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[
"Sogang University",
"founded by",
"Society of Jesus"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Sogang University<\e1> and <e2>Society of Jesus<\e2>.
Sogang University (SU, Hangul: 서강대학교 Hanja: 西江大學校, literally "West River University") is a private research university in Seoul, South Korea. It was established in 1960 by Fr. Theodore Geppert, SJ with the Wisconsin Province of the Society of Jesus. Sogang is the oldest Jesuit institution of higher education in South Korea, and it has been ranked as one of the top 3 Catholic universities in Asia.History
Beginnings
At the initiative of the Catholic Hierarchy of Korea, Pope Pius XII gave assurance that a Catholic institution of higher learning would be established in Korea. In 1948 he entrusted the task to the Society of Jesus. In October 1954 Jesuit Fr. Theodore Geppert, SJ from Sophia University of Tokyo came to Korea in search of a suitable site to establish a Jesuit college. In February 1955 Jean-Baptiste Janssens, SJ, the twenty-seventh Superior General of the Society of Jesus, assigned the task of establishing the college to the Wisconsin Province of Jesuits. Fr. Leo Burns, SJ, Superior of the Wisconsin Province of the Society of Jesus, came to Korea and, with the Korean Catholic Hierarchy, began negotiations with the Syngman Rhee government for the establishment of a liberal arts college. In January 1957 the Society of Jesus purchased a property of 67,075 pyong (217,323 sq. meters, 53 acres) at Nogosan, Sinsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul. The site was prepared for construction of an Administration Building, which was completed in November 1959. Sogang College was opened in 1960 and was granted research university status in 1970.University symbol and slogan
The cardinal red university color symbolizes love, the Holy Spirit, martyrdom, loyalty, and victory. The silver chevron comes from the first letter 'ㅅ' of 서강 (Sogang), representing the intellectual spirit of Sogang and an ivory tower. The "IHS" comes from the first letters of the Greek name Ιησους (ΙΗΣΟΥΣ) for Jesus and is also found on the seal of the Society of Jesus, the Catholic religious order that founded the university. The medieval crown stands for the Virgin and Trinity, symbolizing wisdom. Sogang University also has a famous slogan which is: Be as Proud of Sogang as Sogang is Proud of You (Korean: 그대 서강의 자랑이듯, 서강 그대의 자랑이어라). | founded by | 33,724 | 101,274 |
[
"National Film Registry",
"founded by",
"United States Congress"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>National Film Registry<\e1> and <e2>United States Congress<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,275 |
[
"Adobe Technical Communication Suite",
"founded by",
"Adobe"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Adobe Technical Communication Suite<\e1> and <e2>Adobe<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,277 |
[
"Goddard Space Flight Center",
"founded by",
"United States Congress"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Goddard Space Flight Center<\e1> and <e2>United States Congress<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,278 |
[
"United States Department of Defense",
"founded by",
"Harry S. Truman"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>United States Department of Defense<\e1> and <e2>Harry S. Truman<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,285 |
[
"United States Department of Energy",
"founded by",
"Jimmy Carter"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>United States Department of Energy<\e1> and <e2>Jimmy Carter<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,289 |
[
"United States Department of Energy",
"founded by",
"United States Congress"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>United States Department of Energy<\e1> and <e2>United States Congress<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,291 |
[
"General Services Administration",
"founded by",
"Harry S. Truman"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>General Services Administration<\e1> and <e2>Harry S. Truman<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,301 |
[
"Legal Services Corporation",
"founded by",
"United States Congress"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Legal Services Corporation<\e1> and <e2>United States Congress<\e2>.
The Legal Services Corporation (LSC) is a publicly funded, 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation established by the United States Congress. It seeks to ensure equal access to justice under the law for all Americans by providing funding for civil legal aid to those who otherwise would be unable to afford it. The LSC was created in 1974 with bipartisan congressional sponsorship and the support of the Nixon administration, and LSC is funded through the congressional appropriations process.
LSC has a board of eleven directors, appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate, that set LSC policy. By law the board is bipartisan; no more than six members can come from the same party. LSC has a president and other officers who implement those policies and oversee the corporation's operations.LSC is the largest single funder of civil legal aid in the country, distributing more than 90 percent of its total funding to 132 independent nonprofit legal aid programs.For Fiscal Year 2023, Congress appropriated $560 million to LSC to fund civil legal aid.History
Background
LSC is one of the organizational descendants of the former Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO). The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, a key part of President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society vision, established the OEO. Building on the work of a 1964 essay, "The War on Poverty: A Civilian Perspective" by Edgar Cahn and Jean Camper Cahn, in 1965 OEO budgeted $1 million per year to create and fund 269 local legal services programs around the country, such as California Rural Legal Assistance, which made a name for themselves suing local officials and sometimes stirring up resentment against their federal funding. Jean Cahn was the first director of the National
Legal Services Program in OEO.By the early 1970s the Nixon administration began dismantling the OEO; funding for legal services for the poor began to wither, and supporters looked for an alternative arrangement. In 1971 a bipartisan congressional group, including Senators Ted Kennedy, William A. Steiger, and Walter Mondale, proposed a national, independent Legal Services Corporation; at the same time, administration officials such as Attorney General John N. Mitchell and chief domestic advisor John Ehrlichman were proposing their own somewhat similar solution. | founded by | 33,728 | 101,314 |
[
"United States Air Force",
"founded by",
"United States Congress"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>United States Air Force<\e1> and <e2>United States Congress<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,317 |
[
"Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition",
"founded by",
"Napoleon III"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition<\e1> and <e2>Napoleon III<\e2>.
The Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition (French: Médaille commémorative de l'expédition de Chine de 1860) was a military award of the Second French Empire to reward soldiers and sailors who participated in the Anglo-French expedition to China during the Second Opium War. It was created by imperial decree on 23 January 1861, by Napoleon III.The British Empire had been engaged in an ongoing conflict with the Qing Dynasty since 1856 over legalizing the opium trade, expanding coolie trade, opening all of China to British merchants, and exempting foreign imports from internal transit duties. Following the 1857 general election in the United Kingdom, the new parliament decided to seek redress from China based on the report about the Arrow Incident submitted by Harry Parkes, British Consul to Guangzhou. The French Empire, the United States, and the Russian Empire received requests from Britain to form an alliance. France joined the British action against China, prompted by the execution of a French missionary, Father August Chapdelaine ("Father Chapdelaine Incident"), by Chinese local authorities in Guangxi province. The conflict concluded with the 1858 Treaty of Tianjin finally ratified by the emperor's brother, Yixin, the Prince Gong, in the Convention of Peking on 18 October 1860.Award description
The Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition was a 30 mm in diameter circular silver medal designed and engraved by Albert Désiré Barre. Its obverse bore the left profile of Emperor Napoleon III crowned with a laurel wreath surrounded by the relief inscription "NAPOLEON III" "EMPEREUR" (English: "NAPOLEON III" "EMPEROR"). A 4 mm wide relief laurel wreath ran along the entire circumference of both the obverse and reverse of the medal.On the reverse, within the laurel wreath, the circular relief inscription EXPÉDITION DE CHINE 1860 (English: CHINA EXPEDITION 1860). At the centre, the relief inscription on four lines of the campaign's major battles TA-KOU, CHANG-KIA-WAN, PA-LI-KIAO, PE-KING.The medal was suspended from a 36 mm wide silk moiré yellow ribbon, at its center, the name of the city of Peking woven in blue Chinese characters. (Actually it reads Kingpe or Jingbei with the two Hanzi characters switched. This was clearly a mistake.) | founded by | 33,731 | 101,335 |
[
"Royal Order of Spain",
"founded by",
"Joseph Bonaparte"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Royal Order of Spain<\e1> and <e2>Joseph Bonaparte<\e2>.
History
The Royal Order of Spain was founded by King Joseph of Spain on 20 October 1808, under the name of royal and military order (’ordre royal et militaire) to be awarded for bravery on the battlefield as well as for civilian accomplishments. It had three classes: grand cross (grand cordon); commander (commandeur) and knight (chevalier).The order was abolished by King Ferdinand VII in 1814. | founded by | 33,733 | 101,339 |
[
"Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal",
"founded by",
"Franklin Delano Roosevelt"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal<\e1> and <e2>Franklin Delano Roosevelt<\e2>.
The Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal is a United States military award of the Second World War, which was awarded to any member of the United States Armed Forces who served in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater from 1941 to 1945. The medal was created on November 6, 1942, by Executive Order 9265 issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The medal was designed by Thomas Hudson Jones; the reverse side was designed by Adolph Alexander Weinman which is the same design as used on the reverse of the American Campaign Medal and European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal.
There were 21 Army and 48 Navy-Marine Corps official campaigns of the Pacific Theater, denoted on the suspension and service ribbon of the medal by service stars which also were called "battle stars"; some Navy construction battalion units issued the medal with Arabic numerals. The Arrowhead device is authorized for those campaigns which involved participation in amphibious assault landings. The Fleet Marine Force Combat Operation Insignia is also authorized for wear on the medal for Navy service members who participated in combat while assigned to a Marine Corps unit. The flag colors of the United States and Japan are visible in the ribbon.
The Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal was first issued as a service ribbon in 1942. A full medal was authorized in 1947, the first of which was presented to General of the Army Douglas MacArthur. The European Theater equivalent of the medal was known as the European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal.
Boundaries of Asiatic-Pacific Theater.
(1) The eastern boundary is coincident with the western boundary of the American Theater.
(2) The western boundary is from the North Pole south along the 60th meridian east longitude to its intersection with the east boundary of Iran, then south along the Iran boundary to the Gulf of Oman and the intersection of the 60th meridian east longitude, then south along the 60th meridian east longitude to the South Pole. | founded by | 33,734 | 101,340 |
[
"National Guard of Russia",
"founded by",
"Vladimir Putin"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>National Guard of Russia<\e1> and <e2>Vladimir Putin<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,343 |
[
"United Aircraft Corporation",
"founded by",
"Vladimir Putin"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>United Aircraft Corporation<\e1> and <e2>Vladimir Putin<\e2>.
First years
The UAC was created on 20 February 2006 by Russian President Vladimir Putin in Presidential Decree No. 140 by merging shares from Ilyushin, Irkut, Mikoyan, Sukhoi, Tupolev, and Yakovlev as a new joint-stock company named the OJSC United Aircraft Corporation in order to optimize production and minimize losses. The UAC stated the reason why the corporation was created was to protect and develop the scientific and industrial potential of the Russian aircraft industry, the security and defense of the state, and the concentration of intellectual, industrial, and financial resources to implement long-term aviation programs. The United Aircraft Corporation started out producing the Tupolev Tu-154 "Careless", the Tupolev Tu-204, the Ilyushin Il-96, the Ilyushin Il-114, and all of Mikoyan, Sukhoi, Yakovlev, Tupolev, and Ilyushin military aircraft; all created prior to the corporation's creation. | founded by | 33,736 | 101,349 |
[
"United Aircraft Corporation",
"owned by",
"Government of Russia"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>United Aircraft Corporation<\e1> and <e2>Government of Russia<\e2>.
The PJSC United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) (Russian: Объединённая авиастроительная корпорация, tr. Obyedinyonnaya Aviastroitelnaya Korporatsiya (OAK)) is a Russian aerospace and defense corporation. With a majority stake belonging to the Russian government, it consolidates Russian private and state-owned aircraft manufacturing companies and assets engaged in the manufacture, design and sale of military, civilian, transport, and unmanned aircraft. Its headquarters are in Krasnoselsky District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow.Many of the corporation's assets are located in various regions in Russia, with joint-ventures with foreign partners in Italy, India and China.First years
The UAC was created on 20 February 2006 by Russian President Vladimir Putin in Presidential Decree No. 140 by merging shares from Ilyushin, Irkut, Mikoyan, Sukhoi, Tupolev, and Yakovlev as a new joint-stock company named the OJSC United Aircraft Corporation in order to optimize production and minimize losses. The UAC stated the reason why the corporation was created was to protect and develop the scientific and industrial potential of the Russian aircraft industry, the security and defense of the state, and the concentration of intellectual, industrial, and financial resources to implement long-term aviation programs. The United Aircraft Corporation started out producing the Tupolev Tu-154 "Careless", the Tupolev Tu-204, the Ilyushin Il-96, the Ilyushin Il-114, and all of Mikoyan, Sukhoi, Yakovlev, Tupolev, and Ilyushin military aircraft; all created prior to the corporation's creation.2020-present
On 30 November 2021, the UAC board of directors approved the annexation to the corporation of both military aircraft producers Mikoyan and Sukhoi, previewed for 2022. The daily management of both is already made by UAC. In January 2022, UAC shareholders approved the annexation. As of 2022, UAC was 88 percent owned by Rostec.On 22 March 2022, it was remarked that the Russian aviation industry was not even receiving imported parts already paid for as a result of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.The company and its CEO Yury Slyusar were sanctioned by the British government on 24 February 2022, as it was judged to have aided in the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In May 2022 the United States Department of the Treasury placed sanctions on Slyusar pursuant to Executive Order 14024 as a member of the Government of Russia.The conglomerate finished the process of Mikoyan and Sukhoi absorption in June 2022. Relevant records were changed on June 1 in the United State Register of Legal Entities.President
According to the UAC, the President is the sole executive body of PJSC UAC with functions of the Chairman of the Management Board. The President is empowered to decide all issues pertaining to the Corporation's current activities, except for matters falling within the competence of the General Shareholders' Meeting, the Board of Directors and the Management Board.
Before January 2015: Alexei Fyodorov
January 2015–present: Yury SlyusarVice Presidents
First Vice President: Alexander Tulyakov
Vice President for State Defense Order and Service Support of State Aviation Aircraft: Alexander Bobryshev
Vice President for special-purpose aviation: Sergey Gerasimov
Vice President of Economics and Finance: Demidov Alexey
Vice President for Security: Koval Artur
Vice President of special purpose and strategic aviation: Konyukhov Alexander
Vice President for Innovations: Sergey Korotkov
Vice President of Civil Aviation: Vladislav Masalov
Vice President for Military Aviation: Igor Ozar
Vice President - Head of the Office: Alexander Skokov
Vice President for Production: Sergey Yurasov
Former member: Alexey Rogozin | owned by | 33,737 | 101,350 |
[
"Savage X Fenty",
"founded by",
"Rihanna"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Savage X Fenty<\e1> and <e2>Rihanna<\e2>.
Savage X Fenty is a lingerie brand founded by Barbadian singer Rihanna. Along with lingerie, the line features bras, underwear, sleepwear, and loungewear. The brand features an optional membership program called Xtra VIP which offers discounts and early access to product releases.History
Savage X Fenty is a joint venture between Rihanna and TechStyle Fashion Group. Starting as an online-only brand, the entire pre-launch marketing occurred on Rihanna’s Instagram account. The website launched on May 11, 2018, along with a pop-up shop in Brooklyn, New York which was open the first two days the brand launched. Within a month of launching, the debut collection sold out.In 2018, the company launched a sleepwear collection to benefit the Clara Lionel Foundation, a non-profit also founded by Rihanna.Savage X Fenty was named one of Fast Company’s “10 most innovative style companies of 2020” and as of 2021, the brand is valued at $1 billion and has over 4.5 million followers across social media platforms.In January 2022, Rihanna announced that Savage X Fenty would open its own brick-and-mortar stores in 2022. The first five locations planned are Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Houston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. | founded by | 33,738 | 101,352 |
[
"Savage X Fenty",
"owned by",
"Rihanna"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Savage X Fenty<\e1> and <e2>Rihanna<\e2>.
Savage X Fenty is a lingerie brand founded by Barbadian singer Rihanna. Along with lingerie, the line features bras, underwear, sleepwear, and loungewear. The brand features an optional membership program called Xtra VIP which offers discounts and early access to product releases.History
Savage X Fenty is a joint venture between Rihanna and TechStyle Fashion Group. Starting as an online-only brand, the entire pre-launch marketing occurred on Rihanna’s Instagram account. The website launched on May 11, 2018, along with a pop-up shop in Brooklyn, New York which was open the first two days the brand launched. Within a month of launching, the debut collection sold out.In 2018, the company launched a sleepwear collection to benefit the Clara Lionel Foundation, a non-profit also founded by Rihanna.Savage X Fenty was named one of Fast Company’s “10 most innovative style companies of 2020” and as of 2021, the brand is valued at $1 billion and has over 4.5 million followers across social media platforms.In January 2022, Rihanna announced that Savage X Fenty would open its own brick-and-mortar stores in 2022. The first five locations planned are Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Houston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. | owned by | 33,738 | 101,353 |
[
"Corps des Volontaires françaises",
"founded by",
"Charles de Gaulle"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Corps des Volontaires françaises<\e1> and <e2>Charles de Gaulle<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,354 |
[
"Curator Aquarum",
"founded by",
"Augustus"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Curator Aquarum<\e1> and <e2>Augustus<\e2>.
History
Before the Curator Aquarum Censors managed the water supply. Emperor Augustus, as part of another initiative to develop new positions, created the Curator Aquarum. The purpose of this new position was to maintain the water supply of Rome. Augustus appointed Agrippa as the Curator Aquarum. Aggripa was curator from 33 to 12 BC. He used a slave force consisting of 240 imperial slaves and 40 freedmen. During his term, he built the Aqua Julia, repaired existing aqueducts, and established the Cura Aquarum. After the death of Agrippa, Messala Corvinus became the Curator Aquarum. Emperor Claudius increased the number of the staff to 460 men. Eventually this would increase to 700 men. Frontinus was also appointed as the Curator Aquarum by emperor Nerva. During the 2nd Century the Curator Aquarum largely escaped the historical record. However, during the reigns of Septimius Severus and Caracalla a new position called Curator Aquarum et Minuciae was established. Lucius Novius Rufius, who was the Governor of Hispania Citerior and a supporter of Clodius Albinus, a rival of Septimius Severus, held the position of Curator Aquarum et Minuciae. | founded by | 33,739 | 101,355 |
[
"French Development Agency",
"founded by",
"Charles de Gaulle"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>French Development Agency<\e1> and <e2>Charles de Gaulle<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,356 |
[
"Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games",
"founded by",
"Tokyo"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games<\e1> and <e2>Tokyo<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,357 |
[
"Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games",
"founded by",
"Japanese Olympic Committee"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games<\e1> and <e2>Japanese Olympic Committee<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,358 |
[
"Persian Empire",
"founded by",
"Cyrus the Great"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Persian Empire<\e1> and <e2>Cyrus the Great<\e2>.
