Datasets:

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GWHed

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dataset_nq_rag

like 0

[ "flesh" ]

[ "title: Peel (fruit) text: Peel (fruit) Peel, also known as rind or skin, is the outer protective layer of a fruit or vegetable which can be peeled off. The rind is usually the botanical exocarp, but the term exocarp also includes the hard cases of nuts, which are not named peels since they are not peeled off by hand or peeler, but rather shells because of their hardness. A fruit with a thick peel, such as a citrus fruit, is called a hesperidium. In hesperidia, the inner layer (also called \"albedo\" or, among non-botanists, \"pith\") is peeled off together with the outer layer (called", "title: Peel (fruit) text: flavedo), and together they are called the peel. The flavedo and albedo, respectively, are the exocarp and the mesocarp. The juicy layer inside the peel (containing the seeds) is the endocarp. Depending on the thickness and taste, fruit peel is sometimes eaten as part of the fruit, such as with apples. In some cases the peel is unpleasant or inedible, in which case it is removed and discarded, such as with bananas or grapefruits. The peel of some fruits — for example, pomegranates — is high in tannins and other polyphenols, and is employed in the production of dyes. The", "title: Hesperidium text: Hesperidium A hesperidium (plural hesperidia) is a modified berry with a tough, leathery rind. Carl Linnaeus gave the name Hesperideæ to an order containing the genus \"Citrus\", in allusion to the golden apples of the Hesperides. The outer ovary wall becomes the thick spongy layer of the rind, while the inner ovary wall becomes very juicy with several seeds. The peel contains volatile oil glands in pits. The fleshy interior is composed of separate sections, called carpels, filled with fluid-filled vesicles that are specialized hair cells. Oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruit are all common examples of hesperidia. Unlike most other", "title: Peel (fruit) text: chenpi). Fruit allergies make up about ten percent of all food related allergies. Peel (fruit) Peel, also known as rind or skin, is the outer protective layer of a fruit or vegetable which can be peeled off. The rind is usually the botanical exocarp, but the term exocarp also includes the hard cases of nuts, which are not named peels since they are not peeled off by hand or peeler, but rather shells because of their hardness. A fruit with a thick peel, such as a citrus fruit, is called a hesperidium. In hesperidia, the inner layer (also called \"albedo\"", "title: Fruit anatomy text: the inner part of the peel and is commonly removed before eating. In citron fruit, where the mesocarp is the most prominent part, it is used to produce succade. Endocarp (from Greek: \"endo-\", \"inside\" + \"-carp\", \"fruit\") is a botanical term for the inside layer of the pericarp (or fruit), which directly surrounds the seeds. It may be membranous as in citrus where it is the only part consumed, or thick and hard as in the stone fruits of the family Rosaceae such as peaches, cherries, plums, and apricots. In nuts, it is the stony layer that surrounds the kernel" ]

[ "1978" ]

[ "title: Popcorn ceiling text: in the United States, popcorn ceilings fell out of favor in much of the country. However, in order to minimize economic hardship to suppliers and installers, existing inventories of asbestos-bearing texturing materials were exempt from the ban, so it is possible to find asbestos in popcorn ceilings that were applied through the 1980s. After the ban, popcorn ceiling materials were created using a paper-based or Styrofoam product to create the texture, rather than asbestos. Textured ceilings remain common in residential construction in the United States. Popcorn ceiling A popcorn ceiling (slang), also known as a cottage cheese ceiling, a stucco", "title: Asbestos abatement text: Asbestos abatement Many buildings contain asbestos, which was used in spray-applied flame retardant, thermal system insulation, and in a variety of other materials. Asbestos was sometimes \"flocked\" above false ceilings, inside technical ducts, and in many other small spaces where firefighters would have difficulty gaining access. Structural components like asbestos panels were also used. In residences, asbestos was often a component of a type of flocked acoustic ceiling called popcorn ceiling or \"cottage cheese ceiling\", until its production was banned in the US in 1978. However, the ban allowed installers to use up remaining stocks, so houses built as late", "title: Asbestos abatement text: being exposed to the fibers. Asbestos abatement Many buildings contain asbestos, which was used in spray-applied flame retardant, thermal system insulation, and in a variety of other materials. Asbestos was sometimes \"flocked\" above false ceilings, inside technical ducts, and in many other small spaces where firefighters would have difficulty gaining access. Structural components like asbestos panels were also used. In residences, asbestos was often a component of a type of flocked acoustic ceiling called popcorn ceiling or \"cottage cheese ceiling\", until its production was banned in the US in 1978. However, the ban allowed installers to use up remaining stocks,", "title: Popcorn ceiling text: Popcorn ceiling A popcorn ceiling (slang), also known as a cottage cheese ceiling, a stucco ceiling or formally an acoustic ceiling, is a ceiling with a certain spray-on or paint-on treatment. It was the standard for bedroom and residential hallway ceilings for its bright, white appearance, ability to hide imperfections, and acoustical characteristics. In comparison, kitchen and living room ceilings would normally be finished in smoother skip-trowel or orange peel texture for their higher durability and ease of cleaning. In early formulations, it often contained white asbestos fibers. When asbestos was banned in ceiling treatments by the Clean Air Act", "title: Asbestos abatement text: cables or pipes. Even if the workers are protected, such maintenance operation may release fibers into the air, which may be inhaled by others. Interventions in areas where asbestos is present often have to follow stringent procedures. When asbestos fibers can easily be made into airborne dust, the material is known as \"friable\". For example, a popcorn ceiling is extremely friable, whereas asbestos floor tile is considered non-friable. Friable materials, such as popcorn ceiling tiles, have a lifespan between 20 - 40 years plus; whereas non-friable materials, such as asbestos roofing tiles, have a lifespan of 50 - 100 years" ]

[ "Steve Winwood" ]

[ "title: Martin Torgoff text: is the Executive Liaison to Jim Tisch, Chairman and CEO of the Loews Corporation. They have one son, William, and live in Westchester. Martin Torgoff Martin Torgoff (born November 29, 1952) is an American journalist, author, documentary filmmaker, and writer, director and producer of television, who has worked extensively in the fields of music and American popular culture. He is best known for his book \"Can’t Find My Way Home: America In the Great Stoned Age, 1945-2000\" (2004) a narrative cultural history of illicit drugs, and for \"The Drug Years\", the series for VH1 and Sundance that Torgoff wrote and", "title: Martin Torgoff text: Martin Torgoff Martin Torgoff (born November 29, 1952) is an American journalist, author, documentary filmmaker, and writer, director and producer of television, who has worked extensively in the fields of music and American popular culture. He is best known for his book \"Can’t Find My Way Home: America In the Great Stoned Age, 1945-2000\" (2004) a narrative cultural history of illicit drugs, and for \"The Drug Years\", the series for VH1 and Sundance that Torgoff wrote and appeared in, which was based on his book. Over the span of his forty-year career his work has encompassed music, art, film, theater,", "title: Nathan East (album) text: bass guitar led melodies. The cover of the 1965 Beatles song \"Yesterday\" features East's son Noah East on piano. While largely an album of covers, including those of East's band Fourplay and Steve Winwood's \"Can't Find My Way Home\", which East had previous played on tours with Clapton, there are also original works, such as \"Daft Funk\", a play on words on East's work with French group Daft Punk, and \"Madiba\", a tribute to former South African president Nelson Mandela. Nathan East (album) Nathan East is the debut eponymous album by veteran supporting musician Nathan East, known for his performances", "title: I'll Find My Way Home text: I'll Find My Way Home I'll Find My Way Home is a song written by Jon Anderson and Vangelis for the Jon and Vangelis' 1981 album \"The Friends of Mr Cairo\". The song was released on December 1, 1981. It has been later covered by numerous artists, including Demis Roussos, Chayanne, Gregorian, Project Pitchfork and Spanish singer Ana Belén. The song is also featured in the movie \"The Challengers\". In the United Kingdom the single peaked at #6 and was certified Silver (1982) for sales of over 250,000 copies by BPI, and it gained international acclaim almost immediately. It reached", "title: Martin Johnson (musician) text: Escape,\" \"You'll Always Find Your Way Back Home\"). Songs he has written have sold over 10 million copies and he has had nine top 40 charting singles. Martin Johnson was born in Andover, Massachusetts on September 9, 1985. Johnson attended Andover High School and graduated in 2004. He dated actress Briga Heelan in 2009. They attended Andover High School together. Johnson is the lead singer and plays guitar for the band Boys Like Girls. The band, which consists of Johnson, Paul DiGiovanni, John Keefe, and Morgan Dorr (as of 2011) was formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 2005. Since releasing their" ]

[ "中秋節" ]

