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339,000 | 16,799,878 | 2,875 | Provided is a method of manufacturing a stator or a rotor of an electrical machine, the steps of: modelling a plurality of model segments circumferentially joined together in such a way that two circumferentially adjacent model segments contacts each other at respective circumferential interfaces, the plurality of model segments including a plurality of model teeth interposed between a plurality of slots, manufacturing the segmented body in such a way that at least the two end slots are circumferentially shifted away from the circumferential interfaces of the respective model segment for creating respective gap portions of the circumferential gap, the sum of the circumferentially shifts of the at least two end slots being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions, circumferentially joining the plurality of segments together in such a way that two gap portions of two adjacent segments forms the respective circumferential gap. | 1. A method of manufacturing a stator or a rotor of an electrical machine, the stator or rotor including a plurality of segments circumferentially joined together in such a way that a circumferential gap is interposed between two circumferentially adjacent stator segments, each segment including a segment body circumferentially extending about a longitudinal axis of the stator segment between a first circumferential end and a second circumferential end, the segmented body including:
a plurality of teeth protruding from a yoke of the segment body, the plurality of teeth being circumferentially distributed between two end teeth of the plurality of teeth, the plurality of teeth comprising at least one intermediate tooth circumferentially including between the end teeth, 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each tooth circumferentially extends between two respective side faces and in the step of manufacturing the segmented body the circumferential width of each end tooth is reduced by circumferentially shifting away from the respective circumferential interface the respective side face being closer to the respective circumferential interface, the sum of the circumferential shifts of the side faces being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions. 3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step of manufacturing the segmented body the circumferential widths of the end teeth are reduced on both sides faces and the end teeth are circumferentially shifted away from the respective circumferential interface in order that the slots widths are kept equal to the model slots, the sum of the reduction of the circumferential widths and of the shifts of the end teeth being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions. 4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of manufacturing the segmented body each slot is circumferentially shifted away from the respective circumferential interface of the respective model segment which is closer to the respective circumferential interface, the sum of the circumferential shifts of the slots being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions. 5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method includes the further step of dividing each model segments in two halves, each half model segment circumferentially extending between a respective circumferential interface and a circumferential middle section intermediate between the two circumferential interfaces,
each slot of each half model segment being shifted by shifting a side face of a respective tooth, the side face being oriented towards the respective circumferential interface. | Provided is a method of manufacturing a stator or a rotor of an electrical machine, the steps of: modelling a plurality of model segments circumferentially joined together in such a way that two circumferentially adjacent model segments contacts each other at respective circumferential interfaces, the plurality of model segments including a plurality of model teeth interposed between a plurality of slots, manufacturing the segmented body in such a way that at least the two end slots are circumferentially shifted away from the circumferential interfaces of the respective model segment for creating respective gap portions of the circumferential gap, the sum of the circumferentially shifts of the at least two end slots being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions, circumferentially joining the plurality of segments together in such a way that two gap portions of two adjacent segments forms the respective circumferential gap.1. A method of manufacturing a stator or a rotor of an electrical machine, the stator or rotor including a plurality of segments circumferentially joined together in such a way that a circumferential gap is interposed between two circumferentially adjacent stator segments, each segment including a segment body circumferentially extending about a longitudinal axis of the stator segment between a first circumferential end and a second circumferential end, the segmented body including:
a plurality of teeth protruding from a yoke of the segment body, the plurality of teeth being circumferentially distributed between two end teeth of the plurality of teeth, the plurality of teeth comprising at least one intermediate tooth circumferentially including between the end teeth, 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each tooth circumferentially extends between two respective side faces and in the step of manufacturing the segmented body the circumferential width of each end tooth is reduced by circumferentially shifting away from the respective circumferential interface the respective side face being closer to the respective circumferential interface, the sum of the circumferential shifts of the side faces being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions. 3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step of manufacturing the segmented body the circumferential widths of the end teeth are reduced on both sides faces and the end teeth are circumferentially shifted away from the respective circumferential interface in order that the slots widths are kept equal to the model slots, the sum of the reduction of the circumferential widths and of the shifts of the end teeth being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions. 4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of manufacturing the segmented body each slot is circumferentially shifted away from the respective circumferential interface of the respective model segment which is closer to the respective circumferential interface, the sum of the circumferential shifts of the slots being equal to the sum of the circumferential extensions of the gap portions. 5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method includes the further step of dividing each model segments in two halves, each half model segment circumferentially extending between a respective circumferential interface and a circumferential middle section intermediate between the two circumferential interfaces,
each slot of each half model segment being shifted by shifting a side face of a respective tooth, the side face being oriented towards the respective circumferential interface. | 2,800 |
339,001 | 16,799,863 | 2,662 | A method for image processing at different illumination conditions, the method may include acquiring an image of an environment of a vehicle; selecting a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculating an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; selecting a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and processing the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results. | 1. A method for image processing at different illumination conditions, the method comprises:
acquiring an image of an environment of a vehicle; selecting a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculating an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; selecting a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and processing the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results. 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the set of pixels is formed by less than one percent of overall pixels of the image. 3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the region of interest is an inverted triangular. 4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the region of interest is an inverted trapezoid. 5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the region of interest is an inverted triangular or an inverted trapezoid having an upper base that extends substantially along an entire width of the image. 6. The method according to claim 1 comprising receiving or generating a rough estimate of a location of a sky and determining the region of interest to fall within the rough estimate of the location of the sky. 7. The method according to claim 1 wherein locations of the set of pixels are predefined. 8. The method according to claim 1 wherein the selecting of the set of pixels, the calculating of the illumination condition indicator and the selecting of the selected machine learning process are executed in real time. 9. The method according to claim 1 wherein the machine learning processes are a night flavor machine learning process and a day flavor machine learning process. 10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the set of pixels are a grid of spaced apart pixels. 11. The method according to claim 1 wherein the machine learning processes are trained to understand the environment of the vehicle. 12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises object detection. 13. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises lane detection. 14. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises sign recognition. 15. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises prediction of future movements of objects within the environment. 16. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises performing at least partial autonomous driving. 17. A non-transitory computer readable medium that stores instructions for:
acquiring an image of an environment of a vehicle; selecting a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculating an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; selecting a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and processing the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results. 18. A device comprising at least one units that are configured to
acquire an image of an environment of a vehicle; select a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculate an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; select a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and process the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results. | A method for image processing at different illumination conditions, the method may include acquiring an image of an environment of a vehicle; selecting a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculating an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; selecting a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and processing the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results.1. A method for image processing at different illumination conditions, the method comprises:
acquiring an image of an environment of a vehicle; selecting a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculating an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; selecting a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and processing the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results. 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the set of pixels is formed by less than one percent of overall pixels of the image. 3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the region of interest is an inverted triangular. 4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the region of interest is an inverted trapezoid. 5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the region of interest is an inverted triangular or an inverted trapezoid having an upper base that extends substantially along an entire width of the image. 6. The method according to claim 1 comprising receiving or generating a rough estimate of a location of a sky and determining the region of interest to fall within the rough estimate of the location of the sky. 7. The method according to claim 1 wherein locations of the set of pixels are predefined. 8. The method according to claim 1 wherein the selecting of the set of pixels, the calculating of the illumination condition indicator and the selecting of the selected machine learning process are executed in real time. 9. The method according to claim 1 wherein the machine learning processes are a night flavor machine learning process and a day flavor machine learning process. 10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the set of pixels are a grid of spaced apart pixels. 11. The method according to claim 1 wherein the machine learning processes are trained to understand the environment of the vehicle. 12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises object detection. 13. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises lane detection. 14. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises sign recognition. 15. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises prediction of future movements of objects within the environment. 16. The method according to claim 1 wherein the processing comprises performing at least partial autonomous driving. 17. A non-transitory computer readable medium that stores instructions for:
acquiring an image of an environment of a vehicle; selecting a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculating an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; selecting a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and processing the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results. 18. A device comprising at least one units that are configured to
acquire an image of an environment of a vehicle; select a set of pixels located within a region of interest that is located at an upper part of the image; calculate an illumination condition indicator based on values of the set of pixels; select a selected machine learning process, out of a machine learning processes, based on the illumination condition indicator; wherein different machine learning processes are trained to different illumination conditions; and process the image by the selected machine learning process to provide processing results. | 2,600 |
339,002 | 16,799,883 | 2,662 | A method and apparatus for notifying authors of a statistical anomaly in paperwork is described herein. During operation information within fields of the paperwork will be identified that statistically differ from information contained in other paperwork from the same incident and/or other paperwork from similar incidents. | 1. An apparatus comprising:
a database configured to store paperwork describing public-safety incidents; logic circuitry configured to:
receive new paperwork describing a first public-safety incident;
access the database to determine stored similar paperwork, wherein the stored similar paperwork comprises information about multiple public-safety events similar to the first public-safety incident;
compare information within form fields in the new paperwork to the information within form fields of the similar paperwork in order to determine anomalies in any information within form fields in the new paperwork; and
output an instruction to identify any field of the new paperwork that has anomalous information. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the paperwork describing public-safety incidents stored in the database comprise paperwork describing past public-safety incidents. 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the instruction to identify comprises an instruction to highlight, bold, italicize, circle, use a particular colored text, use a particular font, or bold text. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 where the logic circuitry determines anomalies by determining a distribution of form fields in the stored similar paperwork, and determining anomalies by determining the information within a particular form field in the new paperwork is a statistical outlier when compared to the distribution. 5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the distribution comprises a Normal distribution, a Bernoulli distribution, a Beta-Binomial distribution, a Degenerate distribution, Binomial distribution, degenerate distribution, a Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution, a Poisson distribution, a Skellam distribution, or a Beta distribution. 6. An method comprising the steps of:
storing paperwork describing public-safety incidents within a database; receiving new paperwork describing a first public-safety incident; accessing the database to determine stored similar paperwork, wherein the stored similar paperwork comprises information about multiple public-safety events similar to the first public-safety event; comparing information within form fields in the new paperwork to the information within form fields of the similar paperwork in order to determine anomalies in any information within form fields in the new paperwork; and outputting an instruction to identify any field of the new paperwork that has anomalous information. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein the paperwork describing public-safety incidents stored in the database comprise paperwork describing past public-safety incidents. 8. The method of claim 6 wherein the instruction to identify comprises an instruction to highlight, bold, italicize, circle, use a particular colored text, use a particular font, or bold text. 9. The method of claim 6 where the anomalies are determined by determining a distribution of form fields in the stored similar paperwork, and determining anomalies by determining the information within a particular form field in the new paperwork is a statistical outlier when compared to the distribution. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the distribution comprises a Normal distribution, a Bernoulli distribution, a Beta-Binomial distribution, a Degenerate distribution, Binomial distribution, degenerate distribution, a Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution, a Poisson distribution, a Skellam distribution, or a Beta distribution. 11. An method comprising the steps of:
storing paperwork describing past public-safety incidents; receiving new paperwork describing a first public-safety incident; accessing the database to determine stored similar paperwork, wherein the stored similar paperwork comprises information about multiple public-safety events similar to the first public-safety event; comparing information within form fields in the new paperwork to the information within form fields of the similar paperwork in order to determine anomalies in any information within form fields in the new paperwork; and outputting an instruction to identify any field of the new paperwork that has anomalous information, wherein the instruction to identify comprises an instruction to highlight, bold, italicize, circle, use a particular colored text, use a particular font, or bold text; and wherein the anomalies are determined by determining a distribution of form fields in the stored similar paperwork, and determining anomalies by determining the information within a particular form field in the new paperwork is a statistical outlier when compared to the distribution. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the distribution comprises a Normal distribution, a Bernoulli distribution, a Beta-Binomial distribution, a Degenerate distribution, Binomial distribution, degenerate distribution, a Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution, a Poisson distribution, a Skellam distribution, or a Beta distribution. | A method and apparatus for notifying authors of a statistical anomaly in paperwork is described herein. During operation information within fields of the paperwork will be identified that statistically differ from information contained in other paperwork from the same incident and/or other paperwork from similar incidents.1. An apparatus comprising:
a database configured to store paperwork describing public-safety incidents; logic circuitry configured to:
receive new paperwork describing a first public-safety incident;
access the database to determine stored similar paperwork, wherein the stored similar paperwork comprises information about multiple public-safety events similar to the first public-safety incident;
compare information within form fields in the new paperwork to the information within form fields of the similar paperwork in order to determine anomalies in any information within form fields in the new paperwork; and
output an instruction to identify any field of the new paperwork that has anomalous information. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the paperwork describing public-safety incidents stored in the database comprise paperwork describing past public-safety incidents. 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the instruction to identify comprises an instruction to highlight, bold, italicize, circle, use a particular colored text, use a particular font, or bold text. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 where the logic circuitry determines anomalies by determining a distribution of form fields in the stored similar paperwork, and determining anomalies by determining the information within a particular form field in the new paperwork is a statistical outlier when compared to the distribution. 5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the distribution comprises a Normal distribution, a Bernoulli distribution, a Beta-Binomial distribution, a Degenerate distribution, Binomial distribution, degenerate distribution, a Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution, a Poisson distribution, a Skellam distribution, or a Beta distribution. 6. An method comprising the steps of:
storing paperwork describing public-safety incidents within a database; receiving new paperwork describing a first public-safety incident; accessing the database to determine stored similar paperwork, wherein the stored similar paperwork comprises information about multiple public-safety events similar to the first public-safety event; comparing information within form fields in the new paperwork to the information within form fields of the similar paperwork in order to determine anomalies in any information within form fields in the new paperwork; and outputting an instruction to identify any field of the new paperwork that has anomalous information. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein the paperwork describing public-safety incidents stored in the database comprise paperwork describing past public-safety incidents. 8. The method of claim 6 wherein the instruction to identify comprises an instruction to highlight, bold, italicize, circle, use a particular colored text, use a particular font, or bold text. 9. The method of claim 6 where the anomalies are determined by determining a distribution of form fields in the stored similar paperwork, and determining anomalies by determining the information within a particular form field in the new paperwork is a statistical outlier when compared to the distribution. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the distribution comprises a Normal distribution, a Bernoulli distribution, a Beta-Binomial distribution, a Degenerate distribution, Binomial distribution, degenerate distribution, a Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution, a Poisson distribution, a Skellam distribution, or a Beta distribution. 11. An method comprising the steps of:
storing paperwork describing past public-safety incidents; receiving new paperwork describing a first public-safety incident; accessing the database to determine stored similar paperwork, wherein the stored similar paperwork comprises information about multiple public-safety events similar to the first public-safety event; comparing information within form fields in the new paperwork to the information within form fields of the similar paperwork in order to determine anomalies in any information within form fields in the new paperwork; and outputting an instruction to identify any field of the new paperwork that has anomalous information, wherein the instruction to identify comprises an instruction to highlight, bold, italicize, circle, use a particular colored text, use a particular font, or bold text; and wherein the anomalies are determined by determining a distribution of form fields in the stored similar paperwork, and determining anomalies by determining the information within a particular form field in the new paperwork is a statistical outlier when compared to the distribution. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the distribution comprises a Normal distribution, a Bernoulli distribution, a Beta-Binomial distribution, a Degenerate distribution, Binomial distribution, degenerate distribution, a Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution, a Poisson distribution, a Skellam distribution, or a Beta distribution. | 2,600 |
339,003 | 16,799,871 | 2,145 | Some embodiments provide a method for defining security groups in a network. In a user interface, the method displays (i) a set of existing security groups and (ii) a set of recommend security groups based on monitored network flows in the network. Each existing security group and recommended security group includes at least one data compute node (DCN). The method provides a user interface tool for (i) accepting recommended security groups to be part of the set of existing security groups and (ii) adding DCNs from the recommended security groups to the existing security groups. Security rules are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups. | 1. A method for defining security groups in a network, the method comprising:
in a user interface, displaying (i) a set of existing security groups and (ii) a set of recommend security groups based on monitored network flows in the network, each existing security group and recommended security group comprising at least one data compute node (DCN); providing a user interface tool for (i) accepting recommended security groups to be part of the set of existing security groups and (ii) adding DCNs from the recommended security groups to the existing security groups, wherein security rules are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
via the user interface tool, receiving acceptance of a recommended security group; and based on the acceptance, adding the recommended security group to the set of existing security groups. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, via the user interface tool, addition of a DCN to a particular existing security group. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the DCN was part of a recommended security group. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the DCN was not previously organized into a security group. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, via the user interface tool, instructions to remove a particular existing security group; and removing the particular existing security group from the set of existing security groups 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, via the user interface tool, a merger of a recommended security group with an existing security group. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of the security groups comprise sets of IP addresses. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, through the user interface, data defining designating a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes, wherein each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying a set of recommended security rules. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the security rules that are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups comprise at least one recommended security rule from the set of recommended security rules. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of DCNs comprise unresolved DCNs (i) that have not been organized into any one of the plurality of security groups and (ii) that have not been assigned firewall rules. 13. A non-transitory machine readable medium storing a program which when executed by at least one processing unit defines security groups in a network, the program comprising sets of instructions for:
in a user interface, displaying (i) a set of existing security groups and (ii) a set of recommend security groups based on monitored network flows in the network, each existing security group and recommended security group comprising at least one data compute node (DCN); providing a user interface tool for (i) accepting recommended security groups to be part of the set of existing security groups and (ii) adding DCNs from the recommended security groups to the existing security groups, wherein security rules are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups. 14. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises sets of instructions for:
via the user interface tool, receiving acceptance of a recommended security group; and based on the acceptance, adding the recommended security group to the set of existing security groups. 15. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, via the user interface tool, addition of a DCN to a particular existing security group. 16. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the DCN was part of a recommended security group. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the program further comprises sets of instructions for:
receiving, via the user interface tool, instructions to remove a particular existing security group; and removing the particular existing security group from the set of existing security groups 18. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, via the user interface tool, a merger of a recommended security group with an existing security group. 19. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, through the user interface, data defining designating a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes, wherein each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation. 20. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein a subset of DCNs comprise unresolved DCNs (i) that have not been organized into any one of the plurality of security groups and (ii) that have not been assigned firewall rules. | Some embodiments provide a method for defining security groups in a network. In a user interface, the method displays (i) a set of existing security groups and (ii) a set of recommend security groups based on monitored network flows in the network. Each existing security group and recommended security group includes at least one data compute node (DCN). The method provides a user interface tool for (i) accepting recommended security groups to be part of the set of existing security groups and (ii) adding DCNs from the recommended security groups to the existing security groups. Security rules are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups.1. A method for defining security groups in a network, the method comprising:
in a user interface, displaying (i) a set of existing security groups and (ii) a set of recommend security groups based on monitored network flows in the network, each existing security group and recommended security group comprising at least one data compute node (DCN); providing a user interface tool for (i) accepting recommended security groups to be part of the set of existing security groups and (ii) adding DCNs from the recommended security groups to the existing security groups, wherein security rules are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
via the user interface tool, receiving acceptance of a recommended security group; and based on the acceptance, adding the recommended security group to the set of existing security groups. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, via the user interface tool, addition of a DCN to a particular existing security group. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the DCN was part of a recommended security group. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the DCN was not previously organized into a security group. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, via the user interface tool, instructions to remove a particular existing security group; and removing the particular existing security group from the set of existing security groups 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, via the user interface tool, a merger of a recommended security group with an existing security group. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of the security groups comprise sets of IP addresses. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, through the user interface, data defining designating a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes, wherein each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying a set of recommended security rules. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the security rules that are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups comprise at least one recommended security rule from the set of recommended security rules. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of DCNs comprise unresolved DCNs (i) that have not been organized into any one of the plurality of security groups and (ii) that have not been assigned firewall rules. 13. A non-transitory machine readable medium storing a program which when executed by at least one processing unit defines security groups in a network, the program comprising sets of instructions for:
in a user interface, displaying (i) a set of existing security groups and (ii) a set of recommend security groups based on monitored network flows in the network, each existing security group and recommended security group comprising at least one data compute node (DCN); providing a user interface tool for (i) accepting recommended security groups to be part of the set of existing security groups and (ii) adding DCNs from the recommended security groups to the existing security groups, wherein security rules are defined and implemented in the network for DCNs belonging to existing security groups. 14. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises sets of instructions for:
via the user interface tool, receiving acceptance of a recommended security group; and based on the acceptance, adding the recommended security group to the set of existing security groups. 15. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, via the user interface tool, addition of a DCN to a particular existing security group. 16. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the DCN was part of a recommended security group. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the program further comprises sets of instructions for:
receiving, via the user interface tool, instructions to remove a particular existing security group; and removing the particular existing security group from the set of existing security groups 18. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, via the user interface tool, a merger of a recommended security group with an existing security group. 19. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, through the user interface, data defining designating a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes, wherein each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation. 20. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 13, wherein a subset of DCNs comprise unresolved DCNs (i) that have not been organized into any one of the plurality of security groups and (ii) that have not been assigned firewall rules. | 2,100 |
339,004 | 16,799,845 | 3,715 | An apparatus comprised of flexible gores that are serially connected to each other at their lateral adjoining edges. These gores have a hole in their polar region and a drawstring runs through the gores' holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the drawstring pulls the gores' polar regions together and a radial three dimensional shape forms. | 1. An apparatus comprised of a plurality of flexible gores (each gore being comprised of at least one hemispheric segment) that are serially connected to each other at their lateral adjoining edges, thus forming a sheet; and a plurality of the gore segments of at least one of two hemisphere segment series have a hole in at least near their segment pole such that at least one drawstring can sequentially and unidirectionally be made to run through a plurality of the above stated holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the segment poles that have the drawstring running through their holes will be drawn together and cause the imaginary planes that run across those holes to at least approach stacking on top of each other, and cause an at least partially radial three dimensional shape to form. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising, in an embodiment in which there are two hemisphere segment series, a drawstring which is threaded through the sheet's segment's holes in the following manner, but following any order of threading:
i. at either of the terminal gores of the sheet, the drawstring runs longitudinally up and down the inner face of that gore towards the two polar holes;
ii. the two opposite ends of the drawstring are threaded from the inner face towards the outer face of each of the two polar holes;
iii. for each of the two hemisphere segment series, the drawstring continues to be threaded serially through the polar hole of the adjacent segment, always entering from the inner face side of the hole, and exiting on the outer face side of the hole, until all the polar holes that require threading on each hemisphere segment series have been threaded, and the drawstring's two ends are now situated at the sheet's opposite terminal gore's two poles, such that;
iv. when the drawstring ends are pulled and the three dimensional shape forms, the drawstring runs substantially through the axis of the formed three dimensional shape. 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and last gore in the sheet are also connected to each other, thereby forming a continuous loop of gores. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the gores are serially connected to each other at their widest transverse area. 5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least two adjacent gores' edges are connected to each other at a longitudinal location where, for at least one of the gores, the transverse width is narrower than the widest transverse location of that gore. 6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one drawstring securing mechanism, which is adapted to prevent the three dimensional shape from at least partially resuming its sheet shape after the three dimensional shape has formed, is incorporated into the apparatus, such a drawstring securing mechanism including, but not limited to a knot, clip, tab, bead, hook, rubber disc, and recoiling spring. 7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the segments is different from the other segments in at least one of the following ways: shape and size. 8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment of at least one gore has one quadrant's edge length being longer than the segment's other quadrant's edge length, causing at least one segment to be slanted such that it is not extending perpendicularly away from the imaginary line that runs parallel to the width of the sheet, but rather at an oblique angle. 9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one quadrant has an irregular shape edge. 10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment will not be threaded by the drawstring, causing it to remain relatively flat and thus distal to its formed three dimensional shape's corresponding hemisphere's pole, relative to other threaded segments, once the drawstring pulls the other threaded segments' poles towards their corresponding hemisphere's pole to form the three dimensional shape. 11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the following: color and texture, are applied to at least one portion of the sheet on at least one side of the sheet, such application including, but not limited to printing, foil stamping, varnishing, embossing, painting, and drawing an image. 12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein, when there are two hemisphere segment series in the apparatus, there are at least two drawstrings such that:
i. there is at least one drawstring per hemisphere segment series;
ii. the drawstring of one hemisphere segment series is separate from the drawstring of the opposite hemisphere segment series;
iii. for each of the drawstrings' ends that will become situated on the inside of the three dimensional shape, at least one drawstring securing mechanism is incorporated to prevent either of the two hemisphere's drawstrings from being pulled out of their respective polar holes once the drawstrings are pulled. 13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein, in an embodiment in which there are two hemisphere segment series, at least one drawstring is threaded through the sheet's segment's holes in the following manner, but following any order of threading:
i. at either of the terminal gores of the sheet, the drawstring runs longitudinally up and down the outer face of that gore towards the two polar holes;
ii. the two opposite ends of the drawstring are threaded from the outer face towards the inner face of each of the two polar holes;
iii. for each of the two hemisphere segment series, the drawstring continues to be threaded serially through the polar hole of the adjacent segment, always entering from the outer face side of the hole, and exiting on the inner face of the hole, until all the polar holes that require threading on each hemisphere segment series have been threaded, and the drawstring's two ends are now situated at the sheet's opposite terminal gore's two poles;
iv. at least one drawstring securing mechanism is incorporated for each of the drawstring's ends to prevent either end of the drawstring from being pulled out of its respective polar holes once the drawstring is pulled; and
v. to form the three dimensional shape, said drawstring is pulled such that the segment of the drawstring which runs from one hemisphere to the other hemisphere becomes situated on the exterior of the three dimensional shape. 14. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one point of the interior of the three dimensional shape that forms is capable of being a light source by means including, but not limited to being able to have a light source attached to it, a light source being incorporated into it, at least part of the drawstring being an electric wire capable of conveying electricity from an electric source outside the three dimensional shape to the interior of the three dimensional shape once it forms. 15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one object is incorporated into the apparatus such as to have the object situated on the interior of the resulting three dimensional shape, by means including, but not limited to:
i. attaching the object to the part of the drawstring that becomes situated inside the resulting three dimensional shape;
ii. attaching the object to any other part of the apparatus such that the object can then become situated on the interior of the resulting three dimensional shape, and;
iii. attaching the object after the three dimensional shape is formed. 16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one means of bending exists in at least one point of the sheet to enable at least one point of the resulting three dimensional shape to form not by the arching of the sheet at that area, but at least partially by bending of the sheet; such means including, but not limited to scoring lines, perforation and cutting in the sheet material. 17. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one area of the sheet is adapted to become a substantially flat facet in the resulting three dimensional shape by precluding any cuts to run through that facet's area, where said cuts would otherwise have enable the sheet in that area to do at least one of the following: arch and bend once the drawstring is pulled. 18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment of the sheet does not end at its segment pole, but rather continues on distally past the hole's region, such continuation including, but not limited to:
i. at least one flap that is distal beyond the hole;
ii. these continuing flaps being adapted into the shape of gores with holes at their distal poles such that they too can have at least one drawstring running through them in order to cause them to form a second level three dimensional shape that sits atop the original three dimensional shape. 19. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheet is adapted to be wider than the circumference of the resulting three dimensional shape in at least one of the following ways:
i. at least one extension tab existing on at least one of the terminal gores; and
ii. at least one lateral gore is made to overlap the opposite lateral gore in the resulting three dimensional shape. 20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment is not reflectively symmetrically situated opposite its polar counterpart segment, such that it is staggered relative to at least one corresponding segment of the opposite hemisphere. 21. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein there is at least one hole in the sheet other than the holes through which the drawstring is threaded. 22. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein there are polar holes only in one hemisphere's segments which have a drawstring running through them, thus resulting in a uni-polar three dimensional shape. 23. An apparatus comprised of a plurality of flexible gores (each gore being comprised of at least one hemispheric segment) that are serially adjacent to each other and connected to each other such that at least two adjacent gores do not abut, but rather are connected to each other by a bridge strip, and a plurality of the gore segments of at least one of two hemisphere segment series have a hole in at least near their segment pole, such that at least one drawstring can sequentially and unidirectionally be made to run through a plurality of the above stated holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the segment poles that have the drawstring running through their holes will be drawn together and cause the imaginary planes that run across those holes to at least approach stacking on top of each other, and cause an at least partially radial three dimensional shape to form. 24. An apparatus comprised of a plurality of flexible gores that are connected to each other at one of their poles, such that the gores radiate out from a central polar area, and such that a plurality of the distal opposite polar regions of the gores have a hole in them, such that at least one drawstring can sequentially and unidirectionally be made to run through a plurality of the above stated holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the poles that have the drawstring running through their holes will be drawn together and cause the imaginary planes that run across those polar holes to at least approach stacking on top of each other, and cause a three dimensional shape to form. | An apparatus comprised of flexible gores that are serially connected to each other at their lateral adjoining edges. These gores have a hole in their polar region and a drawstring runs through the gores' holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the drawstring pulls the gores' polar regions together and a radial three dimensional shape forms.1. An apparatus comprised of a plurality of flexible gores (each gore being comprised of at least one hemispheric segment) that are serially connected to each other at their lateral adjoining edges, thus forming a sheet; and a plurality of the gore segments of at least one of two hemisphere segment series have a hole in at least near their segment pole such that at least one drawstring can sequentially and unidirectionally be made to run through a plurality of the above stated holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the segment poles that have the drawstring running through their holes will be drawn together and cause the imaginary planes that run across those holes to at least approach stacking on top of each other, and cause an at least partially radial three dimensional shape to form. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 comprising, in an embodiment in which there are two hemisphere segment series, a drawstring which is threaded through the sheet's segment's holes in the following manner, but following any order of threading:
i. at either of the terminal gores of the sheet, the drawstring runs longitudinally up and down the inner face of that gore towards the two polar holes;
ii. the two opposite ends of the drawstring are threaded from the inner face towards the outer face of each of the two polar holes;
iii. for each of the two hemisphere segment series, the drawstring continues to be threaded serially through the polar hole of the adjacent segment, always entering from the inner face side of the hole, and exiting on the outer face side of the hole, until all the polar holes that require threading on each hemisphere segment series have been threaded, and the drawstring's two ends are now situated at the sheet's opposite terminal gore's two poles, such that;
iv. when the drawstring ends are pulled and the three dimensional shape forms, the drawstring runs substantially through the axis of the formed three dimensional shape. 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and last gore in the sheet are also connected to each other, thereby forming a continuous loop of gores. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the gores are serially connected to each other at their widest transverse area. 5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least two adjacent gores' edges are connected to each other at a longitudinal location where, for at least one of the gores, the transverse width is narrower than the widest transverse location of that gore. 6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one drawstring securing mechanism, which is adapted to prevent the three dimensional shape from at least partially resuming its sheet shape after the three dimensional shape has formed, is incorporated into the apparatus, such a drawstring securing mechanism including, but not limited to a knot, clip, tab, bead, hook, rubber disc, and recoiling spring. 7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the segments is different from the other segments in at least one of the following ways: shape and size. 8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment of at least one gore has one quadrant's edge length being longer than the segment's other quadrant's edge length, causing at least one segment to be slanted such that it is not extending perpendicularly away from the imaginary line that runs parallel to the width of the sheet, but rather at an oblique angle. 9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one quadrant has an irregular shape edge. 10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment will not be threaded by the drawstring, causing it to remain relatively flat and thus distal to its formed three dimensional shape's corresponding hemisphere's pole, relative to other threaded segments, once the drawstring pulls the other threaded segments' poles towards their corresponding hemisphere's pole to form the three dimensional shape. 11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the following: color and texture, are applied to at least one portion of the sheet on at least one side of the sheet, such application including, but not limited to printing, foil stamping, varnishing, embossing, painting, and drawing an image. 12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein, when there are two hemisphere segment series in the apparatus, there are at least two drawstrings such that:
i. there is at least one drawstring per hemisphere segment series;
ii. the drawstring of one hemisphere segment series is separate from the drawstring of the opposite hemisphere segment series;
iii. for each of the drawstrings' ends that will become situated on the inside of the three dimensional shape, at least one drawstring securing mechanism is incorporated to prevent either of the two hemisphere's drawstrings from being pulled out of their respective polar holes once the drawstrings are pulled. 13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein, in an embodiment in which there are two hemisphere segment series, at least one drawstring is threaded through the sheet's segment's holes in the following manner, but following any order of threading:
i. at either of the terminal gores of the sheet, the drawstring runs longitudinally up and down the outer face of that gore towards the two polar holes;
ii. the two opposite ends of the drawstring are threaded from the outer face towards the inner face of each of the two polar holes;
iii. for each of the two hemisphere segment series, the drawstring continues to be threaded serially through the polar hole of the adjacent segment, always entering from the outer face side of the hole, and exiting on the inner face of the hole, until all the polar holes that require threading on each hemisphere segment series have been threaded, and the drawstring's two ends are now situated at the sheet's opposite terminal gore's two poles;
iv. at least one drawstring securing mechanism is incorporated for each of the drawstring's ends to prevent either end of the drawstring from being pulled out of its respective polar holes once the drawstring is pulled; and
v. to form the three dimensional shape, said drawstring is pulled such that the segment of the drawstring which runs from one hemisphere to the other hemisphere becomes situated on the exterior of the three dimensional shape. 14. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one point of the interior of the three dimensional shape that forms is capable of being a light source by means including, but not limited to being able to have a light source attached to it, a light source being incorporated into it, at least part of the drawstring being an electric wire capable of conveying electricity from an electric source outside the three dimensional shape to the interior of the three dimensional shape once it forms. 15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one object is incorporated into the apparatus such as to have the object situated on the interior of the resulting three dimensional shape, by means including, but not limited to:
i. attaching the object to the part of the drawstring that becomes situated inside the resulting three dimensional shape;
ii. attaching the object to any other part of the apparatus such that the object can then become situated on the interior of the resulting three dimensional shape, and;
iii. attaching the object after the three dimensional shape is formed. 16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one means of bending exists in at least one point of the sheet to enable at least one point of the resulting three dimensional shape to form not by the arching of the sheet at that area, but at least partially by bending of the sheet; such means including, but not limited to scoring lines, perforation and cutting in the sheet material. 17. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one area of the sheet is adapted to become a substantially flat facet in the resulting three dimensional shape by precluding any cuts to run through that facet's area, where said cuts would otherwise have enable the sheet in that area to do at least one of the following: arch and bend once the drawstring is pulled. 18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment of the sheet does not end at its segment pole, but rather continues on distally past the hole's region, such continuation including, but not limited to:
i. at least one flap that is distal beyond the hole;
ii. these continuing flaps being adapted into the shape of gores with holes at their distal poles such that they too can have at least one drawstring running through them in order to cause them to form a second level three dimensional shape that sits atop the original three dimensional shape. 19. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sheet is adapted to be wider than the circumference of the resulting three dimensional shape in at least one of the following ways:
i. at least one extension tab existing on at least one of the terminal gores; and
ii. at least one lateral gore is made to overlap the opposite lateral gore in the resulting three dimensional shape. 20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one segment is not reflectively symmetrically situated opposite its polar counterpart segment, such that it is staggered relative to at least one corresponding segment of the opposite hemisphere. 21. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein there is at least one hole in the sheet other than the holes through which the drawstring is threaded. 22. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein there are polar holes only in one hemisphere's segments which have a drawstring running through them, thus resulting in a uni-polar three dimensional shape. 23. An apparatus comprised of a plurality of flexible gores (each gore being comprised of at least one hemispheric segment) that are serially adjacent to each other and connected to each other such that at least two adjacent gores do not abut, but rather are connected to each other by a bridge strip, and a plurality of the gore segments of at least one of two hemisphere segment series have a hole in at least near their segment pole, such that at least one drawstring can sequentially and unidirectionally be made to run through a plurality of the above stated holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the segment poles that have the drawstring running through their holes will be drawn together and cause the imaginary planes that run across those holes to at least approach stacking on top of each other, and cause an at least partially radial three dimensional shape to form. 24. An apparatus comprised of a plurality of flexible gores that are connected to each other at one of their poles, such that the gores radiate out from a central polar area, and such that a plurality of the distal opposite polar regions of the gores have a hole in them, such that at least one drawstring can sequentially and unidirectionally be made to run through a plurality of the above stated holes such that, when the drawstring is pulled, the poles that have the drawstring running through their holes will be drawn together and cause the imaginary planes that run across those polar holes to at least approach stacking on top of each other, and cause a three dimensional shape to form. | 3,700 |
339,005 | 16,799,872 | 2,683 | An electronic apparatus connection cable includes: a first plug including a first power reception terminal; a first switch coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line coupled to the first switch; a second plug coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element coupled to the power transmission line. The distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug. When the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted, the first light emitting element emits light. | 1. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising a first power reception terminal; a first switch, coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line, coupled to the first switch; a second plug, coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element, coupled to the power transmission line, wherein a distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug; wherein the first light emitting element emits light when the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted. 2. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising:
a second light emitting element, coupled to the first switch, wherein a distance between the second light emitting element and the first plug is smaller than a distance between the second light emitting element and the second plug. 3. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 2, further comprising a second switch, wherein the second plug further comprises a second power reception terminal, and the second light emitting element emits light when the second power reception terminal receives a second input voltage and the second switch is conducted. 4. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first light emitting element is located on the second plug or inside the second plug. 5. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the power transmission line is further arranged to transmit a signal from the first plug to the second plug. 6. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising a battery arranged to provide the first input voltage. 7. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first plug further comprises:
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal and the first switch, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit and the first switch, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 8. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 7, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; and a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series; wherein when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a first logic level; and when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a second logic level; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 9. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 8, wherein the first switch is coupled to one resistor of the resistor series, and the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the third switch are conducted in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the fourth light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the fourth switch are conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 10. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 11. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 10, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. 12. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising:
a first power reception terminal;
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and
a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 13. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series, wherein the comparator generates the inform signal having a first logic level when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal; and the comparator generates the inform signal having a second logic level when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 14. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 13, wherein the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the third switch is conducted, in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the fourth switch is conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 15. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 16. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 15, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. | An electronic apparatus connection cable includes: a first plug including a first power reception terminal; a first switch coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line coupled to the first switch; a second plug coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element coupled to the power transmission line. The distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug. When the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted, the first light emitting element emits light.1. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising a first power reception terminal; a first switch, coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line, coupled to the first switch; a second plug, coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element, coupled to the power transmission line, wherein a distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug; wherein the first light emitting element emits light when the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted. 2. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising:
a second light emitting element, coupled to the first switch, wherein a distance between the second light emitting element and the first plug is smaller than a distance between the second light emitting element and the second plug. 3. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 2, further comprising a second switch, wherein the second plug further comprises a second power reception terminal, and the second light emitting element emits light when the second power reception terminal receives a second input voltage and the second switch is conducted. 4. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first light emitting element is located on the second plug or inside the second plug. 5. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the power transmission line is further arranged to transmit a signal from the first plug to the second plug. 6. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising a battery arranged to provide the first input voltage. 7. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first plug further comprises:
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal and the first switch, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit and the first switch, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 8. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 7, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; and a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series; wherein when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a first logic level; and when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a second logic level; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 9. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 8, wherein the first switch is coupled to one resistor of the resistor series, and the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the third switch are conducted in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the fourth light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the fourth switch are conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 10. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 11. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 10, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. 12. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising:
a first power reception terminal;
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and
a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 13. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series, wherein the comparator generates the inform signal having a first logic level when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal; and the comparator generates the inform signal having a second logic level when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 14. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 13, wherein the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the third switch is conducted, in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the fourth switch is conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 15. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 16. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 15, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. | 2,600 |
339,006 | 16,799,856 | 2,683 | An electronic apparatus connection cable includes: a first plug including a first power reception terminal; a first switch coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line coupled to the first switch; a second plug coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element coupled to the power transmission line. The distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug. When the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted, the first light emitting element emits light. | 1. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising a first power reception terminal; a first switch, coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line, coupled to the first switch; a second plug, coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element, coupled to the power transmission line, wherein a distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug; wherein the first light emitting element emits light when the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted. 2. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising:
a second light emitting element, coupled to the first switch, wherein a distance between the second light emitting element and the first plug is smaller than a distance between the second light emitting element and the second plug. 3. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 2, further comprising a second switch, wherein the second plug further comprises a second power reception terminal, and the second light emitting element emits light when the second power reception terminal receives a second input voltage and the second switch is conducted. 4. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first light emitting element is located on the second plug or inside the second plug. 5. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the power transmission line is further arranged to transmit a signal from the first plug to the second plug. 6. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising a battery arranged to provide the first input voltage. 7. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first plug further comprises:
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal and the first switch, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit and the first switch, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 8. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 7, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; and a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series; wherein when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a first logic level; and when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a second logic level; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 9. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 8, wherein the first switch is coupled to one resistor of the resistor series, and the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the third switch are conducted in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the fourth light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the fourth switch are conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 10. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 11. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 10, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. 12. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising:
a first power reception terminal;
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and
a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 13. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series, wherein the comparator generates the inform signal having a first logic level when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal; and the comparator generates the inform signal having a second logic level when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 14. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 13, wherein the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the third switch is conducted, in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the fourth switch is conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 15. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 16. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 15, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. | An electronic apparatus connection cable includes: a first plug including a first power reception terminal; a first switch coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line coupled to the first switch; a second plug coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element coupled to the power transmission line. The distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug. When the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted, the first light emitting element emits light.1. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising a first power reception terminal; a first switch, coupled to the first power reception terminal; a power transmission line, coupled to the first switch; a second plug, coupled to the power transmission line; and a first light emitting element, coupled to the power transmission line, wherein a distance between the first light emitting element and the second plug is smaller than a distance between the first emitting device and the first plug; wherein the first light emitting element emits light when the first power reception terminal receives a first input voltage and the first switch is conducted. 2. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising:
a second light emitting element, coupled to the first switch, wherein a distance between the second light emitting element and the first plug is smaller than a distance between the second light emitting element and the second plug. 3. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 2, further comprising a second switch, wherein the second plug further comprises a second power reception terminal, and the second light emitting element emits light when the second power reception terminal receives a second input voltage and the second switch is conducted. 4. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first light emitting element is located on the second plug or inside the second plug. 5. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the power transmission line is further arranged to transmit a signal from the first plug to the second plug. 6. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, further comprising a battery arranged to provide the first input voltage. 7. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, wherein the first plug further comprises:
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal and the first switch, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit and the first switch, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 8. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 7, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; and a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series; wherein when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a first logic level; and when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal, the comparator generates the inform signal with a second logic level; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 9. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 8, wherein the first switch is coupled to one resistor of the resistor series, and the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the third switch are conducted in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to the first switch; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the fourth light emitting element emits light when both the first switch and the fourth switch are conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 10. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 1, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 11. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 10, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. 12. An electronic apparatus connection cable, comprising:
a first plug, comprising:
a first power reception terminal;
a connection-status determining circuit, coupled to the first power reception terminal, the connection-status determining circuit arranged to generate an inform signal according to whether the first plug is connected to a source terminal or a reception terminal; and
a state-indication device, coupled to the connection-status determining circuit, the state-indication device arranged to generate at least one state indication message according to the inform signal. 13. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, wherein the connection-status determining circuit comprises:
a resistor series, comprising at least two resistors; a comparator, comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and respectively coupled to different resistors of the resistor series, wherein the comparator generates the inform signal having a first logic level when a voltage at the first input terminal is lower than that at the second input terminal; and the comparator generates the inform signal having a second logic level when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than that at the second input terminal; wherein the state-indication device generates a first state indication message when the inform signal has the first logic level, and generates a second state indication message when the inform signal has the second logic level. 14. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 13, wherein the state-indication device comprises:
a third light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; a third switch, coupled to the third light emitting element, wherein the third switch is conducted when the inform signal has the first logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the third switch is conducted, in order to generate the first state indication message; a fourth light emitting element, coupled to one resistor of the resistor series; and a fourth switch, coupled to the fourth light emitting element, wherein the fourth switch is conducted when the inform signal has the second logic level, and the third light emitting element emits light when the fourth switch is conducted, in order to generate the second state indication message. 15. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 12, the first power reception terminal is a pin, and the first input voltage comes from an electronic apparatus connected to the first plug. 16. The electronic apparatus connection cable of claim 15, wherein the electronic apparatus connection cable is an HDMI cable. | 2,600 |
339,007 | 16,799,829 | 2,683 | Methods and systems are provided herein for collecting web browser click events across a plurality of web sites from a data collection agent (DCA), as a click-stream, at a data collection server (DCS) to record and provide user on-line activity, filtering the user online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data and identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered user online activity and the sales transaction data. Further, an engagement index, an influence index, and an opportunity index is calculated. A digital touch-points facility may perform the identifying and calculating. | 1. A method, comprising:
receiving online activity of a user; receiving sales transaction data of a user; matching the sales transaction data to the online activity; filtering the online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data; and identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered online activity and the sales transaction data. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein matching the sales transaction data to the online activity comprises using at least one of address, name, phone number, email address, and credit card number. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the sales transaction data of the user comprises surveying the user to collect the sales transaction data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sales transaction data includes offline behavior related to sales. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sales transaction data includes one or more of a date of transaction, a time of transaction, a method of payment, a type of good(s) or service(s) transacted, and a merchant. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving preference data. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the preference data indicates whether the user prefers visiting an offline store and/or a website to view a product prior to purchase. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the online activity of a user comprises recording web browser click events including uniform resource locator (URL) data across a plurality of web sites. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving a list of URL rules; determining that one or more of the URL rules apply to the URL data; and applying the one or more URL rules to the URL data. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a path to purchase of the user based on the one or more shopping touch-points. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising identifying cross-shopping behavior for a product based on the filtered user online activity. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising modifying an online promotional process and an offline promotional process for the product based on the path to purchase of the user and the cross-shopping behavior. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein modifying the online and the offline promotional processes comprises generating an online dialogue between users and a provider of the product. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising modifying an online promotional process for a second product complementary to the product. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating actual shopper engagement with a touch-point based on a percent of total shoppers interacting with the touch-point and an intensity of those interactions. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising calculating an influence index representing a probability of the touch-point interaction influencing the user's final action. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising calculating an opportunity index representing a competitive view of touch-point interactions. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the online activity occurs on at least one of a computer, a tablet, and a mobile device. 19. A system, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one storage device in communication with the at least one processor, wherein the at least one storage device stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, effectuate operations comprising:
receiving online activity of a user;
receiving sales transaction data of a user;
matching the sales transaction data to the online activity;
filtering the online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data; and
identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered online activity and the sales transaction data. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by at least one processor to perform a method, the method comprising:
receiving online activity of a user; receiving sales transaction data of a user; matching the sales transaction data to the online activity; filtering the online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data; and identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered online activity and the sales transaction data. | Methods and systems are provided herein for collecting web browser click events across a plurality of web sites from a data collection agent (DCA), as a click-stream, at a data collection server (DCS) to record and provide user on-line activity, filtering the user online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data and identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered user online activity and the sales transaction data. Further, an engagement index, an influence index, and an opportunity index is calculated. A digital touch-points facility may perform the identifying and calculating.1. A method, comprising:
receiving online activity of a user; receiving sales transaction data of a user; matching the sales transaction data to the online activity; filtering the online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data; and identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered online activity and the sales transaction data. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein matching the sales transaction data to the online activity comprises using at least one of address, name, phone number, email address, and credit card number. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the sales transaction data of the user comprises surveying the user to collect the sales transaction data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sales transaction data includes offline behavior related to sales. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sales transaction data includes one or more of a date of transaction, a time of transaction, a method of payment, a type of good(s) or service(s) transacted, and a merchant. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving preference data. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the preference data indicates whether the user prefers visiting an offline store and/or a website to view a product prior to purchase. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the online activity of a user comprises recording web browser click events including uniform resource locator (URL) data across a plurality of web sites. 9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving a list of URL rules; determining that one or more of the URL rules apply to the URL data; and applying the one or more URL rules to the URL data. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a path to purchase of the user based on the one or more shopping touch-points. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising identifying cross-shopping behavior for a product based on the filtered user online activity. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising modifying an online promotional process and an offline promotional process for the product based on the path to purchase of the user and the cross-shopping behavior. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein modifying the online and the offline promotional processes comprises generating an online dialogue between users and a provider of the product. 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising modifying an online promotional process for a second product complementary to the product. 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating actual shopper engagement with a touch-point based on a percent of total shoppers interacting with the touch-point and an intensity of those interactions. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising calculating an influence index representing a probability of the touch-point interaction influencing the user's final action. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising calculating an opportunity index representing a competitive view of touch-point interactions. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the online activity occurs on at least one of a computer, a tablet, and a mobile device. 19. A system, comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one storage device in communication with the at least one processor, wherein the at least one storage device stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, effectuate operations comprising:
receiving online activity of a user;
receiving sales transaction data of a user;
matching the sales transaction data to the online activity;
filtering the online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data; and
identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered online activity and the sales transaction data. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by at least one processor to perform a method, the method comprising:
receiving online activity of a user; receiving sales transaction data of a user; matching the sales transaction data to the online activity; filtering the online activity to include activity from a time period prior to a sale from the sales transaction data; and identifying one or more shopping touch-points based on the filtered online activity and the sales transaction data. | 2,600 |
339,008 | 16,799,868 | 2,145 | Some embodiments provide a method for visualizing network flows between multiple security groups in a network. Each security group includes a set of one or more data computer nodes (DCNs). The method receives data regarding network flows between the DCNs of the security groups. In a scalable user interface visualization, the method displays the network flows by aggregating the network flows between DCNs in pairs of security groups. The method provides a filtering tool to enable visualization in the user interface of specific flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups. | 1. A method for visualizing network flows between a plurality of security groups in a network, each security group comprising a set of one or more data computer nodes (DCNs), the method comprising:
receiving data regarding network flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups; in a scalable user interface visualization, displaying the network flows by aggregating the network flows between DCNs in pairs of security groups; and providing a filtering tool to enable visualization in the user interface of specific flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the received data comprises data collected by a network manager that monitors network flows. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the user interface provides a tool for enabling a user to define a subset of the plurality of security groups to be monitored. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, through the user interface, data defining a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes, wherein each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a first appearance while the DCNs that are not seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a second appearance that is different from the first appearance. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the filtering tool provides options to visualize one or more of (i) allowed flows, (ii) blocked flows, and (iii) unsecured flows. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the filtering tool further provides options to visualize flows for any one of (i) existing security groups, (ii) recommended security groups, and (iii) both existing security groups and recommended security groups. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein unsecured flows comprise flows for which a firewall rule has not been defined. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the allowed flows, blocked flows, and unsecured flows are each represented by flow lines having a different appearance. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the scalable user interface visualization enables selection of individual security groups and individual DCNs via representations of the security groups and DCNs in the user interface. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein selection of a security group causes the user interface to highlight the selected security group and display network flows between DCNs belonging to the security group and DCNs belonging to other security groups. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the network flows between DCNs belonging to the selected security group and DCNs belonging to a particular other security group are displayed as a single flow line along with a notation that indicates a number of flows represented by the single flow line. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein, for each set of network flows between DCNs belonging to the selected security group and DCNs belonging to another security group, the user interface displays a separate flow line along with a notation that indicates a number of flows represented by the flow line. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein selection of a DCN causes the user interface to highlight the selected DCN and display network flows between the selected DCN and other DCNs displayed in the user interface. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of the DCNs are comprises of IPSets. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of the DCNs comprise unresolved DCNs that are not organized into any of the plurality of security groups. 17. A non-transitory machine-readable medium storing a program which when executed by at least one processing unit visualizes network flows between a plurality of security groups in a network, each security group comprising a set of one or more data computer nodes (DCNs), the program comprising sets of instructions for:
receiving data regarding network flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups; in a scalable user interface visualization, displaying the network flows by aggregating the network flows between DCNs in pairs of security groups; and providing a filtering tool to enable visualization in the user interface of specific flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein:
the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, through the user interface, data defining a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes; each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation; and the seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a first appearance while the DCNs that are not seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a second appearance that is different from the first appearance. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein:
the filtering tool provides options to visualize one or more of (i) allowed flows, (ii) blocked flows, and (iii) unsecured flows; unsecured flows comprise flows for which a firewall rule has not been defined; and the allowed flows, blocked flows, and unsecured flows are each represented by flow lines having a different appearance. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the scalable user interface visualization enables selection of individual security groups and individual DCNs via representations of the security groups and DCNs in the user interface. 21. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 20, wherein:
selection of a security group causes the user interface to highlight the selected security group and display network flows between DCNs belonging to the security group and DCNs belonging to other security groups; and the network flows between DCNs belonging to the selected security group and DCNs belonging to a particular other security group are displayed as a single flow line along with a notation that indicates a number of flows represented by the single flow line. 22. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 20, wherein selection of a DCN causes the user interface to highlight the selected DCN and display network flows between the selected DCN and other DCNs displayed in the user interface. | Some embodiments provide a method for visualizing network flows between multiple security groups in a network. Each security group includes a set of one or more data computer nodes (DCNs). The method receives data regarding network flows between the DCNs of the security groups. In a scalable user interface visualization, the method displays the network flows by aggregating the network flows between DCNs in pairs of security groups. The method provides a filtering tool to enable visualization in the user interface of specific flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups.1. A method for visualizing network flows between a plurality of security groups in a network, each security group comprising a set of one or more data computer nodes (DCNs), the method comprising:
receiving data regarding network flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups; in a scalable user interface visualization, displaying the network flows by aggregating the network flows between DCNs in pairs of security groups; and providing a filtering tool to enable visualization in the user interface of specific flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the received data comprises data collected by a network manager that monitors network flows. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the user interface provides a tool for enabling a user to define a subset of the plurality of security groups to be monitored. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, through the user interface, data defining a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes, wherein each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a first appearance while the DCNs that are not seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a second appearance that is different from the first appearance. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the filtering tool provides options to visualize one or more of (i) allowed flows, (ii) blocked flows, and (iii) unsecured flows. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the filtering tool further provides options to visualize flows for any one of (i) existing security groups, (ii) recommended security groups, and (iii) both existing security groups and recommended security groups. 8. The method of claim 6, wherein unsecured flows comprise flows for which a firewall rule has not been defined. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the allowed flows, blocked flows, and unsecured flows are each represented by flow lines having a different appearance. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the scalable user interface visualization enables selection of individual security groups and individual DCNs via representations of the security groups and DCNs in the user interface. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein selection of a security group causes the user interface to highlight the selected security group and display network flows between DCNs belonging to the security group and DCNs belonging to other security groups. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the network flows between DCNs belonging to the selected security group and DCNs belonging to a particular other security group are displayed as a single flow line along with a notation that indicates a number of flows represented by the single flow line. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein, for each set of network flows between DCNs belonging to the selected security group and DCNs belonging to another security group, the user interface displays a separate flow line along with a notation that indicates a number of flows represented by the flow line. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein selection of a DCN causes the user interface to highlight the selected DCN and display network flows between the selected DCN and other DCNs displayed in the user interface. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of the DCNs are comprises of IPSets. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein a subset of the DCNs comprise unresolved DCNs that are not organized into any of the plurality of security groups. 17. A non-transitory machine-readable medium storing a program which when executed by at least one processing unit visualizes network flows between a plurality of security groups in a network, each security group comprising a set of one or more data computer nodes (DCNs), the program comprising sets of instructions for:
receiving data regarding network flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups; in a scalable user interface visualization, displaying the network flows by aggregating the network flows between DCNs in pairs of security groups; and providing a filtering tool to enable visualization in the user interface of specific flows between the DCNs of the plurality of security groups. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein:
the program further comprises a set of instructions for receiving, through the user interface, data defining a subset of the DCNs as seed nodes; each seed node acts as a source node for micro-segmentation; and the seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a first appearance while the DCNs that are not seed nodes are displayed in the visualization using a second appearance that is different from the first appearance. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein:
the filtering tool provides options to visualize one or more of (i) allowed flows, (ii) blocked flows, and (iii) unsecured flows; unsecured flows comprise flows for which a firewall rule has not been defined; and the allowed flows, blocked flows, and unsecured flows are each represented by flow lines having a different appearance. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the scalable user interface visualization enables selection of individual security groups and individual DCNs via representations of the security groups and DCNs in the user interface. 21. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 20, wherein:
selection of a security group causes the user interface to highlight the selected security group and display network flows between DCNs belonging to the security group and DCNs belonging to other security groups; and the network flows between DCNs belonging to the selected security group and DCNs belonging to a particular other security group are displayed as a single flow line along with a notation that indicates a number of flows represented by the single flow line. 22. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 20, wherein selection of a DCN causes the user interface to highlight the selected DCN and display network flows between the selected DCN and other DCNs displayed in the user interface. | 2,100 |
339,009 | 16,799,882 | 2,145 | A method for determining a driving maneuver includes obtaining vehicle parameters (P) from a driving maneuver planning module (22) of the vehicle (10). At least one possible driving maneuver (M) is determined via the driving maneuver planning module (22) based on the vehicle parameters (P) received by means of at least one decision-making submodule of the driving maneuver planning module (22), At least one possible driving maneuver (M) is transmitted to a motion planning module (24) of the vehicle (10). An evaluation variable (B) is obtained from the motion planning module (24) via the driving maneuver planning module (22). The at least one decision-making submodule is adapted based on the evaluation variable (B) obtained. Furthermore, a system for determining a driving maneuver of a vehicle, a vehicle for executing the driving maneuver, a control device for a vehicle and a computer program for executing the method are shown. | 1. Method for determining a driving maneuver of a vehicle, comprising the following steps:
a) Obtaining vehicle parameters (P) from a driving maneuver planning module (22) of the vehicle (10), b) Determining at least one possible driving maneuver (M) via the driving maneuver planning module (22) based on the vehicle parameters (P) received by means of at least one decision-making submodule (38) of the driving maneuver planning module (22), c) Transmitting the at least one possible driving maneuver (M) to a motion planning module (24) of the vehicle (10), d) Obtaining an evaluation variable (B) from the motion planning module (24) via the driving maneuver planning module (22), and e) Adapting the at least one decision-making submodule (38) based on the evaluation variable (B) received. 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein a driving maneuver (MAZ) to be executed is selected from the at least one driving maneuver (M), with the motion planning module (24) controlling the vehicle (10) in such a way that the vehicle (10) executes the driving maneuvers (MAG). 3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the evaluation variable (B) is determined by the motion planning module (24) on the basis of the driving maneuver (MAG) and/or vehicle parameters (P) during the execution of the driving maneuver (MAG), in particular where the evaluation variable (B) has the smallest distance to at least one adjacent vehicle that has the highest lateral acceleration, the highest longitudinal acceleration and/or a cost value of the driving maneuver. 4. Method according to claim 1, wherein knowledge data (E) is transmitted to at least one further vehicle (10), wherein the knowledge data (E) comprises at least the vehicle parameters (P), the driving maneuver to be executed (MAZ), the driving maneuver (MAG) that was executed and/or the evaluation variable (B), in particular wherein a decision-making submodule (38) of the further vehicle (10) is adapted on the basis of the knowledge data (E) transmitted. 5. Method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one decision-making submodule (38) determines the possible driving maneuver (M) based on a cost function, a decision tree, a vehicle-following model, in particular a distance-dependent vehicle-following model and/or a psychophysical vehicle-following model according to Wiedemann, and/or a state machine. 6. Method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one decision-making submodules (38) enhances the possible driving maneuver (M) by means of a machine learning decision process, in particular an enhanced machine learning decision process. 7. Method according to claim 6, wherein the machine learning decision process is at least implemented by an artificial neural network, based on game theory, a Markow decision process and/or a partially observable Markow decision process. 8. Method according to claim 6, wherein the evaluation variable (B) is used to train a machine learning decision process of the at least one decision-making submodule (38). 9. Method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of decision-making submodules (38) is provided, each of which determines at least one possible driving maneuver (M), wherein a decision maker (40) selects a driving maneuver (MAZ) from the determined possible driving maneuvers (M), which is transmitted to the motion planning module (24). 10. Method according to claim 9, wherein the decision maker (40) is a driver of the vehicle (10), a selection module (44) or a combination of these, in particular wherein the selection module (44) selects the driving maneuver (MAZ) to be executed on the basis of the weighting (a) of the credibility of the corresponding decision-making submodule (38) and/or the frequency of the occurrence of a possible driving maneuver (M). 11. Method according to claim 10, wherein the selection module (44) has an artificial neural network. 12. Control device for a vehicle for controlling the vehicle, the control device (14) being designed to execute a method according to claim 1. 13. Vehicle with a control device (14) designed to execute a method according to claim 1 and at least one sensor (12) for detecting at least one vehicle parameter (P), the vehicle (10) being designed to execute a method according to claim 1. 14. Computer program with program code means to perform the steps of a method according to claim 1 to be executed when the computer program is executed on a computing unit (20), in particular a computing unit (20) of a control device (14) designed to execute a method according to claim 1. 15. System for determining a driving maneuver with at least one vehicle (10) according to claim 13, in particular at least two vehicles (10) according to claim 13. 16. System according to claim 15, wherein the system (50) comprises a server (60) which is connected to the at least one vehicle (10) for data connection,
wherein the motion planning module (24) controls the vehicle (10) in such a way that the vehicle (10) performs a driving maneuver (M), wherein the server (60) receives and/or provides knowledge data E, and the server (60) transmits the knowledge data (E) to the at least one further vehicle (10), and/or the server (60) determines the decision-making submodule (38) of the at least one other vehicle (10) on the basis of the knowledge data (E) and transmits adaptation information (A) to the at least one further vehicle (10). | A method for determining a driving maneuver includes obtaining vehicle parameters (P) from a driving maneuver planning module (22) of the vehicle (10). At least one possible driving maneuver (M) is determined via the driving maneuver planning module (22) based on the vehicle parameters (P) received by means of at least one decision-making submodule of the driving maneuver planning module (22), At least one possible driving maneuver (M) is transmitted to a motion planning module (24) of the vehicle (10). An evaluation variable (B) is obtained from the motion planning module (24) via the driving maneuver planning module (22). The at least one decision-making submodule is adapted based on the evaluation variable (B) obtained. Furthermore, a system for determining a driving maneuver of a vehicle, a vehicle for executing the driving maneuver, a control device for a vehicle and a computer program for executing the method are shown.1. Method for determining a driving maneuver of a vehicle, comprising the following steps:
a) Obtaining vehicle parameters (P) from a driving maneuver planning module (22) of the vehicle (10), b) Determining at least one possible driving maneuver (M) via the driving maneuver planning module (22) based on the vehicle parameters (P) received by means of at least one decision-making submodule (38) of the driving maneuver planning module (22), c) Transmitting the at least one possible driving maneuver (M) to a motion planning module (24) of the vehicle (10), d) Obtaining an evaluation variable (B) from the motion planning module (24) via the driving maneuver planning module (22), and e) Adapting the at least one decision-making submodule (38) based on the evaluation variable (B) received. 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein a driving maneuver (MAZ) to be executed is selected from the at least one driving maneuver (M), with the motion planning module (24) controlling the vehicle (10) in such a way that the vehicle (10) executes the driving maneuvers (MAG). 3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the evaluation variable (B) is determined by the motion planning module (24) on the basis of the driving maneuver (MAG) and/or vehicle parameters (P) during the execution of the driving maneuver (MAG), in particular where the evaluation variable (B) has the smallest distance to at least one adjacent vehicle that has the highest lateral acceleration, the highest longitudinal acceleration and/or a cost value of the driving maneuver. 4. Method according to claim 1, wherein knowledge data (E) is transmitted to at least one further vehicle (10), wherein the knowledge data (E) comprises at least the vehicle parameters (P), the driving maneuver to be executed (MAZ), the driving maneuver (MAG) that was executed and/or the evaluation variable (B), in particular wherein a decision-making submodule (38) of the further vehicle (10) is adapted on the basis of the knowledge data (E) transmitted. 5. Method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one decision-making submodule (38) determines the possible driving maneuver (M) based on a cost function, a decision tree, a vehicle-following model, in particular a distance-dependent vehicle-following model and/or a psychophysical vehicle-following model according to Wiedemann, and/or a state machine. 6. Method according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one decision-making submodules (38) enhances the possible driving maneuver (M) by means of a machine learning decision process, in particular an enhanced machine learning decision process. 7. Method according to claim 6, wherein the machine learning decision process is at least implemented by an artificial neural network, based on game theory, a Markow decision process and/or a partially observable Markow decision process. 8. Method according to claim 6, wherein the evaluation variable (B) is used to train a machine learning decision process of the at least one decision-making submodule (38). 9. Method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of decision-making submodules (38) is provided, each of which determines at least one possible driving maneuver (M), wherein a decision maker (40) selects a driving maneuver (MAZ) from the determined possible driving maneuvers (M), which is transmitted to the motion planning module (24). 10. Method according to claim 9, wherein the decision maker (40) is a driver of the vehicle (10), a selection module (44) or a combination of these, in particular wherein the selection module (44) selects the driving maneuver (MAZ) to be executed on the basis of the weighting (a) of the credibility of the corresponding decision-making submodule (38) and/or the frequency of the occurrence of a possible driving maneuver (M). 11. Method according to claim 10, wherein the selection module (44) has an artificial neural network. 12. Control device for a vehicle for controlling the vehicle, the control device (14) being designed to execute a method according to claim 1. 13. Vehicle with a control device (14) designed to execute a method according to claim 1 and at least one sensor (12) for detecting at least one vehicle parameter (P), the vehicle (10) being designed to execute a method according to claim 1. 14. Computer program with program code means to perform the steps of a method according to claim 1 to be executed when the computer program is executed on a computing unit (20), in particular a computing unit (20) of a control device (14) designed to execute a method according to claim 1. 15. System for determining a driving maneuver with at least one vehicle (10) according to claim 13, in particular at least two vehicles (10) according to claim 13. 16. System according to claim 15, wherein the system (50) comprises a server (60) which is connected to the at least one vehicle (10) for data connection,
wherein the motion planning module (24) controls the vehicle (10) in such a way that the vehicle (10) performs a driving maneuver (M), wherein the server (60) receives and/or provides knowledge data E, and the server (60) transmits the knowledge data (E) to the at least one further vehicle (10), and/or the server (60) determines the decision-making submodule (38) of the at least one other vehicle (10) on the basis of the knowledge data (E) and transmits adaptation information (A) to the at least one further vehicle (10). | 2,100 |
339,010 | 16,799,866 | 1,731 | A low strength backfill material having a 28 days compressive strength less than approximately 2.0 MPa is provided. The backfill is suitable for use in areas with dense underground utilities due to its high excavatability and good thermal conductivity. The backfill includes a cementitious binder of approximately 1 weight percent to approximately 10 weight percent and fine aggregates in an amount of approximately 40 to approximately 75 weight percent. Filler is provided at 20 microns to approximately 100 microns for high flowability. A density-controlling agent of 0.0001-5 weight percent is used such that the density of a cured backfill material is approximately 1600 kg/m3 to 2000 kg/m3. Thermally conductive particles having a size range of approximately 0.01 microns to 500 microns in an amount of approximately 0.1 to 10 weight percent are evenly dispersed throughout the backfill. | 1. A low strength backfill having a 28 day compressive strength less than approximately 2.0 MPa, the backfill comprising:
a cementitious binder in an amount from approximately 1 weight percent to approximately 10 weight percent; fine aggregates having a particle less than approximately 4.75 mm in an amount of approximately 40 to approximately 75 weight percent; filler, having a particle size of approximately 20 microns to approximately 100 microns; a density-controlling agent in an amount of approximately 0.0001-5 weight percent, such that the density of a cured controlled low strength backfill material is between approximately 1600 kg/m3 and 2000 kg/m3; and thermally conductive particles having a size range of approximately 0.01 microns to 500 microns in an amount of approximately 0.1 to 10 weight percent such that a cured backfill has a thermal conductivity equal to or greater than approximately 1.1 W/mK; 2. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the cementitious binder is one or more of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA), alumina cement (AC), or alkali activated material. 3. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the fine aggregates are selected from one or more of natural sand, manufactured sand, quartz sand, gravel, recycled glass, or recycled concrete aggregate. 4. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the filler is selected from one or more of limestone, lime, fly ash, bottom ash, ground-granulated blast-furnace slag, mica, sewage sludge, or gypsum. 5. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the density controlling agent is selected from one or more of a foaming agent, air entraining agent, or in-situ foaming agent. 6. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive particles are selected from one or more of flake graphite, carbon black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal powder, alumina, magnesia oxide, or recycled tires. 7. The backfill of claim 1, further comprising an air entraining agent selected from one or more of an anionic surface active agent, a cationic surface active agent, or an amphiphilic polymeric surfactant. 8. The backfill of claim 1, further comprising an air entraining agent selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl polyglucosides (APG), water soluble soaps of resin acids, animal and vegetable fatty acids, or sulphonated organic compounds. 9. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the backfill further comprises one or more additives selected from rheology modifiers and/or accelerating agents in an amount from 0.1-3 wt %. 10. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the backfill has a slump flow greater than approximately 200 millimeters. 11. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the backfill has a compressive strength in a range from 0.3-1.4 MPa. 12. The backfill of claim 9, wherein the accelerating agent includes one or more of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, aluminum chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium nitrate, calcium nitrate, lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium formate, sodium acetate, sodium propanoate, calcium oxalate, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, or methyl diethanolamine. 13. In a low strength, low density cementitious material having a 28 days compressive strength less than approximately 2.0 MPa, the material including cement, aggregate, water, and filler the improvement comprising:
thermally conductive particles having a size range of approximately 15 microns to 500 microns in an amount of approximately 0.1 to 10 weight percent, wherein the thermally conductive particles are evenly dispersed throughout the material by a density-controlling agent selected from one or more of an air entraining agent, foaming agent, or in-situ foaming agent in an amount of approximately 0.0001-5 weight percent such that the thermal conductivity of a cured material is greater than approximately 1.1 W/mK. 14. The material of claim 13, wherein the material has a slump flow greater than approximately 200 millimeters. 15. The material of claim 13, wherein the material has a compressive strength in a range from 0.3-1.4 MPa. 16. The material of claim 13, wherein said air entraining agent is selected from one or more of an anionic surface active agent, a cationic surface active agent, or an amphiphilic polymeric surfactant. 17. The material of claim 13, wherein said air entraining agent is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl polyglucosides (APG), water soluble soaps of resin acids, animal and vegetable fatty acids, or sulphonated organic compounds. 18. The material of claim 13, wherein the backfill further comprising one or more rheology modifiers or accelerating agents in an amount from 0.1-3 wt %. 19. The material of claim 18, wherein the rheology modifiers are selected from one or more of lignosulfate, naphthalene-based water reducers, polycarboxylate-based water reducers, or superplasticizers. 20. The material of claim 13, further comprising an accelerating agent. 21. The material of claim 20, wherein the accelerating agent includes one or more of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, aluminum chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium nitrate, calcium nitrate, lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium formate, sodium acetate, sodium propanoate, calcium oxalate, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, or methyl diethanolamine. | A low strength backfill material having a 28 days compressive strength less than approximately 2.0 MPa is provided. The backfill is suitable for use in areas with dense underground utilities due to its high excavatability and good thermal conductivity. The backfill includes a cementitious binder of approximately 1 weight percent to approximately 10 weight percent and fine aggregates in an amount of approximately 40 to approximately 75 weight percent. Filler is provided at 20 microns to approximately 100 microns for high flowability. A density-controlling agent of 0.0001-5 weight percent is used such that the density of a cured backfill material is approximately 1600 kg/m3 to 2000 kg/m3. Thermally conductive particles having a size range of approximately 0.01 microns to 500 microns in an amount of approximately 0.1 to 10 weight percent are evenly dispersed throughout the backfill.1. A low strength backfill having a 28 day compressive strength less than approximately 2.0 MPa, the backfill comprising:
a cementitious binder in an amount from approximately 1 weight percent to approximately 10 weight percent; fine aggregates having a particle less than approximately 4.75 mm in an amount of approximately 40 to approximately 75 weight percent; filler, having a particle size of approximately 20 microns to approximately 100 microns; a density-controlling agent in an amount of approximately 0.0001-5 weight percent, such that the density of a cured controlled low strength backfill material is between approximately 1600 kg/m3 and 2000 kg/m3; and thermally conductive particles having a size range of approximately 0.01 microns to 500 microns in an amount of approximately 0.1 to 10 weight percent such that a cured backfill has a thermal conductivity equal to or greater than approximately 1.1 W/mK; 2. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the cementitious binder is one or more of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA), alumina cement (AC), or alkali activated material. 3. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the fine aggregates are selected from one or more of natural sand, manufactured sand, quartz sand, gravel, recycled glass, or recycled concrete aggregate. 4. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the filler is selected from one or more of limestone, lime, fly ash, bottom ash, ground-granulated blast-furnace slag, mica, sewage sludge, or gypsum. 5. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the density controlling agent is selected from one or more of a foaming agent, air entraining agent, or in-situ foaming agent. 6. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive particles are selected from one or more of flake graphite, carbon black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal powder, alumina, magnesia oxide, or recycled tires. 7. The backfill of claim 1, further comprising an air entraining agent selected from one or more of an anionic surface active agent, a cationic surface active agent, or an amphiphilic polymeric surfactant. 8. The backfill of claim 1, further comprising an air entraining agent selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl polyglucosides (APG), water soluble soaps of resin acids, animal and vegetable fatty acids, or sulphonated organic compounds. 9. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the backfill further comprises one or more additives selected from rheology modifiers and/or accelerating agents in an amount from 0.1-3 wt %. 10. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the backfill has a slump flow greater than approximately 200 millimeters. 11. The backfill of claim 1, wherein the backfill has a compressive strength in a range from 0.3-1.4 MPa. 12. The backfill of claim 9, wherein the accelerating agent includes one or more of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, aluminum chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium nitrate, calcium nitrate, lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium formate, sodium acetate, sodium propanoate, calcium oxalate, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, or methyl diethanolamine. 13. In a low strength, low density cementitious material having a 28 days compressive strength less than approximately 2.0 MPa, the material including cement, aggregate, water, and filler the improvement comprising:
thermally conductive particles having a size range of approximately 15 microns to 500 microns in an amount of approximately 0.1 to 10 weight percent, wherein the thermally conductive particles are evenly dispersed throughout the material by a density-controlling agent selected from one or more of an air entraining agent, foaming agent, or in-situ foaming agent in an amount of approximately 0.0001-5 weight percent such that the thermal conductivity of a cured material is greater than approximately 1.1 W/mK. 14. The material of claim 13, wherein the material has a slump flow greater than approximately 200 millimeters. 15. The material of claim 13, wherein the material has a compressive strength in a range from 0.3-1.4 MPa. 16. The material of claim 13, wherein said air entraining agent is selected from one or more of an anionic surface active agent, a cationic surface active agent, or an amphiphilic polymeric surfactant. 17. The material of claim 13, wherein said air entraining agent is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl polyglucosides (APG), water soluble soaps of resin acids, animal and vegetable fatty acids, or sulphonated organic compounds. 18. The material of claim 13, wherein the backfill further comprising one or more rheology modifiers or accelerating agents in an amount from 0.1-3 wt %. 19. The material of claim 18, wherein the rheology modifiers are selected from one or more of lignosulfate, naphthalene-based water reducers, polycarboxylate-based water reducers, or superplasticizers. 20. The material of claim 13, further comprising an accelerating agent. 21. The material of claim 20, wherein the accelerating agent includes one or more of calcium chloride, potassium chloride, aluminum chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium nitrate, calcium nitrate, lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, calcium formate, sodium acetate, sodium propanoate, calcium oxalate, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, or methyl diethanolamine. | 1,700 |
339,011 | 16,641,997 | 1,731 | The present invention relates to a device for mounting a tool on a hand of a user, the device comprises a receiving part for attachment of a tool and at least one mounting member for mounting the device on one or more fingers of the hand of the user, such as two neighbouring fingers, wherein the receiving part is fixed to the mounting member, and the receiving part comprises at least one clamp for clamping a tool to the device, wherein the clamp has a closed position (h2) and an open position (h1) and wherein the clamp is configured to be operable by one or more of the fingers of the same hand the device is mounted on. The invention further relates to a method of mounting a tool in the device, and to the use of the device. | 1. A device for mounting a tool on a hand of a user, the device comprises a receiving part for attachment of a tool and at least one mounting member for mounting the device on one or more fingers of the hand of the user,
wherein the receiving part is fixed to the mounting member, and the receiving part comprises at least one clamp for clamping a tool to the device, wherein the clamp has a closed position and an open position and wherein the clamp is configured to be operable by one or more fingers of the same hand the device is mounted on. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is configured to be mounted on the proximal finger parts of at least two neighbouring fingers. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the clamp is configured to be biased into the open position by using at least one finger which is neighbouring at least one of the fingers on which the device is mounted. 4. The device according to claim 2, wherein the clamp comprises at least two opposing clamping surfaces for retaining the tool in the device, and wherein the clamp is configured to be biased into the open position by separating the clamping surfaces by using at least one finger which is neighbouring at least one of the fingers on which the device is mounted. 5. (canceled) 6. The device according to claim 2, wherein the engagement member is positioned such that it is reachable by a finger, neighbouring at least one of the fingers on which the device is mounted. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the engagement member is configured to be angularly moved about a pivotal point whereby the clamp is placed in the open position. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving part comprises one clamp and two engagement members. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein each clamping surface is configured to be moved via at least one engagement member. 10. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises knife tool, comprising a knife blade having a cutting edge, and wherein the knife tool is clamped to the receiving part by the clamp. 11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the knife tool is mounted such that at least a point of the cutting edge of the knife blade is exposed and directed forwardly towards the tip of the fingers of the hand on which the device is mounted when the fingers are stretched out. 12. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a band of plastic or metal, bend to sufficiently enclose one or more fingers or two fingers. 13. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a strap for securing the device onto one or more fingers of the user or two fingers of the user. 14. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member encloses at least a part of proximal finger parts of two neighbouring fingers. 15. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a support region extending over at least a part of the finger(s) on which the device is mounted and along a direction parallel to the transverse plane dividing the mounting member and the receiving part. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein at least a part of the support region is shaped to be positioned between two neighbouring fingers such as to prevent rotation of the mounting member about and axis parallel to the longitudinal extent of the fingers. 17. A method for retaining a tool to a device, wherein the device comprises a mounting member for fixing the device on one or more fingers and a receiving part for holding the tool, wherein the receiving part is fixed to the mounting member, and the receiving part comprises at least one clamp for clamping a tool to the device, the clamp comprises
at least two clamping surfaces, and an open position and a closed position, wherein in the open position the clamp facilitates placing a tool into the clamp or removing a tool from the clamp, and wherein the closed position facilitates securely retaining the tool in the receiving part, and wherein the receiving part further comprises at least one engagement member made of a rigid material and providing at least one moment arm attached to the clamp, such that the clamp is operable via the engagement member into the open position and the closed position by one or more fingers of the same hand the device is mounted on, the method comprises the steps of:
mounting the device on one or more fingers of a hand of the user via the mounting member, such that the receiving part is positioned on the dorsum side of the hand,
engaging one or more fingers neighbouring the one or more fingers on which the device is mounted with the clamp so as to place the clamp in an open position,
maintaining the open position of the clamp and simultaneously placing a tool between the clamping surfaces of the clamp,
placing the clamp in the closed position, whereby the tool is retained in the clamp. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the device is a device according to claim 1. 19. A method of use of a device according to claim 1 comprising mounting a tool onto a hand of a user. 20. (canceled) 21. The device according to claim 13, wherein the strap is a hook and loop fastening strap. 22. The device according to claim 13, wherein the strap is a flexible strap. | The present invention relates to a device for mounting a tool on a hand of a user, the device comprises a receiving part for attachment of a tool and at least one mounting member for mounting the device on one or more fingers of the hand of the user, such as two neighbouring fingers, wherein the receiving part is fixed to the mounting member, and the receiving part comprises at least one clamp for clamping a tool to the device, wherein the clamp has a closed position (h2) and an open position (h1) and wherein the clamp is configured to be operable by one or more of the fingers of the same hand the device is mounted on. The invention further relates to a method of mounting a tool in the device, and to the use of the device.1. A device for mounting a tool on a hand of a user, the device comprises a receiving part for attachment of a tool and at least one mounting member for mounting the device on one or more fingers of the hand of the user,