Etymology
The Achaemenid Empire borrows its name from the ancestor of Cyrus the Great, the founder of the empire, Achaemenes. The term Achaemenid means "of the family of the Achaemenis/Achaemenes" (Old Persian: 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁 Haxāmaniš; a bahuvrihi compound translating to "having a friend's mind"). Achaemenes was himself a minor seventh-century ruler of the Anshan in southwestern Iran, and a vassal of Assyria.Around 850 BC the original nomadic people who began the empire called themselves the Parsa and their constantly shifting territory Parsua, for the most part localized around Persis. The name "Persia" is a Greek and Latin pronunciation of the native word referring to the country of the people originating from Persis (Old Persian: 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿, Pārsa). The Persian term Xšāça (𐎧𐏁𐏂), literally meaning "The Kingdom", was used to refer to the Empire formed by their multinational state.Origin
The Persian nation contains a number of tribes as listed here. ... : the Pasargadae, Maraphii, and Maspii, upon which all the other tribes are dependent. Of these, the Pasargadae are the most distinguished; they contain the clan of the Achaemenids from which spring the Perseid kings. Other tribes are the Panthialaei, Derusiaei, Germanii, all of which are attached to the soil, the remainder—the Dai, Mardi, Dropici, Sagarti, being nomadic.
The Achaemenid Empire was created by nomadic Persians. The Persians were Iranian people who arrived in what is today Iran c. 1000 BC and settled a region including north-western Iran, the Zagros Mountains and Persis alongside the native Elamites. The Persians were originally nomadic pastoralists in the western Iranian Plateau. The Achaemenid Empire may not have been the first Iranian empire, as the Medes, another group of Iranian people, possibly established a short-lived empire when they played a major role in overthrowing the Assyrians.The Achaemenids were initially rulers of the Elamite city of Anshan near the modern city of Marvdasht; the title "King of Anshan" was an adaptation of the earlier Elamite title "King of Susa and Anshan". There are conflicting accounts of the identities of the earliest Kings of Anshan. According to the Cyrus Cylinder (the oldest extant genealogy of the Achaemenids) the kings of Anshan were Teispes, Cyrus I, Cambyses I and Cyrus II, also known as Cyrus the Great, who founded the empire. The later Behistun Inscription, written by Darius the Great, claims that Teispes was the son of Achaemenes and that Darius is also descended from Teispes through a different line, but no earlier texts mention Achaemenes. In Herodotus' Histories, he writes that Cyrus the Great was the son of Cambyses I and Mandane of Media, the daughter of Astyages, the king of the Median Empire.Descendants in later Persian dynasties
"Frataraka" Governors of the Seleucid Empire
Several later Persian rulers, forming the Frataraka dynasty, are known to have acted as representatives of the Seleucids in the region of Fārs. They ruled from the end of the 3rd century BC to the beginning of the 2nd century BC, and Vahbarz or Vādfradād I obtained independence circa 150 BC, when Seleucid power waned in the areas of southwestern Persia and the Persian Gulf region.
Kings of Persis, under the Parthian Empire
During an apparent transitional period, corresponding to the reigns of Vādfradād II and another uncertain king, no titles of authority appeared on the reverse of their coins. The earlier title prtrk' zy alhaya (Frataraka) had disappeared. Under Dārēv I (Darios I) however, the new title of mlk, or king, appeared, sometimes with the mention of prs (Persis), suggesting that the kings of Persis had become independent rulers.When the Parthian Arsacid king Mithridates I (c. 171–138 BC) took control of Persis, he left the Persian dynasts in office, known as the Kings of Persis, and they were allowed to continue minting coins with the title of mlk ("King").
Sasanian Empire
With the reign of Šābuhr, the son of Pāpag, the kingdom of Persis then became a part of the Sasanian Empire. Šābuhr's brother and successor, Ardaxšir (Artaxerxes) V, defeated the last legitimate Parthian king, Artabanos V in 224 AD, and was crowned at Ctesiphon as Ardaxšir I (Ardashir I), šāhanšāh ī Ērān, becoming the first king of the new Sasanian Empire.
Kingdom of PontusThe Achaemenid line would also be carried on through the Kingdom of Pontus, based in the Pontus region of northern Asia Minor. This Pontic Kingdom, a state of Persian origin, may even have been directly related to Darius I and the Achaemenid dynasty. It was founded by Mithridates I in 281 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. The kingdom grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI the Great, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Bithynia, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. Thus, this Persian dynasty managed to survive and prosper in the Hellenistic world while the main Persian Empire had fallen. Despite Greek influence on the Kingdom of Pontus, Pontics continued to maintain their Achaemenid lineage.
Both the later dynasties of the Parthians and Sasanians would on occasion claim Achaemenid descent. Recently there has been some corroboration for the Parthian claim to Achaemenid ancestry via the possibility of an inherited disease (neurofibromatosis) demonstrated by the physical descriptions of rulers and from the evidence of familial disease on ancient coinage.Tombs
Many Achaemenid rulers built tombs for themselves. The most famous, Naqsh-e Rustam, is an ancient necropolis located about 12 km north-west of Persepolis, with the tombs of four of the kings of the dynasty are carved in this mountain: Darius I, Xerxes I, Artaxerxes I and Darius II. Other kings constructed their own tombs elsewhere. Artaxerxes II and Artaxerxes III preferred to carve their tombs beside their spring capital Persepolis, the left tomb belonging to Artaxerxes II and the right tomb belonging to Artaxerxes III, the last Achaemenid king to have a tomb. The tomb of the founder of the Achaemenid dynasty, Cyrus the Great, was built in Pasargadae (now a world heritage site). | founded by | 33,740 | 101,360 |
[
"Caspian Flotilla",
"founded by",
"Peter the Great"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Caspian Flotilla<\e1> and <e2>Peter the Great<\e2>.
The Caspian Flotilla (Russian: Каспийская флотилия, tr. Kaspiyskaya flotiliya) is the flotilla of the Russian Navy in the Caspian Sea.
Established in November 1722 by the order of Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Caspian Flotilla is the oldest flotilla in the Russian Navy not operating in a body of water connected to the open ocean. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR then the Soviet Union in 1922, where it formed part of the Soviet Navy and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1945. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Caspian Flotilla and most of its vessels were inherited by the Russian Federation.
The Caspian Flotilla's headquarters are located in Astrakhan, but were historically in Baku (now in Azerbaijan) from 1867 until 1991, with additional facilities in Makhachkala (HQ being moved there) and Kaspiysk. The current commander is Rear Admiral Aleksandr Peshkov. | founded by | 33,741 | 101,363 |
[
"Central Naval Museum",
"founded by",
"Peter the Great"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Central Naval Museum<\e1> and <e2>Peter the Great<\e2>.
History
Imperial era
The museum originates from the St. Petersburg Model Chamber, used to store models and drawings related to shipbuilding. The Model Chamber was first mentioned in records on 24 January 1709, the date now used as the birthday of the museum. Peter I, who at the time was with his army in the Ukraine, sent instructions to Alexander Kikin, reading : “Take the Model Chamber out of my house and place it by the shipyard, wherever a proper place is available …”. The Model Chamber was located in the Main Admiralty, where ships of the Baltic Fleet were built. | founded by | 33,742 | 101,364 |
[
"Baltic Fleet",
"founded by",
"Peter the Great"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Baltic Fleet<\e1> and <e2>Peter the Great<\e2>.
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.
Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.
The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, and another base in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.Imperial Russia
The Imperial Russian Baltic Fleet was created during the Great Northern War at the initiative of Tsar Peter the Great, who ordered the first ships for the Baltic Fleet to be constructed at Lodeynoye Pole in 1702 and 1703. The first commander was a recruited Dutch admiral, Cornelius Cruys, who in 1723 was succeeded by Count Fyodor Apraksin. In 1703, the main base of the fleet was established in Kronshtadt. One of the fleet's first actions was the taking of Shlisselburg.
In 1701 Peter the Great established a special school, the School of Mathematics and Navigation (Russian: Школа математических и навигацких наук), situated in the Sukharev Tower in Moscow. As the territory to the west around the Gulf of Finland was acquired by Russia for a "warm-water" port giving access for its merchantmen and the buildup of a naval force, the city of St. Petersburg was built and developed an extensive port. The School of Mathematics and Navigation was moved to St. Petersburg and in 1752 it was renamed the Naval Cadet Corps. Today it is the St. Petersburg Naval Institute – Peter the Great Naval Corps. | founded by | 33,743 | 101,365 |
[
"Royal Museum for Central Africa",
"founded by",
"Leopold II of Belgium"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Royal Museum for Central Africa<\e1> and <e2>Leopold II of Belgium<\e2>.
History
International Exposition (1897)
After the Congo Free State was recognised by the Berlin Conference of 1884–85, King Leopold II wanted to publicise the civilising mission and the economic opportunities available in his private colony to a wider public, both in Belgium and internationally. After considering other places, the king decided to have a temporary exhibition in his royal estate in Tervuren, just east of Brussels, in today's province of Flemish Brabant.
