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stringlengths 56
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[
"Orleans Collection",
"owned by",
"Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Orleans Collection<\e1> and <e2>Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,350 |
[
"Translatewiki.net",
"founded by",
"Niklas Laxström"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Translatewiki.net<\e1> and <e2>Niklas Laxström<\e2>.
History
Translatewiki.net was made available by Niklas Laxström as localisation platform for all languages of MediaWiki around June 2006.Besides translation, it was developed with the characteristics of an integrated development environment for MediaWiki (Nukawiki in 2005), with a focus on improvement of internationalisation features.At the end of 2007 Siebrand Mazeland joined the management of the website, which was moved to the current domain translatewiki.net.
In April 2008, it already supported over 100 languages for MediaWiki and 200 of its extensions, "making it one of the most translated software projects ever", as well as FreeCol. Since then, while being an independent volunteer project, it has been recognised as a major player in the global success of MediaWiki and the Wikimedia projects powered by it, like Wikipedia, in over 280 languages.
In 2009 it was improved by a Google Summer of Code project by Niklas Laxström.
In 2011 proofreading features were introduced.
In 2012, its translation memory engine expanded to all Wikimedia projects using Translate.In 2013, the Translate platform underwent a major revamp through the "Translate User eXperience" project, or "TUX", including "changes in navigation, editor look and feel, translation area, filters, search, and color & style". | founded by | 33,358 | 99,382 |
[
"Extinction Rebellion",
"founded by",
"Gail Bradbrook"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Extinction Rebellion<\e1> and <e2>Gail Bradbrook<\e2>.
History
Extinction Rebellion originated in the United Kingdom at a meeting of activists including Gail Bradbrook, Roger Hallam and Simon Bramwell in April 2018, at which they drew up a number of goals. About one hundred academics signed a call to action in their support in October 2018, and XR was launched on 31 October by Hallam, Bradbrook, Simon Bramwell, and other activists from the campaign group Rising Up!Grassroots movements such as those of Occupy, Gandhi's Satyagraha, the suffragettes, Gene Sharp, Martin Luther King Jr. and others in the civil rights movement have been cited as sources of inspiration In seeking to rally support worldwide around a common sense of urgency to tackle climate breakdown, reference is also made to Saul Alinsky. His "Pragmatic Primer," Rules for Radicals (1972), is seen as offering insights as to "how we mobilise to cope with emergency", and "strike a balance between disruption and creativity". Roger Hallam has been clear that the strategy of public disruption is "heavily influenced" by the community-organizing tactician: "The essential element here is disruption. Without disruption, no one is going to give you their eyeballs".A number of activists in the movement accept arrest and imprisonment, similar to the mass arrest tactics of the Committee of 100 in 1961.On 9 December 2018, a second open letter of support signed by another hundred academics was published.
Extinction Rebellion has taken a variety of actions since 2018 in the UK, United States, Australia and elsewhere.On 5 October 2021, the group blocked streets in Zurich, Switzerland, demanding that the Swiss government take measures to address climate change in the country.On 4 November 2021, Extinction Rebellion demonstrators blocked the Schlumberger Gould Research Centre in west Cambridge to oppose the research into fossil fuel extraction by an American corporation. The demonstration was scheduled to coincide with the COP26 climate summit in Glasgow, which is focusing on energy.In April 2022, activists from Extinction Rebellion blocked key bridges across London, among them two Olympic athletes. Protestors had been arrested after climbing oil tankers, anchoring themselves to structures, or blocking roads at oil depots. | founded by | 33,359 | 99,385 |
[
"Extinction Rebellion",
"founded by",
"Roger Hallam"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Extinction Rebellion<\e1> and <e2>Roger Hallam<\e2>.
Extinction Rebellion (abbreviated as XR) is a UK-headquartered global environmental movement, with the stated aim of using nonviolent civil disobedience to compel government action to avoid tipping points in the climate system, biodiversity loss, and the risk of social and ecological collapse. Extinction Rebellion was established in Stroud in May 2018 by Gail Bradbrook, Simon Bramwell, and Roger Hallam, along with eight other co-founders from the campaign group Rising Up!Its first major action was to occupy the London Greenpeace offices on 17 October 2018, which was followed by the public launch at the "Declaration of Rebellion" on 31 October 2018 outside the UK Parliament. Earlier that month, about one hundred academics signed a call to action in their support. In November 2018, five bridges across the River Thames in London were blockaded as a protest. In April 2019, Extinction Rebellion occupied five prominent sites in central London: Piccadilly Circus, Oxford Circus, Marble Arch, Waterloo Bridge, and the area around Parliament Square. In August 2021, the Impossible Rebellion targeted London.
Citing inspiration from grassroots movements such as Occupy, the suffragettes, and the civil rights movement, Extinction Rebellion aims to instill a sense of urgency for preventing further "climate breakdown", as well as the ongoing sixth mass extinction. A number of activists in the movement accept arrest and imprisonment, similar to the mass arrest tactics of the Committee of 100 in 1961. The movement uses a stylised, circled hourglass, known as the extinction symbol, to serve as a warning that time is rapidly running out for many species.Extinction Rebellion has been criticised as "environmental fanatics" who risk alienating thousands of potential supporters. Extinction Rebellion's 2019 protests cost the Metropolitan Police an extra £7.5 million. Activists identifying with the movement have also defended causing property damage, such as smashing windows. Extinction Rebellion has said such tactics are sometimes necessary and that they are careful not to put anyone at risk. In a YouGov poll of 3,482 British adults conducted on 15 October 2019, 54% "strongly opposed" or "somewhat opposed" Extinction Rebellion's actions of disrupting roads and public transport to "shut down London" in order to bring attention to their cause, while 36% "strongly supported" or "somewhat supported" these actions. | founded by | 33,360 | 99,386 |
[
"Open Source Ecology",
"founded by",
"Marcin Jakubowski"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Open Source Ecology<\e1> and <e2>Marcin Jakubowski<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,520 |
[
"Shutdown Day",
"founded by",
"Andrey Drygalov"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Shutdown Day<\e1> and <e2>Andrey Drygalov<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,526 |
[
"Shutdown Day",
"founded by",
"Nikolay Kudrevatykh"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Shutdown Day<\e1> and <e2>Nikolay Kudrevatykh<\e2>.
Establishment
Founders
Denis Bystrov and Nikolay Kudrevatykh were the co-founders of Shutdown Day; Bystrov originally conceived the idea of Shutdown Day, and the co-founders developed the concept in 2007, while living in Canada. Michael Taylor, an original partner in the idea of shutting down one's computer down for a day, said: | founded by | 33,390 | 99,527 |
[
"Shutdown Day",
"founded by",
"Michael Taylor"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Shutdown Day<\e1> and <e2>Michael Taylor<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,529 |
[
"National Museum of Cinema",
"founded by",
"Maria Adriana Prolo"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>National Museum of Cinema<\e1> and <e2>Maria Adriana Prolo<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,546 |
[
"Palace of Venaria",
"owned by",
"Italy"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Palace of Venaria<\e1> and <e2>Italy<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,553 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Princess Marianne of the Netherlands"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Princess Marianne of the Netherlands<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,559 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Prince Albert of Prussia"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Prince Albert of Prussia<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,560 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,561 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen<\e2>.
Sachsen Meiningen
In 1843, Princess Marianna, the wife of Prince Albert of Prussia, bought the property for 780,000 lira, ten times the amount paid by Giovanni Sommariva forty years earlier. Emilia Sommariva relocated to a smaller house in Tremezzo, while reserving for herself ownership of the Sommariva family chapel and mausoleum on the grounds of the villa.
In 1847, Princess Marianne gave the property to her daughter Charlotte as a wedding present upon her marriage to Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (1826-1914). The house was re-named Villa Carlotta, however Charlotte enjoyed the villa for only a few years before she died in 1855 at the age of twenty-three of complications from childbirth.
In 1857, the author Ludwig Bechstein wrote a description of the villa which was published as Villa Carlotta. Poetische Reisebilder vom Comersee und aus den lombardisch-venetianischen Landen.
The Sachsen-Meiningens used the property as a private holiday home. While they didn't make substantial changes to the building, they sold part of the art collection that came with the property. Duke Georg, who had a passion for botany, dedicated himself to the development and enrichment of the garden, introducing a great variety of rare and exotic species. The Duke was a patron of the composer Johannes Brahms, who visited the villa at the Duke's invitation several times in the 1880s. Duke Georg died in 1914 at the outbreak of World War I. | owned by | 33,398 | 99,562 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Princess Charlotte Frederica of Prussia"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Princess Charlotte Frederica of Prussia<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,563 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"George II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>George II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen<\e2>.