wherein the receiving part is fixed to the mounting member, and the receiving part comprises at least one clamp for clamping a tool to the device, wherein the clamp has a closed position and an open position and wherein the clamp is configured to be operable by one or more fingers of the same hand the device is mounted on. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is configured to be mounted on the proximal finger parts of at least two neighbouring fingers. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the clamp is configured to be biased into the open position by using at least one finger which is neighbouring at least one of the fingers on which the device is mounted. 4. The device according to claim 2, wherein the clamp comprises at least two opposing clamping surfaces for retaining the tool in the device, and wherein the clamp is configured to be biased into the open position by separating the clamping surfaces by using at least one finger which is neighbouring at least one of the fingers on which the device is mounted. 5. (canceled) 6. The device according to claim 2, wherein the engagement member is positioned such that it is reachable by a finger, neighbouring at least one of the fingers on which the device is mounted. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the engagement member is configured to be angularly moved about a pivotal point whereby the clamp is placed in the open position. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving part comprises one clamp and two engagement members. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein each clamping surface is configured to be moved via at least one engagement member. 10. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises knife tool, comprising a knife blade having a cutting edge, and wherein the knife tool is clamped to the receiving part by the clamp. 11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the knife tool is mounted such that at least a point of the cutting edge of the knife blade is exposed and directed forwardly towards the tip of the fingers of the hand on which the device is mounted when the fingers are stretched out. 12. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a band of plastic or metal, bend to sufficiently enclose one or more fingers or two fingers. 13. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a strap for securing the device onto one or more fingers of the user or two fingers of the user. 14. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member encloses at least a part of proximal finger parts of two neighbouring fingers. 15. The device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a support region extending over at least a part of the finger(s) on which the device is mounted and along a direction parallel to the transverse plane dividing the mounting member and the receiving part. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein at least a part of the support region is shaped to be positioned between two neighbouring fingers such as to prevent rotation of the mounting member about and axis parallel to the longitudinal extent of the fingers. 17. A method for retaining a tool to a device, wherein the device comprises a mounting member for fixing the device on one or more fingers and a receiving part for holding the tool, wherein the receiving part is fixed to the mounting member, and the receiving part comprises at least one clamp for clamping a tool to the device, the clamp comprises
at least two clamping surfaces, and an open position and a closed position, wherein in the open position the clamp facilitates placing a tool into the clamp or removing a tool from the clamp, and wherein the closed position facilitates securely retaining the tool in the receiving part, and wherein the receiving part further comprises at least one engagement member made of a rigid material and providing at least one moment arm attached to the clamp, such that the clamp is operable via the engagement member into the open position and the closed position by one or more fingers of the same hand the device is mounted on, the method comprises the steps of:
mounting the device on one or more fingers of a hand of the user via the mounting member, such that the receiving part is positioned on the dorsum side of the hand,
engaging one or more fingers neighbouring the one or more fingers on which the device is mounted with the clamp so as to place the clamp in an open position,
maintaining the open position of the clamp and simultaneously placing a tool between the clamping surfaces of the clamp,
placing the clamp in the closed position, whereby the tool is retained in the clamp. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the device is a device according to claim 1. 19. A method of use of a device according to claim 1 comprising mounting a tool onto a hand of a user. 20. (canceled) 21. The device according to claim 13, wherein the strap is a hook and loop fastening strap. 22. The device according to claim 13, wherein the strap is a flexible strap. | 1,700 |
339,012 | 16,799,880 | 1,731 | A monolithic integrated device may include a first device having a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) substrate, and a second device arranged over the CMOS substrate. The second device may include a first conductive element, and a second conductive element arranged over the first conductive element. A via opening may extend through the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to an interconnect of the CMOS substrate. A via contact may be arranged in the via opening to contact the first conductive element, the second conductive element, and the interconnect of the CMOS substrate. The via contact electrically connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate. | 1. A monolithic integrated device, comprising:
a first device comprising a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) substrate; a second device arranged over the CMOS substrate, wherein the second device comprises:
a first conductive element; and
a second conductive element arranged over the first conductive element;
a via opening extending through the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to an interconnect of the CMOS substrate; and a via contact arranged in the via opening to contact the first conductive element, the second conductive element, and the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the via contact electrically connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate. 2. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the via contact lines the via opening. 3. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the via opening comprises at least a first via width at a first via level and a second via width at a second via level; wherein the first via width is different from the second via width. 4. The monolithic integrated device of claim 3, wherein the first via width extends to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the second via width is wider than the first via width and extends to a top surface of the first conductive element; and further comprising a third via width wider than the second via width extending to a top surface of the second conductive element. 5. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the via opening further comprises at least one extension region to increase a contact area of at least one of the first conductive element and the second conductive element for the via contact. 6. The monolithic integrated device of claim 5, wherein the via opening having the at least one extension region comprises a triangle configuration. 7. The monolithic integrated device of claim 5, wherein the via opening having the at least one extension region comprises a flat oval configuration. 8. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, further comprising one or more additional via openings arranged adjacent to a device area of the second device; and further comprising respective via contacts arranged therein. 9. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the interconnect of the CMOS substrate comprises a top metal of the CMOS substrate. 10. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the second device comprises a transducer. 11. The monolithic integrated device of claim 10, wherein the second device comprises a sensor. 12. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the first conductive element is a patterned bottom electrode, and wherein the second conductive element is a patterned top electrode. 13. The monolithic integrated device of claim 12, wherein the second device further comprises a piezoelectric layer arranged between the patterned top electrode and the patterned bottom electrode. 14. The monolithic integrated device of claim 13, wherein piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric layer is receded with respect to the first conductive element and the second conductive element in the via opening. 15. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the second device further comprises additional conductive elements arranged over the first conductive element and the second conductive element; wherein the via opening further extends through one or more of the additional conductive elements, and the via contact further contacts one or more of the additional conductive elements. 16. A method of forming a monolithic integrated device, comprising:
providing a second device over a first device having a complementary metal—oxide—semiconductor (CMOS) substrate, wherein the second device comprises a first conductive element, and a second conductive element arranged over the first conductive element; forming a via opening extending through the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to an interconnect of the CMOS substrate; and forming a via contact in the via opening to contact the first conductive element, the second conductive element, and the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the via contact electrically connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the via contact lines the via opening. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the via opening comprises at least a first via width at a first via level and a second via width at a second via level; wherein the first via width is different from the second via width. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first via width extends to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the second via width is wider than the first via width and extends to a top surface of the first conductive element; and further comprising a third via width wider than the second via width to extend to a top surface of the second conductive element. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the via opening further comprises at least one extension region to increase a contact area of at least one of the first conductive element and the second conductive element for the via contact. | A monolithic integrated device may include a first device having a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) substrate, and a second device arranged over the CMOS substrate. The second device may include a first conductive element, and a second conductive element arranged over the first conductive element. A via opening may extend through the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to an interconnect of the CMOS substrate. A via contact may be arranged in the via opening to contact the first conductive element, the second conductive element, and the interconnect of the CMOS substrate. The via contact electrically connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate.1. A monolithic integrated device, comprising:
a first device comprising a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) substrate; a second device arranged over the CMOS substrate, wherein the second device comprises:
a first conductive element; and
a second conductive element arranged over the first conductive element;
a via opening extending through the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to an interconnect of the CMOS substrate; and a via contact arranged in the via opening to contact the first conductive element, the second conductive element, and the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the via contact electrically connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate. 2. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the via contact lines the via opening. 3. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the via opening comprises at least a first via width at a first via level and a second via width at a second via level; wherein the first via width is different from the second via width. 4. The monolithic integrated device of claim 3, wherein the first via width extends to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the second via width is wider than the first via width and extends to a top surface of the first conductive element; and further comprising a third via width wider than the second via width extending to a top surface of the second conductive element. 5. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the via opening further comprises at least one extension region to increase a contact area of at least one of the first conductive element and the second conductive element for the via contact. 6. The monolithic integrated device of claim 5, wherein the via opening having the at least one extension region comprises a triangle configuration. 7. The monolithic integrated device of claim 5, wherein the via opening having the at least one extension region comprises a flat oval configuration. 8. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, further comprising one or more additional via openings arranged adjacent to a device area of the second device; and further comprising respective via contacts arranged therein. 9. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the interconnect of the CMOS substrate comprises a top metal of the CMOS substrate. 10. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the second device comprises a transducer. 11. The monolithic integrated device of claim 10, wherein the second device comprises a sensor. 12. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the first conductive element is a patterned bottom electrode, and wherein the second conductive element is a patterned top electrode. 13. The monolithic integrated device of claim 12, wherein the second device further comprises a piezoelectric layer arranged between the patterned top electrode and the patterned bottom electrode. 14. The monolithic integrated device of claim 13, wherein piezoelectric material of the piezoelectric layer is receded with respect to the first conductive element and the second conductive element in the via opening. 15. The monolithic integrated device of claim 1, wherein the second device further comprises additional conductive elements arranged over the first conductive element and the second conductive element; wherein the via opening further extends through one or more of the additional conductive elements, and the via contact further contacts one or more of the additional conductive elements. 16. A method of forming a monolithic integrated device, comprising:
providing a second device over a first device having a complementary metal—oxide—semiconductor (CMOS) substrate, wherein the second device comprises a first conductive element, and a second conductive element arranged over the first conductive element; forming a via opening extending through the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to an interconnect of the CMOS substrate; and forming a via contact in the via opening to contact the first conductive element, the second conductive element, and the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the via contact electrically connects the first conductive element and the second conductive element of the second device to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the via contact lines the via opening. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the via opening comprises at least a first via width at a first via level and a second via width at a second via level; wherein the first via width is different from the second via width. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first via width extends to the interconnect of the CMOS substrate; wherein the second via width is wider than the first via width and extends to a top surface of the first conductive element; and further comprising a third via width wider than the second via width to extend to a top surface of the second conductive element. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the via opening further comprises at least one extension region to increase a contact area of at least one of the first conductive element and the second conductive element for the via contact. | 1,700 |
339,013 | 16,799,867 | 2,655 | Disclosed are various approaches for authenticating a user through a voice assistant device and creating an association between the device and a user account. The request is associated with a network or federated service. The user can use a client device, such as a smartphone, to initiate an authentication flow. A passphrase is provided to the client device can captured by the client device and a voice assistant device. Audio captured by the client device and voice assistant device can be sent to an assistant connection service. The passphrase and an audio signature calculated from the audio can be validated. An association between the user account and the voice assistant device can then be created. | 1. A system for authenticating a user with a service account through a voice assistant, comprising:
at least one computing device; at least one application that, when executed by the at least one application, causes the computing device to at least:
receive a request to authenticate a user on behalf of a voice assistant;
identify a user account associated with the request;
generate a passphrase associated with the request, the passphrase being associated with the user account;
transmit the passphrase to a client device associated with the user account, wherein the user account has been previously authenticated through the client device, wherein the client device and the voice assistant are in a listening mode to capture audio to capture a readout of the passphrase;
obtain a first representation of the readout of the passphrase from the voice assistant;
obtain a second representation of the readout from the client device; and
associate the user account with the voice assistant in response to validating that the first representation and the second representation match one another. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the passphrase is a temporary one-time password that expires after an expiry time period. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one application further causes the client device to display a prompt to readout the passphrase. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises an audio signature generated from audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the audio signature comprises background noise contained within the audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device, and the at least one application further causes the at least one computing device to generate an audio signature based upon the audio. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one computing device, cause the computing device to validate the first representation and the second representation by determining that the client device is in proximity to the voice assistant based upon an audio signature of the first representation matching an audio signature of the second representation. 8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising machine-readable instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by at least one processor, cause a computing device to at least:
receive a request to authenticate a user on behalf of a voice assistant; identify a user account associated with the request; generate a passphrase associated with the request, the passphrase being associated with the user account; transmit the passphrase to a client device associated with the user account, wherein the user account has been previously authenticated through the client device, wherein the client device and the voice assistant are in a listening mode to capture audio to capture a readout of the passphrase; obtain a first representation of the readout of the passphrase from the voice assistant; obtain a second representation of the readout from the client device; and associate the user account with the voice assistant in response to validating that the first representation and the second representation match one another. 9. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the passphrase is a temporary one-time password that expires after an expiry time period. 10. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the instructions further cause the client device to display a prompt to readout the passphrase. 11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises an audio signature generated from audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the audio signature comprises background noise contained within the audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device, and the instructions further cause the at least one computing device to generate an audio signature based upon the audio. 14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the computing device to validate the first representation and the second representation by determining that the client device is in proximity to the voice assistant based upon an audio signature of the first representation matching an audio signature of the second representation. 15. A method comprising:
receiving a request to authenticate a user on behalf of a voice assistant; identifying a user account associated with the request; generating a passphrase associated with the request, the passphrase being associated with the user account; transmitting the passphrase to a client device associated with the user account, wherein the user account has been previously authenticated through the client device, wherein the client device and the voice assistant are in a listening mode to capture audio to capture a readout of the passphrase; obtaining a first representation of the readout of the passphrase from the voice assistant; obtaining a second representation of the readout from the client device; and associating the user account with the voice assistant in response to validating that the first representation and the second representation match one another. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the passphrase is a temporary one-time password that expires after an expiry time period. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising causing the client device to display a prompt to readout the passphrase. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises an audio signature generated from audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the audio signature comprises background noise contained within the audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device, and the method further comprises generating an audio signature based upon the audio. | Disclosed are various approaches for authenticating a user through a voice assistant device and creating an association between the device and a user account. The request is associated with a network or federated service. The user can use a client device, such as a smartphone, to initiate an authentication flow. A passphrase is provided to the client device can captured by the client device and a voice assistant device. Audio captured by the client device and voice assistant device can be sent to an assistant connection service. The passphrase and an audio signature calculated from the audio can be validated. An association between the user account and the voice assistant device can then be created.1. A system for authenticating a user with a service account through a voice assistant, comprising:
at least one computing device; at least one application that, when executed by the at least one application, causes the computing device to at least:
receive a request to authenticate a user on behalf of a voice assistant;
identify a user account associated with the request;
generate a passphrase associated with the request, the passphrase being associated with the user account;
transmit the passphrase to a client device associated with the user account, wherein the user account has been previously authenticated through the client device, wherein the client device and the voice assistant are in a listening mode to capture audio to capture a readout of the passphrase;
obtain a first representation of the readout of the passphrase from the voice assistant;
obtain a second representation of the readout from the client device; and
associate the user account with the voice assistant in response to validating that the first representation and the second representation match one another. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the passphrase is a temporary one-time password that expires after an expiry time period. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one application further causes the client device to display a prompt to readout the passphrase. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises an audio signature generated from audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the audio signature comprises background noise contained within the audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device, and the at least one application further causes the at least one computing device to generate an audio signature based upon the audio. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one computing device, cause the computing device to validate the first representation and the second representation by determining that the client device is in proximity to the voice assistant based upon an audio signature of the first representation matching an audio signature of the second representation. 8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising machine-readable instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed by at least one processor, cause a computing device to at least:
receive a request to authenticate a user on behalf of a voice assistant; identify a user account associated with the request; generate a passphrase associated with the request, the passphrase being associated with the user account; transmit the passphrase to a client device associated with the user account, wherein the user account has been previously authenticated through the client device, wherein the client device and the voice assistant are in a listening mode to capture audio to capture a readout of the passphrase; obtain a first representation of the readout of the passphrase from the voice assistant; obtain a second representation of the readout from the client device; and associate the user account with the voice assistant in response to validating that the first representation and the second representation match one another. 9. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the passphrase is a temporary one-time password that expires after an expiry time period. 10. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the instructions further cause the client device to display a prompt to readout the passphrase. 11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises an audio signature generated from audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the audio signature comprises background noise contained within the audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device, and the instructions further cause the at least one computing device to generate an audio signature based upon the audio. 14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the computing device to validate the first representation and the second representation by determining that the client device is in proximity to the voice assistant based upon an audio signature of the first representation matching an audio signature of the second representation. 15. A method comprising:
receiving a request to authenticate a user on behalf of a voice assistant; identifying a user account associated with the request; generating a passphrase associated with the request, the passphrase being associated with the user account; transmitting the passphrase to a client device associated with the user account, wherein the user account has been previously authenticated through the client device, wherein the client device and the voice assistant are in a listening mode to capture audio to capture a readout of the passphrase; obtaining a first representation of the readout of the passphrase from the voice assistant; obtaining a second representation of the readout from the client device; and associating the user account with the voice assistant in response to validating that the first representation and the second representation match one another. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the passphrase is a temporary one-time password that expires after an expiry time period. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising causing the client device to display a prompt to readout the passphrase. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises an audio signature generated from audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the audio signature comprises background noise contained within the audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the first representation or the second representation comprises audio captured by the voice assistant or the client device, and the method further comprises generating an audio signature based upon the audio. | 2,600 |
339,014 | 16,799,892 | 2,655 | Examples described herein provide a method for overspeed protection of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism. The method includes monitoring, by an overspeed protection circuit, a voltage across a first Zener diode and a second Zener diode. An anode of the first Zener diode is connected to an anode of the second Zener diode. The method further includes, responsive to determining that a Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, allowing a current to flow into a gate pin of a triac. The triac controls the motor of the gate crossing mechanism. | 1. A method for overspeed protection of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the method comprising:
monitoring, by an overspeed protection circuit, a voltage across a first Zener diode and a second Zener diode, an anode of the first Zener diode being connected to an anode of the second Zener diode; and responsive to determining that a Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, allowing a current to flow into a gate pin of a triac, wherein the triac controls the motor of the gate crossing mechanism. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is not exceeded, denying the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, continuing to monitor the voltage across the first Zener diode and the second Zener diode. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
determining whether the voltage across the first Zener diode and the second Zener diode returns to zero. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the voltage across the first Zener diode and the second Zener diode returns to zero, denying the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a three-phase motor. 8. A gate crossing mechanism comprising:
a motor having a first phase, a second phase, and a third phase; and a controller comprising a first overspeed controller associated with the first phase of the motor and the second phase of the motor, a second overspeed controller associated with the second phase of the motor and the third phase of the motor, and a third overspeed controller associated with the third phase of the motor and the first phase of the motor, wherein each of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers comprise a pair of Zener diodes in an anode-to-anode configuration, and wherein each of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is configured to:
monitor a voltage across their respective pair of Zener diodes to determine whether a Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, and
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, allow a current to flow into a gate pin of a triac, wherein the triac controls the motor of the gate crossing mechanism. 9. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers further comprise a low-pass filter. 10. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 11. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is not exceeded, deny the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 12. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, continue to monitor the voltage across the pair of Zener diodes. 13. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 12, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
determine whether the voltage across the pair of Zener diodes returns to zero. 14. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 13, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
responsive to determining that the voltage across the pair of Zener diodes returns to zero, deny the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 15. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein the controller further comprises a three-phase inverter, a motor snubber circuit, a charge pump, a signal isolator, a field-programmable gate array, a processor, and a battery. | Examples described herein provide a method for overspeed protection of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism. The method includes monitoring, by an overspeed protection circuit, a voltage across a first Zener diode and a second Zener diode. An anode of the first Zener diode is connected to an anode of the second Zener diode. The method further includes, responsive to determining that a Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, allowing a current to flow into a gate pin of a triac. The triac controls the motor of the gate crossing mechanism.1. A method for overspeed protection of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the method comprising:
monitoring, by an overspeed protection circuit, a voltage across a first Zener diode and a second Zener diode, an anode of the first Zener diode being connected to an anode of the second Zener diode; and responsive to determining that a Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, allowing a current to flow into a gate pin of a triac, wherein the triac controls the motor of the gate crossing mechanism. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is not exceeded, denying the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, continuing to monitor the voltage across the first Zener diode and the second Zener diode. 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
determining whether the voltage across the first Zener diode and the second Zener diode returns to zero. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the voltage across the first Zener diode and the second Zener diode returns to zero, denying the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a three-phase motor. 8. A gate crossing mechanism comprising:
a motor having a first phase, a second phase, and a third phase; and a controller comprising a first overspeed controller associated with the first phase of the motor and the second phase of the motor, a second overspeed controller associated with the second phase of the motor and the third phase of the motor, and a third overspeed controller associated with the third phase of the motor and the first phase of the motor, wherein each of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers comprise a pair of Zener diodes in an anode-to-anode configuration, and wherein each of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is configured to:
monitor a voltage across their respective pair of Zener diodes to determine whether a Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, and
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, allow a current to flow into a gate pin of a triac, wherein the triac controls the motor of the gate crossing mechanism. 9. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers further comprise a low-pass filter. 10. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 11. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is not exceeded, deny the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 12. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
responsive to determining that the Zener voltage threshold is exceeded, continue to monitor the voltage across the pair of Zener diodes. 13. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 12, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
determine whether the voltage across the pair of Zener diodes returns to zero. 14. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 13, wherein one or more of the first, second, and third overspeed controllers is further configured to:
responsive to determining that the voltage across the pair of Zener diodes returns to zero, deny the current to flow into the gate pin of the triac. 15. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein the controller further comprises a three-phase inverter, a motor snubber circuit, a charge pump, a signal isolator, a field-programmable gate array, a processor, and a battery. | 2,600 |
339,015 | 16,799,879 | 2,655 | A wakeup circuit includes an energy detection circuit and a wakeup signal generation circuit coupled to the energy detection circuit. The energy detection circuit is configured to, in response to receiving an input signal, generate a detect signal that is proportional to the input signal. The energy detection circuit is powered by the input signal. The wakeup signal generation circuit is configured to, in response to receiving the detect signal, generate a wakeup signal. | 1. A wakeup circuit, comprising:
an energy detection circuit configured to, in response to receiving an input signal, generate a detect signal that is proportional to the input signal, the energy detection circuit powered by the input signal; and a wakeup signal generation circuit coupled to the energy detection circuit, the wakeup signal generation circuit configured to, in response to receiving the detect signal, generate a wakeup signal. 2. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the energy detection circuit is powered entirely by the input signal. 3. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the wakeup signal generation circuit is further configured to generate leakage cancellation current proportional to a leakage current generated by the energy detection circuit. 4. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the energy detection circuit includes:
a multiplier configured to receive the input signal and, in response to receiving the input signal, generate a direct current (DC) output signal; and a pulldown transistor configured to receive the DC output signal, turn on in response to receiving the DC output signal, and generate the detect signal in response to turning on. 5. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the wakeup signal generation circuit includes:
a power switch configured to, in response to the wakeup signal generation circuit receiving the detect signal, turn on; a regulator configured to, in response to the power switch turning on, receive a power supply voltage and generate the wakeup signal. 6. An energy detection circuit, comprising:
a multiplier configured to receive an input signal and, in response to receiving the input signal, generate a direct current (DC) output signal; and a pulldown transistor configured to receive the DC output signal, turn on in response to receiving the DC output signal, and generate, in response to turning on, a detect signal proportional to the input signal; wherein the input signal is configured to power the multiplier and the pulldown transistor. 7. The energy detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the multiplier is configured to generate a DC output signal that includes a DC positive component and a DC negative component. 8. The energy detection circuit of claim 7, wherein the pulldown transistor includes a gate, a drain, and a source, the gate configured to receive the DC positive component and the source configured to receive the DC negative component. 9. The energy detection circuit of claim 8, wherein the drain is configured to generate the detect signal. 10. The energy detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the pulldown transistor is a n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). 11. The energy detection circuit of claim 7, wherein the input signal is a differential pair of alternating current (AC) signals including an AC positive component and an AC negative component. 12. The energy detection circuit of claim 11, wherein the multiplier includes:
a first multiplier component configured to generate the DC positive component, the first multiplier component including a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode and a second diode; and a second multiplier component configured to generate the DC negative component, the second multiplier component including a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a third diode, and a fourth diode, the second multiplier component having an opposite polarity to a polarity of the first multiplier component. 13. The energy detection circuit of claim 12, wherein the first diode, the second diode, the third diode, and the fourth diode are diode-connected transistors. 14. The energy detection circuit of claim 11, wherein the multiplier includes:
a first multiplier component configured to generate the DC positive component, the first multiplier component including:
a first capacitor configured to receive the AC positive component;
a second capacitor configured to receive the AC negative component;
a first transistor including a first source, a first drain, and a first gate, the first source connected to the first capacitor and the first drain and first gate connected to the second capacitor; and
a second transistor including a second source, a second drain, and a second gate, the second drain and second gate connected to the first capacitor and the first source and the second source connected to the second capacitor;
a second multiplier component configured to generate the DC negative component, the second multiplier component including:
a third capacitor configured to receive the AC positive component;
a fourth capacitor configured to receive the AC negative component;
a third transistor including a third source, a third drain, and a third gate, the third drain and third gate connected to the third capacitor and the third source connected to the fourth capacitor; and
a fourth transistor including a fourth source, a fourth drain, and a fourth gate, the fourth source connected to the third capacitor and the third gate and third drain and the fourth drain connected to the fourth capacitor. 15. The energy detection circuit of claim 9, wherein the multiplier and the pulldown transistor are configured to be entirely powered by the input signal. | A wakeup circuit includes an energy detection circuit and a wakeup signal generation circuit coupled to the energy detection circuit. The energy detection circuit is configured to, in response to receiving an input signal, generate a detect signal that is proportional to the input signal. The energy detection circuit is powered by the input signal. The wakeup signal generation circuit is configured to, in response to receiving the detect signal, generate a wakeup signal.1. A wakeup circuit, comprising:
an energy detection circuit configured to, in response to receiving an input signal, generate a detect signal that is proportional to the input signal, the energy detection circuit powered by the input signal; and a wakeup signal generation circuit coupled to the energy detection circuit, the wakeup signal generation circuit configured to, in response to receiving the detect signal, generate a wakeup signal. 2. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the energy detection circuit is powered entirely by the input signal. 3. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the wakeup signal generation circuit is further configured to generate leakage cancellation current proportional to a leakage current generated by the energy detection circuit. 4. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the energy detection circuit includes:
a multiplier configured to receive the input signal and, in response to receiving the input signal, generate a direct current (DC) output signal; and a pulldown transistor configured to receive the DC output signal, turn on in response to receiving the DC output signal, and generate the detect signal in response to turning on. 5. The wakeup circuit of claim 1, wherein the wakeup signal generation circuit includes:
a power switch configured to, in response to the wakeup signal generation circuit receiving the detect signal, turn on; a regulator configured to, in response to the power switch turning on, receive a power supply voltage and generate the wakeup signal. 6. An energy detection circuit, comprising:
a multiplier configured to receive an input signal and, in response to receiving the input signal, generate a direct current (DC) output signal; and a pulldown transistor configured to receive the DC output signal, turn on in response to receiving the DC output signal, and generate, in response to turning on, a detect signal proportional to the input signal; wherein the input signal is configured to power the multiplier and the pulldown transistor. 7. The energy detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the multiplier is configured to generate a DC output signal that includes a DC positive component and a DC negative component. 8. The energy detection circuit of claim 7, wherein the pulldown transistor includes a gate, a drain, and a source, the gate configured to receive the DC positive component and the source configured to receive the DC negative component. 9. The energy detection circuit of claim 8, wherein the drain is configured to generate the detect signal. 10. The energy detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the pulldown transistor is a n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). 11. The energy detection circuit of claim 7, wherein the input signal is a differential pair of alternating current (AC) signals including an AC positive component and an AC negative component. 12. The energy detection circuit of claim 11, wherein the multiplier includes:
a first multiplier component configured to generate the DC positive component, the first multiplier component including a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode and a second diode; and a second multiplier component configured to generate the DC negative component, the second multiplier component including a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a third diode, and a fourth diode, the second multiplier component having an opposite polarity to a polarity of the first multiplier component. 13. The energy detection circuit of claim 12, wherein the first diode, the second diode, the third diode, and the fourth diode are diode-connected transistors. 14. The energy detection circuit of claim 11, wherein the multiplier includes:
a first multiplier component configured to generate the DC positive component, the first multiplier component including:
a first capacitor configured to receive the AC positive component;
a second capacitor configured to receive the AC negative component;
a first transistor including a first source, a first drain, and a first gate, the first source connected to the first capacitor and the first drain and first gate connected to the second capacitor; and
a second transistor including a second source, a second drain, and a second gate, the second drain and second gate connected to the first capacitor and the first source and the second source connected to the second capacitor;
a second multiplier component configured to generate the DC negative component, the second multiplier component including:
a third capacitor configured to receive the AC positive component;
a fourth capacitor configured to receive the AC negative component;
a third transistor including a third source, a third drain, and a third gate, the third drain and third gate connected to the third capacitor and the third source connected to the fourth capacitor; and
a fourth transistor including a fourth source, a fourth drain, and a fourth gate, the fourth source connected to the third capacitor and the third gate and third drain and the fourth drain connected to the fourth capacitor. 15. The energy detection circuit of claim 9, wherein the multiplier and the pulldown transistor are configured to be entirely powered by the input signal. | 2,600 |
339,016 | 16,799,886 | 2,655 | A sensor system for detecting a property of or within an absorbent article may comprise an absorbent article and a sensor. The absorbent article may comprise a garment-facing layer and an absorbent assembly. The sensor may be disposed in and/or on the absorbent article. The sensor may be separable from the absorbent article. The sensor may be configured to sense a change in condition within the absorbent article. | 1. A system for detecting a property associated with an absorbent article, the system comprising: a. an absorbent article; b. a discrete strip of material disposed on an outer layer of the absorbent article for defining a pocket; and c. a multi-use sensor for detecting a property associated with the absorbent article and being configured for placement in and removal from the pocket; d. wherein the multi-use sensor comprises a water-tight housing to enable the multi-use sensor to be cleaned. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-use sensor comprises at least one of an inductive, capacitive, ultrasonic, optical, moisture, humidity, chemical, temperature, or electromagnetic sensor. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-use sensor senses variations in temperature or variations in humidity. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-use sensor senses ammonia or urea. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the absorbent article comprises a color change material that reacts with urine or feces to change color and be detectable by the sensor. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor has a substantially elongated and substantially rectangular shape. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the sensor has a substantially uniform width along an entire overall sensor length. 8. The system of claim 6, wherein the sensor has a varying width over all or part of its length. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor has a shape of a recognizable image. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the recognizable image comprises a letter, a number, or a word. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the recognizable image comprises a character, a face of an animal, a face of a person, a plant, or a car. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the pocket is deeper than the sensor is long. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein non-open edges of the strip are permanently joined to the absorbent article. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein an open edge of the discrete strip is adjacent to an edge of a waist opening of the absorbent article. 15. The system of claim 1, comprising a graphic for indicating a proper location for the sensor on the absorbent article. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the graphic comprises a color that is different than an area surrounding the graphic. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein the pocket comprises hooks for closing. 18. A system for detecting a property associated with an absorbent article, the system comprising: a. an absorbent article; b. a nonwoven strip of material disposed on an outer layer of the absorbent article for defining a pocket; and c. a multi-use sensor for detecting a property associated with the absorbent article and being configured for placement in and removal from the pocket; d. wherein the multi-use sensor comprises a sensor housing that is water-tight and capable of withstanding water temperatures greater than 185.degree. F. to enable the multi-use sensor to be washed. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein:
the multi-use sensor senses variations in temperature or variations in humidity; and the pocket is deeper than the sensor is long and comprises hooks for closing. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the sensor has a shape of a recognizable image comprising a letter, a number, a word, a face of an animal, a face of a person, a plant, or a car. | A sensor system for detecting a property of or within an absorbent article may comprise an absorbent article and a sensor. The absorbent article may comprise a garment-facing layer and an absorbent assembly. The sensor may be disposed in and/or on the absorbent article. The sensor may be separable from the absorbent article. The sensor may be configured to sense a change in condition within the absorbent article.1. A system for detecting a property associated with an absorbent article, the system comprising: a. an absorbent article; b. a discrete strip of material disposed on an outer layer of the absorbent article for defining a pocket; and c. a multi-use sensor for detecting a property associated with the absorbent article and being configured for placement in and removal from the pocket; d. wherein the multi-use sensor comprises a water-tight housing to enable the multi-use sensor to be cleaned. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-use sensor comprises at least one of an inductive, capacitive, ultrasonic, optical, moisture, humidity, chemical, temperature, or electromagnetic sensor. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-use sensor senses variations in temperature or variations in humidity. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-use sensor senses ammonia or urea. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the absorbent article comprises a color change material that reacts with urine or feces to change color and be detectable by the sensor. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor has a substantially elongated and substantially rectangular shape. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the sensor has a substantially uniform width along an entire overall sensor length. 8. The system of claim 6, wherein the sensor has a varying width over all or part of its length. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor has a shape of a recognizable image. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the recognizable image comprises a letter, a number, or a word. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the recognizable image comprises a character, a face of an animal, a face of a person, a plant, or a car. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the pocket is deeper than the sensor is long. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein non-open edges of the strip are permanently joined to the absorbent article. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein an open edge of the discrete strip is adjacent to an edge of a waist opening of the absorbent article. 15. The system of claim 1, comprising a graphic for indicating a proper location for the sensor on the absorbent article. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the graphic comprises a color that is different than an area surrounding the graphic. 17. The system of claim 1, wherein the pocket comprises hooks for closing. 18. A system for detecting a property associated with an absorbent article, the system comprising: a. an absorbent article; b. a nonwoven strip of material disposed on an outer layer of the absorbent article for defining a pocket; and c. a multi-use sensor for detecting a property associated with the absorbent article and being configured for placement in and removal from the pocket; d. wherein the multi-use sensor comprises a sensor housing that is water-tight and capable of withstanding water temperatures greater than 185.degree. F. to enable the multi-use sensor to be washed. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein:
the multi-use sensor senses variations in temperature or variations in humidity; and the pocket is deeper than the sensor is long and comprises hooks for closing. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the sensor has a shape of a recognizable image comprising a letter, a number, a word, a face of an animal, a face of a person, a plant, or a car. | 2,600 |
339,017 | 16,799,865 | 2,655 | Embodiments may provide techniques to generate training data for summarization of complex documents, such as scientific papers, articles, etc., that are scalable to provide large scale training data. For example, in an embodiment, a method may be implemented in a computer system and may comprise collecting a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents, collecting a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings, converting the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations, generating a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document, generating a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries, and training a machine learning model using the generated dataset. | 1. A method implemented in a computer system comprising a processor, memory accessible by the processor, and computer program instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor, the method comprising:
collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents; collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings; converting, at the computer system, the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations; generating, at the computer system, a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document; generating, at the computer system, a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries; and training, at the computer system, a machine learning model using the generated dataset. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting a plurality of sentences comprises modeling the generative process using a hidden Markov model. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein each hidden state of the hidden Markov model corresponds to a single sentence of the document and the sequence of spoken words from the transcripts correspond to the output sequence of the hidden Markov model. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the hidden Markov model has emission probabilities based on a semantic similarity measure between words, based on word-vector distance, transition probabilities that model probabilities of transitions between sentences, and start-probabilities based on an assumption that the summary must start with a sentence from an Introduction section of the document. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein sentences from Abstract, Related Work, and Acknowledgments sections of each document are excluded from the hidden states of the hidden Markov model. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising finding a most likely hidden state sequence using a Viterbi algorithm. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein each word in the transcript defines a time-step and selecting a plurality of sentences further comprises scoring each sentence based on a number of time-steps in which each sentence appears and selecting top scoring sentences to appear in the summary up a predetermined summary length. 8. A system comprising a processor, memory accessible by the processor, and computer program instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to perform:
collecting a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents; collecting a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings; converting the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations; generating a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document; generating a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries; and training a machine learning model using the generated dataset. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein selecting a plurality of sentences comprises modeling the generative process using a hidden Markov model. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein each hidden state of the hidden Markov model corresponds to a single sentence of the document and the sequence of spoken words from the transcripts correspond to the output sequence of the hidden Markov model. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the hidden Markov model has emission probabilities based on a semantic similarity measure between words, based on word-vector distance, transition probabilities that model probabilities of transitions between sentences, and start-probabilities based on an assumption that the summary must start with a sentence from an Introduction section of the document. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein sentences from Abstract, Related Work, and Acknowledgments sections of each document are excluded from the hidden states of the hidden Markov model. 13. The system of claim 12, further comprising finding a most likely hidden state sequence using a Viterbi algorithm. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein each word in the transcript defines a time-step and selecting a plurality of sentences further comprises scoring each sentence based on a number of time-steps in which each sentence appears and selecting top scoring sentences to appear in the summary up a predetermined summary length. 15. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable storage having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a computer, to cause the computer to perform a method comprising:
collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents; collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings; converting, at the computer system, the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations; generating, at the computer system, a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document; generating, at the computer system, a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries; and training, at the computer system, a machine learning model using the generated dataset. 16. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein selecting a plurality of sentences comprises modeling the generative process using a hidden Markov model. 17. The computer program product of claim 16, wherein each hidden state of the hidden Markov model corresponds to a single sentence of the document and the sequence of spoken words from the transcripts correspond to the output sequence of the hidden Markov model. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the hidden Markov model has emission probabilities based on a semantic similarity measure between words, based on word-vector distance, transition probabilities that model probabilities of transitions between sentences, and start-probabilities based on an assumption that the summary must start with a sentence from an Introduction section of the document. 19. The computer program product of claim 18, wherein sentences from Abstract, Related Work, and Acknowledgments sections of each document are excluded from the hidden states of the hidden Markov model. 20. The computer program product of claim 19, further comprising finding a most likely hidden state sequence using a Viterbi algorithm and wherein each word in the transcript defines a time-step and selecting a plurality of sentences further comprises scoring each sentence based on a number of time-steps in which each sentence appears and selecting top scoring sentences to appear in the summary up a predetermined summary length. | Embodiments may provide techniques to generate training data for summarization of complex documents, such as scientific papers, articles, etc., that are scalable to provide large scale training data. For example, in an embodiment, a method may be implemented in a computer system and may comprise collecting a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents, collecting a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings, converting the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations, generating a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document, generating a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries, and training a machine learning model using the generated dataset.1. A method implemented in a computer system comprising a processor, memory accessible by the processor, and computer program instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor, the method comprising:
collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents; collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings; converting, at the computer system, the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations; generating, at the computer system, a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document; generating, at the computer system, a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries; and training, at the computer system, a machine learning model using the generated dataset. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting a plurality of sentences comprises modeling the generative process using a hidden Markov model. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein each hidden state of the hidden Markov model corresponds to a single sentence of the document and the sequence of spoken words from the transcripts correspond to the output sequence of the hidden Markov model. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the hidden Markov model has emission probabilities based on a semantic similarity measure between words, based on word-vector distance, transition probabilities that model probabilities of transitions between sentences, and start-probabilities based on an assumption that the summary must start with a sentence from an Introduction section of the document. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein sentences from Abstract, Related Work, and Acknowledgments sections of each document are excluded from the hidden states of the hidden Markov model. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising finding a most likely hidden state sequence using a Viterbi algorithm. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein each word in the transcript defines a time-step and selecting a plurality of sentences further comprises scoring each sentence based on a number of time-steps in which each sentence appears and selecting top scoring sentences to appear in the summary up a predetermined summary length. 8. A system comprising a processor, memory accessible by the processor, and computer program instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to perform:
collecting a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents; collecting a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings; converting the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations; generating a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document; generating a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries; and training a machine learning model using the generated dataset. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein selecting a plurality of sentences comprises modeling the generative process using a hidden Markov model. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein each hidden state of the hidden Markov model corresponds to a single sentence of the document and the sequence of spoken words from the transcripts correspond to the output sequence of the hidden Markov model. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the hidden Markov model has emission probabilities based on a semantic similarity measure between words, based on word-vector distance, transition probabilities that model probabilities of transitions between sentences, and start-probabilities based on an assumption that the summary must start with a sentence from an Introduction section of the document. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein sentences from Abstract, Related Work, and Acknowledgments sections of each document are excluded from the hidden states of the hidden Markov model. 13. The system of claim 12, further comprising finding a most likely hidden state sequence using a Viterbi algorithm. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein each word in the transcript defines a time-step and selecting a plurality of sentences further comprises scoring each sentence based on a number of time-steps in which each sentence appears and selecting top scoring sentences to appear in the summary up a predetermined summary length. 15. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer readable storage having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a computer, to cause the computer to perform a method comprising:
collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents; collecting, at the computer system, a plurality of documents corresponding to the video and audio recordings; converting, at the computer system, the plurality of video and audio recordings of presentations of documents into transcripts of the plurality of presentations; generating, at the computer system, a summary of each document by selecting a plurality of sentences from each document using the transcript of the that document; generating, at the computer system, a dataset comprising a plurality of the generated summaries; and training, at the computer system, a machine learning model using the generated dataset. 16. The computer program product of claim 15, wherein selecting a plurality of sentences comprises modeling the generative process using a hidden Markov model. 17. The computer program product of claim 16, wherein each hidden state of the hidden Markov model corresponds to a single sentence of the document and the sequence of spoken words from the transcripts correspond to the output sequence of the hidden Markov model. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the hidden Markov model has emission probabilities based on a semantic similarity measure between words, based on word-vector distance, transition probabilities that model probabilities of transitions between sentences, and start-probabilities based on an assumption that the summary must start with a sentence from an Introduction section of the document. 19. The computer program product of claim 18, wherein sentences from Abstract, Related Work, and Acknowledgments sections of each document are excluded from the hidden states of the hidden Markov model. 20. The computer program product of claim 19, further comprising finding a most likely hidden state sequence using a Viterbi algorithm and wherein each word in the transcript defines a time-step and selecting a plurality of sentences further comprises scoring each sentence based on a number of time-steps in which each sentence appears and selecting top scoring sentences to appear in the summary up a predetermined summary length. | 2,600 |
339,018 | 16,799,870 | 2,655 | An aqueous composition, a sprayable composition containing the aqueous composition, and a method of making the aqueous composition are provided. The aqueous composition includes an aqueous phase and liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed throughout the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase has a structurant system including a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide. The aqueous phase comprises less than 10,000 ppm surfactant. The aqueous composition exhibits a yield stress as determined by the RHEOLOGY TEST METHOD. | 1. A sprayable product comprising:
a spray dispenser; and an aqueous composition disposed in the spray dispenser, the aqueous composition comprising an aqueous phase and liquid benefit agent droplets homogeneously and discontinuously dispersed throughout the aqueous phase, wherein the aqueous phase comprises a structurant system comprising a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide, wherein the aqueous phase comprises less than 10,000 ppm surfactant, and wherein the aqueous composition exhibits a yield stress as determined by the RHEOLOGY TEST METHOD. 2. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the first polysaccharide comprises xanthan gum and the second polysaccharide is selected from the group consisting of glucomannan, galactomannan, or combinations thereof. 3. The sprayable product of claim 2, where the second polysaccharide is selected from the group consisting of: konjac gum, tara gum, locust bean gum, or combination thereof. 4. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the structurant system is present at a level of less than or equal to 0.5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition. 5. The sprayable product of claim 2, wherein the first polysaccharide is present at a level of greater than 10 wt. % and less than 90 wt. %, based on the total weight of the structurant system. 6. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the aqueous phase comprises less than 100 ppm surfactant. 7. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the aqueous phase does not comprise an effective amount of a surfactant. 8. The sprayable product of claim 1, where the aqueous composition comprises greater than 90 wt. % water. 9. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the liquid benefit agent is selected from the group consisting of silicone, aminosilicone, D5, PDMS, essential oil, natural oil, perfume oil, polyoil, and combinations thereof. 10. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets have a diameter of less than 300 μm determined by the DROPLET SIZE TEST METHOD. 11. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets comprise less than 20 wt. % of the aqueous composition. 12. An aqueous composition comprising an aqueous phase and liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed throughout the aqueous phase, wherein the aqueous composition is made by a process comprising the steps of:
mixing a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide in water to form a concentrated aqueous phase, wherein the first polysaccharide is different from the second polysaccharide; emulsifying a liquid benefit agent into the concentrated aqueous phase to form liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed through the concentrated aqueous phase; and diluting the concentrated aqueous phase additional water to form the aqueous composition, wherein the concentration of the structurant system in the concentrated aqueous phase is greater than the concentration of the structurant system in the aqueous composition. 13. The aqueous composition of claim 12 further comprising a plurality of solid particles. 14. The aqueous composition of claim 12, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets comprise two or more different liquid benefit agents. 15. The aqueous composition of claim 12, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets have a diameter less than 300 μm as determined by the DROPLET SIZE TEST METHOD, and wherein the concentrate exhibits a yield stress as determined by the RHEOLOGY TEST METHOD. 16. The aqueous composition of claim 12, wherein the aqueous composition comprises between 0.1 wt. % to 20 wt. % of the liquid benefit agent droplets, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition. 17. A method of formulating an aqueous composition, the method comprising the steps of:
dispersing a structurant system into water to form a concentrate, the structurant system comprising a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide; mixing a liquid benefit agent into the concentrate to form liquid benefit agent droplets dispersed throughout the concentrate; and diluting the concentrate with additional water to form the aqueous composition, wherein the concentration of the structurant system in the concentrate is greater than the concentration of the structurant system in the aqueous composition. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the concentrate is a first concentrate, wherein the liquid benefit agent is a first liquid benefit agent, the method further comprising the steps of:
dispersing a structurant system into water to form a second concentrate, the structurant system comprising a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide; mixing a second liquid benefit agent into the second concentrate to form second liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed throughout the concentrated aqueous phase, wherein the first and second liquid benefit agents have different viscosities; mixing the first and second concentrates; and diluting the first and second concentrates with additional water, wherein the concentration of the structurant system in the second concentrate is greater than the concentration of the structurant system in the aqueous composition. 19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the aqueous phase does not comprise an effective amount of a surfactant. 20. The method according to claim 17 further comprising a plurality of solid particles. | An aqueous composition, a sprayable composition containing the aqueous composition, and a method of making the aqueous composition are provided. The aqueous composition includes an aqueous phase and liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed throughout the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase has a structurant system including a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide. The aqueous phase comprises less than 10,000 ppm surfactant. The aqueous composition exhibits a yield stress as determined by the RHEOLOGY TEST METHOD.1. A sprayable product comprising:
a spray dispenser; and an aqueous composition disposed in the spray dispenser, the aqueous composition comprising an aqueous phase and liquid benefit agent droplets homogeneously and discontinuously dispersed throughout the aqueous phase, wherein the aqueous phase comprises a structurant system comprising a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide, wherein the aqueous phase comprises less than 10,000 ppm surfactant, and wherein the aqueous composition exhibits a yield stress as determined by the RHEOLOGY TEST METHOD. 2. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the first polysaccharide comprises xanthan gum and the second polysaccharide is selected from the group consisting of glucomannan, galactomannan, or combinations thereof. 3. The sprayable product of claim 2, where the second polysaccharide is selected from the group consisting of: konjac gum, tara gum, locust bean gum, or combination thereof. 4. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the structurant system is present at a level of less than or equal to 0.5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition. 5. The sprayable product of claim 2, wherein the first polysaccharide is present at a level of greater than 10 wt. % and less than 90 wt. %, based on the total weight of the structurant system. 6. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the aqueous phase comprises less than 100 ppm surfactant. 7. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the aqueous phase does not comprise an effective amount of a surfactant. 8. The sprayable product of claim 1, where the aqueous composition comprises greater than 90 wt. % water. 9. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the liquid benefit agent is selected from the group consisting of silicone, aminosilicone, D5, PDMS, essential oil, natural oil, perfume oil, polyoil, and combinations thereof. 10. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets have a diameter of less than 300 μm determined by the DROPLET SIZE TEST METHOD. 11. The sprayable product of claim 1, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets comprise less than 20 wt. % of the aqueous composition. 12. An aqueous composition comprising an aqueous phase and liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed throughout the aqueous phase, wherein the aqueous composition is made by a process comprising the steps of:
mixing a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide in water to form a concentrated aqueous phase, wherein the first polysaccharide is different from the second polysaccharide; emulsifying a liquid benefit agent into the concentrated aqueous phase to form liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed through the concentrated aqueous phase; and diluting the concentrated aqueous phase additional water to form the aqueous composition, wherein the concentration of the structurant system in the concentrated aqueous phase is greater than the concentration of the structurant system in the aqueous composition. 13. The aqueous composition of claim 12 further comprising a plurality of solid particles. 14. The aqueous composition of claim 12, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets comprise two or more different liquid benefit agents. 15. The aqueous composition of claim 12, wherein the liquid benefit agent droplets have a diameter less than 300 μm as determined by the DROPLET SIZE TEST METHOD, and wherein the concentrate exhibits a yield stress as determined by the RHEOLOGY TEST METHOD. 16. The aqueous composition of claim 12, wherein the aqueous composition comprises between 0.1 wt. % to 20 wt. % of the liquid benefit agent droplets, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition. 17. A method of formulating an aqueous composition, the method comprising the steps of:
dispersing a structurant system into water to form a concentrate, the structurant system comprising a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide; mixing a liquid benefit agent into the concentrate to form liquid benefit agent droplets dispersed throughout the concentrate; and diluting the concentrate with additional water to form the aqueous composition, wherein the concentration of the structurant system in the concentrate is greater than the concentration of the structurant system in the aqueous composition. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the concentrate is a first concentrate, wherein the liquid benefit agent is a first liquid benefit agent, the method further comprising the steps of:
dispersing a structurant system into water to form a second concentrate, the structurant system comprising a first polysaccharide and a second polysaccharide that is different from the first polysaccharide; mixing a second liquid benefit agent into the second concentrate to form second liquid benefit agent droplets discontinuously dispersed throughout the concentrated aqueous phase, wherein the first and second liquid benefit agents have different viscosities; mixing the first and second concentrates; and diluting the first and second concentrates with additional water, wherein the concentration of the structurant system in the second concentrate is greater than the concentration of the structurant system in the aqueous composition. 19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the aqueous phase does not comprise an effective amount of a surfactant. 20. The method according to claim 17 further comprising a plurality of solid particles. | 2,600 |
339,019 | 16,799,919 | 2,655 | An aerobic organic material processor includes a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis. The tank is divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank. Each compartment is connected to other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank. An agitator is provided for agitating the organic material within the tank. Fluid ports are positioned toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments. Applying either a suction force or pressure to at least one of the fluid ports causes fluids to migrate from compartment to compartment via the fluid passageway, thereby aerating organic material within the tank. | 1. An aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank; an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank; an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank; an agitator for agitating the organic material within the tank; and fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments. 2. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 1, wherein the compartments are formed from baffles sealably connected to the outer wall of the tank. 3. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 2, wherein the fluid passageway comprises an opening in the baffle toward the bottom of the tank. 4. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 1, wherein the agitator depends from a rotatable shaft extending substantially parallel to the axis of the tank 5. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 4, wherein the shaft is driven by a motor. 6. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 4, wherein the agitator comprises rotating arms depending from the rotatable shaft positioned in each compartment, and fixed arms affixed to the outer wall of the tank and interposed between the rotating arms. 7. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 4, wherein the compartments are formed from baffles sealably connected to the outer wall of the tank, each baffle having a sealed connection for receiving the shaft, the sealed connection permitting rotation of the shaft. 8. An aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments by baffles sealably connected to the outer wall, distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to the other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank, the passageway comprising an opening in the baffle toward the bottom of the tank; an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank; an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank; rotating arms depending from a rotatable shaft positioned in each compartment for agitating the organic material within the tank, and fixed arms affixed to the outer wall of the tank and interposed between the rotating arms, the shaft extending substantially parallel to the axis of the tank, the shaft being driven by a motor, each baffle having a sealed connection for receiving the shaft, the sealed connection permitting rotation of the shaft; and fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments. 9. A method of introducing oxygen into an aerobic organic material processor, comprising the steps of:
providing an aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to the other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank;
an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank;
an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank;
an agitator for agitating the organic material within the tank; and
providing fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments; applying a suction force to one of the fluid ports to extract gas from at least one of the compartments and continuing to apply suction to cause air to be drawn through other fluid ports into other compartments and migrate through the fluid passageway, thereby aerating organic material within the tank. 10. The method of claim 9, including a step of maintaining a gas cavity about each fluid port within the tank to prevent the organic material from blocking the fluid ports and to provide fluids access to the full surface area of the material contained within the compartments. 11. The method of claim 9, including a step of using the fluid ports to one of inject gases and water vapour into the tank or remove gases and water vapour from the tank. 12. The method claim 11, gases and water vapour being injected or removed from the tank to control at least one of the temperature, the oxygen level and the moisture level in one or more compartments. 13. A method of introducing oxygen into an aerobic organic material processor, comprising the steps of:
providing an aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to the other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank;
an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank;
an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank;
an agitator for agitating the organic material within the tank; and
providing fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments; applying air under pressure to one of the fluid ports to cause air to migrate from compartment to compartment via the fluid passageway, thereby aerating organic material within the tank, with excess fluid being expelled through the other fluid ports. | An aerobic organic material processor includes a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis. The tank is divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank. Each compartment is connected to other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank. An agitator is provided for agitating the organic material within the tank. Fluid ports are positioned toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments. Applying either a suction force or pressure to at least one of the fluid ports causes fluids to migrate from compartment to compartment via the fluid passageway, thereby aerating organic material within the tank.1. An aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank; an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank; an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank; an agitator for agitating the organic material within the tank; and fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments. 2. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 1, wherein the compartments are formed from baffles sealably connected to the outer wall of the tank. 3. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 2, wherein the fluid passageway comprises an opening in the baffle toward the bottom of the tank. 4. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 1, wherein the agitator depends from a rotatable shaft extending substantially parallel to the axis of the tank 5. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 4, wherein the shaft is driven by a motor. 6. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 4, wherein the agitator comprises rotating arms depending from the rotatable shaft positioned in each compartment, and fixed arms affixed to the outer wall of the tank and interposed between the rotating arms. 7. The aerobic organic material processor of claim 4, wherein the compartments are formed from baffles sealably connected to the outer wall of the tank, each baffle having a sealed connection for receiving the shaft, the sealed connection permitting rotation of the shaft. 8. An aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments by baffles sealably connected to the outer wall, distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to the other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank, the passageway comprising an opening in the baffle toward the bottom of the tank; an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank; an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank; rotating arms depending from a rotatable shaft positioned in each compartment for agitating the organic material within the tank, and fixed arms affixed to the outer wall of the tank and interposed between the rotating arms, the shaft extending substantially parallel to the axis of the tank, the shaft being driven by a motor, each baffle having a sealed connection for receiving the shaft, the sealed connection permitting rotation of the shaft; and fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments. 9. A method of introducing oxygen into an aerobic organic material processor, comprising the steps of:
providing an aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to the other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank;
an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank;
an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank;
an agitator for agitating the organic material within the tank; and
providing fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments; applying a suction force to one of the fluid ports to extract gas from at least one of the compartments and continuing to apply suction to cause air to be drawn through other fluid ports into other compartments and migrate through the fluid passageway, thereby aerating organic material within the tank. 10. The method of claim 9, including a step of maintaining a gas cavity about each fluid port within the tank to prevent the organic material from blocking the fluid ports and to provide fluids access to the full surface area of the material contained within the compartments. 11. The method of claim 9, including a step of using the fluid ports to one of inject gases and water vapour into the tank or remove gases and water vapour from the tank. 12. The method claim 11, gases and water vapour being injected or removed from the tank to control at least one of the temperature, the oxygen level and the moisture level in one or more compartments. 13. A method of introducing oxygen into an aerobic organic material processor, comprising the steps of:
providing an aerobic organic material processor, comprising:
a tank having an outer wall, a top, a bottom, a first end, a second end, and a horizontal axis, the tank being divided into compartments distributed along the horizontal axis of the tank between the first end of the tank and the second end of the tank, each compartment being fluidly connected to the other compartments by a fluid passageway toward the bottom of the tank;
an organic material input positioned toward the first end of the tank;
an organic material output positioned toward the second end of the tank;
an agitator for agitating the organic material within the tank; and
providing fluid ports toward the top of the tank in communication with each of the compartments; applying air under pressure to one of the fluid ports to cause air to migrate from compartment to compartment via the fluid passageway, thereby aerating organic material within the tank, with excess fluid being expelled through the other fluid ports. | 2,600 |
339,020 | 16,799,900 | 2,655 | Examples described herein provide a computer-implemented method for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism. The method includes monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor. The method further includes determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor. The method further includes determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU. The method further includes responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault. | 1. A computer-implemented method for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the method comprising:
monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor; determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor; determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU; and responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the expected TCU is based on a type of the motor. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the motor is not at the thermal limit, determining whether the motor is within a threshold of the thermal limit; and responsive to determining that the motor is within the threshold of the thermal limit, initiating a soft fault. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a three-phase, brushless motor. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
subsequent to initiating the hard fault, waiting a motor stop lockout time before restarting the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether the motor is stopped; responsive to determining that the motor is stopped, determining a motor start lockout time based at least in part on information about the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether the motor is stalled; and responsive to determining that the motor is stalled, causing initiating the hard fault. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7, wherein the hard fault is initiated by a field-programmable gate array. 9. A system comprising:
a memory comprising computer readable instructions; and a processing device for executing the computer readable instructions, the computer readable instructions controlling the processing device to perform operations for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the operations comprising:
monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor;
determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor;
determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU; and
responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the expected TCU is based on a type of the motor. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
responsive to determining that the motor is not at the thermal limit, determining whether the motor is within a threshold of the thermal limit; and responsive to determining that the motor is within the threshold of the thermal limit, initiating a soft fault. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the motor is a three-phase, brushless motor. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
subsequent to initiating the hard fault, waiting a motor stop lockout time before restarting the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining whether the motor is stopped; responsive to determining that the motor is stopped, determining a motor start lockout time based at least in part on information about the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining whether the motor is stalled; and responsive to determining that the motor is stalled, causing initiating the hard fault. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein the hard fault is initiated by a field-programmable gate array. 17. A computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a processor to cause the processor to perform operations for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the operations comprising:
monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor; determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor; determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU; and responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the expected TCU is based on a type of the motor. 19. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
responsive to determining that the motor is not at the thermal limit, determining whether the motor is within a threshold of the thermal limit; and responsive to determining that the motor is within the threshold of the thermal limit, initiating a soft fault. 20. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the motor is a three-phase, brushless motor. | Examples described herein provide a computer-implemented method for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism. The method includes monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor. The method further includes determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor. The method further includes determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU. The method further includes responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault.1. A computer-implemented method for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the method comprising:
monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor; determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor; determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU; and responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault. 2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the expected TCU is based on a type of the motor. 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
responsive to determining that the motor is not at the thermal limit, determining whether the motor is within a threshold of the thermal limit; and responsive to determining that the motor is within the threshold of the thermal limit, initiating a soft fault. 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a three-phase, brushless motor. 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
subsequent to initiating the hard fault, waiting a motor stop lockout time before restarting the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether the motor is stopped; responsive to determining that the motor is stopped, determining a motor start lockout time based at least in part on information about the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether the motor is stalled; and responsive to determining that the motor is stalled, causing initiating the hard fault. 8. The computer-implemented method of claim 7, wherein the hard fault is initiated by a field-programmable gate array. 9. A system comprising:
a memory comprising computer readable instructions; and a processing device for executing the computer readable instructions, the computer readable instructions controlling the processing device to perform operations for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the operations comprising:
monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor;
determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor;
determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU; and
responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the expected TCU is based on a type of the motor. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
responsive to determining that the motor is not at the thermal limit, determining whether the motor is within a threshold of the thermal limit; and responsive to determining that the motor is within the threshold of the thermal limit, initiating a soft fault. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the motor is a three-phase, brushless motor. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
subsequent to initiating the hard fault, waiting a motor stop lockout time before restarting the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining whether the motor is stopped; responsive to determining that the motor is stopped, determining a motor start lockout time based at least in part on information about the motor; and subsequent to the motor start lockout time expiring, restarting the motor. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining whether the motor is stalled; and responsive to determining that the motor is stalled, causing initiating the hard fault. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein the hard fault is initiated by a field-programmable gate array. 17. A computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a processor to cause the processor to perform operations for thermal lockout for a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the operations comprising:
monitoring a motor current across a sense resistor of the motor; determining a present thermal capacity unit (TCU) at a time interval based on the motor current across the sense resistor; determining whether the motor is at a thermal limit by comparing the present TCU to an expected TCU; and responsive to determining that the motor is at the thermal limit, causing initiating a hard fault. 18. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the expected TCU is based on a type of the motor. 19. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
responsive to determining that the motor is not at the thermal limit, determining whether the motor is within a threshold of the thermal limit; and responsive to determining that the motor is within the threshold of the thermal limit, initiating a soft fault. 20. The computer program product of claim 17, wherein the motor is a three-phase, brushless motor. | 2,600 |
339,021 | 16,799,899 | 3,735 | A convertible cuboid box constructed from a printable and foldable blank that is engineered to be a container for a soft or flexible figure or doll and which converts in just two steps to be a scaled and proportioned armchair for storage, display of and play with same doll. | 1: A convertible cuboid container comprising:
a blank cut to form a base from which at least four walls extend, the at least four walls including a left side wall, a right side wall, a top end wall, and a bottom end wall; each of the left side wall and the right side wall including an outer section and an inner section that are connected to one another by side wall creased sections; each of the bottom end wall and the top end wall are connected to a left tab, a right tab, and an extension tab, each of the tabs connected to the respective end wall by end wall creased sections; wherein to form a closed cuboid the top end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, the bottom end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, and the top end wall and bottom end wall are folded upward along end wall creased sections, the left sidewall and right sidewall are folded upward along the sidewall creased sections and then the outer sections are folded over the inner sections of each of the left side wall and the right side wall along the side wall creased sections to form two sides of the closed cuboid and create apertures between the outer sections and the inner sections on both a front side and a back side of the closed cuboid, and the bottom end wall and the top end wall extend upward in a vertically oriented direction to form end walls of the closed cuboid, and either or both of the top end wall's extension tab and the bottom end wall's extension tab extend over a top of the closed cuboid to cover the closed cuboid; and wherein to form a sitting device the top end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, the bottom end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, the top end wall and bottom end wall are folded upward along the end wall creased sections, the left sidewall and right sidewall are folded upward along the side wall creased sections and the outer sections are folded over the inner sections of each of the left side wall and the right side wall along the respective side wall creased sections to form two sides of the sitting device and create apertures between the outer sections and the inner sections on both a front side and a back side of the sitting device, the top end wall's extension tab is extended upward to form a back of the sitting device and the bottom end wall's extension tab is folded inward to form a seat in the sitting device. 2: The convertible cuboid container of claim 1, wherein the top end wall's extension tab is connected to a closing wall that has a right locking tab and a left locking tab, and wherein the locking tabs fit in the apertures. 3: The convertible cuboid container of claim 2, wherein when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a closed cuboid the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from the front side of the closed cuboid and wherein when the convertible cube container is in the form of a sitting device the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from the back side of the sitting device. 4: The convertible cuboid container of claim 1, wherein the closing wall includes a perforated section that extends upward as an extended back when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device. 5: The convertible cuboid container of claim 1, wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab includes in upper segment and a lower segment and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's upper segment includes a perforated section that folds inward towards an inner portion of the convertible cuboid and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section includes two creased lines that allow the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section to be a spacer above the base. 6: The convertible cuboid container of claim 5, wherein the base and the at least four walls are sized to contain a toy when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a closed cuboid and to serve as a seat for the toy when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device. 7: The convertible cuboid container of claim 6, wherein the spacer is sized to store a toy accessory beneath the seat and wherein the seat is openable so as to allow access to the toy accessory. 8: A convertible cuboid container comprising:
a blank cut to form a base from which at least four walls extend, the at least four walls including a left side wall, a right side wall, a top end wall, and a bottom end wall; each of the left side wall and the right side wall including an outer section and an inner section that are connected to one another by side wall creased sections; each of the bottom end wall and the top end wall are connected to a left tab, a right tab, and an extension tab, each of the tabs connected to the respective end wall by end wall creased sections; wherein the top end wall's left tab and right tab are folded upward along the end wall creased sections, the bottom end wall's left tab and right tab are folded upward along the end wall creased sections, and the top end wall and bottom end wall are folded upward along end wall creased sections, the left sidewall and right sidewall are folded upward along the sidewall creased sections and the outer sections are folded over the inner sections of each of the left side wall and the right side wall along the side wall creased sections to form two sides of the convertible cuboid container cuboid and create apertures between the outer sections and the inner sections on both a front side and a back side of the convertible cuboid container, the bottom end wall and the top end wall extend upward in a vertically oriented direction to form end walls of the convertible cuboid container, and either or both of the top end wall's extension tab and the bottom end wall's extension tab extend over the top side walls and end walls to cover the convertible cuboid container; and wherein to convert the convertible cuboid container into a sitting device the top end wall's extension tab is extended upward to form a back of the sitting device and the bottom end wall's extension tab is folded inward to form a seat in the sitting device. 9: The convertible cuboid container of claim 8, wherein the top end wall's extension tab is connected to a closing wall that has a right locking tab and a left locking tab, each of the locking tabs sized and shaped to fit in the apertures; and
wherein when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a closed cuboid the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from a front side of the convertible cuboid container and wherein when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from a back side of the convertible cuboid container. 10: The convertible cuboid container of claim 9, wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab includes in upper segment and a lower segment and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's upper segment includes a perforated section that folds inward towards an inner portion of the convertible cuboid and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section includes two creased lines that allow the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section to be a spacer above the base such that the bottom end wall's extension tab is a seat of the sitting device. 11: The convertible cuboid container of claim 10, wherein the base and the at least four walls are sized to contain a toy when the convertible cuboid container is in a closed cuboid form and to be a seat for the toy when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device. 12: The convertible cuboid container of claim 11, wherein the spacer is sized to store a toy accessory beneath the seat and wherein the seat portion is openable so as to allow access to the toy accessory. | A convertible cuboid box constructed from a printable and foldable blank that is engineered to be a container for a soft or flexible figure or doll and which converts in just two steps to be a scaled and proportioned armchair for storage, display of and play with same doll.1: A convertible cuboid container comprising:
a blank cut to form a base from which at least four walls extend, the at least four walls including a left side wall, a right side wall, a top end wall, and a bottom end wall; each of the left side wall and the right side wall including an outer section and an inner section that are connected to one another by side wall creased sections; each of the bottom end wall and the top end wall are connected to a left tab, a right tab, and an extension tab, each of the tabs connected to the respective end wall by end wall creased sections; wherein to form a closed cuboid the top end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, the bottom end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, and the top end wall and bottom end wall are folded upward along end wall creased sections, the left sidewall and right sidewall are folded upward along the sidewall creased sections and then the outer sections are folded over the inner sections of each of the left side wall and the right side wall along the side wall creased sections to form two sides of the closed cuboid and create apertures between the outer sections and the inner sections on both a front side and a back side of the closed cuboid, and the bottom end wall and the top end wall extend upward in a vertically oriented direction to form end walls of the closed cuboid, and either or both of the top end wall's extension tab and the bottom end wall's extension tab extend over a top of the closed cuboid to cover the closed cuboid; and wherein to form a sitting device the top end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, the bottom end wall's left tab and right tab are folded inward along the end wall creased sections, the top end wall and bottom end wall are folded upward along the end wall creased sections, the left sidewall and right sidewall are folded upward along the side wall creased sections and the outer sections are folded over the inner sections of each of the left side wall and the right side wall along the respective side wall creased sections to form two sides of the sitting device and create apertures between the outer sections and the inner sections on both a front side and a back side of the sitting device, the top end wall's extension tab is extended upward to form a back of the sitting device and the bottom end wall's extension tab is folded inward to form a seat in the sitting device. 2: The convertible cuboid container of claim 1, wherein the top end wall's extension tab is connected to a closing wall that has a right locking tab and a left locking tab, and wherein the locking tabs fit in the apertures. 3: The convertible cuboid container of claim 2, wherein when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a closed cuboid the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from the front side of the closed cuboid and wherein when the convertible cube container is in the form of a sitting device the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from the back side of the sitting device. 4: The convertible cuboid container of claim 1, wherein the closing wall includes a perforated section that extends upward as an extended back when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device. 5: The convertible cuboid container of claim 1, wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab includes in upper segment and a lower segment and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's upper segment includes a perforated section that folds inward towards an inner portion of the convertible cuboid and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section includes two creased lines that allow the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section to be a spacer above the base. 6: The convertible cuboid container of claim 5, wherein the base and the at least four walls are sized to contain a toy when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a closed cuboid and to serve as a seat for the toy when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device. 7: The convertible cuboid container of claim 6, wherein the spacer is sized to store a toy accessory beneath the seat and wherein the seat is openable so as to allow access to the toy accessory. 8: A convertible cuboid container comprising:
a blank cut to form a base from which at least four walls extend, the at least four walls including a left side wall, a right side wall, a top end wall, and a bottom end wall; each of the left side wall and the right side wall including an outer section and an inner section that are connected to one another by side wall creased sections; each of the bottom end wall and the top end wall are connected to a left tab, a right tab, and an extension tab, each of the tabs connected to the respective end wall by end wall creased sections; wherein the top end wall's left tab and right tab are folded upward along the end wall creased sections, the bottom end wall's left tab and right tab are folded upward along the end wall creased sections, and the top end wall and bottom end wall are folded upward along end wall creased sections, the left sidewall and right sidewall are folded upward along the sidewall creased sections and the outer sections are folded over the inner sections of each of the left side wall and the right side wall along the side wall creased sections to form two sides of the convertible cuboid container cuboid and create apertures between the outer sections and the inner sections on both a front side and a back side of the convertible cuboid container, the bottom end wall and the top end wall extend upward in a vertically oriented direction to form end walls of the convertible cuboid container, and either or both of the top end wall's extension tab and the bottom end wall's extension tab extend over the top side walls and end walls to cover the convertible cuboid container; and wherein to convert the convertible cuboid container into a sitting device the top end wall's extension tab is extended upward to form a back of the sitting device and the bottom end wall's extension tab is folded inward to form a seat in the sitting device. 9: The convertible cuboid container of claim 8, wherein the top end wall's extension tab is connected to a closing wall that has a right locking tab and a left locking tab, each of the locking tabs sized and shaped to fit in the apertures; and
wherein when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a closed cuboid the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from a front side of the convertible cuboid container and wherein when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device the locking tabs are inserted into the apertures from a back side of the convertible cuboid container. 10: The convertible cuboid container of claim 9, wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab includes in upper segment and a lower segment and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's upper segment includes a perforated section that folds inward towards an inner portion of the convertible cuboid and wherein the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section includes two creased lines that allow the bottom end wall's extension tab's lower section to be a spacer above the base such that the bottom end wall's extension tab is a seat of the sitting device. 11: The convertible cuboid container of claim 10, wherein the base and the at least four walls are sized to contain a toy when the convertible cuboid container is in a closed cuboid form and to be a seat for the toy when the convertible cuboid container is in the form of a sitting device. 12: The convertible cuboid container of claim 11, wherein the spacer is sized to store a toy accessory beneath the seat and wherein the seat portion is openable so as to allow access to the toy accessory. | 3,700 |
339,022 | 16,799,896 | 3,735 | An aircraft landing gear control system 1000 configured to be operably connected to one or more landing gear systems 30, 40 of an aircraft. The aircraft landing gear control system includes a controller 20 configured to: send at least one output for initiating operation of the one or more landing gear systems; determine whether at least one landing gear system of the one or more landing gear systems has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output; and determine at least one remedial action to be taken, when the controller determines that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly. | 1. An aircraft landing gear control system configured to be operably connected to one or more landing gear systems of an aircraft, the aircraft landing gear control system comprising a controller that is configured to:
send at least one output for initiating operation of the one or more landing gear systems; determine whether at least one landing gear system of the one or more landing gear systems has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output; and determine at least one remedial action to be taken when the controller determines that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly. 2. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine one or more reasons for the at least one landing gear system to have failed to operate correctly; and determine the at least one remedial action to be taken, on the basis of the one or more reasons. 3. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine the one or more reasons by a process comprising interrogating avionics of the aircraft. 4. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine the one or more reasons by a process comprising interrogating one or more sensors of the aircraft. 5. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
cause identification of the at least one remedial action to be output at a cockpit of the aircraft. 6. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
cause initiation of the at least one remedial action. 7. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
cause initiation of the at least one remedial action automatically, on the basis of the determination of the at least one remedial action to be taken. 8. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, and further comprising:
a user interface operable by a user to manually input a request to perform the at least one remedial action; wherein the controller is communicatively coupled to the user interface and is configured to:
receive, from the user interface, a signal indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the request to perform the at least one remedial action; and
cause initiation of the at least remedial action, on the basis of the signal. 9. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
send the at least one output for initiating operation of the one or more landing gear systems according to a first procedure; and determine at least one remedial action to be taken that comprises sending at least one output for initiating operation of the at least one landing gear system according to a second procedure different to the first procedure. 10. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 9, wherein the second procedure comprises one or more of:
operating at least a portion of the at least one landing gear system under the influence of gravity alone; operating the at least one landing gear system using avionics that are different to avionics used to operate the at least one landing gear system according to the first procedure; and actuating the at least one landing gear system using mechanics that are different to mechanics used to actuate the at least one landing gear system according to the first procedure. 11. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one remedial action to be taken comprises one or more of:
determining a flight plan; executing an aircraft manoeuvre; reattempting operation of the at least one landing gear system; and taking one or more actions to counteract asymmetry or pitching of the aircraft. 12. A method of controlling one or more landing gear systems of an aircraft using a controller of the aircraft, the method comprising the controller:
the controller issuing at least one output for causing operation of the one or more landing gear systems; the controller determining whether at least one of the one or more landing gear systems has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output; and the controller determining at least one remedial action to be taken, when the controller determines that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output. 13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller receiving signals from one or more sensors of the aircraft; and the controller determining that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly on the basis of the one or more signals. 14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller determining a period of time that has elapsed, since the controller issued the at least one output, without the controller receiving an indication that the at least one landing gear system has operated correctly; and the controller determining that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly on the basis of the period of time determined. 15. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller determining that the one or more landing gear systems are to be operated on the basis of one or more inputs received at the controller from one or more sensors. 16. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller receiving from a user interface an input indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input a landing gear system operation request; and the controller determining that the one or more landing gear systems are to be operated on the basis of the input. 17. The method according to claim 12, wherein the operation of the one or more landing gear systems comprises extension of the one or more landing gears or retraction of the one or more landing gears. 18. A controller for an aircraft landing gear control system, wherein the controller is configured to:
perform one or more actions for initiating actuation of a landing gear system; and then determine one or more processes to be initiated, when the controller determines that the landing gear system has failed to actuate correctly as a result of the one or more actions having been performed. | An aircraft landing gear control system 1000 configured to be operably connected to one or more landing gear systems 30, 40 of an aircraft. The aircraft landing gear control system includes a controller 20 configured to: send at least one output for initiating operation of the one or more landing gear systems; determine whether at least one landing gear system of the one or more landing gear systems has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output; and determine at least one remedial action to be taken, when the controller determines that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly.1. An aircraft landing gear control system configured to be operably connected to one or more landing gear systems of an aircraft, the aircraft landing gear control system comprising a controller that is configured to:
send at least one output for initiating operation of the one or more landing gear systems; determine whether at least one landing gear system of the one or more landing gear systems has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output; and determine at least one remedial action to be taken when the controller determines that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly. 2. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine one or more reasons for the at least one landing gear system to have failed to operate correctly; and determine the at least one remedial action to be taken, on the basis of the one or more reasons. 3. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine the one or more reasons by a process comprising interrogating avionics of the aircraft. 4. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to:
determine the one or more reasons by a process comprising interrogating one or more sensors of the aircraft. 5. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
cause identification of the at least one remedial action to be output at a cockpit of the aircraft. 6. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
cause initiation of the at least one remedial action. 7. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
cause initiation of the at least one remedial action automatically, on the basis of the determination of the at least one remedial action to be taken. 8. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, and further comprising:
a user interface operable by a user to manually input a request to perform the at least one remedial action; wherein the controller is communicatively coupled to the user interface and is configured to:
receive, from the user interface, a signal indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the request to perform the at least one remedial action; and
cause initiation of the at least remedial action, on the basis of the signal. 9. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
send the at least one output for initiating operation of the one or more landing gear systems according to a first procedure; and determine at least one remedial action to be taken that comprises sending at least one output for initiating operation of the at least one landing gear system according to a second procedure different to the first procedure. 10. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 9, wherein the second procedure comprises one or more of:
operating at least a portion of the at least one landing gear system under the influence of gravity alone; operating the at least one landing gear system using avionics that are different to avionics used to operate the at least one landing gear system according to the first procedure; and actuating the at least one landing gear system using mechanics that are different to mechanics used to actuate the at least one landing gear system according to the first procedure. 11. The aircraft landing gear control system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one remedial action to be taken comprises one or more of:
determining a flight plan; executing an aircraft manoeuvre; reattempting operation of the at least one landing gear system; and taking one or more actions to counteract asymmetry or pitching of the aircraft. 12. A method of controlling one or more landing gear systems of an aircraft using a controller of the aircraft, the method comprising the controller:
the controller issuing at least one output for causing operation of the one or more landing gear systems; the controller determining whether at least one of the one or more landing gear systems has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output; and the controller determining at least one remedial action to be taken, when the controller determines that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly in response to the at least one output. 13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller receiving signals from one or more sensors of the aircraft; and the controller determining that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly on the basis of the one or more signals. 14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller determining a period of time that has elapsed, since the controller issued the at least one output, without the controller receiving an indication that the at least one landing gear system has operated correctly; and the controller determining that the at least one landing gear system has failed to operate correctly on the basis of the period of time determined. 15. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller determining that the one or more landing gear systems are to be operated on the basis of one or more inputs received at the controller from one or more sensors. 16. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:
the controller receiving from a user interface an input indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input a landing gear system operation request; and the controller determining that the one or more landing gear systems are to be operated on the basis of the input. 17. The method according to claim 12, wherein the operation of the one or more landing gear systems comprises extension of the one or more landing gears or retraction of the one or more landing gears. 18. A controller for an aircraft landing gear control system, wherein the controller is configured to:
perform one or more actions for initiating actuation of a landing gear system; and then determine one or more processes to be initiated, when the controller determines that the landing gear system has failed to actuate correctly as a result of the one or more actions having been performed. | 3,700 |
339,023 | 16,799,916 | 3,735 | A coil spring includes a wire shaped to be helical, and is compressed between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat. The coil spring includes an upper portion and a lower portion. A positive pitch winding end portion is formed on the upper portion of the coil spring. A terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is formed at a distal end of the winding end portion. The terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is in contact with the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis. On the lower portion of the coil spring, an end turn portion which contacts the lower spring seat is formed. | 1. A suspension coil spring which is formed of a helically wound wire, and which is compressed by a compressive load between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat, the suspension coil spring comprising:
a winding end portion of a positive pitch provided at an upper portion of the wire; a terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion provided at a distal end of the winding end portion, the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion contacting the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis; and an end turn portion provided at a lower portion of the wire, the end turn portion comprising:
a first portion which is a non-effective turn portion, has a predetermined length from a lower end of the wire, is arranged at a position deviated to an outer side of the vehicle opposite to a side that the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is provided, and is always in contact with the lower spring seat irrespective of magnitude of the compressive load; and
a second portion which is separated from the lower spring seat when the compressive load is small, and contacts the lower spring seat when the compressive load is large,