[ "title: Mid-Autumn Festival text: Mid-Autumn Festival The Mid-Autumn Festival is a harvest festival celebrated notably by the Chinese and Vietnamese people. The festival is held on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar with full moon at night, corresponding to late September to early October of the Gregorian calendar with a full moon at night. Mooncakes, a rich pastry typically filled with sweet bean paste or lotus seed paste are traditionally eaten during the festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is also known by other names, such as: The festival celebrates three fundamental concepts that are closely connected: Traditions and myths surrounding", "title: Mid-Autumn Festival text: the festival are formed around these concepts, although traditions have changed over time due to changes in technology, science, economy, culture, and religion. It's about well being together. The Chinese have celebrated the harvest during the autumn full moon since the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BCE). Morris Berkowitz, who studied the Hakka people during the 1960s, theorizes that the harvest celebration originally began with worshiping mountain deities after the harvest was completed. For the Baiyue peoples, the harvest time commemorated the dragon who brought rain for the crops. The celebration as a festival only started to gain popularity during the", "title: Chinese characters text: Chinese characters Chinese characters () are logograms developed for the writing of Chinese. They have been adapted to write a number of other Asian languages. They remain a key component of the Japanese writing system (where they are known as \"kanji\") and are occasionally used in the writing of Korean (where they are known as \"Hanja\"). They were formerly used in Vietnamese (in a system known as \"chữ Nôm\") and Zhuang (in a system known as \"Sawndip\"). Collectively, they are known as CJK characters. Vietnamese is sometimes also included, making the abbreviation CJKV. Chinese characters constitute the oldest continuously used", "title: Mid-Autumn Festival text: the ascendance and culmination of the Buddha's visit to heaven and for the latter, the acknowledgement of the cultivation season known as \"Maha\". The Mid-Autumn Festival is held on the 15th day of the eighth month in the Han calendar—essentially the night of a full moon—which falls near the Autumnal Equinox (on a day between September 8 and October 7 in the Gregorian calendar). In 2018, it fell on September 24. It will occur on these days in coming years: Mid-Autumn Festival The Mid-Autumn Festival is a harvest festival celebrated notably by the Chinese and Vietnamese people. The festival is", "title: Mid-Autumn Festival text: increase in livestock, and human babies. Over time, the prayers for children evolved into a celebration of children. Confucian scholars continued the tradition of gazing at the moon, but to sip wine and improvise poetry and song. By the early twentieth century in Hanoi, the festival had begun to assume its identity as a children's festival. Aside from the story of Chang'e (Vietnamese: Hằng Nga), there are two other popular folktales associated with the festival. The first describes the legend of \"Cuội\", whose wife accidentally urinated on a sacred banyan tree. The tree began to float towards the moon, and" ]

[ "the Boeotians led by Thebans" ]

[ "title: Theban–Spartan War text: Thebes was not necessarily to be trusted. For example, Thebes destroyed Plataea in 372 BC, which had only recently been refounded. Athens started to think about negotiating peace with Sparta; it was while Athens was discussing this with Sparta that Thebes defeated the Spartan army conclusively at Battle of Leuctra (371 BC). In 378 BC a Spartan attempt to seize Piraeus brought Athens closer to Thebes. The Athenian mercenary commander Chabrias successfully faced off the larger army of Agesilaus II near Thebes. At the advance of Agesilaus' forces, instead of giving the order to charge, Chabrias famously ordered his men", "title: Battle of Leuctra text: Battle of Leuctra The Battle of Leuctra (, \"Leûktra\") was a battle fought on 6 July 371 BC between the Boeotians led by the Thebans, and the Spartans along with their allies amidst the post-Corinthian War conflict. The battle took place in the neighbourhood of Leuctra, a village in Boeotia in the territory of Thespiae. The Theban victory shattered Sparta's immense influence over the Greek peninsula, which Sparta had gained after its victory in the Peloponnesian War. In 371 BC, the newly established democracy of Thebes had elected four Boeotarchs, the traditional title of the generals of the Boeotian League,", "title: Archidamus III text: Battle of Leuctra in 371 BC and was commander later during the fighting in the Peloponnese. Four years later he captured Caryae, ravaged the territory of the Parrhasii and defeated the Arcadians, Argives and Messenians in the \"tearless battle\", so called because the victory did not cost the Spartans a single life. However, he was in turn defeated by the Arcadians in 364 BC at Cromnus. In 362, he showed great courage in the defense of Sparta against the Theban commander Epaminondas. As king, Archidamus supported the Phocians against Thebes in the Sacred War of 355–346. In 346 BC he", "title: Thebes, Greece text: the Spartan garrison was expelled and a democratic constitution was set up in place of the traditional oligarchy. In the consequent wars with Sparta, the Theban army, trained and led by Epaminondas and Pelopidas, proved itself formidable (see also: Sacred Band of Thebes). Years of desultory fighting, in which Thebes established its control over all Boeotia, culminated in 371 BC in a remarkable victory over the Spartans at Leuctra. The winners were hailed throughout Greece as champions of the oppressed. They carried their arms into Peloponnesus and at the head of a large coalition, permanently crippled the power of Sparta,", "title: Theban–Spartan War text: they could save their lives; nor did he cease to prosecute the war, till, after settling Messene, he shut up Sparta with a close siege. The jury broke into laughter, the charges were dropped, and Epaminondas was re-elected as Boeotarch for the next year. In 369 BC the Argives, Eleans and the Arcadians, eager to continue their war against Sparta, recalled the Thebans to their support. Epaminondas, at the height of his prestige, again commanded an allied invasion force. Arriving at the Isthmus of Corinth, the Thebans found it heavily guarded by the Spartans and Athenians (along with the Corinthians," ]

[ "Hallee Hirsh", "Yvonne Zima" ]

[ "title: Christine Harnos text: Christine Harnos Christine Harnos (born November 16, 1968) is a Canadian actress and co-founder of the circus outreach organization Circus Remedy. Harnos was born in Toronto, Ontario on November 16, 1968. Harnos portrayed Jennifer Greene, the first wife of main character Mark Greene on \"ER\" (1994–2002), Josie Ray in \"Remembering Sex\" (1998), Dotty from \"The Girl Gets Moe\" (1997), Rimmer in the action-horror film \"\" (1996), Kaye Faulkner in \"Dazed and Confused\" (1993), Linda Wyatt in \"Judgement Night\" (1993), Sarah Hughes in \"Cold Dog Soup\" (1990), and Sid in \"Denial\" (1990). In 2003, Harnos left acting to pursue a degree", "title: Hallee Hirsh text: Hills apartment complex alongside other notable child stars such as Hilary Duff with her father, which she has referred to as \"an important part of her life\". She graduated magna cum laude from UCLA in 2011, majoring in anthropology and minoring in Chinese. Hirsh first portrayed Rachel Greene in the 2001-2002 season of ER in a storyline where a now teenage and rebellious Rachel leaves her mother in St. Louis to be with her father, Mark Greene, a role she played through the eighth season, when Mark dies and she returns home. Hirsh later reprised her role in 2004 in", "title: Hallee Hirsh text: Hallee Hirsh Hallee Leah Hirsh (born December 16, 1987) is an American actress known for her roles as Mattie on \"JAG\", Daley in the children's series \"Flight 29 Down\", and as the adolescent and young adult Rachel Greene on \"ER\". Starring alongside Kristen Stewart, Hirsh played Rachel Bruin in \"Speak\". Hallee was born on Offutt Air Force Base in Omaha, Nebraska, the daughter of Deborah, a naval officer, and Mike Hirsh, a Marine officer. (Coincidentally, Hirsh would find herself acting on the naval-based show \"JAG\", as Matilda \"Mattie\" Grace Johnson, for 17 episodes.) She began acting when she was 3,", "title: Christine Harnos text: in child development at Mills College. In 2006, she helped co-create the circus outreach organization Circus Remedy with Anthony Lucero and Terry Notary. She continues to serve as executive director. Christine Harnos Christine Harnos (born November 16, 1968) is a Canadian actress and co-founder of the circus outreach organization Circus Remedy. Harnos was born in Toronto, Ontario on November 16, 1968. Harnos portrayed Jennifer Greene, the first wife of main character Mark Greene on \"ER\" (1994–2002), Josie Ray in \"Remembering Sex\" (1998), Dotty from \"The Girl Gets Moe\" (1997), Rimmer in the action-horror film \"\" (1996), Kaye Faulkner in \"Dazed", "title: Hallee Hirsh text: shop specializing in donuts made using local flavors and ingredients. Hallee Hirsh Hallee Leah Hirsh (born December 16, 1987) is an American actress known for her roles as Mattie on \"JAG\", Daley in the children's series \"Flight 29 Down\", and as the adolescent and young adult Rachel Greene on \"ER\". Starring alongside Kristen Stewart, Hirsh played Rachel Bruin in \"Speak\". Hallee was born on Offutt Air Force Base in Omaha, Nebraska, the daughter of Deborah, a naval officer, and Mike Hirsh, a Marine officer. (Coincidentally, Hirsh would find herself acting on the naval-based show \"JAG\", as Matilda \"Mattie\" Grace Johnson," ]