When the 1897 International Exposition was held in Brussels, a colonial section was built in Tervuren, connected to the city centre by the monumental Avenue de Tervueren/Tervurenlaan. The Brussels–Tervuren tram line 44 was built at the same time as the original museum by Leopold II to bring the visitors from the city centre to the colonial exhibition. The colonial section was hosted in the Palace of the Colonies. The building was designed by the French architect Alfred-Philibert Aldrophe and the classical gardens by the French landscape architect Elie Lainé. In the main hall, known as the Hall of the Great Cultures (French: Salon des Grandes Cultures), the architect and decorator Georges Hobé designed a distinctive wooden Art Nouveau structure to evoke a Congolese forest, using Bilinga wood, an African tree. The exhibition displayed ethnographic objects, stuffed animals and Congolese export products (e.g. coffee, cacao and tobacco). In the park, a temporary "human zoo"—a copy of an African village—was built, in which 60 Congolese people lived for the duration of the exhibition. Seven of them, however, did not survive their forced stay in Belgium. | founded by | 33,744 | 101,368 |
[
"Hamilton County Fair (Ohio)",
"founded by",
"William Henry Harrison"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Hamilton County Fair (Ohio)<\e1> and <e2>William Henry Harrison<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,371 |
[
"Cristo Rey Polytechnic Institute",
"founded by",
"Society of Jesus"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Cristo Rey Polytechnic Institute<\e1> and <e2>Society of Jesus<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,372 |
[
"El Rancho de las Golondrinas",
"founded by",
"family"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>El Rancho de las Golondrinas<\e1> and <e2>family<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,373 |
[
"Cilicia (satrapy)",
"founded by",
"Cyrus the Great"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Cilicia (satrapy)<\e1> and <e2>Cyrus the Great<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,375 |
[
"Arystan Bab Mausoleum",
"founded by",
"Timur"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Arystan Bab Mausoleum<\e1> and <e2>Timur<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,376 |
[
"Amir al-Mu'minin",
"founded by",
"Umar ibn Al-Khattāb"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Amir al-Mu'minin<\e1> and <e2>Umar ibn Al-Khattāb<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,377 |
[
"MSAV",
"founded by",
"Microsoft"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>MSAV<\e1> and <e2>Microsoft<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,379 |
[
"Agence nationale pour l'emploi",
"founded by",
"Jacques Chirac"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Agence nationale pour l'emploi<\e1> and <e2>Jacques Chirac<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,380 |
[
"Celeres",
"founded by",
"Romulus"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Celeres<\e1> and <e2>Romulus<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,381 |
[
"Visual FoxPro",
"founded by",
"Microsoft"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Visual FoxPro<\e1> and <e2>Microsoft<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,382 |
[
"State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of the Soviet Union",
"founded by",
"Council of Ministers of the USSR"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of the Soviet Union<\e1> and <e2>Council of Ministers of the USSR<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,383 |
[
"Snipping Tool",
"founded by",
"Microsoft"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Snipping Tool<\e1> and <e2>Microsoft<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,384 |
[
"Vulcania",
"founded by",
"Valéry Giscard d'Estaing"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Vulcania<\e1> and <e2>Valéry Giscard d'Estaing<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,387 |
[
"Vulcania",
"owned by",
"Regional Council of Auvergne"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Vulcania<\e1> and <e2>Regional Council of Auvergne<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,389 |
[
"Vulcania",
"owned by",
"Regional Council of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Vulcania<\e1> and <e2>Regional Council of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,390 |
[
"Titii",
"founded by",
"Romulus"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Titii<\e1> and <e2>Romulus<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,391 |
[
"Titii",
"founded by",
"Titus Tatius"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Titii<\e1> and <e2>Titus Tatius<\e2>.
Origins
There are two versions of how the college was established. One credits Titus Tatius with creating the college to superintend and preserve the Titienses, one of the three original tribes (tribus) in the Regal period, which may have represented the Italic tribe of Sabines. The other says that Romulus created it in honour of king Tatius, who after his death was worshipped as a god. | founded by | 33,746 | 101,392 |
[
"Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Vatican City)",
"founded by",
"Benedict XVI"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Vatican City)<\e1> and <e2>Benedict XVI<\e2>.
The Supervisory and Financial Information Authority (Italian: Autorità di Vigilanza e Informazione Finanziaria, or ASIF), formerly known as the Financial Intelligence Authority (Italian: Autorità di Informazione Finanziaria, or AIF) is an institution connected to the Holy See and a canonical and Vatican civil juridic person established by Pope Benedict XVI on 30 December 2010. The first lay person to serve as president of the AIF was René Brülhart. | founded by | 33,747 | 101,393 |
[
"Helmut Schmidt University",
"founded by",
"Helmut Schmidt"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Helmut Schmidt University<\e1> and <e2>Helmut Schmidt<\e2>.
The Helmut Schmidt University (German: Helmut-Schmidt-Universität), located in Hamburg, Germany, is a German military educational establishment that was founded in 1973 at the initiative of the then-Federal Minister of Defence, Helmut Schmidt. Originally known as the "University of the Bundeswehr Hamburg" (Universität der Bundeswehr), its complete official name today is "Helmut-Schmidt-Universität/Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg". Teaching first started in Autumn of 1973. It is one of two universities that were established by the Bundeswehr to train and educate its future and existing officers.
In general, it is accessible only to officers and officer candidates of the Bundeswehr, hence its original name. However, since it started teaching, there have been cooperation agreements with allied countries, on the basis of which a handful of selected officers from these states have been able to study in Hamburg.
Since 2002 there has been a small number of civilian students at the university. A prerequisite for studying as a civilian at the Helmut Schmidt University is a business scholarship. These scholarships are usually awarded by foundations with close relationships to industry – thus, these students are at least indirectly being supported by their future employer, usually large companies. As of 2022 tuition costs are currently 2941 euros (humanities), 4403 euros (economics) or 3423 euros (engineering) per academic term.Academic degrees and titles obtained at HSU are equivalent to those awarded by state universities and are equally valid, since the courses comply with the requirements of Hamburg's higher education legislation. The university is authorised to confer habilitations and doctoral degrees. | founded by | 33,748 | 101,394 |
[
"Roslyn (compiler)",
"founded by",
"Microsoft"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Roslyn (compiler)<\e1> and <e2>Microsoft<\e2>.
.NET Compiler Platform, also known by its codename Roslyn, is a set of open-source compilers and code analysis APIs for C# and Visual Basic (VB.NET) languages from Microsoft.The project notably includes self-hosting versions of the C# and VB.NET compilers – compilers written in the languages themselves. The compilers are available via the traditional command-line programs but also as APIs available natively from within .NET code. Roslyn exposes modules for syntactic (lexical) analysis of code, semantic analysis, dynamic compilation to CIL, and code emission.Compilers for the C# and Visual Basic languages exposed as services via APIs.
APIs for code analysis and refactoring. | founded by | 33,749 | 101,396 |
[
"Azad Hind",
"founded by",
"Subhas Chandra Bose"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Azad Hind<\e1> and <e2>Subhas Chandra Bose<\e2>.
Establishment
The direct origins of Azad Hind can be linked to two conferences of Indian expatriates from across Southeast Asia, the first of which was held in Tokyo in March 1942. At this conference, convened by Rash Behari Bose, an Indian expatriate living in Japan, the Indian Independence League was established as the first move towards an independent Indian state politically aligned with the Empire of Japan. Rash also moved to create a sort of independence army that would assist in driving the British from India – this force would later become the Indian National Army. The second conference, held later that year in Bangkok, invited Subhas Chandra Bose to participate in the leadership of the League. Bose was living in Germany at the time and made the trip to Japan via submarine.Rash Behari Bose, who was already ageing by the time the League was founded, struggled to keep the League organised and failed to secure resources for the establishment of the Indian National Army. He was replaced as president of the Indian Independence League by Subhas Chandra Bose; there is some controversy as to whether he stepped down of his own volition or by pressure from the Japanese who needed a more energetic and focused presence leading the Indian nationalists.Bose arrived in Tokyo on 13 June 1943 and declared his intent to make an assault against the eastern provinces of India in an attempt to oust the British from control of the subcontinent. Bose arrived in Singapore on 2 July, and in October 1943 formally announced the establishment of the Provisional Government of Free India at the Cathay Cinema Hall. In defining the tasks of this new political establishment, Subhas declared: "It will be the task of the Provisional Government to launch and conduct the struggle that will bring about the expulsion of the British and their allies from the soil of India." Bose, taking formal command of the demoralised and undermanned Indian National Army from Rash Bose, turned it into a professional army with the help of the Japanese. He recruited Indian civilians living in Japanese-occupied territories of South-east Asia and incorporated vast numbers of Indian POWs from British forces in Singapore, Malaya and Hong Kong to man the brigades of the INA. | founded by | 33,750 | 101,397 |
[
"THX",
"founded by",
"George Lucas"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>THX<\e1> and <e2>George Lucas<\e2>.