wherein a force line position of the coil spring which is a center line of a repulsive load of the coil spring is inclined in a direction along a line of action of force input of the compressive load at an angle with respect to the coil central axis in a state where the coil spring is compressed by the compressive load. 2. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, wherein the winding end portion has a pitch angle which allows a region extending to 0.4 turns from a distal end of the wire to contact the upper spring seat in a state where a load is applied. 3. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, further comprising a protection tip provided on the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion, wherein the protection tip comes into contact with the upper spring seat, and the upper spring seat comprises a receiving portion. | A coil spring includes a wire shaped to be helical, and is compressed between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat. The coil spring includes an upper portion and a lower portion. A positive pitch winding end portion is formed on the upper portion of the coil spring. A terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is formed at a distal end of the winding end portion. The terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is in contact with the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis. On the lower portion of the coil spring, an end turn portion which contacts the lower spring seat is formed.1. A suspension coil spring which is formed of a helically wound wire, and which is compressed by a compressive load between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat, the suspension coil spring comprising:
a winding end portion of a positive pitch provided at an upper portion of the wire; a terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion provided at a distal end of the winding end portion, the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion contacting the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis; and an end turn portion provided at a lower portion of the wire, the end turn portion comprising:
a first portion which is a non-effective turn portion, has a predetermined length from a lower end of the wire, is arranged at a position deviated to an outer side of the vehicle opposite to a side that the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is provided, and is always in contact with the lower spring seat irrespective of magnitude of the compressive load; and
a second portion which is separated from the lower spring seat when the compressive load is small, and contacts the lower spring seat when the compressive load is large,
wherein a force line position of the coil spring which is a center line of a repulsive load of the coil spring is inclined in a direction along a line of action of force input of the compressive load at an angle with respect to the coil central axis in a state where the coil spring is compressed by the compressive load. 2. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, wherein the winding end portion has a pitch angle which allows a region extending to 0.4 turns from a distal end of the wire to contact the upper spring seat in a state where a load is applied. 3. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, further comprising a protection tip provided on the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion, wherein the protection tip comes into contact with the upper spring seat, and the upper spring seat comprises a receiving portion. | 3,700 |
339,024 | 16,799,909 | 3,735 | A coil spring includes a wire shaped to be helical, and is compressed between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat. The coil spring includes an upper portion and a lower portion. A positive pitch winding end portion is formed on the upper portion of the coil spring. A terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is formed at a distal end of the winding end portion. The terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is in contact with the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis. On the lower portion of the coil spring, an end turn portion which contacts the lower spring seat is formed. | 1. A suspension coil spring which is formed of a helically wound wire, and which is compressed by a compressive load between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat, the suspension coil spring comprising:
a winding end portion of a positive pitch provided at an upper portion of the wire; a terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion provided at a distal end of the winding end portion, the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion contacting the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis; and an end turn portion provided at a lower portion of the wire, the end turn portion comprising:
a first portion which is a non-effective turn portion, has a predetermined length from a lower end of the wire, is arranged at a position deviated to an outer side of the vehicle opposite to a side that the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is provided, and is always in contact with the lower spring seat irrespective of magnitude of the compressive load; and
a second portion which is separated from the lower spring seat when the compressive load is small, and contacts the lower spring seat when the compressive load is large,
wherein a force line position of the coil spring which is a center line of a repulsive load of the coil spring is inclined in a direction along a line of action of force input of the compressive load at an angle with respect to the coil central axis in a state where the coil spring is compressed by the compressive load. 2. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, wherein the winding end portion has a pitch angle which allows a region extending to 0.4 turns from a distal end of the wire to contact the upper spring seat in a state where a load is applied. 3. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, further comprising a protection tip provided on the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion, wherein the protection tip comes into contact with the upper spring seat, and the upper spring seat comprises a receiving portion. | A coil spring includes a wire shaped to be helical, and is compressed between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat. The coil spring includes an upper portion and a lower portion. A positive pitch winding end portion is formed on the upper portion of the coil spring. A terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is formed at a distal end of the winding end portion. The terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is in contact with the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis. On the lower portion of the coil spring, an end turn portion which contacts the lower spring seat is formed.1. A suspension coil spring which is formed of a helically wound wire, and which is compressed by a compressive load between an upper spring seat and a lower spring seat, the suspension coil spring comprising:
a winding end portion of a positive pitch provided at an upper portion of the wire; a terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion provided at a distal end of the winding end portion, the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion contacting the upper spring seat at one point at a position deviated to an inner side of a vehicle with respect to a coil central axis; and an end turn portion provided at a lower portion of the wire, the end turn portion comprising:
a first portion which is a non-effective turn portion, has a predetermined length from a lower end of the wire, is arranged at a position deviated to an outer side of the vehicle opposite to a side that the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion is provided, and is always in contact with the lower spring seat irrespective of magnitude of the compressive load; and
a second portion which is separated from the lower spring seat when the compressive load is small, and contacts the lower spring seat when the compressive load is large,
wherein a force line position of the coil spring which is a center line of a repulsive load of the coil spring is inclined in a direction along a line of action of force input of the compressive load at an angle with respect to the coil central axis in a state where the coil spring is compressed by the compressive load. 2. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, wherein the winding end portion has a pitch angle which allows a region extending to 0.4 turns from a distal end of the wire to contact the upper spring seat in a state where a load is applied. 3. The suspension coil spring of claim 1, further comprising a protection tip provided on the terminal-point-strong-abutting-portion, wherein the protection tip comes into contact with the upper spring seat, and the upper spring seat comprises a receiving portion. | 3,700 |
339,025 | 16,799,911 | 3,735 | A method for controlling a drive system and a braking system of a motor vehicle uses a motor vehicle control system with a controller component to which a control element that can be actuated by a driver is attached. Further, a sensor is provided which detects the position of the control element, and a control circuit, which receives a signal from the sensor and can convert this into an activation signal for a drive system and for a braking system of a motor vehicle. A starting position of the control element is assigned a braking signal. A first position following the starting position is assigned a neutral signal. A second position following the first position is assigned a drive signal. | 1. A motor vehicle control system with a controller component to which a control element that can be actuated by a driver is attached, a sensor which detects the position of the control element, and a control circuit which receives a signal from the sensor and can convert this into an activation signal for a drive system and into an activation signal for a braking system of a motor vehicle, wherein a starting position of the control element is assigned a braking signal, a first position following the starting position is assigned a neutral signal and a second position following the first position is assigned a drive signal. 2. The motor vehicle control system of claim 1 wherein the controller component is a joystick which is connected to a sensor for controlling the driving direction. 3. The motor vehicle control system of claim 1 wherein the control element is a button which is attached to the controller component in a translationally and/or rotationally adjustable manner. 4. A method for controlling the drive system and the braking system of a motor vehicle by means of the following steps:
a) a sensor requests the position of a control element, b) if the control element is in a starting position, a control circuit which is connected to the sensor generates a braking signal, c) if the control element is in a neutral position beyond the starting position, a control circuit generates a neutral signal, d) if the control element is in a drive position beyond the neutral position, the control circuit generates a drive signal. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the braking position comprises an adjustment travel of the control element, over which the braking signal returns from a maximum braking action to a braking action of 0% at the transition to the neutral position. 6. The method of claim 4 wherein the neutral position extends over an adjustment travel different from zero. 7. The method of claim 4 wherein the drive position extends over an adjustment travel different from zero over which the driving action rises from 0% at the transition between neutral position and drive position to the maximum driving action in the case of maximum adjustment of the control element. 8. The method of claim 4 wherein the drive signal changes proportionally with the adjustment travel of the control element. 9. The method of claim 4 wherein the drive signal changes non-proportionally over the adjustment travel of the control element. 10. The method of claim 4 wherein the braking signal changes proportionally with the adjustment travel of the control element. 11. The method of claim 4 wherein the braking signal changes non-proportionally over the adjustment travel of the control element. 12. The method of claim 4 wherein the conversion of an adjustment of the control element into a braking or drive signal is different depending on the driving condition of the motor vehicle. | A method for controlling a drive system and a braking system of a motor vehicle uses a motor vehicle control system with a controller component to which a control element that can be actuated by a driver is attached. Further, a sensor is provided which detects the position of the control element, and a control circuit, which receives a signal from the sensor and can convert this into an activation signal for a drive system and for a braking system of a motor vehicle. A starting position of the control element is assigned a braking signal. A first position following the starting position is assigned a neutral signal. A second position following the first position is assigned a drive signal.1. A motor vehicle control system with a controller component to which a control element that can be actuated by a driver is attached, a sensor which detects the position of the control element, and a control circuit which receives a signal from the sensor and can convert this into an activation signal for a drive system and into an activation signal for a braking system of a motor vehicle, wherein a starting position of the control element is assigned a braking signal, a first position following the starting position is assigned a neutral signal and a second position following the first position is assigned a drive signal. 2. The motor vehicle control system of claim 1 wherein the controller component is a joystick which is connected to a sensor for controlling the driving direction. 3. The motor vehicle control system of claim 1 wherein the control element is a button which is attached to the controller component in a translationally and/or rotationally adjustable manner. 4. A method for controlling the drive system and the braking system of a motor vehicle by means of the following steps:
a) a sensor requests the position of a control element, b) if the control element is in a starting position, a control circuit which is connected to the sensor generates a braking signal, c) if the control element is in a neutral position beyond the starting position, a control circuit generates a neutral signal, d) if the control element is in a drive position beyond the neutral position, the control circuit generates a drive signal. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the braking position comprises an adjustment travel of the control element, over which the braking signal returns from a maximum braking action to a braking action of 0% at the transition to the neutral position. 6. The method of claim 4 wherein the neutral position extends over an adjustment travel different from zero. 7. The method of claim 4 wherein the drive position extends over an adjustment travel different from zero over which the driving action rises from 0% at the transition between neutral position and drive position to the maximum driving action in the case of maximum adjustment of the control element. 8. The method of claim 4 wherein the drive signal changes proportionally with the adjustment travel of the control element. 9. The method of claim 4 wherein the drive signal changes non-proportionally over the adjustment travel of the control element. 10. The method of claim 4 wherein the braking signal changes proportionally with the adjustment travel of the control element. 11. The method of claim 4 wherein the braking signal changes non-proportionally over the adjustment travel of the control element. 12. The method of claim 4 wherein the conversion of an adjustment of the control element into a braking or drive signal is different depending on the driving condition of the motor vehicle. | 3,700 |
339,026 | 16,799,904 | 3,735 | A landing gear system 100 for an aircraft including: a landing gear 130 that is movable between an extended position and a retracted position, the landing gear includes an extendible strut 136; a position sensor 140 configured to detect a position of a part of the extendible strut and output a signal indicative of the position; and a landing gear controller 150 that is communicably connected to the position sensor and is configured, in use, to: receive the signal from the position sensor; and, on the basis of the signal, determine that the strut has extended and the landing gear is in contact with the ground and automatically cause performance of at least a portion of a procedure to move the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position | 1. A landing gear system for an aircraft, the landing gear system comprising:
a landing gear including an extendible strut and the landing gear is movable between an extended position and a retracted position; a position sensor configured to detect a position of a part of the extendible strut and output a signal indicative of the position; and a landing gear controller communicably connected to the position sensor and configured to:
receive a signal from the position sensor; and,
on the basis of the signal, determine that the strut has extended and the landing gear is in contact with the ground and automatically cause performance of at least a portion of a procedure to move the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position. 2. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller makes the determination the strut has extended and the landing gear is in contact with the ground and automatically cause the performance, on the basis of a combination of the signal and at least one further criterion. 3. The landing gear system according to claim 2, wherein the at least one further criterion comprises the signal having been received at the landing gear controller for greater than a predetermined time period. 4. The landing gear system according to claim 2, wherein the at least one further criterion comprises a pitch angle of a bogie of the landing gear. 5. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the position sensor is configured to detect the position of the part of the extendible strut when the extendible strut has a predetermined length that is less than a maximum length to which the strut is extendible. 6. The landing gear system according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined length is at least 50% of the maximum length. 7. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the position sensor is configured to detect the position of the part of the extendible strut when the extendible strut has a predetermined length equaling a maximum length to which the strut is extendible. 8. The landing gear system according to claim 1, further comprising one or more landing gear bay door actuators configured to move a landing gear bay door from a closed position towards an open position to permit movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position;
wherein the at least a portion of the procedure to move the landing gear includes the one or more landing gear bay door actuators moving the landing gear bay door from the closed position towards the open position. 9. The landing gear system according to claim 1, further comprising one or more landing gear actuators configured to move the landing gear from the extended position towards the retracted position;
wherein the portion of the procedure to move the landing gear comprises the one or more landing gear actuators moving the landing gear from the extended position towards the retracted position. 10. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to:
receive an input indicative of an event; and automatically cause performance of a preliminary portion of the procedure based on the input, before causing the performance of the at least a portion of the procedure. 11. The landing gear system according to claim 10, wherein the input is indicative of at least one of: braking force being less than a predetermined braking force, thrust being greater than a predetermined thrust, aircraft groundspeed being greater than a predetermined groundspeed, change in length of the extendible strut, a command from a cockpit flight control, and aircraft geographical position. 12. The landing gear system according to claim 10, wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises one or more avionics processes and/or one or more mechanical processes. 13. The landing gear system according to claim 10, wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises an avionics side change over. 14. The landing gear system according to claim 10, comprising one or more landing gear bay door locks to retain the landing gear bay door in the closed position when the landing gear bay door lock is locked;
wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises unlocking the, or each, landing gear bay door lock to permit movement of the landing gear bay door to the open position. 15. The landing gear system according to claim 14, wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises actuating one or more landing gear bay door actuators to move the landing gear bay door further from the open position before the unlocking of the, or each, landing gear bay door lock, thereby to facilitate unlocking of the, or each, landing gear bay door lock. 16. The landing gear system according to claim 10, further comprising an isolator for isolating part of the landing gear system from a power supply;
wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises operation of the isolator to enable power to be supplied to the part of the landing gear system. 17. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the strut includes a shock absorber configured to support the aircraft when the aircraft is on the ground, and wherein the part of the extendible strut is a part of the shock absorber. 18. A method of controlling a landing gear system of an aircraft using a landing gear controller of the aircraft, the method comprising the landing gear controller:
receiving a signal from a position sensor, wherein the signal is indicative of a position of a part of an extendible strut of a landing gear, the landing gear is movable between an extended position and a retracted position, and the receiving of the signal occurs when the aircraft or the landing gear is in contact with the ground; and automatically causing performance of at least a portion of a procedure for causing movement of the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position, on the basis of the signal. 19. A landing gear system for an aircraft, the landing gear system comprising:
a retractable landing gear having a shock absorber that is configured to support the aircraft when the aircraft is on the ground; a sensor configured to directly detect a characteristic of the shock absorber and output an indication of the characteristic; and a landing gear controller that is communicably connected to the sensor and is configured, in use, to receive the indication and, on the basis of the indication, to automatically cause performance of at least a portion of a procedure for retracting the landing gear. | A landing gear system 100 for an aircraft including: a landing gear 130 that is movable between an extended position and a retracted position, the landing gear includes an extendible strut 136; a position sensor 140 configured to detect a position of a part of the extendible strut and output a signal indicative of the position; and a landing gear controller 150 that is communicably connected to the position sensor and is configured, in use, to: receive the signal from the position sensor; and, on the basis of the signal, determine that the strut has extended and the landing gear is in contact with the ground and automatically cause performance of at least a portion of a procedure to move the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position1. A landing gear system for an aircraft, the landing gear system comprising:
a landing gear including an extendible strut and the landing gear is movable between an extended position and a retracted position; a position sensor configured to detect a position of a part of the extendible strut and output a signal indicative of the position; and a landing gear controller communicably connected to the position sensor and configured to:
receive a signal from the position sensor; and,
on the basis of the signal, determine that the strut has extended and the landing gear is in contact with the ground and automatically cause performance of at least a portion of a procedure to move the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position. 2. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller makes the determination the strut has extended and the landing gear is in contact with the ground and automatically cause the performance, on the basis of a combination of the signal and at least one further criterion. 3. The landing gear system according to claim 2, wherein the at least one further criterion comprises the signal having been received at the landing gear controller for greater than a predetermined time period. 4. The landing gear system according to claim 2, wherein the at least one further criterion comprises a pitch angle of a bogie of the landing gear. 5. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the position sensor is configured to detect the position of the part of the extendible strut when the extendible strut has a predetermined length that is less than a maximum length to which the strut is extendible. 6. The landing gear system according to claim 5, wherein the predetermined length is at least 50% of the maximum length. 7. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the position sensor is configured to detect the position of the part of the extendible strut when the extendible strut has a predetermined length equaling a maximum length to which the strut is extendible. 8. The landing gear system according to claim 1, further comprising one or more landing gear bay door actuators configured to move a landing gear bay door from a closed position towards an open position to permit movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position;
wherein the at least a portion of the procedure to move the landing gear includes the one or more landing gear bay door actuators moving the landing gear bay door from the closed position towards the open position. 9. The landing gear system according to claim 1, further comprising one or more landing gear actuators configured to move the landing gear from the extended position towards the retracted position;
wherein the portion of the procedure to move the landing gear comprises the one or more landing gear actuators moving the landing gear from the extended position towards the retracted position. 10. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to:
receive an input indicative of an event; and automatically cause performance of a preliminary portion of the procedure based on the input, before causing the performance of the at least a portion of the procedure. 11. The landing gear system according to claim 10, wherein the input is indicative of at least one of: braking force being less than a predetermined braking force, thrust being greater than a predetermined thrust, aircraft groundspeed being greater than a predetermined groundspeed, change in length of the extendible strut, a command from a cockpit flight control, and aircraft geographical position. 12. The landing gear system according to claim 10, wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises one or more avionics processes and/or one or more mechanical processes. 13. The landing gear system according to claim 10, wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises an avionics side change over. 14. The landing gear system according to claim 10, comprising one or more landing gear bay door locks to retain the landing gear bay door in the closed position when the landing gear bay door lock is locked;
wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises unlocking the, or each, landing gear bay door lock to permit movement of the landing gear bay door to the open position. 15. The landing gear system according to claim 14, wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises actuating one or more landing gear bay door actuators to move the landing gear bay door further from the open position before the unlocking of the, or each, landing gear bay door lock, thereby to facilitate unlocking of the, or each, landing gear bay door lock. 16. The landing gear system according to claim 10, further comprising an isolator for isolating part of the landing gear system from a power supply;
wherein the preliminary portion of the procedure comprises operation of the isolator to enable power to be supplied to the part of the landing gear system. 17. The landing gear system according to claim 1, wherein the strut includes a shock absorber configured to support the aircraft when the aircraft is on the ground, and wherein the part of the extendible strut is a part of the shock absorber. 18. A method of controlling a landing gear system of an aircraft using a landing gear controller of the aircraft, the method comprising the landing gear controller:
receiving a signal from a position sensor, wherein the signal is indicative of a position of a part of an extendible strut of a landing gear, the landing gear is movable between an extended position and a retracted position, and the receiving of the signal occurs when the aircraft or the landing gear is in contact with the ground; and automatically causing performance of at least a portion of a procedure for causing movement of the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position, on the basis of the signal. 19. A landing gear system for an aircraft, the landing gear system comprising:
a retractable landing gear having a shock absorber that is configured to support the aircraft when the aircraft is on the ground; a sensor configured to directly detect a characteristic of the shock absorber and output an indication of the characteristic; and a landing gear controller that is communicably connected to the sensor and is configured, in use, to receive the indication and, on the basis of the indication, to automatically cause performance of at least a portion of a procedure for retracting the landing gear. | 3,700 |
339,027 | 16,799,895 | 3,735 | Examples described herein provide a method for direction control of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism. The method includes providing, by a field-effect transducer (FET) driver, a first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a first relay and to a normally closed contact of a second relay. The first voltage causes a shaft of the motor to turn in a first direction. The method further includes providing, by the FET driver, a second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the first relay and to a normally open contact of the second relay. The second voltage causes the shaft of the motor to turn in a second direction opposite the first direction. | 1. A method for direction control of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the method comprising:
providing, by a field-effect transducer (FET) driver, a first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a first relay and to a normally closed contact of a second relay, the first voltage causing a shaft of the motor to turn in a first direction; and providing, by the FET driver, a second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the first relay and to a normally open contact of the second relay, the second voltage causing the shaft of the motor to turn in a second direction opposite the first direction. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the FET driver receives a low input signal and a high input signal from a three-phase inverter of a controller associated with the motor of the gate crossing mechanism. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a three-phase motor, and wherein the FET driver, the first relay, and the second relay are associated with one phase of the three-phase motor. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first relay or the second relay is an electromechanical relay. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first relay or the second relay is a solid-state relay. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 7. A gate crossing mechanism comprising:
a motor having a first phase, a second phase, and a third phase; a first relay circuit associated with the first phase, the first relay circuit selectively providing, by a first field-effect transducer (FET) driver,
a first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a first relay and to a normally closed contact of a second relay or
a second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the first relay and to a normally open contact of the second relay;
a second relay circuit associated with the second phase, the second relay circuit selectively providing, by a second FET driver,
the first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a third relay and to a normally closed contact of a fourth relay or
the second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the third relay and to a normally open contact of the fourth relay; and
a third relay circuit associated with the third phase, the third relay circuit selectively providing, by a third FET driver,
the first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a fifth relay and to a normally closed contact of a sixth relay or
the second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the fifth relay and to a normally open contact of the sixth relay. 8. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein the first voltage causes a shaft of the motor to turn in a first direction. 9. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein the second voltage causes the shaft of the motor to turn in a second direction. 10. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 11. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein at least one of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, the fifth relay, or the sixth relay is an electromechanical relay. 12. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein at least one of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, the fifth relay, or the sixth relay is a solid-state relay. 13. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, further comprising:
a controller comprising a three-phase inverter. 14. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 13, wherein the first FET driver, the second FET driver, and the third FET driver receive a low input signal and a high input signal from the three-phase inverter of the controller. 15. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 13, wherein the controller further comprises:
a processor; a field-programmable gate array; a signal isolator; a charge pump; and a battery. | Examples described herein provide a method for direction control of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism. The method includes providing, by a field-effect transducer (FET) driver, a first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a first relay and to a normally closed contact of a second relay. The first voltage causes a shaft of the motor to turn in a first direction. The method further includes providing, by the FET driver, a second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the first relay and to a normally open contact of the second relay. The second voltage causes the shaft of the motor to turn in a second direction opposite the first direction.1. A method for direction control of a motor of a gate crossing mechanism, the method comprising:
providing, by a field-effect transducer (FET) driver, a first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a first relay and to a normally closed contact of a second relay, the first voltage causing a shaft of the motor to turn in a first direction; and providing, by the FET driver, a second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the first relay and to a normally open contact of the second relay, the second voltage causing the shaft of the motor to turn in a second direction opposite the first direction. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the FET driver receives a low input signal and a high input signal from a three-phase inverter of a controller associated with the motor of the gate crossing mechanism. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a three-phase motor, and wherein the FET driver, the first relay, and the second relay are associated with one phase of the three-phase motor. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first relay or the second relay is an electromechanical relay. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first relay or the second relay is a solid-state relay. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 7. A gate crossing mechanism comprising:
a motor having a first phase, a second phase, and a third phase; a first relay circuit associated with the first phase, the first relay circuit selectively providing, by a first field-effect transducer (FET) driver,
a first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a first relay and to a normally closed contact of a second relay or
a second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the first relay and to a normally open contact of the second relay;
a second relay circuit associated with the second phase, the second relay circuit selectively providing, by a second FET driver,
the first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a third relay and to a normally closed contact of a fourth relay or
the second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the third relay and to a normally open contact of the fourth relay; and
a third relay circuit associated with the third phase, the third relay circuit selectively providing, by a third FET driver,
the first voltage via a high output to a normally open contact of a fifth relay and to a normally closed contact of a sixth relay or
the second voltage via a low output to a normally closed contact of the fifth relay and to a normally open contact of the sixth relay. 8. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein the first voltage causes a shaft of the motor to turn in a first direction. 9. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 8, wherein the second voltage causes the shaft of the motor to turn in a second direction. 10. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein the motor is a brushless motor. 11. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein at least one of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, the fifth relay, or the sixth relay is an electromechanical relay. 12. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, wherein at least one of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, the fifth relay, or the sixth relay is a solid-state relay. 13. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 7, further comprising:
a controller comprising a three-phase inverter. 14. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 13, wherein the first FET driver, the second FET driver, and the third FET driver receive a low input signal and a high input signal from the three-phase inverter of the controller. 15. The gate crossing mechanism of claim 13, wherein the controller further comprises:
a processor; a field-programmable gate array; a signal isolator; a charge pump; and a battery. | 3,700 |
339,028 | 16,799,889 | 3,735 | The present disclosure discloses a flexible display module and a display device, a strengthening layer is inserted between the display layer and the protective layer, and the modulus of the strengthening layer is greater than or equal to that of any of the layers in the flexible display module, so that the strained neutral layer in the flexible display module is pulled to the vicinity of the strengthening layer. Since the display layer is closer to the strengthening layer, it is less stressed, so that the bending characteristic of the display layer can be enhanced. Thus, the reliability of the flexible display module in the ball drop test is improved while the thickness of the protective layer does not affect the bending characteristics | 1. A flexible display panel, comprising:
a flexible substrate; a display layer on the flexible substrate; a reinforcement layer on a side of the display layer distal to the flexible substrate; and a protective layer on a side of the reinforcement layer distal to the flexible substrate; wherein the reinforcement layer is a multi-layer laminate structure comprising at least one colorless polyimide layer and the reinforcement layer is configured to enhance the reliability testing of the flexible display panel. 2. The flexible display panel according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a first colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the first colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a second colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 3. The flexible display panel according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcement layer further comprises a hard coating layer on a side of the second colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate. 4. The flexible display module according to claim 2, wherein modulus of the first colorless polyimide layer ranges from 3 Gpa to 10 Gpa. 5. The flexible display panel according to claim 2, wherein a thickness of the first colorless polyimide layer ranges from 35 μm to 100 μm. 6. The flexible display panel according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 7. The flexible display module according to claim 6, wherein modulus of the colorless polyimide layer ranges from 3 Gpa to 10 Gpa. 8. The flexible display panel according to claim 6, wherein a thickness of the colorless polyimide layer ranges from 35 μm to 100 μm. 9. The flexible display panel according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the ultra-thin glass layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 10. The flexible display panel according to claim 9, wherein modulus of the colorless polyimide layer ranges from 3 Gpa to 10 Gpa. 11. The flexible display panel according to claim 9, wherein a thickness of the colorless polyimide layer is 80 μm. 12. A flexible display device, comprising:
a flexible substrate; a display layer on the flexible substrate; a touch layer on a side of the display layer distal to the substrate; a polarizing layer on a side of the touch layer distal to the flexible substrate; a reinforcement layer on a side of the polarizing layer distal to the flexible substrate; and a protective layer on a side of the reinforcement layer distal to the flexible substrate; wherein the reinforcement layer is a multi-layer laminate structure comprising at least one colorless polyimide layer and the reinforcement layer is configured to enhance the reliability testing of the flexible display device. 13. The flexible display device according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a first colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the first colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a second colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 14. The flexible display device according to claim 13, wherein the reinforcement layer further comprises a hard coating layer on a side of the second colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate. 15. The flexible display device according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 16. The flexible display device according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the ultra-thin glass layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 17. The flexible display device according to claim 12, further comprising a bottom film layer on a side of the display layer proximal to the substrate. 18. The flexible display device according to claim 17, wherein the bottom film layer comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive layer on a side of the display layer proximal to the substrate and a polyimide layer on a side of the pressure sensitive adhesive layer proximal to the substrate. 19. The flexible display device according to claim 17, further comprising an optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the bottom film layer proximal to the substrate. | The present disclosure discloses a flexible display module and a display device, a strengthening layer is inserted between the display layer and the protective layer, and the modulus of the strengthening layer is greater than or equal to that of any of the layers in the flexible display module, so that the strained neutral layer in the flexible display module is pulled to the vicinity of the strengthening layer. Since the display layer is closer to the strengthening layer, it is less stressed, so that the bending characteristic of the display layer can be enhanced. Thus, the reliability of the flexible display module in the ball drop test is improved while the thickness of the protective layer does not affect the bending characteristics1. A flexible display panel, comprising:
a flexible substrate; a display layer on the flexible substrate; a reinforcement layer on a side of the display layer distal to the flexible substrate; and a protective layer on a side of the reinforcement layer distal to the flexible substrate; wherein the reinforcement layer is a multi-layer laminate structure comprising at least one colorless polyimide layer and the reinforcement layer is configured to enhance the reliability testing of the flexible display panel. 2. The flexible display panel according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a first colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the first colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a second colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 3. The flexible display panel according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcement layer further comprises a hard coating layer on a side of the second colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate. 4. The flexible display module according to claim 2, wherein modulus of the first colorless polyimide layer ranges from 3 Gpa to 10 Gpa. 5. The flexible display panel according to claim 2, wherein a thickness of the first colorless polyimide layer ranges from 35 μm to 100 μm. 6. The flexible display panel according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 7. The flexible display module according to claim 6, wherein modulus of the colorless polyimide layer ranges from 3 Gpa to 10 Gpa. 8. The flexible display panel according to claim 6, wherein a thickness of the colorless polyimide layer ranges from 35 μm to 100 μm. 9. The flexible display panel according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the ultra-thin glass layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 10. The flexible display panel according to claim 9, wherein modulus of the colorless polyimide layer ranges from 3 Gpa to 10 Gpa. 11. The flexible display panel according to claim 9, wherein a thickness of the colorless polyimide layer is 80 μm. 12. A flexible display device, comprising:
a flexible substrate; a display layer on the flexible substrate; a touch layer on a side of the display layer distal to the substrate; a polarizing layer on a side of the touch layer distal to the flexible substrate; a reinforcement layer on a side of the polarizing layer distal to the flexible substrate; and a protective layer on a side of the reinforcement layer distal to the flexible substrate; wherein the reinforcement layer is a multi-layer laminate structure comprising at least one colorless polyimide layer and the reinforcement layer is configured to enhance the reliability testing of the flexible display device. 13. The flexible display device according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a first colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the first colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a second colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 14. The flexible display device according to claim 13, wherein the reinforcement layer further comprises a hard coating layer on a side of the second colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate. 15. The flexible display device according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the colorless polyimide layer distal to the flexible substrate, and an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 16. The flexible display device according to claim 12, wherein the reinforcement layer comprises a first optical clear adhesive layer, an ultra-thin glass layer on a side of the first optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate, a second optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the ultra-thin glass layer distal to the flexible substrate, and a colorless polyimide layer on a side of the second optical clear adhesive layer distal to the flexible substrate. 17. The flexible display device according to claim 12, further comprising a bottom film layer on a side of the display layer proximal to the substrate. 18. The flexible display device according to claim 17, wherein the bottom film layer comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive layer on a side of the display layer proximal to the substrate and a polyimide layer on a side of the pressure sensitive adhesive layer proximal to the substrate. 19. The flexible display device according to claim 17, further comprising an optical clear adhesive layer on a side of the bottom film layer proximal to the substrate. | 3,700 |
339,029 | 16,799,890 | 3,735 | A hydraulic gearbox actuator with a hydraulic pump which has a pump body wherein a rotor is arranged, wherein a drive motor is provided with which the rotor can be driven in opposite directions, wherein two working chambers which are separated from each other are formed in the pump body, the working chambers each having two openings, of which at least three openings are connected to a respective pressure supply circuit, the one side of which is connected to a reservoir and the other side of which is connected to one of three pressure outlets of the gearbox actuator. | 1. A hydraulic gearbox actuator with a hydraulic pump which has a pump body wherein a rotor is arranged, wherein a drive motor is provided with which the rotor can be driven in opposite directions, wherein two working chambers which are separated from each other are formed in the pump body, said working chambers each having two openings, of which at least three openings are connected to a respective pressure supply circuit, the one side of which is connected to a reservoir and the other side of which is connected to one of three pressure outlets of the gearbox actuator. 2. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein the fourth opening is directly connected to the reservoir. 3. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein all of the openings are connected to a pressure supply circuit, the one side of which is connected to the reservoir and the other side of which is connected to one of four pressure outlets of the gearbox actuator. 4. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein a proportional valve is arranged in each pressure supply circuit between the opening and the pressure outlet. 5. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 4, wherein the reservoir is divided into separate chambers, and each proportional valve has a return line which leads to the chamber of the reservoir from which the pressure supply circuit which is connected to the same working chamber of the hydraulic pump draws. 6. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein a nonreturn valve is provided in each pressure supply circuit, said nonreturn valve being arranged between an intake from the reservoir and the branch to the opening of the hydraulic pump. 7. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pump is a roller cell pump or a vane pump. 8. An assembly with a hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1 and a gearbox for a drive train of a motor vehicle, wherein the gearbox has at least one clutch and a brake, and the gearbox actuator can actuate the at least one clutch and the at least one brake. 9. The assembly according to claim 8, wherein two of the pressure outlets are connected to a respective clutch of the gearbox, and two of the pressure outlets are connected to a respective brake of the gearbox. 10. The assembly according to claim 9, wherein the brakes are each assigned to a planetary gear set and the clutches are assigned to an internal combustion engine and/or to an electric motor. | A hydraulic gearbox actuator with a hydraulic pump which has a pump body wherein a rotor is arranged, wherein a drive motor is provided with which the rotor can be driven in opposite directions, wherein two working chambers which are separated from each other are formed in the pump body, the working chambers each having two openings, of which at least three openings are connected to a respective pressure supply circuit, the one side of which is connected to a reservoir and the other side of which is connected to one of three pressure outlets of the gearbox actuator.1. A hydraulic gearbox actuator with a hydraulic pump which has a pump body wherein a rotor is arranged, wherein a drive motor is provided with which the rotor can be driven in opposite directions, wherein two working chambers which are separated from each other are formed in the pump body, said working chambers each having two openings, of which at least three openings are connected to a respective pressure supply circuit, the one side of which is connected to a reservoir and the other side of which is connected to one of three pressure outlets of the gearbox actuator. 2. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein the fourth opening is directly connected to the reservoir. 3. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein all of the openings are connected to a pressure supply circuit, the one side of which is connected to the reservoir and the other side of which is connected to one of four pressure outlets of the gearbox actuator. 4. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein a proportional valve is arranged in each pressure supply circuit between the opening and the pressure outlet. 5. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 4, wherein the reservoir is divided into separate chambers, and each proportional valve has a return line which leads to the chamber of the reservoir from which the pressure supply circuit which is connected to the same working chamber of the hydraulic pump draws. 6. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein a nonreturn valve is provided in each pressure supply circuit, said nonreturn valve being arranged between an intake from the reservoir and the branch to the opening of the hydraulic pump. 7. The hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pump is a roller cell pump or a vane pump. 8. An assembly with a hydraulic gearbox actuator according to claim 1 and a gearbox for a drive train of a motor vehicle, wherein the gearbox has at least one clutch and a brake, and the gearbox actuator can actuate the at least one clutch and the at least one brake. 9. The assembly according to claim 8, wherein two of the pressure outlets are connected to a respective clutch of the gearbox, and two of the pressure outlets are connected to a respective brake of the gearbox. 10. The assembly according to claim 9, wherein the brakes are each assigned to a planetary gear set and the clutches are assigned to an internal combustion engine and/or to an electric motor. | 3,700 |
339,030 | 16,799,894 | 3,735 | Disclosed is a computing system which includes a storage device and a host. The storage device may include a nonvolatile memory, and the host may control the storage device based on a physical address of the nonvolatile memory and may send an asynchronous event request command to the storage device. The storage device may monitor the nonvolatile memory and may send an asynchronous event request corresponding to the asynchronous event request command to the host based on the monitoring result. The asynchronous event request may include requesting another command from the host based on the monitoring result. In some aspects, the host may send an erase command for erasing to erase a selected memory block of the nonvolatile memory to the storage device. In response, the storage device may send an erase pass response or an erase delay violation response to the host in response to the erase command. | 1. A computing system comprising:
a storage device comprising a nonvolatile memory; and a host configured to control the storage device based on a physical address of the nonvolatile memory and to send an erase command to erase a selected memory block of the nonvolatile memory to the storage device, wherein the storage device sends an erase pass response or an erase delay violation response to the host in response to the erase command, and wherein the storage device sends the erase delay violation response responsive to receiving the erase command within an erase delay time from a previous erase point in time of the selected memory block. 2. The computing system of claim 1, wherein responsive to the storage device receiving the erase command within the erase delay time from the previous erase point in time of the selected memory block, the storage device erases the selected memory block and sends the erase pass response to the host. 3. The computing system of claim 2, wherein the storage device updates an erase point in time of the selected memory block after erasing the selected memory block. 4. The computing system of claim 2, wherein the host terminates an erase operation of the selected memory block responsive to receiving the erase pass response. 5. The computing system of claim 1, wherein responsive to the host receiving the erase delay violation response, the host searches the nonvolatile memory to select another memory block as an erase target. 6. The computing system of claim 1, wherein responsive to the host receiving the erase delay violation response, the host sends an asynchronous event request command to perform an erase operation of the selected memory block to the storage device. 7. The computing system of claim 6, wherein the storage device counts an erase delay time of the selected memory block based on the asynchronous event request command. 8. The computing system of claim 7, wherein responsive to the erase delay time of the selected memory block elapsing, the storage device sends an asynchronous event request requesting the erase operation of the selected memory block to the host in response to the asynchronous event request command. 9. The computing system of claim 8, wherein the host sends the erase command to erase the selected memory block in response to the asynchronous event request. | Disclosed is a computing system which includes a storage device and a host. The storage device may include a nonvolatile memory, and the host may control the storage device based on a physical address of the nonvolatile memory and may send an asynchronous event request command to the storage device. The storage device may monitor the nonvolatile memory and may send an asynchronous event request corresponding to the asynchronous event request command to the host based on the monitoring result. The asynchronous event request may include requesting another command from the host based on the monitoring result. In some aspects, the host may send an erase command for erasing to erase a selected memory block of the nonvolatile memory to the storage device. In response, the storage device may send an erase pass response or an erase delay violation response to the host in response to the erase command.1. A computing system comprising:
a storage device comprising a nonvolatile memory; and a host configured to control the storage device based on a physical address of the nonvolatile memory and to send an erase command to erase a selected memory block of the nonvolatile memory to the storage device, wherein the storage device sends an erase pass response or an erase delay violation response to the host in response to the erase command, and wherein the storage device sends the erase delay violation response responsive to receiving the erase command within an erase delay time from a previous erase point in time of the selected memory block. 2. The computing system of claim 1, wherein responsive to the storage device receiving the erase command within the erase delay time from the previous erase point in time of the selected memory block, the storage device erases the selected memory block and sends the erase pass response to the host. 3. The computing system of claim 2, wherein the storage device updates an erase point in time of the selected memory block after erasing the selected memory block. 4. The computing system of claim 2, wherein the host terminates an erase operation of the selected memory block responsive to receiving the erase pass response. 5. The computing system of claim 1, wherein responsive to the host receiving the erase delay violation response, the host searches the nonvolatile memory to select another memory block as an erase target. 6. The computing system of claim 1, wherein responsive to the host receiving the erase delay violation response, the host sends an asynchronous event request command to perform an erase operation of the selected memory block to the storage device. 7. The computing system of claim 6, wherein the storage device counts an erase delay time of the selected memory block based on the asynchronous event request command. 8. The computing system of claim 7, wherein responsive to the erase delay time of the selected memory block elapsing, the storage device sends an asynchronous event request requesting the erase operation of the selected memory block to the host in response to the asynchronous event request command. 9. The computing system of claim 8, wherein the host sends the erase command to erase the selected memory block in response to the asynchronous event request. | 3,700 |
339,031 | 16,799,898 | 3,735 | Chained terminals include a strip-like carrier and terminals arranged side by side in a longitudinal direction of the carrier. The terminal includes a base portion constituting a part of the carrier and projecting portions respectively connected to the base portion and projecting in opposite directions from both side edges of the carrier. The carrier includes notches at positions distant from the projecting portions at least on one side edge. The terminals are cut off from the carrier along cutting surfaces passing through the notches. | 1. Chained terminals, comprising:
a strip-like carrier (78); and terminals (61) arranged side by side in a longitudinal direction of the carrier (78), wherein: each of the terminals (61) includes a base (62) constituting a part of the carrier (78) and first and second projections (63, 64) connected to the base (62) and projecting respectively in opposite directions from first and second side edges of the carrier (78), and the carrier (78) includes notches (81) at positions distant from the first and second projections (63, 64) at least on one of the first and second side edges. 2. The chained terminals of claim 1, wherein the notches (81) are provided on opposite sides of the projections (63, 64) only on the first side edge of the carrier (78). 3. The chained terminals of claim 2, wherein:
each of the first projections (63) includes a resiliently deformable press-fit portion (69); and the notches (81) are located on a side where the press-fit portions (69) are located. 4. A board connector with the terminals in the chained terminals of claim 3, comprising:
the terminals (61) cut off from the carrier (78) along cutting surfaces (74) passing through the notches (81); and a housing (11) including insertion holes (15), the bases (62) being inserted into the insertion holes (15), wherein: the first projection (63) being connected to a circuit board (90) outside the housing (11) and the second projection (64) is connected to a mating terminal inside housing (11), the base (62) has the cutting surface (74), a divided recess constituting a part of the notch (81) and an exposed surface (73) connecting the divided recess (75) and the first projection (63) on the first side edge, the cutting surface (74) is arranged to face an inner surface (17) of the insertion hole (15), and the exposed surface (73) is exposed outside the housing (15). 5. The board connector with the terminals in the chained terminals of claim 4, wherein the cutting surfaces (74) are arranged at a distance from the inner surfaces (17) of the insertion holes (15). 6. A board connector with the terminals in the chained terminals of claim 1, comprising:
the terminals (61) cut off from the carrier (78) along cutting surfaces (74) passing through the notches (81); and a housing (11) including insertion holes (15), the bases (62) being inserted into the insertion holes (15), wherein: the first projection (63) being connected to a circuit board (90) outside the housing (11) and the second projection (64) is connected to a mating terminal inside housing (11), the base (62) has the cutting surface (74), a divided recess constituting a part of the notch (81) and an exposed surface (73) connecting the divided recess (75) and the first projection (63) on the first side edge, the cutting surface (74) is arranged to face an inner surface (17) of the insertion hole (15), and the exposed surface (73) is exposed outside the housing (15). | Chained terminals include a strip-like carrier and terminals arranged side by side in a longitudinal direction of the carrier. The terminal includes a base portion constituting a part of the carrier and projecting portions respectively connected to the base portion and projecting in opposite directions from both side edges of the carrier. The carrier includes notches at positions distant from the projecting portions at least on one side edge. The terminals are cut off from the carrier along cutting surfaces passing through the notches.1. Chained terminals, comprising:
a strip-like carrier (78); and terminals (61) arranged side by side in a longitudinal direction of the carrier (78), wherein: each of the terminals (61) includes a base (62) constituting a part of the carrier (78) and first and second projections (63, 64) connected to the base (62) and projecting respectively in opposite directions from first and second side edges of the carrier (78), and the carrier (78) includes notches (81) at positions distant from the first and second projections (63, 64) at least on one of the first and second side edges. 2. The chained terminals of claim 1, wherein the notches (81) are provided on opposite sides of the projections (63, 64) only on the first side edge of the carrier (78). 3. The chained terminals of claim 2, wherein:
each of the first projections (63) includes a resiliently deformable press-fit portion (69); and the notches (81) are located on a side where the press-fit portions (69) are located. 4. A board connector with the terminals in the chained terminals of claim 3, comprising:
the terminals (61) cut off from the carrier (78) along cutting surfaces (74) passing through the notches (81); and a housing (11) including insertion holes (15), the bases (62) being inserted into the insertion holes (15), wherein: the first projection (63) being connected to a circuit board (90) outside the housing (11) and the second projection (64) is connected to a mating terminal inside housing (11), the base (62) has the cutting surface (74), a divided recess constituting a part of the notch (81) and an exposed surface (73) connecting the divided recess (75) and the first projection (63) on the first side edge, the cutting surface (74) is arranged to face an inner surface (17) of the insertion hole (15), and the exposed surface (73) is exposed outside the housing (15). 5. The board connector with the terminals in the chained terminals of claim 4, wherein the cutting surfaces (74) are arranged at a distance from the inner surfaces (17) of the insertion holes (15). 6. A board connector with the terminals in the chained terminals of claim 1, comprising:
the terminals (61) cut off from the carrier (78) along cutting surfaces (74) passing through the notches (81); and a housing (11) including insertion holes (15), the bases (62) being inserted into the insertion holes (15), wherein: the first projection (63) being connected to a circuit board (90) outside the housing (11) and the second projection (64) is connected to a mating terminal inside housing (11), the base (62) has the cutting surface (74), a divided recess constituting a part of the notch (81) and an exposed surface (73) connecting the divided recess (75) and the first projection (63) on the first side edge, the cutting surface (74) is arranged to face an inner surface (17) of the insertion hole (15), and the exposed surface (73) is exposed outside the housing (15). | 3,700 |
339,032 | 16,799,888 | 3,735 | An ink-jet ink composition according to the present disclosure contains pigment, resin particles, a lubricant, water, and an organic solvent. The resin particles are urethane resin particles having a crosslinking group. The lubricant has a mean particle size D50 of 200 nm or less. | 1. An ink-jet ink composition containing:
pigment; resin particles; a lubricant; water; and an organic solvent, wherein the resin particles are urethane resin particles having a crosslinking group and the lubricant has a mean particle size D50 of 200 nm or less. 2. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of the resin particles is 5.0% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the ink-jet ink composition. 3. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the glass transition temperature of the resin particles is 0° C. or lower. 4. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the mean particle size D50 of the resin particles to the mean particle size D50 of the lubricant is from 0.5 to 1.5. 5. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of glycerin is 15.0% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the ink-jet ink composition. 6. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the melting point of the lubricant is 120° C. or higher. 7. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the mean particle size D50 of the urethane resin particles is 100 nm or less. 8. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1 being discharged from a nozzle with a nozzle diameter of 20 μm to 30 μm. 9. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 8 being used in an ink jet recording apparatus including an ink jet head including the nozzle, a pressure chamber, and a circulation path circulating the ink-jet ink composition in the pressure chamber. 10. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein a recording medium is fabric. 11. An ink jet recording method comprising an ink-applying step of applying an ink-jet ink composition to a recording medium by discharging the ink-jet ink composition from a nozzle of an ink jet head, wherein
the ink-jet ink composition contains pigment, resin particles, a lubricant, water, and an organic solvent; the resin particles are urethane resin particles having a crosslinking group; and the lubricant has a mean particle size D50 of 200 nm or less. 12. The ink jet recording method according to claim 11, wherein the ink jet head includes a pressure chamber and a circulation path circulating the ink-jet ink composition in the pressure chamber. | An ink-jet ink composition according to the present disclosure contains pigment, resin particles, a lubricant, water, and an organic solvent. The resin particles are urethane resin particles having a crosslinking group. The lubricant has a mean particle size D50 of 200 nm or less.1. An ink-jet ink composition containing:
pigment; resin particles; a lubricant; water; and an organic solvent, wherein the resin particles are urethane resin particles having a crosslinking group and the lubricant has a mean particle size D50 of 200 nm or less. 2. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of the resin particles is 5.0% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the ink-jet ink composition. 3. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the glass transition temperature of the resin particles is 0° C. or lower. 4. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the mean particle size D50 of the resin particles to the mean particle size D50 of the lubricant is from 0.5 to 1.5. 5. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the content of glycerin is 15.0% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the ink-jet ink composition. 6. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the melting point of the lubricant is 120° C. or higher. 7. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein the mean particle size D50 of the urethane resin particles is 100 nm or less. 8. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1 being discharged from a nozzle with a nozzle diameter of 20 μm to 30 μm. 9. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 8 being used in an ink jet recording apparatus including an ink jet head including the nozzle, a pressure chamber, and a circulation path circulating the ink-jet ink composition in the pressure chamber. 10. The ink-jet ink composition according to claim 1, wherein a recording medium is fabric. 11. An ink jet recording method comprising an ink-applying step of applying an ink-jet ink composition to a recording medium by discharging the ink-jet ink composition from a nozzle of an ink jet head, wherein
the ink-jet ink composition contains pigment, resin particles, a lubricant, water, and an organic solvent; the resin particles are urethane resin particles having a crosslinking group; and the lubricant has a mean particle size D50 of 200 nm or less. 12. The ink jet recording method according to claim 11, wherein the ink jet head includes a pressure chamber and a circulation path circulating the ink-jet ink composition in the pressure chamber. | 3,700 |
339,033 | 16,799,903 | 2,652 | An information processing system including a video device for displaying a video and a wireless terminal for communicating with the video device and communicating with other apparatuses via a network, wherein the video device transmits video information captured by a camera and sound information collected by a microphone when reception from the wireless terminal of information pertaining to a video to be displayed is detected, and outputs the received sound information using a speaker. The wireless terminal transmits information pertaining to the video to be displayed to the video device, the other apparatuses receive the captured video information and collected sound information via the network, and transmit information pertaining to the video to be displayed and information pertaining to the sound to be outputted. | 1. An information processing system, comprising:
a video apparatus configured to display a video; and a wireless terminal configured to perform communication with the video apparatus and perform communication with another apparatus via a network, wherein after information for instructing to output a video is received from the wireless terminal, the video apparatus is further configured to transmit a notification, which indicates that a camera of the video apparatus, a microphone of the video apparatus, and a speaker of the video apparatus are usable, to the wireless terminal, wherein the video apparatus is further configured to establish connection with the other apparatus via the network in case that information necessary for establishing a connection with the other apparatus via the network is received from the wireless terminal, wherein the wireless terminal is further configured to: i) transmit authentication information to the other apparatus; ii) establish a connection with the other apparatus via the network; and iii) display on a display of the wireless terminal, a menu screen for accepting a manipulation input for selecting whether to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus or not, wherein the wireless terminal is further configured to transmit information necessary for establishing a connection with the other apparatus to the video apparatus in the case that a manipulation input to select to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen, wherein the wireless terminal is further configured to transmit information of a video captured by a camera of the wireless terminal and information of a sound collected by a microphone of the wireless terminal to the other apparatus via the network in the case that a manipulation input to select not to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen, and wherein the other apparatus is further configured to: i) receive the information of the video captured by the camera of the wireless terminal and the information of the sound collected by the microphone of the wireless terminal from the wireless terminal via the network; and ii) transmit information of a video to be displayed by the wireless terminal and information of a sound to be output by a speaker of the wireless terminal to the wireless terminal via the network. 2. The information processing system according to claim 1,
wherein the camera of the video apparatus is configured to capture an image including the video displayed by the video apparatus, and the other apparatus is a video conference server. 3. The information processing system according to claim 2,
wherein the authentication information includes information of participation in a video conference. 4. A wireless terminal for performing communication with a video apparatus that displays a video and for performing communication with another apparatus via a network, comprising:
a transceiver configured to exchange information with the video apparatus and to exchange information with the other apparatus via a network; a display; an input panel; and a processor; wherein the processor is programmed to: control the transceiver to receive information of a video to be displayed from the other apparatus via the network and transmit the information of the video to be displayed to the video apparatus; perform display on a display of the wireless terminal, a menu screen for accepting a manipulation input for selecting whether to use a camera of the video apparatus and a microphone of the video apparatus or not, after a notification indicating that the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus are usable is received from the video apparatus; transmit information necessary for establishing a connection with the other apparatus to the video apparatus in the case that a manipulation input to select to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen; and transmit information of a video captured by a camera of the wireless terminal and information of a sound collected by a microphone of the wireless terminal to the other apparatus via the network in the case that a manipulation input to select not to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen. | An information processing system including a video device for displaying a video and a wireless terminal for communicating with the video device and communicating with other apparatuses via a network, wherein the video device transmits video information captured by a camera and sound information collected by a microphone when reception from the wireless terminal of information pertaining to a video to be displayed is detected, and outputs the received sound information using a speaker. The wireless terminal transmits information pertaining to the video to be displayed to the video device, the other apparatuses receive the captured video information and collected sound information via the network, and transmit information pertaining to the video to be displayed and information pertaining to the sound to be outputted.1. An information processing system, comprising:
a video apparatus configured to display a video; and a wireless terminal configured to perform communication with the video apparatus and perform communication with another apparatus via a network, wherein after information for instructing to output a video is received from the wireless terminal, the video apparatus is further configured to transmit a notification, which indicates that a camera of the video apparatus, a microphone of the video apparatus, and a speaker of the video apparatus are usable, to the wireless terminal, wherein the video apparatus is further configured to establish connection with the other apparatus via the network in case that information necessary for establishing a connection with the other apparatus via the network is received from the wireless terminal, wherein the wireless terminal is further configured to: i) transmit authentication information to the other apparatus; ii) establish a connection with the other apparatus via the network; and iii) display on a display of the wireless terminal, a menu screen for accepting a manipulation input for selecting whether to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus or not, wherein the wireless terminal is further configured to transmit information necessary for establishing a connection with the other apparatus to the video apparatus in the case that a manipulation input to select to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen, wherein the wireless terminal is further configured to transmit information of a video captured by a camera of the wireless terminal and information of a sound collected by a microphone of the wireless terminal to the other apparatus via the network in the case that a manipulation input to select not to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen, and wherein the other apparatus is further configured to: i) receive the information of the video captured by the camera of the wireless terminal and the information of the sound collected by the microphone of the wireless terminal from the wireless terminal via the network; and ii) transmit information of a video to be displayed by the wireless terminal and information of a sound to be output by a speaker of the wireless terminal to the wireless terminal via the network. 2. The information processing system according to claim 1,
wherein the camera of the video apparatus is configured to capture an image including the video displayed by the video apparatus, and the other apparatus is a video conference server. 3. The information processing system according to claim 2,
wherein the authentication information includes information of participation in a video conference. 4. A wireless terminal for performing communication with a video apparatus that displays a video and for performing communication with another apparatus via a network, comprising:
a transceiver configured to exchange information with the video apparatus and to exchange information with the other apparatus via a network; a display; an input panel; and a processor; wherein the processor is programmed to: control the transceiver to receive information of a video to be displayed from the other apparatus via the network and transmit the information of the video to be displayed to the video apparatus; perform display on a display of the wireless terminal, a menu screen for accepting a manipulation input for selecting whether to use a camera of the video apparatus and a microphone of the video apparatus or not, after a notification indicating that the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus are usable is received from the video apparatus; transmit information necessary for establishing a connection with the other apparatus to the video apparatus in the case that a manipulation input to select to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen; and transmit information of a video captured by a camera of the wireless terminal and information of a sound collected by a microphone of the wireless terminal to the other apparatus via the network in the case that a manipulation input to select not to use the camera of the video apparatus and the microphone of the video apparatus is inputted via the menu screen. | 2,600 |
339,034 | 16,799,902 | 2,652 | A coil component having high inductance while suppressing core loss is obtained. The coil component includes a coil and a magnetic core. The magnetic core has a laminated body in which soft magnetic layers are laminated. The volume occupation of a magnetic material in the laminated body is 50% or more and 99.5% or less. A structure consisting of Fe-based nanocrystals is observed in the soft magnetic layers. | 1. A coil component, comprising a coil and a magnetic core, wherein
the magnetic core has a laminated body in which soft magnetic layers are laminated, a volume occupation of a magnetic material in the laminated body is 50% or more and 99.5% or less, and a structure consisting of Fe-based nanocrystals is observed in the soft magnetic layers. 2. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein soft magnetic layers and adhesion layers are alternately laminated in the laminated body. 3. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic layers are arranged substantially in parallel with the flow direction of magnetic fluxes. 4. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic core comprises a magnetic substance containing resin, and
the magnetic substance containing resin covers at least a part of the coil and at least a part of the laminated body. 5. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic layers have a composition formula (Fe(1−(α+β))X1αX2β)(1−(a+b+c+d+e+f))MaBbPcSidCeSf,
X1 is one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Co and Ni, X2 is one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Al, Mn, Ag, Zn, Sn, As, Sb, Cu, Cr, Bi, N, O and rare earth elements, M is one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Nb, Hf, Zr, Ta, Mo, W, Ti and V, 0≤a≤0.140 0.020≤b≤0.200 0≤c≤0.150 0≤d≤0.090 0≤e≤0.030 0≤f≤0.030 α≥0 β≥0 0≤α+β≤0.50, and at least one or more of a, c and d is greater than zero. 6. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of each of the soft magnetic layers is 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less. 7. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein micro gaps are formed in the soft magnetic layers. 8. The coil component according to claim 7, wherein the soft magnetic layers are arranged substantially in parallel with the flow direction of the magnetic fluxes, and at least a part of the micro gaps is formed substantially in parallel with the flow direction of the magnetic fluxes. 9. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein when the area of the soft magnetic layers in a plane substantially perpendicular to a lamination direction is set as S1 (mm2), 0.04≤S1≤1.5 is satisfied. 10. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic layers are divided into at least two or more small pieces, and the number of the small pieces per unit area is 150 pieces/cm2 or more and 10000 pieces/cm2 or less. 11. The coil component according to claim 10, wherein when the average area of the small pieces in the plane substantially perpendicular to the lamination direction is set as S2 (mm2), 0.04≤S2≤1.5 is satisfied. 12. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the average grain size of the Fe-based nano-crystals is 5 nm or more and 30 nm or less. | A coil component having high inductance while suppressing core loss is obtained. The coil component includes a coil and a magnetic core. The magnetic core has a laminated body in which soft magnetic layers are laminated. The volume occupation of a magnetic material in the laminated body is 50% or more and 99.5% or less. A structure consisting of Fe-based nanocrystals is observed in the soft magnetic layers.1. A coil component, comprising a coil and a magnetic core, wherein
the magnetic core has a laminated body in which soft magnetic layers are laminated, a volume occupation of a magnetic material in the laminated body is 50% or more and 99.5% or less, and a structure consisting of Fe-based nanocrystals is observed in the soft magnetic layers. 2. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein soft magnetic layers and adhesion layers are alternately laminated in the laminated body. 3. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic layers are arranged substantially in parallel with the flow direction of magnetic fluxes. 4. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic core comprises a magnetic substance containing resin, and
the magnetic substance containing resin covers at least a part of the coil and at least a part of the laminated body. 5. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic layers have a composition formula (Fe(1−(α+β))X1αX2β)(1−(a+b+c+d+e+f))MaBbPcSidCeSf,
X1 is one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Co and Ni, X2 is one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Al, Mn, Ag, Zn, Sn, As, Sb, Cu, Cr, Bi, N, O and rare earth elements, M is one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Nb, Hf, Zr, Ta, Mo, W, Ti and V, 0≤a≤0.140 0.020≤b≤0.200 0≤c≤0.150 0≤d≤0.090 0≤e≤0.030 0≤f≤0.030 α≥0 β≥0 0≤α+β≤0.50, and at least one or more of a, c and d is greater than zero. 6. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of each of the soft magnetic layers is 10 μm or more and 30 μm or less. 7. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein micro gaps are formed in the soft magnetic layers. 8. The coil component according to claim 7, wherein the soft magnetic layers are arranged substantially in parallel with the flow direction of the magnetic fluxes, and at least a part of the micro gaps is formed substantially in parallel with the flow direction of the magnetic fluxes. 9. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein when the area of the soft magnetic layers in a plane substantially perpendicular to a lamination direction is set as S1 (mm2), 0.04≤S1≤1.5 is satisfied. 10. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic layers are divided into at least two or more small pieces, and the number of the small pieces per unit area is 150 pieces/cm2 or more and 10000 pieces/cm2 or less. 11. The coil component according to claim 10, wherein when the average area of the small pieces in the plane substantially perpendicular to the lamination direction is set as S2 (mm2), 0.04≤S2≤1.5 is satisfied. 12. The coil component according to claim 1, wherein the average grain size of the Fe-based nano-crystals is 5 nm or more and 30 nm or less. | 2,600 |
339,035 | 16,799,925 | 2,652 | A server inputs behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state. The server specifies a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model, and determines an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood the difference. | 1. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium having stored therein a determination program that causes a computer to execute a process comprising:
inputting behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state of a plurality of states, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state with the specific state; specifying a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model; and determining an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood associated with the combination of the behaviors and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein,
the determining includes specifying the additional behavior including the combination of the behaviors associated with the likelihood equal to or greater than a threshold with which the behavior information of the target to be determined is determined as the specific state is specified, and deciding a recommended behavior for the target to be determined. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further comprises:
acquiring, as the output results, the combination of the behaviors, the likelihood, and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information of the target to be determined from the trained machine learning model; and outputting the output results to a server device that provides a service to the target to be determined. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further comprises:
inputting the behavior information of the target to be determined to the trained machine learning model corresponding to the plurality of states; acquiring scores obtained by adding up the likelihoods associated with the combinations of the behaviors including the behavior information of the target to be determined from the trained machine learning model; and specifying a state of the target to be determined based on the scores acquired from the trained machine learning model. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 4,
wherein the plurality of states is states to sequentially transition from an initial state to a final target state, and the specifying includes specifying a state which has a score equal to or greater than a threshold among the scores acquired from the trained machine learning model corresponding to the plurality of states and is closest to the final target state is specified, as the state of the target to be determined. 6. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 5, wherein,
the specifying includes acquiring a proportion with which the behavior information of the target to be determined is included in the combination of the behaviors is acquired regarding the association relation between the likelihood and the combination of the behaviors characterizing a second state which is a next state of a first state specified as the state of the target to be determined, from the trained machine learning model corresponding to the second state, and the determining includes specifying, the combination having the highest proportion is specified among the combinations of the behaviors of which the likelihood is equal to or greater than a threshold, and determining, as the additional behavior in the specified combination, the behavior which is not included in the behavior information of the target to be determined is determined. 7. A determination method comprising:
inputting behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state of a plurality of states, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state with the specific state, using a processor; specifying a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model, using the processor; and determining an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood associated with the combination of the behaviors and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information, using the processor. 8. An information processing apparatus comprising:
a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to: input behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state of a plurality of states, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state with the specific state; specify a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model; and determine an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood associated with the combination of the behaviors and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information. | A server inputs behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state. The server specifies a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model, and determines an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood the difference.1. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium having stored therein a determination program that causes a computer to execute a process comprising:
inputting behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state of a plurality of states, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state with the specific state; specifying a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model; and determining an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood associated with the combination of the behaviors and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein,
the determining includes specifying the additional behavior including the combination of the behaviors associated with the likelihood equal to or greater than a threshold with which the behavior information of the target to be determined is determined as the specific state is specified, and deciding a recommended behavior for the target to be determined. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further comprises:
acquiring, as the output results, the combination of the behaviors, the likelihood, and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information of the target to be determined from the trained machine learning model; and outputting the output results to a server device that provides a service to the target to be determined. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further comprises:
inputting the behavior information of the target to be determined to the trained machine learning model corresponding to the plurality of states; acquiring scores obtained by adding up the likelihoods associated with the combinations of the behaviors including the behavior information of the target to be determined from the trained machine learning model; and specifying a state of the target to be determined based on the scores acquired from the trained machine learning model. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 4,
wherein the plurality of states is states to sequentially transition from an initial state to a final target state, and the specifying includes specifying a state which has a score equal to or greater than a threshold among the scores acquired from the trained machine learning model corresponding to the plurality of states and is closest to the final target state is specified, as the state of the target to be determined. 6. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 5, wherein,
the specifying includes acquiring a proportion with which the behavior information of the target to be determined is included in the combination of the behaviors is acquired regarding the association relation between the likelihood and the combination of the behaviors characterizing a second state which is a next state of a first state specified as the state of the target to be determined, from the trained machine learning model corresponding to the second state, and the determining includes specifying, the combination having the highest proportion is specified among the combinations of the behaviors of which the likelihood is equal to or greater than a threshold, and determining, as the additional behavior in the specified combination, the behavior which is not included in the behavior information of the target to be determined is determined. 7. A determination method comprising:
inputting behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state of a plurality of states, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state with the specific state, using a processor; specifying a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model, using the processor; and determining an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood associated with the combination of the behaviors and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information, using the processor. 8. An information processing apparatus comprising:
a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to: input behavior information of a target to a trained machine learning model that learn a plurality of association relations obtained by associating combinations of behaviors generated from a plurality of behaviors included in a plurality of training data items with likelihoods indicating certainties that the combinations of the behaviors are in a specific state of a plurality of states, the trained machine learning having been trained by using the plurality of training data items obtained by associating combinations of behaviors of persons corresponding to the specific state with the specific state; specify a difference between the combination of the behaviors in each of the plurality of association relations and the behavior information of the target based on output results of the trained machine learning model; and determine an additional behavior for causing the target to transit to the specific state based on the likelihood associated with the combination of the behaviors and the difference between the combination of the behaviors and the behavior information. | 2,600 |
339,036 | 16,799,929 | 2,652 | A seat belt for use in a vehicle including one or more seat cushions adapted to receive one or more vehicle occupants and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed. The seat belt includes webbing, an anchor loop, and a fold. The anchor loop is formed at an end of the webbing affixed to a body of the webbing and adapted to pass through a belt receptacle anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of the vehicle. The fold is formed in the webbing adjacent to the anchor loop, such that a width of the webbing at the fold is less than a width of the webbing in other regions of the body. | 1. A seat belt assembly, comprising:
an anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of a vehicle, the anchor defining a belt receptacle; and a webbed belt, comprising:
an anchor loop formed at an end of the webbed belt, the anchor loop engaging the belt receptacle of the anchor, and
a fold formed in the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop, such that a width of the webbed belt at the fold is reduced as compared to other regions of the webbed belt. 2. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold is oriented orthogonal to the anchor loop. 3. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold includes sides of the webbed belt disposed adjacent to one another and held together. 4. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold is a pleat. 5. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold includes stitches joining portions of the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop. 6. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, further comprising a clip positioned over the fold that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together. 7. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, further comprising a fastener that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together at the fold. 8. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold includes a first side of the webbed belt, at a position adjacent to the anchor loop, being folded over a second side of the webbed belt along the width of the webbed belt, and stitches joining the first side of the webbed belt to the second side of the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop. 9. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold has a thickness that allows the webbed belt to pass adjacent to or between the one or more seat cushions while the anchor is fastened to the chassis of the vehicle. 10. A seat belt, comprising:
a webbed belt; an anchor loop formed at an end of the webbed belt and adapted to engage a belt receptacle anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of a vehicle; and a fold formed in the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop, such that a width of the webbed belt at the fold is reduced as compared to other regions of the webbed belt. 11. The seat belt of claim 10, wherein the fold is oriented orthogonal to the anchor loop. 12. The seat belt of claim 10, wherein the fold includes sides of the webbed belt disposed adjacent to one another and held together. 13. The seat belt of claim 10, wherein the fold includes stitches joining portions of the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop. 14. The seat belt of claim 10, further comprising a clip positioned over the fold that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together. 15. The seat belt of claim 10, further comprising a fastener that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together at the fold. 16. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold has a thickness that allows the webbed belt to pass adjacent to or between the one or more seat cushions when the belt receptacle anchor is fastened to the chassis of the vehicle. 17. A method for producing a seat belt, comprising:
providing webbed belt; forming a loop in an end of the webbed belt; and forming a fold in the webbed belt adjacent to the loop formed in the end of the webbed belt, such that a width of the webbed belt at the fold is reduced as compared to other regions of the webbed belt. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the fold is oriented orthogonal to the loop. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising securing the fold in the webbed belt using one or more of:
stitches disposed through the webbed belt at the fold, a fastener disposed through the webbed belt at the fold, and a clip disposed over the webbed belt at the fold. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein forming the loop in the end of the webbed belt further comprises securing the loop through a belt receptacle of an anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of a vehicle. | A seat belt for use in a vehicle including one or more seat cushions adapted to receive one or more vehicle occupants and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed. The seat belt includes webbing, an anchor loop, and a fold. The anchor loop is formed at an end of the webbing affixed to a body of the webbing and adapted to pass through a belt receptacle anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of the vehicle. The fold is formed in the webbing adjacent to the anchor loop, such that a width of the webbing at the fold is less than a width of the webbing in other regions of the body.1. A seat belt assembly, comprising:
an anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of a vehicle, the anchor defining a belt receptacle; and a webbed belt, comprising:
an anchor loop formed at an end of the webbed belt, the anchor loop engaging the belt receptacle of the anchor, and
a fold formed in the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop, such that a width of the webbed belt at the fold is reduced as compared to other regions of the webbed belt. 2. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold is oriented orthogonal to the anchor loop. 3. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold includes sides of the webbed belt disposed adjacent to one another and held together. 4. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold is a pleat. 5. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold includes stitches joining portions of the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop. 6. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, further comprising a clip positioned over the fold that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together. 7. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, further comprising a fastener that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together at the fold. 8. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold includes a first side of the webbed belt, at a position adjacent to the anchor loop, being folded over a second side of the webbed belt along the width of the webbed belt, and stitches joining the first side of the webbed belt to the second side of the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop. 9. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold has a thickness that allows the webbed belt to pass adjacent to or between the one or more seat cushions while the anchor is fastened to the chassis of the vehicle. 10. A seat belt, comprising:
a webbed belt; an anchor loop formed at an end of the webbed belt and adapted to engage a belt receptacle anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of a vehicle; and a fold formed in the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop, such that a width of the webbed belt at the fold is reduced as compared to other regions of the webbed belt. 11. The seat belt of claim 10, wherein the fold is oriented orthogonal to the anchor loop. 12. The seat belt of claim 10, wherein the fold includes sides of the webbed belt disposed adjacent to one another and held together. 13. The seat belt of claim 10, wherein the fold includes stitches joining portions of the webbed belt adjacent to the anchor loop. 14. The seat belt of claim 10, further comprising a clip positioned over the fold that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together. 15. The seat belt of claim 10, further comprising a fastener that holds overlapping portions of the webbed belt together at the fold. 16. The seat belt assembly of claim 1, wherein the fold has a thickness that allows the webbed belt to pass adjacent to or between the one or more seat cushions when the belt receptacle anchor is fastened to the chassis of the vehicle. 17. A method for producing a seat belt, comprising:
providing webbed belt; forming a loop in an end of the webbed belt; and forming a fold in the webbed belt adjacent to the loop formed in the end of the webbed belt, such that a width of the webbed belt at the fold is reduced as compared to other regions of the webbed belt. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the fold is oriented orthogonal to the loop. 19. The method of claim 17, further comprising securing the fold in the webbed belt using one or more of:
stitches disposed through the webbed belt at the fold, a fastener disposed through the webbed belt at the fold, and a clip disposed over the webbed belt at the fold. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein forming the loop in the end of the webbed belt further comprises securing the loop through a belt receptacle of an anchor adapted to be fastened to a chassis of a vehicle. | 2,600 |
339,037 | 16,799,908 | 2,652 | A trocar is provided for providing access to body cavities during minimally invasive surgeries. The trocar possesses an elongate body formed of an outer tube and an inner tube, both of which are threaded. Rotating the outer tube about the inner tube permits adjustment of the length of the elongate body of the trocar. A locking collar on the trocar is used to maintain the elongate body at the desired length. | 1. A trocar, comprising:
an elongate body having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the elongate body formed of an inner tube and an outer tube; a seal assembly at the proximal portion of the elongate body; and a locking collar at the proximal portion of the elongate body, wherein the inner tube moves within the outer tube to adjust a length of the elongate body. 2. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the inner tube of the elongate body has an outer surface possessing a threaded configuration, and the outer tube of the elongate body has an inner surface possessing a threaded configuration. 3. The trocar of claim 2, wherein the threaded configuration of the outer tube is female threading, and the threaded configuration of the inner tube is male threading. 4. The trocar of claim 2, wherein the length of the elongate body is adjusted by rotating the outer tube about the inner tube. 5. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the locking collar is closed when the elongate body is a desired length. 6. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the locking collar is present at a proximal portion of the outer tube. 7. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the locking collar possesses a circular body and a C-shaped body joined by a pin. 8. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is adhered to the proximal portion of the outer tube by adhesives, soldering, riveting, or combinations thereof. 9. The trocar of claim 8, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is riveted to the proximal portion of the outer tube. 10. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the proximal portion of the outer tube has a gap therein, which permits the proximal portion of the outer tube to flex and compress the inner tube when the locking collar is closed. 11. A trocar, comprising:
an elongate body having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the elongate body formed of an inner tube possessing a threaded configuration and an outer tube possessing a threaded configuration; a seal assembly at the proximal portion of the elongate body; and a locking collar at the proximal portion of the elongate body, wherein the inner tube moves within the outer tube to adjust the length of the elongate body, and wherein the locking collar is closed when the elongate body is a desired length. 12. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the threaded configuration of the outer tube is female threading, and the threaded configuration of the inner tube is male threading. 13. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the length of the elongate body is adjusted by rotating the outer tube about the inner tube. 14. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the locking collar is present at a proximal portion of the outer tube. 15. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the locking collar possesses a circular body and a C-shaped body joined by a pin. 16. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is adhered to the proximal portion of the outer tube by adhesives, soldering, riveting, or combinations thereof. 17. The trocar of claim 16, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is riveted to the proximal portion of the outer tube. 18. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the proximal portion of the outer tube has a gap therein, which permits the proximal portion of the outer tube to flex and compress the inner tube when the locking collar is closed. | A trocar is provided for providing access to body cavities during minimally invasive surgeries. The trocar possesses an elongate body formed of an outer tube and an inner tube, both of which are threaded. Rotating the outer tube about the inner tube permits adjustment of the length of the elongate body of the trocar. A locking collar on the trocar is used to maintain the elongate body at the desired length.1. A trocar, comprising:
an elongate body having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the elongate body formed of an inner tube and an outer tube; a seal assembly at the proximal portion of the elongate body; and a locking collar at the proximal portion of the elongate body, wherein the inner tube moves within the outer tube to adjust a length of the elongate body. 2. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the inner tube of the elongate body has an outer surface possessing a threaded configuration, and the outer tube of the elongate body has an inner surface possessing a threaded configuration. 3. The trocar of claim 2, wherein the threaded configuration of the outer tube is female threading, and the threaded configuration of the inner tube is male threading. 4. The trocar of claim 2, wherein the length of the elongate body is adjusted by rotating the outer tube about the inner tube. 5. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the locking collar is closed when the elongate body is a desired length. 6. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the locking collar is present at a proximal portion of the outer tube. 7. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the locking collar possesses a circular body and a C-shaped body joined by a pin. 8. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is adhered to the proximal portion of the outer tube by adhesives, soldering, riveting, or combinations thereof. 9. The trocar of claim 8, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is riveted to the proximal portion of the outer tube. 10. The trocar of claim 1, wherein the proximal portion of the outer tube has a gap therein, which permits the proximal portion of the outer tube to flex and compress the inner tube when the locking collar is closed. 11. A trocar, comprising:
an elongate body having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the elongate body formed of an inner tube possessing a threaded configuration and an outer tube possessing a threaded configuration; a seal assembly at the proximal portion of the elongate body; and a locking collar at the proximal portion of the elongate body, wherein the inner tube moves within the outer tube to adjust the length of the elongate body, and wherein the locking collar is closed when the elongate body is a desired length. 12. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the threaded configuration of the outer tube is female threading, and the threaded configuration of the inner tube is male threading. 13. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the length of the elongate body is adjusted by rotating the outer tube about the inner tube. 14. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the locking collar is present at a proximal portion of the outer tube. 15. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the locking collar possesses a circular body and a C-shaped body joined by a pin. 16. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is adhered to the proximal portion of the outer tube by adhesives, soldering, riveting, or combinations thereof. 17. The trocar of claim 16, wherein the circular body of the locking collar is riveted to the proximal portion of the outer tube. 18. The trocar of claim 11, wherein the proximal portion of the outer tube has a gap therein, which permits the proximal portion of the outer tube to flex and compress the inner tube when the locking collar is closed. | 2,600 |
339,038 | 16,799,933 | 2,652 | A method for forming an assembly having a housing and first and second components. The first and second components are movable relative to one another in the housing. The method includes: providing first and second workpieces; moving the first and second workpieces relative to one another in a predetermined manner that produces relative sliding contact between the first and second workpieces while performing a superfinishing operation on the first and second workpieces to form the first and second components, respectively, wherein the superfinishing operation does not comprise a lapping operation; and mounting the first and second components in the housing such that the first and second components are engaged to one another and are movable relative to one another in the predetermined manner. | 1. A method for forming an assembly having a housing and first and second components, the first and second components being movable relative to one another in the housing, the method comprising:
mounting a first workpiece for rotation about a first axis; mounting a second workpiece in meshing engagement with the first workpiece and for rotation about a second axis; rotating the first workpiece about the first axis to drive the second workpiece about the second axis to produce relative sliding motion between the first and second workpieces; performing a superfinishing operation on the first and second workpieces while producing relative sliding motion between the first and second workpieces to form the first and second components, respectively, wherein the superfinishing operation does not comprise a lapping operation; and mounting the first and second components in the housing such that the first and second components are meshingly engaged to one another and are rotatable relative to the housing about the first and second axes, respectively; wherein a non-abrasive fluid is employed in the superfinishing operation; and wherein the superfinishing operation comprises chemical polishing, electro-polishing, chemically-accelerated surface finishing with tribochemical film deposition and combinations thereof. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein one of the first and second components is a ring gear and the other one of the first and second components is a pinion gear. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the ring gear and the pinion gear are spiral bevel gears. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the assembly is a power take-off unit or an axle assembly. | A method for forming an assembly having a housing and first and second components. The first and second components are movable relative to one another in the housing. The method includes: providing first and second workpieces; moving the first and second workpieces relative to one another in a predetermined manner that produces relative sliding contact between the first and second workpieces while performing a superfinishing operation on the first and second workpieces to form the first and second components, respectively, wherein the superfinishing operation does not comprise a lapping operation; and mounting the first and second components in the housing such that the first and second components are engaged to one another and are movable relative to one another in the predetermined manner.1. A method for forming an assembly having a housing and first and second components, the first and second components being movable relative to one another in the housing, the method comprising:
mounting a first workpiece for rotation about a first axis; mounting a second workpiece in meshing engagement with the first workpiece and for rotation about a second axis; rotating the first workpiece about the first axis to drive the second workpiece about the second axis to produce relative sliding motion between the first and second workpieces; performing a superfinishing operation on the first and second workpieces while producing relative sliding motion between the first and second workpieces to form the first and second components, respectively, wherein the superfinishing operation does not comprise a lapping operation; and mounting the first and second components in the housing such that the first and second components are meshingly engaged to one another and are rotatable relative to the housing about the first and second axes, respectively; wherein a non-abrasive fluid is employed in the superfinishing operation; and wherein the superfinishing operation comprises chemical polishing, electro-polishing, chemically-accelerated surface finishing with tribochemical film deposition and combinations thereof. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein one of the first and second components is a ring gear and the other one of the first and second components is a pinion gear. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the ring gear and the pinion gear are spiral bevel gears. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the assembly is a power take-off unit or an axle assembly. | 2,600 |
339,039 | 16,799,926 | 2,652 | What is provided is a method and apparatus wherein a swivel can be detachably connected to an annular blowout preventer thereby separating the drilling fluid or mud into upper and lower sections and allowing the fluid to be displaced in two stages, such as while the drill string is being rotated and/or reciprocated. In one embodiment the sleeve or housing can be rotatably and sealably connected to a mandrel. The swivel can be incorporated into a drill or well string and enabling string sections both above and below the sleeve to be rotated in relation to the sleeve. In one embodiment the drill or well string does not move in a longitudinal direction relative to the swivel. In one embodiment, the drill or well string does move longitudinally relative to the sleeve or housing of the swivel. | 1-30. (canceled) 31. A method of using a reciprocating swivel in a drill or work string, the method comprising the following steps:
(a) lowering a rotating and reciprocating swivel tool to a BOP, the swivel tool comprising a mandrel and a sleeve, the sleeve being reciprocable relative to the mandrel and the swivel tool including a quick lock/quick unlock system which has locked and unlocked states, the swivel tool including an interstitial space between the sleeve and the mandrel, the interstitial space having an interstitial pressure relief mode and an interstitial non-pressure relief mode, the swivel tool being reversibly switchable between pressure relief and non-pressure relief modes; (b) after step “a”, having the BOP close on the sleeve; (c) causing relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the mandrel and activating the quick lock/quick unlock system to cause the quick lock/quick unlock to change from an unlocked to a locked state. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein in step “a”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein, after step “b” and before step “c”, the sleeve is unlocked longitudinally relative to the mandrel. 34. The method of claim 31, wherein, after step “c”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 35. The method of claim 31, wherein during step “c” operations are performed in the wellbore. 36. The method of claim 31, wherein after step “c” operations are performed in the wellbore. 37. The method of claim 31, wherein after step “c” the swivel tool is fluidly connected to a string having a bore and fluid is pumped through at least part of the string's bore. 38. The method of claim 31, wherein the quick lock/quick unlock system is radially aligned before being activated and in a locked state. 39. The method of claim 31, wherein the quick lock/quick unlock system can rotate relative to the sleeve when activated and in a locked state. 40. The method of claim 31, wherein the sleeve includes at least one catch for restricting relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the BOP when the BOP is sealed on the sleeve. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the sleeve includes two catches spaced apart on the longitudinal ends of the sleeve. 42. The method of claim 40, wherein the at least one catch includes a detachable attachment, the detachable attachment being configured to mate with the BOP. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein the detachable attachment includes two pieces which are detachably connectable to the sleeve. 44. The method of claim 42, wherein a plurality of detachable attachments are includes for allowing the catch to fit a plurality of B OPs, the BOPs being manufactured by a plurality of manufacturers. 45. A method of using a reciprocating swivel in a drill or work string, the method comprising the following steps:
(a) lowering a rotating and reciprocating swivel tool to a BOP, the swivel tool comprising a mandrel and a sleeve, the sleeve being reciprocable relative to the mandrel and the swivel tool including a quick lock/quick unlock system which has locked and unlocked states; (b) after step “a”, having the BOP close on the sleeve; and causing relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the mandrel and causing the quick lock/quick unlock system to change from an unlocked state to a locked state; (c) after step “b”, moving the sleeve outside of the BOP; (d) after step “c”, moving the sleeve inside of the BOP and having the BOP close on the sleeve; and (e) causing relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the mandrel and activating the quick lock/quick unlock system. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein in step “a”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 47. The method of claim 45, wherein, after step “b”, the sleeve is unlocked longitudinally relative to the mandrel. 48. The method of claim 45, wherein, after step “c”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 49. The method of claim 45, wherein during step “c” operations are performed in the wellbore. | What is provided is a method and apparatus wherein a swivel can be detachably connected to an annular blowout preventer thereby separating the drilling fluid or mud into upper and lower sections and allowing the fluid to be displaced in two stages, such as while the drill string is being rotated and/or reciprocated. In one embodiment the sleeve or housing can be rotatably and sealably connected to a mandrel. The swivel can be incorporated into a drill or well string and enabling string sections both above and below the sleeve to be rotated in relation to the sleeve. In one embodiment the drill or well string does not move in a longitudinal direction relative to the swivel. In one embodiment, the drill or well string does move longitudinally relative to the sleeve or housing of the swivel.1-30. (canceled) 31. A method of using a reciprocating swivel in a drill or work string, the method comprising the following steps:
(a) lowering a rotating and reciprocating swivel tool to a BOP, the swivel tool comprising a mandrel and a sleeve, the sleeve being reciprocable relative to the mandrel and the swivel tool including a quick lock/quick unlock system which has locked and unlocked states, the swivel tool including an interstitial space between the sleeve and the mandrel, the interstitial space having an interstitial pressure relief mode and an interstitial non-pressure relief mode, the swivel tool being reversibly switchable between pressure relief and non-pressure relief modes; (b) after step “a”, having the BOP close on the sleeve; (c) causing relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the mandrel and activating the quick lock/quick unlock system to cause the quick lock/quick unlock to change from an unlocked to a locked state. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein in step “a”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein, after step “b” and before step “c”, the sleeve is unlocked longitudinally relative to the mandrel. 34. The method of claim 31, wherein, after step “c”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 35. The method of claim 31, wherein during step “c” operations are performed in the wellbore. 36. The method of claim 31, wherein after step “c” operations are performed in the wellbore. 37. The method of claim 31, wherein after step “c” the swivel tool is fluidly connected to a string having a bore and fluid is pumped through at least part of the string's bore. 38. The method of claim 31, wherein the quick lock/quick unlock system is radially aligned before being activated and in a locked state. 39. The method of claim 31, wherein the quick lock/quick unlock system can rotate relative to the sleeve when activated and in a locked state. 40. The method of claim 31, wherein the sleeve includes at least one catch for restricting relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the BOP when the BOP is sealed on the sleeve. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the sleeve includes two catches spaced apart on the longitudinal ends of the sleeve. 42. The method of claim 40, wherein the at least one catch includes a detachable attachment, the detachable attachment being configured to mate with the BOP. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein the detachable attachment includes two pieces which are detachably connectable to the sleeve. 44. The method of claim 42, wherein a plurality of detachable attachments are includes for allowing the catch to fit a plurality of B OPs, the BOPs being manufactured by a plurality of manufacturers. 45. A method of using a reciprocating swivel in a drill or work string, the method comprising the following steps:
(a) lowering a rotating and reciprocating swivel tool to a BOP, the swivel tool comprising a mandrel and a sleeve, the sleeve being reciprocable relative to the mandrel and the swivel tool including a quick lock/quick unlock system which has locked and unlocked states; (b) after step “a”, having the BOP close on the sleeve; and causing relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the mandrel and causing the quick lock/quick unlock system to change from an unlocked state to a locked state; (c) after step “b”, moving the sleeve outside of the BOP; (d) after step “c”, moving the sleeve inside of the BOP and having the BOP close on the sleeve; and (e) causing relative longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the mandrel and activating the quick lock/quick unlock system. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein in step “a”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 47. The method of claim 45, wherein, after step “b”, the sleeve is unlocked longitudinally relative to the mandrel. 48. The method of claim 45, wherein, after step “c”, the sleeve is longitudinally locked relative to the mandrel. 49. The method of claim 45, wherein during step “c” operations are performed in the wellbore. | 2,600 |
339,040 | 16,799,920 | 2,652 | An aircraft control system 100 operably connected to a landing gear and a landing gear bay door of an aircraft 400. The system includes: a user interface 10 to receive manual inputs of first and second requests and a landing gear controller 20 configured to: receive a first indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the first request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear bay door from a closed position to an open position on the basis of the first indication without initiating movement of the landing gear between an extended position and a retracted position; and receive a second indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the second request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position on the basis of the second indication. | 1. An aircraft control system configured to be operably connected to at least one landing gear and at least one landing gear bay door of an aircraft, wherein the aircraft control system comprises:
a user interface operable by a user to manually input first and second requests; and a landing gear controller communicatively coupled to the user interface and configured to:
receive, from the user interface, a first indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the first request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear bay door from a closed position to an open position on the basis of the first indication without initiating movement of the landing gear between an extended position and a retracted position; and