[ "April 15, 2018" ]

[ "title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) text: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) The fourth season of \"Fear the Walking Dead\", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 15, 2018, and comprises 16 episodes split into two eight-episode parts. The second half of the season premiered on August 12, 2018, and concluded on September 30, 2018. It is a companion series to \"The Walking Dead\", and the season premiere contained the first crossover between the two series. The season features new showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian B. Goldberg, and the series also moved to a new filming location, Austin, Texas. The season follows a", "title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) text: even more depressing.\" Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) The fourth season of \"Fear the Walking Dead\", an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on April 15, 2018, and comprises 16 episodes split into two eight-episode parts. The second half of the season premiered on August 12, 2018, and concluded on September 30, 2018. It is a companion series to \"The Walking Dead\", and the season premiere contained the first crossover between the two series. The season features new showrunners Andrew Chambliss and Ian B. Goldberg, and the series also moved to a new filming location, Austin, Texas. The", "title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) text: very excited for people to see.\" The third episode of the season features the death of Nick Clark, played by Frank Dillane. In an interview after the episode had aired, Dillane revealed he asked to leave the show prior to the fourth season. The actor explained: On March 15, 2018, it was announced that the season premiere and the season eight finale of \"The Walking Dead\" would be screened at AMC, Regal, and Cinemark theaters across the United States on April 15, the same day as the televised airing, for \"Survival Sunday: \"The Walking Dead\" & \"Fear the Walking Dead\"\".", "title: Fear the Walking Dead text: the series had been renewed for a 16-episode third season, which premiered on June 4, 2017. In April 2017, AMC renewed the series for a 16-episode fourth season and announced that Andrew Chambliss and Ian Goldberg would replace the departing Dave Erickson as showrunners. The fourth season premiered on April 15, 2018. On July 28, 2018, the series was renewed for a fifth season, which is set to premiere in 2019. In September 2013, AMC announced they were developing a companion series to \"The Walking Dead\", which follows a different set of characters created by Robert Kirkman. In September 2014,", "title: Fear the Walking Dead (season 4) text: the third season, while four new cast members are introduced. Lennie James (who was a main cast member in \"The Walking Dead\"), moved to the main cast after his departure from \"The Walking Dead\". Maggie Grace, Garret Dillahunt and Jenna Elfman were added to the main cast. This is the first season not to include Cliff Curtis, Mercedes Mason, Daniel Sharman, Sam Underwood, Dayton Callie, Rubén Blades and Lisandra Tena (since their first appearances), who were all credited as main cast members in previous seasons. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On April 14, 2017, AMC renewed the series for a 16-episode fourth season and" ]

[ "thyroid gland" ]

[ "title: Iodine text: molecular weight of T and 59% of T. Fifteen to 20 mg of iodine is concentrated in thyroid tissue and hormones, but 70% of all iodine in the body is found in other tissues, including mammary glands, eyes, gastric mucosa, fetal thymus, cerebro-spinal fluid and choroid plexus, arterial walls, the cervix, and salivary glands. In the cells of those tissues, iodide enters directly by sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). The action of iodine in mammary tissue is related to fetal and neonatal development, but in the other tissues, it is (at least) partially unknown. Recommendations by the United States Institute of Medicine", "title: Iodine text: a number of body systems, including lactating breast, gastric mucosa, salivary glands, brain cells, choroid plexus, thymus, and arterial walls. Natural sources of dietary iodine include seafood, such as fish, seaweeds (such as kelp) and shellfish, dairy products and eggs so long as the animals received enough iodine, and plants grown on iodine-rich soil. Iodised salt is fortified with iodine in the form of sodium iodide. As of 2000, the median intake of iodine from food in the United States was 240 to 300 μg/day for men and 190 to 210 μg/day for women. The general US population has adequate", "title: Iodine deficiency text: 15–20 mg of iodine in the human body which is primarily concentrated in thyroid tissue and hormones, but 30% of iodine is distributed in other tissues, including mammary glands, eyes, gastric mucosa, choroid plexus, arterial walls, the cervix, and salivary glands. In the cells of these tissues, iodide enters directly by sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). The diagnostic workup of a suspected iodine deficiency includes signs and symptoms as well as possible risk factors mentioned above. A 24-hour urine iodine collection is a useful medical test, as approximately 90% of ingested iodine is excreted in the urine. For the standardized 24-hour test,", "title: Iodine in biology text: feeling); the peroxides are neutralized through the production of glutathione from selenium. In turn, an excess of selenium increases demand for iodine, and deficiency will result when a diet is high in selenium and low in iodine. The human body contains about 15–20 mg of iodine, mostly concentrated in thyroid tissue (70–80%). Extra-thyroidal iodine exists in several other organs, including the mammary glands, eyes, gastric mucosa, cervix, ovary and salivary glands. In the cells of these tissues the iodide ion (I) enters directly by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). Different tissue responses for iodine and iodide occur in the mammary glands", "title: Iodine text: It is even less abundant than the so-called rare earths. It is the heaviest essential mineral nutrient. Iodine is essential in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency affects about two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disabilities. The dominant producers of iodine today are Chile and Japan. Iodine and its compounds are primarily used in nutrition. Due to its high atomic number and ease of attachment to organic compounds, it has also found favour as a non-toxic radiocontrast material. Because of the specificity of its uptake by the human body, radioactive isotopes of iodine can" ]

[ "Sher Shah Suri" ]

[ "title: Mughal Empire text: country. The empire had an extensive road network, which was vital to the economic infrastructure, built by a public works department set up by the Mughals which designed, constructed and maintained roads linking towns and cities across the empire, making trade easier to conduct. The Mughals adopted and standardized the rupee (\"rupiya\", or silver) and dam (copper) currencies introduced by Sur Emperor Sher Shah Suri during his brief rule. The currency was initially 48 dams to a single rupee in the beginning of Akbar's reign, before it later became 38 dams to a rupee in the 1580s, with the dam's", "title: Rupee text: his brief rule between 1540 and 1545. Suri also introduced copper coins called \"dam\" and gold coins called \"mohur\" that weighed 169 grains (10.95 g). The Indian rupee was re-introduced in Medieval times, issued and termed as \"rupiya\", the silver coin, by Sher Shah Suri (1540–1545), continued by the Mughal rulers. The history of the rupee traces back to Ancient India circa 3rd century BC. Ancient India was one of the earliest issuers of coins in the world, along with the Lydian staters, several other Middle Eastern coinages and the Chinese wen. The term is from \"rūpya\", a Sanskrit term", "title: History of the rupee text: were developed in the Mughal style and those of Madras mostly in a South Indian style. The English coins of Western India developed along Mughal as well as English patterns. It was only in 1717 AD that the English obtained permission from the Emperor Farrukh Siyar to coin Mughal money at the Bombay mint. The British gold coins were termed Carolina, the silver coins Anglina, the copper coins Cupperoon and tin coins Tinny. By the early 1830, the English had become the dominant power in India. The Coinage Act of 1835 provided for uniform coinage throughout India. The new coins", "title: Economic history of India text: building an extensive road system, creating a uniform currency, and the unification of the country. The Mughals adopted and standardized the rupee currency introduced by Sur Emperor Sher Shah Suri. The Mughals minted tens of millions of coins, with purity of at least 96%, without debasement until the 1720s. The empire met global demand for Indian agricultural and industrial products. Cities and towns boomed under the Mughal Empire, which had a relatively high degree of urbanization (15% of its population lived in urban centres), more urban than Europe at the time and British India in the 19th century. Multiple cities", "title: History of the rupee text: grains, which was termed the \"Rupiya\". The silver coin remained in use during the Mughal period, the Maratha era (1674–1818) and in British India, as well. The British settlements in Western India, South India, and the Eastern Province of Bengal (Calcutta) independently developed different coinages in consonance with the local acceptability of the coins for the purposes of trade. There are many fake coins of East India Company, with Indian gods depicted on the obverse side as shown in side-bar. Original East India Company coins show only the coat of arms of the East India Company. The coins of Bengal" ]

[ "27 BC" ]