Sachsen Meiningen
In 1843, Princess Marianna, the wife of Prince Albert of Prussia, bought the property for 780,000 lira, ten times the amount paid by Giovanni Sommariva forty years earlier. Emilia Sommariva relocated to a smaller house in Tremezzo, while reserving for herself ownership of the Sommariva family chapel and mausoleum on the grounds of the villa.
In 1847, Princess Marianne gave the property to her daughter Charlotte as a wedding present upon her marriage to Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (1826-1914). The house was re-named Villa Carlotta, however Charlotte enjoyed the villa for only a few years before she died in 1855 at the age of twenty-three of complications from childbirth.
In 1857, the author Ludwig Bechstein wrote a description of the villa which was published as Villa Carlotta. Poetische Reisebilder vom Comersee und aus den lombardisch-venetianischen Landen.
The Sachsen-Meiningens used the property as a private holiday home. While they didn't make substantial changes to the building, they sold part of the art collection that came with the property. Duke Georg, who had a passion for botany, dedicated himself to the development and enrichment of the garden, introducing a great variety of rare and exotic species. The Duke was a patron of the composer Johannes Brahms, who visited the villa at the Duke's invitation several times in the 1880s. Duke Georg died in 1914 at the outbreak of World War I. | owned by | 33,398 | 99,564 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Giovanni Battista Sommariva"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Giovanni Battista Sommariva<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,566 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Government of Italy"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Government of Italy<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,567 |
[
"Villa Carlotta",
"owned by",
"Clerici"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Villa Carlotta<\e1> and <e2>Clerici<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,568 |
[
"Orto botanico di Pisa",
"founded by",
"Luca Ghini"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Orto botanico di Pisa<\e1> and <e2>Luca Ghini<\e2>.
The Orto botanico di Pisa, also known as the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Pisa, is a botanical garden operated by the University of Pisa, and located at via Luca Ghini 5, Pisa, Italy.
The garden was established in 1544 under Cosimo I de' Medici as the first university botanical garden in Europe, and entrusted to the famous botanist Luca Ghini of Imola. In 1563 the garden was relocated from its original riverside location (now the Medicean Arsenal) to one near the convent of Santa Marta, and in 1591 (under Joseph Goedenhuyze) again moved to its third and current location. From these early times, the garden has contained a gallery of natural objects (now Pisa's Museo di Storia Naturale), a library (now part of the university library), and portraits of its directors throughout the centuries. It also includes one of the earliest iron-framed hothouses built in Italy.
Today the garden is divided into sections containing the botanical school, gardens, ponds, greenhouses, and various buildings. Major collections include herb gardens and arboreta, as well as the old botany institute, built 1591–1595, with a facade ornamented with sea-shells. | founded by | 33,400 | 99,587 |
[
"Orto botanico di Pisa",
"owned by",
"University of Pisa"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Orto botanico di Pisa<\e1> and <e2>University of Pisa<\e2>.
The Orto botanico di Pisa, also known as the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Pisa, is a botanical garden operated by the University of Pisa, and located at via Luca Ghini 5, Pisa, Italy.
The garden was established in 1544 under Cosimo I de' Medici as the first university botanical garden in Europe, and entrusted to the famous botanist Luca Ghini of Imola. In 1563 the garden was relocated from its original riverside location (now the Medicean Arsenal) to one near the convent of Santa Marta, and in 1591 (under Joseph Goedenhuyze) again moved to its third and current location. From these early times, the garden has contained a gallery of natural objects (now Pisa's Museo di Storia Naturale), a library (now part of the university library), and portraits of its directors throughout the centuries. It also includes one of the earliest iron-framed hothouses built in Italy.
Today the garden is divided into sections containing the botanical school, gardens, ponds, greenhouses, and various buildings. Major collections include herb gardens and arboreta, as well as the old botany institute, built 1591–1595, with a facade ornamented with sea-shells. | owned by | 33,400 | 99,588 |
[
"Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics",
"founded by",
"Giovanni Battista Caproni"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Gianni Caproni Museum of Aeronautics<\e1> and <e2>Giovanni Battista Caproni<\e2>.
While the aircraft designer and manufacturer collected the most notable flying machines he had created, among whom we today count several unique specimens – that were thereby saved from assured destruction – his wife gathered documents, relics and, most importantly, artwork related to flight.In 1927, the Caproni Museum was established in Taliedo, not far from Milan, by provisions of the joint will of Gianni and Timina Guasti Caproni. It was Italy's first museum to be entirely dedicated to the topic of aviation, as well as the nation's first corporate museum. The museum's original goal was to preserve the items of historical interest about the development of the Caproni aircraft manufacturing company, but its scope soon came to include every aspect of the history of human flight as well as those facets of art and other disciplines that had an aviation connection.Between June and October 1934, the Italian Aeronautics Exhibition (Esposizione dell'Aeronautica Italiana) was held in Milan. It was organized by a committee (Direttorio ordinatore) with whom Gianni Caproni collaborated by sending four aircraft, displayed at the exhibition's pavilion at the Art Palace (Palazzo dell'Arte); they were the experimental biplanes: Caproni Ca.1 (the first aircraft flown by Caproni) and Ca.6 (exhibited without the fabric covering of its unusual double-cambered wing), the monoplane, Ca.18 military reconnaissance aircraft and the three-engine biplane Ca.36M bomber.The exposition, also featuring an innovative and eye-catching exhibition design, devised by some of the most prominent Italian artists of the time, (among them, the architect Giuseppe Pagano) was a great success. At its closing, Benito Mussolini ordered that the official Regia Aeronautica museum (Museo storico dell'Accademia Aeronautica), which at the time was located in the Palace of Caserta in southern Italy, was to be moved to Milan and merge with the Caproni Museum, becoming the National Aeronautical Museum (Museo Nazionale Aeronautico).The prospect of a unified Italian aviation museum was farsighted, however, it did not materialize. Since the Caproni Museum retained its status as the most important institution of its kind in Italy, it started to evolve towards becoming a general aviation museum in which all types of materials of general aeronautical interest were to be collected. The museum also undertook the responsibility to preserve and properly display such materials. Additionally, the Caproni Museum started its publishing activity in this period; among the volumes published in the 1930s were: Gli aeroplani Caproni, Studi, progetti, realizzazioni 1908–1935 (Caproni aircraft, projects, studies and achievements 1908–1935), Francesco Zambeccari aeronauta (Francesco Zambeccari, aeronaut) and L'aeronautica italiana nell'immagine 1487–1875 (Italian aeronautics in pictures 1487–1875).The Caproni Museum retained its original location just outside Milan, near the company's plants in Taliedo, until after the outbreak of World War II. However, during the first half of the 1930s, the collection had been kept stored in the plants themselves, in locations not environmentally suitable for their preservation and display of the artifacts. After 1935, the necessity of building a permanent, purpose-made exhibition hall became evident; subsequently, one of the large hangars of the Taliedo Airport, close to the factory, was converted to this purpose so that the now rich and important collection of the Caproni Museum could be properly housed. When this new exhibition hall was opened in 1940, the following aircraft were on display: | founded by | 33,402 | 99,595 |
[
"Museo di Palazzo Mocenigo",
"owned by",
"Venice"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Museo di Palazzo Mocenigo<\e1> and <e2>Venice<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,601 |
[
"Jewish Museum of Rome",
"founded by",
"Roman Ghetto"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Jewish Museum of Rome<\e1> and <e2>Roman Ghetto<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,606 |
[
"Rivne Nuclear Power Plant",
"owned by",
"Energoatom"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Rivne Nuclear Power Plant<\e1> and <e2>Energoatom<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,608 |
[
"QEMU",
"founded by",
"Fabrice Bellard"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>QEMU<\e1> and <e2>Fabrice Bellard<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,611 |
[
"OpenStreetMap",
"founded by",
"Steve Coast"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>OpenStreetMap<\e1> and <e2>Steve Coast<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,612 |
[
"Rakuten Mobile Park Miyagi",
"owned by",
"Miyagi Prefecture"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Rakuten Mobile Park Miyagi<\e1> and <e2>Miyagi Prefecture<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,625 |
[
"520 West 41st Street",
"owned by",
"Silverstein Properties"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>520 West 41st Street<\e1> and <e2>Silverstein Properties<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,647 |
[
"Chestnut Residence",
"owned by",
"University of Toronto"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Chestnut Residence<\e1> and <e2>University of Toronto<\e2>.