receive, from the user interface, a second indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the second request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position on the basis of the second indication. 2. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to initiate movement of the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position on the basis of the second indication. 3. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the aircraft control system is configured to determine when the aircraft is off the ground. 4. The aircraft control system according to claim 3, wherein the user interface is operable to manually input the second request only when the aircraft control system has determined that the aircraft is off the ground. 5. The aircraft control system according to claim 3, wherein the user interface is operable to manually input the first request only when the aircraft control system has determined that the aircraft is off the ground. 6. The aircraft control system according to claim 3, wherein the aircraft control system being configured to determine when the aircraft is off the ground comprises the landing gear controller being configured to receive a signal indicative of the aircraft being off the ground and to determine that the aircraft is off the ground on the basis of the signal. 7. The aircraft control system according to claim 6, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to control the user interface so that the user interface is operable by a user to manually input the first request only when the landing gear controller has determined that the aircraft has a first predetermined status. 8. The aircraft control system according to claim 7, wherein the first predetermined status comprises one or more of:
the aircraft travelling at greater than a predetermined groundspeed, the aircraft being at greater than a predetermined angle of rotation, the aircraft being off the ground, and the aircraft having a positive rate of climb. 9. The aircraft control system according to claim 6, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to control the user interface so that the user interface is operable by a user to manually input the second request only when the landing gear controller has determined that the aircraft has a second predetermined status. 10. The aircraft control system according to claim 9, wherein the second predetermined status comprises one or more of:
the aircraft travelling at greater than a predetermined groundspeed, the aircraft being at greater than a predetermined angle of rotation, the aircraft being off the ground, and the aircraft having a positive rate of climb. 11. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the user interface is mechanically changeable by the user, the first request comprises the user mechanically changing the user interface from a first state to a second state, and the second request comprises the user mechanically changing the user interface from the second state to a third state. 12. The aircraft control system according to claim 11, wherein the user interface comprises a user-movable device, and wherein the first, second and third states are first, second and third positions, respectively, of the user-movable device. 13. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to initiate movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position and then to initiate movement of the landing gear bay door from the open position to the closed position, on the basis of the second indication. 14. A method of operating a landing gear controller of an aircraft, the method comprising:
receiving, from a user interface, a first indication indicative of user-input of a request to open a landing gear bay door; causing the landing gear bay door to move from a closed position to an open position on the basis of the first indication; receiving, from the user interface, a second indication indicative of user-input of a request to move a landing gear; and causing the landing gear to move between an extended position and a retracted position on the basis of the second indication. 15. A landing gear control system comprising:
one or more landing gear bay door actuators for moving a landing gear bay door from a closed position to an open position, wherein the landing gear bay door at least partially covers a landing gear bay when in the closed position; one or more landing gear actuators for moving a landing gear between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein the landing gear is at least partially positioned in the landing gear bay when in the retracted position; a cockpit flight control via which a user is able to generate a first command to move the landing gear bay door from the closed position to the open position, and a second command to move the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position; and a landing gear controller for receiving the first and second commands from the cockpit flight control, and configured to:
cause the one or more landing gear bay door actuators to move the landing gear bay door from the closed position to the open position without also causing the one or more landing gear actuators to move the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position, in dependence on the first command; and
cause the one or more landing gear actuators to move the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position, in dependence on the second command. | An aircraft control system 100 operably connected to a landing gear and a landing gear bay door of an aircraft 400. The system includes: a user interface 10 to receive manual inputs of first and second requests and a landing gear controller 20 configured to: receive a first indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the first request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear bay door from a closed position to an open position on the basis of the first indication without initiating movement of the landing gear between an extended position and a retracted position; and receive a second indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the second request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position on the basis of the second indication.1. An aircraft control system configured to be operably connected to at least one landing gear and at least one landing gear bay door of an aircraft, wherein the aircraft control system comprises:
a user interface operable by a user to manually input first and second requests; and a landing gear controller communicatively coupled to the user interface and configured to:
receive, from the user interface, a first indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the first request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear bay door from a closed position to an open position on the basis of the first indication without initiating movement of the landing gear between an extended position and a retracted position; and
receive, from the user interface, a second indication indicative of user-operation of the user interface to input the second request, and to initiate movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position on the basis of the second indication. 2. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to initiate movement of the landing gear from the extended position to the retracted position on the basis of the second indication. 3. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the aircraft control system is configured to determine when the aircraft is off the ground. 4. The aircraft control system according to claim 3, wherein the user interface is operable to manually input the second request only when the aircraft control system has determined that the aircraft is off the ground. 5. The aircraft control system according to claim 3, wherein the user interface is operable to manually input the first request only when the aircraft control system has determined that the aircraft is off the ground. 6. The aircraft control system according to claim 3, wherein the aircraft control system being configured to determine when the aircraft is off the ground comprises the landing gear controller being configured to receive a signal indicative of the aircraft being off the ground and to determine that the aircraft is off the ground on the basis of the signal. 7. The aircraft control system according to claim 6, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to control the user interface so that the user interface is operable by a user to manually input the first request only when the landing gear controller has determined that the aircraft has a first predetermined status. 8. The aircraft control system according to claim 7, wherein the first predetermined status comprises one or more of:
the aircraft travelling at greater than a predetermined groundspeed, the aircraft being at greater than a predetermined angle of rotation, the aircraft being off the ground, and the aircraft having a positive rate of climb. 9. The aircraft control system according to claim 6, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to control the user interface so that the user interface is operable by a user to manually input the second request only when the landing gear controller has determined that the aircraft has a second predetermined status. 10. The aircraft control system according to claim 9, wherein the second predetermined status comprises one or more of:
the aircraft travelling at greater than a predetermined groundspeed, the aircraft being at greater than a predetermined angle of rotation, the aircraft being off the ground, and the aircraft having a positive rate of climb. 11. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the user interface is mechanically changeable by the user, the first request comprises the user mechanically changing the user interface from a first state to a second state, and the second request comprises the user mechanically changing the user interface from the second state to a third state. 12. The aircraft control system according to claim 11, wherein the user interface comprises a user-movable device, and wherein the first, second and third states are first, second and third positions, respectively, of the user-movable device. 13. The aircraft control system according to claim 1, wherein the landing gear controller is configured to initiate movement of the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position and then to initiate movement of the landing gear bay door from the open position to the closed position, on the basis of the second indication. 14. A method of operating a landing gear controller of an aircraft, the method comprising:
receiving, from a user interface, a first indication indicative of user-input of a request to open a landing gear bay door; causing the landing gear bay door to move from a closed position to an open position on the basis of the first indication; receiving, from the user interface, a second indication indicative of user-input of a request to move a landing gear; and causing the landing gear to move between an extended position and a retracted position on the basis of the second indication. 15. A landing gear control system comprising:
one or more landing gear bay door actuators for moving a landing gear bay door from a closed position to an open position, wherein the landing gear bay door at least partially covers a landing gear bay when in the closed position; one or more landing gear actuators for moving a landing gear between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein the landing gear is at least partially positioned in the landing gear bay when in the retracted position; a cockpit flight control via which a user is able to generate a first command to move the landing gear bay door from the closed position to the open position, and a second command to move the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position; and a landing gear controller for receiving the first and second commands from the cockpit flight control, and configured to:
cause the one or more landing gear bay door actuators to move the landing gear bay door from the closed position to the open position without also causing the one or more landing gear actuators to move the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position, in dependence on the first command; and
cause the one or more landing gear actuators to move the landing gear between the extended position and the retracted position, in dependence on the second command. | 2,600 |
339,041 | 16,799,915 | 2,652 | The present disclosure is related to systems and methods for motion signal recalibration. The method includes obtaining a motion signal of a subject based on positron emission tomography (PET) data of the subject. The motion signal may represent a plurality of motion cycles. The method includes determining a distribution of the motion cycles. The distribution of the motion cycles may indicate a probability that each motion cycle of the plurality of motion cycles corresponds to an actual motion cycle. The method includes correcting the motion cycles of the motion signal based on the distribution of the motion cycles to obtain corrected motion cycles. The method includes reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the corrected motion cycles. | 1. A method for motion signal recalibration, implemented on a computing device having one or more processors and one or more storage devices, the method comprising:
obtaining a motion signal of a subject based on positron emission tomography (PET) data of the subject, wherein the motion signal represents a plurality of motion cycles; determining a distribution of the motion cycles, wherein the distribution of the motion cycles indicates a probability that each motion cycle of the plurality of motion cycles corresponds to an actual motion cycle; correcting the motion cycles of the motion signal based on the distribution of the motion cycles to obtain corrected motion cycles; and reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the corrected motion cycles. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the motion signal includes a respiratory signal including a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, and the motion cycles are respiratory cycles, wherein a respiratory cycle includes a duration between adjacent peaks or a duration between adjacent valleys, and a half respiratory cycle includes a duration between a peak and a corresponding valley,
wherein determining a distribution of the motion cycles comprises:
determining a plurality of respiratory cycles based on the respiratory signal;
determining a first distribution of the respiratory cycles based on the plurality of respiratory cycles, wherein the first distribution includes at least one of an average respiratory cycle, a variance of the respiratory cycles, or a skewness of the first distribution; or
determining a plurality of half respiratory cycles based on the respiratory signal; and
determining a second distribution of the half respiratory cycles based on the plurality of half respiratory cycles, wherein the second distribution includes at least one of an average half respiratory cycle, a variance of the half respiratory cycles, or a skewness of the second distribution. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
determining the first distribution of the respiratory cycles based on the plurality of respiratory cycles comprises:
performing a first model fitting on the plurality of respiratory cycles to generate a first model fitting curve; and
determining the second distribution of the half respiratory cycles based on the plurality of half respiratory cycles comprises:
performing a second model fitting on the plurality of half respiratory cycles to generate a second model fitting curve. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein at least one of the first model fitting or the second model fitting is performed based on at least one of a Gaussian model or a pre-determined model based on population. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein correcting the motion cycles of the motion signals based on the distribution of the motion cycles comprises:
for each peak of the plurality of peaks of the respiratory signal, determining a first duration between the peak and a corresponding valley, a second duration between the peak and a next peak, and a third duration between the peak and a valley next to the corresponding valley; determining a probability that each of the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration corresponds to an actual respiratory cycle based on at least one of the first distribution of the respiratory cycles or the second distribution of the half respiratory cycles; determining the first duration, the second duration, or the third duration that has a maximum probability as the duration corresponding to the actual respiratory cycle; and correcting the respiratory cycles of the respiratory signal based on the duration corresponding to the actual respiratory cycle. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining motion signal associated with a subject based on PET data of the subject comprises:
obtaining the PET data associated with the subject; determining a volume of interest (VOI) based on the PET data; and determining the motion signal based on the VOI and the PET data. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the motion signal includes amplitude information, and reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the corrected motion cycles comprises:
correcting the amplitude information of the motion signal; determining a target motion signal based on the corrected motion cycle and the corrected amplitude information of the motion signal; and reconstructing the PET image by gating, based on the target motion signal, the PET data. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein correcting the amplitude information of the motion signal comprises:
determining an envelope of the motion signal, wherein the envelope of the motion signal includes a high frequency component and a low frequency component; processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component to obtain a processed envelope of the motion signal; and correcting the amplitude information of the motion signal based on the processed envelope of the motion signal. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein an amplitude change rate of the high frequency component is less than a threshold, and an amplitude change rate of the low frequency component is greater than the threshold. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the threshold is 20 seconds. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the envelope of the motion signal is determined by performing at least one of a Hilbert transformation or a moving-maximum operation on the motion signal. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
obtaining the low frequency component by performing a moving average filter on the envelope of the motion signal; and reducing the low frequency component from the envelope of the motion signal. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
performing a high-pass filter on the envelope of the motion signal. 14. A method for motion signal recalibration, implemented on a computing device having one or more processors and one or more storage devices, the method comprising:
obtaining a motion signal associated with a subject based on PET data of the subject; determining an envelope of the motion signal, wherein the envelope of the motion signal includes a high frequency component and a low frequency component; processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component to obtain a processed envelope of the motion signal; and determining a target motion signal by correcting, based on the processed envelope, amplitude information of the motion signal. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the target motion signal. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein an amplitude change rate of the high frequency component is less than a threshold, and an amplitude change rate of the low frequency component is greater than the threshold. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the threshold is 20 seconds. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the envelope of the motion signal is determined by performing a Hilbert transformation on the motion signal. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
obtaining the low frequency component by performing a moving average filter on the envelope of the motion signal; and reducing the low frequency component from the envelope of the motion signal. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
performing a high-pass filter on the envelope of the motion signal. | The present disclosure is related to systems and methods for motion signal recalibration. The method includes obtaining a motion signal of a subject based on positron emission tomography (PET) data of the subject. The motion signal may represent a plurality of motion cycles. The method includes determining a distribution of the motion cycles. The distribution of the motion cycles may indicate a probability that each motion cycle of the plurality of motion cycles corresponds to an actual motion cycle. The method includes correcting the motion cycles of the motion signal based on the distribution of the motion cycles to obtain corrected motion cycles. The method includes reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the corrected motion cycles.1. A method for motion signal recalibration, implemented on a computing device having one or more processors and one or more storage devices, the method comprising:
obtaining a motion signal of a subject based on positron emission tomography (PET) data of the subject, wherein the motion signal represents a plurality of motion cycles; determining a distribution of the motion cycles, wherein the distribution of the motion cycles indicates a probability that each motion cycle of the plurality of motion cycles corresponds to an actual motion cycle; correcting the motion cycles of the motion signal based on the distribution of the motion cycles to obtain corrected motion cycles; and reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the corrected motion cycles. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the motion signal includes a respiratory signal including a plurality of peaks and a plurality of valleys, and the motion cycles are respiratory cycles, wherein a respiratory cycle includes a duration between adjacent peaks or a duration between adjacent valleys, and a half respiratory cycle includes a duration between a peak and a corresponding valley,
wherein determining a distribution of the motion cycles comprises:
determining a plurality of respiratory cycles based on the respiratory signal;
determining a first distribution of the respiratory cycles based on the plurality of respiratory cycles, wherein the first distribution includes at least one of an average respiratory cycle, a variance of the respiratory cycles, or a skewness of the first distribution; or
determining a plurality of half respiratory cycles based on the respiratory signal; and
determining a second distribution of the half respiratory cycles based on the plurality of half respiratory cycles, wherein the second distribution includes at least one of an average half respiratory cycle, a variance of the half respiratory cycles, or a skewness of the second distribution. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein:
determining the first distribution of the respiratory cycles based on the plurality of respiratory cycles comprises:
performing a first model fitting on the plurality of respiratory cycles to generate a first model fitting curve; and
determining the second distribution of the half respiratory cycles based on the plurality of half respiratory cycles comprises:
performing a second model fitting on the plurality of half respiratory cycles to generate a second model fitting curve. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein at least one of the first model fitting or the second model fitting is performed based on at least one of a Gaussian model or a pre-determined model based on population. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein correcting the motion cycles of the motion signals based on the distribution of the motion cycles comprises:
for each peak of the plurality of peaks of the respiratory signal, determining a first duration between the peak and a corresponding valley, a second duration between the peak and a next peak, and a third duration between the peak and a valley next to the corresponding valley; determining a probability that each of the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration corresponds to an actual respiratory cycle based on at least one of the first distribution of the respiratory cycles or the second distribution of the half respiratory cycles; determining the first duration, the second duration, or the third duration that has a maximum probability as the duration corresponding to the actual respiratory cycle; and correcting the respiratory cycles of the respiratory signal based on the duration corresponding to the actual respiratory cycle. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining motion signal associated with a subject based on PET data of the subject comprises:
obtaining the PET data associated with the subject; determining a volume of interest (VOI) based on the PET data; and determining the motion signal based on the VOI and the PET data. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the motion signal includes amplitude information, and reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the corrected motion cycles comprises:
correcting the amplitude information of the motion signal; determining a target motion signal based on the corrected motion cycle and the corrected amplitude information of the motion signal; and reconstructing the PET image by gating, based on the target motion signal, the PET data. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein correcting the amplitude information of the motion signal comprises:
determining an envelope of the motion signal, wherein the envelope of the motion signal includes a high frequency component and a low frequency component; processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component to obtain a processed envelope of the motion signal; and correcting the amplitude information of the motion signal based on the processed envelope of the motion signal. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein an amplitude change rate of the high frequency component is less than a threshold, and an amplitude change rate of the low frequency component is greater than the threshold. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the threshold is 20 seconds. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the envelope of the motion signal is determined by performing at least one of a Hilbert transformation or a moving-maximum operation on the motion signal. 12. The method of claim 8, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
obtaining the low frequency component by performing a moving average filter on the envelope of the motion signal; and reducing the low frequency component from the envelope of the motion signal. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
performing a high-pass filter on the envelope of the motion signal. 14. A method for motion signal recalibration, implemented on a computing device having one or more processors and one or more storage devices, the method comprising:
obtaining a motion signal associated with a subject based on PET data of the subject; determining an envelope of the motion signal, wherein the envelope of the motion signal includes a high frequency component and a low frequency component; processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component to obtain a processed envelope of the motion signal; and determining a target motion signal by correcting, based on the processed envelope, amplitude information of the motion signal. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
reconstructing a PET image by gating the PET data based on the target motion signal. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein an amplitude change rate of the high frequency component is less than a threshold, and an amplitude change rate of the low frequency component is greater than the threshold. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the threshold is 20 seconds. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein the envelope of the motion signal is determined by performing a Hilbert transformation on the motion signal. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
obtaining the low frequency component by performing a moving average filter on the envelope of the motion signal; and reducing the low frequency component from the envelope of the motion signal. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein processing the envelope of the motion signal by reducing the low frequency component comprises:
performing a high-pass filter on the envelope of the motion signal. | 2,600 |
339,042 | 16,799,897 | 2,652 | A level sensing controller includes a signal generator circuit to generate an excitation signal. The controller also includes a connection to route an inverse of the excitation signal to a first polar electrode of a first capacitor. The first polar electrode is coupled to a container to hold liquid. The controller also includes a connection to route the excitation signal to a second polar electrode of a second capacitor. The second positive polar electrode is coupled to the container. The controller also includes a connection to a sense electrode to form the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and to form the second capacitor with the second polar electrode. The controller also includes a measurement circuit configured to measure charge at sensing electrode and determine, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode. | 1. A level sensing controller, comprising:
a signal generator circuit configured to generate an excitation signal; a first connection configured to route an inverse of the excitation signal to a first polar electrode of a first capacitor, the first polar electrode coupled to a container configured to hold liquid; a second connection configured to route the excitation signal to a second polar electrode of a second capacitor, the second positive polar electrode coupled to the container; a third connection to a sense electrode, the sense electrode configured to form the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and to form the second capacitor with the second polar electrode; and a measurement circuit configured to measure charge at the third connection and determine, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode; wherein a polarity of the first polar electrode is opposite a polarity of the second polar electrode. 2. The level sensing controller of claim 1, wherein the charge at the third connection represents relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor. 3. The level sensing controller of claim 1, wherein the measurement circuit is configured to determine that liquid in the container has reached the level of the first polar electrode based on a change in relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor based on the charge at the third connection. 4. The level sensing controller of claim 1, further comprising a fourth connection to a third polar electrode of a third capacitor, the third polar electrode coupled to the container, wherein:
the second connection is further configured to:
route the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
the fourth connection is configured to:
route the excitation signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode. 5. The level sensing controller of claim 4, wherein the sense electrode is further configured to form the third capacitor with the third polar electrode. 6. The level sensing controller of claim 4, wherein the first polar electrode is coupled to the container outside of a possible range of the liquid. 7. A method for sensing a level, comprising:
generating an excitation signal; at a first connection, routing an inverse of the excitation signal to a first polar electrode of a first capacitor, the first polar electrode coupled to a container configured to hold liquid; at a second connection, routing the excitation signal to a second polar electrode of a second capacitor, the second positive polar electrode coupled to the container; at a third connection to a sense electrode, forming the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and the sense electrode; forming the second capacitor with the second polar electrode and the sense electrode; measuring charge at the third connection; and determining, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode; wherein a polarity of the first polar electrode is opposite a polarity of the second polar electrode. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the charge at the third connection represents relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising determining that liquid in the container has reached the level of the first polar electrode based on a change in relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor based on the charge at the third connection. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
through a fourth connection to a third polar electrode of a third capacitor, coupling the third polar electrode to the container; through the second connection:
routing the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode; and
routing a ground signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
through the fourth connection;
routing the excitation signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
routing a ground signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising forming the third capacitor with the sense electrode and the third polar electrode. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising providing the first polar electrode by coupling the first polar electrode to the container outside of a possible range of the liquid. 13. A system, comprising:
an electrode assembly, comprising a sensing electrode, a first polar electrode of a first capacitor, and a second polar electrode of a second capacitor, the electrode assembly coupled to a container configured to hold liquid; a signal generator circuit configured to generate an excitation signal; a first connection configured to route an inverse of the excitation signal to the first polar electrode of the first capacitor; a second connection configured to route the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor; a third connection to the sense electrode, the sense electrode configured to form the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and to form the second capacitor with the second polar electrode; and a measurement circuit configured to measure charge at the third connection and determine, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode; wherein a polarity of the first polar electrode is opposite a polarity of the second polar electrode. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the charge at the third connection represents relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the measurement circuit is configured to determine that liquid in the container has reached the level of the first polar electrode based on a change in relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor based on the charge at the third connection. 16. The system of claim 1, further comprising a fourth connection to a third polar electrode of a third capacitor, the third polar electrode included in the electrode assembly, wherein:
the second connection is further configured to:
route the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
the fourth connection is configured to:
route the excitation signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the sense electrode is further configured to form the third capacitor with the third polar electrode. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the first polar electrode is coupled to the container outside of a possible range of the liquid. | A level sensing controller includes a signal generator circuit to generate an excitation signal. The controller also includes a connection to route an inverse of the excitation signal to a first polar electrode of a first capacitor. The first polar electrode is coupled to a container to hold liquid. The controller also includes a connection to route the excitation signal to a second polar electrode of a second capacitor. The second positive polar electrode is coupled to the container. The controller also includes a connection to a sense electrode to form the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and to form the second capacitor with the second polar electrode. The controller also includes a measurement circuit configured to measure charge at sensing electrode and determine, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode.1. A level sensing controller, comprising:
a signal generator circuit configured to generate an excitation signal; a first connection configured to route an inverse of the excitation signal to a first polar electrode of a first capacitor, the first polar electrode coupled to a container configured to hold liquid; a second connection configured to route the excitation signal to a second polar electrode of a second capacitor, the second positive polar electrode coupled to the container; a third connection to a sense electrode, the sense electrode configured to form the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and to form the second capacitor with the second polar electrode; and a measurement circuit configured to measure charge at the third connection and determine, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode; wherein a polarity of the first polar electrode is opposite a polarity of the second polar electrode. 2. The level sensing controller of claim 1, wherein the charge at the third connection represents relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor. 3. The level sensing controller of claim 1, wherein the measurement circuit is configured to determine that liquid in the container has reached the level of the first polar electrode based on a change in relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor based on the charge at the third connection. 4. The level sensing controller of claim 1, further comprising a fourth connection to a third polar electrode of a third capacitor, the third polar electrode coupled to the container, wherein:
the second connection is further configured to:
route the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
the fourth connection is configured to:
route the excitation signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode. 5. The level sensing controller of claim 4, wherein the sense electrode is further configured to form the third capacitor with the third polar electrode. 6. The level sensing controller of claim 4, wherein the first polar electrode is coupled to the container outside of a possible range of the liquid. 7. A method for sensing a level, comprising:
generating an excitation signal; at a first connection, routing an inverse of the excitation signal to a first polar electrode of a first capacitor, the first polar electrode coupled to a container configured to hold liquid; at a second connection, routing the excitation signal to a second polar electrode of a second capacitor, the second positive polar electrode coupled to the container; at a third connection to a sense electrode, forming the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and the sense electrode; forming the second capacitor with the second polar electrode and the sense electrode; measuring charge at the third connection; and determining, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode; wherein a polarity of the first polar electrode is opposite a polarity of the second polar electrode. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the charge at the third connection represents relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising determining that liquid in the container has reached the level of the first polar electrode based on a change in relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor based on the charge at the third connection. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
through a fourth connection to a third polar electrode of a third capacitor, coupling the third polar electrode to the container; through the second connection:
routing the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode; and
routing a ground signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
through the fourth connection;
routing the excitation signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
routing a ground signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising forming the third capacitor with the sense electrode and the third polar electrode. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising providing the first polar electrode by coupling the first polar electrode to the container outside of a possible range of the liquid. 13. A system, comprising:
an electrode assembly, comprising a sensing electrode, a first polar electrode of a first capacitor, and a second polar electrode of a second capacitor, the electrode assembly coupled to a container configured to hold liquid; a signal generator circuit configured to generate an excitation signal; a first connection configured to route an inverse of the excitation signal to the first polar electrode of the first capacitor; a second connection configured to route the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor; a third connection to the sense electrode, the sense electrode configured to form the first capacitor with the first polar electrode and to form the second capacitor with the second polar electrode; and a measurement circuit configured to measure charge at the third connection and determine, based on the measured charge, whether a liquid in the container has reached a level of the second polar electrode; wherein a polarity of the first polar electrode is opposite a polarity of the second polar electrode. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the charge at the third connection represents relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein the measurement circuit is configured to determine that liquid in the container has reached the level of the first polar electrode based on a change in relative capacitance between the first capacitor and the second capacitor based on the charge at the third connection. 16. The system of claim 1, further comprising a fourth connection to a third polar electrode of a third capacitor, the third polar electrode included in the electrode assembly, wherein:
the second connection is further configured to:
route the excitation signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the second polar electrode of the second capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
the fourth connection is configured to:
route the excitation signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the third polar electrode; and
route a ground signal to the third polar electrode of the third capacitor when the liquid of the container is to be checked for proximity to the second polar electrode. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the sense electrode is further configured to form the third capacitor with the third polar electrode. 18. The system of claim 16, wherein the first polar electrode is coupled to the container outside of a possible range of the liquid. | 2,600 |
339,043 | 16,799,885 | 2,652 | According to one embodiment, a memory system includes a nonvolatile memory and a memory controller that controls operation of the nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory is configured to receive, from the memory controller, a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a program operation; in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during execution of a first operation requested by the first command, execute a second operation for suspending the first operation before the first operation reaches a given section; and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the execution of the first operation, suspend the first operation after the given section. | 1. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the nonvolatile memory is configured to: receive, from the memory controller, a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a program operation, in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during execution of a first operation requested by the first command, execute a second operation for suspending the first operation before the first operation reaches a given section, and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the execution of the first operation, suspend the first operation after the given section. 2. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the nonvolatile memory is configured to: resume the first operation suspended by the second operation by re-executing part of the first operation; and resume the first operation suspended by the third operation from after the given section. 3. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein,
in response to occurring of a request for another operation while the first operation is executed by the nonvolatile memory, the memory controller selectively allows the nonvolatile memory to execute one of the second operation, the third operation, and continuance of the first operation. 4. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the nonvolatile memory includes a plurality of blocks, each of the blocks including a plurality of memory cells, and the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory is A, the third operation when the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory is B where A>B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory is C where B>C. 5. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of write requests not responded to a host among write requests from the host is A, the third operation when the number of write requests not responded to the host among the write requests from the host is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of write requests not responded to the host among the write requests from the host is C where B<C. 6. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when a ratio of the number of read requests to a total number of the read requests and write requests from a host in a given period is A, the third operation when the ratio of the number of the read requests to the total number of the read requests and the write requests from the host in the given period is B where A>B, and the continuance of the first operation when the ratio of the number of the read requests to the total number of the read requests and the write requests from the host in the given period is C where B>C. 7. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when amount of data received from a host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory is A, the third operation when the amount of data received from the host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the amount data received from the host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory is C where B<C. 8. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of program/erase cycles executed on a target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller is A, the target block being a target of the first operation, the third operation when the number of program/erase cycles executed on the target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of program/erase cycles to the target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller is C where B<C. 9. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of times the first operation has been suspended is A, the third operation when the number of times the first operation has been suspended is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of times the first operation has been suspended is C where B<C. 10. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of executed read operations while the first operation is suspended is A, the third operation when the number of executed read operations while the first operation is suspended is B where A<B, the continuance of the first operation when the number of executed read operations while the first operation is suspended is C where B<C. 11. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the first operation has been suspended for a period of A, the third operation when the first operation has been suspended for a period of B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the first operation has been suspended for a period of C where B<C. 12. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the memory controller is further configured to limit at least one of the number of second operations in one first operation and the number of third operations in one first operation. 13. The memory system according to claim 12, wherein
the nonvolatile memory includes a plurality of blocks, each of the blocks including a plurality of memory cells, and the memory controller is configured to limit at least one of the number of second operations and the number of third operations, in accordance with at least one among the number of executions of the second operation in a given period, the number of executions of the third operation in the given period, and the number of program/erase cycles executed on a block being a target of the first operation. 14. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory including a plurality of blocks; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the memory controller is configured to transmit a first command to the nonvolatile memory to instruct the nonvolatile memory to execute at least one of an erase operation and a program operation, in response to occurring of a request for another operation during a first operation of the nonvolatile memory, the first operation being requested by the first command, the memory controller selects to suspend or not to suspend the first operation to instruct the nonvolatile memory to execute said another operation, in accordance with at least one among:
the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory,
the number of requests not responded to a host among requests from the host,
a ratio of the number of read requests to a total number of read requests and write requests from the host,
an amount of data received from the host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory, and
the number of program/erase operations to a target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller, the target block being a target of the first operation. 15. A nonvolatile memory to be controlled by a memory controller, wherein
the nonvolatile memory is configured to receive a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a write operation from the memory controller, in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during a first operation requested by the first command, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation before the first operation reaches a given section, and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the first operation, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation after the given section. 16. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the nonvolatile memory is configured to execute a first suspend and a second suspend requested by the memory controller while the nonvolatile memory is in a busy state, a maximum length of time from when the first suspend is requested to when the nonvolatile memory becomes in a ready state is a first length, and a maximum length of time from when the second suspend is requested to when the nonvolatile memory becomes in the ready state is a second length different from the first length. 17. The memory system according to claim 16, wherein
in resuming a suspended operation, the nonvolatile memory having been requested the first suspend re-executes part of the operation. 18. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory including a memory cell; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the nonvolatile memory is configured to receive a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a program operation from the memory controller, in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during a first operation requested by the first command, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation, and in resuming the suspended first operation, in a case where the first operation is associated with the erase operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, the same erase voltage as an erase voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend; and in a case where the first operation is associated with the program operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, the same program voltage as a program voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend; and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the first operation, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation, and in resuming the suspended first operation, in a case where the first operation is associated with the erase operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, a higher erase voltage than an erase voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend; and in a case where the first operation is associated with the program operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, a higher program voltage than a program voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend. 19. The memory system according to claim 18, wherein
in resuming the suspended first operation, the nonvolatile memory having received the second command re-executes part of the first operation. 20. The memory system according to claim 18, wherein
even when a request for a second operation to the nonvolatile memory during the first operation occurs, the memory controller allows the nonvolatile memory to continue the first operation under a certain condition. | According to one embodiment, a memory system includes a nonvolatile memory and a memory controller that controls operation of the nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory is configured to receive, from the memory controller, a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a program operation; in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during execution of a first operation requested by the first command, execute a second operation for suspending the first operation before the first operation reaches a given section; and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the execution of the first operation, suspend the first operation after the given section.1. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the nonvolatile memory is configured to: receive, from the memory controller, a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a program operation, in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during execution of a first operation requested by the first command, execute a second operation for suspending the first operation before the first operation reaches a given section, and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the execution of the first operation, suspend the first operation after the given section. 2. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the nonvolatile memory is configured to: resume the first operation suspended by the second operation by re-executing part of the first operation; and resume the first operation suspended by the third operation from after the given section. 3. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein,
in response to occurring of a request for another operation while the first operation is executed by the nonvolatile memory, the memory controller selectively allows the nonvolatile memory to execute one of the second operation, the third operation, and continuance of the first operation. 4. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the nonvolatile memory includes a plurality of blocks, each of the blocks including a plurality of memory cells, and the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory is A, the third operation when the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory is B where A>B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory is C where B>C. 5. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of write requests not responded to a host among write requests from the host is A, the third operation when the number of write requests not responded to the host among the write requests from the host is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of write requests not responded to the host among the write requests from the host is C where B<C. 6. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when a ratio of the number of read requests to a total number of the read requests and write requests from a host in a given period is A, the third operation when the ratio of the number of the read requests to the total number of the read requests and the write requests from the host in the given period is B where A>B, and the continuance of the first operation when the ratio of the number of the read requests to the total number of the read requests and the write requests from the host in the given period is C where B>C. 7. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when amount of data received from a host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory is A, the third operation when the amount of data received from the host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the amount data received from the host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory is C where B<C. 8. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of program/erase cycles executed on a target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller is A, the target block being a target of the first operation, the third operation when the number of program/erase cycles executed on the target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of program/erase cycles to the target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller is C where B<C. 9. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of times the first operation has been suspended is A, the third operation when the number of times the first operation has been suspended is B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the number of times the first operation has been suspended is C where B<C. 10. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the number of executed read operations while the first operation is suspended is A, the third operation when the number of executed read operations while the first operation is suspended is B where A<B, the continuance of the first operation when the number of executed read operations while the first operation is suspended is C where B<C. 11. The memory system according to claim 3, wherein
the memory controller is configured to select: the second operation when the first operation has been suspended for a period of A, the third operation when the first operation has been suspended for a period of B where A<B, and the continuance of the first operation when the first operation has been suspended for a period of C where B<C. 12. The memory system according to claim 1, wherein
the memory controller is further configured to limit at least one of the number of second operations in one first operation and the number of third operations in one first operation. 13. The memory system according to claim 12, wherein
the nonvolatile memory includes a plurality of blocks, each of the blocks including a plurality of memory cells, and the memory controller is configured to limit at least one of the number of second operations and the number of third operations, in accordance with at least one among the number of executions of the second operation in a given period, the number of executions of the third operation in the given period, and the number of program/erase cycles executed on a block being a target of the first operation. 14. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory including a plurality of blocks; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the memory controller is configured to transmit a first command to the nonvolatile memory to instruct the nonvolatile memory to execute at least one of an erase operation and a program operation, in response to occurring of a request for another operation during a first operation of the nonvolatile memory, the first operation being requested by the first command, the memory controller selects to suspend or not to suspend the first operation to instruct the nonvolatile memory to execute said another operation, in accordance with at least one among:
the number of erased blocks of the nonvolatile memory,
the number of requests not responded to a host among requests from the host,
a ratio of the number of read requests to a total number of read requests and write requests from the host,
an amount of data received from the host and to be written to the nonvolatile memory, and
the number of program/erase operations to a target block of the nonvolatile memory managed by the memory controller, the target block being a target of the first operation. 15. A nonvolatile memory to be controlled by a memory controller, wherein
the nonvolatile memory is configured to receive a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a write operation from the memory controller, in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during a first operation requested by the first command, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation before the first operation reaches a given section, and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the first operation, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation after the given section. 16. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the nonvolatile memory is configured to execute a first suspend and a second suspend requested by the memory controller while the nonvolatile memory is in a busy state, a maximum length of time from when the first suspend is requested to when the nonvolatile memory becomes in a ready state is a first length, and a maximum length of time from when the second suspend is requested to when the nonvolatile memory becomes in the ready state is a second length different from the first length. 17. The memory system according to claim 16, wherein
in resuming a suspended operation, the nonvolatile memory having been requested the first suspend re-executes part of the operation. 18. A memory system comprising:
a nonvolatile memory including a memory cell; and a memory controller configured to control operation of the nonvolatile memory, wherein the nonvolatile memory is configured to receive a first command for execution of at least one of an erase operation and a program operation from the memory controller, in response to receiving a second command from the memory controller during a first operation requested by the first command, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation, and in resuming the suspended first operation, in a case where the first operation is associated with the erase operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, the same erase voltage as an erase voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend; and in a case where the first operation is associated with the program operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, the same program voltage as a program voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend; and in response to receiving a third command from the memory controller during the first operation, the nonvolatile memory suspends the first operation, and in resuming the suspended first operation, in a case where the first operation is associated with the erase operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, a higher erase voltage than an erase voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend; and in a case where the first operation is associated with the program operation, the nonvolatile memory applies, to the memory cell, a higher program voltage than a program voltage applied to the memory cell before the suspend. 19. The memory system according to claim 18, wherein
in resuming the suspended first operation, the nonvolatile memory having received the second command re-executes part of the first operation. 20. The memory system according to claim 18, wherein
even when a request for a second operation to the nonvolatile memory during the first operation occurs, the memory controller allows the nonvolatile memory to continue the first operation under a certain condition. | 2,600 |
339,044 | 16,799,912 | 2,652 | Novel insecticidal proteins isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis that are active against lepidopteran insect pests are disclosed. The DNA encoding the insecticidal proteins can be used to transform various prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms to express the insecticidal proteins. These recombinant organisms can be used to control lepidopteran insects in various environments. | 1. A chimeric gene comprising a heterologous promoter operably linked to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence that (a) encodes an insecticidal protein comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 99% sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:15; or (b) encodes a protein comprising SEQ ID NO:15; or (c) is a synthetic sequence of (a) or (b) that has codons optimized for expression in a transgenic organism. 2. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the heterologous promoter is a plant expressible promoter. 3. The chimeric gene of claim 2, wherein the plant expressible promoter is selected from the group consisting of ubiquitin, cmp, corn TrpA, bacteriophage T3 gene 9 5′ UTR, corn sucrose synthetase 1, corn alcohol dehydrogenase 1, corn light harvesting complex, corn heat shock protein, pea small subunit RuBP carboxylase, Ti plasmid mannopine synthase, Ti plasmid nopaline synthase, petunia chalcone isomerase, bean glycine rich protein 1, potato patatin, lectin, CaMV 35S and S-E9 small subunit RuBP carboxylase promoter. 4. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the insecticidal protein is toxic to at least black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis), soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includes), southwest corn borer (Diatraea grandiosella) or tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens). 5. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the synthetic sequence comprises SEQ ID NO:7. 6. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the nucleotide sequence comprises SEQ ID NO:3. 7. A recombinant vector comprising the chimeric gene of claim 1. 8. A transgenic plant comprising the chimeric gene of claim 1. 9. Seed of the transgenic plant of claim 8, wherein said seed comprises the chimeric gene. 10. A harvested product derived from the transgenic plant of claim 8, wherein the harvested product comprises the chimeric gene or a protein encoded by the chimeric gene. 11. An extract from the transgenic plant of claim 8, wherein the extract comprises the chimeric gene or a protein encoded by the chimeric gene. 12. A method of producing an insect-resistant transgenic plant, comprising: introducing into a plant the chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the insecticidal protein is expressed in the plant, said protein conferring to the plant resistance to an insect pest, and thereby producing an insect-resistant transgenic plant. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the introducing step is achieved by (a) transforming the plant; or (b) crossing a first plant comprising the chimeric gene with a different second plant. 14. A method of controlling an insect pest, comprising delivering to the insect pest an effective amount of an insecticidal protein encoded by the chimeric gene of claim 1. 15. A synthetic nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes an insecticidal protein and that has codons optimized for expression in a transgenic organism, wherein the nucleotide sequence (a) comprises SEQ ID NO:7; or (b) encodes an amino acid sequence that has at least 99% identity with SEQ ID NO:15. 16. The synthetic nucleic acid molecule of claim 15, wherein the nucleotide sequence encodes SEQ ID NO:15. | Novel insecticidal proteins isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis that are active against lepidopteran insect pests are disclosed. The DNA encoding the insecticidal proteins can be used to transform various prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms to express the insecticidal proteins. These recombinant organisms can be used to control lepidopteran insects in various environments.1. A chimeric gene comprising a heterologous promoter operably linked to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence that (a) encodes an insecticidal protein comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 99% sequence identity with SEQ ID NO:15; or (b) encodes a protein comprising SEQ ID NO:15; or (c) is a synthetic sequence of (a) or (b) that has codons optimized for expression in a transgenic organism. 2. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the heterologous promoter is a plant expressible promoter. 3. The chimeric gene of claim 2, wherein the plant expressible promoter is selected from the group consisting of ubiquitin, cmp, corn TrpA, bacteriophage T3 gene 9 5′ UTR, corn sucrose synthetase 1, corn alcohol dehydrogenase 1, corn light harvesting complex, corn heat shock protein, pea small subunit RuBP carboxylase, Ti plasmid mannopine synthase, Ti plasmid nopaline synthase, petunia chalcone isomerase, bean glycine rich protein 1, potato patatin, lectin, CaMV 35S and S-E9 small subunit RuBP carboxylase promoter. 4. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the insecticidal protein is toxic to at least black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis), soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includes), southwest corn borer (Diatraea grandiosella) or tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens). 5. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the synthetic sequence comprises SEQ ID NO:7. 6. The chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the nucleotide sequence comprises SEQ ID NO:3. 7. A recombinant vector comprising the chimeric gene of claim 1. 8. A transgenic plant comprising the chimeric gene of claim 1. 9. Seed of the transgenic plant of claim 8, wherein said seed comprises the chimeric gene. 10. A harvested product derived from the transgenic plant of claim 8, wherein the harvested product comprises the chimeric gene or a protein encoded by the chimeric gene. 11. An extract from the transgenic plant of claim 8, wherein the extract comprises the chimeric gene or a protein encoded by the chimeric gene. 12. A method of producing an insect-resistant transgenic plant, comprising: introducing into a plant the chimeric gene of claim 1, wherein the insecticidal protein is expressed in the plant, said protein conferring to the plant resistance to an insect pest, and thereby producing an insect-resistant transgenic plant. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the introducing step is achieved by (a) transforming the plant; or (b) crossing a first plant comprising the chimeric gene with a different second plant. 14. A method of controlling an insect pest, comprising delivering to the insect pest an effective amount of an insecticidal protein encoded by the chimeric gene of claim 1. 15. A synthetic nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes an insecticidal protein and that has codons optimized for expression in a transgenic organism, wherein the nucleotide sequence (a) comprises SEQ ID NO:7; or (b) encodes an amino acid sequence that has at least 99% identity with SEQ ID NO:15. 16. The synthetic nucleic acid molecule of claim 15, wherein the nucleotide sequence encodes SEQ ID NO:15. | 2,600 |
339,045 | 16,799,917 | 2,652 | A game apparatus includes a pusher configured to reciprocate forward and backward on a surface of a table, the pusher including a first surface that is an upper surface of the pusher; a feeder configured to feed a game object that is rollable regardless of an orientation of the game object, onto the first surface; and a suppressor provided on at least one of the pusher and the table and configured to suppress an amount of movement of the game object. | 1. A game apparatus comprising:
a pusher configured to reciprocate forward and backward on a surface of a table, the pusher including a first surface that is an upper surface of the pusher; a feeder configured to feed a game object that is rollable regardless of an orientation of the game object, onto the first surface; and a suppressor provided on at least one of the pusher and the table and configured to suppress an amount of movement of the game object. 2. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the table includes a second surface including a front part and a back part, with the front part including a front peripheral edge, the second surface being inclined in a direction of the reciprocation relative to a horizontal plane such that the front part of the second surface is lower than the back part of the second surface, and the suppressor includes a first restrictor that protrudes from the second surface along the front peripheral edge of the second surface. 3. The game apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the second surface is inclined at a first angle relative to the horizontal plane, the first restrictor is inclined at a second angle relative to the horizontal plane, and the second angle is larger than the first angle. 4. The game apparatus according to claim 3, wherein
the second surface further includes a peripheral edge that is different from the front peripheral edge of the second surface, the game apparatus further comprising a second restrictor that protrudes from the second surface along the peripheral edge of the second surface, wherein the second restrictor is inclined at a third angle relative to the horizontal plane, and the third angle is larger than the first angle and smaller than the second angle. 5. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the first surface includes a front peripheral edge at a front part of the first surface, and the suppressor includes a third restrictor that protrudes from the first surface along the front peripheral edge of the first surface. 6. The game apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
the first surface includes a front part and a back part, and the first surface is inclined in a direction of the reciprocation relative to a horizontal plane such that the front part of the first surface is lower than the back part of the first surface. 7. The game apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the first surface is inclined at a fourth angle relative to the horizontal plane, the third restrictor is inclined at a fifth angle relative to the horizontal plane, and the fifth angle is larger than the fourth angle. 8. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the suppressor includes a groove formed in the first surface, the groove extending in a direction of reciprocation. 9. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the pusher includes a front part, the suppressor includes a retaining member provided on the front part of the pusher, the retaining member is concave in shape as viewed from a direction of the reciprocation, and the retaining member is configured to retain the game object on the pusher. 10. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the pusher includes a front part, and an inclined surface inclined in a direction from the first surface to the front part of the pusher, and the suppressor includes a protrusion provided on the inclined surface, with the protrusion extending from the inclined surface. | A game apparatus includes a pusher configured to reciprocate forward and backward on a surface of a table, the pusher including a first surface that is an upper surface of the pusher; a feeder configured to feed a game object that is rollable regardless of an orientation of the game object, onto the first surface; and a suppressor provided on at least one of the pusher and the table and configured to suppress an amount of movement of the game object.1. A game apparatus comprising:
a pusher configured to reciprocate forward and backward on a surface of a table, the pusher including a first surface that is an upper surface of the pusher; a feeder configured to feed a game object that is rollable regardless of an orientation of the game object, onto the first surface; and a suppressor provided on at least one of the pusher and the table and configured to suppress an amount of movement of the game object. 2. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the table includes a second surface including a front part and a back part, with the front part including a front peripheral edge, the second surface being inclined in a direction of the reciprocation relative to a horizontal plane such that the front part of the second surface is lower than the back part of the second surface, and the suppressor includes a first restrictor that protrudes from the second surface along the front peripheral edge of the second surface. 3. The game apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the second surface is inclined at a first angle relative to the horizontal plane, the first restrictor is inclined at a second angle relative to the horizontal plane, and the second angle is larger than the first angle. 4. The game apparatus according to claim 3, wherein
the second surface further includes a peripheral edge that is different from the front peripheral edge of the second surface, the game apparatus further comprising a second restrictor that protrudes from the second surface along the peripheral edge of the second surface, wherein the second restrictor is inclined at a third angle relative to the horizontal plane, and the third angle is larger than the first angle and smaller than the second angle. 5. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the first surface includes a front peripheral edge at a front part of the first surface, and the suppressor includes a third restrictor that protrudes from the first surface along the front peripheral edge of the first surface. 6. The game apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
the first surface includes a front part and a back part, and the first surface is inclined in a direction of the reciprocation relative to a horizontal plane such that the front part of the first surface is lower than the back part of the first surface. 7. The game apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
the first surface is inclined at a fourth angle relative to the horizontal plane, the third restrictor is inclined at a fifth angle relative to the horizontal plane, and the fifth angle is larger than the fourth angle. 8. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the suppressor includes a groove formed in the first surface, the groove extending in a direction of reciprocation. 9. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the pusher includes a front part, the suppressor includes a retaining member provided on the front part of the pusher, the retaining member is concave in shape as viewed from a direction of the reciprocation, and the retaining member is configured to retain the game object on the pusher. 10. The game apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the pusher includes a front part, and an inclined surface inclined in a direction from the first surface to the front part of the pusher, and the suppressor includes a protrusion provided on the inclined surface, with the protrusion extending from the inclined surface. | 2,600 |
339,046 | 16,799,927 | 2,652 | The invention relates to a contact apparatus (11) and to a charging contact unit (12) for a rapid-charging system for electrically driven vehicles, in particular electric buses or the like, and to a method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station, wherein the contact apparatus serves to form an electrically conductive connection between the vehicle and the stationary charging station comprising a charging contact unit, wherein the to contact apparatus can be arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact apparatus comprises a contact device (14), wherein the contact device can make contact with the charging contact unit, wherein the contact apparatus or the charging contact unit comprises a positioning device (15), wherein the contact device can be positioned relative to the charging contact unit by means of the positioning device, wherein the contact device has a contact element support (16) comprising contact elements, wherein the contact elements can make contact with the charging contact elements of the charging contact unit so as to form contact pairs, wherein the contact elements are arranged on the contact element support relative to the charging contact elements in such a manner that a defined order is maintained when forming contact pairs when the contact device and the charging contact unit are joined. | 1. A rapid-charging system for a vehicle having a roof, comprising:
a contact apparatus with a contact device adapted to be positioned on the vehicle roof; a stationary charging station including a charging contact unit adapted to form an electrically conductive connection with the contact device; and a positioning device for positioning the contact device relative to the charging contact unit; wherein said charging contact unit comprises charging contact elements for forming contact pairs when joined with contact elements of the contact device, the contact elements being bolt-shaped and elastically mounted on a contact element support, wherein the charging contact elements comprising conductor strips arranged on the charging contact unit relative to the contact elements; wherein the contact element support includes at least two positioning surfaces adapted to match contact surfaces of the charging contact unit for coming into contact with the contact element support; wherein at least two of the contact elements protrude at different heights relative to a surface of the contact element support; wherein the contact device is adapted to be inserted into a receiving opening of the charging contact unit, the receiving opening forming a guide for the contact device when the contact device and the charging contact unit are joined; wherein a punctal contact between the contact elements and the charging elements is formed under spring pre-tension. 2. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, wherein the positioning device has a pantograph or a swing arm for positioning the contact device in the vertical direction relative to the charging contact unit. 3. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which the positioning device has a transverse guide for positioning the contact element support transversely to the charging contact unit. 4. The rapid-charging system according to claim 3, in which the contact element support is arranged on the transverse guide in a freely displaceable manner. 5. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which at least one contact element is adapted to be locked to one charging element. 6. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which the charging contact unit comprises a charging element support for the charging contact elements, wherein the charging contact element support is made of a plastic material. 7. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which the charging contact unit is realized as a V-shaped longitudinal rail, arranged in a direction of travel of the vehicle. 8. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, wherein the contact charging unit is exposed for receiving the contact device along an entire length of the contact charging unit. 9. A method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station for electrically driven vehicles comprising a contact apparatus and a charging contact unit, wherein the contact apparatus is arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact apparatus comprises a contact device, said method comprising:
bringing a contact device into contact with a charging contact device of the charging station; positioning the contact device relative to the charging contact unit using a positioning device; and bringing contact elements supported on at least two positioning surfaces formed on the contact device configured to mate with a contact surface in the charging contact unit and forming part of the contact device into contact with charging contact elements of the charging contact unit so as to form contact pairs; wherein the contact elements are bolt-shaped and elastically mounted on a contact element support, wherein the charging contact elements comprise conductor strips arranged on the charging contact unit relative to the contact elements; wherein at least two of the contact elements protrude at different heights relative to a surface of the contact element support; wherein the contact device is adapted to be inserted into a receiving opening of the charging contact unit, the receiving opening forming a guide for the contact device when the contact device and the charging contact unit are joined; wherein a punctal contact between the contact elements and the charging elements is formed under spring pre-tension. 10. The method according to claim 9, including first, forming a first contact pair between a first contact element and a first charging contact element before forming another contact pair between another contact element and another charging contact element. 11. The method according to claim 9, including first, forming a protective conductor contact pair prior to forming a power contact pair. | The invention relates to a contact apparatus (11) and to a charging contact unit (12) for a rapid-charging system for electrically driven vehicles, in particular electric buses or the like, and to a method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station, wherein the contact apparatus serves to form an electrically conductive connection between the vehicle and the stationary charging station comprising a charging contact unit, wherein the to contact apparatus can be arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact apparatus comprises a contact device (14), wherein the contact device can make contact with the charging contact unit, wherein the contact apparatus or the charging contact unit comprises a positioning device (15), wherein the contact device can be positioned relative to the charging contact unit by means of the positioning device, wherein the contact device has a contact element support (16) comprising contact elements, wherein the contact elements can make contact with the charging contact elements of the charging contact unit so as to form contact pairs, wherein the contact elements are arranged on the contact element support relative to the charging contact elements in such a manner that a defined order is maintained when forming contact pairs when the contact device and the charging contact unit are joined.1. A rapid-charging system for a vehicle having a roof, comprising:
a contact apparatus with a contact device adapted to be positioned on the vehicle roof; a stationary charging station including a charging contact unit adapted to form an electrically conductive connection with the contact device; and a positioning device for positioning the contact device relative to the charging contact unit; wherein said charging contact unit comprises charging contact elements for forming contact pairs when joined with contact elements of the contact device, the contact elements being bolt-shaped and elastically mounted on a contact element support, wherein the charging contact elements comprising conductor strips arranged on the charging contact unit relative to the contact elements; wherein the contact element support includes at least two positioning surfaces adapted to match contact surfaces of the charging contact unit for coming into contact with the contact element support; wherein at least two of the contact elements protrude at different heights relative to a surface of the contact element support; wherein the contact device is adapted to be inserted into a receiving opening of the charging contact unit, the receiving opening forming a guide for the contact device when the contact device and the charging contact unit are joined; wherein a punctal contact between the contact elements and the charging elements is formed under spring pre-tension. 2. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, wherein the positioning device has a pantograph or a swing arm for positioning the contact device in the vertical direction relative to the charging contact unit. 3. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which the positioning device has a transverse guide for positioning the contact element support transversely to the charging contact unit. 4. The rapid-charging system according to claim 3, in which the contact element support is arranged on the transverse guide in a freely displaceable manner. 5. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which at least one contact element is adapted to be locked to one charging element. 6. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which the charging contact unit comprises a charging element support for the charging contact elements, wherein the charging contact element support is made of a plastic material. 7. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, in which the charging contact unit is realized as a V-shaped longitudinal rail, arranged in a direction of travel of the vehicle. 8. The rapid-charging system according to claim 1, wherein the contact charging unit is exposed for receiving the contact device along an entire length of the contact charging unit. 9. A method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station for electrically driven vehicles comprising a contact apparatus and a charging contact unit, wherein the contact apparatus is arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact apparatus comprises a contact device, said method comprising:
bringing a contact device into contact with a charging contact device of the charging station; positioning the contact device relative to the charging contact unit using a positioning device; and bringing contact elements supported on at least two positioning surfaces formed on the contact device configured to mate with a contact surface in the charging contact unit and forming part of the contact device into contact with charging contact elements of the charging contact unit so as to form contact pairs; wherein the contact elements are bolt-shaped and elastically mounted on a contact element support, wherein the charging contact elements comprise conductor strips arranged on the charging contact unit relative to the contact elements; wherein at least two of the contact elements protrude at different heights relative to a surface of the contact element support; wherein the contact device is adapted to be inserted into a receiving opening of the charging contact unit, the receiving opening forming a guide for the contact device when the contact device and the charging contact unit are joined; wherein a punctal contact between the contact elements and the charging elements is formed under spring pre-tension. 10. The method according to claim 9, including first, forming a first contact pair between a first contact element and a first charging contact element before forming another contact pair between another contact element and another charging contact element. 11. The method according to claim 9, including first, forming a protective conductor contact pair prior to forming a power contact pair. | 2,600 |
339,047 | 16,799,942 | 2,688 | A system and method for recycling rare earth materials from dissimilar hard disk drives are provided. The system and method generally include scanning each hard disk drive, sorting and aligning each hard disk drive, rapid fastener removal or diversion to a metrology station, and the collection of separated value streams, optionally for formation into new magnetic stock. For each scanned hard disk drive having a match in an inventory database, the method includes the separation of an internal magnet from residual components. For each scanned hard disk drive lacking a match in the inventory database, the method includes generating a metrology data collection record containing the location of each fastener on multiple surfaces of the corresponding hard disk drive. The system and method are commercially scalable with the potential to generate between 600 and 700 metric tons of rare earth elements from a single processing facility annually, including neodymium for example. | 1. A method for recovering rare earth permanent magnets from a plurality of hard disk drives, the method comprising:
aligning each of the plurality of hard disk drives along a primary conveyor path, the plurality of hard disk drives including at least two dissimilar hard disk drives; scanning an identifier associated with each of the plurality of hard disk drives and comparing each scanned identifier with identifiers stored to an inventory database; for each scanned identifier having a match in the inventory database, performing an automated disassembly routine, the automated disassembly routine includes the separation of an internal magnet from residual components of the corresponding hard disk drive; and for each scanned identifier lacking a match in the inventory database, generating a metrology data collection record, the metrology data collection record including a location for each of a plurality of fasteners on multiple surfaces of the corresponding hard disk drive. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein aligning each of the plurality of hard disk drives along the primary conveyor path is performed using a vibratory bowl feeder. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein scanning the identifier includes reading a bar code, a quick, response code, a radio frequency identification tag, or a near field communication tag. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein performing the disassembly routine includes heating an end effector and plunging the end effector into the location of each of the plurality of fasteners, the plurality of fasteners including dissimilar fastener heads. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein generating the metrology data collection record is performed with an articulating arm coordinate measuring machine. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the inventory database is stored to computer readable memory and includes an inventory record for each of the plurality of hard disk drives. 7. A system for recovering rare earth materials from a plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives, the system comprising:
an alignment station operable to position each of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives into a predetermined orientation, the alignment station including a vibratory bowl feeder; an identification and sorting station including an automated identification unit operable to scan an identifier associated with each of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives; a central controller having access to an inventory database, the central controller being operable to determine, for each of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives, whether a disassembly routine is available based on the output of the automated identification unit; a disassembly station operable to receive a first portion of the plurality of dissimilar electric machines from the identification and sorting station and including one or more disassembly robots adapted for fastener removal and hard disk drive disassembly according to an associated disassembly routine accessible to the central controller; and a metrology station adapted to receive a second portion of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives from the identification and sorting station for which a predetermined disassembly routine is not available to the central controller. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein the disassembly station is operable to separate magnet assemblies from residual subcomponents of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives. 9. The system of claim 7 wherein the associated disassembly routine includes computer readable instructions that are executable by the disassembly robot based on a metrology data collection record. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein the metrology collection record is developed at the metrology station and includes fastener coordinates for multiple fields of view. 11. The system of claim 7 wherein the metrology station includes an articulating arm coordinate measuring machine. 12. The system of claim 7 wherein the inventory database includes identifiers for each of the first plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives. 13. The system of claim 7 wherein the automated identification unit is adapted to read a bar code, a quick response code, or a radio frequency identification tag. 14. The system of claim 7 further including a hard disk drive receiving station including a further automated identification unit operable to scan an identifier associated with a bulk container containing the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives. 15. The system of claim 7 wherein the associated disassembly routine is a first associated disassembly routine, further including a second associated disassembly routine. 16. The system of claim 7 wherein the disassembly station includes an indexing conveyor to transport the first portion of the plurality of hard disk drives disassembly stations for each of a plurality of disassembly robots. 17. A method for recovering rare earth permanent magnets from a plurality of hard disk drives, the method comprising:
positioning each of the plurality of hard disk drives along a primary conveyor path, the plurality of hard disk drives including at least two dissimilar hard disk drives; scanning an identifier associated with each of the plurality of hard disk drives and comparing each scanned identifier with identifiers stored to an inventory database; diverting a first portion of the plurality of hard disk drives to a disassembly station for fastener removal and hard disk drive disassembly according to a disassembly routine; and diverting a second portion of the plurality of hard disk drives to a metrology station for generating a metrology data collection record containing a location for each of a plurality of fasteners on multiple surfaces of the corresponding hard disk drive. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein scanning the identifier includes reading a bar code, a quick, response code, a radio frequency identification tag, or a near field communication tag. 19. The method of claim 17 wherein performing the disassembly routine includes heating an end effector and plunging the end effector into the location of each of the plurality of fasteners, the plurality of fasteners including dissimilar fastener heads. 20. The method of claim 17 further including determining at the metrology station if the plurality of fasteners on the corresponding hard disk drive are of a common type and subsequently removing each of the plurality of fasteners with a corresponding end tool. 21. The method of claim 17 wherein generating the metrology data collection record is performed with an articulating arm coordinate measuring machine. | A system and method for recycling rare earth materials from dissimilar hard disk drives are provided. The system and method generally include scanning each hard disk drive, sorting and aligning each hard disk drive, rapid fastener removal or diversion to a metrology station, and the collection of separated value streams, optionally for formation into new magnetic stock. For each scanned hard disk drive having a match in an inventory database, the method includes the separation of an internal magnet from residual components. For each scanned hard disk drive lacking a match in the inventory database, the method includes generating a metrology data collection record containing the location of each fastener on multiple surfaces of the corresponding hard disk drive. The system and method are commercially scalable with the potential to generate between 600 and 700 metric tons of rare earth elements from a single processing facility annually, including neodymium for example.1. A method for recovering rare earth permanent magnets from a plurality of hard disk drives, the method comprising:
aligning each of the plurality of hard disk drives along a primary conveyor path, the plurality of hard disk drives including at least two dissimilar hard disk drives; scanning an identifier associated with each of the plurality of hard disk drives and comparing each scanned identifier with identifiers stored to an inventory database; for each scanned identifier having a match in the inventory database, performing an automated disassembly routine, the automated disassembly routine includes the separation of an internal magnet from residual components of the corresponding hard disk drive; and for each scanned identifier lacking a match in the inventory database, generating a metrology data collection record, the metrology data collection record including a location for each of a plurality of fasteners on multiple surfaces of the corresponding hard disk drive. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein aligning each of the plurality of hard disk drives along the primary conveyor path is performed using a vibratory bowl feeder. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein scanning the identifier includes reading a bar code, a quick, response code, a radio frequency identification tag, or a near field communication tag. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein performing the disassembly routine includes heating an end effector and plunging the end effector into the location of each of the plurality of fasteners, the plurality of fasteners including dissimilar fastener heads. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein generating the metrology data collection record is performed with an articulating arm coordinate measuring machine. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the inventory database is stored to computer readable memory and includes an inventory record for each of the plurality of hard disk drives. 7. A system for recovering rare earth materials from a plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives, the system comprising:
an alignment station operable to position each of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives into a predetermined orientation, the alignment station including a vibratory bowl feeder; an identification and sorting station including an automated identification unit operable to scan an identifier associated with each of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives; a central controller having access to an inventory database, the central controller being operable to determine, for each of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives, whether a disassembly routine is available based on the output of the automated identification unit; a disassembly station operable to receive a first portion of the plurality of dissimilar electric machines from the identification and sorting station and including one or more disassembly robots adapted for fastener removal and hard disk drive disassembly according to an associated disassembly routine accessible to the central controller; and a metrology station adapted to receive a second portion of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives from the identification and sorting station for which a predetermined disassembly routine is not available to the central controller. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein the disassembly station is operable to separate magnet assemblies from residual subcomponents of the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives. 9. The system of claim 7 wherein the associated disassembly routine includes computer readable instructions that are executable by the disassembly robot based on a metrology data collection record. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein the metrology collection record is developed at the metrology station and includes fastener coordinates for multiple fields of view. 11. The system of claim 7 wherein the metrology station includes an articulating arm coordinate measuring machine. 12. The system of claim 7 wherein the inventory database includes identifiers for each of the first plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives. 13. The system of claim 7 wherein the automated identification unit is adapted to read a bar code, a quick response code, or a radio frequency identification tag. 14. The system of claim 7 further including a hard disk drive receiving station including a further automated identification unit operable to scan an identifier associated with a bulk container containing the plurality of dissimilar hard disk drives. 15. The system of claim 7 wherein the associated disassembly routine is a first associated disassembly routine, further including a second associated disassembly routine. 16. The system of claim 7 wherein the disassembly station includes an indexing conveyor to transport the first portion of the plurality of hard disk drives disassembly stations for each of a plurality of disassembly robots. 17. A method for recovering rare earth permanent magnets from a plurality of hard disk drives, the method comprising:
positioning each of the plurality of hard disk drives along a primary conveyor path, the plurality of hard disk drives including at least two dissimilar hard disk drives; scanning an identifier associated with each of the plurality of hard disk drives and comparing each scanned identifier with identifiers stored to an inventory database; diverting a first portion of the plurality of hard disk drives to a disassembly station for fastener removal and hard disk drive disassembly according to a disassembly routine; and diverting a second portion of the plurality of hard disk drives to a metrology station for generating a metrology data collection record containing a location for each of a plurality of fasteners on multiple surfaces of the corresponding hard disk drive. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein scanning the identifier includes reading a bar code, a quick, response code, a radio frequency identification tag, or a near field communication tag. 19. The method of claim 17 wherein performing the disassembly routine includes heating an end effector and plunging the end effector into the location of each of the plurality of fasteners, the plurality of fasteners including dissimilar fastener heads. 20. The method of claim 17 further including determining at the metrology station if the plurality of fasteners on the corresponding hard disk drive are of a common type and subsequently removing each of the plurality of fasteners with a corresponding end tool. 21. The method of claim 17 wherein generating the metrology data collection record is performed with an articulating arm coordinate measuring machine. | 2,600 |
339,048 | 16,799,928 | 2,688 | An encoder and a manufacturing method thereof, by which the encoder can be manufactured by a few processes at a low cost. The encoder has a rotating slit rotatable about an axis, a printed circuit board for measuring a rotational displacement of the rotating slit, a flange to which the printed circuit board is fixed after positioning the printed circuit board, a first connector fixed to the flange, and a second connector mounted on the printed circuit board and connected to the first connector. At least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector having a structure configured to absorb a displacement at least in a direction perpendicular to the axis 12. | 1. An encoder comprising:
a movable part; a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part; a flange; a first connector fixed to the flange; and a second connector mounted on the sensor part and connected to the first connector, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. 2. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the sensor part has a position adjusting area including a flat portion, as a held part capable of being held by an assembling machine. 3. The encoder of claim 2, wherein the position adjusting area has a concave portion or a convex portion. 4. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the encoder comprises a plurality of floating connectors, and the floating connectors are positioned so that a direction of a major displacement of each connector, capable of being absorbed by the corresponding connector, is different from each other. 5. The encoder of claim 1, wherein one of the first connector and the second connector is the floating connector, and the other of the first connector and the second connector is a high-stiffness connector. 6. A manufacturing method of an encoder having a movable part, a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part and a flange, the method comprising the steps of:
fixing a first connector to the flange; mounting a second connector on the sensor part; connecting the second connector to the first connector; and fixing the sensor part to the flange, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. | An encoder and a manufacturing method thereof, by which the encoder can be manufactured by a few processes at a low cost. The encoder has a rotating slit rotatable about an axis, a printed circuit board for measuring a rotational displacement of the rotating slit, a flange to which the printed circuit board is fixed after positioning the printed circuit board, a first connector fixed to the flange, and a second connector mounted on the printed circuit board and connected to the first connector. At least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector having a structure configured to absorb a displacement at least in a direction perpendicular to the axis 12.1. An encoder comprising:
a movable part; a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part; a flange; a first connector fixed to the flange; and a second connector mounted on the sensor part and connected to the first connector, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. 2. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the sensor part has a position adjusting area including a flat portion, as a held part capable of being held by an assembling machine. 3. The encoder of claim 2, wherein the position adjusting area has a concave portion or a convex portion. 4. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the encoder comprises a plurality of floating connectors, and the floating connectors are positioned so that a direction of a major displacement of each connector, capable of being absorbed by the corresponding connector, is different from each other. 5. The encoder of claim 1, wherein one of the first connector and the second connector is the floating connector, and the other of the first connector and the second connector is a high-stiffness connector. 6. A manufacturing method of an encoder having a movable part, a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part and a flange, the method comprising the steps of:
fixing a first connector to the flange; mounting a second connector on the sensor part; connecting the second connector to the first connector; and fixing the sensor part to the flange, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. | 2,600 |
339,049 | 16,799,948 | 2,688 | An encoder and a manufacturing method thereof, by which the encoder can be manufactured by a few processes at a low cost. The encoder has a rotating slit rotatable about an axis, a printed circuit board for measuring a rotational displacement of the rotating slit, a flange to which the printed circuit board is fixed after positioning the printed circuit board, a first connector fixed to the flange, and a second connector mounted on the printed circuit board and connected to the first connector. At least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector having a structure configured to absorb a displacement at least in a direction perpendicular to the axis 12. | 1. An encoder comprising:
a movable part; a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part; a flange; a first connector fixed to the flange; and a second connector mounted on the sensor part and connected to the first connector, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. 2. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the sensor part has a position adjusting area including a flat portion, as a held part capable of being held by an assembling machine. 3. The encoder of claim 2, wherein the position adjusting area has a concave portion or a convex portion. 4. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the encoder comprises a plurality of floating connectors, and the floating connectors are positioned so that a direction of a major displacement of each connector, capable of being absorbed by the corresponding connector, is different from each other. 5. The encoder of claim 1, wherein one of the first connector and the second connector is the floating connector, and the other of the first connector and the second connector is a high-stiffness connector. 6. A manufacturing method of an encoder having a movable part, a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part and a flange, the method comprising the steps of:
fixing a first connector to the flange; mounting a second connector on the sensor part; connecting the second connector to the first connector; and fixing the sensor part to the flange, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. | An encoder and a manufacturing method thereof, by which the encoder can be manufactured by a few processes at a low cost. The encoder has a rotating slit rotatable about an axis, a printed circuit board for measuring a rotational displacement of the rotating slit, a flange to which the printed circuit board is fixed after positioning the printed circuit board, a first connector fixed to the flange, and a second connector mounted on the printed circuit board and connected to the first connector. At least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector having a structure configured to absorb a displacement at least in a direction perpendicular to the axis 12.1. An encoder comprising:
a movable part; a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part; a flange; a first connector fixed to the flange; and a second connector mounted on the sensor part and connected to the first connector, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. 2. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the sensor part has a position adjusting area including a flat portion, as a held part capable of being held by an assembling machine. 3. The encoder of claim 2, wherein the position adjusting area has a concave portion or a convex portion. 4. The encoder of claim 1, wherein the encoder comprises a plurality of floating connectors, and the floating connectors are positioned so that a direction of a major displacement of each connector, capable of being absorbed by the corresponding connector, is different from each other. 5. The encoder of claim 1, wherein one of the first connector and the second connector is the floating connector, and the other of the first connector and the second connector is a high-stiffness connector. 6. A manufacturing method of an encoder having a movable part, a sensor part configured to measure a position of the movable part and a flange, the method comprising the steps of:
fixing a first connector to the flange; mounting a second connector on the sensor part; connecting the second connector to the first connector; and fixing the sensor part to the flange, wherein at least one of the first connector and the second connector is a floating connector. | 2,600 |
339,050 | 16,799,968 | 3,785 | An apparatus for increasing blood flood to the feet that includes a base, a plate, an electric motor and a control system. The palate is axially connected to the base with a gradient between 20 to 45 degrees that enables it to rotate while the front part of the plate is higher than its rear part. The electric motor is designed to rotate the plate. The plate includes a fastener for attaching the feet. The axial connection serves as a rotation axis point of the plate and the distance between the feet center point to the rotation axis point is between 6 to 15 centimeters. The control system controls the operation of the motor so that the rotation speed of the plate is cyclically changed so that the first part of each rotation is at a different speed than the second part of the rotation. | 1. An apparatus for increasing blood flood to feet of a user, comprising: a base, a plate, an electric motor and a control system;
wherein the palate is connected to the base by an axial connection that enables the plate to rotate; wherein the palate is connected to the base with a gradient between 20 to 45 degrees so that a front part of the plate is higher than a rear part of the plate; wherein the electric motor is connected to the plate and is designed to rotate the plate; wherein said plate includes a fastener which is designed to attach the feet of the user to the plate; wherein said axial connection serves as a rotation axis point of the plate and a distance between a feet center point to the rotation axis point is between 6 to 15 centimeters; wherein the control system is designed to control the operation of the motor so that a rotation speed of the plate is cyclically changed so that a first part of each rotation can be at a different speed than a second part of said rotation; and whereby when the user attach his or her feet to the plate and the plate is rotating at average speed of at least 40 revolutions per minute then while the plate is rotating then blood can stream to the feet by inertia power and circulate by the natural circulation process of the body when the rotational speed is lowered. | An apparatus for increasing blood flood to the feet that includes a base, a plate, an electric motor and a control system. The palate is axially connected to the base with a gradient between 20 to 45 degrees that enables it to rotate while the front part of the plate is higher than its rear part. The electric motor is designed to rotate the plate. The plate includes a fastener for attaching the feet. The axial connection serves as a rotation axis point of the plate and the distance between the feet center point to the rotation axis point is between 6 to 15 centimeters. The control system controls the operation of the motor so that the rotation speed of the plate is cyclically changed so that the first part of each rotation is at a different speed than the second part of the rotation.1. An apparatus for increasing blood flood to feet of a user, comprising: a base, a plate, an electric motor and a control system;
wherein the palate is connected to the base by an axial connection that enables the plate to rotate; wherein the palate is connected to the base with a gradient between 20 to 45 degrees so that a front part of the plate is higher than a rear part of the plate; wherein the electric motor is connected to the plate and is designed to rotate the plate; wherein said plate includes a fastener which is designed to attach the feet of the user to the plate; wherein said axial connection serves as a rotation axis point of the plate and a distance between a feet center point to the rotation axis point is between 6 to 15 centimeters; wherein the control system is designed to control the operation of the motor so that a rotation speed of the plate is cyclically changed so that a first part of each rotation can be at a different speed than a second part of said rotation; and whereby when the user attach his or her feet to the plate and the plate is rotating at average speed of at least 40 revolutions per minute then while the plate is rotating then blood can stream to the feet by inertia power and circulate by the natural circulation process of the body when the rotational speed is lowered. | 3,700 |
339,051 | 16,799,913 | 3,785 | An ultrasonic wave measuring device includes: an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold; and a reception setting unit configured to set a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing based on the plurality of zero-crossings. The reception setting unit is configured to calculate a difference between a zero-crossing detection time from a transmission timing of the ultrasonic waves to a time at which zero-crossing is detected and a predetermined reference time for each of the plurality of the zero-crossings, and to set one of the zero-crossings at which the difference is minimum among the plurality of zero-crossings as the reception zero-crossing. | 1. An ultrasonic wave measuring device, comprising:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold; and a reception setting unit configured to set a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves based on the plurality of zero-crossings, wherein the reception setting unit is configured to calculate a difference between a zero-crossing detection time from a transmission timing of the ultrasonic waves to a time at which the zero-crossing is detected and a predetermined reference time for each of the plurality of the zero-crossings, and to set one of the zero-crossings at which the difference is minimum among the plurality of zero-crossings as the reception zero-crossing. 2. The ultrasonic wave measuring device according to claim 1, wherein
the reception setting unit is configured to use the zero-crossing detection time from the transmission timing of the ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing performed at an i-th time to the reception zero-crossing set based on the ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing performed at the i-th time as the reference time when the reception zero-crossing is set based on the ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing performed at an i+1-th time. 3. An ultrasonic wave measuring device, comprising:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold; and a reception setting unit configured to set a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves based on the plurality of zero-crossings, wherein the reception setting unit is configured to set one of the plurality of zero-crossings that is n/2-th detected as the reception zero-crossing, where n represents a detection number of the plurality of zero-crossings, and where if n/2 is not an integer, n/2 is rounded up to a nearest integer. 4. An ultrasonic wave measuring method performed by an ultrasonic wave measuring device including:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; and a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, the ultrasonic wave measuring method comprising: calculating a difference between a zero-crossing detection time from transmission timing of the ultrasonic waves to a time at which the zero-crossing is detected and a predetermined reference time for each of the plurality of the zero-crossings; and setting one of the zero-crossings at which the difference is minimum among the plurality of zero-crossings as a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves. 5. An ultrasonic wave measuring method in an ultrasonic wave measuring device including:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; and a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, the ultrasonic wave measuring method comprising: setting one of the plurality of zero-crossings that is n/2-th detected as a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves, where n represents a detection number of the plurality of zero-crossings, and where if n/2 is not an integer, n/2 is rounded up to a nearest integer. | An ultrasonic wave measuring device includes: an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold; and a reception setting unit configured to set a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing based on the plurality of zero-crossings. The reception setting unit is configured to calculate a difference between a zero-crossing detection time from a transmission timing of the ultrasonic waves to a time at which zero-crossing is detected and a predetermined reference time for each of the plurality of the zero-crossings, and to set one of the zero-crossings at which the difference is minimum among the plurality of zero-crossings as the reception zero-crossing.1. An ultrasonic wave measuring device, comprising:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold; and a reception setting unit configured to set a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves based on the plurality of zero-crossings, wherein the reception setting unit is configured to calculate a difference between a zero-crossing detection time from a transmission timing of the ultrasonic waves to a time at which the zero-crossing is detected and a predetermined reference time for each of the plurality of the zero-crossings, and to set one of the zero-crossings at which the difference is minimum among the plurality of zero-crossings as the reception zero-crossing. 2. The ultrasonic wave measuring device according to claim 1, wherein
the reception setting unit is configured to use the zero-crossing detection time from the transmission timing of the ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing performed at an i-th time to the reception zero-crossing set based on the ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing performed at the i-th time as the reference time when the reception zero-crossing is set based on the ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing performed at an i+1-th time. 3. An ultrasonic wave measuring device, comprising:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold; and a reception setting unit configured to set a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves based on the plurality of zero-crossings, wherein the reception setting unit is configured to set one of the plurality of zero-crossings that is n/2-th detected as the reception zero-crossing, where n represents a detection number of the plurality of zero-crossings, and where if n/2 is not an integer, n/2 is rounded up to a nearest integer. 4. An ultrasonic wave measuring method performed by an ultrasonic wave measuring device including:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; and a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, the ultrasonic wave measuring method comprising: calculating a difference between a zero-crossing detection time from transmission timing of the ultrasonic waves to a time at which the zero-crossing is detected and a predetermined reference time for each of the plurality of the zero-crossings; and setting one of the zero-crossings at which the difference is minimum among the plurality of zero-crossings as a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves. 5. An ultrasonic wave measuring method in an ultrasonic wave measuring device including:
an ultrasonic wave transmission and reception unit configured to perform ultrasonic wave transmission and reception processing of transmitting ultrasonic waves to an object and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object, and to output reception signals based on reception of the ultrasonic waves; and a zero-crossing detection unit configured to detect a plurality of zero-crossings corresponding to the reception signals whose signal voltages are equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold, the ultrasonic wave measuring method comprising: setting one of the plurality of zero-crossings that is n/2-th detected as a reception zero-crossing used as a reception timing of the ultrasonic waves, where n represents a detection number of the plurality of zero-crossings, and where if n/2 is not an integer, n/2 is rounded up to a nearest integer. | 3,700 |
339,052 | 16,799,924 | 3,785 | When, in a state where a developer borne by a developer bearing member is sandwiched by an opposing portion of an image bearing member and the developer bearing member, C denotes capacitance between the image bearing member and the developer bearing member, ΔV denotes a development contrast, Q/S denotes a charge amount per unit area of the developer borne by the developer bearing member, and Δv denotes a peripheral velocity ratio which is a ratio of a peripheral velocity of the developer bearing member to a peripheral velocity of the image bearing member, a first peripheral velocity ratio is set so that |Q/S×Δv|≤|C×ΔV| is satisfied, and a second peripheral velocity ratio which is larger than the first peripheral velocity ratio is set so that |Q/S×Δv|>|C×ΔV| is satisfied. | 1.-13. (canceled) 14. An image forming apparatus, comprising:
an image bearing roller; a developer bearing roller configured to perform a development operation in which an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing roller is developed with a developer; a motor configured to rotationally drive the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller respectively so that the peripheral velocities of each is variable individually; an exposure device configured to form an electrostatic image on the image bearing roller by forming a light-part potential from a dark-part potential on the image bearing roller; and a high-voltage power supply configured to apply a developing bias to the developer bearing roller, wherein when a peripheral velocity ratio is defined as a ratio of the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller to the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller, the motor is configured to drive the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller at a first peripheral velocity ratio and a second peripheral velocity ratio which is larger than the first peripheral velocity ratio, a second development contrast formed between the developing bias to the developer bearing roller and the light-part potential formed on the image bearing roller in a case where the development operation is performed at the second peripheral velocity ratio is larger than a first development contrast formed between the developing bias to the developer bearing roller and the light-part potential formed on the image bearing roller in a case where the development operation is performed at the first peripheral velocity ratio. 15. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first peripheral velocity ratio and the second peripheral velocity ratio are set so that an amount of the developer remaining on the developer bearing roller after the development operation in a case where the development operation is performed at the second peripheral velocity ratio is larger than that in a case where the development operation is performed at the first peripheral velocity ratio. 16. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising
a sensor configured to detect temperature and humidity, wherein when a temperature detected by the sensor is equal to or lower than a prescribed temperature and a humidity detected by the sensor is equal to or lower than a prescribed humidity, the exposure device changes the light-part potential or the high-voltage power supply changes a magnitude of the developing bias to be applied so that the second development contrast which is larger than the first development contrast is formed. 17. The image forming apparatus according to claim 16, wherein when a temperature detected by the sensor is equal to or higher than a prescribed temperature and a humidity detected by the sensor is equal to or higher than a prescribed humidity, the exposure device changes the light-part potential so that a third development contrast which is smaller than the first development contrast is formed. 18. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising a charger configured to charge the image bearing roller to form the dark-part potential on the image bearing roller,
wherein the light-part potential is changed by changing an amount of light for exposure by the exposure device. 19. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the motor is configured to rotate the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller so that the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller move in a same direction at an opposing portion where the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller oppose each other. 20. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein
the motor is configured to: set the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller, in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio, to be the same as the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio; and set the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller higher, in the case of the second peripheral velocity ratio, to be larger than the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller in the case of the first peripheral velocity ratio. 21. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein
the motor is configured to: set the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio, to be the same as that in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio; and set the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller lower, in the case of the second peripheral velocity ratio, to be larger than that in the case of the first peripheral velocity ratio. 22. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein
the motor is configured to make the second peripheral velocity ratio larger than the first peripheral velocity ratio by: setting the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller lower in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio than that in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio; and setting the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller lower in the case of the second peripheral velocity ratio than that in the case of the first peripheral velocity ratio, wherein an amount of reduction of the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller is different from an amount of reduction of the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller. 23. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first peripheral velocity ratio and the second peripheral velocity ratio are set so that an image can be formed at the second peripheral velocity ratio on a recording material longer than the one on which an image is formed at the first peripheral velocity ratio. 24. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first peripheral velocity ratio and the second peripheral velocity ratio are set so that a laid-on level of the developer per unit area of an image formed on a recording material in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio is higher than that in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio. 25. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising:
