as recited in claim 9, wherein upon receiving the encrypted nonce from the second remote system, the IHS:
decrypts the encrypted nonce using the private EK stored within the TPM; retrieves the current system configuration of the IHS; signs the nonce, the system identifier and the current system configuration using the private PK stored within the TPM; and sends a signed message containing the nonce, the system identifier and the current system configuration to the second remote system via the network. 11. The system as recited in claim 10, wherein upon receiving the signed message, the second remote system:
verifies the nonce, the system identifier and the current system configuration contained within the signed message using the public PK and the initial PA certificate retrieved from the network portal; and sends a verification response to the IHS via the network. 12. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein the verification response confirms that the current system configuration matches the original system configuration if:
the nonce contained within the signed message matches the nonce generated by the second remote system; the system identifier contained within the signed message matches the system identifier sent with the verification request; and the current system configuration contained within the signed message matches the original system configuration specified in the initial PA certificate. 13. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein the verification response informs the IHS that the current system configuration does not match the original system configuration if:
the nonce contained within the signed message does not match the nonce generated by the second remote system; or the system identifier contained within the signed message does not match the system identifier sent with the verification request; or the current system configuration contained within the signed message does not match the original system configuration specified in the initial PA certificate. 14. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein if the verification response informs the IHS that the current system configuration does not match the original system configuration, the IHS determines if a supplemental PA certificate was generated for the IHS after the IHS left the manufacturing facility. 15. The system as recited in claim 14, wherein if the supplemental PA certificate was generated for the IHS, the IHS sends a second verification request to the second remote system to initiate verification of the system configuration change specified in the supplemental PA certificate, wherein the second verification request includes the system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS. 16. The system as recited in claim 15, wherein upon receiving the second verification request, the second remote system:
uses the system identifier to retrieve the EK certificate, the supplemental PA certificate and the public PK from the network portal; generates a nonce; encrypts the nonce with the public EK obtained from the EK certificate; and sends the encrypted nonce to the IHS. 17. The system as recited in claim 16, wherein upon receiving the encrypted nonce from the second remote system, the IHS:
decrypts the encrypted nonce using the private EK stored within the TPM; retrieves the system configuration change; signs the nonce, the system identifier and the system configuration change using the private PK stored within the TPM; and sends a signed message containing the nonce, the system identifier and the system configuration change to the second remote system via the network. 18. The system as recited in claim 17, wherein upon receiving the signed message, the second remote system:
verifies the nonce, the system identifier and the system configuration change contained within the signed message using the public PK and the supplemental PA certificate retrieved from the network portal; and sends a verification response to the IHS via the network. 19. The system as recited in claim 17, wherein the verification response confirms that the system configuration change retrieved by the IHS matches the system configuration change made by the system modifier if:
the nonce contained within the signed message matches the nonce generated by the second remote system; the system identifier contained within the signed message matches the system identifier sent with the second verification request; and the system configuration change contained within the signed message matches the system configuration change specified in the supplemental PA certificate. 20. The system as recited in claim 17, wherein the verification response informs the IHS that the system configuration change retrieved by the IHS does not match the system configuration change made by the system modifier if:
the nonce contained within the signed message does not match the nonce generated by the second remote system; or the system identifier contained within the signed message does not match the system identifier sent with the second verification request; or the system configuration change contained within the signed message does not match the system configuration change specified in the supplemental PA certificate. | The present disclosure provides various embodiments of systems and related methods to track and cryptographically verify system configuration changes. More specifically, systems and methods are disclosed herein to track an original system configuration of an information handling system (IHS) as the system was built by a manufacturing facility, and any system configuration changes that are made to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility. Once a user takes ownership of the IHS, systems and methods disclosed herein may be used to cryptographically verify a current system configuration of the IHS. In doing so, the present disclosure provides a way to authenticate or validate system configuration changes that may occur after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility.1. A system, comprising:
an information handling system (IHS) built by a manufacturing facility according to an original system configuration; a first remote system coupled to the IHS via a network, wherein the first remote system is configured to track the original system configuration of the IHS, and any changes made to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility; and a second remote system coupled to the IHS and the first remote system via the network, wherein the second remote system is configured to verify a current system configuration of the IHS after a user takes ownership of the IHS. 2. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the first remote system tracks the original system configuration of the IHS by generating an initial platform attribute (PA) certificate containing information specifying the original system configuration. 3. The system as recited in claim 2, wherein the initial PA certificate includes a system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS and a plurality of component identifiers that identify hardware and/or software components, which were included within the IHS at the manufacturing facility. 44. The system as recited in claim 4, wherein the IHS includes:
a trusted platform module (TPM) that stores a private and public Endorsement Key (EK), a private and public Platform Key (PK) and an EK certificate containing the public EK; and a processing device that executes program instructions to cryptographically verify the current system configuration of the IHS by communicating with the TPM and the second remote system. 5. The system as recited in claim 4, wherein if a system modifier makes a system configuration change to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility the first remote system tracks the system configuration change by generating a supplemental PA certificate containing information specifying the change. 6. The system as recited in claim 5, wherein the supplemental PA certificate includes a system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS and one or more component identifiers that identify hardware and/or software components, which the system modifier added to the IHS after the IHS left the manufacturing facility. 7. The system as recited in claim 5, further comprising a network portal coupled to the IHS, the first remote system and the second remote system via the network, wherein:
the EK certificate, the initial PA certificate and the public PK are provided to the network portal before the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility; and the supplemental PA certificate and the public PK are provided to the network portal, if the system modifier makes the system configuration change to the original system configuration after the IHS leaves the manufacturing facility. 8. The system as recited in claim 7, wherein the IHS initiates verification of the current system configuration by sending a verification request to the second remote system, wherein the verification request includes a system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS. 9. The system as recited in claim 8, wherein upon receiving the verification request, the second remote system:
uses the system identifier to retrieve the EK certificate, the initial PA certificate and the public PK from the network portal; generates a nonce; encrypts the nonce with the public EK obtained from the EK certificate; and sends the encrypted nonce to the IHS. 10. The system as recited in claim 9, wherein upon receiving the encrypted nonce from the second remote system, the IHS:
decrypts the encrypted nonce using the private EK stored within the TPM; retrieves the current system configuration of the IHS; signs the nonce, the system identifier and the current system configuration using the private PK stored within the TPM; and sends a signed message containing the nonce, the system identifier and the current system configuration to the second remote system via the network. 11. The system as recited in claim 10, wherein upon receiving the signed message, the second remote system:
verifies the nonce, the system identifier and the current system configuration contained within the signed message using the public PK and the initial PA certificate retrieved from the network portal; and sends a verification response to the IHS via the network. 12. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein the verification response confirms that the current system configuration matches the original system configuration if:
the nonce contained within the signed message matches the nonce generated by the second remote system; the system identifier contained within the signed message matches the system identifier sent with the verification request; and the current system configuration contained within the signed message matches the original system configuration specified in the initial PA certificate. 13. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein the verification response informs the IHS that the current system configuration does not match the original system configuration if:
the nonce contained within the signed message does not match the nonce generated by the second remote system; or the system identifier contained within the signed message does not match the system identifier sent with the verification request; or the current system configuration contained within the signed message does not match the original system configuration specified in the initial PA certificate. 14. The system as recited in claim 11, wherein if the verification response informs the IHS that the current system configuration does not match the original system configuration, the IHS determines if a supplemental PA certificate was generated for the IHS after the IHS left the manufacturing facility. 15. The system as recited in claim 14, wherein if the supplemental PA certificate was generated for the IHS, the IHS sends a second verification request to the second remote system to initiate verification of the system configuration change specified in the supplemental PA certificate, wherein the second verification request includes the system identifier that uniquely identifies the IHS. 16. The system as recited in claim 15, wherein upon receiving the second verification request, the second remote system:
uses the system identifier to retrieve the EK certificate, the supplemental PA certificate and the public PK from the network portal; generates a nonce; encrypts the nonce with the public EK obtained from the EK certificate; and sends the encrypted nonce to the IHS. 17. The system as recited in claim 16, wherein upon receiving the encrypted nonce from the second remote system, the IHS:
decrypts the encrypted nonce using the private EK stored within the TPM; retrieves the system configuration change; signs the nonce, the system identifier and the system configuration change using the private PK stored within the TPM; and sends a signed message containing the nonce, the system identifier and the system configuration change to the second remote system via the network. 18. The system as recited in claim 17, wherein upon receiving the signed message, the second remote system:
verifies the nonce, the system identifier and the system configuration change contained within the signed message using the public PK and the supplemental PA certificate retrieved from the network portal; and sends a verification response to the IHS via the network. 19. The system as recited in claim 17, wherein the verification response confirms that the system configuration change retrieved by the IHS matches the system configuration change made by the system modifier if:
the nonce contained within the signed message matches the nonce generated by the second remote system; the system identifier contained within the signed message matches the system identifier sent with the second verification request; and the system configuration change contained within the signed message matches the system configuration change specified in the supplemental PA certificate. 20. The system as recited in claim 17, wherein the verification response informs the IHS that the system configuration change retrieved by the IHS does not match the system configuration change made by the system modifier if:
the nonce contained within the signed message does not match the nonce generated by the second remote system; or the system identifier contained within the signed message does not match the system identifier sent with the second verification request; or the system configuration change contained within the signed message does not match the system configuration change specified in the supplemental PA certificate. | 2,800 |
339,813 | 16,800,774 | 2,843 | Horizontal immersion tube boilers include a plurality of burner nozzles positioned in substantial alignment with a respective plurality of boiler tubes. Fuel-air mixture directed through the burner nozzles are ignited by a pilot flame system positioned proximate to the burner nozzles within a combustion chamber. The burner nozzles and pilot flame system receive air from a secondary air manifold having inlets that provide secondary air into the combustion chamber. The flames extending from the burner nozzles are directed into the respective boiler tubes, which exchange heat from the flame into water within a boiler shell. The secondary air inlets direct air around the burner nozzles and toward the boiler tubes, creating an air blanket around each burner nozzle for reducing turbulence and guide the flames into their respective boiler tubes. An improved flame arrestor within the nozzle prevents flame back-flow when modulating to lower firing rates. | 1. A burner nozzle for a horizontal immersion tube boiler, the burner nozzle being operable to supply a flame into a boiler tube, the burner nozzle comprising:
a substantially cylindrical outer housing having inner walls and outer walls; a spool positioned within the housing and having a first region, a second region, and a transition region disposed between the first region and the second region, the spool having a central bore extending therethrough, wherein the first region has a first inner diameter and a first outer diameter, wherein the second region has a second inner diameter and a second outer diameter, wherein the second inner diameter is less than the first inner diameter, wherein the second outer diameter is less than the first outer diameter, wherein a diameter of the transition region is tapered from the first region to the second region to form a sloped annular wall; an inlet chamber defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the first region of the spool, the inlet chamber being operable to receive fuel-air mixture; a primary flow passage defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the second region of the spool, the primary flow passage being in coaxial alignment with the inlet chamber, and the primary flow passage being operable to receive a first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a secondary flow passage at least partially defined by an annular chamber formed between an outer surface of the second region of the spool and the inner walls of the housing, the secondary flow passage being operable to receive a second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a plurality of inlet openings circumferentially spaced along the sloped annular wall, the plurality of inlet openings being configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber to the secondary flow passage; a plurality of outlet openings configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the secondary flow passage toward the boiler tube; and a flame arrestor disposed proximate to the primary flow passage and configured to direct the first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the primary flow passage toward the boiler tube through a plurality of passages formed therein. 2. The burner nozzle according to claim 1, wherein fuel-air mixture directed through the flame arrestor flows at a first velocity, wherein fuel-air mixture directed through the outlet openings flows at a second velocity, and wherein the second velocity is less than the first velocity. 3. The burner nozzle according to claim 1, wherein fuel-air mixture flowing through the outlet openings serves to reduce turbulence and stabilize a flame extending from the burner nozzle. 4. A burner nozzle for a horizontal immersion tube boiler, the burner nozzle being operable to supply a flame into a boiler tube, the burner nozzle comprising:
a substantially cylindrical outer housing having inner walls and outer walls; a spool positioned within the housing and having a first region, a second region, and a third region disposed adjacent to the second region, the spool having a central bore extending therethrough, wherein the first region has a first inner diameter and a first outer diameter, wherein the second region has a second inner diameter and a second outer diameter, wherein the second inner diameter is less than the first inner diameter, wherein the second outer diameter is less than the first outer diameter, wherein the third region has the second inner diameter and the first outer diameter, and wherein the third region has inner walls proximate to the second region and outer walls facing the boiler tube; an inlet chamber defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the first region of the spool, the inlet chamber being operable to receive fuel-air mixture; a primary flow passage defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the second region of the spool, the primary flow passage being in coaxial alignment with the inlet chamber, and the primary flow passage being operable to receive a first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a secondary flow passage at least partially defined by an annular chamber formed between an outer surface of the second region of the spool and the inner walls of the housing, the secondary flow passage being operable to receive a second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a plurality of outlet openings configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the secondary flow passage toward the boiler tube; and a flame arrestor disposed proximate to the primary flow passage and configured to direct the first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the primary flow passage toward the boiler tube through a plurality of passages formed therein. 5. A horizontal immersion tube boiler incorporating an improved burner and air supply assembly, the horizontal immersion tube boiler comprising:
a boiler vessel having a first side and a second side with a plurality of boiler tubes extending from a first side to a second side thereof; a combustion chamber disposed adjacent the first side of the boiler vessel and an exhaust stack disposed the second side of the boiler vessel, the boiler tubes connecting the combustion chamber section and exhaust stack; a burner assembly disposed within the combustion chamber, the burner assembly including a plurality of burner nozzles corresponding to the plurality of boiler tubes, each burner nozzle positioned adjacent to and not extending into its respective boiler tube, each burner nozzle including an inlet chamber operable to receive fuel-air mixture, a primary flow passage in coaxial alignment with the inlet chamber that is operable to receive a first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber, a secondary flow passage that at least partially surrounds the primary flow passage and is operable to receive a second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber, a plurality of outlet openings configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the secondary flow passage toward the boiler tube, and a flame arrestor disposed proximate to the primary flow passage and configured to direct the first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the primary flow passage toward the respective boiler tube through a plurality of passages formed therein; a pilot flame assembly operable to produce a plurality of pilot flames corresponding to the plurality of burner nozzles, the pilot flames serving to ignite fuel-air mixture flowing through the corresponding burner nozzles into the respective boiler tubes; and a secondary air supply at least partially disposed within the combustion chamber, the secondary air supply including a plurality of orifices positioned at locations between the plurality of burner nozzles to direct air around the burner nozzles and guide flames extending from the burner nozzles into the respective boiler tubes, the secondary air supply at least partially serving to provide air to the pilot flame assembly for sustaining the plurality of pilot flames. 6. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 5, wherein the pilot flame assembly comprises:
a pilot gas header fluidly connected to a pilot gas supply; and one or more pilot tubes positioned adjacent to the plurality of burner nozzles, the one or more pilot tubes configured to direct pilot gas from the pilot gas header to a plurality of apertures thereon, the plurality of apertures each operable to support a pilot flame for igniting fuel-air mixture emitted from the respective burner nozzle. 7. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 5, wherein each burner nozzle has a first end and a second end, the flame arrestors being disposed proximate to the second end, and wherein each burner nozzle further comprises:
a first duct extending from the first end toward the second end and having a third diameter; a second duct extending from the second end toward the first end and having a fourth diameter that is less than the third diameter; and one or more chambers surrounding the second duct each having an inlet opening proximate to the first duct and an outlet opening proximate to second end, the outlet openings of the one or more chambers being circumferentially spaced around the flame arrestor of the burner nozzle, wherein fuel-air mixture flowing through the outlet openings serves to reduce turbulence and stabilize a flame extending from the burner nozzle. 8. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 7, wherein the outlet openings of the one or more chambers are radially-extending notches. 9. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 5, wherein the secondary air supply comprises:
a secondary air manifold disposed within the combustion chamber proximate to the first side of the boiler vessel, the secondary air manifold being positioned nearer the first side than the burner nozzles, wherein the plurality of orifices are arranged to direct air around the burner nozzles toward the second side and serving to provide substantially uniform air distribution within the combustion chamber. | Horizontal immersion tube boilers include a plurality of burner nozzles positioned in substantial alignment with a respective plurality of boiler tubes. Fuel-air mixture directed through the burner nozzles are ignited by a pilot flame system positioned proximate to the burner nozzles within a combustion chamber. The burner nozzles and pilot flame system receive air from a secondary air manifold having inlets that provide secondary air into the combustion chamber. The flames extending from the burner nozzles are directed into the respective boiler tubes, which exchange heat from the flame into water within a boiler shell. The secondary air inlets direct air around the burner nozzles and toward the boiler tubes, creating an air blanket around each burner nozzle for reducing turbulence and guide the flames into their respective boiler tubes. An improved flame arrestor within the nozzle prevents flame back-flow when modulating to lower firing rates.1. A burner nozzle for a horizontal immersion tube boiler, the burner nozzle being operable to supply a flame into a boiler tube, the burner nozzle comprising:
a substantially cylindrical outer housing having inner walls and outer walls; a spool positioned within the housing and having a first region, a second region, and a transition region disposed between the first region and the second region, the spool having a central bore extending therethrough, wherein the first region has a first inner diameter and a first outer diameter, wherein the second region has a second inner diameter and a second outer diameter, wherein the second inner diameter is less than the first inner diameter, wherein the second outer diameter is less than the first outer diameter, wherein a diameter of the transition region is tapered from the first region to the second region to form a sloped annular wall; an inlet chamber defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the first region of the spool, the inlet chamber being operable to receive fuel-air mixture; a primary flow passage defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the second region of the spool, the primary flow passage being in coaxial alignment with the inlet chamber, and the primary flow passage being operable to receive a first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a secondary flow passage at least partially defined by an annular chamber formed between an outer surface of the second region of the spool and the inner walls of the housing, the secondary flow passage being operable to receive a second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a plurality of inlet openings circumferentially spaced along the sloped annular wall, the plurality of inlet openings being configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber to the secondary flow passage; a plurality of outlet openings configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the secondary flow passage toward the boiler tube; and a flame arrestor disposed proximate to the primary flow passage and configured to direct the first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the primary flow passage toward the boiler tube through a plurality of passages formed therein. 2. The burner nozzle according to claim 1, wherein fuel-air mixture directed through the flame arrestor flows at a first velocity, wherein fuel-air mixture directed through the outlet openings flows at a second velocity, and wherein the second velocity is less than the first velocity. 3. The burner nozzle according to claim 1, wherein fuel-air mixture flowing through the outlet openings serves to reduce turbulence and stabilize a flame extending from the burner nozzle. 4. A burner nozzle for a horizontal immersion tube boiler, the burner nozzle being operable to supply a flame into a boiler tube, the burner nozzle comprising:
a substantially cylindrical outer housing having inner walls and outer walls; a spool positioned within the housing and having a first region, a second region, and a third region disposed adjacent to the second region, the spool having a central bore extending therethrough, wherein the first region has a first inner diameter and a first outer diameter, wherein the second region has a second inner diameter and a second outer diameter, wherein the second inner diameter is less than the first inner diameter, wherein the second outer diameter is less than the first outer diameter, wherein the third region has the second inner diameter and the first outer diameter, and wherein the third region has inner walls proximate to the second region and outer walls facing the boiler tube; an inlet chamber defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the first region of the spool, the inlet chamber being operable to receive fuel-air mixture; a primary flow passage defined by a portion of the central bore extending through the second region of the spool, the primary flow passage being in coaxial alignment with the inlet chamber, and the primary flow passage being operable to receive a first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a secondary flow passage at least partially defined by an annular chamber formed between an outer surface of the second region of the spool and the inner walls of the housing, the secondary flow passage being operable to receive a second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber; a plurality of outlet openings configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the secondary flow passage toward the boiler tube; and a flame arrestor disposed proximate to the primary flow passage and configured to direct the first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the primary flow passage toward the boiler tube through a plurality of passages formed therein. 5. A horizontal immersion tube boiler incorporating an improved burner and air supply assembly, the horizontal immersion tube boiler comprising:
a boiler vessel having a first side and a second side with a plurality of boiler tubes extending from a first side to a second side thereof; a combustion chamber disposed adjacent the first side of the boiler vessel and an exhaust stack disposed the second side of the boiler vessel, the boiler tubes connecting the combustion chamber section and exhaust stack; a burner assembly disposed within the combustion chamber, the burner assembly including a plurality of burner nozzles corresponding to the plurality of boiler tubes, each burner nozzle positioned adjacent to and not extending into its respective boiler tube, each burner nozzle including an inlet chamber operable to receive fuel-air mixture, a primary flow passage in coaxial alignment with the inlet chamber that is operable to receive a first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber, a secondary flow passage that at least partially surrounds the primary flow passage and is operable to receive a second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the inlet chamber, a plurality of outlet openings configured to direct the second portion of the fuel-air mixture from the secondary flow passage toward the boiler tube, and a flame arrestor disposed proximate to the primary flow passage and configured to direct the first portion of the fuel-air mixture from the primary flow passage toward the respective boiler tube through a plurality of passages formed therein; a pilot flame assembly operable to produce a plurality of pilot flames corresponding to the plurality of burner nozzles, the pilot flames serving to ignite fuel-air mixture flowing through the corresponding burner nozzles into the respective boiler tubes; and a secondary air supply at least partially disposed within the combustion chamber, the secondary air supply including a plurality of orifices positioned at locations between the plurality of burner nozzles to direct air around the burner nozzles and guide flames extending from the burner nozzles into the respective boiler tubes, the secondary air supply at least partially serving to provide air to the pilot flame assembly for sustaining the plurality of pilot flames. 6. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 5, wherein the pilot flame assembly comprises:
a pilot gas header fluidly connected to a pilot gas supply; and one or more pilot tubes positioned adjacent to the plurality of burner nozzles, the one or more pilot tubes configured to direct pilot gas from the pilot gas header to a plurality of apertures thereon, the plurality of apertures each operable to support a pilot flame for igniting fuel-air mixture emitted from the respective burner nozzle. 7. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 5, wherein each burner nozzle has a first end and a second end, the flame arrestors being disposed proximate to the second end, and wherein each burner nozzle further comprises:
a first duct extending from the first end toward the second end and having a third diameter; a second duct extending from the second end toward the first end and having a fourth diameter that is less than the third diameter; and one or more chambers surrounding the second duct each having an inlet opening proximate to the first duct and an outlet opening proximate to second end, the outlet openings of the one or more chambers being circumferentially spaced around the flame arrestor of the burner nozzle, wherein fuel-air mixture flowing through the outlet openings serves to reduce turbulence and stabilize a flame extending from the burner nozzle. 8. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 7, wherein the outlet openings of the one or more chambers are radially-extending notches. 9. The horizontal immersion tube boiler according to claim 5, wherein the secondary air supply comprises:
a secondary air manifold disposed within the combustion chamber proximate to the first side of the boiler vessel, the secondary air manifold being positioned nearer the first side than the burner nozzles, wherein the plurality of orifices are arranged to direct air around the burner nozzles toward the second side and serving to provide substantially uniform air distribution within the combustion chamber. | 2,800 |
339,814 | 16,800,784 | 2,853 | A conveyance device includes a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object and a fluid introduction device disposed outside the support. The fluid introduction device is configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object. The conveyance device further includes a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer. | 1. A conveyance device comprising:
a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object; a fluid introduction device being outside the support, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object; and a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer. 2. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a tension sensor configured to detect a tension of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the tension sensor. 3. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a behavior detector configured to detect a behavior of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the behavior detector. 4. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
an outflow stopper at an end of the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, the outflow stopper configured to prevent the fluid from flowing out from between the support face and the conveyed object in the width direction. 5. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is a driven rotator configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object. 6. The conveyance device according to claim 5,
wherein the center of gravity of the driven rotator is off a center of rotation of the driven rotator. 7. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is an irrotational body. 8. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is outside the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, and wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid toward the support in the width direction. 9. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid in a smaller flow rate in a center area of the conveyed object in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object than a flow rate in an end area of the conveyed object in the width direction. 10. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
the conveyance device according to claim 1; and a liquid discharge device configured to discharge a liquid onto the conveyed object conveyed by the conveyance device. 11. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein the support face of the support is opposite a liquid adhering surface of the conveyed object to which the liquid is applied by the liquid discharge device. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a liquid discharge head configured to discharge a liquid onto a conveyed object; a first driven rotator being upstream from the liquid discharge head in a conveyance direction of the conveyed object and configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object; a second driven rotator being downstream from the liquid discharge head in the conveyance direction and configured to rotate along with the conveyance of the conveyed object; and a fluid introduction device being outside the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the first driven rotator and the conveyed object and between the second driven rotator and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object, the liquid discharge head configured to discharge the liquid onto the conveyed object being floating from the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator via the fluid layer. | A conveyance device includes a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object and a fluid introduction device disposed outside the support. The fluid introduction device is configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object. The conveyance device further includes a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer.1. A conveyance device comprising:
a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object; a fluid introduction device being outside the support, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object; and a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer. 2. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a tension sensor configured to detect a tension of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the tension sensor. 3. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a behavior detector configured to detect a behavior of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the behavior detector. 4. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
an outflow stopper at an end of the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, the outflow stopper configured to prevent the fluid from flowing out from between the support face and the conveyed object in the width direction. 5. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is a driven rotator configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object. 6. The conveyance device according to claim 5,
wherein the center of gravity of the driven rotator is off a center of rotation of the driven rotator. 7. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is an irrotational body. 8. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is outside the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, and wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid toward the support in the width direction. 9. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid in a smaller flow rate in a center area of the conveyed object in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object than a flow rate in an end area of the conveyed object in the width direction. 10. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
the conveyance device according to claim 1; and a liquid discharge device configured to discharge a liquid onto the conveyed object conveyed by the conveyance device. 11. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein the support face of the support is opposite a liquid adhering surface of the conveyed object to which the liquid is applied by the liquid discharge device. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a liquid discharge head configured to discharge a liquid onto a conveyed object; a first driven rotator being upstream from the liquid discharge head in a conveyance direction of the conveyed object and configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object; a second driven rotator being downstream from the liquid discharge head in the conveyance direction and configured to rotate along with the conveyance of the conveyed object; and a fluid introduction device being outside the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the first driven rotator and the conveyed object and between the second driven rotator and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object, the liquid discharge head configured to discharge the liquid onto the conveyed object being floating from the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator via the fluid layer. | 2,800 |
339,815 | 16,800,775 | 2,853 | A conveyance device includes a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object and a fluid introduction device disposed outside the support. The fluid introduction device is configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object. The conveyance device further includes a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer. | 1. A conveyance device comprising:
a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object; a fluid introduction device being outside the support, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object; and a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer. 2. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a tension sensor configured to detect a tension of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the tension sensor. 3. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a behavior detector configured to detect a behavior of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the behavior detector. 4. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
an outflow stopper at an end of the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, the outflow stopper configured to prevent the fluid from flowing out from between the support face and the conveyed object in the width direction. 5. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is a driven rotator configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object. 6. The conveyance device according to claim 5,
wherein the center of gravity of the driven rotator is off a center of rotation of the driven rotator. 7. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is an irrotational body. 8. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is outside the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, and wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid toward the support in the width direction. 9. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid in a smaller flow rate in a center area of the conveyed object in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object than a flow rate in an end area of the conveyed object in the width direction. 10. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
the conveyance device according to claim 1; and a liquid discharge device configured to discharge a liquid onto the conveyed object conveyed by the conveyance device. 11. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein the support face of the support is opposite a liquid adhering surface of the conveyed object to which the liquid is applied by the liquid discharge device. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a liquid discharge head configured to discharge a liquid onto a conveyed object; a first driven rotator being upstream from the liquid discharge head in a conveyance direction of the conveyed object and configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object; a second driven rotator being downstream from the liquid discharge head in the conveyance direction and configured to rotate along with the conveyance of the conveyed object; and a fluid introduction device being outside the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the first driven rotator and the conveyed object and between the second driven rotator and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object, the liquid discharge head configured to discharge the liquid onto the conveyed object being floating from the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator via the fluid layer. | A conveyance device includes a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object and a fluid introduction device disposed outside the support. The fluid introduction device is configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object. The conveyance device further includes a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer.1. A conveyance device comprising:
a support having a support face configured to support a conveyed object; a fluid introduction device being outside the support, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the support face of the support and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object; and a conveyor configured to convey the conveyed object being floating from the support via the fluid layer. 2. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a tension sensor configured to detect a tension of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the tension sensor. 3. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a behavior detector configured to detect a behavior of the conveyed object; and control circuitry configured to control the fluid introduction device according to a detection result of the behavior detector. 4. The conveyance device according to claim 1, further comprising:
an outflow stopper at an end of the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, the outflow stopper configured to prevent the fluid from flowing out from between the support face and the conveyed object in the width direction. 5. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is a driven rotator configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object. 6. The conveyance device according to claim 5,
wherein the center of gravity of the driven rotator is off a center of rotation of the driven rotator. 7. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the support is an irrotational body. 8. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is outside the support in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object, and wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid toward the support in the width direction. 9. The conveyance device according to claim 1,
wherein the fluid introduction device is configured to introduce the fluid in a smaller flow rate in a center area of the conveyed object in a width direction perpendicular to a conveyance direction of the conveyed object than a flow rate in an end area of the conveyed object in the width direction. 10. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
the conveyance device according to claim 1; and a liquid discharge device configured to discharge a liquid onto the conveyed object conveyed by the conveyance device. 11. The liquid discharge apparatus according to claim 10,
wherein the support face of the support is opposite a liquid adhering surface of the conveyed object to which the liquid is applied by the liquid discharge device. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
a liquid discharge head configured to discharge a liquid onto a conveyed object; a first driven rotator being upstream from the liquid discharge head in a conveyance direction of the conveyed object and configured to rotate along with conveyance of the conveyed object; a second driven rotator being downstream from the liquid discharge head in the conveyance direction and configured to rotate along with the conveyance of the conveyed object; and a fluid introduction device being outside the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator, the fluid introduction device configured to introduce a fluid between the first driven rotator and the conveyed object and between the second driven rotator and the conveyed object, to form a fluid layer for floating the conveyed object, the liquid discharge head configured to discharge the liquid onto the conveyed object being floating from the first driven rotator and the second driven rotator via the fluid layer. | 2,800 |
339,816 | 16,800,761 | 3,634 | A limit position safety device for establishing upper and lower limit positions of a rolling door that can be raised when rolled onto a generally horizontal shaft when the shaft rotates in a first direction and lowered when the shaft rotates in an opposing direction. The device includes two electrical limit switches each actuatable to reflect when an associated limit position of the rolling door has been reached. Actuators are movable to selectively actuate one of the limit switches at associated upper or lower limit positions of the rolling door. Drive gear are directly coupled to the shaft for moving the actuators in response to movements of the rolling door horizontal shaft. Accordingly, the direct drive gears always provide a direct physical connection or link between the rolling door shaft and the actuators to provide reliable indications of the position of the rolling door. | 1. A limit position safety device for establishing upper and lower limit positions of a rolling door that can be raised when rolled onto a generally horizontal shaft when the shaft rotates in a first direction and lowered when the shaft rotates in an opposing direction, said device comprising two electrical limit switches each actuatable to reflect when an associated limit position of the rolling door has been reached; actuators movable to selectively actuate one of the limit switches at associated upper or lower limit positions of the rolling door; and direct drive gear means coupled to the horizontal shaft for moving said actuators in response to movements of the rolling door horizontal shaft, whereby said direct drive gear means always provides a direct physical connection or link between the rolling door shaft and said actuators to provide reliable indications of the position of the rolling door. 2. A safety device as defined in claim 1, further comprising a fire door operator; a limit position safety device for establishing upper and lower limit positions of a rolling door that can be raised when rolled onto a generally horizontal shaft when the shaft rotates in a first direction and lowered when the shaft rotates in an opposing direction, said device comprising two electrical limit switches each actuatable to reflect when an associated limit position of the rolling door has been reached; actuators movable to selectively actuate one of the limit switches at associated upper or lower limit positions of the rolling door; and direct drive gear means coupled to the horizontal shaft for moving said actuators in response to movements of the rolling door horizontal shaft, whereby said direct drive gear means always provides a direct physical connection or link between the rolling door shaft and said actuators to provide reliable indications of the position of the rolling door. 3. A safety device as defined in claim 2, wherein said fire door operator includes a substantially enclosed housing and said device is mounted on the exterior of said housing. 4. A safety device as defined in claim 3, wherein said limit switches are coupled to said horizontal shaft by a gear set composed of a plurality of meshed gears. 5. A safety device as defined in claim 4, wherein said gear set includes at least one gear extending through an opening in said housing. 6. A safety device as defined in claim 1, wherein said actuators are threadedly mounted on an externally threaded travel bar or work shaft, whereby rotations of said direct drive gear means are translated to linear movements of said actuators. | A limit position safety device for establishing upper and lower limit positions of a rolling door that can be raised when rolled onto a generally horizontal shaft when the shaft rotates in a first direction and lowered when the shaft rotates in an opposing direction. The device includes two electrical limit switches each actuatable to reflect when an associated limit position of the rolling door has been reached. Actuators are movable to selectively actuate one of the limit switches at associated upper or lower limit positions of the rolling door. Drive gear are directly coupled to the shaft for moving the actuators in response to movements of the rolling door horizontal shaft. Accordingly, the direct drive gears always provide a direct physical connection or link between the rolling door shaft and the actuators to provide reliable indications of the position of the rolling door.1. A limit position safety device for establishing upper and lower limit positions of a rolling door that can be raised when rolled onto a generally horizontal shaft when the shaft rotates in a first direction and lowered when the shaft rotates in an opposing direction, said device comprising two electrical limit switches each actuatable to reflect when an associated limit position of the rolling door has been reached; actuators movable to selectively actuate one of the limit switches at associated upper or lower limit positions of the rolling door; and direct drive gear means coupled to the horizontal shaft for moving said actuators in response to movements of the rolling door horizontal shaft, whereby said direct drive gear means always provides a direct physical connection or link between the rolling door shaft and said actuators to provide reliable indications of the position of the rolling door. 2. A safety device as defined in claim 1, further comprising a fire door operator; a limit position safety device for establishing upper and lower limit positions of a rolling door that can be raised when rolled onto a generally horizontal shaft when the shaft rotates in a first direction and lowered when the shaft rotates in an opposing direction, said device comprising two electrical limit switches each actuatable to reflect when an associated limit position of the rolling door has been reached; actuators movable to selectively actuate one of the limit switches at associated upper or lower limit positions of the rolling door; and direct drive gear means coupled to the horizontal shaft for moving said actuators in response to movements of the rolling door horizontal shaft, whereby said direct drive gear means always provides a direct physical connection or link between the rolling door shaft and said actuators to provide reliable indications of the position of the rolling door. 3. A safety device as defined in claim 2, wherein said fire door operator includes a substantially enclosed housing and said device is mounted on the exterior of said housing. 4. A safety device as defined in claim 3, wherein said limit switches are coupled to said horizontal shaft by a gear set composed of a plurality of meshed gears. 5. A safety device as defined in claim 4, wherein said gear set includes at least one gear extending through an opening in said housing. 6. A safety device as defined in claim 1, wherein said actuators are threadedly mounted on an externally threaded travel bar or work shaft, whereby rotations of said direct drive gear means are translated to linear movements of said actuators. | 3,600 |
339,817 | 16,800,773 | 3,634 | Systems and methods are provided for continuously and automatically monitoring, controlling, and combining shore-based AC power sources for waterborne vessels while the vessels are at dock or in port. The systems can allow a one or more shore AC power AC to power the entire vessel, and automatically and safely join multiple power sources to power a single higher-current-capacity electrical distribution bus on the vessel. The systems can automatically monitor and evaluate the characteristics of multiple shore power sources to determine when it is possible to safely combine the sources. Also, the systems can recognize the disconnection/disablement of a shore power source, and can un-combine that power source from the other power sources feeding the system. The systems can automatically evaluate the phase, current and voltage of multiple AC sources, and combine the sources only after a specific set of conditions are satisfied. | 1. A system for combining electrical power from a first and a second source of electrical power, comprising:
a first transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a second transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the second source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a combiner device comprising:
a processing device;
a first contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the first transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and a power-distribution bus of a vessel in response to a first input from the processing device; and
a second contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the second transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a second input from the processing device; wherein: the processing device in configured to generate the first and second inputs in response to a set of criteria relating to electrical characteristics of the first and second transformers. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of criteria includes: whether the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power; a difference between output voltages of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers; and a phase angle between the outputs of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the phase angle is less than a predetermined value. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the difference between the output voltages is less than a predetermined value. 5. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second transformers are isolation/polarization transformers. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the first contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a third input from the processing device; the second contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a fourth input from the processing device; and the processing device in further configured to generate the third input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the first transformer is not electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and to generate the fourth input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the second transformer is not electrically connected to the second source of electrical power. 8. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device is further configured to continuously monitor: a current between the primary winding of the first transformer and the first source of electrical power; a current between the primary winding of the second transformer and the second source of electrical power; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the first transformer; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the second transformer; a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the first transformer; and a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the second transformer. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing device is further configured to communicate with a communication network of the vessel. | Systems and methods are provided for continuously and automatically monitoring, controlling, and combining shore-based AC power sources for waterborne vessels while the vessels are at dock or in port. The systems can allow a one or more shore AC power AC to power the entire vessel, and automatically and safely join multiple power sources to power a single higher-current-capacity electrical distribution bus on the vessel. The systems can automatically monitor and evaluate the characteristics of multiple shore power sources to determine when it is possible to safely combine the sources. Also, the systems can recognize the disconnection/disablement of a shore power source, and can un-combine that power source from the other power sources feeding the system. The systems can automatically evaluate the phase, current and voltage of multiple AC sources, and combine the sources only after a specific set of conditions are satisfied.1. A system for combining electrical power from a first and a second source of electrical power, comprising:
a first transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a second transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the second source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a combiner device comprising:
a processing device;
a first contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the first transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and a power-distribution bus of a vessel in response to a first input from the processing device; and
a second contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the second transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a second input from the processing device; wherein: the processing device in configured to generate the first and second inputs in response to a set of criteria relating to electrical characteristics of the first and second transformers. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of criteria includes: whether the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power; a difference between output voltages of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers; and a phase angle between the outputs of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the phase angle is less than a predetermined value. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the difference between the output voltages is less than a predetermined value. 5. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second transformers are isolation/polarization transformers. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the first contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a third input from the processing device; the second contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a fourth input from the processing device; and the processing device in further configured to generate the third input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the first transformer is not electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and to generate the fourth input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the second transformer is not electrically connected to the second source of electrical power. 8. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device is further configured to continuously monitor: a current between the primary winding of the first transformer and the first source of electrical power; a current between the primary winding of the second transformer and the second source of electrical power; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the first transformer; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the second transformer; a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the first transformer; and a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the second transformer. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing device is further configured to communicate with a communication network of the vessel. | 3,600 |
339,818 | 16,800,767 | 3,634 | Systems and methods are provided for continuously and automatically monitoring, controlling, and combining shore-based AC power sources for waterborne vessels while the vessels are at dock or in port. The systems can allow a one or more shore AC power AC to power the entire vessel, and automatically and safely join multiple power sources to power a single higher-current-capacity electrical distribution bus on the vessel. The systems can automatically monitor and evaluate the characteristics of multiple shore power sources to determine when it is possible to safely combine the sources. Also, the systems can recognize the disconnection/disablement of a shore power source, and can un-combine that power source from the other power sources feeding the system. The systems can automatically evaluate the phase, current and voltage of multiple AC sources, and combine the sources only after a specific set of conditions are satisfied. | 1. A system for combining electrical power from a first and a second source of electrical power, comprising:
a first transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a second transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the second source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a combiner device comprising:
a processing device;
a first contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the first transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and a power-distribution bus of a vessel in response to a first input from the processing device; and
a second contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the second transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a second input from the processing device; wherein: the processing device in configured to generate the first and second inputs in response to a set of criteria relating to electrical characteristics of the first and second transformers. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of criteria includes: whether the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power; a difference between output voltages of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers; and a phase angle between the outputs of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the phase angle is less than a predetermined value. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the difference between the output voltages is less than a predetermined value. 5. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second transformers are isolation/polarization transformers. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the first contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a third input from the processing device; the second contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a fourth input from the processing device; and the processing device in further configured to generate the third input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the first transformer is not electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and to generate the fourth input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the second transformer is not electrically connected to the second source of electrical power. 8. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device is further configured to continuously monitor: a current between the primary winding of the first transformer and the first source of electrical power; a current between the primary winding of the second transformer and the second source of electrical power; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the first transformer; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the second transformer; a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the first transformer; and a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the second transformer. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing device is further configured to communicate with a communication network of the vessel. | Systems and methods are provided for continuously and automatically monitoring, controlling, and combining shore-based AC power sources for waterborne vessels while the vessels are at dock or in port. The systems can allow a one or more shore AC power AC to power the entire vessel, and automatically and safely join multiple power sources to power a single higher-current-capacity electrical distribution bus on the vessel. The systems can automatically monitor and evaluate the characteristics of multiple shore power sources to determine when it is possible to safely combine the sources. Also, the systems can recognize the disconnection/disablement of a shore power source, and can un-combine that power source from the other power sources feeding the system. The systems can automatically evaluate the phase, current and voltage of multiple AC sources, and combine the sources only after a specific set of conditions are satisfied.1. A system for combining electrical power from a first and a second source of electrical power, comprising:
a first transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a second transformer having a primary winding configured to be electrically connected to the second source of electrical power; and a secondary winding; a combiner device comprising:
a processing device;
a first contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the first transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and a power-distribution bus of a vessel in response to a first input from the processing device; and
a second contactor communicatively coupled to the processing device, electrically connected to the secondary winding of the second transformer, and configured to establish an electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a second input from the processing device; wherein: the processing device in configured to generate the first and second inputs in response to a set of criteria relating to electrical characteristics of the first and second transformers. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of criteria includes: whether the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power; a difference between output voltages of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers; and a phase angle between the outputs of the secondary windings of the first and second transformers. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the phase angle is less than a predetermined value. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the difference between the output voltages is less than a predetermined value. 5. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device in further configured to generate the first and second inputs only when the first and second transformers are connected to the respective first and second sources of electrical power. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and second transformers are isolation/polarization transformers. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein:
the first contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the first transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a third input from the processing device; the second contactor is further configured to interrupt the electrical connection between the secondary winding of the second transformer and the power-distribution bus in response to a fourth input from the processing device; and the processing device in further configured to generate the third input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the first transformer is not electrically connected to the first source of electrical power; and to generate the fourth input in response to a determination that the primary winding of the second transformer is not electrically connected to the second source of electrical power. 8. The system of claim 2, wherein the processing device is further configured to continuously monitor: a current between the primary winding of the first transformer and the first source of electrical power; a current between the primary winding of the second transformer and the second source of electrical power; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the first transformer; the output voltage of the secondary winding of the second transformer; a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the first transformer; and a phase of the output of the secondary winding of the second transformer. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the processing device is further configured to communicate with a communication network of the vessel. | 3,600 |
339,819 | 16,800,760 | 2,432 | The present invention provides a method of integrating existing strong encryption methods into the processing of a .ZIP file to provide a highly secure data container which provides flexibility in the use of symmetric and asymmetric encryption technology. The present invention adapts the well-established .ZIP file format to support higher levels of security and multiple methods of data encryption and key management, thereby producing a highly secure and flexible digital container for electronically storing and transferring confidential data. | 1-24. (canceled) 25. A method of constructing a modified .ZIP file format data container on a computer, said method including:
receiving a first data file at an application on a computer, wherein said first data file has been retrieved from an electronic computer data storage by said application; receiving a first symmetric user key data at said application on said computer, wherein said first symmetric user key data has been received from a user; receiving a first symmetric random key data at said application on said computer, encrypting said first data file to form a first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypting uses symmetric encryption employing a first encryption method using said first symmetric random key data, wherein said first encryption method is selected from a plurality of available encryption methods selectable by said user, wherein said symmetric encryption uses one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user; wherein said first symmetric random key data is symmetrically encrypted using said first encryption method and said one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user to form a first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said first symmetric user key data is used as an encryption key in said symmetric encryption; and constructing, on said computer, a modified .ZIP file format data container based on the .ZIP file format, wherein said modified .ZIP file format has been modified from the .ZIP file format to include an encrypted key data storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said modified .ZIP file format data container includes an encrypted data file storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypted key data storage location is logically associated with said encrypted data file storage location based on the position of said encrypted key data storage location and the location of said encrypted data file storage location in said modified .ZIP file format data container. 26. A system for constructing a modified .ZIP file format data container on a computer, said system including:
a computing device including an application, wherein said computing device receives a first data file at said application, wherein said first data file has been retrieved from an electronic computer data storage by said application, wherein said application on said computing device receives a first symmetric user key data, wherein said first symmetric user key data has been received from a user, wherein said application on said computing device receives a first symmetric random key data, wherein said application encrypts said first data file to form a first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypting uses symmetric encryption employing a first encryption method using said first symmetric random key data, wherein said first encryption method is selected from a plurality of available encryption methods selectable by said user, wherein said symmetric encryption uses one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user; wherein said first symmetric random key data is symmetrically encrypted using said first encryption method and said one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user to form a first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said first symmetric user key data is used as an encryption key in said symmetric encryption; wherein said application constructs a modified .ZIP file format data container based on the .ZIP file format, wherein said modified .ZIP file format has been modified from the .ZIP file format to include an encrypted key data storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said modified .ZIP file format data container includes an encrypted data file storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypted key data storage location is logically associated with said encrypted data file storage location based on the position of said encrypted key data storage location and the location of said encrypted data file storage location in said modified .ZIP file format data container. | The present invention provides a method of integrating existing strong encryption methods into the processing of a .ZIP file to provide a highly secure data container which provides flexibility in the use of symmetric and asymmetric encryption technology. The present invention adapts the well-established .ZIP file format to support higher levels of security and multiple methods of data encryption and key management, thereby producing a highly secure and flexible digital container for electronically storing and transferring confidential data.1-24. (canceled) 25. A method of constructing a modified .ZIP file format data container on a computer, said method including:
receiving a first data file at an application on a computer, wherein said first data file has been retrieved from an electronic computer data storage by said application; receiving a first symmetric user key data at said application on said computer, wherein said first symmetric user key data has been received from a user; receiving a first symmetric random key data at said application on said computer, encrypting said first data file to form a first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypting uses symmetric encryption employing a first encryption method using said first symmetric random key data, wherein said first encryption method is selected from a plurality of available encryption methods selectable by said user, wherein said symmetric encryption uses one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user; wherein said first symmetric random key data is symmetrically encrypted using said first encryption method and said one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user to form a first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said first symmetric user key data is used as an encryption key in said symmetric encryption; and constructing, on said computer, a modified .ZIP file format data container based on the .ZIP file format, wherein said modified .ZIP file format has been modified from the .ZIP file format to include an encrypted key data storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said modified .ZIP file format data container includes an encrypted data file storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypted key data storage location is logically associated with said encrypted data file storage location based on the position of said encrypted key data storage location and the location of said encrypted data file storage location in said modified .ZIP file format data container. 26. A system for constructing a modified .ZIP file format data container on a computer, said system including:
a computing device including an application, wherein said computing device receives a first data file at said application, wherein said first data file has been retrieved from an electronic computer data storage by said application, wherein said application on said computing device receives a first symmetric user key data, wherein said first symmetric user key data has been received from a user, wherein said application on said computing device receives a first symmetric random key data, wherein said application encrypts said first data file to form a first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypting uses symmetric encryption employing a first encryption method using said first symmetric random key data, wherein said first encryption method is selected from a plurality of available encryption methods selectable by said user, wherein said symmetric encryption uses one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user; wherein said first symmetric random key data is symmetrically encrypted using said first encryption method and said one of a plurality of bit lengths selectable by said user to form a first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said first symmetric user key data is used as an encryption key in said symmetric encryption; wherein said application constructs a modified .ZIP file format data container based on the .ZIP file format, wherein said modified .ZIP file format has been modified from the .ZIP file format to include an encrypted key data storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted symmetric key data, wherein said modified .ZIP file format data container includes an encrypted data file storage location receiving and storing said first encrypted data file, wherein said encrypted key data storage location is logically associated with said encrypted data file storage location based on the position of said encrypted key data storage location and the location of said encrypted data file storage location in said modified .ZIP file format data container. | 2,400 |
339,820 | 16,800,804 | 2,432 | The present invention relates to a medicament injector including an applicator with a cartridge-accepting receptacle. The medicament injector includes interchangeable, pre-filled medicament-containing cartridges. Each cartridge includes at least one barrier member having a closed position in which access to the medicament is inhibited. The barrier member is moveable from the closed position to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. The barrier member is moves back to the closed position when the cartridge is removed from the cartridge-accepting receptacle. This allows for plurality of pre-filled medicament cartridges to be selected on demand via a need-based scenario for quick assembly with the medicament injector for use in various clinical scenarios to reduce the bulk, errors, complexity, and steps in medicament delivery while increasing the versatility, safety, and speed of medicament delivery in time critical situations. | 1. A medicament injector comprising:
an applicator including a cartridge-accepting receptacle; and an interchangeable cartridge including a body shaped to receive or contain a medicament within an interior thereof and including at least one barrier member having a closed position in which access to the medicament is inhibited, the barrier member moving from the closed position to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle, and the barrier member moving back to the closed position when the cartridge is removed from the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 2. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a needle and wherein the barrier member is rotatable relative to the body, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the applicator causes the barrier member to rotate from the closed position to the open position thereby allowing communication between the cartridge and the needle. 3. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a first of teeth and a gear and the barrier member includes a second of the teeth and the gear, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the applicator causes the teeth and the gear to engage each other, with the barrier member moving from the closed position to the open position. 4. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the barrier member includes a lever which engages with the applicator when the cartridge is inserted into the applicator and causes the barrier member to move from the closed position to the open position. 5. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a needle that is selectively in fluid communication with the medicament when the cartridge is inserted into the applicator. 6. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a needle and a depressor actuation of which causes the medicament to be in fluid communication with the needle. 7. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 5 further including a second barrier member interposed between the needle and the cartridge, the second barrier member having a closed position in which fluid communication between the cartridge and the needle is inhibited, and the second barrier member being movable from the closed position thereof to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 8. A medicament injector comprising:
an applicator including a cartridge-accepting receptacle; and an interchangeable cartridge including a body shaped to receive or contain a medicament within an interior thereof and including a valve coupled to said body, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the cartridge-accepting receptacle actuates the valve to move from a closed position, in which access to the medicament is inhibited, to an open position in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator. 9. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the valve is received within and rotatable relative to the body from the closed position to the open position. 10. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the applicator includes a first of a linear gear and a circular gear, and the cartridge includes a second of the linear gear and the circular gear, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the applicator causes the gears to engage with each other, and the valve to move from the closed position to the open position. 11. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the applicator includes a needle assembly that is selectively in fluid communication with the medicament when the cartridge is inserted into the applicator. 12. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 11 wherein the needle assembly is coupled to and resiliently biased outwards from the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 13. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 11 further including a second valve interposed between the needle assembly and the cartridge, the second valve having a closed position in which fluid communication between the cartridge and the needle assembly is inhibited, and the second valve being movable from the closed position to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 14. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the applicator further includes a depressor, and wherein the cartridge is configured to only enable release of the medicament upon the cartridge being fully inserted into the applicator and the depressor being thereafter actuated. 15. A medicament injector comprising:
a needle; a cartridge-accepting receptacle coupled to the needle; and an interchangeable cartridge having an interior in which a medicament is contained or received, the cartridge having a pre-injection mode in which access to the medicament is inhibited, and insertion of the cartridge into the cartridge-accepting receptacle causes the cartridge to move from the pre-injection mode to an injection mode in which the medicament is accessible via the needle. 16. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 further including a depressor to which the needle is coupled and outwardly extends, the depressor being resilient biased outwards relative to the cartridge-accepting receptacle, whereby inwardly biasing the depressor causes the needle to be in fluid communication with the cartridge once inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 17. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 including a first barrier member which inhibits access to the medicament when the cartridge is in the pre-injection mode and a second barrier member which inhibits access to the needle when the cartridge is in the pre-injection mode. 18. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 wherein the cartridge includes a barrel with a sealed opening and a spring-biased piston which biases a medicament outwards of the barrel when the sealed opening is pierced by the needle. 19. A kit comprising a plurality of interchangeable cartridges and the medicament injector as claimed in claim 1. 20. A medicament injector comprising:
an applicator including a cartridge-accepting receptacle; a plurality of interchangeable cartridges containing pre-filled amounts of one or more medicaments therewithin; and a reversible barrier mechanism which inhibits access to the medicament until a selected one of said cartridges is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 21. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 20 wherein the applicator includes a patient-facing portion adapted for variable injection mechanisms including at least one of IM (intramuscular) needle delivery, IV (intravenous) fluid connection delivery with a standard IV tubing and Luer Lock™ mechanism, and IN (intranasal) medicament atomizer delivery. 22. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 wherein once the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle, delivery of medicament is determined by at least one of
a plunger mechanism where a partial or complete dose of medicament is delivered,
a spring-loaded delivery system where an entire volume/dosage of medicament in a pre-filled said cartridge is delivered, and
a pneumatic delivery system where the entire volume/dosage of medicament in the pre-filled said cartridge is delivered 23. The interchangeable cartridge as claimed in claim 1 shaped to be received within a cartridge-receiving receptacle of a medicament injector. | The present invention relates to a medicament injector including an applicator with a cartridge-accepting receptacle. The medicament injector includes interchangeable, pre-filled medicament-containing cartridges. Each cartridge includes at least one barrier member having a closed position in which access to the medicament is inhibited. The barrier member is moveable from the closed position to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. The barrier member is moves back to the closed position when the cartridge is removed from the cartridge-accepting receptacle. This allows for plurality of pre-filled medicament cartridges to be selected on demand via a need-based scenario for quick assembly with the medicament injector for use in various clinical scenarios to reduce the bulk, errors, complexity, and steps in medicament delivery while increasing the versatility, safety, and speed of medicament delivery in time critical situations.1. A medicament injector comprising:
an applicator including a cartridge-accepting receptacle; and an interchangeable cartridge including a body shaped to receive or contain a medicament within an interior thereof and including at least one barrier member having a closed position in which access to the medicament is inhibited, the barrier member moving from the closed position to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle, and the barrier member moving back to the closed position when the cartridge is removed from the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 2. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a needle and wherein the barrier member is rotatable relative to the body, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the applicator causes the barrier member to rotate from the closed position to the open position thereby allowing communication between the cartridge and the needle. 3. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a first of teeth and a gear and the barrier member includes a second of the teeth and the gear, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the applicator causes the teeth and the gear to engage each other, with the barrier member moving from the closed position to the open position. 4. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the barrier member includes a lever which engages with the applicator when the cartridge is inserted into the applicator and causes the barrier member to move from the closed position to the open position. 5. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a needle that is selectively in fluid communication with the medicament when the cartridge is inserted into the applicator. 6. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 1 wherein the applicator includes a needle and a depressor actuation of which causes the medicament to be in fluid communication with the needle. 7. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 5 further including a second barrier member interposed between the needle and the cartridge, the second barrier member having a closed position in which fluid communication between the cartridge and the needle is inhibited, and the second barrier member being movable from the closed position thereof to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 8. A medicament injector comprising:
an applicator including a cartridge-accepting receptacle; and an interchangeable cartridge including a body shaped to receive or contain a medicament within an interior thereof and including a valve coupled to said body, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the cartridge-accepting receptacle actuates the valve to move from a closed position, in which access to the medicament is inhibited, to an open position in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator. 9. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the valve is received within and rotatable relative to the body from the closed position to the open position. 10. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the applicator includes a first of a linear gear and a circular gear, and the cartridge includes a second of the linear gear and the circular gear, whereby insertion of the cartridge into the applicator causes the gears to engage with each other, and the valve to move from the closed position to the open position. 11. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the applicator includes a needle assembly that is selectively in fluid communication with the medicament when the cartridge is inserted into the applicator. 12. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 11 wherein the needle assembly is coupled to and resiliently biased outwards from the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 13. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 11 further including a second valve interposed between the needle assembly and the cartridge, the second valve having a closed position in which fluid communication between the cartridge and the needle assembly is inhibited, and the second valve being movable from the closed position to an open position, in which the medicament is accessible via the applicator, when the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 14. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 8 wherein the applicator further includes a depressor, and wherein the cartridge is configured to only enable release of the medicament upon the cartridge being fully inserted into the applicator and the depressor being thereafter actuated. 15. A medicament injector comprising:
a needle; a cartridge-accepting receptacle coupled to the needle; and an interchangeable cartridge having an interior in which a medicament is contained or received, the cartridge having a pre-injection mode in which access to the medicament is inhibited, and insertion of the cartridge into the cartridge-accepting receptacle causes the cartridge to move from the pre-injection mode to an injection mode in which the medicament is accessible via the needle. 16. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 further including a depressor to which the needle is coupled and outwardly extends, the depressor being resilient biased outwards relative to the cartridge-accepting receptacle, whereby inwardly biasing the depressor causes the needle to be in fluid communication with the cartridge once inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 17. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 including a first barrier member which inhibits access to the medicament when the cartridge is in the pre-injection mode and a second barrier member which inhibits access to the needle when the cartridge is in the pre-injection mode. 18. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 wherein the cartridge includes a barrel with a sealed opening and a spring-biased piston which biases a medicament outwards of the barrel when the sealed opening is pierced by the needle. 19. A kit comprising a plurality of interchangeable cartridges and the medicament injector as claimed in claim 1. 20. A medicament injector comprising:
an applicator including a cartridge-accepting receptacle; a plurality of interchangeable cartridges containing pre-filled amounts of one or more medicaments therewithin; and a reversible barrier mechanism which inhibits access to the medicament until a selected one of said cartridges is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle. 21. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 20 wherein the applicator includes a patient-facing portion adapted for variable injection mechanisms including at least one of IM (intramuscular) needle delivery, IV (intravenous) fluid connection delivery with a standard IV tubing and Luer Lock™ mechanism, and IN (intranasal) medicament atomizer delivery. 22. The medicament injector as claimed in claim 15 wherein once the cartridge is inserted into the cartridge-accepting receptacle, delivery of medicament is determined by at least one of
a plunger mechanism where a partial or complete dose of medicament is delivered,
a spring-loaded delivery system where an entire volume/dosage of medicament in a pre-filled said cartridge is delivered, and
a pneumatic delivery system where the entire volume/dosage of medicament in the pre-filled said cartridge is delivered 23. The interchangeable cartridge as claimed in claim 1 shaped to be received within a cartridge-receiving receptacle of a medicament injector. | 2,400 |
339,821 | 16,800,792 | 2,432 | Method handling uplink (UL) bearer split configuration in multi-connectivity system includes identifying first UL data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, transmitting first data of first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and transmitting second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period, identifying at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identifying at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period, determining a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter, and transmitting the second UL data to the primary and secondary RLC entities for a third time period based on the split factor. | 1. A method for handling an uplink (UL) bearer split configuration in a multi-connectivity system, the method comprising:
identifying, by a mobile terminal, first UL data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer; transmitting, by the mobile terminal, first data of the first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and transmitting second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period; identifying, by the mobile terminal, at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identifying at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period; determining, by the mobile terminal, a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter; and transmitting, by the mobile terminal, the second UL data to the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity for a third time period based on the split factor. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first time period comprises a same or a different time period as the second time period, and
wherein the third time period comprises a sum of the first time period and the second time period. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one first network parameter comprises at least one of a spectrum efficiency (SE) of the first UL path, a block error rate (BER) of the first UL path, buffer occupancy (BO) statistics related to the first UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the first UL path, a latency related to the first UL path, a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) data type on the first UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the first UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) related to the first UL path, and
wherein the at least one second network parameter comprises at least one of an SE of the second UL path, a BER of the second UL path, BO statistics related to the second UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the second UL path, a latency related to the second UL path, a PDCP PDU data type on the second UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the second UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and an SCS related to the second UL path. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one network parameter of the first UL path and the at least one network parameter of the second UL path are provided by at least one of a physical (PHY) layer and a medium access control (MAC) layer to the PDCP layer. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising calculating, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, a spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path, and
sharing, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, the spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path with the PDCP layer. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first UL data is greater than or equal to a UL data split threshold, and the second data is remaining data except the first data transmitted during the first time period from the first UL data. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the split factor based on a lookup table for determining a split ratio between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the split factor is performed irrespective of UL grant reception. 9. A mobile terminal for handling an uplink (UL) bearer split configuration, comprising:
a transceiver; at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the memory is configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to:
identify first UL data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer;
control the transceiver to transmit first data of the first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and to transmit second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period;
identify at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identify at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period;
determine a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter; and
control the transceiver to transmit the second UL data to the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity for a third time period based on the split factor. 10. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the first time period comprises a same or a different time period as the second time period, and
wherein the third time period comprises a sum of the first time period and the second time period. 11. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the at least one first network parameter comprises at least one of a spectrum efficiency (SE) of the first UL path, a block error rate (BER) of the first UL path, buffer occupancy (BO) statistics related to the first UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the first UL path, a latency related to the first UL path, a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) data type on the first UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the first UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) related to the first UL path, and
wherein the at least one second network parameter comprises at least one of an SE of the second UL path, a BER of the second UL path, BO statistics related to the second UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the second UL path, a latency related to the second UL path, a PDCP PDU data type on the second UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the second UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and an SCS related to the second UL path. 12. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the at least one network parameter of the first UL path and the at least one network parameter of the second UL path are provided by at least one of a physical (PHY) layer and a medium access control (MAC) layer to the PDCP layer. 13. The mobile terminal as claimed in claim 9, wherein the memory is further configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to calculate, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, a spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path, and
wherein share, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, the spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path with the PDCP layer. 14. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the first UL data is greater than or equal to a UL data split threshold, and the second data is remaining data except the first data transmitted during the first time period from the first UL data. 15. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the memory is further configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to determine the split factor based on a lookup table for determining a split ratio between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity. 16. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the memory is further configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to determine the split factor irrespective of UL grant reception. 17. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon which, when processed by at least one processor, cause a mobile terminal to perform a method comprising:
identifying first uplink (UL) data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer; transmitting first data of the first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and transmitting second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period; identifying at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identifying at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period; determining a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter; and transmitting the second UL data to the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity for a third time period based on the split factor. 18. The medium of claim 17, wherein the first time period comprises a same or a different time period as the second time period, and
wherein the third time period comprises a sum of the first time period and the second time period. 19. The medium of claim 17, wherein the first UL data is greater than or equal to a UL data split threshold, and the second data is remaining data except the first data transmitted during the first time period from the first UL data. 20. The medium of claim 17, wherein the at least one first network parameter comprises at least one of a spectrum efficiency (SE) of the first UL path, a block error rate (BER) of the first UL path, buffer occupancy (BO) statistics related to the first UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the first UL path, a latency related to the first UL path, a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) data type on the first UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the first UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) related to the first UL path, and
wherein the at least one second network parameter comprises at least one of an SE of the second UL path, a BER of the second UL path, BO statistics related to the second UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the second UL path, a latency related to the second UL path, a PDCP PDU data type on the second UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the second UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and an SCS related to the second UL path. | Method handling uplink (UL) bearer split configuration in multi-connectivity system includes identifying first UL data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, transmitting first data of first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and transmitting second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period, identifying at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identifying at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period, determining a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter, and transmitting the second UL data to the primary and secondary RLC entities for a third time period based on the split factor.1. A method for handling an uplink (UL) bearer split configuration in a multi-connectivity system, the method comprising:
identifying, by a mobile terminal, first UL data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer; transmitting, by the mobile terminal, first data of the first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and transmitting second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period; identifying, by the mobile terminal, at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identifying at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period; determining, by the mobile terminal, a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter; and transmitting, by the mobile terminal, the second UL data to the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity for a third time period based on the split factor. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first time period comprises a same or a different time period as the second time period, and
wherein the third time period comprises a sum of the first time period and the second time period. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one first network parameter comprises at least one of a spectrum efficiency (SE) of the first UL path, a block error rate (BER) of the first UL path, buffer occupancy (BO) statistics related to the first UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the first UL path, a latency related to the first UL path, a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) data type on the first UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the first UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) related to the first UL path, and
wherein the at least one second network parameter comprises at least one of an SE of the second UL path, a BER of the second UL path, BO statistics related to the second UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the second UL path, a latency related to the second UL path, a PDCP PDU data type on the second UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the second UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and an SCS related to the second UL path. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one network parameter of the first UL path and the at least one network parameter of the second UL path are provided by at least one of a physical (PHY) layer and a medium access control (MAC) layer to the PDCP layer. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising calculating, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, a spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path, and
sharing, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, the spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path with the PDCP layer. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first UL data is greater than or equal to a UL data split threshold, and the second data is remaining data except the first data transmitted during the first time period from the first UL data. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining the split factor based on a lookup table for determining a split ratio between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the split factor is performed irrespective of UL grant reception. 9. A mobile terminal for handling an uplink (UL) bearer split configuration, comprising:
a transceiver; at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the memory is configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to:
identify first UL data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer;
control the transceiver to transmit first data of the first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and to transmit second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period;
identify at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identify at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period;
determine a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter; and
control the transceiver to transmit the second UL data to the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity for a third time period based on the split factor. 10. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the first time period comprises a same or a different time period as the second time period, and
wherein the third time period comprises a sum of the first time period and the second time period. 11. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the at least one first network parameter comprises at least one of a spectrum efficiency (SE) of the first UL path, a block error rate (BER) of the first UL path, buffer occupancy (BO) statistics related to the first UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the first UL path, a latency related to the first UL path, a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) data type on the first UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the first UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) related to the first UL path, and
wherein the at least one second network parameter comprises at least one of an SE of the second UL path, a BER of the second UL path, BO statistics related to the second UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the second UL path, a latency related to the second UL path, a PDCP PDU data type on the second UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the second UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and an SCS related to the second UL path. 12. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the at least one network parameter of the first UL path and the at least one network parameter of the second UL path are provided by at least one of a physical (PHY) layer and a medium access control (MAC) layer to the PDCP layer. 13. The mobile terminal as claimed in claim 9, wherein the memory is further configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to calculate, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, a spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path, and
wherein share, by the at least one of the PHY layer and the MAC layer, the spectral efficiency for each of the first UL path and the second UL path with the PDCP layer. 14. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the first UL data is greater than or equal to a UL data split threshold, and the second data is remaining data except the first data transmitted during the first time period from the first UL data. 15. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the memory is further configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to determine the split factor based on a lookup table for determining a split ratio between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity. 16. The mobile terminal of claim 9, wherein the memory is further configured to store processor-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to determine the split factor irrespective of UL grant reception. 17. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon which, when processed by at least one processor, cause a mobile terminal to perform a method comprising:
identifying first uplink (UL) data of a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer; transmitting first data of the first UL data to a primary radio link control (RLC) entity for a first time period, and transmitting second data of the first UL data to a secondary RLC entity for a second time period; identifying at least one first network parameter of a first UL path associated with the primary RLC entity for the first time period, and identifying at least one second network parameter of a second UL path associated with the secondary RLC entity for the second time period; determining a split factor for splitting second UL data of the PDCP layer between the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity based on the at least one first network parameter and the at least one second network parameter; and transmitting the second UL data to the primary RLC entity and the secondary RLC entity for a third time period based on the split factor. 18. The medium of claim 17, wherein the first time period comprises a same or a different time period as the second time period, and
wherein the third time period comprises a sum of the first time period and the second time period. 19. The medium of claim 17, wherein the first UL data is greater than or equal to a UL data split threshold, and the second data is remaining data except the first data transmitted during the first time period from the first UL data. 20. The medium of claim 17, wherein the at least one first network parameter comprises at least one of a spectrum efficiency (SE) of the first UL path, a block error rate (BER) of the first UL path, buffer occupancy (BO) statistics related to the first UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the first UL path, a latency related to the first UL path, a PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) data type on the first UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the first UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) related to the first UL path, and
wherein the at least one second network parameter comprises at least one of an SE of the second UL path, a BER of the second UL path, BO statistics related to the second UL path, an amount of data arrival related to the second UL path, a latency related to the second UL path, a PDCP PDU data type on the second UL path, a number of uplink grants allocated for the second UL path, a scheduling rate related to the first UL path, and an SCS related to the second UL path. | 2,400 |
339,822 | 16,800,820 | 2,432 | A method is provided. The method includes one or more of establishing a card account for a consumer, determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer, determining, by the banking server, an available pool spending limit for a pool equal to a pool spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and a designated account, selecting, by a first user interface control, a portion of the pool to allocate to the card account, allocating the portion of the pool to the card account, approving one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit, and crediting, by an employer server, the primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response transferring an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday. | 1. A method comprising:
establishing a card account for a consumer: determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determining, by the banking server, an available pool spending limit for a pool equal to a pool spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and a designated account, the pool spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; selecting, by a first user interface control, a portion of the pool to allocate to the card account; allocating the portion of the pool to the card account; approving, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit comprising the allocated portion minus the purchase balance; crediting, by an employer server, the primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response:
transferring, by the banking server, an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday, the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; and
adjusting, by the banking server, the available pool spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
selecting, by a second user interface control, a portion of the pool to transfer to a designated account as the transfer balance. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period corresponding to the payday. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available pool spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
notifying the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receiving, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transferring the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 8. A system, comprising:
a network; a merchant device, coupled to the network, configured to perform one or more purchase transactions for a consumer using a card account; a secondary account, coupled to the network, comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; an employer server, coupled to the network, configured to:
credit a primary account with wage earnings for the consumer on a payday;
a banking server, coupled to the network, configured to:
calculate wage earnings for the consumer;
determine an available pool spending limit for the pool equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and the card account, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings;
approve the one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit comprising an allocated portion of the pool minus the purchase balance,
authorize a transfer of funds from the primary account to the secondary account; and
in response to the primary account credited with the wage earnings on the payday,
adjust, by the banking server, the available pool spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance between the pool and the card account, and the secondary account balance; and
a consumer device, coupled to the network, comprising:
a user interface comprising:
a first user interface control, configured to allow the consumer to select the portion of the pool to allocate to the card account. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the user interface comprises a second user interface control, configured to select a portion of the pool to transfer to a designated account as the transfer balance. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein in response to the employer server credits the primary account with the wage earnings on the payday, the banking server is further configured to:
transfer an amount comprising an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance of the card account from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card statement due date. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average consumer wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer, wherein the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period that corresponds to the payday. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the banking server is further configured to set a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available pool spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the banking server is further configured to:
notify the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receive, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium configured to store instructions that when executed cause a processor to:
establish a card account for a consumer: determine, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determine, by the banking server, an available pool spending limit for a pool equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and the card account, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; select, by a first user interface control, a portion of the pool to allocate to the card account; allocate the portion of the pool to the card account; approve, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit comprising the allocated portion minus the purchase balance; authorize, by the banking server, a transfer of funds from a primary account to a secondary account, the primary account storing the wage earnings and the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; credit, by an employer server, the primary account with the wage earnings on a payday; and in response to the primary account credited with the wage earnings on the payday,
adjust, by the banking server, the available pool spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance between the pool and the card account, and the secondary account balance. 16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the user interface comprises a second user interface control, configured to select a portion of the pool to transfer to a designated account as the transfer balance. 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
transfer an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date, wherein the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period that corresponds to the payday. 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the banking server is further configured to set a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available pool spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
notify the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receive, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date 21. A user interface, comprising:
a pool available to spend amount, comprising a pool spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of consumer wage earnings, the available to spend amount initially reflects an amount that may be spent on a credit card; a sliding payment selection control, configured to allow a consumer to select a portion of the pool available to spend amount to transfer to the designated account, the selected portion ranges from a minimum amount up to the pool available to spend amount, the sliding payment selection control reflects the minimum amount when the user interface is invoked; a transfer funds control, configured to authorize transfer of the selected portion to a banking server and reduce the available to spend amount by the selected portion. | A method is provided. The method includes one or more of establishing a card account for a consumer, determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer, determining, by the banking server, an available pool spending limit for a pool equal to a pool spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and a designated account, selecting, by a first user interface control, a portion of the pool to allocate to the card account, allocating the portion of the pool to the card account, approving one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit, and crediting, by an employer server, the primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response transferring an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday.1. A method comprising:
establishing a card account for a consumer: determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determining, by the banking server, an available pool spending limit for a pool equal to a pool spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and a designated account, the pool spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; selecting, by a first user interface control, a portion of the pool to allocate to the card account; allocating the portion of the pool to the card account; approving, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit comprising the allocated portion minus the purchase balance; crediting, by an employer server, the primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response:
transferring, by the banking server, an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday, the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; and
adjusting, by the banking server, the available pool spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
selecting, by a second user interface control, a portion of the pool to transfer to a designated account as the transfer balance. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period corresponding to the payday. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available pool spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
notifying the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receiving, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transferring the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 8. A system, comprising:
a network; a merchant device, coupled to the network, configured to perform one or more purchase transactions for a consumer using a card account; a secondary account, coupled to the network, comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; an employer server, coupled to the network, configured to:
credit a primary account with wage earnings for the consumer on a payday;
a banking server, coupled to the network, configured to:
calculate wage earnings for the consumer;
determine an available pool spending limit for the pool equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and the card account, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings;
approve the one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit comprising an allocated portion of the pool minus the purchase balance,
authorize a transfer of funds from the primary account to the secondary account; and
in response to the primary account credited with the wage earnings on the payday,
adjust, by the banking server, the available pool spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance between the pool and the card account, and the secondary account balance; and
a consumer device, coupled to the network, comprising:
a user interface comprising:
a first user interface control, configured to allow the consumer to select the portion of the pool to allocate to the card account. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the user interface comprises a second user interface control, configured to select a portion of the pool to transfer to a designated account as the transfer balance. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein in response to the employer server credits the primary account with the wage earnings on the payday, the banking server is further configured to:
transfer an amount comprising an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance of the card account from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card statement due date. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average consumer wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer, wherein the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period that corresponds to the payday. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the banking server is further configured to set a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available pool spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the banking server is further configured to:
notify the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receive, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium configured to store instructions that when executed cause a processor to:
establish a card account for a consumer: determine, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determine, by the banking server, an available pool spending limit for a pool equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance between the pool and the card account, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; select, by a first user interface control, a portion of the pool to allocate to the card account; allocate the portion of the pool to the card account; approve, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than a card account spending limit comprising the allocated portion minus the purchase balance; authorize, by the banking server, a transfer of funds from a primary account to a secondary account, the primary account storing the wage earnings and the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; credit, by an employer server, the primary account with the wage earnings on a payday; and in response to the primary account credited with the wage earnings on the payday,
adjust, by the banking server, the available pool spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance between the pool and the card account, and the secondary account balance. 16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the user interface comprises a second user interface control, configured to select a portion of the pool to transfer to a designated account as the transfer balance. 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:
transfer an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date, wherein the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period that corresponds to the payday. 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the banking server is further configured to set a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available pool spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
notify the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receive, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date 21. A user interface, comprising:
a pool available to spend amount, comprising a pool spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of consumer wage earnings, the available to spend amount initially reflects an amount that may be spent on a credit card; a sliding payment selection control, configured to allow a consumer to select a portion of the pool available to spend amount to transfer to the designated account, the selected portion ranges from a minimum amount up to the pool available to spend amount, the sliding payment selection control reflects the minimum amount when the user interface is invoked; a transfer funds control, configured to authorize transfer of the selected portion to a banking server and reduce the available to spend amount by the selected portion. | 2,400 |
339,823 | 16,800,796 | 2,432 | A bus bar unit related to one aspect includes: a first bus bar and a second bus bar. The first bus bar and the second bus bar are arranged side by side in a second direction orthogonal to a first direction as viewed from the first direction. The first bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction, a first straight line portion, a first inclined portion, and a first bent portion. The second bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction, a second straight line portion, a second inclined portion, and a second bent portion. In an end surface on a second bus bar side of the first bent portion, a distance between the first bent portion and the second inclined portion is longer than a distance between the first bent portion and the second straight line portion. | 1. A bus bar unit comprising:
a first bus bar and a second bus bar that have a flat plate shape, wherein the first bus bar and the second bus bar are arranged side by side in a second direction orthogonal to a first direction as viewed from the first direction, wherein the first bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction,
a first straight line portion extending linearly in a third direction orthogonal to the second direction,
a first inclined portion extending linearly on a side opposite to a side where the second bus bar is arranged in the second direction with respect to the first straight line portion, as a distance from the first straight line portion increases in the third direction, and
a first bent portion connecting the first straight line portion and the first inclined portion,
wherein the second bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction,
a second straight line portion arranged on the same plane as the first straight line portion and extending linearly substantially parallel to the first straight line portion,
a second inclined portion arranged on the same plane as the first inclined portion and extending linearly substantially parallel to the first inclined portion, and
a second bent portion arranged on the same plane as the first bent portion and connecting the second straight line portion and the second inclined portion, and
wherein in an end surface on a second bus bar side of the first bent portion, a distance between the first bent portion and the second inclined portion is longer than a distance between the first bent portion and the second straight line portion. 2. The bus bar unit according to claim 1,
wherein the first bus bar includes a first direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a second direction extending portion extending in the second direction, and wherein the second bus bar includes a third direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a fourth direction extending portion extending in the second direction. 3. The bus bar unit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a third bus bar having a flat plate shape, wherein the third bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction,
a third straight line portion arranged on the same plane as the first straight line portion and the second straight line portion, and extending linearly substantially parallel to the second straight line portion,
a third inclined portion arranged on the same plane as the first straight line portion and the second straight line portion, and extending linearly substantially parallel to the second inclined portion, and
a third bent portion arranged on the same plane as the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and connecting the third straight line portion and the third inclined portion, and
wherein in an end surface of the second bent portion on a third bus bar side, a distance between the second bent portion and the third inclined portion is longer than a distance between the first bent portion and the second straight line portion. 4. The bus bar unit according to claim 3,
wherein the first bus bar includes a first direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a second direction extending portion extending in the second direction, wherein the second bus bar includes a third direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a fourth direction extending portion extending in the second direction, and wherein the third bus bar includes a fifth direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a sixth direction extending portion extending in the second direction. | A bus bar unit related to one aspect includes: a first bus bar and a second bus bar. The first bus bar and the second bus bar are arranged side by side in a second direction orthogonal to a first direction as viewed from the first direction. The first bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction, a first straight line portion, a first inclined portion, and a first bent portion. The second bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction, a second straight line portion, a second inclined portion, and a second bent portion. In an end surface on a second bus bar side of the first bent portion, a distance between the first bent portion and the second inclined portion is longer than a distance between the first bent portion and the second straight line portion.1. A bus bar unit comprising:
a first bus bar and a second bus bar that have a flat plate shape, wherein the first bus bar and the second bus bar are arranged side by side in a second direction orthogonal to a first direction as viewed from the first direction, wherein the first bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction,
a first straight line portion extending linearly in a third direction orthogonal to the second direction,
a first inclined portion extending linearly on a side opposite to a side where the second bus bar is arranged in the second direction with respect to the first straight line portion, as a distance from the first straight line portion increases in the third direction, and
a first bent portion connecting the first straight line portion and the first inclined portion,
wherein the second bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction,
a second straight line portion arranged on the same plane as the first straight line portion and extending linearly substantially parallel to the first straight line portion,
a second inclined portion arranged on the same plane as the first inclined portion and extending linearly substantially parallel to the first inclined portion, and
a second bent portion arranged on the same plane as the first bent portion and connecting the second straight line portion and the second inclined portion, and
wherein in an end surface on a second bus bar side of the first bent portion, a distance between the first bent portion and the second inclined portion is longer than a distance between the first bent portion and the second straight line portion. 2. The bus bar unit according to claim 1,
wherein the first bus bar includes a first direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a second direction extending portion extending in the second direction, and wherein the second bus bar includes a third direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a fourth direction extending portion extending in the second direction. 3. The bus bar unit according to claim 1, further comprising:
a third bus bar having a flat plate shape, wherein the third bus bar includes, as viewed from the first direction,
a third straight line portion arranged on the same plane as the first straight line portion and the second straight line portion, and extending linearly substantially parallel to the second straight line portion,
a third inclined portion arranged on the same plane as the first straight line portion and the second straight line portion, and extending linearly substantially parallel to the second inclined portion, and
a third bent portion arranged on the same plane as the first bent portion and the second bent portion, and connecting the third straight line portion and the third inclined portion, and
wherein in an end surface of the second bent portion on a third bus bar side, a distance between the second bent portion and the third inclined portion is longer than a distance between the first bent portion and the second straight line portion. 4. The bus bar unit according to claim 3,
wherein the first bus bar includes a first direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a second direction extending portion extending in the second direction, wherein the second bus bar includes a third direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a fourth direction extending portion extending in the second direction, and wherein the third bus bar includes a fifth direction extending portion extending in the first direction, and a sixth direction extending portion extending in the second direction. | 2,400 |
339,824 | 16,800,758 | 2,432 | A method for manufacturing a nanowire includes providing a sacrificial substrate, providing a patterned mask layer on the sacrificial substrate, providing a nanowire on the sacrificial substrate through an opening in the patterned mask layer, and removing the sacrificial substrate. Because the sacrificial substrate is used for growing the nanowire and later removed, the material of the sacrificial substrate can be chosen to be lattice matched with the material of the nanowire without regard to the electrical properties thereof. Accordingly, a high-quality nanowire can be grown and operated without the degradation in performance normally experienced when using a lattice matched substrate. | 1. A method for manufacturing a nanowire comprising:
providing a sacrificial substrate; providing a patterned mask layer on the sacrificial substrate; providing the nanowire on the sacrificial substrate through an opening in the patterned mask layer; and removing the sacrificial substrate. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein providing the nanowire on the sacrificial substrate comprises growing one or more nanowire layers via a selective area growth process. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the one or more nanowire layers comprise one or more of indium arsenide, indium antimonide, and indium arsenide antimonide. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the sacrificial substrate is lattice matched with the one or more nanowire layers. 5. The method of claim 3 wherein the sacrificial substrate comprises one of indium arsenide, gallium arsenide, and indium antimonide. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein removing the sacrificial substrate comprises:
providing a support structure on the nanowire; and
mechanically removing the sacrificial substrate. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein providing the support structure comprises providing a dielectric layer over the nanowire and the patterned mask layer. 8. The method of claim 6 further comprising providing a superconductor layer on a top side the nanowire before removing the sacrificial substrate. 9. The method claim 8 further comprising providing an additional superconductor layer on a bottom side of the nanowire after removing the sacrificial substrate. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the superconductor layer and the additional superconductor layer comprise one or more of aluminum, lead, niobium, indium, tin and vanadium. 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a sacrificial layer between the nanowire and the sacrificial substrate. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the sacrificial layer is a blanket layer over the sacrificial substrate. 13. The method of claim 11 wherein removing the sacrificial substrate comprises:
providing a support structure on the nanowire; and
selectively etching the sacrificial layer. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the sacrificial layer comprises one of aluminum antimonide, aluminum arsenide, and aluminum gallium arsenide. 15. The method of claim 13 wherein providing the nanowire on the sacrificial layer comprises growing one or more nanowire layers via a selective area growth process. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the one or more nanowire layers comprise one or more of indium arsenide, indium antimonide, and indium arsenide antimonide. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the sacrificial substrate is lattice matched with the one or more nanowire layers. 18. The method of claim 16 wherein the sacrificial substrate comprises one of indium arsenide, indium antimonide, and gallium antimonide. 19. The method claim 13 further comprising providing an additional superconductor layer on a bottom side of the nanowire after removing the sacrificial substrate. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the superconductor layer and the additional superconductor layer comprise one or more of aluminum, lead, niobium, indium, tin and vanadium. | A method for manufacturing a nanowire includes providing a sacrificial substrate, providing a patterned mask layer on the sacrificial substrate, providing a nanowire on the sacrificial substrate through an opening in the patterned mask layer, and removing the sacrificial substrate. Because the sacrificial substrate is used for growing the nanowire and later removed, the material of the sacrificial substrate can be chosen to be lattice matched with the material of the nanowire without regard to the electrical properties thereof. Accordingly, a high-quality nanowire can be grown and operated without the degradation in performance normally experienced when using a lattice matched substrate.1. A method for manufacturing a nanowire comprising:
providing a sacrificial substrate; providing a patterned mask layer on the sacrificial substrate; providing the nanowire on the sacrificial substrate through an opening in the patterned mask layer; and removing the sacrificial substrate. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein providing the nanowire on the sacrificial substrate comprises growing one or more nanowire layers via a selective area growth process. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the one or more nanowire layers comprise one or more of indium arsenide, indium antimonide, and indium arsenide antimonide. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the sacrificial substrate is lattice matched with the one or more nanowire layers. 5. The method of claim 3 wherein the sacrificial substrate comprises one of indium arsenide, gallium arsenide, and indium antimonide. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein removing the sacrificial substrate comprises:
providing a support structure on the nanowire; and
mechanically removing the sacrificial substrate. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein providing the support structure comprises providing a dielectric layer over the nanowire and the patterned mask layer. 8. The method of claim 6 further comprising providing a superconductor layer on a top side the nanowire before removing the sacrificial substrate. 9. The method claim 8 further comprising providing an additional superconductor layer on a bottom side of the nanowire after removing the sacrificial substrate. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the superconductor layer and the additional superconductor layer comprise one or more of aluminum, lead, niobium, indium, tin and vanadium. 11. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing a sacrificial layer between the nanowire and the sacrificial substrate. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the sacrificial layer is a blanket layer over the sacrificial substrate. 13. The method of claim 11 wherein removing the sacrificial substrate comprises:
providing a support structure on the nanowire; and
selectively etching the sacrificial layer. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the sacrificial layer comprises one of aluminum antimonide, aluminum arsenide, and aluminum gallium arsenide. 15. The method of claim 13 wherein providing the nanowire on the sacrificial layer comprises growing one or more nanowire layers via a selective area growth process. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the one or more nanowire layers comprise one or more of indium arsenide, indium antimonide, and indium arsenide antimonide. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the sacrificial substrate is lattice matched with the one or more nanowire layers. 18. The method of claim 16 wherein the sacrificial substrate comprises one of indium arsenide, indium antimonide, and gallium antimonide. 19. The method claim 13 further comprising providing an additional superconductor layer on a bottom side of the nanowire after removing the sacrificial substrate. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the superconductor layer and the additional superconductor layer comprise one or more of aluminum, lead, niobium, indium, tin and vanadium. | 2,400 |
339,825 | 16,800,749 | 2,432 | A method for monitoring a location performed by one or more processors comprises receiving signals from a smoke sensor; determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; determining a time window based on at least one said determined one or more minutiae; characterizing one or more smoke or fire types in the determined time window based on one or more of said determined one or more minutiae; dynamically determining one or more alarm levels based on the characterized one or more smoke or fire types; evaluating at least one minutiae in the determined time window using the determined one or more alarm levels; and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined. | 1. A detection circuit embodied in one or more processors for monitoring a location, the detection circuit comprising:
a minutiae computer module configured for receiving signals from a smoke sensor and determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; a ripple detector start/reset timer module configured for receiving at least one of the determined one or more minutiae and determining at least a start time for evaluating one or more of the one or more minutiae; a scheduler/minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module configured for evaluating the one or more of the determined one or more minutiae and characterizing the one or more of the one or more minutiae according to one or more smoke or fire types; a fire type and alarm level selector configured for setting one or more alarm levels based on the characterized one or more smoke or fire types; and an alarm level detector for evaluating at least one minutiae using the set one or more alarm levels and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined. 2. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the one or more minutiae comprises one or more of signal amplitude, signal velocity, signal acceleration, average signal amplitude, average signal velocity, or average signal acceleration. 3. The detection circuit of claim 2, wherein the signal amplitude comprises one or more of absolute signal amplitude or an amplitude differential; and wherein the signal velocity and signal acceleration are determined from the signal amplitude. 4. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the evaluating the one or more minutiae by the scheduler/minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module comprises comparing the one or more of the one or more minutiae to one or more parameters corresponding to characteristics of the one or more smoke or fire types. 5. A smoke device comprising:
the detection circuit of claim 1; the smoke sensor in communication with the minutiae computer module; and an alarm in communication with the alarm level detector. 6. The smoke device of claim 5, wherein the detection circuit, the smoke sensor, and the alarm are disposed in a housing. 7. The smoke device of claim 6, wherein the smoke device is a smoke detector or a smoke alarm. 8. The smoke device of claim 6, wherein the smoke device is a fire panel. 9. A method for monitoring a location comprising:
receiving signals from a smoke sensor and determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; receiving the determined one or more minutiae and determining at least a start time for evaluating one or more of the one or more minutiae based on some or all of said determined one or more minutiae; evaluating the one or more of the one or more minutiae and characterizing the one or more minutiae according to one or more smoke or fire types; dynamically setting one or more alarm levels based on the characterized one or more smoke or fire types; and evaluating at least one minutiae using the set one or more alarm levels and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more minutiae comprises one or more of signal amplitude, signal velocity, signal acceleration, average signal amplitude, average signal velocity, or average signal acceleration. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the signal amplitude comprises one or more of absolute signal amplitude or an amplitude differential; and wherein the signal velocity and signal acceleration are determined from the signal amplitude. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the evaluating the one or more minutiae by the scheduler/minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module comprises comparing the one or more of the one or more minutiae to one or more parameters corresponding to characteristics of the one or more smoke or fire types. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
activating an alarm in response to the output alarm signal. 14. A detection circuit embodied in one or more processors for monitoring a location, the detection circuit comprising:
a minutiae computer module configured for receiving signals from multiple smoke sensors and determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; a minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module configured for evaluating the one or more of the determined one or more minutiae and distinguishing the one or more of the one or more minutiae as corresponding to either a slow progressing fire type or at least one fire type other than a slow progressing fire type; a fire type and alarm level selector configured for setting one or more alarm levels based on the distinguished slow progressing fire type or the at least one fire type other than the slow progressing fire type; and an alarm level detector for evaluating at least one minutiae using the set one or more alarm levels and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined. 15. The detection circuit of claim 14, wherein the one or more minutiae comprises one or more of signal amplitude, signal velocity, signal acceleration, average signal amplitude, average signal velocity, or average signal acceleration. 16. The detection circuit of claim 14, wherein the evaluating the one or more minutiae by the minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module comprises comparing the one or more of the one or more minutiae to one or more parameters corresponding to characteristics of the progressing fire type or the at least one fire type other than the slow progressing fire type. 17. A smoke device comprising:
the detection circuit of claim 14; the multiple smoke sensors in communication with the minutiae computer module; and an alarm in communication with the alarm level detector. 18. The smoke device of claim 17, wherein the multiple smoke sensors comprise at least one sensor selected and/or configured to detect smoldering fire, and at least one or more sensors selected and/or configured to detect fast flaming fire. 19. The smoke device of claim 18, wherein the multiple smoke sensors comprise an infrared photoelectric sensor and/or a carbon monoxide (CO) sensor. 20. A monitoring system comprising:
a plurality of smoke devices according to claim 17. | A method for monitoring a location performed by one or more processors comprises receiving signals from a smoke sensor; determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; determining a time window based on at least one said determined one or more minutiae; characterizing one or more smoke or fire types in the determined time window based on one or more of said determined one or more minutiae; dynamically determining one or more alarm levels based on the characterized one or more smoke or fire types; evaluating at least one minutiae in the determined time window using the determined one or more alarm levels; and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined.1. A detection circuit embodied in one or more processors for monitoring a location, the detection circuit comprising:
a minutiae computer module configured for receiving signals from a smoke sensor and determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; a ripple detector start/reset timer module configured for receiving at least one of the determined one or more minutiae and determining at least a start time for evaluating one or more of the one or more minutiae; a scheduler/minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module configured for evaluating the one or more of the determined one or more minutiae and characterizing the one or more of the one or more minutiae according to one or more smoke or fire types; a fire type and alarm level selector configured for setting one or more alarm levels based on the characterized one or more smoke or fire types; and an alarm level detector for evaluating at least one minutiae using the set one or more alarm levels and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined. 2. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the one or more minutiae comprises one or more of signal amplitude, signal velocity, signal acceleration, average signal amplitude, average signal velocity, or average signal acceleration. 3. The detection circuit of claim 2, wherein the signal amplitude comprises one or more of absolute signal amplitude or an amplitude differential; and wherein the signal velocity and signal acceleration are determined from the signal amplitude. 4. The detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the evaluating the one or more minutiae by the scheduler/minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module comprises comparing the one or more of the one or more minutiae to one or more parameters corresponding to characteristics of the one or more smoke or fire types. 5. A smoke device comprising:
the detection circuit of claim 1; the smoke sensor in communication with the minutiae computer module; and an alarm in communication with the alarm level detector. 6. The smoke device of claim 5, wherein the detection circuit, the smoke sensor, and the alarm are disposed in a housing. 7. The smoke device of claim 6, wherein the smoke device is a smoke detector or a smoke alarm. 8. The smoke device of claim 6, wherein the smoke device is a fire panel. 9. A method for monitoring a location comprising:
receiving signals from a smoke sensor and determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; receiving the determined one or more minutiae and determining at least a start time for evaluating one or more of the one or more minutiae based on some or all of said determined one or more minutiae; evaluating the one or more of the one or more minutiae and characterizing the one or more minutiae according to one or more smoke or fire types; dynamically setting one or more alarm levels based on the characterized one or more smoke or fire types; and evaluating at least one minutiae using the set one or more alarm levels and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the one or more minutiae comprises one or more of signal amplitude, signal velocity, signal acceleration, average signal amplitude, average signal velocity, or average signal acceleration. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the signal amplitude comprises one or more of absolute signal amplitude or an amplitude differential; and wherein the signal velocity and signal acceleration are determined from the signal amplitude. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the evaluating the one or more minutiae by the scheduler/minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module comprises comparing the one or more of the one or more minutiae to one or more parameters corresponding to characteristics of the one or more smoke or fire types. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
activating an alarm in response to the output alarm signal. 14. A detection circuit embodied in one or more processors for monitoring a location, the detection circuit comprising:
a minutiae computer module configured for receiving signals from multiple smoke sensors and determining one or more minutiae from the received signals; a minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module configured for evaluating the one or more of the determined one or more minutiae and distinguishing the one or more of the one or more minutiae as corresponding to either a slow progressing fire type or at least one fire type other than a slow progressing fire type; a fire type and alarm level selector configured for setting one or more alarm levels based on the distinguished slow progressing fire type or the at least one fire type other than the slow progressing fire type; and an alarm level detector for evaluating at least one minutiae using the set one or more alarm levels and outputting an alarm signal if an alarm condition is determined. 15. The detection circuit of claim 14, wherein the one or more minutiae comprises one or more of signal amplitude, signal velocity, signal acceleration, average signal amplitude, average signal velocity, or average signal acceleration. 16. The detection circuit of claim 14, wherein the evaluating the one or more minutiae by the minutia analyzer and fire type probability analyzer module comprises comparing the one or more of the one or more minutiae to one or more parameters corresponding to characteristics of the progressing fire type or the at least one fire type other than the slow progressing fire type. 17. A smoke device comprising:
the detection circuit of claim 14; the multiple smoke sensors in communication with the minutiae computer module; and an alarm in communication with the alarm level detector. 18. The smoke device of claim 17, wherein the multiple smoke sensors comprise at least one sensor selected and/or configured to detect smoldering fire, and at least one or more sensors selected and/or configured to detect fast flaming fire. 19. The smoke device of claim 18, wherein the multiple smoke sensors comprise an infrared photoelectric sensor and/or a carbon monoxide (CO) sensor. 20. A monitoring system comprising:
a plurality of smoke devices according to claim 17. | 2,400 |
339,826 | 16,800,794 | 3,673 | A disposable base cover includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom. The first portion also includes a side edge with a first fastening feature. The second portion includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom. The second portion also includes an equipment zone that provides visual indicia of equipment zone bounds. The second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature. The disposable base cover is configured for engagement with a base of a surgical table having rollers to provide mobility to the surgical table. | 1. A disposable base cover comprising:
a first portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom, wherein the first portion includes a side edge with a first fastening feature; and a second portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom, the second portion including an equipment zone that provides visual indicia of equipment zone bounds, wherein the second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature, and wherein said disposable base cover is configured for engagement with a base of a surgical table. 2. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first fastening feature includes an adhesive. 3. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature is a magnetic fastening feature. 4. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature include a hook and fastener arrangement. 5. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first portion and the second portion include a stretchable material. 6. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first portion includes extensions configured to extend over rollers coupled with the base of the surgical table. 7. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first portion is attachable to the second portion, and wherein the first portion and the second portion, when attached, define a central opening through which a table pedestal extends. 8. The disposable base cover of claim 7, further comprising:
a cinch tie that extends through a cinch channel disposed at the central opening. 9. The disposable base cover of claim 8, wherein the cinch tie is constructed of a stretchable material. 10. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature are disposed on only one side of a table pedestal. 11. The disposable base cover of claim 6, wherein the peripheral side wall of the first portion and the peripheral side wall of the second portion are configured to at least partially cover the rollers coupled with the base. 12. A disposable base cover comprising:
a first portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom, wherein the first portion includes a side edge with a first fastening feature; a second portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom, the second portion including an equipment zone on the top wall that provides visual indicia of a boundary of the equipment zone, wherein the second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature; and a third portion generally defining a sleeve removably coupled with the first portion and the second portion and defining an open column configured to receive a table pedestal of a surgical table. 13. The disposable base cover of claim 12, wherein the first portion includes extensions configured to extend over rollers coupled with the base of the surgical table. 14. The disposable base cover of claim 12, wherein at least one of the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature is a magnetic fastening feature. 15. The disposable base cover of claim 12, further comprising:
a cinch tie that extends through a cinch channel disposed at the open column. 16. A disposable base cover comprising:
a first portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom, wherein the first portion includes a side edge with a first fastening feature; a second portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom, the second portion including an equipment zone on the top wall that provides visual indicia of a boundary of the equipment zone, wherein the second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature, and wherein the first portion and the second portion include an absorbent material disposed on a first side thereof and an impermeable material disposed on a second side thereof; and a third portion generally defining a sleeve removably coupled with the first portion and the second portion and defining an open column configured to receive a table pedestal of a surgical table. 17. The disposable base cover of claim 16, further comprising:
a collar extending vertically about the table pedestal of the surgical table to protect the surgical table from splash or splatter of fluids. 18. The disposable base cover of claim 17, wherein the collar is integral with the first portion and the second portion and is configured to engage the sleeve. 19. The disposable base cover of claim 16, further comprising:
at least one of a plurality of hook and loop type fastening features, magnetic fastening features, or adhesive fastening features. 20. The disposable base cover of claim 16, wherein the visual indicia that defines the equipment zone includes a raised surface that extends above a planar extent of the equipment zone. | A disposable base cover includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom. The first portion also includes a side edge with a first fastening feature. The second portion includes a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom. The second portion also includes an equipment zone that provides visual indicia of equipment zone bounds. The second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature. The disposable base cover is configured for engagement with a base of a surgical table having rollers to provide mobility to the surgical table.1. A disposable base cover comprising:
a first portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom, wherein the first portion includes a side edge with a first fastening feature; and a second portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom, the second portion including an equipment zone that provides visual indicia of equipment zone bounds, wherein the second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature, and wherein said disposable base cover is configured for engagement with a base of a surgical table. 2. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first fastening feature includes an adhesive. 3. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature is a magnetic fastening feature. 4. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature include a hook and fastener arrangement. 5. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first portion and the second portion include a stretchable material. 6. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first portion includes extensions configured to extend over rollers coupled with the base of the surgical table. 7. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first portion is attachable to the second portion, and wherein the first portion and the second portion, when attached, define a central opening through which a table pedestal extends. 8. The disposable base cover of claim 7, further comprising:
a cinch tie that extends through a cinch channel disposed at the central opening. 9. The disposable base cover of claim 8, wherein the cinch tie is constructed of a stretchable material. 10. The disposable base cover of claim 1, wherein the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature are disposed on only one side of a table pedestal. 11. The disposable base cover of claim 6, wherein the peripheral side wall of the first portion and the peripheral side wall of the second portion are configured to at least partially cover the rollers coupled with the base. 12. A disposable base cover comprising:
a first portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom, wherein the first portion includes a side edge with a first fastening feature; a second portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom, the second portion including an equipment zone on the top wall that provides visual indicia of a boundary of the equipment zone, wherein the second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature; and a third portion generally defining a sleeve removably coupled with the first portion and the second portion and defining an open column configured to receive a table pedestal of a surgical table. 13. The disposable base cover of claim 12, wherein the first portion includes extensions configured to extend over rollers coupled with the base of the surgical table. 14. The disposable base cover of claim 12, wherein at least one of the first fastening feature and the second fastening feature is a magnetic fastening feature. 15. The disposable base cover of claim 12, further comprising:
a cinch tie that extends through a cinch channel disposed at the open column. 16. A disposable base cover comprising:
a first portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending orthogonally therefrom, wherein the first portion includes a side edge with a first fastening feature; a second portion including a top wall and a peripheral side wall extending generally orthogonally therefrom, the second portion including an equipment zone on the top wall that provides visual indicia of a boundary of the equipment zone, wherein the second portion includes a side edge with a second fastening feature that is complementary to the first fastening feature, and wherein the first portion and the second portion include an absorbent material disposed on a first side thereof and an impermeable material disposed on a second side thereof; and a third portion generally defining a sleeve removably coupled with the first portion and the second portion and defining an open column configured to receive a table pedestal of a surgical table. 17. The disposable base cover of claim 16, further comprising:
a collar extending vertically about the table pedestal of the surgical table to protect the surgical table from splash or splatter of fluids. 18. The disposable base cover of claim 17, wherein the collar is integral with the first portion and the second portion and is configured to engage the sleeve. 19. The disposable base cover of claim 16, further comprising:
at least one of a plurality of hook and loop type fastening features, magnetic fastening features, or adhesive fastening features. 20. The disposable base cover of claim 16, wherein the visual indicia that defines the equipment zone includes a raised surface that extends above a planar extent of the equipment zone. | 3,600 |
339,827 | 16,800,797 | 3,673 | A data capture system includes: a first capture node including: a first set of image sensors, and a first computing device connected with the first set of image sensors and configured to: control the first set of image sensors to capture respective images of an object within a capture volume; generate a first point cloud based on the images; and transmit the first point cloud to a data capture server for dimensioning of the object; and a second capture node including: a second set of image sensors, and a second computing device connected with the second set of image sensors and configured to: control the second set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object; generate a second point cloud based on the images; and transmit the second point cloud to the data capture server. | 1. A data capture system, comprising:
a first capture node including:
a first set of image sensors, and
a first computing device connected with the first set of image sensors and configured to:
control the first set of image sensors to capture respective images of an object within a capture volume;
generate a first point cloud based on the images; and
transmit the first point cloud to a data capture server for dimensioning of the object; and
a second capture node including:
a second set of image sensors, and
a second computing device connected with the second set of image sensors and configured to:
control the second set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object;
generate a second point cloud based on the images; and
transmit the second point cloud to the data capture server. 2. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the second computing device is configured to control the second set of image sensors simultaneously with control of the first set of image sensors by the first computing device. 3. The data capture system of claim 1, further comprising:
a first housing supporting the first set of image sensors and the first computing device; and a second housing supporting the second set of image sensors and the second computing device. 4. The data capture system of claim 3, wherein the first and second housings are substantially cylindrical. 5. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the first capture node is disposed at a first position adjacent to the capture volume, and wherein the second capture node is disposed at a second position adjacent to the capture volume. 6. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the first capture node further comprises:
a projector controllable by the first computing device to project a structured light pattern onto the object simultaneously with control of the first set of image sensors. 7. The data capture system of claim 3, wherein the first capture node further comprises:
an indicator light supported by the first housing, the indicator light controllable by the first computing device to generate a notification. 8. The data capture system of claim 3, further comprising:
a first conduit extending from the first housing to carry cooling fluid from a cooling fluid source. 9. The data capture system of claim 8, wherein the first conduit carries communication lines connected to the first computing device. 10. The data capture system of claim 1, further comprising:
a third capture node including:
a third set of image sensors, and
a third computing device connected with the third set of image sensors and configured to:
control the third set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object;
generate a third point cloud based on the images; and
transmit the third point cloud to the data capture server. 11. A method of data capture, comprising:
determining whether to perform a calibration check for a set of image sensors; when the determination is affirmative, controlling a projector to illuminate a capture volume with virtual fiducial markers; controlling each of a set of image sensors, simultaneously with the illumination, to capture respective images of the capture volume; and determining whether detected positions of the virtual fiducial markers based on the images match expected positions of the virtual fiducial markers; and validating a calibration of the set of image sensors when the determination is affirmative. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining whether to perform the calibration check includes determining whether a predefined interval has elapsed. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein determining whether the detected positions match the expected positions includes, for each detected position:
determining a distance between the detected position and the expected position; and determining whether the distance exceeds a validation threshold. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
controlling the projector to illuminate the capture volume with further fiducial markers; controlling the image sensors to capture a set of images of the capture volume; detecting the further fiducial markers in the images; substituting the further fiducial markers in the images with reference markers to generate modified images; and generating a point cloud based on the modified images. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
selecting a noise reduction operation; and applying the noise reduction operation to the point cloud. 16. A computing device, comprising:
a memory storing calibration data defining relative positions of a set of image sensors; and a processor configured to:
determine whether to perform a calibration check for a set of image sensors;
when the determination is affirmative, control a projector to illuminate a capture volume with virtual fiducial markers;
control each of a set of image sensors, simultaneously with the illumination, to capture respective images of the capture volume; and
determine whether detected positions of the virtual fiducial markers based on the images match expected positions of the virtual fiducial markers; and
validate a calibration of the set of image sensors when the determination is affirmative. 17. The computing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to determine whether to perform the calibration check, to determine whether a predefined interval has elapsed. 18. The computing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to determine whether the detected positions match the expected positions, for each detected position, to:
determine a distance between the detected position and the expected position; and determine whether the distance exceeds a validation threshold. 19. The computing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to:
control the projector to illuminate the capture volume with further fiducial markers; control the image sensors to capture a set of images of the capture volume; detect the further fiducial markers in the images; substitute the further fiducial markers in the images with reference markers to generate modified images; and generate a point cloud based on the modified images. 20. The computing device of claim 19, wherein the processor is further configured to:
select a noise reduction operation; and apply the noise reduction operation to the point cloud. | A data capture system includes: a first capture node including: a first set of image sensors, and a first computing device connected with the first set of image sensors and configured to: control the first set of image sensors to capture respective images of an object within a capture volume; generate a first point cloud based on the images; and transmit the first point cloud to a data capture server for dimensioning of the object; and a second capture node including: a second set of image sensors, and a second computing device connected with the second set of image sensors and configured to: control the second set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object; generate a second point cloud based on the images; and transmit the second point cloud to the data capture server.1. A data capture system, comprising:
a first capture node including:
a first set of image sensors, and
a first computing device connected with the first set of image sensors and configured to:
control the first set of image sensors to capture respective images of an object within a capture volume;
generate a first point cloud based on the images; and
transmit the first point cloud to a data capture server for dimensioning of the object; and
a second capture node including:
a second set of image sensors, and
a second computing device connected with the second set of image sensors and configured to:
control the second set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object;
generate a second point cloud based on the images; and
transmit the second point cloud to the data capture server. 2. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the second computing device is configured to control the second set of image sensors simultaneously with control of the first set of image sensors by the first computing device. 3. The data capture system of claim 1, further comprising:
a first housing supporting the first set of image sensors and the first computing device; and a second housing supporting the second set of image sensors and the second computing device. 4. The data capture system of claim 3, wherein the first and second housings are substantially cylindrical. 5. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the first capture node is disposed at a first position adjacent to the capture volume, and wherein the second capture node is disposed at a second position adjacent to the capture volume. 6. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the first capture node further comprises:
a projector controllable by the first computing device to project a structured light pattern onto the object simultaneously with control of the first set of image sensors. 7. The data capture system of claim 3, wherein the first capture node further comprises:
an indicator light supported by the first housing, the indicator light controllable by the first computing device to generate a notification. 8. The data capture system of claim 3, further comprising:
a first conduit extending from the first housing to carry cooling fluid from a cooling fluid source. 9. The data capture system of claim 8, wherein the first conduit carries communication lines connected to the first computing device. 10. The data capture system of claim 1, further comprising:
a third capture node including:
a third set of image sensors, and
a third computing device connected with the third set of image sensors and configured to:
control the third set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object;
generate a third point cloud based on the images; and
transmit the third point cloud to the data capture server. 11. A method of data capture, comprising:
determining whether to perform a calibration check for a set of image sensors; when the determination is affirmative, controlling a projector to illuminate a capture volume with virtual fiducial markers; controlling each of a set of image sensors, simultaneously with the illumination, to capture respective images of the capture volume; and determining whether detected positions of the virtual fiducial markers based on the images match expected positions of the virtual fiducial markers; and validating a calibration of the set of image sensors when the determination is affirmative. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein determining whether to perform the calibration check includes determining whether a predefined interval has elapsed. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein determining whether the detected positions match the expected positions includes, for each detected position:
determining a distance between the detected position and the expected position; and determining whether the distance exceeds a validation threshold. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
controlling the projector to illuminate the capture volume with further fiducial markers; controlling the image sensors to capture a set of images of the capture volume; detecting the further fiducial markers in the images; substituting the further fiducial markers in the images with reference markers to generate modified images; and generating a point cloud based on the modified images. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
selecting a noise reduction operation; and applying the noise reduction operation to the point cloud. 16. A computing device, comprising:
a memory storing calibration data defining relative positions of a set of image sensors; and a processor configured to:
determine whether to perform a calibration check for a set of image sensors;
when the determination is affirmative, control a projector to illuminate a capture volume with virtual fiducial markers;
control each of a set of image sensors, simultaneously with the illumination, to capture respective images of the capture volume; and
determine whether detected positions of the virtual fiducial markers based on the images match expected positions of the virtual fiducial markers; and
validate a calibration of the set of image sensors when the determination is affirmative. 17. The computing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to determine whether to perform the calibration check, to determine whether a predefined interval has elapsed. 18. The computing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to determine whether the detected positions match the expected positions, for each detected position, to:
determine a distance between the detected position and the expected position; and determine whether the distance exceeds a validation threshold. 19. The computing device of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to:
control the projector to illuminate the capture volume with further fiducial markers; control the image sensors to capture a set of images of the capture volume; detect the further fiducial markers in the images; substitute the further fiducial markers in the images with reference markers to generate modified images; and generate a point cloud based on the modified images. 20. The computing device of claim 19, wherein the processor is further configured to:
select a noise reduction operation; and apply the noise reduction operation to the point cloud. | 3,600 |
339,828 | 16,800,805 | 3,673 | A server includes: a memory storing calibration data; and a processor connected with the memory, the processor configured to: obtain a point cloud depicting a capture volume containing a transporter having a body and a holder carrying an object to be dimensioned; obtain a set of positions associated with the transporter; based on the set of positions and the calibration data, select a first portion of the point cloud excluding the body of the transporter and a mast of the holder; based on the calibration data, select a second portion of the point cloud from the first portion, excluding a base of the holder; and dimensioning the object based on the second portion of the point cloud. | 1. A server, comprising:
a memory storing calibration data; and a processor connected with the memory, the processor configured to:
obtain a point cloud depicting a capture volume containing a transporter having a body and a holder carrying an object to be dimensioned;
obtain a set of positions associated with the transporter;
based on the set of positions and the calibration data, select a first portion of the point cloud excluding the body of the transporter and a mast of the holder;
based on the calibration data, select a second portion of the point cloud from the first portion, excluding a base of the holder; and
dimension the object based on the second portion of the point cloud. 2. The server of claim 1, further comprising:
a communications interface; wherein the processor is further configured, in order to obtain the point cloud, to receive initial point clouds from a plurality of capture nodes via the communications interface, and combine the initial point clouds to generate the point cloud. 3. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured, in order to select the first portion, to:
generate a cutting plane corresponding to a forward surface of the mast; and discard points on a predetermined side of the cutting plane. 4. The server of claim 3, wherein the processor is configured, in order to select the second portion, to:
detect a lower surface of the base; generate an upper surface of the base according to the calibration data; and discard points between the lower surface and the upper surface. 5. The server of claim 4, wherein the processor is configured, in order to detect the lower surface, to generate a bounding box containing the object and the base, based on the first portion. 6. The server of claim 5, wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a center of the bounding box; generate side surfaces corresponding to sides of the base according to the center and the calibration data; and discard points between the lower surface, the upper surface, and the side surfaces. 7. The server of claim 5, wherein the processor is configured to generate the lower surface with a predefined angle relative to the cutting plane. 8. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to dimension the object, to:
generate a bounding box corresponding to the object from the second portion of the point cloud; determine point densities for each of a plurality of slices adjacent to a surface of the bounding box; and select an updated bounding box surface corresponding to the one of the slices with the greatest point density. 9. The server of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to repeat the determination of point densities and selection of an updated bounding box surface for each remaining surface of the bounding box. 10. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
detect a reference surface of the transporter based on the set of positions and the calibration data; and estimate a level of noise in the point cloud from the reference surface. 11. A method, comprising:
storing calibration data obtaining a point cloud depicting a capture volume containing a transporter having a body and a holder carrying an object to be dimensioned; obtaining a set of positions associated with the transporter; based on the set of positions and the calibration data, selecting a first portion of the point cloud excluding the body of the transporter and a mast of the holder; based on the calibration data, selecting a second portion of the point cloud from the first portion, excluding a base of the holder; and dimensioning the object based on the second portion of the point cloud. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein obtaining the point cloud includes receiving initial point clouds from a plurality of capture nodes via a communications interface, and combining the initial point clouds to generate the point cloud. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein selecting the first portion includes:
generating a cutting plane corresponding to a forward surface of the mast; and discarding points on a predetermined side of the cutting plane. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein selecting the second portion includes:
detecting a lower surface of the base; generating an upper surface of the base according to the calibration data; and discarding points between the lower surface and the upper surface. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein detecting the lower surface includes generating a bounding box containing the object and the base, based on the first portion. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
identifying a center of the bounding box; generating side surfaces corresponding to sides of the base according to the center and the calibration data; and discarding points between the lower surface, the upper surface, and the side surfaces. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising generating the lower surface with a predefined angle relative to the cutting plane. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein dimensioning the object includes:
generating a bounding box corresponding to the object from the second portion of the point cloud; determining point densities for each of a plurality of slices adjacent to a surface of the bounding box; and selecting an updated bounding box surface corresponding to the one of the slices with the greatest point density. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising: repeating the determination of point densities and selection of an updated bounding box surface for each remaining surface of the bounding box. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
detecting a reference surface of the transporter based on the set of positions and the calibration data; and estimating a level of noise in the point cloud from the reference surface. | A server includes: a memory storing calibration data; and a processor connected with the memory, the processor configured to: obtain a point cloud depicting a capture volume containing a transporter having a body and a holder carrying an object to be dimensioned; obtain a set of positions associated with the transporter; based on the set of positions and the calibration data, select a first portion of the point cloud excluding the body of the transporter and a mast of the holder; based on the calibration data, select a second portion of the point cloud from the first portion, excluding a base of the holder; and dimensioning the object based on the second portion of the point cloud.1. A server, comprising:
a memory storing calibration data; and a processor connected with the memory, the processor configured to:
obtain a point cloud depicting a capture volume containing a transporter having a body and a holder carrying an object to be dimensioned;
obtain a set of positions associated with the transporter;
based on the set of positions and the calibration data, select a first portion of the point cloud excluding the body of the transporter and a mast of the holder;
based on the calibration data, select a second portion of the point cloud from the first portion, excluding a base of the holder; and
dimension the object based on the second portion of the point cloud. 2. The server of claim 1, further comprising:
a communications interface; wherein the processor is further configured, in order to obtain the point cloud, to receive initial point clouds from a plurality of capture nodes via the communications interface, and combine the initial point clouds to generate the point cloud. 3. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured, in order to select the first portion, to:
generate a cutting plane corresponding to a forward surface of the mast; and discard points on a predetermined side of the cutting plane. 4. The server of claim 3, wherein the processor is configured, in order to select the second portion, to:
detect a lower surface of the base; generate an upper surface of the base according to the calibration data; and discard points between the lower surface and the upper surface. 5. The server of claim 4, wherein the processor is configured, in order to detect the lower surface, to generate a bounding box containing the object and the base, based on the first portion. 6. The server of claim 5, wherein the processor is further configured to:
identify a center of the bounding box; generate side surfaces corresponding to sides of the base according to the center and the calibration data; and discard points between the lower surface, the upper surface, and the side surfaces. 7. The server of claim 5, wherein the processor is configured to generate the lower surface with a predefined angle relative to the cutting plane. 8. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to dimension the object, to:
generate a bounding box corresponding to the object from the second portion of the point cloud; determine point densities for each of a plurality of slices adjacent to a surface of the bounding box; and select an updated bounding box surface corresponding to the one of the slices with the greatest point density. 9. The server of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to repeat the determination of point densities and selection of an updated bounding box surface for each remaining surface of the bounding box. 10. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
detect a reference surface of the transporter based on the set of positions and the calibration data; and estimate a level of noise in the point cloud from the reference surface. 11. A method, comprising:
storing calibration data obtaining a point cloud depicting a capture volume containing a transporter having a body and a holder carrying an object to be dimensioned; obtaining a set of positions associated with the transporter; based on the set of positions and the calibration data, selecting a first portion of the point cloud excluding the body of the transporter and a mast of the holder; based on the calibration data, selecting a second portion of the point cloud from the first portion, excluding a base of the holder; and dimensioning the object based on the second portion of the point cloud. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein obtaining the point cloud includes receiving initial point clouds from a plurality of capture nodes via a communications interface, and combining the initial point clouds to generate the point cloud. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein selecting the first portion includes:
generating a cutting plane corresponding to a forward surface of the mast; and discarding points on a predetermined side of the cutting plane. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein selecting the second portion includes:
detecting a lower surface of the base; generating an upper surface of the base according to the calibration data; and discarding points between the lower surface and the upper surface. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein detecting the lower surface includes generating a bounding box containing the object and the base, based on the first portion. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
identifying a center of the bounding box; generating side surfaces corresponding to sides of the base according to the center and the calibration data; and discarding points between the lower surface, the upper surface, and the side surfaces. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising generating the lower surface with a predefined angle relative to the cutting plane. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein dimensioning the object includes:
generating a bounding box corresponding to the object from the second portion of the point cloud; determining point densities for each of a plurality of slices adjacent to a surface of the bounding box; and selecting an updated bounding box surface corresponding to the one of the slices with the greatest point density. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising: repeating the determination of point densities and selection of an updated bounding box surface for each remaining surface of the bounding box. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
detecting a reference surface of the transporter based on the set of positions and the calibration data; and estimating a level of noise in the point cloud from the reference surface. | 3,600 |
339,829 | 16,800,809 | 3,673 | A flow cell can comprise a high-pressure, fluidic, flow-through housing that encloses and auto-aligns a heavy-walled, internally reflective low-cost glass capillary for concentrating and amplifying laser-excited spectra. The containment housing that encloses the capillaries can optionally sustain operational pressures of at least 10,000 psi. The pressure housing can be fitted with transparent optical windows that can accommodate laser-safe injection and spectra collection. The flow-cell design can adaptably accommodate different optical sampling configurations such as transmissive (forward scattering), reflective (backward scattering), or multipass, combined scattering. The flow cell size is scalable (lengthwise) to accommodate different applications or installations such as benchtop (lab), permanent (industrial), and portable (field). With new, miniaturized spectrometers, the flow cell can optionally be configured for transport as a real-time, high-sensitivity gas-analysis sensor aboard compact aerial or otherwise mobile systems (e.g., drones) for remote or hazardous applications. | 1. A flow cell for spectral analysis, the flow cell having a longitudinal dimension and comprising:
an elongate housing defining an interior; a capillary waveguide extending along the longitudinal dimension through the interior of the elongate housing, wherein the capillary waveguide has an outer surface defining an outer diameter, an inner bore defining an inner diameter, opposing first and second ends, and a length, wherein the capillary waveguide defines an inlet and an outlet to the inner bore, wherein the capillary waveguide has sufficient rigidity to remain optically straight when supported only by vertical forces at opposing ends; a first window at the first end of the capillary waveguide; and a second window at the second end of the capillary waveguide. 2. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the capillary wave guide is between approximately 0.1 and approximately 1 mm, and wherein the outer diameter of the capillary waveguide is at least 0.125 inches. 3. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second windows each comprise single crystal sapphire. 4. The flow cell of claim 1, further comprising reflective coating on the inner bore of the capillary waveguide. 5. The flow cell of claim 4, wherein the reflective coating comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: silver, gold, aluminum, and a dielectric material. 6. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein the flow cell is configured to withstand an internal pressure of at least 10,000 psi. 7. The flow cell of claim 1, further comprising an alignment fitting having a first end and an opposing second end and defining an interior bore proximate to the first end that is configured to receive an O-ring seal, wherein the interior bore at the first end defines a taper having a decreasing inner diameter in a direction away from the first end, wherein the alignment fitting is coupled to the elongate housing via a first compression seal at the second end of the alignment fitting. 8. The flow cell of claim 7, further comprising:
a compression fitting that receives the second end of the alignment fitting, wherein the compression fitting is coupled to the alignment fitting via a second compression seal, wherein the first window is received within the compression fitting; a nut threadedly engaging the compression fitting, wherein threaded engagement of the nut with the compression fitting causes a biasing force against the first window; a first O-ring compressed between the compression fitting and the first window; a compression sleeve at least partially received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting so that the first window biases against the compression sleeve; and a second O-ring received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting and compressed between the compression sleeve and the alignment fitting. 9. The flow cell of claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of elongate rods extending along the longitudinal dimension of the flow cell; and a plurality of plates defining holes therethrough that receive respective elongate rods of the plurality of elongate rods, wherein each of the plurality of plates receives therethrough and supports a portion of the flow cell. 10. A spectroscopy system comprising:
a flow cell having a longitudinal dimension, the flow cell comprising:
an elongate housing defining an interior;
a capillary waveguide extending along the longitudinal dimension through the interior of elongate housing, wherein the capillary waveguide has an outer surface defining an outer diameter, an inner bore defining an inner diameter, opposing first and second ends, and a length, wherein the capillary waveguide defines an inlet and an outlet to the inner bore, wherein the capillary waveguide has sufficient rigidity to remain optically straight when supported only by vertical forces at opposing ends;
a first window at the first end of the capillary waveguide; and
a second window at the second end of the capillary waveguide;
a laser that is configured to provide a beam into the first end of the capillary waveguide; and a spectrometer that is configured to receive at least a portion of the beam from the second end of the capillary waveguide. 11. The spectroscopy system of claim 10, wherein the inner diameter of the capillary wave guide is between approximately 0.1 and approximately 1 mm, and wherein the outer diameter of the capillary waveguide is at least 0.125 inches. 12. The spectroscopy system of claim 10, further comprising reflective coating on the inner bore of the capillary waveguide. 13. The spectroscopy system of claim 12, wherein the reflective coating comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: silver, gold, aluminum, and a dielectric material. 14. The spectroscopy system of claim 10, further comprising an alignment fitting having a first end and an opposing second end and defining an interior bore proximate to the first end that is configured to receive an O-ring seal, wherein the interior bore at the first end defines a taper having a decreasing inner diameter in a direction away from the first end, wherein the alignment fitting is coupled to the elongate housing via a first compression seal at the second end of the alignment fitting 15. The spectroscopy system of claim 14, further comprising:
a compression fitting that receives the second end of the alignment fitting, wherein the compression fitting is coupled to the alignment fitting via a second compression seal, wherein the first window is received within the compression fitting; a nut threadedly engaging the compression fitting, wherein threaded engagement of the nut with the compression fitting causes a biasing force against the first window; a first O-ring compressed between the compression fitting and the first window; a compression sleeve at least partially received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting so that the first window biases against the compression sleeve; and a second O-ring received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting and compressed between the compression sleeve and the alignment fitting. 16. A method comprising:
providing a flow of gas through a spectroscopy system comprising:
a flow cell having a longitudinal dimension, the flow cell comprising:
an elongate housing defining an interior;
a capillary waveguide extending along the longitudinal dimension through the interior of elongate housing, wherein the capillary waveguide has an outer surface defining an outer diameter, an inner bore defining an inner diameter, opposing first and second ends, and a length, wherein the capillary waveguide defines an inlet and an outlet to the inner bore, wherein the capillary waveguide has sufficient rigidity to remain optically straight when supported only by vertical forces at opposing ends;
a first window at the first end of the capillary waveguide; and
a second window at the second end of the capillary waveguide;
a laser that is configured to provide a beam into the first end of the capillary waveguide; and
a spectrometer that is configured to receive at least a portion of the beam from the second end of the capillary waveguide;
providing the beam from the light source through the inner bore of the capillary waveguide; and receiving at least a portion of the beam from the light source at the spectrometer. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the inner diameter of the capillary wave guide is between approximately 0.1 and approximately 1 mm, and the outer diameter of the capillary waveguide is at least 0.125 inches. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the flow cell further comprises a reflective coating on the inner bore of the capillary waveguide, wherein the reflective coating comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: silver, gold, aluminum, and a dielectric material. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the flow cell further comprises an alignment fitting having a first end and an opposing second end and defining an interior bore proximate to the first end that is configured to receive an O-ring seal, wherein the interior bore at the first end defines a taper having a decreasing inner diameter in a direction away from the first end, wherein the alignment fitting is coupled to the elongate housing via a first compression seal at the second end of the alignment fitting 20. The spectroscopy system of claim 19, wherein the flow cell further comprises:
a compression fitting that receives the second end of the alignment fitting, wherein the compression fitting is coupled to the alignment fitting via a second compression seal, wherein the first window is received within the compression fitting; a nut threadedly engaging the compression fitting, wherein threaded engagement of the nut with the compression fitting causes a biasing force against the first window; a first O-ring compressed between the compression fitting and the first window; a compression sleeve at least partially received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting so that the first window biases against the compression sleeve; and a second O-ring received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting and compressed between the compression sleeve and the alignment fitting. | A flow cell can comprise a high-pressure, fluidic, flow-through housing that encloses and auto-aligns a heavy-walled, internally reflective low-cost glass capillary for concentrating and amplifying laser-excited spectra. The containment housing that encloses the capillaries can optionally sustain operational pressures of at least 10,000 psi. The pressure housing can be fitted with transparent optical windows that can accommodate laser-safe injection and spectra collection. The flow-cell design can adaptably accommodate different optical sampling configurations such as transmissive (forward scattering), reflective (backward scattering), or multipass, combined scattering. The flow cell size is scalable (lengthwise) to accommodate different applications or installations such as benchtop (lab), permanent (industrial), and portable (field). With new, miniaturized spectrometers, the flow cell can optionally be configured for transport as a real-time, high-sensitivity gas-analysis sensor aboard compact aerial or otherwise mobile systems (e.g., drones) for remote or hazardous applications.1. A flow cell for spectral analysis, the flow cell having a longitudinal dimension and comprising:
an elongate housing defining an interior; a capillary waveguide extending along the longitudinal dimension through the interior of the elongate housing, wherein the capillary waveguide has an outer surface defining an outer diameter, an inner bore defining an inner diameter, opposing first and second ends, and a length, wherein the capillary waveguide defines an inlet and an outlet to the inner bore, wherein the capillary waveguide has sufficient rigidity to remain optically straight when supported only by vertical forces at opposing ends; a first window at the first end of the capillary waveguide; and a second window at the second end of the capillary waveguide. 2. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the capillary wave guide is between approximately 0.1 and approximately 1 mm, and wherein the outer diameter of the capillary waveguide is at least 0.125 inches. 3. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second windows each comprise single crystal sapphire. 4. The flow cell of claim 1, further comprising reflective coating on the inner bore of the capillary waveguide. 5. The flow cell of claim 4, wherein the reflective coating comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: silver, gold, aluminum, and a dielectric material. 6. The flow cell of claim 1, wherein the flow cell is configured to withstand an internal pressure of at least 10,000 psi. 7. The flow cell of claim 1, further comprising an alignment fitting having a first end and an opposing second end and defining an interior bore proximate to the first end that is configured to receive an O-ring seal, wherein the interior bore at the first end defines a taper having a decreasing inner diameter in a direction away from the first end, wherein the alignment fitting is coupled to the elongate housing via a first compression seal at the second end of the alignment fitting. 8. The flow cell of claim 7, further comprising:
a compression fitting that receives the second end of the alignment fitting, wherein the compression fitting is coupled to the alignment fitting via a second compression seal, wherein the first window is received within the compression fitting; a nut threadedly engaging the compression fitting, wherein threaded engagement of the nut with the compression fitting causes a biasing force against the first window; a first O-ring compressed between the compression fitting and the first window; a compression sleeve at least partially received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting so that the first window biases against the compression sleeve; and a second O-ring received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting and compressed between the compression sleeve and the alignment fitting. 9. The flow cell of claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of elongate rods extending along the longitudinal dimension of the flow cell; and a plurality of plates defining holes therethrough that receive respective elongate rods of the plurality of elongate rods, wherein each of the plurality of plates receives therethrough and supports a portion of the flow cell. 10. A spectroscopy system comprising:
a flow cell having a longitudinal dimension, the flow cell comprising:
an elongate housing defining an interior;
a capillary waveguide extending along the longitudinal dimension through the interior of elongate housing, wherein the capillary waveguide has an outer surface defining an outer diameter, an inner bore defining an inner diameter, opposing first and second ends, and a length, wherein the capillary waveguide defines an inlet and an outlet to the inner bore, wherein the capillary waveguide has sufficient rigidity to remain optically straight when supported only by vertical forces at opposing ends;
a first window at the first end of the capillary waveguide; and
a second window at the second end of the capillary waveguide;
a laser that is configured to provide a beam into the first end of the capillary waveguide; and a spectrometer that is configured to receive at least a portion of the beam from the second end of the capillary waveguide. 11. The spectroscopy system of claim 10, wherein the inner diameter of the capillary wave guide is between approximately 0.1 and approximately 1 mm, and wherein the outer diameter of the capillary waveguide is at least 0.125 inches. 12. The spectroscopy system of claim 10, further comprising reflective coating on the inner bore of the capillary waveguide. 13. The spectroscopy system of claim 12, wherein the reflective coating comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: silver, gold, aluminum, and a dielectric material. 14. The spectroscopy system of claim 10, further comprising an alignment fitting having a first end and an opposing second end and defining an interior bore proximate to the first end that is configured to receive an O-ring seal, wherein the interior bore at the first end defines a taper having a decreasing inner diameter in a direction away from the first end, wherein the alignment fitting is coupled to the elongate housing via a first compression seal at the second end of the alignment fitting 15. The spectroscopy system of claim 14, further comprising:
a compression fitting that receives the second end of the alignment fitting, wherein the compression fitting is coupled to the alignment fitting via a second compression seal, wherein the first window is received within the compression fitting; a nut threadedly engaging the compression fitting, wherein threaded engagement of the nut with the compression fitting causes a biasing force against the first window; a first O-ring compressed between the compression fitting and the first window; a compression sleeve at least partially received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting so that the first window biases against the compression sleeve; and a second O-ring received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting and compressed between the compression sleeve and the alignment fitting. 16. A method comprising:
providing a flow of gas through a spectroscopy system comprising:
a flow cell having a longitudinal dimension, the flow cell comprising:
an elongate housing defining an interior;
a capillary waveguide extending along the longitudinal dimension through the interior of elongate housing, wherein the capillary waveguide has an outer surface defining an outer diameter, an inner bore defining an inner diameter, opposing first and second ends, and a length, wherein the capillary waveguide defines an inlet and an outlet to the inner bore, wherein the capillary waveguide has sufficient rigidity to remain optically straight when supported only by vertical forces at opposing ends;
a first window at the first end of the capillary waveguide; and
a second window at the second end of the capillary waveguide;
a laser that is configured to provide a beam into the first end of the capillary waveguide; and
a spectrometer that is configured to receive at least a portion of the beam from the second end of the capillary waveguide;
providing the beam from the light source through the inner bore of the capillary waveguide; and receiving at least a portion of the beam from the light source at the spectrometer. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the inner diameter of the capillary wave guide is between approximately 0.1 and approximately 1 mm, and the outer diameter of the capillary waveguide is at least 0.125 inches. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the flow cell further comprises a reflective coating on the inner bore of the capillary waveguide, wherein the reflective coating comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of: silver, gold, aluminum, and a dielectric material. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the flow cell further comprises an alignment fitting having a first end and an opposing second end and defining an interior bore proximate to the first end that is configured to receive an O-ring seal, wherein the interior bore at the first end defines a taper having a decreasing inner diameter in a direction away from the first end, wherein the alignment fitting is coupled to the elongate housing via a first compression seal at the second end of the alignment fitting 20. The spectroscopy system of claim 19, wherein the flow cell further comprises:
a compression fitting that receives the second end of the alignment fitting, wherein the compression fitting is coupled to the alignment fitting via a second compression seal, wherein the first window is received within the compression fitting; a nut threadedly engaging the compression fitting, wherein threaded engagement of the nut with the compression fitting causes a biasing force against the first window; a first O-ring compressed between the compression fitting and the first window; a compression sleeve at least partially received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting so that the first window biases against the compression sleeve; and a second O-ring received within the interior bore of the alignment fitting and compressed between the compression sleeve and the alignment fitting. | 3,600 |
339,830 | 16,800,817 | 3,673 | An assembly for a vehicle includes a steering wheel. The assembly includes an airbag inflatable to an inflated position. The airbag has a main chamber supported by the steering wheel. The main chamber in the inflated position has a rear panel facing the steering wheel, an impact panel opposite the rear panel, and an outermost periphery between the impact panel and the rear panel. The airbag includes an extension having a first end and a terminal end. The extension extends from the first end to the terminal end adjacent the rear panel of the main chamber. The first end extends from the outermost periphery and the rear panel and the terminal end is connected to the rear panel. The airbag has an inflation chamber extending from the main chamber to the terminal end through the first end of the extension. | 1. An assembly comprising:
a steering wheel; an airbag inflatable to an inflated position and having a main chamber supported by the steering wheel; the main chamber in the inflated position having a rear panel facing the steering wheel, an impact panel opposite the rear panel, and an outermost periphery between the impact panel and the rear panel; the airbag having an extension having a first end and a terminal end and extending from the first end to the terminal end adjacent the rear panel of the main chamber, the first end extending from the outermost periphery and the rear panel, and the terminal end being connected to the rear panel; and the airbag having an inflation chamber extending from the main chamber to the terminal end through the first end of the extension. 2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the airbag includes a second extension having a first end and a terminal end and extending from the first end of the second extension to the terminal end of the second extension adjacent the rear panel of the main chamber, the first end of the second extension extending from the outermost periphery and the rear panel, and the terminal end of the second extension being connected to the rear panel. 3. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the steering wheel includes a top and a bottom spaced from the top, the extension being positioned at the top and the second extension being positioned at the bottom. 4. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the extension and second extension are spaced from each other by 180 degrees. 5. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the extension and the second extension each extend along less than a quarter of the outermost periphery. 6. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the steering wheel includes a top, the extension being positioned at the top. 7. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the steering wheel is oblong. 8. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the steering wheel includes a rim having a straight portion, the extension being positioned at the straight portion. 9. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension extends along less than a quarter of the outermost periphery. 10. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension is between the rear panel and the steering wheel when the airbag is in the inflated position. 11. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension abuts the steering wheel when the airbag is in the inflated position. 12. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a gap defined between the extension and the rear panel of the airbag, the gap extending along the extension and the rear panel and from the first end to the terminal end of the extension. 13. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the main chamber and the extension are unitary. 14. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the terminal end of the extension is connected to the rear panel of the airbag by a stitch. 15. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the airbag includes a tether extending from the terminal end to the rear panel of the airbag. 16. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising an airbag housing, the terminal end being directly connected to the airbag housing. | An assembly for a vehicle includes a steering wheel. The assembly includes an airbag inflatable to an inflated position. The airbag has a main chamber supported by the steering wheel. The main chamber in the inflated position has a rear panel facing the steering wheel, an impact panel opposite the rear panel, and an outermost periphery between the impact panel and the rear panel. The airbag includes an extension having a first end and a terminal end. The extension extends from the first end to the terminal end adjacent the rear panel of the main chamber. The first end extends from the outermost periphery and the rear panel and the terminal end is connected to the rear panel. The airbag has an inflation chamber extending from the main chamber to the terminal end through the first end of the extension.1. An assembly comprising:
a steering wheel; an airbag inflatable to an inflated position and having a main chamber supported by the steering wheel; the main chamber in the inflated position having a rear panel facing the steering wheel, an impact panel opposite the rear panel, and an outermost periphery between the impact panel and the rear panel; the airbag having an extension having a first end and a terminal end and extending from the first end to the terminal end adjacent the rear panel of the main chamber, the first end extending from the outermost periphery and the rear panel, and the terminal end being connected to the rear panel; and the airbag having an inflation chamber extending from the main chamber to the terminal end through the first end of the extension. 2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the airbag includes a second extension having a first end and a terminal end and extending from the first end of the second extension to the terminal end of the second extension adjacent the rear panel of the main chamber, the first end of the second extension extending from the outermost periphery and the rear panel, and the terminal end of the second extension being connected to the rear panel. 3. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the steering wheel includes a top and a bottom spaced from the top, the extension being positioned at the top and the second extension being positioned at the bottom. 4. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the extension and second extension are spaced from each other by 180 degrees. 5. The assembly of claim 2, wherein the extension and the second extension each extend along less than a quarter of the outermost periphery. 6. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the steering wheel includes a top, the extension being positioned at the top. 7. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the steering wheel is oblong. 8. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the steering wheel includes a rim having a straight portion, the extension being positioned at the straight portion. 9. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension extends along less than a quarter of the outermost periphery. 10. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension is between the rear panel and the steering wheel when the airbag is in the inflated position. 11. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the extension abuts the steering wheel when the airbag is in the inflated position. 12. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a gap defined between the extension and the rear panel of the airbag, the gap extending along the extension and the rear panel and from the first end to the terminal end of the extension. 13. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the main chamber and the extension are unitary. 14. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the terminal end of the extension is connected to the rear panel of the airbag by a stitch. 15. The assembly of claim 1, wherein the airbag includes a tether extending from the terminal end to the rear panel of the airbag. 16. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising an airbag housing, the terminal end being directly connected to the airbag housing. | 3,600 |
339,831 | 16,800,811 | 3,673 | Described herein is a golf club head that comprises a body and a strike plate. The body comprises a heel portion, a sole portion, a toe portion, and a top portion. The strike plate comprises an outer peripheral edge and at least a portion of a strike face. Furthermore, the strike plate is welded to the body via a peripheral weld between the outer peripheral edge of the strike plate and the body. The outer peripheral edge of the strike plate comprises at least one welded portion, welded to the body via the peripheral weld, and at least one non-welded portion, not welded to the body. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. A hollow body iron-type golf club head, comprising:
a body, comprising a heel portion, a first part of a sole portion, a toe portion, a top portion, a rear wall, and a hosel of the golf club head; a strike plate welded to the body, wherein:
the strike plate comprises a strike face of the golf club head, a second part of the sole portion of the golf club head, and a majority of a face-to-sole portion transition region between the strike face and the sole portion;
the strike plate, the heel portion, the sole portion, the toe portion, the top portion, and the rear wall enclose an internal cavity of the golf club head;
the second part of the sole portion has an internal surface that defines a portion of the internal cavity;
the strike plate has a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion, wherein a thickness of the central portion is greater than a thickness of the peripheral portion; and
the first part of the sole portion comprises a recess formed in an internal surface of the first part of the sole portion;
a filler material within the internal cavity; a tungsten weight located within the recess of the first part of the sole portion; a threaded toe port formed in the toe portion of the golf club head, wherein the internal cavity is configured to receive the filler material through the threaded toe port; a threaded plug that is threadably engaged with the threaded toe port to plug the threaded toe port; a first COR drop off value when the internal cavity is unfilled; a second COR drop off value when the internal cavity is at least partially filled with the filler material; and a COR change value being a difference between the second COR drop off value and the first COR drop off value; wherein the COR change value is between 0 and −0.01. 22. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a foam. 23. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a two part polyurethane based foam. 24. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is flexible after it is cured. 25. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a thermoset. 26. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein an unfilled COR of the golf club head is at least 0.812. 27. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the strike plate is made of a first material and the body is made of a second material that is different than the first material. 28. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein:
the rear wall comprises a sole bar protruding from the first part of the sole portion into the internal cavity, wherein the sole bar is located in a low and rearward portion of the golf club head and has a relatively large thickness in relation to the strike plate; the rear wall further comprises a forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar forward towards the strike plate; the second part of the sole portion wraps underneath the forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar; the filler material contacts an underside surface of the forward sole bar protrusion and contacts an interior surface of the second part of the sole portion; a thickness of the second part of the sole portion is less than the thickness of the central portion of strike plate; and at least a portion of the second part of the sole portion is welded along the first part of the sole portion. 29. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein:
the rear wall comprises a sole bar protruding from the first part of the sole portion into the internal cavity, wherein the sole bar is located in a low and rearward portion of the golf club head and has a relatively large thickness in relation to the strike plate; wherein the filler material extends overtop the sole bar. 30. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein at least one of the strike plate and the body are formed of a stainless steel. 31. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a methylene diphenyl diisocyanate based foam. 32. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein part of the strike plate extends further toeward than the second part of the sole portion. 33. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the recess comprises at least a rear wall and opposing side walls, and wherein the tungsten weight is at least partially surrounded by the recess. 34. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the tungsten weight is at least partially surrounded by the filler material. 35. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein a majority of the tungsten weight is below the threaded toe port when the golf club head is in proper address position. 36. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the body is cast and the strike plate is forged. 37. A golf club head, comprising:
a body, comprising a heel portion, a first part of a sole portion, a toe portion, a top portion, a rear wall, and a hosel of the golf club head; a strike plate welded to the body, wherein:
the strike plate comprises a strike face of the golf club head, a second part of the sole portion of the golf club head, and a majority of a face-to-sole portion transition region between the strike face and the sole portion;
the strike plate, the heel portion, the sole portion, the toe portion, the top portion, and the rear wall enclose an internal cavity of the golf club head;
the second part of the sole portion has an internal surface that defines a portion of the internal cavity;
the strike plate has a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion, wherein a thickness of the central portion is greater than a thickness of the peripheral portion; and
a filler material within the internal cavity; a threaded toe port formed in the toe portion of the golf club head, wherein the internal cavity is configured to receive the filler material through the threaded toe port; a threaded plug that is threadably engaged with the threaded toe port to plug the threaded toe port; a first COR drop off value when the internal cavity is unfilled; a second COR drop off value when the internal cavity is at least partially filled with the filler material; and a COR change value being a difference between the second COR drop off value and the first COR drop off value, wherein the COR change value is between 0 and −0.01; a sole bar protruding from the first part of the sole portion into the internal cavity, wherein the sole bar is located in a low and rearward portion of the golf club head and has a relatively large thickness in relation to the strike plate; a forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar forward towards the strike plate; the second part of the sole portion wraps underneath the forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar; the filler material contacts an underside surface of the forward sole bar protrusion and contacts an interior surface of the second part of the sole portion; a thickness of the second part of the sole portion is less than the thickness of the central portion of strike plate; and at least a portion of the second part of the sole portion is welded along the first part of the sole portion. 38. The golf club head according to claim 37, further comprising a tungsten weight located within the internal cavity. 39. The golf club head according to claim 38, wherein the first part of the sole portion is configured to receive the tungsten weight. 40. The golf club head according to claim 39, wherein the tungsten weight is received with in a recess and the recess comprises at least a rear wall and opposing side walls. | Described herein is a golf club head that comprises a body and a strike plate. The body comprises a heel portion, a sole portion, a toe portion, and a top portion. The strike plate comprises an outer peripheral edge and at least a portion of a strike face. Furthermore, the strike plate is welded to the body via a peripheral weld between the outer peripheral edge of the strike plate and the body. The outer peripheral edge of the strike plate comprises at least one welded portion, welded to the body via the peripheral weld, and at least one non-welded portion, not welded to the body.1-20. (canceled) 21. A hollow body iron-type golf club head, comprising:
a body, comprising a heel portion, a first part of a sole portion, a toe portion, a top portion, a rear wall, and a hosel of the golf club head; a strike plate welded to the body, wherein:
the strike plate comprises a strike face of the golf club head, a second part of the sole portion of the golf club head, and a majority of a face-to-sole portion transition region between the strike face and the sole portion;
the strike plate, the heel portion, the sole portion, the toe portion, the top portion, and the rear wall enclose an internal cavity of the golf club head;
the second part of the sole portion has an internal surface that defines a portion of the internal cavity;
the strike plate has a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion, wherein a thickness of the central portion is greater than a thickness of the peripheral portion; and
the first part of the sole portion comprises a recess formed in an internal surface of the first part of the sole portion;
a filler material within the internal cavity; a tungsten weight located within the recess of the first part of the sole portion; a threaded toe port formed in the toe portion of the golf club head, wherein the internal cavity is configured to receive the filler material through the threaded toe port; a threaded plug that is threadably engaged with the threaded toe port to plug the threaded toe port; a first COR drop off value when the internal cavity is unfilled; a second COR drop off value when the internal cavity is at least partially filled with the filler material; and a COR change value being a difference between the second COR drop off value and the first COR drop off value; wherein the COR change value is between 0 and −0.01. 22. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a foam. 23. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a two part polyurethane based foam. 24. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is flexible after it is cured. 25. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a thermoset. 26. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein an unfilled COR of the golf club head is at least 0.812. 27. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the strike plate is made of a first material and the body is made of a second material that is different than the first material. 28. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein:
the rear wall comprises a sole bar protruding from the first part of the sole portion into the internal cavity, wherein the sole bar is located in a low and rearward portion of the golf club head and has a relatively large thickness in relation to the strike plate; the rear wall further comprises a forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar forward towards the strike plate; the second part of the sole portion wraps underneath the forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar; the filler material contacts an underside surface of the forward sole bar protrusion and contacts an interior surface of the second part of the sole portion; a thickness of the second part of the sole portion is less than the thickness of the central portion of strike plate; and at least a portion of the second part of the sole portion is welded along the first part of the sole portion. 29. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein:
the rear wall comprises a sole bar protruding from the first part of the sole portion into the internal cavity, wherein the sole bar is located in a low and rearward portion of the golf club head and has a relatively large thickness in relation to the strike plate; wherein the filler material extends overtop the sole bar. 30. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein at least one of the strike plate and the body are formed of a stainless steel. 31. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the filler material is a methylene diphenyl diisocyanate based foam. 32. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein part of the strike plate extends further toeward than the second part of the sole portion. 33. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the recess comprises at least a rear wall and opposing side walls, and wherein the tungsten weight is at least partially surrounded by the recess. 34. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the tungsten weight is at least partially surrounded by the filler material. 35. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein a majority of the tungsten weight is below the threaded toe port when the golf club head is in proper address position. 36. The golf club head according to claim 21, wherein the body is cast and the strike plate is forged. 37. A golf club head, comprising:
a body, comprising a heel portion, a first part of a sole portion, a toe portion, a top portion, a rear wall, and a hosel of the golf club head; a strike plate welded to the body, wherein:
the strike plate comprises a strike face of the golf club head, a second part of the sole portion of the golf club head, and a majority of a face-to-sole portion transition region between the strike face and the sole portion;
the strike plate, the heel portion, the sole portion, the toe portion, the top portion, and the rear wall enclose an internal cavity of the golf club head;
the second part of the sole portion has an internal surface that defines a portion of the internal cavity;
the strike plate has a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion, wherein a thickness of the central portion is greater than a thickness of the peripheral portion; and
a filler material within the internal cavity; a threaded toe port formed in the toe portion of the golf club head, wherein the internal cavity is configured to receive the filler material through the threaded toe port; a threaded plug that is threadably engaged with the threaded toe port to plug the threaded toe port; a first COR drop off value when the internal cavity is unfilled; a second COR drop off value when the internal cavity is at least partially filled with the filler material; and a COR change value being a difference between the second COR drop off value and the first COR drop off value, wherein the COR change value is between 0 and −0.01; a sole bar protruding from the first part of the sole portion into the internal cavity, wherein the sole bar is located in a low and rearward portion of the golf club head and has a relatively large thickness in relation to the strike plate; a forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar forward towards the strike plate; the second part of the sole portion wraps underneath the forward sole bar protrusion protruding from the sole bar; the filler material contacts an underside surface of the forward sole bar protrusion and contacts an interior surface of the second part of the sole portion; a thickness of the second part of the sole portion is less than the thickness of the central portion of strike plate; and at least a portion of the second part of the sole portion is welded along the first part of the sole portion. 38. The golf club head according to claim 37, further comprising a tungsten weight located within the internal cavity. 39. The golf club head according to claim 38, wherein the first part of the sole portion is configured to receive the tungsten weight. 40. The golf club head according to claim 39, wherein the tungsten weight is received with in a recess and the recess comprises at least a rear wall and opposing side walls. | 3,600 |
339,832 | 16,800,799 | 3,673 | A multi-thread systolic array includes a plurality of processing elements, each including a processor. Each of the processing elements is configured to: receive a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source; receive a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source; the plurality of first inputs and the plurality of second inputs being arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads; schedule, for each operation cycle of the processor, a certain thread of the plurality of threads; and execute a computation operation for the certain thread. | 1. A multi-thread systolic array comprising:
a plurality of processing elements each including a processor, wherein each of the processing elements is configured to:
receive a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source;
receive a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source,
wherein the first inputs and the second inputs are arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads;
schedule, for each operation cycle of the processor, a certain thread of the threads; and
execute a computation operation for the certain thread. 2. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the processing elements are arranged as a two dimensional array such that a plurality of first outputs of a first processing element are provided as the first inputs into a second adjacent processing element, and a plurality of second outputs of the first processing element are provided as the second inputs into a third adjacent processing element. 3. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the scheduling is performed according to available non-impacting values of the certain thread, wherein the non-impacting values are input values that do not significantly impact values computed by the corresponding processor. 4. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processor elements is configured to parallel execute the computation operation for the certain thread and execute for each respective thread of the other threads, a bypass operation when at least one of the values of the respective thread is a non-impacting value, or a stalling operation when at least one of the values of the respective thread is an impacting value. 5. The multi-threaded systolic array according to claim 4, wherein the computation operation is executed by a computation component, the bypass operation is executed by a shifting path component, and the stalling operation is executed by a stalling component, wherein the computation operation of the computation component is executed independently of the bypass operation of the shifting path component and the stalling operation of the stalling component. 6. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processing elements is configured to parallel process a plurality of bypass operations for the plurality of threads when the plurality of threads include non-impacting values. 7. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each the processing elements is configured to perform a bypass operation for each thread of the threads that includes non-impacting values for the respective first inputs and/or the respective second inputs. 8. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processing elements is configured to assign different layers of a neural network to different threads of the threads, and to select between the different threads according to a bandwidth of the corresponding layer, wherein the first input denotes activation input of the neural network and the second input denotes weights of the neural network. 9. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of processing elements includes at least one first suspension buffer storing data for the first inputs and at least one second suspension buffer storing data for the second inputs when the processor of the respective processing element is busy processing the certain thread. 10. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processing elements is configured to shift non-impacting value inputs from the first inputs to the first outputs and from the second inputs to the outputs. 11. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 10, wherein the shifting of the non-impacting value inputs is performed without computing the multiplication of the non-impacting value inputs. 12. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein a clock of a computation component executing the computation operation is gated when the first inputs and the second inputs have an impacting value. 13. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the multi-thread systolic array is configured to compute a plurality of matrix multiplications from data provided by the threads. 14. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the result of the computation operation is one of: locally stored at each of the processing elements and shifted as output to second and third adjacent ones of the processing elements, and used as a partial sum input for the next computation from the corresponding certain first input and the corresponding certain second input. 15. A method of operating a multi-thread systolic array comprising:
performing for each processing element of a plurality of processing elements of the multi-thread systolic array: receiving a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source;
receiving a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source,
wherein the first inputs and the second inputs are arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads;
scheduling, for each operation cycle, a certain thread of the threads; and
computing a computation operation for the certain thread. 16. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer code, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:
receive a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source; receive a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source, wherein the first inputs and the second inputs are arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads; schedule, for each operation cycle, a certain thread of the threads; and compute a computation operation for the certain thread. | A multi-thread systolic array includes a plurality of processing elements, each including a processor. Each of the processing elements is configured to: receive a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source; receive a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source; the plurality of first inputs and the plurality of second inputs being arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads; schedule, for each operation cycle of the processor, a certain thread of the plurality of threads; and execute a computation operation for the certain thread.1. A multi-thread systolic array comprising:
a plurality of processing elements each including a processor, wherein each of the processing elements is configured to:
receive a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source;
receive a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source,
wherein the first inputs and the second inputs are arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads;
schedule, for each operation cycle of the processor, a certain thread of the threads; and
execute a computation operation for the certain thread. 2. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the processing elements are arranged as a two dimensional array such that a plurality of first outputs of a first processing element are provided as the first inputs into a second adjacent processing element, and a plurality of second outputs of the first processing element are provided as the second inputs into a third adjacent processing element. 3. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the scheduling is performed according to available non-impacting values of the certain thread, wherein the non-impacting values are input values that do not significantly impact values computed by the corresponding processor. 4. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processor elements is configured to parallel execute the computation operation for the certain thread and execute for each respective thread of the other threads, a bypass operation when at least one of the values of the respective thread is a non-impacting value, or a stalling operation when at least one of the values of the respective thread is an impacting value. 5. The multi-threaded systolic array according to claim 4, wherein the computation operation is executed by a computation component, the bypass operation is executed by a shifting path component, and the stalling operation is executed by a stalling component, wherein the computation operation of the computation component is executed independently of the bypass operation of the shifting path component and the stalling operation of the stalling component. 6. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processing elements is configured to parallel process a plurality of bypass operations for the plurality of threads when the plurality of threads include non-impacting values. 7. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each the processing elements is configured to perform a bypass operation for each thread of the threads that includes non-impacting values for the respective first inputs and/or the respective second inputs. 8. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processing elements is configured to assign different layers of a neural network to different threads of the threads, and to select between the different threads according to a bandwidth of the corresponding layer, wherein the first input denotes activation input of the neural network and the second input denotes weights of the neural network. 9. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of processing elements includes at least one first suspension buffer storing data for the first inputs and at least one second suspension buffer storing data for the second inputs when the processor of the respective processing element is busy processing the certain thread. 10. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding processor of each of the processing elements is configured to shift non-impacting value inputs from the first inputs to the first outputs and from the second inputs to the outputs. 11. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 10, wherein the shifting of the non-impacting value inputs is performed without computing the multiplication of the non-impacting value inputs. 12. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein a clock of a computation component executing the computation operation is gated when the first inputs and the second inputs have an impacting value. 13. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the multi-thread systolic array is configured to compute a plurality of matrix multiplications from data provided by the threads. 14. The multi-thread systolic array according to claim 1, wherein the result of the computation operation is one of: locally stored at each of the processing elements and shifted as output to second and third adjacent ones of the processing elements, and used as a partial sum input for the next computation from the corresponding certain first input and the corresponding certain second input. 15. A method of operating a multi-thread systolic array comprising:
performing for each processing element of a plurality of processing elements of the multi-thread systolic array: receiving a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source;
receiving a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source,
wherein the first inputs and the second inputs are arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads;
scheduling, for each operation cycle, a certain thread of the threads; and
computing a computation operation for the certain thread. 16. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising computer code, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:
receive a plurality of first inputs from a respective first input source; receive a plurality of second inputs from a respective second input source, wherein the first inputs and the second inputs are arranged as a plurality of pairs corresponding to a plurality of threads; schedule, for each operation cycle, a certain thread of the threads; and compute a computation operation for the certain thread. | 3,600 |
339,833 | 16,800,787 | 3,673 | A programming access device such as, for example, a cable or satellite set top box (STB), a digital video recorder (DVR), a personal computer, and/or a digital media receiver automatically optimizes an order of content choices presented in a content listing, such as a program guide display, favorite channel display, and/or a recording listing display based on the past viewing and/or recording history of a current user. | 1. A non-transitory, computer readable media having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processing device of a digital media receiver, cause the digital media receiver to perform steps comprising:
receiving from a one of a plurality of users a request to display a listing of a plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver from at least one media content streaming source; and in response to the request, causing the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver to be displayed on a display device associated with the digital media receiver with the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver being displayed with an order that is determined as a function of a viewing history data associated with the one of the plurality of users; wherein the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver as displayed on the display device comprises a graphical user interface for use is causing a one of the plurality of programs to be displayed on the display device. 2. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one media content streaming source comprises at least one of an internet program content source and a cable program content source. 3. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one media content streaming source comprises at least one of an internet program content source and a digital video recorder content source. 4. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the request includes data indicative of the one of the plurality of users. 5. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 4, wherein the data comprises data that functions to identify a device from which the request originated. 6. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver is further caused to be displayed with a sub-order that is determined as a function of a time stamp associated with the request and the viewing history data associated with the one of the plurality of users. 7. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver is further caused to be displayed with a sub-order that is determined as a function of a genre associated with each of the plurality of programs and the viewing history data associated with the one of the plurality of users. 8. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the digital media receiver comprises a set-top box. 9. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the digital media receiver comprises a television. | A programming access device such as, for example, a cable or satellite set top box (STB), a digital video recorder (DVR), a personal computer, and/or a digital media receiver automatically optimizes an order of content choices presented in a content listing, such as a program guide display, favorite channel display, and/or a recording listing display based on the past viewing and/or recording history of a current user.1. A non-transitory, computer readable media having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processing device of a digital media receiver, cause the digital media receiver to perform steps comprising:
receiving from a one of a plurality of users a request to display a listing of a plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver from at least one media content streaming source; and in response to the request, causing the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver to be displayed on a display device associated with the digital media receiver with the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver being displayed with an order that is determined as a function of a viewing history data associated with the one of the plurality of users; wherein the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver as displayed on the display device comprises a graphical user interface for use is causing a one of the plurality of programs to be displayed on the display device. 2. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one media content streaming source comprises at least one of an internet program content source and a cable program content source. 3. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one media content streaming source comprises at least one of an internet program content source and a digital video recorder content source. 4. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the request includes data indicative of the one of the plurality of users. 5. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 4, wherein the data comprises data that functions to identify a device from which the request originated. 6. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver is further caused to be displayed with a sub-order that is determined as a function of a time stamp associated with the request and the viewing history data associated with the one of the plurality of users. 7. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the listing of the plurality of programs accessible to the digital media receiver is further caused to be displayed with a sub-order that is determined as a function of a genre associated with each of the plurality of programs and the viewing history data associated with the one of the plurality of users. 8. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the digital media receiver comprises a set-top box. 9. The non-transitory, computer readable media as recited in claim 1, wherein the digital media receiver comprises a television. | 3,600 |
339,834 | 16,800,821 | 1,611 | Lures containing only the adult-produced pheromones from T. granarium are provided. These lures, and methods for using them, can be employed to trap T. granarium larvae. | 1. A method comprising: luring T. granarium larvae to a trap using an effective T. granarium larvae luring amount of adult-produced pheromone from T. granarium and optionally a carrier. | Lures containing only the adult-produced pheromones from T. granarium are provided. These lures, and methods for using them, can be employed to trap T. granarium larvae.1. A method comprising: luring T. granarium larvae to a trap using an effective T. granarium larvae luring amount of adult-produced pheromone from T. granarium and optionally a carrier. | 1,600 |
339,835 | 16,800,814 | 1,611 | An aspect is directed to a contact plate arrangement for a battery module. The contact plate arrangement comprises a first contact plate connected to first terminals of a first parallel group of battery cells (P-Group) and to second terminals of a second P-Group, a second contact plate that is partially stacked over the first contact plate, the second contact plate connected to first terminals of the second P-Group and to second terminals of a third P-Group, and a third contact plate that is partially stacked over the second contact plate, the third contact plate connected to first terminals of the third P-Group. | 1. A contact plate arrangement for a battery module, comprising:
a first contact plate connected to first terminals of a first parallel group of battery cells (P-Group) and to second terminals of a second P-Group; a second contact plate that is partially stacked over the first contact plate, the second contact plate connected to first terminals of the second P-Group and to second terminals of a third P-Group; and a third contact plate that is partially stacked over the second contact plate, the third contact plate connected to first terminals of the third P-Group. 2. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first terminals are negative terminals and the second terminals are positive terminals. 3. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first terminals are positive terminals and the second terminals are negative terminals. 4. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1,
wherein the first contact plate and at least one additional contact plate is arranged as part of a first contact plate layer, wherein the second contact plate and at least one additional contact plate is arranged as part of a second contact plate layer, wherein the third contact plate and at least one additional contact plate is arranged as part of a third contact plate layer, wherein each contact plate in the third contact plate layer is partially stacked over at least one contact plate in the first contact plate layer and/or the second contact plate layer, and wherein each contact plate in the second contact plate layer is partially stacked over at least one contact plate in the first contact plate layer. 5. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:
a first insulation layer arranged between the first and second contact plates; and a second insulation layer arranged between the second and third contact plates. 6. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third P-Groups each comprise the same number of battery cells. 7. The contact plate arrangement of claim 6, wherein the first, second, and third P-Groups each comprise three battery cells. 8. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second and third contact plates is configured as a single-layer contact plate. 9. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second and third contact plates is configured as a multi-layer contact plate whereby a cell terminal connection layer is partially sandwiched between two solid plate layers. 10. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second and third contact plates comprises steel, aluminum, copper, or any combination thereof. 11. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the third contact plate is a negative pole contact plate of the battery module or a positive pole contact plate of the battery module. 12. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the third contact plate is further connected to second terminals of a fourth P-Group. 13. The contact plate arrangement of claim 12, further comprising:
a fourth contact plate connected to first terminals of the fourth P-Group and to second terminals of a fifth P-Group, the third contact plate being partially stacked over the fourth contact plate; a fifth contact plate that is partially stacked over the fourth contact plate, the fifth contact plate connected to first terminals of the fifth P-Group and to second terminals of a sixth P-Group; and a sixth contact plate that is partially stacked over the fifth contact plate, the sixth contact plate connected to first terminals of the sixth P-Group. 14. The contact plate arrangement of claim 13, wherein the first terminals are negative terminals and the second terminals are positive terminals. 15. The contact plate arrangement of claim 13, wherein the first terminals are positive terminals and the second terminals are negative terminals. 16. The contact plate arrangement of claim 13, wherein the sixth contact plate is a negative pole contact plate of the battery module or a positive pole contact plate of the battery module. 17. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:
another contact plate connected to second terminals of the first P-Group. 18. The contact plate arrangement of claim 17, wherein the another contact plate is a positive pole contact plate of the battery module or a negative pole contact plate of the battery module. | An aspect is directed to a contact plate arrangement for a battery module. The contact plate arrangement comprises a first contact plate connected to first terminals of a first parallel group of battery cells (P-Group) and to second terminals of a second P-Group, a second contact plate that is partially stacked over the first contact plate, the second contact plate connected to first terminals of the second P-Group and to second terminals of a third P-Group, and a third contact plate that is partially stacked over the second contact plate, the third contact plate connected to first terminals of the third P-Group.1. A contact plate arrangement for a battery module, comprising:
a first contact plate connected to first terminals of a first parallel group of battery cells (P-Group) and to second terminals of a second P-Group; a second contact plate that is partially stacked over the first contact plate, the second contact plate connected to first terminals of the second P-Group and to second terminals of a third P-Group; and a third contact plate that is partially stacked over the second contact plate, the third contact plate connected to first terminals of the third P-Group. 2. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first terminals are negative terminals and the second terminals are positive terminals. 3. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first terminals are positive terminals and the second terminals are negative terminals. 4. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1,
wherein the first contact plate and at least one additional contact plate is arranged as part of a first contact plate layer, wherein the second contact plate and at least one additional contact plate is arranged as part of a second contact plate layer, wherein the third contact plate and at least one additional contact plate is arranged as part of a third contact plate layer, wherein each contact plate in the third contact plate layer is partially stacked over at least one contact plate in the first contact plate layer and/or the second contact plate layer, and wherein each contact plate in the second contact plate layer is partially stacked over at least one contact plate in the first contact plate layer. 5. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:
a first insulation layer arranged between the first and second contact plates; and a second insulation layer arranged between the second and third contact plates. 6. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third P-Groups each comprise the same number of battery cells. 7. The contact plate arrangement of claim 6, wherein the first, second, and third P-Groups each comprise three battery cells. 8. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second and third contact plates is configured as a single-layer contact plate. 9. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second and third contact plates is configured as a multi-layer contact plate whereby a cell terminal connection layer is partially sandwiched between two solid plate layers. 10. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, second and third contact plates comprises steel, aluminum, copper, or any combination thereof. 11. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the third contact plate is a negative pole contact plate of the battery module or a positive pole contact plate of the battery module. 12. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, wherein the third contact plate is further connected to second terminals of a fourth P-Group. 13. The contact plate arrangement of claim 12, further comprising:
a fourth contact plate connected to first terminals of the fourth P-Group and to second terminals of a fifth P-Group, the third contact plate being partially stacked over the fourth contact plate; a fifth contact plate that is partially stacked over the fourth contact plate, the fifth contact plate connected to first terminals of the fifth P-Group and to second terminals of a sixth P-Group; and a sixth contact plate that is partially stacked over the fifth contact plate, the sixth contact plate connected to first terminals of the sixth P-Group. 14. The contact plate arrangement of claim 13, wherein the first terminals are negative terminals and the second terminals are positive terminals. 15. The contact plate arrangement of claim 13, wherein the first terminals are positive terminals and the second terminals are negative terminals. 16. The contact plate arrangement of claim 13, wherein the sixth contact plate is a negative pole contact plate of the battery module or a positive pole contact plate of the battery module. 17. The contact plate arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:
another contact plate connected to second terminals of the first P-Group. 18. The contact plate arrangement of claim 17, wherein the another contact plate is a positive pole contact plate of the battery module or a negative pole contact plate of the battery module. | 1,600 |
339,836 | 16,800,755 | 1,611 | It is intended to provide a kit or a device for the detection of lung cancer and a method for detecting lung cancer. The present invention provides a kit or a device for the detection of lung cancer, comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to a miRNA in a sample from a subject, and a method for detecting lung cancer, comprising measuring the miRNA in vitro. | 1. A kit for the detection of lung cancer, comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of lung cancer markers miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p, miR-4258, miR-1343-3p, miR-4516, miR-6875-5p, miR-4651, miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-8063, miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-663b, miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975, miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p, miR-5572, miR-3197, miR-6131, miR-6889-5p, miR-4454, miR-1199-5p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675, miR-4472, miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-7977, miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286, miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p, miR-6088, miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p, miR-711, miR-6765-5p, miR-3180, miR-4442, miR-4792, miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p, miR-6126, miR-4758-5p, miR-2392, miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p, miR-4270, miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p, miR-3656, miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3131, miR-4463, miR-3185, miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059, miR-4697-5p, miR-4674, miR-4433-3p, miR-4257, miR-1915-5p, miR-4417, miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-7641, miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p, miR-4467, miR-4726-5p, miR-4648, miR-6089, miR-1260b, miR-4532, miR-5195-3p, miR-3188, miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p, miR-3195, miR-6757-5p, miR-8072, miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p, miR-7150, miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p, miR-614, miR-1225-5p, miR-451a, miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-6073, miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p, miR-1913, miR-1228-3p, miR-940, miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p, miR-548q, miR-663a, miR-1249, miR-1202, miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 and miR-4534. 2. The kit according to claim 1, wherein miR-6768-5p is hsa-miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p is hsa-miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p is hsa-miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p is hsa-miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p is hsa-miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p is hsa-miR-6726-5p, miR-4258 is hsa-miR-4258, miR-1343-3p is hsa-miR-1343-3p, miR-4516 is hsa-miR-4516, miR-6875-5p is hsa-miR-6875-5p, miR-4651 is hsa-miR-4651, miR-6825-5p is hsa-miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p is hsa-miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p is hsa-miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p is hsa-miR-6749-5p, miR-8063 is hsa-miR-8063, miR-6784-5p is hsa-miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p is hsa-miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p is hsa-miR-3184-5p, miR-663b is hsa-miR-663b, miR-6880-5p is hsa-miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p is hsa-miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p is hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975 is hsa-miR-7975, miR-7110-5p is hsa-miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p is hsa-miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p is hsa-miR-6857-5p, miR-5572 is hsa-miR-5572, miR-3197 is hsa-miR-3197, miR-6131 is hsa-miR-6131, miR-6889-5p is hsa-miR-6889-5p, miR-4454 is hsa-miR-4454, miR-1199-5p is hsa-miR-1199-5p, miR-1247-3p is hsa-miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p is hsa-miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p is hsa-miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p is hsa-miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p is hsa-miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p is hsa-miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b is hsa-miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p is hsa-miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675 is hsa-miR-4675, miR-4472 is hsa-miR-4472, miR-6785-5p is hsa-miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p is hsa-miR-6741-5p, miR-7977 is hsa-miR-7977, miR-3665 is hsa-miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p is hsa-miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286 is hsa-miR-4286, miR-6765-3p is hsa-miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p is hsa-miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p is hsa-miR-365a-5p, miR-6088 is hsa-miR-6088, miR-6816-5p is hsa-miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p is hsa-miR-6885-5p, miR-711 is hsa-miR-711, miR-6765-5p is hsa-miR-6765-5p, miR-3180 is hsa-miR-3180, miR-4442 is hsa-miR-4442, miR-4792 is hsa-miR-4792, miR-6721-5p is hsa-miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p is hsa-miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p is hsa-miR-3162-5p, miR-6126 is hsa-miR-6126, miR-4758-5p is hsa-miR-4758-5p, miR-2392 is hsa-miR-2392, miR-486-3p is hsa-miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p is hsa-miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p is hsa-miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p is hsa-miR-6746-5p, miR-4270 is hsa-miR-4270, miR-3940-5p is hsa-miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p is hsa-miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p is hsa-miR-7108-5p, miR-3656 is hsa-miR-3656, miR-6879-5p is hsa-miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p is hsa-miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a is hsa-miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p is hsa-miR-4446-3p, miR-3131 is hsa-miR-3131, miR-4463 is hsa-miR-4463, miR-3185 is hsa-miR-3185, miR-6870-5p is hsa-miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p is hsa-miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p is hsa-miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059 is hsa-miR-8059, miR-4697-5p is hsa-miR-4697-5p, miR-4674 is hsa-miR-4674, miR-4433-3p is hsa-miR-4433-3p, miR-4257 is hsa-miR-4257, miR-1915-5p is hsa-miR-1915-5p, miR-4417 is hsa-miR-4417, miR-1343-5p is hsa-miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p is hsa-miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p is hsa-miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p is hsa-miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p is hsa-miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p is hsa-miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p is hsa-miR-4746-3p, miR-7641 is hsa-miR-7641, miR-7847-3p is hsa-miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p is hsa-miR-6806-5p, miR-4467 is hsa-miR-4467, miR-4726-5p is hsa-miR-4726-5p, miR-4648 is hsa-miR-4648, miR-6089 is hsa-miR-6089, miR-1260b is hsa-miR-1260b, miR-4532 is hsa-miR-4532, miR-5195-3p is hsa-miR-5195-3p, miR-3188 is hsa-miR-3188, miR-6848-5p is hsa-miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p is hsa-miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p is hsa-miR-6717-5p, miR-3195 is hsa-miR-3195, miR-6757-5p is hsa-miR-6757-5p, miR-8072 is hsa-miR-8072, miR-4745-5p is hsa-miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p is hsa-miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p is hsa-miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p is hsa-miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p is hsa-miR-1227-5p, miR-7150 is hsa-miR-7150, miR-1915-3p is hsa-miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p is hsa-miR-187-5p, miR-614 is hsa-miR-614, miR-1225-5p is hsa-miR-1225-5p, miR-451a is hsa-miR-451a, miR-939-5p is hsa-miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p is hsa-miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p is hsa-miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p is hsa-miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p is hsa-miR-22-3p, miR-6073 is hsa-miR-6073, miR-6845-5p is hsa-miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p is hsa-miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p is hsa-miR-4665-3p, miR-1913 is hsa-miR-1913, miR-1228-3p is hsa-miR-1228-3p, miR-940 is hsa-miR-940, miR-296-3p is hsa-miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p is hsa-miR-4690-5p, miR-548q is hsa-miR-548q, miR-663a is hsa-miR-663a, miR-1249 is hsa-miR-1249, miR-1202 is hsa-miR-1202, miR-7113-3p is hsa-miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p is hsa-miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p is hsa-miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 is hsa-miR-4448, and miR-4534 is hsa-miR-4534. 3. The kit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):
(a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578,
(c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d). 4. The kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the kit further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p. 5. The kit according to claim 4, wherein miR-19b-3p is hsa-miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p is hsa-miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p is hsa-miR-1307-3p. 6. The kit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):
(f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579,
(h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i). 7. The kit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the kit further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-4271, miR-642b-3p, miR-6075, miR-6125, miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p, miR-4443, miR-3648, miR-149-3p, miR-4689, miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p, miR-3196, miR-8069, miR-1268a, miR-4739, miR-1268b, miR-5698, miR-6752-5p, miR-4507, miR-564, miR-4497, miR-6877-5p, miR-6087, miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-760, miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-4525, miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-3621, miR-4298, miR-675-5p and miR-4655-5p. 8. The kit according to claim 7, wherein miR-4271 is hsa-miR-4271, miR-642b-3p is hsa-miR-642b-3p, miR-6075 is hsa-miR-6075, miR-6125 is hsa-miR-6125, miR-887-3p is hsa-miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p is hsa-miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p is hsa-miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p is hsa-miR-3928-3p, miR-4443 is hsa-miR-4443, miR-3648 is hsa-miR-3648, miR-149-3p is hsa-miR-149-3p, miR-4689 is hsa-miR-4689, miR-4763-3p is hsa-miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p is hsa-miR-6729-5p, miR-3196 is hsa-miR-3196, miR-8069 is hsa-miR-8069, miR-1268a is hsa-miR-1268a, miR-4739 is hsa-miR-4739, miR-1268b is hsa-miR-1268b, miR-5698 is hsa-miR-5698, miR-6752-5p is hsa-miR-6752-5p, miR-4507 is hsa-miR-4507, miR-564 is hsa-miR-564, miR-4497 is hsa-miR-4497, miR-6877-5p is hsa-miR-6877-5p, miR-6087 is hsa-miR-6087, miR-4731-5p is hsa-miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p is hsa-miR-615-5p, miR-760 is hsa-miR-760, miR-6891-5p is hsa-miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p is hsa-miR-6887-5p, miR-4525 is hsa-miR-4525, miR-1914-3p is hsa-miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p is hsa-miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p is hsa-miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p is hsa-miR-6722-3p, miR-3621 is hsa-miR-3621, miR-4298 is hsa-miR-4298, miR-675-5p is hsa-miR-675-5p, and miR-4655-5p is hsa-miR-4655-5p. 9. The kit according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):
(k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174,
(m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n). 10. The kit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the kit comprises at least two or more nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to at least two or more polynucleotides, respectively, selected from all of the lung cancer markers according to claim 1 or 2. 11. A device for the detection of lung cancer, comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of lung cancer markers miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p, miR-4258, miR-1343-3p, miR-4516, miR-6875-5p, miR-4651, miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-8063, miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-663b, miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975, miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p, miR-5572, miR-3197, miR-6131, miR-6889-5p, miR-4454, miR-1199-5p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675, miR-4472, miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-7977, miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286, miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p, miR-6088, miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p, miR-711, miR-6765-5p, miR-3180, miR-4442, miR-4792, miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p, miR-6126, miR-4758-5p, miR-2392, miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p, miR-4270, miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p, miR-3656, miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3131, miR-4463, miR-3185, miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059, miR-4697-5p, miR-4674, miR-4433-3p, miR-4257, miR-1915-5p, miR-4417, miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-7641, miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p, miR-4467, miR-4726-5p, miR-4648, miR-6089, miR-1260b, miR-4532, miR-5195-3p, miR-3188, miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p, miR-3195, miR-6757-5p, miR-8072, miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p, miR-7150, miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p, miR-614, miR-1225-5p, miR-451a, miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-6073, miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p, miR-1913, miR-1228-3p, miR-940, miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p, miR-548q, miR-663a, miR-1249, miR-1202, miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 and miR-4534. 12. The device according to claim 11, wherein miR-6768-5p is hsa-miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p is hsa-miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p is hsa-miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p is hsa-miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p is hsa-miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p is hsa-miR-6726-5p, miR-4258 is hsa-miR-4258, miR-1343-3p is hsa-miR-1343-3p, miR-4516 is hsa-miR-4516, miR-6875-5p is hsa-miR-6875-5p, miR-4651 is hsa-miR-4651, miR-6825-5p is hsa-miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p is hsa-miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p is hsa-miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p is hsa-miR-6749-5p, miR-8063 is hsa-miR-8063, miR-6784-5p is hsa-miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p is hsa-miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p is hsa-miR-3184-5p, miR-663b is hsa-miR-663b, miR-6880-5p is hsa-miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p is hsa-miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p is hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975 is hsa-miR-7975, miR-7110-5p is hsa-miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p is hsa-miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p is hsa-miR-6857-5p, miR-5572 is hsa-miR-5572, miR-3197 is hsa-miR-3197, miR-6131 is hsa-miR-6131, miR-6889-5p is hsa-miR-6889-5p, miR-4454 is hsa-miR-4454, miR-1199-5p is hsa-miR-199-5p, miR-1247-3p is hsa-miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p is hsa-miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p is hsa-miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p is hsa-miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p is hsa-miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p is hsa-miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b is hsa-miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p is hsa-miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675 is hsa-miR-4675, miR-4472 is hsa-miR-4472, miR-6785-5p is hsa-miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p is hsa-miR-6741-5p, miR-7977 is hsa-miR-7977, miR-3665 is hsa-miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p is hsa-miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286 is hsa-miR-4286, miR-6765-3p is hsa-miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p is hsa-miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p is hsa-miR-365a-5p, miR-6088 is hsa-miR-6088, miR-6816-5p is hsa-miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p is hsa-miR-6885-5p, miR-711 is hsa-miR-711, miR-6765-5p is hsa-miR-6765-5p, miR-3180 is hsa-miR-3180, miR-4442 is hsa-miR-4442, miR-4792 is hsa-miR-4792, miR-6721-5p is hsa-miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p is hsa-miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p is hsa-miR-3162-5p, miR-6126 is hsa-miR-6126, miR-4758-5p is hsa-miR-4758-5p, miR-2392 is hsa-miR-2392, miR-486-3p is hsa-miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p is hsa-miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p is hsa-miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p is hsa-miR-6746-5p, miR-4270 is hsa-miR-4270, miR-3940-5p is hsa-miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p is hsa-miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p is hsa-miR-7108-5p, miR-3656 is hsa-miR-3656, miR-6879-5p is hsa-miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p is hsa-miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a is hsa-miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p is hsa-miR-4446-3p, miR-3131 is hsa-miR-3131, miR-4463 is hsa-miR-4463, miR-3185 is hsa-miR-3185, miR-6870-5p is hsa-miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p is hsa-miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p is hsa-miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059 is hsa-miR-8059, miR-4697-5p is hsa-miR-4697-5p, miR-4674 is hsa-miR-4674, miR-4433-3p is hsa-miR-4433-3p, miR-4257 is hsa-miR-4257, miR-1915-5p is hsa-miR-1915-5p, miR-4417 is hsa-miR-4417, miR-1343-5p is hsa-miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p is hsa-miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p is hsa-miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p is hsa-miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p is hsa-miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p is hsa-miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p is hsa-miR-4746-3p, miR-7641 is hsa-miR-7641, miR-7847-3p is hsa-miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p is hsa-miR-6806-5p, miR-4467 is hsa-miR-4467, miR-4726-5p is hsa-miR-4726-5p, miR-4648 is hsa-miR-4648, miR-6089 is hsa-miR-6089, miR-1260b is hsa-miR-1260b, miR-4532 is hsa-miR-4532, miR-5195-3p is hsa-miR-5195-3p, miR-3188 is hsa-miR-3188, miR-6848-5p is hsa-miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p is hsa-miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p is hsa-miR-6717-5p, miR-3195 is hsa-miR-3195, miR-6757-5p is hsa-miR-6757-5p, miR-8072 is hsa-miR-8072, miR-4745-5p is hsa-miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p is hsa-miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p is hsa-miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p is hsa-miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p is hsa-miR-1227-5p, miR-7150 is hsa-miR-7150, miR-1915-3p is hsa-miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p is hsa-miR-187-5p, miR-614 is hsa-miR-614, miR-1225-5p is hsa-miR-1225-5p, miR-451a is hsa-miR-451a, miR-939-5p is hsa-miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p is hsa-miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p is hsa-miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p is hsa-miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p is hsa-miR-22-3p, miR-6073 is hsa-miR-6073, miR-6845-5p is hsa-miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p is hsa-miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p is hsa-miR-4665-3p, miR-1913 is hsa-miR-1913, miR-1228-3p is hsa-miR-1228-3p, miR-940 is hsa-miR-940, miR-296-3p is hsa-miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p is hsa-miR-4690-5p, miR-548q is hsa-miR-548q, miR-663a is hsa-miR-663a, miR-1249 is hsa-miR-1249, miR-1202 is hsa-miR-1202, miR-7113-13p is hsa-miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p is hsa-miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p is hsa-miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 is hsa-miR-4448, and miR-4534 is hsa-miR-4534. 13. The device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):
(a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578,
(c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d). 14. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the device further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p. 15. The device according to claim 14, wherein miR-19b-3p is hsa-miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p is hsa-miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p is hsa-miR-1307-3p. 16. The device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):
(f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579,
(h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i). 17. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the device further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-4271, miR-642b-3p, miR-6075, miR-6125, miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p, miR-4443, miR-3648, miR-149-3p, miR-4689, miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p, miR-3196, miR-8069, miR-1268a, miR-4739, miR-1268b, miR-5698, miR-6752-5p, miR-4507, miR-564, miR-4497, miR-6877-5p, miR-6087, miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-760, miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-4525, miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-3621, miR-4298, miR-675-5p and miR-4655-5p. 18. The device according to claim 17, wherein miR-4271 is hsa-miR-4271, miR-642b-3p is hsa-miR-642b-3p, miR-6075 is hsa-miR-6075, miR-6125 is hsa-miR-6125, miR-887-3p is hsa-miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p is hsa-miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p is hsa-miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p is hsa-miR-3928-3p, miR-4443 is hsa-miR-4443, miR-3648 is hsa-miR-3648, miR-149-3p is hsa-miR-149-3p, miR-4689 is hsa-miR-4689, miR-4763-3p is hsa-miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p is hsa-miR-6729-5p, miR-3196 is hsa-miR-3196, miR-8069 is hsa-miR-8069, miR-1268a is hsa-miR-1268a, miR-4739 is hsa-miR-4739, miR-1268b is hsa-miR-1268b, miR-5698 is hsa-miR-5698, miR-6752-5p is hsa-miR-6752-5p, miR-4507 is hsa-miR-4507, miR-564 is hsa-miR-564, miR-4497 is hsa-miR-4497, miR-6877-5p is hsa-miR-6877-5p, miR-6087 is hsa-miR-6087, miR-4731-5p is hsa-miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p is hsa-miR-615-5p, miR-760 is hsa-miR-760, miR-6891-5p is hsa-miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p is hsa-miR-6887-5p, miR-4525 is hsa-miR-4525, miR-1914-3p is hsa-miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p is hsa-miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p is hsa-miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p is hsa-miR-6722-3p, miR-3621 is hsa-miR-3621, miR-4298 is hsa-miR-4298, miR-675-5p is hsa-miR-675-5p, and miR-4655-5p is hsa-miR-4655-5p. 19. The device according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):
(k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174,
(m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n). 20. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 19, wherein the device is a device for measurement by a hybridization technique. 21. The device according to claim 20, wherein the hybridization technique is a nucleic acid array technique. 22. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 21, wherein the device comprises at least two or more nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to at least two or more polynucleotides, respectively, selected from all of the lung cancer markers according to claim 11 or 12. 23. A method for detecting lung cancer, comprising measuring an expression level of a target nucleic acid in a sample from a subject using a kit according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a device according to any one of claims 11 to 22, and evaluating in vitro whether or not the subject has lung cancer using both of the measured expression level and a control expression level of in a sample from a healthy subject measured in the same way. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the subject is a human. 25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the sample is blood, serum, or plasma. | It is intended to provide a kit or a device for the detection of lung cancer and a method for detecting lung cancer. The present invention provides a kit or a device for the detection of lung cancer, comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to a miRNA in a sample from a subject, and a method for detecting lung cancer, comprising measuring the miRNA in vitro.1. A kit for the detection of lung cancer, comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of lung cancer markers miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p, miR-4258, miR-1343-3p, miR-4516, miR-6875-5p, miR-4651, miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-8063, miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-663b, miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975, miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p, miR-5572, miR-3197, miR-6131, miR-6889-5p, miR-4454, miR-1199-5p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675, miR-4472, miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-7977, miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286, miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p, miR-6088, miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p, miR-711, miR-6765-5p, miR-3180, miR-4442, miR-4792, miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p, miR-6126, miR-4758-5p, miR-2392, miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p, miR-4270, miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p, miR-3656, miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3131, miR-4463, miR-3185, miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059, miR-4697-5p, miR-4674, miR-4433-3p, miR-4257, miR-1915-5p, miR-4417, miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-7641, miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p, miR-4467, miR-4726-5p, miR-4648, miR-6089, miR-1260b, miR-4532, miR-5195-3p, miR-3188, miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p, miR-3195, miR-6757-5p, miR-8072, miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p, miR-7150, miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p, miR-614, miR-1225-5p, miR-451a, miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-6073, miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p, miR-1913, miR-1228-3p, miR-940, miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p, miR-548q, miR-663a, miR-1249, miR-1202, miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 and miR-4534. 2. The kit according to claim 1, wherein miR-6768-5p is hsa-miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p is hsa-miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p is hsa-miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p is hsa-miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p is hsa-miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p is hsa-miR-6726-5p, miR-4258 is hsa-miR-4258, miR-1343-3p is hsa-miR-1343-3p, miR-4516 is hsa-miR-4516, miR-6875-5p is hsa-miR-6875-5p, miR-4651 is hsa-miR-4651, miR-6825-5p is hsa-miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p is hsa-miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p is hsa-miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p is hsa-miR-6749-5p, miR-8063 is hsa-miR-8063, miR-6784-5p is hsa-miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p is hsa-miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p is hsa-miR-3184-5p, miR-663b is hsa-miR-663b, miR-6880-5p is hsa-miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p is hsa-miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p is hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975 is hsa-miR-7975, miR-7110-5p is hsa-miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p is hsa-miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p is hsa-miR-6857-5p, miR-5572 is hsa-miR-5572, miR-3197 is hsa-miR-3197, miR-6131 is hsa-miR-6131, miR-6889-5p is hsa-miR-6889-5p, miR-4454 is hsa-miR-4454, miR-1199-5p is hsa-miR-1199-5p, miR-1247-3p is hsa-miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p is hsa-miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p is hsa-miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p is hsa-miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p is hsa-miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p is hsa-miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b is hsa-miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p is hsa-miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675 is hsa-miR-4675, miR-4472 is hsa-miR-4472, miR-6785-5p is hsa-miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p is hsa-miR-6741-5p, miR-7977 is hsa-miR-7977, miR-3665 is hsa-miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p is hsa-miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286 is hsa-miR-4286, miR-6765-3p is hsa-miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p is hsa-miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p is hsa-miR-365a-5p, miR-6088 is hsa-miR-6088, miR-6816-5p is hsa-miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p is hsa-miR-6885-5p, miR-711 is hsa-miR-711, miR-6765-5p is hsa-miR-6765-5p, miR-3180 is hsa-miR-3180, miR-4442 is hsa-miR-4442, miR-4792 is hsa-miR-4792, miR-6721-5p is hsa-miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p is hsa-miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p is hsa-miR-3162-5p, miR-6126 is hsa-miR-6126, miR-4758-5p is hsa-miR-4758-5p, miR-2392 is hsa-miR-2392, miR-486-3p is hsa-miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p is hsa-miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p is hsa-miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p is hsa-miR-6746-5p, miR-4270 is hsa-miR-4270, miR-3940-5p is hsa-miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p is hsa-miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p is hsa-miR-7108-5p, miR-3656 is hsa-miR-3656, miR-6879-5p is hsa-miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p is hsa-miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a is hsa-miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p is hsa-miR-4446-3p, miR-3131 is hsa-miR-3131, miR-4463 is hsa-miR-4463, miR-3185 is hsa-miR-3185, miR-6870-5p is hsa-miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p is hsa-miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p is hsa-miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059 is hsa-miR-8059, miR-4697-5p is hsa-miR-4697-5p, miR-4674 is hsa-miR-4674, miR-4433-3p is hsa-miR-4433-3p, miR-4257 is hsa-miR-4257, miR-1915-5p is hsa-miR-1915-5p, miR-4417 is hsa-miR-4417, miR-1343-5p is hsa-miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p is hsa-miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p is hsa-miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p is hsa-miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p is hsa-miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p is hsa-miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p is hsa-miR-4746-3p, miR-7641 is hsa-miR-7641, miR-7847-3p is hsa-miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p is hsa-miR-6806-5p, miR-4467 is hsa-miR-4467, miR-4726-5p is hsa-miR-4726-5p, miR-4648 is hsa-miR-4648, miR-6089 is hsa-miR-6089, miR-1260b is hsa-miR-1260b, miR-4532 is hsa-miR-4532, miR-5195-3p is hsa-miR-5195-3p, miR-3188 is hsa-miR-3188, miR-6848-5p is hsa-miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p is hsa-miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p is hsa-miR-6717-5p, miR-3195 is hsa-miR-3195, miR-6757-5p is hsa-miR-6757-5p, miR-8072 is hsa-miR-8072, miR-4745-5p is hsa-miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p is hsa-miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p is hsa-miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p is hsa-miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p is hsa-miR-1227-5p, miR-7150 is hsa-miR-7150, miR-1915-3p is hsa-miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p is hsa-miR-187-5p, miR-614 is hsa-miR-614, miR-1225-5p is hsa-miR-1225-5p, miR-451a is hsa-miR-451a, miR-939-5p is hsa-miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p is hsa-miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p is hsa-miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p is hsa-miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p is hsa-miR-22-3p, miR-6073 is hsa-miR-6073, miR-6845-5p is hsa-miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p is hsa-miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p is hsa-miR-4665-3p, miR-1913 is hsa-miR-1913, miR-1228-3p is hsa-miR-1228-3p, miR-940 is hsa-miR-940, miR-296-3p is hsa-miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p is hsa-miR-4690-5p, miR-548q is hsa-miR-548q, miR-663a is hsa-miR-663a, miR-1249 is hsa-miR-1249, miR-1202 is hsa-miR-1202, miR-7113-3p is hsa-miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p is hsa-miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p is hsa-miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 is hsa-miR-4448, and miR-4534 is hsa-miR-4534. 3. The kit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):