89 Chestnut Residence is a university residence operated by the University of Toronto, opposite the downtown Toronto DoubleTree hotel (formerly the Metropolitan Hotel) at 89 Chestnut Street. It was converted from the Colony Hotel in 2004 and turned into a student residence to accommodate the incoming double cohort in 2003 and 2004. It is located in downtown Toronto.History
The building was originally constructed by the firm Armstrong and Molesworth as a Motel 11, now a discontinued brand of motels. When it opened as the Holiday Inn Downtown in 1972, it was the fourth largest hotel in the city, with 749 rooms. It cost some $18 million to build and was built on the site of many small buildings of what was then the centre of Toronto's First Chinatown. The hotel was purchased by Hong Kong investor Sally Aw for $73 million in 1989 and renamed the Colony Hotel. The hotel was later partly owned by Aw's listed company Sing Tao Holdings, via Singdeer Joint Ventures. Aw sold Singtao Holdings in 1999. The university purchased the hotel for C$67.6 million in 2003 from Global China Group Holdings (the new owner of ex-Sing Tao Holdings' media business) and other owner of the joint venture, at the height of a downturn in Toronto's hotel industry.
Prior to buying the hotel, the University of Toronto had rented space to house 400 students at the Primrose Hotel at Jarvis and Carlton.It has nearly 1000 residents from the University of Toronto and the Ontario College of Art and Design University. Until September 2008, it also accepted new applicants attending George Brown College and Ryerson University. | owned by | 33,413 | 99,652 |
[
"Aliante Casino and Hotel",
"owned by",
"Boyd Gaming"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Aliante Casino and Hotel<\e1> and <e2>Boyd Gaming<\e2>.
Aliante Casino and Hotel (formerly Aliante Station) is a hotel and casino in the Aliante community in North Las Vegas, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming. The resort was announced as the Aliante Station in December 2005, as a joint project between Station Casinos and The Greenspun Corporation, with an initial cost of $400 million to $450 million. Construction began in February 2007, and the resort was built at a cost of $662 million.
After opening in November 2008, the resort operated at a financial loss. Station Casinos filed for bankruptcy the following year, and the resort's ownership was transferred to a holding company. Profits subsequently improved, and Station Casinos continued managing the property until November 2012, when it was renamed Aliante Casino and Hotel. Parts of the resort were then rebranded and refurbished, at a cost of $2.8 million. Boyd Gaming purchased the hotel-casino in 2016, at a cost of $380 million. | owned by | 33,414 | 99,655 |
[
"Wewelsburg",
"owned by",
"Paderborn"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Wewelsburg<\e1> and <e2>Paderborn<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,671 |
[
"Apostolic Palace",
"owned by",
"Catholic Church"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Apostolic Palace<\e1> and <e2>Catholic Church<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,674 |
[
"Apostolic Palace",
"owned by",
"Holy See"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Apostolic Palace<\e1> and <e2>Holy See<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,677 |
[
"Forges du Saint-Maurice",
"owned by",
"Parks Canada"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Forges du Saint-Maurice<\e1> and <e2>Parks Canada<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,705 |
[
"Tamminiemi",
"owned by",
"Government of Finland"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Tamminiemi<\e1> and <e2>Government of Finland<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,709 |
[
"Tamminiemi",
"owned by",
"National Museum of Finland"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Tamminiemi<\e1> and <e2>National Museum of Finland<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,710 |
[
"Saudi Arabian National Guard",
"founded by",
"Ibn Saud"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Saudi Arabian National Guard<\e1> and <e2>Ibn Saud<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,744 |
[
"Palace of the Eleven Windows",
"founded by",
"sugar works master"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Palace of the Eleven Windows<\e1> and <e2>sugar works master<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,764 |
[
"Palace of the Eleven Windows",
"owned by",
"Government of Pará"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Palace of the Eleven Windows<\e1> and <e2>Government of Pará<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,765 |
[
"Boreray sheep",
"owned by",
"National Trust for Scotland"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Boreray sheep<\e1> and <e2>National Trust for Scotland<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,781 |
[
"Koffler Student Centre",
"owned by",
"University of Toronto"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Koffler Student Centre<\e1> and <e2>University of Toronto<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,807 |
[
"Camp Leach",
"owned by",
"United States Department of War"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Camp Leach<\e1> and <e2>United States Department of War<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,843 |
[
"Phabricator",
"founded by",
"Evan Priestley"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Phabricator<\e1> and <e2>Evan Priestley<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,874 |
[
"WordPress.com",
"owned by",
"Automattic"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>WordPress.com<\e1> and <e2>Automattic<\e2>.
WordPress.com is a platform for self-publishing that is popular for blogging and other works. It is owned and operated by Automattic, Inc. It is run on a modified version of WordPress software. This website provides free blog hosting for registered users and is financially supported via paid upgrades, "VIP" services and advertising.
While Automattic is among the many companies contributing to the WordPress project, neither it nor WordPress.com are affiliated with the WordPress software/project or the WordPress Foundation.History
The website opened to beta testers on August 8, 2005 and opened to the public on November 21, 2005. It was initially launched as an invitation-only service, although at one stage, accounts were also available to users of the Flock web browser. As of February 2017, over 77 million new posts and 42.7 million new comments are published monthly on the service.Registration is not required to read or comment on blogs hosted on the site, except if chosen by the blog owner. Registration is required to own or post in a weblog. All the basic and original features of the site are free-to-use. However, some features are not available in the free plan: install PHP plugins, customize theme CSS, write JavaScript, domain mapping, domain registration, removal of ads, website redirection, video upload, storage upgrades...In September 2010, it was announced that Windows Live Spaces, Microsoft's blogging service, would be closing and that Microsoft would partner with WordPress.com for blogging services.In December 2019, WordPress.com gave SFTP and PHPMyAdmin access to Business and eCommerce plans.As of 2021, 41% of websites are built on WordPress. | owned by | 33,459 | 99,882 |
[
"Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building",
"owned by",
"General Services Administration"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building<\e1> and <e2>General Services Administration<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 99,887 |
[
"St. Ignace Mission",
"founded by",
"Jacques Marquette"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>St. Ignace Mission<\e1> and <e2>Jacques Marquette<\e2>.
The St. Ignace Mission (French: Mission Saint-Ignace) is located in a municipal park known as Marquette Mission Park. It was the site of a mission established by Jesuit priest, Father Jacques Marquette, and the site of his grave in 1677. A second mission was established at a different site in 1837, and the chapel was moved here in 1954. The second mission chapel is the oldest Catholic church in Michigan and Wisconsin. The St. Ignace Mission was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1956, and was declared a U.S. National Historic Landmarks in 1960, one of the earliest sites recognized. The mission chapel serves as the Museum of Ojibwa Culture.History
Marquette
In 1670, Claude Dablon established a Catholic mission on what became known as Mackinac Island. That mission was presumably destroyed, as Jacques Marquette established a French Jesuit mission at the same location in 1671.However, in the fall of the same year, Marquette moved the mission to a location on the north shore of the Straits of Mackinac at the site of the present mission chapel. Marquette built a small log cabin at this site to serve as a chapel, and ministered to the Native Americans in the area, in particular the Petun. This people had recently settled in the area after clashes with the Iroquois, as well as the French inhabitants of the Straits.In 1674, Marquette joined Louis Jolliet on an exploration journey to trace the route of the Mississippi River. The party overwintered on the shore of Lake Michigan in what is now Chicago; however, Marquette's health had suffered on the trip, and he died in 1675 while returning to his St. Ignace mission. Marquette had expressed a desire to be buried at the mission. In 1677, his followers exhumed his remains and carried them for reinterment at St. Ignace. There, they were placed in a birch box and buried beneath the chapel. | founded by | 33,468 | 99,919 |
[
"Googleplex",
"founded by",
"Larry Page"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Googleplex<\e1> and <e2>Larry Page<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 99,934 |
[
"Linux kernel",
"founded by",
"Linus Torvalds"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Linux kernel<\e1> and <e2>Linus Torvalds<\e2>.
The Linux kernel is a free and open-source,: 4 monolithic, modular, multitasking, Unix-like operating system kernel. It was originally authored in 1991 by Linus Torvalds for his i386-based PC, and it was soon adopted as the kernel for the GNU operating system, which was written to be a free (libre) replacement for Unix.
Linux is provided under the GNU General Public License version 2 only, but it contains files under other compatible licenses. Since the late 1990s, it has been included as part of a large number of operating system distributions, many of which are commonly also called Linux.