THX is a suite of high fidelity audiovisual reproduction standards for movie theaters, screening rooms, home theaters, computer speakers, video game consoles, car audio systems, and video games. The THX trailer that precedes movies is based on the Deep Note, with a distinctive glissando up from a rumbling low pitch.
THX was developed by Tomlinson Holman at George Lucas's company Lucasfilm in 1983 to ensure that the soundtrack for the third Star Wars film, Return of the Jedi, would be accurately reproduced in the best venues. THX was named after Holman's initials, with the "X" standing for "crossover" or "experiment". The name is also an homage to Lucas's first film, THX 1138 (1971). Deep Note was created by Holman's co-worker James A. Moorer. THX Ltd. was founded on May 20, 1983 by Lucas and Holman, and headquartered in San Francisco, California.
THX is a quality assurance system, not a recording technology. All sound recording formats, whether digital (Dolby Digital, DTS, SDDS) or analog (Dolby Stereo, Ultra Stereo), can be reproduced in a THX system. THX-certified theaters provide a high-quality, predictable playback environment to ensure that any film soundtrack mixed in THX will sound as near as possible to the intentions of the mixing engineer. THX also provides certified theaters with a special crossover circuit whose use is part of the standard. Certification of an auditorium entails specific acoustic and other technical requirements; architectural requirements include a floating floor, baffled and acoustically treated walls, non-parallel walls (to reduce standing waves), a perforated screen (to allow center channel continuity), and NC30 rating for background noise ("ensures noise from air conditioning units and projection equipment does not mask the subtle effects in a movie's soundtrack").On June 12, 2002, THX was spun off as a separate company from Lucasfilm and sold to sound card manufacturer Creative Technology Limited, which held a 60% share of the company. Under Creative Technology, the company developed several further innovations, such as the first THX-certified audio card for computers, the Sound Blaster Audigy 2. In 2016, THX was acquired by video game hardware company Razer Inc. | founded by | 33,751 | 101,400 |
[
"THX",
"founded by",
"Tomlinson Holman"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>THX<\e1> and <e2>Tomlinson Holman<\e2>.
THX is a suite of high fidelity audiovisual reproduction standards for movie theaters, screening rooms, home theaters, computer speakers, video game consoles, car audio systems, and video games. The THX trailer that precedes movies is based on the Deep Note, with a distinctive glissando up from a rumbling low pitch.
THX was developed by Tomlinson Holman at George Lucas's company Lucasfilm in 1983 to ensure that the soundtrack for the third Star Wars film, Return of the Jedi, would be accurately reproduced in the best venues. THX was named after Holman's initials, with the "X" standing for "crossover" or "experiment". The name is also an homage to Lucas's first film, THX 1138 (1971). Deep Note was created by Holman's co-worker James A. Moorer. THX Ltd. was founded on May 20, 1983 by Lucas and Holman, and headquartered in San Francisco, California.
THX is a quality assurance system, not a recording technology. All sound recording formats, whether digital (Dolby Digital, DTS, SDDS) or analog (Dolby Stereo, Ultra Stereo), can be reproduced in a THX system. THX-certified theaters provide a high-quality, predictable playback environment to ensure that any film soundtrack mixed in THX will sound as near as possible to the intentions of the mixing engineer. THX also provides certified theaters with a special crossover circuit whose use is part of the standard. Certification of an auditorium entails specific acoustic and other technical requirements; architectural requirements include a floating floor, baffled and acoustically treated walls, non-parallel walls (to reduce standing waves), a perforated screen (to allow center channel continuity), and NC30 rating for background noise ("ensures noise from air conditioning units and projection equipment does not mask the subtle effects in a movie's soundtrack").On June 12, 2002, THX was spun off as a separate company from Lucasfilm and sold to sound card manufacturer Creative Technology Limited, which held a 60% share of the company. Under Creative Technology, the company developed several further innovations, such as the first THX-certified audio card for computers, the Sound Blaster Audigy 2. In 2016, THX was acquired by video game hardware company Razer Inc. | founded by | 33,751 | 101,401 |
[
"Flickr",
"founded by",
"Caterina Fake"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Flickr<\e1> and <e2>Caterina Fake<\e2>.
History
Flickr was launched on February 10, 2004 by Ludicorp, a Vancouver-based company founded by Stewart Butterfield and Caterina Fake. The service emerged from tools originally created for Ludicorp's Game Neverending, a web-based massively multiplayer online game. Flickr proved a more feasible project, and ultimately Game Neverending was shelved, Butterfield later launched a similar online game, Glitch, which was shut down on November 14, 2012.Early versions of Flickr focused on a chat room called FlickrLive, with real-time photo exchange capabilities. The successive evolutions focused more on the uploading and filing back-end for individual users and the chat room was buried in the site map. It was eventually dropped as Flickr's back-end systems evolved away from Game Neverending's codebase. Key features of Flickr not initially present are tags, marking photos as favorites, group photo pools and interestingness, for which a patent was granted.In addition to being a popular website for users to share and embed personal photographs and an online community, in 2004, the service was widely used by photo researchers and by bloggers to host images that they embed in blogs and social media.Yahoo! acquired Ludicorp and Flickr on March 20, 2005. The acquisition reportedly cost $22 million to $25 million. During the week of June 26, 2005 to July 2, 2005, all content was migrated from servers in Canada to servers in the United States, and all resulting data became subject to United States federal law. On May 3, 2007, Yahoo! announced that Yahoo! Photos would close down on September 20, 2007, after which all photos would be deleted; users were encouraged to migrate to Flickr. On January 31, 2007, Flickr announced that "Old Skool" members (those who had joined before the Yahoo! acquisition) would be required to associate their account with a Yahoo! identity by March 15, 2007 to continue using the service. This move was criticized by some users.Flickr upgraded its services from "beta" to "gamma" status on May 16, 2006, the changes attracted positive attention from Lifehacker. On December 13, 2006, upload limits on free accounts were increased to 100 MB a month (from 20 MB) and were removed from Flickr Pro accounts, which originally had a 2 GB per month limit. On April 9, 2008, Flickr began allowing paid subscribers to upload videos, limited to 90 seconds in length and 150 MB in size. On March 2, 2009, Flickr added the facility to upload and view HD videos, and began allowing free users to upload normal-resolution video. At the same time, the set limit for free accounts was lifted. In 2009, Flickr announced a partnership with Getty Images in which selected users could submit photographs for stock photography usage and receive payment. On June 16, 2010, this was changed so that users could label images as suitable for stock use themselves.
On May 20, 2013, Flickr launched the first stage of a major site redesign, introducing a "Justified View" close-spaced photo layout browsed via "infinite scrolling" and adding new features, including one terabyte of free storage for all users, a scrolling home page (mainly of contacts photos and comments) and updated Android app. The Justified View is paginated between 72 and 360 photos per page but unpaginated in search result presentation. Tech Radar described the new style Flickr as representing a "sea change" in its purpose. Many users criticized the changes, and the site's help forum received thousands of negative comments. On March 25, 2014, Flickr's New Photo Experience, a user interface redesign, left beta.On May 7, 2015, Yahoo! overhauled the site, adding a revamped Camera Roll, a new way to upload photos and upgraded the site's apps. The new Uploadr application was made available for Macs, Windows and mobile devices.In early May 2019, SmugMug announced the migration of Flickr data - 100+ million accounts and billions of photos and videos - from former owner Yahoo's servers to Amazon Web Services (AWS) in a planned 12-hour transition on May 22, 2019.In May 2023, Flickr announced the development of the Print Shop feature that is currently being tested with a list of approved sellers. The Print shop feature will allow photographers to sell prints via a storefront and allow purchases from consumers. The feature was announced to only allow approved members access to this feature, however the criteria for this is yet to be announced. | founded by | 33,752 | 101,403 |
[
"Flickr",
"founded by",
"Stewart Butterfield"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Flickr<\e1> and <e2>Stewart Butterfield<\e2>.
History
Flickr was launched on February 10, 2004 by Ludicorp, a Vancouver-based company founded by Stewart Butterfield and Caterina Fake. The service emerged from tools originally created for Ludicorp's Game Neverending, a web-based massively multiplayer online game. Flickr proved a more feasible project, and ultimately Game Neverending was shelved, Butterfield later launched a similar online game, Glitch, which was shut down on November 14, 2012.Early versions of Flickr focused on a chat room called FlickrLive, with real-time photo exchange capabilities. The successive evolutions focused more on the uploading and filing back-end for individual users and the chat room was buried in the site map. It was eventually dropped as Flickr's back-end systems evolved away from Game Neverending's codebase. Key features of Flickr not initially present are tags, marking photos as favorites, group photo pools and interestingness, for which a patent was granted.In addition to being a popular website for users to share and embed personal photographs and an online community, in 2004, the service was widely used by photo researchers and by bloggers to host images that they embed in blogs and social media.Yahoo! acquired Ludicorp and Flickr on March 20, 2005. The acquisition reportedly cost $22 million to $25 million. During the week of June 26, 2005 to July 2, 2005, all content was migrated from servers in Canada to servers in the United States, and all resulting data became subject to United States federal law. On May 3, 2007, Yahoo! announced that Yahoo! Photos would close down on September 20, 2007, after which all photos would be deleted; users were encouraged to migrate to Flickr. On January 31, 2007, Flickr announced that "Old Skool" members (those who had joined before the Yahoo! acquisition) would be required to associate their account with a Yahoo! identity by March 15, 2007 to continue using the service. This move was criticized by some users.Flickr upgraded its services from "beta" to "gamma" status on May 16, 2006, the changes attracted positive attention from Lifehacker. On December 13, 2006, upload limits on free accounts were increased to 100 MB a month (from 20 MB) and were removed from Flickr Pro accounts, which originally had a 2 GB per month limit. On April 9, 2008, Flickr began allowing paid subscribers to upload videos, limited to 90 seconds in length and 150 MB in size. On March 2, 2009, Flickr added the facility to upload and view HD videos, and began allowing free users to upload normal-resolution video. At the same time, the set limit for free accounts was lifted. In 2009, Flickr announced a partnership with Getty Images in which selected users could submit photographs for stock photography usage and receive payment. On June 16, 2010, this was changed so that users could label images as suitable for stock use themselves.