a supplying roller configured to supply a developer to the developer bearing roller; a developing chamber in which the supplying roller is arranged; a housing chamber configured to communicate with the developing chamber and house the developer; and a stirring member arranged in the housing chamber and configured to convey the developer toward the developing chamber, wherein a communication port through which the developing chamber and the housing chamber communicate is positioned above the stirring member in the housing chamber. 26. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein when
Δv1 denotes the peripheral velocity ratio of the first peripheral velocity ratio, Δv2 denotes the peripheral velocity ratio of the second peripheral velocity ratio, the image bearing roller can increase a charge amount of developer to be developed on the image bearing roller as Δv1 increases. | When, in a state where a developer borne by a developer bearing member is sandwiched by an opposing portion of an image bearing member and the developer bearing member, C denotes capacitance between the image bearing member and the developer bearing member, ΔV denotes a development contrast, Q/S denotes a charge amount per unit area of the developer borne by the developer bearing member, and Δv denotes a peripheral velocity ratio which is a ratio of a peripheral velocity of the developer bearing member to a peripheral velocity of the image bearing member, a first peripheral velocity ratio is set so that |Q/S×Δv|≤|C×ΔV| is satisfied, and a second peripheral velocity ratio which is larger than the first peripheral velocity ratio is set so that |Q/S×Δv|>|C×ΔV| is satisfied.1.-13. (canceled) 14. An image forming apparatus, comprising:
an image bearing roller; a developer bearing roller configured to perform a development operation in which an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing roller is developed with a developer; a motor configured to rotationally drive the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller respectively so that the peripheral velocities of each is variable individually; an exposure device configured to form an electrostatic image on the image bearing roller by forming a light-part potential from a dark-part potential on the image bearing roller; and a high-voltage power supply configured to apply a developing bias to the developer bearing roller, wherein when a peripheral velocity ratio is defined as a ratio of the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller to the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller, the motor is configured to drive the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller at a first peripheral velocity ratio and a second peripheral velocity ratio which is larger than the first peripheral velocity ratio, a second development contrast formed between the developing bias to the developer bearing roller and the light-part potential formed on the image bearing roller in a case where the development operation is performed at the second peripheral velocity ratio is larger than a first development contrast formed between the developing bias to the developer bearing roller and the light-part potential formed on the image bearing roller in a case where the development operation is performed at the first peripheral velocity ratio. 15. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first peripheral velocity ratio and the second peripheral velocity ratio are set so that an amount of the developer remaining on the developer bearing roller after the development operation in a case where the development operation is performed at the second peripheral velocity ratio is larger than that in a case where the development operation is performed at the first peripheral velocity ratio. 16. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising
a sensor configured to detect temperature and humidity, wherein when a temperature detected by the sensor is equal to or lower than a prescribed temperature and a humidity detected by the sensor is equal to or lower than a prescribed humidity, the exposure device changes the light-part potential or the high-voltage power supply changes a magnitude of the developing bias to be applied so that the second development contrast which is larger than the first development contrast is formed. 17. The image forming apparatus according to claim 16, wherein when a temperature detected by the sensor is equal to or higher than a prescribed temperature and a humidity detected by the sensor is equal to or higher than a prescribed humidity, the exposure device changes the light-part potential so that a third development contrast which is smaller than the first development contrast is formed. 18. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising a charger configured to charge the image bearing roller to form the dark-part potential on the image bearing roller,
wherein the light-part potential is changed by changing an amount of light for exposure by the exposure device. 19. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the motor is configured to rotate the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller so that the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller move in a same direction at an opposing portion where the image bearing roller and the developer bearing roller oppose each other. 20. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein
the motor is configured to: set the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller, in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio, to be the same as the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio; and set the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller higher, in the case of the second peripheral velocity ratio, to be larger than the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller in the case of the first peripheral velocity ratio. 21. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein
the motor is configured to: set the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio, to be the same as that in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio; and set the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller lower, in the case of the second peripheral velocity ratio, to be larger than that in the case of the first peripheral velocity ratio. 22. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein
the motor is configured to make the second peripheral velocity ratio larger than the first peripheral velocity ratio by: setting the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller lower in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio than that in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio; and setting the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller lower in the case of the second peripheral velocity ratio than that in the case of the first peripheral velocity ratio, wherein an amount of reduction of the peripheral velocity of the developer bearing roller is different from an amount of reduction of the peripheral velocity of the image bearing roller. 23. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first peripheral velocity ratio and the second peripheral velocity ratio are set so that an image can be formed at the second peripheral velocity ratio on a recording material longer than the one on which an image is formed at the first peripheral velocity ratio. 24. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the first peripheral velocity ratio and the second peripheral velocity ratio are set so that a laid-on level of the developer per unit area of an image formed on a recording material in a case of the second peripheral velocity ratio is higher than that in a case of the first peripheral velocity ratio. 25. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, further comprising:
a supplying roller configured to supply a developer to the developer bearing roller; a developing chamber in which the supplying roller is arranged; a housing chamber configured to communicate with the developing chamber and house the developer; and a stirring member arranged in the housing chamber and configured to convey the developer toward the developing chamber, wherein a communication port through which the developing chamber and the housing chamber communicate is positioned above the stirring member in the housing chamber. 26. The image forming apparatus according to claim 14, wherein when
Δv1 denotes the peripheral velocity ratio of the first peripheral velocity ratio, Δv2 denotes the peripheral velocity ratio of the second peripheral velocity ratio, the image bearing roller can increase a charge amount of developer to be developed on the image bearing roller as Δv1 increases. | 3,700 |
339,053 | 16,799,921 | 3,785 | A network device includes circuitry configured to: generate log information; acquire a status notification from a device that records the log information, the status notification being designated by the device; change a processing mode of the log information, based on the acquired status notification; and transmit, to the device, based on the changed processing mode, the generated log information. | 1. A network device comprising circuitry configured to:
generate log information; acquire a status notification from a device that records the log information, the status notification being designated by the device; change a processing mode of the log information, based on the acquired status notification; and transmit, to the device, based on the changed processing mode, the generated log information. 2. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the circuitry is further configured to change a detail level of the log information or changes an amount of the log information to be transmitted, based on the status notification from the device. 3. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the status notification is a notification of change in security level or a notification of change in log level. 4. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the circuitry is further configured to change a transmission frequency of transmitting the log information to the device, based on the status notification. 5. The network device of claim 1, wherein
in a case where a low transmission frequency of the log information is set, the circuitry is further configured to transmit the log information to the device when a remaining amount of a memory area in a memory in which the log information is to be stored becomes less than or equal to a predetermined remaining amount. 6. The network device of claim 1, wherein
in a case where a high transmission frequency of the log information is set, the circuitry is further configured to stop transmission of the log information to the device during a time period when predetermined data is being transmitted. 7. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the circuitry is further configured to stop transmission of the log information to the device, in response to reception of a log-information transmission stop notification from the device. 8. A network communication system comprising:
the network device of claim 1; and a device that records log information transmitted from the network device. 9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program causing a computer to perform a method comprising:
generating log information; acquiring a status notification from a device that records the log information, the status notification being designated by the device; changing a processing mode of the log information, based on the acquired status notification; and transmitting, to the device, based on the changed processing mode, the generated log information. | A network device includes circuitry configured to: generate log information; acquire a status notification from a device that records the log information, the status notification being designated by the device; change a processing mode of the log information, based on the acquired status notification; and transmit, to the device, based on the changed processing mode, the generated log information.1. A network device comprising circuitry configured to:
generate log information; acquire a status notification from a device that records the log information, the status notification being designated by the device; change a processing mode of the log information, based on the acquired status notification; and transmit, to the device, based on the changed processing mode, the generated log information. 2. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the circuitry is further configured to change a detail level of the log information or changes an amount of the log information to be transmitted, based on the status notification from the device. 3. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the status notification is a notification of change in security level or a notification of change in log level. 4. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the circuitry is further configured to change a transmission frequency of transmitting the log information to the device, based on the status notification. 5. The network device of claim 1, wherein
in a case where a low transmission frequency of the log information is set, the circuitry is further configured to transmit the log information to the device when a remaining amount of a memory area in a memory in which the log information is to be stored becomes less than or equal to a predetermined remaining amount. 6. The network device of claim 1, wherein
in a case where a high transmission frequency of the log information is set, the circuitry is further configured to stop transmission of the log information to the device during a time period when predetermined data is being transmitted. 7. The network device of claim 1, wherein
the circuitry is further configured to stop transmission of the log information to the device, in response to reception of a log-information transmission stop notification from the device. 8. A network communication system comprising:
the network device of claim 1; and a device that records log information transmitted from the network device. 9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program causing a computer to perform a method comprising:
generating log information; acquiring a status notification from a device that records the log information, the status notification being designated by the device; changing a processing mode of the log information, based on the acquired status notification; and transmitting, to the device, based on the changed processing mode, the generated log information. | 3,700 |
339,054 | 16,799,966 | 3,785 | An expandable shelf for displaying desired items. The expandable shelf comprises a main shelf, a first slidable end shelf which engages with a first end of the main shelf and a second slidable end shelf which engages with an opposed second end of the main shelf. A pair of brackets facilitate supporting the expandable shelf on a display stand. The main shelf has female members and the first and the second slidable shelves each having mating male members. The male members engage with the female members to permit each of the first slidable shelf and the second slidable shelf to move, relative to the main shelf, and thereby adjust an overall length of the expandable shelf. | 1. An expandable shelf for displaying desired items comprising:
a main shelf; a first slidable end shelf for engaging with a first end of the main shelf; a second slidable end shelf for engaging with an opposed second end of the main shelf; a pair of brackets for supporting the expandable shelf on a display stand; the main shelf having female members and the first and the second slidable shelves each having mating male members, and the male members engage with the female members to permit each of the first slidable shelf and the second slidable shelf to move, relative to the main shelf, and thereby adjust an overall length of the expandable shelf. 2. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the main shelf comprises a generally planar rigid, rectangular structure which has a front wall and a rear wall which are bent and extend substantially normal to the rigid rectangular structure. 3. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the mating male and female members respectively comprise female channels and mating male channels, and a first section of the female channel is secured to the front wall of the main shelf and at least a second section of the female channel is secured to the rear wall of the main shelf. 4. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the main shelf comprises a plurality of metallic rods or wires which extend in a longitudinal direction and a plurality of metallic rods or wires which extend in a transverse direction so as to form a grid, and an intersection of each one of the metallic rods or wires which extend in a longitudinal direction and the metallic rods or wires which extend in a transverse direction are secured together. 5. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the main shelf comprises a generally planar rigid, rectangular structure which has a front wall and a rear wall which are bent and extend substantially normal to the rigid rectangular structure;
a rectangular perimeter metallic rod or wire surrounds and forms a boundary of the rigid rectangular structure, and a first longitudinal channel support metallic rod or wire extends parallel to a first segment of the perimeter metallic rod or wire along the front wall and a second longitudinal channel support metallic rod or wire extends parallel to a second segment of the perimeter metallic rod or wire along the rear wall. 6. The expandable shelf according to claim 5, wherein the female and mating male members respectively comprise first, second and third female channels and mating male channels, the first female channel is secured to the front wall of the main shelf and extends along the length thereof, the second female channel is secured to the rear wall of the main shelf adjacent a first end thereof and the third female channel is secured to the rear wall of the main shelf adjacent a second thereof. 7. The expandable shelf according to claim 6, wherein opposed ends of the female channel are bent toward one another so as to form a partially enclosed internal cavity which is designed to captively receive and retain a leading portion of a respective mating male channel therein. 8. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second slidable shelves comprise a plurality of spaced apart U-shaped metallic rods or wires which extend parallel to one another, and at least one transverse shelf metallic rod or wire is secured to each one of the spaced apart U-shaped metallic rods or wires, and free ends of the spaced apart U-shaped metallic rods or wires are bent to form an end wall. 9. The expandable shelf according to claim 8, wherein the male member comprises a male channel which has a straight base section and first and second straight side sections with a respective 90 degree bend formed between the straight base section and each of the first and the second straight side sections and the straight base section is permanently connected to the bent free ends to complete the end wall. 10. The expandable shelf according to claim 8, wherein at least one shelf end stop member is secured to the main shelf, adjacent each end thereof, and the at least one shelf end stop member interacts with one of the first and the second slidable end shelves to prevent overexpansion of the first or the second slidable end shelf. 11. The expandable shelf according to claim 8, wherein a pair of shelf end stop members are secured to the main shelf, adjacent each end thereof, and each pair of shelf end stop members interact with one a respective one of the first and the second slidable end shelves to prevent overexpansion and complete withdrawal of the respective slidable end shelf from the main shelf. 12. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the expandable shelves and assembled with the display stand which comprises a framework having at least two spaced apart horizontal legs and at least two vertically extending supports which extend generally normal to the horizontal legs, and front surface of each one of the two vertically extending supports has a plurality of sequentially arranged and spaced apart slots which are located so as to receive mating legs of the pair of brackets and releasably connect one of the plurality of the expandable shelves to the framework. 13. The expandable shelf according to claim 12, wherein a fixed display is supported at a top of the framework of the display stand. 14. The expandable shelf according to claim 10, wherein each shelf end stop member comprises first and second planar sections which are spaced apart and offset from one another by an inclined section, so as to define, with a bottom surface of the main shelf, a wire recess for engaging with a closed U-shaped end of the respective first or second slidable end shelf and preventing further expansion of thereof relative to the main shelf. 15. The expandable shelf according to claim 12, wherein each bracket is generally a planar member and an end wall of the bracket is provided with at least one hook which is designed to matingly engage with a mating slot of the vertical supports of the framework to couple the expandable shelf to the framework at a desired location. 16. The expandable shelf according to claim 15, wherein each bracket has a pair of spaced apart tabs which are secured to a perimeter metallic rod or wire of the main shelf to couple the main shelf to the bracket. 17. A method of displaying desired items on an expandable shelf, the method comprising:
forming a main shelf from metal; forming a first slidable end shelf from metal for engaging with a first end of the main shelf; forming a second slidable end shelf from metal for engaging with an opposed second end of the main shelf; forming a pair of brackets for supporting the expandable shelf on a display stand; providing the main shelf with female members and providing the first and the second slidable shelves with mating male members; and engaging the male members with the female members so as to permit each of the first slidable shelf and the second slidable shelf to move, relative to the main shelf, and thereby adjust an overall length of the expandable shelf. | An expandable shelf for displaying desired items. The expandable shelf comprises a main shelf, a first slidable end shelf which engages with a first end of the main shelf and a second slidable end shelf which engages with an opposed second end of the main shelf. A pair of brackets facilitate supporting the expandable shelf on a display stand. The main shelf has female members and the first and the second slidable shelves each having mating male members. The male members engage with the female members to permit each of the first slidable shelf and the second slidable shelf to move, relative to the main shelf, and thereby adjust an overall length of the expandable shelf.1. An expandable shelf for displaying desired items comprising:
a main shelf; a first slidable end shelf for engaging with a first end of the main shelf; a second slidable end shelf for engaging with an opposed second end of the main shelf; a pair of brackets for supporting the expandable shelf on a display stand; the main shelf having female members and the first and the second slidable shelves each having mating male members, and the male members engage with the female members to permit each of the first slidable shelf and the second slidable shelf to move, relative to the main shelf, and thereby adjust an overall length of the expandable shelf. 2. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the main shelf comprises a generally planar rigid, rectangular structure which has a front wall and a rear wall which are bent and extend substantially normal to the rigid rectangular structure. 3. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the mating male and female members respectively comprise female channels and mating male channels, and a first section of the female channel is secured to the front wall of the main shelf and at least a second section of the female channel is secured to the rear wall of the main shelf. 4. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the main shelf comprises a plurality of metallic rods or wires which extend in a longitudinal direction and a plurality of metallic rods or wires which extend in a transverse direction so as to form a grid, and an intersection of each one of the metallic rods or wires which extend in a longitudinal direction and the metallic rods or wires which extend in a transverse direction are secured together. 5. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein the main shelf comprises a generally planar rigid, rectangular structure which has a front wall and a rear wall which are bent and extend substantially normal to the rigid rectangular structure;
a rectangular perimeter metallic rod or wire surrounds and forms a boundary of the rigid rectangular structure, and a first longitudinal channel support metallic rod or wire extends parallel to a first segment of the perimeter metallic rod or wire along the front wall and a second longitudinal channel support metallic rod or wire extends parallel to a second segment of the perimeter metallic rod or wire along the rear wall. 6. The expandable shelf according to claim 5, wherein the female and mating male members respectively comprise first, second and third female channels and mating male channels, the first female channel is secured to the front wall of the main shelf and extends along the length thereof, the second female channel is secured to the rear wall of the main shelf adjacent a first end thereof and the third female channel is secured to the rear wall of the main shelf adjacent a second thereof. 7. The expandable shelf according to claim 6, wherein opposed ends of the female channel are bent toward one another so as to form a partially enclosed internal cavity which is designed to captively receive and retain a leading portion of a respective mating male channel therein. 8. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second slidable shelves comprise a plurality of spaced apart U-shaped metallic rods or wires which extend parallel to one another, and at least one transverse shelf metallic rod or wire is secured to each one of the spaced apart U-shaped metallic rods or wires, and free ends of the spaced apart U-shaped metallic rods or wires are bent to form an end wall. 9. The expandable shelf according to claim 8, wherein the male member comprises a male channel which has a straight base section and first and second straight side sections with a respective 90 degree bend formed between the straight base section and each of the first and the second straight side sections and the straight base section is permanently connected to the bent free ends to complete the end wall. 10. The expandable shelf according to claim 8, wherein at least one shelf end stop member is secured to the main shelf, adjacent each end thereof, and the at least one shelf end stop member interacts with one of the first and the second slidable end shelves to prevent overexpansion of the first or the second slidable end shelf. 11. The expandable shelf according to claim 8, wherein a pair of shelf end stop members are secured to the main shelf, adjacent each end thereof, and each pair of shelf end stop members interact with one a respective one of the first and the second slidable end shelves to prevent overexpansion and complete withdrawal of the respective slidable end shelf from the main shelf. 12. The expandable shelf according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the expandable shelves and assembled with the display stand which comprises a framework having at least two spaced apart horizontal legs and at least two vertically extending supports which extend generally normal to the horizontal legs, and front surface of each one of the two vertically extending supports has a plurality of sequentially arranged and spaced apart slots which are located so as to receive mating legs of the pair of brackets and releasably connect one of the plurality of the expandable shelves to the framework. 13. The expandable shelf according to claim 12, wherein a fixed display is supported at a top of the framework of the display stand. 14. The expandable shelf according to claim 10, wherein each shelf end stop member comprises first and second planar sections which are spaced apart and offset from one another by an inclined section, so as to define, with a bottom surface of the main shelf, a wire recess for engaging with a closed U-shaped end of the respective first or second slidable end shelf and preventing further expansion of thereof relative to the main shelf. 15. The expandable shelf according to claim 12, wherein each bracket is generally a planar member and an end wall of the bracket is provided with at least one hook which is designed to matingly engage with a mating slot of the vertical supports of the framework to couple the expandable shelf to the framework at a desired location. 16. The expandable shelf according to claim 15, wherein each bracket has a pair of spaced apart tabs which are secured to a perimeter metallic rod or wire of the main shelf to couple the main shelf to the bracket. 17. A method of displaying desired items on an expandable shelf, the method comprising:
forming a main shelf from metal; forming a first slidable end shelf from metal for engaging with a first end of the main shelf; forming a second slidable end shelf from metal for engaging with an opposed second end of the main shelf; forming a pair of brackets for supporting the expandable shelf on a display stand; providing the main shelf with female members and providing the first and the second slidable shelves with mating male members; and engaging the male members with the female members so as to permit each of the first slidable shelf and the second slidable shelf to move, relative to the main shelf, and thereby adjust an overall length of the expandable shelf. | 3,700 |
339,055 | 16,799,963 | 2,175 | A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process including: generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. | 1. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein
the generating includes generating a combination of a response variable and a condition relating to one or more explanatory variables corresponding to the response variable, and the calculating includes calculating a plausibility of the response variable of satisfying the condition per combination, as the index value. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the extracting includes extracting a combination, the index value of which is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, from among the combinations. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further includes displaying a list of the combinations extracted at the extracting, while emphasizing a first combination compared to other combinations when the index value of the first combination, which is a combination of a first condition and another condition, is higher than a first criterion, and when the index value of only the first condition is equal to or lower than a second criterion, out of the combinations extracted at the extracting. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions, a frequency of which of matching with the data is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, out of the conditions. 6. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data that increases as time passes. 7. An extraction method executed by a computer, the extraction method comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 8. An extraction device comprising:
a processor configured to:
generate a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data;
calculate an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and
extract a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. | A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process including: generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value.1. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein
the generating includes generating a combination of a response variable and a condition relating to one or more explanatory variables corresponding to the response variable, and the calculating includes calculating a plausibility of the response variable of satisfying the condition per combination, as the index value. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the extracting includes extracting a combination, the index value of which is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, from among the combinations. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further includes displaying a list of the combinations extracted at the extracting, while emphasizing a first combination compared to other combinations when the index value of the first combination, which is a combination of a first condition and another condition, is higher than a first criterion, and when the index value of only the first condition is equal to or lower than a second criterion, out of the combinations extracted at the extracting. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions, a frequency of which of matching with the data is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, out of the conditions. 6. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data that increases as time passes. 7. An extraction method executed by a computer, the extraction method comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 8. An extraction device comprising:
a processor configured to:
generate a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data;
calculate an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and
extract a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. | 2,100 |
339,056 | 16,799,961 | 2,684 | A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process including: generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. | 1. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein
the generating includes generating a combination of a response variable and a condition relating to one or more explanatory variables corresponding to the response variable, and the calculating includes calculating a plausibility of the response variable of satisfying the condition per combination, as the index value. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the extracting includes extracting a combination, the index value of which is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, from among the combinations. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further includes displaying a list of the combinations extracted at the extracting, while emphasizing a first combination compared to other combinations when the index value of the first combination, which is a combination of a first condition and another condition, is higher than a first criterion, and when the index value of only the first condition is equal to or lower than a second criterion, out of the combinations extracted at the extracting. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions, a frequency of which of matching with the data is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, out of the conditions. 6. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data that increases as time passes. 7. An extraction method executed by a computer, the extraction method comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 8. An extraction device comprising:
a processor configured to:
generate a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data;
calculate an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and
extract a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. | A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process including: generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value.1. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing therein an extraction program that causes a computer to execute a process comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 2. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein
the generating includes generating a combination of a response variable and a condition relating to one or more explanatory variables corresponding to the response variable, and the calculating includes calculating a plausibility of the response variable of satisfying the condition per combination, as the index value. 3. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the extracting includes extracting a combination, the index value of which is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, from among the combinations. 4. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the process further includes displaying a list of the combinations extracted at the extracting, while emphasizing a first combination compared to other combinations when the index value of the first combination, which is a combination of a first condition and another condition, is higher than a first criterion, and when the index value of only the first condition is equal to or lower than a second criterion, out of the combinations extracted at the extracting. 5. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions, a frequency of which of matching with the data is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, out of the conditions. 6. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the generating includes generating a combination of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data that increases as time passes. 7. An extraction method executed by a computer, the extraction method comprising:
generating a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data; calculating an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and extracting a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. 8. An extraction device comprising:
a processor configured to:
generate a plurality of combinations of conditions relating to a plurality of item values included in data;
calculate an index value that indicates a degree of cooccurrence between a specified response variable and each of the plurality of combinations, by using a machine learning model that estimates a response variable from the plurality of item values, the machine learning model having been trained by using the data; and
extract a specific combination from among the plurality of combinations based on any one of the condition and the index value. | 2,600 |
339,057 | 16,799,967 | 2,857 | Provided is a target instrument including a pole, a prism provided on the pole, and a terminal device provided on the pole, wherein the terminal device comprises an image pickup module, a tilt sensor which detects tilts in two axial directions, and an arithmetic control module, wherein the image pickup module acquires an image which includes a reference object, the tilt sensor detects a tilt angle of a target instrument, and the arithmetic control module calculates a tilt direction of the target instrument from a position of the reference object in the image, calculates a tilt direction of the target instrument based on tilt angles in the two axial directions of the tilt sensor, acquires a deviation between the two tilt directions, and corrects the tilt angles in the two axial directions of the tilt sensor to tilt angles in directions parallel to an optical axis of the image pickup module and orthogonal to the optical axis based on the deviation. | 1. A target instrument comprising: a pole which has a ferrule part at a lower end part thereof, a prism which is provided on said pole and provided at a known distance from a lower end of said pole, and a terminal device provided on said pole, wherein said terminal device comprises an image pickup module which is fixed with a known attitude with respect to said pole, a tilt sensor which detects tilts in two axial directions which are orthogonal to each other and one of which axial directions is parallel to an optical axis of said image pickup module, and an arithmetic control module, wherein said image pickup module is configured to acquire an image which includes a reference object, said tilt sensor is configured to detect a tilt angle of a target instrument with respect to the verticality, and said arithmetic control module is configured to calculate a tilt direction of said target instrument from a position of said reference object in said image, to calculate a tilt direction of said target instrument based on tilt angles in the two axial directions of said tilt sensor, to acquire a deviation between the tilt direction of said target instrument acquired from said image and the tilt direction acquired from said tilt sensor, and to correct the tilt angles in the two axial directions of said tilt sensor to tilt angles in directions parallel to said optical axis of said image pickup module and orthogonal to said optical axis based on said deviation. 2. The target instrument according to claim 1, wherein an image pickup element of said image pickup module has a coordinate system for identifying a position in said image pickup element, and one of the coordinate axes of said coordinate system is orthogonal or parallel to an axis of said pole. 3. The target instrument according to claim 1, wherein said arithmetic control module is configured to calculate a displacement of said prism in a horizontal direction with respect to a lower end position based on the corrected tilt angles and the distance from the lower end of said pole. 4. The target instrument according to claim 1, wherein said terminal device is a smartphone. 5. A surveying system comprising said target instrument according to claim 1 and a surveying instrument with a tracking function, wherein said surveying system is configured to measure a lower end of said target instrument based on a measurement result of said prism by said surveying instrument, a tilt angle of said target instrument, and a distance from the lower end of said pole to said prism. | Provided is a target instrument including a pole, a prism provided on the pole, and a terminal device provided on the pole, wherein the terminal device comprises an image pickup module, a tilt sensor which detects tilts in two axial directions, and an arithmetic control module, wherein the image pickup module acquires an image which includes a reference object, the tilt sensor detects a tilt angle of a target instrument, and the arithmetic control module calculates a tilt direction of the target instrument from a position of the reference object in the image, calculates a tilt direction of the target instrument based on tilt angles in the two axial directions of the tilt sensor, acquires a deviation between the two tilt directions, and corrects the tilt angles in the two axial directions of the tilt sensor to tilt angles in directions parallel to an optical axis of the image pickup module and orthogonal to the optical axis based on the deviation.1. A target instrument comprising: a pole which has a ferrule part at a lower end part thereof, a prism which is provided on said pole and provided at a known distance from a lower end of said pole, and a terminal device provided on said pole, wherein said terminal device comprises an image pickup module which is fixed with a known attitude with respect to said pole, a tilt sensor which detects tilts in two axial directions which are orthogonal to each other and one of which axial directions is parallel to an optical axis of said image pickup module, and an arithmetic control module, wherein said image pickup module is configured to acquire an image which includes a reference object, said tilt sensor is configured to detect a tilt angle of a target instrument with respect to the verticality, and said arithmetic control module is configured to calculate a tilt direction of said target instrument from a position of said reference object in said image, to calculate a tilt direction of said target instrument based on tilt angles in the two axial directions of said tilt sensor, to acquire a deviation between the tilt direction of said target instrument acquired from said image and the tilt direction acquired from said tilt sensor, and to correct the tilt angles in the two axial directions of said tilt sensor to tilt angles in directions parallel to said optical axis of said image pickup module and orthogonal to said optical axis based on said deviation. 2. The target instrument according to claim 1, wherein an image pickup element of said image pickup module has a coordinate system for identifying a position in said image pickup element, and one of the coordinate axes of said coordinate system is orthogonal or parallel to an axis of said pole. 3. The target instrument according to claim 1, wherein said arithmetic control module is configured to calculate a displacement of said prism in a horizontal direction with respect to a lower end position based on the corrected tilt angles and the distance from the lower end of said pole. 4. The target instrument according to claim 1, wherein said terminal device is a smartphone. 5. A surveying system comprising said target instrument according to claim 1 and a surveying instrument with a tracking function, wherein said surveying system is configured to measure a lower end of said target instrument based on a measurement result of said prism by said surveying instrument, a tilt angle of said target instrument, and a distance from the lower end of said pole to said prism. | 2,800 |
339,058 | 16,799,975 | 2,857 | A robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller is provided. The robot cleaner includes a cleaning device disposed on one side or one surface of a robot so as to divert the water stored in a water supply portion inside the robot to a cleaning body of the cleaning device. Then, the cleaning body can be used to clean a floor. When the cleaning body is used to clean the floor, a water squeezing body presses against one side of the cleaning body and a shaft body drives the cleaning body to rotate. Afterward, the water squeezing body can squeeze the water (dirty water) out of the cleaning body. Finally, a recycling body can recycle the water to a water storage portion inside the robot. In this way, the robot cleaner can clean the floor and the cleaning body at the same time. | 1. A robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller, comprising:
a robot, comprising a water storage portion and a water supply portion disposed therein; a cleaning device, disposed on a side or a surface of the robot, and connected to the water supply portion, the cleaning device comprising:
a connection body, connected to the side or the surface of the robot;
a shaft body, encapsulated by a cleaning body and pivotally connected to the connection body; and
a diversion body, comprising a diversion portion and a water output portion, the diversion portion being connected to the water supply portion to divert a water in the water supply portion to the water output portion, and the water output portion being disposed to be adjacent to the cleaning body in order to output the water to the cleaning body;
a water squeezing body, disposed on the robot or the cleaning device, and one end of the water squeezing body pressing against the cleaning body to squeeze the water absorbed by the cleaning body out of the cleaning body; and a recycling body, disposed on the side or the surface of the robot, and adjacent to the water squeezing body, the recycling body being connected to the water storage portion so as to recycle the water squeezed out by the water squeezing body to the water storage portion. 2. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, further comprising:
a control element, connected to the water supply portion to control a water output volume or a water output mode of the water outputted from water supply portion to the diversion body. 3. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, wherein the connection body comprises a concave space and the shaft body is disposed inside the concave space. 4. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, further comprising:
a removing body, disposed on the robot or the cleaning device, and pressing against the cleaning body in order to remove dirt adhering to the cleaning body. 5. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 4, wherein the removing body is disposed at a position adjacent to the recycling body, such that the recycling body carrying the dirty removed by the removing body to the water storage portion. 6. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 4, wherein the removing body is a brush body. 7. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, wherein when the water storage portion is connected to the water supply portion, the robot cleaner further comprising:
a filtering body, disposed between the water storage portion and the water supply portion in order to filter the water outputted from the water storage portion to the water supply portion. 8. A robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller, comprising:
a robot, comprising a water supply portion disposed therein; a cleaning device, disposed on a side or a surface of the robot, and connected to the water supply portion, the cleaning device comprising:
a connection body, connected to the side or the surface of the robot;
a shaft body, encapsulated by a cleaning body and pivotally connected to the connection body;
a diversion body, comprising a diversion portion and a water output portion, the diversion portion being connected to the water supply portion to divert a water in the water supply portion to the water output portion, and the water output portion being disposed to be adjacent to the cleaning body in order to output the water to the cleaning body;
a water squeezing body, disposed on the robot or the cleaning device, and one end of the water squeezing body pressing against the cleaning body to squeeze the water absorbed by the cleaning body out of the cleaning body; a recycling body, disposed on the side or the surface of the robot, and adjacent to the water squeezing body, the recycling body being connected to the water supply portion so as to recycle the water squeezed out by the water squeezing body to the water supply portion; and a filtering body, disposed between the recycling body and the water supply portion in order to filter the water outputted from the recycling body to the water supply portion. 9. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 8, further comprising:
a control element, connected to the water supply portion to control a water output volume or a water output mode of the water outputted from water supply portion to the diversion body. 10. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 8, wherein the connection body comprises a concave space and the shaft body is disposed inside the concave space. | A robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller is provided. The robot cleaner includes a cleaning device disposed on one side or one surface of a robot so as to divert the water stored in a water supply portion inside the robot to a cleaning body of the cleaning device. Then, the cleaning body can be used to clean a floor. When the cleaning body is used to clean the floor, a water squeezing body presses against one side of the cleaning body and a shaft body drives the cleaning body to rotate. Afterward, the water squeezing body can squeeze the water (dirty water) out of the cleaning body. Finally, a recycling body can recycle the water to a water storage portion inside the robot. In this way, the robot cleaner can clean the floor and the cleaning body at the same time.1. A robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller, comprising:
a robot, comprising a water storage portion and a water supply portion disposed therein; a cleaning device, disposed on a side or a surface of the robot, and connected to the water supply portion, the cleaning device comprising:
a connection body, connected to the side or the surface of the robot;
a shaft body, encapsulated by a cleaning body and pivotally connected to the connection body; and
a diversion body, comprising a diversion portion and a water output portion, the diversion portion being connected to the water supply portion to divert a water in the water supply portion to the water output portion, and the water output portion being disposed to be adjacent to the cleaning body in order to output the water to the cleaning body;
a water squeezing body, disposed on the robot or the cleaning device, and one end of the water squeezing body pressing against the cleaning body to squeeze the water absorbed by the cleaning body out of the cleaning body; and a recycling body, disposed on the side or the surface of the robot, and adjacent to the water squeezing body, the recycling body being connected to the water storage portion so as to recycle the water squeezed out by the water squeezing body to the water storage portion. 2. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, further comprising:
a control element, connected to the water supply portion to control a water output volume or a water output mode of the water outputted from water supply portion to the diversion body. 3. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, wherein the connection body comprises a concave space and the shaft body is disposed inside the concave space. 4. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, further comprising:
a removing body, disposed on the robot or the cleaning device, and pressing against the cleaning body in order to remove dirt adhering to the cleaning body. 5. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 4, wherein the removing body is disposed at a position adjacent to the recycling body, such that the recycling body carrying the dirty removed by the removing body to the water storage portion. 6. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 4, wherein the removing body is a brush body. 7. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 1, wherein when the water storage portion is connected to the water supply portion, the robot cleaner further comprising:
a filtering body, disposed between the water storage portion and the water supply portion in order to filter the water outputted from the water storage portion to the water supply portion. 8. A robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller, comprising:
a robot, comprising a water supply portion disposed therein; a cleaning device, disposed on a side or a surface of the robot, and connected to the water supply portion, the cleaning device comprising:
a connection body, connected to the side or the surface of the robot;
a shaft body, encapsulated by a cleaning body and pivotally connected to the connection body;
a diversion body, comprising a diversion portion and a water output portion, the diversion portion being connected to the water supply portion to divert a water in the water supply portion to the water output portion, and the water output portion being disposed to be adjacent to the cleaning body in order to output the water to the cleaning body;
a water squeezing body, disposed on the robot or the cleaning device, and one end of the water squeezing body pressing against the cleaning body to squeeze the water absorbed by the cleaning body out of the cleaning body; a recycling body, disposed on the side or the surface of the robot, and adjacent to the water squeezing body, the recycling body being connected to the water supply portion so as to recycle the water squeezed out by the water squeezing body to the water supply portion; and a filtering body, disposed between the recycling body and the water supply portion in order to filter the water outputted from the recycling body to the water supply portion. 9. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 8, further comprising:
a control element, connected to the water supply portion to control a water output volume or a water output mode of the water outputted from water supply portion to the diversion body. 10. The robot cleaner having cleaning device for cleaning floor mopping roller of claim 8, wherein the connection body comprises a concave space and the shaft body is disposed inside the concave space. | 2,800 |
339,059 | 16,799,955 | 2,857 | A robot system according to an embodiment includes one or more processors. The processors acquire first input data predetermined as data affecting an operation of a robot. The processors calculate a calculation cost of inference processing using a machine learning model for inferring control data used for controlling the robot, on the basis of the first input data. The processors infer the control data by the machine learning model set according to the calculation cost. The processors control the robot using the inferred control data. | 1. A robot system comprising:
one or more processors configured to:
acquire first input data predetermined as data affecting an operation of a robot;
calculate a calculation cost of inference processing using a machine learning model for inferring control data used for controlling the robot, on the basis of the first input data;
infer the control data by the machine learning model set according to the calculation cost; and
control the robot using the inferred control data. 2. The robot system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more processors:
determine a control parameter of the machine learning model for executing inference according to the calculation cost; change the machine learning model according to the determined control parameter; and infer the control data by the changed machine learning model. 3. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the robot is a picking robot that grips a target object, and the first input data is at least one of the number of target objects, the number of types of target objects, a weight of the target object, and a success rate of gripping the target object. 4. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the robot is a moving robot, and the first input data is at least one of a width of a route that the robot moves, the number of objects around the robot, the number of objects mounted on the robot, the number of types of objects mounted on the robot, and a weight of the object mounted on the robot. 5. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the machine learning model is a model that is set such that inference accuracy is decreased as the calculation cost is decreased. 6. The robot system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more processors learn the machine learning model using a loss function according to the calculation cost. 7. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the one or more processors infer the control data by inputting second input data different from the first input data to the machine learning model. 8. A driving method comprising:
acquiring first input data predetermined as data affecting an operation of a robot; calculating a calculation cost of inference processing using a machine learning model for inferring control data used for controlling the robot, on the basis of the first input data; inferring the control data by the machine learning model set according to the calculation cost; and controlling the robot using the inferred control data. | A robot system according to an embodiment includes one or more processors. The processors acquire first input data predetermined as data affecting an operation of a robot. The processors calculate a calculation cost of inference processing using a machine learning model for inferring control data used for controlling the robot, on the basis of the first input data. The processors infer the control data by the machine learning model set according to the calculation cost. The processors control the robot using the inferred control data.1. A robot system comprising:
one or more processors configured to:
acquire first input data predetermined as data affecting an operation of a robot;
calculate a calculation cost of inference processing using a machine learning model for inferring control data used for controlling the robot, on the basis of the first input data;
infer the control data by the machine learning model set according to the calculation cost; and
control the robot using the inferred control data. 2. The robot system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more processors:
determine a control parameter of the machine learning model for executing inference according to the calculation cost; change the machine learning model according to the determined control parameter; and infer the control data by the changed machine learning model. 3. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the robot is a picking robot that grips a target object, and the first input data is at least one of the number of target objects, the number of types of target objects, a weight of the target object, and a success rate of gripping the target object. 4. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the robot is a moving robot, and the first input data is at least one of a width of a route that the robot moves, the number of objects around the robot, the number of objects mounted on the robot, the number of types of objects mounted on the robot, and a weight of the object mounted on the robot. 5. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the machine learning model is a model that is set such that inference accuracy is decreased as the calculation cost is decreased. 6. The robot system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more processors learn the machine learning model using a loss function according to the calculation cost. 7. The robot system according to claim 1,
wherein the one or more processors infer the control data by inputting second input data different from the first input data to the machine learning model. 8. A driving method comprising:
acquiring first input data predetermined as data affecting an operation of a robot; calculating a calculation cost of inference processing using a machine learning model for inferring control data used for controlling the robot, on the basis of the first input data; inferring the control data by the machine learning model set according to the calculation cost; and controlling the robot using the inferred control data. | 2,800 |
339,060 | 16,799,979 | 3,784 | Disclosed is a kicking training apparatus for allowing a user to practice accurately and effectively a kicking posture through gradual and systematic training, without bringing about body pain, when the user practices kick training, such as front kick or side kick, in exercise or martial arts including taekwondo. The kicking training apparatus includes a stationary frame which is fixed to a floor or a wall; a kicking training member with one end being rotatably engaged to an upper end of the stationary frame; and an angle adjusting member with one end being rotatably engaged to a lower end of the kicking training member, and the other end being able to move in a longitudinal direction of the stationary frame and being fixed to a desired position to adjust an angle of the kicking training member with respect to an upper end of the kicking training member. | 1. A kicking training apparatus comprising:
a stationary frame which is fixed to a floor or a wall; a kicking training member with one end being rotatably engaged to an upper end of the stationary frame; and an angle adjusting member with one end being rotatably engaged to a lower end of the kicking training member, and the other end being able to move in a longitudinal direction of the stationary frame and being fixed to a desired position to adjust an angle of the kicking training member with respect to an upper end of the kicking training member. 2. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the stationary frame includes a pair of vertical bars and a plurality of horizontal bars installed at plural positions between the pair of vertical bars. 3. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fixing member for fixing at least one of the vertical bars and the horizontal bars; and strap holders provided to the pair of vertical bars, respectively, so that the user training a kicking posture can hold the strap holders by hands. 4. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the kicking training member includes
a pivot bar with one end being engaged to the horizontal bar which is the upper end of the stationary frame, the pivot bar being able to rotate around a pivot shaft, a roller support extending from the pivot bar in a longitudinal direction, and a plurality of roller members with both ends being rotatably engaged to the roller support, the roller members being arranged in a longitudinal direction of the roller support. 5. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the kicking training member includes
a pivot bar with one end being engaged to the horizontal bar which is the upper end of the stationary frame, the pivot bar being able to rotate around a pivot shaft, and a plurality of roller members with both ends being rotatably engaged to the pivot bar, the roller members being arranged in a longitudinal direction of the pivot bar. 6. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a movable bar with both ends being slidably engaged to the pair of vertical bars 110, respectively, retainers provided to the movable bar to fix the movable bar to the vertical bars in a state in which the movable bars are moved to a desired position along the vertical bars, and a pair of angle adjusting bars with one end being rotatably engaged to the movable bar and the other end being engaged to both side sides of the lower end of the pivot bars and being able to rotate around a rotational shaft. 7. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a pair of angle adjusting bars with each end being slidably engaged to the vertical bar, and a movable bar for fixing the angle adjusting bars to the vertical bars at a given position. 8. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a movable bar with both ends being slidably engaged to the pair of vertical bars 110, respectively, retainers provided to the movable bar to fix the movable bar to the vertical bars in a state in which the movable bars are moved to a desired position along the vertical bars, and a pair of angle adjusting bars with one end being rotatably engaged to the movable bar and the other end being engaged to both side sides of the lower end of the pivot bars and being able to rotate around a rotational shaft. 9. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a pair of angle adjusting bars with each end being slidably engaged to the vertical bar, and a movable bar for fixing the angle adjusting bars to the vertical bars at a given position. | Disclosed is a kicking training apparatus for allowing a user to practice accurately and effectively a kicking posture through gradual and systematic training, without bringing about body pain, when the user practices kick training, such as front kick or side kick, in exercise or martial arts including taekwondo. The kicking training apparatus includes a stationary frame which is fixed to a floor or a wall; a kicking training member with one end being rotatably engaged to an upper end of the stationary frame; and an angle adjusting member with one end being rotatably engaged to a lower end of the kicking training member, and the other end being able to move in a longitudinal direction of the stationary frame and being fixed to a desired position to adjust an angle of the kicking training member with respect to an upper end of the kicking training member.1. A kicking training apparatus comprising:
a stationary frame which is fixed to a floor or a wall; a kicking training member with one end being rotatably engaged to an upper end of the stationary frame; and an angle adjusting member with one end being rotatably engaged to a lower end of the kicking training member, and the other end being able to move in a longitudinal direction of the stationary frame and being fixed to a desired position to adjust an angle of the kicking training member with respect to an upper end of the kicking training member. 2. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the stationary frame includes a pair of vertical bars and a plurality of horizontal bars installed at plural positions between the pair of vertical bars. 3. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a fixing member for fixing at least one of the vertical bars and the horizontal bars; and strap holders provided to the pair of vertical bars, respectively, so that the user training a kicking posture can hold the strap holders by hands. 4. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the kicking training member includes
a pivot bar with one end being engaged to the horizontal bar which is the upper end of the stationary frame, the pivot bar being able to rotate around a pivot shaft, a roller support extending from the pivot bar in a longitudinal direction, and a plurality of roller members with both ends being rotatably engaged to the roller support, the roller members being arranged in a longitudinal direction of the roller support. 5. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the kicking training member includes
a pivot bar with one end being engaged to the horizontal bar which is the upper end of the stationary frame, the pivot bar being able to rotate around a pivot shaft, and a plurality of roller members with both ends being rotatably engaged to the pivot bar, the roller members being arranged in a longitudinal direction of the pivot bar. 6. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a movable bar with both ends being slidably engaged to the pair of vertical bars 110, respectively, retainers provided to the movable bar to fix the movable bar to the vertical bars in a state in which the movable bars are moved to a desired position along the vertical bars, and a pair of angle adjusting bars with one end being rotatably engaged to the movable bar and the other end being engaged to both side sides of the lower end of the pivot bars and being able to rotate around a rotational shaft. 7. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a pair of angle adjusting bars with each end being slidably engaged to the vertical bar, and a movable bar for fixing the angle adjusting bars to the vertical bars at a given position. 8. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a movable bar with both ends being slidably engaged to the pair of vertical bars 110, respectively, retainers provided to the movable bar to fix the movable bar to the vertical bars in a state in which the movable bars are moved to a desired position along the vertical bars, and a pair of angle adjusting bars with one end being rotatably engaged to the movable bar and the other end being engaged to both side sides of the lower end of the pivot bars and being able to rotate around a rotational shaft. 9. The kicking training apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the angle adjusting member includes
a pair of angle adjusting bars with each end being slidably engaged to the vertical bar, and a movable bar for fixing the angle adjusting bars to the vertical bars at a given position. | 3,700 |
339,061 | 16,799,972 | 3,711 | A system for delivering balls to each of two players playing on opposite sides of a field includes a remote control unit worn or placed on each of the two players, each remote control unit configured, upon activation of a particular player, to transmit a wireless signal that identifies a location of the particular player. A ball pitching machine includes a housing configured to receive and hold the balls, at least one wheel, a ball shooting mechanism that receives the balls and shoots one of the balls at a time; and a controller that includes a position-locator, the controller configured to receive and process the signal, direct positioning of the ball shooting mechanism so as to face the player that sent the signal and shoot one of the balls in a direction of the player's position, in accordance with the signal received from the remote control unit. | 1. A system for delivering balls to each of two players playing on opposite sides of a field, said system comprising:
a remote control unit worn or placed on each of the two players, each remote control unit configured, upon activation of a particular player, to transmit a wireless signal that identifies a location of the particular player; a ball pitching machine situated off the field, comprising:
a housing, including at least one wheel, configured to receive and hold the balls,
a ball shooting mechanism that receives the balls and shoots one of the balls at a time; and
a controller comprising a position-locator, the controller configured to receive and process the signal, direct positioning of the ball shooting mechanism so as to face the player that sent the signal and shoot one of the balls in a direction of the player's position, in accordance with the signal received from the remote control unit. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball pitching machine is situated adjacent a one end of a net that divides the field. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the positioning of the ball pitching mechanism in accordance with a direction of the controller is accomplished by the controller directing rotation of a plate at a bottom of the ball pitching machine. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the position locator is configured to determine a position of an outstretched hand of the player who activated the remote control such that the player who activated can conveniently catch a ball shot by the ball pitching machine. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to instruct the ball shooting mechanism to shoot the ball at a distance and an angle so as to be conveniently catchable by an outstretched (i) hand or (ii) racquet of the player. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to direct the ball shooting mechanism to shoot the one of the balls in the direction of the player's position within one second. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball pitching mechanism is configured to pitch balls to either player on any part of the field. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball pitching mechanism is configured to pitch balls to either player on any part of the field other than within a predefined distance from a net that divides the field. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball shooting mechanism includes two rotatable wheels situated such that balls coming from the ball feeder are urged to contact each of the two rotatable wheels so as to be thrust between the two rotatable wheels and shot out of the ball pitching machine. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball shooting mechanism includes two rotatable wheels attached to a fixture rotatable to change an angle at which the ball shooting mechanism ejects balls. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball shooting mechanism is configured to receive the balls from a ball feeder. 12. The system of claim 1, further comprising an apparatus for collecting the balls, the apparatus comprising:
a ball-adhering ribbon surrounding a perimeter of a bottom of a net on the field; a scooper attached to the ball-adhering ribbon and configured to advance relative to the ribbon and thereby collect balls that have adhered to said ribbon and urged the collected balls into the ball pitching machine for re-use, so that the players do not need to chase after the balls used during the game, thereby enhancing the game experience. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the scooper is configured to direct collected balls to a bottom of the ball pitching machine and wherein the ball feeder is configured to receive balls from the bottom of the ball pitching machine. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the ball pitching machine is situated adjacent one end of the track. 15. A system for delivering balls to each of two players playing on opposite sides of a field, said system comprising:
a remote control configured to be placed on each of the two players and configured to send a wireless signal that identifies a location of a particular player of the two players that sent the signal; a ball pitching machine comprising:
a housing configured to receive and hold the balls,
a ball feeder,
a ball shooting mechanism that receives the balls, one at a time, from the ball feeder and is configured to shoot one of the balls at a time; and
a rotatable barrel in communication with the housing and oriented at an angle to the housing, the barrel having an ejection component that cooperates with the shooting mechanism;
a controller comprising a position-locator, the controller configured to receive and process the signal, direct rotation of said rotatable barrel such that the ejection component faces the player that sent the signal and shoot one of the balls in a direction of the player's position, in accordance with the signal received from said remote control unit. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the ball shooting mechanism is inside the rotatable barrel. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the ball shooting mechanism includes two rotatable wheels situated such that balls coming from the ball feeder are urged to simultaneously contact each of the two rotatable wheels and be thrust between the two rotatable wheels. 18. The system of claim 15, wherein the controller is configured to instruct the ball shooting mechanism to shoot the ball at a distance configured to be catchable by an outstretched hand of the player. 19. The system of claim 15, wherein the ejection component juts out of the housing and wherein a remainder of the barrel is within the housing. 20. The system of claim 15, wherein the rotatable barrel is oriented at an angle to a side of the housing. 21. The system of claim 15, wherein the ball feeder is configured to receive balls that were collected on the field and urged into the ball pitching machine. 22. The system of claim 15, further comprising an apparatus for collecting the balls, the apparatus comprising:
a ball-adhering ribbon surrounding a perimeter of a bottom of a net on the field; a scooper attached to the ball-adhering ribbon and configured to advance relative to the ribbon and thereby collect balls that have adhered to said ribbon and urged the collected balls into the ball pitching machine for re-use, so that the players do not need to chase after the balls used during the game, thereby enhancing the game experience. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the scooper is configured to direct collected balls to a bottom of the ball pitching machine and wherein the ball feeder is configured to receive balls from the bottom of the ball pitching machine. 24. The system of claim 22, wherein the ball pitching machine is situated adjacent one end of the track. | A system for delivering balls to each of two players playing on opposite sides of a field includes a remote control unit worn or placed on each of the two players, each remote control unit configured, upon activation of a particular player, to transmit a wireless signal that identifies a location of the particular player. A ball pitching machine includes a housing configured to receive and hold the balls, at least one wheel, a ball shooting mechanism that receives the balls and shoots one of the balls at a time; and a controller that includes a position-locator, the controller configured to receive and process the signal, direct positioning of the ball shooting mechanism so as to face the player that sent the signal and shoot one of the balls in a direction of the player's position, in accordance with the signal received from the remote control unit.1. A system for delivering balls to each of two players playing on opposite sides of a field, said system comprising:
a remote control unit worn or placed on each of the two players, each remote control unit configured, upon activation of a particular player, to transmit a wireless signal that identifies a location of the particular player; a ball pitching machine situated off the field, comprising:
a housing, including at least one wheel, configured to receive and hold the balls,
a ball shooting mechanism that receives the balls and shoots one of the balls at a time; and
a controller comprising a position-locator, the controller configured to receive and process the signal, direct positioning of the ball shooting mechanism so as to face the player that sent the signal and shoot one of the balls in a direction of the player's position, in accordance with the signal received from the remote control unit. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball pitching machine is situated adjacent a one end of a net that divides the field. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the positioning of the ball pitching mechanism in accordance with a direction of the controller is accomplished by the controller directing rotation of a plate at a bottom of the ball pitching machine. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the position locator is configured to determine a position of an outstretched hand of the player who activated the remote control such that the player who activated can conveniently catch a ball shot by the ball pitching machine. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to instruct the ball shooting mechanism to shoot the ball at a distance and an angle so as to be conveniently catchable by an outstretched (i) hand or (ii) racquet of the player. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to direct the ball shooting mechanism to shoot the one of the balls in the direction of the player's position within one second. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball pitching mechanism is configured to pitch balls to either player on any part of the field. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball pitching mechanism is configured to pitch balls to either player on any part of the field other than within a predefined distance from a net that divides the field. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball shooting mechanism includes two rotatable wheels situated such that balls coming from the ball feeder are urged to contact each of the two rotatable wheels so as to be thrust between the two rotatable wheels and shot out of the ball pitching machine. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball shooting mechanism includes two rotatable wheels attached to a fixture rotatable to change an angle at which the ball shooting mechanism ejects balls. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the ball shooting mechanism is configured to receive the balls from a ball feeder. 12. The system of claim 1, further comprising an apparatus for collecting the balls, the apparatus comprising:
a ball-adhering ribbon surrounding a perimeter of a bottom of a net on the field; a scooper attached to the ball-adhering ribbon and configured to advance relative to the ribbon and thereby collect balls that have adhered to said ribbon and urged the collected balls into the ball pitching machine for re-use, so that the players do not need to chase after the balls used during the game, thereby enhancing the game experience. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the scooper is configured to direct collected balls to a bottom of the ball pitching machine and wherein the ball feeder is configured to receive balls from the bottom of the ball pitching machine. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the ball pitching machine is situated adjacent one end of the track. 15. A system for delivering balls to each of two players playing on opposite sides of a field, said system comprising:
a remote control configured to be placed on each of the two players and configured to send a wireless signal that identifies a location of a particular player of the two players that sent the signal; a ball pitching machine comprising:
a housing configured to receive and hold the balls,
a ball feeder,
a ball shooting mechanism that receives the balls, one at a time, from the ball feeder and is configured to shoot one of the balls at a time; and
a rotatable barrel in communication with the housing and oriented at an angle to the housing, the barrel having an ejection component that cooperates with the shooting mechanism;
a controller comprising a position-locator, the controller configured to receive and process the signal, direct rotation of said rotatable barrel such that the ejection component faces the player that sent the signal and shoot one of the balls in a direction of the player's position, in accordance with the signal received from said remote control unit. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the ball shooting mechanism is inside the rotatable barrel. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the ball shooting mechanism includes two rotatable wheels situated such that balls coming from the ball feeder are urged to simultaneously contact each of the two rotatable wheels and be thrust between the two rotatable wheels. 18. The system of claim 15, wherein the controller is configured to instruct the ball shooting mechanism to shoot the ball at a distance configured to be catchable by an outstretched hand of the player. 19. The system of claim 15, wherein the ejection component juts out of the housing and wherein a remainder of the barrel is within the housing. 20. The system of claim 15, wherein the rotatable barrel is oriented at an angle to a side of the housing. 21. The system of claim 15, wherein the ball feeder is configured to receive balls that were collected on the field and urged into the ball pitching machine. 22. The system of claim 15, further comprising an apparatus for collecting the balls, the apparatus comprising:
a ball-adhering ribbon surrounding a perimeter of a bottom of a net on the field; a scooper attached to the ball-adhering ribbon and configured to advance relative to the ribbon and thereby collect balls that have adhered to said ribbon and urged the collected balls into the ball pitching machine for re-use, so that the players do not need to chase after the balls used during the game, thereby enhancing the game experience. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the scooper is configured to direct collected balls to a bottom of the ball pitching machine and wherein the ball feeder is configured to receive balls from the bottom of the ball pitching machine. 24. The system of claim 22, wherein the ball pitching machine is situated adjacent one end of the track. | 3,700 |
339,062 | 16,799,935 | 3,711 | An imaging planning apparatus according to one embodiment includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry obtains a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination. The processing circuitry displays an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index on a display unit, displays an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart, and also displays a mark at a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart. | 1. An imaging planning apparatus comprising a processing circuitry configured to:
obtain a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; display an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index on a display; display an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; and display a mark at a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart. 2. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second index is a spatial resolution and a contrast-to-noise ratio. 3. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the X-ray imaging condition includes at least one of a tube current, a tube voltage, a helical pitch, a scanning range, a scan time, and a slice thickness. 4. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine whether the position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart falls within the acceptable range, and displays the determined determination result. 5. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 4, wherein, when it is determined that the position does not fall within the acceptable range, the processing circuitry is further configured to display a recommendation mark at a recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved. 6. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the recommended position is coordinate information on the association chart. 7. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to graphically indicate a specific position in the acceptable range, based on the recommended position. 8. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to adjust the X-ray imaging condition, based on a third value of the first index and a fourth value of the second index corresponding to the recommended position. 9. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to accept an instruction for moving the mark displayed on the display to a position in the acceptable range from an operator, and adjust the X-ray imaging condition based on a fifth value of the first index and a sixth value of the second index corresponding to the position included in the instruction. 10. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine the acceptable range based on a diagnostic performance model indicating a relationship between the first index and a diagnostic performance. 11. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 2, wherein the association chart is a space having three or more dimensions including the first index, the spatial resolution, and the contrast-to-noise ratio. 12. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to obtain a plurality of pieces of past historical examination data related to the predetermined examination, and establishes a range where the obtained pieces of historical examination data gather at a concentration of a certain level or higher as the acceptable range. 13. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to accept the instruction from the operator via a predetermined input interface. 14. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to display guidance information including at least one of a recommendation mark at the recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved, a path mark indicating a path along which the position is moved to the recommendation mark, and a matter of which an operator is advised to be aware in the predetermined examination. 15. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the imaging planning apparatus is included in a medical image diagnostic apparatus or in a medical information management server. 16. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to generate a prediction model for predicting the first value and the second value, based on historical data of a scan parameter and patient information, and obtains the first value and the second value corresponding to the X-ray imaging condition using the prediction model, as a prediction result. 17. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 8, wherein
the imaging planning apparatus is included in a medical information management server, and the medical information management server receives the X-ray imaging condition from a medical image diagnostic apparatus, and transmits the X-ray imaging condition adjusted by the processing circuitry to the medical image diagnostic apparatus or another medical image diagnostic apparatus. 18. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 17, wherein the medical information management server converts the X-ray imaging condition adjusted by the processing circuitry to an X-ray imaging condition adapted to a type of a receiving medical image diagnostic apparatus, and transmits the converted X-ray imaging condition to the receiving medical image diagnostic apparatus. 19. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the imaging planning apparatus is included in a medical image diagnostic apparatus, and when the medical image diagnostic apparatus receives the X-ray imaging condition from a medical information management server, the medical image diagnostic apparatus converts the received X-ray imaging condition to an X-ray imaging condition adapted to its own type, and the imaging planning apparatus obtains the first value and the second value based on the converted X-ray imaging condition. 20. An imaging planning method comprising:
obtaining a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; displaying an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index on a display unit; displaying an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; and displaying a mark at a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart. 21. An imaging planning apparatus comprising a processing circuitry configured to:
obtain a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; display an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index; display an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; determine whether a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart falls within the acceptable range; and display, when it is determined that the position does not fall within the acceptable range, a mark at a recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved. 22. An imaging planning method comprising:
obtaining a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; displaying an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index; displaying an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; determining whether a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart falls within the acceptable range; and displaying, when it is determined that the position does not fall within the acceptable range, a mark at a recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved. | An imaging planning apparatus according to one embodiment includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry obtains a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination. The processing circuitry displays an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index on a display unit, displays an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart, and also displays a mark at a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart.1. An imaging planning apparatus comprising a processing circuitry configured to:
obtain a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; display an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index on a display; display an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; and display a mark at a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart. 2. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second index is a spatial resolution and a contrast-to-noise ratio. 3. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the X-ray imaging condition includes at least one of a tube current, a tube voltage, a helical pitch, a scanning range, a scan time, and a slice thickness. 4. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine whether the position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart falls within the acceptable range, and displays the determined determination result. 5. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 4, wherein, when it is determined that the position does not fall within the acceptable range, the processing circuitry is further configured to display a recommendation mark at a recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved. 6. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the recommended position is coordinate information on the association chart. 7. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to graphically indicate a specific position in the acceptable range, based on the recommended position. 8. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to adjust the X-ray imaging condition, based on a third value of the first index and a fourth value of the second index corresponding to the recommended position. 9. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to accept an instruction for moving the mark displayed on the display to a position in the acceptable range from an operator, and adjust the X-ray imaging condition based on a fifth value of the first index and a sixth value of the second index corresponding to the position included in the instruction. 10. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine the acceptable range based on a diagnostic performance model indicating a relationship between the first index and a diagnostic performance. 11. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 2, wherein the association chart is a space having three or more dimensions including the first index, the spatial resolution, and the contrast-to-noise ratio. 12. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to obtain a plurality of pieces of past historical examination data related to the predetermined examination, and establishes a range where the obtained pieces of historical examination data gather at a concentration of a certain level or higher as the acceptable range. 13. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to accept the instruction from the operator via a predetermined input interface. 14. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to display guidance information including at least one of a recommendation mark at the recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved, a path mark indicating a path along which the position is moved to the recommendation mark, and a matter of which an operator is advised to be aware in the predetermined examination. 15. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the imaging planning apparatus is included in a medical image diagnostic apparatus or in a medical information management server. 16. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to generate a prediction model for predicting the first value and the second value, based on historical data of a scan parameter and patient information, and obtains the first value and the second value corresponding to the X-ray imaging condition using the prediction model, as a prediction result. 17. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 8, wherein
the imaging planning apparatus is included in a medical information management server, and the medical information management server receives the X-ray imaging condition from a medical image diagnostic apparatus, and transmits the X-ray imaging condition adjusted by the processing circuitry to the medical image diagnostic apparatus or another medical image diagnostic apparatus. 18. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 17, wherein the medical information management server converts the X-ray imaging condition adjusted by the processing circuitry to an X-ray imaging condition adapted to a type of a receiving medical image diagnostic apparatus, and transmits the converted X-ray imaging condition to the receiving medical image diagnostic apparatus. 19. The imaging planning apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the imaging planning apparatus is included in a medical image diagnostic apparatus, and when the medical image diagnostic apparatus receives the X-ray imaging condition from a medical information management server, the medical image diagnostic apparatus converts the received X-ray imaging condition to an X-ray imaging condition adapted to its own type, and the imaging planning apparatus obtains the first value and the second value based on the converted X-ray imaging condition. 20. An imaging planning method comprising:
obtaining a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; displaying an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index on a display unit; displaying an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; and displaying a mark at a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart. 21. An imaging planning apparatus comprising a processing circuitry configured to:
obtain a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; display an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index; display an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; determine whether a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart falls within the acceptable range; and display, when it is determined that the position does not fall within the acceptable range, a mark at a recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved. 22. An imaging planning method comprising:
obtaining a first value of a first index that is related to an X-ray dose, and a second value of a second index that is related to an image quality, based on an X-ray imaging condition of a subject set in a predetermined examination; displaying an association chart indicating an association between the first index and the second index; displaying an acceptable range of the first index and the second index, the acceptable range being based on information related to a diagnostic reference level corresponding to the predetermined examination, in a manner distinguished from a range other than the acceptable range in the association chart; determining whether a position corresponding to the first value and the second value in the association chart falls within the acceptable range; and displaying, when it is determined that the position does not fall within the acceptable range, a mark at a recommended position to which it is recommended that the position is moved. | 3,700 |
339,063 | 16,799,946 | 3,711 | An aircraft structure (11) for flow control including a perforated panel (13) having an inner surface (15) directed to a structure interior (17), an outer surface (19) in contact with an ambient flow (21), and a plurality of micro pores (23) connecting the inner and outer surfaces (15, 19). Weight reduction and maintaining required fatigue strength of the structure may be achieved because one or more elongate crack stopper elements (25) are attached to the inner surface (15) of the perforated panel (13), and the crack stopper elements (25) are configured to inhibit crack propagation within the perforated panel (13). | 1. An aircraft structure for flow control comprising
a perforated panel having an inner surface directed to a structure interior, an outer surface configured to be contact with an ambient flow, and a plurality of micro pores connecting the inner and outer surfaces, and at least one elongate crack stopper element attached to the inner surface of the perforated panel, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element is configured to inhibit crack propagation within the perforated panel. 2. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element extends in a main load direction of the aircraft structure. 3. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein a material forming the at least one elongate crack stopper element has a fatigue strength higher than a material forming the perforated panel. 4. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element includes at least one strip of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) material. 5. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element includes two adjacent crack stopper elements and each of the two adjacent crack stopper elements has a width (w) in a range of 1/100 to 1/1 of a distance (d) between the two adjacent crack stopper elements. 6. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the micro pores in the perforated panel extend through the at least one elongate crack stopper element. 7. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, further comprising an inner panel mounted to the perforated panel via stiffeners that are attached to the inner surface of the perforated panel. 8. The aircraft structure according to claim 7, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element includes a plurality of crack stopper elements between the inner surface of the perforated panel and at least some of the stiffeners. 9. The aircraft structure according to claim 7, wherein at least some of the stiffeners are configured as crack stopper elements of the at least one elongate crack stopper element. 10. The aircraft structure according to claim 9, wherein the stiffeners configured as crack stopper elements are formed of a material having a fatigue strength higher than a material forming the perforated panel. 11. The aircraft structure according to claim 9, wherein the stiffeners are formed as crack stopper elements are shaped are shaped for crack stopping. 12. The aircraft structure according to claim 11, wherein the stiffeners have an increased thickness at least at a head portion which is attached to the inner surface of the perforated panel. 13. An aircraft comprising a fuselage, wings, a vertical tail plane and a horizontal tail plane, wherein the aircraft structure according to claim 1, is arranged at the wings and/or at the vertical tail plane and/or at the horizontal tail plane. 14. An aerodynamic structure on an aircraft comprising:
a perforated skin panel included an outer surface configured to be in contact with an ambient airflow and inner surface opposite to the outer surface and facing an interior of the aerodynamic structure, and micro pores extending through the perforated skin panel and connecting the inner and outer surfaces, and crack stopper elements bonded to the inner surface of the perforated skin panel such that the crack stopper elements overlap at least some of the micro pores, wherein a plurality of the crack stopper elements are oriented in a spanwise direction of the aerodynamic structure and the crack stopper elements each have a width narrower than a gap between adjacent ones of the crack stopper elements. 15. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, wherein the perforated skin panel is metallic or a fiber metal laminate, and the crack stopper elements is a fiber reinforced plastic material. 16. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, wherein the crack stopper elements include micro pores aligned with the micro pores of the perforated skin panel. 17. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, further comprising stiffeners extending in the spanwise direction and the crack stopper elements are sandwiched between the stiffeners and the perforated skin panel. 18. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, further comprising stiffeners extending in the spanwise direction, and the crack stopper elements are integral with the stiffeners. | An aircraft structure (11) for flow control including a perforated panel (13) having an inner surface (15) directed to a structure interior (17), an outer surface (19) in contact with an ambient flow (21), and a plurality of micro pores (23) connecting the inner and outer surfaces (15, 19). Weight reduction and maintaining required fatigue strength of the structure may be achieved because one or more elongate crack stopper elements (25) are attached to the inner surface (15) of the perforated panel (13), and the crack stopper elements (25) are configured to inhibit crack propagation within the perforated panel (13).1. An aircraft structure for flow control comprising
a perforated panel having an inner surface directed to a structure interior, an outer surface configured to be contact with an ambient flow, and a plurality of micro pores connecting the inner and outer surfaces, and at least one elongate crack stopper element attached to the inner surface of the perforated panel, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element is configured to inhibit crack propagation within the perforated panel. 2. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element extends in a main load direction of the aircraft structure. 3. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein a material forming the at least one elongate crack stopper element has a fatigue strength higher than a material forming the perforated panel. 4. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element includes at least one strip of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) material. 5. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element includes two adjacent crack stopper elements and each of the two adjacent crack stopper elements has a width (w) in a range of 1/100 to 1/1 of a distance (d) between the two adjacent crack stopper elements. 6. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, wherein the micro pores in the perforated panel extend through the at least one elongate crack stopper element. 7. The aircraft structure according to claim 1, further comprising an inner panel mounted to the perforated panel via stiffeners that are attached to the inner surface of the perforated panel. 8. The aircraft structure according to claim 7, wherein the at least one elongate crack stopper element includes a plurality of crack stopper elements between the inner surface of the perforated panel and at least some of the stiffeners. 9. The aircraft structure according to claim 7, wherein at least some of the stiffeners are configured as crack stopper elements of the at least one elongate crack stopper element. 10. The aircraft structure according to claim 9, wherein the stiffeners configured as crack stopper elements are formed of a material having a fatigue strength higher than a material forming the perforated panel. 11. The aircraft structure according to claim 9, wherein the stiffeners are formed as crack stopper elements are shaped are shaped for crack stopping. 12. The aircraft structure according to claim 11, wherein the stiffeners have an increased thickness at least at a head portion which is attached to the inner surface of the perforated panel. 13. An aircraft comprising a fuselage, wings, a vertical tail plane and a horizontal tail plane, wherein the aircraft structure according to claim 1, is arranged at the wings and/or at the vertical tail plane and/or at the horizontal tail plane. 14. An aerodynamic structure on an aircraft comprising:
a perforated skin panel included an outer surface configured to be in contact with an ambient airflow and inner surface opposite to the outer surface and facing an interior of the aerodynamic structure, and micro pores extending through the perforated skin panel and connecting the inner and outer surfaces, and crack stopper elements bonded to the inner surface of the perforated skin panel such that the crack stopper elements overlap at least some of the micro pores, wherein a plurality of the crack stopper elements are oriented in a spanwise direction of the aerodynamic structure and the crack stopper elements each have a width narrower than a gap between adjacent ones of the crack stopper elements. 15. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, wherein the perforated skin panel is metallic or a fiber metal laminate, and the crack stopper elements is a fiber reinforced plastic material. 16. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, wherein the crack stopper elements include micro pores aligned with the micro pores of the perforated skin panel. 17. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, further comprising stiffeners extending in the spanwise direction and the crack stopper elements are sandwiched between the stiffeners and the perforated skin panel. 18. The aerodynamic structure of claim 14, further comprising stiffeners extending in the spanwise direction, and the crack stopper elements are integral with the stiffeners. | 3,700 |
339,064 | 16,799,945 | 3,711 | Aspects of the disclosure relate to arranging a pick up and drop off locations between a driverless vehicle and a passenger. As an example, a method of doing so may include receiving a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location. Pre-stored map information and the first location are used to identify a recommended point according to a set of heuristics. Each heuristic of the set of heuristics has a ranking such that the recommended point corresponds to a location that satisfies at least one of the heuristics having a first rank and such that no other location satisfies any other heuristic of the set of heuristics having a higher rank than the first rank. The pre-stored map information identifying a plurality of pre-determined locations for the vehicle to stop, and the recommended point is one of the plurality of pre-determined locations. The recommended point is then provided the client computing device for display on a display of the client computing device with a map. | 1. A method comprising:
receiving, by one or more processors, a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location; identifying, by one or more processors, a recommended location based on an expected location of an entrance or exit of a building and the first location; and providing, by one or more processors, the recommended location to the client computing device for display with a map on a display of the client computing device, wherein the recommended location is provided as a suggested alternative to the first location. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected location of the entrance or exit is stored in pre-stored map information of the vehicle. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected location of the entrance is a closest expected location of an entrance to a building at the first location. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on whether the expected location of an entrance or exit of the building is within a predetermined distance of the first location. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a predetermined distance of a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information of the vehicle. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information of the vehicle. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying the expected location of the entrance or exit based on a known location of a handicapped parking spot. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on ranking a set of heuristics where predetermined stopping locations proximate to expected entrances are ranked higher than predetermined stopping locations that are not proximate to expected entrances. 9. A system comprising one or more processors configured to:
receive a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location; identify a recommended location based on an expected location of an entrance or exit of a building and the first location; and provide the recommended location to the client computing device for display with a map on a display of the client computing device, wherein the recommended location is provided as a suggested alternative to the first location. 10. The system of claim 9, further comprising the vehicle. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the vehicle includes memory storing map information, and wherein the expected location of the entrance or exit is stored in the map information. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the expected location of the entrance is a closest expected location of an entrance to a building at the first location. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location further based on whether the expected location of an entrance or exit of the building is within a predetermined distance of the first location. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a predetermined distance of a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the expected location of the entrance or exit based on a known location of a handicapped parking spot. 17. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location further based on ranking a set of heuristics where predetermined stopping locations proximate to expected entrances are ranked higher than predetermined stopping locations that are not proximate to expected entrances. 18. A non-transitory computer readable medium on which instructions are stored, the instructions, when performed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform a method, the method comprising:
receiving a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location; identifying a recommended location based on an expected location of an entrance or exit of a building and the first location; and providing the recommended location to the client computing device for display with a map on a display of the client computing device, wherein the recommended location is provided as a suggested alternative to the first location. 19. The medium of claim 18, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on whether the expected location of an entrance or exit of the building is within a predetermined distance of the first location. 20. The medium of claim 18, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on ranking a set of heuristics where predetermined stopping locations proximate to expected entrances are ranked higher than predetermined stopping locations that are not proximate to expected entrances. | Aspects of the disclosure relate to arranging a pick up and drop off locations between a driverless vehicle and a passenger. As an example, a method of doing so may include receiving a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location. Pre-stored map information and the first location are used to identify a recommended point according to a set of heuristics. Each heuristic of the set of heuristics has a ranking such that the recommended point corresponds to a location that satisfies at least one of the heuristics having a first rank and such that no other location satisfies any other heuristic of the set of heuristics having a higher rank than the first rank. The pre-stored map information identifying a plurality of pre-determined locations for the vehicle to stop, and the recommended point is one of the plurality of pre-determined locations. The recommended point is then provided the client computing device for display on a display of the client computing device with a map.1. A method comprising:
receiving, by one or more processors, a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location; identifying, by one or more processors, a recommended location based on an expected location of an entrance or exit of a building and the first location; and providing, by one or more processors, the recommended location to the client computing device for display with a map on a display of the client computing device, wherein the recommended location is provided as a suggested alternative to the first location. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected location of the entrance or exit is stored in pre-stored map information of the vehicle. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the expected location of the entrance is a closest expected location of an entrance to a building at the first location. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on whether the expected location of an entrance or exit of the building is within a predetermined distance of the first location. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a predetermined distance of a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information of the vehicle. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information of the vehicle. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying the expected location of the entrance or exit based on a known location of a handicapped parking spot. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on ranking a set of heuristics where predetermined stopping locations proximate to expected entrances are ranked higher than predetermined stopping locations that are not proximate to expected entrances. 9. A system comprising one or more processors configured to:
receive a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location; identify a recommended location based on an expected location of an entrance or exit of a building and the first location; and provide the recommended location to the client computing device for display with a map on a display of the client computing device, wherein the recommended location is provided as a suggested alternative to the first location. 10. The system of claim 9, further comprising the vehicle. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the vehicle includes memory storing map information, and wherein the expected location of the entrance or exit is stored in the map information. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the expected location of the entrance is a closest expected location of an entrance to a building at the first location. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location further based on whether the expected location of an entrance or exit of the building is within a predetermined distance of the first location. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a predetermined distance of a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location is based on whether the first location is within a building outline of the building stored in pre-stored map information. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the expected location of the entrance or exit based on a known location of a handicapped parking spot. 17. The system of claim 9, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to identify the recommended location further based on ranking a set of heuristics where predetermined stopping locations proximate to expected entrances are ranked higher than predetermined stopping locations that are not proximate to expected entrances. 18. A non-transitory computer readable medium on which instructions are stored, the instructions, when performed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform a method, the method comprising:
receiving a request for a vehicle from a client computing device, wherein the request identifies a first location; identifying a recommended location based on an expected location of an entrance or exit of a building and the first location; and providing the recommended location to the client computing device for display with a map on a display of the client computing device, wherein the recommended location is provided as a suggested alternative to the first location. 19. The medium of claim 18, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on whether the expected location of an entrance or exit of the building is within a predetermined distance of the first location. 20. The medium of claim 18, wherein identifying the recommended location is further based on ranking a set of heuristics where predetermined stopping locations proximate to expected entrances are ranked higher than predetermined stopping locations that are not proximate to expected entrances. | 3,700 |
339,065 | 16,799,934 | 3,711 | According to one embodiment, in a secondary battery, a first container member has an accommodating space defined by a bottom wall and side walls, and includes a flange, defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space, at a portion opposite to the bottom wall. The electrode group is accommodated in the accommodating space, and the second container member is arranged to face the flange. A welding part, provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, hermetically welds the flange and the second container member to seal the accommodating space. A projection, provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, projects toward another of the flange and the second container member. | 1. A secondary battery comprising:
a first container member including a bottom wall and side walls, and made of stainless steel, wherein an accommodating space is defined by the bottom wall and the side walls, and the accommodating space has an opening opposite to the bottom wall; a flange provided at a portion opposite to the bottom wall in the first container member, the flange defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space; an electrode group including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and accommodated in the accommodating space; a second container member made of stainless steel, and arranged to face the flange, the second container member closing the opening of the accommodating space; a welding part provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, and hermetically welding the flange and the second container member over an entire perimeter of the opening so as to seal the accommodating space; and a projection provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, and projecting toward another of the flange and the second container member. 2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a tunnel vault form. 3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a dome shape. 4. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is a plurality of projections which is close to one another and which is aligned in a predetermined direction. 5. The secondary battery according to claim 4,
wherein each of the projections is formed in a tunnel vault form, the projections are extended in parallel to or approximately in parallel to one another, and the predetermined direction in which the projections are aligned is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of each of the projections. 6. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of each of the first container member and the second container member is from 0.02 mm to 0.3 mm. 7. A method of recycling the secondary battery according to claim 1, comprising:
forming an opening hole in one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the projection and near the projection; and discharging gas in the accommodating space from the opening hole. 8. The method of recycling according to claim 7, further comprising hermetically welding the flange and the second container member between the opening hole and the projection after discharging the gas to block a path of the gas between the opening hole and the projection. | According to one embodiment, in a secondary battery, a first container member has an accommodating space defined by a bottom wall and side walls, and includes a flange, defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space, at a portion opposite to the bottom wall. The electrode group is accommodated in the accommodating space, and the second container member is arranged to face the flange. A welding part, provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, hermetically welds the flange and the second container member to seal the accommodating space. A projection, provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, projects toward another of the flange and the second container member.1. A secondary battery comprising:
a first container member including a bottom wall and side walls, and made of stainless steel, wherein an accommodating space is defined by the bottom wall and the side walls, and the accommodating space has an opening opposite to the bottom wall; a flange provided at a portion opposite to the bottom wall in the first container member, the flange defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space; an electrode group including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and accommodated in the accommodating space; a second container member made of stainless steel, and arranged to face the flange, the second container member closing the opening of the accommodating space; a welding part provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, and hermetically welding the flange and the second container member over an entire perimeter of the opening so as to seal the accommodating space; and a projection provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, and projecting toward another of the flange and the second container member. 2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a tunnel vault form. 3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a dome shape. 4. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is a plurality of projections which is close to one another and which is aligned in a predetermined direction. 5. The secondary battery according to claim 4,
wherein each of the projections is formed in a tunnel vault form, the projections are extended in parallel to or approximately in parallel to one another, and the predetermined direction in which the projections are aligned is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of each of the projections. 6. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of each of the first container member and the second container member is from 0.02 mm to 0.3 mm. 7. A method of recycling the secondary battery according to claim 1, comprising:
forming an opening hole in one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the projection and near the projection; and discharging gas in the accommodating space from the opening hole. 8. The method of recycling according to claim 7, further comprising hermetically welding the flange and the second container member between the opening hole and the projection after discharging the gas to block a path of the gas between the opening hole and the projection. | 3,700 |
339,066 | 16,799,943 | 2,684 | According to one embodiment, in a secondary battery, a first container member has an accommodating space defined by a bottom wall and side walls, and includes a flange, defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space, at a portion opposite to the bottom wall. The electrode group is accommodated in the accommodating space, and the second container member is arranged to face the flange. A welding part, provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, hermetically welds the flange and the second container member to seal the accommodating space. A projection, provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, projects toward another of the flange and the second container member. | 1. A secondary battery comprising:
a first container member including a bottom wall and side walls, and made of stainless steel, wherein an accommodating space is defined by the bottom wall and the side walls, and the accommodating space has an opening opposite to the bottom wall; a flange provided at a portion opposite to the bottom wall in the first container member, the flange defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space; an electrode group including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and accommodated in the accommodating space; a second container member made of stainless steel, and arranged to face the flange, the second container member closing the opening of the accommodating space; a welding part provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, and hermetically welding the flange and the second container member over an entire perimeter of the opening so as to seal the accommodating space; and a projection provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, and projecting toward another of the flange and the second container member. 2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a tunnel vault form. 3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a dome shape. 4. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is a plurality of projections which is close to one another and which is aligned in a predetermined direction. 5. The secondary battery according to claim 4,
wherein each of the projections is formed in a tunnel vault form, the projections are extended in parallel to or approximately in parallel to one another, and the predetermined direction in which the projections are aligned is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of each of the projections. 6. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of each of the first container member and the second container member is from 0.02 mm to 0.3 mm. 7. A method of recycling the secondary battery according to claim 1, comprising:
forming an opening hole in one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the projection and near the projection; and discharging gas in the accommodating space from the opening hole. 8. The method of recycling according to claim 7, further comprising hermetically welding the flange and the second container member between the opening hole and the projection after discharging the gas to block a path of the gas between the opening hole and the projection. | According to one embodiment, in a secondary battery, a first container member has an accommodating space defined by a bottom wall and side walls, and includes a flange, defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space, at a portion opposite to the bottom wall. The electrode group is accommodated in the accommodating space, and the second container member is arranged to face the flange. A welding part, provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, hermetically welds the flange and the second container member to seal the accommodating space. A projection, provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, projects toward another of the flange and the second container member.1. A secondary battery comprising:
a first container member including a bottom wall and side walls, and made of stainless steel, wherein an accommodating space is defined by the bottom wall and the side walls, and the accommodating space has an opening opposite to the bottom wall; a flange provided at a portion opposite to the bottom wall in the first container member, the flange defining an edge of the opening of the accommodating space; an electrode group including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and accommodated in the accommodating space; a second container member made of stainless steel, and arranged to face the flange, the second container member closing the opening of the accommodating space; a welding part provided on an outer side relative to the edge of the opening, and hermetically welding the flange and the second container member over an entire perimeter of the opening so as to seal the accommodating space; and a projection provided on one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the edge of the opening, and projecting toward another of the flange and the second container member. 2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a tunnel vault form. 3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is formed in a dome shape. 4. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the projection is a plurality of projections which is close to one another and which is aligned in a predetermined direction. 5. The secondary battery according to claim 4,