Linux is deployed on a wide variety of computing systems, such as embedded devices, mobile devices (including its use in the Android operating system), personal computers, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. It can be tailored for specific architectures and for several usage scenarios using a family of simple commands (that is, without the need of manually editing its source code before compilation); privileged users can also fine-tune kernel parameters at runtime. Most of the Linux kernel code is written using the GNU extensions of GCC: 18 to the standard C programming language and with the use of architecture-specific instructions (ISA) in limited parts of the kernel. This produces a highly optimized executable (vmlinux) with respect to utilization of memory space and task execution times.: 379–380 Day-to-day development discussions take place on the Linux kernel mailing list (LKML). Changes are tracked using the version control system git, which was originally authored by Torvalds as a free software replacement for BitKeeper. | founded by | 33,470 | 99,948 |
[
"House of Zhu",
"founded by",
"Hongwu Emperor"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>House of Zhu<\e1> and <e2>Hongwu Emperor<\e2>.
The House of Zhu (Chinese: 朱; pinyin: Zhū; Wade–Giles: Chu) was the imperial ruling house of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and Southern Ming dynasty (1644–1662) of China.
Its founder was Zhu Yuanzhang, the leader of a major rebellion against the Yuan dynasty. He and his descendants lifted China to long-term economic prosperity and political stability. Over time, thanks to the polygamy common among the upper classes of Chinese society, the number of male members of the house increased to one hundred thousand. However, except for the emperors and heirs to the throne, they were excluded from politics for the sake of government stability.
From the late 16th century onwards, economic difficulties and the resulting peasant uprisings brought about a weakening of Ming power, which was used by the Qing dynasty in 1644 to seize power in the Central Plains. | founded by | 33,489 | 100,035 |
[
"Raw (WWE brand)",
"owned by",
"WWE"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Raw (WWE brand)<\e1> and <e2>WWE<\e2>.
Raw is a brand of the American professional wrestling promotion WWE that was established on March 25, 2002. Brands are divisions of WWE's roster where wrestlers are assigned to perform on a weekly basis when a brand extension is in effect. Wrestlers assigned to Raw primarily appear on the brand's weekly television program, Monday Night Raw, also referred to simply as Raw. It is one of WWE's two main brands, along with SmackDown, collectively referred to as WWE's main roster. The brand was discontinued between August 2011 and July 2016.
In addition to Raw's main television program, less-utilized wrestlers also appear on the brand's supplementary show, Main Event. Raw's wrestlers also perform on the branded and co-branded pay-per-view and livestreaming events. During the first brand split (2002–2011), Raw wrestlers also competed on the former supplementary show, Heat, and on ECW under a talent exchange program with the former ECW brand, while during the second brand split (2016–present), the brand's wrestlers have appeared in the interbrand Worlds Collide, Mixed Match Challenge, and annual Tribute to the Troops events. Additionally during the second split, Raw's cruiserweight wrestlers competed on 205 Live when WWE's revived cruiserweight division was exclusive to Raw from 2016 to 2018 before 205 Live became its own brand. | owned by | 33,491 | 100,043 |
[
"Samsung",
"founded by",
"Lee Byung-chul"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Samsung<\e1> and <e2>Lee Byung-chul<\e2>.
Samsung Group, or simply Samsung (Korean: 삼성; RR: samseong [samsʌŋ]) (stylized as SΛMSUNG), is a South Korean multinational manufacturing conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town, Seoul, South Korea. It comprises numerous affiliated businesses, most of them united under the Samsung brand, and is the largest South Korean chaebol (business conglomerate). As of 2020, Samsung has the eighth highest global brand value.Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company. Over the next three decades, the group diversified into areas including food processing, textiles, insurance, securities, and retail. Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s; these areas would drive its subsequent growth. Following Lee's death in 1987, Samsung was separated into five business groups – Samsung Group, Shinsegae Group, CJ Group and Hansol Group, and JoongAng Group.
Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics (the world's largest information technology company, consumer electronics maker and chipmaker measured by 2017 revenues), Samsung Heavy Industries (the world's second largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues), and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T Corporation (respectively the world's 13th and 36th largest construction companies). Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance (the world's 14th largest life insurance company), Samsung Everland (operator of Everland Resort, the oldest theme park in South Korea) and Cheil Worldwide (the world's 15th largest advertising agency, as measured by 2012 revenues).History
1938–1970
In 1938, during Japanese-ruled Korea, Lee Byung-chul (1910–1987) of a large landowning family in the Uiryeong county moved to nearby Daegu city and founded Mitsuboshi Trading Company (株式会社三星商会 (Kabushiki gaisha Mitsuboshi Shōkai)), or Samsung Sanghoe (주식회사 삼성상회). Samsung started out as a small trading company with forty employees located in Su-dong (now Ingyo-dong). It dealt in dried-fish, locally-grown groceries and noodles. The company prospered and Lee moved its head office to Seoul in 1947. When the Korean War broke out, he was forced to leave Seoul. He started a sugar refinery in Busan named Cheil Jedang. In 1954, Lee founded Cheil Mojik and built the plant in Chimsan-dong, Daegu. It was the largest woollen mill ever in the country.Samsung diversified into many different areas. Lee sought to establish Samsung as a leader in a wide range of industries. Samsung moved into lines of business such as insurance, securities, and retail.
In 1947, Cho Hong-jai, the Hyosung group's founder, jointly invested in a new company called Samsung Mulsan Gongsa, or the Samsung Trading Corporation, with the Samsung's founder Lee Byung-chul. The trading firm grew to become the present-day Samsung C&T Corporation. After a few years, Cho and Lee separated due to differences in management style. Cho wanted a 30 equity share. Samsung Group was separated into Samsung Group and Hyosung Group, Hankook Tire and other businesses.In the late 1960s, Samsung Group entered the electronics industry. It formed several electronics-related divisions, such as Samsung Electronics Devices, Samsung Electro-Mechanics, Samsung Corning and Samsung Semiconductor & Telecommunications, and opened the facility in Suwon. Its first product was a black-and-white television set. | founded by | 33,497 | 100,070 |
[
"Grand Trianon",
"owned by",
"Couronne de France"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Grand Trianon<\e1> and <e2>Couronne de France<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,110 |
[
"WWE NXT",
"founded by",
"Triple H"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>WWE NXT<\e1> and <e2>Triple H<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 100,313 |
[
"University of Freiburg",
"founded by",
"Albert VI, Archduke of Austria"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>University of Freiburg<\e1> and <e2>Albert VI, Archduke of Austria<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 100,356 |
[
"Virtual International Authority File",
"owned by",
"OCLC, Inc."
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Virtual International Authority File<\e1> and <e2>OCLC, Inc.<\e2>.
The Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) is an international authority file. It is a joint project of several national libraries and operated by the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC).History
Discussion about having a common international authority started in the late 1990s. After a series of failed attempts to come up with a unique common authority file, the new idea was to link existing national authorities. This would present all the benefits of a common file without requiring a large investment of time and expense in the process.The project was initiated by the US Library of Congress (LC), the German National Library (DNB) and the OCLC in April 1998 as a proof-of-concept that authority records can be linked. After extensive testing, the VIAF consortium was formed at the 2003 World Library and Information Congress, hosted by the International Federation of Library Associations. on 6 August 2003, and by September it had its own page at the OCLC website. The Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) joined the project on 5 October 2007.
The project transitioned to being a service of the OCLC on 4 April 2012.The aim is to link the national authority files (such as the German Name Authority File) to a single virtual authority file. In this file, identical records from the different data sets are linked together. A VIAF record receives a standard data number, contains the primary "see" and "see also" records from the original records, and refers to the original authority records. The data is made available online and are available for research and data exchange and sharing. Reciprocal updating uses the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) protocol.
The file numbers are also being added to Wikipedia biographical articles and are incorporated into Wikidata.Christine L. Borgman groups VIAF with the International Standard Name Identifier and ORCID systems, describing all three as "loosely coordinated efforts to standardize name forms". Borgman characterizes all three systems as attempts to solve the problem of author name disambiguation, which has grown in scale as the quantity of data multiplies. She notes that VIAF, unlike the other two systems, is led by libraries, as opposed to individual authors or creators. | owned by | 33,552 | 100,389 |
[
"Pagani (company)",
"founded by",
"Horacio Pagani"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Pagani (company)<\e1> and <e2>Horacio Pagani<\e2>.
Pagani Automobili S.p.A. (commonly referred to as Pagani) is an Italian manufacturer of hypercars and carbon fiber components. The company was founded in 1992 by the Argentinean-Italian Horacio Pagani and is based in San Cesario sul Panaro, near Modena, Italy.History
Horacio Pagani, who formerly managed Lamborghini's composites department, founded Pagani Composite Research in 1988. This new company worked with Lamborghini on numerous projects, including the restyling of the Lamborghini Countach 25th Anniversary Edition, the Lamborghini LM002, the P140 design concept, and the Diablo. In the late 1980s, Pagani began designing his own car, then referred to as the "C8 Project". Pagani planned to rename the C8 the "Fangio F1" to honour his friend, the Argentinian five-time Formula One champion, Juan Manuel Fangio.