(a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578,
(c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d). 4. The kit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the kit further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p. 5. The kit according to claim 4, wherein miR-19b-3p is hsa-miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p is hsa-miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p is hsa-miR-1307-3p. 6. The kit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):
(f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579,
(h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i). 7. The kit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the kit further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-4271, miR-642b-3p, miR-6075, miR-6125, miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p, miR-4443, miR-3648, miR-149-3p, miR-4689, miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p, miR-3196, miR-8069, miR-1268a, miR-4739, miR-1268b, miR-5698, miR-6752-5p, miR-4507, miR-564, miR-4497, miR-6877-5p, miR-6087, miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-760, miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-4525, miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-3621, miR-4298, miR-675-5p and miR-4655-5p. 8. The kit according to claim 7, wherein miR-4271 is hsa-miR-4271, miR-642b-3p is hsa-miR-642b-3p, miR-6075 is hsa-miR-6075, miR-6125 is hsa-miR-6125, miR-887-3p is hsa-miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p is hsa-miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p is hsa-miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p is hsa-miR-3928-3p, miR-4443 is hsa-miR-4443, miR-3648 is hsa-miR-3648, miR-149-3p is hsa-miR-149-3p, miR-4689 is hsa-miR-4689, miR-4763-3p is hsa-miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p is hsa-miR-6729-5p, miR-3196 is hsa-miR-3196, miR-8069 is hsa-miR-8069, miR-1268a is hsa-miR-1268a, miR-4739 is hsa-miR-4739, miR-1268b is hsa-miR-1268b, miR-5698 is hsa-miR-5698, miR-6752-5p is hsa-miR-6752-5p, miR-4507 is hsa-miR-4507, miR-564 is hsa-miR-564, miR-4497 is hsa-miR-4497, miR-6877-5p is hsa-miR-6877-5p, miR-6087 is hsa-miR-6087, miR-4731-5p is hsa-miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p is hsa-miR-615-5p, miR-760 is hsa-miR-760, miR-6891-5p is hsa-miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p is hsa-miR-6887-5p, miR-4525 is hsa-miR-4525, miR-1914-3p is hsa-miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p is hsa-miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p is hsa-miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p is hsa-miR-6722-3p, miR-3621 is hsa-miR-3621, miR-4298 is hsa-miR-4298, miR-675-5p is hsa-miR-675-5p, and miR-4655-5p is hsa-miR-4655-5p. 9. The kit according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):
(k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174,
(m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n). 10. The kit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the kit comprises at least two or more nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to at least two or more polynucleotides, respectively, selected from all of the lung cancer markers according to claim 1 or 2. 11. A device for the detection of lung cancer, comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of lung cancer markers miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p, miR-4258, miR-1343-3p, miR-4516, miR-6875-5p, miR-4651, miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p, miR-8063, miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p, miR-663b, miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975, miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p, miR-5572, miR-3197, miR-6131, miR-6889-5p, miR-4454, miR-1199-5p, miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675, miR-4472, miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p, miR-7977, miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286, miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p, miR-6088, miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p, miR-711, miR-6765-5p, miR-3180, miR-4442, miR-4792, miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p, miR-6126, miR-4758-5p, miR-2392, miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p, miR-4270, miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p, miR-3656, miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p, miR-3131, miR-4463, miR-3185, miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059, miR-4697-5p, miR-4674, miR-4433-3p, miR-4257, miR-1915-5p, miR-4417, miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p, miR-7641, miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p, miR-4467, miR-4726-5p, miR-4648, miR-6089, miR-1260b, miR-4532, miR-5195-3p, miR-3188, miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p, miR-3195, miR-6757-5p, miR-8072, miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p, miR-7150, miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p, miR-614, miR-1225-5p, miR-451a, miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-6073, miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p, miR-1913, miR-1228-3p, miR-940, miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p, miR-548q, miR-663a, miR-1249, miR-1202, miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 and miR-4534. 12. The device according to claim 11, wherein miR-6768-5p is hsa-miR-6768-5p, miR-6836-3p is hsa-miR-6836-3p, miR-6782-5p is hsa-miR-6782-5p, miR-3663-3p is hsa-miR-3663-3p, miR-1908-3p is hsa-miR-1908-3p, miR-6726-5p is hsa-miR-6726-5p, miR-4258 is hsa-miR-4258, miR-1343-3p is hsa-miR-1343-3p, miR-4516 is hsa-miR-4516, miR-6875-5p is hsa-miR-6875-5p, miR-4651 is hsa-miR-4651, miR-6825-5p is hsa-miR-6825-5p, miR-6840-3p is hsa-miR-6840-3p, miR-6780b-5p is hsa-miR-6780b-5p, miR-6749-5p is hsa-miR-6749-5p, miR-8063 is hsa-miR-8063, miR-6784-5p is hsa-miR-6784-5p, miR-3679-5p is hsa-miR-3679-5p, miR-3184-5p is hsa-miR-3184-5p, miR-663b is hsa-miR-663b, miR-6880-5p is hsa-miR-6880-5p, miR-1908-5p is hsa-miR-1908-5p, miR-92a-2-5p is hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, miR-7975 is hsa-miR-7975, miR-7110-5p is hsa-miR-7110-5p, miR-6842-5p is hsa-miR-6842-5p, miR-6857-5p is hsa-miR-6857-5p, miR-5572 is hsa-miR-5572, miR-3197 is hsa-miR-3197, miR-6131 is hsa-miR-6131, miR-6889-5p is hsa-miR-6889-5p, miR-4454 is hsa-miR-4454, miR-1199-5p is hsa-miR-199-5p, miR-1247-3p is hsa-miR-1247-3p, miR-6800-5p is hsa-miR-6800-5p, miR-6872-3p is hsa-miR-6872-3p, miR-4649-5p is hsa-miR-4649-5p, miR-6791-5p is hsa-miR-6791-5p, miR-4433b-3p is hsa-miR-4433b-3p, miR-3135b is hsa-miR-3135b, miR-128-2-5p is hsa-miR-128-2-5p, miR-4675 is hsa-miR-4675, miR-4472 is hsa-miR-4472, miR-6785-5p is hsa-miR-6785-5p, miR-6741-5p is hsa-miR-6741-5p, miR-7977 is hsa-miR-7977, miR-3665 is hsa-miR-3665, miR-128-1-5p is hsa-miR-128-1-5p, miR-4286 is hsa-miR-4286, miR-6765-3p is hsa-miR-6765-3p, miR-4632-5p is hsa-miR-4632-5p, miR-365a-5p is hsa-miR-365a-5p, miR-6088 is hsa-miR-6088, miR-6816-5p is hsa-miR-6816-5p, miR-6885-5p is hsa-miR-6885-5p, miR-711 is hsa-miR-711, miR-6765-5p is hsa-miR-6765-5p, miR-3180 is hsa-miR-3180, miR-4442 is hsa-miR-4442, miR-4792 is hsa-miR-4792, miR-6721-5p is hsa-miR-6721-5p, miR-6798-5p is hsa-miR-6798-5p, miR-3162-5p is hsa-miR-3162-5p, miR-6126 is hsa-miR-6126, miR-4758-5p is hsa-miR-4758-5p, miR-2392 is hsa-miR-2392, miR-486-3p is hsa-miR-486-3p, miR-6727-5p is hsa-miR-6727-5p, miR-4728-5p is hsa-miR-4728-5p, miR-6746-5p is hsa-miR-6746-5p, miR-4270 is hsa-miR-4270, miR-3940-5p is hsa-miR-3940-5p, miR-4725-3p is hsa-miR-4725-3p, miR-7108-5p is hsa-miR-7108-5p, miR-3656 is hsa-miR-3656, miR-6879-5p is hsa-miR-6879-5p, miR-6738-5p is hsa-miR-6738-5p, miR-1260a is hsa-miR-1260a, miR-4446-3p is hsa-miR-4446-3p, miR-3131 is hsa-miR-3131, miR-4463 is hsa-miR-4463, miR-3185 is hsa-miR-3185, miR-6870-5p is hsa-miR-6870-5p, miR-6779-5p is hsa-miR-6779-5p, miR-1273g-3p is hsa-miR-1273g-3p, miR-8059 is hsa-miR-8059, miR-4697-5p is hsa-miR-4697-5p, miR-4674 is hsa-miR-4674, miR-4433-3p is hsa-miR-4433-3p, miR-4257 is hsa-miR-4257, miR-1915-5p is hsa-miR-1915-5p, miR-4417 is hsa-miR-4417, miR-1343-5p is hsa-miR-1343-5p, miR-6781-5p is hsa-miR-6781-5p, miR-4695-5p is hsa-miR-4695-5p, miR-1237-5p is hsa-miR-1237-5p, miR-6775-5p is hsa-miR-6775-5p, miR-7845-5p is hsa-miR-7845-5p, miR-4746-3p is hsa-miR-4746-3p, miR-7641 is hsa-miR-7641, miR-7847-3p is hsa-miR-7847-3p, miR-6806-5p is hsa-miR-6806-5p, miR-4467 is hsa-miR-4467, miR-4726-5p is hsa-miR-4726-5p, miR-4648 is hsa-miR-4648, miR-6089 is hsa-miR-6089, miR-1260b is hsa-miR-1260b, miR-4532 is hsa-miR-4532, miR-5195-3p is hsa-miR-5195-3p, miR-3188 is hsa-miR-3188, miR-6848-5p is hsa-miR-6848-5p, miR-1233-5p is hsa-miR-1233-5p, miR-6717-5p is hsa-miR-6717-5p, miR-3195 is hsa-miR-3195, miR-6757-5p is hsa-miR-6757-5p, miR-8072 is hsa-miR-8072, miR-4745-5p is hsa-miR-4745-5p, miR-6511a-5p is hsa-miR-6511a-5p, miR-6776-5p is hsa-miR-6776-5p, miR-371a-5p is hsa-miR-371a-5p, miR-1227-5p is hsa-miR-1227-5p, miR-7150 is hsa-miR-7150, miR-1915-3p is hsa-miR-1915-3p, miR-187-5p is hsa-miR-187-5p, miR-614 is hsa-miR-614, miR-1225-5p is hsa-miR-1225-5p, miR-451a is hsa-miR-451a, miR-939-5p is hsa-miR-939-5p, miR-223-3p is hsa-miR-223-3p, miR-125a-3p is hsa-miR-125a-3p, miR-92b-5p is hsa-miR-92b-5p, miR-22-3p is hsa-miR-22-3p, miR-6073 is hsa-miR-6073, miR-6845-5p is hsa-miR-6845-5p, miR-6769b-5p is hsa-miR-6769b-5p, miR-4665-3p is hsa-miR-4665-3p, miR-1913 is hsa-miR-1913, miR-1228-3p is hsa-miR-1228-3p, miR-940 is hsa-miR-940, miR-296-3p is hsa-miR-296-3p, miR-4690-5p is hsa-miR-4690-5p, miR-548q is hsa-miR-548q, miR-663a is hsa-miR-663a, miR-1249 is hsa-miR-1249, miR-1202 is hsa-miR-1202, miR-7113-13p is hsa-miR-7113-3p, miR-1225-3p is hsa-miR-1225-3p, miR-4783-3p is hsa-miR-4783-3p, miR-4448 is hsa-miR-4448, and miR-4534 is hsa-miR-4534. 13. The device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (a) to (e):
(a) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(b) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578,
(c) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(d) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 125, 127 to 130, 132 to 134, and 561 to 578 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(e) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (a) to (d). 14. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the device further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p. 15. The device according to claim 14, wherein miR-19b-3p is hsa-miR-19b-3p, miR-1228-5p is hsa-miR-1228-5p, and miR-1307-3p is hsa-miR-1307-3p. 16. The device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (f) to (j):
(f) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(g) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579,
(h) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(i) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 126, 131, and 579 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(j) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (f) to (i). 17. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the device further comprises a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to at least one or more polynucleotide(s) selected from the group consisting of other lung cancer markers miR-4271, miR-642b-3p, miR-6075, miR-6125, miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p, miR-4443, miR-3648, miR-149-3p, miR-4689, miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p, miR-3196, miR-8069, miR-1268a, miR-4739, miR-1268b, miR-5698, miR-6752-5p, miR-4507, miR-564, miR-4497, miR-6877-5p, miR-6087, miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p, miR-760, miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p, miR-4525, miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p, miR-3621, miR-4298, miR-675-5p and miR-4655-5p. 18. The device according to claim 17, wherein miR-4271 is hsa-miR-4271, miR-642b-3p is hsa-miR-642b-3p, miR-6075 is hsa-miR-6075, miR-6125 is hsa-miR-6125, miR-887-3p is hsa-miR-887-3p, miR-6851-5p is hsa-miR-6851-5p, miR-6763-5p is hsa-miR-6763-5p, miR-3928-3p is hsa-miR-3928-3p, miR-4443 is hsa-miR-4443, miR-3648 is hsa-miR-3648, miR-149-3p is hsa-miR-149-3p, miR-4689 is hsa-miR-4689, miR-4763-3p is hsa-miR-4763-3p, miR-6729-5p is hsa-miR-6729-5p, miR-3196 is hsa-miR-3196, miR-8069 is hsa-miR-8069, miR-1268a is hsa-miR-1268a, miR-4739 is hsa-miR-4739, miR-1268b is hsa-miR-1268b, miR-5698 is hsa-miR-5698, miR-6752-5p is hsa-miR-6752-5p, miR-4507 is hsa-miR-4507, miR-564 is hsa-miR-564, miR-4497 is hsa-miR-4497, miR-6877-5p is hsa-miR-6877-5p, miR-6087 is hsa-miR-6087, miR-4731-5p is hsa-miR-4731-5p, miR-615-5p is hsa-miR-615-5p, miR-760 is hsa-miR-760, miR-6891-5p is hsa-miR-6891-5p, miR-6887-5p is hsa-miR-6887-5p, miR-4525 is hsa-miR-4525, miR-1914-3p is hsa-miR-1914-3p, miR-619-5p is hsa-miR-619-5p, miR-5001-5p is hsa-miR-5001-5p, miR-6722-3p is hsa-miR-6722-3p, miR-3621 is hsa-miR-3621, miR-4298 is hsa-miR-4298, miR-675-5p is hsa-miR-675-5p, and miR-4655-5p is hsa-miR-4655-5p. 19. The device according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the nucleic acid is a polynucleotide selected from the group consisting of the following polynucleotides (k) to (o):
(k) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(l) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174,
(m) a polynucleotide consisting of a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, a variant thereof, a derivative thereof, or a fragment thereof comprising 15 or more consecutive nucleotides,
(n) a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence complementary to a nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 135 to 174 or a nucleotide sequence derived from the nucleotide sequence by the replacement of u with t, and
(o) a polynucleotide hybridizing under stringent conditions to any of the polynucleotides (k) to (n). 20. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 19, wherein the device is a device for measurement by a hybridization technique. 21. The device according to claim 20, wherein the hybridization technique is a nucleic acid array technique. 22. The device according to any one of claims 11 to 21, wherein the device comprises at least two or more nucleic acids capable of specifically binding to at least two or more polynucleotides, respectively, selected from all of the lung cancer markers according to claim 11 or 12. 23. A method for detecting lung cancer, comprising measuring an expression level of a target nucleic acid in a sample from a subject using a kit according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a device according to any one of claims 11 to 22, and evaluating in vitro whether or not the subject has lung cancer using both of the measured expression level and a control expression level of in a sample from a healthy subject measured in the same way. 24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the subject is a human. 25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the sample is blood, serum, or plasma. | 1,600 |
339,837 | 16,800,795 | 1,611 | An unlock method and system for an air-conditioning unit. The unlock system includes: a display apparatus; an input apparatus; and a control apparatus in communication with the display apparatus and the unlock system is configured to perform the following operations: generating a dynamic graphic according to at least an identification code and an update code; generating an unlock password according to at least a certificate, the identification code and the update code; receiving an unlock password through the input apparatus; comparing the unlock password received from the input apparatus with the generated unlock password; and granting a corresponding permission if the acquired unlock password is consistent with the generated unlock password. | 1. An unlock method for an air-conditioning unit, comprising:
S1: a control apparatus generating a dynamic graphic according to at least an identification code and an update code and presenting the dynamic graphic on a display apparatus, and generating an unlock password according to a certificate, the identification code and the update code; S2: a user terminal device acquiring the dynamic graphic and sending the dynamic graphic to a server; S3: the server decoding the dynamic graphic to obtain at least the identification code and the update code; S4: the server obtaining an unlock password according to a certificate, the identification code and the update code; S5: the server sending the unlock password to the user terminal device; S6: the user terminal device displaying the unlock password; S7: inputting the unlock password through an input device; and S8: the control apparatus comparing the generated unlock password with the input unlock password to judge whether to grant a corresponding permission. 2. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the update code is regenerated according to one of the following conditions: a predetermined time has expired, or a manual refresh request is received. 3. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic graphic comprises a QR code, a bar code, a numeral, a letter, or a combination thereof. 4. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the user terminal device acquires the dynamic graphic through an optical input device or by manual input of the user. 5. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the update code comprises a randomly generated character string. 6. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the certificate is a share certificate stored in the server and the control apparatus, and an algorithm for the control apparatus to generate the unlock password in step S1 is the same as an algorithm for the server to generate the unlock password in step S5. 7. The unlock method according to claim 6, wherein the algorithm comprises an irreversible hash algorithm. 8. The unlock method according to claim 6, wherein the server stores a series of identification codes and certificates corresponding to the identification codes, and in step S4, the server looks for a certificate corresponding to the identification code according to the identification code. 9. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the identification code comprises a MAC address. 10. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the step of granting a corresponding permission to the user comprises granting a control or debugging permission of the air-conditioning unit in a predetermined time. 11. An unlock system for an air-conditioning unit, comprising:
a display apparatus; an input apparatus in communication with the display apparatus; and a control apparatus configured to perform the following operations: generating a dynamic graphic according to at least an identification code and an update code; generating an unlock password according to at least a certificate, the identification code and the update code; receiving an unlock password through the input apparatus; comparing the unlock password received from the input apparatus with the generated unlock password; and granting a corresponding permission if the acquired unlock password is consistent with the generated unlock password. 12. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the control apparatus regenerates the update code according to one of the following conditions: a predetermined time has expired, or a manual refresh request is received. 13. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the dynamic graphic comprises a QR code, a bar code, a numeral, a letter, or a combination thereof. 14. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the update code comprises a randomly generated character string. 15. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the control apparatus generates the unlock password according to an irreversible hash algorithm. 16. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the identification code comprises a MAC address. 17. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the granting a corresponding permission to the user comprises granting a control or debugging permission of the air-conditioning unit in a predetermined time. 18. The unlock system according to claim 17, wherein the operation of granting a corresponding permission to the user comprises displaying content and a page corresponding to the permission on the display apparatus. 19. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the display apparatus comprises a touch screen. 20. The unlock system according to claim 19, wherein the input apparatus comprises a physical keyboard or a virtual keyboard located on the touch screen. | An unlock method and system for an air-conditioning unit. The unlock system includes: a display apparatus; an input apparatus; and a control apparatus in communication with the display apparatus and the unlock system is configured to perform the following operations: generating a dynamic graphic according to at least an identification code and an update code; generating an unlock password according to at least a certificate, the identification code and the update code; receiving an unlock password through the input apparatus; comparing the unlock password received from the input apparatus with the generated unlock password; and granting a corresponding permission if the acquired unlock password is consistent with the generated unlock password.1. An unlock method for an air-conditioning unit, comprising:
S1: a control apparatus generating a dynamic graphic according to at least an identification code and an update code and presenting the dynamic graphic on a display apparatus, and generating an unlock password according to a certificate, the identification code and the update code; S2: a user terminal device acquiring the dynamic graphic and sending the dynamic graphic to a server; S3: the server decoding the dynamic graphic to obtain at least the identification code and the update code; S4: the server obtaining an unlock password according to a certificate, the identification code and the update code; S5: the server sending the unlock password to the user terminal device; S6: the user terminal device displaying the unlock password; S7: inputting the unlock password through an input device; and S8: the control apparatus comparing the generated unlock password with the input unlock password to judge whether to grant a corresponding permission. 2. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the update code is regenerated according to one of the following conditions: a predetermined time has expired, or a manual refresh request is received. 3. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic graphic comprises a QR code, a bar code, a numeral, a letter, or a combination thereof. 4. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the user terminal device acquires the dynamic graphic through an optical input device or by manual input of the user. 5. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the update code comprises a randomly generated character string. 6. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the certificate is a share certificate stored in the server and the control apparatus, and an algorithm for the control apparatus to generate the unlock password in step S1 is the same as an algorithm for the server to generate the unlock password in step S5. 7. The unlock method according to claim 6, wherein the algorithm comprises an irreversible hash algorithm. 8. The unlock method according to claim 6, wherein the server stores a series of identification codes and certificates corresponding to the identification codes, and in step S4, the server looks for a certificate corresponding to the identification code according to the identification code. 9. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the identification code comprises a MAC address. 10. The unlock method according to claim 1, wherein the step of granting a corresponding permission to the user comprises granting a control or debugging permission of the air-conditioning unit in a predetermined time. 11. An unlock system for an air-conditioning unit, comprising:
a display apparatus; an input apparatus in communication with the display apparatus; and a control apparatus configured to perform the following operations: generating a dynamic graphic according to at least an identification code and an update code; generating an unlock password according to at least a certificate, the identification code and the update code; receiving an unlock password through the input apparatus; comparing the unlock password received from the input apparatus with the generated unlock password; and granting a corresponding permission if the acquired unlock password is consistent with the generated unlock password. 12. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the control apparatus regenerates the update code according to one of the following conditions: a predetermined time has expired, or a manual refresh request is received. 13. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the dynamic graphic comprises a QR code, a bar code, a numeral, a letter, or a combination thereof. 14. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the update code comprises a randomly generated character string. 15. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the control apparatus generates the unlock password according to an irreversible hash algorithm. 16. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the identification code comprises a MAC address. 17. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the granting a corresponding permission to the user comprises granting a control or debugging permission of the air-conditioning unit in a predetermined time. 18. The unlock system according to claim 17, wherein the operation of granting a corresponding permission to the user comprises displaying content and a page corresponding to the permission on the display apparatus. 19. The unlock system according to claim 11, wherein the display apparatus comprises a touch screen. 20. The unlock system according to claim 19, wherein the input apparatus comprises a physical keyboard or a virtual keyboard located on the touch screen. | 1,600 |
339,838 | 16,800,759 | 1,611 | This surface-coated cutting tool is a surface-coated cutting tool having a hard coating layer formed on a surface of a tool body in which the hard coating layer includes at least one orientational Ti compound layer made of a rock salt-type cubic crystal structure containing 35 at % or more of Ti and 30 at % or more of N, a maximum TC value (TC max) is 2.5 or more, and, in the case of measuring crystal orientations, in a plane parallel to the surface of the tool body, of crystal grains for which a plane having the maximum TC value is perpendicular to the surface of the tool body, a full width at half maximum of ϕ scan is 30° or less. | 1. A surface-coated cutting tool comprising:
a tool body made of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide or a titanium carbonitride-based cermet; and a hard coating layer having a total layer thickness of 1 μm or more and 25 μm or less formed on a surface of the tool body, wherein (a) the hard coating layer includes at least one orientational Ti compound layer which is made of a rock salt-type cubic crystal structure and which has an average layer thickness of 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, (b) the orientational Ti compound layer contains 35 at % or more of Ti and 30 at % or more of N with respect to a total amount of components configuring the orientational Ti compound, (c) a maximum TC value (TC max) is 2.5 or more at the time of carrying out an X-ray diffraction analysis (2θ-θ scan) on the orientational Ti compound layer and computing individual TC values of seven planes of (111), (200), (220), (311), (331), (420), and (422), and (d) in the case of measuring crystal orientations, in a plane parallel to the surface, of the tool body of crystal grains for which a plane exhibiting the maximum TC value is perpendicular to the surface of the tool body using an X-ray pole figure of the (200) plane in a case where the plane having the maximum TC value of the orientational Ti compound layer is a plane other than (200) or an X-ray pole figure of the (111) plane in a case where the plane having the maximum TC value is (200), a full width at half maximum of ϕ scan is 30° or less. 2. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1,
wherein the hard coating layer includes, in addition to the orientational Ti compound layer, one or more layers of a nitride layer of Ti, a carbonitride layer of Ti, and a complex nitride layer of Ti and Al. 3. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on a part or all of the surface of the tool body. 4. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. 5. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 2,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on a part or all of the surface of the tool body. 6. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 2,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. 7. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 3,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. 8. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 5,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. | This surface-coated cutting tool is a surface-coated cutting tool having a hard coating layer formed on a surface of a tool body in which the hard coating layer includes at least one orientational Ti compound layer made of a rock salt-type cubic crystal structure containing 35 at % or more of Ti and 30 at % or more of N, a maximum TC value (TC max) is 2.5 or more, and, in the case of measuring crystal orientations, in a plane parallel to the surface of the tool body, of crystal grains for which a plane having the maximum TC value is perpendicular to the surface of the tool body, a full width at half maximum of ϕ scan is 30° or less.1. A surface-coated cutting tool comprising:
a tool body made of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide or a titanium carbonitride-based cermet; and a hard coating layer having a total layer thickness of 1 μm or more and 25 μm or less formed on a surface of the tool body, wherein (a) the hard coating layer includes at least one orientational Ti compound layer which is made of a rock salt-type cubic crystal structure and which has an average layer thickness of 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, (b) the orientational Ti compound layer contains 35 at % or more of Ti and 30 at % or more of N with respect to a total amount of components configuring the orientational Ti compound, (c) a maximum TC value (TC max) is 2.5 or more at the time of carrying out an X-ray diffraction analysis (2θ-θ scan) on the orientational Ti compound layer and computing individual TC values of seven planes of (111), (200), (220), (311), (331), (420), and (422), and (d) in the case of measuring crystal orientations, in a plane parallel to the surface, of the tool body of crystal grains for which a plane exhibiting the maximum TC value is perpendicular to the surface of the tool body using an X-ray pole figure of the (200) plane in a case where the plane having the maximum TC value of the orientational Ti compound layer is a plane other than (200) or an X-ray pole figure of the (111) plane in a case where the plane having the maximum TC value is (200), a full width at half maximum of ϕ scan is 30° or less. 2. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1,
wherein the hard coating layer includes, in addition to the orientational Ti compound layer, one or more layers of a nitride layer of Ti, a carbonitride layer of Ti, and a complex nitride layer of Ti and Al. 3. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on a part or all of the surface of the tool body. 4. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 1,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. 5. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 2,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on a part or all of the surface of the tool body. 6. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 2,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. 7. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 3,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. 8. The surface-coated cutting tool according to claim 5,
wherein the hard coating layer is formed on at least a flank face on the surface of the tool body. | 1,600 |
339,839 | 16,800,769 | 1,611 | A gaming system includes at least one input device adapted to receive a physical item associated with a monetary value that establishes a credit balance, an input indicative of a wager drawn on the credit balance for a wagering game, and a cashout input that initiates a payout from the credit balance. In response to a wager input, a wagering game is initiated that includes the spinning and stopping of a set of bonus reels through a plurality of bonus spins populating a bonus array with bonus symbols. The bonus reels comprise a combination of symbols reducing display processing requirements and improve mapping random numbers to displayed symbols for display during bonus spins having reduced durations. When completed, an award is determined based according to values associated with less than all of the bonus symbols displayed in a bonus outcome array. | 1. A gaming system comprising:
a gaming machine including an electronic display device, the electronic display device configured to display a primary array of primary symbol positions and a secondary array of secondary symbol positions, the primary array being distinct from the secondary array, the primary symbol positions being associated with the secondary symbol positions; and game-logic circuitry configured to perform the operations of:
spinning and stopping symbol-bearing reels through one or more spins;
populating at least one of the primary positions of the primary array with a value-bearing symbol from the stopped reels, the value-bearing symbol bearing a value;
populating at least one of the secondary positions of the secondary array with a modifier symbol, the modifier symbol being associated with a modifier;
in response to the one of the primary positions being associated with the one of the secondary positions, modifying the value of the value-bearing symbol by the modifier; and
providing an award including the modified value. 2. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the spinning and stopping operation is in response to a trigger event in a base game of a casino wagering game. 3. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying, by the modifier, the respective value of each value-bearing symbol that is in any of the primary positions associated with the one of the secondary positions. 4. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; wherein the operation of populating at least of the secondary positions includes populating a plurality of the secondary positions of the secondary array with respective modifier symbols, each modifier symbol being associated with a respective modifier; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the respective value of each value-bearing symbol by the respective modifier of each modifier symbol that is in a secondary position associated with the primary position of the value-bearing symbol. 5. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each spin decrements a spin counter from an initial value, and wherein a reset event occurring during the spins resets the spin counter to the initial value. 6. The gaming system of claim 5, wherein the reset event is a new occurrence of the value-bearing symbol in the primary array. 7. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each primary symbol position is associated with a respective one of the symbol-bearing reels. 8. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the value-bearing symbol is held in place through the one or more spins. 9. The gaming system of claim 1, further including the operation of spinning and stopping a secondary reel that bears the modifier symbol. 10. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the primary positions are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns, and wherein each of the secondary symbol positions is associated with a respective one of the rows. 11. A method of operating a gaming system, the gaming system including an electronic display device and game-logic circuitry, the method comprising the operations of:
displaying, on the electronic display device, a primary array of primary symbol positions and a secondary array of secondary symbol positions, the primary array being distinct from the secondary array, the primary symbol positions being associated with the secondary symbol positions, spinning and stopping symbol-bearing reels through one or more spins; populating at least one of the primary positions of the primary array with a value-bearing symbol from the stopped reels, the value-bearing symbol bearing a value; populating at least one of the secondary positions of the secondary array with a modifier symbol, the modifier symbol being associated with a modifier; in response to the one of the primary positions being associated with the one of the secondary positions, modifying, by the game-logic circuitry, the value of the value-bearing symbol by the modifier; and providing, by the game-logic circuitry, an award including the modified value. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying, by the modifier, the respective value of each value-bearing symbol that is in any of the primary positions associated with the one of the secondary positions. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; wherein the operation of populating at least of the secondary positions includes populating a plurality of the secondary positions of the secondary array with respective modifier symbols, each modifier symbol being associated with a respective modifier; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the respective value of each value-bearing symbol by the respective modifier of each modifier symbol that is in a secondary position associated with the primary position of the value-bearing symbol. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein each spin decrements a spin counter from an initial value, and wherein a reset event occurring during the spins resets the spin counter to the initial value, the reset event being a new occurrence of the value-bearing symbol in the primary array. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the value-bearing symbol is held in place through the one or more spins. 16. The method of claim 11, further including the operation of spinning and stopping a secondary reel that bears the modifier symbol. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the primary positions are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns, and wherein each of the secondary symbol positions is associated with a respective one of the rows. 18. A method of operating a gaming system, the gaming system including an electronic display device and game-logic circuitry, the method comprising the operations of:
displaying, on the electronic display device, a primary array of primary symbol positions and a secondary array of secondary symbol positions, the primary array being distinct from the secondary array, randomly generating a value-bearing symbol to populate at least one of the primary symbol positions of the primary array, the value-bearing symbol bearing a value; randomly generating a modifier symbol to populate at least one of the secondary symbol positions of the secondary array, the modifier symbol being associated with a modifier; modifying, by the game-logic circuitry, the value of the value-bearing symbol by the modifier; and providing, by the game-logic circuitry, an award including the modified value. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the primary positions of the primary array include first and second positions; wherein the operation of randomly generating a value-bearing symbol includes randomly generating first and second value-bearing symbols to populate the respective first and second positions, the first value-bearing symbol bearing a first value, the second value-bearing symbol bearing a second value; wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the first value, but not the second value, by the modifier; and wherein the providing operation includes providing an award including the second value and the modified first value. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the primary positions of the primary array include first and second primary positions, and the secondary positions of the secondary array include first and second secondary positions; wherein the operation of randomly generating a value-bearing symbol includes randomly generating first and second value-bearing symbols to populate the respective first and second primary positions, the first value-bearing symbol bearing a first value, the second value-bearing symbol bearing a second value; wherein the operation of randomly generating a modifier symbol includes randomly generating first and second modifier symbols to populate the respective first and second secondary positions, the first modifier symbol being associated with a first modifier, the second modifier symbol being associated with a second modifier; wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the first value, but not the second value, by the first modifier, and modifying the second value, but not the first value, by the second modifier; and wherein the providing operation includes providing an award including the first modified value and the second modified value. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the modifying operation is in response to the one of the primary positions being associated with the one of the secondary positions. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the primary positions are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns, each of the secondary symbol positions being associated with a respective one of the rows. 23. The method of claim 18, wherein the value is a credit amount, and the modifier is a multiplier. | A gaming system includes at least one input device adapted to receive a physical item associated with a monetary value that establishes a credit balance, an input indicative of a wager drawn on the credit balance for a wagering game, and a cashout input that initiates a payout from the credit balance. In response to a wager input, a wagering game is initiated that includes the spinning and stopping of a set of bonus reels through a plurality of bonus spins populating a bonus array with bonus symbols. The bonus reels comprise a combination of symbols reducing display processing requirements and improve mapping random numbers to displayed symbols for display during bonus spins having reduced durations. When completed, an award is determined based according to values associated with less than all of the bonus symbols displayed in a bonus outcome array.1. A gaming system comprising:
a gaming machine including an electronic display device, the electronic display device configured to display a primary array of primary symbol positions and a secondary array of secondary symbol positions, the primary array being distinct from the secondary array, the primary symbol positions being associated with the secondary symbol positions; and game-logic circuitry configured to perform the operations of:
spinning and stopping symbol-bearing reels through one or more spins;
populating at least one of the primary positions of the primary array with a value-bearing symbol from the stopped reels, the value-bearing symbol bearing a value;
populating at least one of the secondary positions of the secondary array with a modifier symbol, the modifier symbol being associated with a modifier;
in response to the one of the primary positions being associated with the one of the secondary positions, modifying the value of the value-bearing symbol by the modifier; and
providing an award including the modified value. 2. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the spinning and stopping operation is in response to a trigger event in a base game of a casino wagering game. 3. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying, by the modifier, the respective value of each value-bearing symbol that is in any of the primary positions associated with the one of the secondary positions. 4. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; wherein the operation of populating at least of the secondary positions includes populating a plurality of the secondary positions of the secondary array with respective modifier symbols, each modifier symbol being associated with a respective modifier; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the respective value of each value-bearing symbol by the respective modifier of each modifier symbol that is in a secondary position associated with the primary position of the value-bearing symbol. 5. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each spin decrements a spin counter from an initial value, and wherein a reset event occurring during the spins resets the spin counter to the initial value. 6. The gaming system of claim 5, wherein the reset event is a new occurrence of the value-bearing symbol in the primary array. 7. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each primary symbol position is associated with a respective one of the symbol-bearing reels. 8. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the value-bearing symbol is held in place through the one or more spins. 9. The gaming system of claim 1, further including the operation of spinning and stopping a secondary reel that bears the modifier symbol. 10. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the primary positions are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns, and wherein each of the secondary symbol positions is associated with a respective one of the rows. 11. A method of operating a gaming system, the gaming system including an electronic display device and game-logic circuitry, the method comprising the operations of:
displaying, on the electronic display device, a primary array of primary symbol positions and a secondary array of secondary symbol positions, the primary array being distinct from the secondary array, the primary symbol positions being associated with the secondary symbol positions, spinning and stopping symbol-bearing reels through one or more spins; populating at least one of the primary positions of the primary array with a value-bearing symbol from the stopped reels, the value-bearing symbol bearing a value; populating at least one of the secondary positions of the secondary array with a modifier symbol, the modifier symbol being associated with a modifier; in response to the one of the primary positions being associated with the one of the secondary positions, modifying, by the game-logic circuitry, the value of the value-bearing symbol by the modifier; and providing, by the game-logic circuitry, an award including the modified value. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying, by the modifier, the respective value of each value-bearing symbol that is in any of the primary positions associated with the one of the secondary positions. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the operation of populating at least one of the primary positions includes populating a plurality of the primary positions of the primary array with respective value-bearing symbols from the stopped reels, each value-bearing symbol bearing a respective value; wherein the operation of populating at least of the secondary positions includes populating a plurality of the secondary positions of the secondary array with respective modifier symbols, each modifier symbol being associated with a respective modifier; and wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the respective value of each value-bearing symbol by the respective modifier of each modifier symbol that is in a secondary position associated with the primary position of the value-bearing symbol. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein each spin decrements a spin counter from an initial value, and wherein a reset event occurring during the spins resets the spin counter to the initial value, the reset event being a new occurrence of the value-bearing symbol in the primary array. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the value-bearing symbol is held in place through the one or more spins. 16. The method of claim 11, further including the operation of spinning and stopping a secondary reel that bears the modifier symbol. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the primary positions are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns, and wherein each of the secondary symbol positions is associated with a respective one of the rows. 18. A method of operating a gaming system, the gaming system including an electronic display device and game-logic circuitry, the method comprising the operations of:
displaying, on the electronic display device, a primary array of primary symbol positions and a secondary array of secondary symbol positions, the primary array being distinct from the secondary array, randomly generating a value-bearing symbol to populate at least one of the primary symbol positions of the primary array, the value-bearing symbol bearing a value; randomly generating a modifier symbol to populate at least one of the secondary symbol positions of the secondary array, the modifier symbol being associated with a modifier; modifying, by the game-logic circuitry, the value of the value-bearing symbol by the modifier; and providing, by the game-logic circuitry, an award including the modified value. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the primary positions of the primary array include first and second positions; wherein the operation of randomly generating a value-bearing symbol includes randomly generating first and second value-bearing symbols to populate the respective first and second positions, the first value-bearing symbol bearing a first value, the second value-bearing symbol bearing a second value; wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the first value, but not the second value, by the modifier; and wherein the providing operation includes providing an award including the second value and the modified first value. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the primary positions of the primary array include first and second primary positions, and the secondary positions of the secondary array include first and second secondary positions; wherein the operation of randomly generating a value-bearing symbol includes randomly generating first and second value-bearing symbols to populate the respective first and second primary positions, the first value-bearing symbol bearing a first value, the second value-bearing symbol bearing a second value; wherein the operation of randomly generating a modifier symbol includes randomly generating first and second modifier symbols to populate the respective first and second secondary positions, the first modifier symbol being associated with a first modifier, the second modifier symbol being associated with a second modifier; wherein the modifying operation includes modifying the first value, but not the second value, by the first modifier, and modifying the second value, but not the first value, by the second modifier; and wherein the providing operation includes providing an award including the first modified value and the second modified value. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the modifying operation is in response to the one of the primary positions being associated with the one of the secondary positions. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the primary positions are arranged in a plurality of rows and columns, each of the secondary symbol positions being associated with a respective one of the rows. 23. The method of claim 18, wherein the value is a credit amount, and the modifier is a multiplier. | 1,600 |
339,840 | 16,800,778 | 1,611 | An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle comprises: a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas. | 1. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; and the importance set section raises the importance level set for each of the areas as a speed of the vehicle increases, and lowers the importance level set for each of the areas as the speed of the vehicle decreases. 2. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; the division section is configured to divide the captured image captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle into the plurality of areas at least on a central side and a left-and-right side in a traveling route of the vehicle; and the importance set section raises the importance levels on the left-and-right side of the vehicle in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area as the speed of the vehicle increases. 3. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; and the importance set section changes the importance level set for each of the areas in response to an arrival of the vehicle at a specific position. 4. The image processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein:
the captured image is sequentially captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle; the division section is configured to divide the captured image into the plurality of areas at least on the central side and the left-and-right side in the traveling route of the vehicle; and the importance set section raises the importance levels on the left-and-right side of the vehicle in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area in response to an arrival of the vehicle at an intersection. 5. An image processing apparatus include in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; the division section is configured to divide the captured image captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle into the plurality of areas at least along a left-and-right direction of the vehicle; and the importance set section sets a higher importance level on a side opposite to a steering direction of the vehicle than on a side of the steering direction in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area. 6. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; the division section is configured to divide the captured image captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle into the plurality of areas at least on the central side and the left-and-right side in the traveling route of the vehicle; and the importance set section raises the importance levels on the left-and-right side of the vehicle in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area in response to a stop of the vehicle. 7. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the compression section is configured to compress the captured image using interframe prediction; the compression section compresses, with a difference between a plurality of frames set to zero, the captured image in the area for which lowest importance level is set in importance levels settable by the importance set section; and the compression section compresses the captured image in the area for which the importance level higher than the lowest importance level is set in the importance levels settable by the importance set section such that the interframe prediction becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers. 8. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the compression section compresses the captured image using interframe prediction such that the interframe prediction for the captured image becomes simpler as the importance level set by the importance set section for the corresponding area lowers. 9. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the division section is configured to divide the captured image into the plurality of areas at least along a vertical direction; and the importance set section sets a lower importance level for an area on a zenith side of the areas than an area on a ground side. 10. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a transmission section that is configured to transmit a compressed captured image compressed by the compression section to a device outside the image processing apparatus, wherein: the importance set section temporarily lowers the importance level set for each of the areas until a communication rate of the transmission section returns to a threshold or higher in response to that the communication rate is lower than the threshold. 11. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the compression section includes an interframe prediction section performing interframe prediction, and compresses the captured image based on the interframe prediction; and the compression section that changes modes of interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level set for the corresponding area. 12. The image processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:
the compression section change a range of a block size of the interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level. 13. The image processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:
the compression section change a motion compensation target direction of the interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level. 14. The image processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:
the compression section change a range of a previous frame reference of the interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level. | An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle comprises: a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas.1. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; and the importance set section raises the importance level set for each of the areas as a speed of the vehicle increases, and lowers the importance level set for each of the areas as the speed of the vehicle decreases. 2. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; the division section is configured to divide the captured image captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle into the plurality of areas at least on a central side and a left-and-right side in a traveling route of the vehicle; and the importance set section raises the importance levels on the left-and-right side of the vehicle in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area as the speed of the vehicle increases. 3. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; and the importance set section changes the importance level set for each of the areas in response to an arrival of the vehicle at a specific position. 4. The image processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein:
the captured image is sequentially captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle; the division section is configured to divide the captured image into the plurality of areas at least on the central side and the left-and-right side in the traveling route of the vehicle; and the importance set section raises the importance levels on the left-and-right side of the vehicle in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area in response to an arrival of the vehicle at an intersection. 5. An image processing apparatus include in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; the division section is configured to divide the captured image captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle into the plurality of areas at least along a left-and-right direction of the vehicle; and the importance set section sets a higher importance level on a side opposite to a steering direction of the vehicle than on a side of the steering direction in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area. 6. An image processing apparatus included in a vehicle, the apparatus comprising:
a division section that is configured to divide into a plurality of areas, a captured image sequentially captured by an imaging device that captures images around the vehicle; an importance set section that is configured to set an importance level for each of the areas; and a compression section that is configured to compress the captured image for each of the areas, wherein: the compression portion performs a compression process for the captured image, and the compression process becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers; the division section is configured to divide the captured image captured by the imaging device in front of the vehicle into the plurality of areas at least on the central side and the left-and-right side in the traveling route of the vehicle; and the importance set section raises the importance levels on the left-and-right side of the vehicle in the importance levels each set for the corresponding area in response to a stop of the vehicle. 7. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the compression section is configured to compress the captured image using interframe prediction; the compression section compresses, with a difference between a plurality of frames set to zero, the captured image in the area for which lowest importance level is set in importance levels settable by the importance set section; and the compression section compresses the captured image in the area for which the importance level higher than the lowest importance level is set in the importance levels settable by the importance set section such that the interframe prediction becomes simpler as the importance level set for the corresponding area lowers. 8. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the compression section compresses the captured image using interframe prediction such that the interframe prediction for the captured image becomes simpler as the importance level set by the importance set section for the corresponding area lowers. 9. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the division section is configured to divide the captured image into the plurality of areas at least along a vertical direction; and the importance set section sets a lower importance level for an area on a zenith side of the areas than an area on a ground side. 10. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a transmission section that is configured to transmit a compressed captured image compressed by the compression section to a device outside the image processing apparatus, wherein: the importance set section temporarily lowers the importance level set for each of the areas until a communication rate of the transmission section returns to a threshold or higher in response to that the communication rate is lower than the threshold. 11. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the compression section includes an interframe prediction section performing interframe prediction, and compresses the captured image based on the interframe prediction; and the compression section that changes modes of interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level set for the corresponding area. 12. The image processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:
the compression section change a range of a block size of the interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level. 13. The image processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:
the compression section change a motion compensation target direction of the interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level. 14. The image processing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein:
the compression section change a range of a previous frame reference of the interframe prediction in accordance with the importance level. | 1,600 |
339,841 | 16,800,790 | 1,611 | A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle includes a GNSS with an antenna. The GNSS unit is configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit. A mount is configured to couple the GNSS unit to a rigid member of the construction vehicle. The mount is configured to couple the GNSS unit to the rigid member so that the antenna is arranged in a known spatial relationship with a pivot point between the rigid member and the implement. A mobile controller is configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and an angle sensor that is configured to determine rotation of the implement. The mobile controller is configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, and to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame. | 1. A system for tracking a position of a cutting edge on a bucket of an excavator, the bucket coupled to the excavator at a pivot point between a stick of the excavator and the bucket, a hydraulic mechanism coupled to the stick and configured to provide rotational movement of the bucket, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) coupled to the bucket and configured to determine rotation of the bucket, the system comprising:
a survey pole coupled to the stick; a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit coupled to the survey pole, the survey pole arranged relative to the stick so that the GNSS unit remains free from contact with any part of the excavator, the bucket, or the stick during a full range of motion of the stick, the GNSS unit including an antenna arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the stick of the excavator and the bucket, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and the IMU, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the bucket from the IMU, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the cutting edge of the bucket in a real world coordinate frame. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the survey pole includes an upper portion of a grade rod that has been removably detached from a lower portion of the grade rod and the survey pole does not include a tip. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the GNSS unit includes a GNSS receiver. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 5. A system for tracking a position of a cutting edge on a bucket of a skidsteer, the bucket coupled to the skidsteer at a pivot point between arms of the skidsteer and the bucket, a hydraulic mechanism coupled to the arms and configured to provide rotational movement of the bucket, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) coupled to the bucket and configured to determine rotation of the bucket, the system comprising:
a survey pole coupled to one of the arms of the skidsteer; a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit coupled to the survey pole, the survey pole arranged relative to the arms of the skidsteer so that the GNSS unit remains free from contact with any part of the skidsteer, the bucket, or the arms during a full range of motion of the arms, the GNSS unit including an antenna arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the arms of the skidsteer and the bucket, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and the IMU, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the bucket from the IMU, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the cutting edge of the bucket in a real world coordinate frame. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the survey pole includes an upper portion of a grade rod that has been removably detached from a lower portion of the grade rod and the survey pole does not include a tip. 7. The system of claim 5 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 8. A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle, the implement coupled to the construction vehicle at a pivot point between a rigid member of the construction vehicle and the implement, a hydraulic mechanism coupled to the rigid member and configured to provide rotational movement of the implement, an angle sensor coupled to the implement and configured to determine rotation of the implement, the system comprising:
a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit coupled to a mount on the rigid member, the mount arranged relative to the rigid member so that the GNSS unit remains free from contact with any part of the construction vehicle, the implement, or the rigid member during a full range of motion of the rigid member, the GNSS unit arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the rigid member of the construction vehicle and the implement, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position, a tilt, and a heading of the GNSS unit; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to receive the position, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein the construction vehicle is an excavator. 10. The system of claim 8 wherein the construction vehicle is a skidsteer. 11. The system of claim 8 wherein the implement includes a bucket. 12. The system of claim 8 wherein the rigid member includes a stick of an excavator. 13. The system of claim 8 wherein the rigid member includes arms of a skidsteer. 14. The system of claim 8 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 15. The system of claim 8 wherein the angle sensor includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU). 16. The system of claim 8 wherein the mount is a mounting mechanism, and the system further comprises a survey pole coupled to the mounting mechanism, wherein the GNSS unit is coupled to the survey pole. 17. A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle, the system comprising:
a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit including an antenna, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; a mount configured to couple the GNSS unit to a rigid member of the construction vehicle, the rigid member coupling the implement to the construction vehicle and the rigid member coupled to the implement at a pivot point between the rigid member and the implement, the mount configured to couple the GNSS unit to the rigid member so that the antenna is arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the rigid member and the implement; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and an angle sensor, the angle sensor configured to determine rotation of the implement, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame. 18. The system of 17 further comprising a survey pole, wherein the mount is a mounting mechanism configured so that the survey pole can be rigidly attached to the mounting mechanism and so that the survey pole can be detached from the mounting mechanism, and wherein the mounting mechanism is configured so that when the survey pole is attached to the mounting mechanism, the antenna of the GNSS unit is arranged in approximately the known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the rigid member and the implement. 19. The system of 17 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 20. The system of 17 wherein the angle sensor includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU). 21. A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle, the system comprising:
a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit including an antenna, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; a mount configured to couple the GNSS unit to a rigid member of the construction vehicle, the rigid member coupling the implement to the construction vehicle and the rigid member coupled to the implement at a pivot point between the rigid member and the implement; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and an angle sensor, the angle sensor configured to determine rotation of the implement, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame. 22. The system of claim 21 wherein the construction vehicle is an excavator, the implement is a bucket of the excavator, and the rigid member is a stick of the excavator. 23. The system of claim 21 wherein the construction vehicle is an skidsteer, the implement is a bucket of the skidsteer, and the rigid member is an arm of the skidsteer. | A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle includes a GNSS with an antenna. The GNSS unit is configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit. A mount is configured to couple the GNSS unit to a rigid member of the construction vehicle. The mount is configured to couple the GNSS unit to the rigid member so that the antenna is arranged in a known spatial relationship with a pivot point between the rigid member and the implement. A mobile controller is configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and an angle sensor that is configured to determine rotation of the implement. The mobile controller is configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, and to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame.1. A system for tracking a position of a cutting edge on a bucket of an excavator, the bucket coupled to the excavator at a pivot point between a stick of the excavator and the bucket, a hydraulic mechanism coupled to the stick and configured to provide rotational movement of the bucket, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) coupled to the bucket and configured to determine rotation of the bucket, the system comprising:
a survey pole coupled to the stick; a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit coupled to the survey pole, the survey pole arranged relative to the stick so that the GNSS unit remains free from contact with any part of the excavator, the bucket, or the stick during a full range of motion of the stick, the GNSS unit including an antenna arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the stick of the excavator and the bucket, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and the IMU, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the bucket from the IMU, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the cutting edge of the bucket in a real world coordinate frame. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the survey pole includes an upper portion of a grade rod that has been removably detached from a lower portion of the grade rod and the survey pole does not include a tip. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the GNSS unit includes a GNSS receiver. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 5. A system for tracking a position of a cutting edge on a bucket of a skidsteer, the bucket coupled to the skidsteer at a pivot point between arms of the skidsteer and the bucket, a hydraulic mechanism coupled to the arms and configured to provide rotational movement of the bucket, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) coupled to the bucket and configured to determine rotation of the bucket, the system comprising:
a survey pole coupled to one of the arms of the skidsteer; a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit coupled to the survey pole, the survey pole arranged relative to the arms of the skidsteer so that the GNSS unit remains free from contact with any part of the skidsteer, the bucket, or the arms during a full range of motion of the arms, the GNSS unit including an antenna arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the arms of the skidsteer and the bucket, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and the IMU, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the bucket from the IMU, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the cutting edge of the bucket in a real world coordinate frame. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the survey pole includes an upper portion of a grade rod that has been removably detached from a lower portion of the grade rod and the survey pole does not include a tip. 7. The system of claim 5 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 8. A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle, the implement coupled to the construction vehicle at a pivot point between a rigid member of the construction vehicle and the implement, a hydraulic mechanism coupled to the rigid member and configured to provide rotational movement of the implement, an angle sensor coupled to the implement and configured to determine rotation of the implement, the system comprising:
a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit coupled to a mount on the rigid member, the mount arranged relative to the rigid member so that the GNSS unit remains free from contact with any part of the construction vehicle, the implement, or the rigid member during a full range of motion of the rigid member, the GNSS unit arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the rigid member of the construction vehicle and the implement, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position, a tilt, and a heading of the GNSS unit; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to receive the position, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein the construction vehicle is an excavator. 10. The system of claim 8 wherein the construction vehicle is a skidsteer. 11. The system of claim 8 wherein the implement includes a bucket. 12. The system of claim 8 wherein the rigid member includes a stick of an excavator. 13. The system of claim 8 wherein the rigid member includes arms of a skidsteer. 14. The system of claim 8 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 15. The system of claim 8 wherein the angle sensor includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU). 16. The system of claim 8 wherein the mount is a mounting mechanism, and the system further comprises a survey pole coupled to the mounting mechanism, wherein the GNSS unit is coupled to the survey pole. 17. A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle, the system comprising:
a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit including an antenna, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; a mount configured to couple the GNSS unit to a rigid member of the construction vehicle, the rigid member coupling the implement to the construction vehicle and the rigid member coupled to the implement at a pivot point between the rigid member and the implement, the mount configured to couple the GNSS unit to the rigid member so that the antenna is arranged in a known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the rigid member and the implement; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and an angle sensor, the angle sensor configured to determine rotation of the implement, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame. 18. The system of 17 further comprising a survey pole, wherein the mount is a mounting mechanism configured so that the survey pole can be rigidly attached to the mounting mechanism and so that the survey pole can be detached from the mounting mechanism, and wherein the mounting mechanism is configured so that when the survey pole is attached to the mounting mechanism, the antenna of the GNSS unit is arranged in approximately the known spatial relationship with the pivot point between the rigid member and the implement. 19. The system of 17 wherein the mobile controller is a cell phone. 20. The system of 17 wherein the angle sensor includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU). 21. A system for tracking a position of a working edge on an implement of a construction vehicle, the system comprising:
a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) unit including an antenna, the GNSS unit configured to determine a position of the antenna and a tilt and a heading of the GNSS unit; a mount configured to couple the GNSS unit to a rigid member of the construction vehicle, the rigid member coupling the implement to the construction vehicle and the rigid member coupled to the implement at a pivot point between the rigid member and the implement; and a mobile controller configured for wireless communications with the GNSS unit and an angle sensor, the angle sensor configured to determine rotation of the implement, the mobile controller configured to receive the position of the antenna, the tilt, and the heading from the GNSS unit, and to receive the rotation of the implement from the angle sensor, the mobile controller configured to determine coordinates of the working edge of the implement in a real world coordinate frame. 22. The system of claim 21 wherein the construction vehicle is an excavator, the implement is a bucket of the excavator, and the rigid member is a stick of the excavator. 23. The system of claim 21 wherein the construction vehicle is an skidsteer, the implement is a bucket of the skidsteer, and the rigid member is an arm of the skidsteer. | 1,600 |
339,842 | 16,800,768 | 1,611 | Techniques are described herein for improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support procedures for configured grants. Generally, the described techniques may relate to restricting a number of retransmissions used during a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process or managing potential scheduling conflicts for the HARQ process from dynamic grants and configured grants. A device (e.g., a user equipment) may initiate a timer or a counter associated with a HARQ process for indicating that transmission attempts for the HARQ process are permitted. The device may identify a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the HARQ process and may determine that the timer associated with the HARQ process is active. The device may perform a transmission attempt over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based on determining that the timer is active. | 1. A method for wireless communication, comprising:
initiating a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted; identifying a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; determining that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and performing a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on the timer being active. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the transmission attempt is based at least in part on the timer being initiated in response to the configured grant. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the transmission attempt is based at least in part on the previous transmission attempt being in response to the configured grant. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing a second transmission attempt of the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process over a second transmission occasion, wherein the second transmission occasion occurs before the transmission occasion, and wherein initiating the timer is based at least in part on performing the second transmission attempt. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second transmission attempt comprises a first instance that the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process is attempted to be transmitted. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
transmitting, successfully, the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process over a second transmission occasion, the second transmission occasion occurring before the transmission occasion, wherein initiating the timer is based at least in part on successfully transmitting the transport block. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the transmission of the transport block comprises a first instance that the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process is successfully transmitted. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying a duration of the timer based at least in part on the transmission occasion being for the configured grant, wherein initiating the timer is based at least in part on identifying the duration. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein a second duration of the timer associated with the transmission occasion is for a dynamic grant and is different than the duration associated with the transmission occasion for the configured grant. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the timer is expired; and terminating the hybrid automatic repeat request process based at least in part on identifying that the timer is expired. 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a dynamic grant associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process or an acknowledgment associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; and resetting the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process based at least in part on receiving the dynamic grant or the acknowledgment. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing a listen-before-talk procedure on resources associated with the transmission occasion, wherein performing the transmission attempt is based at least in part on performing the listen-before-talk procedure. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating a second transport block for the transmission occasion, wherein performing the transmission attempt comprises attempting to transmit the second transport block over resources associated with the transmission occasion. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from a base station, an uplink grant requesting that the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process be retransmitted; determining, by a user equipment, that the uplink grant is not associated with a second transport block used during a previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; and discarding the uplink grant based at least in part on determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying, by the user equipment, that the second transport block associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process by the user equipment is different than the transport block indicated in the uplink grant. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying, by the user equipment, that a first size of the second transport block associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process by the user equipment is different than a second size of the transport block indicated in the uplink grant. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying that a dynamic grant indicated by the uplink grant as being associated with the previous transmission attempt of the hybrid automatic repeat request process is different than the configured grant associated with the previous transmission attempt of the hybrid automatic repeat request process by the user equipment. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying that a first modulation and coding scheme indicated by the uplink grant is different than a second modulation and coding scheme associated with the previous transmission attempt of the hybrid automatic repeat request process. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the transmission attempt is a last transmission attempt of the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process; initiating a second timer based at least in part on identifying that the transmission attempt is the last transmission attempt; and terminating the hybrid automatic repeat request process after the second timer expires. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the second timer comprises a retransmission timer. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from a base station, feedback about the hybrid automatic repeat request process; identifying a first new data indicator of a previous transmission attempt of the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process; and determining whether the first new data indicator matches a second new data indicator included in the feedback from the base station. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
performing an action indicated by the feedback based at least in part on determining that the first new data indicator matches the second new data indicator; or ignoring the feedback based at least in part on determining that the first new data indicator does not match the second new data indicator. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein performing the action further comprises:
configuring the hybrid automatic repeat request process with a second transport block based at least in part on the feedback comprising an acknowledgment. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein performing the action further comprises:
retransmitting a transport block based at least in part on the feedback comprising a negative acknowledgment. 25. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from a base station, feedback about the hybrid automatic repeat request process; identifying that a previous transmission attempt of the transport block associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is for the configured grant and a listen-before-talk procedure associated with the previous transmission attempt failed; and ignoring the feedback based at least in part on identifying that the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is for the configured grant and the listen-before-talk procedure failed. 26. The method of claim 1, wherein the timer comprises a configured grant timer. 27. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
initiate a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted;
identify a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process;
determine that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and
perform a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on determining that the timer is active. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising an antenna, or a display, or a user interface, or a combination thereof. 29. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
means for initiating a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted; means for identifying a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; means for determining that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and means for performing a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on determining that the timer is active. 30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to:
initiate a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted; identify a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; determine that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and perform a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on determining that the timer is active. | Techniques are described herein for improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support procedures for configured grants. Generally, the described techniques may relate to restricting a number of retransmissions used during a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process or managing potential scheduling conflicts for the HARQ process from dynamic grants and configured grants. A device (e.g., a user equipment) may initiate a timer or a counter associated with a HARQ process for indicating that transmission attempts for the HARQ process are permitted. The device may identify a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the HARQ process and may determine that the timer associated with the HARQ process is active. The device may perform a transmission attempt over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based on determining that the timer is active.1. A method for wireless communication, comprising:
initiating a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted; identifying a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; determining that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and performing a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on the timer being active. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the transmission attempt is based at least in part on the timer being initiated in response to the configured grant. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the transmission attempt is based at least in part on the previous transmission attempt being in response to the configured grant. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing a second transmission attempt of the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process over a second transmission occasion, wherein the second transmission occasion occurs before the transmission occasion, and wherein initiating the timer is based at least in part on performing the second transmission attempt. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second transmission attempt comprises a first instance that the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process is attempted to be transmitted. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
transmitting, successfully, the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process over a second transmission occasion, the second transmission occasion occurring before the transmission occasion, wherein initiating the timer is based at least in part on successfully transmitting the transport block. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the transmission of the transport block comprises a first instance that the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process is successfully transmitted. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying a duration of the timer based at least in part on the transmission occasion being for the configured grant, wherein initiating the timer is based at least in part on identifying the duration. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein a second duration of the timer associated with the transmission occasion is for a dynamic grant and is different than the duration associated with the transmission occasion for the configured grant. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the timer is expired; and terminating the hybrid automatic repeat request process based at least in part on identifying that the timer is expired. 11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a dynamic grant associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process or an acknowledgment associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; and resetting the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process based at least in part on receiving the dynamic grant or the acknowledgment. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing a listen-before-talk procedure on resources associated with the transmission occasion, wherein performing the transmission attempt is based at least in part on performing the listen-before-talk procedure. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating a second transport block for the transmission occasion, wherein performing the transmission attempt comprises attempting to transmit the second transport block over resources associated with the transmission occasion. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from a base station, an uplink grant requesting that the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process be retransmitted; determining, by a user equipment, that the uplink grant is not associated with a second transport block used during a previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; and discarding the uplink grant based at least in part on determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying, by the user equipment, that the second transport block associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process by the user equipment is different than the transport block indicated in the uplink grant. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying, by the user equipment, that a first size of the second transport block associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process by the user equipment is different than a second size of the transport block indicated in the uplink grant. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying that a dynamic grant indicated by the uplink grant as being associated with the previous transmission attempt of the hybrid automatic repeat request process is different than the configured grant associated with the previous transmission attempt of the hybrid automatic repeat request process by the user equipment. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein determining that the uplink grant is not associated with the second transport block used during the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process further comprises:
identifying that a first modulation and coding scheme indicated by the uplink grant is different than a second modulation and coding scheme associated with the previous transmission attempt of the hybrid automatic repeat request process. 19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying that the transmission attempt is a last transmission attempt of the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process; initiating a second timer based at least in part on identifying that the transmission attempt is the last transmission attempt; and terminating the hybrid automatic repeat request process after the second timer expires. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the second timer comprises a retransmission timer. 21. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from a base station, feedback about the hybrid automatic repeat request process; identifying a first new data indicator of a previous transmission attempt of the transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process; and determining whether the first new data indicator matches a second new data indicator included in the feedback from the base station. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
performing an action indicated by the feedback based at least in part on determining that the first new data indicator matches the second new data indicator; or ignoring the feedback based at least in part on determining that the first new data indicator does not match the second new data indicator. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein performing the action further comprises:
configuring the hybrid automatic repeat request process with a second transport block based at least in part on the feedback comprising an acknowledgment. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein performing the action further comprises:
retransmitting a transport block based at least in part on the feedback comprising a negative acknowledgment. 25. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from a base station, feedback about the hybrid automatic repeat request process; identifying that a previous transmission attempt of the transport block associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is for the configured grant and a listen-before-talk procedure associated with the previous transmission attempt failed; and ignoring the feedback based at least in part on identifying that the previous transmission attempt associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is for the configured grant and the listen-before-talk procedure failed. 26. The method of claim 1, wherein the timer comprises a configured grant timer. 27. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:
initiate a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted;
identify a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process;
determine that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and
perform a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on determining that the timer is active. 28. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising an antenna, or a display, or a user interface, or a combination thereof. 29. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:
means for initiating a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted; means for identifying a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; means for determining that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and means for performing a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on determining that the timer is active. 30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to:
initiate a timer associated with a hybrid automatic repeat request process for indicating that transmission attempts for a transport block of the hybrid automatic repeat request process are permitted; identify a transmission occasion of a configured grant in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band that is associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process; determine that the timer associated with the hybrid automatic repeat request process is active; and perform a transmission attempt of the transport block over the transmission occasion of the configured grant based at least in part on determining that the timer is active. | 1,600 |
339,843 | 16,800,828 | 1,611 | Techniques are disclosed relating to designature of recorded seismic data that includes seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, where the source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction. A plurality of designature operators corresponding to respective designature orientation angles within a defined set of designature orientation angles may be generated. For a given member of the defined set of designature orientation angles, a corresponding designature operator may be applied to the recorded seismic data to generate designatured seismic data for the given designature orientation angle. For a given seismic trace having a given source orientation angle, the designatured seismic data may be interpolated to generate a designatured version of the given seismic trace. The results may be stored in a tangible, computer-readable medium. | 1. A non-transitory machine-readable medium that stores instructions executable by one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
receiving or accessing recorded seismic data including a plurality of seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, wherein the respective source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction; generating a plurality of designature operators corresponding to respective designature orientation angles within a defined set of designature orientation angles; for a given member of the defined set of designature orientation angles, applying a corresponding designature operator to the recorded seismic data to generate designatured seismic data for the given designature orientation angle; for a given seismic trace having a given source orientation angle, interpolating the designatured seismic data to generate a designatured version of the given seismic trace; and recording the designatured version of the given seismic trace in a tangible, computer-readable medium. 2. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises common receiver data obtained from a plurality of water-bottom sensors. 3. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises time-space domain data including a time dimension and one or more spatial dimensions, and wherein the operations further comprise transforming the recorded seismic data to a frequency-wavenumber domain prior to applying the designature operators. 4. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 3, further comprising:
prior to interpolating the designatured seismic data for the given seismic trace, transforming the designatured seismic data from the frequency-wavenumber domain to a frequency-space domain; and subsequent to interpolating the designatured seismic data for the given seismic trace, transforming the designatured version of the given seismic trace from the frequency-space domain to the time-space domain. 5. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein:
the recorded seismic data additionally includes indications of source depth values, wherein the given seismic trace has a given source depth value; the plurality of designature operators is generated for a defined set of depth values in addition to the defined set of designature orientation angles; applying the designature operators to the recorded seismic data is performed based on depth value and designature orientation angle; and interpolating the designatured seismic data for the given seismic trace comprises interpolating with respect to the given source depth value and the given source orientation angle. 6. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defined set of designature orientation angles is selected based upon the source orientation angles included in the recorded seismic data. 7. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defined set of designature orientation angles is limited to ten degrees above and below the inline survey direction. 8. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defined set of designature orientation angles includes angles defined according to an interval of one or two degrees. 9. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the plurality of designature operators is further configured to perform source ghost removal in addition to designature. 10. In a technological process for analyzing recorded seismic survey data that includes signature noise resulting from seismic source anisotropy, wherein the process includes receiving or accessing recorded seismic data that includes a plurality of seismic traces, the specific improvement comprising:
generating a plurality of designature operators within a grid defined by a set of designature orientation angles; applying the plurality of designature operators to the recorded seismic data, thereby generating designatured seismic data projected onto the grid; on a trace-by-trace basis and using source orientation angles of the plurality of seismic traces, interpolating the designatured seismic data within the grid defined by the plurality of designature operators to generate a designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces thereby reducing the signature noise resulting from the seismic source anisotropy, wherein the source orientation angles of the plurality of seismic traces represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction; and recording the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces in a tangible, computer-readable medium. 11. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises common receiver data obtained from a plurality of water-bottom sensors. 12. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises time-space domain data including a time dimension and one or more spatial dimensions, and wherein the process further comprises transforming the recorded seismic data to a frequency-wavenumber domain prior to applying the designature operators. 13. The technological process of claim 12, further comprising:
prior to interpolating the designatured seismic data, transforming the designatured seismic data from the frequency-wavenumber domain to a frequency-space domain; and subsequent to interpolating the designatured seismic data, transforming the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces from the frequency-space domain to the time-space domain. 14. The technological process of claim 10, wherein:
the recorded seismic data additionally includes trace-by-trace indications of source depth values; the grid within which the plurality of designature operators is generated is defined in terms of both a plurality of selected depth values and the set of designature orientation angles; applying the designature operators to the recorded seismic data is performed based on depth value and designature orientation angle; and interpolating the designatured seismic data is performed with respect to the source depth values and the source orientation angles associated with individual traces. 15. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is selected based upon the source orientation angles included in the recorded seismic data. 16. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is limited to ten degrees above and below the inline survey direction. 17. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the set of designature orientation angles includes angles defined according to an interval of one or two degrees. 18. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the plurality of designature operators is further configured to perform source ghost removal in addition to designature. 19. A system, comprising:
a memory that stores instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations that perform designature of recorded seismic data including a plurality of seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, wherein the respective source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction, the operations including: transforming the recorded seismic data from a time-space domain to a frequency-wavenumber domain; within the frequency-wavenumber domain, applying a plurality of designature operators to the recorded seismic data, wherein the plurality of designature operators are defined within a grid defined by a set of designature orientation angles, so that applying the plurality of designature operators generates designatured seismic data projected onto the grid; transforming the designatured seismic data from the frequency-wavenumber domain to a frequency-space domain; within the frequency-space domain, on a trace-by-trace basis and using the source orientation angles of the plurality of seismic traces, interpolating the designatured seismic data within the grid defined by the plurality of designature operators to generate a designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces; transforming the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces from the frequency-space domain to the time-space domain; and storing a record of the time-space domain representation of the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises common receiver data obtained from a plurality of water-bottom sensors. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein:
the recorded seismic data additionally includes trace-by-trace indications of source depth values; the grid defining the plurality of designature operators is defined in terms of both a plurality of selected depth values and the set of designature orientation angles; applying the designature operators to the recorded seismic data is performed based on depth value and designature orientation angle; and interpolating the designatured seismic data is performed with respect to the source depth values and the source orientation angles associated with individual traces. 22. The system of claim 19, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is selected based upon the source orientation angles included in the recorded seismic data. 23. The system of claim 19, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is limited to ten degrees above and below the inline survey direction. 24. The system of claim 19, wherein the set of designature orientation angles includes angles defined according to an interval of one or two degrees. 25. The system of claim 19, wherein the plurality of designature operators is further configured to perform source ghost removal in addition to designature. 26. An apparatus configured to perform designature of recorded seismic data, comprising:
means for storing recorded seismic data including a plurality of seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, wherein the respective source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction; and means for performing designature on the recorded seismic data using a plurality of designature operators defined over a grid of designature orientation angles. | Techniques are disclosed relating to designature of recorded seismic data that includes seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, where the source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction. A plurality of designature operators corresponding to respective designature orientation angles within a defined set of designature orientation angles may be generated. For a given member of the defined set of designature orientation angles, a corresponding designature operator may be applied to the recorded seismic data to generate designatured seismic data for the given designature orientation angle. For a given seismic trace having a given source orientation angle, the designatured seismic data may be interpolated to generate a designatured version of the given seismic trace. The results may be stored in a tangible, computer-readable medium.1. A non-transitory machine-readable medium that stores instructions executable by one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
receiving or accessing recorded seismic data including a plurality of seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, wherein the respective source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction; generating a plurality of designature operators corresponding to respective designature orientation angles within a defined set of designature orientation angles; for a given member of the defined set of designature orientation angles, applying a corresponding designature operator to the recorded seismic data to generate designatured seismic data for the given designature orientation angle; for a given seismic trace having a given source orientation angle, interpolating the designatured seismic data to generate a designatured version of the given seismic trace; and recording the designatured version of the given seismic trace in a tangible, computer-readable medium. 2. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises common receiver data obtained from a plurality of water-bottom sensors. 3. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises time-space domain data including a time dimension and one or more spatial dimensions, and wherein the operations further comprise transforming the recorded seismic data to a frequency-wavenumber domain prior to applying the designature operators. 4. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 3, further comprising:
prior to interpolating the designatured seismic data for the given seismic trace, transforming the designatured seismic data from the frequency-wavenumber domain to a frequency-space domain; and subsequent to interpolating the designatured seismic data for the given seismic trace, transforming the designatured version of the given seismic trace from the frequency-space domain to the time-space domain. 5. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein:
the recorded seismic data additionally includes indications of source depth values, wherein the given seismic trace has a given source depth value; the plurality of designature operators is generated for a defined set of depth values in addition to the defined set of designature orientation angles; applying the designature operators to the recorded seismic data is performed based on depth value and designature orientation angle; and interpolating the designatured seismic data for the given seismic trace comprises interpolating with respect to the given source depth value and the given source orientation angle. 6. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defined set of designature orientation angles is selected based upon the source orientation angles included in the recorded seismic data. 7. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defined set of designature orientation angles is limited to ten degrees above and below the inline survey direction. 8. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the defined set of designature orientation angles includes angles defined according to an interval of one or two degrees. 9. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the plurality of designature operators is further configured to perform source ghost removal in addition to designature. 10. In a technological process for analyzing recorded seismic survey data that includes signature noise resulting from seismic source anisotropy, wherein the process includes receiving or accessing recorded seismic data that includes a plurality of seismic traces, the specific improvement comprising:
generating a plurality of designature operators within a grid defined by a set of designature orientation angles; applying the plurality of designature operators to the recorded seismic data, thereby generating designatured seismic data projected onto the grid; on a trace-by-trace basis and using source orientation angles of the plurality of seismic traces, interpolating the designatured seismic data within the grid defined by the plurality of designature operators to generate a designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces thereby reducing the signature noise resulting from the seismic source anisotropy, wherein the source orientation angles of the plurality of seismic traces represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction; and recording the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces in a tangible, computer-readable medium. 11. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises common receiver data obtained from a plurality of water-bottom sensors. 12. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises time-space domain data including a time dimension and one or more spatial dimensions, and wherein the process further comprises transforming the recorded seismic data to a frequency-wavenumber domain prior to applying the designature operators. 13. The technological process of claim 12, further comprising:
prior to interpolating the designatured seismic data, transforming the designatured seismic data from the frequency-wavenumber domain to a frequency-space domain; and subsequent to interpolating the designatured seismic data, transforming the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces from the frequency-space domain to the time-space domain. 14. The technological process of claim 10, wherein:
the recorded seismic data additionally includes trace-by-trace indications of source depth values; the grid within which the plurality of designature operators is generated is defined in terms of both a plurality of selected depth values and the set of designature orientation angles; applying the designature operators to the recorded seismic data is performed based on depth value and designature orientation angle; and interpolating the designatured seismic data is performed with respect to the source depth values and the source orientation angles associated with individual traces. 15. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is selected based upon the source orientation angles included in the recorded seismic data. 16. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is limited to ten degrees above and below the inline survey direction. 17. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the set of designature orientation angles includes angles defined according to an interval of one or two degrees. 18. The technological process of claim 10, wherein the plurality of designature operators is further configured to perform source ghost removal in addition to designature. 19. A system, comprising:
a memory that stores instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations that perform designature of recorded seismic data including a plurality of seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, wherein the respective source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction, the operations including: transforming the recorded seismic data from a time-space domain to a frequency-wavenumber domain; within the frequency-wavenumber domain, applying a plurality of designature operators to the recorded seismic data, wherein the plurality of designature operators are defined within a grid defined by a set of designature orientation angles, so that applying the plurality of designature operators generates designatured seismic data projected onto the grid; transforming the designatured seismic data from the frequency-wavenumber domain to a frequency-space domain; within the frequency-space domain, on a trace-by-trace basis and using the source orientation angles of the plurality of seismic traces, interpolating the designatured seismic data within the grid defined by the plurality of designature operators to generate a designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces; transforming the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces from the frequency-space domain to the time-space domain; and storing a record of the time-space domain representation of the designatured version of the plurality of seismic traces. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the recorded seismic data comprises common receiver data obtained from a plurality of water-bottom sensors. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein:
the recorded seismic data additionally includes trace-by-trace indications of source depth values; the grid defining the plurality of designature operators is defined in terms of both a plurality of selected depth values and the set of designature orientation angles; applying the designature operators to the recorded seismic data is performed based on depth value and designature orientation angle; and interpolating the designatured seismic data is performed with respect to the source depth values and the source orientation angles associated with individual traces. 22. The system of claim 19, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is selected based upon the source orientation angles included in the recorded seismic data. 23. The system of claim 19, wherein the set of designature orientation angles is limited to ten degrees above and below the inline survey direction. 24. The system of claim 19, wherein the set of designature orientation angles includes angles defined according to an interval of one or two degrees. 25. The system of claim 19, wherein the plurality of designature operators is further configured to perform source ghost removal in addition to designature. 26. An apparatus configured to perform designature of recorded seismic data, comprising:
means for storing recorded seismic data including a plurality of seismic traces having respective source orientation angles, wherein the respective source orientation angles represent deviations in seismic source orientation relative to an inline survey direction; and means for performing designature on the recorded seismic data using a plurality of designature operators defined over a grid of designature orientation angles. | 1,600 |
339,844 | 16,800,779 | 1,611 | A magnetic junction usable in a magnetic device is described. The magnetic junction includes a free layer and an oxide interlayer on the free layer. The oxide interlayer includes at least one glass-forming agent. In some aspects, the magnetic junction includes a reference layer and a nonmagnetic spacer layer being between the reference layer and the free layer. The free layer is between the nonmagnetic spacer layer and the oxide interlayer. | 1. A magnetic junction, comprising:
a free layer; and an oxide interlayer on the free layer, the oxide interlayer including at least one glass-forming agent. 2. The magnetic junction of claim 1, further comprising:
a reference layer; and a nonmagnetic spacer layer, the nonmagnetic spacer layer being between the reference layer and the free layer, the free layer being between the nonmagnetic spacer layer and the oxide interlayer. 3. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the free layer is a boron-free free layer. 4. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the oxide interlayer includes not more than fifty atomic percent of the at least one glass-forming agent. 5. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the oxide interlayer shares an interface with the free layer. 6. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the oxide interlayer includes an oxide of a metal, the metal including at least one of Mg, Ti, Ta, Zr, Hf, V and Nb. 7. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the at least one glass-forming agent is selected from Si, Be, B, Al, P and Ga. 8. The magnetic junction of claim 1, further comprising:
a substrate, the free layer residing between the oxide interlayer and the substrate. 9. A magnetic device, comprising:
a plurality of magnetic junctions, each of the plurality of magnetic junctions including a reference layer, a nonmagnetic spacer layer, a free layer and an oxide interlayer on the free layer, the nonmagnetic spacer layer being between the reference layer and the free layer, the free layer being between the nonmagnetic spacer layer and the oxide interlayer, the oxide interlayer including at least one glass-forming agent; and a plurality of conductive lines coupled with the plurality of magnetic junctions. 10. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the free layer is a boron-free free layer. 11. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the oxide interlayer includes not more than fifty atomic percent of the at least one glass-forming agent. 12. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the oxide interlayer includes an oxide of a metal, the metal including at least one of Mg, Ti, Ta, Zr, Hf, V and Nb. 13. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the at least one glass-forming agent is selected from Si, Be, B, Al, P and Ga. 14. The magnetic device of claim 9, further comprising:
a substrate, the free layer for each of the plurality of magnetic junctions resides between the oxide interlayer and the substrate. 15. A method for providing a magnetic junction, comprising:
providing a reference layer; providing a nonmagnetic spacer layer; providing a free layer; and providing an oxide interlayer on the free layer, the oxide interlayer including at least one glass-forming agent. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the providing the oxide interlayer includes at least one of a first process and a second process, the first process including
depositing a metallic layer including a metal and the at least one glass-forming agent; and oxidizing the metallic layer; the second process including depositing the oxide capping layer. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the providing the free layer includes providing a boron-free free layer. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the oxide interlayer includes not more than fifty atomic percent of the at least one glass-forming agent. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the oxide interlayer includes an oxide of a metal, the metal including at least one of Mg, Ti, Ta, Zr, Hf, V and Nb. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one glass-forming agent is selected from Si, Be, B, Al, P and Ga. | A magnetic junction usable in a magnetic device is described. The magnetic junction includes a free layer and an oxide interlayer on the free layer. The oxide interlayer includes at least one glass-forming agent. In some aspects, the magnetic junction includes a reference layer and a nonmagnetic spacer layer being between the reference layer and the free layer. The free layer is between the nonmagnetic spacer layer and the oxide interlayer.1. A magnetic junction, comprising:
a free layer; and an oxide interlayer on the free layer, the oxide interlayer including at least one glass-forming agent. 2. The magnetic junction of claim 1, further comprising:
a reference layer; and a nonmagnetic spacer layer, the nonmagnetic spacer layer being between the reference layer and the free layer, the free layer being between the nonmagnetic spacer layer and the oxide interlayer. 3. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the free layer is a boron-free free layer. 4. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the oxide interlayer includes not more than fifty atomic percent of the at least one glass-forming agent. 5. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the oxide interlayer shares an interface with the free layer. 6. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the oxide interlayer includes an oxide of a metal, the metal including at least one of Mg, Ti, Ta, Zr, Hf, V and Nb. 7. The magnetic junction of claim 1, wherein the at least one glass-forming agent is selected from Si, Be, B, Al, P and Ga. 8. The magnetic junction of claim 1, further comprising:
a substrate, the free layer residing between the oxide interlayer and the substrate. 9. A magnetic device, comprising:
a plurality of magnetic junctions, each of the plurality of magnetic junctions including a reference layer, a nonmagnetic spacer layer, a free layer and an oxide interlayer on the free layer, the nonmagnetic spacer layer being between the reference layer and the free layer, the free layer being between the nonmagnetic spacer layer and the oxide interlayer, the oxide interlayer including at least one glass-forming agent; and a plurality of conductive lines coupled with the plurality of magnetic junctions. 10. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the free layer is a boron-free free layer. 11. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the oxide interlayer includes not more than fifty atomic percent of the at least one glass-forming agent. 12. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the oxide interlayer includes an oxide of a metal, the metal including at least one of Mg, Ti, Ta, Zr, Hf, V and Nb. 13. The magnetic device of claim 9, wherein the at least one glass-forming agent is selected from Si, Be, B, Al, P and Ga. 14. The magnetic device of claim 9, further comprising:
a substrate, the free layer for each of the plurality of magnetic junctions resides between the oxide interlayer and the substrate. 15. A method for providing a magnetic junction, comprising:
providing a reference layer; providing a nonmagnetic spacer layer; providing a free layer; and providing an oxide interlayer on the free layer, the oxide interlayer including at least one glass-forming agent. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the providing the oxide interlayer includes at least one of a first process and a second process, the first process including
depositing a metallic layer including a metal and the at least one glass-forming agent; and oxidizing the metallic layer; the second process including depositing the oxide capping layer. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the providing the free layer includes providing a boron-free free layer. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the oxide interlayer includes not more than fifty atomic percent of the at least one glass-forming agent. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the oxide interlayer includes an oxide of a metal, the metal including at least one of Mg, Ti, Ta, Zr, Hf, V and Nb. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one glass-forming agent is selected from Si, Be, B, Al, P and Ga. | 1,600 |
339,845 | 16,800,807 | 1,611 | Aspects of the present disclosure involve systems, methods, computer program products, and the like, for utilizing an access log of a proxy server device of a content delivery network (CDN) to detect and mitigate a denial of service (DOS) on a web or content server hosted by the CDN. Through an analysis of the content requests received at the proxy server listed in the access logs, one or more IP addresses may be identified as involved in a potential DOS attack or other suspicious behavior. Once identified, the suspicious activities of the one or more IP addresses may be tracked and aggregated over a particular period of time, with each detected suspicious request to the content server being counted. The count of suspicious requests to the content server may then be compared to one or more threshold values and a remediation action may occur when the thresholds are met or exceeded. | 1. A method for managing a content delivery network (CDN), the method comprising:
obtaining an access log of a proxy server in communication with an associated content server of the CDN, the access log comprising uniform resource locator (URL) requests for content intended for the associated content server; scanning the access log to detect a plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving a first URL request of a group of related URL requests from a particular Internet Protocol (IP) address associated with a requesting device, the receiving of the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address occurring within a first timeframe; comparing the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a first threshold value; and storing the particular IP address in a listing of potential sources of denial of service (DOS) attacks on the associated content server when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the first threshold value. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
executing a remedial instruction in response to the storing of the particular IP address in the listing of potential sources of DOS attacks. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the remedial instruction comprises transmitting a report to an administrator device associated with an administrator of the proxy server, the report comprising a listing of particular IP address associated with a requesting device. 4. The method of claim 2 further comprising:
comparing the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a second threshold value, the second threshold value greater than the first threshold value. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the remedial instruction comprises utilizing the proxy server to block access to the content of the associated content server by the particular IP address for a remedial period of time when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the second threshold value. 6. The method of claim 5 further comprising:
comparing the particular IP address to a database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks to determine if the IP address is included in the database of known IP addresses. 7. The method of claim 6 further comprising:
analyzing the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to determine a pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address; and
storing the pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address in the database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the particular URL request for content received at the proxy server comprises a URL request type indicating a type of content requested from the associated content server. 9. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
adjusting the first threshold value based at least on the URL request type included in the URL request for content received at the proxy server. 10. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
aggregating the plurality of entries in the access log indicating proxy server receiving the first URL request of a group of related URL requests from the particular IP address occurring within a second timeframe. 11. A content delivery network (CDN) comprising:
a content server through which content is available to a plurality of requesting devices; and a proxy server in communication between the content server and the plurality of requesting devices, the proxy server configured to:
obtain an access log comprising uniform resource locator (URL) requests for content intended for the associated content server;
detect a plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving a first URL request of a group of related URL requests from a particular Internet Protocol (IP) address associated with a requesting device of the plurality of requesting devices within a first timeframe;
compare the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a first threshold value; and
store the particular IP address in a listing of potential sources of denial of service (DOS) attacks on the associated content server when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the first threshold value. 12. The content delivery network of claim 11 wherein the proxy server further executes a remedial instruction in response to the storing of the particular IP address in the listing of potential sources of DOS attacks. 13. The content delivery network of claim 12 wherein the remedial instruction comprises transmitting a report to an administrator device associated with an administrator of the proxy server, the report comprising a listing of particular IP address associated with a requesting device. 14. The content delivery network of claim 12 wherein the proxy server further compares the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a second threshold value, the second threshold value greater than the first threshold value. 15. The content delivery network of claim 14 wherein the remedial instruction comprises blocking access to the content of the associated content server by the particular IP address for a remedial period of time when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the second threshold value. 16. The content delivery network of claim 15 wherein the proxy server further compares the particular IP address to a database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks to determine if the IP address is included in the database of known IP addresses. 17. The content delivery network of claim 16 wherein the proxy server analyzes the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to determine a pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address and stores the pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address in the database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks. 18. The content delivery network of claim 11 wherein the particular URL request for content received at the proxy server comprises a URL request type indicating a type of content requested from the associated content server. 19. The content delivery network of claim 18 wherein the proxy server further adjusts the first threshold value based at least on the URL request type included in the URL request for content received at the associated content server. 20. The content delivery network of claim 11 wherein the proxy server further aggregates the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the associated content server receiving the first URL request of a group of related URL requests from the particular IP address occurring within a second timeframe. | Aspects of the present disclosure involve systems, methods, computer program products, and the like, for utilizing an access log of a proxy server device of a content delivery network (CDN) to detect and mitigate a denial of service (DOS) on a web or content server hosted by the CDN. Through an analysis of the content requests received at the proxy server listed in the access logs, one or more IP addresses may be identified as involved in a potential DOS attack or other suspicious behavior. Once identified, the suspicious activities of the one or more IP addresses may be tracked and aggregated over a particular period of time, with each detected suspicious request to the content server being counted. The count of suspicious requests to the content server may then be compared to one or more threshold values and a remediation action may occur when the thresholds are met or exceeded.1. A method for managing a content delivery network (CDN), the method comprising:
obtaining an access log of a proxy server in communication with an associated content server of the CDN, the access log comprising uniform resource locator (URL) requests for content intended for the associated content server; scanning the access log to detect a plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving a first URL request of a group of related URL requests from a particular Internet Protocol (IP) address associated with a requesting device, the receiving of the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address occurring within a first timeframe; comparing the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a first threshold value; and storing the particular IP address in a listing of potential sources of denial of service (DOS) attacks on the associated content server when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the first threshold value. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
executing a remedial instruction in response to the storing of the particular IP address in the listing of potential sources of DOS attacks. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the remedial instruction comprises transmitting a report to an administrator device associated with an administrator of the proxy server, the report comprising a listing of particular IP address associated with a requesting device. 4. The method of claim 2 further comprising:
comparing the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a second threshold value, the second threshold value greater than the first threshold value. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the remedial instruction comprises utilizing the proxy server to block access to the content of the associated content server by the particular IP address for a remedial period of time when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the second threshold value. 6. The method of claim 5 further comprising:
comparing the particular IP address to a database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks to determine if the IP address is included in the database of known IP addresses. 7. The method of claim 6 further comprising:
analyzing the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to determine a pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address; and
storing the pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address in the database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the particular URL request for content received at the proxy server comprises a URL request type indicating a type of content requested from the associated content server. 9. The method of claim 8 further comprising:
adjusting the first threshold value based at least on the URL request type included in the URL request for content received at the proxy server. 10. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
aggregating the plurality of entries in the access log indicating proxy server receiving the first URL request of a group of related URL requests from the particular IP address occurring within a second timeframe. 11. A content delivery network (CDN) comprising:
a content server through which content is available to a plurality of requesting devices; and a proxy server in communication between the content server and the plurality of requesting devices, the proxy server configured to:
obtain an access log comprising uniform resource locator (URL) requests for content intended for the associated content server;
detect a plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving a first URL request of a group of related URL requests from a particular Internet Protocol (IP) address associated with a requesting device of the plurality of requesting devices within a first timeframe;
compare the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a first threshold value; and
store the particular IP address in a listing of potential sources of denial of service (DOS) attacks on the associated content server when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the first threshold value. 12. The content delivery network of claim 11 wherein the proxy server further executes a remedial instruction in response to the storing of the particular IP address in the listing of potential sources of DOS attacks. 13. The content delivery network of claim 12 wherein the remedial instruction comprises transmitting a report to an administrator device associated with an administrator of the proxy server, the report comprising a listing of particular IP address associated with a requesting device. 14. The content delivery network of claim 12 wherein the proxy server further compares the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to a second threshold value, the second threshold value greater than the first threshold value. 15. The content delivery network of claim 14 wherein the remedial instruction comprises blocking access to the content of the associated content server by the particular IP address for a remedial period of time when the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the proxy server receiving the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device is greater than the second threshold value. 16. The content delivery network of claim 15 wherein the proxy server further compares the particular IP address to a database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks to determine if the IP address is included in the database of known IP addresses. 17. The content delivery network of claim 16 wherein the proxy server analyzes the first URL request of the group of related URL requests from the particular IP address associated with a requesting device to determine a pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address and stores the pattern of DOS attack requests from the IP address in the database of known IP addresses of previously received DOS attacks. 18. The content delivery network of claim 11 wherein the particular URL request for content received at the proxy server comprises a URL request type indicating a type of content requested from the associated content server. 19. The content delivery network of claim 18 wherein the proxy server further adjusts the first threshold value based at least on the URL request type included in the URL request for content received at the associated content server. 20. The content delivery network of claim 11 wherein the proxy server further aggregates the plurality of entries in the access log indicating the associated content server receiving the first URL request of a group of related URL requests from the particular IP address occurring within a second timeframe. | 1,600 |
339,846 | 16,800,786 | 1,611 | A server includes a communications interface; and a processor connected with the communications interface, the processor configured to: receive, from each of a plurality of capture nodes: (i) an initial point cloud depicting a portion of a capture volume, and (ii) boundary values corresponding to the initial point cloud; generate a bounding box from the boundary values received from the capture nodes; select respective portions of each initial point cloud based on the bounding box; and combine the selected portions to generate a combined point cloud. | 1. A server, comprising:
a communications interface; and a processor connected with the communications interface, the processor configured to:
receive, from each of a plurality of capture nodes: (i) an initial point cloud depicting a portion of a capture volume, and (ii) boundary values corresponding to the initial point cloud;
generate a bounding box from the boundary values received from the capture nodes;
select respective portions of each initial point cloud based on the bounding box; and
combine the selected portions to generate a combined point cloud. 2. The server of claim 1, further comprising a memory; wherein the processor is further configured to:
retrieve calibration data from the memory; and register the initial point clouds to a common frame of reference according to the calibration data; 3. The server of claim 1, wherein the boundary values include:
at least a first value defining a minimum extent in a first dimension; at least a second value defining a maximum extent in the first dimension; at least a third value defining a minimum extent in a second dimension; and at least a fourth value defining a maximum extent in the second dimension. 4. The server of claim 3, wherein the first and second dimensions are horizontal. 5. The server of claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to generate the bounding box, to:
generate a first vertical surface based on the first value; generate a second vertical surface based on the second value; generate a third vertical surface based on the third value; and generate a fourth vertical surface based on the fourth value. 6. The server of claim 3, wherein the boundary values received from the capture nodes include a plurality of minimum boundary values defining minimum extents in the first dimension; and
wherein the processor is further configured to select the first value from the plurality of values. 7. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to select the respective portions of the initial point clouds, to:
determine a center of the bounding box; generate a set of cutting planes based on the center; and for each of the initial point clouds, select the respective portion based on the bounding box and a subset of the cutting planes. 8. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured, prior to receiving the initial point clouds, to detect an object in the capture volume and generate a trigger command for transmission to the capture nodes. 9. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to determine, based on the combined point cloud, a dimension of an object in the capture volume. 10. A method, comprising:
receiving at a server, from each of a plurality of capture nodes: (i) an initial point cloud depicting a portion of a capture volume, and (ii) boundary values corresponding to the initial point cloud; generating a bounding box from the boundary values received from the capture nodes; selecting respective portions of each initial point cloud based on the bounding box; and combining the selected portions to generate a combined point cloud. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
retrieving calibration data; and registering the initial point clouds to a common frame of reference according to the calibration data; 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the boundary values include:
at least a first value defining a minimum extent in a first dimension; at least a second value defining a maximum extent in the first dimension; at least a third value defining a minimum extent in a second dimension; and at least a fourth value defining a maximum extent in the second dimension. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first and second dimensions are horizontal. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein generating the bounding box comprises:
generating a first vertical surface based on the first value; generating a second vertical surface based on the second value; generating a third vertical surface based on the third value; and generating a fourth vertical surface based on the fourth value. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein the boundary values received from the capture nodes include a plurality of minimum boundary values defining minimum extents in the first dimension; and wherein the method further comprises selecting the first value from the plurality of values. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein selecting the respective portions of the initial point clouds comprises:
determining a center of the bounding box; generating a set of cutting planes based on the center; and for each of the initial point clouds, selecting the respective portion based on the bounding box and a subset of the cutting planes. 17. The method of claim 10, further comprising, prior to receiving the initial point clouds;
detecting an object in the capture volume and generating a trigger command for transmission to the capture nodes. 18. The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining, based on the combined point cloud, a dimension of an object in the capture volume. | A server includes a communications interface; and a processor connected with the communications interface, the processor configured to: receive, from each of a plurality of capture nodes: (i) an initial point cloud depicting a portion of a capture volume, and (ii) boundary values corresponding to the initial point cloud; generate a bounding box from the boundary values received from the capture nodes; select respective portions of each initial point cloud based on the bounding box; and combine the selected portions to generate a combined point cloud.1. A server, comprising:
a communications interface; and a processor connected with the communications interface, the processor configured to:
receive, from each of a plurality of capture nodes: (i) an initial point cloud depicting a portion of a capture volume, and (ii) boundary values corresponding to the initial point cloud;
generate a bounding box from the boundary values received from the capture nodes;
select respective portions of each initial point cloud based on the bounding box; and
combine the selected portions to generate a combined point cloud. 2. The server of claim 1, further comprising a memory; wherein the processor is further configured to:
retrieve calibration data from the memory; and register the initial point clouds to a common frame of reference according to the calibration data; 3. The server of claim 1, wherein the boundary values include:
at least a first value defining a minimum extent in a first dimension; at least a second value defining a maximum extent in the first dimension; at least a third value defining a minimum extent in a second dimension; and at least a fourth value defining a maximum extent in the second dimension. 4. The server of claim 3, wherein the first and second dimensions are horizontal. 5. The server of claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to generate the bounding box, to:
generate a first vertical surface based on the first value; generate a second vertical surface based on the second value; generate a third vertical surface based on the third value; and generate a fourth vertical surface based on the fourth value. 6. The server of claim 3, wherein the boundary values received from the capture nodes include a plurality of minimum boundary values defining minimum extents in the first dimension; and
wherein the processor is further configured to select the first value from the plurality of values. 7. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured, in order to select the respective portions of the initial point clouds, to:
determine a center of the bounding box; generate a set of cutting planes based on the center; and for each of the initial point clouds, select the respective portion based on the bounding box and a subset of the cutting planes. 8. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured, prior to receiving the initial point clouds, to detect an object in the capture volume and generate a trigger command for transmission to the capture nodes. 9. The server of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to determine, based on the combined point cloud, a dimension of an object in the capture volume. 10. A method, comprising:
receiving at a server, from each of a plurality of capture nodes: (i) an initial point cloud depicting a portion of a capture volume, and (ii) boundary values corresponding to the initial point cloud; generating a bounding box from the boundary values received from the capture nodes; selecting respective portions of each initial point cloud based on the bounding box; and combining the selected portions to generate a combined point cloud. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
retrieving calibration data; and registering the initial point clouds to a common frame of reference according to the calibration data; 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the boundary values include:
at least a first value defining a minimum extent in a first dimension; at least a second value defining a maximum extent in the first dimension; at least a third value defining a minimum extent in a second dimension; and at least a fourth value defining a maximum extent in the second dimension. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first and second dimensions are horizontal. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein generating the bounding box comprises:
generating a first vertical surface based on the first value; generating a second vertical surface based on the second value; generating a third vertical surface based on the third value; and generating a fourth vertical surface based on the fourth value. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein the boundary values received from the capture nodes include a plurality of minimum boundary values defining minimum extents in the first dimension; and wherein the method further comprises selecting the first value from the plurality of values. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein selecting the respective portions of the initial point clouds comprises:
determining a center of the bounding box; generating a set of cutting planes based on the center; and for each of the initial point clouds, selecting the respective portion based on the bounding box and a subset of the cutting planes. 17. The method of claim 10, further comprising, prior to receiving the initial point clouds;
detecting an object in the capture volume and generating a trigger command for transmission to the capture nodes. 18. The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining, based on the combined point cloud, a dimension of an object in the capture volume. | 1,600 |
339,847 | 16,800,789 | 1,611 | An oven may include a cooking chamber, a user interface, a first energy source, a second energy source and a cooking controller. The cooking chamber may be configured to receive a food product. The user interface may be configured to display information associated with processes employed for cooking the food product. The first energy source may provide primary heating of the food product placed in the cooking chamber. The second energy source may provide browning for the food product. The cooking controller may be operably coupled to the first and second energy sources. The cooking controller may include processing circuitry configured to enable an operator to make a browning control selection via the user interface by providing operator instructions to a selected control console rendered at the user interface. The selected control console may be selected based on a cooking mode of the oven. The browning control selection may provide control parameters to direct application of heat to the food product via the second energy source. | 1. A cooking controller for use in an oven, the oven including a first energy source providing primary heating of a food product placed in the oven and a second energy source providing browning for the food product, the cooking controller operably coupled to the first and second energy sources and comprising processing circuitry configured to enable an operator to make a browning control selection via a user interface of the oven by providing operator instructions to a control console rendered at the user interface,
wherein the browning control selection provides control parameters to direct application of heat to the food product via the second energy source, wherein the control console is one of a plurality of different control console screens presented to the operator via the user interface that is selected based on a cooking mode of the oven, and wherein the cooking mode is one of a first mode in which the operator is enabled to select multiple ones of the control parameters including air temperature, air speed and time, and a second mode in which the operator is enabled to select a browning level and the control parameters are automatically determined based on the browning level selected. 2. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the second mode further enables the operator to select an adjustment to at least one of the control parameters and at least another one of the control parameters is automatically adjusted to provide the browning level selected based on the adjustment. 3. The cooking controller of claim 2, wherein information associated with the cooking mode is displayed on one portion of the control console and information associated with enabling selection of the control parameters is displayed on another portion of the control console. 4. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the control parameters based at least in part on initial condition information entered by the operator, the initial condition information including a food type, initial food product state, desired final food product state, number of portions, size of portions, or location. 5. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the cooking mode is a mode in which the operator is enabled to select one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for application of the corresponding air temperature and speed using selectors that correspond to each respective one of a defined air temperature range, a defined air speed range, and a time scale. 6. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control parameters include one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the control parameters, in response to adjustment of another one of the control parameters, when still another of the control parameters is maintained constant. 7. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control parameters include one or more of a browning level, air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, in response to adjustment of another one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, when the browning level is maintained constant. 8. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control parameters include a browning level and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to access data tables to determine a corresponding air speed, air temperature and browning time for the selected browning level based on initial conditions entered by the operator. 9. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control console enables the operator to define when to apply energy via the second energy source relative to application of energy via the first energy source. 10. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the browning control selection is entered via a touch screen display. 11. An oven comprising:
a cooking chamber configured to receive a food product; a user interface configured to display information associated with processes employed for cooking the food product; a first energy source providing primary heating of the food product placed in the cooking chamber; a second energy source providing browning for the food product; and a cooking controller operably coupled to the first and second energy sources, the cooking controller including processing circuitry configured to enable an operator to make a browning control selection via the user interface by providing operator instructions to a control console rendered at the user interface, wherein the control console is one of a plurality of different control console screens presented to the operator via the user interface that is selected based on a cooking mode of the oven, wherein the browning control selection provides control parameters to direct application of heat to the food product via the second energy source, and wherein the cooking mode is one of a first mode in which the operator is enabled to select multiple ones of the control parameters including air temperature, air speed and time, and a second mode in which the operator is enabled to select a browning level and the control parameters are automatically determined based on the browning level selected. 12. The oven of claim 11, wherein the second mode further enables the operator to select an adjustment to at least one of the control parameters and at least another one of the control parameters is automatically adjusted to provide the browning level selected based on the adjustment. 13. The oven of claim 11, wherein information associated with the cooking mode is displayed on one portion of the control console and information associated with enabling selection of the control parameters is displayed on another portion of the control console. 14. The oven of claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the control parameters based at least in part on initial condition information entered by the operator, the initial condition information including a food type, initial food product state, desired final food product state, number of portions, size of portions, or location. 15. The oven of claim 11, wherein the cooking mode is a mode in which the operator is enabled to select one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for application of the corresponding air temperature and speed using selectors that correspond to each respective one of a defined air temperature range, a defined air speed range, and a time scale. 16. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control parameters include one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the control parameters, in response to adjustment of another one of the control parameters, when still another of the control parameters is maintained constant. 17. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control parameters include one or more of a browning level, air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, in response to adjustment of another one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, when the browning level is maintained constant. 18. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control parameters include a browning level and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to access data tables to determine a corresponding air speed, air temperature and browning time for the selected browning level based on initial conditions entered by the operator. 19. The oven of claim 11, wherein the browning control selection is entered via a touch screen display. 20. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control console enables the operator to define when to apply energy via the second energy source relative to application of energy via the first energy source. | An oven may include a cooking chamber, a user interface, a first energy source, a second energy source and a cooking controller. The cooking chamber may be configured to receive a food product. The user interface may be configured to display information associated with processes employed for cooking the food product. The first energy source may provide primary heating of the food product placed in the cooking chamber. The second energy source may provide browning for the food product. The cooking controller may be operably coupled to the first and second energy sources. The cooking controller may include processing circuitry configured to enable an operator to make a browning control selection via the user interface by providing operator instructions to a selected control console rendered at the user interface. The selected control console may be selected based on a cooking mode of the oven. The browning control selection may provide control parameters to direct application of heat to the food product via the second energy source.1. A cooking controller for use in an oven, the oven including a first energy source providing primary heating of a food product placed in the oven and a second energy source providing browning for the food product, the cooking controller operably coupled to the first and second energy sources and comprising processing circuitry configured to enable an operator to make a browning control selection via a user interface of the oven by providing operator instructions to a control console rendered at the user interface,
wherein the browning control selection provides control parameters to direct application of heat to the food product via the second energy source, wherein the control console is one of a plurality of different control console screens presented to the operator via the user interface that is selected based on a cooking mode of the oven, and wherein the cooking mode is one of a first mode in which the operator is enabled to select multiple ones of the control parameters including air temperature, air speed and time, and a second mode in which the operator is enabled to select a browning level and the control parameters are automatically determined based on the browning level selected. 2. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the second mode further enables the operator to select an adjustment to at least one of the control parameters and at least another one of the control parameters is automatically adjusted to provide the browning level selected based on the adjustment. 3. The cooking controller of claim 2, wherein information associated with the cooking mode is displayed on one portion of the control console and information associated with enabling selection of the control parameters is displayed on another portion of the control console. 4. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the control parameters based at least in part on initial condition information entered by the operator, the initial condition information including a food type, initial food product state, desired final food product state, number of portions, size of portions, or location. 5. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the cooking mode is a mode in which the operator is enabled to select one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for application of the corresponding air temperature and speed using selectors that correspond to each respective one of a defined air temperature range, a defined air speed range, and a time scale. 6. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control parameters include one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the control parameters, in response to adjustment of another one of the control parameters, when still another of the control parameters is maintained constant. 7. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control parameters include one or more of a browning level, air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, in response to adjustment of another one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, when the browning level is maintained constant. 8. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control parameters include a browning level and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to access data tables to determine a corresponding air speed, air temperature and browning time for the selected browning level based on initial conditions entered by the operator. 9. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the control console enables the operator to define when to apply energy via the second energy source relative to application of energy via the first energy source. 10. The cooking controller of claim 1, wherein the browning control selection is entered via a touch screen display. 11. An oven comprising:
a cooking chamber configured to receive a food product; a user interface configured to display information associated with processes employed for cooking the food product; a first energy source providing primary heating of the food product placed in the cooking chamber; a second energy source providing browning for the food product; and a cooking controller operably coupled to the first and second energy sources, the cooking controller including processing circuitry configured to enable an operator to make a browning control selection via the user interface by providing operator instructions to a control console rendered at the user interface, wherein the control console is one of a plurality of different control console screens presented to the operator via the user interface that is selected based on a cooking mode of the oven, wherein the browning control selection provides control parameters to direct application of heat to the food product via the second energy source, and wherein the cooking mode is one of a first mode in which the operator is enabled to select multiple ones of the control parameters including air temperature, air speed and time, and a second mode in which the operator is enabled to select a browning level and the control parameters are automatically determined based on the browning level selected. 12. The oven of claim 11, wherein the second mode further enables the operator to select an adjustment to at least one of the control parameters and at least another one of the control parameters is automatically adjusted to provide the browning level selected based on the adjustment. 13. The oven of claim 11, wherein information associated with the cooking mode is displayed on one portion of the control console and information associated with enabling selection of the control parameters is displayed on another portion of the control console. 14. The oven of claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the control parameters based at least in part on initial condition information entered by the operator, the initial condition information including a food type, initial food product state, desired final food product state, number of portions, size of portions, or location. 15. The oven of claim 11, wherein the cooking mode is a mode in which the operator is enabled to select one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for application of the corresponding air temperature and speed using selectors that correspond to each respective one of a defined air temperature range, a defined air speed range, and a time scale. 16. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control parameters include one or more of air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the control parameters, in response to adjustment of another one of the control parameters, when still another of the control parameters is maintained constant. 17. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control parameters include one or more of a browning level, air temperature, air speed and time for applying heated air to the food product, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine an adjustment for at least one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, in response to adjustment of another one of the air temperature, the air speed and the time, when the browning level is maintained constant. 18. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control parameters include a browning level and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to access data tables to determine a corresponding air speed, air temperature and browning time for the selected browning level based on initial conditions entered by the operator. 19. The oven of claim 11, wherein the browning control selection is entered via a touch screen display. 20. The oven of claim 11, wherein the control console enables the operator to define when to apply energy via the second energy source relative to application of energy via the first energy source. | 1,600 |
339,848 | 16,800,780 | 1,611 | A data capture system for object dimensioning includes: a projector to project a structured light pattern onto a capture volume to illuminate an object in the capture volume; a depth sensor; a set of image sensors; and a processor configured to: responsive to detection of the object, control the depth sensor to obtain a depth scan of the object; based on the depth scan, determine an attribute of the object; select projection parameters based on the attribute; control the projector to illuminate the object according to the projection parameters; and control the set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object. | 1. A data capture system for object dimensioning, comprising:
a projector to project a structured light pattern onto a capture volume to illuminate an object in the capture volume; a depth sensor; a set of image sensors; and a computing device configured to:
responsive to detection of the object, control the depth sensor to obtain a depth scan of the object;
based on the depth scan, determine an attribute of the object;
select projection parameters based on the attribute;
control the projector to illuminate the object according to the projection parameters; and
control the set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object. 2. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is further configured to: generate a point cloud representing the object based on the images, for transmission to a dimensioning server. 3. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the depth sensor includes at least one of a lidar device and a time-of-flight camera. 4. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the depth scan includes depth measurements and color data. 5. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the attribute of the object includes at least one of a dimension, a shape, a color and a position. 6. The data capture system of claim 5, wherein the computing device is further configured, in order to select the projection parameters, to:
select one of a predefined set of classes according to the attribute; and select the projection parameters corresponding to the selected class. 7. The data capture system of claim 6, wherein the predefined set of classes include dimension ranges. 8. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the projection parameters include at least one of illumination intensity, focal length, orientation, and structured light pattern type. 9. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is further configured to: select image capture parameters for the set of image sensors, according to the attribute of the object. 10. The data capture system of claim 9, wherein the image capture parameters include at least one of focal length, shutter speed, and aperture size. 11. A method of data capture for object dimensioning, the method comprising:
responsive to detection of an object in a capture volume, controlling a depth sensor to obtain a depth scan of the object; based on the depth scan, determining an attribute of the object; selecting projection parameters based on the attribute; controlling a projector to illuminate the object according to the projection parameters; and controlling a set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: generating a point cloud representing the object based on the images, for transmission to a dimensioning server. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the depth sensor includes at least one of a lidar device and a time-of-flight camera. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the depth scan includes depth measurements and color data. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the attribute of the object includes at least one of a dimension, a shape, a color and a position. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein selecting the projection parameters comprises:
selecting one of a predefined set of classes according to the attribute; and selecting the projection parameters corresponding to the selected class. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the predefined set of classes include dimension ranges. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the projection parameters include at least one of illumination intensity, focal length, orientation, and structured light pattern type. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising: selecting image capture parameters for the set of image sensors, according to the attribute of the object. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the image capture parameters include at least one of focal length, shutter speed, and aperture size. | A data capture system for object dimensioning includes: a projector to project a structured light pattern onto a capture volume to illuminate an object in the capture volume; a depth sensor; a set of image sensors; and a processor configured to: responsive to detection of the object, control the depth sensor to obtain a depth scan of the object; based on the depth scan, determine an attribute of the object; select projection parameters based on the attribute; control the projector to illuminate the object according to the projection parameters; and control the set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object.1. A data capture system for object dimensioning, comprising:
a projector to project a structured light pattern onto a capture volume to illuminate an object in the capture volume; a depth sensor; a set of image sensors; and a computing device configured to:
responsive to detection of the object, control the depth sensor to obtain a depth scan of the object;
based on the depth scan, determine an attribute of the object;
select projection parameters based on the attribute;
control the projector to illuminate the object according to the projection parameters; and
control the set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object. 2. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is further configured to: generate a point cloud representing the object based on the images, for transmission to a dimensioning server. 3. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the depth sensor includes at least one of a lidar device and a time-of-flight camera. 4. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the depth scan includes depth measurements and color data. 5. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the attribute of the object includes at least one of a dimension, a shape, a color and a position. 6. The data capture system of claim 5, wherein the computing device is further configured, in order to select the projection parameters, to:
select one of a predefined set of classes according to the attribute; and select the projection parameters corresponding to the selected class. 7. The data capture system of claim 6, wherein the predefined set of classes include dimension ranges. 8. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the projection parameters include at least one of illumination intensity, focal length, orientation, and structured light pattern type. 9. The data capture system of claim 1, wherein the computing device is further configured to: select image capture parameters for the set of image sensors, according to the attribute of the object. 10. The data capture system of claim 9, wherein the image capture parameters include at least one of focal length, shutter speed, and aperture size. 11. A method of data capture for object dimensioning, the method comprising:
responsive to detection of an object in a capture volume, controlling a depth sensor to obtain a depth scan of the object; based on the depth scan, determining an attribute of the object; selecting projection parameters based on the attribute; controlling a projector to illuminate the object according to the projection parameters; and controlling a set of image sensors to capture respective images of the object. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: generating a point cloud representing the object based on the images, for transmission to a dimensioning server. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the depth sensor includes at least one of a lidar device and a time-of-flight camera. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the depth scan includes depth measurements and color data. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the attribute of the object includes at least one of a dimension, a shape, a color and a position. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein selecting the projection parameters comprises:
selecting one of a predefined set of classes according to the attribute; and selecting the projection parameters corresponding to the selected class. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the predefined set of classes include dimension ranges. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the projection parameters include at least one of illumination intensity, focal length, orientation, and structured light pattern type. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising: selecting image capture parameters for the set of image sensors, according to the attribute of the object. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the image capture parameters include at least one of focal length, shutter speed, and aperture size. | 1,600 |
339,849 | 16,800,827 | 1,611 | A method performed by a computing device includes generating a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, where the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query. The method further includes obtaining a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, where the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group. The method further includes obtaining a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, where the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group. The method further includes generating a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group. | 1. A method for execution by a computing device, the method comprises:
generating a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, wherein the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query; obtaining a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group; obtaining a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group; and generating a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprises:
obtaining a third response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a third comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the third response entigen group substantially includes the third comparative query entigen group; and
generating the comparative response based on the first response entigen group, the second response entigen group, and the third response entigen group. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the comparative query entigen group set based on the comparative query in accordance with the identigen rules comprises:
identifying a set of identigens for each word of the comparative query to produce a plurality of sets of identigens; identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a set of identigens of the plurality of sets of identigens includes one or more different meanings of a word of the comparative query, wherein a first comparative query entigen of the first comparative query entigen group corresponds to an identigen of the set of identigens having a selected meaning of the one or more different meanings of the word of the comparative query; and interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the second comparative query entigen group, wherein the second comparative query entigen group contrasts the first comparative query entigen group in accordance with the comparative aspect. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the first response entigen group from the knowledge database based on the first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set comprises:
identifying a group of entigens of the knowledge database that compares favorably to the first comparative query entigen group as the first response entigen group, wherein a first entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a first entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a second entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, and wherein a first entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first comparative query entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first response entigen group. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group comprises:
identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce a comparative response entigen group; and selecting, for each entigen of the comparative response entigen group, a word associated with the entigen of the comparative response entigen group to produce the comparative response. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce the comparative response entigen group comprises:
when the comparative aspect indicates a numerical comparison type:
selecting a mathematical function based on the comparative aspect;
applying the mathematical function to corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a numerical response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the numerical response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group; and
when the comparative aspect indicates a qualitative comparison type:
selecting a qualitative comparison based on the comparative aspect;
performing the qualitative comparison on corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a qualitative response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the qualitative response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group. 7. A computing device of a computing system, the computing device comprises:
an interface; a local memory; and a processing module operably coupled to the interface and the local memory, wherein the processing module functions to:
generate a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, wherein the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query;
obtain, via the interface, a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group;
obtain, via the interface, a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group; and
generate a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group. 8. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module further functions to:
obtain, via the interface, a third response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a third comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the third response entigen group substantially includes the third comparative query entigen group; and generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group, the second response entigen group, and the third response entigen group. 9. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module functions to generate the comparative query entigen group set based on the comparative query in accordance with the identigen rules by:
identifying a set of identigens for each word of the comparative query to produce a plurality of sets of identigens; identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a set of identigens of the plurality of sets of identigens includes one or more different meanings of a word of the comparative query, wherein a first comparative query entigen of the first comparative query entigen group corresponds to an identigen of the set of identigens having a selected meaning of the one or more different meanings of the word of the comparative query; and interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the second comparative query entigen group, wherein the second comparative query entigen group contrasts the first comparative query entigen group in accordance with the comparative aspect. 10. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module functions to obtain the first response entigen group from the knowledge database based on the first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set by:
identifying a group of entigens of the knowledge database that compares favorably to the first comparative query entigen group as the first response entigen group, wherein a first entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a first entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a second entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, and wherein a first entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first comparative query entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first response entigen group. 11. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module functions to generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group by:
identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce a comparative response entigen group; and selecting, for each entigen of the comparative response entigen group, a word associated with the entigen of the comparative response entigen group to produce the comparative response. 12. The computing device of claim 11, wherein the processing module functions to analyze the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce the comparative response entigen group by:
when the comparative aspect indicates a numerical comparison type:
selecting a mathematical function based on the comparative aspect;
applying the mathematical function to corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a numerical response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the numerical response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group; and
when the comparative aspect indicates a qualitative comparison type:
selecting a qualitative comparison based on the comparative aspect;
performing the qualitative comparison on corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a qualitative response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the qualitative response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group. 13. A computer readable memory comprises:
a first memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by a processing module, causes the processing module to:
generate a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, wherein the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query;
a second memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by the processing module, causes the processing module to:
obtain a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group; and
obtain a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group; and
a third memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by the processing module, causes the processing module to:
generate a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group. 14. The computer readable memory of claim 13 further comprises:
a fourth memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by the processing module, causes the processing module to:
obtain a third response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a third comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the third response entigen group substantially includes the third comparative query entigen group; and
generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group, the second response entigen group, and the third response entigen group. 15. The computer readable memory of claim 13, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the first memory element to cause the processing module to generate the comparative query entigen group set based on the comparative query in accordance with the identigen rules by:
identifying a set of identigens for each word of the comparative query to produce a plurality of sets of identigens; identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a set of identigens of the plurality of sets of identigens includes one or more different meanings of a word of the comparative query, wherein a first comparative query entigen of the first comparative query entigen group corresponds to an identigen of the set of identigens having a selected meaning of the one or more different meanings of the word of the comparative query; and interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the second comparative query entigen group, wherein the second comparative query entigen group contrasts the first comparative query entigen group in accordance with the comparative aspect. 16. The computer readable memory of claim 13, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the second memory element to cause the processing module to obtain the first response entigen group from the knowledge database based on the first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set by:
identifying a group of entigens of the knowledge database that compares favorably to the first comparative query entigen group as the first response entigen group, wherein a first entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a first entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a second entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, and wherein a first entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first comparative query entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first response entigen group. 17. The computer readable memory of claim 13, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the third memory element to cause the processing module to generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group by:
identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce a comparative response entigen group; and selecting, for each entigen of the comparative response entigen group, a word associated with the entigen of the comparative response entigen group to produce the comparative response. 18. The computer readable memory of claim 17, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the third memory element to cause the processing module to analyze the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce the comparative response entigen group by:
when the comparative aspect indicates a numerical comparison type:
selecting a mathematical function based on the comparative aspect;
applying the mathematical function to corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a numerical response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the numerical response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group; and
when the comparative aspect indicates a qualitative comparison type:
selecting a qualitative comparison based on the comparative aspect;
performing the qualitative comparison on corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a qualitative response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the qualitative response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group. | A method performed by a computing device includes generating a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, where the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query. The method further includes obtaining a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, where the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group. The method further includes obtaining a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, where the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group. The method further includes generating a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group.1. A method for execution by a computing device, the method comprises:
generating a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, wherein the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query; obtaining a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group; obtaining a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group; and generating a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprises:
obtaining a third response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a third comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the third response entigen group substantially includes the third comparative query entigen group; and
generating the comparative response based on the first response entigen group, the second response entigen group, and the third response entigen group. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the comparative query entigen group set based on the comparative query in accordance with the identigen rules comprises:
identifying a set of identigens for each word of the comparative query to produce a plurality of sets of identigens; identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a set of identigens of the plurality of sets of identigens includes one or more different meanings of a word of the comparative query, wherein a first comparative query entigen of the first comparative query entigen group corresponds to an identigen of the set of identigens having a selected meaning of the one or more different meanings of the word of the comparative query; and interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the second comparative query entigen group, wherein the second comparative query entigen group contrasts the first comparative query entigen group in accordance with the comparative aspect. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the first response entigen group from the knowledge database based on the first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set comprises:
identifying a group of entigens of the knowledge database that compares favorably to the first comparative query entigen group as the first response entigen group, wherein a first entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a first entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a second entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, and wherein a first entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first comparative query entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first response entigen group. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group comprises:
identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce a comparative response entigen group; and selecting, for each entigen of the comparative response entigen group, a word associated with the entigen of the comparative response entigen group to produce the comparative response. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce the comparative response entigen group comprises:
when the comparative aspect indicates a numerical comparison type:
selecting a mathematical function based on the comparative aspect;
applying the mathematical function to corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a numerical response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the numerical response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group; and
when the comparative aspect indicates a qualitative comparison type:
selecting a qualitative comparison based on the comparative aspect;
performing the qualitative comparison on corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a qualitative response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the qualitative response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group. 7. A computing device of a computing system, the computing device comprises:
an interface; a local memory; and a processing module operably coupled to the interface and the local memory, wherein the processing module functions to:
generate a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, wherein the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query;
obtain, via the interface, a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group;
obtain, via the interface, a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group; and
generate a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group. 8. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module further functions to:
obtain, via the interface, a third response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a third comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the third response entigen group substantially includes the third comparative query entigen group; and generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group, the second response entigen group, and the third response entigen group. 9. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module functions to generate the comparative query entigen group set based on the comparative query in accordance with the identigen rules by:
identifying a set of identigens for each word of the comparative query to produce a plurality of sets of identigens; identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a set of identigens of the plurality of sets of identigens includes one or more different meanings of a word of the comparative query, wherein a first comparative query entigen of the first comparative query entigen group corresponds to an identigen of the set of identigens having a selected meaning of the one or more different meanings of the word of the comparative query; and interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the second comparative query entigen group, wherein the second comparative query entigen group contrasts the first comparative query entigen group in accordance with the comparative aspect. 10. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module functions to obtain the first response entigen group from the knowledge database based on the first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set by:
identifying a group of entigens of the knowledge database that compares favorably to the first comparative query entigen group as the first response entigen group, wherein a first entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a first entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a second entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, and wherein a first entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first comparative query entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first response entigen group. 11. The computing device of claim 7, wherein the processing module functions to generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group by:
identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce a comparative response entigen group; and selecting, for each entigen of the comparative response entigen group, a word associated with the entigen of the comparative response entigen group to produce the comparative response. 12. The computing device of claim 11, wherein the processing module functions to analyze the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce the comparative response entigen group by:
when the comparative aspect indicates a numerical comparison type:
selecting a mathematical function based on the comparative aspect;
applying the mathematical function to corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a numerical response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the numerical response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group; and
when the comparative aspect indicates a qualitative comparison type:
selecting a qualitative comparison based on the comparative aspect;
performing the qualitative comparison on corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a qualitative response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the qualitative response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group. 13. A computer readable memory comprises:
a first memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by a processing module, causes the processing module to:
generate a comparative query entigen group set based on a comparative query in accordance with identigen rules, wherein the comparative query entigen group set represents a most likely interpretation of the comparative query;
a second memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by the processing module, causes the processing module to:
obtain a first response entigen group from a knowledge database based on a first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the first response entigen group substantially includes the first comparative query entigen group; and
obtain a second response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a second comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the second response entigen group substantially includes the second comparative query entigen group; and
a third memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by the processing module, causes the processing module to:
generate a comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group. 14. The computer readable memory of claim 13 further comprises:
a fourth memory element that stores operational instructions that, when executed by the processing module, causes the processing module to:
obtain a third response entigen group from the knowledge database based on a third comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set, wherein the third response entigen group substantially includes the third comparative query entigen group; and
generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group, the second response entigen group, and the third response entigen group. 15. The computer readable memory of claim 13, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the first memory element to cause the processing module to generate the comparative query entigen group set based on the comparative query in accordance with the identigen rules by:
identifying a set of identigens for each word of the comparative query to produce a plurality of sets of identigens; identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a set of identigens of the plurality of sets of identigens includes one or more different meanings of a word of the comparative query, wherein a first comparative query entigen of the first comparative query entigen group corresponds to an identigen of the set of identigens having a selected meaning of the one or more different meanings of the word of the comparative query; and interpreting, utilizing the identigen rules and in accordance with the comparative aspect, the plurality of sets of identigens to produce the second comparative query entigen group, wherein the second comparative query entigen group contrasts the first comparative query entigen group in accordance with the comparative aspect. 16. The computer readable memory of claim 13, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the second memory element to cause the processing module to obtain the first response entigen group from the knowledge database based on the first comparative query entigen group of the comparative query entigen group set by:
identifying a group of entigens of the knowledge database that compares favorably to the first comparative query entigen group as the first response entigen group, wherein a first entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a first entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, wherein a second entigen of the first response entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen of the first comparative query entigen group, and wherein a first entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first comparative query entigen group is substantially the same as a second entigen relationship between the first and second entigens of the first response entigen group. 17. The computer readable memory of claim 13, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the third memory element to cause the processing module to generate the comparative response based on the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group by:
identifying a comparative aspect of the comparative query; analyzing the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce a comparative response entigen group; and selecting, for each entigen of the comparative response entigen group, a word associated with the entigen of the comparative response entigen group to produce the comparative response. 18. The computer readable memory of claim 17, wherein the processing module functions to execute the operational instructions stored by the third memory element to cause the processing module to analyze the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group utilizing the comparative aspect to produce the comparative response entigen group by:
when the comparative aspect indicates a numerical comparison type:
selecting a mathematical function based on the comparative aspect;
applying the mathematical function to corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a numerical response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the numerical response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group; and
when the comparative aspect indicates a qualitative comparison type:
selecting a qualitative comparison based on the comparative aspect;
performing the qualitative comparison on corresponding portions of the first response entigen group and the second response entigen group to produce a qualitative response; and
generating the comparative response entigen group based on the qualitative response, the first response entigen group, and the second response entigen group. | 1,600 |
339,850 | 16,800,803 | 1,611 | Embodiments disclose an uplink data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: determining M transmission areas allocated to a terminal device, and generating first information used to indicate the M transmission areas, where M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and a frequency range that are specified by a communications system. The method also includes determining, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas, second information used to indicate a transport block size. The method also includes sending an indication message to the terminal device, so that the terminal device transmits uplink data according to the indication message, where the indication message includes the first information and the second information. | 1. An apparatus, comprising:
a receiver, configured to receive an indication message sent by a network device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; a processor, configured to determine a transport block size according to a first coding rate and a first time-frequency resource that are indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information; and a transmitter, configured to send, on the first time-frequency resource, a first uplink transmission to the network device according to the transport block size. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information of the coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission is an index corresponding to the coding rate. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine the transport block size according to the first coding rate, a modulation order, and a quantity of resource elements (REs) that are in the first time-frequency resource and available for use to transmit data. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the REs do not comprise REs used for transmitting a pilot signal. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a broadcast channel that carries the indication message. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a dedicated control channel that carries the indication message. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the indication message is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message transmitted on the dedicated control channel. 8. A method, comprising:
sending an indication message to a terminal device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; and receiving a first uplink transmission on a first time-frequency resource indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information and according to a transport block size, the transport block size determined according to a first coding rate indicated by the first piece of information. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the information of the coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission is an index corresponding to the coding rate. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the method further comprises:
decoding the received first uplink transmission according to the transport block size that is determined according to the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the transport block size is determined based on a modulation order, the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information, and a quantity of recource elements (REs) that are in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information and that are available for use to transmit data. 12. The method according to claim 8, wherein sending the indication message to the terminal device comprises:
carrying the indication message on a broadcast channel, and sending, in a broadcast manner, the indication message to all or some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carrying the indication message on a dedicated control channel, and sending, in a unicast manner, the indication message to the terminal device or one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device. 13. The method according to claim 8, wherein the indication message is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message that is unicast to a specific terminal device or a specific group of terminal devices. 14. An apparatus, comprising:
a transmitter, configured to send an indication message to a terminal device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; and a receiver, configured to receive a first uplink transmission on a first time-frequency resource indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information and according to a transport block size, the transport block size determined according to a first coding rate indicated by the first piece of information. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the information of the coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission is an index corresponding to the coding rate. 16. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the apparatus further comprises a processor, which is configured to decode the received first uplink transmission according to the transport block size that is determined according to the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information. 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the transport block size is determined based on a modulation order, the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information, and a quantity of resource elements (REs) that are in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information and that are available for use to transmit data. 18. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the transmitter is further configured to:
carry the indication message on a broadcast channel, and send, in a broadcast manner, the indication message to all or some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carry the indication message on a dedicated control channel, and send, in a unicast manner, the indication message to the terminal device or one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device. 19. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the transmitter is further configured to unicast a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message to a specific terminal device or a specific group of terminal devices, wherein the RRC reconfiguration message carries the indication message. 20. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by a processor to implement a method comprising:
receiving an indication message sent by a network device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; determining a transport block size according to a first coding rate and a first time-frequency resource that are indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information; and sending, on the first time-frequency resource, a first uplink transmission to the network device according to the transport block size. 21. A computer-readable storage medium storaging instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by a processor to implement a method comprising:
sending an indication message to a terminal device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; and receiving a first uplink transmission on a first time-frequency resource indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information and according to a transport block size, the transport block size determined according to a first coding rate indicated by the first piece of information. | Embodiments disclose an uplink data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: determining M transmission areas allocated to a terminal device, and generating first information used to indicate the M transmission areas, where M is a positive integer, and the transmission area represents an air interface time-frequency resource that includes a time range and a frequency range that are specified by a communications system. The method also includes determining, for each transmission area of the M transmission areas, second information used to indicate a transport block size. The method also includes sending an indication message to the terminal device, so that the terminal device transmits uplink data according to the indication message, where the indication message includes the first information and the second information.1. An apparatus, comprising:
a receiver, configured to receive an indication message sent by a network device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; a processor, configured to determine a transport block size according to a first coding rate and a first time-frequency resource that are indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information; and a transmitter, configured to send, on the first time-frequency resource, a first uplink transmission to the network device according to the transport block size. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information of the coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission is an index corresponding to the coding rate. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
determine the transport block size according to the first coding rate, a modulation order, and a quantity of resource elements (REs) that are in the first time-frequency resource and available for use to transmit data. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the REs do not comprise REs used for transmitting a pilot signal. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a broadcast channel that carries the indication message. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a dedicated control channel that carries the indication message. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the indication message is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message transmitted on the dedicated control channel. 8. A method, comprising:
sending an indication message to a terminal device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; and receiving a first uplink transmission on a first time-frequency resource indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information and according to a transport block size, the transport block size determined according to a first coding rate indicated by the first piece of information. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the information of the coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission is an index corresponding to the coding rate. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the method further comprises:
decoding the received first uplink transmission according to the transport block size that is determined according to the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the transport block size is determined based on a modulation order, the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information, and a quantity of recource elements (REs) that are in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information and that are available for use to transmit data. 12. The method according to claim 8, wherein sending the indication message to the terminal device comprises:
carrying the indication message on a broadcast channel, and sending, in a broadcast manner, the indication message to all or some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carrying the indication message on a dedicated control channel, and sending, in a unicast manner, the indication message to the terminal device or one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device. 13. The method according to claim 8, wherein the indication message is carried in a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message that is unicast to a specific terminal device or a specific group of terminal devices. 14. An apparatus, comprising:
a transmitter, configured to send an indication message to a terminal device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; and a receiver, configured to receive a first uplink transmission on a first time-frequency resource indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information and according to a transport block size, the transport block size determined according to a first coding rate indicated by the first piece of information. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the information of the coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission is an index corresponding to the coding rate. 16. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the apparatus further comprises a processor, which is configured to decode the received first uplink transmission according to the transport block size that is determined according to the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information. 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the transport block size is determined based on a modulation order, the first coding rate associated with the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information, and a quantity of resource elements (REs) that are in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information and that are available for use to transmit data. 18. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the transmitter is further configured to:
carry the indication message on a broadcast channel, and send, in a broadcast manner, the indication message to all or some of terminal devices served by a network device; or carry the indication message on a dedicated control channel, and send, in a unicast manner, the indication message to the terminal device or one specific group of terminal devices served by the network device. 19. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the transmitter is further configured to unicast a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message to a specific terminal device or a specific group of terminal devices, wherein the RRC reconfiguration message carries the indication message. 20. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by a processor to implement a method comprising:
receiving an indication message sent by a network device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; determining a transport block size according to a first coding rate and a first time-frequency resource that are indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information; and sending, on the first time-frequency resource, a first uplink transmission to the network device according to the transport block size. 21. A computer-readable storage medium storaging instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by a processor to implement a method comprising:
sending an indication message to a terminal device, wherein the indication message comprises M pieces of information, wherein M is a positive integer, and each of the M pieces of information comprises information indicating a time-frequency reource for uplink transmission and information of a coding rate associated with the time-frequency resource for uplink transmission, and the information indicating the time-frequency reource for uplink transmission comprises a time domain assignment, a time domain period, a time domain offset, and a frequency domain assignment; and receiving a first uplink transmission on a first time-frequency resource indicated by a first piece of information of the M pieces of information and according to a transport block size, the transport block size determined according to a first coding rate indicated by the first piece of information. | 1,600 |
339,851 | 16,800,823 | 3,711 | A novel space theme amusement park ride is disclosed consisting of a fleet of sophisticated bumper-car type vehicles operated by players within a large dome covered facility. The vehicles are configured to resemble combat spacecraft and are equipped to float above the floor on an air cushion supplied by mechanisms within the vehicle. Each space car vehicle seats a number of players who work as a team and play different roles within the space car such as gunner, helmsman, and Captain. The vehicles are equipped with functioning controls that perform and/or simulate various functions, such as steering, spin control, communications, and simulated weapons' systems. The vehicles and auxiliary equipment include automated devices that override player controls when needed to keep player vehicles within safety limits and to direct the vehicles off the floor at the end of their rides. The floor is circular and may be a thousand feet or more in diameter and simultaneously support 100 to 150 space cars, as for example. The playing floor may be surrounded by a multi-level shopping mall and parking garages that adhere to the space theme. The playing floor may also be encircled by viewing areas, bleachers, restaurants, cafes, and the like that make use of the simulated combat taking place on the gaming floor as visual entertainment to spectators. | 1. A bumper car amusement park ride, comprising:
a large arena; at least two bumper cars operatively configures to maneuver along a floor of said arena, each of said at least two bumper cars including an air-cushion generating device for generating a cushion of air on which to float above the floor, wherein said bumper cars are configured to be occupied by at least one passenger/player, said bumper cars are in part controlled by said at least one passenger/player and in part controlled by an automated system; a launching and retrieval/docking area operatively positioned with said arena and configured to launch said bumper cars to enter said arena ; and a retrieval/docking area operatively positioned with said arena and configured to retrieve said bumper cars to exit said arena. 2. A bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, whereby the bumper cars are configured as simulated spacecraft. 3. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 2, wherein each of the bumper cars includes air jets that can be controlled by at least one passenger/player to steer, change speed and maneuver a corresponding bumper car. 4. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 2, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with one or more simulated laser guns by which to engage in simulated combat with other bumper cars. 5. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 4, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with detector panels that can detect a hit by a simulated laser gun from another bumper car. 6. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
a central control computer and related software wherein said central control computer is located external to said bumper cars and operatively connected to communicate with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed. 7. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, wherein each of said bumper cars includes a vehicular control computer and related software operatively connected to communicate with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses. 8. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
a central control computer and related software wherein said central control computer is located external to said bumper cars and operatively connected to communicate with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed, wherein each of said bumper cars includes a vehicular control computer and related software operatively connected to communicate with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses, and said central control computer operatively communicates with said vehicular control computers for the exchange of information and commands. 9. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to be occupied by a plurality of passengers/players, each of the passengers/players being assigned a specific task for operating the respective bumper car. 10. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 9, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to include a plurality of player control stations corresponding to the plurality of passengers/players in the respective bumper car, each of the plurality of player control stations corresponding to the specific task assigned to each of the passengers/players. 11. A method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride that includes a large arena, at least two bumper cars operatively configures to maneuver along a floor of said arena, each of said at least two bumper cars including an air-cushion generating device for generating a cushion of air on which to float above the floor, the method comprising the steps of:
occupying each of said bumper cars with at least one passenger/player; controlling each of said bumper cars are in part by said at least one passenger/player and in part by an automated system; a launching said bumper cars to enter said arena; further controlling said bumper cars such that said bumper cars move in a circular pattern around and progressively closer to a center of the circular arena; and retrieving said bumper cars to exit said arena when said bumper cars reach a predetermined position near the center of the circular arena, wherein said bumper cars are allowed limited maneuvering in the circular arena while moving progressively closer to the center of the circular arena. 12. A method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 11, whereby the bumper cars are configured as simulated spacecraft. 13. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 12, wherein each of the bumper cars includes air jets that can be controlled by at least one passenger/player to steer, change speed and maneuver a corresponding bumper car. 14. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 12, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with one or more simulated laser guns by which to engage in simulated combat with other bumper cars. 15. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 4, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with detector panels that can detect a hit by a simulated laser gun from another bumper car. 16. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
providing a central control computer and related software located external to said bumper cars, wherein the central control computer communicates with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed. 17. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
providing each of said bumper cars with a vehicular control computer and related software, wherein the vehicular control computer communicates with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses. 18. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
providing a central control computer and related software located external to said bumper cars, wherein the central control computer communicates with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed; and providing each of said bumper cars with a vehicular control computer and related software, wherein the vehicular control computer communicates with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses, wherein said central control computer operatively communicates with said vehicular control computers for the exchange of information and commands. 19. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to be occupied by a plurality of passengers/players, each of the passengers/players being assigned a specific task for operating the respective bumper car. 20. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 9, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to include a plurality of player control stations corresponding to the plurality of passengers/players in the respective bumper car, each of the plurality of player control stations corresponding to the specific task assigned to each of the passengers/players. | A novel space theme amusement park ride is disclosed consisting of a fleet of sophisticated bumper-car type vehicles operated by players within a large dome covered facility. The vehicles are configured to resemble combat spacecraft and are equipped to float above the floor on an air cushion supplied by mechanisms within the vehicle. Each space car vehicle seats a number of players who work as a team and play different roles within the space car such as gunner, helmsman, and Captain. The vehicles are equipped with functioning controls that perform and/or simulate various functions, such as steering, spin control, communications, and simulated weapons' systems. The vehicles and auxiliary equipment include automated devices that override player controls when needed to keep player vehicles within safety limits and to direct the vehicles off the floor at the end of their rides. The floor is circular and may be a thousand feet or more in diameter and simultaneously support 100 to 150 space cars, as for example. The playing floor may be surrounded by a multi-level shopping mall and parking garages that adhere to the space theme. The playing floor may also be encircled by viewing areas, bleachers, restaurants, cafes, and the like that make use of the simulated combat taking place on the gaming floor as visual entertainment to spectators.1. A bumper car amusement park ride, comprising:
a large arena; at least two bumper cars operatively configures to maneuver along a floor of said arena, each of said at least two bumper cars including an air-cushion generating device for generating a cushion of air on which to float above the floor, wherein said bumper cars are configured to be occupied by at least one passenger/player, said bumper cars are in part controlled by said at least one passenger/player and in part controlled by an automated system; a launching and retrieval/docking area operatively positioned with said arena and configured to launch said bumper cars to enter said arena ; and a retrieval/docking area operatively positioned with said arena and configured to retrieve said bumper cars to exit said arena. 2. A bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, whereby the bumper cars are configured as simulated spacecraft. 3. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 2, wherein each of the bumper cars includes air jets that can be controlled by at least one passenger/player to steer, change speed and maneuver a corresponding bumper car. 4. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 2, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with one or more simulated laser guns by which to engage in simulated combat with other bumper cars. 5. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 4, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with detector panels that can detect a hit by a simulated laser gun from another bumper car. 6. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
a central control computer and related software wherein said central control computer is located external to said bumper cars and operatively connected to communicate with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed. 7. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, wherein each of said bumper cars includes a vehicular control computer and related software operatively connected to communicate with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses. 8. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
a central control computer and related software wherein said central control computer is located external to said bumper cars and operatively connected to communicate with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed, wherein each of said bumper cars includes a vehicular control computer and related software operatively connected to communicate with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses, and said central control computer operatively communicates with said vehicular control computers for the exchange of information and commands. 9. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to be occupied by a plurality of passengers/players, each of the passengers/players being assigned a specific task for operating the respective bumper car. 10. The bumper car amusement park ride of claim 9, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to include a plurality of player control stations corresponding to the plurality of passengers/players in the respective bumper car, each of the plurality of player control stations corresponding to the specific task assigned to each of the passengers/players. 11. A method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride that includes a large arena, at least two bumper cars operatively configures to maneuver along a floor of said arena, each of said at least two bumper cars including an air-cushion generating device for generating a cushion of air on which to float above the floor, the method comprising the steps of:
occupying each of said bumper cars with at least one passenger/player; controlling each of said bumper cars are in part by said at least one passenger/player and in part by an automated system; a launching said bumper cars to enter said arena; further controlling said bumper cars such that said bumper cars move in a circular pattern around and progressively closer to a center of the circular arena; and retrieving said bumper cars to exit said arena when said bumper cars reach a predetermined position near the center of the circular arena, wherein said bumper cars are allowed limited maneuvering in the circular arena while moving progressively closer to the center of the circular arena. 12. A method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 11, whereby the bumper cars are configured as simulated spacecraft. 13. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 12, wherein each of the bumper cars includes air jets that can be controlled by at least one passenger/player to steer, change speed and maneuver a corresponding bumper car. 14. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 12, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with one or more simulated laser guns by which to engage in simulated combat with other bumper cars. 15. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 4, wherein each of the bumper cars is equipped with detector panels that can detect a hit by a simulated laser gun from another bumper car. 16. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
providing a central control computer and related software located external to said bumper cars, wherein the central control computer communicates with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed. 17. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
providing each of said bumper cars with a vehicular control computer and related software, wherein the vehicular control computer communicates with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses. 18. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, further comprising:
providing a central control computer and related software located external to said bumper cars, wherein the central control computer communicates with said bumper cars so as to monitor position and operation of the bumper cars and to take partial or full control over the bumper cars as needed; and providing each of said bumper cars with a vehicular control computer and related software, wherein the vehicular control computer communicates with at least one player operated control panel and vehicle devices and sensors, and to translate player commands into vehicular responses, wherein said central control computer operatively communicates with said vehicular control computers for the exchange of information and commands. 19. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 1, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to be occupied by a plurality of passengers/players, each of the passengers/players being assigned a specific task for operating the respective bumper car. 20. The method for operating a bumper car amusement park ride of claim 9, wherein each of said bumper cars is further configured to include a plurality of player control stations corresponding to the plurality of passengers/players in the respective bumper car, each of the plurality of player control stations corresponding to the specific task assigned to each of the passengers/players. | 3,700 |
339,852 | 16,800,791 | 3,711 | A seal arrangement is provided for sealing an exposed edge of a composite laminate part having a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure. The seal arrangement includes a precured edge seal covering the exposed edge and a cover covering the edge seal. A seal bead located within a recess in the fay surface of the part forms a seal between the part and the structure. | 1. A seal arrangement for a part having an exposed edge and a fay surface, comprising:
an edge seal covering the exposed edge; a cover covering the edge seal; a recess adjacent the fay surface; and a seal bead located within the recess and configured to form a seal between the fay surface and a structure to which the part is joined. 2. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the edge seal is a precured polymer. 3. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the recess is located in the fay surface of the part. 4. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the recess is located in the cover. 5. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the seal bead has a cross-sectional area that is greater than a cross-sectional area of the recess, such that a portion of the seal bead extends outside of the recess and is forced between the cover and the structure when the part is joined to the structure. 6. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the recess is located between the part and the cover. 7. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein:
the part includes a notch in the fay surface adjacent the exposed edge, and the seal bead is located within the notch. 8. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein:
the part includes a top surface opposite the fay surface, and the cover overlaps the top surface, the exposed edge, and the fay surface. 9. Fabricating a portion of an aircraft using the seal arrangement of claim 1. 10. A seal arrangement for a part having an exposed edge and a fay surface, comprising:
an edge seal covering the exposed edge; a cover covering the edge seal; and a seal bead configured to form a seal between the fay surface and a structure to which the part is joined. 11. The seal arrangement of claim 10, further comprising:
a recess in the part adjacent the fay surface, wherein the seal bead is located in the recess. 12. The seal arrangement of claim 11, wherein the recess is in the fay surface. 13. The seal arrangement of claim 11, wherein the recess is in the cover. 14. Fabricating a portion of an aircraft using the seal arrangement of claim 10. 15. An edge seal arrangement for sealing an exposed edge of a composite laminate part, comprising:
a polymer edge seal covering the exposed edge; and a cover protectively covering the edge seal. 16. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein:
the part includes a top surface adjacent the exposed edge and a portion of the polymer edge seal covers a portion of the top surface, and the cover extends over and covers the portion of the polymer edge seal. 17. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein:
the part includes a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure, the part further including a notch therein adjacent the fay surface, a portion of the polymer edge seal extends into the notch, and the cover extends into the notch and covers the portion of the polymer edge seal. 18. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein the cover includes standoffs configured to engage the exposed edge and maintain a desired spacing between the cover and the exposed edge. 19. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein the part has a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure, and the seal arrangement further comprises:
a recess in the fay surface, and a seal bead located within the recess in the fay surface, the seal bead being configured to form a seal between the fay surface and the structure. 20. The edge seal arrangement of claim 19, wherein the part has a surface configured to be joined to a structure, and the seal arrangement further comprises:
a recess in the cover, and a seal bead located within the recess in the cover, the seal bead being configured to form a seal between the fay surface and the structure. 21. The edge seal arrangement of claim 19, wherein the part has a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure and includes a recess adjacent to the fay surface therein, and
the edge seal arrangement further includes a seal bead located within the recess and including a portion extending outside of the recess such that the portion extending outside of the recess is forced to flow between the fay surface and the structure when the part is joined to the structure. 22. Fabricating a portion of an aircraft using the edge seal arrangement of claim 15. 23. A method of joining a fay surface of a part having an exposed edge with a structure, comprising:
applying an edge seal on the exposed edge of the part; installing a cover over the edge seal; forming a recess; placing a seal bead in the recess; and bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure, including forming a seal between the fay surface of the part and the structure using the seal bead. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure includes forming a seal between the cover and the structure using the seal bead. 25. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
forming a recess in the fay surface of the part; and placing a seal bead in the recess, wherein forming a seal between the fay surface of the part of the structure includes spreading the seal bead by squeezing the seal bead between the fay surface of the part and the structure. 26. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
forming a recess in the cover; and placing a seal bead in the recess, wherein the seal bead is configured to spread as the fay surface of the part is brought into contact with the structure. 27. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
trimming the cover to a desired size after the cover has been installed on the exposed edge. 28. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
curing the edge seal and the seal bead. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein curing the seal bead is performed after the bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure. 30. A portion of an aircraft assembled according to the method of claim 23. 31. A method of joining a fay surface of a part having an exposed edge with a structure, comprising:
forming a recess in the part adjacent the fay surface; placing a seal bead in the recess; and bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure, including forcing at least a portion of the seal bead along an interface between the fay surface and the structure. 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising:
applying an edge seal on the exposed edge of the part; and installing a cover over the edge seal, wherein forming a seal between the fay surface of the part and the structure includes forcing the seal bead into a gap between the cover and the structure. 33. A portion of an aircraft assembled according to the method of claim 32. | A seal arrangement is provided for sealing an exposed edge of a composite laminate part having a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure. The seal arrangement includes a precured edge seal covering the exposed edge and a cover covering the edge seal. A seal bead located within a recess in the fay surface of the part forms a seal between the part and the structure.1. A seal arrangement for a part having an exposed edge and a fay surface, comprising:
an edge seal covering the exposed edge; a cover covering the edge seal; a recess adjacent the fay surface; and a seal bead located within the recess and configured to form a seal between the fay surface and a structure to which the part is joined. 2. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the edge seal is a precured polymer. 3. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the recess is located in the fay surface of the part. 4. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the recess is located in the cover. 5. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the seal bead has a cross-sectional area that is greater than a cross-sectional area of the recess, such that a portion of the seal bead extends outside of the recess and is forced between the cover and the structure when the part is joined to the structure. 6. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein the recess is located between the part and the cover. 7. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein:
the part includes a notch in the fay surface adjacent the exposed edge, and the seal bead is located within the notch. 8. The seal arrangement of claim 1, wherein:
the part includes a top surface opposite the fay surface, and the cover overlaps the top surface, the exposed edge, and the fay surface. 9. Fabricating a portion of an aircraft using the seal arrangement of claim 1. 10. A seal arrangement for a part having an exposed edge and a fay surface, comprising:
an edge seal covering the exposed edge; a cover covering the edge seal; and a seal bead configured to form a seal between the fay surface and a structure to which the part is joined. 11. The seal arrangement of claim 10, further comprising:
a recess in the part adjacent the fay surface, wherein the seal bead is located in the recess. 12. The seal arrangement of claim 11, wherein the recess is in the fay surface. 13. The seal arrangement of claim 11, wherein the recess is in the cover. 14. Fabricating a portion of an aircraft using the seal arrangement of claim 10. 15. An edge seal arrangement for sealing an exposed edge of a composite laminate part, comprising:
a polymer edge seal covering the exposed edge; and a cover protectively covering the edge seal. 16. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein:
the part includes a top surface adjacent the exposed edge and a portion of the polymer edge seal covers a portion of the top surface, and the cover extends over and covers the portion of the polymer edge seal. 17. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein:
the part includes a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure, the part further including a notch therein adjacent the fay surface, a portion of the polymer edge seal extends into the notch, and the cover extends into the notch and covers the portion of the polymer edge seal. 18. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein the cover includes standoffs configured to engage the exposed edge and maintain a desired spacing between the cover and the exposed edge. 19. The edge seal arrangement of claim 15, wherein the part has a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure, and the seal arrangement further comprises:
a recess in the fay surface, and a seal bead located within the recess in the fay surface, the seal bead being configured to form a seal between the fay surface and the structure. 20. The edge seal arrangement of claim 19, wherein the part has a surface configured to be joined to a structure, and the seal arrangement further comprises:
a recess in the cover, and a seal bead located within the recess in the cover, the seal bead being configured to form a seal between the fay surface and the structure. 21. The edge seal arrangement of claim 19, wherein the part has a fay surface configured to be joined to a structure and includes a recess adjacent to the fay surface therein, and
the edge seal arrangement further includes a seal bead located within the recess and including a portion extending outside of the recess such that the portion extending outside of the recess is forced to flow between the fay surface and the structure when the part is joined to the structure. 22. Fabricating a portion of an aircraft using the edge seal arrangement of claim 15. 23. A method of joining a fay surface of a part having an exposed edge with a structure, comprising:
applying an edge seal on the exposed edge of the part; installing a cover over the edge seal; forming a recess; placing a seal bead in the recess; and bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure, including forming a seal between the fay surface of the part and the structure using the seal bead. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure includes forming a seal between the cover and the structure using the seal bead. 25. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
forming a recess in the fay surface of the part; and placing a seal bead in the recess, wherein forming a seal between the fay surface of the part of the structure includes spreading the seal bead by squeezing the seal bead between the fay surface of the part and the structure. 26. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
forming a recess in the cover; and placing a seal bead in the recess, wherein the seal bead is configured to spread as the fay surface of the part is brought into contact with the structure. 27. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
trimming the cover to a desired size after the cover has been installed on the exposed edge. 28. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
curing the edge seal and the seal bead. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein curing the seal bead is performed after the bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure. 30. A portion of an aircraft assembled according to the method of claim 23. 31. A method of joining a fay surface of a part having an exposed edge with a structure, comprising:
forming a recess in the part adjacent the fay surface; placing a seal bead in the recess; and bringing the fay surface of the part into contact with the structure, including forcing at least a portion of the seal bead along an interface between the fay surface and the structure. 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising:
applying an edge seal on the exposed edge of the part; and installing a cover over the edge seal, wherein forming a seal between the fay surface of the part and the structure includes forcing the seal bead into a gap between the cover and the structure. 33. A portion of an aircraft assembled according to the method of claim 32. | 3,700 |
339,853 | 16,800,831 | 3,711 | A cabinet apparatus including a housing having a cavity, a door that closes the cavity, and a support assembly that is coupled to the cabinet assembly. The support assembly may be movable in accordance with several different types of movement. For example, the support assembly may be movable upwardly and downwardly relative to the cabinet assembly along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly. The support assembly may be rotatable about a first rotational axis to move a holding component of the support assembly between a stowed position in which the holding component is stored away and a deployed position in which the holding component protrudes from a periphery of the cabinet assembly. The support assembly may be rotatable about a second rotational axis to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly. | 1. A cabinet apparatus comprising:
a cabinet assembly having a longitudinal axis and comprising:
a housing comprising a cavity having a front opening; and
a door coupled to the housing to close the front opening of the cavity; and
a support assembly coupled to the cabinet assembly and movable vertically relative to the cabinet assembly in opposing directions parallel to the longitudinal axis, the support assembly comprising a holding component configured to hold an article for viewing by a user, the holding component being rotatable relative to the cabinet assembly about a first rotational axis between: (1) a stowed position whereby the door is closed and the holding component is located inside the cavity of the housing; and (2) a deployed position whereby the door is closed and the holding component is located outside the cavity of the housing; and wherein the holding component is configured to hold the article in a detachable manner such that the article is completely separated from the holding component when the article is detached from the holding component. 2. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the holding component is rotatable relative to the cabinet assembly about a second rotational axis that is spaced apart from the first rotational axis to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from a periphery of the cabinet assembly when in the deployed position to modify a viewing angle of the article being held by the holding component as perceived by a user. 3. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the first and second rotational axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet. 4. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the support assembly comprises a mounting assembly that is slidably coupled to the cabinet assembly, a hinge plate that is pivotably coupled to the mounting assembly, and the holding component that is pivotably coupled to the hinge plate, and wherein the first rotational axis is formed at a connection between the hinge plate and the mounting assembly and the second rotational axis is formed at a connection between the hinge plate and the holding component. 5. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the support assembly comprises a locking feature for locking the holding component in any one of a plurality of viewing angles. 6. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the second rotational axis is located inside the cavity when the holding component is in the stowed position and the door is closed and outside the cavity when the holding component is in the deployed position and the door is closed. 7. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the support assembly is movable vertically along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis, the vertical axis lying in a reference plane that is perpendicular to the door, and wherein the first and second rotational axes are located on the same side of the reference plane when the holding component is in the stowed position and on opposite sides of the reference plane when the holding component is in the deployed position. 8. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the support assembly comprises:
a mounting assembly for mounting the support assembly to the cabinet;
the holding component; and
a linkage assembly that is pivotably coupled to the mounting assembly and to the holding component. 9. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the linkage assembly comprises a hinge pin and a hinge plate, the hinge plate comprising a first end having a first attachment portion and a second end having a second attachment portion, the hinge pin being coupled to the mounting assembly and to the first attachment portion of the hinge plate, and the holding component comprising an attachment member that is pivotably coupled to the second attachment portion of the hinge plate. 10. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the connection between the hinge pin and the hinge plate forms the first rotational axis and wherein the connection between the hinge pin and the mounting assembly forms a third rotational axis that is parallel to the first rotational axis, wherein the holding component comprises a base member, a first clamp arm coupled to the base member, and a second clamp arm coupled to the base member, at least one of the first and second clamp arms being movable relative to the base member to facilitate the coupling of the article to the holding component, wherein the attachment member of the holding component comprises a cylindrical element extending from the base member and a plurality of protuberances extending from an outer surface of the cylindrical element, the cylindrical element being pivotably coupled to the second attachment portion of the hinge plate and the plurality of protuberances interacting with an end surface of the hinge plate to lock the holding component in one of a plurality of different viewing angles relative to the housing component when the holding component is in the deployed position. 11.-14. (canceled) 15. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the holding component is a clamp comprising first and second clamp arms, at least one of the first and second clamp arms being movable relative to the other one of the first and second clamp arms so that the holding component can hold articles of varying size. 16. (canceled) 17. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the support assembly moves vertically relative to the cabinet assembly by sliding the support assembly relative to the cabinet assembly while the support assembly remains coupled to the cabinet assembly. 18. A cabinet apparatus comprising:
a cabinet assembly having a longitudinal axis and comprising:
a housing comprising a cavity having a front opening; and
a door coupled to the housing to close the front opening of the cavity;
a support assembly coupled to the cabinet assembly, the support assembly comprising a holding component configured to hold an article for viewing by a user, the holding component being rotatable relative to the cabinet assembly about: (1) a first rotational axis to move the holding component between a stowed position whereby the holding component does not protrude from a periphery of the cabinet assembly and a deployed position whereby the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly; and (2) a second rotational axis to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly when the holding component is in the deployed position; wherein the first and second rotational axes are spaced apart from one another and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly; and wherein the holding component is configured to extend from the cabinet assembly at a plurality of different angles by rotating the holding component about the second rotational axis, and wherein the support assembly comprises a locking feature for locking the holding component in any of the plurality of different angles. 19. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the support assembly comprises a mounting assembly disposed within a track located on an inner surface of the door, the support assembly being movable upwardly and downwardly along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly while remaining coupled to the cabinet assembly with the mounting assembly disposed within the track. 20. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the holding component comprises an attachment member that is rotatably coupled to a hinge plate for rotation of the holding component about the second rotational axis, the attachment member comprising a plurality of protuberances arranged in a spaced apart manner that selectively engage the hinge plate as the holding component rotates about the second rotational axis to form the locking feature. 21. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the holding component comprises a first clamp arm and a second clamp arm, at least one of the first and second clamp arms being movable relative to the other one of the first and second clamp arms so that the holding component can hold articles of varying size. 22.-24. (canceled) 25. A cabinet apparatus comprising:
a cabinet assembly having a longitudinal axis: and a support assembly comprising a holding component configured to detachably hold an electronic device for viewing by a user, the support assembly movably coupled to the cabinet assembly so that the support assembly can move relative to the cabinet assembly in accordance with a plurality of types of movement comprising: (1) upwardly and downwardly along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly to adjust an elevation of the support assembly relative to the cabinet assembly; (2) rotationally about a first rotational axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly to move the holding component of the support assembly between a stowed position in which no portion of the support assembly protrudes from a periphery of the cabinet assembly and a deployed position in which the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly; and (3) rotationally about a second rotational axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from the cabinet assembly when in the deployed position; and wherein the holding component comprises a first clamp arm and a second clamp arm that are spaced apart from one another to define a holding region within which the electronic device is located when the electronic device is held by the holding component. 26. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 25 wherein the cabinet assembly comprises a housing having a cavity and a door that closes an open front end of the cavity when in a closed state, wherein in the deployed position the holding component and the second rotational axis are located outside of the cavity of the housing. 27. (canceled) 29. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 25 wherein the support assembly remains coupled to the cabinet assembly during movement of the support assembly in accordance with each of the plurality of types of movement. 29.-33. (canceled) 34. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the holding component wraps at least partially around a peripheral edge of the article when the holding component holds the article. | A cabinet apparatus including a housing having a cavity, a door that closes the cavity, and a support assembly that is coupled to the cabinet assembly. The support assembly may be movable in accordance with several different types of movement. For example, the support assembly may be movable upwardly and downwardly relative to the cabinet assembly along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly. The support assembly may be rotatable about a first rotational axis to move a holding component of the support assembly between a stowed position in which the holding component is stored away and a deployed position in which the holding component protrudes from a periphery of the cabinet assembly. The support assembly may be rotatable about a second rotational axis to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly.1. A cabinet apparatus comprising:
a cabinet assembly having a longitudinal axis and comprising:
a housing comprising a cavity having a front opening; and
a door coupled to the housing to close the front opening of the cavity; and
a support assembly coupled to the cabinet assembly and movable vertically relative to the cabinet assembly in opposing directions parallel to the longitudinal axis, the support assembly comprising a holding component configured to hold an article for viewing by a user, the holding component being rotatable relative to the cabinet assembly about a first rotational axis between: (1) a stowed position whereby the door is closed and the holding component is located inside the cavity of the housing; and (2) a deployed position whereby the door is closed and the holding component is located outside the cavity of the housing; and wherein the holding component is configured to hold the article in a detachable manner such that the article is completely separated from the holding component when the article is detached from the holding component. 2. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the holding component is rotatable relative to the cabinet assembly about a second rotational axis that is spaced apart from the first rotational axis to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from a periphery of the cabinet assembly when in the deployed position to modify a viewing angle of the article being held by the holding component as perceived by a user. 3. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the first and second rotational axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet. 4. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the support assembly comprises a mounting assembly that is slidably coupled to the cabinet assembly, a hinge plate that is pivotably coupled to the mounting assembly, and the holding component that is pivotably coupled to the hinge plate, and wherein the first rotational axis is formed at a connection between the hinge plate and the mounting assembly and the second rotational axis is formed at a connection between the hinge plate and the holding component. 5. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the support assembly comprises a locking feature for locking the holding component in any one of a plurality of viewing angles. 6. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the second rotational axis is located inside the cavity when the holding component is in the stowed position and the door is closed and outside the cavity when the holding component is in the deployed position and the door is closed. 7. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the support assembly is movable vertically along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis, the vertical axis lying in a reference plane that is perpendicular to the door, and wherein the first and second rotational axes are located on the same side of the reference plane when the holding component is in the stowed position and on opposite sides of the reference plane when the holding component is in the deployed position. 8. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the support assembly comprises:
a mounting assembly for mounting the support assembly to the cabinet;
the holding component; and
a linkage assembly that is pivotably coupled to the mounting assembly and to the holding component. 9. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the linkage assembly comprises a hinge pin and a hinge plate, the hinge plate comprising a first end having a first attachment portion and a second end having a second attachment portion, the hinge pin being coupled to the mounting assembly and to the first attachment portion of the hinge plate, and the holding component comprising an attachment member that is pivotably coupled to the second attachment portion of the hinge plate. 10. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 9 wherein the connection between the hinge pin and the hinge plate forms the first rotational axis and wherein the connection between the hinge pin and the mounting assembly forms a third rotational axis that is parallel to the first rotational axis, wherein the holding component comprises a base member, a first clamp arm coupled to the base member, and a second clamp arm coupled to the base member, at least one of the first and second clamp arms being movable relative to the base member to facilitate the coupling of the article to the holding component, wherein the attachment member of the holding component comprises a cylindrical element extending from the base member and a plurality of protuberances extending from an outer surface of the cylindrical element, the cylindrical element being pivotably coupled to the second attachment portion of the hinge plate and the plurality of protuberances interacting with an end surface of the hinge plate to lock the holding component in one of a plurality of different viewing angles relative to the housing component when the holding component is in the deployed position. 11.-14. (canceled) 15. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the holding component is a clamp comprising first and second clamp arms, at least one of the first and second clamp arms being movable relative to the other one of the first and second clamp arms so that the holding component can hold articles of varying size. 16. (canceled) 17. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the support assembly moves vertically relative to the cabinet assembly by sliding the support assembly relative to the cabinet assembly while the support assembly remains coupled to the cabinet assembly. 18. A cabinet apparatus comprising:
a cabinet assembly having a longitudinal axis and comprising:
a housing comprising a cavity having a front opening; and
a door coupled to the housing to close the front opening of the cavity;
a support assembly coupled to the cabinet assembly, the support assembly comprising a holding component configured to hold an article for viewing by a user, the holding component being rotatable relative to the cabinet assembly about: (1) a first rotational axis to move the holding component between a stowed position whereby the holding component does not protrude from a periphery of the cabinet assembly and a deployed position whereby the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly; and (2) a second rotational axis to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly when the holding component is in the deployed position; wherein the first and second rotational axes are spaced apart from one another and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly; and wherein the holding component is configured to extend from the cabinet assembly at a plurality of different angles by rotating the holding component about the second rotational axis, and wherein the support assembly comprises a locking feature for locking the holding component in any of the plurality of different angles. 19. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the support assembly comprises a mounting assembly disposed within a track located on an inner surface of the door, the support assembly being movable upwardly and downwardly along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly while remaining coupled to the cabinet assembly with the mounting assembly disposed within the track. 20. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the holding component comprises an attachment member that is rotatably coupled to a hinge plate for rotation of the holding component about the second rotational axis, the attachment member comprising a plurality of protuberances arranged in a spaced apart manner that selectively engage the hinge plate as the holding component rotates about the second rotational axis to form the locking feature. 21. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the holding component comprises a first clamp arm and a second clamp arm, at least one of the first and second clamp arms being movable relative to the other one of the first and second clamp arms so that the holding component can hold articles of varying size. 22.-24. (canceled) 25. A cabinet apparatus comprising:
a cabinet assembly having a longitudinal axis: and a support assembly comprising a holding component configured to detachably hold an electronic device for viewing by a user, the support assembly movably coupled to the cabinet assembly so that the support assembly can move relative to the cabinet assembly in accordance with a plurality of types of movement comprising: (1) upwardly and downwardly along a vertical axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly to adjust an elevation of the support assembly relative to the cabinet assembly; (2) rotationally about a first rotational axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly to move the holding component of the support assembly between a stowed position in which no portion of the support assembly protrudes from a periphery of the cabinet assembly and a deployed position in which the holding component protrudes from the periphery of the cabinet assembly; and (3) rotationally about a second rotational axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cabinet assembly to adjust an angle at which the holding component protrudes from the cabinet assembly when in the deployed position; and wherein the holding component comprises a first clamp arm and a second clamp arm that are spaced apart from one another to define a holding region within which the electronic device is located when the electronic device is held by the holding component. 26. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 25 wherein the cabinet assembly comprises a housing having a cavity and a door that closes an open front end of the cavity when in a closed state, wherein in the deployed position the holding component and the second rotational axis are located outside of the cavity of the housing. 27. (canceled) 29. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 25 wherein the support assembly remains coupled to the cabinet assembly during movement of the support assembly in accordance with each of the plurality of types of movement. 29.-33. (canceled) 34. The cabinet apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the holding component wraps at least partially around a peripheral edge of the article when the holding component holds the article. | 3,700 |
339,854 | 16,800,841 | 3,711 | Systems and methods for systems and methods for focal cooling of the brain and spinal cord are disclosed. Some embodiments may be directed to a neuroprotection system that includes a cerebrospinal fluid processing platform. Embodiments may provide rapid and selective spinal cord hypothermia and drainage. Embodiments may be tailored to selective spinal cord cooling, pressure monitoring and automated drainage. Embodiments may enable local hypothermic neuroprotection, limit the stress of systemic cooling, minimize secondary neuronal damage and achieve maximal neuroprotection while at the same time improving workflow as a result of automated drainage. Embodiments may to include a multi-lumen catheter, a drainage collection reservoir bag, a pump to circulate coolant, sensor hardware and controllers to modulate the flow of a heat transfer fluid for cooling to modulate therapeutic hypothermia and re-warming. Certain embodiments may include extracorporeal cooling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Certain embodiments may include circulating heat transfer fluid within a CSF-containing space near the brain or spinal cord using a catheter. Particular methods may be used to determine the length and amount of cooling. | 1. A system for providing focal cooling at a treatment site, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site; wherein the treatment site includes a CSF-containing space; a treatment unit coupled to the catheter, the treatment unit including a port in fluid communication with the treatment site; wherein the treatment unit is designed to treat a volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space; and wherein the treatment unit includes a temperature control unit designed to cool the volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein system is designed to remove the volume of CSF from the CSF-containing space. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is designed to return at least a portion of the cooled CSF to the treatment site. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the catheter is a multi-lumen catheter. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a first port or a first plurality of ports and wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a second port or a second plurality of ports. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein a first volume of CSF enters the multi-lumen catheter through the first port or the first plurality of ports. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein first volume of CSF passes through a tubing coupled to the port of the treatment unit. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein a second volume of CSF passes from the tubing and exits the multi-lumen catheter through the second port or the second plurality of ports. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second catheter coupled to the system and disposed at a second location that is different from the treatment site. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a tubing disposed between the treatment unit and the catheter. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a pump. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a filter designed to filter the volume of CSF. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the filter is designed to remove cytokines from the CSF. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a sensor. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the sensor is designed to sense temperature, pressure, the fluid flow rate to the treatment site, fluid flow rate from the treatment site, an amount of contaminants in the CSF, a type of contaminants in the CSF, other measurements of the fluid, and/or combinations thereof. 16. A treatment system for providing focal cooling of CSF at a treatment site in a CSF containing space of a subject, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site in the CSF space; a pump in fluid communication with the catheter and configured to withdraw CSF from near the treatment site through an inlet lumen of the catheter; a temperature control unit in fluid communication with the pump and configured to reduce the temperature of the withdrawn CSF; a fluid outlet for returning the withdrawn CSF to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the CSF; and a processor, the processor configured for comparing the measured rate of temperature change with a target rate of temperature change, and modifying a treatment parameter if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. 17. The treatment system of claim 1, further comprising a filter for filtering the withdrawn CSF. 18. The treatment system of claim 18, wherein the filter is configured for filtering cytokines from the withdrawn CSF. 19. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the treatment parameter is a rate at which the CSF is withdrawn, a rate at which CSF is returned, or a temperature to which the temperature of the CSF is reduced. 20. A treatment system for providing focal cooling, the treatment system comprising:
a catheter configured for delivery to a target location; a pump for withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid from the target location through an inlet lumen of the catheter, and configured for returning cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the target location; a temperature control unit for cooling the withdrawn cerebrospinal fluid; a fluid outlet for returning the cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the cerebrospinal fluid; and a processor for comparing the rate of temperature change with a pre-determined target rate of temperature change, and modifying a flow rate at which the cooled cerebrospinal fluid is returned to the target location if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. | Systems and methods for systems and methods for focal cooling of the brain and spinal cord are disclosed. Some embodiments may be directed to a neuroprotection system that includes a cerebrospinal fluid processing platform. Embodiments may provide rapid and selective spinal cord hypothermia and drainage. Embodiments may be tailored to selective spinal cord cooling, pressure monitoring and automated drainage. Embodiments may enable local hypothermic neuroprotection, limit the stress of systemic cooling, minimize secondary neuronal damage and achieve maximal neuroprotection while at the same time improving workflow as a result of automated drainage. Embodiments may to include a multi-lumen catheter, a drainage collection reservoir bag, a pump to circulate coolant, sensor hardware and controllers to modulate the flow of a heat transfer fluid for cooling to modulate therapeutic hypothermia and re-warming. Certain embodiments may include extracorporeal cooling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Certain embodiments may include circulating heat transfer fluid within a CSF-containing space near the brain or spinal cord using a catheter. Particular methods may be used to determine the length and amount of cooling.1. A system for providing focal cooling at a treatment site, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site; wherein the treatment site includes a CSF-containing space; a treatment unit coupled to the catheter, the treatment unit including a port in fluid communication with the treatment site; wherein the treatment unit is designed to treat a volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space; and wherein the treatment unit includes a temperature control unit designed to cool the volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein system is designed to remove the volume of CSF from the CSF-containing space. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is designed to return at least a portion of the cooled CSF to the treatment site. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the catheter is a multi-lumen catheter. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a first port or a first plurality of ports and wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a second port or a second plurality of ports. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein a first volume of CSF enters the multi-lumen catheter through the first port or the first plurality of ports. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein first volume of CSF passes through a tubing coupled to the port of the treatment unit. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein a second volume of CSF passes from the tubing and exits the multi-lumen catheter through the second port or the second plurality of ports. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second catheter coupled to the system and disposed at a second location that is different from the treatment site. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a tubing disposed between the treatment unit and the catheter. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a pump. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a filter designed to filter the volume of CSF. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the filter is designed to remove cytokines from the CSF. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a sensor. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the sensor is designed to sense temperature, pressure, the fluid flow rate to the treatment site, fluid flow rate from the treatment site, an amount of contaminants in the CSF, a type of contaminants in the CSF, other measurements of the fluid, and/or combinations thereof. 16. A treatment system for providing focal cooling of CSF at a treatment site in a CSF containing space of a subject, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site in the CSF space; a pump in fluid communication with the catheter and configured to withdraw CSF from near the treatment site through an inlet lumen of the catheter; a temperature control unit in fluid communication with the pump and configured to reduce the temperature of the withdrawn CSF; a fluid outlet for returning the withdrawn CSF to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the CSF; and a processor, the processor configured for comparing the measured rate of temperature change with a target rate of temperature change, and modifying a treatment parameter if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. 17. The treatment system of claim 1, further comprising a filter for filtering the withdrawn CSF. 18. The treatment system of claim 18, wherein the filter is configured for filtering cytokines from the withdrawn CSF. 19. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the treatment parameter is a rate at which the CSF is withdrawn, a rate at which CSF is returned, or a temperature to which the temperature of the CSF is reduced. 20. A treatment system for providing focal cooling, the treatment system comprising:
a catheter configured for delivery to a target location; a pump for withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid from the target location through an inlet lumen of the catheter, and configured for returning cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the target location; a temperature control unit for cooling the withdrawn cerebrospinal fluid; a fluid outlet for returning the cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the cerebrospinal fluid; and a processor for comparing the rate of temperature change with a pre-determined target rate of temperature change, and modifying a flow rate at which the cooled cerebrospinal fluid is returned to the target location if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. | 3,700 |
339,855 | 16,800,842 | 2,853 | Systems and methods for systems and methods for focal cooling of the brain and spinal cord are disclosed. Some embodiments may be directed to a neuroprotection system that includes a cerebrospinal fluid processing platform. Embodiments may provide rapid and selective spinal cord hypothermia and drainage. Embodiments may be tailored to selective spinal cord cooling, pressure monitoring and automated drainage. Embodiments may enable local hypothermic neuroprotection, limit the stress of systemic cooling, minimize secondary neuronal damage and achieve maximal neuroprotection while at the same time improving workflow as a result of automated drainage. Embodiments may to include a multi-lumen catheter, a drainage collection reservoir bag, a pump to circulate coolant, sensor hardware and controllers to modulate the flow of a heat transfer fluid for cooling to modulate therapeutic hypothermia and re-warming. Certain embodiments may include extracorporeal cooling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Certain embodiments may include circulating heat transfer fluid within a CSF-containing space near the brain or spinal cord using a catheter. Particular methods may be used to determine the length and amount of cooling. | 1. A system for providing focal cooling at a treatment site, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site; wherein the treatment site includes a CSF-containing space; a treatment unit coupled to the catheter, the treatment unit including a port in fluid communication with the treatment site; wherein the treatment unit is designed to treat a volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space; and wherein the treatment unit includes a temperature control unit designed to cool the volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein system is designed to remove the volume of CSF from the CSF-containing space. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is designed to return at least a portion of the cooled CSF to the treatment site. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the catheter is a multi-lumen catheter. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a first port or a first plurality of ports and wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a second port or a second plurality of ports. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein a first volume of CSF enters the multi-lumen catheter through the first port or the first plurality of ports. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein first volume of CSF passes through a tubing coupled to the port of the treatment unit. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein a second volume of CSF passes from the tubing and exits the multi-lumen catheter through the second port or the second plurality of ports. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second catheter coupled to the system and disposed at a second location that is different from the treatment site. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a tubing disposed between the treatment unit and the catheter. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a pump. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a filter designed to filter the volume of CSF. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the filter is designed to remove cytokines from the CSF. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a sensor. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the sensor is designed to sense temperature, pressure, the fluid flow rate to the treatment site, fluid flow rate from the treatment site, an amount of contaminants in the CSF, a type of contaminants in the CSF, other measurements of the fluid, and/or combinations thereof. 16. A treatment system for providing focal cooling of CSF at a treatment site in a CSF containing space of a subject, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site in the CSF space; a pump in fluid communication with the catheter and configured to withdraw CSF from near the treatment site through an inlet lumen of the catheter; a temperature control unit in fluid communication with the pump and configured to reduce the temperature of the withdrawn CSF; a fluid outlet for returning the withdrawn CSF to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the CSF; and a processor, the processor configured for comparing the measured rate of temperature change with a target rate of temperature change, and modifying a treatment parameter if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. 17. The treatment system of claim 1, further comprising a filter for filtering the withdrawn CSF. 18. The treatment system of claim 18, wherein the filter is configured for filtering cytokines from the withdrawn CSF. 19. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the treatment parameter is a rate at which the CSF is withdrawn, a rate at which CSF is returned, or a temperature to which the temperature of the CSF is reduced. 20. A treatment system for providing focal cooling, the treatment system comprising:
a catheter configured for delivery to a target location; a pump for withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid from the target location through an inlet lumen of the catheter, and configured for returning cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the target location; a temperature control unit for cooling the withdrawn cerebrospinal fluid; a fluid outlet for returning the cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the cerebrospinal fluid; and a processor for comparing the rate of temperature change with a pre-determined target rate of temperature change, and modifying a flow rate at which the cooled cerebrospinal fluid is returned to the target location if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. | Systems and methods for systems and methods for focal cooling of the brain and spinal cord are disclosed. Some embodiments may be directed to a neuroprotection system that includes a cerebrospinal fluid processing platform. Embodiments may provide rapid and selective spinal cord hypothermia and drainage. Embodiments may be tailored to selective spinal cord cooling, pressure monitoring and automated drainage. Embodiments may enable local hypothermic neuroprotection, limit the stress of systemic cooling, minimize secondary neuronal damage and achieve maximal neuroprotection while at the same time improving workflow as a result of automated drainage. Embodiments may to include a multi-lumen catheter, a drainage collection reservoir bag, a pump to circulate coolant, sensor hardware and controllers to modulate the flow of a heat transfer fluid for cooling to modulate therapeutic hypothermia and re-warming. Certain embodiments may include extracorporeal cooling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Certain embodiments may include circulating heat transfer fluid within a CSF-containing space near the brain or spinal cord using a catheter. Particular methods may be used to determine the length and amount of cooling.1. A system for providing focal cooling at a treatment site, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site; wherein the treatment site includes a CSF-containing space; a treatment unit coupled to the catheter, the treatment unit including a port in fluid communication with the treatment site; wherein the treatment unit is designed to treat a volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space; and wherein the treatment unit includes a temperature control unit designed to cool the volume of CSF received from the CSF-containing space. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein system is designed to remove the volume of CSF from the CSF-containing space. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system is designed to return at least a portion of the cooled CSF to the treatment site. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the catheter is a multi-lumen catheter. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a first port or a first plurality of ports and wherein the multi-lumen catheter includes a second port or a second plurality of ports. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein a first volume of CSF enters the multi-lumen catheter through the first port or the first plurality of ports. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein first volume of CSF passes through a tubing coupled to the port of the treatment unit. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein a second volume of CSF passes from the tubing and exits the multi-lumen catheter through the second port or the second plurality of ports. 9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second catheter coupled to the system and disposed at a second location that is different from the treatment site. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a tubing disposed between the treatment unit and the catheter. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a pump. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a filter designed to filter the volume of CSF. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the filter is designed to remove cytokines from the CSF. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment unit includes a sensor. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the sensor is designed to sense temperature, pressure, the fluid flow rate to the treatment site, fluid flow rate from the treatment site, an amount of contaminants in the CSF, a type of contaminants in the CSF, other measurements of the fluid, and/or combinations thereof. 16. A treatment system for providing focal cooling of CSF at a treatment site in a CSF containing space of a subject, the system comprising:
a catheter designed to access the treatment site in the CSF space; a pump in fluid communication with the catheter and configured to withdraw CSF from near the treatment site through an inlet lumen of the catheter; a temperature control unit in fluid communication with the pump and configured to reduce the temperature of the withdrawn CSF; a fluid outlet for returning the withdrawn CSF to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the CSF; and a processor, the processor configured for comparing the measured rate of temperature change with a target rate of temperature change, and modifying a treatment parameter if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. 17. The treatment system of claim 1, further comprising a filter for filtering the withdrawn CSF. 18. The treatment system of claim 18, wherein the filter is configured for filtering cytokines from the withdrawn CSF. 19. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the treatment parameter is a rate at which the CSF is withdrawn, a rate at which CSF is returned, or a temperature to which the temperature of the CSF is reduced. 20. A treatment system for providing focal cooling, the treatment system comprising:
a catheter configured for delivery to a target location; a pump for withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid from the target location through an inlet lumen of the catheter, and configured for returning cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the target location; a temperature control unit for cooling the withdrawn cerebrospinal fluid; a fluid outlet for returning the cooled cerebrospinal fluid to the subject; a sensor for measuring a rate of temperature change of the cerebrospinal fluid; and a processor for comparing the rate of temperature change with a pre-determined target rate of temperature change, and modifying a flow rate at which the cooled cerebrospinal fluid is returned to the target location if the rate of temperature changes differs from the target rate of temperature change. | 2,800 |
339,856 | 16,800,806 | 2,853 | A method includes setting an exposure time of an image sensor included in a terminal device so that, in an image obtained by capturing a subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of a plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject. The method also includes obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, obtaining identification information of the subject, and obtaining a direction of light of the subject. Additionally, the method includes calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject, and obtaining a location of the subject. The method further includes calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject, and sending the location of the terminal device to a server. | 1. A method, comprising:
setting an exposure time of an image sensor included in a terminal device so that, in an image obtained by capturing a subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of a plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject; obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, by capturing the subject that changes in luminance by the image sensor with the set exposure time; obtaining identification information of the subject, by demodulating data specified by a pattern of the plurality of bright lines included in the obtained bright line image; obtaining a direction of light of the subject, the light of the subject entering into the image sensor; calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject using the direction; obtaining a location of the subject, which is specified by the identification information; calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject; and sending the location of the terminal device to a server. 2. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the direction is an angle of the light of the subject to a horizontal. 3. The method according to claim 2,
wherein trilateration is used with the angle of the light of the subject in the calculation of the distance. 4. The method according to claim 2,
wherein the calculating of the distance includes
calculating a distance between a user of the terminal device and a ceiling in which the subject is installed, and
calculating the distance between the terminal device and the subject using (i) the distance between user of the terminal device and the ceiling, and (ii) the angle. 5. The method according to claim 2,
wherein the angle of the light of the subject is obtained using an angle sensor of the terminal device. 6. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the image sensor is a facing camera of the terminal device. 7. The method according to claim 6,
wherein the image sensor is installed in a side of the terminal device in which the display is installed. 8. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the set exposure time is shorter than 1/480 second. 9. A device, comprising:
a processor; an image sensor having a plurality of exposure lines; and a memory storing thereon a computer program, which when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations, including
setting an exposure time of the image sensor so that, in an image obtained by capturing the subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of the plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject;
obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, by capturing the subject that changes in luminance by the image sensor with the set exposure time;
obtaining identification information of the subject, by demodulating data specified by a pattern of the plurality of bright lines included in the obtained bright line image;
obtaining a direction of light of the subject, the light of the subject entering into the image sensor;
calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject using the direction;
obtaining a location of the subject, which is specified by the identification information;
calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject; and
sending the location of the terminal device to a server. 10. A non-transitory recording medium storing thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform operations, including:
setting an exposure time of an image sensor included in a terminal device so that, in an image obtained by capturing a subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of a plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject; obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, by capturing the subject that changes in luminance by the image sensor with the set exposure time; obtaining identification information of the subject, by demodulating data specified by a pattern of the plurality of bright lines included in the obtained bright line image; obtaining a direction of light of the subject, the light of the subject entering into the image sensor; calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject using the direction; obtaining a location of the subject, which is specified by the identification information; calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject; and sending the location of the subject to a server. 11. The method according to claim 3,