On May 20, 2013, Flickr launched the first stage of a major site redesign, introducing a "Justified View" close-spaced photo layout browsed via "infinite scrolling" and adding new features, including one terabyte of free storage for all users, a scrolling home page (mainly of contacts photos and comments) and updated Android app. The Justified View is paginated between 72 and 360 photos per page but unpaginated in search result presentation. Tech Radar described the new style Flickr as representing a "sea change" in its purpose. Many users criticized the changes, and the site's help forum received thousands of negative comments. On March 25, 2014, Flickr's New Photo Experience, a user interface redesign, left beta.On May 7, 2015, Yahoo! overhauled the site, adding a revamped Camera Roll, a new way to upload photos and upgraded the site's apps. The new Uploadr application was made available for Macs, Windows and mobile devices.In early May 2019, SmugMug announced the migration of Flickr data - 100+ million accounts and billions of photos and videos - from former owner Yahoo's servers to Amazon Web Services (AWS) in a planned 12-hour transition on May 22, 2019.In May 2023, Flickr announced the development of the Print Shop feature that is currently being tested with a list of approved sellers. The Print shop feature will allow photographers to sell prints via a storefront and allow purchases from consumers. The feature was announced to only allow approved members access to this feature, however the criteria for this is yet to be announced. | founded by | 33,752 | 101,404 |
[
"Crufts",
"founded by",
"The Kennel Club"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Crufts<\e1> and <e2>The Kennel Club<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,408 |
[
"Crufts",
"founded by",
"Charles Cruft"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Crufts<\e1> and <e2>Charles Cruft<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,409 |
[
"Quds Day",
"founded by",
"Ruhollah Khomeini"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Quds Day<\e1> and <e2>Ruhollah Khomeini<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,410 |
[
"Genetics",
"founded by",
"Gregor Mendel"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Genetics<\e1> and <e2>Gregor Mendel<\e2>.
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring over time. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.
Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded to study the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the context of a population. Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including molecular genetics, epigenetics and population genetics. Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya).
Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture. The intracellular or extracellular environment of a living cell or organism may increase or decrease gene transcription. A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate (lacking sufficient waterfall or rain). While the average height of the two corn stalks may be genetically determined to be equal, the one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment. | founded by | 33,753 | 101,411 |
[
"Genetics",
"founded by",
"Carl Correns"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Genetics<\e1> and <e2>Carl Correns<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,412 |
[
"Genetics",
"founded by",
"Erich von Tschermak"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Genetics<\e1> and <e2>Erich von Tschermak<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,413 |
[
"Genetics",
"founded by",
"Hugo Marie de Vries"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Genetics<\e1> and <e2>Hugo Marie de Vries<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,414 |
[
"Osnabrück",
"founded by",
"Charlemagne"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Osnabrück<\e1> and <e2>Charlemagne<\e2>.
Osnabrück (German pronunciation: [ɔsnaˈbʁʏk] (listen); Westphalian: Ossenbrügge; archaic Osnaburg) is a city in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is situated on the river Hase in a valley penned between the Wiehen Hills and the northern tip of the Teutoburg Forest. With a population of 168,145 Osnabrück is one of the four largest cities in Lower Saxony. The city is the centrepoint of the Osnabrück Land region as well as the District of Osnabrück.The founding of Osnabrück was linked to its positioning on important European trading routes. Charlemagne founded the Diocese of Osnabrück in 780. The city was also a member of the Hanseatic League. At the end of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), one of the treaties comprising the Peace of Westphalia was negotiated in Osnabrück (the other being in nearby Münster). In recognition of its role as the site of negotiations, Osnabrück later adopted the title Friedensstadt ("city of peace"). The city is also known as the birthplace of anti-war novelist Erich-Maria Remarque and painter Felix Nussbaum.
More recently Osnabrück has become well known for its industry. Numerous companies in the automobile, paper, steel and grocery sectors are located in the city and its surrounding area. In spite of the massive destruction inflicted on the city during World War II, the Altstadt (old town) was eventually reconstructed extensively with designs loyal to the original medieval architecture there. Osnabrück was also the home of the largest British garrison outside the United Kingdom. Osnabrück's modern, urban image is enhanced by the presence of more than 22,000 students studying at the University and the University of Applied Sciences. Although part of the state of Lower Saxony, historically, culturally and linguistically Osnabrück is considered part of the region of Westphalia. | founded by | 33,754 | 101,423 |
[
"Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State",
"founded by",
"Pius XII"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State<\e1> and <e2>Pius XII<\e2>.
The Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State (Latin: Pontificia Commissio pro Civitate Vaticana, Italian: Pontificia Commissione per lo Stato della Città del Vaticano;) is the legislative body of Vatican City. It consists of a president, who also holds the title of President of the Governorate of Vatican City State which serves as the head of government of Vatican City, and six other cardinals appointed by the Pope for five-year terms.The Pontifical Commission was created in 1939 by Pius XII. Laws and regulations proposed by the Commission must be submitted to the Pope through the Secretariat of State prior to being made public and taking effect. Laws, regulations, and instructions enacted by the Commission are published in the Acta Apostolicae Sedis. | founded by | 33,756 | 101,425 |
[
"Pontifical Oriental Institute",
"founded by",
"Benedict XV"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Pontifical Oriental Institute<\e1> and <e2>Benedict XV<\e2>.
The Pontifical Oriental Institute, also known as the Orientale, is a Catholic institution of higher education located in Rome and focusing on Eastern Christianity.
The plan of creating a school of higher learning for Eastern Christianity had been on the agenda of the Catholic Church since at least Pope Leo XIII, but it was only realized in 1917 by Pope Benedict XV. The Orientale forms part of the consortium of the Pontifical Gregorian University (founded in 1551) and the Pontifical Biblical Institute (founded in 1909), both in Rome. All three institutions are run by the Society of Jesus (Jesuits).
While the Orientale depends on the Holy See, its management is entrusted to the Society of Jesus. Its chancellor is the Prefect of the Congregation for the Eastern Churches and its vice-chancellor is the superior general of the Society of Jesus, while the Congregation for Catholic Education is the dicastery competent for approving the academic programmes of the Orientale. Each year, another approximately 400 scholars visit the library for research purposes.The first 100 years
The Orientale was created as a twin institution to the Congregation for the Eastern Church, whose name would change in 1967 to Congregation for the Eastern Churches. Without the link to this important organ of the Holy See, it would be impossible to grasp the purpose and mission of the Orientale, nor how the Orientale could be founded in the midst of the "useless massacre" of World War I, 1917. The question to which the creation of the Orientale was meant to be the answer had been long in coming. Known as la question d’Orient, the question was first posed after the Ottoman’s humiliating defeat at the hands of the Russians in 1774 (cf. the Treaty of Kutchuk-Kainarji), becoming ever more poignant ever since Napoleon set foot in Egypt in 1798: what was to be done with the millions of Christians under the Ottomans once the Ottoman empire would disappear? The question reached its acme in the Eucharistic Congress of Jerusalem in 1893, when the Eastern Catholic Patriarchs made the grievances of their communities known to the papal legate, Cardinal Benoît Langenieux, who forwarded them to the pope. Leo XIII at once convoked an assembly of Eastern Catholic Patriarchs for the following year (1894), from which emerged the apostolic letter Orientalium dignitas, known as the Magna Charta of the rights of Eastern Catholics.
With the collapse of the Russian empire a reality after the February revolution of 1917 and the demise of the Ottoman empire in sight, the pope decided to act. With the motu proprio regarding the Eastern Congregation, Providentis Dei (1.05.1917), the pope created the Oriental Congregation; with the other motu proprio Orientis catholici(15.10.1917), he created the Orientale. The pope reserved to himself the prefecture of the new Congregation, whose head was therefore only a Secretary, although a cardinal (cfr. canon 257 of the Pio-Benedictine Codex Iuris canonici of 1917 specified precisely this). Already three years after founding the Orientale, Benedict XV granted it, through the apostolic constitution, Quod nobis in condendo, the right to confer degrees. From the start the pope insisted on the necessity of a richly supplied Eastern library to second the study and the research of the Orientale population. | founded by | 33,757 | 101,428 |
[
"Three Principles of the People",
"founded by",
"Sun Yat-sen"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Three Principles of the People<\e1> and <e2>Sun Yat-sen<\e2>.