[ "title: Roman Empire text: Roman Empire The Roman Empire (, ; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. ; ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization. It had a government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome served as its capital until the seat of the imperial government was shifted to Constantinople by Constantine the Great in the 4th century AD. The previous Republic, which had replaced Rome's monarchy in the 6th century BC, became severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict.", "title: Republican empire text: one example of a republican empire. Originally, Rome was a monarchy, ruled directly by an absolute ruler. The king was later overthrown and replaced with a Republican system that protected certain rights of the citizens. Over time, the republic broke down as the Roman senate started to cede more and more authority to the consul. When Augustus took power the senate gave him the title of \"Imperator\", or \"emperor\" in English. Republican empire A republican empire is a form of government in which a country governed as a republic transitions into an empire. Examples of this process include the First", "title: Roman Republic text: Roman Republic The Roman Republic (, ; ) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. Roman society under the Republic was a cultural mix of Latin, Etruscan, and Greek elements, which is especially visible in the Roman Pantheon. Its political organisation was strongly influenced by the Greek city states of Magna Graecia, with collective", "title: Ancient Rome text: 27 BC and at the age of 36, Octavian was the sole Roman leader. In that year, he took the name \"Augustus\". That event is usually taken by historians as the beginning of Roman Empire – although Rome was an \"imperial\" state since 146 BC, when Carthage was razed by Scipio Aemilianus and Greece was conquered by Lucius Mummius. Officially, the government was republican, but Augustus assumed absolute powers. His reform of the government brought about a two-century period colloquially referred to by Romans as the Pax Romana. The Julio-Claudian dynasty was established by Augustus. The emperors of this dynasty", "title: Final War of the Roman Republic text: Cleopatra committed suicide. Following the end of the war, Octavian brought peace to the Roman state that had been plagued by a century of civil wars. Octavian became the most powerful man in the Roman world and the Senate bestowed upon him the name of Augustus in 27 BC. Octavian, now Augustus, would be the first Roman Emperor and would transform the oligarchic/democratic Republic into the autocratic Roman Empire. The last Republican Civil War would mark the beginning of the Pax Romana, which remains the longest period of peace and stability that Europe has seen in recorded history. Antony was" ]

[ "Lady Olenna Tyrell", "Lord Petyr Baelish", "Ser Dontos Hollard" ]

[ "title: Joffrey Baratheon text: the throne room, he presents an extremely offensive play of \"The War of the Five Kings, \" with each of the kings played by dwarves, to humiliate his uncle. He also repeatedly torments Tyrion and Sansa, forcing the former to be his cupbearer. At the conclusion of the dinner, however, Joffrey's wine is poisoned, and he dies in an event known as \"The Purple Wedding,\" in which Tyrion is falsely accused and arrested by Cersei in \"A Storm of Swords\" (2000). It is later revealed that Lady Olenna Tyrell and Lord Petyr Baelish were the true perpetrators, with assistance from", "title: Joffrey Baratheon text: from the physical and emotional abuse that Joffrey had very clearly inflicted on Sansa. Olenna Tyrell, Margaery's grandmother, later confides to Margaery that she would never have let her marry \"that beast\". Following Joffrey's funeral, his younger brother and heir, Tommen, is crowned King and proceeds to marry Joffrey's widow Margaery. It is later revealed that Joffrey was poisoned by Olenna with a rare and extremely dangerous poison, called The Strangler. This made him unable to breathe and turned his face purple. Jack Gleeson has received positive reviews for his role as Joffrey Baratheon in the television series. In 2016,", "title: Tyrion Lannister text: use the reveal that his first wife was not really a prostitute to motivate Tyrion to kill his father, and he does not lie to Jaime that he is guilty of killing Joffrey. Fearing for Shae's safety, Tyrion breaks up with her and orders her to leave for Pentos. She refuses until he calls her a whore, and declares that she cannot have his children. Joffrey is poisoned to death at his wedding feast, and Cersei immediately accuses Tyrion. At his trial, Shae appears to testify against him, falsely claiming that Sansa refused to bed Tyrion unless he killed Joffrey.", "title: Joffrey Baratheon text: Joffrey finally marries Margaery. During his wedding feast in the gardens of the Red Keep, he presents an extremely offensive play of \"The War of the Five Kings, \" with each of the kings played by dwarves, to humiliate his uncle. He also repeatedly torments Tyrion and Sansa, forcing the former to be his cupbearer. At the height of festivities, Joffrey is suddenly overcome by poison, and he dies. His uncle Tyrion is accused and arrested. It is confirmed, however, he was poisoned by Olenna Tyrell, with assistance from Petyr Baelish and Dontos Hollard, as she wanted to protect Margaery", "title: Tywin Lannister text: Robb's castle Winterfell). The three conspire to have Robb and his army slaughtered while camped at The Twins for Edmure Tully's wedding, and the War of Five Kings results in victory for House Lannister. However, Joffrey is poisoned soon after during his own wedding and Tyrion is accused of the murder, ultimately being found guilty and sentenced to death. Jaime and Varys release Tyrion from his cell, Jaime confessing that he felt compelled to do so for lying about Tysha, Tyrion's first wife who was smeared by Tywin to be a prostitute and gang-raped by Tywin's guards. Enraged, Tyrion enters" ]

[ "Siobhan Keegan", "Lee Strasberg", "George Burns", "Charles Hallahan", "Brian Neville", "Pamela Payton-Wright", "Art Carney" ]

[ "title: Going in Style (1979 film) text: Alan Arkin. The remake was released on April 7, 2017. Other crime caper films involving older perpetrators include: Going in Style (1979 film) Going in Style is a 1979 caper film written and directed by Martin Brest. It stars George Burns, Art Carney, Lee Strasberg, and Charles Hallahan. It was Brest's first commercial feature film. Joe (George Burns), Al (Art Carney), and Willie (Lee Strasberg) are three senior citizens who share a small apartment in Queens, New York City. Their days are spent on a park bench, and Joe is desperate to break the monotony. One day Joe suggests that", "title: Going in Style (1979 film) text: Going in Style (1979 film) Going in Style is a 1979 caper film written and directed by Martin Brest. It stars George Burns, Art Carney, Lee Strasberg, and Charles Hallahan. It was Brest's first commercial feature film. Joe (George Burns), Al (Art Carney), and Willie (Lee Strasberg) are three senior citizens who share a small apartment in Queens, New York City. Their days are spent on a park bench, and Joe is desperate to break the monotony. One day Joe suggests that they \"go on a stick-up.\" They have no experience as criminals, but after some reluctance the two others", "title: Martin Brest text: Martin Brest Martin Brest (born August 8, 1951) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. Brest was born in the Bronx, New York, and graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1969, from New York University's School of the Arts in 1973 and from the AFI Conservatory with an M.F.A. degree in 1977. His major studio debut was \"Going in Style\" (1979), which starred George Burns, Art Carney, and Lee Strasberg, the first of several films to mix action and comedy. Brest was then hired to direct \"WarGames\" (1983), which starred Matthew Broderick, but he was fired during production and", "title: Martin Brest text: the Library of Congress to \"be preserved as cultural, artistic and/or historical treasures\". Martin Brest Martin Brest (born August 8, 1951) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. Brest was born in the Bronx, New York, and graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1969, from New York University's School of the Arts in 1973 and from the AFI Conservatory with an M.F.A. degree in 1977. His major studio debut was \"Going in Style\" (1979), which starred George Burns, Art Carney, and Lee Strasberg, the first of several films to mix action and comedy. Brest was then hired to direct", "title: Mary Testa text: collaborator with such acclaimed musical dramatists as William Finn (\"Infinite Joy\", \"A New Brain\", \"In Trousers\") and Michael John LaChiusa (\"Marie Christine\", \"See What I Wanna See\", \"First Lady Suite\"), while also having appeared in the works of Stephen Sondheim, Kander & Ebb, Flaherty & Ahrens, and Leonard Bernstein, among other Off-Broadway and regional theatre credits. She also frequently performs in concerts and cabaret shows. Testa made her film debut in \"Going in Style\" (1979), and has appeared in numerous movie and television roles since, including Sophia in the 2003 sitcom \"Whoopi\", Zia Maria Luisa in the 2014 film \"Big" ]

[ "May 8, 2018" ]