wherein the calculating of the distance includes,
calculating a distance between user of the terminal device and a ceiling in which the subject is installed, and
calculating the distance between the terminal device and the subject using (i) the distance between user of the terminal device and the ceiling, and (ii) the angle. | A method includes setting an exposure time of an image sensor included in a terminal device so that, in an image obtained by capturing a subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of a plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject. The method also includes obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, obtaining identification information of the subject, and obtaining a direction of light of the subject. Additionally, the method includes calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject, and obtaining a location of the subject. The method further includes calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject, and sending the location of the terminal device to a server.1. A method, comprising:
setting an exposure time of an image sensor included in a terminal device so that, in an image obtained by capturing a subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of a plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject; obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, by capturing the subject that changes in luminance by the image sensor with the set exposure time; obtaining identification information of the subject, by demodulating data specified by a pattern of the plurality of bright lines included in the obtained bright line image; obtaining a direction of light of the subject, the light of the subject entering into the image sensor; calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject using the direction; obtaining a location of the subject, which is specified by the identification information; calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject; and sending the location of the terminal device to a server. 2. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the direction is an angle of the light of the subject to a horizontal. 3. The method according to claim 2,
wherein trilateration is used with the angle of the light of the subject in the calculation of the distance. 4. The method according to claim 2,
wherein the calculating of the distance includes
calculating a distance between a user of the terminal device and a ceiling in which the subject is installed, and
calculating the distance between the terminal device and the subject using (i) the distance between user of the terminal device and the ceiling, and (ii) the angle. 5. The method according to claim 2,
wherein the angle of the light of the subject is obtained using an angle sensor of the terminal device. 6. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the image sensor is a facing camera of the terminal device. 7. The method according to claim 6,
wherein the image sensor is installed in a side of the terminal device in which the display is installed. 8. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the set exposure time is shorter than 1/480 second. 9. A device, comprising:
a processor; an image sensor having a plurality of exposure lines; and a memory storing thereon a computer program, which when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations, including
setting an exposure time of the image sensor so that, in an image obtained by capturing the subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of the plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject;
obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, by capturing the subject that changes in luminance by the image sensor with the set exposure time;
obtaining identification information of the subject, by demodulating data specified by a pattern of the plurality of bright lines included in the obtained bright line image;
obtaining a direction of light of the subject, the light of the subject entering into the image sensor;
calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject using the direction;
obtaining a location of the subject, which is specified by the identification information;
calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject; and
sending the location of the terminal device to a server. 10. A non-transitory recording medium storing thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform operations, including:
setting an exposure time of an image sensor included in a terminal device so that, in an image obtained by capturing a subject by the image sensor, a bright line corresponding to each of a plurality of exposure lines included in the image sensor appears according to a change in luminance of the subject; obtaining a bright line image including a plurality of bright lines, by capturing the subject that changes in luminance by the image sensor with the set exposure time; obtaining identification information of the subject, by demodulating data specified by a pattern of the plurality of bright lines included in the obtained bright line image; obtaining a direction of light of the subject, the light of the subject entering into the image sensor; calculating a distance between the terminal device and the subject using the direction; obtaining a location of the subject, which is specified by the identification information; calculating a location of the terminal device using the distance and the location of the subject; and sending the location of the subject to a server. 11. The method according to claim 3,
wherein the calculating of the distance includes,
calculating a distance between user of the terminal device and a ceiling in which the subject is installed, and
calculating the distance between the terminal device and the subject using (i) the distance between user of the terminal device and the ceiling, and (ii) the angle. | 2,800 |
339,857 | 16,800,783 | 2,853 | Matching an illumination of an embedded virtual object (VO) with current environment illumination conditions provides an enhanced immersive experience to a user. To match the VO and environment illuminations, illumination basis functions are determined based on preprocessing image data, captured as a first combination of intensities of direct illumination sources illuminates the environment. Each basis function corresponds to one of the direct illumination sources. During the capture of runtime image data, a second combination of intensities illuminates the environment. An illumination-weighting vector is determined based on the runtime image data. The determination of the weighting vector accounts for indirect illumination sources, such as surface reflections. The weighting vector encodes a superposition of the basis functions that corresponds to the second combination of intensities. The method illuminates the VO based on the weighting vector. The resulting illumination of the VO matches the second combination of the intensities and surface reflections. | 1. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon for providing an immersive experience to a user, which, when executed by a processor of a computing device cause the computing device to perform actions comprising:
determining a set of basis functions, wherein each of the basis functions of the set of basis functions includes a rendering of an environment that is illuminated by a corresponding illumination source of a set of illumination sources; determining a weighting vector, wherein the weighting vector encodes a superposition of the renderings of the environment included in the set of basis functions that corresponds to a combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources; and illuminating a virtual object embedded in the environment based on the weighting vector and the set of basis functions. 2. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the actions further comprise:
generating a three-dimensional (3D) model of the environment based on a first set of image data; associating an albedo value with each pixel of the first set of image data based on the 3D model of the environment, wherein a particular albedo value associated with a particular pixel indicates an optical reflectance at a particular location on a surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel based on the 3D model; determining a set of illumination values that encodes:
a first combination of intensities of a set of direct illumination sources based on the 3D model;
each albedo value associated with the pixels of the first set of image data; and
illumination values of the pixels of the first set of image data; and
determining the set of basis functions based on the determined set of illumination values that encodes the first combination of intensities of the set of direct illumination sources. 3. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein the actions further comprise:
determining an optical-path value for each direct illumination source of the set of direct illumination sources and the particular pixel based on the 3D model, wherein each optical-path value is based on a distance between the corresponding direct illumination source and the particular location on the surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel; determining the set of illumination values that encodes the first combination of intensities of the set of direct illumination sources further based on each determined optical-path value. 4. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein each illumination value of the set of illumination values is a direct illumination value and the actions further comprise:
determining an indirect illumination value for each pixel of the first set of image data, wherein the indirect illumination value for the particular pixel is based on combination of iterative estimates of each direct illumination value in the set of direct illumination values; and iteratively determining the set of direct illumination values that encodes first combination of intensities of the set of direct illumination sources further based on each the indirect illumination value for each pixel of the first set of image data and the iterative estimates of each direct illumination value. 5. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the actions further comprise:
generating a virtual shadow based on a 3D shape of the virtual object and the illumination of the illuminated virtual object; and embedding the virtual shadow in the environment. 6. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein each basis function of the set of basis functions includes another set of image data that depicts the environment illuminated only by the corresponding direct illumination source and without a contribution from an indirect illumination source and other direct illumination sources of the set of direct illumination sources. 7. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein each of the direct illumination sources of the set of direct illumination sources is a point illumination source located at a particular position within the environment. 8. A method for providing an immersive experience to a user, comprising:
steps for partitioning initial illumination conditions of an environment into a set of indirect illumination sources and a set of direct illumination sources, wherein each direct illumination source of the set of direct illumination sources includes a light emitter positioned within the environment and the set of indirect illumination sources includes optical reflections of light emitted by the set of direct illumination sources from a plurality of reflective surfaces included in the environment; steps for generating a set of basis images, wherein each basis image of the set of basis images depicts the environment illuminated by light emitted from a corresponding light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources; and steps for illuminating a virtual object embedded in the environment based on the set of basis images. 9. The method for claim 8, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment include:
generating a 3D model of the environment based on initial image data of the environment, wherein the 3D model maps each pixel of the initial image data to a location on one of the plurality of reflective surfaces; generating an optical path model based on the 3D model and the initial image data that associates a distance between each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources and a particular location on one of the plurality of reflective surfaces; determining an initial intensity for each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources based on the initial image data, the 3D model of the environment, and the optical path model; and generating a basis image of the set of basis images based on the initial intensity for the corresponding light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources and the initial image data. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment further include:
generating an albedo model for the plurality of reflective surfaces included in the environment, wherein the albedo model associates an albedo value with each pixel of the initial image data and the associated albedo value of a particular pixel indicates an optical reflectance of a particular location on one of the plurality of reflective surfaces that the particular pixel is mapped to based on the 3D model; and determining the initial intensity for each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources further based on the albedo model for the plurality of reflective surfaces. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment further include:
iteratively determining the initial intensity for each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources based on iteratively updating a comparison between observed pixel values of the initial image data and estimated pixel values based on the iterative determinations of the initial intensity for each light emitter, the albedo model, and the optical path model. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment further include:
for each pixel of the initial image data, determining an indirect illumination contribution based on the 3D model and the albedo model; and determining the set of indirect illumination sources based on the indirect illumination contribution of each pixel of the initial image data. 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
generating a virtual shadow based on a 3D shape of the virtual object and a weighted combination of the set of basis images, wherein the weighted combination of the set of basis images depicts current illumination conditions of the environment; and embedding the virtual shadow and the virtual object in the environment. 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
determining a vector based on current illumination conditions of the environment based on current image data of the environment; 15. A computing system, comprising:
a processor device; and a computer-readable storage medium, coupled with the processor device, having instructions stored thereon for providing an immersive experience to a user, which, when executed by the processor device, provide the system with an immersive environment engine configured to perform actions comprising:
determining a set of basis functions, wherein each of the basis functions of the set of basis functions includes a rendering of an environment that is illuminated by a corresponding illumination source of a set of illumination sources;
determining a weighting vector, wherein the weighting vector encodes a superposition of the renderings of the environment included in the set of basis functions that corresponds to a combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources; and
illuminating a virtual object embedded in the environment based on the weighting vector and the set of basis functions. 16. The computing system of claim 15, wherein determining the set of basis functions is based on a first set of image data of the environment that is illuminated by a first combination of intensities of a set of direct illumination sources. 17. The computing system of claim 16, the actions further comprising:
receiving a second set of image data, wherein the second set of image data is generated from a viewpoint of the environment, updating the weighting vector based on the second set of image data; and updating the illumination of the virtual object embedded in the environment based on the updated weighting vector. 18. The computing system of claim 15, the actions further comprising:
generating a three-dimensional (3D) model of the environment based on a first set of image data; associating an albedo value with each pixel of the first set of image data based on the 3D model of the environment, wherein a particular albedo value associated with a particular pixel indicates an optical reflectance at a particular location on a surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel based on the 3D model; determining an optical-path value for each illumination source of the set of illumination sources and the particular pixel based on the 3D model, wherein each optical-path value is based on a distance between the corresponding illumination source and the particular location on the surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel; iteratively determining the combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources based on the 3D model, each albedo value associated with the pixels of the first set of image data, each determined optical-path value, and illumination values of the pixels of the first set of image data; and determining the set of basis functions based on the iteratively determined combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources. 19. The computing system of claim 15, the actions further comprising:
generating a virtual shadow based on a 3D shape of the virtual object and the illumination of the illuminated virtual object; and embedding the virtual shadow in the environment. 20. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the environment is an augmented reality (AR) environment or a virtual reality (VR) environment. | Matching an illumination of an embedded virtual object (VO) with current environment illumination conditions provides an enhanced immersive experience to a user. To match the VO and environment illuminations, illumination basis functions are determined based on preprocessing image data, captured as a first combination of intensities of direct illumination sources illuminates the environment. Each basis function corresponds to one of the direct illumination sources. During the capture of runtime image data, a second combination of intensities illuminates the environment. An illumination-weighting vector is determined based on the runtime image data. The determination of the weighting vector accounts for indirect illumination sources, such as surface reflections. The weighting vector encodes a superposition of the basis functions that corresponds to the second combination of intensities. The method illuminates the VO based on the weighting vector. The resulting illumination of the VO matches the second combination of the intensities and surface reflections.1. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon for providing an immersive experience to a user, which, when executed by a processor of a computing device cause the computing device to perform actions comprising:
determining a set of basis functions, wherein each of the basis functions of the set of basis functions includes a rendering of an environment that is illuminated by a corresponding illumination source of a set of illumination sources; determining a weighting vector, wherein the weighting vector encodes a superposition of the renderings of the environment included in the set of basis functions that corresponds to a combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources; and illuminating a virtual object embedded in the environment based on the weighting vector and the set of basis functions. 2. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the actions further comprise:
generating a three-dimensional (3D) model of the environment based on a first set of image data; associating an albedo value with each pixel of the first set of image data based on the 3D model of the environment, wherein a particular albedo value associated with a particular pixel indicates an optical reflectance at a particular location on a surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel based on the 3D model; determining a set of illumination values that encodes:
a first combination of intensities of a set of direct illumination sources based on the 3D model;
each albedo value associated with the pixels of the first set of image data; and
illumination values of the pixels of the first set of image data; and
determining the set of basis functions based on the determined set of illumination values that encodes the first combination of intensities of the set of direct illumination sources. 3. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein the actions further comprise:
determining an optical-path value for each direct illumination source of the set of direct illumination sources and the particular pixel based on the 3D model, wherein each optical-path value is based on a distance between the corresponding direct illumination source and the particular location on the surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel; determining the set of illumination values that encodes the first combination of intensities of the set of direct illumination sources further based on each determined optical-path value. 4. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein each illumination value of the set of illumination values is a direct illumination value and the actions further comprise:
determining an indirect illumination value for each pixel of the first set of image data, wherein the indirect illumination value for the particular pixel is based on combination of iterative estimates of each direct illumination value in the set of direct illumination values; and iteratively determining the set of direct illumination values that encodes first combination of intensities of the set of direct illumination sources further based on each the indirect illumination value for each pixel of the first set of image data and the iterative estimates of each direct illumination value. 5. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the actions further comprise:
generating a virtual shadow based on a 3D shape of the virtual object and the illumination of the illuminated virtual object; and embedding the virtual shadow in the environment. 6. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein each basis function of the set of basis functions includes another set of image data that depicts the environment illuminated only by the corresponding direct illumination source and without a contribution from an indirect illumination source and other direct illumination sources of the set of direct illumination sources. 7. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein each of the direct illumination sources of the set of direct illumination sources is a point illumination source located at a particular position within the environment. 8. A method for providing an immersive experience to a user, comprising:
steps for partitioning initial illumination conditions of an environment into a set of indirect illumination sources and a set of direct illumination sources, wherein each direct illumination source of the set of direct illumination sources includes a light emitter positioned within the environment and the set of indirect illumination sources includes optical reflections of light emitted by the set of direct illumination sources from a plurality of reflective surfaces included in the environment; steps for generating a set of basis images, wherein each basis image of the set of basis images depicts the environment illuminated by light emitted from a corresponding light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources; and steps for illuminating a virtual object embedded in the environment based on the set of basis images. 9. The method for claim 8, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment include:
generating a 3D model of the environment based on initial image data of the environment, wherein the 3D model maps each pixel of the initial image data to a location on one of the plurality of reflective surfaces; generating an optical path model based on the 3D model and the initial image data that associates a distance between each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources and a particular location on one of the plurality of reflective surfaces; determining an initial intensity for each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources based on the initial image data, the 3D model of the environment, and the optical path model; and generating a basis image of the set of basis images based on the initial intensity for the corresponding light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources and the initial image data. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment further include:
generating an albedo model for the plurality of reflective surfaces included in the environment, wherein the albedo model associates an albedo value with each pixel of the initial image data and the associated albedo value of a particular pixel indicates an optical reflectance of a particular location on one of the plurality of reflective surfaces that the particular pixel is mapped to based on the 3D model; and determining the initial intensity for each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources further based on the albedo model for the plurality of reflective surfaces. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment further include:
iteratively determining the initial intensity for each light emitter of the set of direct illumination sources based on iteratively updating a comparison between observed pixel values of the initial image data and estimated pixel values based on the iterative determinations of the initial intensity for each light emitter, the albedo model, and the optical path model. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the steps for partitioning the initial illumination conditions of the environment further include:
for each pixel of the initial image data, determining an indirect illumination contribution based on the 3D model and the albedo model; and determining the set of indirect illumination sources based on the indirect illumination contribution of each pixel of the initial image data. 13. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
generating a virtual shadow based on a 3D shape of the virtual object and a weighted combination of the set of basis images, wherein the weighted combination of the set of basis images depicts current illumination conditions of the environment; and embedding the virtual shadow and the virtual object in the environment. 14. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
determining a vector based on current illumination conditions of the environment based on current image data of the environment; 15. A computing system, comprising:
a processor device; and a computer-readable storage medium, coupled with the processor device, having instructions stored thereon for providing an immersive experience to a user, which, when executed by the processor device, provide the system with an immersive environment engine configured to perform actions comprising:
determining a set of basis functions, wherein each of the basis functions of the set of basis functions includes a rendering of an environment that is illuminated by a corresponding illumination source of a set of illumination sources;
determining a weighting vector, wherein the weighting vector encodes a superposition of the renderings of the environment included in the set of basis functions that corresponds to a combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources; and
illuminating a virtual object embedded in the environment based on the weighting vector and the set of basis functions. 16. The computing system of claim 15, wherein determining the set of basis functions is based on a first set of image data of the environment that is illuminated by a first combination of intensities of a set of direct illumination sources. 17. The computing system of claim 16, the actions further comprising:
receiving a second set of image data, wherein the second set of image data is generated from a viewpoint of the environment, updating the weighting vector based on the second set of image data; and updating the illumination of the virtual object embedded in the environment based on the updated weighting vector. 18. The computing system of claim 15, the actions further comprising:
generating a three-dimensional (3D) model of the environment based on a first set of image data; associating an albedo value with each pixel of the first set of image data based on the 3D model of the environment, wherein a particular albedo value associated with a particular pixel indicates an optical reflectance at a particular location on a surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel based on the 3D model; determining an optical-path value for each illumination source of the set of illumination sources and the particular pixel based on the 3D model, wherein each optical-path value is based on a distance between the corresponding illumination source and the particular location on the surface of the environment that maps to the particular pixel; iteratively determining the combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources based on the 3D model, each albedo value associated with the pixels of the first set of image data, each determined optical-path value, and illumination values of the pixels of the first set of image data; and determining the set of basis functions based on the iteratively determined combination of intensities of the set of illumination sources. 19. The computing system of claim 15, the actions further comprising:
generating a virtual shadow based on a 3D shape of the virtual object and the illumination of the illuminated virtual object; and embedding the virtual shadow in the environment. 20. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the environment is an augmented reality (AR) environment or a virtual reality (VR) environment. | 2,800 |
339,858 | 16,800,772 | 2,853 | A goal securement device includes a ground engagement system, a ground securement system, a goal securement system, and a goal securement monitoring system. In an embodiment, the systems work cooperatively to secure a goal to the ground and monitor the status of such securement. Embodiments of each system and embodiments of various components, aspects, or features of each system are described. | 1. A ground engagement system comprising:
a securement member; an arm member configured to engage the securement member; a ground base member configured to engage the arm member; and an auger configured to engage the ground base member, wherein the auger includes a plurality of auger blades, a lock pin, a lock pin housing, and a lock pin receiver attached to a proximate end of the auger, wherein the auger is further configured to engage the ground by driving the auger into the ground; and
wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground, and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a drainage hole. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the securement member is configured to engage a goal. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the goal is a soccer goal, a field hockey goal, or a lacrosse goal. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the ground based member defines an aperture, wherein the aperture is configured to engage the lock pin. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein securement member is secured to the ground by inserting the lock pin through the aperture and the lock pin receiver. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the lock pin receiver includes a plurality of pin grooves, wherein the plurality of pin grooves are configured below a level of the ground, and wherein the lock pin is received into a pin groove of desired depth of the plurality of pin grooves. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein the lock pin is locked in place with a lock pin key. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein lock pin is configured to unlock when an active pressure is applied to the lock pin key. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the driver coupling is a hexagon shape. 13. (canceled) 14. A method of securing a ground engagement system to the ground comprising:
providing a securement member, wherein the securement member is configured to engage a goal; providing an arm member configured to engage the securement member; providing a ground base member configured to engage the arm member; and configuring an auger to engage the ground base member, wherein the auger includes a plurality of auger blades, a lock pin, a lock pin housing, and a lock pin receiver attached to a proximate end of the auger, wherein the auger is further configured to engage the ground by driving the auger into the ground; and
wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground, and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a drainage hole. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the goal is a soccer goal, a field hockey goal, or a lacrosse goal. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the ground based member defines an aperture, wherein the aperture is configured to engage the lock pin. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein securement member is secured to the ground by inserting the lock pin through the aperture and the lock pin receiver. 20. A ground engagement system configured to secure a ground bar of a goal to the ground comprising:
a securement member configured to engage a ground bar for a goal, wherein the goal is a soccer goal, a field hockey goal, or a lacrosse goal; an arm member configured to engage the securement member; a ground base member configured to engage the arm member; and an auger configured to engage the ground base member, wherein the auger includes a plurality of auger blades, a lock pin, a lock pin housing, and a lock pin receiver attached to a proximate end of the auger, wherein the auger is further configured to engage the ground by driving the auger into the ground; and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground, and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a drainage hole. 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. | A goal securement device includes a ground engagement system, a ground securement system, a goal securement system, and a goal securement monitoring system. In an embodiment, the systems work cooperatively to secure a goal to the ground and monitor the status of such securement. Embodiments of each system and embodiments of various components, aspects, or features of each system are described.1. A ground engagement system comprising:
a securement member; an arm member configured to engage the securement member; a ground base member configured to engage the arm member; and an auger configured to engage the ground base member, wherein the auger includes a plurality of auger blades, a lock pin, a lock pin housing, and a lock pin receiver attached to a proximate end of the auger, wherein the auger is further configured to engage the ground by driving the auger into the ground; and
wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground, and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a drainage hole. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the securement member is configured to engage a goal. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the goal is a soccer goal, a field hockey goal, or a lacrosse goal. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the ground based member defines an aperture, wherein the aperture is configured to engage the lock pin. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein securement member is secured to the ground by inserting the lock pin through the aperture and the lock pin receiver. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the lock pin receiver includes a plurality of pin grooves, wherein the plurality of pin grooves are configured below a level of the ground, and wherein the lock pin is received into a pin groove of desired depth of the plurality of pin grooves. 9. The system of claim 7, wherein the lock pin is locked in place with a lock pin key. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein lock pin is configured to unlock when an active pressure is applied to the lock pin key. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the driver coupling is a hexagon shape. 13. (canceled) 14. A method of securing a ground engagement system to the ground comprising:
providing a securement member, wherein the securement member is configured to engage a goal; providing an arm member configured to engage the securement member; providing a ground base member configured to engage the arm member; and configuring an auger to engage the ground base member, wherein the auger includes a plurality of auger blades, a lock pin, a lock pin housing, and a lock pin receiver attached to a proximate end of the auger, wherein the auger is further configured to engage the ground by driving the auger into the ground; and
wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground, and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a drainage hole. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the goal is a soccer goal, a field hockey goal, or a lacrosse goal. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the ground based member defines an aperture, wherein the aperture is configured to engage the lock pin. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein securement member is secured to the ground by inserting the lock pin through the aperture and the lock pin receiver. 20. A ground engagement system configured to secure a ground bar of a goal to the ground comprising:
a securement member configured to engage a ground bar for a goal, wherein the goal is a soccer goal, a field hockey goal, or a lacrosse goal; an arm member configured to engage the securement member; a ground base member configured to engage the arm member; and an auger configured to engage the ground base member, wherein the auger includes a plurality of auger blades, a lock pin, a lock pin housing, and a lock pin receiver attached to a proximate end of the auger, wherein the auger is further configured to engage the ground by driving the auger into the ground; and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a driver coupling for driving the auger into the ground, and wherein the lock pin receiver further includes a drainage hole. 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the auger further includes a lock pin receiver opening, and wherein the auger is engaged with the ground when the lock pin receiver opening is about flush with the ground. | 2,800 |
339,859 | 16,800,802 | 2,853 | An exhaust system for an engine includes an exhaust conduit, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device in the exhaust conduit, and a diesel emission fluid (DEF) system. The diesel emission fluid system includes a DEF delivery controller structured to receive a condition signal indicative of a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system, and to command an increased heat energy output of a preheater to preheat DEF to be admitted into the exhaust conduit, such that a temperature of the DEF is increased to a deposition-mitigation temperature. Related methodology and control logic is also disclosed. | 1. An exhaust system for an engine comprising:
an exhaust conduit extending between an upstream end structured to receive exhaust produced by the engine, and a downstream end; a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device positioned in the exhaust conduit; a diesel emission fluid (DEF) system including a DEF admission valve connected to the exhaust conduit at a location that is upstream of the SCR, a preheater, a condition sensor, and a DEF delivery controller; the DEF delivery controller is coupled with the preheater and with the condition sensor, and structured to:
receive a condition signal produced by the condition sensor that is indicative of a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system; and
command an increased heat energy output of the preheater based on the condition signal, such that a temperature of DEF to be admitted into the exhaust conduit is increased to a deposition-mitigation temperature. 2. The exhaust system of claim 1 wherein the condition signal includes an exhaust temperature signal indicative of a reduction in exhaust temperature. 3. The exhaust system of claim 2 wherein:
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to command actuating the DEF admission valve to admit DEF increased in temperature to the deposition-mitigation temperature into the exhaust conduit; and
the reduction in exhaust temperature includes a reduction to an exhaust temperature of about 200° C. or less. 4. The exhaust system of claim 1 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to determine the deposition-mitigation temperature. 5. The exhaust system of claim 4 wherein:
the condition sensor is one of a plurality of condition sensors structured to produce a plurality of condition signals; and
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to determine the deposition-mitigation temperature based on the plurality of condition signals. 6. The exhaust system of claim 5 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to look up the deposition-mitigation temperature in a map having an exhaust temperature coordinate, an exhaust flow coordinate, and a DEF dosing coordinate. 7. The exhaust system of claim 4 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to:
calculate a preheater control value based on a difference between a present DEF temperature and the deposition-mitigation temperature; and
command the increased heat energy output of the preheater based upon the preheater control value. 8. The exhaust system of claim 7 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to calculate the preheater control value based on an expected ambient heat loss. 9. A diesel emission fluid (DEF) system comprising:
a DEF delivery controller structured to couple with a preheater, for preheating DEF for delivery into an exhaust conduit in the exhaust system, and with a condition sensor, for monitoring a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system; the DEF delivery controller being further structured to:
receive a condition signal from the condition sensor indicative of a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system;
determine a deposition-mitigation temperature for DEF to be admitted into an exhaust conduit in the exhaust system, based on the condition signal; and
command an increased heat energy output of the preheater, such that a temperature of the DEF to be admitted into the exhaust conduit is increased to the deposition-mitigation temperature. 10. The DEF system of claim 9 wherein:
the deposition risk condition includes a reduced exhaust temperature condition; and
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to command the increased heat energy output of the preheater by commanding turning on the preheater. 11. The DEF system of claim 9 wherein the DEF delivery system includes the condition sensor, and wherein the condition sensor is an exhaust temperature sensor and the condition signal is an exhaust temperature signal. 12. The DEF system of claim 11 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to:
calculate a preheater control value based on a difference between a present DEF temperature and the deposition-mitigation temperature; and
command the increased heat energy output of the preheater based upon the preheater control value. 13. The DEF system of claim 12 further comprising:
a DEF tank temperature condition sensor structured to produce a DEF tank temperature signal;
an ambient temperature condition sensor structured to produce an ambient temperature signal; and
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to calculate the preheater control value based on the exhaust temperature signal, the DEF tank temperature signal, and the ambient temperature signal. 14. The DEF system of claim 11 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to look up the deposition-mitigation temperature in a map having an exhaust temperature coordinate, an exhaust flow coordinate, and DEF dosing coordinate. 15. A method of operating an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine comprising:
producing a condition signal indicative of a diesel emission fluid (DEF) deposition risk in the exhaust system; increasing a heat energy output of a preheater for DEF in a DEF system of the exhaust system based on the condition signal; increasing a temperature of DEF in the DEF system to a deposition-mitigation temperature based on the increased heat energy output; and commanding admission of the DEF increased in temperature to the deposition-mitigation temperature into an exhaust conduit in the exhaust system. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the producing of a condition signal includes producing an exhaust temperature signal indicative of a reduction in exhaust temperature. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the increasing of the heat energy output of the preheater includes increasing the heat energy output by turning on the preheater. 18. The method of claim 16 further comprising determining the deposition-mitigation temperature based on exhaust temperature, exhaust flow, and DEF dosing. 19. The method of claim 15 further comprising calculating a preheater control value based on a difference between a present DEF temperature and the deposition-mitigation temperature. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the calculating of the preheater control value further includes calculating the preheater control value based on an expected ambient heat loss. | An exhaust system for an engine includes an exhaust conduit, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device in the exhaust conduit, and a diesel emission fluid (DEF) system. The diesel emission fluid system includes a DEF delivery controller structured to receive a condition signal indicative of a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system, and to command an increased heat energy output of a preheater to preheat DEF to be admitted into the exhaust conduit, such that a temperature of the DEF is increased to a deposition-mitigation temperature. Related methodology and control logic is also disclosed.1. An exhaust system for an engine comprising:
an exhaust conduit extending between an upstream end structured to receive exhaust produced by the engine, and a downstream end; a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device positioned in the exhaust conduit; a diesel emission fluid (DEF) system including a DEF admission valve connected to the exhaust conduit at a location that is upstream of the SCR, a preheater, a condition sensor, and a DEF delivery controller; the DEF delivery controller is coupled with the preheater and with the condition sensor, and structured to:
receive a condition signal produced by the condition sensor that is indicative of a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system; and
command an increased heat energy output of the preheater based on the condition signal, such that a temperature of DEF to be admitted into the exhaust conduit is increased to a deposition-mitigation temperature. 2. The exhaust system of claim 1 wherein the condition signal includes an exhaust temperature signal indicative of a reduction in exhaust temperature. 3. The exhaust system of claim 2 wherein:
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to command actuating the DEF admission valve to admit DEF increased in temperature to the deposition-mitigation temperature into the exhaust conduit; and
the reduction in exhaust temperature includes a reduction to an exhaust temperature of about 200° C. or less. 4. The exhaust system of claim 1 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to determine the deposition-mitigation temperature. 5. The exhaust system of claim 4 wherein:
the condition sensor is one of a plurality of condition sensors structured to produce a plurality of condition signals; and
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to determine the deposition-mitigation temperature based on the plurality of condition signals. 6. The exhaust system of claim 5 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to look up the deposition-mitigation temperature in a map having an exhaust temperature coordinate, an exhaust flow coordinate, and a DEF dosing coordinate. 7. The exhaust system of claim 4 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to:
calculate a preheater control value based on a difference between a present DEF temperature and the deposition-mitigation temperature; and
command the increased heat energy output of the preheater based upon the preheater control value. 8. The exhaust system of claim 7 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to calculate the preheater control value based on an expected ambient heat loss. 9. A diesel emission fluid (DEF) system comprising:
a DEF delivery controller structured to couple with a preheater, for preheating DEF for delivery into an exhaust conduit in the exhaust system, and with a condition sensor, for monitoring a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system; the DEF delivery controller being further structured to:
receive a condition signal from the condition sensor indicative of a DEF deposition risk condition in the exhaust system;
determine a deposition-mitigation temperature for DEF to be admitted into an exhaust conduit in the exhaust system, based on the condition signal; and
command an increased heat energy output of the preheater, such that a temperature of the DEF to be admitted into the exhaust conduit is increased to the deposition-mitigation temperature. 10. The DEF system of claim 9 wherein:
the deposition risk condition includes a reduced exhaust temperature condition; and
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to command the increased heat energy output of the preheater by commanding turning on the preheater. 11. The DEF system of claim 9 wherein the DEF delivery system includes the condition sensor, and wherein the condition sensor is an exhaust temperature sensor and the condition signal is an exhaust temperature signal. 12. The DEF system of claim 11 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to:
calculate a preheater control value based on a difference between a present DEF temperature and the deposition-mitigation temperature; and
command the increased heat energy output of the preheater based upon the preheater control value. 13. The DEF system of claim 12 further comprising:
a DEF tank temperature condition sensor structured to produce a DEF tank temperature signal;
an ambient temperature condition sensor structured to produce an ambient temperature signal; and
the DEF delivery controller is further structured to calculate the preheater control value based on the exhaust temperature signal, the DEF tank temperature signal, and the ambient temperature signal. 14. The DEF system of claim 11 wherein the DEF delivery controller is further structured to look up the deposition-mitigation temperature in a map having an exhaust temperature coordinate, an exhaust flow coordinate, and DEF dosing coordinate. 15. A method of operating an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine comprising:
producing a condition signal indicative of a diesel emission fluid (DEF) deposition risk in the exhaust system; increasing a heat energy output of a preheater for DEF in a DEF system of the exhaust system based on the condition signal; increasing a temperature of DEF in the DEF system to a deposition-mitigation temperature based on the increased heat energy output; and commanding admission of the DEF increased in temperature to the deposition-mitigation temperature into an exhaust conduit in the exhaust system. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the producing of a condition signal includes producing an exhaust temperature signal indicative of a reduction in exhaust temperature. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the increasing of the heat energy output of the preheater includes increasing the heat energy output by turning on the preheater. 18. The method of claim 16 further comprising determining the deposition-mitigation temperature based on exhaust temperature, exhaust flow, and DEF dosing. 19. The method of claim 15 further comprising calculating a preheater control value based on a difference between a present DEF temperature and the deposition-mitigation temperature. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the calculating of the preheater control value further includes calculating the preheater control value based on an expected ambient heat loss. | 2,800 |
339,860 | 16,800,810 | 2,853 | A method is provided for sending a drone to a user on request. The method includes providing software, an instance of which is installed on a plurality of mobile technology platforms, wherein each mobile technology platform is associated with a user and is equipped with a tangible, non-transient medium having an instance of the software installed therein. The software contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of (a) displaying, on a display associated with the mobile technology platform, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user selectable object displayed thereon, (b) determining when the user selectable object has been selected by a user, and (c) when the user selectable object has been selected by the user, (i) determining the current location of the user via the location awareness functionality, and (ii) transmitting a request for a drone, wherein the request includes the determined current location of the user. The method further includes receiving, from one of the plurality of mobile technology platforms, a transmitted request for a drone, and dispatching a drone, from a fleet of drones, to fly over the determined current location of the user set forth in the request. | 1. A system for sending a drone to a target location on request, comprising:
a plurality of mobile technology platforms, wherein each mobile technology platform comprises a processor and a tangible, non-transient computer-readable medium having an instance of a software program installed therein, and wherein the software program contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of:
(a) displaying, on a display associated with the mobile technology platform, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user selectable object displayed thereon,
(b) determining when the user selectable object has been selected by a user, and
(c) when the user selectable object has been selected by the user, (i) obtaining the target location for the drone, and (ii) transmitting a request for the drone, wherein the request includes the target location; and
a server provided in communication with the plurality of mobile technology platforms and with the drone, wherein the server is configured to:
(a) receive, from one of the plurality of mobile technology platforms, the transmitted request for the drone;
(d) dispatch the drone to fly to the target location specified in the request; and
(e) transmit a command to the drone to capture digital media from the target location using a device disposed on the drone;
wherein at least one of the mobile technology platform's ability to at least partially control a flight path of the drone and at least partially control the capture of digital media by the drone, is based on a location of the drone relative to a geofence associated with the target location. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein obtaining the target location for the drone comprises querying the user for the target location. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the mobile technology platform transmitting the request for the drone has location awareness capabilities. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein obtaining the target location for the drone comprises obtaining the current location of the mobile technology platform transmitting the request for the drone, and specifying the current location of the mobile technology platform as the target location. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital media includes at least one digital image. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital media includes at least one digital video. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital media includes at least one audio file. 8. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon entering the geofence, the software program allows the mobile technology platform to assume at least partial control over the flight path of the drone. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the GUI includes a flight control panel that allows the user to input flight control commands from the mobile technology platform to the drone. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the drone is equipped with a database of allowable commands, and wherein any flight control command received from the mobile technology platform which is not an allowable command is disregarded by the drone. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein said flight control commands include commands that specify a portion of the flight path to be taken by the drone during capture of the digital media. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon entering the geofence, the software program allows the mobile technology platform to assume at least partial control over the capture of digital media by the drone. 13. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon entering the geofence associated with the target location, the software program allows the mobile technology platform to assume at least partial control over the capture of digital media by the drone while the drone is within the geofence. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the GUI includes a digital media control panel that allows the user to input digital media capture control commands from the mobile technology platform to the drone. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein said digital media capture control commands include commands that specify the type of digital media to be captured by the drone. 16. The system of claim 14, wherein said digital media capture control commands include commands which specify when digital media is to be captured by the drone. 17. A system for requesting digital media capture by a drone, comprising:
a mobile technology platform equipped with a display and having a tangible, non-transient computer-readable medium with an instance of a software program installed therein, wherein the software program contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of:
(a) displaying, on the display, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user-selectable object displayed thereon, wherein the GUI includes a digital media control panel that allows a user to input digital media capture control commands from the mobile technology platform to the drone,
(b) determining when the user-selectable object has been selected by the user,
(c) when the user-selectable object has been selected by the user: (i) obtaining a target location from the mobile technology platform associated with the user, and (ii) transmitting a request for the drone, wherein the request includes the target location, and
(d) receiving digital media capture control commands via the digital media control panel and transmitting the digital capture commands to the drone; 18. A system for sending a drone to a user on request, comprising:
a plurality of mobile technology platforms, wherein each mobile technology platform is equipped with a tangible, non-transient computer-readable medium having an instance of a software program installed therein, and wherein the software program contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of:
(a) displaying, on a display associated with each mobile technology platform, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user-selectable object displayed thereon,
(b) determining when the user-selectable object has been selected by a user,
(c) when the user-selectable object has been selected by the user: (i) obtaining a destination for the drone, and (ii) transmitting a request for the drone, wherein the request includes the destination, and
(d) allowing the user to at least partially control at least one of the drone's flight path and capturing of digital media by the drone when the drone is located within a geofence associated with the destination; and
a server provided in communication with the plurality of mobile technology platforms and with the drone, wherein the server is configured to:
(a) receive the transmitted request for the drone, and
(b) dispatch the drone to fly to the destination specified in the request. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the destination corresponds to a determined location of the mobile technology platform associated with the user. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the at least partial control of at least one of the drone's flight and capturing of digital media by the drone is provided for a predetermined period of time. | A method is provided for sending a drone to a user on request. The method includes providing software, an instance of which is installed on a plurality of mobile technology platforms, wherein each mobile technology platform is associated with a user and is equipped with a tangible, non-transient medium having an instance of the software installed therein. The software contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of (a) displaying, on a display associated with the mobile technology platform, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user selectable object displayed thereon, (b) determining when the user selectable object has been selected by a user, and (c) when the user selectable object has been selected by the user, (i) determining the current location of the user via the location awareness functionality, and (ii) transmitting a request for a drone, wherein the request includes the determined current location of the user. The method further includes receiving, from one of the plurality of mobile technology platforms, a transmitted request for a drone, and dispatching a drone, from a fleet of drones, to fly over the determined current location of the user set forth in the request.1. A system for sending a drone to a target location on request, comprising:
a plurality of mobile technology platforms, wherein each mobile technology platform comprises a processor and a tangible, non-transient computer-readable medium having an instance of a software program installed therein, and wherein the software program contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of:
(a) displaying, on a display associated with the mobile technology platform, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user selectable object displayed thereon,
(b) determining when the user selectable object has been selected by a user, and
(c) when the user selectable object has been selected by the user, (i) obtaining the target location for the drone, and (ii) transmitting a request for the drone, wherein the request includes the target location; and
a server provided in communication with the plurality of mobile technology platforms and with the drone, wherein the server is configured to:
(a) receive, from one of the plurality of mobile technology platforms, the transmitted request for the drone;
(d) dispatch the drone to fly to the target location specified in the request; and
(e) transmit a command to the drone to capture digital media from the target location using a device disposed on the drone;
wherein at least one of the mobile technology platform's ability to at least partially control a flight path of the drone and at least partially control the capture of digital media by the drone, is based on a location of the drone relative to a geofence associated with the target location. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein obtaining the target location for the drone comprises querying the user for the target location. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the mobile technology platform transmitting the request for the drone has location awareness capabilities. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein obtaining the target location for the drone comprises obtaining the current location of the mobile technology platform transmitting the request for the drone, and specifying the current location of the mobile technology platform as the target location. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital media includes at least one digital image. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital media includes at least one digital video. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the digital media includes at least one audio file. 8. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon entering the geofence, the software program allows the mobile technology platform to assume at least partial control over the flight path of the drone. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the GUI includes a flight control panel that allows the user to input flight control commands from the mobile technology platform to the drone. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the drone is equipped with a database of allowable commands, and wherein any flight control command received from the mobile technology platform which is not an allowable command is disregarded by the drone. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein said flight control commands include commands that specify a portion of the flight path to be taken by the drone during capture of the digital media. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon entering the geofence, the software program allows the mobile technology platform to assume at least partial control over the capture of digital media by the drone. 13. The system of claim 1 wherein, upon entering the geofence associated with the target location, the software program allows the mobile technology platform to assume at least partial control over the capture of digital media by the drone while the drone is within the geofence. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the GUI includes a digital media control panel that allows the user to input digital media capture control commands from the mobile technology platform to the drone. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein said digital media capture control commands include commands that specify the type of digital media to be captured by the drone. 16. The system of claim 14, wherein said digital media capture control commands include commands which specify when digital media is to be captured by the drone. 17. A system for requesting digital media capture by a drone, comprising:
a mobile technology platform equipped with a display and having a tangible, non-transient computer-readable medium with an instance of a software program installed therein, wherein the software program contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of:
(a) displaying, on the display, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user-selectable object displayed thereon, wherein the GUI includes a digital media control panel that allows a user to input digital media capture control commands from the mobile technology platform to the drone,
(b) determining when the user-selectable object has been selected by the user,
(c) when the user-selectable object has been selected by the user: (i) obtaining a target location from the mobile technology platform associated with the user, and (ii) transmitting a request for the drone, wherein the request includes the target location, and
(d) receiving digital media capture control commands via the digital media control panel and transmitting the digital capture commands to the drone; 18. A system for sending a drone to a user on request, comprising:
a plurality of mobile technology platforms, wherein each mobile technology platform is equipped with a tangible, non-transient computer-readable medium having an instance of a software program installed therein, and wherein the software program contains suitable programming instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the steps of:
(a) displaying, on a display associated with each mobile technology platform, a graphical user interface (GUI) having a user-selectable object displayed thereon,
(b) determining when the user-selectable object has been selected by a user,
(c) when the user-selectable object has been selected by the user: (i) obtaining a destination for the drone, and (ii) transmitting a request for the drone, wherein the request includes the destination, and
(d) allowing the user to at least partially control at least one of the drone's flight path and capturing of digital media by the drone when the drone is located within a geofence associated with the destination; and
a server provided in communication with the plurality of mobile technology platforms and with the drone, wherein the server is configured to:
(a) receive the transmitted request for the drone, and
(b) dispatch the drone to fly to the destination specified in the request. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the destination corresponds to a determined location of the mobile technology platform associated with the user. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the at least partial control of at least one of the drone's flight and capturing of digital media by the drone is provided for a predetermined period of time. | 2,800 |
339,861 | 16,800,812 | 2,853 | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a stacked body of first conductor layers and second conductor layers. A pillar including a semiconductor layer extends along through the stacked body in a first direction. A charge storage layer is between the conductor layers and the semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer includes a first portion extending along the first direction from an uppermost first conductor layer to a lowermost second conductor layer and a second portion above the first portion in the first direction. The second portion has a diameter that decreases with increasing distance along the first direction from the first portion. | 1. A semiconductor memory device, comprising:
a stacked body including a plurality of first conductor layers and a plurality of second conductor layers above the plurality of first conductor layers in a first direction; a pillar including a semiconductor layer, the pillar extending along the first direction within the stacked body; and a charge storage layer between the plurality of first conductor layers and the semiconductor layer and between the plurality of second conductor layers and the semiconductor layer, wherein the semiconductor layer includes:
a first portion extending along the first direction from an uppermost first conductor layer among the plurality of first conductor layers to a lowermost second conductor layer among the plurality of second conductor layers; and
a second portion above the first portion in the first direction, and
the second portion has a diameter that decreases with increasing distance along the first direction from the first portion. 2. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor layer further includes:
a third portion above the second portion in the first direction, the third portion having a diameter that increases with increasing distance along the first direction from the second portion. 3. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 2, wherein the semiconductor layer further includes:
a fourth portion below the first portion in the first direction, the fourth portion having a diameter that decreases at a first rate with increasing distance from the first portion along the first direction, and a fifth portion below the fourth portion in the first direction, the fifth portion having a diameter that decreases at a second rate with increasing distance from the first portion along the first direction, the second rate being lower than the first rate. 4. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 2, wherein a lower surface of the lowermost second conductor layer intersects a surface of a portion of the lowermost second conductor layer facing the third portion of the semiconductor layer. 5. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein
the charge storage layer includes:
a first charge storage layer portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second charge storage layer portion above the first charge storage layer portion and having a diameter that increase with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion are continuous films. 6. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 5, wherein
the charge storage layer further includes:
a fifth charge storage layer portion connecting the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion, and
a film thickness of the fifth charge storage layer portion is less than a film thickness of the first charge storage layer portion and less than a film thickness of the second charge storage layer portion. 7. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 5, wherein the charge storage layer further includes:
a third charge storage layer portion between the first and second charge storage layer portions, the third charge storage layer portion having a diameter that decreases with distance upward along the first direction between the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion. 8. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 6, wherein the charge storage layer further includes:
a fourth charge storage layer portion extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, the fourth charge storage layer portion being between the first charge storage layer portion and the third charge storage layer portion. 9. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein the lowermost second conductor layer has a surface facing the second portion of the semiconductor layer. 10. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first insulator layer between the charge storage layer and the semiconductor layer, wherein the first insulator layer includes:
a first insulating portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second insulating portion above the first insulating portion and having a diameter that increases with distance upwards in the first direction, and
the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion of the first insulator layer are separated. 11. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 10, wherein
the charge storage layer includes:
a first charge storage layer portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second charge storage layer portion above the first charge storage layer portion in the first direction o and having a diameter that increases with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion are separated. 12. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 11, further comprising:
a second insulator layer between the plurality of first conductor layers and the charge storage layer and between the plurality of second conductor layers and the charge storage layer, wherein the second insulator layer includes:
a first portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second portion above the first portion of the second insulator layer in the first direction and having a diameter that increases with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first portion of the second insulator layer and the second portion of the second insulator layer are continuous films. 13. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 12, wherein
the second insulator layer further includes:
a third portion connecting the first portion of the second insulator layer and the second portion of the second insulator layer, and
a film thickness of the third portion of the second insulator layer is less than a film thickness of the first portion of the second insulator layer and a film thickness of the second portion of the second insulator layer. 14. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first insulator layer between the charge storage layer and the semiconductor layer, wherein the first insulator layer includes:
a first portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second portion above the first portion of the first insulator layer in the first direction and having a diameter that increases with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first portion of the first insulator layer and the second portion of the first insulator layer are continuous films. 15. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 14, wherein
the first insulator layer further includes:
a third portion connecting the first portion of the first insulator layer and the second portion of the first insulator layer, and
a film thickness of the third portion of the first insulator layer is less than a film thickness of the first portion of the first insulator layer and less than a film thickness of the second portion of the first insulator layer. 16. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein a distance along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer is greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent first conductor layers of the plurality of first conductor layers, and greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent second conductor layers of the plurality of second conductor layers. 17. A manufacturing method of a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a first stacked body including a plurality of first sacrificial layers stacked along a first direction, forming an interlayer insulating film on the first stacked body; forming a first hole penetrating the interlayer insulating film and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; forming a second sacrificial material in the first hole; forming a second stacked body on the interlayer insulating film and the second sacrificial material, the second stacked body including a plurality of third sacrificial layers stacked along the first direction; forming a second hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers and reaching the second sacrificial material; forming a third hole by removing the second sacrificial material, wherein a film thickness of the interlayer insulating film is greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent first sacrificial layers of the plurality of first sacrificial layers, and a distance along the first direction between adjacent third sacrificial layers of the plurality of third sacrificial layers; depositing a fourth sacrificial material on a sidewall of the third hole; removing the fourth sacrificial material on convex portions of the sidewall of the third hole and portions of the first stacked body and the second stacked body corresponding to the convex portions of the sidewall, while thinning the fourth sacrificial material on the sidewall at other than the convex portions; selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material remaining on the sidewall of the third hole; and forming a charge storage layer and a semiconductor layer on the sidewall of the third hole after selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material. 18. The manufacturing method according to claim 17, further comprising:
forming a fourth hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers, the interlayer insulating film, and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; and replacing each of the plurality of first sacrificial layers and the plurality of third sacrificial layers with a conductor material supplied via the fourth hole. 19. A manufacturing method for a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a first stacked body including a plurality of first sacrificial layers stacked along a first direction, forming an interlayer insulating film on the first stacked body; forming a first hole penetrating the interlayer insulating film and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; forming a second sacrificial material in the first hole; forming a second stacked body on the interlayer insulating film and the second sacrificial material, the second stacked body including a plurality of third sacrificial layers stacked along the first direction; forming a second hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers and reaching the second sacrificial material; forming a third hole by removing the second sacrificial material, wherein a film thickness of the interlayer insulating film is greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent first sacrificial layers of the plurality of first sacrificial layers, and a distance along the first direction between adjacent third sacrificial layers of the plurality of third sacrificial layers; depositing a charge storage layer and then a fourth sacrificial material on a sidewall of the third hole; removing the fourth sacrificial material on convex portions of the sidewall of the third hole and the charge storage layer on the convex portions, while thinning the fourth sacrificial on the sidewall at other than the convex portions; selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material remaining on the sidewall of the third hole; and forming a semiconductor layer on the sidewall of the third hole after selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material. 20. The manufacturing method according to claim 19, further comprising:
forming a fourth hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers, the interlayer insulating film, and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; and replacing each of the plurality of first sacrificial layers and the plurality of third sacrificial layers with a conductor material supplied via the fourth hole. | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a stacked body of first conductor layers and second conductor layers. A pillar including a semiconductor layer extends along through the stacked body in a first direction. A charge storage layer is between the conductor layers and the semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer includes a first portion extending along the first direction from an uppermost first conductor layer to a lowermost second conductor layer and a second portion above the first portion in the first direction. The second portion has a diameter that decreases with increasing distance along the first direction from the first portion.1. A semiconductor memory device, comprising:
a stacked body including a plurality of first conductor layers and a plurality of second conductor layers above the plurality of first conductor layers in a first direction; a pillar including a semiconductor layer, the pillar extending along the first direction within the stacked body; and a charge storage layer between the plurality of first conductor layers and the semiconductor layer and between the plurality of second conductor layers and the semiconductor layer, wherein the semiconductor layer includes:
a first portion extending along the first direction from an uppermost first conductor layer among the plurality of first conductor layers to a lowermost second conductor layer among the plurality of second conductor layers; and
a second portion above the first portion in the first direction, and
the second portion has a diameter that decreases with increasing distance along the first direction from the first portion. 2. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor layer further includes:
a third portion above the second portion in the first direction, the third portion having a diameter that increases with increasing distance along the first direction from the second portion. 3. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 2, wherein the semiconductor layer further includes:
a fourth portion below the first portion in the first direction, the fourth portion having a diameter that decreases at a first rate with increasing distance from the first portion along the first direction, and a fifth portion below the fourth portion in the first direction, the fifth portion having a diameter that decreases at a second rate with increasing distance from the first portion along the first direction, the second rate being lower than the first rate. 4. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 2, wherein a lower surface of the lowermost second conductor layer intersects a surface of a portion of the lowermost second conductor layer facing the third portion of the semiconductor layer. 5. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein
the charge storage layer includes:
a first charge storage layer portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second charge storage layer portion above the first charge storage layer portion and having a diameter that increase with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion are continuous films. 6. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 5, wherein
the charge storage layer further includes:
a fifth charge storage layer portion connecting the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion, and
a film thickness of the fifth charge storage layer portion is less than a film thickness of the first charge storage layer portion and less than a film thickness of the second charge storage layer portion. 7. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 5, wherein the charge storage layer further includes:
a third charge storage layer portion between the first and second charge storage layer portions, the third charge storage layer portion having a diameter that decreases with distance upward along the first direction between the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion. 8. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 6, wherein the charge storage layer further includes:
a fourth charge storage layer portion extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, the fourth charge storage layer portion being between the first charge storage layer portion and the third charge storage layer portion. 9. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein the lowermost second conductor layer has a surface facing the second portion of the semiconductor layer. 10. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first insulator layer between the charge storage layer and the semiconductor layer, wherein the first insulator layer includes:
a first insulating portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second insulating portion above the first insulating portion and having a diameter that increases with distance upwards in the first direction, and
the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion of the first insulator layer are separated. 11. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 10, wherein
the charge storage layer includes:
a first charge storage layer portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second charge storage layer portion above the first charge storage layer portion in the first direction o and having a diameter that increases with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first charge storage layer portion and the second charge storage layer portion are separated. 12. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 11, further comprising:
a second insulator layer between the plurality of first conductor layers and the charge storage layer and between the plurality of second conductor layers and the charge storage layer, wherein the second insulator layer includes:
a first portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second portion above the first portion of the second insulator layer in the first direction and having a diameter that increases with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first portion of the second insulator layer and the second portion of the second insulator layer are continuous films. 13. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 12, wherein
the second insulator layer further includes:
a third portion connecting the first portion of the second insulator layer and the second portion of the second insulator layer, and
a film thickness of the third portion of the second insulator layer is less than a film thickness of the first portion of the second insulator layer and a film thickness of the second portion of the second insulator layer. 14. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first insulator layer between the charge storage layer and the semiconductor layer, wherein the first insulator layer includes:
a first portion extending along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer, and
a second portion above the first portion of the first insulator layer in the first direction and having a diameter that increases with distance upward along the first direction, and
the first portion of the first insulator layer and the second portion of the first insulator layer are continuous films. 15. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 14, wherein
the first insulator layer further includes:
a third portion connecting the first portion of the first insulator layer and the second portion of the first insulator layer, and
a film thickness of the third portion of the first insulator layer is less than a film thickness of the first portion of the first insulator layer and less than a film thickness of the second portion of the first insulator layer. 16. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 1, wherein a distance along the first direction between the uppermost first conductor layer and the lowermost second conductor layer is greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent first conductor layers of the plurality of first conductor layers, and greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent second conductor layers of the plurality of second conductor layers. 17. A manufacturing method of a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a first stacked body including a plurality of first sacrificial layers stacked along a first direction, forming an interlayer insulating film on the first stacked body; forming a first hole penetrating the interlayer insulating film and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; forming a second sacrificial material in the first hole; forming a second stacked body on the interlayer insulating film and the second sacrificial material, the second stacked body including a plurality of third sacrificial layers stacked along the first direction; forming a second hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers and reaching the second sacrificial material; forming a third hole by removing the second sacrificial material, wherein a film thickness of the interlayer insulating film is greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent first sacrificial layers of the plurality of first sacrificial layers, and a distance along the first direction between adjacent third sacrificial layers of the plurality of third sacrificial layers; depositing a fourth sacrificial material on a sidewall of the third hole; removing the fourth sacrificial material on convex portions of the sidewall of the third hole and portions of the first stacked body and the second stacked body corresponding to the convex portions of the sidewall, while thinning the fourth sacrificial material on the sidewall at other than the convex portions; selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material remaining on the sidewall of the third hole; and forming a charge storage layer and a semiconductor layer on the sidewall of the third hole after selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material. 18. The manufacturing method according to claim 17, further comprising:
forming a fourth hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers, the interlayer insulating film, and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; and replacing each of the plurality of first sacrificial layers and the plurality of third sacrificial layers with a conductor material supplied via the fourth hole. 19. A manufacturing method for a semiconductor memory device, the method comprising:
forming a first stacked body including a plurality of first sacrificial layers stacked along a first direction, forming an interlayer insulating film on the first stacked body; forming a first hole penetrating the interlayer insulating film and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; forming a second sacrificial material in the first hole; forming a second stacked body on the interlayer insulating film and the second sacrificial material, the second stacked body including a plurality of third sacrificial layers stacked along the first direction; forming a second hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers and reaching the second sacrificial material; forming a third hole by removing the second sacrificial material, wherein a film thickness of the interlayer insulating film is greater than a distance along the first direction between adjacent first sacrificial layers of the plurality of first sacrificial layers, and a distance along the first direction between adjacent third sacrificial layers of the plurality of third sacrificial layers; depositing a charge storage layer and then a fourth sacrificial material on a sidewall of the third hole; removing the fourth sacrificial material on convex portions of the sidewall of the third hole and the charge storage layer on the convex portions, while thinning the fourth sacrificial on the sidewall at other than the convex portions; selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material remaining on the sidewall of the third hole; and forming a semiconductor layer on the sidewall of the third hole after selectively removing the fourth sacrificial material. 20. The manufacturing method according to claim 19, further comprising:
forming a fourth hole penetrating the plurality of third sacrificial layers, the interlayer insulating film, and the plurality of first sacrificial layers; and replacing each of the plurality of first sacrificial layers and the plurality of third sacrificial layers with a conductor material supplied via the fourth hole. | 2,800 |
339,862 | 16,800,781 | 2,853 | A three-dimensional (3D) measurement system, a method of measuring 3D coordinates, and a method of generating dense 3D data is provided. The method of measuring 3D coordinates includes using a first 3D measurement device and a second 3D measurement device in a cooperative manner is provided. The method includes acquiring a first set of 3D coordinates with the first 3D measurement device. The first set of 3D coordinates are transferred to the second 3D measurement device. A second set of 3D coordinates is acquired with the second 3D measurement device. The second set of 3D coordinates are registered to the first set of 3D coordinates in real-time while the second 3D measurement device is acquiring the second set of 3D coordinates. | 1. A three-dimensional (3D) measurement system comprising:
a first 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a first set of three-dimensional coordinates of a first surface in an environment and of a second surface, the first set of three-dimensional coordinates being in a first coordinate frame of reference; a second 3D measurement device includes the second surface, the second 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a second set of three-dimensional coordinates of a third surface in the environment, the second set of three-dimensional coordinates being in an second coordinate frame of reference; and a processor operably coupled to the first 3D measurement device and the second 3D measurement device, the processor operable to execute nontransitory computer instructions when executed on the processor for transforming the first set of three-dimensional coordinates and the second set of three-dimensional coordinates into a common coordinate frame of reference, wherein the transformation is based at least in part on a portion of the first set of three-dimensional coordinates on the second surface. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to identify the second 3D measurement device based at least in part on the portion of the first set of three-dimensional coordinates. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to determine a location and orientation of the second 3D measurement device based at least in part on the portion of the first set of three-dimensional coordinates. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the transforming of the second set of 3D coordinates is based at least in part on the location and orientation of the second 3D measurement device. 5. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a user interface associated with the second 3D measuring device; and wherein the processor is further responsive to display the first set of three-dimensional coordinates on the user interface and display a graphical indicator in an area having a parameter less than a threshold. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the parameter is a density of 3D coordinates in the area. 7. A method of measuring three-dimensional (3D) coordinates using a first 3D measurement device and a second 3D measurement device in a cooperative manner, the method comprising:
acquiring a first set of 3D coordinates with the first 3D measurement device; transferring the first set of 3D coordinates to the second 3D measurement device; acquiring a second set of 3D coordinates with the second 3D measurement device; registering the second set of 3D coordinates to the first set of 3D coordinates in real-time while the second 3D measurement device is acquiring the second set of 3D coordinates. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising displaying the first set of 3D coordinates and the second set of 3D coordinates on a display after registration. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising displaying the first set of 3D coordinates on a display associated with the second 3D measurement device. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising displaying a graphical indicator on the display indicating an area where the first set of 3D coordinates have a parameter less than a threshold. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the parameter is a density of 3D coordinates in the area. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein the registration of the second set of 3d coordinates to the first set of 3d coordinates is based on natural textures, natural geometry, artificial textures, artificial geometry or a combination thereof 13. The method of claim 7, wherein the first set of 3D coordinates includes a portion of 3D coordinates located on the second 3D measurement device. 14. A three-dimensional (3D) measurement system comprising:
a first 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a first set of three-dimensional coordinates of a first surface in an environment, the first set of three-dimensional coordinates being in a first coordinate frame of reference; a second 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a second set of three-dimensional coordinates of a second surface in the environment, the second set of three-dimensional coordinates being in a second coordinate frame of reference; and a display operably coupled to one of the first 3D measurement device or the second 3D measurement device; and one or more processors operably coupled to the first 3D measurement device or the second 3D measurement device, the one or more processors operable to execute nontransitory computer instructions when executed on the one or more processors for displaying a graphical indicator on the display indicating an area based in part on the first set of 3D coordinates having a parameter less than a threshold. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the parameter is a density of 3D coordinates in the area. 16. The system of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are further responsive to displaying the graphical indicator based in part on a combination of the first set of 3D coordinates and the second set of 3D coordinates having the parameter less than the threshold. 17. A method of generating a dense 3D data set, the method comprising:
acquiring a first set of data, the first set of data including a dense 3D data set and a dense 2D image; acquiring a first sequence having a first plurality of frames of data, each frame of the first plurality of frames of data having dense 2D data and sparse 3D data, wherein the 3D data in each of the first plurality of frames of data has a 3D density below a threshold that allows the first plurality of frames of data to be registered to the first set of data; aligning each of the first plurality of frames of data within the first sequence to each other based at least in part on the first set of data; and storing the aligned first plurality of frames and the first set of data in memory. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the first plurality of frames of data is aligned to the first set of data, and the alignment of the first plurality of frames of data is further based at least in part on the 2D data of each of the first plurality of frames of data. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
aligning each of the frames of the first plurality of frames of data to each other based on the 2D data and the 3D data of each frame of the first plurality of frames of data . 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising realigning the frames of the first plurality of frames of data based at least in part on the first set of data. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the realignment of the frames of the first plurality of frames of data is based at least in part on a weighting between the alignment to the first set of data and the alignment using the 2D data and the 3D data of each frame of the first plurality of frames of data . 22. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
acquiring a second sequence having a second plurality of frames of data, each of the frames of the second plurality of frames of data having dense 2D data and sparse 3D data; and aligning each of the frames of the second plurality of frames of data to each other based on the 2D data and the 3D data of each frame of the second plurality of frames of data. 23. The method of claim 22, further comprising:
aligning the first sequence with the first set of data based at least in part on the 3D data of the first sequence; and aligning the second sequence with the first set of data and the first sequence based at least in part on the 3D data of the second sequence, the 3D data of the first sequence and the first set of data. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising realigning each of the frames of the first plurality of frames of data and the second plurality of frames of data based at least in part on the alignment of the first sequence and the second sequence to the first set of data and the alignment of the second sequence with the first sequence. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence spatially overlap. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence do not spatially overlap. | A three-dimensional (3D) measurement system, a method of measuring 3D coordinates, and a method of generating dense 3D data is provided. The method of measuring 3D coordinates includes using a first 3D measurement device and a second 3D measurement device in a cooperative manner is provided. The method includes acquiring a first set of 3D coordinates with the first 3D measurement device. The first set of 3D coordinates are transferred to the second 3D measurement device. A second set of 3D coordinates is acquired with the second 3D measurement device. The second set of 3D coordinates are registered to the first set of 3D coordinates in real-time while the second 3D measurement device is acquiring the second set of 3D coordinates.1. A three-dimensional (3D) measurement system comprising:
a first 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a first set of three-dimensional coordinates of a first surface in an environment and of a second surface, the first set of three-dimensional coordinates being in a first coordinate frame of reference; a second 3D measurement device includes the second surface, the second 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a second set of three-dimensional coordinates of a third surface in the environment, the second set of three-dimensional coordinates being in an second coordinate frame of reference; and a processor operably coupled to the first 3D measurement device and the second 3D measurement device, the processor operable to execute nontransitory computer instructions when executed on the processor for transforming the first set of three-dimensional coordinates and the second set of three-dimensional coordinates into a common coordinate frame of reference, wherein the transformation is based at least in part on a portion of the first set of three-dimensional coordinates on the second surface. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to identify the second 3D measurement device based at least in part on the portion of the first set of three-dimensional coordinates. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operable to determine a location and orientation of the second 3D measurement device based at least in part on the portion of the first set of three-dimensional coordinates. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the transforming of the second set of 3D coordinates is based at least in part on the location and orientation of the second 3D measurement device. 5. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a user interface associated with the second 3D measuring device; and wherein the processor is further responsive to display the first set of three-dimensional coordinates on the user interface and display a graphical indicator in an area having a parameter less than a threshold. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the parameter is a density of 3D coordinates in the area. 7. A method of measuring three-dimensional (3D) coordinates using a first 3D measurement device and a second 3D measurement device in a cooperative manner, the method comprising:
acquiring a first set of 3D coordinates with the first 3D measurement device; transferring the first set of 3D coordinates to the second 3D measurement device; acquiring a second set of 3D coordinates with the second 3D measurement device; registering the second set of 3D coordinates to the first set of 3D coordinates in real-time while the second 3D measurement device is acquiring the second set of 3D coordinates. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising displaying the first set of 3D coordinates and the second set of 3D coordinates on a display after registration. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising displaying the first set of 3D coordinates on a display associated with the second 3D measurement device. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising displaying a graphical indicator on the display indicating an area where the first set of 3D coordinates have a parameter less than a threshold. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the parameter is a density of 3D coordinates in the area. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein the registration of the second set of 3d coordinates to the first set of 3d coordinates is based on natural textures, natural geometry, artificial textures, artificial geometry or a combination thereof 13. The method of claim 7, wherein the first set of 3D coordinates includes a portion of 3D coordinates located on the second 3D measurement device. 14. A three-dimensional (3D) measurement system comprising:
a first 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a first set of three-dimensional coordinates of a first surface in an environment, the first set of three-dimensional coordinates being in a first coordinate frame of reference; a second 3D measurement device operable to measure and determine a second set of three-dimensional coordinates of a second surface in the environment, the second set of three-dimensional coordinates being in a second coordinate frame of reference; and a display operably coupled to one of the first 3D measurement device or the second 3D measurement device; and one or more processors operably coupled to the first 3D measurement device or the second 3D measurement device, the one or more processors operable to execute nontransitory computer instructions when executed on the one or more processors for displaying a graphical indicator on the display indicating an area based in part on the first set of 3D coordinates having a parameter less than a threshold. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the parameter is a density of 3D coordinates in the area. 16. The system of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are further responsive to displaying the graphical indicator based in part on a combination of the first set of 3D coordinates and the second set of 3D coordinates having the parameter less than the threshold. 17. A method of generating a dense 3D data set, the method comprising:
acquiring a first set of data, the first set of data including a dense 3D data set and a dense 2D image; acquiring a first sequence having a first plurality of frames of data, each frame of the first plurality of frames of data having dense 2D data and sparse 3D data, wherein the 3D data in each of the first plurality of frames of data has a 3D density below a threshold that allows the first plurality of frames of data to be registered to the first set of data; aligning each of the first plurality of frames of data within the first sequence to each other based at least in part on the first set of data; and storing the aligned first plurality of frames and the first set of data in memory. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the first plurality of frames of data is aligned to the first set of data, and the alignment of the first plurality of frames of data is further based at least in part on the 2D data of each of the first plurality of frames of data. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
aligning each of the frames of the first plurality of frames of data to each other based on the 2D data and the 3D data of each frame of the first plurality of frames of data . 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising realigning the frames of the first plurality of frames of data based at least in part on the first set of data. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the realignment of the frames of the first plurality of frames of data is based at least in part on a weighting between the alignment to the first set of data and the alignment using the 2D data and the 3D data of each frame of the first plurality of frames of data . 22. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
acquiring a second sequence having a second plurality of frames of data, each of the frames of the second plurality of frames of data having dense 2D data and sparse 3D data; and aligning each of the frames of the second plurality of frames of data to each other based on the 2D data and the 3D data of each frame of the second plurality of frames of data. 23. The method of claim 22, further comprising:
aligning the first sequence with the first set of data based at least in part on the 3D data of the first sequence; and aligning the second sequence with the first set of data and the first sequence based at least in part on the 3D data of the second sequence, the 3D data of the first sequence and the first set of data. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising realigning each of the frames of the first plurality of frames of data and the second plurality of frames of data based at least in part on the alignment of the first sequence and the second sequence to the first set of data and the alignment of the second sequence with the first sequence. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence spatially overlap. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence do not spatially overlap. | 2,800 |
339,863 | 16,800,813 | 2,853 | The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for the prevention of HSV infection in an HSV seronegative individual and for the treatment and prevention of recurrence in an HSV seropositive individual. | 1. A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, prophylaxis, or pre-exposure prophylaxis against HSV infection in a subject in need thereof comprising: a therapeutically effective amount of (a) valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and (b) famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s), diluent(s), carrier(s) and/or adjuvant(s). 2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (a) and 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 3-10. (canceled) 11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, comprising (a) and (b) in a dose ratio in mg/kg of about 5:1, about 4:1, about 3:1, about 2:1, about 1:1, about 1:2, about 1:3, about 1:4, or about 1:5. 12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 15 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 2.5 mg/kg body weight to about 7.5 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 10 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 25 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 20 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 150 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 250 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 150 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 13-17. (canceled) 18. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir. 19. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 1 mg to about 8000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or comprising about 125 mg to about 2000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 60 mg to about 1000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 20. (canceled) 21. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, formulated for oral administration, or comprising an oral tablet, oral capsule, or oral solution, or formulated for administration once daily or twice daily, or formulated in sustained-release form, or formulated in parenteral administration form. 22-25. (canceled) 26. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an additional antiviral agent or an HIV antiviral agent, or formulated for a female and additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a contraceptive. 27-28. (canceled) 29. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 26, wherein the additional antiviral agent comprises a helicase-primase inhibitor, amenamevir, N-methancocarbathymidine (N-MCT), tenofovir, emtricitabine, lamivudine, interfereon, ribavirin, boceprevir, telaprevir, simeprevir, sofosbuvir, ledipasvir, tenofovir, ombitasvir, paritaprevir, penciclovir, pritelivir, brincidofovir, cidofovir, ganciclovir, valganciclovir, valomaciclovir, or ritonavir. 30. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the HSV is HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (human herpes virus 4), cytomegalovirus (human herpes virus 5), roseolovirus (human herpes virus 6 and 7), or Karposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (human herpes virus 8). 31-32. (canceled) 33. A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, prophylaxis, or pre-exposure prophylaxis against HSV infection in a subject in need thereof comprising: a therapeutically effective amount of greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of an antiviral agent comprising acyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or combinations thereof, whereby the risk of HSV infection in the subject is reduced. 34. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 250 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from about 125 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight. 35-41. (canceled) 42. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, which comprises 0.5 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or greater than about 100 mg/kg body weight of a second antiviral agent. 43-45. (canceled) 46. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, which comprises valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof or comprises valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and acyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 47. (canceled) 48. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, which comprises greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir. 49. (canceled) 50. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 48, comprising about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 1 mg to about 8000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or about 125 mg to about 2000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 60 mg to about 1000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 51. (canceled) 52. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, formulated for oral administration, or comprising an oral tablet, oral capsule, or oral solution, or formulated for administration once daily or twice daily, or formulated in sustained-release form, or formulated in parenteral administration form. 53-56. (canceled) 57. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an additional antiviral agent or an HIV antiviral agent, or formulated for a female and additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a contraceptive. 58-59. (canceled) 60. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 57, wherein the additional antiviral agent comprises a helicase-primase inhibitor, amenamevir, N-methancocarbathymidine (N-MCT), tenofovir, emtricitabine, lamivudine, interferon, ribavirin, boceprevir, telaprevir, simeprevir, sofosbuvir, ledipasvir, tenofovir, ombitasvir, paritaprevir, penciclovir, pritelivir, brincidofovir, cidofovir, ganciclovir, valganciclovir, valomaciclovir, or ritonavir. 61. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, wherein the HSV is HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (human herpes virus 4), cytomegalovirus (human herpes virus 5), roseolovirus (human herpes virus 6 and 7), or Karposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (human herpes virus 8). 62. (canceled) 63. A method of pre-exposure prophylaxis against HSV infection in an HSV seronegative subject in need thereof, or a method of treating an HSV infection, or a method of suppressing an HSV infection, or a method of treatment or prophylactic treatment of a disease or condition associated with HSV infection, the method comprising administering to the subject daily a therapeutically effective amount of (a) valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and (b) famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s), diluent(s), carrier(s) and/or adjuvant(s). 64. The method of claim 63, wherein the therapeutically effective amount comprises 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (a) and 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 65-72. (canceled) 73. The method of claim 64, wherein the therapeutically effective amount comprises (a) and (b) in a dose ratio in mg/kg of about 5:1, about 4:1, about 3:1, about 2:1, about 1:1, about 1:2, about 1:3, about 1:4, or about 1:5. 74. The method of claim 64, wherein the therapeutically effective amount comprises about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 20 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 250 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 150 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 75-77. (canceled) 78. The method of claim 64, wherein the HSV infection comprises a neonatal infection, or wherein the disease or infection associated with HSV infection comprises Alzheimer's disease. 79. (canceled) 80. A method of pre-exposure prophylaxis against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in an HSV seronegative subject in need thereof, or a method of treating an HSV infection, or a method of suppressing an HSV infection, or a method of treatment or prophylactic treatment of a disease or condition associated with HSV infection, the method comprising administering to the subject daily a therapeutically effective amount of greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of an antiviral agent comprising acyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or combinations thereof, whereby the risk of HSV infection in the subject is reduced. 81. The method of claim 80, wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 250 mg/kg body weight, or from about 125 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight. 82-88. (canceled) 89. The method of claim 80, which comprises administering 0.5 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or greater than about 100 mg/kg body weight of a second antiviral agent. 90-94. (canceled) 95. The method of claim 80, wherein the antiviral agent comprises greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir, or comprises greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir. 96. (canceled) 97. The method of claim 93, which comprises administering about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or comprises administering about 125 mg to about 2000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 60 mg to about 1000 mg of famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 98. (canceled) 99. The method of claim 80, which comprises oral or intravenous administration, or comprises once daily or twice daily administration. 100. (canceled) 101. The method of claim 80, wherein the administering begins after physical contact with a partner who is seropositive for HSV, or wherein the administering begins prior to physical contact with the HSV seropositive partner, and optionally comprises administering the composition to the HSV seropositive partner. 102-103. (canceled) 104. The method of claim 80, wherein the HSV is HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (human herpes virus 4), cytomegalovirus (human herpes virus 5), roseolovirus (human herpes virus 6 and 7), or Karposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (human herpes virus 8). 105-106. (canceled) 107. The method of claim 80, wherein the HSV infection is comprises a neonatal infection, or wherein the disease or infection associated with HSV infection comprises Alzheimer's disease. 108. (canceled) | The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for the prevention of HSV infection in an HSV seronegative individual and for the treatment and prevention of recurrence in an HSV seropositive individual.1. A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, prophylaxis, or pre-exposure prophylaxis against HSV infection in a subject in need thereof comprising: a therapeutically effective amount of (a) valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and (b) famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s), diluent(s), carrier(s) and/or adjuvant(s). 2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (a) and 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 3-10. (canceled) 11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2, comprising (a) and (b) in a dose ratio in mg/kg of about 5:1, about 4:1, about 3:1, about 2:1, about 1:1, about 1:2, about 1:3, about 1:4, or about 1:5. 12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 15 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 2.5 mg/kg body weight to about 7.5 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 10 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 25 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 20 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 150 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 250 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 150 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 13-17. (canceled) 18. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir. 19. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, comprising about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 1 mg to about 8000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or comprising about 125 mg to about 2000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 60 mg to about 1000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 20. (canceled) 21. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, formulated for oral administration, or comprising an oral tablet, oral capsule, or oral solution, or formulated for administration once daily or twice daily, or formulated in sustained-release form, or formulated in parenteral administration form. 22-25. (canceled) 26. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an additional antiviral agent or an HIV antiviral agent, or formulated for a female and additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a contraceptive. 27-28. (canceled) 29. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 26, wherein the additional antiviral agent comprises a helicase-primase inhibitor, amenamevir, N-methancocarbathymidine (N-MCT), tenofovir, emtricitabine, lamivudine, interfereon, ribavirin, boceprevir, telaprevir, simeprevir, sofosbuvir, ledipasvir, tenofovir, ombitasvir, paritaprevir, penciclovir, pritelivir, brincidofovir, cidofovir, ganciclovir, valganciclovir, valomaciclovir, or ritonavir. 30. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the HSV is HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (human herpes virus 4), cytomegalovirus (human herpes virus 5), roseolovirus (human herpes virus 6 and 7), or Karposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (human herpes virus 8). 31-32. (canceled) 33. A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, prophylaxis, or pre-exposure prophylaxis against HSV infection in a subject in need thereof comprising: a therapeutically effective amount of greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of an antiviral agent comprising acyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or combinations thereof, whereby the risk of HSV infection in the subject is reduced. 34. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 250 mg/kg body weight, or wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from about 125 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight. 35-41. (canceled) 42. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, which comprises 0.5 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or greater than about 100 mg/kg body weight of a second antiviral agent. 43-45. (canceled) 46. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, which comprises valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof or comprises valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and acyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 47. (canceled) 48. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, which comprises greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir. 49. (canceled) 50. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 48, comprising about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 1 mg to about 8000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or about 125 mg to about 2000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 60 mg to about 1000 mg famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 51. (canceled) 52. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, formulated for oral administration, or comprising an oral tablet, oral capsule, or oral solution, or formulated for administration once daily or twice daily, or formulated in sustained-release form, or formulated in parenteral administration form. 53-56. (canceled) 57. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 46, additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an additional antiviral agent or an HIV antiviral agent, or formulated for a female and additionally comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a contraceptive. 58-59. (canceled) 60. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 57, wherein the additional antiviral agent comprises a helicase-primase inhibitor, amenamevir, N-methancocarbathymidine (N-MCT), tenofovir, emtricitabine, lamivudine, interferon, ribavirin, boceprevir, telaprevir, simeprevir, sofosbuvir, ledipasvir, tenofovir, ombitasvir, paritaprevir, penciclovir, pritelivir, brincidofovir, cidofovir, ganciclovir, valganciclovir, valomaciclovir, or ritonavir. 61. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 33, wherein the HSV is HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (human herpes virus 4), cytomegalovirus (human herpes virus 5), roseolovirus (human herpes virus 6 and 7), or Karposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (human herpes virus 8). 62. (canceled) 63. A method of pre-exposure prophylaxis against HSV infection in an HSV seronegative subject in need thereof, or a method of treating an HSV infection, or a method of suppressing an HSV infection, or a method of treatment or prophylactic treatment of a disease or condition associated with HSV infection, the method comprising administering to the subject daily a therapeutically effective amount of (a) valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and (b) famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s), diluent(s), carrier(s) and/or adjuvant(s). 64. The method of claim 63, wherein the therapeutically effective amount comprises 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (a) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (a) and 0.5 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 5 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 25 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 250 mg/kg body weight of (b) or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 65-72. (canceled) 73. The method of claim 64, wherein the therapeutically effective amount comprises (a) and (b) in a dose ratio in mg/kg of about 5:1, about 4:1, about 3:1, about 2:1, about 1:1, about 1:2, about 1:3, about 1:4, or about 1:5. 74. The method of claim 64, wherein the therapeutically effective amount comprises about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 20 mg/kg body weight to about 50 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 150 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 50 mg/kg body weight to about 100 mg/kg body weight of (b), or about 250 mg/kg body weight to about 1000 mg/kg body weight of (a) and about 150 mg/kg body weight to about 500 mg/kg body weight of (b). 75-77. (canceled) 78. The method of claim 64, wherein the HSV infection comprises a neonatal infection, or wherein the disease or infection associated with HSV infection comprises Alzheimer's disease. 79. (canceled) 80. A method of pre-exposure prophylaxis against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in an HSV seronegative subject in need thereof, or a method of treating an HSV infection, or a method of suppressing an HSV infection, or a method of treatment or prophylactic treatment of a disease or condition associated with HSV infection, the method comprising administering to the subject daily a therapeutically effective amount of greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of an antiviral agent comprising acyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or combinations thereof, whereby the risk of HSV infection in the subject is reduced. 81. The method of claim 80, wherein the amount of the antiviral agent is from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or from greater than 100 mg/kg to about 250 mg/kg body weight, or from about 125 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight. 82-88. (canceled) 89. The method of claim 80, which comprises administering 0.5 mg/kg to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight, or 0.5 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight, or greater than about 100 mg/kg body weight of a second antiviral agent. 90-94. (canceled) 95. The method of claim 80, wherein the antiviral agent comprises greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir, or comprises greater than 100 mg/kg to about 700 mg/kg body weight of valacyclovir and greater than 100 mg/kg to about 500 mg/kg body weight of famciclovir. 96. (canceled) 97. The method of claim 93, which comprises administering about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 1 mg to about 8000 mg of famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof, or comprises administering about 125 mg to about 2000 mg of valacyclovir or a salt or solvate thereof and about 60 mg to about 1000 mg of famciclovir or a salt or solvate thereof. 98. (canceled) 99. The method of claim 80, which comprises oral or intravenous administration, or comprises once daily or twice daily administration. 100. (canceled) 101. The method of claim 80, wherein the administering begins after physical contact with a partner who is seropositive for HSV, or wherein the administering begins prior to physical contact with the HSV seropositive partner, and optionally comprises administering the composition to the HSV seropositive partner. 102-103. (canceled) 104. The method of claim 80, wherein the HSV is HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (human herpes virus 4), cytomegalovirus (human herpes virus 5), roseolovirus (human herpes virus 6 and 7), or Karposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (human herpes virus 8). 105-106. (canceled) 107. The method of claim 80, wherein the HSV infection is comprises a neonatal infection, or wherein the disease or infection associated with HSV infection comprises Alzheimer's disease. 108. (canceled) | 2,800 |
339,864 | 16,800,757 | 2,853 | A base station (BS) may transmit, and a user equipment (UE) may receive, a physical channel, such as a narrowband physical downlink control channel (NPDCCH) or a narrowband physical downlink shared channel (NPDSCH). In an interference-limited scenario in a network, it may be desirable to perform additional processing to introduce interference randomization into the control channel to ensure that the UE can recover data of the control channel. Some types of UEs, such as legacy UEs, may not be capable of recovering the control channel when the additional processing is performed. In some aspects, the BS may identify a type of UE associated with a cell, and may transmit a physical channel processed using a processing scheme selected based at least in part on the type of UE associated with the cell. | 1. A method for wireless communication, comprising:
identifying, by a base station, a type of a user equipment associated with a cell; identifying, by the base station, a processing scheme for a channel of the cell based at least in part on the type of the user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme is identified from a first processing scheme that can be processed by a first type of user equipment and not a second type of user equipment or a second processing scheme that can be processed by the first type of user equipment and the second type of user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme relates to a scrambling sequence or a rotation sequence applied to the channel; and
transmitting, by the base station, the channel processed using the processing scheme based at least in part on identifying the processing scheme. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the type of the user equipment is identified based at least in part on a capability indication received from the user equipment. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the capability indication identifies a release version of the user equipment. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a processing scheme indication, corresponding to the processing scheme, is provided to the user equipment of the cell. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the processing scheme indication is signaled using a radio resource control reconfiguration message. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting comprises:
transmitting a first channel, processed using the first processing scheme, to a first user equipment of the first type based at least in part on providing a first processing scheme indication to the first user equipment; and transmitting a second channel, processed using the second processing scheme, to a second user equipment of the second type based at least in part on providing a second processing scheme indication to the second user equipment; and wherein the channel is the first channel or the second channel. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the type of the user equipment is identified based at least in part on a received configuration message or capability message. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the identification of the processing scheme is based at least in part on a type of a carrier; and
wherein the type of the carrier is associated with the first type of user equipment and not the second type of user equipment or associated with the first type of user equipment and the second type of user equipment. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the type of the carrier is an anchor carrier. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the type of the carrier is a non-anchor carrier for paging or random access. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing scheme is identified based at least in part on a type of the channel. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein a type of the channel is a multicast control channel or a multicast traffic channel. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the first processing scheme is used for a first one or more user equipment that accessed the cell using a first set of random access resources; and
wherein the second processing scheme is used for a second one or more user equipment that accessed the cell using a second set of random access resources. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel, when processed using the first processing scheme, is transmitted using a first search space of the cell; or
wherein the channel, when processed using the second processing scheme, is transmitted using a second search space of the cell. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein a first channel, processed using the first processing scheme, and a second channel, processed using the second processing scheme, are transmitted concurrently. 16. A device for wireless communication, comprising:
memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to:
identify a type of a user equipment associated with a cell;
identify a processing scheme for a channel of the cell based at least in part on the type of the user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme is identified from a first processing scheme that can be processed by a first type of user equipment and not a second type of user equipment or a second processing scheme that can be processed by the first type of user equipment and the second type of user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme relates to a scrambling sequence or a rotation sequence applied to the channel; and
transmit the channel processed using the processing scheme based at least in part on identifying the processing scheme. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the type of the user equipment is identified based at least in part on a capability indication received from the user equipment. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the capability indication identifies a release version of the user equipment. 19. The device of claim 16, wherein a processing scheme indication, corresponding to the processing scheme, is provided to the user equipment of the cell. 20. The device of claim 19, wherein the processing scheme indication is signaled using a radio resource control reconfiguration message. | A base station (BS) may transmit, and a user equipment (UE) may receive, a physical channel, such as a narrowband physical downlink control channel (NPDCCH) or a narrowband physical downlink shared channel (NPDSCH). In an interference-limited scenario in a network, it may be desirable to perform additional processing to introduce interference randomization into the control channel to ensure that the UE can recover data of the control channel. Some types of UEs, such as legacy UEs, may not be capable of recovering the control channel when the additional processing is performed. In some aspects, the BS may identify a type of UE associated with a cell, and may transmit a physical channel processed using a processing scheme selected based at least in part on the type of UE associated with the cell.1. A method for wireless communication, comprising:
identifying, by a base station, a type of a user equipment associated with a cell; identifying, by the base station, a processing scheme for a channel of the cell based at least in part on the type of the user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme is identified from a first processing scheme that can be processed by a first type of user equipment and not a second type of user equipment or a second processing scheme that can be processed by the first type of user equipment and the second type of user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme relates to a scrambling sequence or a rotation sequence applied to the channel; and
transmitting, by the base station, the channel processed using the processing scheme based at least in part on identifying the processing scheme. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the type of the user equipment is identified based at least in part on a capability indication received from the user equipment. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the capability indication identifies a release version of the user equipment. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a processing scheme indication, corresponding to the processing scheme, is provided to the user equipment of the cell. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the processing scheme indication is signaled using a radio resource control reconfiguration message. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting comprises:
transmitting a first channel, processed using the first processing scheme, to a first user equipment of the first type based at least in part on providing a first processing scheme indication to the first user equipment; and transmitting a second channel, processed using the second processing scheme, to a second user equipment of the second type based at least in part on providing a second processing scheme indication to the second user equipment; and wherein the channel is the first channel or the second channel. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the type of the user equipment is identified based at least in part on a received configuration message or capability message. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the identification of the processing scheme is based at least in part on a type of a carrier; and
wherein the type of the carrier is associated with the first type of user equipment and not the second type of user equipment or associated with the first type of user equipment and the second type of user equipment. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the type of the carrier is an anchor carrier. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the type of the carrier is a non-anchor carrier for paging or random access. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing scheme is identified based at least in part on a type of the channel. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein a type of the channel is a multicast control channel or a multicast traffic channel. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the first processing scheme is used for a first one or more user equipment that accessed the cell using a first set of random access resources; and
wherein the second processing scheme is used for a second one or more user equipment that accessed the cell using a second set of random access resources. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel, when processed using the first processing scheme, is transmitted using a first search space of the cell; or
wherein the channel, when processed using the second processing scheme, is transmitted using a second search space of the cell. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein a first channel, processed using the first processing scheme, and a second channel, processed using the second processing scheme, are transmitted concurrently. 16. A device for wireless communication, comprising:
memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to:
identify a type of a user equipment associated with a cell;
identify a processing scheme for a channel of the cell based at least in part on the type of the user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme is identified from a first processing scheme that can be processed by a first type of user equipment and not a second type of user equipment or a second processing scheme that can be processed by the first type of user equipment and the second type of user equipment,
wherein the processing scheme relates to a scrambling sequence or a rotation sequence applied to the channel; and
transmit the channel processed using the processing scheme based at least in part on identifying the processing scheme. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the type of the user equipment is identified based at least in part on a capability indication received from the user equipment. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the capability indication identifies a release version of the user equipment. 19. The device of claim 16, wherein a processing scheme indication, corresponding to the processing scheme, is provided to the user equipment of the cell. 20. The device of claim 19, wherein the processing scheme indication is signaled using a radio resource control reconfiguration message. | 2,800 |
339,865 | 16,800,833 | 2,853 | A heat sink plate includes a first layer made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy, a second layer formed on the first layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that includes copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be), a third layer formed on the second layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy, a fourth layer formed on the third layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that includes copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be), and a fifth layer formed on the fourth layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy. | 1. A heat sink plate comprising:
a first layer made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy; a second layer formed on the first layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that comprises copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be); a third layer formed on the second layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy; a fourth layer formed on the third layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that comprises copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be); and a fifth layer formed on the fourth layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy, wherein a cobalt (Co) diffusion layer having a predetermined thickness is formed on each of interfaces between the first, third, and fifth layers and the second and fourth layers disposed therebetween. 2. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a copper (Cu) content of each of the first, third, and fifth layers is 99 wt % or more. 3. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein the alloy comprises 5-40 wt % of copper (Cu), the balance of one component selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be), and inevitable impurities. 4. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a content of cobalt (Co) in the entire heat sink plate is 0.003-5 wt %. 5. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein each of the second and fourth layers is made of an alloy comprising 5-40 wt % of copper (Cu), the balance of molybdenum (Mo), and inevitable impurities. 6. The heat sink plate of claim 5,
wherein a content of molybdenum (Mo) in the entire heat sink plate is 3-15 wt %. 7. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a thickness of the cobalt (Co) diffusion layer is 50 nm to 100 μm. 8. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein the cobalt (Co) diffusion layer is formed on each of both sides of the interface. 9. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a thickness of each of the second and fourth layers is 10 μm to 110 μm. 10. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a total thickness of the heat sink plate is 0.5 mm to 5 mm. 11. The heat sink plate of claim 10,
wherein a sum of thicknesses of the second and fourth layers accounts for 5-35% of a thickness of the entire heat sink plate. 12. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a coefficient of thermal expansion of the heat sink plate in a surface direction is 6×10−6/K to 12×10−6/K. 13. The heat sink plate of claim 12,
wherein a thermal conductivity of the heat sink plate in a thickness direction is 200 W/mK or more. 14. The heat sink plate of claim 12,
wherein a thermal conductivity of the heat sink plate in a thickness direction is 300 W/mK or more. | A heat sink plate includes a first layer made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy, a second layer formed on the first layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that includes copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be), a third layer formed on the second layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy, a fourth layer formed on the third layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that includes copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be), and a fifth layer formed on the fourth layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy.1. A heat sink plate comprising:
a first layer made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy; a second layer formed on the first layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that comprises copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be); a third layer formed on the second layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy; a fourth layer formed on the third layer and made of molybdenum (Mo) or an alloy that comprises copper (Cu) and one or more components selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be); and a fifth layer formed on the fourth layer and made of copper (Cu) or a copper (Cu) alloy, wherein a cobalt (Co) diffusion layer having a predetermined thickness is formed on each of interfaces between the first, third, and fifth layers and the second and fourth layers disposed therebetween. 2. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a copper (Cu) content of each of the first, third, and fifth layers is 99 wt % or more. 3. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein the alloy comprises 5-40 wt % of copper (Cu), the balance of one component selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), carbon (C), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and beryllium (Be), and inevitable impurities. 4. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a content of cobalt (Co) in the entire heat sink plate is 0.003-5 wt %. 5. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein each of the second and fourth layers is made of an alloy comprising 5-40 wt % of copper (Cu), the balance of molybdenum (Mo), and inevitable impurities. 6. The heat sink plate of claim 5,
wherein a content of molybdenum (Mo) in the entire heat sink plate is 3-15 wt %. 7. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a thickness of the cobalt (Co) diffusion layer is 50 nm to 100 μm. 8. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein the cobalt (Co) diffusion layer is formed on each of both sides of the interface. 9. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a thickness of each of the second and fourth layers is 10 μm to 110 μm. 10. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a total thickness of the heat sink plate is 0.5 mm to 5 mm. 11. The heat sink plate of claim 10,
wherein a sum of thicknesses of the second and fourth layers accounts for 5-35% of a thickness of the entire heat sink plate. 12. The heat sink plate of claim 1,
wherein a coefficient of thermal expansion of the heat sink plate in a surface direction is 6×10−6/K to 12×10−6/K. 13. The heat sink plate of claim 12,
wherein a thermal conductivity of the heat sink plate in a thickness direction is 200 W/mK or more. 14. The heat sink plate of claim 12,
wherein a thermal conductivity of the heat sink plate in a thickness direction is 300 W/mK or more. | 2,800 |
339,866 | 16,800,829 | 2,853 | A computing apparatus is provided to improve information sharing between multiple operating systems of the same system, that operate in parallel. The computing apparatus includes a first system having a first display unit and configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”), and configured to display, on the first display unit, display information based on the processing by the first OS. The computing apparatus also includes a second system having a second display unit and configured to execute processing by a second OS, and configured to display, on the second display unit, display information based on the processing by the second OS. | 1. A computing apparatus comprising:
a first system having a first display unit and configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”), and configured to display, on the first display unit, display information based on the processing by the first OS; a second system having a second display unit and configured to execute processing by a second OS, and configured to display, on the second display unit, display information based on the processing by the second OS; and wherein both the first system and the second system execute processing in parallel. 2. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first system includes a first system chip configured to execute the processing by the first OS, the second system includes a second system chip configured to execute the processing by the second OS, and the first system chip and the second system chip are connected through a serial bus interface to perform information communication between the first system chip and the second system chip through the serial bus interface. 3. The computing apparatus of claim 2, further comprising an embedded control unit configured to operate independently of the first system chip and the second system chip to send input information to the first system chip or the second system chip. 4. The computing apparatus of claim 3, wherein:
the first system includes the embedded control unit; and the embedded control unit switches execution of processing between first input transmission processing for sending the input information to the first system chip through a first serial interface on which the first system chip is set as a master and the embedded control unit is set as a slave, and second input transmission processing for sending the input information to the second system chip through a second serial interface on which the embedded control unit is set as the master and the second system chip is set as the slave. 5. The computing apparatus of claim 4, wherein when an instruction to start or restart the computer is detected, the embedded control unit outputs, to the first system chip, an event to start the first OS, and outputs, to the second system chip, an event to start the second OS. 6. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first system and the second system share predetermined shared information. 7. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first system includes a first communication unit operably coupled to a network through wireless communication; and the second system includes a second communication unit operably coupled to the network through wireless communication. 8. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first OS and the second OS are different operating systems. 9. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first OS and the second OS are instances of the same operating system. 10. A program product comprising a computer readable storage medium that stores code executable by a processor, the executable code comprising code to:
display information on a first display unit of a personal computing apparatus based on processing by a first system, wherein the first system comprises the first display unit and is configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”); display information on a second display unit of the personal computing apparatus based on processing by a second system, wherein the second system comprises the second display unit and is configured to execute processing by a second OS; and execute, in parallel, processing by both the first system and the second system. 11. The program product of claim 10, further comprising code to:
execute processing by a first system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the first OS; execute processing by a second system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the second OS; and perform information communication between the first system chip and the second system chip, wherein the first system chip and the second system chip are connected through a serial bus interface. 12. The program product of claim 11, further comprising code to operate independently of the first system chip and the second system chip by an embedded control unit to send input information to the first system chip or the second system chip. 13. The program product of claim 12, wherein:
the first system includes the embedded control unit; and further comprising code to switch execution, by the embedded control unit, of processing between first input transmission processing for sending the input information to the first system chip through a first serial interface on which the first system chip is set as a master and the embedded control unit is set as a slave, and second input transmission processing for sending the input information to the second system chip through a second serial interface on which the embedded control unit is set as the master and the second system chip is set as the slave. 14. The program product of claim 13, further comprising code to detect a request to start or restart a personal computing device and, in response, output to the first system chip, an event to start the first OS, and outputs, to the second system chip, an event to start the second OS. 15. The program product of claim 10, further comprising code to share, between the first system and the second system, predetermined shared information. 16. The program product of claim 10, further comprising code to:
communicate wirelessly, by a first communication unit of the first system, with a network; and communicate wirelessly, by a second communication unit of the second system, with the network. 17. The program product of claim 10, wherein the first OS and the second OS are different operating systems. 18. The program product of claim 10, wherein the first OS and the second OS are instances of the same operating system. 19. A method comprising:
displaying information on a first display unit of a personal computing apparatus based on processing by a first system, wherein the first system comprises the first display unit and is configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”); displaying information on a second display unit of the personal computing apparatus based on processing by a second system, wherein the second system comprises the second display unit and is configured to execute processing by a second OS; and executing, in parallel, processing by both the first system and the second system. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
processing by a first system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the first OS; processing by a second system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the second OS; and communicating between the first system chip and the second system chip, wherein the first system chip and the second system chip are connected through a serial bus interface. | A computing apparatus is provided to improve information sharing between multiple operating systems of the same system, that operate in parallel. The computing apparatus includes a first system having a first display unit and configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”), and configured to display, on the first display unit, display information based on the processing by the first OS. The computing apparatus also includes a second system having a second display unit and configured to execute processing by a second OS, and configured to display, on the second display unit, display information based on the processing by the second OS.1. A computing apparatus comprising:
a first system having a first display unit and configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”), and configured to display, on the first display unit, display information based on the processing by the first OS; a second system having a second display unit and configured to execute processing by a second OS, and configured to display, on the second display unit, display information based on the processing by the second OS; and wherein both the first system and the second system execute processing in parallel. 2. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first system includes a first system chip configured to execute the processing by the first OS, the second system includes a second system chip configured to execute the processing by the second OS, and the first system chip and the second system chip are connected through a serial bus interface to perform information communication between the first system chip and the second system chip through the serial bus interface. 3. The computing apparatus of claim 2, further comprising an embedded control unit configured to operate independently of the first system chip and the second system chip to send input information to the first system chip or the second system chip. 4. The computing apparatus of claim 3, wherein:
the first system includes the embedded control unit; and the embedded control unit switches execution of processing between first input transmission processing for sending the input information to the first system chip through a first serial interface on which the first system chip is set as a master and the embedded control unit is set as a slave, and second input transmission processing for sending the input information to the second system chip through a second serial interface on which the embedded control unit is set as the master and the second system chip is set as the slave. 5. The computing apparatus of claim 4, wherein when an instruction to start or restart the computer is detected, the embedded control unit outputs, to the first system chip, an event to start the first OS, and outputs, to the second system chip, an event to start the second OS. 6. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first system and the second system share predetermined shared information. 7. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the first system includes a first communication unit operably coupled to a network through wireless communication; and the second system includes a second communication unit operably coupled to the network through wireless communication. 8. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first OS and the second OS are different operating systems. 9. The computing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first OS and the second OS are instances of the same operating system. 10. A program product comprising a computer readable storage medium that stores code executable by a processor, the executable code comprising code to:
display information on a first display unit of a personal computing apparatus based on processing by a first system, wherein the first system comprises the first display unit and is configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”); display information on a second display unit of the personal computing apparatus based on processing by a second system, wherein the second system comprises the second display unit and is configured to execute processing by a second OS; and execute, in parallel, processing by both the first system and the second system. 11. The program product of claim 10, further comprising code to:
execute processing by a first system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the first OS; execute processing by a second system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the second OS; and perform information communication between the first system chip and the second system chip, wherein the first system chip and the second system chip are connected through a serial bus interface. 12. The program product of claim 11, further comprising code to operate independently of the first system chip and the second system chip by an embedded control unit to send input information to the first system chip or the second system chip. 13. The program product of claim 12, wherein:
the first system includes the embedded control unit; and further comprising code to switch execution, by the embedded control unit, of processing between first input transmission processing for sending the input information to the first system chip through a first serial interface on which the first system chip is set as a master and the embedded control unit is set as a slave, and second input transmission processing for sending the input information to the second system chip through a second serial interface on which the embedded control unit is set as the master and the second system chip is set as the slave. 14. The program product of claim 13, further comprising code to detect a request to start or restart a personal computing device and, in response, output to the first system chip, an event to start the first OS, and outputs, to the second system chip, an event to start the second OS. 15. The program product of claim 10, further comprising code to share, between the first system and the second system, predetermined shared information. 16. The program product of claim 10, further comprising code to:
communicate wirelessly, by a first communication unit of the first system, with a network; and communicate wirelessly, by a second communication unit of the second system, with the network. 17. The program product of claim 10, wherein the first OS and the second OS are different operating systems. 18. The program product of claim 10, wherein the first OS and the second OS are instances of the same operating system. 19. A method comprising:
displaying information on a first display unit of a personal computing apparatus based on processing by a first system, wherein the first system comprises the first display unit and is configured to execute processing by a first operating system (“OS”); displaying information on a second display unit of the personal computing apparatus based on processing by a second system, wherein the second system comprises the second display unit and is configured to execute processing by a second OS; and executing, in parallel, processing by both the first system and the second system. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
processing by a first system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the first OS; processing by a second system chip, wherein the first system chip is configured to execute the processing by the second OS; and communicating between the first system chip and the second system chip, wherein the first system chip and the second system chip are connected through a serial bus interface. | 2,800 |
339,867 | 16,800,837 | 2,853 | Caching runtime plan data that is determined not to change for different invocations of a query plan. In some embodiments, a computing system accesses information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query and generates a first runtime plan for the first database query based on the query plan. In some embodiments, the system caches information generated for the first runtime plan that is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan. For example, transformation code may include separate functions for mutable and immutable state. In some embodiments, the system retrieves and uses the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. Disclosed techniques may improve performance of query plan transformations that hit in the runtime plan cache. | 1. A method, comprising:
accessing, by a computing system, information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query; generating, by the computing system based on the query plan, a first runtime plan for the first database query, wherein the query plan and the first runtime plan have corresponding tree structures and nodes in the query plan tree specify respective query actions; linearizing the tree structure of the first runtime plan for caching, including:
storing nodes of the first runtime plan at memory offsets according to a traversal of its tree structure; and
generating metadata that indicates relative memory locations of multiple data elements associated with a node of the tree structure;
caching, by the computing system, linearized information generated for the first runtime plan, wherein the cached information is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan; and retrieving and using, by the computing system, the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cached information includes one or more of:
a description of a tuple schema; a join method; a join order; one or more predicates; or one or more expressions. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating includes acquiring a lock and allocating working memory and wherein results of the acquiring and allocating are not cached because they are allowed to differ for different invocations of the query plan. 4.-6. (canceled) 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the retrieving the cached information includes converting relative addresses in the metadata to pointers. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the retrieving is performing in response to a cache hit that is detected based on a hash of the second database query and database context information. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing one or more transformation operations to generate runtime state information for the second runtime plan that are allowed to differ for different invocations of the query plan. 10. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon that are executable by a computing device to perform operations comprising:
accessing information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query; generating, based on the query plan, a first runtime plan for the first database query, wherein the query plan and the first runtime plan have corresponding tree structures and nodes in the query plan tree specify respective query actions; linearizing the tree structure of the first runtime plan for caching, including:
storing nodes of the first runtime plan at memory offsets according to a traversal of its tree structure; and
generating metadata that indicates relative memory locations of multiple data elements associated with a node of the tree structure;
caching linearized information generated for the first runtime plan, wherein the cached information is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan; and retrieving and using the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. 11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the cached information includes one or more of:
a description of a tuple schema; a join method; a join order; one or more predicates; or one or more expressions. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the generating includes acquiring a lock and allocating working memory and wherein results of the acquiring and allocating are not cached because they are allowed to differ for different invocations of the query plan. 13.-15. (canceled) 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the retrieving is performing in response to a cache hit that is detected based on a hash of the second database query and database context information. 17. A system, comprising:
one or more processors configured to:
access information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query;
generate, based on the query plan, a first runtime plan for the first database query, wherein the query plan and the first runtime plan have corresponding tree structures and nodes in the query plan tree specify respective query actions;
linearize the tree structure of the first runtime plan for caching, including to:
store nodes of the first runtime plan at memory offsets according to a traversal of its tree structure; and
generate metadata that indicates relative memory locations of multiple data elements associated with a node of the tree structure;
cache linearized information generated for the first runtime plan, wherein the cached information is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan; and
retrieve and using the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the cached information includes one or more of:
a description of a tuple schema; a join method; a join order; one or more predicates; or one or more expressions. 19. (canceled) 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are configured to retrieve the cached information in response to a cache hit that is detected based on a hash of the second database query and database context information. | Caching runtime plan data that is determined not to change for different invocations of a query plan. In some embodiments, a computing system accesses information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query and generates a first runtime plan for the first database query based on the query plan. In some embodiments, the system caches information generated for the first runtime plan that is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan. For example, transformation code may include separate functions for mutable and immutable state. In some embodiments, the system retrieves and uses the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. Disclosed techniques may improve performance of query plan transformations that hit in the runtime plan cache.1. A method, comprising:
accessing, by a computing system, information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query; generating, by the computing system based on the query plan, a first runtime plan for the first database query, wherein the query plan and the first runtime plan have corresponding tree structures and nodes in the query plan tree specify respective query actions; linearizing the tree structure of the first runtime plan for caching, including:
storing nodes of the first runtime plan at memory offsets according to a traversal of its tree structure; and
generating metadata that indicates relative memory locations of multiple data elements associated with a node of the tree structure;
caching, by the computing system, linearized information generated for the first runtime plan, wherein the cached information is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan; and retrieving and using, by the computing system, the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cached information includes one or more of:
a description of a tuple schema; a join method; a join order; one or more predicates; or one or more expressions. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating includes acquiring a lock and allocating working memory and wherein results of the acquiring and allocating are not cached because they are allowed to differ for different invocations of the query plan. 4.-6. (canceled) 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the retrieving the cached information includes converting relative addresses in the metadata to pointers. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the retrieving is performing in response to a cache hit that is detected based on a hash of the second database query and database context information. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
performing one or more transformation operations to generate runtime state information for the second runtime plan that are allowed to differ for different invocations of the query plan. 10. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon that are executable by a computing device to perform operations comprising:
accessing information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query; generating, based on the query plan, a first runtime plan for the first database query, wherein the query plan and the first runtime plan have corresponding tree structures and nodes in the query plan tree specify respective query actions; linearizing the tree structure of the first runtime plan for caching, including:
storing nodes of the first runtime plan at memory offsets according to a traversal of its tree structure; and
generating metadata that indicates relative memory locations of multiple data elements associated with a node of the tree structure;
caching linearized information generated for the first runtime plan, wherein the cached information is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan; and retrieving and using the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. 11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the cached information includes one or more of:
a description of a tuple schema; a join method; a join order; one or more predicates; or one or more expressions. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the generating includes acquiring a lock and allocating working memory and wherein results of the acquiring and allocating are not cached because they are allowed to differ for different invocations of the query plan. 13.-15. (canceled) 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the retrieving is performing in response to a cache hit that is detected based on a hash of the second database query and database context information. 17. A system, comprising:
one or more processors configured to:
access information that specifies a query plan generated for a first database query;
generate, based on the query plan, a first runtime plan for the first database query, wherein the query plan and the first runtime plan have corresponding tree structures and nodes in the query plan tree specify respective query actions;
linearize the tree structure of the first runtime plan for caching, including to:
store nodes of the first runtime plan at memory offsets according to a traversal of its tree structure; and
generate metadata that indicates relative memory locations of multiple data elements associated with a node of the tree structure;
cache linearized information generated for the first runtime plan, wherein the cached information is determined not to change for different invocations of the query plan; and
retrieve and using the cached information to generate a second runtime plan for a second database query. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the cached information includes one or more of:
a description of a tuple schema; a join method; a join order; one or more predicates; or one or more expressions. 19. (canceled) 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are configured to retrieve the cached information in response to a cache hit that is detected based on a hash of the second database query and database context information. | 2,800 |
339,868 | 16,800,830 | 2,853 | A variable stiffness vibration damping device includes a first support member, a second support member, a main elastic member, a diaphragm, a partition elastic member, a first communication passage, a coil, a yoke, and a magnetic fluid. The first communication passage is provided in one of the first support member and the second support member such that a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the first communication passage. The first communication passage includes a first circumferential passage. The coil is wound coaxially with the one of the first support member and the second support member. The yoke is included in the one of the first support member and the second support member and forms a first magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the first circumferential passage. | 1. A variable stiffness vibration damping device, comprising:
an annular first support member defining an inner hole therein; a second support member including a support portion separated from the first support member with respect to an axial direction; an annular main elastic member connecting the first support member and the support portion of the second support member; a diaphragm closing the inner hole of the first support member such that a liquid chamber is defined between the main elastic member and the diaphragm; a partition elastic member partitioning the liquid chamber into a first liquid chamber on a side of the main elastic member and a second liquid chamber on a side of the diaphragm; a first communication passage provided in one of the first support member and the second support member such that the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the first communication passage, the first communication passage including a first circumferential passage extending in a circumferential direction; at least one coil wound coaxially with and provided in the one of the first support member and the second support member; a yoke included in the one of the first support member and the second support member and configured to form a first magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the first circumferential passage; and a magnetic fluid filling the first liquid chamber, the second liquid chamber, and the first communication passage. 2. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the second support member further includes an axial portion protruding from the support portion toward the first support member and received by the inner hole of the first support member,
the partition elastic member has an annular shape around the axial portion to connect an inner circumferential portion of the first support member and an outer circumferential portion of the axial portion, the partition elastic member is provided with at least one pair of third liquid chambers opposed to each other in a radial direction with the axial portion therebetween and partitioned with each other in the circumferential direction, a second communication passage is provided in the one of the first support member and the second support member such that the at least one pair of third liquid chambers communicate with each other via the second communication passage, and the second communication passage includes a second circumferential passage extending in the circumferential direction, and the yoke is configured to form a second magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the second circumferential passage. 3. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 2, wherein the first circumferential passage is located on an outer circumferential side of the at least one coil, and the second circumferential passage is located on an inner circumferential side of the at least one coil. 4. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 2, wherein the at least one coil includes:
a first coil adjacent to the first circumferential passage; and a second coil adjacent to the second circumferential passage. 5. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 4, wherein the yoke includes:
a first yoke configured to form the first magnetic gap and surrounding the first coil; and a second yoke configured to form the second magnetic gap and surrounding the second coil. 6. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein the first yoke and the second yoke include a portion common to each other, and
the first coil and the second coil are configured to generate magnetic fields in directions opposite to each other. 7. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the partition elastic member is located at least partially in the inner hole of the first support member and extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction. 8. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the yoke includes:
a passage forming member forming the first circumferential passage; and a pair of stacked members stacked in the axial direction with the passage forming member therebetween, and magnetic permeability of the passage forming member is lower than that of the pair of stacked members. | A variable stiffness vibration damping device includes a first support member, a second support member, a main elastic member, a diaphragm, a partition elastic member, a first communication passage, a coil, a yoke, and a magnetic fluid. The first communication passage is provided in one of the first support member and the second support member such that a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the first communication passage. The first communication passage includes a first circumferential passage. The coil is wound coaxially with the one of the first support member and the second support member. The yoke is included in the one of the first support member and the second support member and forms a first magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the first circumferential passage.1. A variable stiffness vibration damping device, comprising:
an annular first support member defining an inner hole therein; a second support member including a support portion separated from the first support member with respect to an axial direction; an annular main elastic member connecting the first support member and the support portion of the second support member; a diaphragm closing the inner hole of the first support member such that a liquid chamber is defined between the main elastic member and the diaphragm; a partition elastic member partitioning the liquid chamber into a first liquid chamber on a side of the main elastic member and a second liquid chamber on a side of the diaphragm; a first communication passage provided in one of the first support member and the second support member such that the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the first communication passage, the first communication passage including a first circumferential passage extending in a circumferential direction; at least one coil wound coaxially with and provided in the one of the first support member and the second support member; a yoke included in the one of the first support member and the second support member and configured to form a first magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the first circumferential passage; and a magnetic fluid filling the first liquid chamber, the second liquid chamber, and the first communication passage. 2. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the second support member further includes an axial portion protruding from the support portion toward the first support member and received by the inner hole of the first support member,
the partition elastic member has an annular shape around the axial portion to connect an inner circumferential portion of the first support member and an outer circumferential portion of the axial portion, the partition elastic member is provided with at least one pair of third liquid chambers opposed to each other in a radial direction with the axial portion therebetween and partitioned with each other in the circumferential direction, a second communication passage is provided in the one of the first support member and the second support member such that the at least one pair of third liquid chambers communicate with each other via the second communication passage, and the second communication passage includes a second circumferential passage extending in the circumferential direction, and the yoke is configured to form a second magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the second circumferential passage. 3. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 2, wherein the first circumferential passage is located on an outer circumferential side of the at least one coil, and the second circumferential passage is located on an inner circumferential side of the at least one coil. 4. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 2, wherein the at least one coil includes:
a first coil adjacent to the first circumferential passage; and a second coil adjacent to the second circumferential passage. 5. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 4, wherein the yoke includes:
a first yoke configured to form the first magnetic gap and surrounding the first coil; and a second yoke configured to form the second magnetic gap and surrounding the second coil. 6. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein the first yoke and the second yoke include a portion common to each other, and
the first coil and the second coil are configured to generate magnetic fields in directions opposite to each other. 7. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the partition elastic member is located at least partially in the inner hole of the first support member and extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction. 8. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the yoke includes:
a passage forming member forming the first circumferential passage; and a pair of stacked members stacked in the axial direction with the passage forming member therebetween, and magnetic permeability of the passage forming member is lower than that of the pair of stacked members. | 2,800 |
339,869 | 16,800,858 | 2,853 | A re-closable tamperproof food box, including first and second main panels connected with a rear panel, the first main panel forming the bottom and the second main panel forming the top. The first main panel has two side panels and a front panel attached. The second main panel has two side panels and a front panel attached. The second main panel is connected along fourth edge to the rear panel connected along a fourth edge of the first main panel. At least one strip of adhesive is disposed on one of the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the first main panel A perforation is disposed along the second main panel, forming a tear strip. A continuous length of material on an interior surface of the second main panel, to tear through the tear strip. | 1. A re-closable tamperproof food box having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: first and second main panels being connected with a rear panel, the first main panel forming the bottom of the food box and the second main panel forming the top of the food box; the first main panel having two opposing side panels attached to first and second edges of the first main panel and a front panel attached to a third edge of the first main panel; the second main panel having two opposing side panels attached to first and second edges of the second main panel and a front panel attached to a third edge of the second main panel; the second main panel being connected along fourth edge to the rear panel connected along a fourth edge of the first main panel; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on one of the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the first main panel; a perforation disposed along the second main panel, coincident with said first, second and third edges of said second main panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of material, comprising one of plastic and string, on an interior surface of the second main panel adjacent to the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the second main panel, extending about at least three sides of the food box and secured to the interior surface directly below the tear strip, to tear through the tear strip. 2. The tamperproof food box of claim 1 wherein, the two side panels and front panel of the first main panel are folded upwardly from the first, second and third edges of the first main panel; and the two side panels and front panel of the second main panel are folded downwardly from the first, second and third edges of the second main panel. 3. The tamperproof food box of claim 2 wherein, at least one strip of adhesive is disposed on the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the first main panel, whereby when the two side panels and front panel of the first main panel are pressed against the side panels and the front panel of the first second main panel, respectively, they are secured together with the strips of adhesive. 4. The tamperproof food box of claim 3 wherein each of the at least one strip of adhesive is covered with a removable strip of non adhesive liner. 5. The tamperproof food box of claim 1 constructed of a single sheet of material. 6. The tamperproof food box of claim 5 formed from a group consisting of corrugated paper material, cardboard, paperboard, and plastic. 7. The tamperproof food box of claim 1 wherein a pull tab is attached to an end of the continuous length of material, for lifting the length of material such that it separates the tear strip. 8. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 1 further comprising a vent. 9. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 8 further comprising a vent in said second main panel. 10. A re-closable tamperproof take-out food container having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: an upper portion forming a top half of the container and a lower portion forming the bottom half of the of the container, being hinged together; an upper panel of the upper portion from which an upper wall extends, the upper wall including a rear upper wall, a front upper wall, and first and second upper side walls which are interconnected; a bottom panel of the lower portion from which a lower wall extends, the lower wall including rear lower wall, a front lower wall, and first and second lower side walls which are interconnected; a hinge located between the rear lower wall attached to the bottom panel and the rear upper wall attached to the top panel for connecting the upper portion and the lower portion, whereby the upper portion folds onto the lower portion; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on one of the first and second lower side walls and the front lower wall; a perforation disposed across a fold joining said front upper wall and said upper panel, said perforation also disposed across folds joining said first and second upper side walls and said upper panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of material, comprising plastic or string, on an interior surface of the upper wall including the front upper wall, and the first and second upper side walls, extending about three sides of the food container and is directly behind the tear strip, to tear through the tear strip wherein said continuous length of material has a width extent substantially less than a width of said tear strip. 11. The re-closable tamperproof take-out food container of claim 10 further comprising a vent. 12. A re-closable tamperproof food box having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: first and second main panels which form the top and bottom of the box; the first main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded upwardly from a bottom panel to form the bottom of the box; the second main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded downwardly from a top panel to form the top of the box; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on the two side panels, the front panel and the rear panel of the bottom of the box whereby when the two side panels and the front and rear panel of the top of the box are pressed against the side panels, the front panel and rear panel of the bottom of the box, the top of the box is secured to the bottom of the box; a perforation spanning folds between said top panel and said side and front panels of said second main panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of string material on an interior surface of the second main panel adjacent to the two side panels and the front panel of the second main panel, extending about at least three sides of the food box and secured to the interior surface directly below the tear strip, configured to tear through the tear strip. 13. The tamperproof food box of claim 12 wherein each of the at least one strip of adhesive is covered with a removable strip of non adhesive liner. 14. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 12 further comprising a vent in at least two of said second main panel, said two side panels of said second main panel, said rear panel of said second main panel, and said front panel of said second main panel. 15. A re-closable tamperproof food box having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: first and second main panels which form the top and bottom of the box; the first main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded upwardly from a bottom panel to form the bottom of the box; the second main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded against an inner surface of a lid panel and then folded downwardly to form the top of the box; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on an inner surface of the two side panels, the front panel and the rear panel of the top of the box whereby when the two side panels and the front and rear panel of the top of the box are pressed against the side panels, the front panel and rear panel of the bottom of the box, the top of the box is secured to the bottom of the box; a perforation disposed along the second main panel, disposed against the two side panels, and disposed against the front panel of the second main panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of material, comprising plastic or string, on an interior surface of the second main panel adjacent to the two side panels and the front panel of the second main panel, extending about at least three sides of the food box and secured to the interior surface directly below the tear strip, to tear through the tear strip, wherein said continuous length of material is configured to apply a force sufficient to tear through the tear strip. 16. The tamperproof food box of claim 15 wherein each of the at least one strip of adhesive is covered with a removable strip of non adhesive liner to prevent each of the at least one strip of adhesive from sticking onto the inner surface of the lid panel. 17. The tamperproof food box of claim 15 further including providing a non-stick surface on the inner surface of the lid panel to prevent each of the at least one strip of adhesive from sticking onto the inner surface of the lid panel. 18. The tamperproof food box of claim 15 wherein a pull tab is attached to an end of the continuous length of material, for lifting the length of material such that it separates the tear strip. 19. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 15 further comprising a vent. 20. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 19 further comprising a vent in at least one of said side panels. | A re-closable tamperproof food box, including first and second main panels connected with a rear panel, the first main panel forming the bottom and the second main panel forming the top. The first main panel has two side panels and a front panel attached. The second main panel has two side panels and a front panel attached. The second main panel is connected along fourth edge to the rear panel connected along a fourth edge of the first main panel. At least one strip of adhesive is disposed on one of the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the first main panel A perforation is disposed along the second main panel, forming a tear strip. A continuous length of material on an interior surface of the second main panel, to tear through the tear strip.1. A re-closable tamperproof food box having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: first and second main panels being connected with a rear panel, the first main panel forming the bottom of the food box and the second main panel forming the top of the food box; the first main panel having two opposing side panels attached to first and second edges of the first main panel and a front panel attached to a third edge of the first main panel; the second main panel having two opposing side panels attached to first and second edges of the second main panel and a front panel attached to a third edge of the second main panel; the second main panel being connected along fourth edge to the rear panel connected along a fourth edge of the first main panel; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on one of the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the first main panel; a perforation disposed along the second main panel, coincident with said first, second and third edges of said second main panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of material, comprising one of plastic and string, on an interior surface of the second main panel adjacent to the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the second main panel, extending about at least three sides of the food box and secured to the interior surface directly below the tear strip, to tear through the tear strip. 2. The tamperproof food box of claim 1 wherein, the two side panels and front panel of the first main panel are folded upwardly from the first, second and third edges of the first main panel; and the two side panels and front panel of the second main panel are folded downwardly from the first, second and third edges of the second main panel. 3. The tamperproof food box of claim 2 wherein, at least one strip of adhesive is disposed on the two opposing side panels and the front panel of the first main panel, whereby when the two side panels and front panel of the first main panel are pressed against the side panels and the front panel of the first second main panel, respectively, they are secured together with the strips of adhesive. 4. The tamperproof food box of claim 3 wherein each of the at least one strip of adhesive is covered with a removable strip of non adhesive liner. 5. The tamperproof food box of claim 1 constructed of a single sheet of material. 6. The tamperproof food box of claim 5 formed from a group consisting of corrugated paper material, cardboard, paperboard, and plastic. 7. The tamperproof food box of claim 1 wherein a pull tab is attached to an end of the continuous length of material, for lifting the length of material such that it separates the tear strip. 8. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 1 further comprising a vent. 9. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 8 further comprising a vent in said second main panel. 10. A re-closable tamperproof take-out food container having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: an upper portion forming a top half of the container and a lower portion forming the bottom half of the of the container, being hinged together; an upper panel of the upper portion from which an upper wall extends, the upper wall including a rear upper wall, a front upper wall, and first and second upper side walls which are interconnected; a bottom panel of the lower portion from which a lower wall extends, the lower wall including rear lower wall, a front lower wall, and first and second lower side walls which are interconnected; a hinge located between the rear lower wall attached to the bottom panel and the rear upper wall attached to the top panel for connecting the upper portion and the lower portion, whereby the upper portion folds onto the lower portion; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on one of the first and second lower side walls and the front lower wall; a perforation disposed across a fold joining said front upper wall and said upper panel, said perforation also disposed across folds joining said first and second upper side walls and said upper panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of material, comprising plastic or string, on an interior surface of the upper wall including the front upper wall, and the first and second upper side walls, extending about three sides of the food container and is directly behind the tear strip, to tear through the tear strip wherein said continuous length of material has a width extent substantially less than a width of said tear strip. 11. The re-closable tamperproof take-out food container of claim 10 further comprising a vent. 12. A re-closable tamperproof food box having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: first and second main panels which form the top and bottom of the box; the first main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded upwardly from a bottom panel to form the bottom of the box; the second main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded downwardly from a top panel to form the top of the box; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on the two side panels, the front panel and the rear panel of the bottom of the box whereby when the two side panels and the front and rear panel of the top of the box are pressed against the side panels, the front panel and rear panel of the bottom of the box, the top of the box is secured to the bottom of the box; a perforation spanning folds between said top panel and said side and front panels of said second main panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of string material on an interior surface of the second main panel adjacent to the two side panels and the front panel of the second main panel, extending about at least three sides of the food box and secured to the interior surface directly below the tear strip, configured to tear through the tear strip. 13. The tamperproof food box of claim 12 wherein each of the at least one strip of adhesive is covered with a removable strip of non adhesive liner. 14. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 12 further comprising a vent in at least two of said second main panel, said two side panels of said second main panel, said rear panel of said second main panel, and said front panel of said second main panel. 15. A re-closable tamperproof food box having a tamper-evident closure, comprising: first and second main panels which form the top and bottom of the box; the first main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded upwardly from a bottom panel to form the bottom of the box; the second main panel including two side panels, and front and rear panels folded against an inner surface of a lid panel and then folded downwardly to form the top of the box; at least one strip of adhesive disposed on an inner surface of the two side panels, the front panel and the rear panel of the top of the box whereby when the two side panels and the front and rear panel of the top of the box are pressed against the side panels, the front panel and rear panel of the bottom of the box, the top of the box is secured to the bottom of the box; a perforation disposed along the second main panel, disposed against the two side panels, and disposed against the front panel of the second main panel, forming a tear strip; and a continuous length of material, comprising plastic or string, on an interior surface of the second main panel adjacent to the two side panels and the front panel of the second main panel, extending about at least three sides of the food box and secured to the interior surface directly below the tear strip, to tear through the tear strip, wherein said continuous length of material is configured to apply a force sufficient to tear through the tear strip. 16. The tamperproof food box of claim 15 wherein each of the at least one strip of adhesive is covered with a removable strip of non adhesive liner to prevent each of the at least one strip of adhesive from sticking onto the inner surface of the lid panel. 17. The tamperproof food box of claim 15 further including providing a non-stick surface on the inner surface of the lid panel to prevent each of the at least one strip of adhesive from sticking onto the inner surface of the lid panel. 18. The tamperproof food box of claim 15 wherein a pull tab is attached to an end of the continuous length of material, for lifting the length of material such that it separates the tear strip. 19. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 15 further comprising a vent. 20. The re-closable tamperproof food box of claim 19 further comprising a vent in at least one of said side panels. | 2,800 |
339,870 | 16,800,834 | 2,853 | A device includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a contact. The first transistor includes a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains. The second transistor includes a third source/drain, a fourth source/drain, and a second gate between the third and fourth source/drains. The contact covers the first source/drain of the first transistor and the third source/drain of the third transistor. The first contact is electrically connected to the first source/drain of the first transistor and electrically isolated from the third source/drain of the third transistor. | 1. A device comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains; a second transistor comprising a third source/drain, a fourth source/drain, and a second gate between the third and fourth source/drains; and a contact covering the first source/drain of the first transistor and the third source/drain of the second transistor, wherein the contact is electrically connected to the first source/drain of the first transistor and electrically isolated from the third source/drain of the second transistor. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein a top surface of the contact is substantially coplanar with a top surface of the first gate of the first transistor. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the first gate of the first transistor is connected to the second gate of the second transistor. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the first transistor is one of a p-type transistor and an n-type transistor, and the second transistor is another of the p-type transistor and the n-type transistor. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the contact is further electrically connected to the first gate of the first transistor. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the contact is further electrically connected to the fourth source/drain of the second transistor. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the contact is electrically isolated from the second transistor. 8. A device comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains; a second transistor comprising the second source/drain, a third source/drain, and a second gate between the second and third source/drains; a third transistor comprising a fourth source/drain, a fifth source/drain, and a third gate between the fourth and fifth source/drains; an isolation layer covering the second source/drain of the first and second transistors; and a contact over and in contact with the fifth source/drain of the third transistor and the isolation layer. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the first transistor is one of a p-type transistor and an n-type transistor, and the third transistor is another of the p-type transistor and the n-type transistor. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein the first transistor and the second transistor have the same conductivity type. 11. The device of claim 8, further comprising:
a conductive trace over the first transistor and the second transistor; and a first via electrically connected to the conductive trace and the contact. 12. The device of claim 11, further comprising a second via electrically connected to the conductive trace and the third source/drain of the second transistor. 13. The device of claim 11, further comprising a second via electrically connected to the conductive trace and the second gate of the second transistor. 14. The device of claim 11, wherein the conductive trace overlaps with the first source/drain of the first transistor in a top view. 15. The device of claim 11, wherein the conductive trace is offset from the fifth source/drain of the third transistor in a top view. 16. The device of claim 8, wherein the first gate of the first transistor and the second gate of the second transistor are on opposite sides of the contact. 17-20. (canceled) 21. A device comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains; a second transistor comprising a third source/drain, the second source/drain, and a second gate between the first and second source/drains; an isolation layer covering the third source/drain of the second transistor; a contact over and in contact with the isolation layer; and a first conductive line electrically connected to the contact and the first gate of the first transistor. 22. The device of claim 21, wherein the second gate of the second transistor is between the contact and the first gate of the first transistor. 23. The device of claim 21, wherein an extension direction of the first conductive line is substantially perpendicular to an extension direction of the contact. 24. The device of claim 21, further comprising a second conductive line electrically connected to the second gate of the second transistor and across the contact. | A device includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a contact. The first transistor includes a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains. The second transistor includes a third source/drain, a fourth source/drain, and a second gate between the third and fourth source/drains. The contact covers the first source/drain of the first transistor and the third source/drain of the third transistor. The first contact is electrically connected to the first source/drain of the first transistor and electrically isolated from the third source/drain of the third transistor.1. A device comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains; a second transistor comprising a third source/drain, a fourth source/drain, and a second gate between the third and fourth source/drains; and a contact covering the first source/drain of the first transistor and the third source/drain of the second transistor, wherein the contact is electrically connected to the first source/drain of the first transistor and electrically isolated from the third source/drain of the second transistor. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein a top surface of the contact is substantially coplanar with a top surface of the first gate of the first transistor. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the first gate of the first transistor is connected to the second gate of the second transistor. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the first transistor is one of a p-type transistor and an n-type transistor, and the second transistor is another of the p-type transistor and the n-type transistor. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the contact is further electrically connected to the first gate of the first transistor. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the contact is further electrically connected to the fourth source/drain of the second transistor. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the contact is electrically isolated from the second transistor. 8. A device comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains; a second transistor comprising the second source/drain, a third source/drain, and a second gate between the second and third source/drains; a third transistor comprising a fourth source/drain, a fifth source/drain, and a third gate between the fourth and fifth source/drains; an isolation layer covering the second source/drain of the first and second transistors; and a contact over and in contact with the fifth source/drain of the third transistor and the isolation layer. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the first transistor is one of a p-type transistor and an n-type transistor, and the third transistor is another of the p-type transistor and the n-type transistor. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein the first transistor and the second transistor have the same conductivity type. 11. The device of claim 8, further comprising:
a conductive trace over the first transistor and the second transistor; and a first via electrically connected to the conductive trace and the contact. 12. The device of claim 11, further comprising a second via electrically connected to the conductive trace and the third source/drain of the second transistor. 13. The device of claim 11, further comprising a second via electrically connected to the conductive trace and the second gate of the second transistor. 14. The device of claim 11, wherein the conductive trace overlaps with the first source/drain of the first transistor in a top view. 15. The device of claim 11, wherein the conductive trace is offset from the fifth source/drain of the third transistor in a top view. 16. The device of claim 8, wherein the first gate of the first transistor and the second gate of the second transistor are on opposite sides of the contact. 17-20. (canceled) 21. A device comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first source/drain, a second source/drain, and a first gate between the first and second source/drains; a second transistor comprising a third source/drain, the second source/drain, and a second gate between the first and second source/drains; an isolation layer covering the third source/drain of the second transistor; a contact over and in contact with the isolation layer; and a first conductive line electrically connected to the contact and the first gate of the first transistor. 22. The device of claim 21, wherein the second gate of the second transistor is between the contact and the first gate of the first transistor. 23. The device of claim 21, wherein an extension direction of the first conductive line is substantially perpendicular to an extension direction of the contact. 24. The device of claim 21, further comprising a second conductive line electrically connected to the second gate of the second transistor and across the contact. | 2,800 |
339,871 | 16,800,862 | 2,853 | A drive system including a bit with a bit end configured to provide targeted frictional engagement with a fastener. The bit end has an outer leading wall tapered with respect to the bit end longitudinal axis at a leading wall angle selected from leading wall angle values ranging within a leading wall angle tolerance band and the fastener has an inner recess wall tapered with respect to the fastener longitudinal axis at a recess wall angle selected from recess wall angle values ranging within a recess wall angle tolerance band, wherein the leading wall angle values within the leading wall angle tolerance band and the recess wall angles values within the recess wall angle tolerance band do not overlap when the outer leading wall contacts the inner pilot recess wall at a targeted focal area to achieve a desired level of frictional engagement between the pilot end and the fastener. | 1. A drive system comprising:
a drive bit including a pilot end having a pilot end surface extending between a drive portion and the pilot end surface, the drive bit including
a pilot end longitudinal axis, and
an outer leading wall that is tapered with respect to the pilot end longitudinal axis to define a leading wall angle selected from a plurality of leading wall angle values ranging within a leading wall angle tolerance band; and
a fastener having
an internal pilot recess that receives the drive bit, the internal pilot recess having a recess longitudinal axis, and
an inner pilot recess wall that is tapered with respect to the recess longitudinal axis to define a recess wall angle selected from a plurality of recess wall angle values ranging within a recess wall angle tolerance band; and
wherein the plurality of leading wall angles within the leading wall angle tolerance band and the plurality of recess wall angles within the recess wall angle tolerance band do not overlap when the outer leading wall contacts the inner pilot recess wall at a targeted focal area to achieve a desired level of frictional engagement between the pilot end and the fastener. 2. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of leading wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum leading wall angle and a minimum leading wall angle; and wherein the plurality of recess wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum recess wall angle and a minimum recess wall angle, wherein there is no overlap of the plurality of leading wall angle values within the leading wall angle tolerance band with the plurality of recess wall angle values within the recess wall angle tolerance band when the minimum leading wall angle is greater than but not equal the maximum recess wall angle. 3. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of leading wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum leading wall angle and a minimum leading wall angle; and wherein the plurality of recess wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum recess wall angle and a minimum recess wall angle, wherein there is no overlap of the plurality of leading wall angles values within the leading wall angle tolerance band with the plurality of recess wall angle values within the recess wall angle tolerance band when the minimum recess wall angle is less than but not equal to the maximum leading wall angle. 4. The drive system of claim 1, further comprising
wherein the plurality of leading wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum leading wall angle and a minimum leading wall angle; and wherein the plurality of recess wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum recess wall angle and a minimum recess wall angle, wherein there is no overlap of the plurality of leading wall angles values within the leading wall angle tolerance band with the plurality of recess wall angle values within the recess wall angle tolerance band when the minimum recess wall angle equals the maximum leading wall angle. 5. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the leading wall angle is greater than the recess wall angle. 6. The drive system of claim 5, wherein a minimum leading wall angle is 0.13 percent greater than the maximum recess wall angle and the maximum leading wall angle is 38 percent greater than a minimum recess wall angle. 7. The drive system of claim 5, wherein the pilot end further comprises:
an apex defined by a maximum diameter of the pilot end, wherein the apex contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the targeted focal area defining at least one point of contact between apex and the inner pilot recess wall. 8. The drive system of claim 7, wherein fastener recess further comprises:
at least one flat integrally formed with the inner pilot recess wall, wherein the apex contacts the at least one flat at the at least one point of contact. 9. The drive system of claim 8, wherein the inner pilot recess wall is conical and comprises a round cross-section, and wherein the apex contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the at least one point of contact to form a circumferential line of contact between the outer leading wall and the inner pilot recess wall. 10. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the pilot end further comprises:
an apex having an apex radius, wherein the targeted focal area is where a tangent of the apex radius longitudinally below the apex toward the pilot end surface contacts the inner pilot recess wall. 11. The drive system of claim 10, wherein pilot end further comprises:
a back trailing wall that extends from the apex longitudinally upward towards the drive portion at a back taper angle to form a back taper, wherein the back taper angle is greater than the leading wall angle and is greater than the recess wall angle, and wherein back taper angle prevents the outer leading wall from contacting the inner pilot recess wall at another point other than at the targeted focal area. 12. The drive system of claim 10, wherein fastener recess further comprises:
at least one flat integrally formed with the inner pilot recess wall, wherein the tangent of the apex radius contacts the at least one flat at the at least one point of contact. 13. The drive system of claim 10, wherein the inner pilot recess wall comprises a round circular cross-section, and
wherein the apex radius contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the at least one point of contact to form a circumferential line of contact between the outer leading wall and the inner pilot recess wall. 14. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the pilot end further comprises:
a bit end radius extending between the pilot end surface and a lower portion of the outer leading wall, wherein the targeted focal area is at a tangent of the bit end radius longitudinally above and away from the pilot end surface when the bit end radius contacts the inner pilot recess wall. 15. The drive system of claim 14, wherein fastener recess further comprises:
at least one flat integrally formed with the inner pilot recess wall, wherein the tangent of the bit end radius contacts the at least one flat at the at least one point of contact. 16. The drive system of claim 14, wherein the inner pilot recess wall is conical and comprises a round circular cross section, and wherein the bit end radius contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the at least one point of contact to form a circumferential line of contact between the outer leading wall and the inner pilot recess wall. 17. The drive system of claim 14, wherein the recess wall angle is greater than the leading wall angle. 18. The drive system of claim 17, wherein a minimum recess wall angle is 0.14 percent greater than a maximum leading wall angle and a maximum recess wall angle is 35 percent greater than a minimum leading wall angle. 19. The drive system of claim 14, wherein the recess wall angle is equal to the leading wall angle. 20. The drive system of claim 19, wherein a minimum recess wall angle is equal to a maximum leading wall angle and the maximum recess wall angle is 32 percent greater than a minimum leading wall angle. | A drive system including a bit with a bit end configured to provide targeted frictional engagement with a fastener. The bit end has an outer leading wall tapered with respect to the bit end longitudinal axis at a leading wall angle selected from leading wall angle values ranging within a leading wall angle tolerance band and the fastener has an inner recess wall tapered with respect to the fastener longitudinal axis at a recess wall angle selected from recess wall angle values ranging within a recess wall angle tolerance band, wherein the leading wall angle values within the leading wall angle tolerance band and the recess wall angles values within the recess wall angle tolerance band do not overlap when the outer leading wall contacts the inner pilot recess wall at a targeted focal area to achieve a desired level of frictional engagement between the pilot end and the fastener.1. A drive system comprising:
a drive bit including a pilot end having a pilot end surface extending between a drive portion and the pilot end surface, the drive bit including
a pilot end longitudinal axis, and
an outer leading wall that is tapered with respect to the pilot end longitudinal axis to define a leading wall angle selected from a plurality of leading wall angle values ranging within a leading wall angle tolerance band; and
a fastener having
an internal pilot recess that receives the drive bit, the internal pilot recess having a recess longitudinal axis, and
an inner pilot recess wall that is tapered with respect to the recess longitudinal axis to define a recess wall angle selected from a plurality of recess wall angle values ranging within a recess wall angle tolerance band; and
wherein the plurality of leading wall angles within the leading wall angle tolerance band and the plurality of recess wall angles within the recess wall angle tolerance band do not overlap when the outer leading wall contacts the inner pilot recess wall at a targeted focal area to achieve a desired level of frictional engagement between the pilot end and the fastener. 2. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of leading wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum leading wall angle and a minimum leading wall angle; and wherein the plurality of recess wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum recess wall angle and a minimum recess wall angle, wherein there is no overlap of the plurality of leading wall angle values within the leading wall angle tolerance band with the plurality of recess wall angle values within the recess wall angle tolerance band when the minimum leading wall angle is greater than but not equal the maximum recess wall angle. 3. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of leading wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum leading wall angle and a minimum leading wall angle; and wherein the plurality of recess wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum recess wall angle and a minimum recess wall angle, wherein there is no overlap of the plurality of leading wall angles values within the leading wall angle tolerance band with the plurality of recess wall angle values within the recess wall angle tolerance band when the minimum recess wall angle is less than but not equal to the maximum leading wall angle. 4. The drive system of claim 1, further comprising
wherein the plurality of leading wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum leading wall angle and a minimum leading wall angle; and wherein the plurality of recess wall angle values are equal to or are between a maximum recess wall angle and a minimum recess wall angle, wherein there is no overlap of the plurality of leading wall angles values within the leading wall angle tolerance band with the plurality of recess wall angle values within the recess wall angle tolerance band when the minimum recess wall angle equals the maximum leading wall angle. 5. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the leading wall angle is greater than the recess wall angle. 6. The drive system of claim 5, wherein a minimum leading wall angle is 0.13 percent greater than the maximum recess wall angle and the maximum leading wall angle is 38 percent greater than a minimum recess wall angle. 7. The drive system of claim 5, wherein the pilot end further comprises:
an apex defined by a maximum diameter of the pilot end, wherein the apex contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the targeted focal area defining at least one point of contact between apex and the inner pilot recess wall. 8. The drive system of claim 7, wherein fastener recess further comprises:
at least one flat integrally formed with the inner pilot recess wall, wherein the apex contacts the at least one flat at the at least one point of contact. 9. The drive system of claim 8, wherein the inner pilot recess wall is conical and comprises a round cross-section, and wherein the apex contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the at least one point of contact to form a circumferential line of contact between the outer leading wall and the inner pilot recess wall. 10. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the pilot end further comprises:
an apex having an apex radius, wherein the targeted focal area is where a tangent of the apex radius longitudinally below the apex toward the pilot end surface contacts the inner pilot recess wall. 11. The drive system of claim 10, wherein pilot end further comprises:
a back trailing wall that extends from the apex longitudinally upward towards the drive portion at a back taper angle to form a back taper, wherein the back taper angle is greater than the leading wall angle and is greater than the recess wall angle, and wherein back taper angle prevents the outer leading wall from contacting the inner pilot recess wall at another point other than at the targeted focal area. 12. The drive system of claim 10, wherein fastener recess further comprises:
at least one flat integrally formed with the inner pilot recess wall, wherein the tangent of the apex radius contacts the at least one flat at the at least one point of contact. 13. The drive system of claim 10, wherein the inner pilot recess wall comprises a round circular cross-section, and
wherein the apex radius contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the at least one point of contact to form a circumferential line of contact between the outer leading wall and the inner pilot recess wall. 14. The drive system of claim 1, wherein the pilot end further comprises:
a bit end radius extending between the pilot end surface and a lower portion of the outer leading wall, wherein the targeted focal area is at a tangent of the bit end radius longitudinally above and away from the pilot end surface when the bit end radius contacts the inner pilot recess wall. 15. The drive system of claim 14, wherein fastener recess further comprises:
at least one flat integrally formed with the inner pilot recess wall, wherein the tangent of the bit end radius contacts the at least one flat at the at least one point of contact. 16. The drive system of claim 14, wherein the inner pilot recess wall is conical and comprises a round circular cross section, and wherein the bit end radius contacts the inner pilot recess wall at the at least one point of contact to form a circumferential line of contact between the outer leading wall and the inner pilot recess wall. 17. The drive system of claim 14, wherein the recess wall angle is greater than the leading wall angle. 18. The drive system of claim 17, wherein a minimum recess wall angle is 0.14 percent greater than a maximum leading wall angle and a maximum recess wall angle is 35 percent greater than a minimum leading wall angle. 19. The drive system of claim 14, wherein the recess wall angle is equal to the leading wall angle. 20. The drive system of claim 19, wherein a minimum recess wall angle is equal to a maximum leading wall angle and the maximum recess wall angle is 32 percent greater than a minimum leading wall angle. | 2,800 |
339,872 | 16,800,848 | 2,853 | A jointed rod assembly for use in a spinal fixation construct involves a caudal rod portion connectable to an adjustment mechanism, and a cranial rod portion connectable to the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is configured to rotate the caudal and cranial rod portions relative to one another about a joint axis that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the caudal and cranial rod portions. The caudal and cranial rod portions may be dimensioned to be compatible with other pieces of hardware commonly used for spinal fixation, such as bone anchors (e.g., pedicle screws), occipital plates, reducers, and others. The caudal and cranial rod portions are composed of a strong, rigid, non-absorbable, biocompatible material. The jointed rod assembly may be advantageously used in spinal fixation systems and methods of spinal fixation. | 1. A spinal fixation system of a subject, the system comprising:
a spinal rod assembly comprising a caudal rod portion, a cranial rod portion, and an adjustment mechanism connected to the caudal rod portion and the cranial rod portion, the adjustment mechanism comprising a rotatable magnet configured to rotate the caudal portion relative to the cranial rod portion about a joint axis in response to a rotating magnetic field; a bone anchor connected to the caudal rod portion of the spinal rod assembly; and a fixing plate connected to the cranial rod portion of the spinal rod assembly. 2. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originates from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 3. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the caudal rod portion is fixedly seated in a rod housing of the bone anchor, and the cranial rod portion is fastened to the rod receiver of the fixing plate. 4. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the fixing plate is configured to be fixed to an occipital bone. 5. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism is at an inferior end of the cranial portion and a superior end of the caudal portion. 6. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, further comprising:
a second spinal rod assembly comprising a second caudal rod portion, a second cranial rod portion, and a second adjustment mechanism connected to the second caudal rod portion and the second cranial rod portion, the second adjustment mechanism comprising a second rotating magnet configured to rotate the second caudal portion relative to the second cranial rod portion about a second joint axis in response to a second rotating magnetic field; a second bone anchor connected to the second caudal rod portion of the second spinal rod assembly; and a second fixing plate connected to the second cranial rod portion of the second spinal rod assembly. 7. The spinal fixation system of claim 5, comprising:
a crossbar, said crossbar dimensioned to fit between two spinous processes of two adjacent vertebrae, the cross bar comprising:
a first rod connector at a first end configured to connect the crossbar to the caudal rod portion of the spinal rod assembly, and
a second rod connector at a second end configured to connect the crossbar to the second caudal rod portion of the second spinal rod assembly. 8. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originate from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 9. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the joint axis is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the caudal rod portion, the cranial rod portion, or both. 10. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprise a magnetic immobilization plate configured to cause the rotatable magnet to immobilize in absence of the rotating magnetic fields. 11. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the rotating magnetic fields are above a pre-determined threshold. 12. A spinal fixation system of a subject, the system comprising:
a spinal rod assembly comprising a caudal rod portion, a cranial rod portion, and an adjustment mechanism connected to the caudal rod portion and the cranial rod portion, the adjustment mechanism comprising a rotatable magnet configured to rotate the caudal portion relative to the cranial rod portion about a joint axis in response to a rotating magnetic field, wherein the rotatable magnet rotates about a longitudinal axis of the caudal rod portion or the cranial rod portion; a bone anchor connected to the caudal rod portion of the spinal rod assembly; and a fixing plate connected to the cranial rod portion of the spinal rod assembly. 13. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originates from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 14. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the fixing plate is configured to be fixed to an occipital bone. 15. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the adjustment mechanism is at an inferior end of the cranial portion and a superior end of the caudal portion. 16. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originate from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 17. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the joint axis is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the caudal rod portion, the cranial rod portion, or both. 18. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the adjustment mechanism apart from the first magnet only comprises one or more non-magnetic or weakly magnetic materials. 19. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the spinal rod assembly, bone anchor, and occipital plate are at least partially composed of a non-absorbable biocompatible material. 20. The spinal fixation system of claim 19, wherein the non-absorbable biocompatible material are selected from the group consisting of: titanium, alloys of titanium, steel, stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, zirconium oxide, and polypropylene. | A jointed rod assembly for use in a spinal fixation construct involves a caudal rod portion connectable to an adjustment mechanism, and a cranial rod portion connectable to the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is configured to rotate the caudal and cranial rod portions relative to one another about a joint axis that is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the caudal and cranial rod portions. The caudal and cranial rod portions may be dimensioned to be compatible with other pieces of hardware commonly used for spinal fixation, such as bone anchors (e.g., pedicle screws), occipital plates, reducers, and others. The caudal and cranial rod portions are composed of a strong, rigid, non-absorbable, biocompatible material. The jointed rod assembly may be advantageously used in spinal fixation systems and methods of spinal fixation.1. A spinal fixation system of a subject, the system comprising:
a spinal rod assembly comprising a caudal rod portion, a cranial rod portion, and an adjustment mechanism connected to the caudal rod portion and the cranial rod portion, the adjustment mechanism comprising a rotatable magnet configured to rotate the caudal portion relative to the cranial rod portion about a joint axis in response to a rotating magnetic field; a bone anchor connected to the caudal rod portion of the spinal rod assembly; and a fixing plate connected to the cranial rod portion of the spinal rod assembly. 2. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originates from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 3. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the caudal rod portion is fixedly seated in a rod housing of the bone anchor, and the cranial rod portion is fastened to the rod receiver of the fixing plate. 4. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the fixing plate is configured to be fixed to an occipital bone. 5. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism is at an inferior end of the cranial portion and a superior end of the caudal portion. 6. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, further comprising:
a second spinal rod assembly comprising a second caudal rod portion, a second cranial rod portion, and a second adjustment mechanism connected to the second caudal rod portion and the second cranial rod portion, the second adjustment mechanism comprising a second rotating magnet configured to rotate the second caudal portion relative to the second cranial rod portion about a second joint axis in response to a second rotating magnetic field; a second bone anchor connected to the second caudal rod portion of the second spinal rod assembly; and a second fixing plate connected to the second cranial rod portion of the second spinal rod assembly. 7. The spinal fixation system of claim 5, comprising:
a crossbar, said crossbar dimensioned to fit between two spinous processes of two adjacent vertebrae, the cross bar comprising:
a first rod connector at a first end configured to connect the crossbar to the caudal rod portion of the spinal rod assembly, and
a second rod connector at a second end configured to connect the crossbar to the second caudal rod portion of the second spinal rod assembly. 8. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originate from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 9. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the joint axis is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the caudal rod portion, the cranial rod portion, or both. 10. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprise a magnetic immobilization plate configured to cause the rotatable magnet to immobilize in absence of the rotating magnetic fields. 11. The spinal fixation system of claim 1, wherein the rotating magnetic fields are above a pre-determined threshold. 12. A spinal fixation system of a subject, the system comprising:
a spinal rod assembly comprising a caudal rod portion, a cranial rod portion, and an adjustment mechanism connected to the caudal rod portion and the cranial rod portion, the adjustment mechanism comprising a rotatable magnet configured to rotate the caudal portion relative to the cranial rod portion about a joint axis in response to a rotating magnetic field, wherein the rotatable magnet rotates about a longitudinal axis of the caudal rod portion or the cranial rod portion; a bone anchor connected to the caudal rod portion of the spinal rod assembly; and a fixing plate connected to the cranial rod portion of the spinal rod assembly. 13. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originates from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 14. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the fixing plate is configured to be fixed to an occipital bone. 15. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the adjustment mechanism is at an inferior end of the cranial portion and a superior end of the caudal portion. 16. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the rotating magnetic fields originate from a rotating magnet external to the subject. 17. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the joint axis is generally perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the caudal rod portion, the cranial rod portion, or both. 18. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the adjustment mechanism apart from the first magnet only comprises one or more non-magnetic or weakly magnetic materials. 19. The spinal fixation system of claim 12, wherein the spinal rod assembly, bone anchor, and occipital plate are at least partially composed of a non-absorbable biocompatible material. 20. The spinal fixation system of claim 19, wherein the non-absorbable biocompatible material are selected from the group consisting of: titanium, alloys of titanium, steel, stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, zirconium oxide, and polypropylene. | 2,800 |
339,873 | 16,800,866 | 2,853 | A method and apparatus for capturing an image of at least one object appearing in a field of view (FOV). A housing has an image sensor an autofocusing lens assembly fixedly mounted relative thereto. The autofocusing lens assembly employs multiple lens groups and a liquid lens. The lens groups, liquid lens, and the image sensor are aligned such that light received within the FOV passes through the lens groups and liquid lens and impinges onto the image sensor. The image sensor generates an electrical signal indicative of the received image. | 1. An optical assembly for wide angle auto-focused imaging of an object of interest, the optical assembly comprising:
a first lens group disposed along an optical axis configured to receive light from the object of interest and configured to correct for spherical aberrations of an image projected after the third lens group onto an imaging sensor; a liquid lens disposed along the optical axis configured to receive the light from the first lens group and further configured to variably focus an image at distances from three inches to infinity; a second lens group disposed along the optical axis configured to receive the light from the liquid lens and further configured to correct for optical aberrations, and to magnify an image projected after the third lens group onto the imaging sensor; a third lens group disposed along the optical axis configured to receive the light from the second lens group and further configured to correct for optical field curvature and distortion of the image projected after the third lens group onto the imaging sensor; and the imaging sensor being disposed along the optical axis at a back focal distance of the third lens group, and configured to receive the image from the third lens group and to generate an electrical signal indicative of the received image. 2. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the imaging sensor is a solid-state imager. 3. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the back focal distance is from 4 to 20 millimeters, inclusively. 4. The optical assembly of claim 1, further comprising an aperture stop disposed along the optical axis between the liquid lens and the second lens group. 5. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the second lens group configured to correct for optical aberrations is configured to correct for at least one of field curvature, astigmatism, coma, spherical aberrations, or chromatic aberrations. 6. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the optical assembly has an effective focal length of approximately 6 millimeters, and an f-number of greater than 4. 7. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the first lens group comprises a plastic aspheric lens disposed along the optical axis. 8. The optical assembly of claim 7, wherein the plastic aspheric lens of the first lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface opposite the first aspheric surface disposed along the optical axis, and wherein the first plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Crown type plastic having a positive optical power. 9. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the liquid lens has an aperture of between 0.7 to 4 millimeters, and a variable optical power from −5 to 15 diopters. 10. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the liquid lens is disposed between an aperture stop and the second lens group. 11. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the second lens group comprises a first plastic aspheric lens, a second plastic aspheric lens, and a third glass lens, the first plastic aspheric lens is disposed along the optical axis between the second plastic aspheric lens and the aperture, and the third glass lens is disposed between the second plastic aspheric lens and the third lens group. 12. The optical assembly of claim 11, wherein the first plastic aspheric lens of the second lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface opposite the first aspheric surface disposed along the optical axis, and wherein the first plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Crown type plastic having a positive optical power, the second plastic substantially aspheric lens of the second lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface along the optical axis, and wherein the second plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Flint type material having a negative optical power, and the third glass lens has a first substantially flat surface along the optical axis and a second spherical surface disposed along the optical axis, and the third glass lens is formed of a Crown type glass having a positive optical power. 13. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the third lens group comprises a first plastic aspheric lens and a second plastic aspheric lens, the first plastic aspheric lens disposed along the optical axis between the second lens group and the second plastic aspheric lens, and the second plastic aspheric lens being disposed along the optical axis between the first plastic aspheric lens and the imaging sensor. 14. The optical assembly of claim 13, wherein the first plastic aspheric lens of the third lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface opposite the first aspheric surface disposed along the optical axis, and wherein the first plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Flint type plastic having a positive optical power, and the second plastic aspheric lens of the first lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis second aspheric surface along the optical axis, and wherein the second plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Flint type material having a negative optical power. 15. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the first lens group comprises two aspheric plastic lens. 16. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the first lens group comprises three aspheric plastic lenses. 17. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the third lens group comprises a single aspheric plastic lens. 18. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the third lens group comprises three aspheric plastic lenses. 19. The optical assembly of claim 1, further comprising a lens holder with a front aperture, the lens holder configured to hold the liquid lens, the second lens group, and the third lens group in position along the optical axis to provide the image to the imaging sensor. 20. The optical assembly of claim 1, further comprising an illumination system configured to illuminate a target for imaging of the target. | A method and apparatus for capturing an image of at least one object appearing in a field of view (FOV). A housing has an image sensor an autofocusing lens assembly fixedly mounted relative thereto. The autofocusing lens assembly employs multiple lens groups and a liquid lens. The lens groups, liquid lens, and the image sensor are aligned such that light received within the FOV passes through the lens groups and liquid lens and impinges onto the image sensor. The image sensor generates an electrical signal indicative of the received image.1. An optical assembly for wide angle auto-focused imaging of an object of interest, the optical assembly comprising:
a first lens group disposed along an optical axis configured to receive light from the object of interest and configured to correct for spherical aberrations of an image projected after the third lens group onto an imaging sensor; a liquid lens disposed along the optical axis configured to receive the light from the first lens group and further configured to variably focus an image at distances from three inches to infinity; a second lens group disposed along the optical axis configured to receive the light from the liquid lens and further configured to correct for optical aberrations, and to magnify an image projected after the third lens group onto the imaging sensor; a third lens group disposed along the optical axis configured to receive the light from the second lens group and further configured to correct for optical field curvature and distortion of the image projected after the third lens group onto the imaging sensor; and the imaging sensor being disposed along the optical axis at a back focal distance of the third lens group, and configured to receive the image from the third lens group and to generate an electrical signal indicative of the received image. 2. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the imaging sensor is a solid-state imager. 3. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the back focal distance is from 4 to 20 millimeters, inclusively. 4. The optical assembly of claim 1, further comprising an aperture stop disposed along the optical axis between the liquid lens and the second lens group. 5. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the second lens group configured to correct for optical aberrations is configured to correct for at least one of field curvature, astigmatism, coma, spherical aberrations, or chromatic aberrations. 6. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the optical assembly has an effective focal length of approximately 6 millimeters, and an f-number of greater than 4. 7. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the first lens group comprises a plastic aspheric lens disposed along the optical axis. 8. The optical assembly of claim 7, wherein the plastic aspheric lens of the first lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface opposite the first aspheric surface disposed along the optical axis, and wherein the first plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Crown type plastic having a positive optical power. 9. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the liquid lens has an aperture of between 0.7 to 4 millimeters, and a variable optical power from −5 to 15 diopters. 10. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the liquid lens is disposed between an aperture stop and the second lens group. 11. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the second lens group comprises a first plastic aspheric lens, a second plastic aspheric lens, and a third glass lens, the first plastic aspheric lens is disposed along the optical axis between the second plastic aspheric lens and the aperture, and the third glass lens is disposed between the second plastic aspheric lens and the third lens group. 12. The optical assembly of claim 11, wherein the first plastic aspheric lens of the second lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface opposite the first aspheric surface disposed along the optical axis, and wherein the first plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Crown type plastic having a positive optical power, the second plastic substantially aspheric lens of the second lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface along the optical axis, and wherein the second plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Flint type material having a negative optical power, and the third glass lens has a first substantially flat surface along the optical axis and a second spherical surface disposed along the optical axis, and the third glass lens is formed of a Crown type glass having a positive optical power. 13. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the third lens group comprises a first plastic aspheric lens and a second plastic aspheric lens, the first plastic aspheric lens disposed along the optical axis between the second lens group and the second plastic aspheric lens, and the second plastic aspheric lens being disposed along the optical axis between the first plastic aspheric lens and the imaging sensor. 14. The optical assembly of claim 13, wherein the first plastic aspheric lens of the third lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis and a second aspheric surface opposite the first aspheric surface disposed along the optical axis, and wherein the first plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Flint type plastic having a positive optical power, and the second plastic aspheric lens of the first lens group has a first aspheric surface along the optical axis second aspheric surface along the optical axis, and wherein the second plastic aspheric lens is formed of a Flint type material having a negative optical power. 15. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the first lens group comprises two aspheric plastic lens. 16. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the first lens group comprises three aspheric plastic lenses. 17. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the third lens group comprises a single aspheric plastic lens. 18. The optical assembly of claim 1, wherein the third lens group comprises three aspheric plastic lenses. 19. The optical assembly of claim 1, further comprising a lens holder with a front aperture, the lens holder configured to hold the liquid lens, the second lens group, and the third lens group in position along the optical axis to provide the image to the imaging sensor. 20. The optical assembly of claim 1, further comprising an illumination system configured to illuminate a target for imaging of the target. | 2,800 |
339,874 | 16,800,763 | 2,853 | Provided are systems, methods, and computer-program products for providing network deceptions using a network tunnel. In various implementations, a network device on a first network can be configured as a projection point. A projection point can be configured as one endpoint of a network tunnel. The other end of the network tunnel can terminate at a deception farm. The deception farm can host a second network, where the second network includes network devices configured as deception mechanisms. By assigning a deception mechanism a network address from the first network, the network address and the network tunnel enable the deception mechanism to appear as a node in the first network. | 1. (canceled) 2. A network device on a first network, the network device comprising:
a processing unit comprising one or more processors; and memory coupled with and readable by the processing unit and storing therein a set of instructions which, when executed by the processing unit, causes the system to perform operations including: configuring a first network tunnel to a first deception farm on a second network different from the first network, wherein the first deception farm is configured to host a first set of deception mechanisms; selecting a first deception mechanism from among the first set of deception mechanisms, wherein the first network tunnel enables the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network; transmitting network traffic over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism; receiving an indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems; configuring a second network tunnel to a second deception farm, wherein the second deception farm is configured to host a second set of deception mechanisms; selecting a second deception mechanism from among the second set of deception mechanisms, wherein the second network tunnel enables the second deception mechanism to appear in the first network; and transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel to the second deception mechanism, wherein transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel is based at least in part on the indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems. 3. The network device of claim 2, wherein a same deception mechanism, with a same network address, can be selected from both the first deception farm and the second deception farm. 4. The network device of claim 2, wherein the first deception farm and the second deception farm do not include any deception mechanisms in common. 5. The network device of claim 2, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by the first network device. 6. The network device of claim 2, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by a second network device on the first network. 7. The network device of claim 2, wherein the first network includes a broadcast domain, and wherein the operations further include:
requesting a network address in the broadcast domain of the first network; and assigning the network address to the first deception mechanism, wherein the network address and the first network tunnel enable the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network as a network neighbor in the broadcast domain. 8. The network device of claim 7, wherein the operations further include:
hiding the first network device from the other network devices in the broadcast domain, wherein hiding the first network device hides the first network tunnel from the other network devices in the broadcast domain. 9. The network device of claim 2, wherein the operations further include:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a network device or service represented by the first deception mechanism; generating a response on behalf of the first deception mechanism; and sending the response on the first network. 10. The network device of claim 2, wherein the operations further include:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a service represented by the first deception mechanism; and enabling a port associated with the service, wherein enabling the port enables the first network device to process the packet and generate an appropriate response. 11. The network device of claim 2, wherein the operations further include:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is initiating an interaction with a network device represented by the first deception mechanism; and sending the packet over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism for the first deception mechanism to respond to the packet. 12. A computer-implemented method, comprising:
configuring, by a first network device on a first network, a first network tunnel to a first deception farm on a second network different from the first network, wherein the first deception farm is configured to host a first set of deception mechanisms; selecting a first deception mechanism from among the first set of deception mechanisms, wherein the first network tunnel enables the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network; transmitting network traffic over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism; receiving an indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems; configuring a second network tunnel to a second deception farm, wherein the second deception farm is configured to host a second set of deception mechanisms; selecting a second deception mechanism from among the second set of deception mechanisms, wherein the second network tunnel enables the second deception mechanism to appear in the first network; and transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel to the second deception mechanism, wherein transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel is based at least in part on the indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein a same deception mechanism, with a same network address, can be selected from both the first deception farm and the second deception farm. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein the first deception farm and the second deception farm do not include any deception mechanisms in common. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by the first network device. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by a second network device on the first network. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein the first network includes a broadcast domain, the method further comprising:
requesting a network address in the broadcast domain of the first network; and assigning the network address to the first deception mechanism, wherein the network address and the first network tunnel enable the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network as a network neighbor in the broadcast domain. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, further comprising:
hiding the first network device from the other network devices in the broadcast domain, wherein hiding the first network device hides the first network tunnel from the other network devices in the broadcast domain. 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a network device or service represented by the first deception mechanism; generating a response on behalf of the first deception mechanism; and
sending the response on the first network. 20. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a service represented by the first deception mechanism; and enabling a port associated with the service, wherein enabling the port enables the first network device to process the packet and generate an appropriate response. 21. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is initiating an interaction with a network device represented by the first deception mechanism; and sending the packet over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism for the first deception mechanism to respond to the packet. | Provided are systems, methods, and computer-program products for providing network deceptions using a network tunnel. In various implementations, a network device on a first network can be configured as a projection point. A projection point can be configured as one endpoint of a network tunnel. The other end of the network tunnel can terminate at a deception farm. The deception farm can host a second network, where the second network includes network devices configured as deception mechanisms. By assigning a deception mechanism a network address from the first network, the network address and the network tunnel enable the deception mechanism to appear as a node in the first network.1. (canceled) 2. A network device on a first network, the network device comprising:
a processing unit comprising one or more processors; and memory coupled with and readable by the processing unit and storing therein a set of instructions which, when executed by the processing unit, causes the system to perform operations including: configuring a first network tunnel to a first deception farm on a second network different from the first network, wherein the first deception farm is configured to host a first set of deception mechanisms; selecting a first deception mechanism from among the first set of deception mechanisms, wherein the first network tunnel enables the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network; transmitting network traffic over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism; receiving an indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems; configuring a second network tunnel to a second deception farm, wherein the second deception farm is configured to host a second set of deception mechanisms; selecting a second deception mechanism from among the second set of deception mechanisms, wherein the second network tunnel enables the second deception mechanism to appear in the first network; and transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel to the second deception mechanism, wherein transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel is based at least in part on the indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems. 3. The network device of claim 2, wherein a same deception mechanism, with a same network address, can be selected from both the first deception farm and the second deception farm. 4. The network device of claim 2, wherein the first deception farm and the second deception farm do not include any deception mechanisms in common. 5. The network device of claim 2, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by the first network device. 6. The network device of claim 2, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by a second network device on the first network. 7. The network device of claim 2, wherein the first network includes a broadcast domain, and wherein the operations further include:
requesting a network address in the broadcast domain of the first network; and assigning the network address to the first deception mechanism, wherein the network address and the first network tunnel enable the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network as a network neighbor in the broadcast domain. 8. The network device of claim 7, wherein the operations further include:
hiding the first network device from the other network devices in the broadcast domain, wherein hiding the first network device hides the first network tunnel from the other network devices in the broadcast domain. 9. The network device of claim 2, wherein the operations further include:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a network device or service represented by the first deception mechanism; generating a response on behalf of the first deception mechanism; and sending the response on the first network. 10. The network device of claim 2, wherein the operations further include:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a service represented by the first deception mechanism; and enabling a port associated with the service, wherein enabling the port enables the first network device to process the packet and generate an appropriate response. 11. The network device of claim 2, wherein the operations further include:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is initiating an interaction with a network device represented by the first deception mechanism; and sending the packet over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism for the first deception mechanism to respond to the packet. 12. A computer-implemented method, comprising:
configuring, by a first network device on a first network, a first network tunnel to a first deception farm on a second network different from the first network, wherein the first deception farm is configured to host a first set of deception mechanisms; selecting a first deception mechanism from among the first set of deception mechanisms, wherein the first network tunnel enables the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network; transmitting network traffic over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism; receiving an indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems; configuring a second network tunnel to a second deception farm, wherein the second deception farm is configured to host a second set of deception mechanisms; selecting a second deception mechanism from among the second set of deception mechanisms, wherein the second network tunnel enables the second deception mechanism to appear in the first network; and transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel to the second deception mechanism, wherein transmitting network traffic over the second network tunnel is based at least in part on the indication that the first deception farm is experiencing one or more technical problems. 13. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein a same deception mechanism, with a same network address, can be selected from both the first deception farm and the second deception farm. 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein the first deception farm and the second deception farm do not include any deception mechanisms in common. 15. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by the first network device. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein configuring the second network tunnel to the second deception farm is performed by a second network device on the first network. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, wherein the first network includes a broadcast domain, the method further comprising:
requesting a network address in the broadcast domain of the first network; and assigning the network address to the first deception mechanism, wherein the network address and the first network tunnel enable the first deception mechanism to appear in the first network as a network neighbor in the broadcast domain. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 17, further comprising:
hiding the first network device from the other network devices in the broadcast domain, wherein hiding the first network device hides the first network tunnel from the other network devices in the broadcast domain. 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a network device or service represented by the first deception mechanism; generating a response on behalf of the first deception mechanism; and
sending the response on the first network. 20. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is a request for information about a service represented by the first deception mechanism; and enabling a port associated with the service, wherein enabling the port enables the first network device to process the packet and generate an appropriate response. 21. The computer-implemented method of claim 12, further comprising:
receiving, by the first network device, a packet from the first network; determining that the packet is initiating an interaction with a network device represented by the first deception mechanism; and sending the packet over the first network tunnel to the first deception mechanism for the first deception mechanism to respond to the packet. | 2,800 |
339,875 | 16,800,835 | 2,853 | A digital-to-analog conversion circuit includes: a decoder that, if set to a first selection state, selects two different reference voltages from a reference voltage group on the basis of a digital data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as first and second selection voltages, and if set to a second selection state, selects two reference voltages from the reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy and outputs the two reference voltages as the first and second selection voltages; and an amplifier circuit that amplifies and outputs a voltage obtained by averaging a combination of the first and second selection voltages with weighting factors set in advance. | 1. A digital-to-analog conversion circuit comprising:
a reference voltage generation circuit configured to generate a reference voltage group including a plurality of reference voltages having respective different voltage values; a decoder configured to receive a digital data signal, select two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said digital data signal, and output the two reference voltages as first and second selection voltages; and an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as an output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage, wherein said decoder receives a control signal for giving an instruction to set the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, selects two different reference voltages from said reference voltage group on a basis of said digital data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages, and if set to said second selection state, selects two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in the manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said digital data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages. 2. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes first to Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) input terminals, receives N selection voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage at said first to Nth input terminals, and outputs a voltage as the output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging the N selection voltages with weighting factors set for said respective first to Nth input terminals and amplifying the average; and said decoder, if set to said first selection state, supplies said first selection voltage to m (m is an integer of 1 or more) of said first to Nth input terminals and supplies said second selection voltage to the remaining (N−m) of said first to Nth input terminals, and if set to said second selection state, supplies said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage to each of said first to Nth input terminals. 3. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein said decoder is set to said first selection state for a first period in each predetermined data period and set to said second selection state for a second period subsequent to said first period on a basis of the control signal. 4. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 2, wherein:
said digital data signal includes t (t is an integer of 2 or more) bits; and said decoder includes
a first sub decoder configured to select two different reference voltages from said reference voltage group on a basis of a first bit group in said digital data signal including said t bits, and output the two reference voltages as two selection voltages, and
a second sub decoder configured to select either one or both of said two selection voltages output from said first sub decoder as said first and second selection voltages on a basis of a second bit group in said digital data signal, and selectively supply either one of the first and second selection voltages to said first to Nth input terminals of said amplifier circuit. 5. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 4, wherein said first bit group is an upper bit group of said t bits, and said second bit group is a lower bit group of said t bits. 6. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 2, wherein a ratio between a sum of the weighting factors set for said m input terminals among said first to Nth input terminals of said amplifier circuit and a sum of the weighting factors set for said (N−m) input terminals is 1:1. 7. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 2, wherein if said decoder is set to said first selection state, said amplifier circuit outputs a voltage ½ of a sum of said first and second selection voltages output from said decoder as said output voltage. 8. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes a differential stage circuit including a plurality of differential pairs of a same conduction type, a current mirror circuit connected to output ends of said plurality of differential pairs in common, and an amplifier stage circuit configured to output said output voltage via an output terminal; said input terminals of said amplifier circuit are constituted by either one of input ends of each of said plurality of differential pairs, and the other input end of each of said plurality of differential pairs is connected to said output terminal in a feedback manner; and said amplifier stage circuit receives at least either one of voltages at a pair of connection nodes between the output ends of said plurality of differential pairs and said current mirror circuit, and generates said output voltage corresponding to said voltage. 9. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein said reference voltage generation circuit includes a ladder resistor configured to generate said plurality of reference voltages. 10. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein said decoder, if set to said first selection state, selects one reference voltage based on said digital data signal and a reference voltage having a voltage value one level higher or lower than that of the one reference voltage from said reference voltage group, and outputs the selected reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages, respectively. 11. A digital-to-analog conversion circuit comprising:
a decoder configured to receive a digital data signal, and output first and second voltages having respective different voltage values or a same voltage value on a basis of said digital data signal; and an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as an output voltage, the voltage obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either one of said first and second voltages, wherein said decoder receives a control signal for giving an instruction to set the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, outputs two voltages having respective different voltage values based on said digital data signal as said first and second voltages, and if set to said second selection state, outputs either one or both of the two voltages having the respective different voltage values based on said digital data signal as said first and second voltages. 12. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 11, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes first to Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) input terminals, receives N selection voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage at said first to Nth input terminals, and outputs a voltage as the output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging the N selection voltages with weighting factors set for said respective first to Nth input terminals and amplifying the average; and said decoder, if set to said first selection state, supplies said first selection voltage to m (m is an integer of 1 or more) of said first to Nth input terminals and supplies said second selection voltage to the remaining (N−m) of said first to Nth input terminals, and if set to said second selection state, supplies said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage to each of said first to Nth input terminals. 13. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 11, wherein said decoder is set to said first selection state for a first period in each predetermined data period and set to said second selection state for a second period subsequent to said first period on a basis of the control signal. 14. A digital-to-analog conversion circuit comprising:
a reference voltage generation circuit configured to generate a reference voltage group including a plurality of reference voltages having respective different voltage values; a decoder that is connected to the reference voltage generation circuit and configured to select and output first and second selection voltages from the reference voltage group on a basis of a digital data signal; and an amplifier circuit that is connected to the decoder and configured to output a plurality of output voltages by averaging a plurality of first voltages with respective weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of first voltages including at least either one of said first and second selection voltages. 15. A data driver comprising a digital-to-analog conversion unit configured to receive a video data signal expressing a brightness level by digital data, convert said video data signal into a driving voltage having a voltage value corresponding in magnitude to said brightness level, and supply the driving voltage to a display device, wherein
the digital-to-analog conversion unit includes:
a reference voltage generation circuit configured to generate a reference voltage group including a plurality of reference voltages having respective different voltage values;
a decoder configured to select two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said video data signal, and output the two reference voltages as first and second selection voltages; and
an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as said driving voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage, and said decoder receives a control signal for setting the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, selects two different reference voltages from said reference voltage group on a basis of said video data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages, and if set to said second selection state, selects two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said video data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages. 16. A data driver comprising a digital-to-analog conversion unit configured to receive a video data signal expressing a brightness level by digital data, convert said video data signal into a driving voltage having a voltage value corresponding in magnitude to said brightness level, and supply the driving voltage to a display device, wherein
the digital-to-analog conversion unit includes:
a decoder configured to output first and second voltages having respective different voltage values or a same voltage value on a basis of said video data signal; and
an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as an output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either one of said first and second voltages, said decoder receives a control signal for giving an instruction to set the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, outputs two voltages having respective different voltage values based on said video data signal as said first and second voltages, and if set to said second selection state, outputs either one or both of the two voltages having the respective different voltage values based on said video data signal as said first and second voltages. 17. The data driver according to claim 15, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes first to Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) input terminals, receives N selection voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage at said first to Nth input terminals, and outputs a voltage as the output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging the N selection voltages with weighting factors set for said respective first to Nth input terminals and amplifying the average; and said decoder, if set to said first selection state, supplies said first selection voltage to m (m is an integer of 1 or more) of said first to Nth input terminals and supplies said second selection voltage to the remaining (N−m) of said first to Nth input terminals, and if set to said second selection state, supplies said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage to each of said first to Nth input terminals. 18. The data driver according to claim 15, wherein said decoder is set to said first selection state for a first period in each predetermined data period and set to said second selection state for a second period subsequent to said first period on a basis of the control signal. | A digital-to-analog conversion circuit includes: a decoder that, if set to a first selection state, selects two different reference voltages from a reference voltage group on the basis of a digital data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as first and second selection voltages, and if set to a second selection state, selects two reference voltages from the reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy and outputs the two reference voltages as the first and second selection voltages; and an amplifier circuit that amplifies and outputs a voltage obtained by averaging a combination of the first and second selection voltages with weighting factors set in advance.1. A digital-to-analog conversion circuit comprising:
a reference voltage generation circuit configured to generate a reference voltage group including a plurality of reference voltages having respective different voltage values; a decoder configured to receive a digital data signal, select two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said digital data signal, and output the two reference voltages as first and second selection voltages; and an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as an output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage, wherein said decoder receives a control signal for giving an instruction to set the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, selects two different reference voltages from said reference voltage group on a basis of said digital data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages, and if set to said second selection state, selects two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in the manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said digital data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages. 2. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes first to Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) input terminals, receives N selection voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage at said first to Nth input terminals, and outputs a voltage as the output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging the N selection voltages with weighting factors set for said respective first to Nth input terminals and amplifying the average; and said decoder, if set to said first selection state, supplies said first selection voltage to m (m is an integer of 1 or more) of said first to Nth input terminals and supplies said second selection voltage to the remaining (N−m) of said first to Nth input terminals, and if set to said second selection state, supplies said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage to each of said first to Nth input terminals. 3. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein said decoder is set to said first selection state for a first period in each predetermined data period and set to said second selection state for a second period subsequent to said first period on a basis of the control signal. 4. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 2, wherein:
said digital data signal includes t (t is an integer of 2 or more) bits; and said decoder includes
a first sub decoder configured to select two different reference voltages from said reference voltage group on a basis of a first bit group in said digital data signal including said t bits, and output the two reference voltages as two selection voltages, and
a second sub decoder configured to select either one or both of said two selection voltages output from said first sub decoder as said first and second selection voltages on a basis of a second bit group in said digital data signal, and selectively supply either one of the first and second selection voltages to said first to Nth input terminals of said amplifier circuit. 5. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 4, wherein said first bit group is an upper bit group of said t bits, and said second bit group is a lower bit group of said t bits. 6. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 2, wherein a ratio between a sum of the weighting factors set for said m input terminals among said first to Nth input terminals of said amplifier circuit and a sum of the weighting factors set for said (N−m) input terminals is 1:1. 7. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 2, wherein if said decoder is set to said first selection state, said amplifier circuit outputs a voltage ½ of a sum of said first and second selection voltages output from said decoder as said output voltage. 8. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes a differential stage circuit including a plurality of differential pairs of a same conduction type, a current mirror circuit connected to output ends of said plurality of differential pairs in common, and an amplifier stage circuit configured to output said output voltage via an output terminal; said input terminals of said amplifier circuit are constituted by either one of input ends of each of said plurality of differential pairs, and the other input end of each of said plurality of differential pairs is connected to said output terminal in a feedback manner; and said amplifier stage circuit receives at least either one of voltages at a pair of connection nodes between the output ends of said plurality of differential pairs and said current mirror circuit, and generates said output voltage corresponding to said voltage. 9. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein said reference voltage generation circuit includes a ladder resistor configured to generate said plurality of reference voltages. 10. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 1, wherein said decoder, if set to said first selection state, selects one reference voltage based on said digital data signal and a reference voltage having a voltage value one level higher or lower than that of the one reference voltage from said reference voltage group, and outputs the selected reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages, respectively. 11. A digital-to-analog conversion circuit comprising:
a decoder configured to receive a digital data signal, and output first and second voltages having respective different voltage values or a same voltage value on a basis of said digital data signal; and an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as an output voltage, the voltage obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either one of said first and second voltages, wherein said decoder receives a control signal for giving an instruction to set the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, outputs two voltages having respective different voltage values based on said digital data signal as said first and second voltages, and if set to said second selection state, outputs either one or both of the two voltages having the respective different voltage values based on said digital data signal as said first and second voltages. 12. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 11, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes first to Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) input terminals, receives N selection voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage at said first to Nth input terminals, and outputs a voltage as the output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging the N selection voltages with weighting factors set for said respective first to Nth input terminals and amplifying the average; and said decoder, if set to said first selection state, supplies said first selection voltage to m (m is an integer of 1 or more) of said first to Nth input terminals and supplies said second selection voltage to the remaining (N−m) of said first to Nth input terminals, and if set to said second selection state, supplies said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage to each of said first to Nth input terminals. 13. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit according to claim 11, wherein said decoder is set to said first selection state for a first period in each predetermined data period and set to said second selection state for a second period subsequent to said first period on a basis of the control signal. 14. A digital-to-analog conversion circuit comprising:
a reference voltage generation circuit configured to generate a reference voltage group including a plurality of reference voltages having respective different voltage values; a decoder that is connected to the reference voltage generation circuit and configured to select and output first and second selection voltages from the reference voltage group on a basis of a digital data signal; and an amplifier circuit that is connected to the decoder and configured to output a plurality of output voltages by averaging a plurality of first voltages with respective weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of first voltages including at least either one of said first and second selection voltages. 15. A data driver comprising a digital-to-analog conversion unit configured to receive a video data signal expressing a brightness level by digital data, convert said video data signal into a driving voltage having a voltage value corresponding in magnitude to said brightness level, and supply the driving voltage to a display device, wherein
the digital-to-analog conversion unit includes:
a reference voltage generation circuit configured to generate a reference voltage group including a plurality of reference voltages having respective different voltage values;
a decoder configured to select two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said video data signal, and output the two reference voltages as first and second selection voltages; and
an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as said driving voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage, and said decoder receives a control signal for setting the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, selects two different reference voltages from said reference voltage group on a basis of said video data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages, and if set to said second selection state, selects two reference voltages from said reference voltage group in a manner allowing redundancy on a basis of said video data signal and outputs the two reference voltages as said first and second selection voltages. 16. A data driver comprising a digital-to-analog conversion unit configured to receive a video data signal expressing a brightness level by digital data, convert said video data signal into a driving voltage having a voltage value corresponding in magnitude to said brightness level, and supply the driving voltage to a display device, wherein
the digital-to-analog conversion unit includes:
a decoder configured to output first and second voltages having respective different voltage values or a same voltage value on a basis of said video data signal; and
an amplifier circuit configured to output a voltage as an output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging a plurality of voltages with weighting factors set in advance and amplifying the average, the plurality of voltages each being either one of said first and second voltages, said decoder receives a control signal for giving an instruction to set the decoder to either a first selection state or a second selection state, and if set to said first selection state, outputs two voltages having respective different voltage values based on said video data signal as said first and second voltages, and if set to said second selection state, outputs either one or both of the two voltages having the respective different voltage values based on said video data signal as said first and second voltages. 17. The data driver according to claim 15, wherein:
said amplifier circuit includes first to Nth (N is an integer of 2 or more) input terminals, receives N selection voltages each being either said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage at said first to Nth input terminals, and outputs a voltage as the output voltage, the voltage being obtained by averaging the N selection voltages with weighting factors set for said respective first to Nth input terminals and amplifying the average; and said decoder, if set to said first selection state, supplies said first selection voltage to m (m is an integer of 1 or more) of said first to Nth input terminals and supplies said second selection voltage to the remaining (N−m) of said first to Nth input terminals, and if set to said second selection state, supplies said first selection voltage or said second selection voltage to each of said first to Nth input terminals. 18. The data driver according to claim 15, wherein said decoder is set to said first selection state for a first period in each predetermined data period and set to said second selection state for a second period subsequent to said first period on a basis of the control signal. | 2,800 |
339,876 | 16,800,850 | 2,853 | A system and method of controlling temperature of a medium by refrigerant vaporization, or working gas condensation, or a combination of both, the system including a container, at least one a working gas reservoir having at least one reservoir section that includes a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, a condensation apparatus to provide regulation of working gas condensation in the reservoir, whereby the working gas reservoir forms a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir section in response to receiving the working gas and to the condensation apparatus regulation of condensation to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective reservoir section. | 1. A system to control a temperature of a medium by working gas condensation, comprising:
a container having an exterior and an interior; at least one working gas reservoir associated with the container, the at least one working gas reservoir having at least one reservoir section configured to hold working gas, each at least one reservoir section having a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide thermal change to the volume of the medium in the container and thereby provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, the volume of medium thermal coverage having an outside boundary; a condensation apparatus to provide regulation of working gas pressure in the at least one working gas reservoir; and wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is configured to form a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir sections in response to receiving working gas and in response to the condensation apparatus regulation of the working gas pressure to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium thermal coverage for the volume of the medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective at least one reservoir section. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one reservoir section comprises a plurality of reservoir sections that each have a respective internal reservoir space that is in fluid communication with at least one other internal reservoir space of an adjacent reservoir section, and the plurality of reservoir sections are arranged in spaced relationship to adjacent reservoir sections with the respective volumes of medium thermal coverage having the respective boundaries of thermal coverage to be at least contiguous. 3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a working gas source in fluid communication with the working gas reservoir and the condensation apparatus, and configured to provide working gas to the working gas reservoir in response to a change in pressure in the working gas reservoir as regulated by the condensation apparatus. 4. The system of claim 2 wherein the plurality of reservoir sections are coupled together in series or in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel arrangements. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein the working gas reservoir comprises a lattice of reservoir sections. 6. The system of claim 2, in which R3 is a radius of the volume of medium thermal coverage that is determined as follows: 7. The system of claim 6 wherein a minimum spacing between a center of adjacent reservoir sections is not less than 8. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is located in the interior of the container. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is located on the exterior of the container. 10. The system of claim 1 comprising a variable speed pump for moving the working gas through the working gas reservoir and condensation apparatus. 11. A method of controlling a temperature of a medium by working gas condensation, the method comprising:
providing an apparatus for controlling the temperature of the medium by condensation of a working gas, the providing including providing:
a container having an exterior and an interior;
at least one working gas associated with the container, at least one working gas reservoir having at least one reservoir section configured to hold working gas, each at least one reservoir section having a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide thermal change to the volume of the medium in the container and thereby provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, the volume of medium thermal coverage having an outside boundary;
a condensation apparatus to provide regulation of working gas pressure in the at least one working gas reservoir; and
wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is configured to form a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir sections in response to receiving working gas and in response to the condensation apparatus regulation of working gas pressure to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium thermal coverage for the volume of the medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective at least one reservoir section;
introducing working gas into the at least one working gas reservoir to partially occupy the at least one reservoir section in the at least one reservoir section; and regulating working gas pressure in the at least one reservoir section to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium thermal coverage for the volume of the medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective at least one reservoir section. 12. A method of controlling temperature in a medium stored in a container, the method comprising:
partitioning the medium into localized thermal volumes; and thermally coupling a working gas to respective localized thermal volumes to control a temperature of the localized thermal volume to maintain the medium at a selected temperature. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein partitioning the medium into localized thermal volumes comprises positioning a working gas reservoir in physical proximity to the container, with at least one working gas reservoir section associated with a respective localized thermal volume. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the thermally coupling comprises regulating working gas pressure in each at least one reservoir section to maintain a temperature of the respective localized thermal volume at the selected temperature of the medium. | A system and method of controlling temperature of a medium by refrigerant vaporization, or working gas condensation, or a combination of both, the system including a container, at least one a working gas reservoir having at least one reservoir section that includes a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, a condensation apparatus to provide regulation of working gas condensation in the reservoir, whereby the working gas reservoir forms a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir section in response to receiving the working gas and to the condensation apparatus regulation of condensation to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective reservoir section.1. A system to control a temperature of a medium by working gas condensation, comprising:
a container having an exterior and an interior; at least one working gas reservoir associated with the container, the at least one working gas reservoir having at least one reservoir section configured to hold working gas, each at least one reservoir section having a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide thermal change to the volume of the medium in the container and thereby provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, the volume of medium thermal coverage having an outside boundary; a condensation apparatus to provide regulation of working gas pressure in the at least one working gas reservoir; and wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is configured to form a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir sections in response to receiving working gas and in response to the condensation apparatus regulation of the working gas pressure to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium thermal coverage for the volume of the medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective at least one reservoir section. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one reservoir section comprises a plurality of reservoir sections that each have a respective internal reservoir space that is in fluid communication with at least one other internal reservoir space of an adjacent reservoir section, and the plurality of reservoir sections are arranged in spaced relationship to adjacent reservoir sections with the respective volumes of medium thermal coverage having the respective boundaries of thermal coverage to be at least contiguous. 3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a working gas source in fluid communication with the working gas reservoir and the condensation apparatus, and configured to provide working gas to the working gas reservoir in response to a change in pressure in the working gas reservoir as regulated by the condensation apparatus. 4. The system of claim 2 wherein the plurality of reservoir sections are coupled together in series or in parallel or in a combination of series and parallel arrangements. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein the working gas reservoir comprises a lattice of reservoir sections. 6. The system of claim 2, in which R3 is a radius of the volume of medium thermal coverage that is determined as follows: 7. The system of claim 6 wherein a minimum spacing between a center of adjacent reservoir sections is not less than 8. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is located in the interior of the container. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is located on the exterior of the container. 10. The system of claim 1 comprising a variable speed pump for moving the working gas through the working gas reservoir and condensation apparatus. 11. A method of controlling a temperature of a medium by working gas condensation, the method comprising:
providing an apparatus for controlling the temperature of the medium by condensation of a working gas, the providing including providing:
a container having an exterior and an interior;
at least one working gas associated with the container, at least one working gas reservoir having at least one reservoir section configured to hold working gas, each at least one reservoir section having a wall with an exterior surface structured to be thermally coupled with a volume of the medium in the container and to provide thermal change to the volume of the medium in the container and thereby provide a volume of medium thermal coverage in the container, the volume of medium thermal coverage having an outside boundary;
a condensation apparatus to provide regulation of working gas pressure in the at least one working gas reservoir; and
wherein the at least one working gas reservoir is configured to form a vapor space in each of the at least one reservoir sections in response to receiving working gas and in response to the condensation apparatus regulation of working gas pressure to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium thermal coverage for the volume of the medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective at least one reservoir section;
introducing working gas into the at least one working gas reservoir to partially occupy the at least one reservoir section in the at least one reservoir section; and regulating working gas pressure in the at least one reservoir section to enable working gas condensation at or near a selected temperature of the volume of medium thermal coverage for the volume of the medium in the container that is thermally coupled to the respective at least one reservoir section. 12. A method of controlling temperature in a medium stored in a container, the method comprising:
partitioning the medium into localized thermal volumes; and thermally coupling a working gas to respective localized thermal volumes to control a temperature of the localized thermal volume to maintain the medium at a selected temperature. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein partitioning the medium into localized thermal volumes comprises positioning a working gas reservoir in physical proximity to the container, with at least one working gas reservoir section associated with a respective localized thermal volume. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the thermally coupling comprises regulating working gas pressure in each at least one reservoir section to maintain a temperature of the respective localized thermal volume at the selected temperature of the medium. | 2,800 |
339,877 | 16,800,847 | 2,853 | A variable stiffness vibration damping device includes a first support member, a second support member, a pair of main elastic members, a partition elastic member, a communication passage, a coil, a yoke, and a magnetic fluid. The second support member includes an axial portion and a pair of outer flanges. The communication passage is provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the communication passage. The communication passage includes a circumferential passage. The coil is wound coaxially with the one of the first support member and the axial portion. The yoke is included in the one of the first support member and the axial portion and forms a magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the circumferential passage. | 1. A variable stiffness vibration damping device, comprising:
an annular first support member defining an inner hole therein; a second support member including an axial portion penetrating through the inner hole of the first support member in an axial direction and a pair of outer flanges provided at both ends in the axial direction of the axial portion and spaced from the first support member at a prescribed interval in the axial direction; a pair of annular main elastic members connecting the first support member and each of the pair of outer flanges and defining a liquid chamber around the axial portion; an annular partition elastic member connecting an inner circumferential portion of the first support member and an outer circumferential portion of the axial portion and partitioning the liquid chamber into a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber; a communication passage provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the communication passage, the communication passage including a circumferential passage extending in a circumferential direction; a coil wound coaxially with and provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion; a yoke included in the one of the first support member and the axial portion and configured to form a magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the circumferential passage; and a magnetic fluid filling the first liquid chamber, the second liquid chamber, and the communication passage. 2. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first support member is provided with the communication passage, the coil, and the yoke. 3. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential passage is provided in the first support member in a circumferential range larger than 180°. 4. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein the circumferential passage is provided in the first support member in a circumferential range equal to or larger than 360°. 5. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential passage is located on an outer circumferential side of the coil. 6. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the axial portion has a through hole penetrating therethrough in the axial direction. 7. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the partition elastic member is located at least partially in the inner hole of the first support member and extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction. 8. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the yoke includes:
a passage forming member forming the circumferential passage; and a pair of stacked members stacked in the axial direction with the passage forming member therebetween, and magnetic permeability of the passage forming member is lower than that of the pair of stacked members. | A variable stiffness vibration damping device includes a first support member, a second support member, a pair of main elastic members, a partition elastic member, a communication passage, a coil, a yoke, and a magnetic fluid. The second support member includes an axial portion and a pair of outer flanges. The communication passage is provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the communication passage. The communication passage includes a circumferential passage. The coil is wound coaxially with the one of the first support member and the axial portion. The yoke is included in the one of the first support member and the axial portion and forms a magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the circumferential passage.1. A variable stiffness vibration damping device, comprising:
an annular first support member defining an inner hole therein; a second support member including an axial portion penetrating through the inner hole of the first support member in an axial direction and a pair of outer flanges provided at both ends in the axial direction of the axial portion and spaced from the first support member at a prescribed interval in the axial direction; a pair of annular main elastic members connecting the first support member and each of the pair of outer flanges and defining a liquid chamber around the axial portion; an annular partition elastic member connecting an inner circumferential portion of the first support member and an outer circumferential portion of the axial portion and partitioning the liquid chamber into a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber; a communication passage provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the communication passage, the communication passage including a circumferential passage extending in a circumferential direction; a coil wound coaxially with and provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion; a yoke included in the one of the first support member and the axial portion and configured to form a magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the circumferential passage; and a magnetic fluid filling the first liquid chamber, the second liquid chamber, and the communication passage. 2. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first support member is provided with the communication passage, the coil, and the yoke. 3. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential passage is provided in the first support member in a circumferential range larger than 180°. 4. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein the circumferential passage is provided in the first support member in a circumferential range equal to or larger than 360°. 5. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential passage is located on an outer circumferential side of the coil. 6. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the axial portion has a through hole penetrating therethrough in the axial direction. 7. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the partition elastic member is located at least partially in the inner hole of the first support member and extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction. 8. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the yoke includes:
a passage forming member forming the circumferential passage; and a pair of stacked members stacked in the axial direction with the passage forming member therebetween, and magnetic permeability of the passage forming member is lower than that of the pair of stacked members. | 2,800 |
339,878 | 16,800,857 | 2,853 | A retail merchandise display device with security shield includes a pair of opposed side supports. One or more peg hooks may be mounted between the pair of side supports within a retail merchandise containment region. A movable shield is positioned over an opening to the retail merchandise containment region. Movement of the shield from a lowed position to a raised position and/or from a raised position to a lowered position is detected by an alarm device of the display, which in turn is configured to produce an alarm signal. | 1. A retail merchandise display device, comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening, the shield pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening; at least one alarm device arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position; and an alarm device support bar positioned between the pair of side supports, wherein the at least one alarm device is mounted to said alarm device support bar. 2. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, wherein each of the pair of opposed side supports are configured to mount to a retail merchandise display device wall as a cantilevered extension. 3. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, wherein at least one alarm device is configured to produce an alarm signal based on said transitioning of said shield. 4. The retail merchandise display device of claim 3, wherein the alarm signal is at least one of a radio transmission, a flashing light, and an audible tone. 5. The retail merchandise display device of claim 4, further comprising a remote alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to receive the radio transmission from the at least one alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to product a local alarm. 6. The retail merchandise display device of claim 3, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal after the shield has remained in the raised position for a predetermined period of time. 7. The retail merchandise display device of claim 3, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal upon completion of said transitioning from the lowered position to the raised position or upon completion of said transitioning from the raised position to the lowered position. 8. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, further comprising a peg hook support bar extending between the pair of side supports, the peg hook support bar extending parallel to said alarm device support bar. 9. The retail merchandise display device of claim 8, wherein the peg hook support bar is configured to support at least one peg hook structure mounted to the peg hook support bar such that the at least one peg hook structure extends within the retail merchandise containment region. 10. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, wherein the side supports are side panels that extend vertically below a bottom edge of the shield when the shield is in the lowered position. 11. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, further comprising a shelf defining a merchandise support surface upon which the merchandise is vertically supported, the shelf vertically supporting the pair of side supports. 12. The retail merchandise display device of claim 11, wherein:
the pair of side supports are side panels; the side panels including a lateral stepped region, the lateral stepped region being in contact with the shelf. 13. The retail merchandise display device of claim 10, further comprising a top panel extending from one side support to the other side support and vertically above the retail merchandise containment region. 14. A retail merchandise display device, comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening; and at least one alarm device positioned between the pair of side supports, the shield mounted to the at least one alarm device between the pair of side supports. 15. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, wherein each of the pair of opposed side supports are configured to mount to a retail merchandise display device wall as a cantilevered extension. 16. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, wherein the shield is pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening. 17. The retail merchandise display device of claim 16, wherein the at least one alarm device is arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position, and product an alarm signal based on said transitioning. 18. The retail merchandise display device of claim 17, wherein the alarm signal is at least one of a radio transmission, a flashing light, and an audible tone. 19. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, wherein the side supports are side panels that extend vertically below a bottom edge of the shield when the shield is in the lowered position. 20. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, further comprising a shelf defining a merchandise support surface upon which the merchandise is vertically supported, the shelf vertically supporting the pair of side supports. 21. The retail merchandise display device of claim 20, wherein:
the pair of side supports are side panels; the side panels including a lateral stepped region, the lateral stepped region being in contact with the shelf. 22. The retail merchandise display device of claim 19, further comprising a top panel extending from one side support to the other side support and vertically above the retail merchandise containment region between the pair of supports. 23. A retail merchandise display device, comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening, the shield pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening; at least one alarm device arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position, the at least one alarm device configured to produce an alarm signal upon detection of said transitioning; and wherein the at least one alarm device includes a pivotable mounting plate, the shield attached to the pivotable mounting plate. 24. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, wherein each of the pair of opposed side supports are configured to mount to a retail merchandise display device wall as a cantilevered extension. 25. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, wherein the alarm signal is at least one of a radio transmission, a flashing light, and an audible tone. 26. The retail merchandise display device of claim 25, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal after the shield has remained in the raised position for a predetermined period of time. 27. The retail merchandise display device of claim 25, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal upon completion of said transitioning from the lowered position to the raised position or upon completion of said transitioning from the raised position to the lowered position. 28. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, further comprising a remote alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to receive the radio transmission from the at least one alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to product a local alarm. 29. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, further comprising a product support device positioned between the pair of side supports for supporting merchandise between the pair of side supports. 30. The retail merchandise display device of claim 29, wherein the product support device includes:
a peg hook support bar extending between the pair of side supports; and at least one peg hook structure mounted to the peg hook support bar such that the at least one peg hook structure extends within the retail merchandise containment region, the at least one peg hook structure configured to support retail merchandise in a hanging presentation. 31. The retail merchandise display device of claim 29, wherein the product support device is a shelf, the pair of side supports rest on top of the shelf. 32. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, wherein the at least one alarm device is removable. 33. A security device comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening, the shield pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening; at least one alarm device arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position; and an alarm device support bar positioned between the pair of side supports, wherein the at least one alarm device is mounted to said alarm device support bar. 34. An alarm device comprising:
a main body; a mounting plate pivotally attached to the main body; a base plate attached to the main body; at least one alignment projection projecting from a face of the base plate that faces away from the main body; at least one releasable fastener connected to the base plate. 35. The alarm device of claim 34, wherein the releasable fastener is a bolt and nut, the bolt extending through an aperture in the base plate. | A retail merchandise display device with security shield includes a pair of opposed side supports. One or more peg hooks may be mounted between the pair of side supports within a retail merchandise containment region. A movable shield is positioned over an opening to the retail merchandise containment region. Movement of the shield from a lowed position to a raised position and/or from a raised position to a lowered position is detected by an alarm device of the display, which in turn is configured to produce an alarm signal.1. A retail merchandise display device, comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening, the shield pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening; at least one alarm device arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position; and an alarm device support bar positioned between the pair of side supports, wherein the at least one alarm device is mounted to said alarm device support bar. 2. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, wherein each of the pair of opposed side supports are configured to mount to a retail merchandise display device wall as a cantilevered extension. 3. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, wherein at least one alarm device is configured to produce an alarm signal based on said transitioning of said shield. 4. The retail merchandise display device of claim 3, wherein the alarm signal is at least one of a radio transmission, a flashing light, and an audible tone. 5. The retail merchandise display device of claim 4, further comprising a remote alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to receive the radio transmission from the at least one alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to product a local alarm. 6. The retail merchandise display device of claim 3, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal after the shield has remained in the raised position for a predetermined period of time. 7. The retail merchandise display device of claim 3, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal upon completion of said transitioning from the lowered position to the raised position or upon completion of said transitioning from the raised position to the lowered position. 8. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, further comprising a peg hook support bar extending between the pair of side supports, the peg hook support bar extending parallel to said alarm device support bar. 9. The retail merchandise display device of claim 8, wherein the peg hook support bar is configured to support at least one peg hook structure mounted to the peg hook support bar such that the at least one peg hook structure extends within the retail merchandise containment region. 10. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, wherein the side supports are side panels that extend vertically below a bottom edge of the shield when the shield is in the lowered position. 11. The retail merchandise display device of claim 1, further comprising a shelf defining a merchandise support surface upon which the merchandise is vertically supported, the shelf vertically supporting the pair of side supports. 12. The retail merchandise display device of claim 11, wherein:
the pair of side supports are side panels; the side panels including a lateral stepped region, the lateral stepped region being in contact with the shelf. 13. The retail merchandise display device of claim 10, further comprising a top panel extending from one side support to the other side support and vertically above the retail merchandise containment region. 14. A retail merchandise display device, comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening; and at least one alarm device positioned between the pair of side supports, the shield mounted to the at least one alarm device between the pair of side supports. 15. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, wherein each of the pair of opposed side supports are configured to mount to a retail merchandise display device wall as a cantilevered extension. 16. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, wherein the shield is pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening. 17. The retail merchandise display device of claim 16, wherein the at least one alarm device is arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position, and product an alarm signal based on said transitioning. 18. The retail merchandise display device of claim 17, wherein the alarm signal is at least one of a radio transmission, a flashing light, and an audible tone. 19. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, wherein the side supports are side panels that extend vertically below a bottom edge of the shield when the shield is in the lowered position. 20. The retail merchandise display device of claim 14, further comprising a shelf defining a merchandise support surface upon which the merchandise is vertically supported, the shelf vertically supporting the pair of side supports. 21. The retail merchandise display device of claim 20, wherein:
the pair of side supports are side panels; the side panels including a lateral stepped region, the lateral stepped region being in contact with the shelf. 22. The retail merchandise display device of claim 19, further comprising a top panel extending from one side support to the other side support and vertically above the retail merchandise containment region between the pair of supports. 23. A retail merchandise display device, comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening, the shield pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening; at least one alarm device arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position, the at least one alarm device configured to produce an alarm signal upon detection of said transitioning; and wherein the at least one alarm device includes a pivotable mounting plate, the shield attached to the pivotable mounting plate. 24. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, wherein each of the pair of opposed side supports are configured to mount to a retail merchandise display device wall as a cantilevered extension. 25. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, wherein the alarm signal is at least one of a radio transmission, a flashing light, and an audible tone. 26. The retail merchandise display device of claim 25, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal after the shield has remained in the raised position for a predetermined period of time. 27. The retail merchandise display device of claim 25, wherein the at least one alarm device is configured to produce the alarm signal upon completion of said transitioning from the lowered position to the raised position or upon completion of said transitioning from the raised position to the lowered position. 28. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, further comprising a remote alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to receive the radio transmission from the at least one alarm device, the remote alarm device configured to product a local alarm. 29. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, further comprising a product support device positioned between the pair of side supports for supporting merchandise between the pair of side supports. 30. The retail merchandise display device of claim 29, wherein the product support device includes:
a peg hook support bar extending between the pair of side supports; and at least one peg hook structure mounted to the peg hook support bar such that the at least one peg hook structure extends within the retail merchandise containment region, the at least one peg hook structure configured to support retail merchandise in a hanging presentation. 31. The retail merchandise display device of claim 29, wherein the product support device is a shelf, the pair of side supports rest on top of the shelf. 32. The retail merchandise display device of claim 23, wherein the at least one alarm device is removable. 33. A security device comprising:
a pair of side supports in opposed spaced relation, the side supports defining an opening between the pair of side supports providing access to a retail merchandise containment region between the pair of side supports; a shield positioned adjacent the opening, the shield pivotable from a lowered position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is not accessible through the opening, and a raised position wherein the retail merchandise containment region is accessible through the opening; at least one alarm device arranged to detect at least one of a transition of the shield from the lowered position to the raised position, or a transition from the raised position to the lowered position; and an alarm device support bar positioned between the pair of side supports, wherein the at least one alarm device is mounted to said alarm device support bar. 34. An alarm device comprising:
a main body; a mounting plate pivotally attached to the main body; a base plate attached to the main body; at least one alignment projection projecting from a face of the base plate that faces away from the main body; at least one releasable fastener connected to the base plate. 35. The alarm device of claim 34, wherein the releasable fastener is a bolt and nut, the bolt extending through an aperture in the base plate. | 2,800 |
339,879 | 16,800,874 | 2,435 | A method of detecting patterns for automated filtering of data is provided. The method includes receiving network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack. Processing the good and bad traffic includes generating, for each unique packet, each potential unique combination of the packet's fields, storing each combination with associated bad match and good match counters, and incrementing a combination's respective good and bad match counters for each occurrence it matches one of the packets of the respective good and bad traffic. The combinations are sorted based on the good match counter associated with each combination, a number of fields in each combination, and the bad match counter associated with each combination. One or more combination is selected based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component. | 1. A method for detecting patterns for automated filtering of data, the method comprising:
receiving network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack, wherein packets of the network traffic each have data associated with respective fields of a set of one or more fields; processing the bad traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the bad traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields;
storing each of the combinations generated with an associated bad match counter and an associated good match counter;
incrementing the bad match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the bad traffic;
processing the good traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the good traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields; and
incrementing the good match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the good traffic;
sorting the combinations based on factors including (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination; and
selecting one or more of the combinations based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
comparing the good match count associated with each combination to a threshold value; and excluding from the sorting each combination having an associated good match count that exceeds the threshold. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of one or more fields are included in at least one of a header or payload of the associated packet of the good or bad traffic. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising filtering network traffic of a network using the network filtering component. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein, when sorting the combinations, the factors for sorting the combinations are applied in the following order: (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination. 6. The method of claim 1, further including intercepting the network traffic. 7. A network monitor for detecting patterns for automated filtering of data, the network monitor comprising:
a memory configured to store instructions; a processor and in communication with the memory, wherein the processor upon execution of the instructions is configured to:
receive network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack, wherein packets of the network traffic each have data associated with respective fields of a set of one or more fields;
process the bad traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the bad traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields;
storing each of the combinations generated with an associated bad match counter and an associated good match counter;
incrementing the bad match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the bad traffic;
process the good traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the good traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields; and
incrementing the good match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the good traffic;
sort the combinations based on factors including (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination; and
select one or more of the combinations based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component. 8. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein the processor, upon execution of the instructions, is further configured to:
compare the good match count associated with each combination to a threshold value; and exclude from the sorting each combination having an associated good match count that exceeds the threshold. 9. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein the set of one or more fields are included in at least one of a header or payload of the associated packet of the good or bad traffic. 10. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein the processor, upon execution of the instructions, is further configured to filter network traffic of a network using the network filtering component. 11. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein, when sorting the combinations, the factors for sorting the combinations are applied in the following order: (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination. 12. A network monitoring system configured and operable to:
intercept network traffic; receive the intercepted network traffic, the network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack, wherein packets of the network traffic each have data associated with respective fields of a set of one or more fields; process the bad traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the bad traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields;
storing each of the combinations generated with an associated bad match counter and an associated good match counter;
incrementing the bad match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the bad traffic;
process the good traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the good traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields; and
incrementing the good match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the good traffic;
sort the combinations based on factors including (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination; and
select one or more of the combinations based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component. 13. The network monitoring system of claim 12, further configured and operable to:
compare the good match count associated with each combination to a threshold value; and exclude from the sorting each combination having an associated good match count that exceeds the threshold. 14. The network monitoring system of claim 12, wherein the set of one or more fields are included in at least one of a header or payload of the associated packet of the good or bad traffic. 15. The network monitoring system of claim 12, wherein the processor, upon execution of the instructions, is further configured to filter network traffic of a network using the network filtering component. 16. The network monitoring system of claim 12, wherein, when sorting the combinations, the factors for sorting the combinations are applied in the following order: (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination. | A method of detecting patterns for automated filtering of data is provided. The method includes receiving network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack. Processing the good and bad traffic includes generating, for each unique packet, each potential unique combination of the packet's fields, storing each combination with associated bad match and good match counters, and incrementing a combination's respective good and bad match counters for each occurrence it matches one of the packets of the respective good and bad traffic. The combinations are sorted based on the good match counter associated with each combination, a number of fields in each combination, and the bad match counter associated with each combination. One or more combination is selected based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component.1. A method for detecting patterns for automated filtering of data, the method comprising:
receiving network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack, wherein packets of the network traffic each have data associated with respective fields of a set of one or more fields; processing the bad traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the bad traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields;
storing each of the combinations generated with an associated bad match counter and an associated good match counter;
incrementing the bad match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the bad traffic;
processing the good traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the good traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields; and
incrementing the good match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the good traffic;
sorting the combinations based on factors including (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination; and
selecting one or more of the combinations based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
comparing the good match count associated with each combination to a threshold value; and excluding from the sorting each combination having an associated good match count that exceeds the threshold. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of one or more fields are included in at least one of a header or payload of the associated packet of the good or bad traffic. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising filtering network traffic of a network using the network filtering component. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein, when sorting the combinations, the factors for sorting the combinations are applied in the following order: (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination. 6. The method of claim 1, further including intercepting the network traffic. 7. A network monitor for detecting patterns for automated filtering of data, the network monitor comprising:
a memory configured to store instructions; a processor and in communication with the memory, wherein the processor upon execution of the instructions is configured to:
receive network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack, wherein packets of the network traffic each have data associated with respective fields of a set of one or more fields;
process the bad traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the bad traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields;
storing each of the combinations generated with an associated bad match counter and an associated good match counter;
incrementing the bad match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the bad traffic;
process the good traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the good traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields; and
incrementing the good match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the good traffic;
sort the combinations based on factors including (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination; and
select one or more of the combinations based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component. 8. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein the processor, upon execution of the instructions, is further configured to:
compare the good match count associated with each combination to a threshold value; and exclude from the sorting each combination having an associated good match count that exceeds the threshold. 9. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein the set of one or more fields are included in at least one of a header or payload of the associated packet of the good or bad traffic. 10. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein the processor, upon execution of the instructions, is further configured to filter network traffic of a network using the network filtering component. 11. The network monitor of claim 7, wherein, when sorting the combinations, the factors for sorting the combinations are applied in the following order: (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination. 12. A network monitoring system configured and operable to:
intercept network traffic; receive the intercepted network traffic, the network traffic including bad traffic and good traffic, wherein an attack is known to be applied to the bad traffic, and the good traffic is known to be free of an applied attack, wherein packets of the network traffic each have data associated with respective fields of a set of one or more fields; process the bad traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the bad traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields;
storing each of the combinations generated with an associated bad match counter and an associated good match counter;
incrementing the bad match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the bad traffic;
process the good traffic, comprising:
generating, for each unique packet of the good traffic, each potential unique combination of fields of the set of one or more fields; and
incrementing the good match counter associated with each combination for each occurrence that the combination matches one of the packets of the good traffic;
sort the combinations based on factors including (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination; and
select one or more of the combinations based on results of the sorting for provision to a network traffic filtering component. 13. The network monitoring system of claim 12, further configured and operable to:
compare the good match count associated with each combination to a threshold value; and exclude from the sorting each combination having an associated good match count that exceeds the threshold. 14. The network monitoring system of claim 12, wherein the set of one or more fields are included in at least one of a header or payload of the associated packet of the good or bad traffic. 15. The network monitoring system of claim 12, wherein the processor, upon execution of the instructions, is further configured to filter network traffic of a network using the network filtering component. 16. The network monitoring system of claim 12, wherein, when sorting the combinations, the factors for sorting the combinations are applied in the following order: (a) the good match counter associated with each combination, (b) a number of fields in each combination, and (c) the bad match counter associated with each combination. | 2,400 |
339,880 | 16,800,853 | 2,435 | Software defined network orchestration to manage media flows for broadcast with public cloud networks is provided by identifying a media flow at a media production facility for multicast transmission; registering the media flow to a registration database; migrating the media flow from multicast transmission to unicast transmission; transmitting the media flow to a public cloud network facility; and updating the registration database with a location of the media flow in the public cloud network facility. Once registered, a media flow management system allows any authorized device to request for a media flow; and in response locates the media flow based on a registration database indicating a location of the media flow (whether in the public cloud network facility, on a common carrier, or in a production facility); receives access to the media flow at the location; and allows the authorized device to consume the media flow. | 1. A method, comprising:
identifying a media flow at a media production facility for multicast transmission; registering the media flow to a registration database; migrating the media flow from multicast transmission to unicast transmission; transmitting the media flow to a public cloud network facility; and updating the registration database with a location of the media flow in the public cloud network facility. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying a second media flow configured for unicast transmission; aggregating the media flow with the second media flow into a bundled media flow; and registering the bundled media flow to the registration database, wherein the registration database identifies the media flow and the second media flow as being aggregated together in the bundled media flow. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the registration database tallies whether the media flow is used in an ongoing broadcast. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in response to receiving an insertion command identifying a second media flow, combining the media flow with the second media flow to produce a combined media flow, wherein the second media flow is located at the media production facility and the media flow is located at the public cloud network facility. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in response to receiving an insertion command identifying a second media flow, combining the media flow with the second media flow to produce a combined media flow, wherein both the media flow and the second media flow are located at the public cloud network facility. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the media flow includes at least one of:
a video segment; an audio segment; a graphic; a content trigger; content metadata describing contents of the media flow; or usage metadata describing how the media flow has been used or broadcast. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a request for a second media flow; locating the second media flow based on the registration database indicating a location of the second media flow; receiving access to the second media flow at the location of the second media flow; and consuming the second media flow. 8. A method, comprising:
receiving a request for a media flow; locating the media flow based on a registration database indicating a location of the media flow; receiving access to the media flow at the location; and consuming the media flow. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising, in response to locating the media flow stored in a public cloud network facility:
retrieving, to a media production facility, the media flow from the public cloud network facility as a unicast flow; and migrating the unicast flow to a multicast flow for consumption within the media production facility. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising decompressing the multicast flow. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the media flow is located in a bundled media flow with at least one additional media flow, wherein receiving the media flow from the location includes extracting the media flow from the bundled media flow. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein consuming the media flow further comprises:
receiving a second media flow to combine with the media flow into a combined media flow; and updating the registration database based on the combined media flow. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the media flow includes at least one of:
a graphic; a video segment; an audio segment; a content trigger; content metadata describing contents of the media flow; or usage metadata describing how the media flow has been used or broadcast. 14. A system, comprising:
a media production facility in communication with a public cloud network facility via a common carrier; an orchestration layer running in the media production facility and the public cloud network facility over the common carrier; a registration database; and a management system in communication with the registration database and configured to access, via the orchestration layer, a media flow located at the media production facility, on the common carrier, and at the public cloud network facility. 15. The system of claim 14, further comprising:
a second media production facility in communication with the public cloud network facility via the common carrier; wherein the orchestration layer further runs in the second media production facility; and wherein the management system is further configured to access, via the orchestration layer, a media flow located at the second media production facility. 16. The system of claim 14, further comprising:
a second public cloud network facility in communication with media production facility via the common carrier; wherein the orchestration layer further runs in the second public cloud network facility; and wherein the management system is further configured to access, via the orchestration layer, a media flow located at the second public cloud network facility. 17. The system of claim 14, wherein the management system is further configured to compress media flows exiting the media production facility and decompress media flows entering the media production facility. 18. The system of claim 14, wherein the management system is further configured to tally content in the registration database to indicate content that is read-only during broadcast of the content. 19. The system of claim 14, wherein the management system is further configured to:
receive a command to combine a first media flow and a second media flow into a combined media flow; access the first media flow stored at a first location; access the second media flow stored at a second location, different from the first location; combine the first media flow and the second media flow into the combined media flow; and register a storage location of the combined media flow to the registration database for subsequent retrieval. 20. The system of claim 14, wherein the media flows include:
video segments; audio segments; graphics; content triggers; content metadata describing contents of the media flows; or usage metadata describing how the media flows have been used or broadcast. | Software defined network orchestration to manage media flows for broadcast with public cloud networks is provided by identifying a media flow at a media production facility for multicast transmission; registering the media flow to a registration database; migrating the media flow from multicast transmission to unicast transmission; transmitting the media flow to a public cloud network facility; and updating the registration database with a location of the media flow in the public cloud network facility. Once registered, a media flow management system allows any authorized device to request for a media flow; and in response locates the media flow based on a registration database indicating a location of the media flow (whether in the public cloud network facility, on a common carrier, or in a production facility); receives access to the media flow at the location; and allows the authorized device to consume the media flow.1. A method, comprising:
identifying a media flow at a media production facility for multicast transmission; registering the media flow to a registration database; migrating the media flow from multicast transmission to unicast transmission; transmitting the media flow to a public cloud network facility; and updating the registration database with a location of the media flow in the public cloud network facility. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying a second media flow configured for unicast transmission; aggregating the media flow with the second media flow into a bundled media flow; and registering the bundled media flow to the registration database, wherein the registration database identifies the media flow and the second media flow as being aggregated together in the bundled media flow. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the registration database tallies whether the media flow is used in an ongoing broadcast. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in response to receiving an insertion command identifying a second media flow, combining the media flow with the second media flow to produce a combined media flow, wherein the second media flow is located at the media production facility and the media flow is located at the public cloud network facility. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in response to receiving an insertion command identifying a second media flow, combining the media flow with the second media flow to produce a combined media flow, wherein both the media flow and the second media flow are located at the public cloud network facility. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the media flow includes at least one of:
a video segment; an audio segment; a graphic; a content trigger; content metadata describing contents of the media flow; or usage metadata describing how the media flow has been used or broadcast. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a request for a second media flow; locating the second media flow based on the registration database indicating a location of the second media flow; receiving access to the second media flow at the location of the second media flow; and consuming the second media flow. 8. A method, comprising:
receiving a request for a media flow; locating the media flow based on a registration database indicating a location of the media flow; receiving access to the media flow at the location; and consuming the media flow. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising, in response to locating the media flow stored in a public cloud network facility:
retrieving, to a media production facility, the media flow from the public cloud network facility as a unicast flow; and migrating the unicast flow to a multicast flow for consumption within the media production facility. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising decompressing the multicast flow. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the media flow is located in a bundled media flow with at least one additional media flow, wherein receiving the media flow from the location includes extracting the media flow from the bundled media flow. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein consuming the media flow further comprises:
receiving a second media flow to combine with the media flow into a combined media flow; and updating the registration database based on the combined media flow. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the media flow includes at least one of:
a graphic; a video segment; an audio segment; a content trigger; content metadata describing contents of the media flow; or usage metadata describing how the media flow has been used or broadcast. 14. A system, comprising:
a media production facility in communication with a public cloud network facility via a common carrier; an orchestration layer running in the media production facility and the public cloud network facility over the common carrier; a registration database; and a management system in communication with the registration database and configured to access, via the orchestration layer, a media flow located at the media production facility, on the common carrier, and at the public cloud network facility. 15. The system of claim 14, further comprising:
a second media production facility in communication with the public cloud network facility via the common carrier; wherein the orchestration layer further runs in the second media production facility; and wherein the management system is further configured to access, via the orchestration layer, a media flow located at the second media production facility. 16. The system of claim 14, further comprising:
a second public cloud network facility in communication with media production facility via the common carrier; wherein the orchestration layer further runs in the second public cloud network facility; and wherein the management system is further configured to access, via the orchestration layer, a media flow located at the second public cloud network facility. 17. The system of claim 14, wherein the management system is further configured to compress media flows exiting the media production facility and decompress media flows entering the media production facility. 18. The system of claim 14, wherein the management system is further configured to tally content in the registration database to indicate content that is read-only during broadcast of the content. 19. The system of claim 14, wherein the management system is further configured to:
receive a command to combine a first media flow and a second media flow into a combined media flow; access the first media flow stored at a first location; access the second media flow stored at a second location, different from the first location; combine the first media flow and the second media flow into the combined media flow; and register a storage location of the combined media flow to the registration database for subsequent retrieval. 20. The system of claim 14, wherein the media flows include:
video segments; audio segments; graphics; content triggers; content metadata describing contents of the media flows; or usage metadata describing how the media flows have been used or broadcast. | 2,400 |
339,881 | 16,800,872 | 2,435 | A system, method, and apparatus for palletizing cargo on a rack for shipment are provided. The system generally includes a tiered rack having a base tier, a support framework extending from the base tier, and a second tier adjustably attached to the support framework. The system may further include a plurality of lower frame support members positioned longitudinally across the bottom of the base tier, and a plurality of pneumatically actuated rollers spaced to cooperatively engage the plurality of lower frame support members, the rollers being selectively extendable from a plurality of raised tracks positioned longitudinally along a floor of the railcar, where the rollers are configured to pneumatically extend past an upper surface of the track when actuated and allow for linear motion thereover. | 1. A cargo transfer system for loading goods onto a boxcar-type railcar and supporting the goods during transport, the cargo transfer system comprising:
a pallet for supporting goods; a conveyor within the boxcar-type railcar comprising one or more rollers extending from a track; a cargo container adapted to move along said track having:
a base adapted to support a first said pallet loaded with goods entirely within the periphery of said base;
an upper platform above said base, said upper platform adapted to support a second said pallet loaded with goods entirely within the periphery of said upper platform;
first and second sidewalls extending upwardly from said base and arranged generally parallel to one another, said first sidewall terminating in a first upper end and said second sidewall terminating in a second upper end, said first sidewall comprising a first vertical framework member and said second sidewall comprising a second vertical framework member, said first vertical framework member fixed to said base proximate a first peripheral corner of said base, said second vertical framework member fixed to said base proximate a second peripheral corner of said base, said first vertical framework member fixed to said upper platform proximate a first peripheral corner of said upper platform, said second vertical framework member fixed to said upper platform proximate a second peripheral corner of said upper platform;
a bottom surface of said base that contacts said rollers;
a top of said cargo container that is open so as to not restrict the height of goods on said upper platform; and
a side of said cargo container spanning between said first and second sidewalls that is open to allow access to goods. 2. The cargo transfer system of claim 1, wherein said bottom surface of said base is a solid plate. 3. The cargo transfer system of claim 1, wherein said bottom surface of said base comprises one or more strips that contact said rollers. 4. The cargo transfer system of claim 2, wherein said first and second upper ends of said first and second sidewalls are higher than said upper platform. 5. The cargo transfer system of claim 4, wherein said first sidewall further comprises a first angled framework member that is neither vertical nor horizontal and said second sidewall further comprises a second angled framework member that is neither vertical nor horizontal, said first and second angled framework members are higher than said upper platform. 6. The cargo transfer system of claim 5, wherein said pallet has at least one side that is at least forty inches long. 7. The cargo transfer system of claim 6, wherein the goods on said second pallet extend higher than said first and second upper ends when said second pallet loaded with goods is on said upper platform. 8. The cargo transfer system of claim 7, wherein said rollers are cylindrical. 9. The cargo transfer system of claim 7, wherein said rollers are spherical. | A system, method, and apparatus for palletizing cargo on a rack for shipment are provided. The system generally includes a tiered rack having a base tier, a support framework extending from the base tier, and a second tier adjustably attached to the support framework. The system may further include a plurality of lower frame support members positioned longitudinally across the bottom of the base tier, and a plurality of pneumatically actuated rollers spaced to cooperatively engage the plurality of lower frame support members, the rollers being selectively extendable from a plurality of raised tracks positioned longitudinally along a floor of the railcar, where the rollers are configured to pneumatically extend past an upper surface of the track when actuated and allow for linear motion thereover.1. A cargo transfer system for loading goods onto a boxcar-type railcar and supporting the goods during transport, the cargo transfer system comprising:
a pallet for supporting goods; a conveyor within the boxcar-type railcar comprising one or more rollers extending from a track; a cargo container adapted to move along said track having:
a base adapted to support a first said pallet loaded with goods entirely within the periphery of said base;
an upper platform above said base, said upper platform adapted to support a second said pallet loaded with goods entirely within the periphery of said upper platform;
first and second sidewalls extending upwardly from said base and arranged generally parallel to one another, said first sidewall terminating in a first upper end and said second sidewall terminating in a second upper end, said first sidewall comprising a first vertical framework member and said second sidewall comprising a second vertical framework member, said first vertical framework member fixed to said base proximate a first peripheral corner of said base, said second vertical framework member fixed to said base proximate a second peripheral corner of said base, said first vertical framework member fixed to said upper platform proximate a first peripheral corner of said upper platform, said second vertical framework member fixed to said upper platform proximate a second peripheral corner of said upper platform;
a bottom surface of said base that contacts said rollers;
a top of said cargo container that is open so as to not restrict the height of goods on said upper platform; and
a side of said cargo container spanning between said first and second sidewalls that is open to allow access to goods. 2. The cargo transfer system of claim 1, wherein said bottom surface of said base is a solid plate. 3. The cargo transfer system of claim 1, wherein said bottom surface of said base comprises one or more strips that contact said rollers. 4. The cargo transfer system of claim 2, wherein said first and second upper ends of said first and second sidewalls are higher than said upper platform. 5. The cargo transfer system of claim 4, wherein said first sidewall further comprises a first angled framework member that is neither vertical nor horizontal and said second sidewall further comprises a second angled framework member that is neither vertical nor horizontal, said first and second angled framework members are higher than said upper platform. 6. The cargo transfer system of claim 5, wherein said pallet has at least one side that is at least forty inches long. 7. The cargo transfer system of claim 6, wherein the goods on said second pallet extend higher than said first and second upper ends when said second pallet loaded with goods is on said upper platform. 8. The cargo transfer system of claim 7, wherein said rollers are cylindrical. 9. The cargo transfer system of claim 7, wherein said rollers are spherical. | 2,400 |
339,882 | 16,800,865 | 2,435 | An augmented reality/mixed reality/virtual reality (AR/MR/VR) display configured to output artificial reality content comprising an angularly selective diffusive combiner and a projector configured to project a virtual image on the angularly selective diffusive combiner is disclosed. The angularly selective diffusive combiner comprises first and second opposing surfaces with a first material disposed in between. The angularly selective diffusive combiner also comprises a second material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces, the second material having an optical index of refraction substantially matching the optical index of refraction of the first material for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces at a first angle and an optical index of refraction different from the optical index of refraction of the first material for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle. | 1. A device configured to output artificial reality content, comprising:
an angularly selective diffusive combiner configured to transparently transmit light normally incident to the angularly selective diffusive combiner and to diffusively scatter light incident to the angularly selective diffusive combiner at a non-perpendicular angle; and a projector configured to project a virtual image on the angularly selective diffusive combiner at the non-perpendicular angle, wherein the angularly selective diffusive combiner is configured to direct at least some light from the virtual image toward an eyebox. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the angularly selective diffusive combiner comprises:
first and second opposing surfaces; a first material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces; and a second material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces and disposed in domains within a matrix of the first material, the second material having an optical index of refraction substantially matching the optical index of refraction of the first material for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and an optical index of refraction different from the optical index of refraction of the first material for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an non-perpendicular angle. 3. The device of claim 2, wherein the first material comprises a polymer and the second material comprises a liquid crystal such that the polymer and the liquid crystal form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal of the PDLC is aligned substantially perpendicular to the first and second surfaces in the absence of an applied voltage such that the index of refraction of the liquid crystal substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the liquid crystal is different from the index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at a non-perpendicular angle. 5. The device of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal of the PDLC is aligned at a non-perpendicular tilt angle with respect to the first and second surfaces such that the index of refraction of the liquid crystal substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the liquid crystal is different from the optical index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at a non-perpendicular angle. 6. The device of claim 2, wherein the first material is porous defining a plurality of pores aligned substantially normal to the first and second opposing surfaces and the second material comprises a liquid crystal filling the pores and having liquid crystal aligned substantially along major axes of the pores. 7. The device of claim 2, wherein the first material is porous defining a plurality of pores aligned at a non-perpendicular angle to the first and second opposing surfaces and the second material comprises a liquid crystal filling the pores and having liquid crystal aligned along major axes of the pores. 8. The device of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal has at least one of a positive and a negative dielectric anisotropy. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the angularly selective diffusive combiner is configured to function as a shutter and controllably, substantially block incident from transmitting through the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 10. The device of claim 1, further comprising a second projector, wherein the first projector is configured to illuminate a first portion of the angularly selective diffusive combiner at a first angle and the second projector is configured to illuminate a second portion of the angularly selective diffusive combiner at a second angle. 11. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is a head-mounted display (HMD). 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the HMD further comprises at least one lens configured allow an eye within the eyebox to focus on the virtual image. 13. A method of forming an angularly selective diffusive combiner, the method comprising:
providing liquid crystal dispersed in a precursor of an isotropic polymer between a first surface and a second surface; applying an aligning force to align a liquid crystal director of the liquid crystal dispersed in the precursor of the isotropic polymer along a predetermined axis; and polymerizing the isotropic polymer in the presence of the aligning force. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the aligning force is caused by at least one of a magnetic field, an electric field, and an alignment layer on at least one of the surfaces causing the liquid crystal to be aligned substantially normal to a major surface of the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the alignment force causes the liquid crystal to be aligned at a non-perpendicular tilt angle with respect to a major surface of the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 16. An angularly selective diffusive combiner comprising:
first and second opposing surfaces; a first material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces; and a second material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces, the second material having an optical index of refraction substantially matching the optical index of refraction of the first material for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces at a first angle and an optical index of refraction different from the optical index of refraction of the first material for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle. 17. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 16, wherein the first material is a polymer and the second material is a liquid crystal such that the polymer and the liquid crystal form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). 18. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the liquid crystal of the angularly selective diffusive combiner is vertically aligned such that the index of refraction of the PDLC substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the PDLC is different from the optical index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle. 19. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the liquid crystal of the angularly selective diffusive combiner is aligned at a tilt angle such that the index of refraction of the PDLC substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the PDLC is different from the optical index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle. 20. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 16, wherein the first material is porous having vertically aligned pores and the second material is a liquid crystal filling the vertically aligned pores and having liquid crystal aligned along the pores. 21. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 16, wherein the first material is porous having vertically aligned pores and the second material is a liquid crystal filling the vertically aligned pores and having liquid crystal aligned along major axes of the pores. 22. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the liquid crystal has at least one of a positive and a negative dielectric anisotropy. 23. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the second material comprises an anisotropic material, and wherein the second material is dispersed in the first material and aligned within the first material at a predetermined angle with respect to a major surface of the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 24. A method of forming an angularly selective diffusive combiner, the method comprising:
providing a porous film; infiltrating the porous film with liquid crystal; and aligning a liquid crystal director of the liquid crystal along a predetermined axis. | An augmented reality/mixed reality/virtual reality (AR/MR/VR) display configured to output artificial reality content comprising an angularly selective diffusive combiner and a projector configured to project a virtual image on the angularly selective diffusive combiner is disclosed. The angularly selective diffusive combiner comprises first and second opposing surfaces with a first material disposed in between. The angularly selective diffusive combiner also comprises a second material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces, the second material having an optical index of refraction substantially matching the optical index of refraction of the first material for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces at a first angle and an optical index of refraction different from the optical index of refraction of the first material for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle.1. A device configured to output artificial reality content, comprising:
an angularly selective diffusive combiner configured to transparently transmit light normally incident to the angularly selective diffusive combiner and to diffusively scatter light incident to the angularly selective diffusive combiner at a non-perpendicular angle; and a projector configured to project a virtual image on the angularly selective diffusive combiner at the non-perpendicular angle, wherein the angularly selective diffusive combiner is configured to direct at least some light from the virtual image toward an eyebox. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the angularly selective diffusive combiner comprises:
first and second opposing surfaces; a first material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces; and a second material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces and disposed in domains within a matrix of the first material, the second material having an optical index of refraction substantially matching the optical index of refraction of the first material for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and an optical index of refraction different from the optical index of refraction of the first material for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an non-perpendicular angle. 3. The device of claim 2, wherein the first material comprises a polymer and the second material comprises a liquid crystal such that the polymer and the liquid crystal form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal of the PDLC is aligned substantially perpendicular to the first and second surfaces in the absence of an applied voltage such that the index of refraction of the liquid crystal substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the liquid crystal is different from the index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at a non-perpendicular angle. 5. The device of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal of the PDLC is aligned at a non-perpendicular tilt angle with respect to the first and second surfaces such that the index of refraction of the liquid crystal substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the liquid crystal is different from the optical index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at a non-perpendicular angle. 6. The device of claim 2, wherein the first material is porous defining a plurality of pores aligned substantially normal to the first and second opposing surfaces and the second material comprises a liquid crystal filling the pores and having liquid crystal aligned substantially along major axes of the pores. 7. The device of claim 2, wherein the first material is porous defining a plurality of pores aligned at a non-perpendicular angle to the first and second opposing surfaces and the second material comprises a liquid crystal filling the pores and having liquid crystal aligned along major axes of the pores. 8. The device of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal has at least one of a positive and a negative dielectric anisotropy. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the angularly selective diffusive combiner is configured to function as a shutter and controllably, substantially block incident from transmitting through the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 10. The device of claim 1, further comprising a second projector, wherein the first projector is configured to illuminate a first portion of the angularly selective diffusive combiner at a first angle and the second projector is configured to illuminate a second portion of the angularly selective diffusive combiner at a second angle. 11. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is a head-mounted display (HMD). 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the HMD further comprises at least one lens configured allow an eye within the eyebox to focus on the virtual image. 13. A method of forming an angularly selective diffusive combiner, the method comprising:
providing liquid crystal dispersed in a precursor of an isotropic polymer between a first surface and a second surface; applying an aligning force to align a liquid crystal director of the liquid crystal dispersed in the precursor of the isotropic polymer along a predetermined axis; and polymerizing the isotropic polymer in the presence of the aligning force. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the aligning force is caused by at least one of a magnetic field, an electric field, and an alignment layer on at least one of the surfaces causing the liquid crystal to be aligned substantially normal to a major surface of the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the alignment force causes the liquid crystal to be aligned at a non-perpendicular tilt angle with respect to a major surface of the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 16. An angularly selective diffusive combiner comprising:
first and second opposing surfaces; a first material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces; and a second material disposed between the first and second opposing surfaces, the second material having an optical index of refraction substantially matching the optical index of refraction of the first material for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces at a first angle and an optical index of refraction different from the optical index of refraction of the first material for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle. 17. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 16, wherein the first material is a polymer and the second material is a liquid crystal such that the polymer and the liquid crystal form a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). 18. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the liquid crystal of the angularly selective diffusive combiner is vertically aligned such that the index of refraction of the PDLC substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the PDLC is different from the optical index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle. 19. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the liquid crystal of the angularly selective diffusive combiner is aligned at a tilt angle such that the index of refraction of the PDLC substantially matches the index of refraction of the polymer for light normally incident to the first and second surfaces and the index of refraction of the PDLC is different from the optical index of refraction of the polymer for light incident to the first and second surfaces at an angle. 20. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 16, wherein the first material is porous having vertically aligned pores and the second material is a liquid crystal filling the vertically aligned pores and having liquid crystal aligned along the pores. 21. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 16, wherein the first material is porous having vertically aligned pores and the second material is a liquid crystal filling the vertically aligned pores and having liquid crystal aligned along major axes of the pores. 22. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the liquid crystal has at least one of a positive and a negative dielectric anisotropy. 23. The angularly selective diffusive combiner of claim 17, wherein the second material comprises an anisotropic material, and wherein the second material is dispersed in the first material and aligned within the first material at a predetermined angle with respect to a major surface of the angularly selective diffusive combiner. 24. A method of forming an angularly selective diffusive combiner, the method comprising:
providing a porous film; infiltrating the porous film with liquid crystal; and aligning a liquid crystal director of the liquid crystal along a predetermined axis. | 2,400 |
339,883 | 16,800,839 | 2,435 | This invention generally relates to a method for producing steel parts by creating multiphase microstructures within the steel parts. Typically, the microstructures comprise low-stress martensite with increased ductility and stabilized retained austenite. The microstructures may be formed by cooling the steel parts to a temperature around the martensite start temperature (Ms) and subsequently holding the steel part at a temperature around the Ms in order to equalize the temperature throughout the steel part. Afterwards, the formation of the microstructures and the desired properties is completed by subjecting the steel part to a final cooling in still air. | 1. A method for producing steel parts by creating a multiphase structure comprising low-stress martensite with increased ductility and stabilized retained austenite, wherein the method comprises:
(a) at least partially quenching a steel part in a quenching bath to thereby cool the surface of the steel part from a temperature in the austenite region to a temperature below the martensite start temperature (“Ms”),
wherein the temperature of the surface of the steel part decreases by 5 to 50% of the interval between the Ms and martensite finish temperature (“Mf”),
wherein the temperature of the interior of the steel part is maintained above the Ms,
(b) equalizing temperature throughout the steel part to the Ms in equipment that maintains the Ms; (c) removing the steel part from the equipment; and (d) cooling the steel part to ambient temperature to thereby form a finished steel part comprising said multiphase structure. 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein, during said quenching, the steel part is repeatedly immersed in and removed from the quenching bath. 3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the temperature of the quenching bath is maintained at the Ms +/−50% of the interval between the Ms and Mf below the Ms for the steel part. 4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the quenching bath comprises a protective atmosphere. | This invention generally relates to a method for producing steel parts by creating multiphase microstructures within the steel parts. Typically, the microstructures comprise low-stress martensite with increased ductility and stabilized retained austenite. The microstructures may be formed by cooling the steel parts to a temperature around the martensite start temperature (Ms) and subsequently holding the steel part at a temperature around the Ms in order to equalize the temperature throughout the steel part. Afterwards, the formation of the microstructures and the desired properties is completed by subjecting the steel part to a final cooling in still air.1. A method for producing steel parts by creating a multiphase structure comprising low-stress martensite with increased ductility and stabilized retained austenite, wherein the method comprises:
(a) at least partially quenching a steel part in a quenching bath to thereby cool the surface of the steel part from a temperature in the austenite region to a temperature below the martensite start temperature (“Ms”),
wherein the temperature of the surface of the steel part decreases by 5 to 50% of the interval between the Ms and martensite finish temperature (“Mf”),
wherein the temperature of the interior of the steel part is maintained above the Ms,
(b) equalizing temperature throughout the steel part to the Ms in equipment that maintains the Ms; (c) removing the steel part from the equipment; and (d) cooling the steel part to ambient temperature to thereby form a finished steel part comprising said multiphase structure. 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein, during said quenching, the steel part is repeatedly immersed in and removed from the quenching bath. 3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the temperature of the quenching bath is maintained at the Ms +/−50% of the interval between the Ms and Mf below the Ms for the steel part. 4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the quenching bath comprises a protective atmosphere. | 2,400 |
339,884 | 16,800,854 | 3,619 | A method is provided. The method includes one or more of establishing a card account for a consumer, determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer, determining an available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, approving one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than the available spending limit, selecting, by a-user interface control, the transfer balance including a portion of the available spending limit to transfer to a designated account, transferring the transfer balance to the designated account, crediting, by an employer server, a primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response transferring an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday and adjusting the available spending limit. | 1. A method comprising:
establishing a card account for a consumer: determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determining, by the banking server, an available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; approving, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than the available spending limit; selecting, by a-user interface control, the transfer balance comprising a portion of the available spending limit to transfer to a designated account; transferring the transfer balance to the designated account; crediting, by an employer server, a primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response:
transferring, by the banking server, an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday, the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; and
adjusting, by the banking server, the available spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the card account comprises the secondary account, the method further comprising:
applying the transferred amount corresponding to the portion of the purchase balance to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount equal to the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period corresponding to the payday. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
notifying the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receiving, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transferring the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 8. A system, comprising:
a network; a merchant device, coupled to the network, configured to perform one or more purchase transactions for a consumer using a card account; a secondary account, coupled to the network; a consumer device, coupled to the network, comprising:
a user interface comprising:
a payment selection slider configured to allow the consumer to select a transfer balance comprising a portion of an available spending limit to transfer to a designated account;
a banking server, coupled to the network, configured to:
receive payment instructions related to the consumer;
calculate consumer wage earnings from the payment instructions; and
approve the one or more purchase transactions not greater than the available spending limit for the card account, the available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance for the card account and the transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and the fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the consumer wage earnings; and
receive the transfer balance from the consumer device, and in response:
reduce the available spending limit by the transfer balance; and
an employer server, coupled to the network, configured to:
transfer the consumer wage earnings to a primary account on a payday; and
in response to the employer server configured to transfer the consumer wage earnings, the banking server is further configured to:
transfer an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday;
transfer up to a card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card statement due date; and
adjust the available spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the card account comprises the secondary account, and wherein the banking server is further configured to:
apply the transferred amount corresponding to the portion of the purchase balance to the card account on or before the card statement due date. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the amount equal to the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period that corresponds to the payday. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average consumer wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 12. The system of claim 8, the banking server being further configured to:
establish the card account for the consumer; authorize transfers from the primary account to the secondary account, the primary account storing wage earnings for the consumer, and the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for paying the card account statement balance; set a credit limit for the card account; determine an available spending limit for the card account; and adjust the available spending limit based on the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, the purchase balance, and the secondary account balance. 13. The system of claim 8, further comprising:
the consumer device, coupled to the network, comprising an application configured to display one or more of:
the available spending limit;
a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; and
a date of a next payday. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the banking server is further configured to:
provide a notification to the consumer device of the current purchase balance; receive, from the consumer device, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at the end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before the card statement due date. 15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium configured to store instructions that when executed cause a processor to:
establish a card account for a consumer; determine, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determine, by the banking server, an available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; approve, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than the available spending limit; select, by a-user interface control, the transfer balance comprising a portion of the available spending limit to transfer to a designated account; transfer the transfer balance to the designated account; credit, by an employer server, a primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response:
transfer, by the banking server, an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday, the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; and
adjust, by the banking server, the available spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
apply the transferred amount corresponding to the portion of the purchase balance to the card account on or before a card account statement due date, wherein the card account comprises the secondary account. 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the amount equal to the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period corresponding to the payday, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
set a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
notify the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receive, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 21. A user interface, comprising:
an available to spend amount for a card account, comprising a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of consumer wage earnings, the available to spend amount initially reflects an amount that may be spent on a credit card; a sliding payment selection control, configured to allow a consumer to select a portion of the available to spend amount to transfer to a designated account, the selected portion ranges from a minimum amount up to the available to spend amount, the sliding payment selection control reflects the minimum amount when the user interface is invoked; a transfer funds control, configured to authorize transfer of the selected portion to a banking server and reduce the available to spend amount by the selected portion. | A method is provided. The method includes one or more of establishing a card account for a consumer, determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer, determining an available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, approving one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than the available spending limit, selecting, by a-user interface control, the transfer balance including a portion of the available spending limit to transfer to a designated account, transferring the transfer balance to the designated account, crediting, by an employer server, a primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response transferring an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday and adjusting the available spending limit.1. A method comprising:
establishing a card account for a consumer: determining, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determining, by the banking server, an available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; approving, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than the available spending limit; selecting, by a-user interface control, the transfer balance comprising a portion of the available spending limit to transfer to a designated account; transferring the transfer balance to the designated account; crediting, by an employer server, a primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response:
transferring, by the banking server, an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday, the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; and
adjusting, by the banking server, the available spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the card account comprises the secondary account, the method further comprising:
applying the transferred amount corresponding to the portion of the purchase balance to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount equal to the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period corresponding to the payday. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
notifying the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receiving, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transferring the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transferring up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 8. A system, comprising:
a network; a merchant device, coupled to the network, configured to perform one or more purchase transactions for a consumer using a card account; a secondary account, coupled to the network; a consumer device, coupled to the network, comprising:
a user interface comprising:
a payment selection slider configured to allow the consumer to select a transfer balance comprising a portion of an available spending limit to transfer to a designated account;
a banking server, coupled to the network, configured to:
receive payment instructions related to the consumer;
calculate consumer wage earnings from the payment instructions; and
approve the one or more purchase transactions not greater than the available spending limit for the card account, the available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance for the card account and the transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and the fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the consumer wage earnings; and
receive the transfer balance from the consumer device, and in response:
reduce the available spending limit by the transfer balance; and
an employer server, coupled to the network, configured to:
transfer the consumer wage earnings to a primary account on a payday; and
in response to the employer server configured to transfer the consumer wage earnings, the banking server is further configured to:
transfer an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday;
transfer up to a card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card statement due date; and
adjust the available spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the card account comprises the secondary account, and wherein the banking server is further configured to:
apply the transferred amount corresponding to the portion of the purchase balance to the card account on or before the card statement due date. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the amount equal to the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period that corresponds to the payday. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average consumer wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 12. The system of claim 8, the banking server being further configured to:
establish the card account for the consumer; authorize transfers from the primary account to the secondary account, the primary account storing wage earnings for the consumer, and the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for paying the card account statement balance; set a credit limit for the card account; determine an available spending limit for the card account; and adjust the available spending limit based on the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, the purchase balance, and the secondary account balance. 13. The system of claim 8, further comprising:
the consumer device, coupled to the network, comprising an application configured to display one or more of:
the available spending limit;
a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; and
a date of a next payday. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the banking server is further configured to:
provide a notification to the consumer device of the current purchase balance; receive, from the consumer device, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at the end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before the card statement due date. 15. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium configured to store instructions that when executed cause a processor to:
establish a card account for a consumer; determine, by a banking server, wage earnings for the consumer; determine, by the banking server, an available spending limit equal to a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of the wage earnings; approve, by the banking server, one or more purchase transactions for the card account not greater than the available spending limit; select, by a-user interface control, the transfer balance comprising a portion of the available spending limit to transfer to a designated account; transfer the transfer balance to the designated account; credit, by an employer server, a primary account with the wage earnings on a payday, and in response:
transfer, by the banking server, an amount equal to a portion of the sum of the transfer balance and the purchase balance from the primary account to a secondary account on or after the payday, the secondary account comprising a secondary account balance for storing funds to pay a card account statement balance; and
adjust, by the banking server, the available spending limit based on the total accrued fractional earnings, the purchase balance, the transfer balance, and the secondary account balance. 16. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 17. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
apply the transferred amount corresponding to the portion of the purchase balance to the card account on or before a card account statement due date, wherein the card account comprises the secondary account. 18. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the amount equal to the portion of the purchase balance transferred is equal to the lesser of:
a current purchase balance and a sum of fractional earnings of a pay period corresponding to the payday, wherein the predetermined fraction is based on average wage earnings and financial obligations for the consumer. 19. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
set a credit limit for the card account, wherein the available spending limit is based on the purchase balance, the credit limit, a sum of fractional earnings for which the consumer has not been paid, and the secondary account balance. 20. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 15, further configured to store instructions that when executed cause the processor to:
notify the consumer of a current purchase balance based on a difference between the purchase balance and the secondary account balance; receive, from the consumer, a selected payment amount comprising an amount at or between the current purchase balance at an end of a pay period and the current purchase balance on the payday; transfer the selected payment amount from the primary account to the secondary account on or after the payday; and transfer up to the card account statement balance from the secondary account to the card account on or before a card account statement due date. 21. A user interface, comprising:
an available to spend amount for a card account, comprising a spending limit minus a sum of a purchase balance and a transfer balance, the spending limit comprising total accrued fractional earnings, the total accrued fractional earnings comprising a sum of fractional earnings, and fractional earnings comprising a predetermined fraction of consumer wage earnings, the available to spend amount initially reflects an amount that may be spent on a credit card; a sliding payment selection control, configured to allow a consumer to select a portion of the available to spend amount to transfer to a designated account, the selected portion ranges from a minimum amount up to the available to spend amount, the sliding payment selection control reflects the minimum amount when the user interface is invoked; a transfer funds control, configured to authorize transfer of the selected portion to a banking server and reduce the available to spend amount by the selected portion. | 3,600 |
339,885 | 16,800,838 | 3,619 | Systems and methods discussed herein relate to applying models to downhole tool records to identify, sort, and display a subset of available downhole tool records with index information as defined by the models that have a desired relationship with a received input. The received input may be indicative of a particular device, device family, or set of features for a downhole tool. The methods may include identifying, from a set of design information stored in computer-storage media, one or more downhole tool records that correspond to the received input, applying one or more index models to the identified one or more downhole tool records, applying one or more local models to the identified one or more downhole tool records, and displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records, with index information as defined by the one or more index and local models. | 1. A method of selecting a downhole tool, comprising:
receiving input indicative of a particular device, device family, or set of features for a downhole tool; identifying, from a set of design information stored in computer-storage media, one or more downhole tool records that correspond to the received input; applying one or more index models to the identified one or more downhole tool records; applying one or more local models to the identified one or more downhole tool records; and displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records, with index information as defined by the one or more index and local models. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the one or more local models includes receiving the one or more local models from a server and applying the one or more local models at a local device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on whether corresponding index information is similar to, or improved relative to, a baseline associated with the received input. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on whether corresponding physical features are similar to a baseline associated with the received input. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on whether downhole tools corresponding to the one or more downhole tool records are available in inventory. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on a number of historical runs recorded for the particular device or device family. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the particular device is a device bill of materials. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more local models includes applying a model specific to a geographic location where the downhole tool will be used. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more local models includes applying a model specific to a drilling application in which the downhole tool will be used, wherein the drilling application comprises one a straight wellbore, a primary wellbore, a lateral wellbore, or a wellbore drilled with casing/liner. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more local models includes applying at least one aggressiveness model and at least one durability model. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more index models includes updating historical run data in the computer-storage media from a server, and applying the one or more index models to the historical run data to the identified one or more downhole tool records. 12. A computing architecture, comprising:
one or more processors; and more processors, causes the processor to:
identify, from a set of design information stored in computer-storage media, one or more downhole tool records that correspond to received input, wherein the received input is indicative of a particular device, device family, or set of features for a downhole tool;
apply one or more index models to the identified one or more downhole tool records;
apply one or more local models to the identified one or more downhole tool records; and
display at least some of the one or more downhole tool records, with index information as defined by the one or more index and local models. 13. The computing architecture of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are distributed between at least one server and at least one local device. 14. The computing architecture of claim 13, wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises a memory media of the at least one local device, and one or more local models are stored in the memory media of the at least one local device. 15. The computing architecture of claim 12, wherein the one or more local models includes at least one aggressiveness model and at least one durability model. | Systems and methods discussed herein relate to applying models to downhole tool records to identify, sort, and display a subset of available downhole tool records with index information as defined by the models that have a desired relationship with a received input. The received input may be indicative of a particular device, device family, or set of features for a downhole tool. The methods may include identifying, from a set of design information stored in computer-storage media, one or more downhole tool records that correspond to the received input, applying one or more index models to the identified one or more downhole tool records, applying one or more local models to the identified one or more downhole tool records, and displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records, with index information as defined by the one or more index and local models.1. A method of selecting a downhole tool, comprising:
receiving input indicative of a particular device, device family, or set of features for a downhole tool; identifying, from a set of design information stored in computer-storage media, one or more downhole tool records that correspond to the received input; applying one or more index models to the identified one or more downhole tool records; applying one or more local models to the identified one or more downhole tool records; and displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records, with index information as defined by the one or more index and local models. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the one or more local models includes receiving the one or more local models from a server and applying the one or more local models at a local device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on whether corresponding index information is similar to, or improved relative to, a baseline associated with the received input. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on whether corresponding physical features are similar to a baseline associated with the received input. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on whether downhole tools corresponding to the one or more downhole tool records are available in inventory. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein displaying at least some of the one or more downhole tool records includes limiting which records are displayed based on a number of historical runs recorded for the particular device or device family. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the particular device is a device bill of materials. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more local models includes applying a model specific to a geographic location where the downhole tool will be used. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more local models includes applying a model specific to a drilling application in which the downhole tool will be used, wherein the drilling application comprises one a straight wellbore, a primary wellbore, a lateral wellbore, or a wellbore drilled with casing/liner. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more local models includes applying at least one aggressiveness model and at least one durability model. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein applying one or more index models includes updating historical run data in the computer-storage media from a server, and applying the one or more index models to the historical run data to the identified one or more downhole tool records. 12. A computing architecture, comprising:
one or more processors; and more processors, causes the processor to:
identify, from a set of design information stored in computer-storage media, one or more downhole tool records that correspond to received input, wherein the received input is indicative of a particular device, device family, or set of features for a downhole tool;
apply one or more index models to the identified one or more downhole tool records;
apply one or more local models to the identified one or more downhole tool records; and
display at least some of the one or more downhole tool records, with index information as defined by the one or more index and local models. 13. The computing architecture of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are distributed between at least one server and at least one local device. 14. The computing architecture of claim 13, wherein the computer-readable storage media comprises a memory media of the at least one local device, and one or more local models are stored in the memory media of the at least one local device. 15. The computing architecture of claim 12, wherein the one or more local models includes at least one aggressiveness model and at least one durability model. | 3,600 |
339,886 | 16,800,844 | 3,619 | Disclosed are compositions, methods, and kits for performing cell-free RNA transcription and/or cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). The disclosed compositions, methods, and kits include or utilize components prepared from a species of Clostridia such as cellular extracts from Clostridium autoethanogenum. | 1. A cell-free protein synthesis platform for in vitro transcription of mRNA and in vitro translation of polypeptides, the platform comprising as a component a cellular extract prepared from a cell culture of a species of Clostridia. 2. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is Clostridium autoethanogenum. 3. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is engineered to be deficient in a negative effector for cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). 4. The platform of claim 3, wherein the negative effector for CFPS is selected from the group consisting of the Clostridia homolog of E. coli endA, mazF, rna, rnb, rne, gor, lon, ompT, gdhA, gshA, sdaA, sdaB, speA, WaaL, tnaA, glpK, and any combination thereof. 5. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is engineered to express an upregulated gene product that is a positive effector for CFPS. 6. The platform of claim 5, wherein the positive effector for CFPS is selected from the group consisting of the Clostridia homolog of E. coli ackA, ndk, pykF, cdd, dsbC, dnaK, dnaJ, crpE, tig, groS, groL, infA, infB, fusA, efp, lepA, tufB, hslR, ffr, and any combination thereof. 7. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is engineered to be deficient in a release factor 1. 8. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia has been engineered to express T7 RNA polymerase. 9. The platform of claim 1, wherein the cell culture is in stationary phase defined as the cell culture having an OD600 of greater than about 3.0. 10. The platform of claim 1, wherein cellular extract is prepared from cells that are harvested from a continuous cell culture. 11. The platform of claim 1, wherein the cellular extract comprises an S12 fraction and/or S30 fraction of the cell culture. 12. The platform of claim 1 further comprising: a reaction buffer; an RNA polymerase; and a transcription template, wherein the RNA polymerase is capable of transcribing the transcription template to form a translation template and the cellular extract can sustain protein synthesis through a combined transcription/translation reaction. 13. The platform of claim 1 further comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of amino acids, salts, a macromolecular crowding agent, cofactors, an energy source comprising phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)) at a concentration of greater than about 30 mM but less than about 100 mM, a translation template, a transcription template, a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. 14. The platform of claim 1 further comprising magnesium (Mg+) at a concentration greater than about 1 mM, but less than about 60 mM. 15. The platform of claim 1 further comprising potassium (K+) at a concentration greater than about 10 mM, but less than about 500 mM. 16. The platform of claim 1, wherein the platform or one or more components thereof are preserved by freeze-drying. 17. A method for in vitro transcription of mRNA and translation of mRNA to prepare a polypeptide, the method comprising transcribing the mRNA from a transcription template and translating an mRNA in the platform of claim 1. 18. A kit comprising as components: (a) a cellular extract prepared from a cell culture of a species of Clostridia; and (b) a reaction mixture for transcribing and/or translating an mRNA in the cellular extract. 19. A recombinant Clostridium autoethanogenum engineered to be deficient in a negative effector for cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). 20. A method for identifying and characterizing genetic parts of Clostridia and gene expression of Clostridia used for transcription and/or translation, the method comprising:
(a) creating a test library of genetic parts or variant gene sequences of Clostridia; and (b) testing the genetic parts of the test library and/or an alternative codon expressed in the platform of claim 1. | Disclosed are compositions, methods, and kits for performing cell-free RNA transcription and/or cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). The disclosed compositions, methods, and kits include or utilize components prepared from a species of Clostridia such as cellular extracts from Clostridium autoethanogenum.1. A cell-free protein synthesis platform for in vitro transcription of mRNA and in vitro translation of polypeptides, the platform comprising as a component a cellular extract prepared from a cell culture of a species of Clostridia. 2. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is Clostridium autoethanogenum. 3. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is engineered to be deficient in a negative effector for cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). 4. The platform of claim 3, wherein the negative effector for CFPS is selected from the group consisting of the Clostridia homolog of E. coli endA, mazF, rna, rnb, rne, gor, lon, ompT, gdhA, gshA, sdaA, sdaB, speA, WaaL, tnaA, glpK, and any combination thereof. 5. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is engineered to express an upregulated gene product that is a positive effector for CFPS. 6. The platform of claim 5, wherein the positive effector for CFPS is selected from the group consisting of the Clostridia homolog of E. coli ackA, ndk, pykF, cdd, dsbC, dnaK, dnaJ, crpE, tig, groS, groL, infA, infB, fusA, efp, lepA, tufB, hslR, ffr, and any combination thereof. 7. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia is engineered to be deficient in a release factor 1. 8. The platform of claim 1, wherein the species of Clostridia has been engineered to express T7 RNA polymerase. 9. The platform of claim 1, wherein the cell culture is in stationary phase defined as the cell culture having an OD600 of greater than about 3.0. 10. The platform of claim 1, wherein cellular extract is prepared from cells that are harvested from a continuous cell culture. 11. The platform of claim 1, wherein the cellular extract comprises an S12 fraction and/or S30 fraction of the cell culture. 12. The platform of claim 1 further comprising: a reaction buffer; an RNA polymerase; and a transcription template, wherein the RNA polymerase is capable of transcribing the transcription template to form a translation template and the cellular extract can sustain protein synthesis through a combined transcription/translation reaction. 13. The platform of claim 1 further comprising one or more components selected from the group consisting of amino acids, salts, a macromolecular crowding agent, cofactors, an energy source comprising phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)) at a concentration of greater than about 30 mM but less than about 100 mM, a translation template, a transcription template, a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. 14. The platform of claim 1 further comprising magnesium (Mg+) at a concentration greater than about 1 mM, but less than about 60 mM. 15. The platform of claim 1 further comprising potassium (K+) at a concentration greater than about 10 mM, but less than about 500 mM. 16. The platform of claim 1, wherein the platform or one or more components thereof are preserved by freeze-drying. 17. A method for in vitro transcription of mRNA and translation of mRNA to prepare a polypeptide, the method comprising transcribing the mRNA from a transcription template and translating an mRNA in the platform of claim 1. 18. A kit comprising as components: (a) a cellular extract prepared from a cell culture of a species of Clostridia; and (b) a reaction mixture for transcribing and/or translating an mRNA in the cellular extract. 19. A recombinant Clostridium autoethanogenum engineered to be deficient in a negative effector for cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS). 20. A method for identifying and characterizing genetic parts of Clostridia and gene expression of Clostridia used for transcription and/or translation, the method comprising:
(a) creating a test library of genetic parts or variant gene sequences of Clostridia; and (b) testing the genetic parts of the test library and/or an alternative codon expressed in the platform of claim 1. | 3,600 |
339,887 | 16,800,793 | 3,619 | A method for power management in an electronic circuit that comprises a processing system and an RF embedded circuit includes: generating a first regulated voltage with a power regulation module of the RF embedded circuit; generating a second regulated voltage from the first regulated voltage with a first linear regulator of the processing system; and controlling the power regulation module of the RF embedded circuit to operate according to a plurality of operation modes. The operation modes include: a first sleep mode in which a switched-mode power supply of the RF embedded circuit is off and a second linear regulator of the RF embedded circuit is off; a second sleep mode in which a switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on; and a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off. | 1. A method for power management in an electronic circuit that comprises a processing system and a radiofrequency (RF) embedded circuit, wherein the processing system comprises a processing core and a first power regulation module that comprises a first linear regulator, and wherein the RF embedded circuit comprises a second power regulation module comprising a switched-mode power supply and a second linear regulator, the method comprising:
generating a first regulated voltage with the second power regulation module; supplying the first regulated voltage to a first RF circuit of the RF embedded circuit; receiving with the first power regulation module the first regulated voltage from the second power regulation module; generating a second regulated voltage from the first regulated voltage with the first linear regulator; supplying the second regulated voltage to the processing core; and controlling the second power regulation module to operate according to a plurality of operation modes of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the plurality of operation modes comprises:
a first sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is off;
a second sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on;
a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off; and
a first active mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is on. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling the second and third sleep modes with the processing system. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein controlling the second and third sleep modes comprises using a dedicated asynchronous power control interface operating in the processing system, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control interface of the processing system is coupled to a dedicated asynchronous power control bus that is coupled to a corresponding dedicated asynchronous power control interface of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus comprises:
a first signal line to allow the processing system to command the second sleep mode; a second signal line to allow the processing system to command the third sleep mode; a third signal line corresponding to the first signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the second sleep mode; and a fourth signal line corresponding to the second signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the third sleep mode. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus further comprises a fifth signal line to allow a logic module of the processing system to command a power on reset of the RF embedded circuit. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
supplying a first signal to the first signal line by the processing system; receiving the first signal from the first signal line with an OR gate of the RF embedded circuit; generating a ready signal with the OR gate based on the received first signal; enabling the first linear regulator with the ready signal; applying a first delay to the ready signal; applying a second delay to the first signal, the second delay having a value greater than a wake-up time of the second linear regulator; receiving the delayed ready signal and the delayed first signal with an AND gate of the processing system; and drawing power from the first linear regulator by the processing system based on an output of the AND gate. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising forbidding entry in determined modes of operation of the processing system when the RF embedded circuit is in the second or third sleep modes. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
allowing the RF embedded circuit to access directly from a power on reset state the second sleep mode; and forbidding the RF embedded circuit to enter the third sleep mode directly from the power on reset state. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
providing a first digital power supply voltage to the processing system; and providing a second RF power supply voltage to the RF embedded circuit, wherein the second power regulation module generates the first regulated voltage from the second RF power supply voltage, wherein the first digital power supply voltage is lower than or equal to the second RF power supply voltage, and wherein the first regulated voltage is lower than the first digital power supply voltage. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing system comprises a general purpose microcontroller. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first RF circuit is an RF transceiving circuit. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first regulated voltage is between 1.45 V and 1.62 V, and wherein the second regulated voltage is about 1.2 V. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the RF embedded circuit is a lower power low range (LoRa) transceiver. 13. An electronic circuit comprising:
a processing system comprising a processing core and a first power regulation module that comprises a first linear regulator configured to supply a first regulated voltage to the processing core; and a radiofrequency (RF) embedded circuit comprising a second power regulation module configured to supply a second regulated voltage to a first circuit of the RF embedded circuit and to the first linear regulator, the second power regulation module comprising a switched-mode power supply and a second linear regulator, wherein the processing system is configured to control the second power regulation module to operate according to a plurality of operation modes of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the plurality of operation modes comprises:
a first sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is off,
a second sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on,
a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off, and
a first active mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is on. 14. The electronic circuit of claim 13, further comprising a dedicated asynchronous power control bus coupled between the processing system and the RF embedded circuit, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus comprises:
a first signal line to allow the processing system to command the second sleep mode; a second signal line to allow the processing system to command the third sleep mode; a third signal line corresponding to the first signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the second sleep mode; and a fourth signal line corresponding to the second signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the third sleep mode. 15. The electronic circuit of claim 14, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus further comprises a fifth signal line to allow a logic module of the processing system to command a power on reset of the RF embedded circuit. 16. The electronic circuit of claim 14, wherein the embedded RF circuit comprises an OR gate having an input coupled to the first signal line and an output coupled to an enable input of the second linear regulator, and a first delay circuit having an input coupled to the output of the OR gate and an output coupled to the third signal line, and wherein the processing system comprises a second delay circuit having an input coupled to the first signal line, and an AND gate having a first input coupled to an output of the second delay circuit, a second input coupled to the third signal line. 17. The electronic circuit of claim 16, wherein the second delay circuit is configured to apply a second delay having a value greater than a wake-up time of the second linear regulator. 18. The electronic circuit of claim 13, wherein the processing system is a general purpose microcontroller. 19. An apparatus comprising:
a processing system comprising a processing core and a first power regulation module that comprises a first linear regulator configured to supply a first regulated voltage to the processing core; a radiofrequency (RF) embedded circuit comprising a second power regulation module configured to supply a second regulated voltage to a first circuit of the RF embedded circuit and to the first linear regulator, the second power regulation module comprising a switched-mode power supply and a second linear regulator; and
a printed circuit board (PCB) coupled to the processing system and to the RF embedded circuit, the PCB comprising a dedicated asynchronous power control bus coupled between the processing system and the RF embedded circuit, wherein the processing system is configured to control the second power regulation module via the dedicated asynchronous power control bus to operate according to a plurality of operation modes of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the plurality of operation modes comprises:
a first sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is off,
a second sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on,
a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off, and
a first active mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is on. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing system comprises a general purpose microcontroller and the RF embedded circuit comprises an RF transceiver for lower power low range (LoRa) applications. | A method for power management in an electronic circuit that comprises a processing system and an RF embedded circuit includes: generating a first regulated voltage with a power regulation module of the RF embedded circuit; generating a second regulated voltage from the first regulated voltage with a first linear regulator of the processing system; and controlling the power regulation module of the RF embedded circuit to operate according to a plurality of operation modes. The operation modes include: a first sleep mode in which a switched-mode power supply of the RF embedded circuit is off and a second linear regulator of the RF embedded circuit is off; a second sleep mode in which a switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on; and a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off.1. A method for power management in an electronic circuit that comprises a processing system and a radiofrequency (RF) embedded circuit, wherein the processing system comprises a processing core and a first power regulation module that comprises a first linear regulator, and wherein the RF embedded circuit comprises a second power regulation module comprising a switched-mode power supply and a second linear regulator, the method comprising:
generating a first regulated voltage with the second power regulation module; supplying the first regulated voltage to a first RF circuit of the RF embedded circuit; receiving with the first power regulation module the first regulated voltage from the second power regulation module; generating a second regulated voltage from the first regulated voltage with the first linear regulator; supplying the second regulated voltage to the processing core; and controlling the second power regulation module to operate according to a plurality of operation modes of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the plurality of operation modes comprises:
a first sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is off;
a second sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on;
a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off; and
a first active mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is on. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling the second and third sleep modes with the processing system. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein controlling the second and third sleep modes comprises using a dedicated asynchronous power control interface operating in the processing system, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control interface of the processing system is coupled to a dedicated asynchronous power control bus that is coupled to a corresponding dedicated asynchronous power control interface of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus comprises:
a first signal line to allow the processing system to command the second sleep mode; a second signal line to allow the processing system to command the third sleep mode; a third signal line corresponding to the first signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the second sleep mode; and a fourth signal line corresponding to the second signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the third sleep mode. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus further comprises a fifth signal line to allow a logic module of the processing system to command a power on reset of the RF embedded circuit. 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
supplying a first signal to the first signal line by the processing system; receiving the first signal from the first signal line with an OR gate of the RF embedded circuit; generating a ready signal with the OR gate based on the received first signal; enabling the first linear regulator with the ready signal; applying a first delay to the ready signal; applying a second delay to the first signal, the second delay having a value greater than a wake-up time of the second linear regulator; receiving the delayed ready signal and the delayed first signal with an AND gate of the processing system; and drawing power from the first linear regulator by the processing system based on an output of the AND gate. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising forbidding entry in determined modes of operation of the processing system when the RF embedded circuit is in the second or third sleep modes. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
allowing the RF embedded circuit to access directly from a power on reset state the second sleep mode; and forbidding the RF embedded circuit to enter the third sleep mode directly from the power on reset state. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
providing a first digital power supply voltage to the processing system; and providing a second RF power supply voltage to the RF embedded circuit, wherein the second power regulation module generates the first regulated voltage from the second RF power supply voltage, wherein the first digital power supply voltage is lower than or equal to the second RF power supply voltage, and wherein the first regulated voltage is lower than the first digital power supply voltage. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing system comprises a general purpose microcontroller. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first RF circuit is an RF transceiving circuit. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first regulated voltage is between 1.45 V and 1.62 V, and wherein the second regulated voltage is about 1.2 V. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the RF embedded circuit is a lower power low range (LoRa) transceiver. 13. An electronic circuit comprising:
a processing system comprising a processing core and a first power regulation module that comprises a first linear regulator configured to supply a first regulated voltage to the processing core; and a radiofrequency (RF) embedded circuit comprising a second power regulation module configured to supply a second regulated voltage to a first circuit of the RF embedded circuit and to the first linear regulator, the second power regulation module comprising a switched-mode power supply and a second linear regulator, wherein the processing system is configured to control the second power regulation module to operate according to a plurality of operation modes of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the plurality of operation modes comprises:
a first sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is off,
a second sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on,
a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off, and
a first active mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is on. 14. The electronic circuit of claim 13, further comprising a dedicated asynchronous power control bus coupled between the processing system and the RF embedded circuit, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus comprises:
a first signal line to allow the processing system to command the second sleep mode; a second signal line to allow the processing system to command the third sleep mode; a third signal line corresponding to the first signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the second sleep mode; and a fourth signal line corresponding to the second signal line to allow the RF embedded circuit to respond to the processing system when the processing system commands the third sleep mode. 15. The electronic circuit of claim 14, wherein the dedicated asynchronous power control bus further comprises a fifth signal line to allow a logic module of the processing system to command a power on reset of the RF embedded circuit. 16. The electronic circuit of claim 14, wherein the embedded RF circuit comprises an OR gate having an input coupled to the first signal line and an output coupled to an enable input of the second linear regulator, and a first delay circuit having an input coupled to the output of the OR gate and an output coupled to the third signal line, and wherein the processing system comprises a second delay circuit having an input coupled to the first signal line, and an AND gate having a first input coupled to an output of the second delay circuit, a second input coupled to the third signal line. 17. The electronic circuit of claim 16, wherein the second delay circuit is configured to apply a second delay having a value greater than a wake-up time of the second linear regulator. 18. The electronic circuit of claim 13, wherein the processing system is a general purpose microcontroller. 19. An apparatus comprising:
a processing system comprising a processing core and a first power regulation module that comprises a first linear regulator configured to supply a first regulated voltage to the processing core; a radiofrequency (RF) embedded circuit comprising a second power regulation module configured to supply a second regulated voltage to a first circuit of the RF embedded circuit and to the first linear regulator, the second power regulation module comprising a switched-mode power supply and a second linear regulator; and
a printed circuit board (PCB) coupled to the processing system and to the RF embedded circuit, the PCB comprising a dedicated asynchronous power control bus coupled between the processing system and the RF embedded circuit, wherein the processing system is configured to control the second power regulation module via the dedicated asynchronous power control bus to operate according to a plurality of operation modes of the RF embedded circuit, wherein the plurality of operation modes comprises:
a first sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is off,
a second sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is off and the second linear regulator is on,
a third sleep mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is off, and
a first active mode in which the switched-mode power supply is on and the second linear regulator is on. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing system comprises a general purpose microcontroller and the RF embedded circuit comprises an RF transceiver for lower power low range (LoRa) applications. | 3,600 |
339,888 | 16,800,825 | 3,619 | An apparatus for setting a plug in a borehole penetrating a subsurface formation includes a tool mandrel defining a chamber having a port and a power charge disposed in the chamber for emitting a pressurized gas upon ignition. The apparatus also includes an outer sleeve at least partially surrounding the tool mandrel and defining an annulus between the outer sleeve and the tool mandrel where the annulus is in communication with the port. The apparatus further includes a piston disposed in the annulus and having an outer surface facing uphole within the annulus, the piston being in mechanical communication with a setting sleeve of the plug, wherein displacement of the setting sleeve causes setting of a slip and a seal of the plug. | 1. An apparatus for setting a plug in a borehole penetrating a subsurface formation, the apparatus comprising:
a tool mandrel defining a chamber having a port; a power charge disposed in the chamber for emitting a pressurized gas upon ignition; an outer sleeve at least partially surrounding the tool mandrel and defining an annulus between the outer sleeve and the tool mandrel, the annulus being in communication with the port; and a piston disposed in the annulus and having an outer surface facing uphole within the annulus, the piston being in mechanical communication with a setting sleeve of the plug, wherein displacement of the setting sleeve causes setting of a slip and a seal of the plug. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the port is located halfway or greater lengthwise on an uphole side of the chamber. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the location of the port is at an uphole end of the chamber. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an igniter proximate to the power charge. 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the igniter is in operable communication with a surface controller. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sensor disposed on the apparatus. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a position sensor, an imager, a radiation detector, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an acoustic sensor, and a gravity sensor. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the piston is integrated with the setting sleeve as one component, the piston and setting sleeve being disconnectable from the tool mandrel such that the piston and setting sleeve when disconnected from the tool mandrel remain with the plug. 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the port is located at a downhole end of the chamber. 10. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a check valve configured to seal an inner bore of the plug. 11. A method for setting a plug in a borehole penetrating a subsurface formation, the method comprising:
conveying a plug setting tool coupled to a plug to a selected location in the borehole; igniting a power charge contained in a chamber in a tool mandrel of the plug setting tool to produce a pressurized gas; flowing the pressurized gas through a port in the chamber to an uphole facing outer surface of a piston disposed in an annulus between the tool mandrel and an outer sleeve, the piston being in mechanical communication with a setting sleeve of the plug; and displacing the piston with the pressurized gas to move the setting sleeve and set the plug. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein flowing the pressurized gas through a port in the chamber comprises flowing the pressurized gas through a port located at an uphole end of the chamber. 13. The method according to claim 11, further comprising separating the plug from the plug setting tool. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein piston and the setting sleeve are one component and the method further comprises separating the piston and setting sleeve from the plug setting tool such that the piston and setting sleeve when separated from the plug setting tool remain with the plug. 15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising sealing an inner bore of the plug using a check valve. 16. The method according to claim 11, wherein flowing the pressurized gas through a port in the chamber comprises flowing the pressurized gas through a port located at a downhole end of the chamber. 17. The method according to claim 11, further comprising transmitting a signal from a controller to a power charge igniter in operable communication with the power charge to ignite the power charge. 18. The method according to claim 11, further comprising sensing a parameter using a sensor disposed in the plug setting tool and transmitting sensed data to a surface device. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the parameter is correlated to at least one of the selected location and a health of the plus setting tool and/or the plug. | An apparatus for setting a plug in a borehole penetrating a subsurface formation includes a tool mandrel defining a chamber having a port and a power charge disposed in the chamber for emitting a pressurized gas upon ignition. The apparatus also includes an outer sleeve at least partially surrounding the tool mandrel and defining an annulus between the outer sleeve and the tool mandrel where the annulus is in communication with the port. The apparatus further includes a piston disposed in the annulus and having an outer surface facing uphole within the annulus, the piston being in mechanical communication with a setting sleeve of the plug, wherein displacement of the setting sleeve causes setting of a slip and a seal of the plug.1. An apparatus for setting a plug in a borehole penetrating a subsurface formation, the apparatus comprising:
a tool mandrel defining a chamber having a port; a power charge disposed in the chamber for emitting a pressurized gas upon ignition; an outer sleeve at least partially surrounding the tool mandrel and defining an annulus between the outer sleeve and the tool mandrel, the annulus being in communication with the port; and a piston disposed in the annulus and having an outer surface facing uphole within the annulus, the piston being in mechanical communication with a setting sleeve of the plug, wherein displacement of the setting sleeve causes setting of a slip and a seal of the plug. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the port is located halfway or greater lengthwise on an uphole side of the chamber. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the location of the port is at an uphole end of the chamber. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an igniter proximate to the power charge. 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the igniter is in operable communication with a surface controller. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sensor disposed on the apparatus. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the sensor comprises at least one of a position sensor, an imager, a radiation detector, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an acoustic sensor, and a gravity sensor. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the piston is integrated with the setting sleeve as one component, the piston and setting sleeve being disconnectable from the tool mandrel such that the piston and setting sleeve when disconnected from the tool mandrel remain with the plug. 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the port is located at a downhole end of the chamber. 10. The apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a check valve configured to seal an inner bore of the plug. 11. A method for setting a plug in a borehole penetrating a subsurface formation, the method comprising:
conveying a plug setting tool coupled to a plug to a selected location in the borehole; igniting a power charge contained in a chamber in a tool mandrel of the plug setting tool to produce a pressurized gas; flowing the pressurized gas through a port in the chamber to an uphole facing outer surface of a piston disposed in an annulus between the tool mandrel and an outer sleeve, the piston being in mechanical communication with a setting sleeve of the plug; and displacing the piston with the pressurized gas to move the setting sleeve and set the plug. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein flowing the pressurized gas through a port in the chamber comprises flowing the pressurized gas through a port located at an uphole end of the chamber. 13. The method according to claim 11, further comprising separating the plug from the plug setting tool. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein piston and the setting sleeve are one component and the method further comprises separating the piston and setting sleeve from the plug setting tool such that the piston and setting sleeve when separated from the plug setting tool remain with the plug. 15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising sealing an inner bore of the plug using a check valve. 16. The method according to claim 11, wherein flowing the pressurized gas through a port in the chamber comprises flowing the pressurized gas through a port located at a downhole end of the chamber. 17. The method according to claim 11, further comprising transmitting a signal from a controller to a power charge igniter in operable communication with the power charge to ignite the power charge. 18. The method according to claim 11, further comprising sensing a parameter using a sensor disposed in the plug setting tool and transmitting sensed data to a surface device. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the parameter is correlated to at least one of the selected location and a health of the plus setting tool and/or the plug. | 3,600 |
339,889 | 16,800,818 | 3,619 | Provided are a disease prediction apparatus and a disease prediction method using the same, which may easily learn a biosignal, may easily make a diagnosis, and may perform analysis in real time, in order to determine a disease using a biosignal via deep learning. | 1. An apparatus for predicting a disease, the apparatus comprising:
a vector table obtaining unit configured to obtain a vector table including N-dimensional vectors, the N-dimensional vector being obtained by expressing a learning biosignal as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition, and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors; an extraction unit configured to extract a learning vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors; and a prediction unit configured to predict a disease of a predetermined person by comparing the learning vector with a predetermined person vector extracted from a biosignal of the predetermined person 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vector table obtaining unit is configured to obtain a predetermined person vector table including N-dimensional vectors, the N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing the biosignal of the predetermined person as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition, and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors,