The Three Principles of the People (Chinese: 三民主義; pinyin: Sān Mín Zhǔyì; also translated as the Three People's Principles, San-min Doctrine, or Tridemism) is a political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen as part of a philosophy to improve China made during the Republican Era. The three principles are often translated into and summarized as nationalism, democracy, and the livelihood of the people (or welfarism). This philosophy has been claimed as the cornerstone of the nation's policy as carried by the Kuomintang (KMT); the principles also appear in the first line of the national anthem of the Republic of China.Mínquán or Governance Rights
The Principle of Mínquán (民權主義, Mínquán Zhǔyì) is usually translated as "democracy"; literally, "the People's power" or "government by the People." To Sun, it represented a Western constitutional government. He divided political life of his ideal for China into two sets of "powers": the power of politics and the power of governance. | founded by | 33,758 | 101,429 |
[
"Walt Disney Studios (Burbank)",
"founded by",
"Walt Disney"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Walt Disney Studios (Burbank)<\e1> and <e2>Walt Disney<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,431 |
[
"Walt Disney Studios (Burbank)",
"founded by",
"Roy O. Disney"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Walt Disney Studios (Burbank)<\e1> and <e2>Roy O. Disney<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,432 |
[
"Freestyle wrestling",
"founded by",
"British Empire"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Freestyle wrestling<\e1> and <e2>British Empire<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,433 |
[
"National School of Sciences and Arts of Cuzco",
"founded by",
"Simón Bolívar"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>National School of Sciences and Arts of Cuzco<\e1> and <e2>Simón Bolívar<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,435 |
[
"Glorioso Colegio Nacional de San Carlos",
"founded by",
"Simón Bolívar"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Glorioso Colegio Nacional de San Carlos<\e1> and <e2>Simón Bolívar<\e2>.
Glorious National School of Saint Charles was created by decree of Simón Bolivar on 7 August 1825 in Puno, Peru.The school situated in the urban radius of the city of Puno and pertaining to the Unit of Local Educational Management Puno (UGEL Puno), according to the Resolution Directoral Number 674-99-DREP, has by code modulate the 0240184 and 441640 by code of school venue.It gives education in the following levels: | founded by | 33,759 | 101,437 |
[
"Duchy of Legnica",
"founded by",
"Henry I the Bearded"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Duchy of Legnica<\e1> and <e2>Henry I the Bearded<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,438 |
[
"Davis Cup",
"founded by",
"Dwight Filley Davis Sr."
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Davis Cup<\e1> and <e2>Dwight Filley Davis Sr.<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,440 |
[
"Davis Cup",
"founded by",
"James Dwight"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Davis Cup<\e1> and <e2>James Dwight<\e2>.
History
The idea for a tournament pitting the best British and Americans in competition against one another was probably first conceived by James Dwight, the first president of the U.S. National Lawn Tennis Association when it formed in 1881. Desperate to assess the development of American players against the renowned British champions, he worked tirelessly to engage British officials in a properly sanctioned match, but failed to do so. He nevertheless tried to entice top international (particularly British) talent to the U.S. and sanctioned semi-official tours of the top American players to Great Britain. Diplomatic relations between Great Britain and the United States on the tennis front had strengthened such that, by the mid-1890s, reciprocal tours were staged annually between players of the two nations, and an ensuing friendship between American William Larned and Irishman Harold Mahony spurred efforts to formalize an official team competition between the two nations.International competitions had been staged for some time before the first Davis Cup match in 1900. From 1892, England and Ireland had been competing in an annual national-team-based competition, similar to what would become the standard Davis Cup format, mixing single and doubles matches, and in 1895 England played against France in a national team competition. During Larned's tour of the British Isles in 1896, where he competed in several tournaments including the Wimbledon Championships, he was also a spectator for the annual England vs. Ireland match.
He returned to exclaim that Britain had agreed to send a group of three to the U.S. the following summer, which would represent the first British lawn tennis "team" to compete in the U.S. Coincidentally, some weeks before Larned left for his British tour, the idea for an international competition was discussed also between leading figures in American lawn tennis—one of whom was tennis journalist E.P. Fischer—at a tournament in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. | founded by | 33,760 | 101,441 |
[
"Almedalen Week",
"founded by",
"Olof Palme"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Almedalen Week<\e1> and <e2>Olof Palme<\e2>.
History
The origin of the Almedalen Week was the speeches made by Olof Palme during several summers in Almedalen. He was in Visby because he and his family used to spend their summers at Fårö. It started with an improvised gathering that Palme, then education minister and candidate for the position of party leader for the Social Democratic party, and another party leader candidate, Krister Wickman had on 25 July 1968. Palme made his speech from the back of a flatbed truck at Kruttornet by the Almedalen park. The audience was a couple of hundred people.Because of the origin of the Almedalen Week, Almedalen is sometimes nicknamed "Palmedalen".The first official Almedalen Week took place in 1982, when the Social Democrats started to organise economic seminars. As a response, the other political parties started to take a more active part. The first time all of the major party leaders were present was in 1982.In the middle of the 1980s, the week almost ceased to be. In the summer following the assassination of Olof Palme in 1986, only the Green Party and the Left Party
were present. The rest of the parties expressed that political speeches in Almedalen were too associated with Palme as a person. Ingvar Carlsson, who became prime minister after Palme's death, said that he chose to hold his speeches at other locations in Visby during the following years out of respect for Palme. He only started speaking in Almedalen after having been persuaded to do so by Palme's widow, Lisbet Palme. | founded by | 33,761 | 101,443 |
[
"CupNoodles Museum Osaka Ikeda",
"founded by",
"Nissin Food Products"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>CupNoodles Museum Osaka Ikeda<\e1> and <e2>Nissin Food Products<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,444 |
[
"Jagiellonian tapestries",
"founded by",
"Sigismund II Augustus"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Jagiellonian tapestries<\e1> and <e2>Sigismund II Augustus<\e2>.
History and components
The first tapestries were brought by Queen Bona Sforza as her wedding dowry. Then in 1526 and 1533, Sigismund I the Old ordered 108 fabrics in Antwerp and Bruges. Most of the tapestries, however, were commissioned by king Sigismund II Augustus in Brussels in the workshops of Willem and Jan de Kempeneer, Jan van Tieghem and Nicolas Leyniers between 1550-1565. Initially, there were about 170 tapestries in the royal collection, among them 84 black-and-white tapestries with the royal crest and the letters SA, 8 tapestries which Sigismund I the Old had been received from the Emperor Maximilian I, and others, gifts from foreign delegations. The gifts include one tapestry with the Polish eagle bearing the date 1560, the royal initials and the letters CKCH (Christophorus Krupski Capitaneus Horodlo) next to the Korczak coat of arms and the inscription SCABELLVM PEDVM TVORVM (the footstool under your feet, from Psalm 110 (A Psalm of David)), a gift from Krzysztof Krupski, starost of Horodło for Sigismund Augustus. The tapestries had been displayed publicly for the first time during the wedding of king Sigismund Augustus with Catherine of Austria. To this day, preserved about 138 of which exposed are about 30. They were matched in size to the walls and some of them reach the size of 5 × 9 m (5.47 × 9.84 yd). The tapestries were made of wool strands, silk and gold and woven on looms with a density of about 8 - 10 warp threads per centimeter.
This series consists of the following subjects: | founded by | 33,763 | 101,446 |
[
"Atatürk's Main Principles",
"founded by",
"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Atatürk's Main Principles<\e1> and <e2>Mustafa Kemal Atatürk<\e2>.
Atatürk's Principles consist of six principles that determine the pragmatic policies of Turkey's first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, which he put into effect under his administration. These principles came to be the fundamental pillars of the Republican People's Party, the founding and sole party of the country, on 13 May 1935. Later, the principles were added to the 1924 Constitution with a law enacted in 1937 and thus became the national ideology of Turkey with this practice.Basic Principles
Republicanism
Republic: A government in which the sovereignty belongs to the people. A republic is a form of democracy, and it is a regime in which the people have a say in the administration. Republicanism (Turkish: Cumhuriyetçilik), on the other hand, means the presence of the Republic in the state administration. It comes from the word "cumhur", which means people in Arabic.
Atatürk's view on Republicanism: "The administration most suitable for the character and customs of the Turkish nation".The republican administration has been added to the Turkish constitution since 1923 and is the first article of the constitution. In the second article of the constitution, the characteristics of the republic are stated and are: "Turkey is a democratic, secular and social state of law, respectful of human rights, loyal to Atatürk's nationalism.Atatürk adopted a democratic republic in Turkey. Regarding this, he said, "The full and most obvious form of democracy is the republic". At the same time, Atatürk entrusted the republic to the Turkish youth and tried to ensure that the country was in constant renewal, industrialization, and modernization. | founded by | 33,764 | 101,448 |
[
"Yandex Maps",
"founded by",
"Yandex"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Yandex Maps<\e1> and <e2>Yandex<\e2>.