In 1991, Pagani established Modena Design to meet the increasing demand for his design, engineering, and prototyping services. In 1992, he began construction of a Fangio F1 prototype, and by 1993, the car was being tested at the Dallara wind tunnel with positive results. In 1994, Mercedes-Benz agreed to supply Pagani with V12 engines. The cost of these cars are at a total of 2.3 million dollars.
The final car was named the Zonda C12, the first of the Zonda line (the Fangio F1 name was dropped out of respect for Fangio, who died in 1995). It was first presented at the 1999 Geneva Motor Show.
In 2005, Pagani announced that it planned to triple its production output within the next three years, and to enter the US market in 2007.
On 30 June 2010, Pagani claimed a new record for production-based cars using the Pagani Zonda R and completing the Nürburgring in 6:47, beating the Ferrari 599XX. | founded by | 33,560 | 100,432 |
[
"Pagani (company)",
"owned by",
"Horacio Pagani"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Pagani (company)<\e1> and <e2>Horacio Pagani<\e2>.
Pagani Automobili S.p.A. (commonly referred to as Pagani) is an Italian manufacturer of hypercars and carbon fiber components. The company was founded in 1992 by the Argentinean-Italian Horacio Pagani and is based in San Cesario sul Panaro, near Modena, Italy. | owned by | 33,561 | 100,433 |
[
"Pagani (company)",
"owned by",
"Public Investment Fund"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Pagani (company)<\e1> and <e2>Public Investment Fund<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,434 |
[
"Italian training ship Amerigo Vespucci",
"owned by",
"Italian Navy"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Italian training ship Amerigo Vespucci<\e1> and <e2>Italian Navy<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,566 |
[
"Coca-Cola",
"owned by",
"The Coca-Cola Company"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Coca-Cola<\e1> and <e2>The Coca-Cola Company<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,576 |
[
"Xbox Entertainment Studios",
"owned by",
"Microsoft"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Xbox Entertainment Studios<\e1> and <e2>Microsoft<\e2>.
Xbox Entertainment Studios was a short-lived American television and movie studio based in Santa Monica, California created internally by Microsoft Studios in 2012, in order to create "interactive television content" for Xbox Live.On July 17, 2014, Microsoft confirmed that the studio would be closing. On October 29, 2014, both the vice president and the president of the company departed, and the company was officially closed.History
At time of closure, Xbox Entertainment Studios was developing their first projects: a documentary about the video game crash of 1983, a science-fiction drama titled Humans and a live action television series based on the Halo franchise in collaboration with film producer Steven Spielberg. Future projects were to have included a remake of the BBC sci-fi series Blake's 7, a reboot of the Canadian children's hospital documentary series Little Miracles, and an autobiographical series about rapper Nas. The studio also intended to co-produce certain live events for Xbox Live, including future editions of the Call of Duty Championship, the Miss Teen USA beauty pageant and the VGX.Before the closure was announced, the studio released a street soccer focused reality series titled Every Street United to coincide with the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Before closing, it released the video game documentary Atari: Game Over and the series spun off from Halo.In September 2014, The Hollywood Reporter reported that AMC was in talks to acquire the rights to revive Humans and that casting was underway.Several years after its closure, it was revealed that the studio were developing additional projects before closing, such as an adult animated series based on the Conker franchise. | owned by | 33,583 | 100,606 |
[
"Antioch",
"founded by",
"Seleucus I Nicator"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Antioch<\e1> and <e2>Seleucus I Nicator<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 100,663 |
[
"Tokyo Tower",
"founded by",
"Hisakichi Maeda"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Tokyo Tower<\e1> and <e2>Hisakichi Maeda<\e2>.
Construction
A large broadcasting tower was needed in the Kantō region after NHK, Japan's public broadcasting station, began television broadcasting in 1953. Private broadcasting companies began operating in the months following the construction of NHK's own transmission tower. This communications boom led the Japanese government to believe that transmission towers would soon be built all over Tokyo, eventually overrunning the city. The proposed solution was the construction of one large tower capable of transmitting to the entire region. Furthermore, because of the country's postwar boom in the 1950s, Japan was searching for a monument to symbolize its ascendancy as a global economic powerhouse.Hisakichi Maeda, founder and president of Nippon Denpatō, the tower's owner and operator, originally planned for the tower to be taller than the Empire State Building, which at 381 meters was the highest structure in the world. However, the plan fell through because of the lack of both funds and materials. The tower's height was eventually determined by the distance the TV stations needed to transmit throughout the Kantō region, a distance of about 150 kilometers (93 mi).Tachū Naitō, renowned designer of tall buildings in Japan, was chosen to design the newly proposed tower. Looking to the Western world for inspiration, Naitō based his design on the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. With the help of engineering company Nikken Sekkei Ltd., Naitō claimed his design could withstand earthquakes with twice the intensity of the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake or typhoons with wind speeds of up to 220 kilometers per hour (140 mph).The new construction project attracted hundreds of tobi (鳶), traditional Japanese construction workers who specialized in the construction of high-rise structures. The Takenaka Corporation broke ground in June 1957 and each day at least 400 laborers worked on the tower. It was constructed of steel, a third of which was scrap metal taken from US tanks damaged in the Korean War. When the 90-meter-long antenna was bolted into place on 14 October 1958, Tokyo Tower was the tallest freestanding tower in the world, taking the title from the Eiffel Tower by nine meters.Despite being taller than the Eiffel Tower, Tokyo Tower only weighs about 4,000 tons, 3,300 tons less than the Eiffel Tower. While other towers have since surpassed Tokyo Tower's height, it remained the tallest artificial structure in Japan until April 2010, when it was surpassed by the Tokyo Skytree. It was opened to the public on 23 December 1958 at a final cost of ¥2.8 billion ($8.4 million in 1958). Tokyo Tower was mortgaged for ¥10 billion in 2000.Planned as an antenna for telecommunications and brightly colored in accordance with the time's Aviation Law, the tower's two panoramic observatories are mostly frequented by tourists today; the tower constitutes a clear reference point in the center's chaotic skyline, forming a strong landmark, both night and day. | founded by | 33,590 | 100,675 |
[
"Shanghai IFC",
"owned by",
"Sun Hung Kai Properties"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Shanghai IFC<\e1> and <e2>Sun Hung Kai Properties<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,687 |
[
"Fort Boyard (fortification)",
"owned by",
"departmental council of Charente-Maritime"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Fort Boyard (fortification)<\e1> and <e2>departmental council of Charente-Maritime<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,695 |
[
"Mensa International",
"founded by",
"Lancelot Ware"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Mensa International<\e1> and <e2>Lancelot Ware<\e2>.
History
Roland Berrill, an Australian barrister, and Lancelot Ware, a British scientist and lawyer, founded Mensa at Lincoln College, in Oxford, England in 1946, with the intention of forming a society for the most intelligent, with the only qualification being a high IQ.The society was ostensibly to be non-political in its aims and free from all other social distinctions, such as race and religion. However, Berrill and Ware were both disappointed with the resulting society. Berrill had intended Mensa as "an aristocracy of the intellect" and was unhappy that the majority of members came from working or lower-class homes, while Ware said: "I do get disappointed that so many members spend so much time solving puzzles."American Mensa was the second major branch of Mensa. Its success has been linked to the efforts of early and longstanding organiser Margot Seitelman.In 2021, British Mensa's web servers suffered a security breach in which member data was compromised. Two board directors resigned because of the relaxed cybersecurity. | founded by | 33,593 | 100,713 |
[
"Mensa International",
"founded by",
"Roland Berrill"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Mensa International<\e1> and <e2>Roland Berrill<\e2>.