wherein the extraction unit is configured to extract the predetermined person vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors in the predetermined person vector table, and wherein the prediction unit is configured to predict a disease of the predetermined person by comparing the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the prediction unit is configured to predict a disease of the predetermined person, based on an angle between the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the learning vector includes a patient learning vector and a non-patient learning vector. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the prediction unit is configured to determined that the predetermined person has a disease when an angle between the predetermined person vector and the non-patient learning vector is greater than an angle between the predetermined person vector and the patient learning vector. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the vector table obtaining unit is configured to obtain a time-based predetermined person vector table including N-dimensional vectors, N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing the predetermined person biosignal from a first time to a second time as multiple symbols, and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors;
wherein the extraction unit is configured to extract a time-based predetermined person vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors in the time-based predetermined person vector table, and wherein the prediction unit is configured to determine an angle between the time-based predetermined person vector and the learning vector is less than a predetermined threshold angle over time. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the time-based predetermined person vector oscillates between the patient learning vector and the non-patient learning vector during a time period from the first time and the second time, and
wherein the prediction unit is configured to determine that the predetermined person has a disease when a distance between the time-based predetermined person vector and the patient learning vector is shorter than a distance between the time-based predetermined person vector and the non-patient learning vector during the time period from the first time and the second time. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a unit determination unit configured to segment the learning biosignal and the predetermined person biosignal according to a predetermined unit size according to a predetermined condition; and a symbol determination unit configured to assign a symbol to each predetermined unit. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a number of symbols increases as the unit size increases. 10. A method of predicting a disease, the method comprising:
obtaining a vector table including N-dimensional vectors, N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing a learning biosignal as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors; extracting a learning vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors; obtaining a predetermined person vector table including N-dimensional vectors, N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing a biosignal of a predetermined person as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors; extracting a predetermined person vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors; and predicting a disease of the predetermined person by comparing the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the predicting comprises:
predicting a disease of the predetermined person, based on an angle between the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the extracting the learning vector comprises:
extracting a patient learning vector and a non-patient learning vector. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the predicting comprises:
determining that the predetermined person has a disease when an angle between the predetermined person vector and the non-patient learning vector is greater than an angle between the predetermined person vector and the patient learning vector. | Provided are a disease prediction apparatus and a disease prediction method using the same, which may easily learn a biosignal, may easily make a diagnosis, and may perform analysis in real time, in order to determine a disease using a biosignal via deep learning.1. An apparatus for predicting a disease, the apparatus comprising:
a vector table obtaining unit configured to obtain a vector table including N-dimensional vectors, the N-dimensional vector being obtained by expressing a learning biosignal as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition, and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors; an extraction unit configured to extract a learning vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors; and a prediction unit configured to predict a disease of a predetermined person by comparing the learning vector with a predetermined person vector extracted from a biosignal of the predetermined person 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vector table obtaining unit is configured to obtain a predetermined person vector table including N-dimensional vectors, the N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing the biosignal of the predetermined person as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition, and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors,
wherein the extraction unit is configured to extract the predetermined person vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors in the predetermined person vector table, and wherein the prediction unit is configured to predict a disease of the predetermined person by comparing the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the prediction unit is configured to predict a disease of the predetermined person, based on an angle between the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the learning vector includes a patient learning vector and a non-patient learning vector. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the prediction unit is configured to determined that the predetermined person has a disease when an angle between the predetermined person vector and the non-patient learning vector is greater than an angle between the predetermined person vector and the patient learning vector. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the vector table obtaining unit is configured to obtain a time-based predetermined person vector table including N-dimensional vectors, N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing the predetermined person biosignal from a first time to a second time as multiple symbols, and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors;
wherein the extraction unit is configured to extract a time-based predetermined person vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors in the time-based predetermined person vector table, and wherein the prediction unit is configured to determine an angle between the time-based predetermined person vector and the learning vector is less than a predetermined threshold angle over time. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the time-based predetermined person vector oscillates between the patient learning vector and the non-patient learning vector during a time period from the first time and the second time, and
wherein the prediction unit is configured to determine that the predetermined person has a disease when a distance between the time-based predetermined person vector and the patient learning vector is shorter than a distance between the time-based predetermined person vector and the non-patient learning vector during the time period from the first time and the second time. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a unit determination unit configured to segment the learning biosignal and the predetermined person biosignal according to a predetermined unit size according to a predetermined condition; and a symbol determination unit configured to assign a symbol to each predetermined unit. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a number of symbols increases as the unit size increases. 10. A method of predicting a disease, the method comprising:
obtaining a vector table including N-dimensional vectors, N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing a learning biosignal as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors; extracting a learning vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors; obtaining a predetermined person vector table including N-dimensional vectors, N-dimensional vectors being obtained by expressing a biosignal of a predetermined person as multiple symbols according to a predetermined condition and respectively expressing the multiple symbols as N-dimensional vectors; extracting a predetermined person vector by summing the N-dimensional vectors; and predicting a disease of the predetermined person by comparing the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the predicting comprises:
predicting a disease of the predetermined person, based on an angle between the learning vector and the predetermined person vector. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the extracting the learning vector comprises:
extracting a patient learning vector and a non-patient learning vector. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the predicting comprises:
determining that the predetermined person has a disease when an angle between the predetermined person vector and the non-patient learning vector is greater than an angle between the predetermined person vector and the patient learning vector. | 3,600 |
339,890 | 16,800,822 | 3,619 | Systems and methods for managing pain in patient are described. A system may include sensors configured to sense physiological or functional signals, and a pain analyzer to generate signal metrics from the physiological or functional signals. The pain analyzer also generates weight factors corresponding to the signal metrics. The weight factors may indicate the signal metrics reliability in representing an intensity of the pain. The pain analyzer generates a pain score using a plurality of signal metrics and a plurality of weight factors. The pain score may be output to a user or a process. The system may additionally include an electrostimulator to generate and deliver closed-loop pain therapy according to the pain score. | 1. A system for managing pain in a patient, the system comprising:
an analyzer circuit configured to:
generate a plurality of signal metrics using one or more physiological or functional signals sensed from the patient; and
generate a score using the plurality of signal metrics weighted by respective weight factors; and
a controller circuit configured to initiate or adjust a pain therapy based on the generated score. 2. The system of claim 1, comprising a therapy circuit configured to deliver the pain therapy including an electrostimulation therapy. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller circuit is configured to control the therapy circuit to deliver a first electrostimulation therapy if the generated score is above a threshold, and to control the therapy circuit to deliver a second electrostimulation therapy if the generated score is below the threshold,
wherein the first electrostimulation therapy has higher stimulation energy than the second electrostimulation therapy. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein:
the analyzer circuit is configured to assess pain relief in the patient in response to the delivery of the pain therapy; and the controller circuit is configured to determine or adjust the pain therapy based on the assessment of pain relief. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the controller circuit is further configured to determine or adjust one or more of the weight factors based on the assessment of pain relief. 6. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller circuit is configured to determine or adjust a stimulation parameter for the electrostimulation therapy based on the generated score. 7. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller circuit is configured to determine or adjust a stimulation electrode configuration for the electrostimulation therapy based on the generated score. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to select a subset of the plurality of signal metrics based on respective temporal response profiles each including a transient state response and a steady state response, and to generate the score using the selected subset of signal metrics. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to select a first subset of signal metrics to compute a first score for an onset of pain, and to select a second subset of signal metrics to compute a second score after the onset of pain,
wherein first subset of signal metrics have shorter transient state response than the second subset of signal metrics. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the generated score is associated with a pain level. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to, for at least one of the plurality of signal metrics, determine or adjust a corresponding weight factor based on a signal metric sensitivity representing a rate of change of the at least one signal metric in response to a change in pain scale. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to, for at least one of the plurality of signal metrics, determine or adjust a corresponding weight factor based on a signal metric variability representing variation of measurements of the at least one signal metric at a given pain scale. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signal metrics used for generating the score including signal metrics generated from at least one physiological signal and at least one functional signal. 14. A method for managing pain in a patient using an implantable neuromodulator device (IND), the method comprising:
receiving one or more physiological or functional signals sensed from the patient; generating a plurality of signal metrics using the one or more physiological or functional signals; generating a score using the plurality of signal metrics weighted by respective weight factors; and initiating or adjusting a pain therapy based on the generated score. 15. The method of claim 14, comprising:
delivering a first electrostimulation therapy via the IND if the generated score is above a threshold; and delivering a second electrostimulation therapy via the IND if the generated score is below the threshold, the first electrostimulation therapy having higher stimulation energy than the second electrostimulation therapy. 16. The method of claim 14, comprising:
determining pain relief in the patient in response to the delivery of the pain therapy; and determining or adjust the pain therapy based on the pain relief 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the pain therapy includes electrostimulation therapy, and the initiating or adjusting a pain therapy includes determining or adjusting a stimulation parameter value or a stimulation electrode configuration for the electrostimulation therapy based on the generated score. 18. The method of claim 14, comprising:
selecting a subset of the plurality of signal metrics based on respective temporal response profiles each including a transient state response and a steady state response; and generating the score using the selected subset of signal metrics. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein:
selecting the subset of the plurality of signal metrics includes selecting a first subset of signal metrics and a different second subset of signal metrics, the first subset of signal metrics having a shorter transient state response than the second subset of signal metrics; and generating the score includes generating a first score for an onset of pain using the fist subset of signal metrics, and a second score after the onset of pain using the second subset of signal metrics. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the generated score is associated with a pain level. | Systems and methods for managing pain in patient are described. A system may include sensors configured to sense physiological or functional signals, and a pain analyzer to generate signal metrics from the physiological or functional signals. The pain analyzer also generates weight factors corresponding to the signal metrics. The weight factors may indicate the signal metrics reliability in representing an intensity of the pain. The pain analyzer generates a pain score using a plurality of signal metrics and a plurality of weight factors. The pain score may be output to a user or a process. The system may additionally include an electrostimulator to generate and deliver closed-loop pain therapy according to the pain score.1. A system for managing pain in a patient, the system comprising:
an analyzer circuit configured to:
generate a plurality of signal metrics using one or more physiological or functional signals sensed from the patient; and
generate a score using the plurality of signal metrics weighted by respective weight factors; and
a controller circuit configured to initiate or adjust a pain therapy based on the generated score. 2. The system of claim 1, comprising a therapy circuit configured to deliver the pain therapy including an electrostimulation therapy. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller circuit is configured to control the therapy circuit to deliver a first electrostimulation therapy if the generated score is above a threshold, and to control the therapy circuit to deliver a second electrostimulation therapy if the generated score is below the threshold,
wherein the first electrostimulation therapy has higher stimulation energy than the second electrostimulation therapy. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein:
the analyzer circuit is configured to assess pain relief in the patient in response to the delivery of the pain therapy; and the controller circuit is configured to determine or adjust the pain therapy based on the assessment of pain relief. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the controller circuit is further configured to determine or adjust one or more of the weight factors based on the assessment of pain relief. 6. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller circuit is configured to determine or adjust a stimulation parameter for the electrostimulation therapy based on the generated score. 7. The system of claim 2, wherein the controller circuit is configured to determine or adjust a stimulation electrode configuration for the electrostimulation therapy based on the generated score. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to select a subset of the plurality of signal metrics based on respective temporal response profiles each including a transient state response and a steady state response, and to generate the score using the selected subset of signal metrics. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to select a first subset of signal metrics to compute a first score for an onset of pain, and to select a second subset of signal metrics to compute a second score after the onset of pain,
wherein first subset of signal metrics have shorter transient state response than the second subset of signal metrics. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the generated score is associated with a pain level. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to, for at least one of the plurality of signal metrics, determine or adjust a corresponding weight factor based on a signal metric sensitivity representing a rate of change of the at least one signal metric in response to a change in pain scale. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the analyzer circuit is configured to, for at least one of the plurality of signal metrics, determine or adjust a corresponding weight factor based on a signal metric variability representing variation of measurements of the at least one signal metric at a given pain scale. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of signal metrics used for generating the score including signal metrics generated from at least one physiological signal and at least one functional signal. 14. A method for managing pain in a patient using an implantable neuromodulator device (IND), the method comprising:
receiving one or more physiological or functional signals sensed from the patient; generating a plurality of signal metrics using the one or more physiological or functional signals; generating a score using the plurality of signal metrics weighted by respective weight factors; and initiating or adjusting a pain therapy based on the generated score. 15. The method of claim 14, comprising:
delivering a first electrostimulation therapy via the IND if the generated score is above a threshold; and delivering a second electrostimulation therapy via the IND if the generated score is below the threshold, the first electrostimulation therapy having higher stimulation energy than the second electrostimulation therapy. 16. The method of claim 14, comprising:
determining pain relief in the patient in response to the delivery of the pain therapy; and determining or adjust the pain therapy based on the pain relief 17. The method of claim 14, wherein the pain therapy includes electrostimulation therapy, and the initiating or adjusting a pain therapy includes determining or adjusting a stimulation parameter value or a stimulation electrode configuration for the electrostimulation therapy based on the generated score. 18. The method of claim 14, comprising:
selecting a subset of the plurality of signal metrics based on respective temporal response profiles each including a transient state response and a steady state response; and generating the score using the selected subset of signal metrics. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein:
selecting the subset of the plurality of signal metrics includes selecting a first subset of signal metrics and a different second subset of signal metrics, the first subset of signal metrics having a shorter transient state response than the second subset of signal metrics; and generating the score includes generating a first score for an onset of pain using the fist subset of signal metrics, and a second score after the onset of pain using the second subset of signal metrics. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein the generated score is associated with a pain level. | 3,600 |
339,891 | 16,800,859 | 3,619 | A variable stiffness vibration damping device includes a first support member, a second support member, a pair of main elastic members, a partition elastic member, a first communication passage, a pair of first radial walls, a second communication passage, a coil, a yoke, and a magnetic fluid. The second support member includes an axial portion. The first communication passage is provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber communicate via the first communication passage. The pair of first radial walls partition one of the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber into a pair of third liquid chambers. The second communication passage is provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the pair of third liquid chambers communicate via the second communication passage. | 1. A variable stiffness vibration damping device, comprising:
an annular first support member defining an inner hole therein; a second support member including an axial portion penetrating through the inner hole of the first support member in an axial direction and a pair of outer flanges provided at both ends in the axial direction of the axial portion and spaced from the first support member at a prescribed interval in the axial direction; a pair of annular main elastic members connecting the first support member and each of the pair of outer flanges and defining a liquid chamber around the axial portion; an annular partition elastic member connecting an inner circumferential portion of the first support member and an outer circumferential portion of the axial portion and partitioning the liquid chamber into a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber; a first communication passage provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the first communication passage, the first communication passage including a first circumferential passage extending in a circumferential direction; a pair of first radial walls made of elastic materials and partitioning one of the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber into a pair of third liquid chambers opposed to each other in a first radial direction with the axial portion therebetween; a second communication passage provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the pair of third liquid chambers communicate with each other via the second communication passage, the second communication passage including a second circumferential passage extending in the circumferential direction; at least one coil wound coaxially with and provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion; a yoke included in the one of the first support member and the axial portion and configured to form a magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage; and a magnetic fluid filling the first liquid chamber, the second liquid chamber, the first communication passage, and the second communication passage. 2. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first support member is provided with the first communication passage, the second communication passage, the at least one coil, and the yoke. 3. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage are provided in the first support member in a circumferential range larger than 180°. 4. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage are located on an outer circumferential side of the at least one coil. 5. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one coil includes:
a first coil adjacent to the first circumferential passage; and a second coil adjacent to the second circumferential passage, and the yoke includes: a first yoke configured to form a first magnetic gap at least partially overlapping with the first circumferential passage; and a second yoke configured to form a second magnetic gap at least partially overlapping with the second circumferential passage. 6. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein one of the first coil and the second coil is located on an outer circumferential side of another of the first coil and the second coil, and
the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage are located between the first coil and the second coil. 7. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein the first yoke and the second yoke include a portion common to each other, and
the first coil and the second coil are configured to generate magnetic fields in directions opposite to each other. 8. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a pair of second radial walls made of elastic materials and partitioning another of the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber into a pair of fourth liquid chambers opposed to each other in a second radial direction crossing the first radial direction with the axial portion therebetween; and a third communication passage provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the pair of fourth liquid chambers communicate with each other via the third communication passage, the third communication passage including a third circumferential passage extending in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic gap overlaps at least partially with the third circumferential passage. 9. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the axial portion has a through hole penetrating therethrough in the axial direction. 10. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the partition elastic member is located at least partially in the inner hole of the first support member and extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction. 11. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the yoke includes:
a passage forming member forming the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage; and a pair of stacked members stacked in the axial direction with the passage forming member therebetween, and magnetic permeability of the passage forming member is lower than that of the pair of stacked members. | A variable stiffness vibration damping device includes a first support member, a second support member, a pair of main elastic members, a partition elastic member, a first communication passage, a pair of first radial walls, a second communication passage, a coil, a yoke, and a magnetic fluid. The second support member includes an axial portion. The first communication passage is provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber communicate via the first communication passage. The pair of first radial walls partition one of the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber into a pair of third liquid chambers. The second communication passage is provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the pair of third liquid chambers communicate via the second communication passage.1. A variable stiffness vibration damping device, comprising:
an annular first support member defining an inner hole therein; a second support member including an axial portion penetrating through the inner hole of the first support member in an axial direction and a pair of outer flanges provided at both ends in the axial direction of the axial portion and spaced from the first support member at a prescribed interval in the axial direction; a pair of annular main elastic members connecting the first support member and each of the pair of outer flanges and defining a liquid chamber around the axial portion; an annular partition elastic member connecting an inner circumferential portion of the first support member and an outer circumferential portion of the axial portion and partitioning the liquid chamber into a first liquid chamber and a second liquid chamber; a first communication passage provided in one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber communicate with each other via the first communication passage, the first communication passage including a first circumferential passage extending in a circumferential direction; a pair of first radial walls made of elastic materials and partitioning one of the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber into a pair of third liquid chambers opposed to each other in a first radial direction with the axial portion therebetween; a second communication passage provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the pair of third liquid chambers communicate with each other via the second communication passage, the second communication passage including a second circumferential passage extending in the circumferential direction; at least one coil wound coaxially with and provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion; a yoke included in the one of the first support member and the axial portion and configured to form a magnetic gap overlapping at least partially with the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage; and a magnetic fluid filling the first liquid chamber, the second liquid chamber, the first communication passage, and the second communication passage. 2. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first support member is provided with the first communication passage, the second communication passage, the at least one coil, and the yoke. 3. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage are provided in the first support member in a circumferential range larger than 180°. 4. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage are located on an outer circumferential side of the at least one coil. 5. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one coil includes:
a first coil adjacent to the first circumferential passage; and a second coil adjacent to the second circumferential passage, and the yoke includes: a first yoke configured to form a first magnetic gap at least partially overlapping with the first circumferential passage; and a second yoke configured to form a second magnetic gap at least partially overlapping with the second circumferential passage. 6. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein one of the first coil and the second coil is located on an outer circumferential side of another of the first coil and the second coil, and
the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage are located between the first coil and the second coil. 7. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein the first yoke and the second yoke include a portion common to each other, and
the first coil and the second coil are configured to generate magnetic fields in directions opposite to each other. 8. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a pair of second radial walls made of elastic materials and partitioning another of the first liquid chamber and the second liquid chamber into a pair of fourth liquid chambers opposed to each other in a second radial direction crossing the first radial direction with the axial portion therebetween; and a third communication passage provided in the one of the first support member and the axial portion such that the pair of fourth liquid chambers communicate with each other via the third communication passage, the third communication passage including a third circumferential passage extending in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic gap overlaps at least partially with the third circumferential passage. 9. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the axial portion has a through hole penetrating therethrough in the axial direction. 10. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the partition elastic member is located at least partially in the inner hole of the first support member and extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction. 11. The variable stiffness vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the yoke includes:
a passage forming member forming the first circumferential passage and the second circumferential passage; and a pair of stacked members stacked in the axial direction with the passage forming member therebetween, and magnetic permeability of the passage forming member is lower than that of the pair of stacked members. | 3,600 |
339,892 | 16,800,845 | 3,619 | In-vehicle payment system and method are provided. The in-vehicle payment system includes a first communication device configured to communicate with a payment terminal, a payment device configured to providing payment form information, and a body controller configured to, when receiving payment information from the payment terminal, perform payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information. | 1. An in-vehicle payment system comprising:
a first communication device configured to communicate with a payment terminal; a payment device configured to provide payment form information; and a body controller configured to, when receiving payment information from the payment terminal, perform payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information. 2. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the first communication device is configured to communicate with an ultra wide band (UWB) communication 3. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 2, wherein the first communication device is configured to communicate with at least one of Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), or low frequency (LF) communication. 4. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the body controller is configured to:
measure a vehicle position via the first communication device; and output the payment information to a user interface when an error between the vehicle position and a predetermined position is within a tolerance range. 5. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 4, wherein the predetermined position is one of a refueling available position, a parking available position, or a position for receiving an ordered item. 6. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 4, wherein the body controller is configured to perform advance payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information when the error between the vehicle position and the predetermined position is out of the tolerance range and within a secure communication available range. 7. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises:
a second communication device configured to communicate with a mobile terminal via a wireless communication. 8. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 7, wherein the body controller is configured to obtain the payment form information from the mobile terminal via the second communication device. 9. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the body controller is configured to perform the payment processing at a time point when at least one of refueling completion, leaving of a parking lot, or receiving an ordered item is satisfied. 10. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the body controller is configured to:
receive a parking fee table and absolute position information of the payment terminal from the payment terminal; and calculate an expected parking fee and a parking position. 11. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 10, wherein the body controller is configured to transmit the expected parking fee and the parking position to a mobile terminal matching the vehicle. 12. An in-vehicle payment method, the method comprising:
receiving, by a body controller, payment information from a payment terminal based on a secure communication; obtaining, by the body controller, payment form information; and performing, by the body controller, payment processing using the payment form information in association with the payment terminal. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the secure communication is an ultra wide band (UWB) communication. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the method further comprises:
measuring, by the body controller, a vehicle position via the secure communication; and outputting the payment information to a user interface when an error between the vehicle position and a predetermined position is within a tolerance range. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the predetermined position is one of a refueling available position, a parking available position, or a position for receiving an ordered item. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein the method further comprises:
when the error between the vehicle position and the predetermined position is out of the tolerance range and within a secure communication available range, performing, by the body controller, advance payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein obtaining the payment form information further comprises:
obtaining the payment form information from a payment device mounted in a vehicle or a mobile terminal of a passenger in the vehicle. 18. The method of claim 12, wherein performing the payment processing further comprises:
performing the payment processing at a time point when at least one of refueling completion, leaving of a parking lot, or receiving an ordered item is satisfied. | In-vehicle payment system and method are provided. The in-vehicle payment system includes a first communication device configured to communicate with a payment terminal, a payment device configured to providing payment form information, and a body controller configured to, when receiving payment information from the payment terminal, perform payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information.1. An in-vehicle payment system comprising:
a first communication device configured to communicate with a payment terminal; a payment device configured to provide payment form information; and a body controller configured to, when receiving payment information from the payment terminal, perform payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information. 2. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the first communication device is configured to communicate with an ultra wide band (UWB) communication 3. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 2, wherein the first communication device is configured to communicate with at least one of Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), or low frequency (LF) communication. 4. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the body controller is configured to:
measure a vehicle position via the first communication device; and output the payment information to a user interface when an error between the vehicle position and a predetermined position is within a tolerance range. 5. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 4, wherein the predetermined position is one of a refueling available position, a parking available position, or a position for receiving an ordered item. 6. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 4, wherein the body controller is configured to perform advance payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information when the error between the vehicle position and the predetermined position is out of the tolerance range and within a secure communication available range. 7. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises:
a second communication device configured to communicate with a mobile terminal via a wireless communication. 8. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 7, wherein the body controller is configured to obtain the payment form information from the mobile terminal via the second communication device. 9. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the body controller is configured to perform the payment processing at a time point when at least one of refueling completion, leaving of a parking lot, or receiving an ordered item is satisfied. 10. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 1, wherein the body controller is configured to:
receive a parking fee table and absolute position information of the payment terminal from the payment terminal; and calculate an expected parking fee and a parking position. 11. The in-vehicle payment system of claim 10, wherein the body controller is configured to transmit the expected parking fee and the parking position to a mobile terminal matching the vehicle. 12. An in-vehicle payment method, the method comprising:
receiving, by a body controller, payment information from a payment terminal based on a secure communication; obtaining, by the body controller, payment form information; and performing, by the body controller, payment processing using the payment form information in association with the payment terminal. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the secure communication is an ultra wide band (UWB) communication. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the method further comprises:
measuring, by the body controller, a vehicle position via the secure communication; and outputting the payment information to a user interface when an error between the vehicle position and a predetermined position is within a tolerance range. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the predetermined position is one of a refueling available position, a parking available position, or a position for receiving an ordered item. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein the method further comprises:
when the error between the vehicle position and the predetermined position is out of the tolerance range and within a secure communication available range, performing, by the body controller, advance payment processing in association with the payment terminal using the payment form information. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein obtaining the payment form information further comprises:
obtaining the payment form information from a payment device mounted in a vehicle or a mobile terminal of a passenger in the vehicle. 18. The method of claim 12, wherein performing the payment processing further comprises:
performing the payment processing at a time point when at least one of refueling completion, leaving of a parking lot, or receiving an ordered item is satisfied. | 3,600 |
339,893 | 16,800,832 | 3,619 | A device for processing video data includes a memory configured to store video data and one or more processors implemented in circuitry. The one or more processors are configured to generate a coding unit for chroma components of a block of video data. The one or more processors are configured to split the coding unit for chroma components into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition. The one or more processors are configured to apply pixel blending using a set of weights for a YUV0 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma components of the block of video data when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for chroma components in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for chroma components in a YUV 4:4:4 format. | 1. A method of processing video data, the method comprising:
generating, by one or more processors implemented in circuitry, a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format; splitting, by the one or more processors, the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and applying, by the one or more processors, pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein applying pixel blending comprises determining weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=2/8*P 1+6/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=4/8*P 1+4/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=6/8*P 1+2/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=1/8*P 1+7/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=7/8*P 1+1/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 7. The method of claim 1, comprising:
decoding, by the one or more processors, a residual block for the block of video data; and combining, by the one or more processors, the predicted block and the residual block to decode the block of video data. 8. The method of claim 1, comprising:
generating, by the one or more processors, a residual block for the block of video data based on differences between the block of video data and the predicted block; and encoding, by the one or more processors, the residual block. 9. A device for processing video data, the device comprising:
a memory configured to store video data; and one or more processors implemented in circuitry and configured to:
generate a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format;
split the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and
apply pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein, to apply pixel blending, the one or more processors are configured to determine weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=2/8*P 1+6/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 11. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=4/8*P 1+4/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 12. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=6/8*P 1+2/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 13. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=1/8*P 1+7/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 14. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=7/8*P 1+1/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 15. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
decode a residual block for the block of video data; and combine the predicted block and the residual block to decode the block of video data. 16. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
generate a residual block for the block of video data based on differences between the block of video data and the predicted block; and encode the residual block. 17. The device of claim 9, wherein the device comprises one or more of a camera, a computer, a mobile device, a broadcast receiver device, or a set-top box. 18. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to:
generate a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format; split the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and apply pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein the instructions that cause the one or more processors to apply pixel blending cause the one or more processors to determine weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. 19. A device for coding video data, the device comprising:
means for generating a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format; means for splitting the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and means for applying pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein the means for applying pixel blending comprises means for determining weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. | A device for processing video data includes a memory configured to store video data and one or more processors implemented in circuitry. The one or more processors are configured to generate a coding unit for chroma components of a block of video data. The one or more processors are configured to split the coding unit for chroma components into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition. The one or more processors are configured to apply pixel blending using a set of weights for a YUV0 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma components of the block of video data when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for chroma components in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for chroma components in a YUV 4:4:4 format.1. A method of processing video data, the method comprising:
generating, by one or more processors implemented in circuitry, a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format; splitting, by the one or more processors, the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and applying, by the one or more processors, pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein applying pixel blending comprises determining weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=2/8*P 1+6/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=4/8*P 1+4/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=6/8*P 1+2/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=1/8*P 1+7/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining weighted averages comprises determining a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=7/8*P 1+1/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 7. The method of claim 1, comprising:
decoding, by the one or more processors, a residual block for the block of video data; and combining, by the one or more processors, the predicted block and the residual block to decode the block of video data. 8. The method of claim 1, comprising:
generating, by the one or more processors, a residual block for the block of video data based on differences between the block of video data and the predicted block; and encoding, by the one or more processors, the residual block. 9. A device for processing video data, the device comprising:
a memory configured to store video data; and one or more processors implemented in circuitry and configured to:
generate a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format;
split the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and
apply pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein, to apply pixel blending, the one or more processors are configured to determine weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=2/8*P 1+6/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 11. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=4/8*P 1+4/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 12. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=6/8*P 1+2/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 13. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=1/8*P 1+7/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 14. The device of claim 9, wherein, to determine weighted averages, the one or more processors are configured to determine a pixel value P of the predicted block by calculating:
P=7/8*P 1+1/8*P 2, wherein P1 is a first reference pixel value of a first collocated motion compensated pixel of the first triangle-shaped partition and wherein P2 is a second reference pixel value of a second collocated motion compensated pixel of the second triangle-shaped partition. 15. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
decode a residual block for the block of video data; and combine the predicted block and the residual block to decode the block of video data. 16. The device of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:
generate a residual block for the block of video data based on differences between the block of video data and the predicted block; and encode the residual block. 17. The device of claim 9, wherein the device comprises one or more of a camera, a computer, a mobile device, a broadcast receiver device, or a set-top box. 18. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to:
generate a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format; split the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and apply pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein the instructions that cause the one or more processors to apply pixel blending cause the one or more processors to determine weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. 19. A device for coding video data, the device comprising:
means for generating a coding unit for a chroma component of a block of video data in a YUV 4:4:4 format or in a YUV 4:2:0 format; means for splitting the coding unit for the chroma component into a first triangle-shaped partition and a second triangle-shaped partition based on enabling of a triangular prediction unit mode; and means for applying pixel blending using a set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format to generate a predicted block for the chroma component when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:2:0 format and when the one or more processors generate the coding unit for the chroma component in the YUV 4:4:4 format, wherein the means for applying pixel blending comprises means for determining weighted averages, using the set of weights for the YUV 4:2:0 format, of collocated motion compensated pixels of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition based on motion information of the first triangle-shaped partition and the second triangle-shaped partition, respectively. | 3,600 |
339,894 | 16,800,869 | 3,619 | The present disclosure generally relates to evaluating communication workflows comprised of tasks using machine-learning techniques. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for generating a prediction of a task outcome of a communication workflow, generating a recommendation of one or more tasks to add to a partial communication workflow to complete the communication workflow, and generating a vector representation of a communication workflow. | 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
accessing a communication workflow including one or more tasks arranged in a sequential order, the communication workflow being configured to facilitate interactions with a set of user devices, each task of the one or more tasks including executable code that, upon execution, performs a function associated with the set of user devices, and the communication workflow being associated with one or more parameters that characterize each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; generating a composite feature vector representing the communication workflow, the composite feature vector being generated using a feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow, and the feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks being generated by executing one or more machine-learning techniques using the one or more parameters that characterize the task; inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into a trained machine-learning model, the trained machine-learning model having been trained to generate predictions of performance values of communication workflows, and the trained machine-learning model having been trained using a training data set representing one or more previously-executed communication workflows and a corresponding previous performance value of each of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows; and generating an output using the trained machine-learning model, the output being predictive of a performance value of the communication workflow. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a structure of the communication workflow, the structure being represented by a plurality of nodes of a tree structure, wherein two nodes of the plurality of nodes of the tree structure are connected by one or more stages, wherein each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow corresponds to a node of the plurality of nodes or a stage of the one or more stages; and evaluating the training data set to determine whether the structure of the communication workflow matches a structure of at least one previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure of a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed communication workflow of the group of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space; selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed communication workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; identifying a previous performance value for each previously-executed communication workflow of the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are determined, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a clustering operation is performed on each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein each subset of previously-executed communication workflows is associated with one or more clusters of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein the one or more clusters are formed by performing the clustering operation using the composite feature vectors associated with the subset of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space, and wherein each previously-executed communication workflow included in a cluster is associated with a composite feature vector that corresponds to the composite feature vectors of other previously-executed communication workflows in that cluster;
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the structure corresponds to the structure of the communication workflow;
assigning the communication workflow to a particular cluster of the one or more clusters that correspond to the particular subset, based on a comparison of the composite feature vector of the communication workflow and the composite feature vector associated with each cluster of the one or more clusters; and
determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the previously-executed communication workflows associated with the particular cluster to which the communication workflow is assigned. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are identified, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a supervised machine-learning model is trained for each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the corresponding structure matches the structure of the communication workflow;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into the supervised machine-learning model that corresponds to the particular subset; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow does not match the structure of any previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
segmenting each previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set into a plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows;
comparing the structure of the communication workflow to each sub-workflow of the plurality of sub-workflows of each previously-executed communication workflow of the training data set;
identifying a group of previously-executed sub-workflows of the plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows, the group of previously-executed sub-workflows matching the structure of the communication workflow;
comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed sub-workflow of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows in a domain space;
selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; and
determining a predicted performance value of the communication workflow based on the previous performance values associated with the selected sub-group of previously-executed sub-workflows. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the communication workflow is defined by a list including metadata describing:
a structure of the communication workflow; each task included in the communication workflow; and each feature vector representing a task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; and wherein the list of metadata is parsed to perform one or more functions. 8. A system, comprising:
one or more processors; and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing instructions which, when executed on the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including:
accessing a communication workflow including one or more tasks arranged in a sequential order, the communication workflow being configured to facilitate interactions with a set of user devices, each task of the one or more tasks including executable code that, upon execution, performs a function associated with the set of user devices, and the communication workflow being associated with one or more parameters that characterize each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow;
generating a composite feature vector representing the communication workflow, the composite feature vector being generated using a feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow, and the feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks being generated by executing one or more machine-learning techniques using the one or more parameters that characterize the task;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into a trained machine-learning model, the trained machine-learning model having been trained to generate predictions of performance values of communication workflows, and the trained machine-learning model having been trained using a training data set representing one or more previously-executed communication workflows and a corresponding previous performance value of each of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating an output using the trained machine-learning model, the output being predictive of a performance value of the communication workflow. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining a structure of the communication workflow, the structure being represented by a plurality of nodes of a tree structure, wherein two nodes of the plurality of nodes of the tree structure are connected by one or more stages, wherein each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow corresponds to a node of the plurality of nodes or a stage of the one or more stages; and evaluating the training data set to determine whether the structure of the communication workflow matches a structure of at least one previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure of a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed communication workflow of the group of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space; selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed communication workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; identifying a previous performance value for each previously-executed communication workflow of the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are determined, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a clustering operation is performed on each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein each subset of previously-executed communication workflows is associated with one or more clusters of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein the one or more clusters are formed by performing the clustering operation using the composite feature vectors associated with the subset of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space, and wherein each previously-executed communication workflow included in a cluster is associated with a composite feature vector that corresponds to the composite feature vectors of other previously-executed communication workflows in that cluster;
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the structure corresponds to the structure of the communication workflow;
assigning the communication workflow to a particular cluster of the one or more clusters that correspond to the particular subset, based on a comparison of the composite feature vector of the communication workflow and the composite feature vector associated with each cluster of the one or more clusters; and
determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the previously-executed communication workflows associated with the particular cluster to which the communication workflow is assigned. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are identified, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a supervised machine-learning model is trained for each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the corresponding structure matches the structure of the communication workflow;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into the supervised machine-learning model that corresponds to the particular subset; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow does not match the structure of any previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
segmenting each previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set into a plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows;
comparing the structure of the communication workflow to each sub-workflow of the plurality of sub-workflows of each previously-executed communication workflow of the training data set;
identifying a group of previously-executed sub-workflows of the plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows, the group of previously-executed sub-workflows matching the structure of the communication workflow;
comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed sub-workflow of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows in a domain space;
selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; and
determining a predicted performance value of the communication workflow based on the previous performance values associated with the selected sub-group of previously-executed sub-workflows. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the communication workflow is defined by a list including metadata describing:
a structure of the communication workflow; each task included in the communication workflow; and each feature vector representing a task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; and wherein the list of metadata is parsed to perform one or more functions. 15. A computer-program product tangibly embodied in a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, including instructions configured to cause a processing apparatus to perform operations including:
accessing a communication workflow including one or more tasks arranged in a sequential order, the communication workflow being configured to facilitate interactions with a set of user devices, each task of the one or more tasks including executable code that, upon execution, performs a function associated with the set of user devices, and the communication workflow being associated with one or more parameters that characterize each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; generating a composite feature vector representing the communication workflow, the composite feature vector being generated using a feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow, and the feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks being generated by executing one or more machine-learning techniques using the one or more parameters that characterize the task; inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into a trained machine-learning model, the trained machine-learning model having been trained to generate predictions of performance values of communication workflows, and the trained machine-learning model having been trained using a training data set representing one or more previously-executed communication workflows and a corresponding previous performance value of each of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows; and generating an output using the trained machine-learning model, the output being predictive of a performance value of the communication workflow. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining a structure of the communication workflow, the structure being represented by a plurality of nodes of a tree structure, wherein two nodes of the plurality of nodes of the tree structure are connected by one or more stages, wherein each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow corresponds to a node of the plurality of nodes or a stage of the one or more stages; and evaluating the training data set to determine whether the structure of the communication workflow matches a structure of at least one previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows. 17. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure of a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed communication workflow of the group of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space; selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed communication workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; identifying a previous performance value for each previously-executed communication workflow of the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are determined, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a clustering operation is performed on each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein each subset of previously-executed communication workflows is associated with one or more clusters of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein the one or more clusters are formed by performing the clustering operation using the composite feature vectors associated with the subset of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space, and wherein each previously-executed communication workflow included in a cluster is associated with a composite feature vector that corresponds to the composite feature vectors of other previously-executed communication workflows in that cluster;
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the structure corresponds to the structure of the communication workflow;
assigning the communication workflow to a particular cluster of the one or more clusters that correspond to the particular subset, based on a comparison of the composite feature vector of the communication workflow and the composite feature vector associated with each cluster of the one or more clusters; and
determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the previously-executed communication workflows associated with the particular cluster to which the communication workflow is assigned. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are identified, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a supervised machine-learning model is trained for each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the corresponding structure matches the structure of the communication workflow;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into the supervised machine-learning model that corresponds to the particular subset; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow does not match the structure of any previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
segmenting each previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set into a plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows;
comparing the structure of the communication workflow to each sub-workflow of the plurality of sub-workflows of each previously-executed communication workflow of the training data set;
identifying a group of previously-executed sub-workflows of the plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows, the group of previously-executed sub-workflows matching the structure of the communication workflow;
comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed sub-workflow of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows in a domain space;
selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; and
determining a predicted performance value of the communication workflow based on the previous performance values associated with the selected sub-group of previously-executed sub-workflows. | The present disclosure generally relates to evaluating communication workflows comprised of tasks using machine-learning techniques. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for generating a prediction of a task outcome of a communication workflow, generating a recommendation of one or more tasks to add to a partial communication workflow to complete the communication workflow, and generating a vector representation of a communication workflow.1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
accessing a communication workflow including one or more tasks arranged in a sequential order, the communication workflow being configured to facilitate interactions with a set of user devices, each task of the one or more tasks including executable code that, upon execution, performs a function associated with the set of user devices, and the communication workflow being associated with one or more parameters that characterize each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; generating a composite feature vector representing the communication workflow, the composite feature vector being generated using a feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow, and the feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks being generated by executing one or more machine-learning techniques using the one or more parameters that characterize the task; inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into a trained machine-learning model, the trained machine-learning model having been trained to generate predictions of performance values of communication workflows, and the trained machine-learning model having been trained using a training data set representing one or more previously-executed communication workflows and a corresponding previous performance value of each of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows; and generating an output using the trained machine-learning model, the output being predictive of a performance value of the communication workflow. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a structure of the communication workflow, the structure being represented by a plurality of nodes of a tree structure, wherein two nodes of the plurality of nodes of the tree structure are connected by one or more stages, wherein each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow corresponds to a node of the plurality of nodes or a stage of the one or more stages; and evaluating the training data set to determine whether the structure of the communication workflow matches a structure of at least one previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure of a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed communication workflow of the group of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space; selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed communication workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; identifying a previous performance value for each previously-executed communication workflow of the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are determined, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a clustering operation is performed on each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein each subset of previously-executed communication workflows is associated with one or more clusters of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein the one or more clusters are formed by performing the clustering operation using the composite feature vectors associated with the subset of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space, and wherein each previously-executed communication workflow included in a cluster is associated with a composite feature vector that corresponds to the composite feature vectors of other previously-executed communication workflows in that cluster;
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the structure corresponds to the structure of the communication workflow;
assigning the communication workflow to a particular cluster of the one or more clusters that correspond to the particular subset, based on a comparison of the composite feature vector of the communication workflow and the composite feature vector associated with each cluster of the one or more clusters; and
determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the previously-executed communication workflows associated with the particular cluster to which the communication workflow is assigned. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are identified, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a supervised machine-learning model is trained for each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the corresponding structure matches the structure of the communication workflow;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into the supervised machine-learning model that corresponds to the particular subset; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow does not match the structure of any previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
segmenting each previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set into a plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows;
comparing the structure of the communication workflow to each sub-workflow of the plurality of sub-workflows of each previously-executed communication workflow of the training data set;
identifying a group of previously-executed sub-workflows of the plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows, the group of previously-executed sub-workflows matching the structure of the communication workflow;
comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed sub-workflow of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows in a domain space;
selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; and
determining a predicted performance value of the communication workflow based on the previous performance values associated with the selected sub-group of previously-executed sub-workflows. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the communication workflow is defined by a list including metadata describing:
a structure of the communication workflow; each task included in the communication workflow; and each feature vector representing a task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; and wherein the list of metadata is parsed to perform one or more functions. 8. A system, comprising:
one or more processors; and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium containing instructions which, when executed on the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations including:
accessing a communication workflow including one or more tasks arranged in a sequential order, the communication workflow being configured to facilitate interactions with a set of user devices, each task of the one or more tasks including executable code that, upon execution, performs a function associated with the set of user devices, and the communication workflow being associated with one or more parameters that characterize each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow;
generating a composite feature vector representing the communication workflow, the composite feature vector being generated using a feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow, and the feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks being generated by executing one or more machine-learning techniques using the one or more parameters that characterize the task;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into a trained machine-learning model, the trained machine-learning model having been trained to generate predictions of performance values of communication workflows, and the trained machine-learning model having been trained using a training data set representing one or more previously-executed communication workflows and a corresponding previous performance value of each of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating an output using the trained machine-learning model, the output being predictive of a performance value of the communication workflow. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining a structure of the communication workflow, the structure being represented by a plurality of nodes of a tree structure, wherein two nodes of the plurality of nodes of the tree structure are connected by one or more stages, wherein each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow corresponds to a node of the plurality of nodes or a stage of the one or more stages; and evaluating the training data set to determine whether the structure of the communication workflow matches a structure of at least one previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure of a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed communication workflow of the group of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space; selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed communication workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; identifying a previous performance value for each previously-executed communication workflow of the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are determined, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a clustering operation is performed on each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein each subset of previously-executed communication workflows is associated with one or more clusters of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein the one or more clusters are formed by performing the clustering operation using the composite feature vectors associated with the subset of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space, and wherein each previously-executed communication workflow included in a cluster is associated with a composite feature vector that corresponds to the composite feature vectors of other previously-executed communication workflows in that cluster;
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the structure corresponds to the structure of the communication workflow;
assigning the communication workflow to a particular cluster of the one or more clusters that correspond to the particular subset, based on a comparison of the composite feature vector of the communication workflow and the composite feature vector associated with each cluster of the one or more clusters; and
determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the previously-executed communication workflows associated with the particular cluster to which the communication workflow is assigned. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are identified, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a supervised machine-learning model is trained for each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the corresponding structure matches the structure of the communication workflow;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into the supervised machine-learning model that corresponds to the particular subset; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow does not match the structure of any previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
segmenting each previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set into a plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows;
comparing the structure of the communication workflow to each sub-workflow of the plurality of sub-workflows of each previously-executed communication workflow of the training data set;
identifying a group of previously-executed sub-workflows of the plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows, the group of previously-executed sub-workflows matching the structure of the communication workflow;
comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed sub-workflow of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows in a domain space;
selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; and
determining a predicted performance value of the communication workflow based on the previous performance values associated with the selected sub-group of previously-executed sub-workflows. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the communication workflow is defined by a list including metadata describing:
a structure of the communication workflow; each task included in the communication workflow; and each feature vector representing a task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; and wherein the list of metadata is parsed to perform one or more functions. 15. A computer-program product tangibly embodied in a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium, including instructions configured to cause a processing apparatus to perform operations including:
accessing a communication workflow including one or more tasks arranged in a sequential order, the communication workflow being configured to facilitate interactions with a set of user devices, each task of the one or more tasks including executable code that, upon execution, performs a function associated with the set of user devices, and the communication workflow being associated with one or more parameters that characterize each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow; generating a composite feature vector representing the communication workflow, the composite feature vector being generated using a feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow, and the feature vector of each task of the one or more tasks being generated by executing one or more machine-learning techniques using the one or more parameters that characterize the task; inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into a trained machine-learning model, the trained machine-learning model having been trained to generate predictions of performance values of communication workflows, and the trained machine-learning model having been trained using a training data set representing one or more previously-executed communication workflows and a corresponding previous performance value of each of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows; and generating an output using the trained machine-learning model, the output being predictive of a performance value of the communication workflow. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining a structure of the communication workflow, the structure being represented by a plurality of nodes of a tree structure, wherein two nodes of the plurality of nodes of the tree structure are connected by one or more stages, wherein each task of the one or more tasks of the communication workflow corresponds to a node of the plurality of nodes or a stage of the one or more stages; and evaluating the training data set to determine whether the structure of the communication workflow matches a structure of at least one previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows. 17. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure of a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed communication workflow of the group of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space; selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed communication workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; identifying a previous performance value for each previously-executed communication workflow of the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the sub-group of previously-executed communication workflows. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are determined, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a clustering operation is performed on each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein each subset of previously-executed communication workflows is associated with one or more clusters of previously-executed communication workflows, wherein the one or more clusters are formed by performing the clustering operation using the composite feature vectors associated with the subset of previously-executed communication workflows in a domain space, and wherein each previously-executed communication workflow included in a cluster is associated with a composite feature vector that corresponds to the composite feature vectors of other previously-executed communication workflows in that cluster;
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the structure corresponds to the structure of the communication workflow;
assigning the communication workflow to a particular cluster of the one or more clusters that correspond to the particular subset, based on a comparison of the composite feature vector of the communication workflow and the composite feature vector associated with each cluster of the one or more clusters; and
determining a combination of the previous performance values associated with the previously-executed communication workflows associated with the particular cluster to which the communication workflow is assigned. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow matches the structure associated with a group of previously-executed communication workflows of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set, wherein during generation of the training data set:
one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows are identified, each subset of the one or more subsets corresponding to two or more previously-executed communication workflows that share a common structure; and
a supervised machine-learning model is trained for each subset of the one or more subsets of previously-executed communication workflows; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
identifying a particular subset of the one or more subsets of the training data set for which the corresponding structure matches the structure of the communication workflow;
inputting the composite feature vector of the communication workflow into the supervised machine-learning model that corresponds to the particular subset; and
generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining that the structure of the communication workflow does not match the structure of any previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set; and generating the output predictive of the performance value of the communication workflow by:
segmenting each previously-executed communication workflow of the one or more previously-executed communication workflows of the training data set into a plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows;
comparing the structure of the communication workflow to each sub-workflow of the plurality of sub-workflows of each previously-executed communication workflow of the training data set;
identifying a group of previously-executed sub-workflows of the plurality of previously-executed sub-workflows, the group of previously-executed sub-workflows matching the structure of the communication workflow;
comparing the composite feature vector of the communication workflow with a composite feature vector of each previously-executed sub-workflow of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows in a domain space;
selecting a sub-group of the group of previously-executed sub-workflows based on a threshold and a result of the comparison; and
determining a predicted performance value of the communication workflow based on the previous performance values associated with the selected sub-group of previously-executed sub-workflows. | 3,600 |
339,895 | 16,800,876 | 3,619 | Embodiments of the invention provide systems, computer program products, and methods for a network operational decisional engine (NODE) to allow individual users to set resource distribution constraints on various accounts over a number of different networks. By providing a centralized user interface and storing and tracking user configuration and account data, the invention recognizes and filters resource distribution requests based on operational decisions as specified by users in order to provide increased control over the authorization or denial of resource distribution requests. The NODE provides the ability to proactively control resource distribution constraints before requests for resource distribution are initiated, and allows for tailored operational decisions to be easily implemented based on a wide range of user-defined criteria. | 1. A system for a network operational decision engine, the system comprising:
a memory device with computer-readable program code stored thereon; a communication device; a processing device operatively coupled to the memory device and the communication device, wherein the processing device is configured to execute the computer-readable program code to:
provide a user interface to a user via a mobile device allowing the user to apply one or more operational decisions to a user account, wherein the one or more operational decisions comprise restrictions for distribution of resources;
store configuration data for the user, wherein the configuration data comprises authorized distribution amounts, authorized resource distribution recipients, temporal data associated with authorized resource distributions, and location data from a mobile device of the user;
determine a pattern of authorized resource distribution activity based on the configuration data;
receive a request for resource distribution of resources from the user account;
determine a confidence score by comparing data for the request for distribution of resources from the user account with the pattern of authorized resource distribution activity and compare the confidence score to a threshold value;
identify the subsequent request for distribution of resources from the user account as an irregular request based on the confidence score measuring lower than the threshold value;
manipulate the user interface of the mobile device of the user to display an alert including details of the irregular request;
allow the user to authorize or deny the irregular request; and
apply the one or more operational decisions to the user account. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on resource amount, distribution frequency, resource distribution recipient, or other user-defined criteria. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on a SKU code, a product code, or a merchant identifier, and the system is further configured to:
identify the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier associated with the request for distribution of resources; and authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources based on the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the network operational decision engine authorizes or denies the request for distribution of resources in real time. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interface is displayed via a mobile device and wherein the user applies one or more operational decisions to multiple user accounts simultaneously. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more operational decisions are applied to a user account over multiple resource distribution networks such as debit card, credit card, ACH, and real-time-payment transactions. 7. The system of claim 1 further comprising;
receiving instructions via the user interface for the one or more operational decisions related to the user account on a resource distribution network and store the one or more operational decisions in a network operational decision table;
receiving a request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network; and
authorizing or denying the request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network based on the one or more operational decisions stored in the network operational decision table. 8. A computer program product for a network operational decision engine with at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-readable program code portions embodied therein, the computer-readable program code portions comprising:
an executable portion configured to provide a user interface to a user via a mobile device allowing the user to apply one or more operational decisions to a user account, wherein the one or more operational decisions comprise restrictions for distribution of resources; an executable portion configured to store configuration data for the user, wherein the configuration data comprises authorized distribution amounts, authorized resource distribution recipients, temporal data associated with authorized resource distributions, and location data from a mobile device of the user; an executable portion configured to determine a pattern of authorized resource distribution activity based on the configuration data; an executable portion configured to receive a request for resource distribution of resources from the user account; an executable portion configured to determine a confidence score by comparing data for the request for distribution of resources from the user account with the pattern of authorized resource distribution activity and compare the confidence score to a threshold value; an executable portion configured to identify the subsequent request for distribution of resources from the user account as an irregular request based on the confidence score measuring lower than the threshold value; an executable portion configured to manipulate the user interface of the mobile device of the user to display an alert including details of the irregular request; an executable portion configured to allow the user to authorize or deny the irregular request; and an executable portion configured to apply the one or more operational decisions to the user account. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on resource amount, distribution frequency, resource distribution recipient, or other user-defined criteria. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on a SKU code, a product code, or a merchant identifier, and the system is further configured to:
identify the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier associated with the request for distribution of resources; and authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources based on the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the network operational decision engine authorizes or denies the request for distribution of resources in real time. 12. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the user interface is displayed via a mobile device and wherein the user applies one or more operational decisions to multiple user accounts simultaneously. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the one or more operational decisions are applied to a user account over multiple resource distribution networks such as debit card, credit card, ACH, and real-time-payment transactions. 14. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising;
an executable portion configured to receive instructions via the user interface for the one or more operational decisions related to the user account on a resource distribution network and store the one or more operational decisions in a network operational decision table;
an executable portion configured to receive a request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network; and
an executable portion configured to authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network based on the one or more operational decisions stored in the network operational decision table. 15. A computer-implemented method for a network operational decision engine, the method comprising:
providing a computing system comprising a computer processing device and a non-transitory computer readable medium, where the computer readable medium comprises configured computer program instruction code, such that when said instruction code is operated by said computer processing device, said computer processing device performs the following operations:
provide a user interface to a user via a mobile device allowing the user to apply one or more operational decisions to a user account, wherein the one or more operational decisions comprise restrictions for distribution of resources;
store configuration data for the user, wherein the configuration data comprises authorized distribution amounts, authorized resource distribution recipients, temporal data associated with authorized resource distributions, and location data from a mobile device of the user;
determine a pattern of authorized resource distribution activity based on the configuration data;
receive a request for resource distribution of resources from the user account;
determine a confidence score by comparing data for the request for distribution of resources from the user account with the pattern of authorized resource distribution activity and compare the confidence score to a threshold value;
identify the subsequent request for distribution of resources from the user account as an irregular request based on the confidence score measuring lower than the threshold value;
manipulate the user interface of the mobile device of the user to display an alert including details of the irregular request;
allow the user to authorize or deny the irregular request; and
apply the one or more operational decisions to the user account. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on resource amount, distribution frequency, resource distribution recipient, or other user-defined criteria. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on a SKU code, a product code, or a merchant identifier, and the system is further configured to:
identify the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier associated with the request for distribution of resources; and authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources based on the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the network operational decision engine authorizes or denies the request for distribution of resources in real time. 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the one or more operational decisions are applied to a user account over multiple resource distribution networks such as debit card, credit card, ACH, and real-time-payment transactions. 20. The computer-implemented method of claim 15 further comprising;
receiving instructions via the user interface for the one or more operational decisions related to the user account on a resource distribution network and store the one or more operational decisions in a network operational decision table;
receiving a request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network; and
authorizing or denying the request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network based on the one or more operational decisions stored in the network operational decision table. | Embodiments of the invention provide systems, computer program products, and methods for a network operational decisional engine (NODE) to allow individual users to set resource distribution constraints on various accounts over a number of different networks. By providing a centralized user interface and storing and tracking user configuration and account data, the invention recognizes and filters resource distribution requests based on operational decisions as specified by users in order to provide increased control over the authorization or denial of resource distribution requests. The NODE provides the ability to proactively control resource distribution constraints before requests for resource distribution are initiated, and allows for tailored operational decisions to be easily implemented based on a wide range of user-defined criteria.1. A system for a network operational decision engine, the system comprising:
a memory device with computer-readable program code stored thereon; a communication device; a processing device operatively coupled to the memory device and the communication device, wherein the processing device is configured to execute the computer-readable program code to:
provide a user interface to a user via a mobile device allowing the user to apply one or more operational decisions to a user account, wherein the one or more operational decisions comprise restrictions for distribution of resources;
store configuration data for the user, wherein the configuration data comprises authorized distribution amounts, authorized resource distribution recipients, temporal data associated with authorized resource distributions, and location data from a mobile device of the user;
determine a pattern of authorized resource distribution activity based on the configuration data;
receive a request for resource distribution of resources from the user account;
determine a confidence score by comparing data for the request for distribution of resources from the user account with the pattern of authorized resource distribution activity and compare the confidence score to a threshold value;
identify the subsequent request for distribution of resources from the user account as an irregular request based on the confidence score measuring lower than the threshold value;
manipulate the user interface of the mobile device of the user to display an alert including details of the irregular request;
allow the user to authorize or deny the irregular request; and
apply the one or more operational decisions to the user account. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on resource amount, distribution frequency, resource distribution recipient, or other user-defined criteria. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on a SKU code, a product code, or a merchant identifier, and the system is further configured to:
identify the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier associated with the request for distribution of resources; and authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources based on the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the network operational decision engine authorizes or denies the request for distribution of resources in real time. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the user interface is displayed via a mobile device and wherein the user applies one or more operational decisions to multiple user accounts simultaneously. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more operational decisions are applied to a user account over multiple resource distribution networks such as debit card, credit card, ACH, and real-time-payment transactions. 7. The system of claim 1 further comprising;
receiving instructions via the user interface for the one or more operational decisions related to the user account on a resource distribution network and store the one or more operational decisions in a network operational decision table;
receiving a request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network; and
authorizing or denying the request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network based on the one or more operational decisions stored in the network operational decision table. 8. A computer program product for a network operational decision engine with at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-readable program code portions embodied therein, the computer-readable program code portions comprising:
an executable portion configured to provide a user interface to a user via a mobile device allowing the user to apply one or more operational decisions to a user account, wherein the one or more operational decisions comprise restrictions for distribution of resources; an executable portion configured to store configuration data for the user, wherein the configuration data comprises authorized distribution amounts, authorized resource distribution recipients, temporal data associated with authorized resource distributions, and location data from a mobile device of the user; an executable portion configured to determine a pattern of authorized resource distribution activity based on the configuration data; an executable portion configured to receive a request for resource distribution of resources from the user account; an executable portion configured to determine a confidence score by comparing data for the request for distribution of resources from the user account with the pattern of authorized resource distribution activity and compare the confidence score to a threshold value; an executable portion configured to identify the subsequent request for distribution of resources from the user account as an irregular request based on the confidence score measuring lower than the threshold value; an executable portion configured to manipulate the user interface of the mobile device of the user to display an alert including details of the irregular request; an executable portion configured to allow the user to authorize or deny the irregular request; and an executable portion configured to apply the one or more operational decisions to the user account. 9. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on resource amount, distribution frequency, resource distribution recipient, or other user-defined criteria. 10. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on a SKU code, a product code, or a merchant identifier, and the system is further configured to:
identify the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier associated with the request for distribution of resources; and authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources based on the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier. 11. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the network operational decision engine authorizes or denies the request for distribution of resources in real time. 12. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the user interface is displayed via a mobile device and wherein the user applies one or more operational decisions to multiple user accounts simultaneously. 13. The computer program product of claim 8, wherein the one or more operational decisions are applied to a user account over multiple resource distribution networks such as debit card, credit card, ACH, and real-time-payment transactions. 14. The computer program product of claim 8 further comprising;
an executable portion configured to receive instructions via the user interface for the one or more operational decisions related to the user account on a resource distribution network and store the one or more operational decisions in a network operational decision table;
an executable portion configured to receive a request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network; and
an executable portion configured to authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network based on the one or more operational decisions stored in the network operational decision table. 15. A computer-implemented method for a network operational decision engine, the method comprising:
providing a computing system comprising a computer processing device and a non-transitory computer readable medium, where the computer readable medium comprises configured computer program instruction code, such that when said instruction code is operated by said computer processing device, said computer processing device performs the following operations:
provide a user interface to a user via a mobile device allowing the user to apply one or more operational decisions to a user account, wherein the one or more operational decisions comprise restrictions for distribution of resources;
store configuration data for the user, wherein the configuration data comprises authorized distribution amounts, authorized resource distribution recipients, temporal data associated with authorized resource distributions, and location data from a mobile device of the user;
determine a pattern of authorized resource distribution activity based on the configuration data;
receive a request for resource distribution of resources from the user account;
determine a confidence score by comparing data for the request for distribution of resources from the user account with the pattern of authorized resource distribution activity and compare the confidence score to a threshold value;
identify the subsequent request for distribution of resources from the user account as an irregular request based on the confidence score measuring lower than the threshold value;
manipulate the user interface of the mobile device of the user to display an alert including details of the irregular request;
allow the user to authorize or deny the irregular request; and
apply the one or more operational decisions to the user account. 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on resource amount, distribution frequency, resource distribution recipient, or other user-defined criteria. 17. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the one or more operational decisions further comprise transactional restrictions for distribution of resources based on a SKU code, a product code, or a merchant identifier, and the system is further configured to:
identify the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier associated with the request for distribution of resources; and authorize or deny the request for distribution of resources based on the SKU code, product code, or merchant identifier. 18. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the network operational decision engine authorizes or denies the request for distribution of resources in real time. 19. The computer-implemented method of claim 15, wherein the one or more operational decisions are applied to a user account over multiple resource distribution networks such as debit card, credit card, ACH, and real-time-payment transactions. 20. The computer-implemented method of claim 15 further comprising;
receiving instructions via the user interface for the one or more operational decisions related to the user account on a resource distribution network and store the one or more operational decisions in a network operational decision table;
receiving a request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network; and
authorizing or denying the request for distribution of resources from the user account located on the resource distribution network based on the one or more operational decisions stored in the network operational decision table. | 3,600 |
339,896 | 16,800,852 | 3,619 | An antibody or a fragment thereof having immunoreactivity to a polypeptide comprising not less than 7 continuous amino acids in the CD179b protein, which was identified as a cancer antigen protein specifically expressed on the surfaces of cancer cells, can be used as a pharmaceutical composition for therapy and/or prophylaxis of cancer. | 1. A method for therapy of human leukemia expressing CD179b protein comprising administering to a human patient in need thereof an effective amount of an antibody, said antibody having immunoreactivity to a CD179b protein having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:3,
wherein the antibody has an Fc effector domain capable of mediating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) by effector cells and/or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against CD179b-expressing cells and/or which is conjugated to a cytotoxic moiety capable of inhibiting the proliferation and/or survival of the leukemia cells, and wherein said leukemia is chronic lymphocyte leukemia. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising administering a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said antibody is a human antibody, humanized antibody, chimeric antibody, single-chain antibody or bispecific antibody. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region having the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 102, 103, or 104 and a light chain variable region having the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 or 108, said antibody having immunoreactivity to a CD 179b protein. | An antibody or a fragment thereof having immunoreactivity to a polypeptide comprising not less than 7 continuous amino acids in the CD179b protein, which was identified as a cancer antigen protein specifically expressed on the surfaces of cancer cells, can be used as a pharmaceutical composition for therapy and/or prophylaxis of cancer.1. A method for therapy of human leukemia expressing CD179b protein comprising administering to a human patient in need thereof an effective amount of an antibody, said antibody having immunoreactivity to a CD179b protein having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:3,
wherein the antibody has an Fc effector domain capable of mediating antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) by effector cells and/or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against CD179b-expressing cells and/or which is conjugated to a cytotoxic moiety capable of inhibiting the proliferation and/or survival of the leukemia cells, and wherein said leukemia is chronic lymphocyte leukemia. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising administering a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said antibody is a human antibody, humanized antibody, chimeric antibody, single-chain antibody or bispecific antibody. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region having the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 102, 103, or 104 and a light chain variable region having the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 106, 107 or 108, said antibody having immunoreactivity to a CD 179b protein. | 3,600 |
339,897 | 16,800,863 | 3,619 | A vehicle includes a brake device; a storage configured to store a first setting value and a second setting value having a smaller magnitude than the first setting value; a communicator configured to receive an automatic parking signal; a detector configured to detect at least one of an object or whether the vehicle is in contact with the object; and a controller configured to control the brake device based on a detection result of the detector and the first setting value, and to control the brake device based on the detection result and the second setting value when the automatic parking signal is received. | 1. A vehicle comprising:
a brake device; a storage configured to store a first setting value and a second setting value having a smaller magnitude than the first setting value; a communicator configured to receive an automatic parking signal; a detector configured to detect at least one of an object or whether the vehicle is in contact with the object; and a controller configured to:
control the brake device based on a detection result and the first setting value; and
control the brake device based on the detection result and the second setting value when the automatic parking signal is received. 2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether the object is in contact with the vehicle; and control the brake device based on whether the object is in contact with the vehicle. 3. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on a communication result. 4. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises:
a sensor device configured to detect whether a passenger is present in the vehicle, wherein the controller is configured to determine the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on a detection of the sensor device. 5. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether the object approaches a lower part of the vehicle; and control the brake device based on whether the object approaches the lower part of the vehicle. 6. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether an external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle; and control the brake device and the driving device based on whether the external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle. 7. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises:
an airbag control unit (ACU), wherein the controller is further configured to:
receive the detection result of the detector; and
control the driving device and the brake device based on the received detection result. 8. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises:
an inputter configured to receive at least one of the first setting value or the second setting value, wherein the controller is configured to control at least one of the driving device or the brake device based on the first settling value or the second setting value. 9. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether parking of the vehicle is terminated; and terminate communication with the communicator based on whether the parking of the vehicle is terminated. 10. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to learn a parking state of the vehicle by a deep learning. 11. A method of controlling a vehicle comprising:
storing, by a storage, a first setting value and a second setting value having a smaller magnitude than the first setting value; receiving, by a communicator, an automatic parking signal; detecting, by a detector, at least one of an object or whether the vehicle is in contact with the object; controlling, by a controller, the brake device based on a detection result and the first setting value; and controlling the brake device based on the detection result and the second setting value when the automatic parking signal is received. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether the object is in contact with the vehicle; and controlling the brake device based on whether the object is in contact with the vehicle. 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on the automatic parking signal. 14. The method according to claim 16, wherein the method further comprises:
detecting, by a sensor device, whether a passenger is present in the vehicle; and determining the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on whether the passenger is present in the vehicle. 15. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether the object approaches a lower part of the vehicle; and controlling the brake device based on whether the object approaches the lower part of the vehicle. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether an external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle; and controlling the brake device and the driving device based on whether the external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
receiving the detection result from the detector included in an airbag control unit (ACU); and controlling the driving device and the brake device based on the received detection result. 18. The method according to claim 11, wherein the method further comprises:
receiving, by an inputter, at least one of the first setting value or the second setting value; and controlling at least one of the driving device or the brake device based on the first setting value or the second setting value. 19. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether parking of the vehicle is terminated; and terminating communication of the automatic parking signal based on whether the parking of the vehicle is terminated. 20. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
learning a parking state of the vehicle by a deep learning. | A vehicle includes a brake device; a storage configured to store a first setting value and a second setting value having a smaller magnitude than the first setting value; a communicator configured to receive an automatic parking signal; a detector configured to detect at least one of an object or whether the vehicle is in contact with the object; and a controller configured to control the brake device based on a detection result of the detector and the first setting value, and to control the brake device based on the detection result and the second setting value when the automatic parking signal is received.1. A vehicle comprising:
a brake device; a storage configured to store a first setting value and a second setting value having a smaller magnitude than the first setting value; a communicator configured to receive an automatic parking signal; a detector configured to detect at least one of an object or whether the vehicle is in contact with the object; and a controller configured to:
control the brake device based on a detection result and the first setting value; and
control the brake device based on the detection result and the second setting value when the automatic parking signal is received. 2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether the object is in contact with the vehicle; and control the brake device based on whether the object is in contact with the vehicle. 3. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on a communication result. 4. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises:
a sensor device configured to detect whether a passenger is present in the vehicle, wherein the controller is configured to determine the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on a detection of the sensor device. 5. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether the object approaches a lower part of the vehicle; and control the brake device based on whether the object approaches the lower part of the vehicle. 6. The vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether an external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle; and control the brake device and the driving device based on whether the external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle. 7. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises:
an airbag control unit (ACU), wherein the controller is further configured to:
receive the detection result of the detector; and
control the driving device and the brake device based on the received detection result. 8. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle further comprises:
an inputter configured to receive at least one of the first setting value or the second setting value, wherein the controller is configured to control at least one of the driving device or the brake device based on the first settling value or the second setting value. 9. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine whether parking of the vehicle is terminated; and terminate communication with the communicator based on whether the parking of the vehicle is terminated. 10. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to learn a parking state of the vehicle by a deep learning. 11. A method of controlling a vehicle comprising:
storing, by a storage, a first setting value and a second setting value having a smaller magnitude than the first setting value; receiving, by a communicator, an automatic parking signal; detecting, by a detector, at least one of an object or whether the vehicle is in contact with the object; controlling, by a controller, the brake device based on a detection result and the first setting value; and controlling the brake device based on the detection result and the second setting value when the automatic parking signal is received. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether the object is in contact with the vehicle; and controlling the brake device based on whether the object is in contact with the vehicle. 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on the automatic parking signal. 14. The method according to claim 16, wherein the method further comprises:
detecting, by a sensor device, whether a passenger is present in the vehicle; and determining the second setting value and a relative acceleration of the vehicle approaching the object based on whether the passenger is present in the vehicle. 15. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether the object approaches a lower part of the vehicle; and controlling the brake device based on whether the object approaches the lower part of the vehicle. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether an external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle; and controlling the brake device and the driving device based on whether the external object is in contact with the lower part of the vehicle. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
receiving the detection result from the detector included in an airbag control unit (ACU); and controlling the driving device and the brake device based on the received detection result. 18. The method according to claim 11, wherein the method further comprises:
receiving, by an inputter, at least one of the first setting value or the second setting value; and controlling at least one of the driving device or the brake device based on the first setting value or the second setting value. 19. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
determining whether parking of the vehicle is terminated; and terminating communication of the automatic parking signal based on whether the parking of the vehicle is terminated. 20. The method according to claim 11, wherein controlling the brake device further comprises:
learning a parking state of the vehicle by a deep learning. | 3,600 |
339,898 | 16,800,881 | 3,619 | The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for storing a received data block as one or more deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus includes a repository storing one or more containers, each container storing one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment. The apparatus further includes a database storing a plurality of deduplicated data blocks, each deduplicated data block containing a plurality of references to the data segments of the received data block and to the containers storing said data segments. The apparatus is configured to maintain, in the repository, a plurality of block backup files, each block backup file storing a copy of one or more deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus is configured to associate a deduplicated data block in the database with the block backup file in which a copy of the deduplicated data block is stored. | 1. An apparatus for storing a received data block as one or more deduplicated data blocks, the apparatus comprising:
a repository, the repository storing one or more containers, each container storing one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment; and a database, the database storing a plurality of deduplicated data blocks, each deduplicated data block containing a plurality of references to the data segments of the received data block and to the containers storing the data segments of the received data block, wherein the apparatus is configured to maintain, in the repository, a plurality of block backup files, each block backup file storing a copy of one or more of the plurality of deduplicated data blocks, and wherein the apparatus is configured to associate a respective deduplicated data block stored in the database with a respective block backup file storing a copy of the respective deduplicated data block. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to associate the respective deduplicated data block stored in the database with the respective block backup file storing the copy of the respective deduplicated data block by adding, to the respective deduplicated data block, a reference to the respective block backup file. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the database further includes a deduplication index. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the segment metadata for a respective data segment includes at least a reference count indicating number of deduplicated data blocks referring to the respective data segment. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to sequentially write a plurality of respective deduplicated data blocks into a respective block backup file, and add a time stamp to each of the plurality of respective deduplicated data blocks sequentially written into the respective block backup file. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, for recovering a respective deduplicated data block from a respective block backup file, use only a deduplicated data block having a latest time stamp. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to store, in association with each respective block backup file in the repository, a deleted block file for storing a reference to each deleted deduplicated data block associated with the respective block backup file. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, for deleting a selected deduplicated data block;
write a reference to the selected deduplicated data block to be deleted with a deletion time stamp into the respective deleted block file associated with the respective block backup file associated with the selected deduplicated data block, delete the selected deduplicated data block from the database, and modify the segment metadata for each data segment of the selected deduplicated data block in the repository. 9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, when a size of the respective deleted block file associated with a respective block backup file associated with a respective deduplicated data block reaches a determined threshold value;
remove, for each reference to a deleted deduplicated data block in the respective deleted block file, all copies of deduplicated data blocks referenced in the deleted block file that have a time stamp earlier than a deletion time stamp from the respective block backup file, and reset the respective deleted block file. 10. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is configured to, for rebuilding the database;
process, for each respective deduplicated data block not referenced in the associated deleted block file with a time stamp more recent than a deletion time stamp, a most recent copy of the respective deduplicated data block in the respective block backup file, wherein the processing of each respective deduplicated data block includes incrementing a reference count of each data segment referenced by the respective deduplicated data block, and inserting the deduplicated data block into the database. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the apparatus is further configured to store, in association with each block backup file in the repository, a reference file for storing a list of references and a position of each associated deduplicated data block in the block backup file. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, for accelerating a restoration of the received data block;
lookup, in a reference file, a respective position in the block backup file of the copy of the deduplicated data block associated with the received data block, and restore the received data block from the copy of the deduplicated data block and from the data segments in the containers referenced by the copy of the deduplicated data block. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, further configured to, for allowing instant restoration the received data block and other received data blocks in the apparatus before the database is rebuilt,
lookup in all the reference files the positions in the block backup files of the copies of the deduplicated data blocks associated with all the received data blocks. 14. The apparatus according to claim 1, further configured to backup the repository in a remote repository. 15. A method for storing a received data block as one or more deduplicated data blocks, the method comprising:
storing, in a repository, one or more containers, each container storing one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment, storing, in a database, a plurality of deduplicated data blocks, each deduplicated data block containing a plurality of references to the data segments of the received data block and to the containers storing the data segments of the received data block, maintaining, in the repository, a plurality of block backup files, each block backup file storing a copy of one or more of the plurality of deduplicated data blocks, and associating a respective deduplicated data block stored in the database with a respective block backup file storing a copy of the respective deduplicated data block. 16. A computer program product comprising a program code for controlling an apparatus according to claim 1. 17. A computer program product comprising a program code for performing, when running on a computer, the method according to claim 15. | The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for storing a received data block as one or more deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus includes a repository storing one or more containers, each container storing one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment. The apparatus further includes a database storing a plurality of deduplicated data blocks, each deduplicated data block containing a plurality of references to the data segments of the received data block and to the containers storing said data segments. The apparatus is configured to maintain, in the repository, a plurality of block backup files, each block backup file storing a copy of one or more deduplicated data blocks. The apparatus is configured to associate a deduplicated data block in the database with the block backup file in which a copy of the deduplicated data block is stored.1. An apparatus for storing a received data block as one or more deduplicated data blocks, the apparatus comprising:
a repository, the repository storing one or more containers, each container storing one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment; and a database, the database storing a plurality of deduplicated data blocks, each deduplicated data block containing a plurality of references to the data segments of the received data block and to the containers storing the data segments of the received data block, wherein the apparatus is configured to maintain, in the repository, a plurality of block backup files, each block backup file storing a copy of one or more of the plurality of deduplicated data blocks, and wherein the apparatus is configured to associate a respective deduplicated data block stored in the database with a respective block backup file storing a copy of the respective deduplicated data block. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to associate the respective deduplicated data block stored in the database with the respective block backup file storing the copy of the respective deduplicated data block by adding, to the respective deduplicated data block, a reference to the respective block backup file. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the database further includes a deduplication index. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the segment metadata for a respective data segment includes at least a reference count indicating number of deduplicated data blocks referring to the respective data segment. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to sequentially write a plurality of respective deduplicated data blocks into a respective block backup file, and add a time stamp to each of the plurality of respective deduplicated data blocks sequentially written into the respective block backup file. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, for recovering a respective deduplicated data block from a respective block backup file, use only a deduplicated data block having a latest time stamp. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is further configured to store, in association with each respective block backup file in the repository, a deleted block file for storing a reference to each deleted deduplicated data block associated with the respective block backup file. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, for deleting a selected deduplicated data block;
write a reference to the selected deduplicated data block to be deleted with a deletion time stamp into the respective deleted block file associated with the respective block backup file associated with the selected deduplicated data block, delete the selected deduplicated data block from the database, and modify the segment metadata for each data segment of the selected deduplicated data block in the repository. 9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, when a size of the respective deleted block file associated with a respective block backup file associated with a respective deduplicated data block reaches a determined threshold value;
remove, for each reference to a deleted deduplicated data block in the respective deleted block file, all copies of deduplicated data blocks referenced in the deleted block file that have a time stamp earlier than a deletion time stamp from the respective block backup file, and reset the respective deleted block file. 10. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the apparatus is configured to, for rebuilding the database;
process, for each respective deduplicated data block not referenced in the associated deleted block file with a time stamp more recent than a deletion time stamp, a most recent copy of the respective deduplicated data block in the respective block backup file, wherein the processing of each respective deduplicated data block includes incrementing a reference count of each data segment referenced by the respective deduplicated data block, and inserting the deduplicated data block into the database. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the apparatus is further configured to store, in association with each block backup file in the repository, a reference file for storing a list of references and a position of each associated deduplicated data block in the block backup file. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the apparatus is further configured to, for accelerating a restoration of the received data block;
lookup, in a reference file, a respective position in the block backup file of the copy of the deduplicated data block associated with the received data block, and restore the received data block from the copy of the deduplicated data block and from the data segments in the containers referenced by the copy of the deduplicated data block. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, further configured to, for allowing instant restoration the received data block and other received data blocks in the apparatus before the database is rebuilt,
lookup in all the reference files the positions in the block backup files of the copies of the deduplicated data blocks associated with all the received data blocks. 14. The apparatus according to claim 1, further configured to backup the repository in a remote repository. 15. A method for storing a received data block as one or more deduplicated data blocks, the method comprising:
storing, in a repository, one or more containers, each container storing one or more data segments and segment metadata for each data segment, storing, in a database, a plurality of deduplicated data blocks, each deduplicated data block containing a plurality of references to the data segments of the received data block and to the containers storing the data segments of the received data block, maintaining, in the repository, a plurality of block backup files, each block backup file storing a copy of one or more of the plurality of deduplicated data blocks, and associating a respective deduplicated data block stored in the database with a respective block backup file storing a copy of the respective deduplicated data block. 16. A computer program product comprising a program code for controlling an apparatus according to claim 1. 17. A computer program product comprising a program code for performing, when running on a computer, the method according to claim 15. | 3,600 |
339,899 | 16,800,882 | 3,619 | A method of gaming comprising: determining which of a plurality of gaming devices, each operable for independent play of one or more games, are eligible for an additional game; initiating an additional game; and determining in response to initiation of the additional game, which eligible gaming devices will participate in the initiated additional game, the determination including a random determination in respect of at least one of the eligible gaming devices to determine whether the respective eligible gaming device will participate in the additional game. | 1. A gaming system comprising:
a plurality of gaming machines, each operable to play a base game, having modules to generate statuses of the gaming machines, respectively; a display associated with the plurality of gaming machines; and a game controller in communication with one or more of the plurality of gaming machines and operable to:
monitor for receipt a trigger signal from one of the gaming machines,
poll the plurality of gaming machines for a plurality of statuses, respectively, via respective modules in response to a trigger received from a first gaming machine of the plurality of gaming machines,
determine a plurality of eligible gaming machines from among the plurality of gaming machines in response to the statuses meeting an eligibity rule,
randomly determine a subset of the eligible gaming machines to participate in one or more feature games together with the first gaming machine with one or more of a plurality of random numbers generated by a random number generator,
assign probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset, and
present an award when one or more of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset win the one or more feature games. 2. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller assigns even probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 3. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the first gaming machine generates the trigger in response to a trigger event occurring on one of the eligible gaming machines. 4. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each of the statuses reveals whether a corresponding gaming machine is active or inactive within a designated period. 5. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each of the statuses reveals whether a designated wager has been made. 6. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further randomly assigns, via the random number generator, the probabilities of winning to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 7. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller assigns a higher probability of winning the one or more feature games to the first gaming machine with respect to the subset of the eligible gaming machines. 8. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further randomly assigns, via the random number generator, different probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 9. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the modules allows the respective gaming machine to be identified. 10. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further randomly selects, via the random number generator, one of a plurality of different jackpot levels to be the award for the one or more feature games. 11. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further presents the award to one of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 12. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the award is one of a plurality of jackpots, and wherein the game controller further determines which of the plurality ofjackpots is to be presented. 13. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further assigns relative probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 14. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further assigns absolute probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 15. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the one or more feature games include a first feature game and a second feature game that is different from the first feature game, and wherein the first gaming machine plays the first feature game, and a second gaming machine plays the second feature game. 16. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the one or more feature games include a first feature game, and wherein the first gaming machine and a second gaming machine play the first feature game. 17. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller determines a second subset of the eligible gaming machines not to participate in the one or more feature games. 18. The gaming system of claim 17, wherein the game controller assigns even probabilities of winning the one or more feature games from each of the second subset of the eligible gaming machines to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 19. The gaming system of claim 17, wherein the game controller assigns even probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the second subset of the eligible gaming machines, and each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 20. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller sends a winning outcome to the one or more of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset that win the one or more feature games. | A method of gaming comprising: determining which of a plurality of gaming devices, each operable for independent play of one or more games, are eligible for an additional game; initiating an additional game; and determining in response to initiation of the additional game, which eligible gaming devices will participate in the initiated additional game, the determination including a random determination in respect of at least one of the eligible gaming devices to determine whether the respective eligible gaming device will participate in the additional game.1. A gaming system comprising:
a plurality of gaming machines, each operable to play a base game, having modules to generate statuses of the gaming machines, respectively; a display associated with the plurality of gaming machines; and a game controller in communication with one or more of the plurality of gaming machines and operable to:
monitor for receipt a trigger signal from one of the gaming machines,
poll the plurality of gaming machines for a plurality of statuses, respectively, via respective modules in response to a trigger received from a first gaming machine of the plurality of gaming machines,
determine a plurality of eligible gaming machines from among the plurality of gaming machines in response to the statuses meeting an eligibity rule,
randomly determine a subset of the eligible gaming machines to participate in one or more feature games together with the first gaming machine with one or more of a plurality of random numbers generated by a random number generator,
assign probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset, and
present an award when one or more of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset win the one or more feature games. 2. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller assigns even probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 3. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the first gaming machine generates the trigger in response to a trigger event occurring on one of the eligible gaming machines. 4. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each of the statuses reveals whether a corresponding gaming machine is active or inactive within a designated period. 5. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each of the statuses reveals whether a designated wager has been made. 6. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further randomly assigns, via the random number generator, the probabilities of winning to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 7. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller assigns a higher probability of winning the one or more feature games to the first gaming machine with respect to the subset of the eligible gaming machines. 8. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further randomly assigns, via the random number generator, different probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 9. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the modules allows the respective gaming machine to be identified. 10. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further randomly selects, via the random number generator, one of a plurality of different jackpot levels to be the award for the one or more feature games. 11. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further presents the award to one of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 12. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the award is one of a plurality of jackpots, and wherein the game controller further determines which of the plurality ofjackpots is to be presented. 13. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further assigns relative probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 14. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller further assigns absolute probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 15. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the one or more feature games include a first feature game and a second feature game that is different from the first feature game, and wherein the first gaming machine plays the first feature game, and a second gaming machine plays the second feature game. 16. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the one or more feature games include a first feature game, and wherein the first gaming machine and a second gaming machine play the first feature game. 17. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller determines a second subset of the eligible gaming machines not to participate in the one or more feature games. 18. The gaming system of claim 17, wherein the game controller assigns even probabilities of winning the one or more feature games from each of the second subset of the eligible gaming machines to each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 19. The gaming system of claim 17, wherein the game controller assigns even probabilities of winning the one or more feature games to each of the second subset of the eligible gaming machines, and each of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset. 20. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein the game controller sends a winning outcome to the one or more of the first gaming machine and the eligible gaming machines in the subset that win the one or more feature games. | 3,600 |
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