wherein each of the projections is formed in a tunnel vault form, the projections are extended in parallel to or approximately in parallel to one another, and the predetermined direction in which the projections are aligned is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of each of the projections. 6. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of each of the first container member and the second container member is from 0.02 mm to 0.3 mm. 7. A method of recycling the secondary battery according to claim 1, comprising:
forming an opening hole in one of the flange and the second container member between the welding part and the projection and near the projection; and discharging gas in the accommodating space from the opening hole. 8. The method of recycling according to claim 7, further comprising hermetically welding the flange and the second container member between the opening hole and the projection after discharging the gas to block a path of the gas between the opening hole and the projection. | 2,600 |
339,067 | 16,799,932 | 2,684 | A device for providing cardiac treatment at the left atrium of a patient's heart. The device includes a retention body and a prosthetic valve. The retention body has a shape that can be manipulated between a collapsed state and a normal or expanded state. First and second openings are defined at one side of the retention body, and a lower opening is defined at an opposite side. The prosthetic valve is carried by the retention body at the lower opening. The retention body is configured to engage a substantial portion of an interior surface of the left atrium, securing the prosthetic valve at a desired location relative to a native mitral valve (e.g., within the mitral valve or slightly spaced from the mitral valve). The first and second openings are sized and shaped so as to permit blood flow from the pulmonary veins into the interior region. | 1. A device for implantation within a patient's left atrium having a size and shape defined by at least an atrial roof and walls and an annulus having an upper surface, the device adapted to supplement and/or replace the native mitral valve leaflet functionality, the device comprising:
a retention body comprising a self-expanding and collapsible stent defining an interior, a first side and a second side and comprising: an expandable and collapsible base section having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the outer surface of the base section comprises a lowermost surface of the device; a lower opening disposed at the first side of the retention body; at least one support member attached to the second side of the retention body opposite the first side; an upper support member top attached to the at least one support member that, when implanted, is in contact with the atrial roof, the at least one support member biased to press the upper support member top against the atrial roof; and a prosthetic valve comprising a plurality of prosthetic leaflets, wherein the prosthetic valve is disposed entirely within the interior of the base section and proximate the lower opening disposed at the first side of the retention body such that the prosthetic valve is spaced above the lowermost surface of the device, wherein the retention body is arranged to achieve at least one biased expanded state and a collapsed state; and wherein the upper support member top is urged against the atrial roof of the left atrium, the first side of the retention body is urged against the upper surface of the annulus, and the base section is urged against the walls of the left atrium and thereby are configured to hold the expanded device in position within the chamber only by a combination of pressured and frictional fit positioning, wherein, when expanded within the left atrium, the device is configured to be completely retained within the left atrium and wherein the prosthetic valve is configured to be spaced away from the native mitral valve leaflets. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the retention body is arranged to achieve at least one biased expanded state and a collapsed state, the at least one biased expanded state comprising a retention body size and shape that at least partially conforms with the size and shape of the heart chamber. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper support member top consists of one of a non-compliant and a compliant material. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper support member top comprises a memory shape material. 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the upper support member top comprises nitinol. 6. The device of claim 5, wherein the memory shape material comprises nitinol formed into loops. 7. The device of claim 1, further comprising a covering over the upper support member top. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the covering comprises at least one of the group consisting of: tissue and fabric. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper support member top is an open structure. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the open structure consists of one of a compliant and a non-compliant material. 11. The device of claim 9, wherein the open structure comprises a memory shape material. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the open structure comprises nitinol. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the memory shape material comprises nitinol formed into loops. 14. The device of claim 9, wherein the open structure is covered by at least one of the group consisting of: tissue and fabric. 15. The device of claim 1, wherein the base section comprises an expanding compliant material. 16. The device of claim 1, further comprising a liner over the base section. 17. The device of claim 1, the retention body comprising a shape memory material. 18. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory material comprises nitinol. 19. The device of claim 1, the retention body comprising expanding springs. 20. The device of claim 1, wherein at least part of the outer surface of the base section comprises a liner. 21. The device of claim 20, wherein the liner comprises at least one of the group consisting of: a fabric, a polymer, a metal mesh, braided material, amnion tissue, placental tissue, pericardium tissue, small intestine tissue, and an anti-thrombotic material. 22. The device of claim 21, wherein the liner is in direct, intimate and sealed contact with the atrial walls. 23. The device of claim 1, further comprising a skirt attached to the base proximate the lower opening and extending radially outwardly around the base section. 24. The device of claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the base section is configured to be in covered and sealed engagement over the left atrial appendage located in the left atrium. 25. The device of claim 20, wherein the liner is configured to cover the left atrial appendage located in the left atrium. 26. The device of claim 23, wherein the skirt is configured to cover the left atrial appendage located in the left atrium. 27. The device of claim 1, wherein the prosthetic valve is configured to be spaced above the native mitral valve leaflets. | A device for providing cardiac treatment at the left atrium of a patient's heart. The device includes a retention body and a prosthetic valve. The retention body has a shape that can be manipulated between a collapsed state and a normal or expanded state. First and second openings are defined at one side of the retention body, and a lower opening is defined at an opposite side. The prosthetic valve is carried by the retention body at the lower opening. The retention body is configured to engage a substantial portion of an interior surface of the left atrium, securing the prosthetic valve at a desired location relative to a native mitral valve (e.g., within the mitral valve or slightly spaced from the mitral valve). The first and second openings are sized and shaped so as to permit blood flow from the pulmonary veins into the interior region.1. A device for implantation within a patient's left atrium having a size and shape defined by at least an atrial roof and walls and an annulus having an upper surface, the device adapted to supplement and/or replace the native mitral valve leaflet functionality, the device comprising:
a retention body comprising a self-expanding and collapsible stent defining an interior, a first side and a second side and comprising: an expandable and collapsible base section having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the outer surface of the base section comprises a lowermost surface of the device; a lower opening disposed at the first side of the retention body; at least one support member attached to the second side of the retention body opposite the first side; an upper support member top attached to the at least one support member that, when implanted, is in contact with the atrial roof, the at least one support member biased to press the upper support member top against the atrial roof; and a prosthetic valve comprising a plurality of prosthetic leaflets, wherein the prosthetic valve is disposed entirely within the interior of the base section and proximate the lower opening disposed at the first side of the retention body such that the prosthetic valve is spaced above the lowermost surface of the device, wherein the retention body is arranged to achieve at least one biased expanded state and a collapsed state; and wherein the upper support member top is urged against the atrial roof of the left atrium, the first side of the retention body is urged against the upper surface of the annulus, and the base section is urged against the walls of the left atrium and thereby are configured to hold the expanded device in position within the chamber only by a combination of pressured and frictional fit positioning, wherein, when expanded within the left atrium, the device is configured to be completely retained within the left atrium and wherein the prosthetic valve is configured to be spaced away from the native mitral valve leaflets. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the retention body is arranged to achieve at least one biased expanded state and a collapsed state, the at least one biased expanded state comprising a retention body size and shape that at least partially conforms with the size and shape of the heart chamber. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper support member top consists of one of a non-compliant and a compliant material. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper support member top comprises a memory shape material. 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the upper support member top comprises nitinol. 6. The device of claim 5, wherein the memory shape material comprises nitinol formed into loops. 7. The device of claim 1, further comprising a covering over the upper support member top. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the covering comprises at least one of the group consisting of: tissue and fabric. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein the upper support member top is an open structure. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the open structure consists of one of a compliant and a non-compliant material. 11. The device of claim 9, wherein the open structure comprises a memory shape material. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the open structure comprises nitinol. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the memory shape material comprises nitinol formed into loops. 14. The device of claim 9, wherein the open structure is covered by at least one of the group consisting of: tissue and fabric. 15. The device of claim 1, wherein the base section comprises an expanding compliant material. 16. The device of claim 1, further comprising a liner over the base section. 17. The device of claim 1, the retention body comprising a shape memory material. 18. The device of claim 1, wherein the shape memory material comprises nitinol. 19. The device of claim 1, the retention body comprising expanding springs. 20. The device of claim 1, wherein at least part of the outer surface of the base section comprises a liner. 21. The device of claim 20, wherein the liner comprises at least one of the group consisting of: a fabric, a polymer, a metal mesh, braided material, amnion tissue, placental tissue, pericardium tissue, small intestine tissue, and an anti-thrombotic material. 22. The device of claim 21, wherein the liner is in direct, intimate and sealed contact with the atrial walls. 23. The device of claim 1, further comprising a skirt attached to the base proximate the lower opening and extending radially outwardly around the base section. 24. The device of claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the base section is configured to be in covered and sealed engagement over the left atrial appendage located in the left atrium. 25. The device of claim 20, wherein the liner is configured to cover the left atrial appendage located in the left atrium. 26. The device of claim 23, wherein the skirt is configured to cover the left atrial appendage located in the left atrium. 27. The device of claim 1, wherein the prosthetic valve is configured to be spaced above the native mitral valve leaflets. | 2,600 |
339,068 | 16,799,923 | 2,684 | A loading/unloading device for attachment to a delivery vehicle to facilitate at least one of load and unloading of the delivery vehicle. The loading/unloading device comprises a fixed base member for attachment to the delivery vehicle. A movable base member is supported and axially movable, by a first drive, with respect to the fixed base member. A first end of a lifting arm is pivotably connected to a first end of the movable base member, and the lifting arm is pivotable mounted with respect to the movable base member by a second drive to facilitate pivoting movement of the lifting arm relative to the movable base member. A first end of a support arm is pivotably connected to a second end of the lifting arm, and the support arm is pivotably mounted with respect to the lifting arm to facilitate loading and unloading of the delivery vehicle. | 1. A loading/unloading device for attachment to a delivery vehicle to facilitate at least one of load and unloading of the delivery vehicle, the loading/unloading device comprising:
a fixed base member being attachable to the delivery vehicle; a movable base member being supported by and being axially movable, by a first drive, with respect to the fixed base member; a first end of a lifting arm being pivotably connected to a first end of the movable base member, and the lifting arm being rotatably connected with respect to the movable base member by a second drive to facilitate pivoting movement of the lifting arm relative to the movable base member; and a first end of a support arm being rotatably connected to a second end of the lifting arm, and the support arm being rotatably mounted with respect to the lifting arm to facilitate at least one of loading and unloading of the delivery vehicle. 2. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the first drive comprises one of a pneumatic piston, a hydraulic piston, and an electric or hydraulic motor with a leadscrew which facilitates movement of the movable base member relative to the fixed base member between a fully retracted position and a fully extended position, and vice versa. 3. The loading/unloading device according to claim 2, wherein the second drive is coupled the first end of the support arm to facilitate pivoting of the lifting arm with respect to the movable base member, and the second drive, during operation, is coupled to the support arm so as to correspondingly pivot the support arm, with respect to the lifting arm, so that the support arm remains parallel to the movable base member during pivoting movement of the lifting arm. 4. The loading/unloading device according to claim 2, wherein the second drive has a rotatable shaft which extends through a respective through bore formed in each of the first end of the lifting arm and the first end of the movable base member, the second drive is fixedly connected to one of the lifting arm and the movable base member while the other of the lifting arm and the movable base member is fixedly connected to the rotatable shaft of the second drive. 5. The loading/unloading device according to claim 4, wherein a first gear is secured to the rotatable shaft of the second drive and the first gear rotates with the rotatable shaft, a driven shaft is fixed to the support arm, the driven shaft extends through a through bore formed in a second end of the lifting arm, a free end of the driven shaft supports a second gear, and a chain links the first gear with the second gear to facilitate the second drive maintaining the support arm parallel to the movable base member during pivoting movement of the lifting arm. 6. The loading/unloading device according to claim 5, wherein the support arm is coupled to the lifting arm by a bracket which supports the driven shaft, the driven shaft is fixedly connected to the bracket and a free end of the driven shaft supports the second gear, a through bore is formed in the bracket substantially normal to the driven shaft, and
a fourth drive is fixedly connected to one of the support arm and the bracket while a free end of the rotatable shaft of the fourth drive is connected to the other of the support arm and the bracket so as to provide relative rotation of the support arm with respect to the bracket. 7. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the support arm is a C-shaped support arm platform, and the fourth drive facilitates rotation of the C-shaped support arm platform relative to the bracket. 8. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a third drive couples the first end of the support arm to the second end of the lifting arm, and the third drive controls pivoting motion of the support arm relative to the lifting arm so that as the lifting arm pivots with respect to the movable base member, the second drive also correspondingly pivots the support arm with respect to the lifting arm so that the support arm remains parallel to the movable base member. 9. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a driven shaft is fixed to the support arm and the driven shaft extends through a through bore formed in a second end of the lifting arm, a free end of the driven shaft supports a second gear, a rotatable shaft of a third drive extends through a third through bore formed in the lifting arm, the third drive is secured to the lifting arm while a free end of the rotatable shaft of the third drive supports a first gear, and a chain links the first gear to the second gear to facilitate pivoting of the support arm relative to the lifting arm. 10. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed base member, the movable base member and the lifting arm are all supported by a rotatable support arm platform so as to rotate together in unison with one another relative to a support structure of the delivery vehicle and thereby provide an additional range of movement for the loading/unloading device. 11. The loading/unloading device according to claim 10, wherein the rotatable support arm platform includes a central shaft and a support structure of the delivery vehicle has a mating bore which receives and rotatably supports the central shaft, the fixed base member is secured to a bottom surface of the rotatable support arm platform, and a fifth drive is supported by the support structure to facilitate rotation of the rotatable support arm platform relative to the support structure. 12. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the pivotable connection between the first end of the movable base member and the first end of the lifting arm and of the pivotable connection between the second end of the lifting arm and the first end of the support arm has a worm drive which facilitates pivoting therebetween. 13. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein an external gearing is formed in an outer periphery of the first end of the lifting arm, and the second drive engages with the external gearing to facilitate pivoting of the lifting arm relative to the movable arm. 14. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the second drive comprises an actuation cylinder which couples the first end of the movable base member to the first end of the lifting arm and pressurization of the actuation cylinder induces pivoting movement of the lifting arm with respect to the movable base member. 15. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1 in combination with the delivery vehicle, wherein a support bed or surface of the delivery vehicle is equipped with a conveying mechanism which assists with conveying a supported load along the support bed or surface, the conveying mechanism comprises at least one endless belt which extends along a portion of a top surface of the support bed or surface, the at least one endless belt wraps around a respective pair of opposed belt return wheels, and a belt drive facilitates driving the at least one endless belt in a desired rotational direction. 16. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the delivery vehicle includes at least one of a pair of outriggers and a pair of vertical stabilizers which, when deployed, assist with increasing a foot print of the delivery vehicle and add stability to the delivery vehicle during loading and unloading of a load, and the at least one of a pair of outriggers and vertical stabilizers each have an deployed, extended position and a transportable retractable position. 17. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a third drive couples the second end of the lifting arm to the first end of the support arm, and the third drive controls pivoting motion of the support arm relative to the lifting arm so that as the lifting arm pivots with respect to the movable base member, 18. The loading/unloading device according to claim 11, wherein a fourth drive is fixedly connected to one of the support arm and the bracket while a free end of the rotatable shaft of the fourth drive is connected to the other of the support arm and the bracket so as to provide relative rotation of the support arm with respect to the bracket, and
each of the first, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth drives is geared sufficiently low so as to provide precise control of desired rotational movement while still being sufficiently powerful enough to facilitate lifting a load supported by the support arm. 19. The loading/unloading device according to claim 18, wherein each of each of the first, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth drives is coupled to a control panel which controls operation thereof. 20. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a movable hinge is supported by the rotatable connection between the movable base member and the lifting arm:
the second drive comprises at least first and second actuation cylinders, the first actuation cylinder couples the movable base member to the movable hinge while the second actuation cylinder couples the lifting arm to the movable hinge; and each one of the at least first and the second actuation cylinders is selectively actuable for altering a position of the lifting arm relative to the movable base member. 21. A method of at least one of load and unloading of a delivery vehicle with a loading/unloading device, the method comprising the steps of:
fixedly securing a fixed base member to the delivery vehicle; supporting a movable base member so as to be axially movable relative to the fixed base member by a first drive member; rotatably coupling a first end of a lifting arm, via a second drive, so as to be rotatable with respect to the movable base member; rotatably coupling a first end of a support arm to a second end of the lifting arm; and using the loading/unloading device to facilitate at least one of load and unloading of the delivery vehicle. | A loading/unloading device for attachment to a delivery vehicle to facilitate at least one of load and unloading of the delivery vehicle. The loading/unloading device comprises a fixed base member for attachment to the delivery vehicle. A movable base member is supported and axially movable, by a first drive, with respect to the fixed base member. A first end of a lifting arm is pivotably connected to a first end of the movable base member, and the lifting arm is pivotable mounted with respect to the movable base member by a second drive to facilitate pivoting movement of the lifting arm relative to the movable base member. A first end of a support arm is pivotably connected to a second end of the lifting arm, and the support arm is pivotably mounted with respect to the lifting arm to facilitate loading and unloading of the delivery vehicle.1. A loading/unloading device for attachment to a delivery vehicle to facilitate at least one of load and unloading of the delivery vehicle, the loading/unloading device comprising:
a fixed base member being attachable to the delivery vehicle; a movable base member being supported by and being axially movable, by a first drive, with respect to the fixed base member; a first end of a lifting arm being pivotably connected to a first end of the movable base member, and the lifting arm being rotatably connected with respect to the movable base member by a second drive to facilitate pivoting movement of the lifting arm relative to the movable base member; and a first end of a support arm being rotatably connected to a second end of the lifting arm, and the support arm being rotatably mounted with respect to the lifting arm to facilitate at least one of loading and unloading of the delivery vehicle. 2. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the first drive comprises one of a pneumatic piston, a hydraulic piston, and an electric or hydraulic motor with a leadscrew which facilitates movement of the movable base member relative to the fixed base member between a fully retracted position and a fully extended position, and vice versa. 3. The loading/unloading device according to claim 2, wherein the second drive is coupled the first end of the support arm to facilitate pivoting of the lifting arm with respect to the movable base member, and the second drive, during operation, is coupled to the support arm so as to correspondingly pivot the support arm, with respect to the lifting arm, so that the support arm remains parallel to the movable base member during pivoting movement of the lifting arm. 4. The loading/unloading device according to claim 2, wherein the second drive has a rotatable shaft which extends through a respective through bore formed in each of the first end of the lifting arm and the first end of the movable base member, the second drive is fixedly connected to one of the lifting arm and the movable base member while the other of the lifting arm and the movable base member is fixedly connected to the rotatable shaft of the second drive. 5. The loading/unloading device according to claim 4, wherein a first gear is secured to the rotatable shaft of the second drive and the first gear rotates with the rotatable shaft, a driven shaft is fixed to the support arm, the driven shaft extends through a through bore formed in a second end of the lifting arm, a free end of the driven shaft supports a second gear, and a chain links the first gear with the second gear to facilitate the second drive maintaining the support arm parallel to the movable base member during pivoting movement of the lifting arm. 6. The loading/unloading device according to claim 5, wherein the support arm is coupled to the lifting arm by a bracket which supports the driven shaft, the driven shaft is fixedly connected to the bracket and a free end of the driven shaft supports the second gear, a through bore is formed in the bracket substantially normal to the driven shaft, and
a fourth drive is fixedly connected to one of the support arm and the bracket while a free end of the rotatable shaft of the fourth drive is connected to the other of the support arm and the bracket so as to provide relative rotation of the support arm with respect to the bracket. 7. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the support arm is a C-shaped support arm platform, and the fourth drive facilitates rotation of the C-shaped support arm platform relative to the bracket. 8. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a third drive couples the first end of the support arm to the second end of the lifting arm, and the third drive controls pivoting motion of the support arm relative to the lifting arm so that as the lifting arm pivots with respect to the movable base member, the second drive also correspondingly pivots the support arm with respect to the lifting arm so that the support arm remains parallel to the movable base member. 9. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a driven shaft is fixed to the support arm and the driven shaft extends through a through bore formed in a second end of the lifting arm, a free end of the driven shaft supports a second gear, a rotatable shaft of a third drive extends through a third through bore formed in the lifting arm, the third drive is secured to the lifting arm while a free end of the rotatable shaft of the third drive supports a first gear, and a chain links the first gear to the second gear to facilitate pivoting of the support arm relative to the lifting arm. 10. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the fixed base member, the movable base member and the lifting arm are all supported by a rotatable support arm platform so as to rotate together in unison with one another relative to a support structure of the delivery vehicle and thereby provide an additional range of movement for the loading/unloading device. 11. The loading/unloading device according to claim 10, wherein the rotatable support arm platform includes a central shaft and a support structure of the delivery vehicle has a mating bore which receives and rotatably supports the central shaft, the fixed base member is secured to a bottom surface of the rotatable support arm platform, and a fifth drive is supported by the support structure to facilitate rotation of the rotatable support arm platform relative to the support structure. 12. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the pivotable connection between the first end of the movable base member and the first end of the lifting arm and of the pivotable connection between the second end of the lifting arm and the first end of the support arm has a worm drive which facilitates pivoting therebetween. 13. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein an external gearing is formed in an outer periphery of the first end of the lifting arm, and the second drive engages with the external gearing to facilitate pivoting of the lifting arm relative to the movable arm. 14. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the second drive comprises an actuation cylinder which couples the first end of the movable base member to the first end of the lifting arm and pressurization of the actuation cylinder induces pivoting movement of the lifting arm with respect to the movable base member. 15. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1 in combination with the delivery vehicle, wherein a support bed or surface of the delivery vehicle is equipped with a conveying mechanism which assists with conveying a supported load along the support bed or surface, the conveying mechanism comprises at least one endless belt which extends along a portion of a top surface of the support bed or surface, the at least one endless belt wraps around a respective pair of opposed belt return wheels, and a belt drive facilitates driving the at least one endless belt in a desired rotational direction. 16. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein the delivery vehicle includes at least one of a pair of outriggers and a pair of vertical stabilizers which, when deployed, assist with increasing a foot print of the delivery vehicle and add stability to the delivery vehicle during loading and unloading of a load, and the at least one of a pair of outriggers and vertical stabilizers each have an deployed, extended position and a transportable retractable position. 17. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a third drive couples the second end of the lifting arm to the first end of the support arm, and the third drive controls pivoting motion of the support arm relative to the lifting arm so that as the lifting arm pivots with respect to the movable base member, 18. The loading/unloading device according to claim 11, wherein a fourth drive is fixedly connected to one of the support arm and the bracket while a free end of the rotatable shaft of the fourth drive is connected to the other of the support arm and the bracket so as to provide relative rotation of the support arm with respect to the bracket, and
each of the first, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth drives is geared sufficiently low so as to provide precise control of desired rotational movement while still being sufficiently powerful enough to facilitate lifting a load supported by the support arm. 19. The loading/unloading device according to claim 18, wherein each of each of the first, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth drives is coupled to a control panel which controls operation thereof. 20. The loading/unloading device according to claim 1, wherein a movable hinge is supported by the rotatable connection between the movable base member and the lifting arm:
the second drive comprises at least first and second actuation cylinders, the first actuation cylinder couples the movable base member to the movable hinge while the second actuation cylinder couples the lifting arm to the movable hinge; and each one of the at least first and the second actuation cylinders is selectively actuable for altering a position of the lifting arm relative to the movable base member. 21. A method of at least one of load and unloading of a delivery vehicle with a loading/unloading device, the method comprising the steps of:
fixedly securing a fixed base member to the delivery vehicle; supporting a movable base member so as to be axially movable relative to the fixed base member by a first drive member; rotatably coupling a first end of a lifting arm, via a second drive, so as to be rotatable with respect to the movable base member; rotatably coupling a first end of a support arm to a second end of the lifting arm; and using the loading/unloading device to facilitate at least one of load and unloading of the delivery vehicle. | 2,600 |
339,069 | 16,799,901 | 2,684 | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes first, second and third electrodes, first and second semiconductor layers, a first conductive part, first and second insulating layers. The third electrode includes first and second portions. The first portion is between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first semiconductor layer includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth partial regions. The third partial region is between the first and second partial regions. The fourth partial region is between the first and third partial regions. The fifth partial region is between the third and second partial regions. The second semiconductor layer includes first and second semiconductor regions. The first conductive part is electrically connected to the first electrode. The first insulating layer includes a first insulating portion. The second insulating layer includes first and second insulating regions. | 1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode including a first portion and a second portion, the second portion being continuous with the first portion, a position of the first portion in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode, a position of the second portion in the first direction being between the position of the first portion in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), the first semiconductor layer including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the first portion being aligned with the second direction, the third partial region being between the first partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; a first conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the first conductive part being between the second portion and at least a portion of the second semiconductor region in the second direction; a first insulating layer including a first insulating portion, the first insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the second semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction; and a second insulating layer including a first insulating region and a second insulating region, the first insulating region being between the second portion and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the first portion and the first conductive part in the first direction, the second semiconductor region including an end portion opposing the second insulating region, the first conductive part including an end portion opposing the second insulating region, a first distance along the first direction between a position in the first direction of the end portion of the second semiconductor region and a position in the first direction of the end portion of the first conductive part being shorter than a second insulating region thickness along the first direction of the second insulating region. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first distance is not more than ½ of the second insulating region thickness. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein a difference between a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the second semiconductor region and a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the first conductive part is not more than ½ of the second insulating region thickness. 4. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a second conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode,
the third electrode further including a third portion continuous with the first portion, a position of the third portion in the first direction being between the position of the first electrode in the first direction and the position of the first portion in the first direction, at least a portion of the second conductive part being between the third portion and at least a portion of the first semiconductor region in the second direction, the first insulating layer including a second insulating portion, the second insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the first semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating layer including a third insulating region and a fourth insulating region, the third insulating region being between the third portion and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction, the fourth insulating region being between the first portion and the second conductive part in the first direction. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the first semiconductor region includes an end portion opposing the fourth insulating region, the second conductive part includes an end portion opposing the fourth insulating region, and a second distance along the first direction between a position in the first direction of the end portion of the first semiconductor region and a position in the first direction of the end portion of the second conductive part is shorter than a fourth insulating region thickness along the first direction of the fourth insulating region. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the second distance is not more than ½ of the fourth insulating region thickness. 7. The device according to claim 5, wherein a difference between a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the first semiconductor region and a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the second conductive part is not more than ½ of the fourth insulating region thickness. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first conductive part includes a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, and a third conductive portion, the second conductive portion is between the first insulating portion and the first conductive portion in the second direction, a direction from the third conductive portion toward the first conductive portion is aligned with the first direction, and a distance along the second direction between the second conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer is shorter than a distance along the second direction between the third conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the first conductive part further includes a fourth conductive portion, the first conductive portion is between the third conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion in the first direction, a position in the first direction of the second conductive portion is between a position in the first direction of the third conductive portion and a position in the first direction of the fourth conductive portion, and the distance along the second direction between the second conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer is shorter than a distance along the second direction between the fourth conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer. 10. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the second insulating layer further includes a fifth insulating region, the first conductive portion is between the second insulating region and the fifth insulating region in the first direction, and the second conductive portion opposes the first insulating layer in the first direction. 11. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the first insulating portion opposes the second conductive portion in the second direction, and a portion of the first insulating portion opposes a portion of the second semiconductor layer in the first direction. 12. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, the second portion being continuous with the first portion, the third portion being continuous with the first portion, a position of the first portion in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode, a position of the second portion in the first direction being between the position of the first portion in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction, a position of the third portion in the first direction being between the position of the first electrode in the first direction and the position of the first portion in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), the first semiconductor layer including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the first portion being aligned with the second direction, the third partial region being between the first partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; a first conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the first conductive part being between the second portion and at least a portion of the second semiconductor region in the second direction; a second conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the second conductive part being between the third portion and at least a portion of the first semiconductor region in the second direction; a first insulating layer including a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, the first insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the second semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the first semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction; and a second insulating layer including a first insulating region, a second insulating region, a third insulating region, and a fourth insulating region, the first insulating region being between the second portion and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the first portion and the first conductive part in the first direction, the third insulating region being between the third portion and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction, the fourth insulating region being between the first portion and the second conductive part in the first direction. 13. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode including a first portion and a second portion, the second portion being continuous with the first portion, a position of the first portion in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode, a position of the second portion in the first direction being between the position of the first portion in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), the first semiconductor layer including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the first portion being aligned with the second direction, the third partial region being between the first partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; a first conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the first conductive part being between the second portion and at least a portion of the second semiconductor region in the second direction; a first insulating layer including a first insulating portion, the first insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the second semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction; and a second insulating layer including a first insulating region and a second insulating region, the first insulating region being between the second portion and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the first portion and the first conductive part in the first direction, the first conductive part including a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, and a third conductive portion, the second conductive portion being between the first insulating portion and the first conductive portion in the second direction, a direction from the third conductive portion toward the first conductive portion being aligned with the first direction, a distance along the second direction between the second conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer being shorter than a distance along the second direction between the third conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer. 14. The device according to claim 13, further comprising a third conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode,
a position of the first conductive part in the second direction being between a position of the first semiconductor layer in the second direction and a position of the third conductive part in the second direction. 15. The device according to claim 14, wherein at least a portion of the first conductive part is between the first semiconductor layer and the third conductive part in the second direction. 16. The device according to claim 14, wherein a direction from the second portion toward the third conductive part is aligned with the first direction. 17. The device according to claim 14, wherein a position of the second portion in the second direction is between the position of the first semiconductor layer in the second direction and the position of the third conductive part in the second direction. 18. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first conductive part includes at least one selected from the group consisting of polysilicon, WN, and TiN. 19. The device according to claim 1, wherein the second insulating layer further includes a portion provided between the third partial region and the first portion. 20. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first electrode is electrically connected to the first partial region, and the second electrode is electrically connected to the second partial region. | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes first, second and third electrodes, first and second semiconductor layers, a first conductive part, first and second insulating layers. The third electrode includes first and second portions. The first portion is between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first semiconductor layer includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth partial regions. The third partial region is between the first and second partial regions. The fourth partial region is between the first and third partial regions. The fifth partial region is between the third and second partial regions. The second semiconductor layer includes first and second semiconductor regions. The first conductive part is electrically connected to the first electrode. The first insulating layer includes a first insulating portion. The second insulating layer includes first and second insulating regions.1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode including a first portion and a second portion, the second portion being continuous with the first portion, a position of the first portion in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode, a position of the second portion in the first direction being between the position of the first portion in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), the first semiconductor layer including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the first portion being aligned with the second direction, the third partial region being between the first partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; a first conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the first conductive part being between the second portion and at least a portion of the second semiconductor region in the second direction; a first insulating layer including a first insulating portion, the first insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the second semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction; and a second insulating layer including a first insulating region and a second insulating region, the first insulating region being between the second portion and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the first portion and the first conductive part in the first direction, the second semiconductor region including an end portion opposing the second insulating region, the first conductive part including an end portion opposing the second insulating region, a first distance along the first direction between a position in the first direction of the end portion of the second semiconductor region and a position in the first direction of the end portion of the first conductive part being shorter than a second insulating region thickness along the first direction of the second insulating region. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first distance is not more than ½ of the second insulating region thickness. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein a difference between a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the second semiconductor region and a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the first conductive part is not more than ½ of the second insulating region thickness. 4. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a second conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode,
the third electrode further including a third portion continuous with the first portion, a position of the third portion in the first direction being between the position of the first electrode in the first direction and the position of the first portion in the first direction, at least a portion of the second conductive part being between the third portion and at least a portion of the first semiconductor region in the second direction, the first insulating layer including a second insulating portion, the second insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the first semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating layer including a third insulating region and a fourth insulating region, the third insulating region being between the third portion and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction, the fourth insulating region being between the first portion and the second conductive part in the first direction. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein
the first semiconductor region includes an end portion opposing the fourth insulating region, the second conductive part includes an end portion opposing the fourth insulating region, and a second distance along the first direction between a position in the first direction of the end portion of the first semiconductor region and a position in the first direction of the end portion of the second conductive part is shorter than a fourth insulating region thickness along the first direction of the fourth insulating region. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the second distance is not more than ½ of the fourth insulating region thickness. 7. The device according to claim 5, wherein a difference between a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the first semiconductor region and a distance along the first direction between the first portion and the second conductive part is not more than ½ of the fourth insulating region thickness. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first conductive part includes a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, and a third conductive portion, the second conductive portion is between the first insulating portion and the first conductive portion in the second direction, a direction from the third conductive portion toward the first conductive portion is aligned with the first direction, and a distance along the second direction between the second conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer is shorter than a distance along the second direction between the third conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the first conductive part further includes a fourth conductive portion, the first conductive portion is between the third conductive portion and the fourth conductive portion in the first direction, a position in the first direction of the second conductive portion is between a position in the first direction of the third conductive portion and a position in the first direction of the fourth conductive portion, and the distance along the second direction between the second conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer is shorter than a distance along the second direction between the fourth conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer. 10. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the second insulating layer further includes a fifth insulating region, the first conductive portion is between the second insulating region and the fifth insulating region in the first direction, and the second conductive portion opposes the first insulating layer in the first direction. 11. The device according to claim 8, wherein
the first insulating portion opposes the second conductive portion in the second direction, and a portion of the first insulating portion opposes a portion of the second semiconductor layer in the first direction. 12. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, the second portion being continuous with the first portion, the third portion being continuous with the first portion, a position of the first portion in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode, a position of the second portion in the first direction being between the position of the first portion in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction, a position of the third portion in the first direction being between the position of the first electrode in the first direction and the position of the first portion in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), the first semiconductor layer including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the first portion being aligned with the second direction, the third partial region being between the first partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; a first conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the first conductive part being between the second portion and at least a portion of the second semiconductor region in the second direction; a second conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the second conductive part being between the third portion and at least a portion of the first semiconductor region in the second direction; a first insulating layer including a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, the first insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the second semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the first semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction; and a second insulating layer including a first insulating region, a second insulating region, a third insulating region, and a fourth insulating region, the first insulating region being between the second portion and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the first portion and the first conductive part in the first direction, the third insulating region being between the third portion and the at least a portion of the second conductive part in the second direction, the fourth insulating region being between the first portion and the second conductive part in the first direction. 13. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode including a first portion and a second portion, the second portion being continuous with the first portion, a position of the first portion in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode, a position of the second portion in the first direction being between the position of the first portion in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), the first semiconductor layer including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the first portion being aligned with the second direction, the third partial region being between the first partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; a first conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode, at least a portion of the first conductive part being between the second portion and at least a portion of the second semiconductor region in the second direction; a first insulating layer including a first insulating portion, the first insulating portion being between the at least a portion of the second semiconductor region and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction; and a second insulating layer including a first insulating region and a second insulating region, the first insulating region being between the second portion and the at least a portion of the first conductive part in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the first portion and the first conductive part in the first direction, the first conductive part including a first conductive portion, a second conductive portion, and a third conductive portion, the second conductive portion being between the first insulating portion and the first conductive portion in the second direction, a direction from the third conductive portion toward the first conductive portion being aligned with the first direction, a distance along the second direction between the second conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer being shorter than a distance along the second direction between the third conductive portion and the first semiconductor layer. 14. The device according to claim 13, further comprising a third conductive part electrically connected to the first electrode,
a position of the first conductive part in the second direction being between a position of the first semiconductor layer in the second direction and a position of the third conductive part in the second direction. 15. The device according to claim 14, wherein at least a portion of the first conductive part is between the first semiconductor layer and the third conductive part in the second direction. 16. The device according to claim 14, wherein a direction from the second portion toward the third conductive part is aligned with the first direction. 17. The device according to claim 14, wherein a position of the second portion in the second direction is between the position of the first semiconductor layer in the second direction and the position of the third conductive part in the second direction. 18. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first conductive part includes at least one selected from the group consisting of polysilicon, WN, and TiN. 19. The device according to claim 1, wherein the second insulating layer further includes a portion provided between the third partial region and the first portion. 20. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first electrode is electrically connected to the first partial region, and the second electrode is electrically connected to the second partial region. | 2,600 |
339,070 | 16,799,940 | 2,684 | The invention provides a hook for conveniently combining with bottle. The hook provided with a positioning ring body and hook body. The hook body is a circular arc body, used for positioning on the limiting part of the neck portion of the bottle. Extending the end of the hook body includes a moving part to easily position and to fix the bottle on the hook body of the hook. The positioning ring body is hung on an ordinary hook for conveniently carrying the bottle. | 1. A hook for conveniently combining with the bottle comprising:
an integrally formed hook, the hook comprising:
a positioning ring body; and
a hook body, the hook body respectively disposed with a hook hole and moving part, wherein the size of the hook hole is fitted under the limiting part of the bottle, the moving part on the extension of the end of the hook hole. 2. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the pressing surface is provided on moving part extending from hook body end of hook. 3. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the positioning ring body on hook is a triangle. 4. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the positioning ring body on hook is a circle. 5. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the positioning ring body on hook is provided with hook-and-loop fastener. 6. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of hook body is similar to the diameter of the neck of the bottle and the opening is smaller than the neck diameter, embedded without coming out. | The invention provides a hook for conveniently combining with bottle. The hook provided with a positioning ring body and hook body. The hook body is a circular arc body, used for positioning on the limiting part of the neck portion of the bottle. Extending the end of the hook body includes a moving part to easily position and to fix the bottle on the hook body of the hook. The positioning ring body is hung on an ordinary hook for conveniently carrying the bottle.1. A hook for conveniently combining with the bottle comprising:
an integrally formed hook, the hook comprising:
a positioning ring body; and
a hook body, the hook body respectively disposed with a hook hole and moving part, wherein the size of the hook hole is fitted under the limiting part of the bottle, the moving part on the extension of the end of the hook hole. 2. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the pressing surface is provided on moving part extending from hook body end of hook. 3. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the positioning ring body on hook is a triangle. 4. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the positioning ring body on hook is a circle. 5. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the positioning ring body on hook is provided with hook-and-loop fastener. 6. The hook for conveniently combining with bottle according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of hook body is similar to the diameter of the neck of the bottle and the opening is smaller than the neck diameter, embedded without coming out. | 2,600 |
339,071 | 16,799,906 | 2,684 | An apparatus for manufacturing a display device, includes: a heater which generates heat; a pressing member which contacts a target object of a display device to transfer the heat to the target object; a body connected to each of the heater and the pressing member and through which the heat from the heater is provided to the pressing member; and a first housing cover extended from the body to surround the pressing member and the body in a plan view. Engagement of the first housing cover with the target object defines an internal space of the first housing cover having a temperature, and measurement by the apparatus, of the temperature of the internal space, controls bonding of layers of the target object to each other. | 1. An apparatus for manufacturing a display device, comprising:
a heater which generates heat; a pressing member at which the display device manufacturing apparatus contacts a target object of a display device to transfer the heat to the target object; a body connected to each of the heater and the pressing member and through which the heat from the heater is provided to the pressing member; a first housing cover extended from the body to surround the pressing member and the body in a plan view; and a temperature measuring member connected to the first housing cover, wherein the target object includes layers which are bondable to each other, engagement of the first housing cover with the target object defines an internal space of the first housing cover having a temperature defined by heat transferred from the pressing member and the body at the internal space, and measurement by the temperature measuring member, of the temperature of the internal space, controls bonding of the layers of the target object. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a lower support facing the body with the pressing member therebetween; and a second housing cover extended from the lower support to surround the lower support in the plan view. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover includes a transparent material. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the heat from the heater has a temperature, and a material of the first housing cover has a melting point higher than the temperature of the heat from the heater. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover includes:
a first sub-housing cover extended from the body, and a second sub-housing cover extended from an end of the first sub-housing cover to be spaced apart from the body with the first sub-housing cover therebetween, wherein the first sub-housing cover and the second sub-housing cover include different materials from each other. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein
the engagement of the first housing cover with the target object contacts the second sub-housing cover with the target object, and rigidity of the second sub-housing cover is lower than rigidity of the first sub-housing cover. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover is extended directly from the body. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover is provided as a separate member from the body and attachable to the body to extended therefrom and surround the pressing member and the body in the plan view. 9. A method of manufacturing a display device, comprising:
providing an anisotropic conductive film of the display device between a target panel of the display device and a target substrate of the display device; covering the anisotropic conductive film which is between the target panel and the target substrate, with a housing cover of an apparatus for manufacturing the display device, to define an internal space of the housing cover to which the anisotropic conductive film is exposed; attaching the target panel to the target substrate through the anisotropic conductive film; and measuring a temperature of the internal space in the housing cover to control attachment of the target panel to the target substrate through the anisotropic conductive film. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein
the attaching the target panel to the target substrate includes applying heat and pressure to the target substrate using a pressing member of the apparatus for manufacturing the display device, and the covering the anisotropic conductive film further disposes the pressing member within the internal space of the housing cover. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes defining a saturation temperature of the internal space in the housing cover. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein
the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover which is maintained for a period of time defines the saturation temperature, and the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes terminating the attaching of the target panel to the target substrate when the temperature reaches the saturation temperature. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes increasing the heat which is applied to the target substrate when the saturation temperature is lower than a reference saturation temperature at which the target panel, the target substrate and the anisotropic conductive film are attachable to each other. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes decreasing the heat which is applied to the target substrate when the saturation temperature is higher than a reference saturation temperature at which the target panel, the target substrate and the anisotropic conductive film are attachable to each other. 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the attaching the target panel to the target substrate includes attaching a signal wiring of the target panel to a lead wiring of the target substrate, through the anisotropic conductive film. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the covering the anisotropic conductive film with the housing cover includes contacting the housing cover with both the target panel and the target substrate. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein
the housing cover includes an upper housing cover and a lower housing cover facing each other, and the contacting the housing cover with both the target panel and the target substrate includes contacting the upper housing cover with the target substrate and contacting the lower housing cover with the target panel. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein
the upper housing cover includes a first sub-housing cover and a second sub-housing cover which is extended from an end of the first sub-housing cover to define an end of the upper housing cover, and the contacting the housing cover with both the target panel and the target substrate directly contacts the upper housing cover with the target substrate at the second sub-housing cover. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein rigidity of the second sub-housing cover at which the upper housing cover is directly contacted with the target substrate is lower than rigidity of the first sub-housing cover. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the housing cover includes a transparent material. | An apparatus for manufacturing a display device, includes: a heater which generates heat; a pressing member which contacts a target object of a display device to transfer the heat to the target object; a body connected to each of the heater and the pressing member and through which the heat from the heater is provided to the pressing member; and a first housing cover extended from the body to surround the pressing member and the body in a plan view. Engagement of the first housing cover with the target object defines an internal space of the first housing cover having a temperature, and measurement by the apparatus, of the temperature of the internal space, controls bonding of layers of the target object to each other.1. An apparatus for manufacturing a display device, comprising:
a heater which generates heat; a pressing member at which the display device manufacturing apparatus contacts a target object of a display device to transfer the heat to the target object; a body connected to each of the heater and the pressing member and through which the heat from the heater is provided to the pressing member; a first housing cover extended from the body to surround the pressing member and the body in a plan view; and a temperature measuring member connected to the first housing cover, wherein the target object includes layers which are bondable to each other, engagement of the first housing cover with the target object defines an internal space of the first housing cover having a temperature defined by heat transferred from the pressing member and the body at the internal space, and measurement by the temperature measuring member, of the temperature of the internal space, controls bonding of the layers of the target object. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a lower support facing the body with the pressing member therebetween; and a second housing cover extended from the lower support to surround the lower support in the plan view. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover includes a transparent material. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein
the heat from the heater has a temperature, and a material of the first housing cover has a melting point higher than the temperature of the heat from the heater. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover includes:
a first sub-housing cover extended from the body, and a second sub-housing cover extended from an end of the first sub-housing cover to be spaced apart from the body with the first sub-housing cover therebetween, wherein the first sub-housing cover and the second sub-housing cover include different materials from each other. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein
the engagement of the first housing cover with the target object contacts the second sub-housing cover with the target object, and rigidity of the second sub-housing cover is lower than rigidity of the first sub-housing cover. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover is extended directly from the body. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first housing cover is provided as a separate member from the body and attachable to the body to extended therefrom and surround the pressing member and the body in the plan view. 9. A method of manufacturing a display device, comprising:
providing an anisotropic conductive film of the display device between a target panel of the display device and a target substrate of the display device; covering the anisotropic conductive film which is between the target panel and the target substrate, with a housing cover of an apparatus for manufacturing the display device, to define an internal space of the housing cover to which the anisotropic conductive film is exposed; attaching the target panel to the target substrate through the anisotropic conductive film; and measuring a temperature of the internal space in the housing cover to control attachment of the target panel to the target substrate through the anisotropic conductive film. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein
the attaching the target panel to the target substrate includes applying heat and pressure to the target substrate using a pressing member of the apparatus for manufacturing the display device, and the covering the anisotropic conductive film further disposes the pressing member within the internal space of the housing cover. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes defining a saturation temperature of the internal space in the housing cover. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein
the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover which is maintained for a period of time defines the saturation temperature, and the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes terminating the attaching of the target panel to the target substrate when the temperature reaches the saturation temperature. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes increasing the heat which is applied to the target substrate when the saturation temperature is lower than a reference saturation temperature at which the target panel, the target substrate and the anisotropic conductive film are attachable to each other. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the measuring the temperature of the internal space in the housing cover includes decreasing the heat which is applied to the target substrate when the saturation temperature is higher than a reference saturation temperature at which the target panel, the target substrate and the anisotropic conductive film are attachable to each other. 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the attaching the target panel to the target substrate includes attaching a signal wiring of the target panel to a lead wiring of the target substrate, through the anisotropic conductive film. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the covering the anisotropic conductive film with the housing cover includes contacting the housing cover with both the target panel and the target substrate. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein
the housing cover includes an upper housing cover and a lower housing cover facing each other, and the contacting the housing cover with both the target panel and the target substrate includes contacting the upper housing cover with the target substrate and contacting the lower housing cover with the target panel. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein
the upper housing cover includes a first sub-housing cover and a second sub-housing cover which is extended from an end of the first sub-housing cover to define an end of the upper housing cover, and the contacting the housing cover with both the target panel and the target substrate directly contacts the upper housing cover with the target substrate at the second sub-housing cover. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein rigidity of the second sub-housing cover at which the upper housing cover is directly contacted with the target substrate is lower than rigidity of the first sub-housing cover. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the housing cover includes a transparent material. | 2,600 |
339,072 | 16,799,922 | 2,684 | A building safety alarm system comprising: a central controller having a dynamically addressable wireless data communication router, a plurality of remote devices each having a dynamically addressable wireless communication router and a wireless mesh communications network wherein the central controller is in wireless communication with the plurality of remote devices via a mesh network for sending and receiving instructions and data communications. | 1. (canceled) 2. A building safety alarm system comprising:
a plurality of safety sensor devices, a control panel including a central controller, a backup controller, and a bus connecting the central controller to the backup controller, the central controller and backup controller each having a dynamically addressable wireless data communication router and a memory, each dynamically addressable wireless data communication router configured to communicate either directly or indirectly with the plurality of sensors via a self-healing mesh network, each memory configured to store software executable by each respective controller, the bus exchanging synchronizing information between the central controller and the backup controller, wherein the backup controller is configured to monitor the central controller for fault or failure and automatically assume all command and control functionality of the central controller within the building safety alarm system and generate a fault signal if a fault or failure of the central controller is detected, wherein one of the memory in the central controller and the memory in the backup controller store a shadow copy of the software such that changes to the software are conducted on the shadow copy and do not interfere with operation of the building safety alarm system. 3. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of safety sensor devices include at least one detector. 4. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a heat detector. 5. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a fire detector. 6. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a smoke detector. 7. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a carbon monoxide detector. 8. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a motion detector. 9. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality safety sensor devices provide fault information to the central controller or backup controller via the self-healing mesh network. 10. The building safety alarm system of claim 9, wherein the fault information includes a detection of at least one of heat, smoke, and/or carbon. 11. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, further comprising at least one alarm circuit including at least one alarm device, wherein the dynamically addressable data communication router of the central controller and the dynamically addressable data communication router of the backup controller are configured to communicate either directly or indirectly with the at least one alarm circuit via the self-healing mesh network. 12. The building safety alarm system of claim 11, wherein the central controller or backup controller activates the at least one alarm device when a fault condition is detected. 13. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of safety sensor devices includes a call box. 14. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of safety sensor devices includes a Bluetooth repeater for receiving Bluetooth data from a Bluetooth communications device carried by a user and transferring the Bluetooth data through the self-healing mesh network. 15. The building safety alarm system of claim 14, wherein the Bluetooth data is voice communication data that is transferred via the self-healing mesh network to the central controller or backup controller. 16. The building safety alarm system of claim 14, wherein each safety sensor device includes a microphone and speaker. 17. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the central controller, backup controller, and plurality of safety sensor device are configured to send and receive voice communication data over the self-healing mesh network. 18. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each safety sensor device is configured to forward voice communication data received over the self-healing mesh network to the central controller or backup controller via the self-healing mesh network. 19. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the central controller and backup controller are each configured to connect to an audio device for receiving audio signals and sending the audio signals to other devices over the self-healing mesh network. 20. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the self-healing mesh network utilizes one of an IEEE 802.11 protocol, an IEEE 802.15 protocol, or an IEEE 802.15 protocol. 21. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the self-healing mesh network utilizes a frequency agile data transmission protocol. | A building safety alarm system comprising: a central controller having a dynamically addressable wireless data communication router, a plurality of remote devices each having a dynamically addressable wireless communication router and a wireless mesh communications network wherein the central controller is in wireless communication with the plurality of remote devices via a mesh network for sending and receiving instructions and data communications.1. (canceled) 2. A building safety alarm system comprising:
a plurality of safety sensor devices, a control panel including a central controller, a backup controller, and a bus connecting the central controller to the backup controller, the central controller and backup controller each having a dynamically addressable wireless data communication router and a memory, each dynamically addressable wireless data communication router configured to communicate either directly or indirectly with the plurality of sensors via a self-healing mesh network, each memory configured to store software executable by each respective controller, the bus exchanging synchronizing information between the central controller and the backup controller, wherein the backup controller is configured to monitor the central controller for fault or failure and automatically assume all command and control functionality of the central controller within the building safety alarm system and generate a fault signal if a fault or failure of the central controller is detected, wherein one of the memory in the central controller and the memory in the backup controller store a shadow copy of the software such that changes to the software are conducted on the shadow copy and do not interfere with operation of the building safety alarm system. 3. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of safety sensor devices include at least one detector. 4. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a heat detector. 5. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a fire detector. 6. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a smoke detector. 7. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a carbon monoxide detector. 8. The building safety alarm system of claim 3, wherein the at least one detector is a motion detector. 9. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality safety sensor devices provide fault information to the central controller or backup controller via the self-healing mesh network. 10. The building safety alarm system of claim 9, wherein the fault information includes a detection of at least one of heat, smoke, and/or carbon. 11. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, further comprising at least one alarm circuit including at least one alarm device, wherein the dynamically addressable data communication router of the central controller and the dynamically addressable data communication router of the backup controller are configured to communicate either directly or indirectly with the at least one alarm circuit via the self-healing mesh network. 12. The building safety alarm system of claim 11, wherein the central controller or backup controller activates the at least one alarm device when a fault condition is detected. 13. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of safety sensor devices includes a call box. 14. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of safety sensor devices includes a Bluetooth repeater for receiving Bluetooth data from a Bluetooth communications device carried by a user and transferring the Bluetooth data through the self-healing mesh network. 15. The building safety alarm system of claim 14, wherein the Bluetooth data is voice communication data that is transferred via the self-healing mesh network to the central controller or backup controller. 16. The building safety alarm system of claim 14, wherein each safety sensor device includes a microphone and speaker. 17. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the central controller, backup controller, and plurality of safety sensor device are configured to send and receive voice communication data over the self-healing mesh network. 18. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein each safety sensor device is configured to forward voice communication data received over the self-healing mesh network to the central controller or backup controller via the self-healing mesh network. 19. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the central controller and backup controller are each configured to connect to an audio device for receiving audio signals and sending the audio signals to other devices over the self-healing mesh network. 20. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the self-healing mesh network utilizes one of an IEEE 802.11 protocol, an IEEE 802.15 protocol, or an IEEE 802.15 protocol. 21. The building safety alarm system of claim 2, wherein the self-healing mesh network utilizes a frequency agile data transmission protocol. | 2,600 |
339,073 | 16,799,949 | 2,684 | A circuit provides a physically unclonable function. The circuit includes a first portion that provides a random value that varies according to an input to the circuit and a second portion that hashes the random value to provide an output value from the circuit. The first portion covers the second portion to prevent access to the random value. A breach of the first portions may alter operation of the first portion in a detectable manner. The first portion may cover a surface of a cube or parallelepiped. The first portion may be wrapped around a parallelepiped a plurality of times to cover each facet thereof from different directions. The output from the second portion may not intersect the first portion. The circuit may also include an external layer disposed on the first portion. The external layer may be glued to the first portion. | 1.-7. (canceled) 8. A circuit that provides an output signal corresponding to a physically unclonable function in response to an input signal, comprising:
a first portion that receives the input signal and provides a random value signal that varies according to the input signal to the circuit; and a second portion that applies a cryptographic function to a random value corresponding to the random value signal to provide the output signal from the circuit that corresponds to an output value that is a hash of the random value, wherein the first portion covers the second portion to prevent access to the random value signal and wherein a breach of the first portion alters the random value signal that is provided by the first portion. 9. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the cryptographic function is a collision-resilient hash function. 10. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the first portion covers a surface of a cube or parallelepiped. 11. A circuit, according to claim 10, wherein the first portion is wrapped around the parallelepiped a plurality of times to cover each facet thereof from different directions. 12. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein an output wire that carries the output signal from the second portion does not intersect the first portion. 13. A circuit, according to claim 8, further comprising:
an external layer disposed on the first portion. 14. A circuit, according to claim 13, wherein the external layer is glued to the first portion. 15. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the circuit is affixed to a physical good to prove an authenticity thereof. 16. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the circuit is affixed to a physical packet to securely seal the packet. 17. A circuit according to claim 16, wherein content of the physical packet is at least one of: a medicinal drug, food, or a liquid. | A circuit provides a physically unclonable function. The circuit includes a first portion that provides a random value that varies according to an input to the circuit and a second portion that hashes the random value to provide an output value from the circuit. The first portion covers the second portion to prevent access to the random value. A breach of the first portions may alter operation of the first portion in a detectable manner. The first portion may cover a surface of a cube or parallelepiped. The first portion may be wrapped around a parallelepiped a plurality of times to cover each facet thereof from different directions. The output from the second portion may not intersect the first portion. The circuit may also include an external layer disposed on the first portion. The external layer may be glued to the first portion.1.-7. (canceled) 8. A circuit that provides an output signal corresponding to a physically unclonable function in response to an input signal, comprising:
a first portion that receives the input signal and provides a random value signal that varies according to the input signal to the circuit; and a second portion that applies a cryptographic function to a random value corresponding to the random value signal to provide the output signal from the circuit that corresponds to an output value that is a hash of the random value, wherein the first portion covers the second portion to prevent access to the random value signal and wherein a breach of the first portion alters the random value signal that is provided by the first portion. 9. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the cryptographic function is a collision-resilient hash function. 10. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the first portion covers a surface of a cube or parallelepiped. 11. A circuit, according to claim 10, wherein the first portion is wrapped around the parallelepiped a plurality of times to cover each facet thereof from different directions. 12. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein an output wire that carries the output signal from the second portion does not intersect the first portion. 13. A circuit, according to claim 8, further comprising:
an external layer disposed on the first portion. 14. A circuit, according to claim 13, wherein the external layer is glued to the first portion. 15. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the circuit is affixed to a physical good to prove an authenticity thereof. 16. A circuit, according to claim 8, wherein the circuit is affixed to a physical packet to securely seal the packet. 17. A circuit according to claim 16, wherein content of the physical packet is at least one of: a medicinal drug, food, or a liquid. | 2,600 |
339,074 | 16,799,985 | 2,684 | A substrate processing apparatus includes a chuck configured to attract and hold a substrate; an observer configured to observe multiple positions within a second surface of the substrate attracted to and held by the chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the chuck; and an analyzer configured to analyze observation results of the multiple positions. When a singularity regarding a height from a surface of the chuck attracting and holding the substrate exists on the second surface, the analyzer specifies a position of the singularity on the chuck. | 1. A substrate processing apparatus, comprising:
a chuck configured to attract and hold a substrate; an observer configured to observe multiple positions within a second surface of the substrate attracted to and held by the chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the chuck; and an analyzer configured to analyze observation results of the multiple positions, wherein when a singularity regarding a height from a surface of the chuck attracting and holding the substrate exists on the second surface, the analyzer specifies a position of the singularity on the chuck. 2. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the singularity is protrusion of the substrate. 3. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the observer comprises an imaging device configured to image a pattern formed on the second surface, and the analyzer determines presence or absence of the singularity based on a distance to the second surface which is focused by the imaging device. 4. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the observer comprises a displacement meter configured to measure a distance from the observer to the second surface, and the analyzer determines presence or absence of the singularity based on the distance measured by the displacement meter. 5. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
a position adjuster configured to move the displacement meter in a horizontal direction, wherein the analyzer records the distance while scanning an entire top surface of the substrate or scanning a peripheral portion of the substrate by the position adjuster, and specifies a coordinate of the singularity in the horizontal direction based on the recorded distance. 6. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 5,
wherein the substrate is a dummy wafer having uniform color over the entire surface thereof. 7. A substrate processing method, comprising:
attracting and holding a substrate by a chuck; observing multiple positions within a second surface of the substrate attracted to and held by the chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the chuck; analyzing observation results of the multiple positions; and specifying a position of a singularity on the chuck when the singularity regarding a height from a surface of the chuck attracting and holding the substrate exists on the second surface. 8. A bonding method, comprising:
attracting and holding a lower substrate by, between a lower chuck and an upper chuck disposed to be distance apart from each other in a vertical direction, an attraction surface of the lower chuck facing the upper chuck, and attracting and holding an upper substrate by an attraction surface of the upper chuck facing the lower chuck; observing multiple positions within a second surface of the lower substrate attracted to and held by the lower chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the lower chuck; analyzing observation results of the multiple positions; performing position adjustment between the lower substrate attracted to and held by the lower chuck and the upper substrate attracted to and held by the upper chuck by moving the lower chuck and the upper chuck relatively to each other; and bonding the lower substrate and the upper substrate by pressing, after the performing of the position adjustment, the lower substrate attracted to and held by the lower chuck and the upper substrate attracted to and held by the upper chuck to be brought into contact with each other, wherein the analyzing of the observation results includes specifying a position of a singularity on the lower chuck when the singularity regarding a height from a surface of the lower chuck attracting and holding the lower substrate exists on the second surface. 9. The bonding method of claim 8, further comprising:
cleaning the lower chuck, before the performing of the position adjustment, depending on a size of the singularity. 10. The bonding method of claim 8, further comprising:
cleaning the lower chuck, before the performing of the position adjustment, depending on a size and a position of the singularity. | A substrate processing apparatus includes a chuck configured to attract and hold a substrate; an observer configured to observe multiple positions within a second surface of the substrate attracted to and held by the chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the chuck; and an analyzer configured to analyze observation results of the multiple positions. When a singularity regarding a height from a surface of the chuck attracting and holding the substrate exists on the second surface, the analyzer specifies a position of the singularity on the chuck.1. A substrate processing apparatus, comprising:
a chuck configured to attract and hold a substrate; an observer configured to observe multiple positions within a second surface of the substrate attracted to and held by the chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the chuck; and an analyzer configured to analyze observation results of the multiple positions, wherein when a singularity regarding a height from a surface of the chuck attracting and holding the substrate exists on the second surface, the analyzer specifies a position of the singularity on the chuck. 2. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the singularity is protrusion of the substrate. 3. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the observer comprises an imaging device configured to image a pattern formed on the second surface, and the analyzer determines presence or absence of the singularity based on a distance to the second surface which is focused by the imaging device. 4. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the observer comprises a displacement meter configured to measure a distance from the observer to the second surface, and the analyzer determines presence or absence of the singularity based on the distance measured by the displacement meter. 5. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
a position adjuster configured to move the displacement meter in a horizontal direction, wherein the analyzer records the distance while scanning an entire top surface of the substrate or scanning a peripheral portion of the substrate by the position adjuster, and specifies a coordinate of the singularity in the horizontal direction based on the recorded distance. 6. The substrate processing apparatus of claim 5,
wherein the substrate is a dummy wafer having uniform color over the entire surface thereof. 7. A substrate processing method, comprising:
attracting and holding a substrate by a chuck; observing multiple positions within a second surface of the substrate attracted to and held by the chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the chuck; analyzing observation results of the multiple positions; and specifying a position of a singularity on the chuck when the singularity regarding a height from a surface of the chuck attracting and holding the substrate exists on the second surface. 8. A bonding method, comprising:
attracting and holding a lower substrate by, between a lower chuck and an upper chuck disposed to be distance apart from each other in a vertical direction, an attraction surface of the lower chuck facing the upper chuck, and attracting and holding an upper substrate by an attraction surface of the upper chuck facing the lower chuck; observing multiple positions within a second surface of the lower substrate attracted to and held by the lower chuck, the second surface being opposite to a first surface thereof which is in contact with the lower chuck; analyzing observation results of the multiple positions; performing position adjustment between the lower substrate attracted to and held by the lower chuck and the upper substrate attracted to and held by the upper chuck by moving the lower chuck and the upper chuck relatively to each other; and bonding the lower substrate and the upper substrate by pressing, after the performing of the position adjustment, the lower substrate attracted to and held by the lower chuck and the upper substrate attracted to and held by the upper chuck to be brought into contact with each other, wherein the analyzing of the observation results includes specifying a position of a singularity on the lower chuck when the singularity regarding a height from a surface of the lower chuck attracting and holding the lower substrate exists on the second surface. 9. The bonding method of claim 8, further comprising:
cleaning the lower chuck, before the performing of the position adjustment, depending on a size of the singularity. 10. The bonding method of claim 8, further comprising:
cleaning the lower chuck, before the performing of the position adjustment, depending on a size and a position of the singularity. | 2,600 |
339,075 | 16,799,978 | 2,684 | Remotely providing a health service to a person includes predefining a plurality of analysis types, predefining a rule specifying a condition under which to apply the plurality of analysis types, performing the health service on the person, selecting the analysis type to perform based on the rule and information about the person, performing a type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the health service, and remotely communicating a determined intervention to the person. Each analysis type represents a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing a health service. The intervention may include altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the health service. The analysis type may be autonomous based on machine learning and/or based on predefined rules. | 1. A method of remotely providing a first health service to a person for a health condition, comprising:
predefining a plurality of analysis types, each analysis type representing a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing a health service; predefining a first rule specifying a condition under which to apply a first of the plurality of analysis types; performing the first health service on the person, including detecting health values of one or more health metrics of the person associated with performance of the first health service; selecting the first analysis type to perform based on the first rule and information about the person, including the health values; performing a first type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the first health service; and remotely communicating a determined intervention to the person. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a part of the first health service is performed by a first health device locally coupled to the person, the method further comprising:
the first health device detecting the health values and transmitting the health values to a second device remotely located from the first health device, wherein the second device remotely communicates the determined intervention to the first health device, and the first health device performs a first action based on the remote communication. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the intervention includes altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the first health service. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
predefining a plurality of communication types, including a notification, an instruction, an inquiry, feedback, a live conversation and an automated conversation, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining a first communication type from among the plurality of communication types for the communication, and wherein the intervention is remotely communicated as a communication of the first communication type. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
predefining a plurality of media types, including text, audio, images and video, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining one or more of the plurality of media types with which to communicate with the person, and wherein the intervention is remotely communicated to the person using the media types. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on machine learning. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on predefined rules. 8. A system for remotely providing a first health service to a person for a health condition based on remotely detected values of health metrics of the person associated with performance of the first health service, the system comprising:
one or more processors; and a memory having code stored thereon that, when executed, predefines a plurality of analysis types, each analysis type representing a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing a health service, predefines a first rule specifying a condition under which to apply a first of the plurality of analysis types, selects the first analysis type to perform based on the first rule and on information about the person, including the one or more detected values, performs a first type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the first health service, and remotely communicates a determined intervention to the person. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein a part of the first health service is performed by a first health device locally coupled to the person and wherein the first health device detects the detected values and transmits the one or more detected values to a second device remotely located from the first health device, the second device remotely communicating the determined intervention to the first health device, and the first health device performing a first action based on the remote communication. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the determined intervention includes altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the first health service. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein a plurality of communication types are predefined to include a notification, an instruction, an inquiry, feedback, a live conversation and an automated conversation and wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining a first communication type from among the plurality of communication types for the communication, the determined intervention being remotely communicated as a communication of the first communication type. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein a plurality of media types are predefined to include text, audio, images and video and wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining one or more of the plurality of media types with which to communicate with the person, the determined intervention being remotely communicated to the person using the media types. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on machine learning. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on predefined rules. 15. Non-transitory computer-readable media having software stored thereon that remotely provides a health service to a person for a health condition based remotely detected values of health metrics of the person associated with performance of the health service, the software comprising:
executable code that defines a plurality of analysis types, each analysis type representing a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing the health service; executable code that defines a first rule specifying a condition under which to apply a first of the plurality of analysis types; executable code that selects the first analysis type to perform based on the first rule and on information about the person, including the one or more detected values; executable code that performs a first type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the first health service; and executable code that remotely communicates a determined intervention to the person. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, wherein at least part of the first health service is performed by a first health device locally coupled to the person, the software further comprising:
executable code that controls the first health device to detect the values and transmits the values to a second device remotely located from the first health device, wherein the second device remotely communicates the determined intervention to the first health device, and the first health device performs an action based on the remote communication. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 16, wherein the first intervention includes altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the first health service. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 16, the software further comprising:
executable code that predefines a plurality of communication types, including a notification, an instruction, an inquiry, feedback, a live conversation and an automated conversation, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining a first communication type from among the plurality of communication types for the communication, and wherein the determined intervention is remotely communicated as a communication of the first communication type. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, the software further comprising:
executable code that predefines a plurality of media types, including text, audio, images and video, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining one or more of the plurality of media types with which to communicate with the person, and wherein the at least first intervention is remotely communicated to the person using the one or more media types. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based at least in part on machine learning. 21.-150. (canceled) | Remotely providing a health service to a person includes predefining a plurality of analysis types, predefining a rule specifying a condition under which to apply the plurality of analysis types, performing the health service on the person, selecting the analysis type to perform based on the rule and information about the person, performing a type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the health service, and remotely communicating a determined intervention to the person. Each analysis type represents a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing a health service. The intervention may include altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the health service. The analysis type may be autonomous based on machine learning and/or based on predefined rules.1. A method of remotely providing a first health service to a person for a health condition, comprising:
predefining a plurality of analysis types, each analysis type representing a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing a health service; predefining a first rule specifying a condition under which to apply a first of the plurality of analysis types; performing the first health service on the person, including detecting health values of one or more health metrics of the person associated with performance of the first health service; selecting the first analysis type to perform based on the first rule and information about the person, including the health values; performing a first type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the first health service; and remotely communicating a determined intervention to the person. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a part of the first health service is performed by a first health device locally coupled to the person, the method further comprising:
the first health device detecting the health values and transmitting the health values to a second device remotely located from the first health device, wherein the second device remotely communicates the determined intervention to the first health device, and the first health device performs a first action based on the remote communication. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the intervention includes altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the first health service. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
predefining a plurality of communication types, including a notification, an instruction, an inquiry, feedback, a live conversation and an automated conversation, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining a first communication type from among the plurality of communication types for the communication, and wherein the intervention is remotely communicated as a communication of the first communication type. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
predefining a plurality of media types, including text, audio, images and video, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining one or more of the plurality of media types with which to communicate with the person, and wherein the intervention is remotely communicated to the person using the media types. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on machine learning. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on predefined rules. 8. A system for remotely providing a first health service to a person for a health condition based on remotely detected values of health metrics of the person associated with performance of the first health service, the system comprising:
one or more processors; and a memory having code stored thereon that, when executed, predefines a plurality of analysis types, each analysis type representing a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing a health service, predefines a first rule specifying a condition under which to apply a first of the plurality of analysis types, selects the first analysis type to perform based on the first rule and on information about the person, including the one or more detected values, performs a first type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the first health service, and remotely communicates a determined intervention to the person. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein a part of the first health service is performed by a first health device locally coupled to the person and wherein the first health device detects the detected values and transmits the one or more detected values to a second device remotely located from the first health device, the second device remotely communicating the determined intervention to the first health device, and the first health device performing a first action based on the remote communication. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the determined intervention includes altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the first health service. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein a plurality of communication types are predefined to include a notification, an instruction, an inquiry, feedback, a live conversation and an automated conversation and wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining a first communication type from among the plurality of communication types for the communication, the determined intervention being remotely communicated as a communication of the first communication type. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein a plurality of media types are predefined to include text, audio, images and video and wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining one or more of the plurality of media types with which to communicate with the person, the determined intervention being remotely communicated to the person using the media types. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on machine learning. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based on predefined rules. 15. Non-transitory computer-readable media having software stored thereon that remotely provides a health service to a person for a health condition based remotely detected values of health metrics of the person associated with performance of the health service, the software comprising:
executable code that defines a plurality of analysis types, each analysis type representing a type of analysis to be performed on information about the person to determine an intervention as part of providing the health service; executable code that defines a first rule specifying a condition under which to apply a first of the plurality of analysis types; executable code that selects the first analysis type to perform based on the first rule and on information about the person, including the one or more detected values; executable code that performs a first type of analysis on the information to determine what interventions to be undertaken based on the information as part of performing the first health service; and executable code that remotely communicates a determined intervention to the person. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, wherein at least part of the first health service is performed by a first health device locally coupled to the person, the software further comprising:
executable code that controls the first health device to detect the values and transmits the values to a second device remotely located from the first health device, wherein the second device remotely communicates the determined intervention to the first health device, and the first health device performs an action based on the remote communication. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 16, wherein the first intervention includes altering a health treatment administered to the person as part of the first health service. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 16, the software further comprising:
executable code that predefines a plurality of communication types, including a notification, an instruction, an inquiry, feedback, a live conversation and an automated conversation, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining a first communication type from among the plurality of communication types for the communication, and wherein the determined intervention is remotely communicated as a communication of the first communication type. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, the software further comprising:
executable code that predefines a plurality of media types, including text, audio, images and video, wherein performing the first type of analysis on the information includes determining one or more of the plurality of media types with which to communicate with the person, and wherein the at least first intervention is remotely communicated to the person using the one or more media types. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable media of claim 15, wherein the first analysis type is autonomous analysis based at least in part on machine learning. 21.-150. (canceled) | 2,600 |
339,076 | 16,799,907 | 2,684 | A fluid delivery apparatus includes a collet assembly having an upper and lower wall attached at a central portion of the collet. The central portion defines an inner step, and the lower wall includes circumferentially-spaced flexible tabs. The fluid delivery apparatus also includes a fluid distribution assembly coupled to the collet assembly. The fluid distribution assembly is positionable relative to the collet between a pre-use configuration and a pre-activated configuration. The fluid distribution assembly has a plenum that includes a sleeve component having an exterior ledge extending thereabout. A lower wall portion of the sleeve component includes protrusions corresponding to the flexible tabs of the collet. In the pre-use configuration the exterior ledge of the sleeve component is engaged with the inner step of the collet assembly, and each flexible tab engages a respective protrusion to provide a snap-fit between the fluid distribution assembly and the collet assembly. | 1-19. (canceled) 20. A collet assembly for a fluid delivery apparatus, the collet assembly comprising:
a collet having a substantially frustoconical shape with an exterior surface and an interior surface, an upper wall and a lower wall, the interior surface defining a substantially hollow inner space for receiving a fluid distribution assembly; a step portion that extends radially inward around a circumference of the interior surface of the collet, the step portion configured to engage a plenum of the fluid distribution assembly and facilitate proper positioning of the plenum above an application surface; a collet lock located on the lower wall of the collet, the collet lock including at least one tab configured to prevent rotation of the plenum. 21. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the step portion is formed at an interface of the lower wall and the upper wall of the collet. 22. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the upper wall comprises at least one flexible tab extending radially inward of the interior surface. 23. The collet assembly according to claim 22, wherein the at least one flexible tab has a free end and a fixed end, the fixed end proximal to the interior surface and the free end distal of the interior surface. 24. The collet assembly according to claim 22, wherein the at least one flexible tab includes a plurality of flexible tabs spaced substantially equidistant around a circumference of the upper wall. 25. The collet assembly according to claim 22, wherein the at least one flexible tab is configured for a snap-fit with the fluid distribution assembly. 26. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the collet lock is substantially in the form of a ring shape. 27. The collet assembly according to claim 26, wherein the collet lock has a convex inner surface. 28. The collet assembly according to claim 27, wherein the collet lock includes at least one tab extending from the convex inner surface to a position radially inward therefrom. 29. The collet assembly according to claim 28, wherein the at least one tab of the collet lock is configured to engage with the plenum to facilitate the proper positioning of the plenum above the application surface. 30. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the step portion is configured to limit an axial displacement of the fluid distribution assembly. 31. A fluid delivery apparatus for delivering a fluid through a user's skin surface, the fluid delivery apparatus having a central axis and comprising:
a collet assembly comprising an upper wall and a lower wall, a central portion defining an inner step, and a collet lock attached to the lower wall and having a plurality tabs extending radially inward from the lower wall; and a fluid distribution assembly slidably coupled to the collet assembly, the fluid distribution assembly comprising a plenum assembly and a cartridge assembly containing a fluid; wherein the fluid distribution assembly is limited in an upward axial travel by the inner step of the collet assembly and limited in an lower axial travel by the plurality of tabs of the collet lock. 32. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the plenum assembly comprises a sleeve component having a wall comprising an upper wall portion and a lower wall portion coupled to the upper wall portion and defining an exterior ledge extending about the sleeve component, the exterior ledge configured to abut the inner step of the collet assembly in a first position of the fluid distribution assembly. 33. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the upper wall of the collet assembly comprises a plurality of flexible tabs extending radially inward. 34. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the sleeve component of the plenum assembly comprises a lower wall portion including a plurality of protrusions spaced circumferentially equidistant about the central axis, and wherein each flexible tab of the plurality of flexible tabs of the collet lock engage a respective protrusion of the plurality of protrusions to provide a snap-fit between the fluid distribution assembly and the collet assembly. 35. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the collet assembly is substantially frustoconically shaped. 36. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 35, wherein the collet lock is substantially ring-shaped and is configured to attach an inner surface of the lower wall of the collet assembly. 37. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 36, wherein the collet lock has a convex inner surface. 38. A method of preparing a fluid delivery device to deliver a fluid through a user's skin surface, the method comprising:
inserting a fluid delivery apparatus into a collet assembly, wherein the a collet assembly comprises an upper wall and a lower wall, a central portion defining an inner step, and a collet lock attached to the lower wall and having a plurality tabs extending radially inward from the lower wall; and slidably coupling the fluid distribution assembly to the collet assembly by snap-fitting a plurality of flexible tabs of the collet assembly with a respective protrusion of a plurality of protrusions of a sleeve of the fluid delivery assembly, limiting an upward axial travel of the fluid distribution apparatus by abutting the sleeve with an inner step of the collet assembly. 39. The method according to claim 38, further comprising attaching a collet lock to a lower wall of the collet assembly, and limiting a lower axial travel of the fluid delivery apparatus with a plurality of tabs extending from an inner surface of the collet lock. | A fluid delivery apparatus includes a collet assembly having an upper and lower wall attached at a central portion of the collet. The central portion defines an inner step, and the lower wall includes circumferentially-spaced flexible tabs. The fluid delivery apparatus also includes a fluid distribution assembly coupled to the collet assembly. The fluid distribution assembly is positionable relative to the collet between a pre-use configuration and a pre-activated configuration. The fluid distribution assembly has a plenum that includes a sleeve component having an exterior ledge extending thereabout. A lower wall portion of the sleeve component includes protrusions corresponding to the flexible tabs of the collet. In the pre-use configuration the exterior ledge of the sleeve component is engaged with the inner step of the collet assembly, and each flexible tab engages a respective protrusion to provide a snap-fit between the fluid distribution assembly and the collet assembly.1-19. (canceled) 20. A collet assembly for a fluid delivery apparatus, the collet assembly comprising:
a collet having a substantially frustoconical shape with an exterior surface and an interior surface, an upper wall and a lower wall, the interior surface defining a substantially hollow inner space for receiving a fluid distribution assembly; a step portion that extends radially inward around a circumference of the interior surface of the collet, the step portion configured to engage a plenum of the fluid distribution assembly and facilitate proper positioning of the plenum above an application surface; a collet lock located on the lower wall of the collet, the collet lock including at least one tab configured to prevent rotation of the plenum. 21. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the step portion is formed at an interface of the lower wall and the upper wall of the collet. 22. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the upper wall comprises at least one flexible tab extending radially inward of the interior surface. 23. The collet assembly according to claim 22, wherein the at least one flexible tab has a free end and a fixed end, the fixed end proximal to the interior surface and the free end distal of the interior surface. 24. The collet assembly according to claim 22, wherein the at least one flexible tab includes a plurality of flexible tabs spaced substantially equidistant around a circumference of the upper wall. 25. The collet assembly according to claim 22, wherein the at least one flexible tab is configured for a snap-fit with the fluid distribution assembly. 26. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the collet lock is substantially in the form of a ring shape. 27. The collet assembly according to claim 26, wherein the collet lock has a convex inner surface. 28. The collet assembly according to claim 27, wherein the collet lock includes at least one tab extending from the convex inner surface to a position radially inward therefrom. 29. The collet assembly according to claim 28, wherein the at least one tab of the collet lock is configured to engage with the plenum to facilitate the proper positioning of the plenum above the application surface. 30. The collet assembly according to claim 20, wherein the step portion is configured to limit an axial displacement of the fluid distribution assembly. 31. A fluid delivery apparatus for delivering a fluid through a user's skin surface, the fluid delivery apparatus having a central axis and comprising:
a collet assembly comprising an upper wall and a lower wall, a central portion defining an inner step, and a collet lock attached to the lower wall and having a plurality tabs extending radially inward from the lower wall; and a fluid distribution assembly slidably coupled to the collet assembly, the fluid distribution assembly comprising a plenum assembly and a cartridge assembly containing a fluid; wherein the fluid distribution assembly is limited in an upward axial travel by the inner step of the collet assembly and limited in an lower axial travel by the plurality of tabs of the collet lock. 32. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the plenum assembly comprises a sleeve component having a wall comprising an upper wall portion and a lower wall portion coupled to the upper wall portion and defining an exterior ledge extending about the sleeve component, the exterior ledge configured to abut the inner step of the collet assembly in a first position of the fluid distribution assembly. 33. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the upper wall of the collet assembly comprises a plurality of flexible tabs extending radially inward. 34. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the sleeve component of the plenum assembly comprises a lower wall portion including a plurality of protrusions spaced circumferentially equidistant about the central axis, and wherein each flexible tab of the plurality of flexible tabs of the collet lock engage a respective protrusion of the plurality of protrusions to provide a snap-fit between the fluid distribution assembly and the collet assembly. 35. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the collet assembly is substantially frustoconically shaped. 36. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 35, wherein the collet lock is substantially ring-shaped and is configured to attach an inner surface of the lower wall of the collet assembly. 37. The fluid delivery apparatus according to claim 36, wherein the collet lock has a convex inner surface. 38. A method of preparing a fluid delivery device to deliver a fluid through a user's skin surface, the method comprising:
inserting a fluid delivery apparatus into a collet assembly, wherein the a collet assembly comprises an upper wall and a lower wall, a central portion defining an inner step, and a collet lock attached to the lower wall and having a plurality tabs extending radially inward from the lower wall; and slidably coupling the fluid distribution assembly to the collet assembly by snap-fitting a plurality of flexible tabs of the collet assembly with a respective protrusion of a plurality of protrusions of a sleeve of the fluid delivery assembly, limiting an upward axial travel of the fluid distribution apparatus by abutting the sleeve with an inner step of the collet assembly. 39. The method according to claim 38, further comprising attaching a collet lock to a lower wall of the collet assembly, and limiting a lower axial travel of the fluid delivery apparatus with a plurality of tabs extending from an inner surface of the collet lock. | 2,600 |
339,077 | 16,799,931 | 2,684 | An image display apparatus and an image display method are provided. The image display method includes displaying an item list including items, and a cursor indicating a position of a user input for moving the cursor. The image display method further includes sensing the user input, moving the cursor based on the user input, and changing a gap between a first item and a second item adjacent to the first item, among the items, based on a positional relationship between the cursor and the first item. | 1. A display apparatus comprising:
a display configured to display an item list including items and a cursor controlled by an external device; and a processor configured to:
control the display to display the cursor moved based on movement of the external device, and gaps between the items according to a location of the cursor;
based on the location of the cursor being on a first item included in the item list, display a first gap between the first item and a second item adjacent to the first item and a second gap between the first item and a third item adjacent to the first item; and
based on the location of the cursor on the first item, being moved toward the second item, increase the first gap and decrease the second gap gradually. 2. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain a distance between the cursor and a central line of the first item; and continuously increase the first gap as the distance between the cursor and the central line of the first item becomes smaller. 3. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to continuously decrease the first gap as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item. 4. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
continuously decrease the first gap, and maintain the second gap, as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item to a central line of the third item; and change the first gap to a minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 5. The display apparatus of claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
set a third gap between the third item and the fourth item to the minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increase the third gap as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the third item; and change the third gap to a maximum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 6. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to change opacity of an image among a plurality of images of the first item based on a positional relationship between the cursor and the first item, and
wherein the plurality of images of each item of the item list includes at least a first image as a fovea image and a second image as a normal image. 7. The display apparatus of claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a maximum value in response to the cursor being positioned on a central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; and continuously decrease the opacity of the first image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 8. The display apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a minimum value in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; and continuously increase the opacity of the second image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 9. The display apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change the opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to the maximum value, and change opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; continuously decrease the opacity of the first image, and continuously increase the opacity of the second image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to a central line of the second item; and change the opacity of the first image to the minimum value, and change the opacity of the second image to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item to display the first item as the second image. 10. The display apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change opacity of a third image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the minimum value, and change opacity of a fourth image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increase the opacity of the third image, and continuously decrease the opacity of the fourth image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the second item; and change the opacity of the third image to the maximum value, and change the opacity of the fourth image to the minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item. 11. A method for operating a display apparatus comprising:
displaying an item list including items and a cursor controlled by an external device; displaying the cursor moved based on movement of the external device, and gaps between the items according to a location of the cursor; based on the location of the cursor being on a first item included in the item list, displaying a first gap between the first item and a second item adjacent to the first item and a second gap between the first item and a third item adjacent to the first item; and based on the location of the cursor on the first item, being moved toward the second item, increasing the first gap and decreasing the second gap gradually. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
obtaining a distance between the cursor and a central line of the first item; and continuously increasing the first gap as the distance between the cursor and the central line of the first item becomes smaller. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
continuously decreasing the first gap as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
continuously decreasing the first gap, and maintaining the second gap, as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item to a central line of the third item; and changing the first gap to a minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
setting a third gap between the third item and the fourth item to the minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increasing the third gap as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the third item; and changing the third gap to a maximum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
changing opacity of an image among a plurality of images of the first item based on a positional relationship between the cursor and the first item, wherein the plurality of images of each item of the item list includes at least a first image as a fovea image and a second image as a normal image. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
changing opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a maximum value in response to the cursor being positioned on a central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; and continuously decreasing the opacity of the first image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
changing opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a minimum value in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; and continuously increasing the opacity of the second image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
changing the opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to the maximum value, and change the opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to the minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; continuously decreasing the opacity of the first image, and continuously increase the opacity of the second image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to a central line of the second item; and changing the opacity of the first image to the minimum value, and change the opacity of the second image to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item to display the first item as the second image. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
changing opacity of a third image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the minimum value, and changing opacity of a fourth image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increasing the opacity of the third image, and continuously decrease the opacity of the fourth image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the second item; and changing the opacity of the third image to the maximum value, and change the opacity of the fourth image to the minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item. 21. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing an operating method of a display apparatus, the operating method comprising:
displaying an item list including items and a cursor controlled by an external device; displaying the cursor moved based on movement of the external device, and gaps between the items according to a location of the cursor; based on the location of the cursor being on a first item included in the item list, displaying a first gap between the first item and a second item adjacent to the first item and a second gap between the first item and a third item adjacent to the first item; and based on the location of the cursor on the first item, being moved toward the second item, increasing the first gap and decreasing the second gap gradually. | An image display apparatus and an image display method are provided. The image display method includes displaying an item list including items, and a cursor indicating a position of a user input for moving the cursor. The image display method further includes sensing the user input, moving the cursor based on the user input, and changing a gap between a first item and a second item adjacent to the first item, among the items, based on a positional relationship between the cursor and the first item.1. A display apparatus comprising:
a display configured to display an item list including items and a cursor controlled by an external device; and a processor configured to:
control the display to display the cursor moved based on movement of the external device, and gaps between the items according to a location of the cursor;
based on the location of the cursor being on a first item included in the item list, display a first gap between the first item and a second item adjacent to the first item and a second gap between the first item and a third item adjacent to the first item; and
based on the location of the cursor on the first item, being moved toward the second item, increase the first gap and decrease the second gap gradually. 2. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain a distance between the cursor and a central line of the first item; and continuously increase the first gap as the distance between the cursor and the central line of the first item becomes smaller. 3. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to continuously decrease the first gap as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item. 4. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
continuously decrease the first gap, and maintain the second gap, as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item to a central line of the third item; and change the first gap to a minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 5. The display apparatus of claim 4, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
set a third gap between the third item and the fourth item to the minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increase the third gap as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the third item; and change the third gap to a maximum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 6. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to change opacity of an image among a plurality of images of the first item based on a positional relationship between the cursor and the first item, and
wherein the plurality of images of each item of the item list includes at least a first image as a fovea image and a second image as a normal image. 7. The display apparatus of claim 6, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a maximum value in response to the cursor being positioned on a central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; and continuously decrease the opacity of the first image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 8. The display apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a minimum value in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; and continuously increase the opacity of the second image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 9. The display apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change the opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to the maximum value, and change opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; continuously decrease the opacity of the first image, and continuously increase the opacity of the second image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to a central line of the second item; and change the opacity of the first image to the minimum value, and change the opacity of the second image to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item to display the first item as the second image. 10. The display apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to:
change opacity of a third image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the minimum value, and change opacity of a fourth image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increase the opacity of the third image, and continuously decrease the opacity of the fourth image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the second item; and change the opacity of the third image to the maximum value, and change the opacity of the fourth image to the minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item. 11. A method for operating a display apparatus comprising:
displaying an item list including items and a cursor controlled by an external device; displaying the cursor moved based on movement of the external device, and gaps between the items according to a location of the cursor; based on the location of the cursor being on a first item included in the item list, displaying a first gap between the first item and a second item adjacent to the first item and a second gap between the first item and a third item adjacent to the first item; and based on the location of the cursor on the first item, being moved toward the second item, increasing the first gap and decreasing the second gap gradually. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
obtaining a distance between the cursor and a central line of the first item; and continuously increasing the first gap as the distance between the cursor and the central line of the first item becomes smaller. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
continuously decreasing the first gap as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
continuously decreasing the first gap, and maintaining the second gap, as the cursor is moved from a central line of the first item to a central line of the third item; and changing the first gap to a minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
setting a third gap between the third item and the fourth item to the minimum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increasing the third gap as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the third item; and changing the third gap to a maximum gap in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the third item. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
changing opacity of an image among a plurality of images of the first item based on a positional relationship between the cursor and the first item, wherein the plurality of images of each item of the item list includes at least a first image as a fovea image and a second image as a normal image. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
changing opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a maximum value in response to the cursor being positioned on a central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; and continuously decreasing the opacity of the first image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
changing opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to a minimum value in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; and continuously increasing the opacity of the second image as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
changing the opacity of the first image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to the maximum value, and change the opacity of the second image, among the plurality of images, of the first item to the minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item to display the first item as the first image; continuously decreasing the opacity of the first image, and continuously increase the opacity of the second image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to a central line of the second item; and changing the opacity of the first image to the minimum value, and change the opacity of the second image to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item to display the first item as the second image. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
changing opacity of a third image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the minimum value, and changing opacity of a fourth image, among the plurality of images, of the second item to the maximum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the first item; continuously increasing the opacity of the third image, and continuously decrease the opacity of the fourth image, as the cursor is moved from the central line of the first item to the central line of the second item; and changing the opacity of the third image to the maximum value, and change the opacity of the fourth image to the minimum value, in response to the cursor being positioned on the central line of the second item. 21. A non-transitory computer readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing an operating method of a display apparatus, the operating method comprising:
displaying an item list including items and a cursor controlled by an external device; displaying the cursor moved based on movement of the external device, and gaps between the items according to a location of the cursor; based on the location of the cursor being on a first item included in the item list, displaying a first gap between the first item and a second item adjacent to the first item and a second gap between the first item and a third item adjacent to the first item; and based on the location of the cursor on the first item, being moved toward the second item, increasing the first gap and decreasing the second gap gradually. | 2,600 |
339,078 | 16,799,969 | 2,684 | Provided is an oscillator including: a resonant element; an oscillation circuit oscillating the resonant element; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor that is provided at a location farther from the resonant element, than the first temperature sensor is; a temperature adjustment element adjusting a temperature of the resonant element; and a temperature control circuit generating a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature adjustment element on the basis of a temperature set value of the resonant element, a first temperature detection value detected by the first temperature sensor, and a temperature control correction value that is non-linear with respect to a second temperature. | 1. An oscillator comprising:
a resonant element; an oscillation circuit oscillating the resonant element; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor that is provided at a location farther fr the resonant element than the first temperature sensor is; a temperature adjustment element adjusting a temperature of the resonant element; and a temperature control circuit generating a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature adjustment element on the basis of a temperature set value of the resonant element, a first temperature detection value detected by the first temperature sensor, and a temperature control correction value based on a second temperature detection value detected by the second temperature sensor, wherein the temperature control correction value approximates a characteristic opposite to a temperature change of the resonant element with respect to an outside air temperature change when the temperature control correction value is zero by a second-order or higher polynomial having the second temperature detection value as a variable. 2. An oscillator comprising:
a resonant element; an oscillation circuit oscillating the resonant element; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor that is provided at a location farther from the resonant element than the first temperature sensor is; a temperature adjustment element adjusting a temperature of the resonant element; and a temperature control circuit generating a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature adjustment element on the basis of a temperature set value of the resonant element, a first temperature detection value detected by the first temperature sensor, and a temperature control correction value that is non-linear with respect to a second temperature detection value detected by the second temperature sensor. 3. The oscillator according to claim 1, wherein
the temperature control circuit generates the temperature control signal by comparing a value obtained by adding the temperature set value to the temperature control correction value with the first temperature detection value. 4. The oscillator according to claim 1, wherein
the temperature control circuit generates the temperature control signal by comparing a value obtained by adding the first temperature detection value to the temperature control correction value with the temperature set value. 5. The oscillator according to claim 1, wherein
the temperature control correction value is non-linear with respect to the second temperature detection value in a first range of the second temperature detection value, and the temperature control correction value is a fixed value regardless of the second temperature detection value in at least one of a lower limit or less of the first range and an upper limit or more of the first range. 6. The oscillator according to claim 1, further comprising:
a temperature compensation circuit that compensates a frequency of the oscillation circuit on the basis of the second temperature detection value. 7. The oscillator according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first circuit device and a second circuit device, wherein the oscillation circuit and the temperature control circuit are provided in the first circuit device, and the first temperature sensor and the temperature adjustment element are provided in the second circuit device. 8. The oscillator according to claim 7, wherein
the resonant element is bonded to the second circuit device. 9. The oscillator according to claim 7, further comprising:
a container accommodating the resonant element, the first circuit device, and the second circuit device, wherein 1the second temperature sensor is provided in the first circuit device. 10. The oscillator according to claim 7, further comprising:
a container accommodating the resonant element, the first circuit device, and the second circuit device, wherein the second temperature sensor is provided outside the container. 11. An electronic apparatus comprising:
the oscillator according to claim 1; and a processing circuit operating on the basis of an output signal from the oscillator. 12. A vehicle comprising:
the oscillator according to claim 1; and a processing circuit operating on the basis of an output signal from the oscillator. | Provided is an oscillator including: a resonant element; an oscillation circuit oscillating the resonant element; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor that is provided at a location farther from the resonant element, than the first temperature sensor is; a temperature adjustment element adjusting a temperature of the resonant element; and a temperature control circuit generating a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature adjustment element on the basis of a temperature set value of the resonant element, a first temperature detection value detected by the first temperature sensor, and a temperature control correction value that is non-linear with respect to a second temperature.1. An oscillator comprising:
a resonant element; an oscillation circuit oscillating the resonant element; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor that is provided at a location farther fr the resonant element than the first temperature sensor is; a temperature adjustment element adjusting a temperature of the resonant element; and a temperature control circuit generating a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature adjustment element on the basis of a temperature set value of the resonant element, a first temperature detection value detected by the first temperature sensor, and a temperature control correction value based on a second temperature detection value detected by the second temperature sensor, wherein the temperature control correction value approximates a characteristic opposite to a temperature change of the resonant element with respect to an outside air temperature change when the temperature control correction value is zero by a second-order or higher polynomial having the second temperature detection value as a variable. 2. An oscillator comprising:
a resonant element; an oscillation circuit oscillating the resonant element; a first temperature sensor; a second temperature sensor that is provided at a location farther from the resonant element than the first temperature sensor is; a temperature adjustment element adjusting a temperature of the resonant element; and a temperature control circuit generating a temperature control signal for controlling the temperature adjustment element on the basis of a temperature set value of the resonant element, a first temperature detection value detected by the first temperature sensor, and a temperature control correction value that is non-linear with respect to a second temperature detection value detected by the second temperature sensor. 3. The oscillator according to claim 1, wherein
the temperature control circuit generates the temperature control signal by comparing a value obtained by adding the temperature set value to the temperature control correction value with the first temperature detection value. 4. The oscillator according to claim 1, wherein
the temperature control circuit generates the temperature control signal by comparing a value obtained by adding the first temperature detection value to the temperature control correction value with the temperature set value. 5. The oscillator according to claim 1, wherein
the temperature control correction value is non-linear with respect to the second temperature detection value in a first range of the second temperature detection value, and the temperature control correction value is a fixed value regardless of the second temperature detection value in at least one of a lower limit or less of the first range and an upper limit or more of the first range. 6. The oscillator according to claim 1, further comprising:
a temperature compensation circuit that compensates a frequency of the oscillation circuit on the basis of the second temperature detection value. 7. The oscillator according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first circuit device and a second circuit device, wherein the oscillation circuit and the temperature control circuit are provided in the first circuit device, and the first temperature sensor and the temperature adjustment element are provided in the second circuit device. 8. The oscillator according to claim 7, wherein
the resonant element is bonded to the second circuit device. 9. The oscillator according to claim 7, further comprising:
a container accommodating the resonant element, the first circuit device, and the second circuit device, wherein 1the second temperature sensor is provided in the first circuit device. 10. The oscillator according to claim 7, further comprising:
a container accommodating the resonant element, the first circuit device, and the second circuit device, wherein the second temperature sensor is provided outside the container. 11. An electronic apparatus comprising:
the oscillator according to claim 1; and a processing circuit operating on the basis of an output signal from the oscillator. 12. A vehicle comprising:
the oscillator according to claim 1; and a processing circuit operating on the basis of an output signal from the oscillator. | 2,600 |
339,079 | 16,799,953 | 2,684 | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and a first insulating layer. A position of the third electrode in a first direction is between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction. The first semiconductor layer includes Alx1Ga1-x1N and includes a first partial region, a second partial region, and a third partial region. The second semiconductor layer includes Alx2Ga1-x2N. A portion of the second semiconductor layer is between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction. The first insulating layer includes a first insulating region. The first insulating region is between the third electrode and the portion of the second semiconductor layer in the second direction. | 1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, and a third partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), a portion of the second semiconductor layer being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction; and a first insulating layer including a first insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third electrode and the portion of the second semiconductor layer in the second direction, a concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region being less than 1/10 of a concentration of magnesium in the third partial region. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of magnesium in the third partial region is less than 1×1018/cm3. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region is less than 1×1017/cm3. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region is greater than 1×1014/cm3. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of magnesium in the portion of the second semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of magnesium in the third partial region. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein a concentration of hydrogen in the portion of the second semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of magnesium in the portion of the second semiconductor layer. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of hydrogen in the portion of the second semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region. 8. The device according to claim 1, further comprising an intermediate region provided between the first insulating region and the portion of the second semiconductor layer,
the intermediate region including silicon and nitrogen. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein a thickness along the second direction of the intermediate region is not less than 1 nm and not more than 5 nm. 10. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first semiconductor layer further includes a fourth partial region and a fifth partial region, the fourth partial region is between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region is between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the second semiconductor layer further includes a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region is aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region is aligned with the second direction, and a concentration of hydrogen in the fourth partial region is less than 1/10 of a concentration of magnesium in the fourth partial region. 11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the concentration of magnesium in the fourth partial region is less than 1×1018/cm3. 12. The device according to claim 10, wherein the concentration of hydrogen in the fourth partial region is less than 1×1017/cm3. 13. The device according to claim 10, further comprising an intermediate region provided between the fourth partial region and the first semiconductor region,
the intermediate region including silicon and nitrogen. 14. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a first direction from the third electrode toward the first electrode crossing a second direction from the second electrode toward the third electrode; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), a direction from the third electrode toward the first semiconductor layer being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the first semiconductor layer toward the first electrode being aligned with the second direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region, the first semiconductor region being between the third electrode and the first semiconductor layer in the first direction; and a first insulating layer including a first insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third electrode and the first semiconductor region in the first direction, a concentration of hydrogen in the first semiconductor layer being less than 1/10 of a concentration of magnesium in the first semiconductor layer. 15. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
preparing a structure body, the structure body including a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and a first layer, the first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1) and including magnesium and hydrogen, the second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer being between the first semiconductor layer and the first layer; and performing heat treatment of the structure body. 16. The method according to claim 15, comprising removing at least a portion of the first layer after the heat treatment. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the first layer includes silicon and nitrogen. 18. The method according to claim 15, wherein a temperature of the heat treatment is not less than 600° C. and not more than 900° C. 19. The method according to claim 15, further comprising forming a first insulating layer including silicon and oxygen after the heat treatment. 20. The method according to claim 15, further comprising performing an other heat treatment after the forming of the first insulating layer. | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and a first insulating layer. A position of the third electrode in a first direction is between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction. The first semiconductor layer includes Alx1Ga1-x1N and includes a first partial region, a second partial region, and a third partial region. The second semiconductor layer includes Alx2Ga1-x2N. A portion of the second semiconductor layer is between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction. The first insulating layer includes a first insulating region. The first insulating region is between the third electrode and the portion of the second semiconductor layer in the second direction.1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, and a third partial region, a second direction from the first partial region toward the first electrode crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), a portion of the second semiconductor layer being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction; and a first insulating layer including a first insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third electrode and the portion of the second semiconductor layer in the second direction, a concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region being less than 1/10 of a concentration of magnesium in the third partial region. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of magnesium in the third partial region is less than 1×1018/cm3. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region is less than 1×1017/cm3. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region is greater than 1×1014/cm3. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of magnesium in the portion of the second semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of magnesium in the third partial region. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein a concentration of hydrogen in the portion of the second semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of magnesium in the portion of the second semiconductor layer. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of hydrogen in the portion of the second semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of hydrogen in the third partial region. 8. The device according to claim 1, further comprising an intermediate region provided between the first insulating region and the portion of the second semiconductor layer,
the intermediate region including silicon and nitrogen. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein a thickness along the second direction of the intermediate region is not less than 1 nm and not more than 5 nm. 10. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the first semiconductor layer further includes a fourth partial region and a fifth partial region, the fourth partial region is between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region is between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction, the second semiconductor layer further includes a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region is aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region is aligned with the second direction, and a concentration of hydrogen in the fourth partial region is less than 1/10 of a concentration of magnesium in the fourth partial region. 11. The device according to claim 10, wherein the concentration of magnesium in the fourth partial region is less than 1×1018/cm3. 12. The device according to claim 10, wherein the concentration of hydrogen in the fourth partial region is less than 1×1017/cm3. 13. The device according to claim 10, further comprising an intermediate region provided between the fourth partial region and the first semiconductor region,
the intermediate region including silicon and nitrogen. 14. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a first direction from the third electrode toward the first electrode crossing a second direction from the second electrode toward the third electrode; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1), a direction from the third electrode toward the first semiconductor layer being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the first semiconductor layer toward the first electrode being aligned with the second direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region, the first semiconductor region being between the third electrode and the first semiconductor layer in the first direction; and a first insulating layer including a first insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third electrode and the first semiconductor region in the first direction, a concentration of hydrogen in the first semiconductor layer being less than 1/10 of a concentration of magnesium in the first semiconductor layer. 15. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
preparing a structure body, the structure body including a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and a first layer, the first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1-x1N (0≤x1<1) and including magnesium and hydrogen, the second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1-x2N (0<x2≤1 and x1<x2), the second semiconductor layer being between the first semiconductor layer and the first layer; and performing heat treatment of the structure body. 16. The method according to claim 15, comprising removing at least a portion of the first layer after the heat treatment. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the first layer includes silicon and nitrogen. 18. The method according to claim 15, wherein a temperature of the heat treatment is not less than 600° C. and not more than 900° C. 19. The method according to claim 15, further comprising forming a first insulating layer including silicon and oxygen after the heat treatment. 20. The method according to claim 15, further comprising performing an other heat treatment after the forming of the first insulating layer. | 2,600 |
339,080 | 16,799,965 | 2,684 | A terminal apparatus acquires marker information representing the characteristics of a marker and generates association information that associates a display target image with the marker information. A projector detects the position and characteristics of the marker disposed on a screen, identifies an image associated with the marker based on the marker information corresponding to the characteristics of the detected marker and the association information, determines the position where the image is displayed based on the position of the detected marker, and displays the identified image in the determined display position. | 1. A display method comprising:
causing a terminal apparatus to acquire marker information representing a characteristic of a marker; causing the terminal apparatus to generate association information that associates a display target image with the marker information; causing a detection apparatus to detect the marker disposed on a display surface; causing a display apparatus to extract the characteristic of the detected marker and identify an image associated with the marker based on the marker information corresponding to the extracted characteristic and the association information; causing the display apparatus to determine a position where the image is displayed based on a position of the detected marker; and causing the display apparatus to display the identified image in the determined display position. 2. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal apparatus acquires image data based on which the image is formed and generates the association information that associates the acquired image data with the marker information. 3. The display method according to claim 2,
wherein the display apparatus acquires the marker information corresponding to the extracted characteristic of the marker, and the display apparatus acquires the image data associated with the acquired marker information from a storage that stores the image data in accordance with the association information in such a way that the image is associated with the marker information and displays the image data. 4. The display method according to claim 1,
wherein the detection apparatus captures an image of the display surface to generate a captured image, and the display apparatus detects the marker in the generated captured image, extracts the characteristic of the marker, and detects the position of the marker. 5. The display method according to claim 4,
wherein the display apparatus detects movement of the marker based on a plurality of the generated captured images, and the display apparatus determines at least one of the position where the image is displayed and a size of the displayed image based on the detected movement of the marker. 6. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal apparatus acquires the marker information from a captured image containing an image of the marker. 7. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the marker information contains a shape or a color of an object used as the marker. 8. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the marker contains an image code, and the marker information contains information on a decoded code of the image code. 9. A display system comprising:
a terminal apparatus including an information acquirer that acquires marker information representing a characteristic of a marker and a generator that generates association information that associates a display target image with the marker information; and a display apparatus including a display section that displays an image on a display surface, a detector that detects a position and a characteristic of the marker disposed on the display surface, and a controller that identifies an image associated with the marker based on the marker information corresponding to the detected characteristic of the marker and the association information, determines a position where the image is displayed based on the detected position of the marker, and displays the identified image in the determined display position. 10. The display system according to claim 9, wherein the terminal apparatus includes a data acquirer that acquires image data based on which an image is formed, and
the generator generates the association information that associates the marker information acquired by the information acquirer with the image data acquired by the data acquirer. 11. The display system according to claim 10, further comprising
a storage that stores the image data in accordance with the association information generated by the terminal apparatus in such a way that the image is associated with the marker information, wherein the display apparatus acquires the marker information corresponding to the detected characteristic of the marker, acquires the image data associated with the acquired marker information from the storage, and displays the acquired image data. 12. The display system according to claim 9,
wherein the display apparatus includes an imager that captures an image of the display surface, and the controller detects the marker in the captured image generated by the imager and detects the position and the characteristic of the marker. 13. The display system according to claim 12, wherein the controller detects movement of the marker based on a plurality of the captured images and determines at least one of the position where the image is displayed and a size of the displayed image based on the detected movement of the marker. 14. The display system according to claim 9,
wherein the terminal apparatus includes an imager, and the information acquirer acquires the marker information from a captured image generated by the imager and containing the marker. 15. The display system according to claim 9, wherein the marker information contains a shape or a color of an object used as the marker. 16. The display system according to claim 9, wherein the marker contains an image code, and the marker information contains information on a decoded code of the image code. | A terminal apparatus acquires marker information representing the characteristics of a marker and generates association information that associates a display target image with the marker information. A projector detects the position and characteristics of the marker disposed on a screen, identifies an image associated with the marker based on the marker information corresponding to the characteristics of the detected marker and the association information, determines the position where the image is displayed based on the position of the detected marker, and displays the identified image in the determined display position.1. A display method comprising:
causing a terminal apparatus to acquire marker information representing a characteristic of a marker; causing the terminal apparatus to generate association information that associates a display target image with the marker information; causing a detection apparatus to detect the marker disposed on a display surface; causing a display apparatus to extract the characteristic of the detected marker and identify an image associated with the marker based on the marker information corresponding to the extracted characteristic and the association information; causing the display apparatus to determine a position where the image is displayed based on a position of the detected marker; and causing the display apparatus to display the identified image in the determined display position. 2. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal apparatus acquires image data based on which the image is formed and generates the association information that associates the acquired image data with the marker information. 3. The display method according to claim 2,
wherein the display apparatus acquires the marker information corresponding to the extracted characteristic of the marker, and the display apparatus acquires the image data associated with the acquired marker information from a storage that stores the image data in accordance with the association information in such a way that the image is associated with the marker information and displays the image data. 4. The display method according to claim 1,
wherein the detection apparatus captures an image of the display surface to generate a captured image, and the display apparatus detects the marker in the generated captured image, extracts the characteristic of the marker, and detects the position of the marker. 5. The display method according to claim 4,
wherein the display apparatus detects movement of the marker based on a plurality of the generated captured images, and the display apparatus determines at least one of the position where the image is displayed and a size of the displayed image based on the detected movement of the marker. 6. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the terminal apparatus acquires the marker information from a captured image containing an image of the marker. 7. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the marker information contains a shape or a color of an object used as the marker. 8. The display method according to claim 1, wherein the marker contains an image code, and the marker information contains information on a decoded code of the image code. 9. A display system comprising:
a terminal apparatus including an information acquirer that acquires marker information representing a characteristic of a marker and a generator that generates association information that associates a display target image with the marker information; and a display apparatus including a display section that displays an image on a display surface, a detector that detects a position and a characteristic of the marker disposed on the display surface, and a controller that identifies an image associated with the marker based on the marker information corresponding to the detected characteristic of the marker and the association information, determines a position where the image is displayed based on the detected position of the marker, and displays the identified image in the determined display position. 10. The display system according to claim 9, wherein the terminal apparatus includes a data acquirer that acquires image data based on which an image is formed, and
the generator generates the association information that associates the marker information acquired by the information acquirer with the image data acquired by the data acquirer. 11. The display system according to claim 10, further comprising
a storage that stores the image data in accordance with the association information generated by the terminal apparatus in such a way that the image is associated with the marker information, wherein the display apparatus acquires the marker information corresponding to the detected characteristic of the marker, acquires the image data associated with the acquired marker information from the storage, and displays the acquired image data. 12. The display system according to claim 9,
wherein the display apparatus includes an imager that captures an image of the display surface, and the controller detects the marker in the captured image generated by the imager and detects the position and the characteristic of the marker. 13. The display system according to claim 12, wherein the controller detects movement of the marker based on a plurality of the captured images and determines at least one of the position where the image is displayed and a size of the displayed image based on the detected movement of the marker. 14. The display system according to claim 9,
wherein the terminal apparatus includes an imager, and the information acquirer acquires the marker information from a captured image generated by the imager and containing the marker. 15. The display system according to claim 9, wherein the marker information contains a shape or a color of an object used as the marker. 16. The display system according to claim 9, wherein the marker contains an image code, and the marker information contains information on a decoded code of the image code. | 2,600 |
339,081 | 16,799,990 | 2,684 | A method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face implemented by a face image analysis apparatus (1) includes following steps: obtaining a to-be-identified image (2) showing a face of a user; performing a face recognition procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) for obtaining multiple strong reference points on the face; performing a fuzzy comparison procedure on the face of the to-be-identified image (2) based on a pre-trained training model (153) for generating a comparison result; automatically marking multiple muscle feature points (3) on the face according to the comparison result, wherein the multiple muscle feature points (3) respectively locate at multiple weak reference points of the face; and, displaying the multiple muscle feature points (3) and the to-be-identified image (2) on a display unit (11). | 1. A method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face, applied to a facial image analyzing device (1) having a processor (10), a display unit (11), and a storage (15) stored with a pre-trained training model (153), comprising:
a) obtaining a to-be-identified image (2) of a user; b) performing a face recognition procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) by the processor (10) for generating a face locating frame (5), wherein the face locating frame (5) indicates a face in the to-be-identified image (2) and covers multiple strong reference points of the face; c) performing a fuzzy comparison procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) based on the training model (153) by the processor (10) for generating an identification result; d) marking multiple muscle feature points (3) on the face of the to-be-identified image (2) according to the identification result, wherein the multiple muscle feature points (3) are located within the face locating frame (5) and corresponding to multiple weak reference points of the face; and e) displaying the to-be-identified image (2) and displaying the multiple muscle feature points (3) overlapped with the face of the to-be-identified image (2) by the display unit (11). 2. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the multiple muscle feature points (3) comprises at least four muscle feature points, the at least four muscle feature points comprises a first muscle feature point (31) and a second muscle feature point (32) located at a left side of the face, and comprises a third muscle feature point (33) and a fourth muscle feature point (34) located at a right side of the face, wherein a connection of the four muscle feature points virtually forms a rectangle frame or a trapezoid frame. 3. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 2, wherein the first muscle feature point (31) is located within a region constituted by a first tear through tangent (61), a first nasolabial fold tangent (63), a first vertical line of eye corner (67), and a first mandible ramus tangent (69) at the left side of the face, and the third muscle feature point (33) is located within a region constituted by a second tear trough tangent (62), a second nasolabial fold tangent (64), a second vertical line of eye corner (68), and a second mandible ramus tangent (70) at the right side of the face. 4. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 3, wherein the second muscle feature point (32) is located within a region constituted by the first nasolabial fold tangent (63), a first marionette line tangent (65), the first vertical line of eye corner (67), and the first mandible ramus tangent (69) at the left side of the face, the fourth muscle feature point (34) is located within a region constituted by the second nasolabial fold tangent (64), a second marionette line tangent (66), the second vertical line of eye corner (68), and the second mandible ramus tangent (70) at the right side of the face. 5. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the step a) is to real-time capture the to-be-identified image (2) by an image capturing unit (12) of the facial image analyzing device (1), read the to-be-identified image (2) from the storage (15) or externally receive the to-be-identified image (2) through a wireless transmitting unit (14) of the facial image analyzing device (1), wherein the to-be-identified image (2) comprises at least a facial image of the face of the user. 6. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the step b) is to perform the face recognition procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) for generating the face locating frame (5) through a Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) algorithm of Dlib Face Landmark system. 7. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, further comprising following steps before the step a):
a01) marking the multiple muscle feature points (4) respectively on each of a plurality of records of training data (152), wherein each of the records of the training data (152) respectively comprises a facial image; a02) performing the face recognition procedure to each of the records of the training data (152) through a Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) algorithm of Dlib Face Landmark system for generating the face locating frame (5) respectively on each of the records of the training data (152); a03) executing an Artificial Intelligent (AI) training algorithm (151) according to the training data (152) for analyzing and recording a relationship among the multiple muscle feature points (4) of each of the records of the training data (152) and a relationship between each of the muscle feature points (4) and one or more strong reference points within the face locating frame (5) of each of the records of the training data (152); a04) generating multiple muscle feature point locating rules according to the relationships analyzed and recorded in the step a03); and a05) establishing the training model (153) according to at least the multiple muscle feature point locating rules, a determination depth, and a number of regressions. 8. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 7, wherein the training model (153) is a regressor, the regressor comprises multiple Cascade regression trees having same contents, each of the regression trees (1531,1532,1533) respectively comprises multiple determination nodes (1534), at least a part of the multiple determination nodes (1534) are corresponding to the multiple muscle feature point locating rules, wherein an amount of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) equals the number of regressions, and an amount of the multiple determination nodes (1534) equals the determination depth. 9. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 8, wherein the step c) comprises following steps of:
c01) randomly generating multiple predicted feature points (80) corresponded to the multiple muscle feature points (3) on the to-be-identified image (2) according to a basic locating rule and a probability indicated by the training model (153); c02) importing the to-be-identified image (2) and the multiple predicted feature points (80) into one of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) of the training model (153); c03) obtaining multiple analyzing results of the regression tree (1531,1532,1533) used in the step c02); c04) adjusting the multiple predicted feature points (80) according to the multiple analyzing results for generating multiple adjusted-predicted points (81,82,83); c05) re-executing the step c02) to the step c04) according to the multiple adjusted-predicted points (81,82,83) before all of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) of the training model (153) are executed completely; and c06) regarding the multiple adjusted-predicted points (81,82,83) as the multiple muscle feature points (3) of the to-be-identified image (2) after all of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) are executed completely. 10. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 9, wherein each of the multiple analyzing results respectively records a weight (1535) of the to-be-identified image (2) incorporated with the multiple predicted feature points (80) in comparison with the content of at least a part of the multiple records of the training data (152), the weight (1535) indicates a similarity of a relationship between one or more strong reference points and each of the predicted feature points (80) on the to-be-identified image (2) and a relationship between one or more strong reference points and each of the multiple muscle feature points (4) on each of the records of the training data (152), wherein the step c04) is to adjust a coordinates of each of the predicted feature points (80) upon the to-be-identified image (2) according to multiple weights (1535). 11. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the processor (10) recognizes a plurality of area constituting assistance lines on the face within the face locating frame (5), the plurality of area constituting assistance lines comprises a first tear through tangent (61), a first nasolabial fold tangent (63), a first marionette line tangent (65), a first vertical line of eye corner (67), and a first mandible ramus tangent (69) at the left side of the face, and also comprises a second tear trough tangent (62), a second nasolabial fold tangent (64), a second marionette line tangent (66), a second vertical line of eye corner (68), and a second mandible ramus tangent (70) at the right side of the face, wherein the processor (10) determines whether the multiple muscle feature points (3) are respectively located within each corresponding region constituted by the plurality of area constituting assistance lines, and determines that the identification result is incorrect if any one of the muscle feature points (3) does not locate within the corresponding region. | A method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face implemented by a face image analysis apparatus (1) includes following steps: obtaining a to-be-identified image (2) showing a face of a user; performing a face recognition procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) for obtaining multiple strong reference points on the face; performing a fuzzy comparison procedure on the face of the to-be-identified image (2) based on a pre-trained training model (153) for generating a comparison result; automatically marking multiple muscle feature points (3) on the face according to the comparison result, wherein the multiple muscle feature points (3) respectively locate at multiple weak reference points of the face; and, displaying the multiple muscle feature points (3) and the to-be-identified image (2) on a display unit (11).1. A method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face, applied to a facial image analyzing device (1) having a processor (10), a display unit (11), and a storage (15) stored with a pre-trained training model (153), comprising:
a) obtaining a to-be-identified image (2) of a user; b) performing a face recognition procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) by the processor (10) for generating a face locating frame (5), wherein the face locating frame (5) indicates a face in the to-be-identified image (2) and covers multiple strong reference points of the face; c) performing a fuzzy comparison procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) based on the training model (153) by the processor (10) for generating an identification result; d) marking multiple muscle feature points (3) on the face of the to-be-identified image (2) according to the identification result, wherein the multiple muscle feature points (3) are located within the face locating frame (5) and corresponding to multiple weak reference points of the face; and e) displaying the to-be-identified image (2) and displaying the multiple muscle feature points (3) overlapped with the face of the to-be-identified image (2) by the display unit (11). 2. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the multiple muscle feature points (3) comprises at least four muscle feature points, the at least four muscle feature points comprises a first muscle feature point (31) and a second muscle feature point (32) located at a left side of the face, and comprises a third muscle feature point (33) and a fourth muscle feature point (34) located at a right side of the face, wherein a connection of the four muscle feature points virtually forms a rectangle frame or a trapezoid frame. 3. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 2, wherein the first muscle feature point (31) is located within a region constituted by a first tear through tangent (61), a first nasolabial fold tangent (63), a first vertical line of eye corner (67), and a first mandible ramus tangent (69) at the left side of the face, and the third muscle feature point (33) is located within a region constituted by a second tear trough tangent (62), a second nasolabial fold tangent (64), a second vertical line of eye corner (68), and a second mandible ramus tangent (70) at the right side of the face. 4. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 3, wherein the second muscle feature point (32) is located within a region constituted by the first nasolabial fold tangent (63), a first marionette line tangent (65), the first vertical line of eye corner (67), and the first mandible ramus tangent (69) at the left side of the face, the fourth muscle feature point (34) is located within a region constituted by the second nasolabial fold tangent (64), a second marionette line tangent (66), the second vertical line of eye corner (68), and the second mandible ramus tangent (70) at the right side of the face. 5. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the step a) is to real-time capture the to-be-identified image (2) by an image capturing unit (12) of the facial image analyzing device (1), read the to-be-identified image (2) from the storage (15) or externally receive the to-be-identified image (2) through a wireless transmitting unit (14) of the facial image analyzing device (1), wherein the to-be-identified image (2) comprises at least a facial image of the face of the user. 6. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the step b) is to perform the face recognition procedure to the to-be-identified image (2) for generating the face locating frame (5) through a Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) algorithm of Dlib Face Landmark system. 7. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, further comprising following steps before the step a):
a01) marking the multiple muscle feature points (4) respectively on each of a plurality of records of training data (152), wherein each of the records of the training data (152) respectively comprises a facial image; a02) performing the face recognition procedure to each of the records of the training data (152) through a Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) algorithm of Dlib Face Landmark system for generating the face locating frame (5) respectively on each of the records of the training data (152); a03) executing an Artificial Intelligent (AI) training algorithm (151) according to the training data (152) for analyzing and recording a relationship among the multiple muscle feature points (4) of each of the records of the training data (152) and a relationship between each of the muscle feature points (4) and one or more strong reference points within the face locating frame (5) of each of the records of the training data (152); a04) generating multiple muscle feature point locating rules according to the relationships analyzed and recorded in the step a03); and a05) establishing the training model (153) according to at least the multiple muscle feature point locating rules, a determination depth, and a number of regressions. 8. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 7, wherein the training model (153) is a regressor, the regressor comprises multiple Cascade regression trees having same contents, each of the regression trees (1531,1532,1533) respectively comprises multiple determination nodes (1534), at least a part of the multiple determination nodes (1534) are corresponding to the multiple muscle feature point locating rules, wherein an amount of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) equals the number of regressions, and an amount of the multiple determination nodes (1534) equals the determination depth. 9. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 8, wherein the step c) comprises following steps of:
c01) randomly generating multiple predicted feature points (80) corresponded to the multiple muscle feature points (3) on the to-be-identified image (2) according to a basic locating rule and a probability indicated by the training model (153); c02) importing the to-be-identified image (2) and the multiple predicted feature points (80) into one of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) of the training model (153); c03) obtaining multiple analyzing results of the regression tree (1531,1532,1533) used in the step c02); c04) adjusting the multiple predicted feature points (80) according to the multiple analyzing results for generating multiple adjusted-predicted points (81,82,83); c05) re-executing the step c02) to the step c04) according to the multiple adjusted-predicted points (81,82,83) before all of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) of the training model (153) are executed completely; and c06) regarding the multiple adjusted-predicted points (81,82,83) as the multiple muscle feature points (3) of the to-be-identified image (2) after all of the multiple regression trees (1531,1532,1533) are executed completely. 10. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 9, wherein each of the multiple analyzing results respectively records a weight (1535) of the to-be-identified image (2) incorporated with the multiple predicted feature points (80) in comparison with the content of at least a part of the multiple records of the training data (152), the weight (1535) indicates a similarity of a relationship between one or more strong reference points and each of the predicted feature points (80) on the to-be-identified image (2) and a relationship between one or more strong reference points and each of the multiple muscle feature points (4) on each of the records of the training data (152), wherein the step c04) is to adjust a coordinates of each of the predicted feature points (80) upon the to-be-identified image (2) according to multiple weights (1535). 11. The method for automatically marking muscle feature points on face in claim 1, wherein the processor (10) recognizes a plurality of area constituting assistance lines on the face within the face locating frame (5), the plurality of area constituting assistance lines comprises a first tear through tangent (61), a first nasolabial fold tangent (63), a first marionette line tangent (65), a first vertical line of eye corner (67), and a first mandible ramus tangent (69) at the left side of the face, and also comprises a second tear trough tangent (62), a second nasolabial fold tangent (64), a second marionette line tangent (66), a second vertical line of eye corner (68), and a second mandible ramus tangent (70) at the right side of the face, wherein the processor (10) determines whether the multiple muscle feature points (3) are respectively located within each corresponding region constituted by the plurality of area constituting assistance lines, and determines that the identification result is incorrect if any one of the muscle feature points (3) does not locate within the corresponding region. | 2,600 |
339,082 | 16,799,992 | 2,684 | A system and method for controlling a multiplicity of luminaries connected to a single wire pair. The luminaries contain minimum circuitry to allow dimming and color tuning by pulses on the wire pair without the need for a separate control wire or control communication bus or network. A single luminary can be color tuned to many different colors as well as dimmed and turned on and off. A driver module drives the wire pair and receives commands over a network The driver module contains a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies pulses to the two-wire output. The amplitude of some the pulses control color of the luminary by selecting different LEDs in the luminary to light, while other pulses control brightness. | 1. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver module containing a controller that receives commands over a network; said driver module also containing a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies cyclic pulses to a two-wire output port, wherein, the controller can adjust the amplitude of said cyclic pulses dynamically on a pulse by pulse basis; at least one luminary with a two-wire input attached to the two-wire output of the driver module, the luminary containing a plurality of LED strings, each with a different color temperature, and a plurality of voltage filters, wherein each LED string has an associated voltage filter that accepts a particular pulse amplitude window to turn on that LED string; wherein, the driver selects a particular LED string by supplying a pulse to the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string whose amplitude falls within the particular pulse amplitude window of the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string; wherein, the driver controls average bulb color temperature by selecting different LED strings within the bulb cyclically on a time-percentage basis to produce a desired average bulb color temperature. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the pulse generation circuit produces a plurality of pulse cycles, each pulse cycle containing a sync pulse followed by a power pulse. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse selects a particular LED string within the bulb. 4. The system of claim 2 wherein, the amplitude of the power pulse controls LED brightness. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein each bulb contains circuitry that is tuned by a resistor value that allows a particular amplitude of the sync pulse to light a selected LED string on the next power pulse by activating the particular voltage filter associated with the selected LED string. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the amplitude of the next power pulse controls brightness of the associated LED string. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the two-wire output port is connected in parallel to a plurality of different luminaries. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein commands over the network cause the driver module to light and control different luminaries connected to the two-wire output port. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein each voltage filter has an associated voltage window determined by changing a resistor value. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein each voltage filter can accept one of N different resistor values creating N different possible voltage windows, where N is a positive integer. 11. The system of claim 10 wherein N=5. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein the driver module is powered over the network. 13. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver configured to supply a train of pulses to a luminary, the driver dynamically supplying pulses of different amplitudes to the luminary to control color temperature of the luminary; the luminary containing circuits that distinguish different pulse amplitudes causing different LEDs to light within the luminary based on pulse amplitude, wherein different LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the train of pulses is divided into cycles, each cycle containing a sync pulse and a power pulse. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse is used to choose which LEDs light in the luminary, and the amplitude of the power pulse is used to control brightness. 16. The system of claim 13 wherein the driver is connected to a network and receives commands over the network to turn the luminary on and off, to control the color of the luminary and to control the brightness of the luminary. 17. The system of claim 13 wherein the luminary contains a plurality of voltage filters. 18. A method of color and brightness tuning of a luminary comprising:
transmitting a train of pulses from a driver to the luminary; selecting a particular string of LEDs within the luminary to light based on amplitude of a first set of pulses in the train of pulses, wherein different strings of LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising selecting a particular brightness of the particular string of LEDs within the luminary based on amplitude of a second set of pulses within the pulse train. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of pulses are sync pulses, and the second set of pulses are power pulses, a power pulse following each sync pulse. | A system and method for controlling a multiplicity of luminaries connected to a single wire pair. The luminaries contain minimum circuitry to allow dimming and color tuning by pulses on the wire pair without the need for a separate control wire or control communication bus or network. A single luminary can be color tuned to many different colors as well as dimmed and turned on and off. A driver module drives the wire pair and receives commands over a network The driver module contains a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies pulses to the two-wire output. The amplitude of some the pulses control color of the luminary by selecting different LEDs in the luminary to light, while other pulses control brightness.1. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver module containing a controller that receives commands over a network; said driver module also containing a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies cyclic pulses to a two-wire output port, wherein, the controller can adjust the amplitude of said cyclic pulses dynamically on a pulse by pulse basis; at least one luminary with a two-wire input attached to the two-wire output of the driver module, the luminary containing a plurality of LED strings, each with a different color temperature, and a plurality of voltage filters, wherein each LED string has an associated voltage filter that accepts a particular pulse amplitude window to turn on that LED string; wherein, the driver selects a particular LED string by supplying a pulse to the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string whose amplitude falls within the particular pulse amplitude window of the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string; wherein, the driver controls average bulb color temperature by selecting different LED strings within the bulb cyclically on a time-percentage basis to produce a desired average bulb color temperature. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the pulse generation circuit produces a plurality of pulse cycles, each pulse cycle containing a sync pulse followed by a power pulse. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse selects a particular LED string within the bulb. 4. The system of claim 2 wherein, the amplitude of the power pulse controls LED brightness. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein each bulb contains circuitry that is tuned by a resistor value that allows a particular amplitude of the sync pulse to light a selected LED string on the next power pulse by activating the particular voltage filter associated with the selected LED string. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the amplitude of the next power pulse controls brightness of the associated LED string. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the two-wire output port is connected in parallel to a plurality of different luminaries. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein commands over the network cause the driver module to light and control different luminaries connected to the two-wire output port. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein each voltage filter has an associated voltage window determined by changing a resistor value. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein each voltage filter can accept one of N different resistor values creating N different possible voltage windows, where N is a positive integer. 11. The system of claim 10 wherein N=5. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein the driver module is powered over the network. 13. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver configured to supply a train of pulses to a luminary, the driver dynamically supplying pulses of different amplitudes to the luminary to control color temperature of the luminary; the luminary containing circuits that distinguish different pulse amplitudes causing different LEDs to light within the luminary based on pulse amplitude, wherein different LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the train of pulses is divided into cycles, each cycle containing a sync pulse and a power pulse. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse is used to choose which LEDs light in the luminary, and the amplitude of the power pulse is used to control brightness. 16. The system of claim 13 wherein the driver is connected to a network and receives commands over the network to turn the luminary on and off, to control the color of the luminary and to control the brightness of the luminary. 17. The system of claim 13 wherein the luminary contains a plurality of voltage filters. 18. A method of color and brightness tuning of a luminary comprising:
transmitting a train of pulses from a driver to the luminary; selecting a particular string of LEDs within the luminary to light based on amplitude of a first set of pulses in the train of pulses, wherein different strings of LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising selecting a particular brightness of the particular string of LEDs within the luminary based on amplitude of a second set of pulses within the pulse train. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of pulses are sync pulses, and the second set of pulses are power pulses, a power pulse following each sync pulse. | 2,600 |
339,083 | 16,799,960 | 2,684 | A system and method for controlling a multiplicity of luminaries connected to a single wire pair. The luminaries contain minimum circuitry to allow dimming and color tuning by pulses on the wire pair without the need for a separate control wire or control communication bus or network. A single luminary can be color tuned to many different colors as well as dimmed and turned on and off. A driver module drives the wire pair and receives commands over a network The driver module contains a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies pulses to the two-wire output. The amplitude of some the pulses control color of the luminary by selecting different LEDs in the luminary to light, while other pulses control brightness. | 1. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver module containing a controller that receives commands over a network; said driver module also containing a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies cyclic pulses to a two-wire output port, wherein, the controller can adjust the amplitude of said cyclic pulses dynamically on a pulse by pulse basis; at least one luminary with a two-wire input attached to the two-wire output of the driver module, the luminary containing a plurality of LED strings, each with a different color temperature, and a plurality of voltage filters, wherein each LED string has an associated voltage filter that accepts a particular pulse amplitude window to turn on that LED string; wherein, the driver selects a particular LED string by supplying a pulse to the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string whose amplitude falls within the particular pulse amplitude window of the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string; wherein, the driver controls average bulb color temperature by selecting different LED strings within the bulb cyclically on a time-percentage basis to produce a desired average bulb color temperature. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the pulse generation circuit produces a plurality of pulse cycles, each pulse cycle containing a sync pulse followed by a power pulse. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse selects a particular LED string within the bulb. 4. The system of claim 2 wherein, the amplitude of the power pulse controls LED brightness. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein each bulb contains circuitry that is tuned by a resistor value that allows a particular amplitude of the sync pulse to light a selected LED string on the next power pulse by activating the particular voltage filter associated with the selected LED string. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the amplitude of the next power pulse controls brightness of the associated LED string. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the two-wire output port is connected in parallel to a plurality of different luminaries. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein commands over the network cause the driver module to light and control different luminaries connected to the two-wire output port. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein each voltage filter has an associated voltage window determined by changing a resistor value. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein each voltage filter can accept one of N different resistor values creating N different possible voltage windows, where N is a positive integer. 11. The system of claim 10 wherein N=5. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein the driver module is powered over the network. 13. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver configured to supply a train of pulses to a luminary, the driver dynamically supplying pulses of different amplitudes to the luminary to control color temperature of the luminary; the luminary containing circuits that distinguish different pulse amplitudes causing different LEDs to light within the luminary based on pulse amplitude, wherein different LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the train of pulses is divided into cycles, each cycle containing a sync pulse and a power pulse. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse is used to choose which LEDs light in the luminary, and the amplitude of the power pulse is used to control brightness. 16. The system of claim 13 wherein the driver is connected to a network and receives commands over the network to turn the luminary on and off, to control the color of the luminary and to control the brightness of the luminary. 17. The system of claim 13 wherein the luminary contains a plurality of voltage filters. 18. A method of color and brightness tuning of a luminary comprising:
transmitting a train of pulses from a driver to the luminary; selecting a particular string of LEDs within the luminary to light based on amplitude of a first set of pulses in the train of pulses, wherein different strings of LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising selecting a particular brightness of the particular string of LEDs within the luminary based on amplitude of a second set of pulses within the pulse train. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of pulses are sync pulses, and the second set of pulses are power pulses, a power pulse following each sync pulse. | A system and method for controlling a multiplicity of luminaries connected to a single wire pair. The luminaries contain minimum circuitry to allow dimming and color tuning by pulses on the wire pair without the need for a separate control wire or control communication bus or network. A single luminary can be color tuned to many different colors as well as dimmed and turned on and off. A driver module drives the wire pair and receives commands over a network The driver module contains a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies pulses to the two-wire output. The amplitude of some the pulses control color of the luminary by selecting different LEDs in the luminary to light, while other pulses control brightness.1. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver module containing a controller that receives commands over a network; said driver module also containing a pulse generation circuit that generates and applies cyclic pulses to a two-wire output port, wherein, the controller can adjust the amplitude of said cyclic pulses dynamically on a pulse by pulse basis; at least one luminary with a two-wire input attached to the two-wire output of the driver module, the luminary containing a plurality of LED strings, each with a different color temperature, and a plurality of voltage filters, wherein each LED string has an associated voltage filter that accepts a particular pulse amplitude window to turn on that LED string; wherein, the driver selects a particular LED string by supplying a pulse to the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string whose amplitude falls within the particular pulse amplitude window of the voltage filter associated with the particular LED string; wherein, the driver controls average bulb color temperature by selecting different LED strings within the bulb cyclically on a time-percentage basis to produce a desired average bulb color temperature. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the pulse generation circuit produces a plurality of pulse cycles, each pulse cycle containing a sync pulse followed by a power pulse. 3. The system of claim 2 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse selects a particular LED string within the bulb. 4. The system of claim 2 wherein, the amplitude of the power pulse controls LED brightness. 5. The system of claim 2 wherein each bulb contains circuitry that is tuned by a resistor value that allows a particular amplitude of the sync pulse to light a selected LED string on the next power pulse by activating the particular voltage filter associated with the selected LED string. 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the amplitude of the next power pulse controls brightness of the associated LED string. 7. The system of claim 1 wherein the two-wire output port is connected in parallel to a plurality of different luminaries. 8. The system of claim 7 wherein commands over the network cause the driver module to light and control different luminaries connected to the two-wire output port. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein each voltage filter has an associated voltage window determined by changing a resistor value. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein each voltage filter can accept one of N different resistor values creating N different possible voltage windows, where N is a positive integer. 11. The system of claim 10 wherein N=5. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein the driver module is powered over the network. 13. A system for controlling a plurality of luminaries with a single controller over two wires comprising:
a driver configured to supply a train of pulses to a luminary, the driver dynamically supplying pulses of different amplitudes to the luminary to control color temperature of the luminary; the luminary containing circuits that distinguish different pulse amplitudes causing different LEDs to light within the luminary based on pulse amplitude, wherein different LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the train of pulses is divided into cycles, each cycle containing a sync pulse and a power pulse. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein the amplitude of the sync pulse is used to choose which LEDs light in the luminary, and the amplitude of the power pulse is used to control brightness. 16. The system of claim 13 wherein the driver is connected to a network and receives commands over the network to turn the luminary on and off, to control the color of the luminary and to control the brightness of the luminary. 17. The system of claim 13 wherein the luminary contains a plurality of voltage filters. 18. A method of color and brightness tuning of a luminary comprising:
transmitting a train of pulses from a driver to the luminary; selecting a particular string of LEDs within the luminary to light based on amplitude of a first set of pulses in the train of pulses, wherein different strings of LEDs within the luminary have different color temperatures. 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising selecting a particular brightness of the particular string of LEDs within the luminary based on amplitude of a second set of pulses within the pulse train. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the first set of pulses are sync pulses, and the second set of pulses are power pulses, a power pulse following each sync pulse. | 2,600 |
339,084 | 16,799,936 | 2,684 | In certain aspects, a tag memory comprises a plurality of non-configurable tag columns configured to be powered on during a normal operation; and a plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein a first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered off during the normal operation and a second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation. | 1. A tag memory, comprising:
a plurality of non-configurable tag columns configured to be powered on during a normal operation; and a plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein a first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered off during the normal operation and a second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation. 2. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of configurable power switches coupled to the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein each of the plurality of configurable tag columns couples to a supply power through a corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, and each of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on or off by turning on or off the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 3. The tag memory of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of configurable power switches comprises a PMOS transistor. 4. The tag memory of claim 2 further comprising a configuration circuit configured to provide a plurality of switch control signals each coupled to the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, wherein each of the plurality of switch control signals controls on or off the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 5. The tag memory of claim 4, wherein the configuration circuit comprises a decoder to generate the plurality of switch control signals from configuration bits. 6. The tag memory of claim 5, wherein the configuration bits reside in a register. 7. The tag memory of claim 5, wherein the configuration bits are configured to be set up during boot up. 8. The tag memory of claim 1, wherein the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains most significant bits of a physical address and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains next most significant bits of the physical address. 9. The tag memory of claim 8, wherein the plurality of non-configurable tag columns contains remaining bits of a tag field. 10. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of non-configurable power switches coupled to the plurality of non-configurable tag columns, wherein each of the plurality of non-configurable tag columns couples to a supply power through corresponding one of the plurality of non-configurable power switches. 11. The tag memory of claim 10, wherein the plurality of non-configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation and powered off during a power collapse through the plurality of non-configurable power switches. 12. The tag memory of claim 11, wherein the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered off during the normal operation and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation, and wherein both the first portion and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns are configured to be powered off during the power collapse. 13. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a clamp logic coupled to outputs of the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein the clamp logic is configured to pass each output of the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns and pass a fixed logic value for each output of the first portion of the plurality of configuration tag columns. 14. The tag memory of claim 13, wherein the clamp logic comprises a plurality of 2-input AND logic gates, where each one of the plurality of 2-input AND logic gates receives one of the output of the plurality of configurable tag columns and a corresponding switch control signal. 15. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a first plurality of bit comparators each coupled to each output of the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein the first plurality of bit comparators is configured to power off during the normal operation. 16. The tag memory of claim 15 further comprising a second plurality of bit comparators each coupled to each output of the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns and a third plurality of bit comparators each coupled to each output of the plurality of non-configurable tag columns, wherein the second plurality of bit comparators and the third plurality of the bit comparators are configured to power on during the normal operation. 17. The tag memory of claim 1 is a part of level 1 cache. 18. A method for operating a tag memory, comprising:
powering on a plurality of non-configurable tag columns during a normal operation; powering off a first portion of a plurality of configurable tag columns during the normal operation; and powering on a second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns during the normal operation. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the tag memory comprises a plurality of configurable power switches coupled to the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein each of the plurality of configurable tag columns couples to a power supply through corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, and each of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on or off by turning on or off the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 20. The method of claim 19 further comprising generating a plurality of switch control signals each coupled to the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, wherein each of the plurality of switch control signals controls on or off of the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains most significant bits of a physical address and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains next most significant bits of the physical address. 22. The method of claim 18 further comprising powering off the plurality of non-configurable tag columns, the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns, and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns during a power collapse. 23. The method of claim 18 further comprising holding outputs of the first portion of the plurality of configurable columns to a fix logic value during the normal operation. | In certain aspects, a tag memory comprises a plurality of non-configurable tag columns configured to be powered on during a normal operation; and a plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein a first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered off during the normal operation and a second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation.1. A tag memory, comprising:
a plurality of non-configurable tag columns configured to be powered on during a normal operation; and a plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein a first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered off during the normal operation and a second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation. 2. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of configurable power switches coupled to the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein each of the plurality of configurable tag columns couples to a supply power through a corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, and each of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on or off by turning on or off the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 3. The tag memory of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of configurable power switches comprises a PMOS transistor. 4. The tag memory of claim 2 further comprising a configuration circuit configured to provide a plurality of switch control signals each coupled to the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, wherein each of the plurality of switch control signals controls on or off the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 5. The tag memory of claim 4, wherein the configuration circuit comprises a decoder to generate the plurality of switch control signals from configuration bits. 6. The tag memory of claim 5, wherein the configuration bits reside in a register. 7. The tag memory of claim 5, wherein the configuration bits are configured to be set up during boot up. 8. The tag memory of claim 1, wherein the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains most significant bits of a physical address and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains next most significant bits of the physical address. 9. The tag memory of claim 8, wherein the plurality of non-configurable tag columns contains remaining bits of a tag field. 10. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of non-configurable power switches coupled to the plurality of non-configurable tag columns, wherein each of the plurality of non-configurable tag columns couples to a supply power through corresponding one of the plurality of non-configurable power switches. 11. The tag memory of claim 10, wherein the plurality of non-configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation and powered off during a power collapse through the plurality of non-configurable power switches. 12. The tag memory of claim 11, wherein the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered off during the normal operation and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on during the normal operation, and wherein both the first portion and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns are configured to be powered off during the power collapse. 13. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a clamp logic coupled to outputs of the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein the clamp logic is configured to pass each output of the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns and pass a fixed logic value for each output of the first portion of the plurality of configuration tag columns. 14. The tag memory of claim 13, wherein the clamp logic comprises a plurality of 2-input AND logic gates, where each one of the plurality of 2-input AND logic gates receives one of the output of the plurality of configurable tag columns and a corresponding switch control signal. 15. The tag memory of claim 1 further comprising a first plurality of bit comparators each coupled to each output of the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein the first plurality of bit comparators is configured to power off during the normal operation. 16. The tag memory of claim 15 further comprising a second plurality of bit comparators each coupled to each output of the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns and a third plurality of bit comparators each coupled to each output of the plurality of non-configurable tag columns, wherein the second plurality of bit comparators and the third plurality of the bit comparators are configured to power on during the normal operation. 17. The tag memory of claim 1 is a part of level 1 cache. 18. A method for operating a tag memory, comprising:
powering on a plurality of non-configurable tag columns during a normal operation; powering off a first portion of a plurality of configurable tag columns during the normal operation; and powering on a second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns during the normal operation. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the tag memory comprises a plurality of configurable power switches coupled to the plurality of configurable tag columns, wherein each of the plurality of configurable tag columns couples to a power supply through corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, and each of the plurality of configurable tag columns is configured to be powered on or off by turning on or off the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 20. The method of claim 19 further comprising generating a plurality of switch control signals each coupled to the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches, wherein each of the plurality of switch control signals controls on or off of the corresponding one of the plurality of configurable power switches. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains most significant bits of a physical address and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns contains next most significant bits of the physical address. 22. The method of claim 18 further comprising powering off the plurality of non-configurable tag columns, the first portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns, and the second portion of the plurality of configurable tag columns during a power collapse. 23. The method of claim 18 further comprising holding outputs of the first portion of the plurality of configurable columns to a fix logic value during the normal operation. | 2,600 |
339,085 | 16,799,944 | 2,684 | According to one embodiment, a secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator. The positive electrode includes a first electrolyte containing aluminum ions. The negative electrode is capable of allowing lithium ions to be inserted and extracted. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator has lithium ion conductivity. | 1. A secondary battery comprising
a positive electrode comprising a first electrolyte containing aluminum ions; a negative electrode capable of allowing lithium ions to be inserted and extracted; and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and having lithium ion conductivity. 2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode comprises at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a lithium metal, a lithium alloy, and a compound capable of allowing lithium ions to be inserted and extracted. 3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode comprises a porous body and the first electrolyte held in the porous body. 4. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the first electrolyte comprises an aluminum salt and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, an imidazolium salt, a quaternary ammonium salt, and a lithium salt. 5. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the first electrolyte is an ionic liquid comprising at least one kind of cation selected from the group consisting of an alkylimidazolium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, and a lithium ion. 6. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the separator having the lithium ion conductivity comprises a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte. 7. The secondary battery according to claim 1, further comprising a second electrolyte held in the negative electrode and containing lithium ions. 8. The secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein the second electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and a lithium salt dissolved in the organic solvent. 9. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the separator having the lithium ion conductivity comprises a first separator having a principal surface facing the positive electrode and a second separator having a principal surface facing the negative electrode. 10. The secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the first separator is a layer comprising a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte, and the second separator comprises a porous layer. 11. A battery pack comprising the secondary battery according to claim 1. 12. The battery pack according to claim 11, further comprising an external power distribution terminal and a protective circuit. 13. The battery pack according to claim 11, further comprising a plurality of the secondary battery, the secondary batteries being electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of in-series connection and in-parallel connection. 14. A vehicle comprising the battery pack according to claim 11. 15. A stationary power supply comprising the battery pack according to claim 11. | According to one embodiment, a secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator. The positive electrode includes a first electrolyte containing aluminum ions. The negative electrode is capable of allowing lithium ions to be inserted and extracted. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator has lithium ion conductivity.1. A secondary battery comprising
a positive electrode comprising a first electrolyte containing aluminum ions; a negative electrode capable of allowing lithium ions to be inserted and extracted; and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and having lithium ion conductivity. 2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode comprises at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a lithium metal, a lithium alloy, and a compound capable of allowing lithium ions to be inserted and extracted. 3. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode comprises a porous body and the first electrolyte held in the porous body. 4. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the first electrolyte comprises an aluminum salt and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, an imidazolium salt, a quaternary ammonium salt, and a lithium salt. 5. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the first electrolyte is an ionic liquid comprising at least one kind of cation selected from the group consisting of an alkylimidazolium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, and a lithium ion. 6. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the separator having the lithium ion conductivity comprises a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte. 7. The secondary battery according to claim 1, further comprising a second electrolyte held in the negative electrode and containing lithium ions. 8. The secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein the second electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and a lithium salt dissolved in the organic solvent. 9. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the separator having the lithium ion conductivity comprises a first separator having a principal surface facing the positive electrode and a second separator having a principal surface facing the negative electrode. 10. The secondary battery according to claim 9, wherein the first separator is a layer comprising a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte, and the second separator comprises a porous layer. 11. A battery pack comprising the secondary battery according to claim 1. 12. The battery pack according to claim 11, further comprising an external power distribution terminal and a protective circuit. 13. The battery pack according to claim 11, further comprising a plurality of the secondary battery, the secondary batteries being electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of in-series connection and in-parallel connection. 14. A vehicle comprising the battery pack according to claim 11. 15. A stationary power supply comprising the battery pack according to claim 11. | 2,600 |
339,086 | 16,799,957 | 3,736 | A secure packaging for bottle-type containers having a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap for sealing the opening. The packaging may include a flexible casing having an interior cavity for receiving the bottle body, and a first aperture configured to admit the bottle body into the cavity. A second aperture is configured to receive the neck of the bottle, such that the bottle opening protrudes from the casing when the bottle body is received in the cavity. A first tether may be configured to facilitate releasably securing the casing to an object. A second tether is operatively coupled between the casing and the aperture on the bottle cap. The second tether is configured to secure the cap with the casing and to be frangibly removed from the casing prior to use of the bottle to dispense contents of the bottle. | 1. A secure packaging for bottle-type containers wherein the bottle includes a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap having an aperture adapted for receiving a tether, the packaging comprising:
a flexible casing, the casing having an interior cavity configured to receive the bottle body, a first aperture configured to admit the bottle body into the cavity, and a second aperture configured to receive the neck of the bottle therethrough such that the opening of the bottle protrudes from the cavity when the bottle body is received in the cavity; a first tether coupled with the casing and configured to facilitate securing the casing to an object; and a second tether operatively coupled between the casing and the aperture on the bottle cap, the second tether configured to secure the cap with the casing and to be frangibly removed from the casing prior to use of the bottle to dispense contents of the bottle. 2. The packaging of claim 1, wherein the first tether is selectively adjustable between a closed condition that secures the casing to an object, and an open condition for releasing the casing from the object. 3. The packaging of claim 1, further comprising a bottle disposed in the cavity, the bottle including a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap having an aperture adapted for receiving the second tether. 4. The packaging of claim 3, wherein the bottle cap includes a tab extending outwardly from the cap, and the aperture for receiving the second tether is located on the tab. 5. The packaging of claim 1, wherein the casing comprises elastomeric material. 6. A method for securing a bottle-type container, the method comprising:
obtaining a packaging comprising:
a bottle including a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap received over the neck,
a flexible casing at least partially surrounding the bottle body, the casing having an interior cavity configured to receive the bottle body, a first aperture configured to admit the bottle body into the cavity, and a second aperture configured to receive a neck of the bottle therethrough such that an opening of the bottle protrudes from the cavity when the bottle body is received in the cavity, and
a first tether coupled with the casing and configured to facilitate securing the casing to an object; and
coupling the cap of the bottle to the casing with a second tether, the second tether configured to be frangibly removed from the casing prior to use of the bottle to dispense contents of the bottle. 7. The method of claim 7, wherein coupling the cap of the bottle to the casing comprises passing the second tether through an aperture in the cap. | A secure packaging for bottle-type containers having a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap for sealing the opening. The packaging may include a flexible casing having an interior cavity for receiving the bottle body, and a first aperture configured to admit the bottle body into the cavity. A second aperture is configured to receive the neck of the bottle, such that the bottle opening protrudes from the casing when the bottle body is received in the cavity. A first tether may be configured to facilitate releasably securing the casing to an object. A second tether is operatively coupled between the casing and the aperture on the bottle cap. The second tether is configured to secure the cap with the casing and to be frangibly removed from the casing prior to use of the bottle to dispense contents of the bottle.1. A secure packaging for bottle-type containers wherein the bottle includes a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap having an aperture adapted for receiving a tether, the packaging comprising:
a flexible casing, the casing having an interior cavity configured to receive the bottle body, a first aperture configured to admit the bottle body into the cavity, and a second aperture configured to receive the neck of the bottle therethrough such that the opening of the bottle protrudes from the cavity when the bottle body is received in the cavity; a first tether coupled with the casing and configured to facilitate securing the casing to an object; and a second tether operatively coupled between the casing and the aperture on the bottle cap, the second tether configured to secure the cap with the casing and to be frangibly removed from the casing prior to use of the bottle to dispense contents of the bottle. 2. The packaging of claim 1, wherein the first tether is selectively adjustable between a closed condition that secures the casing to an object, and an open condition for releasing the casing from the object. 3. The packaging of claim 1, further comprising a bottle disposed in the cavity, the bottle including a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap having an aperture adapted for receiving the second tether. 4. The packaging of claim 3, wherein the bottle cap includes a tab extending outwardly from the cap, and the aperture for receiving the second tether is located on the tab. 5. The packaging of claim 1, wherein the casing comprises elastomeric material. 6. A method for securing a bottle-type container, the method comprising:
obtaining a packaging comprising:
a bottle including a body, a neck terminating in an opening into an interior of the bottle, and a cap received over the neck,
a flexible casing at least partially surrounding the bottle body, the casing having an interior cavity configured to receive the bottle body, a first aperture configured to admit the bottle body into the cavity, and a second aperture configured to receive a neck of the bottle therethrough such that an opening of the bottle protrudes from the cavity when the bottle body is received in the cavity, and
a first tether coupled with the casing and configured to facilitate securing the casing to an object; and
coupling the cap of the bottle to the casing with a second tether, the second tether configured to be frangibly removed from the casing prior to use of the bottle to dispense contents of the bottle. 7. The method of claim 7, wherein coupling the cap of the bottle to the casing comprises passing the second tether through an aperture in the cap. | 3,700 |
339,087 | 16,799,952 | 3,736 | A circuit arrangement for deactivating an occupant protection device is indicated, comprising a first switch having a first ohmic resistor connected in series with the first switch. The first ohmic resistor together with the first switch and a second ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form a first parallel connection. The circuit arrangement includes a second switch having a third ohmic resistor connected in series with the second switch. The third ohmic resistor together with the second switch and a fourth ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form a second parallel connection, the first parallel connection and the second parallel connection are connected in series with one another. A resistance value of the first ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the third ohmic resistor, and a resistance value of the second ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor. | 1. A circuit arrangement for deactivating an occupant protection device, the circuit arrangement comprising:
a first parallel connection comprising:
a first switch;
a first ohmic resistor connected in series with the first switch; and
a second ohmic resistor, wherein the first ohmic resistor together with the first switch and the second ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form the first parallel connection; and
a second parallel connection comprising:
a second switch;
a third ohmic resistor connected in series with the second switch; and
a fourth ohmic resistor, wherein the third ohmic resistor together with the second switch and the fourth ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form the second parallel connection,
wherein the first parallel connection and the second parallel connection are connected in series with one another, wherein the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the third ohmic resistor, wherein the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor, and wherein the resistance value of the fourth ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor. 2. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the resistance value of the third ohmic resistor is substantially 0 Ω. 3. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor is 100 Ω, wherein the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor is 1000 Ω, and wherein the resistance value of the fourth ohmic resistor is 1500 Ω. 4. An occupant protection system comprising:
a control circuit; and a circuit arrangement for deactivating the occupant protection system, the circuit arrangement comprising:
at least one switch;
a first ohmic resistor connected in series with the first switch; and
a second ohmic resistor, the first ohmic resistor together with the first switch and the second ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form a first parallel connection,
wherein the control circuit detects a total resistance value of the circuit arrangement or a variable dependent thereon and compares this with at least one threshold, and wherein a first threshold is provided, wherein the occupant protection system is activated in the event of the first threshold being fallen short of, and wherein the occupant protection system is deactivated in the event of the first threshold being exceeded. 5. The occupant protection system according to claim 4, wherein the at least one switch is connectable to an input of the control circuit, and the control circuit detects the total resistance value or a variable dependent thereon of the respectively arranged circuit arrangement, wherein the identical first threshold is used irrespective of the connected circuit arrangement. 6. The occupant protection system according to claim 5, wherein the first threshold is derived from the value of the total resistance of the first and second ohmic resistor and the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor. 7. The occupant protection system according to claim 6, wherein the first threshold is between the value of the total resistance of the first and second ohmic resistors and the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor, is approximately centrally between the value of the total resistance of the first and second ohmic resistor and the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor. 8. The occupant protection system according to claim 4, wherein the first threshold lies in a resistance range of 421 Ω to 651 Ω. 9. The occupant protection system according to any one of claims 4, wherein a second threshold is provided, wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold, the second threshold lies in a resistance range of 35 Ω to 60 Ω, wherein the occupant protection system is activated in the event of the second threshold being exceeded and the first threshold simultaneously being fallen short of, and wherein the occupant protection system is deactivated in the event of the second threshold being fallen short of. 10. The occupant protection system according to claim 4, wherein the at least one switch interacts with a first sensor in order to detect a position of a rear seat backrest, and wherein the at least one switch deactivates the occupant protection system, as a function of the position of the rear seat backrest. 11. The occupant protection system according to claim 10, wherein the occupant protection system is a side airbag. 12. The occupant protection system according to claim 10, wherein the function of the position of the rear seat backrest includes a function of a condition of a latching apparatus for locking the rear seat backrest. | A circuit arrangement for deactivating an occupant protection device is indicated, comprising a first switch having a first ohmic resistor connected in series with the first switch. The first ohmic resistor together with the first switch and a second ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form a first parallel connection. The circuit arrangement includes a second switch having a third ohmic resistor connected in series with the second switch. The third ohmic resistor together with the second switch and a fourth ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form a second parallel connection, the first parallel connection and the second parallel connection are connected in series with one another. A resistance value of the first ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the third ohmic resistor, and a resistance value of the second ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor.1. A circuit arrangement for deactivating an occupant protection device, the circuit arrangement comprising:
a first parallel connection comprising:
a first switch;
a first ohmic resistor connected in series with the first switch; and
a second ohmic resistor, wherein the first ohmic resistor together with the first switch and the second ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form the first parallel connection; and
a second parallel connection comprising:
a second switch;
a third ohmic resistor connected in series with the second switch; and
a fourth ohmic resistor, wherein the third ohmic resistor together with the second switch and the fourth ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form the second parallel connection,
wherein the first parallel connection and the second parallel connection are connected in series with one another, wherein the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the third ohmic resistor, wherein the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor, and wherein the resistance value of the fourth ohmic resistor is greater than the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor. 2. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the resistance value of the third ohmic resistor is substantially 0 Ω. 3. The circuit arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the resistance value of the first ohmic resistor is 100 Ω, wherein the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor is 1000 Ω, and wherein the resistance value of the fourth ohmic resistor is 1500 Ω. 4. An occupant protection system comprising:
a control circuit; and a circuit arrangement for deactivating the occupant protection system, the circuit arrangement comprising:
at least one switch;
a first ohmic resistor connected in series with the first switch; and
a second ohmic resistor, the first ohmic resistor together with the first switch and the second ohmic resistor lying parallel to both form a first parallel connection,
wherein the control circuit detects a total resistance value of the circuit arrangement or a variable dependent thereon and compares this with at least one threshold, and wherein a first threshold is provided, wherein the occupant protection system is activated in the event of the first threshold being fallen short of, and wherein the occupant protection system is deactivated in the event of the first threshold being exceeded. 5. The occupant protection system according to claim 4, wherein the at least one switch is connectable to an input of the control circuit, and the control circuit detects the total resistance value or a variable dependent thereon of the respectively arranged circuit arrangement, wherein the identical first threshold is used irrespective of the connected circuit arrangement. 6. The occupant protection system according to claim 5, wherein the first threshold is derived from the value of the total resistance of the first and second ohmic resistor and the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor. 7. The occupant protection system according to claim 6, wherein the first threshold is between the value of the total resistance of the first and second ohmic resistors and the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor, is approximately centrally between the value of the total resistance of the first and second ohmic resistor and the resistance value of the second ohmic resistor. 8. The occupant protection system according to claim 4, wherein the first threshold lies in a resistance range of 421 Ω to 651 Ω. 9. The occupant protection system according to any one of claims 4, wherein a second threshold is provided, wherein the second threshold is less than the first threshold, the second threshold lies in a resistance range of 35 Ω to 60 Ω, wherein the occupant protection system is activated in the event of the second threshold being exceeded and the first threshold simultaneously being fallen short of, and wherein the occupant protection system is deactivated in the event of the second threshold being fallen short of. 10. The occupant protection system according to claim 4, wherein the at least one switch interacts with a first sensor in order to detect a position of a rear seat backrest, and wherein the at least one switch deactivates the occupant protection system, as a function of the position of the rear seat backrest. 11. The occupant protection system according to claim 10, wherein the occupant protection system is a side airbag. 12. The occupant protection system according to claim 10, wherein the function of the position of the rear seat backrest includes a function of a condition of a latching apparatus for locking the rear seat backrest. | 3,700 |
339,088 | 16,799,947 | 3,736 | A vertical memory device includes gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction. A channel extends in the vertical direction and is positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes. A tunnel insulation pattern is disposed on a portion of an outer sidewall of the channel that is adjacent to each of the gate electrodes. Charge trapping pattern structures are disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes. Each of the charge trapping pattern structures includes upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. Blocking pattern structures are between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes. A first portion of the channel that is adjacent to the tunnel insulation pattern has a thickness in a horizontal direction that is smaller than a thickness of other portions of the channel. | 1. A vertical memory device, comprising:
gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate; a channel extending in the vertical direction and positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes; a tunnel insulation pattern disposed on a portion of an outer sidewall of the channel, the portion of the outer sidewall of the channel being adjacent to each of the gate electrodes; charge trapping pattern structures disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes, each of the charge trapping pattern structures including upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and blocking pattern structures disposed between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes, wherein a first portion of the channel that is adjacent to the tunnel insulation pattern has a thickness in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate that is smaller than a thickness of other portions of the channel. 2. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein the tunnel insulation pattern includes a protrusion portion that protrudes in the horizontal direction towards an adjacent gate electrode farther than any other portion of the tunnel insulation pattern. 3. The vertical memory device of claim 2, wherein:
the protrusion portion of the tunnel insulation pattern is formed on a central portion of the tunnel insulation pattern in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower charge trapping patterns are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction by the protrusion portion. 4. The vertical memory device of claim 2, wherein:
each of the blocking pattern structures includes upper and lower first blocking patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and the upper and lower first blocking patterns are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction by the protrusion portion. 5. The vertical memory device of claim 4, wherein an outer sidewall of each of the upper and lower first blocking patterns has a concave shape along the horizontal direction. 6. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein:
the tunnel insulation pattern includes first to third portions sequentially stacked from the outer sidewall of the channel along the horizontal direction, the first portion has a first width in the vertical direction, the second portion has a second width in the vertical direction and the third portion has a third width in the vertical direction; and the first width is greater than the second width, and the second width is greater than the third width. 7. The vertical memory device of claim 6, wherein:
an inner sidewall of the first portion of the tunnel insulation pattern contacts the channel and extends in the vertical direction; and the third portion of the tunnel insulation pattern protrudes from the second portion in the horizontal direction towards an adjacent gate electrode. 8. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein an outer sidewall of each of the upper and lower charge trapping patterns has a concave shape along the horizontal direction. 9. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein the tunnel insulation pattern includes a plurality of tunnel insulation patterns that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. 10. The vertical memory device of claim 9, wherein:
an uppermost surface of the tunnel insulation pattern is higher than an uppermost surface of the charge trapping pattern structure and an uppermost surface of the blocking pattern structure corresponding thereto; and a lowermost surface of the tunnel insulation pattern is lower than a lowermost surface of the charge trapping pattern structure and a blocking pattern structure corresponding thereto. 11. The vertical memory device of claim 1, further comprising:
a second blocking pattern covering upper and lower surfaces, and one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes, the one sidewall of the gate electrodes is adjacent to the channel, wherein the second blocking pattern directly contacts the tunnel insulation pattern and the blocking pattern structure. 12. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes that is adjacent to the channel is concave along the horizontal direction. 13. A vertical memory device, comprising:
gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate; a channel extending in the vertical direction, and positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes, the channel including a protrusion portion that protrudes in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate toward each of the gate electrodes; a tunnel insulation pattern disposed on a portion of an outer sidewall of the channel adjacent to each of the gate electrodes and the protrusion portion of the channel in the horizontal direction; charge trapping pattern structures disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes, each of the charge trapping pattern structures including upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and blocking pattern structures disposed between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes, wherein a sidewall of each of the gate electrodes adjacent to the channel is concave along the horizontal direction. 14. The vertical memory device of claim 13, further comprising:
a second blocking pattern covering upper and lower surfaces, and one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes, the one sidewall of the gate electrodes is adjacent to the channel, wherein the second blocking pattern directly contacts the tunnel insulation pattern and the blocking pattern structure. 15. The vertical memory device of claim 14, wherein:
the blocking pattern structure includes upper and lower first blocking patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and the upper and lower first blocking patterns are surrounded by the tunnel insulation pattern, the charge trapping pattern and the second blocking pattern. 16. A vertical memory device, comprising:
gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate; a channel extending in the vertical direction and positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes, the channel having recesses formed on portions of an outer sidewall of the channel adjacent to each of the gate electrodes, the recesses spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; a tunnel insulation pattern filling each of the recesses, and protruding toward each of the gate electrodes in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate; charge trapping pattern structures disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes, each of the charge trapping pattern structures including upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and blocking pattern structures disposed between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes. 17. The vertical memory device of claim 16, wherein the tunnel insulation pattern includes:
a first portion filling each of the recesses of the channel; a second portion disposed on the first portion, the second portion having a second width in the horizontal direction that is smaller than a first width in the horizontal direction of the first portion; and a third portion disposed on the second portion, the third portion having a third width in the horizontal direction that is smaller than the first width. 18. The vertical memory device of claim 17, wherein the upper and lower charge trapping patterns are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction by the third portion of the tunnel insulation pattern. 19. The vertical memory device of claim 16, wherein:
the blocking pattern structure includes upper and lower first blocking patterns that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and the upper and lower first blocking patterns are spaced apart from each other by the tunnel insulation pattern. 20. The vertical memory device of claim 16, further comprising:
a second blocking pattern covering upper and lower surfaces, and one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes, the one sidewall of the gate electrodes being adjacent to the channel, wherein the second blocking pattern directly contacts the tunnel insulation pattern and the blocking pattern structure. 21. (canceled) | A vertical memory device includes gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction. A channel extends in the vertical direction and is positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes. A tunnel insulation pattern is disposed on a portion of an outer sidewall of the channel that is adjacent to each of the gate electrodes. Charge trapping pattern structures are disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes. Each of the charge trapping pattern structures includes upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. Blocking pattern structures are between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes. A first portion of the channel that is adjacent to the tunnel insulation pattern has a thickness in a horizontal direction that is smaller than a thickness of other portions of the channel.1. A vertical memory device, comprising:
gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate; a channel extending in the vertical direction and positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes; a tunnel insulation pattern disposed on a portion of an outer sidewall of the channel, the portion of the outer sidewall of the channel being adjacent to each of the gate electrodes; charge trapping pattern structures disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes, each of the charge trapping pattern structures including upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and blocking pattern structures disposed between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes, wherein a first portion of the channel that is adjacent to the tunnel insulation pattern has a thickness in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate that is smaller than a thickness of other portions of the channel. 2. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein the tunnel insulation pattern includes a protrusion portion that protrudes in the horizontal direction towards an adjacent gate electrode farther than any other portion of the tunnel insulation pattern. 3. The vertical memory device of claim 2, wherein:
the protrusion portion of the tunnel insulation pattern is formed on a central portion of the tunnel insulation pattern in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower charge trapping patterns are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction by the protrusion portion. 4. The vertical memory device of claim 2, wherein:
each of the blocking pattern structures includes upper and lower first blocking patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and the upper and lower first blocking patterns are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction by the protrusion portion. 5. The vertical memory device of claim 4, wherein an outer sidewall of each of the upper and lower first blocking patterns has a concave shape along the horizontal direction. 6. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein:
the tunnel insulation pattern includes first to third portions sequentially stacked from the outer sidewall of the channel along the horizontal direction, the first portion has a first width in the vertical direction, the second portion has a second width in the vertical direction and the third portion has a third width in the vertical direction; and the first width is greater than the second width, and the second width is greater than the third width. 7. The vertical memory device of claim 6, wherein:
an inner sidewall of the first portion of the tunnel insulation pattern contacts the channel and extends in the vertical direction; and the third portion of the tunnel insulation pattern protrudes from the second portion in the horizontal direction towards an adjacent gate electrode. 8. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein an outer sidewall of each of the upper and lower charge trapping patterns has a concave shape along the horizontal direction. 9. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein the tunnel insulation pattern includes a plurality of tunnel insulation patterns that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. 10. The vertical memory device of claim 9, wherein:
an uppermost surface of the tunnel insulation pattern is higher than an uppermost surface of the charge trapping pattern structure and an uppermost surface of the blocking pattern structure corresponding thereto; and a lowermost surface of the tunnel insulation pattern is lower than a lowermost surface of the charge trapping pattern structure and a blocking pattern structure corresponding thereto. 11. The vertical memory device of claim 1, further comprising:
a second blocking pattern covering upper and lower surfaces, and one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes, the one sidewall of the gate electrodes is adjacent to the channel, wherein the second blocking pattern directly contacts the tunnel insulation pattern and the blocking pattern structure. 12. The vertical memory device of claim 1, wherein one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes that is adjacent to the channel is concave along the horizontal direction. 13. A vertical memory device, comprising:
gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate; a channel extending in the vertical direction, and positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes, the channel including a protrusion portion that protrudes in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate toward each of the gate electrodes; a tunnel insulation pattern disposed on a portion of an outer sidewall of the channel adjacent to each of the gate electrodes and the protrusion portion of the channel in the horizontal direction; charge trapping pattern structures disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes, each of the charge trapping pattern structures including upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and blocking pattern structures disposed between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes, wherein a sidewall of each of the gate electrodes adjacent to the channel is concave along the horizontal direction. 14. The vertical memory device of claim 13, further comprising:
a second blocking pattern covering upper and lower surfaces, and one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes, the one sidewall of the gate electrodes is adjacent to the channel, wherein the second blocking pattern directly contacts the tunnel insulation pattern and the blocking pattern structure. 15. The vertical memory device of claim 14, wherein:
the blocking pattern structure includes upper and lower first blocking patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and the upper and lower first blocking patterns are surrounded by the tunnel insulation pattern, the charge trapping pattern and the second blocking pattern. 16. A vertical memory device, comprising:
gate electrodes disposed on a substrate and spaced apart from each other in a vertical direction substantially perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate; a channel extending in the vertical direction and positioned adjacent to the gate electrodes, the channel having recesses formed on portions of an outer sidewall of the channel adjacent to each of the gate electrodes, the recesses spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; a tunnel insulation pattern filling each of the recesses, and protruding toward each of the gate electrodes in a horizontal direction substantially parallel to the upper surface of the substrate; charge trapping pattern structures disposed between the tunnel insulation pattern and each of the gate electrodes, each of the charge trapping pattern structures including upper and lower charge trapping patterns spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and blocking pattern structures disposed between the charge trapping patterns and each of the gate electrodes. 17. The vertical memory device of claim 16, wherein the tunnel insulation pattern includes:
a first portion filling each of the recesses of the channel; a second portion disposed on the first portion, the second portion having a second width in the horizontal direction that is smaller than a first width in the horizontal direction of the first portion; and a third portion disposed on the second portion, the third portion having a third width in the horizontal direction that is smaller than the first width. 18. The vertical memory device of claim 17, wherein the upper and lower charge trapping patterns are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction by the third portion of the tunnel insulation pattern. 19. The vertical memory device of claim 16, wherein:
the blocking pattern structure includes upper and lower first blocking patterns that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; and the upper and lower first blocking patterns are spaced apart from each other by the tunnel insulation pattern. 20. The vertical memory device of claim 16, further comprising:
a second blocking pattern covering upper and lower surfaces, and one sidewall of each of the gate electrodes, the one sidewall of the gate electrodes being adjacent to the channel, wherein the second blocking pattern directly contacts the tunnel insulation pattern and the blocking pattern structure. 21. (canceled) | 3,700 |
339,089 | 16,799,958 | 3,736 | An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter including a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits is provided. The apparatus includes a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal. Further, the apparatus includes a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal. The reference signal is a square wave signal. The apparatus additionally includes a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization. | 1. An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprising a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, the apparatus comprising:
a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal; a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal, wherein the reference signal is a square wave signal; and a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coupling circuit is configured to controllably couple the input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to the signal node based on a control signal indicative of a desired operation mode of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an oscillator configured to generate an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an input node configured to receive an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value and the second divider value have no common divider. 6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value is N+1 or N−1, and wherein the second divider value is N. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a phase-locked loop configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a resolution of the digital-to-analog converter is one bit. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a delay circuit coupled between the clock generation circuit and the reference signal generation circuit, wherein the delay circuit is configured to selectively delay the reference clock signal for timely aligning signal edges of the reference signal to signal edges of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is lower than a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is greater than a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a processing circuit configured to:
compare a digital output value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits to a threshold value for obtaining a comparison result, wherein the digital output value is generated by the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits by sampling the reference signal based on the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals; and generate, based on the comparison result, a control signal for adjusting a delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the threshold value is half of the full scale value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the threshold value is smaller than the digital output value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is increased. 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the digital output value is smaller than the threshold value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is decreased. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference clock signal and the plurality of phase shifted clock signals are square wave signals. 18. A receiver, comprising:
a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter; and an apparatus for calibrating the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter according to claim 1. 19. The receiver of claim 18, further comprising analog circuitry configured to receive a radio frequency receive signal from an antenna element, and to supply the analog signal for digitization to the signal node based on the radio frequency receive signal. 20. A base station, comprising:
a receiver according to claim 18; and a transmitter configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal. | An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter including a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits is provided. The apparatus includes a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal. Further, the apparatus includes a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal. The reference signal is a square wave signal. The apparatus additionally includes a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization.1. An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprising a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, the apparatus comprising:
a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal; a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal, wherein the reference signal is a square wave signal; and a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coupling circuit is configured to controllably couple the input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to the signal node based on a control signal indicative of a desired operation mode of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an oscillator configured to generate an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an input node configured to receive an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value and the second divider value have no common divider. 6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value is N+1 or N−1, and wherein the second divider value is N. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a phase-locked loop configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a resolution of the digital-to-analog converter is one bit. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a delay circuit coupled between the clock generation circuit and the reference signal generation circuit, wherein the delay circuit is configured to selectively delay the reference clock signal for timely aligning signal edges of the reference signal to signal edges of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is lower than a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is greater than a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a processing circuit configured to:
compare a digital output value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits to a threshold value for obtaining a comparison result, wherein the digital output value is generated by the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits by sampling the reference signal based on the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals; and generate, based on the comparison result, a control signal for adjusting a delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the threshold value is half of the full scale value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the threshold value is smaller than the digital output value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is increased. 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the digital output value is smaller than the threshold value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is decreased. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference clock signal and the plurality of phase shifted clock signals are square wave signals. 18. A receiver, comprising:
a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter; and an apparatus for calibrating the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter according to claim 1. 19. The receiver of claim 18, further comprising analog circuitry configured to receive a radio frequency receive signal from an antenna element, and to supply the analog signal for digitization to the signal node based on the radio frequency receive signal. 20. A base station, comprising:
a receiver according to claim 18; and a transmitter configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal. | 3,700 |
339,090 | 16,799,941 | 3,637 | An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter including a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits is provided. The apparatus includes a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal. Further, the apparatus includes a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal. The reference signal is a square wave signal. The apparatus additionally includes a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization. | 1. An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprising a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, the apparatus comprising:
a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal; a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal, wherein the reference signal is a square wave signal; and a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coupling circuit is configured to controllably couple the input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to the signal node based on a control signal indicative of a desired operation mode of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an oscillator configured to generate an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an input node configured to receive an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value and the second divider value have no common divider. 6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value is N+1 or N−1, and wherein the second divider value is N. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a phase-locked loop configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a resolution of the digital-to-analog converter is one bit. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a delay circuit coupled between the clock generation circuit and the reference signal generation circuit, wherein the delay circuit is configured to selectively delay the reference clock signal for timely aligning signal edges of the reference signal to signal edges of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is lower than a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is greater than a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a processing circuit configured to:
compare a digital output value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits to a threshold value for obtaining a comparison result, wherein the digital output value is generated by the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits by sampling the reference signal based on the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals; and generate, based on the comparison result, a control signal for adjusting a delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the threshold value is half of the full scale value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the threshold value is smaller than the digital output value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is increased. 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the digital output value is smaller than the threshold value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is decreased. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference clock signal and the plurality of phase shifted clock signals are square wave signals. 18. A receiver, comprising:
a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter; and an apparatus for calibrating the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter according to claim 1. 19. The receiver of claim 18, further comprising analog circuitry configured to receive a radio frequency receive signal from an antenna element, and to supply the analog signal for digitization to the signal node based on the radio frequency receive signal. 20. A base station, comprising:
a receiver according to claim 18; and a transmitter configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal. | An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter including a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits is provided. The apparatus includes a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal. Further, the apparatus includes a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal. The reference signal is a square wave signal. The apparatus additionally includes a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization.1. An apparatus for calibrating a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprising a plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, the apparatus comprising:
a clock generation circuit configured to generate a plurality of phase shifted clock signals for the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits and a reference clock signal; a reference signal generation circuit configured to generate a reference signal based on the reference clock signal, wherein the reference signal is a square wave signal; and a coupling circuit configured to controllably couple an input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to a signal node capable of providing an analog signal for digitization. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coupling circuit is configured to controllably couple the input node of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter to either the reference signal generation circuit or to the signal node based on a control signal indicative of a desired operation mode of the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an oscillator configured to generate an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clock generation circuit comprises:
an input node configured to receive an oscillation signal; a first frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a first divider value for generating the reference clock signal; and a second frequency divider circuit configured to frequency divide the oscillation signal by a second divider value for generating the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value and the second divider value have no common divider. 6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first divider value is N+1 or N−1, and wherein the second divider value is N. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a phase-locked loop configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference signal generation circuit is a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive the reference clock signal as input. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a resolution of the digital-to-analog converter is one bit. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a delay circuit coupled between the clock generation circuit and the reference signal generation circuit, wherein the delay circuit is configured to selectively delay the reference clock signal for timely aligning signal edges of the reference signal to signal edges of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is lower than a time resolution of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the reference clock signal is greater than a maximum applicable time delay of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter comprises a delay circuit for delaying one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals prior to supplying it to one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a processing circuit configured to:
compare a digital output value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits to a threshold value for obtaining a comparison result, wherein the digital output value is generated by the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits by sampling the reference signal based on the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals; and generate, based on the comparison result, a control signal for adjusting a delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals. 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the threshold value is half of the full scale value of the one of the plurality of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter circuits. 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the threshold value is smaller than the digital output value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is increased. 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein, if the digital output value is smaller than the threshold value, the processing circuit is configured to generate the control signal such that the delay time of the delay circuit for delaying the one of the plurality of phase shifted clock signals is decreased. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reference clock signal and the plurality of phase shifted clock signals are square wave signals. 18. A receiver, comprising:
a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter; and an apparatus for calibrating the time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter according to claim 1. 19. The receiver of claim 18, further comprising analog circuitry configured to receive a radio frequency receive signal from an antenna element, and to supply the analog signal for digitization to the signal node based on the radio frequency receive signal. 20. A base station, comprising:
a receiver according to claim 18; and a transmitter configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal. | 3,600 |
339,091 | 16,799,918 | 3,637 | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, a first conductive member, a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and an insulating member. The third electrode is between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first conductive member is electrically connected to the first electrode. The first conductive member is between the third electrode and the second electrode. The first semiconductor layer includes Alx1Ga1−x1N and includes first, second, third, fourth, and fifth partial regions. The second semiconductor layer includes Alx2Ga1−x2N and includes a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region. The insulating member includes first, second, third, fourth, and fifth insulating regions. The first insulating region is between the third partial region and the third electrode. The second insulating region is between the fifth partial region and the first conductive member. | 1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode, a position of the first conductive member in the first direction being between the position of the third electrode in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1−x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction being from the first partial region toward the first electrode and crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1−x2N (0<x2<1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; and an insulating member including a first insulating region, a second insulating region, a third insulating region, a fourth insulating region, and a fifth insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the fifth partial region and the first conductive member in the second direction, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, a direction from the first portion toward the second portion being aligned with a third direction crossing a plane including the first direction and the second direction, the first portion being between the first insulating region and the third portion in the second direction, the first electrode including a first conductive region, a second conductive region, a third conductive region, and a fourth conductive region, a direction from the first conductive region toward the first portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the third conductive region toward the third portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the second conductive region toward the second portion being aligned with the first direction, the first conductive region being between the first partial region and the third conductive region in the second direction, the second conductive region being between the first partial region and the fourth conductive region in the second direction, the third insulating region being between the third conductive region and the third portion in the first direction, the fourth insulating region being between the third portion and the first conductive member in the first direction, the fifth insulating region contacting the fourth conductive region and the first conductive member and being between the fourth conductive region and the first conductive member in the first direction. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the insulating member further includes a sixth insulating region, the sixth insulating region is between the first partial region and a portion of the third conductive region in the second direction, and the sixth insulating region is between the first conductive region and the first portion in the first direction. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein
the insulating member further includes a seventh insulating region, the seventh insulating region is between the first partial region and a portion of the fourth conductive region in the second direction, and the seventh insulating region is between the second conductive region and the second portion in the first direction. 4. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode, a position of the first conductive member in the first direction being between the position of the third electrode in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1−x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction being from the first partial region toward the first electrode and crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1−x2N (0<x2<1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; and an insulating member including a first insulating region, a second insulating region, a third insulating region, a fourth insulating region, and a fifth insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the fifth partial region and the first conductive member in the second direction, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, a direction from the first portion toward the second portion being aligned with a third direction crossing a plane including the first direction and the second direction, the first portion being between the first insulating region and the third portion in the second direction, the first electrode including a first conductive region, a second conductive region, and a third conductive region, a direction from the first conductive region toward the first portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the second conductive region toward the second portion being aligned with the first direction, the second conductive region being between the first partial region and the third conductive region in the second direction, the third portion being between the third insulating region and the first conductive member in the first direction, the fourth insulating region being between the third portion and the first conductive member in the first direction, the fifth insulating region contacting the third conductive region and the first conductive member and being between the third conductive region and the first conductive member in the first direction. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein
a plurality of the third portions is provided, and the fifth insulating region is between one of the plurality of third portions and an other one of the plurality of third portions in the third direction. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein
a plurality of the fifth insulating regions is provided, and the third portion is between one of the plurality of fifth insulating regions and an other one of the plurality of fifth insulating regions in the third direction. 7. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a second conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode,
the third electrode being between the first insulating region and the second conductive member in the second direction, a portion of the insulating member being between the third electrode and the second conductive member in the second direction. 8. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a second conductive member and a third conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode,
the first electrode being between the first partial region and the second conductive member in the second direction, the first conductive member being between the second insulating region and the third conductive member in the second direction, the position of the third electrode in the first direction being between a position of the second conductive member in the first direction and a position of the third conductive member in the first direction. 9. The device according to claim 8, further comprising a fourth conductive member electrically connected to the third electrode,
the fourth conductive member being between the second conductive member and the third conductive member in the first direction. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein
the third portion is between the first portion and a portion of the fourth conductive member in the second direction, and the fifth insulating region is between the second portion and an other portion of the fourth conductive member in the second direction. 11. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a fifth conductive member electrically connected to the third electrode,
the third portion being between the first portion and a portion of the fifth conductive member in the second direction, the fifth insulating region being between the second portion and an other portion of the fifth conductive member in the second direction. 12. The device according to claim 1, wherein a distance in the first direction between the third conductive region and the first conductive member is longer than a distance in the first direction between the fourth conductive region and the first conductive member. 13. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the third electrode further includes a fifth portion, the first electrode further includes a fifth conductive region and a sixth conductive region, the second portion is between the first portion and the fifth portion in the third direction, the second conductive region is between the first conductive region and the fifth conductive region in the third direction, a direction from the fifth conductive region toward the fifth portion is aligned with the first direction, the fifth conductive region is between the first partial region and a portion of the sixth conductive region in the second direction, and at least a portion of the fifth portion is between the first insulating region and an other portion of the sixth conductive region in the second direction. 14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the sixth conductive region is connected to the first conductive member. 15. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1−x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction being from the first partial region toward the first electrode and crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1−x2N (0<x2<1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; and an insulating member including a first insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, and a fourth portion, a direction from the first portion toward the second portion being aligned with a third direction crossing a plane including the first direction and the second direction, the first portion being between the first insulating region and the third portion in the second direction, the second portion being between the first insulating region and the fourth portion in the second direction, the first electrode including a first conductive region, a second conductive region, a third conductive region, and a fourth conductive region, a direction from the first conductive region toward the first portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the second conductive region toward the second portion being aligned with the first direction, the first conductive region being between the first partial region and the third conductive region in the second direction, the second conductive region being between the first partial region and the fourth conductive region in the second direction, a direction from the third conductive region toward the third portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the fourth conductive region toward the fourth portion being aligned with the first direction, the third conductive region including a first end portion at the third portion side, the fourth conductive region including a second end portion at the fourth portion side, the third portion including a third end portion at the third conductive region side, the fourth portion including a fourth end portion at the fourth conductive region side, a position along the first direction of the second end portion being between a position along the first direction of the first end portion and a position along the first direction of the third end portion, the position along the first direction of the third end portion being between the position along the first direction of the second end portion and a position along the first direction of the fourth end portion. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein a distance along the first direction between the fourth conductive region and the fourth portion is longer than a distance along the first direction between the second conductive region and the second portion. 17. The device according to claim 15, wherein a distance along the first direction between the third conductive region and the third portion is longer than a distance along the first direction between the second conductive region and the second portion. 18. The device according to claim 15, wherein a distance along the first direction between the first conductive region and the first portion is longer than a distance along the first direction between the second conductive region and the second portion. 19. The device according to claim 15, further comprising a first conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode,
the third portion being between the third conductive region and a portion of the first conductive member in the first direction, the fourth portion being between the fourth conductive region and an other portion of the first conductive member in the first direction. 20. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the second semiconductor layer further includes a third semiconductor region, and the third semiconductor region is between the third partial region and the first insulating region in the second direction. | According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, a first conductive member, a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and an insulating member. The third electrode is between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first conductive member is electrically connected to the first electrode. The first conductive member is between the third electrode and the second electrode. The first semiconductor layer includes Alx1Ga1−x1N and includes first, second, third, fourth, and fifth partial regions. The second semiconductor layer includes Alx2Ga1−x2N and includes a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region. The insulating member includes first, second, third, fourth, and fifth insulating regions. The first insulating region is between the third partial region and the third electrode. The second insulating region is between the fifth partial region and the first conductive member.1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode, a position of the first conductive member in the first direction being between the position of the third electrode in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1−x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction being from the first partial region toward the first electrode and crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1−x2N (0<x2<1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; and an insulating member including a first insulating region, a second insulating region, a third insulating region, a fourth insulating region, and a fifth insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the fifth partial region and the first conductive member in the second direction, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, a direction from the first portion toward the second portion being aligned with a third direction crossing a plane including the first direction and the second direction, the first portion being between the first insulating region and the third portion in the second direction, the first electrode including a first conductive region, a second conductive region, a third conductive region, and a fourth conductive region, a direction from the first conductive region toward the first portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the third conductive region toward the third portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the second conductive region toward the second portion being aligned with the first direction, the first conductive region being between the first partial region and the third conductive region in the second direction, the second conductive region being between the first partial region and the fourth conductive region in the second direction, the third insulating region being between the third conductive region and the third portion in the first direction, the fourth insulating region being between the third portion and the first conductive member in the first direction, the fifth insulating region contacting the fourth conductive region and the first conductive member and being between the fourth conductive region and the first conductive member in the first direction. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the insulating member further includes a sixth insulating region, the sixth insulating region is between the first partial region and a portion of the third conductive region in the second direction, and the sixth insulating region is between the first conductive region and the first portion in the first direction. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein
the insulating member further includes a seventh insulating region, the seventh insulating region is between the first partial region and a portion of the fourth conductive region in the second direction, and the seventh insulating region is between the second conductive region and the second portion in the first direction. 4. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode, a position of the first conductive member in the first direction being between the position of the third electrode in the first direction and the position of the second electrode in the first direction; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1−x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction being from the first partial region toward the first electrode and crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1−x2N (0<x2<1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; and an insulating member including a first insulating region, a second insulating region, a third insulating region, a fourth insulating region, and a fifth insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction, the second insulating region being between the fifth partial region and the first conductive member in the second direction, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion, a direction from the first portion toward the second portion being aligned with a third direction crossing a plane including the first direction and the second direction, the first portion being between the first insulating region and the third portion in the second direction, the first electrode including a first conductive region, a second conductive region, and a third conductive region, a direction from the first conductive region toward the first portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the second conductive region toward the second portion being aligned with the first direction, the second conductive region being between the first partial region and the third conductive region in the second direction, the third portion being between the third insulating region and the first conductive member in the first direction, the fourth insulating region being between the third portion and the first conductive member in the first direction, the fifth insulating region contacting the third conductive region and the first conductive member and being between the third conductive region and the first conductive member in the first direction. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein
a plurality of the third portions is provided, and the fifth insulating region is between one of the plurality of third portions and an other one of the plurality of third portions in the third direction. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein
a plurality of the fifth insulating regions is provided, and the third portion is between one of the plurality of fifth insulating regions and an other one of the plurality of fifth insulating regions in the third direction. 7. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a second conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode,
the third electrode being between the first insulating region and the second conductive member in the second direction, a portion of the insulating member being between the third electrode and the second conductive member in the second direction. 8. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a second conductive member and a third conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode,
the first electrode being between the first partial region and the second conductive member in the second direction, the first conductive member being between the second insulating region and the third conductive member in the second direction, the position of the third electrode in the first direction being between a position of the second conductive member in the first direction and a position of the third conductive member in the first direction. 9. The device according to claim 8, further comprising a fourth conductive member electrically connected to the third electrode,
the fourth conductive member being between the second conductive member and the third conductive member in the first direction. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein
the third portion is between the first portion and a portion of the fourth conductive member in the second direction, and the fifth insulating region is between the second portion and an other portion of the fourth conductive member in the second direction. 11. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a fifth conductive member electrically connected to the third electrode,
the third portion being between the first portion and a portion of the fifth conductive member in the second direction, the fifth insulating region being between the second portion and an other portion of the fifth conductive member in the second direction. 12. The device according to claim 1, wherein a distance in the first direction between the third conductive region and the first conductive member is longer than a distance in the first direction between the fourth conductive region and the first conductive member. 13. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the third electrode further includes a fifth portion, the first electrode further includes a fifth conductive region and a sixth conductive region, the second portion is between the first portion and the fifth portion in the third direction, the second conductive region is between the first conductive region and the fifth conductive region in the third direction, a direction from the fifth conductive region toward the fifth portion is aligned with the first direction, the fifth conductive region is between the first partial region and a portion of the sixth conductive region in the second direction, and at least a portion of the fifth portion is between the first insulating region and an other portion of the sixth conductive region in the second direction. 14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the sixth conductive region is connected to the first conductive member. 15. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first electrode; a second electrode; a third electrode, a position of the third electrode in a first direction being between a position of the first electrode in the first direction and a position of the second electrode in the first direction, the first direction being from the first electrode toward the second electrode; a first semiconductor layer including Alx1Ga1−x1N (0≤x1<1) and including a first partial region, a second partial region, a third partial region, a fourth partial region, and a fifth partial region, a second direction being from the first partial region toward the first electrode and crossing the first direction, a direction from the second partial region toward the second electrode being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the third partial region toward the third electrode being aligned with the second direction, the fourth partial region being between the first partial region and the third partial region in the first direction, the fifth partial region being between the third partial region and the second partial region in the first direction; a second semiconductor layer including Alx2Ga1−x2N (0<x2<1 and x1<x2) and including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, a direction from the fourth partial region toward the first semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction, a direction from the fifth partial region toward the second semiconductor region being aligned with the second direction; and an insulating member including a first insulating region, the first insulating region being between the third partial region and the third electrode in the second direction, the third electrode including a first portion, a second portion, a third portion, and a fourth portion, a direction from the first portion toward the second portion being aligned with a third direction crossing a plane including the first direction and the second direction, the first portion being between the first insulating region and the third portion in the second direction, the second portion being between the first insulating region and the fourth portion in the second direction, the first electrode including a first conductive region, a second conductive region, a third conductive region, and a fourth conductive region, a direction from the first conductive region toward the first portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the second conductive region toward the second portion being aligned with the first direction, the first conductive region being between the first partial region and the third conductive region in the second direction, the second conductive region being between the first partial region and the fourth conductive region in the second direction, a direction from the third conductive region toward the third portion being aligned with the first direction, a direction from the fourth conductive region toward the fourth portion being aligned with the first direction, the third conductive region including a first end portion at the third portion side, the fourth conductive region including a second end portion at the fourth portion side, the third portion including a third end portion at the third conductive region side, the fourth portion including a fourth end portion at the fourth conductive region side, a position along the first direction of the second end portion being between a position along the first direction of the first end portion and a position along the first direction of the third end portion, the position along the first direction of the third end portion being between the position along the first direction of the second end portion and a position along the first direction of the fourth end portion. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein a distance along the first direction between the fourth conductive region and the fourth portion is longer than a distance along the first direction between the second conductive region and the second portion. 17. The device according to claim 15, wherein a distance along the first direction between the third conductive region and the third portion is longer than a distance along the first direction between the second conductive region and the second portion. 18. The device according to claim 15, wherein a distance along the first direction between the first conductive region and the first portion is longer than a distance along the first direction between the second conductive region and the second portion. 19. The device according to claim 15, further comprising a first conductive member electrically connected to the first electrode,
the third portion being between the third conductive region and a portion of the first conductive member in the first direction, the fourth portion being between the fourth conductive region and an other portion of the first conductive member in the first direction. 20. The device according to claim 1, wherein
the second semiconductor layer further includes a third semiconductor region, and the third semiconductor region is between the third partial region and the first insulating region in the second direction. | 3,600 |
339,092 | 16,799,954 | 3,795 | An insertion portion of an endoscope includes a multi-lumen tube including a treatment instrument insertion channel, a first wire insertion hole that is provided parallel to the treatment instrument insertion channel, and a second wire insertion hole; one towing wire including a first portion that is inserted into the first wire insertion hole, a second portion that is inserted into the second wire insertion hole, and a third portion that is drawn out between the first wire insertion hole and the second wire insertion hole, wherein a proximal end portion of the first portion and a proximal end portion of the second portion are connected to a bending operation member; and a third wire insertion hole into which the third portion is inserted and in which the third portion abuts on a part of an inner peripheral surface. | 1. An insertion portion of an endoscope comprising:
a multi-lumen tube including a treatment instrument insertion channel, a first wire insertion hole that is provided parallel to the treatment instrument insertion channel, and a second wire insertion hole that is provided parallel to the treatment instrument insertion channel; one towing wire including a first portion that is inserted into the first wire insertion hole, a second portion that is inserted into the second wire insertion hole, and a third portion that is provided between the first portion and the second portion and is drawn out between the first wire insertion hole and the second wire insertion hole, wherein a proximal end portion of the first portion and a proximal end portion of the second portion are connected to a bending operation member; and a third wire insertion hole into which the third portion is inserted and in which the third portion abuts on a part of an inner peripheral surface. 2. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
the third wire insertion hole is formed in a distal end portion of the multi-lumen tube. 3. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 2, wherein
the third wire insertion hole is formed such that two holes that open at the distal end portion of the multi-lumen tube communicate with a proximal end side of the distal end portion. 4. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
a plate member is abutted on a distal end surface of the multi-lumen tube and the third wire insertion hole is two holes that are formed penetrating in a thickness direction of the plate member. 5. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
a line connecting a center of the first wire insertion hole and a center of the second wire insertion hole is a line that penetrates an outer side and an inner side of the treatment instrument insertion channel. 6. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
the first wire insertion hole and the second wire insertion hole are arranged so as to face each other across the treatment instrument insertion channel 7. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 3, wherein
the third wire insertion hole is a light wire material insertion hole or a signal line material insertion hole. 8. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 7, wherein
a light guide fiber is inserted into the light wire material insertion hole, and an electric signal line or an image guide fiber is inserted into the signal line material insertion hole. 9. An endoscope comprising:
the insertion portion of an endoscope according to claim 1. | An insertion portion of an endoscope includes a multi-lumen tube including a treatment instrument insertion channel, a first wire insertion hole that is provided parallel to the treatment instrument insertion channel, and a second wire insertion hole; one towing wire including a first portion that is inserted into the first wire insertion hole, a second portion that is inserted into the second wire insertion hole, and a third portion that is drawn out between the first wire insertion hole and the second wire insertion hole, wherein a proximal end portion of the first portion and a proximal end portion of the second portion are connected to a bending operation member; and a third wire insertion hole into which the third portion is inserted and in which the third portion abuts on a part of an inner peripheral surface.1. An insertion portion of an endoscope comprising:
a multi-lumen tube including a treatment instrument insertion channel, a first wire insertion hole that is provided parallel to the treatment instrument insertion channel, and a second wire insertion hole that is provided parallel to the treatment instrument insertion channel; one towing wire including a first portion that is inserted into the first wire insertion hole, a second portion that is inserted into the second wire insertion hole, and a third portion that is provided between the first portion and the second portion and is drawn out between the first wire insertion hole and the second wire insertion hole, wherein a proximal end portion of the first portion and a proximal end portion of the second portion are connected to a bending operation member; and a third wire insertion hole into which the third portion is inserted and in which the third portion abuts on a part of an inner peripheral surface. 2. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
the third wire insertion hole is formed in a distal end portion of the multi-lumen tube. 3. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 2, wherein
the third wire insertion hole is formed such that two holes that open at the distal end portion of the multi-lumen tube communicate with a proximal end side of the distal end portion. 4. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
a plate member is abutted on a distal end surface of the multi-lumen tube and the third wire insertion hole is two holes that are formed penetrating in a thickness direction of the plate member. 5. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
a line connecting a center of the first wire insertion hole and a center of the second wire insertion hole is a line that penetrates an outer side and an inner side of the treatment instrument insertion channel. 6. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
the first wire insertion hole and the second wire insertion hole are arranged so as to face each other across the treatment instrument insertion channel 7. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 3, wherein
the third wire insertion hole is a light wire material insertion hole or a signal line material insertion hole. 8. The insertion portion of the endoscope according to claim 7, wherein
a light guide fiber is inserted into the light wire material insertion hole, and an electric signal line or an image guide fiber is inserted into the signal line material insertion hole. 9. An endoscope comprising:
the insertion portion of an endoscope according to claim 1. | 3,700 |
339,093 | 16,799,910 | 3,795 | A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid, a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid, a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle, an individual channel communicating with the nozzle, a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle, and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate. The dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate forms a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light. | 1. A liquid discharge head comprising:
a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid; a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid; a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle; an individual channel communicating with the nozzle; a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle; and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate, the channel plate including the individual channel and the dummy channel, wherein the dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate is configured to form a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 2. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of silicon. 3. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of a transparent film. 4. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein a fluid resistance of the dummy channel is larger than a fluid resistance of the individual channel. 5. The liquid discharge head according to claim 4,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle;
a filter disposed upstream of the individual-supply channel in a direction of supply of the liquid; and
a pressure chamber between the nozzle and the individual-supply channel, and
the dummy channel includes:
a vertical channel perpendicular to the lateral channel, the vertical channel being made of a material different from a material that forms the lateral channel; and
the lateral channel connecting the vertical channel and the dummy nozzle. 6. The liquid discharge head according to claim 5,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle, and
an individual-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the nozzle, and
the dummy channel includes:
a dummy-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the dummy nozzle, and
a dummy-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the dummy nozzle. 7. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a supply port configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle and the dummy nozzle through the individual channel and the dummy channel, respectively,
wherein the dummy nozzle is opposite to the nozzle via the supply port along the lateral channel in the in-plane direction of the nozzle plate. 8. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of nozzles, including the nozzle, arrayed in a row,
wherein the dummy nozzle is aligned at an end of the row of the plurality of nozzles. 9. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising:
an opening in a portion of the nozzle plate that forms the wall of the dummy channel, wherein the opening is sealed with a member transmittable of the at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 10. A liquid discharge device comprising the liquid discharge head according to claim 1. 11. The liquid discharge device according to claim 10,
wherein the liquid discharge head and at least one of a head tank configured to store the liquid to be supplied to the liquid discharge head, a carriage on which the liquid discharge head is mounted, a supply unit configured to supply the liquid to the liquid discharge head, a maintenance unit configured to maintain the liquid discharge head, and a main scan moving unit configured to move the liquid discharge head in a main scanning direction form a single unit. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising the liquid discharge device according to claim 10. | A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid, a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid, a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle, an individual channel communicating with the nozzle, a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle, and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate. The dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate forms a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light.1. A liquid discharge head comprising:
a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid; a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid; a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle; an individual channel communicating with the nozzle; a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle; and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate, the channel plate including the individual channel and the dummy channel, wherein the dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate is configured to form a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 2. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of silicon. 3. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of a transparent film. 4. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein a fluid resistance of the dummy channel is larger than a fluid resistance of the individual channel. 5. The liquid discharge head according to claim 4,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle;
a filter disposed upstream of the individual-supply channel in a direction of supply of the liquid; and
a pressure chamber between the nozzle and the individual-supply channel, and
the dummy channel includes:
a vertical channel perpendicular to the lateral channel, the vertical channel being made of a material different from a material that forms the lateral channel; and
the lateral channel connecting the vertical channel and the dummy nozzle. 6. The liquid discharge head according to claim 5,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle, and
an individual-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the nozzle, and
the dummy channel includes:
a dummy-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the dummy nozzle, and
a dummy-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the dummy nozzle. 7. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a supply port configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle and the dummy nozzle through the individual channel and the dummy channel, respectively,
wherein the dummy nozzle is opposite to the nozzle via the supply port along the lateral channel in the in-plane direction of the nozzle plate. 8. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of nozzles, including the nozzle, arrayed in a row,
wherein the dummy nozzle is aligned at an end of the row of the plurality of nozzles. 9. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising:
an opening in a portion of the nozzle plate that forms the wall of the dummy channel, wherein the opening is sealed with a member transmittable of the at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 10. A liquid discharge device comprising the liquid discharge head according to claim 1. 11. The liquid discharge device according to claim 10,
wherein the liquid discharge head and at least one of a head tank configured to store the liquid to be supplied to the liquid discharge head, a carriage on which the liquid discharge head is mounted, a supply unit configured to supply the liquid to the liquid discharge head, a maintenance unit configured to maintain the liquid discharge head, and a main scan moving unit configured to move the liquid discharge head in a main scanning direction form a single unit. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising the liquid discharge device according to claim 10. | 3,700 |
339,094 | 16,799,938 | 2,653 | A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid, a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid, a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle, an individual channel communicating with the nozzle, a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle, and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate. The dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate forms a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light. | 1. A liquid discharge head comprising:
a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid; a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid; a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle; an individual channel communicating with the nozzle; a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle; and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate, the channel plate including the individual channel and the dummy channel, wherein the dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate is configured to form a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 2. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of silicon. 3. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of a transparent film. 4. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein a fluid resistance of the dummy channel is larger than a fluid resistance of the individual channel. 5. The liquid discharge head according to claim 4,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle;
a filter disposed upstream of the individual-supply channel in a direction of supply of the liquid; and
a pressure chamber between the nozzle and the individual-supply channel, and
the dummy channel includes:
a vertical channel perpendicular to the lateral channel, the vertical channel being made of a material different from a material that forms the lateral channel; and
the lateral channel connecting the vertical channel and the dummy nozzle. 6. The liquid discharge head according to claim 5,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle, and
an individual-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the nozzle, and
the dummy channel includes:
a dummy-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the dummy nozzle, and
a dummy-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the dummy nozzle. 7. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a supply port configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle and the dummy nozzle through the individual channel and the dummy channel, respectively,
wherein the dummy nozzle is opposite to the nozzle via the supply port along the lateral channel in the in-plane direction of the nozzle plate. 8. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of nozzles, including the nozzle, arrayed in a row,
wherein the dummy nozzle is aligned at an end of the row of the plurality of nozzles. 9. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising:
an opening in a portion of the nozzle plate that forms the wall of the dummy channel, wherein the opening is sealed with a member transmittable of the at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 10. A liquid discharge device comprising the liquid discharge head according to claim 1. 11. The liquid discharge device according to claim 10,
wherein the liquid discharge head and at least one of a head tank configured to store the liquid to be supplied to the liquid discharge head, a carriage on which the liquid discharge head is mounted, a supply unit configured to supply the liquid to the liquid discharge head, a maintenance unit configured to maintain the liquid discharge head, and a main scan moving unit configured to move the liquid discharge head in a main scanning direction form a single unit. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising the liquid discharge device according to claim 10. | A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid, a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid, a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle, an individual channel communicating with the nozzle, a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle, and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate. The dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate forms a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light.1. A liquid discharge head comprising:
a nozzle configured to discharge a liquid; a dummy nozzle configured not to discharge the liquid; a nozzle plate including the nozzle and the dummy nozzle; an individual channel communicating with the nozzle; a dummy channel communicating with the dummy nozzle; and a channel plate bonded to the nozzle plate, the channel plate including the individual channel and the dummy channel, wherein the dummy channel includes a lateral channel along an in-plane direction of the nozzle plate, the nozzle plate is configured to form a wall of the lateral channel of the dummy channel, and the wall of the lateral channel is transmittable of at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 2. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of silicon. 3. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein the wall of the lateral channel is made of a transparent film. 4. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1,
wherein a fluid resistance of the dummy channel is larger than a fluid resistance of the individual channel. 5. The liquid discharge head according to claim 4,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle;
a filter disposed upstream of the individual-supply channel in a direction of supply of the liquid; and
a pressure chamber between the nozzle and the individual-supply channel, and
the dummy channel includes:
a vertical channel perpendicular to the lateral channel, the vertical channel being made of a material different from a material that forms the lateral channel; and
the lateral channel connecting the vertical channel and the dummy nozzle. 6. The liquid discharge head according to claim 5,
wherein the individual channel includes:
an individual-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle, and
an individual-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the nozzle, and
the dummy channel includes:
a dummy-supply channel configured to supply the liquid to the dummy nozzle, and
a dummy-collection channel configured to collect the liquid from the dummy nozzle. 7. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a supply port configured to supply the liquid to the nozzle and the dummy nozzle through the individual channel and the dummy channel, respectively,
wherein the dummy nozzle is opposite to the nozzle via the supply port along the lateral channel in the in-plane direction of the nozzle plate. 8. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of nozzles, including the nozzle, arrayed in a row,
wherein the dummy nozzle is aligned at an end of the row of the plurality of nozzles. 9. The liquid discharge head according to claim 1, further comprising:
an opening in a portion of the nozzle plate that forms the wall of the dummy channel, wherein the opening is sealed with a member transmittable of the at least one of infrared ray and visible light. 10. A liquid discharge device comprising the liquid discharge head according to claim 1. 11. The liquid discharge device according to claim 10,
wherein the liquid discharge head and at least one of a head tank configured to store the liquid to be supplied to the liquid discharge head, a carriage on which the liquid discharge head is mounted, a supply unit configured to supply the liquid to the liquid discharge head, a maintenance unit configured to maintain the liquid discharge head, and a main scan moving unit configured to move the liquid discharge head in a main scanning direction form a single unit. 12. A liquid discharge apparatus comprising the liquid discharge device according to claim 10. | 2,600 |
339,095 | 16,799,994 | 2,653 | The present invention is in the field of soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699 and to the seed, cells, germplasm, plant parts, and progeny of each or any of these cultivars, and methods of using CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 in a breeding program. | 1. A plant, a plant part, or a seed of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699, wherein a representative sample of seed of said soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 has been deposited under ATCC Accession Numbers PTA-124922, PTA-124925, PTA-124929, PTA-124931, PTA-124933, PTA-124935, PTA-124936, and PTA-124940. 2. A cell of the plant of claim 1. 3. A soybean plant obtained by transforming the soybean plant of claim 1. 4. A seed of the soybean plant according to claim 3. 5. A method for producing a soybean seed, said method comprising crossing soybean plants and harvesting the resultant soybean seed, wherein at least one soybean plant is the soybean plant of claim 1. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:
(a) crossing a plant grown from said resultant soybean seed with itself or a different soybean plant to produce a seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent generation; (b) growing a progeny plant of a subsequent generation from said seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent generation and crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generation with itself or a second plant to produce a progeny plant of a further subsequent generation; and (c) repeating steps (a) and (b) using said progeny plant of a further subsequent generation from step (b) in place of the plant grown from said resultant soybean seed in step (a), wherein steps (a) and (b) are repeated with sufficient inbreeding to produce an inbred soybean plant derived from any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699. 7. An F1 soybean seed produced by the method of claim 5. 8. An F1 soybean seed produced by the method of claim 5 wherein at least one of the soybean plants carries a heritable transgenic event. 9. An F1 soybean plant, or part thereof, produced by growing said seed of claim 7. 10. A method for developing a second soybean plant through plant breeding, said method comprising applying plant breeding to said soybean plant, or parts thereof according to claim 1, wherein said plant breeding results in development of said second soybean plant. 11. A method of producing a soybean plant comprising a desired trait, the method comprising introducing at least one transgene or locus conferring the desired trait into the soybean plant of claim 1. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the desired trait is selected from the group consisting of male sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, nematode resistance, pest resistance, disease resistance, fungal resistance, modified fatty acid metabolism, modified carbohydrate metabolism, drought tolerance, abiotic stress tolerance, a site-specific recombination site, and modified nutrient deficiency tolerances. 13. A plant produced by the method of claim 11, wherein the plant has said desired trait and all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699 other than those characteristics altered by said transgene or locus when grown in the same location and in the same environment. 14. A method of introducing a single locus conversion into a soybean plant, wherein the method comprises:
(a) crossing the CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 plant of claim 1 with a plant of another soybean variety that comprises the single locus to produce F1 progeny plants; (b) selecting one or more F1 progeny plants from step (a) to produce selected progeny plants; (c) selfing selected progeny plants of step (b) or crossing the selected progeny plants of step (b) with the respective parent CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 plants to produce later generation selected progeny plants; (d) crossing or further selecting for later generation selected progeny plants that have the single locus and physiological and morphological characteristics of the respective parent soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 to produce selected next later generation progeny plants; and optionally (e) repeating crossing or selection of later generation progeny plants to produce progeny plants that comprise the single locus and all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of said single locus and of parent soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 when grown in the same location and in the same environment. 15. A plant produced by the method of claim 14 or a selfed progeny thereof, wherein the plant or selfed progeny thereof comprises said single locus and otherwise comprises essentially all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699. 16. A method of producing a commodity plant product, said method comprising obtaining the plant of claim 1 or a part thereof and producing said commodity plant product comprising protein concentrate, protein isolate, soybean hulls, meal, flour, or oil from said plant or said part thereof. 17. A seed that produces the plant of claim 13. 18. A method comprising isolating nucleic acids from a plant, a plant part, or a seed of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699, analyzing said nucleic acids to produce data, and recording the data for soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the data is recorded on a computer readable medium. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising using the data for crossing, selection, or advancement decisions in a breeding program. | The present invention is in the field of soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699 and to the seed, cells, germplasm, plant parts, and progeny of each or any of these cultivars, and methods of using CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 in a breeding program.1. A plant, a plant part, or a seed of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699, wherein a representative sample of seed of said soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 has been deposited under ATCC Accession Numbers PTA-124922, PTA-124925, PTA-124929, PTA-124931, PTA-124933, PTA-124935, PTA-124936, and PTA-124940. 2. A cell of the plant of claim 1. 3. A soybean plant obtained by transforming the soybean plant of claim 1. 4. A seed of the soybean plant according to claim 3. 5. A method for producing a soybean seed, said method comprising crossing soybean plants and harvesting the resultant soybean seed, wherein at least one soybean plant is the soybean plant of claim 1. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:
(a) crossing a plant grown from said resultant soybean seed with itself or a different soybean plant to produce a seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent generation; (b) growing a progeny plant of a subsequent generation from said seed of a progeny plant of a subsequent generation and crossing the progeny plant of a subsequent generation with itself or a second plant to produce a progeny plant of a further subsequent generation; and (c) repeating steps (a) and (b) using said progeny plant of a further subsequent generation from step (b) in place of the plant grown from said resultant soybean seed in step (a), wherein steps (a) and (b) are repeated with sufficient inbreeding to produce an inbred soybean plant derived from any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699. 7. An F1 soybean seed produced by the method of claim 5. 8. An F1 soybean seed produced by the method of claim 5 wherein at least one of the soybean plants carries a heritable transgenic event. 9. An F1 soybean plant, or part thereof, produced by growing said seed of claim 7. 10. A method for developing a second soybean plant through plant breeding, said method comprising applying plant breeding to said soybean plant, or parts thereof according to claim 1, wherein said plant breeding results in development of said second soybean plant. 11. A method of producing a soybean plant comprising a desired trait, the method comprising introducing at least one transgene or locus conferring the desired trait into the soybean plant of claim 1. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the desired trait is selected from the group consisting of male sterility, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, nematode resistance, pest resistance, disease resistance, fungal resistance, modified fatty acid metabolism, modified carbohydrate metabolism, drought tolerance, abiotic stress tolerance, a site-specific recombination site, and modified nutrient deficiency tolerances. 13. A plant produced by the method of claim 11, wherein the plant has said desired trait and all of the morphological and physiological characteristics of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699 other than those characteristics altered by said transgene or locus when grown in the same location and in the same environment. 14. A method of introducing a single locus conversion into a soybean plant, wherein the method comprises:
(a) crossing the CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 plant of claim 1 with a plant of another soybean variety that comprises the single locus to produce F1 progeny plants; (b) selecting one or more F1 progeny plants from step (a) to produce selected progeny plants; (c) selfing selected progeny plants of step (b) or crossing the selected progeny plants of step (b) with the respective parent CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 plants to produce later generation selected progeny plants; (d) crossing or further selecting for later generation selected progeny plants that have the single locus and physiological and morphological characteristics of the respective parent soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 to produce selected next later generation progeny plants; and optionally (e) repeating crossing or selection of later generation progeny plants to produce progeny plants that comprise the single locus and all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of said single locus and of parent soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699 when grown in the same location and in the same environment. 15. A plant produced by the method of claim 14 or a selfed progeny thereof, wherein the plant or selfed progeny thereof comprises said single locus and otherwise comprises essentially all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699. 16. A method of producing a commodity plant product, said method comprising obtaining the plant of claim 1 or a part thereof and producing said commodity plant product comprising protein concentrate, protein isolate, soybean hulls, meal, flour, or oil from said plant or said part thereof. 17. A seed that produces the plant of claim 13. 18. A method comprising isolating nucleic acids from a plant, a plant part, or a seed of any of soybean varieties CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, and EE1660699, analyzing said nucleic acids to produce data, and recording the data for soybean variety CL1460639, CL1560184, CL1562109, CL1562124, CL1562543, CS1660005, CW1510074, CW1660042, or EE1660699. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the data is recorded on a computer readable medium. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising using the data for crossing, selection, or advancement decisions in a breeding program. | 2,600 |
339,096 | 16,799,956 | 2,653 | A method for treating choroidal neovascularization in a patient includes administrating as eye drops into the eye of the patient having choroidal neovascularization a therapeutically effective amount of an aqueous ophthalmic composition that is formulated for topical administration as eye drops. The aqueous ophthalmic composition consists essentially of Timolol Maleate at a concentration of about 0.1% to 0.5%, Dorzolamide at a concentration of about 0.5% to 2.5%, Prednisolone at a concentration of about 1.0% to 3.0%, Ketorolac Tromethamine at a concentration of about 0.4% to 1.2%, and sterile water at a concentration of at least about 90.0%. | 1. A method for treating choroidal neovascularization in a patient, the method comprising administrating as eye drops into the eye of the patient having choroidal neovascularization a therapeutically effective amount of an aqueous ophthalmic composition that is formulated for topical administration as eye drops, the aqueous ophthalmic compostion consisting essentially of:
Timolol Maleate at a concentration of about 0.1% to 0.5%; Dorzolamide at a concentration of about 0.5% to 2.5%; Prednisolone at a concentration of about 1.0% to 3.0%; Ketorolac Tromethamine at a concentration of about 0.4% to 1.2%; and sterile water at a concentration of at least about 90.0%. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes valproic acid at a concentration of about about 0.5% to 1.5%. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a buffering agent formulated to obtain a therapeutically acceptable pH of about 7.0 to 7.8 pH. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous opthlamic composition includes a salt in an amount sufficient to obtain a formulation having a physiologically acceptable osmolality for topical administration as eye drops. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a preservative in an amount sufficient to obtain a stabilized formulation. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes an mTOR inhibitor in an effective amount to induce autophagy and reduce druzen formation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition is formulated as an adjunct therapy to injectable VEGF antibody inhibitor therapies to significantly reduce the number of annual VEGF inhibitor intraocular injections. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the Timolol Maleate is at a concentration of about 0.125%. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the Dorzolamide is at a concentration of about 1.0%. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the Prednisolone is at a concentration of about 2.0%. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the Ketorolac Tromethamine is at a concentration of about 0.8%. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the method includes administering an orally or topically active antibiotic to the patient as an adjunct therapy to the eye drops application of the aqueous ophthalmic composition. 13. A method for treating choroidal neovascularization in a patient, the method comprising administrating for at least eight weeks at least two eye drops and up to six eye drops a day into the eye of the patient having choroidal neovascularization a therapeutically effective amount of an aqueous ophthalmic composition that is formulated for topical administration as eye drops, the aqueous ophthalmic compostion consisting essentially of:
Timolol Maleate at a concentration of about 0.1% to 0.5%; Dorzolamide at a concentration of about 0.5% to 2.5%; Prednisolone at a concentration of about 1.0% to 3.0%; Ketorolac Tromethamine at a concentration of about 0.4% to 1.2%; and sterile water at a concentration of at least about 90.0%. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes valproic acid at a concentration of about about 0.5% to 1.5%. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a buffering agent formulated to obtain a therapeutically acceptable pH of about 7.0 to 7.8 pH. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous opthlamic composition includes a salt in an amount sufficient to obtain a formulation having a physiologically acceptable osmolality for topical administration as eye drops. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a preservative in an amount sufficient to obtain a stabilized formulation. 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes an mTOR inhibitor in an effective amount to induce autophagy and reduce druzen formation. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition is formulated as an adjunct therapy to injectable VEGF antibody inhibitor therapies to significantly reduce the number of annual VEGF inhibitor intraocular injections. 20. The method of claim 13, wherein the method includes administering an orally or topically active antibiotic to the patient as an adjunct therapy to the eye drops application of the aqueous ophthalmic composition. | A method for treating choroidal neovascularization in a patient includes administrating as eye drops into the eye of the patient having choroidal neovascularization a therapeutically effective amount of an aqueous ophthalmic composition that is formulated for topical administration as eye drops. The aqueous ophthalmic composition consists essentially of Timolol Maleate at a concentration of about 0.1% to 0.5%, Dorzolamide at a concentration of about 0.5% to 2.5%, Prednisolone at a concentration of about 1.0% to 3.0%, Ketorolac Tromethamine at a concentration of about 0.4% to 1.2%, and sterile water at a concentration of at least about 90.0%.1. A method for treating choroidal neovascularization in a patient, the method comprising administrating as eye drops into the eye of the patient having choroidal neovascularization a therapeutically effective amount of an aqueous ophthalmic composition that is formulated for topical administration as eye drops, the aqueous ophthalmic compostion consisting essentially of:
Timolol Maleate at a concentration of about 0.1% to 0.5%; Dorzolamide at a concentration of about 0.5% to 2.5%; Prednisolone at a concentration of about 1.0% to 3.0%; Ketorolac Tromethamine at a concentration of about 0.4% to 1.2%; and sterile water at a concentration of at least about 90.0%. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes valproic acid at a concentration of about about 0.5% to 1.5%. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a buffering agent formulated to obtain a therapeutically acceptable pH of about 7.0 to 7.8 pH. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous opthlamic composition includes a salt in an amount sufficient to obtain a formulation having a physiologically acceptable osmolality for topical administration as eye drops. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a preservative in an amount sufficient to obtain a stabilized formulation. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes an mTOR inhibitor in an effective amount to induce autophagy and reduce druzen formation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition is formulated as an adjunct therapy to injectable VEGF antibody inhibitor therapies to significantly reduce the number of annual VEGF inhibitor intraocular injections. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the Timolol Maleate is at a concentration of about 0.125%. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the Dorzolamide is at a concentration of about 1.0%. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the Prednisolone is at a concentration of about 2.0%. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the Ketorolac Tromethamine is at a concentration of about 0.8%. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the method includes administering an orally or topically active antibiotic to the patient as an adjunct therapy to the eye drops application of the aqueous ophthalmic composition. 13. A method for treating choroidal neovascularization in a patient, the method comprising administrating for at least eight weeks at least two eye drops and up to six eye drops a day into the eye of the patient having choroidal neovascularization a therapeutically effective amount of an aqueous ophthalmic composition that is formulated for topical administration as eye drops, the aqueous ophthalmic compostion consisting essentially of:
Timolol Maleate at a concentration of about 0.1% to 0.5%; Dorzolamide at a concentration of about 0.5% to 2.5%; Prednisolone at a concentration of about 1.0% to 3.0%; Ketorolac Tromethamine at a concentration of about 0.4% to 1.2%; and sterile water at a concentration of at least about 90.0%. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes valproic acid at a concentration of about about 0.5% to 1.5%. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a buffering agent formulated to obtain a therapeutically acceptable pH of about 7.0 to 7.8 pH. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous opthlamic composition includes a salt in an amount sufficient to obtain a formulation having a physiologically acceptable osmolality for topical administration as eye drops. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes a preservative in an amount sufficient to obtain a stabilized formulation. 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition includes an mTOR inhibitor in an effective amount to induce autophagy and reduce druzen formation. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein the aqueous ophthalmic composition is formulated as an adjunct therapy to injectable VEGF antibody inhibitor therapies to significantly reduce the number of annual VEGF inhibitor intraocular injections. 20. The method of claim 13, wherein the method includes administering an orally or topically active antibiotic to the patient as an adjunct therapy to the eye drops application of the aqueous ophthalmic composition. | 2,600 |
339,097 | 16,799,982 | 2,653 | A set of aperture substrates for multiple beams includes a first shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of first openings, the first shaping aperture array substrate being irradiated with a charged particle beam in a region in which the first openings are formed whereby first multiple beams are formed with a part of the charged particle beams having passed respectively through the first openings, and a second shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of second openings through which corresponding first multiple beam passes respectively whereby second multiple beams are formed. Each of the second multiple beams is shaped by a pair of opposite sides of the first opening and a pair of opposite sides of the second opening. | 1. A set of aperture substrates for multiple beams, the set of aperture substrates comprising:
a first shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of first openings, the first shaping aperture array substrate being irradiated with a charged particle beam in a region in which the first openings are formed whereby first multiple beams are formed with a part of the charged particle beams having passed respectively through the first openings; and a second shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of second openings through which corresponding first multiple beam passes respectively whereby second multiple beams are formed, wherein each of the second multiple beams is shaped by a pair of opposite sides of the first opening and a pair of opposite sides of the second opening. 2. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 1, wherein the first openings and the second openings include a width varying portion having non-parallel opposite sides. 3. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 2, wherein a lengthwise direction of the first openings and a lengthwise direction of the second openings are perpendicular to each other, and
a width of each first opening and each second opening in a widthwise direction varies along the lengthwise direction of each opening. 4. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 3, wherein the first opening or the second opening has an isosceles trapezoidal shape. 5. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 2, wherein the first openings and the second openings include a width fixed portion joined continuously to the width varying portion. 6. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 1, wherein the first openings or the second openings have an isosceles triangular shape or a right triangular shape. 7. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 1, wherein the first openings and the second openings include a width fixed portion having parallel opposite sides. 8. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 7, wherein each of the first openings and the second openings includes a first width fixed portion and a second width fixed portion having a larger width than the first width fixed portion. 9. A multi charged particle beam apparatus comprising:
an emitter emitting a charged particle beam; the set of aperture substrates for multiple beams according to claim 1; a blanking aperture array substrate blanking each beam of the second multiple beams individually, a deflector deflecting the multiple beams such that at least part of the second multiple beams is irradiated to a predetermined position on an irradiation target substrate; a plurality of movable stages adjusting positions of at least two of the first shaping aperture array substrate, the second shaping aperture array substrate, and the blanking aperture array substrate independently. 10. The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a pre-aperture array substrate disposed between the emitter and the first shaping aperture array substrate and having openings formed in alignment with positions at which the plurality of first openings are arranged. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein each opening formed in the pre-aperture array substrate has a size larger than a length of a side of the first opening in a widthwise direction and smaller than a length of a side of the first opening in a lengthwise direction. | A set of aperture substrates for multiple beams includes a first shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of first openings, the first shaping aperture array substrate being irradiated with a charged particle beam in a region in which the first openings are formed whereby first multiple beams are formed with a part of the charged particle beams having passed respectively through the first openings, and a second shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of second openings through which corresponding first multiple beam passes respectively whereby second multiple beams are formed. Each of the second multiple beams is shaped by a pair of opposite sides of the first opening and a pair of opposite sides of the second opening.1. A set of aperture substrates for multiple beams, the set of aperture substrates comprising:
a first shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of first openings, the first shaping aperture array substrate being irradiated with a charged particle beam in a region in which the first openings are formed whereby first multiple beams are formed with a part of the charged particle beams having passed respectively through the first openings; and a second shaping aperture array substrate including a plurality of second openings through which corresponding first multiple beam passes respectively whereby second multiple beams are formed, wherein each of the second multiple beams is shaped by a pair of opposite sides of the first opening and a pair of opposite sides of the second opening. 2. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 1, wherein the first openings and the second openings include a width varying portion having non-parallel opposite sides. 3. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 2, wherein a lengthwise direction of the first openings and a lengthwise direction of the second openings are perpendicular to each other, and
a width of each first opening and each second opening in a widthwise direction varies along the lengthwise direction of each opening. 4. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 3, wherein the first opening or the second opening has an isosceles trapezoidal shape. 5. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 2, wherein the first openings and the second openings include a width fixed portion joined continuously to the width varying portion. 6. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 1, wherein the first openings or the second openings have an isosceles triangular shape or a right triangular shape. 7. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 1, wherein the first openings and the second openings include a width fixed portion having parallel opposite sides. 8. The set of aperture substrates according to claim 7, wherein each of the first openings and the second openings includes a first width fixed portion and a second width fixed portion having a larger width than the first width fixed portion. 9. A multi charged particle beam apparatus comprising:
an emitter emitting a charged particle beam; the set of aperture substrates for multiple beams according to claim 1; a blanking aperture array substrate blanking each beam of the second multiple beams individually, a deflector deflecting the multiple beams such that at least part of the second multiple beams is irradiated to a predetermined position on an irradiation target substrate; a plurality of movable stages adjusting positions of at least two of the first shaping aperture array substrate, the second shaping aperture array substrate, and the blanking aperture array substrate independently. 10. The apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a pre-aperture array substrate disposed between the emitter and the first shaping aperture array substrate and having openings formed in alignment with positions at which the plurality of first openings are arranged. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein each opening formed in the pre-aperture array substrate has a size larger than a length of a side of the first opening in a widthwise direction and smaller than a length of a side of the first opening in a lengthwise direction. | 2,600 |
339,098 | 16,799,989 | 2,653 | A display apparatus includes: a pixel electrode; a switching element that is connected to the pixel electrode; a scanning line that transfers a signal by which the switching element is driven; an image line that transfers a signal by which the pixel electrode is charged; a liquid crystal layer that includes liquid crystal molecules; a plurality of domains that are different in alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer; an alignment boundary portion that is positioned in a boundary of the plurality of domains; an alignment film that aligns the liquid crystal molecules, and a capacitor line that extends along the transverse direction and is arranged so as to be overlapped with the pixel electrode with an insulating film in between and overlapped with at least a part of the alignment boundary portion. | 1. A display apparatus comprising:
a pixel electrode that has a longitudinal shape; a switching element that is connected to the pixel electrode; a scanning line that extends along a longitudinal direction of the pixel electrode and is connected to the switching element to transfer a signal by which the switching element is driven; an image line that extends along a transverse direction of the pixel electrode and is connected to the switching element to transfer a signal by which the pixel electrode is charged; a liquid crystal layer that includes liquid crystal molecules; a plurality of domains that are different in alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer; an alignment boundary portion that is positioned in a boundary of the plurality of domains; an alignment film that aligns the liquid crystal molecules and a capacitor line that extends along the transverse direction and is arranged so as to be overlapped with the pixel electrode with an insulating film in between and overlapped with at least a part of the alignment boundary portion. 2. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the alignment film is subjected to a plurality of alignment processes to differentiate alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules, and a boundary of portions subjected to the plurality of alignment processes corresponds to the alignment boundary portion. 3. The display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a light shielding portion that extends along the longitudinal direction and is arranged so as to be overlapped with the second alignment boundary portion, wherein the alignment boundary portion includes a first alignment boundary portion that extends along the transverse direction and is overlapped with the capacitor line and a second alignment boundary portion that extends along the longitudinal direction. 4. The display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the light shielding portion is electrically connected to the capacitor line. 5. The display apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the light shielding portion is formed of a conductor film, which is identical with that of the capacitor line, and is continued to the capacitor line. 6. The display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein
the switching element includes a gate electrode connected to the scanning line, a source electrode connected to the image line, a drain electrode connected to the pixel electrode, and a channel portion connected to the source electrode and the drain electrode, and the drain electrode has a pixel connection portion that is overlapped with the second alignment boundary portion and overlapped with a part of the pixel electrode with the insulating film in between, and is connected to the pixel electrode through a contact hole formed so as to be opened in the insulating film. 7. The display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an edge light shielding portion that is arranged so as to be overlapped with at least a part of an edge which is included in an outer periphery of the pixel electrode and in which an azimuthal direction that is perpendicular to the edge and points toward an inside of the pixel electrode defines an obtuse angle with respect to a tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules near a middle of the liquid crystal layer in a thickness direction when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. 8. The display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the edge light shielding portion is arranged so as to be overlapped with at least a part of a long-side edge which is included in the outer periphery of the pixel electrode and in which an azimuthal direction that is perpendicular to the long-side edge and points toward the inside of the pixel electrode defines an obtuse angle with respect to the tilt direction. 9. The display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the edge light shielding portion is electrically connected to the capacitor line. 10. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the scanning line is arranged so as not to be overlapped with the pixel electrode, and the edge light shielding portion is arranged so as not to be overlapped with the scanning line but to be adjacent to a side edge of the scanning line. 11. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the edge light shielding portion is formed of a conductor film, which is identical with that of the capacitor line, and is continued to the capacitor line. 12. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor line is formed of a conductor film which is identical with that of the image line. | A display apparatus includes: a pixel electrode; a switching element that is connected to the pixel electrode; a scanning line that transfers a signal by which the switching element is driven; an image line that transfers a signal by which the pixel electrode is charged; a liquid crystal layer that includes liquid crystal molecules; a plurality of domains that are different in alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer; an alignment boundary portion that is positioned in a boundary of the plurality of domains; an alignment film that aligns the liquid crystal molecules, and a capacitor line that extends along the transverse direction and is arranged so as to be overlapped with the pixel electrode with an insulating film in between and overlapped with at least a part of the alignment boundary portion.1. A display apparatus comprising:
a pixel electrode that has a longitudinal shape; a switching element that is connected to the pixel electrode; a scanning line that extends along a longitudinal direction of the pixel electrode and is connected to the switching element to transfer a signal by which the switching element is driven; an image line that extends along a transverse direction of the pixel electrode and is connected to the switching element to transfer a signal by which the pixel electrode is charged; a liquid crystal layer that includes liquid crystal molecules; a plurality of domains that are different in alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer; an alignment boundary portion that is positioned in a boundary of the plurality of domains; an alignment film that aligns the liquid crystal molecules and a capacitor line that extends along the transverse direction and is arranged so as to be overlapped with the pixel electrode with an insulating film in between and overlapped with at least a part of the alignment boundary portion. 2. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the alignment film is subjected to a plurality of alignment processes to differentiate alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules, and a boundary of portions subjected to the plurality of alignment processes corresponds to the alignment boundary portion. 3. The display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a light shielding portion that extends along the longitudinal direction and is arranged so as to be overlapped with the second alignment boundary portion, wherein the alignment boundary portion includes a first alignment boundary portion that extends along the transverse direction and is overlapped with the capacitor line and a second alignment boundary portion that extends along the longitudinal direction. 4. The display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the light shielding portion is electrically connected to the capacitor line. 5. The display apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the light shielding portion is formed of a conductor film, which is identical with that of the capacitor line, and is continued to the capacitor line. 6. The display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein
the switching element includes a gate electrode connected to the scanning line, a source electrode connected to the image line, a drain electrode connected to the pixel electrode, and a channel portion connected to the source electrode and the drain electrode, and the drain electrode has a pixel connection portion that is overlapped with the second alignment boundary portion and overlapped with a part of the pixel electrode with the insulating film in between, and is connected to the pixel electrode through a contact hole formed so as to be opened in the insulating film. 7. The display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an edge light shielding portion that is arranged so as to be overlapped with at least a part of an edge which is included in an outer periphery of the pixel electrode and in which an azimuthal direction that is perpendicular to the edge and points toward an inside of the pixel electrode defines an obtuse angle with respect to a tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules near a middle of the liquid crystal layer in a thickness direction when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer. 8. The display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the edge light shielding portion is arranged so as to be overlapped with at least a part of a long-side edge which is included in the outer periphery of the pixel electrode and in which an azimuthal direction that is perpendicular to the long-side edge and points toward the inside of the pixel electrode defines an obtuse angle with respect to the tilt direction. 9. The display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the edge light shielding portion is electrically connected to the capacitor line. 10. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the scanning line is arranged so as not to be overlapped with the pixel electrode, and the edge light shielding portion is arranged so as not to be overlapped with the scanning line but to be adjacent to a side edge of the scanning line. 11. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the edge light shielding portion is formed of a conductor film, which is identical with that of the capacitor line, and is continued to the capacitor line. 12. The display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor line is formed of a conductor film which is identical with that of the image line. | 2,600 |
339,099 | 16,800,003 | 2,653 | A sealed tensioner is used in an automotive application to keep a belt or chain under its intended tension as it wears and stretches. The sealed tensioner is hydraulic but lacks an outside oil supply. The sealed tensioner, in an example, includes an outer body having a first bore. A cartridge body is received in the first bore. The cartridge body has a second bore. A piston is carried in the second bore. A check valve is situated between a low pressure reservoir and a high pressure chamber. One or more baffle walls are located at the low pressure reservoir. The baffle wall(s) block an air pocket in the low pressure reservoir from entering the high pressure chamber. | 1. A sealed tensioner, comprising:
an outer body having a first bore; a cartridge body received in the first bore, the cartridge body having a second bore; a piston carried in the second bore and biased to an extended state; a check valve situated between a low pressure reservoir and a high pressure chamber; and at least one baffle wall located at the low pressure reservoir, the at least one baffle wall blocking an air pocket residing in the low pressure reservoir from entering the high pressure chamber. 2. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the low pressure reservoir is established by confronting surfaces of a fixedly-interfitted outer body and cartridge body, and a seal is formed at least a section of a periphery of the low pressure reservoir via a surface-to-surface interface between the outer body and cartridge body. 3. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the piston has an interior, the interior constituting the high pressure chamber. 4. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the low pressure reservoir is defined at least in part by an inner wall of the first bore of the outer body and an outer wall of the cartridge body, the inner wall and outer wall confronting each other to at least partly define the low pressure reservoir. 5. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cartridge body has at least one passage for fluid travel between the low pressure reservoir and the high pressure reservoir, the outer body lacking passages for fluid travel. 6. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the at least one baffle wall includes a first baffle wall positioned adjacent an exit of the low pressure reservoir and includes a second baffle wall positioned adjacent the exit, the first and second baffle walls spaced from each other and establishing an indirect path at the spacing to the exit of the low pressure reservoir. 7. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein fluid in the low pressure reservoir compresses the air pocket when the piston is in the midst of moving to a retracted state. 8. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a clearance residing between the cartridge body and the piston, and fluid in the high pressure chamber travels to the low pressure reservoir via the clearance when the piston is in the midst of moving to a retracted state. 9. A sealed tensioner, comprising:
an outer body having a bore with an inner wall; a cartridge body interfitted in the bore and having an outer wall, a low pressure reservoir established at least in part by a confrontation of the inner wall of the bore and the outer wall of the cartridge body, an air pocket residing in the low pressure reservoir; a piston carried by the cartridge body, a high pressure chamber established at least in part by an interior of the piston; and at least one baffle wall extending from the cartridge body and forming a seal with the inner wall of the bore of the outer body, the at least one baffle wall located adjacent an exit of the low pressure reservoir. 10. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 9, wherein a second seal is formed in at least a section of a periphery of the low pressure reservoir via a surface-to-surface interface between the inner wall of the bore and the outer wall of the cartridge body. 11. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 9, wherein the at least one baffle wall includes a first baffle wall located adjacent the exit of the low pressure reservoir and includes a second baffle wall spaced from the first baffle wall, the first and second baffle walls blocking the air pocket from entering the exit of the low pressure reservoir when the sealed tensioner is oriented to at least one non-installation position. 12. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 9, further comprising a clearance and a check valve, the clearance residing between the cartridge body and the piston, the check valve located at an entrance to the high pressure chamber, the check valve preventing fluid-flow thereat from the high pressure chamber to the low pressure reservoir when the piston is in the midst of moving to a retracted state, the prevention of fluid-flow by the check valve forcing fluid-flow from the high pressure chamber to the low pressure reservoir via the clearance. 13. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 12, wherein the forced fluid-flow from the high pressure chamber to the low pressure reservoir via the clearance damps the movement of the piston to the retracted state, and the fluid-flow to the low pressure reservoir compresses the air pocket when the piston is in the midst of moving to the retracted state. 14. A sealed tensioner, comprising:
an outer body having a first bore; a cartridge body received in the first bore, the cartridge body having a second bore, a low pressure reservoir established at least in part by confronting walls of the outer body and the cartridge body, an air pocket residing in the low pressure reservoir; a piston carried in the second bore and biased to an extended state, the piston having an interior, a high pressure chamber established at least in part by the interior; a passage defined in the cartridge body for fluid travel between the low pressure reservoir and the high pressure chamber; a check valve located at an entrance to the high pressure chamber; a clearance residing between the cartridge body and the piston; and at least one baffle wall extending from the cartridge body, the at least one baffle wall located downstream of an entrance of the high pressure chamber. 15. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 14, wherein a first seal is formed at at least a section of a periphery of the low pressure reservoir via a first surface-to-surface interface between the outer body and cartridge body at the first bore, and a second seal is formed via a second surface-to-surface interface between the at least one baffle wall and the outer body at the first bore. | A sealed tensioner is used in an automotive application to keep a belt or chain under its intended tension as it wears and stretches. The sealed tensioner is hydraulic but lacks an outside oil supply. The sealed tensioner, in an example, includes an outer body having a first bore. A cartridge body is received in the first bore. The cartridge body has a second bore. A piston is carried in the second bore. A check valve is situated between a low pressure reservoir and a high pressure chamber. One or more baffle walls are located at the low pressure reservoir. The baffle wall(s) block an air pocket in the low pressure reservoir from entering the high pressure chamber.1. A sealed tensioner, comprising:
an outer body having a first bore; a cartridge body received in the first bore, the cartridge body having a second bore; a piston carried in the second bore and biased to an extended state; a check valve situated between a low pressure reservoir and a high pressure chamber; and at least one baffle wall located at the low pressure reservoir, the at least one baffle wall blocking an air pocket residing in the low pressure reservoir from entering the high pressure chamber. 2. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the low pressure reservoir is established by confronting surfaces of a fixedly-interfitted outer body and cartridge body, and a seal is formed at least a section of a periphery of the low pressure reservoir via a surface-to-surface interface between the outer body and cartridge body. 3. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the piston has an interior, the interior constituting the high pressure chamber. 4. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the low pressure reservoir is defined at least in part by an inner wall of the first bore of the outer body and an outer wall of the cartridge body, the inner wall and outer wall confronting each other to at least partly define the low pressure reservoir. 5. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cartridge body has at least one passage for fluid travel between the low pressure reservoir and the high pressure reservoir, the outer body lacking passages for fluid travel. 6. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein the at least one baffle wall includes a first baffle wall positioned adjacent an exit of the low pressure reservoir and includes a second baffle wall positioned adjacent the exit, the first and second baffle walls spaced from each other and establishing an indirect path at the spacing to the exit of the low pressure reservoir. 7. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein fluid in the low pressure reservoir compresses the air pocket when the piston is in the midst of moving to a retracted state. 8. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a clearance residing between the cartridge body and the piston, and fluid in the high pressure chamber travels to the low pressure reservoir via the clearance when the piston is in the midst of moving to a retracted state. 9. A sealed tensioner, comprising:
an outer body having a bore with an inner wall; a cartridge body interfitted in the bore and having an outer wall, a low pressure reservoir established at least in part by a confrontation of the inner wall of the bore and the outer wall of the cartridge body, an air pocket residing in the low pressure reservoir; a piston carried by the cartridge body, a high pressure chamber established at least in part by an interior of the piston; and at least one baffle wall extending from the cartridge body and forming a seal with the inner wall of the bore of the outer body, the at least one baffle wall located adjacent an exit of the low pressure reservoir. 10. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 9, wherein a second seal is formed in at least a section of a periphery of the low pressure reservoir via a surface-to-surface interface between the inner wall of the bore and the outer wall of the cartridge body. 11. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 9, wherein the at least one baffle wall includes a first baffle wall located adjacent the exit of the low pressure reservoir and includes a second baffle wall spaced from the first baffle wall, the first and second baffle walls blocking the air pocket from entering the exit of the low pressure reservoir when the sealed tensioner is oriented to at least one non-installation position. 12. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 9, further comprising a clearance and a check valve, the clearance residing between the cartridge body and the piston, the check valve located at an entrance to the high pressure chamber, the check valve preventing fluid-flow thereat from the high pressure chamber to the low pressure reservoir when the piston is in the midst of moving to a retracted state, the prevention of fluid-flow by the check valve forcing fluid-flow from the high pressure chamber to the low pressure reservoir via the clearance. 13. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 12, wherein the forced fluid-flow from the high pressure chamber to the low pressure reservoir via the clearance damps the movement of the piston to the retracted state, and the fluid-flow to the low pressure reservoir compresses the air pocket when the piston is in the midst of moving to the retracted state. 14. A sealed tensioner, comprising:
an outer body having a first bore; a cartridge body received in the first bore, the cartridge body having a second bore, a low pressure reservoir established at least in part by confronting walls of the outer body and the cartridge body, an air pocket residing in the low pressure reservoir; a piston carried in the second bore and biased to an extended state, the piston having an interior, a high pressure chamber established at least in part by the interior; a passage defined in the cartridge body for fluid travel between the low pressure reservoir and the high pressure chamber; a check valve located at an entrance to the high pressure chamber; a clearance residing between the cartridge body and the piston; and at least one baffle wall extending from the cartridge body, the at least one baffle wall located downstream of an entrance of the high pressure chamber. 15. The sealed tensioner as set forth in claim 14, wherein a first seal is formed at at least a section of a periphery of the low pressure reservoir via a first surface-to-surface interface between the outer body and cartridge body at the first bore, and a second seal is formed via a second surface-to-surface interface between the at least one baffle wall and the outer body at the first bore. | 2,600 |
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