[ "title: Pillars of Eternity text: I\" and \"II\" currently hold a score of 76% and 79% on Metacritic respectively, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". A sequel to \"Pillars of Eternity\" was confirmed by Obsidian in May 2016 along with possible plans to crowdfund the game. The campaign was launched on Fig on January 26, 2017, where it was officially announced as \"\". It was released on May 8, 2018 for Windows, macOS, and Linux. \"Pillars of Eternity\" was met with positive reviews upon its release; it is currently listed on Metacritic with a score of 89/100, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\" according to the site. \"The Escapist\"", "title: Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire text: Year\" at the 2018 Golden Joystick Awards, and for \"Best Role-Playing Game\" at The Game Awards 2018. Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire is a role-playing video game developed by Obsidian Entertainment and published by Versus Evil. It is the sequel to the 2015's \"Pillars of Eternity\", and was released for Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS in May 2018, and will be released for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in 2019. The game was announced with the launch of a crowdfunding campaign on Fig in January 2017, where the game reached its funding", "title: Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire text: production. Like its predecessor, Obsidian chose to launch a crowdfunding campaign to raise money for the development of \"Deadfire\". The campaign launched on January 26, 2017 on the Fig platform with a funding goal of million with 2.25 million open for equity. The funding goal was achieved in under 23 hours, and surpassed $4.4 million by the end of the campaign. The game was released for Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS on May 8, 2018, and will be released in 2019 for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One. A downloadable content pack, \"Critical Role Pack\" was released for", "title: Pillars of Eternity text: art, and a novella which was written by Chris Avellone. PlayStation 4 and Xbox One versions of the game were released on August 29, 2017, with the title \"Pillars of Eternity: Complete Edition\". Ported by Paradox Arctic, it contains the updated game and both parts of the expansion pack. A two-part expansion, \"Pillars of Eternity: The White March\", was announced by Obsidian at Electronic Entertainment Expo 2015. \"Part I\" was released on August 25, 2015, and \"Part II\" was released on February 16, 2016. It extended the game, raised the level cap, and added new party members and abilities. \"Part", "title: Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire text: Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire is a role-playing video game developed by Obsidian Entertainment and published by Versus Evil. It is the sequel to the 2015's \"Pillars of Eternity\", and was released for Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS in May 2018, and will be released for the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One in 2019. The game was announced with the launch of a crowdfunding campaign on Fig in January 2017, where the game reached its funding goal within a day. \"Pillars of Eternity II: Deadfire\" is a role-playing video game that is played" ]

[ "poet Narsinh Mehta" ]

[ "title: Vaishnava Jana To text: Vaishnava Jana To Vaishnava Jana To is a Hindu bhajan, written in the 15th century by the poet Narsinh Mehta in the Gujarati language. The poem speaks about the life, ideals and mentality of a Vaishnava Jana (a follower of Vishnu). In 1999, this song was rendered in a single album by artists such as classical vocalists Gangubai Hangal and Pandit Jasraj, pop singer Remo Fernandes and also including Sarod musician Amjad Ali Khan, Pandit Narayan on the sarangi, flute musician Hariprasad Chaurasia and santoor exponent Shivkumar Sharma played an instrumental rendition. Along with \"Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram\", the song", "title: Vaishnava Jana To text: is also sung regularly by classical choral group The Capital City Minstrels at their annual Peace Concerts coinciding with Gandhi Jayanti. Carnatic guitarist Baiju Dharmajan created an instrumental guitar version of the prayer in 2013. Elements of the hymn were included in the Hollywood film \"Gandhi\" (1982), in Bollywood films like \"Water\" (2005), \"Cheeni Kum\" (2007) and \"Road to Sangam\" (2009), and Kollywood film \"Hey Ram\" (2000). The hymn was also used as a title song for several Indian films. In the Telugu movie \"Prathinidhi\" (2014), the first stanza of the song is used during the climatic scene. In the", "title: Vaishnava Jana To text: Malayalam movie \"Indian Rupee\" (2011), the first stanza of the song is used in the climatic scene and sung by Bombay Jayashri. The song also appears in the Gujarati biopic of the author \"Kunvar Bainu Mameru\".\" An instrumental rendition of the song was featured in the strategy video game Sid Meier's Civilization VI as the musical theme for the Indian civilization. To commemorate Mahatma Gandhi on his 150th birth anniversary artists from 124 countries recreated this song. Vaishnava Jana To Vaishnava Jana To is a Hindu bhajan, written in the 15th century by the poet Narsinh Mehta in the Gujarati", "title: Mayank Chhaya text: Mayank Chhaya Mayank Chhaya is a journalist and writer based in Chicago. His career includes extensive reporting experience out of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the United States. He is a widely published commentator on South Asian and China-Tibet affairs. Since 1998 he has also been writing extensively about America in the wider international context. Chhaya is currently involved shooting and editing \"Gandhi's Song\", a feature-length documentary about the life and times of Narsinh Mehta, a 15th-century Indian poet-philosopher whose writings profoundly influenced Mohandas Gandhi. One of Mehta's songs \"Vaishnav Jan To\" was Gandhi's moral guiding force throughout his life.", "title: Mayank Chhaya text: Mayank Chhaya Mayank Chhaya is a journalist and writer based in Chicago. His career includes extensive reporting experience out of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the United States. He is a widely published commentator on South Asian and China-Tibet affairs. Since 1998 he has also been writing extensively about America in the wider international context. Chhaya is currently involved shooting and editing \"Gandhi's Song\", a feature-length documentary about the life and times of Narsinh Mehta, a 15th-century Indian poet-philosopher whose writings profoundly influenced Mohandas Gandhi. One of Mehta's songs \"Vaishnav Jan To\" was Gandhi's moral guiding force throughout his life." ]

[ "The Avengers (2012)" ]

[ "title: Thanos text: Thanos Thanos (, ) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character, created by writer/artist Jim Starlin, first appeared in \"The Invincible Iron Man\" #55 (cover dated February 1973). Thanos is one of the most powerful villains in the Marvel Universe and has clashed with many heroes including the Avengers, the Guardians of the Galaxy, the Fantastic Four, and the X-Men. The character appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, portrayed by Damion Poitier in \"The Avengers\" (2012), and by Josh Brolin in \"Guardians of the Galaxy\" (2014), \"\" (2015), \"\" (2018), and \"\"", "title: The Avengers (2012 film) text: McFeely, and was released on April 27, 2018. Much of the cast from the first two films return, with additional cast and characters joining from other MCU films, and Josh Brolin appearing as Thanos. \"Avengers: Endgame\", again directed by the Russo brothers from a script by Markus and McFeely, is scheduled for release on April 26, 2019. The Avengers (2012 film) Marvel's The Avengers (classified under the name Marvel Avengers Assemble in the United Kingdom and Ireland), or simply The Avengers, is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name, produced by", "title: Avengers: Infinity War text: title to \"Avengers: Infinity War\". Filming began in January 2017 at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County, Georgia, with a large cast consisting mostly of actors reprising their roles from previous MCU films, including Brolin as Thanos. The production lasted until July 2017, shooting back-to-back with a direct sequel, \"\". Additional filming took place in Scotland, England, the Downtown Atlanta area, and New York City. With an estimated budget in the range of $316–400 million, it is one of the most expensive films ever made. \"Avengers: Infinity War\" held its world premiere on April 23, 2018 in Los Angeles and", "title: Steve Rogers (Marvel Cinematic Universe) text: the Wakandan armies. Thanos defeats the Avengers, including Rogers, and retrieves the Mind Stone from Vision, destroying him in the process. Thanos activates the Infinity Gauntlet and people begin disintegrating; including Barnes and Wilson, although Rogers remains. The origin story of Captain America faithfully follows that of the comic books, but diverges from there. Steve Rogers in the MCU is confirmed superhuman, as well as notably in significantly changing the role of Bucky Barnes as the Winter Soldier. Furthermore, in the comic books, Steve Rogers is murdered at the event of the \"Civil War\" storyline, leading to Bucky Barnes becoming", "title: Avengers: Infinity War text: Infinity Gauntlet hidden on the game map and become Thanos with added abilities. The Russo brothers were fans of \"Fortnite\" and approached Donald Mustard, the worldwide creative director of Epic Games, about the potential for a crossover between the properties. On November 20, 2018, Little, Brown and Company published \"Marvel's Avengers: Infinity War: Thanos – Titan Consumed\", written by Barry Lyga. Despite not existing within Marvel Studios' MCU canon, the novel explores the origins of Thanos before the events of the film. Lyga noted he spoke with Marvel Studios to get an \"outline of who Thanos is and what he" ]

[ "four" ]