History
Roland Berrill, an Australian barrister, and Lancelot Ware, a British scientist and lawyer, founded Mensa at Lincoln College, in Oxford, England in 1946, with the intention of forming a society for the most intelligent, with the only qualification being a high IQ.The society was ostensibly to be non-political in its aims and free from all other social distinctions, such as race and religion. However, Berrill and Ware were both disappointed with the resulting society. Berrill had intended Mensa as "an aristocracy of the intellect" and was unhappy that the majority of members came from working or lower-class homes, while Ware said: "I do get disappointed that so many members spend so much time solving puzzles."American Mensa was the second major branch of Mensa. Its success has been linked to the efforts of early and longstanding organiser Margot Seitelman.In 2021, British Mensa's web servers suffered a security breach in which member data was compromised. Two board directors resigned because of the relaxed cybersecurity. | founded by | 33,593 | 100,714 |
[
"Parthenon",
"owned by",
"Greece"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Parthenon<\e1> and <e2>Greece<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,767 |
[
"Fantômas (1913 serial)",
"narrative location",
"Paris"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Fantômas (1913 serial)<\e1> and <e2>Paris<\e2>.
| narrative location | 32,091 | 100,798 |
[
"Pastafarianism",
"founded by",
"Bobby Henderson"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Pastafarianism<\e1> and <e2>Bobby Henderson<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 100,807 |
[
"Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant",
"owned by",
"Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant<\e1> and <e2>Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings<\e2>.
The Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Plant (福島第二原子力発電所, Fukushima Daini (pronunciation) Genshiryoku Hatsudensho, Fukushima II NPP, 2F) is a nuclear power plant located on a 150 ha (370-acre) site in the town of Naraha and Tomioka in the Futaba District of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. The Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) runs the plant.
After the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, the four reactors at Fukushima Daini automatically shut down. While the sister plant Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, approximately 12 km (7.5 mi) to the north, suffered extensive damage, the Daini Plant was back under control within two days, reaching cold shutdown.
The plant has not been operating since, and in July 2019 a decision to decommission the plant was made. | owned by | 33,616 | 100,813 |
[
"EOS.IO",
"founded by",
"Daniel Larimer"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>EOS.IO<\e1> and <e2>Daniel Larimer<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 100,901 |
[
"Ethereum",
"founded by",
"Vitalik Buterin"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Ethereum<\e1> and <e2>Vitalik Buterin<\e2>.
Ethereum is a decentralized blockchain with smart contract functionality. Ether (Abbreviation: ETH; sign: Ξ) is the native cryptocurrency of the platform. Among cryptocurrencies, ether is second only to bitcoin in market capitalization. It is open-source software.
Ethereum was conceived in 2013 by programmer Vitalik Buterin. Additional founders of Ethereum included Gavin Wood, Charles Hoskinson, Anthony Di Iorio and Joseph Lubin. In 2014, development work began and was crowdfunded, and the network went live on 30 July 2015. Ethereum allows anyone to deploy permanent and immutable decentralized applications onto it, with which users can interact. Decentralized finance (DeFi) applications provide financial instruments which do not directly rely on financial intermediaries like brokerages, exchanges, or banks. This facilitates borrowing against cryptocurrency holdings or lending them out for interest. Ethereum also allows users to create and exchange non-fungible tokens (NFTs), which are tokens that can be tied to unique digital assets, such as images. Additionally, many other cryptocurrencies utilize the ERC-20 token standard on top of the Ethereum blockchain and have utilized the platform for initial coin offerings.
On 15 September 2022, Ethereum transitioned its consensus mechanism from proof-of-work (PoW) to proof-of-stake (PoS) in an upgrade process known as "the Merge". This has cut Ethereum's energy usage by 99%.History
Founding (2013–2014)
Ethereum was initially described in late 2013 in a white paper by Vitalik Buterin, a programmer and co-founder of Bitcoin Magazine, that described a way to build decentralized applications. Buterin argued to the Bitcoin Core developers that Bitcoin and blockchain technology could benefit from other applications besides money and that it needed a more robust language for application development: 88 that could lead to attaching real-world assets, such as stocks and property, to the blockchain. In 2013, Buterin briefly worked with eToro CEO Yoni Assia on the Colored Coins project and drafted its white paper outlining additional use cases for blockchain technology. However, after failing to gain agreement on how the project should proceed, he proposed the development of a new platform with a more robust scripting language—a Turing-complete programming language—that would eventually become Ethereum.Ethereum was announced at the North American Bitcoin Conference in Miami, in January 2014. During the conference, Gavin Wood, Charles Hoskinson, and Anthony Di Iorio (who financed the project) rented a house in Miami with Buterin at which they could develop a fuller sense of what Ethereum might become. Di Iorio invited friend Joseph Lubin, who invited reporter Morgen Peck, to bear witness. Peck subsequently wrote about the experience in Wired. Six months later the founders met again in Zug, Switzerland, where Buterin told the founders that the project would proceed as a non-profit. Hoskinson left the project at that time and soon after founded IOHK, a blockchain company responsible for Cardano.Ethereum has an unusually long list of founders. Anthony Di Iorio wrote: "Ethereum was founded by Vitalik Buterin, Myself, Charles Hoskinson, Mihai Alisie & Amir Chetrit (the initial 5) in December 2013. Joseph Lubin, Gavin Wood, & Jeffrey Wilcke were added in early 2014 as founders." Buterin chose the name Ethereum after browsing a list of elements from science fiction on Wikipedia. He stated, "I immediately realized that I liked it better than all of the other alternatives that I had seen; I suppose it was the fact that [it] sounded nice and it had the word 'ether', referring to the hypothetical invisible medium that permeates the universe and allows light to travel." Buterin wanted his platform to be the underlying and imperceptible medium for the applications running on top of it. | founded by | 33,628 | 100,909 |
[
"Ethereum",
"founded by",
"Gavin Wood"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Ethereum<\e1> and <e2>Gavin Wood<\e2>.
Ethereum is a decentralized blockchain with smart contract functionality. Ether (Abbreviation: ETH; sign: Ξ) is the native cryptocurrency of the platform. Among cryptocurrencies, ether is second only to bitcoin in market capitalization. It is open-source software.
Ethereum was conceived in 2013 by programmer Vitalik Buterin. Additional founders of Ethereum included Gavin Wood, Charles Hoskinson, Anthony Di Iorio and Joseph Lubin. In 2014, development work began and was crowdfunded, and the network went live on 30 July 2015. Ethereum allows anyone to deploy permanent and immutable decentralized applications onto it, with which users can interact. Decentralized finance (DeFi) applications provide financial instruments which do not directly rely on financial intermediaries like brokerages, exchanges, or banks. This facilitates borrowing against cryptocurrency holdings or lending them out for interest. Ethereum also allows users to create and exchange non-fungible tokens (NFTs), which are tokens that can be tied to unique digital assets, such as images. Additionally, many other cryptocurrencies utilize the ERC-20 token standard on top of the Ethereum blockchain and have utilized the platform for initial coin offerings.
On 15 September 2022, Ethereum transitioned its consensus mechanism from proof-of-work (PoW) to proof-of-stake (PoS) in an upgrade process known as "the Merge". This has cut Ethereum's energy usage by 99%.Development (2014)
Formal development of the software underlying Ethereum began in early 2014 through a Swiss company, Ethereum Switzerland GmbH (EthSuisse).
The idea of putting executable smart contracts in the blockchain needed to be specified before it could be implemented in software. This work was done by Gavin Wood, then the chief technology officer, in the Ethereum Yellow Paper that specified the Ethereum Virtual Machine. Subsequently, a Swiss non-profit foundation, the Ethereum Foundation (Stiftung Ethereum), was founded. Development was funded by an online public crowd sale from July to August 2014, in which participants bought the Ethereum value token (ether) with another digital currency, bitcoin. While there was early praise for the technical innovations of Ethereum, questions were also raised about its security and scalability. | founded by | 33,629 | 100,911 |
[
"BioRxiv",
"owned by",
"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>BioRxiv<\e1> and <e2>Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory<\e2>.
bioRxiv (pronounced "bio-archive") is an open access preprint repository for the biological sciences co-founded by John Inglis and Richard Sever in November 2013. It is hosted by the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL).As preprints, papers hosted on bioRxiv are not peer-reviewed, but undergo basic screening and checked against plagiarism. However, peer reviews from other sources may be posted alongside preprints. Moreover, readers may post comments.
It has been measured that two thirds of the papers posted in bioRxiv are later published in peer-reviewed journals. BioRxiv, and its sister site, medRxiv, have been major sources for the dissemination of COVID-19 research.History
BioRxiv was inspired by and intends to complement the arXiv repository, which mostly focuses on mathematics, physics and connected disciplines, launched in 1991 by Paul Ginsparg (who also serves on the bioRxiv advisory board). It received support from both the CSHL and the Lourie Foundation. Additional funding from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative was confirmed in April 2017.Prior to the establishment of bioRxiv, biological scientists were divided on the issue of having a dedicated preprint open-access repository. Many had concerns of having their research scooped by competitors and losing their claim to discovery. However, several geneticists had submitted papers to the "quantitative biology" section of the arXiv repository (launched in 2003) and no longer had those concerns, as they could point to preprints to support their claims of discovery. | owned by | 33,636 | 100,937 |
[
"Palazzetto dello Sport",
"owned by",
"Roma Capitale"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Palazzetto dello Sport<\e1> and <e2>Roma Capitale<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 100,942 |
[
"Order of Friars Minor",
"founded by",
"Francis of Assisi"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Order of Friars Minor<\e1> and <e2>Francis of Assisi<\e2>.