Yandex Maps (Russian: Яндекс Карты, tr. Yandeks Karty) is a Russian web mapping service developed by Yandex. The service provides detailed maps of the whole world, directions and estimated times of arrival for driving, walking, cycling, kick scooter, and public transportation navigation. It includes a search, information about traffic jams, routing and street panoramas. The service was launched in 2004.Yandex Maps is the most popular cartographic service in Russia. It has about 11.5 million users in Russia per month, and over 20 million worldwide. | founded by | 33,691 | 101,449 |
[
"Yandex Maps",
"owned by",
"Yandex"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Yandex Maps<\e1> and <e2>Yandex<\e2>.
Yandex Maps (Russian: Яндекс Карты, tr. Yandeks Karty) is a Russian web mapping service developed by Yandex. The service provides detailed maps of the whole world, directions and estimated times of arrival for driving, walking, cycling, kick scooter, and public transportation navigation. It includes a search, information about traffic jams, routing and street panoramas. The service was launched in 2004.Yandex Maps is the most popular cartographic service in Russia. It has about 11.5 million users in Russia per month, and over 20 million worldwide.Features
The service initially had maps only of Russia and Ukraine, but now includes world maps. Detailed maps were initially provided for Moscow, Saint Petersburg and Kyiv. Originally, the program could not be used to search for addresses but only establishments.Maps are available in four versions: maps, satellite images, satellite images with captions, and legend (hybrid).
Users can measure distance and get directions by dragging between spots on a map. The search is available by both geographical objects (addresses, streets, cities, regions and countries) and by organizations. The illumination of the district, city or region is available after searching the organization on the site.
Yandex Maps has a mobile application for iOS, Android and Windows phones. | owned by | 33,765 | 101,450 |
[
"Yandex Disk",
"founded by",
"Yandex"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Yandex Disk<\e1> and <e2>Yandex<\e2>.
Yandex.Disk (Russian: Яндекс.Диск, tr. Yandeks.Disk) is a cloud service created by Yandex that lets users store files on “cloud” servers and share them with others online. The service is based on syncing data between different devices. Yandex.Disk was launched in English in June 2012. | founded by | 33,766 | 101,451 |
[
"YooMoney",
"founded by",
"Yandex"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>YooMoney<\e1> and <e2>Yandex<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,454 |
[
"YooMoney",
"owned by",
"Yandex"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>YooMoney<\e1> and <e2>Yandex<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,455 |
[
"YooMoney",
"owned by",
"Sberbank of Russia"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>YooMoney<\e1> and <e2>Sberbank of Russia<\e2>.
YooMoney branded as ЮMoney, formerly known as Yandex.Money (Russian: Яндекс.Деньги), is Russia's second largest electronic payment service after "Sberbank Online" according to a 2020 research by Mediascope. It is an online payment service that works with two types of clients — individual users and merchants.
The service was originally a joint venture of Russia's leading search engine Yandex (NASDAQ: YNDX), and Russia's largest bank Sberbank. Currently, Sberbank owns a 100% stake in the company. The program launched in 2002. With new stakeholders, Yandex.Money obtained access to a broad payment infrastructure of Sberbank including ATMs, terminals and online banking.
According to a June 2015 public opinion survey conducted by TNS, 92 percent of Russians are familiar with the service, and 44 percent regularly use Yandex.Money to make payments.The company's headquarters are in Moscow, Russia. It has branch offices in Saint Petersburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Ivan Glazachev is Yandex.Money Chief Executive Officer. He became the head of the company on 1 March 2017. | owned by | 33,767 | 101,456 |
[
"Yelü",
"founded by",
"Emperor Taizu of Liao"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Yelü<\e1> and <e2>Emperor Taizu of Liao<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,458 |
[
"Google Summer of Code",
"founded by",
"Larry Page"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Google Summer of Code<\e1> and <e2>Larry Page<\e2>.
The Google Summer of Code, often abbreviated to GSoC, is an international annual program in which Google awards stipends to contributors who successfully complete a free and open-source software coding project during the summer. As of 2022, the program is open to anyone aged 18 or over, no longer just students and recent graduates. It was first held from May to August 2005. Participants get paid to write software, with the amount of their stipend depending on the purchasing power parity of the country where they are located. Project ideas are listed by host organizations involved in open-source software development, though students can also propose their own project ideas.
The idea for the Summer of Code came directly from Google's founders, Sergey Brin and Larry Page. From 2007 until 2009 Leslie Hawthorn, who has been involved in the project since 2006, was the program manager. From 2010 until 2015, Carol Smith was the program manager. In 2016, Stephanie Taylor took over management of the program. | founded by | 33,768 | 101,459 |
[
"Google Summer of Code",
"founded by",
"Sergey Brin"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Google Summer of Code<\e1> and <e2>Sergey Brin<\e2>.
The Google Summer of Code, often abbreviated to GSoC, is an international annual program in which Google awards stipends to contributors who successfully complete a free and open-source software coding project during the summer. As of 2022, the program is open to anyone aged 18 or over, no longer just students and recent graduates. It was first held from May to August 2005. Participants get paid to write software, with the amount of their stipend depending on the purchasing power parity of the country where they are located. Project ideas are listed by host organizations involved in open-source software development, though students can also propose their own project ideas.
The idea for the Summer of Code came directly from Google's founders, Sergey Brin and Larry Page. From 2007 until 2009 Leslie Hawthorn, who has been involved in the project since 2006, was the program manager. From 2010 until 2015, Carol Smith was the program manager. In 2016, Stephanie Taylor took over management of the program. | founded by | 33,768 | 101,460 |
[
"Christ Church Cathedral School",
"founded by",
"Henry VIII of England"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Christ Church Cathedral School<\e1> and <e2>Henry VIII of England<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,461 |
[
"Brownsea Castle",
"founded by",
"Henry VIII of England"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Brownsea Castle<\e1> and <e2>Henry VIII of England<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,462 |
[
"Brewster Jennings & Associates",
"founded by",
"Central Intelligence Agency"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Brewster Jennings & Associates<\e1> and <e2>Central Intelligence Agency<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,463 |
[
"Mir (software)",
"founded by",
"Canonical Group Limited"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Mir (software)<\e1> and <e2>Canonical Group Limited<\e2>.
Mir is a computer display server and, recently, a Wayland compositor for the Linux operating system that is under development by Canonical Ltd. It was planned to replace the currently used X Window System for Ubuntu; however, the plan changed and Mutter was adopted as part of GNOME Shell.
Mir was announced by Canonical on 4 March 2013 as part of the development of Unity 8, intended as the next generation for the Unity user interface. Four years later Unity 8 was dropped although Mir's development continued for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. | founded by | 33,769 | 101,464 |
[
"Nahal",
"founded by",
"David Ben-Gurion"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Nahal<\e1> and <e2>David Ben-Gurion<\e2>.
The Orthodox Nahal
Under the Nahal framework, there is now also a route in which soldiers who originate from the Jewish ultra-Orthodox sector could join. They serve for two years in the 97th battalion of the Kfir Brigade, and in addition they go to a one-year school in order to complete their studies and get a matriculation certificate or in order to get a profession.
Israel's first Prime Minister, David Ben-Gurion, established the Nahal program in 1949. | founded by | 33,771 | 101,467 |
[
"English Reformation",
"founded by",
"Henry VIII of England"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>English Reformation<\e1> and <e2>Henry VIII of England<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,468 |
[
"BlueNext",
"founded by",
"NYSE Euronext Liffe"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>BlueNext<\e1> and <e2>NYSE Euronext Liffe<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,470 |
[
"BlueNext",
"owned by",
"NYSE Euronext Liffe"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>BlueNext<\e1> and <e2>NYSE Euronext Liffe<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,471 |
[
"Metropolitanate of Kyiv",
"founded by",
"Vladimir the Great"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Metropolitanate of Kyiv<\e1> and <e2>Vladimir the Great<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,472 |
[
"Java Media Framework",
"founded by",
"Sun Microsystems"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Java Media Framework<\e1> and <e2>Sun Microsystems<\e2>.
Versions and licensing
An initial, playback-only version of JMF was developed by Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, and Intel, and released as JMF 1.0 in 1997. JMF 2.0, developed by Sun and IBM, came out in 1999 and added capture, streaming, pluggable codecs, and transcoding. JMF is branded as part of Sun's "Desktop" technology of J2SE opposed to the Java server-side and client-side application frameworks. The notable exceptions are Java applets and Java Web Start, which have access to the full JMF in the web browser's or appletviewer's underlying JRE.JMF 2.0 originally shipped with an MP3 decoder and encoder. This was removed in 2002, and a new MP3 playback-only plug-in was posted in 2004.
JMF binaries are available under a custom license, and the source is available under the SCSL.
The current version ships with four JAR files, and shell scripts to launch four JMF-based applications: | founded by | 33,772 | 101,473 |
[
"UTE",
"owned by",
"Uruguay"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>UTE<\e1> and <e2>Uruguay<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,474 |
[
"UTE",
"founded by",
"JBO"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>UTE<\e1> and <e2>JBO<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,475 |
[
"Trans Europ Express",
"founded by",
"SNCF"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Trans Europ Express<\e1> and <e2>SNCF<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,476 |
[
"Trans Europ Express",
"owned by",
"SNCF"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Trans Europ Express<\e1> and <e2>SNCF<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,477 |
[
"I Am Other",
"founded by",
"Pharrell Williams"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>I Am Other<\e1> and <e2>Pharrell Williams<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,479 |
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