[ "title: 2018 FedEx Cup Playoffs text: 2018 FedEx Cup Playoffs The 2018 FedEx Cup Playoffs, the series of four golf tournaments that determined the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, was played from August 23 to September 23. It included the following four events: These were the 12th FedEx Cup playoffs since their inception in 2007. The point distributions can be seen here. The Northern Trust was played August 23–26. Of the 125 players eligible to play in the event, five did not enter: Rickie Fowler (ranked 17), Rory McIlroy (21), Henrik Stenson (50), Patrick Rodgers (93), and Bud Cauley (122). Brandt Snedeker (30) was", "title: 2017 FedEx Cup Playoffs text: 2017 FedEx Cup Playoffs The 2017 FedEx Cup Playoffs, the series of four golf tournaments that determined the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, was played from August 24 to September 24. It included the following four events: These were the eleventh FedEx Cup playoffs since their inception in 2007. The point distributions can be seen here. The Northern Trust was played August 24–27. Of the 125 players eligible to play in the event, five did not enter: Sergio García (ranked 22), Brandt Snedeker (64), Adam Scott (66), Scott Piercy (85), and Dominic Bozzelli (115). Of the 120 entrants,", "title: 2018 FedEx Cup Playoffs text: first player to win the FedEx Cup without winning any of the four events in the FedEx Cup Playoffs. Bryson DeChambeau, who led the rankings before the event, finished in 19th place and dropped to third place in the final rankings. For the full list, see here. Table key: <nowiki>*</nowiki> First-time Playoffs participant 2018 FedEx Cup Playoffs The 2018 FedEx Cup Playoffs, the series of four golf tournaments that determined the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, was played from August 23 to September 23. It included the following four events: These were the 12th FedEx Cup playoffs since", "title: Tour Championship text: Tour Championship The Tour Championship (stylized as the TOUR Championship) is a golf tournament that is part of the PGA Tour. It has historically been one of the final events of the PGA Tour season; prior to 2007, its field consisted exclusively of the top 30 money leaders of the past PGA Tour season. Since 2007, it has been the final event of the four-tournament FedEx Cup playoff, with eligibility determined by FedEx Cup points accumulated throughout the season. While originally followed by the PGA Tour Fall Series (for those competing for qualifying exemptions in the following season), a re-alignment", "title: 2017 FedEx Cup Playoffs text: BMW Championship. The Tour Championship was played September 21–24. All 30 golfers who qualified for the tournament played, and there was no cut. Xander Schauffele won by one stroke over Justin Thomas but Thomas won the FedEx Cup. For the full list, see here. Table key: <nowiki>*</nowiki> First-time Playoffs qualifier 2017 FedEx Cup Playoffs The 2017 FedEx Cup Playoffs, the series of four golf tournaments that determined the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, was played from August 24 to September 24. It included the following four events: These were the eleventh FedEx Cup playoffs since their inception in" ]

[ "southern Jordan" ]

[ "title: Petra text: became an abandoned place where only a handful of nomads lived. It remained unknown to the world until it was rediscovered in 1812 by Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. The city is accessed through a gorge called the Siq, which leads directly to the Khazneh. Famous for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit system, Petra is also called the Rose City due to the color of the stone out of which it is carved. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985. UNESCO has described it as \"one of the most precious cultural properties of man's cultural heritage\". In 2007,", "title: Petra text: Petra Petra (Arabic: البتراء, \"Al-Batrāʾ\"; Ancient Greek: Πέτρα), originally known to its inhabitants as Raqmu, is a historical and archaeological city in southern Jordan. Petra lies on the slope of Jabal Al-Madbah in a basin among the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah valley that run from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba. Petra is believed to have been settled as early as 9,000 BC, and it was possibly established in the 4th century BC as the capital city of the Nabataean Kingdom. The Nabataeans were nomadic Arabs who invested in Petra's proximity to the trade", "title: Petra text: last inhabitants abandoned the city (further weakened by another major earthquake in 551) when the Arabs conquered the region in 633. The old city of Petra was the capital of the Byzantine province of Palaestina III and many churches were excavated in and around Petra from the Byzantine era. In one of them 140 papyri were discovered which contained mainly contracts. The ruins of Petra were an object of curiosity during the Middle Ages and were visited by Sultan Baibars of Egypt towards the end of the 13th century. The first European to describe them was Swiss traveller Johann Ludwig", "title: Petra text: been identified since. Literature Plays Films TV Music and music videos Video games Notes Bibliography Petra Petra (Arabic: البتراء, \"Al-Batrāʾ\"; Ancient Greek: Πέτρα), originally known to its inhabitants as Raqmu, is a historical and archaeological city in southern Jordan. Petra lies on the slope of Jabal Al-Madbah in a basin among the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah valley that run from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba. Petra is believed to have been settled as early as 9,000 BC, and it was possibly established in the 4th century BC as the capital city of the", "title: Petra text: can be accessed from the West side of the Qasr al-Bint. According to Arab tradition, Petra is the spot where Moses (Musa) struck a rock with his staff and water came forth, and where Moses' brother, Aaron (Harun), is buried, at Mount Hor, known today as Jabal Haroun or Mount Aaron. The Wadi Musa or \"Wadi of Moses\" is the Arab name for the narrow valley at the head of which Petra is sited. A mountaintop shrine of Moses' sister Miriam was still shown to pilgrims at the time of Jerome in the 4th century, but its location has not" ]

[ "Selena Gomez" ]

[ "title: Instagram text: it had 5 million users, which increased to 10 million in September. This growth continued to 30 million users in April 2012, 80 million in July 2012, 100 million in February 2013, 130 million in June 2013, 150 million in September 2013, 300 million in December 2014, 400 million in September 2015, 500 million in June 2016, 600 million in December 2016, 700 million in April 2017, and 800 million in September 2017. In October 2016, Instagram Stories reached 100 million active users, two months after launch. This increased to 150 million in January 2017, 200 million in April, surpassing", "title: Instagram text: \"7x7Magazine\"'s September 2011 issue featured Systrom and Krieger on the cover of their \"The Hot 20 2011\" issue. In December 2011, Apple Inc. named Instagram the \"App of the Year\" for 2011. In 2015, Instagram was named No. 1 by Mashable on its list of \"The 100 best iPhone apps of all time,\" noting Instagram as \"one of the most influential social networks in the world.\" Instagram Instagram (also known as IG) is a photo and video-sharing social networking service owned by Facebook, Inc. It was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger, and launched in October 2010 exclusively on", "title: Celebrity branding text: are deciding to attempt to reach the largest assortment of potential consumers possible, rather than reaching a small number of consumers but more frequently – which is described as frequency (Belch & Belch, 2012). An example of the usefulness of a celebrity's reach can be shown in statistics taken from telegraph.co.uk regarding the world's most followed Instagram celebrities. The most followed Instagram celebrity is Selena Gomez, with each post that she makes being viewed by all or most of her 145 million followers. Cristiano Ronaldo is 2nd, with 144 million followers, and Ariana Grande is 3rd with 116 million followers.", "title: Kylie Jenner text: reached number one on the iTunes App Store. In 2014 and 2015, \"Time\" magazine listed the Jenner sisters on their list of the most influential teens in the world, citing their considerable influence among youth on social media. As of 2018, with over 100 million followers, she is one of the top 10 most followed people on Instagram. In 2017, Jenner was placed on the \"Forbes\" Celebrity 100 list, making her the youngest person to be featured on the list. Jenner starred on her own spin-off series, \"Life of Kylie\", which premiered on E! on August 6, 2017. According to", "title: Instagram text: videos to a sequential feed, with each post accessible by others for 24 hours each. After its launch in 2010, Instagram rapidly gained popularity, with one million registered users in two months, 10 million in a year, and 800 million . In April 2012, Facebook acquired the service for approximately US$1 billion in cash and stock. , over 40 billion photos had been uploaded to the service. Although praised for its influence, Instagram has been the subject of criticism, most notably for policy and interface changes, allegations of censorship, and illegal or improper content uploaded by users. Instagram began development" ]

[ "Bobby Pickett" ]

[ "title: Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation text: 2017, the film had been entitled as \"Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation\". One of the biggest challenges for the animation team was creating the massive Kraken character and simulating the water effects and destruction caused by the massive creature. Mark Mothersbaugh returned to score the third film, having previously scored the first two installments, while Sony Classical has released an official soundtrack of the trilogy. Dutch DJ Tiësto also provided music for the film's final battle. DNCE's song \"Cake by the Ocean\" and Pitbull's song Shake Senora were used in promotional material. I See Love performed by Jonas Blue ft.", "title: Dinah Jane text: second album \"7/27\" in May 2016. Their first two albums generated the singles \"Worth It\" and \"Work from Home\", respectively, which reached the top 10 in several international charts. The group also contributed music to the soundtrack of the animated film \"Hotel Transylvania 2\" with their song \"I'm in Love with a Monster\". They released their third self-titled third studio album, and first as a four member group on August 25, 2017. On March 19, 2018, the group announced an indefinite hiatus to focus on solo projects. In 2015, Hansen auditioned for the role of the main character in the", "title: Lauren Jauregui text: album \"Reflection\" in January 2015, and their second album \"7/27\" in May 2016. Their eponymous third album, and first as a foursome, \"Fifth Harmony\", was released in August 2017. Their first two albums generated the singles \"Worth It\" and \"Work from Home\", respectively, which reached the top 10 in several international charts. The group also contributed music to the soundtrack of the animated film \"Hotel Transylvania 2\" with their song \"I'm in Love with a Monster\". On March 19, 2018, the group announced an indefinite hiatus to focus on solo projects. After the release of \"Work from Home\", Jauregui continued", "title: Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation text: Joe Jonas was featured in the film's end-credits. Eric Nam recorded the song Float for the film. Joe Jonas also recorded It's Party Time for the film while he was voicing Kraken the sea monster. \"Summer Vacation\" was originally scheduled for release on September 21, 2018, a date that was later moved up two months, to July 13, 2018. A video game adaptation, titled \"Hotel Transylvania 3: Monsters Overboard\", was released for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch and Microsoft Windows on July 10, 2018. On June 21, 2018, Amazon announced it was offering its Amazon Prime members an", "title: Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation text: Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation (known internationally as Hotel Transylvania 3: A Monster Vacation) is a 2018 American 3D computer-animated comedy film produced by Sony Pictures Animation and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. The third installment in the \"Hotel Transylvania\" franchise, it is directed by Genndy Tartakovsky and written by Tartakovsky and Michael McCullers, and features Adam Sandler, Andy Samberg, Selena Gomez, Kevin James, David Spade, Steve Buscemi, Keegan-Michael Key, Molly Shannon, Fran Drescher, and Mel Brooks reprising their roles, as well as new additions to the cast including Kathryn Hahn and Jim Gaffigan. In" ]