Name and demographics
The "Order of Friars Minor" are commonly called simply the "Franciscans". This Order is a mendicant religious order of men that traces its origin to Francis of Assisi. Their official Latin name is the Ordo Fratrum Minorum Which is the name Francis gave his brotherhood. Having been born among the minorum (serfs, second class citizens), before his conversion, he aspired to move up the social ladder to the maggiorum (nobles, first class citizens). After a life of conversion, the name of his brotherhood (Order of Second-Class Brothers) indicates his coming to an appreciation of his social condition on behalf of those who have no class or citizenship in society. The modern organization of the Friars Minor comprises several separate families or groups, each considered a religious order in its own right under its own minister General and particular type of governance. They all live according to a body of regulations known as the Rule of St Francis. These areOrder of Friars Minor Capuchin
The Order of Friars Minor Capuchin or simply Capuchins, official name: "Friars Minor Capuchin" (OFM Cap). it has 1,633 communities; 10,786 members; 7,057 priestsConventual Franciscans
The Conventual Franciscans or Minorites, official name: "Friars Minor Conventual" (OFM Conv). It has 667 communities; 4,289 members; 2,921 priestsThird Order Regular of Saint Francis
Third Order Regular of Saint Francis (TOR): 176 communities; 870 members; 576 priestsHistory
Beginnings
A sermon on Mt 10:9 which Francis heard in 1209 made such an impression on him that he decided to fully devote himself to a life of apostolic poverty. Clad in a rough garment, barefoot, and, after the Evangelical precept, without staff or scrip, he began to preach repentance.The mendicant orders had long been exempt from the jurisdiction of the bishop, and enjoyed (as distinguished from the secular clergy) unrestricted freedom to preach and hear confessions in the churches connected with their monasteries. This had led to endless friction and open quarrels between the two divisions of the clergy. This question was definitively settled by the Council of Trent. | founded by | 33,640 | 100,955 |
[
"Myrotvorets",
"founded by",
"George Tuka"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Myrotvorets<\e1> and <e2>George Tuka<\e2>.
Myrotvorets or Mirotvorets (Ukrainian: Миротворець, lit. 'Peacemaker', Ukrainian pronunciation: [mɪrɔ'tvɔrɛt͡sʲ]), is a Ukrainian Kyiv-based website that publishes a running list, and sometimes personal information, of people who are considered by authors of the website to be "enemies of Ukraine", or, as the website itself states, "whose actions have signs of crimes against the national security of Ukraine, peace, human security, and the international law". The website was launched in December 2014 by Ukrainian politician and activist Georgy Tuka. The publishing of personal information on the site has been criticized by human rights organizations.Overview
The site reflects the work of NGO "Myrotvorets centre", led by a person only known with the alias "Roman Zaitsev", former employee of Luhansk Security Service of Ukraine office. In 2016, the Daily Beast reported that the website was curated by the government law-enforcement and intelligence agency Security Service of Ukraine (SBU). In 2022, its founder, George Tuka, denied that the project is managed by the SBU or that it receives state funding.It has been promoted by Anton Herashchenko, a co-founder and later advisor to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine . The identity of the staff is secret, and a hidden panel sifts through information, often collated from open-source intelligence, as well as information provided by individuals on a confidential basis.Although it has no official status, the website is regularly consulted at checkpoints to integrate government information systems. According to Tuka, the site has led to the arrest of 1,000 people, since the site's launch, which he claimed included many collaborators and people working for the Federal Security Service that would otherwise not be in any government databases.The slogan of the centre's website and the centre itself is a Latin saying: Pro bono publico (for the public good).
Myrotvorets Centre began to develop the project in summer 2014, during the war in Donbas after a chance meeting between Tuka and "Roman Zaitsev". The project was launched in December 2014 as part of the work of the volunteer group known as "Narodny Tyl".On 7 May 2016, the website published the personal data of 4,508 journalists and other media members from all over the world who had worked (or had received accreditation to work) on the war in the uncontrolled government territory of Donbas, and therefore were considered by the site to have cooperated with terrorists. There were phone numbers, email addresses, and some countries and cities of residence of Ukrainian and foreign journalists received from the hacked database of Donetsk People's Republic Ministry of State Security; journalists and support staff provided these data to be accredited by the unrecognized Donetsk People's Republic. In response, the Security Service of Ukraine issued a statement that it found no violations of Ukrainian law by Myrotvorets. According to Yulia Gorbunova, senior researcher for Human Rights Watch, the implications this list has for press freedoms is serious, adding that the existence of the list puts lives in danger. The then President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko called the leak a "big mistake". | founded by | 33,648 | 100,996 |
[
"Myrotvorets",
"owned by",
"George Tuka"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Myrotvorets<\e1> and <e2>George Tuka<\e2>.
Myrotvorets or Mirotvorets (Ukrainian: Миротворець, lit. 'Peacemaker', Ukrainian pronunciation: [mɪrɔ'tvɔrɛt͡sʲ]), is a Ukrainian Kyiv-based website that publishes a running list, and sometimes personal information, of people who are considered by authors of the website to be "enemies of Ukraine", or, as the website itself states, "whose actions have signs of crimes against the national security of Ukraine, peace, human security, and the international law". The website was launched in December 2014 by Ukrainian politician and activist Georgy Tuka. The publishing of personal information on the site has been criticized by human rights organizations.Overview
The site reflects the work of NGO "Myrotvorets centre", led by a person only known with the alias "Roman Zaitsev", former employee of Luhansk Security Service of Ukraine office. In 2016, the Daily Beast reported that the website was curated by the government law-enforcement and intelligence agency Security Service of Ukraine (SBU). In 2022, its founder, George Tuka, denied that the project is managed by the SBU or that it receives state funding.It has been promoted by Anton Herashchenko, a co-founder and later advisor to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine . The identity of the staff is secret, and a hidden panel sifts through information, often collated from open-source intelligence, as well as information provided by individuals on a confidential basis.Although it has no official status, the website is regularly consulted at checkpoints to integrate government information systems. According to Tuka, the site has led to the arrest of 1,000 people, since the site's launch, which he claimed included many collaborators and people working for the Federal Security Service that would otherwise not be in any government databases.The slogan of the centre's website and the centre itself is a Latin saying: Pro bono publico (for the public good).
Myrotvorets Centre began to develop the project in summer 2014, during the war in Donbas after a chance meeting between Tuka and "Roman Zaitsev". The project was launched in December 2014 as part of the work of the volunteer group known as "Narodny Tyl".On 7 May 2016, the website published the personal data of 4,508 journalists and other media members from all over the world who had worked (or had received accreditation to work) on the war in the uncontrolled government territory of Donbas, and therefore were considered by the site to have cooperated with terrorists. There were phone numbers, email addresses, and some countries and cities of residence of Ukrainian and foreign journalists received from the hacked database of Donetsk People's Republic Ministry of State Security; journalists and support staff provided these data to be accredited by the unrecognized Donetsk People's Republic. In response, the Security Service of Ukraine issued a statement that it found no violations of Ukrainian law by Myrotvorets. According to Yulia Gorbunova, senior researcher for Human Rights Watch, the implications this list has for press freedoms is serious, adding that the existence of the list puts lives in danger. The then President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko called the leak a "big mistake". | owned by | 33,648 | 100,997 |
[
"Mercosur",
"founded by",
"Uruguay"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Mercosur<\e1> and <e2>Uruguay<\e2>.
Founding
Mercosur was finally established in 1991 by the Treaty of Asunción, based on the Buenos Aires Act, the Treaty of Asunción defined rules and conditions for the creation of a free trade zone among its four signatories. Likewise, it was decided that all measures for the construction of the common market should be completed by 31 December 1994 with the amendment of the Treaty of Ouro Preto. In 2001, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the bloc's creation, the Mercosur flag was hoisted for the first time at Mercosur's headquarters in Montevideo.
The main implications of this free trade zone are: | founded by | 33,655 | 101,015 |
[
"Mercosur",
"founded by",
"Paraguay"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Mercosur<\e1> and <e2>Paraguay<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,016 |
[
"Mercosur",
"founded by",
"Brazil"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Mercosur<\e1> and <e2>Brazil<\e2>.
Founding
Mercosur was finally established in 1991 by the Treaty of Asunción, based on the Buenos Aires Act, the Treaty of Asunción defined rules and conditions for the creation of a free trade zone among its four signatories. Likewise, it was decided that all measures for the construction of the common market should be completed by 31 December 1994 with the amendment of the Treaty of Ouro Preto. In 2001, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the bloc's creation, the Mercosur flag was hoisted for the first time at Mercosur's headquarters in Montevideo.
The main implications of this free trade zone are: | founded by | 33,655 | 101,017 |
[
"Mercosur",
"founded by",
"Argentina"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Mercosur<\e1> and <e2>Argentina<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,018 |
[
"Rite of Memphis-Misraim",
"founded by",
"Giuseppe Garibaldi"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Rite of Memphis-Misraim<\e1> and <e2>Giuseppe Garibaldi<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,026 |
[
"Israel Broadcasting Authority",
"founded by",
"Israel"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Israel Broadcasting Authority<\e1> and <e2>Israel<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,027 |
[
"Conseil d'État (France)",
"founded by",
"Napoleon"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Conseil d'État (France)<\e1> and <e2>Napoleon<\e2>.
In France, the Conseil d'État ([kɔ̃sɛj deta]) is a governmental body that acts both as legal adviser to the executive branch and as the supreme court for administrative justice, which is one of the two branches of the French judiciary system. Established in 1799 by Napoleon as a successor to the King's Council (Conseil du Roi), it is located in the Palais-Royal in Paris and is primarily made up of top-level legal officers. The Vice President of the Council of State ranks as the ninth most important civil servant in France.
Members of the Council of State are part of a Grand Corps of the French State (Grand corps de l'État). The Council of State mainly recruits from among the top-ranking students graduating from the École nationale d'administration. | founded by | 33,657 | 101,032 |
[
"Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional",
"founded by",
"Augusto Pinochet"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional<\e1> and <e2>Augusto Pinochet<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,034 |
[
"National Information Center (Chile)",
"founded by",
"Augusto Pinochet"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>National Information Center (Chile)<\e1> and <e2>Augusto Pinochet<\e2>.
The National Information Center (Spanish: Central Nacional de Informaciones, CNI) was the political police and intelligence body which functioned as an organ of persecution, kidnapping, torture, murder and disappearance of political opponents during the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet in Chile. The predecessor of the CNI, the Directorate of National Intelligence (DINA), had been dissolved due to pressure from the United States government as a result of the assassination of Orlando Letelier in exile in Washington in 1977. | founded by | 33,660 | 101,039 |
[
"Download to Donate",
"founded by",
"Linkin Park"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Download to Donate<\e1> and <e2>Linkin Park<\e2>.
Download to Donate is a program by Music for Relief, a non-profit organization established by Linkin Park in 2005 to help victims of natural disasters to help them recover from such disasters. So far, the program has released three compilations: two to support the 2010 earthquake in Haiti and one for the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. Several artists contribute songs to the compilations, and people are encouraged to either download the songs, in which the proceeds will go to relief efforts for the disasters; or to simply donate any amount money for the cause. | founded by | 33,661 | 101,041 |
[
"Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium",
"founded by",
"Napoleon"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium<\e1> and <e2>Napoleon<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,047 |
[
"Paris Chamber of Commerce",
"founded by",
"Napoleon"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Paris Chamber of Commerce<\e1> and <e2>Napoleon<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,048 |
[
"Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa",
"founded by",
"Napoleon"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa<\e1> and <e2>Napoleon<\e2>.
The Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa (commonly known in Italy as "la Normale") is a public university in Pisa and Florence, Tuscany, Italy, currently attended by about 600 undergraduate and postgraduate (PhD) students.
It was founded in 1810 with a decree by Napoleon as a branch of the École normale supérieure in Paris, with the aim of training the teachers of the Empire to educate its citizens. In 2013 the Florentine site was added to the historical site in Pisa, following the inclusion of the Institute of Human Sciences in Florence (SUM). Since 2018 the Scuola Normale Superiore has been federated with the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies in Pisa and with the Institute for Advanced Studies of Pavia, the only other two university institutions with special status that, in the Italian panorama, offer, in accordance with standards of excellence, both undergraduate and postgraduate educational activities.
Eminent personalities from the world of science, literature and politics have studied at the Normale, among them Giosuè Carducci, Carlo Rubbia, Enrico Fermi, Aldo Capitini, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, Giovanni Gronchi, Giovanni Gentile, Massimo D'Alema as well as Alessio Figalli, in more recent times. | founded by | 33,662 | 101,050 |
[
"Rangoli",
"founded by",
"India"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Rangoli<\e1> and <e2>India<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,053 |
[
"Pono (digital music service)",
"founded by",
"Neil Young"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Pono (digital music service)<\e1> and <e2>Neil Young<\e2>.
Pono (, Hawaiian word for "proper") was a portable digital media player and music download service for high-resolution audio. It was developed by musician Neil Young and his company PonoMusic, which raised money for development and initial production through a crowd-funding campaign on Kickstarter. Production and shipments to backers started in October 2014, and shipments to the general public began in the first quarter of 2015.
Pono's stated goal to present songs "as they first sound during studio recording sessions", using "high-resolution" 24-bit 192kHz audio instead of "the compressed audio inferiority that MP3s offer" received mixed reactions, with some describing Pono as a competitor to similar music services such as HDtracks, but others doubting its potential for success.In April 2017 it was announced that Pono was discontinued, and alternative plans were later abandoned. | founded by | 33,664 | 101,055 |
[
"Lyceum (classical)",
"founded by",
"Aristotle"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Lyceum (classical)<\e1> and <e2>Aristotle<\e2>.
| founded by | 32,091 | 101,056 |
[
"Flughafen München GmbH",
"owned by",
"Germany"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Flughafen München GmbH<\e1> and <e2>Germany<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,058 |
[
"Flughafen München GmbH",
"founded by",
"Bavaria"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Flughafen München GmbH<\e1> and <e2>Bavaria<\e2>.
History
The corporation was established as "Flughafen München-Riem Gesellschaft mbH" on the 12 October 1949 by the Free State of Bavaria and the Bavarian capital Munich. CEO at the time was Wulf-Dieter Graf zu Castell, who held this position until 1972. Also that year, the expansion of the runway to 1,907 meters in length and 60 meters width began and was completed on 22 November. More than a million passengers came through the airport over the course of the year 1962. In 1963, a commission began to search for a new location for the airport. In 1969, the company renamed and became the "Flughafen München GmbH". The relocation of Munich Airport Riem to the new location between Erding and Freising was carried out on 17 May 1992. The expansion of the airport, Terminal 2, financed by Lufthansa (40%) and FMG (60%) together, was opened on 27 June 2003. The company contributed significantly to the development of the Munich airport in order to make it one of the most important air transport hubs in Europe, however the 2005 planned expansion for a third runway remains highly controversial with the resident population.In September 2014, the supervisory board stopped plans from directors Kerkloh and Weyer to participate in foreign airport operations. | founded by | 33,665 | 101,059 |
[
"Flughafen München GmbH",
"owned by",
"Bavaria"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Flughafen München GmbH<\e1> and <e2>Bavaria<\e2>.
| owned by | 32,091 | 101,060 |
[
"Flughafen München GmbH",
"founded by",
"Landeshauptstadt München"
]
| Find the relation between <e1>Flughafen München GmbH<\e1> and <e2>Landeshauptstadt München<\e2>.
History
The corporation was established as "Flughafen München-Riem Gesellschaft mbH" on the 12 October 1949 by the Free State of Bavaria and the Bavarian capital Munich. CEO at the time was Wulf-Dieter Graf zu Castell, who held this position until 1972. Also that year, the expansion of the runway to 1,907 meters in length and 60 meters width began and was completed on 22 November. More than a million passengers came through the airport over the course of the year 1962. In 1963, a commission began to search for a new location for the airport. In 1969, the company renamed and became the "Flughafen München GmbH". The relocation of Munich Airport Riem to the new location between Erding and Freising was carried out on 17 May 1992. The expansion of the airport, Terminal 2, financed by Lufthansa (40%) and FMG (60%) together, was opened on 27 June 2003. The company contributed significantly to the development of the Munich airport in order to make it one of the most important air transport hubs in Europe, however the 2005 planned expansion for a third runway remains highly controversial with the resident population.In September 2014, the supervisory board stopped plans from directors Kerkloh and Weyer to participate in foreign airport operations. | founded by | 33,665 | 101,061 |
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