[ "Atlanta, Georgia" ]

[ "title: Keeping Up with the Joneses (film) text: screenplay by Michael LeSieur, with Fox 2000 Pictures having their eyes set on Jon Hamm and Zach Galifianakis to star, Walter Parkes and Laurie MacDonald producing under their Parkes + MacDonald Image Nation banner, and Marc Resteghini serving as an executive producer. In October 2014, Isla Fisher joined the cast of the film, and the casting of Hamm and Galifianakis was confirmed. In February 2015, Gal Gadot was in negotiations to star in the film. In April 2015, Maribeth Monroe and Matt Walsh also joined the cast. Principal photography on the film began on April 20, 2015 in Atlanta, Georgia.", "title: Keeping Up with the Joneses (film) text: Keeping Up with the Joneses (film) Keeping Up with the Joneses is a 2016 American action comedy film directed by Greg Mottola and written by Michael LeSieur. Starring Zach Galifianakis, Jon Hamm, Isla Fisher and Gal Gadot, the film follows a suburban couple (Galifianakis and Fisher) who begin to suspect their new neighbors (Hamm and Gadot) are secret agents. The film was released on October 21, 2016 by 20th Century Fox, received generally negative reviews and was a box office bomb, grossing $29 million against its $40 million budget. Jeff Gaffney (Zach Galifianakis) works as a Human Resources professional at", "title: Keeping Up with the Joneses (film) text: The film was originally scheduled to be released on April 1, 2016 but was pushed back to October 21, 2016. \"Keeping Up with the Joneses\" grossed $14.9 million in North America and $15 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $29.9 million, against a budget of $40 million. The film was expected to gross $7–9 million from about 3,022 theaters in its opening weekend. However, it only grossed $2 million on its first day and $5.6 million in its opening weekend, finishing 7th at the box office, and making $1 million less than Galifianakis' \"Masterminds\", which debuted to", "title: Keeping Up with the Joneses (film) text: a Defense contractor company called MBI, based in Atlanta. He and his wife Karen (Isla Fisher) live in a nice cul-de-sac with their two children, who are away at summer camp. They make the acquaintance of their two new neighbors, Tim (Jon Hamm) and Natalie Jones (Gal Gadot). Tim is a travel writer whose hobbies include glassblowing, and Natalie is a social media consultant, cooking blogger and philanthropist. They are both impossibly good-looking, accomplished and stylish, yet overly friendly with the Gaffneys. Karen starts having suspicions about the Joneses when she catches Tim poking around Jeff's den during a neighborhood", "title: Jon Hamm text: voice of Herb Overkill. \"Minions\" was a major box office success; despite mixed reviews, it grossed a total of over $1 billion worldwide. Hamm featured in the comedy \"Keeping Up with the Joneses\", alongside Zach Galifianakis and Gal Gadot; the film was filmed during the spring of 2015, and was released during October 2016 after being delayed seven months. He appeared in the science fiction film \"Marjorie Prime\", which premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival, Edgar Wright's comedy crime film \"Baby Driver\", which premiered at the 2017 South by Southwest Festival, and the drama \"Aardvark\", which premiered at the" ]

[ "Alexandrea Borstein" ]

[ "title: Alex Borstein text: named Henrietta Borstein Douglas (born October 1, 2012). Alex Borstein Alexandrea Borstein (born February 15, 1971) is an American actress, writer, producer, and comedian. She is best known for voicing the role of Lois Griffin on the animated comedy series \"Family Guy\" (1999–present), for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award from multiple nominations. Borstein also had lead roles as various characters on the sketch comedy series \"MADtv\" (1997–2009), Dawn Forchette in the medical comedy series \"Getting On\" (2013–15), and Susie Myerson in the historical comedy-drama series \"The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel\" (2017–present), the latter of which earned her a Primetime", "title: Alex Borstein text: Alex Borstein Alexandrea Borstein (born February 15, 1971) is an American actress, writer, producer, and comedian. She is best known for voicing the role of Lois Griffin on the animated comedy series \"Family Guy\" (1999–present), for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award from multiple nominations. Borstein also had lead roles as various characters on the sketch comedy series \"MADtv\" (1997–2009), Dawn Forchette in the medical comedy series \"Getting On\" (2013–15), and Susie Myerson in the historical comedy-drama series \"The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel\" (2017–present), the latter of which earned her a Primetime Emmy Award. She had supporting roles in numerous", "title: Antonella Rinaldi text: Antonella Rinaldi Antonella Rinaldi (born October 12, 1954) is an Italian actress and voice actress. Rinaldi was born in Rome. She is the daughter of historic actor and voice-over artist Giuseppe Rinaldi and actress Marina Dolfin and her maternal grandmother was operatic soprano Toti Dal Monte. She is best known for voicing Lois Griffin in the Italian-Language version of the animated sitcom \"Family Guy\". She has also dubbed Jennifer Jason Leigh, Laura Linney, Jennifer Tilly, Amanda Plummer and Andie MacDowell in some of their films. In 2011, she and her husband Mauro Gravina made a guest appearance on the web", "title: Family Guy text: the voice of English actor Rex Harrison, especially his performance in the 1964 musical drama film \"My Fair Lady\". MacFarlane uses his regular speaking voice when playing Brian. MacFarlane also provides the voices for various other recurring and one-time-only characters, most prominently those of the Griffins' neighbor Glenn Quagmire, news anchor Tom Tucker, and Lois' father, Carter Pewterschmidt. Alex Borstein voices Peter's wife Lois Griffin, Asian correspondent Tricia Takanawa, Loretta Brown, and Lois' mother, Barbara Pewterschmidt. Borstein was asked to provide a voice for the pilot while she was working on \"MADtv\". She had not met MacFarlane or seen any", "title: Antonella Rinaldi text: show \"\" From her marriage to voice actor Mauro Gravina, they have a daughter, Benedetta, who is also a voice actress. Antonella Rinaldi Antonella Rinaldi (born October 12, 1954) is an Italian actress and voice actress. Rinaldi was born in Rome. She is the daughter of historic actor and voice-over artist Giuseppe Rinaldi and actress Marina Dolfin and her maternal grandmother was operatic soprano Toti Dal Monte. She is best known for voicing Lois Griffin in the Italian-Language version of the animated sitcom \"Family Guy\". She has also dubbed Jennifer Jason Leigh, Laura Linney, Jennifer Tilly, Amanda Plummer and Andie" ]

[ "Cambodian Civil War" ]

[ "title: Cold War text: North Vietnam invaded and occupied parts of Cambodia to use as military bases, which contributed to the violence of the Cambodian Civil War between the pro-American government of Lon Nol and communist Khmer Rouge insurgents. Documents uncovered from the Soviet archives reveal that the North Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia in 1970 was launched at the request of the Khmer Rouge after negotiations with Nuon Chea. US and South Vietnamese forces responded to these actions with a bombing campaign and ground incursion, the effects of which are disputed by historians. Under the leadership of Pol Pot, the Khmer Rouge would eventually", "title: Cambodian Campaign text: Cambodian Campaign The Cambodian Campaign (also known as the Cambodian Incursion and the Cambodian Invasion) was a series of military operations conducted in eastern Cambodia during 1970 by the United States and the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) as an extension of the Vietnam War and the Cambodian Civil War. The invasions were a policy of President Richard Nixon; 13 major operations were conducted by the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) between 29 April and 22 July and by US forces between 1 May and 30 June. The objective of the campaign was the defeat of the approximately", "title: Cambodian humanitarian crisis text: with the crisis with the \"land bridge\", one of the largest humanitarian aid efforts ever undertaken. From 1981 to 1991, the guerrilla war against the Vietnamese and Cambodian government continued and hundreds of thousands of Cambodians continued to reside in refugee camps in Thailand or on the border with Thailand. About 260,000 of the refugees were resettled abroad, more than one-half of them in the United States. The final phase of the Cambodian humanitarian crisis was its resolution in 1991-1993. Vietnam withdrew from the country and the United Nations led Cambodia toward an elected government and repatriated 360,000 Cambodians, emptying", "title: Cambodian humanitarian crisis text: Cambodian humanitarian crisis The Cambodian humanitarian crisis from 1969 to 1993 consisted of a series of related events which resulted in the death, displacement, or resettlement abroad of millions of Cambodians. The crisis had several phases. First was the Cambodian Civil War between the Lon Nol government and the communist Khmer Rouge from 1970 to 1975. This phase was also marked by intensive United States bombing from 1969 to 1973 of the Khmer Rouge and sanctuaries and bases inside Cambodia of the North Vietnamese Army as part of its strategy to win the Vietnam War. The second phase was the", "title: Japanese occupation of Cambodia text: Japanese occupation of Cambodia The Japanese occupation of Cambodia was the period of Cambodian history during World War II when the Kingdom of Cambodia was occupied by the Japanese. The Vichy French, who were a client state of Nazi Germany, nominally maintained a French protectorate over Cambodia and other parts of Indochina during most of the Japanese occupation. The liberation of Paris occurred in the late summer of 1944, and in early 1945 a Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina caused Cambodia to officially separate from newly liberated France. Cambodia declared itself an independent nation, and the Japanese military presence" ]

[ "Council of Ministers" ]

[ "title: President of India text: subordinate to him in accordance with the constitution. When parliament thinks fit it may accord additional executive powers to the president per which may be further delegated by the president to the governors of states per . Union cabinet with prime minister as its head, should aid and advice the president in performing his functions. Per Article 74 (2), the council of ministers or prime minister are not accountable legally to the advice tendered to the president but it is the sole responsibility of the president to ensure compliance with the constitution in performing his duties. President or his subordinate", "title: Article 74 of the Constitution of India text: shall not be inquired into in any court. Before the 42nd amendment, stated that, \"there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions\". However, there was a slight ambiguity whether the advice of the Council of Ministers is binding on the President. Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India (1976) made it explicit that the President \"shall\", \"act in accordance with such advice\". The amendment went into effect from 3 January 1977. The 44th Amendment (1978) however added that the President can send", "title: Prime Minister of India text: 1984 to get a majority in the Lok Sabha. Narendra Modi—the Chief Minister of Gujarat—was elected prime minister, becoming the first prime minister to have been born in an independent India. The Constitution envisions a scheme of affairs in which the President of India is the head of state; in terms of Article 53 with office of the prime minister being the head of Council of Ministers to assist and advise the president in the discharge of his/her constitutional functions. To quote, Article 53, and 75 provide as under; Like most parliamentary democracies, the president's duties are mostly ceremonial as", "title: President of India text: India—who is the Indian government's chief legal adviser—is appointed by the President of India under Article 76(1) and holds office during the pleasure of the president. If the president considers a question of law or a matter of public importance has arisen, he can also ask for the advisory opinion of the supreme court per . Per , President can ask the Attorney General to attend the parliamentary proceedings and report to him any unlawful functioning if any. The president appoints as prime minister, the person most likely to command the support of the majority in the Lok Sabha (usually", "title: Constitution of India text: with the executive directly accountable to the legislature. The President of India is head of the executive branch, under Articles 52 and 53, with the duty of preserving, protecting and defending the constitution and the law under . Article 74 provides for a Prime Minister as head of the Council of Ministers, which aids and advises the president in the performance of their constitutional duties. The council is answerable to the lower house under Article 75(3). The constitution is considered federal in nature, and unitary in spirit. It has features of a federation (a codified, supreme constitution, a three-tier governmental" ]

[ "Karikala Chola" ]

[ "title: Chola dynasty text: Chola dynasty The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in history. The earliest datable references to this Tamil dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Ashoka, of the Maurya Empire (Ashoka Major Rock Edict No.13). As one of the Three Crowned Kings of Tamilakam, the dynasty continued to govern over varying territory until the 13th century CE. The heartland of the Cholas was the fertile valley of the Kaveri River, but they ruled a significantly larger area at the height of their power from the later half of the 9th century till the beginning", "title: Early Cholas text: Cholan including the historical ones of Karikala, Perunarkilli and Kocengannan. The Thiruvalangadu Plate swells this list to forty-four, and the Kanyakumari Plate runs up to fifty-two. There are other lists gathered from literary works such as \"Kalingathuparani\". No two of these lists agree, although some names and details are common to all. The earliest Chola kings of whom we have tangible evidence are those mentioned in the Sangam literature, written in the period 200 BCE–300 CE. Unfortunately, it has not been possible to piece together an internal chronology of the Sangam works. Due to this, we know of several rulers,", "title: Chola dynasty text: during the medieval period. Through their leadership and vision, Chola kings expanded their territory and influence. The second Chola King, Aditya I, caused the demise of the Pallava dynasty and defeated the Pandyan dynasty of Madurai in 885, occupied large parts of the Kannada country, and had marital ties with the Western Ganga dynasty. In 925, his son Parantaka I conquered Sri Lanka (known as Ilangai). Parantaka I also defeated the Rashtrakuta dynasty under Krishna II in the battle of Vallala. Rajaraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I were the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty, extending it beyond the", "title: Chola dynasty text: Cholas under Vijayalaya (c. 848), the dynasty of Vijayalaya, and finally the Later Chola dynasty of Kulothunga Chola I from the third quarter of the 11th century. The earliest Chola kings for whom there is tangible evidence are mentioned in the Sangam literature. Scholars generally agree that this literature belongs to the second or first few centuries of the common era. The internal chronology of this literature is still far from settled, and at present a connected account of the history of the period cannot be derived. It records the names of the kings and the princes, and of the", "title: Legendary early Chola kings text: claimed by the later Cholas in the long typical genealogies incorporated into the copper-plate charters and stone inscription of the tenth and eleventh centuries. The earliest version of this is found in the kilbil Plates which gives fifteen names before Chola including the genuinely historical ones of Karikala, Perunarkilli and Kocengannan. The Thiruvalangadu Plate swells this list to forty-four, and the Kanya Plate runs up to fifty-two. The Cholas were looked upon as descended from the sun. These myths speak of a Chola king, supposed contemporary of the sage Agastya, whose devotion brought the river Kavery into existence. There is" ]

[ "Boudica" ]

[ "title: Boudica text: Boudica Boudica or Boudicca (also Boadicea or Boudicea , and known in Welsh as ) was a queen of the British Celtic Iceni tribe who led an uprising against the occupying forces of the Roman Empire in AD 60 or 61, and died shortly after its failure, having supposedly poisoned herself. She is considered a British folk hero. Boudica's husband, Prasutagus, ruled as a nominally independent ally of Rome, and left his kingdom jointly to his daughters and to the Roman emperor in his will. However, when he died, his will was ignored, and the kingdom was annexed and his", "title: Boudica text: Owain Glyndŵr was surprising to many—of the statues Buddug is the most ancient, the only female, and the only antecedent from outside the modern Welsh nation. Boudica Boudica or Boudicca (also Boadicea or Boudicea , and known in Welsh as ) was a queen of the British Celtic Iceni tribe who led an uprising against the occupying forces of the Roman Empire in AD 60 or 61, and died shortly after its failure, having supposedly poisoned herself. She is considered a British folk hero. Boudica's husband, Prasutagus, ruled as a nominally independent ally of Rome, and left his kingdom jointly", "title: Boudica (film) text: Boudica (film) Boudica (released in the United States as Warrior Queen) is a British television film released in 2003. Starring Alex Kingston, Steven Waddington and Emily Blunt, in her film debut, the film is a biopic of the queen of the Iceni tribe, Boudica. Boudica, the Warrior Queen of Britain, leads her tribe into rebellion against the Roman Empire and the mad Emperor of Rome Nero. The film used locations in the United Kingdom and Romania. The Boudica statue by Thomas Thornycroft near Westminster Pier, London, was used for the film's closing scenes in modern-day London. In Romania, the MediaPro", "title: Iceni text: Thames at that time. The Iceni were a significant power in eastern Britain during Claudius' conquest of Britain in AD 43, in which they allied with Rome. Increasing Roman influence on their affairs led to revolt in AD 47, though they remained nominally independent under king Prasutagus until his death around AD 60. Roman encroachment after Prasutagus' death led his wife Boudica to launch a major revolt from 60–61. Boudica's uprising seriously endangered Roman rule in Britain and resulted in the burning of Londinium and other cities. The Romans finally crushed the rebellion, and the Iceni were increasingly incorporated into", "title: Venta Icenorum text: Venta Icenorum Venta Icenorum, located at modern-day Caistor St Edmund in the English county of Norfolk, was the civitas or capital of the Iceni tribe, who inhabited the flatlands and marshes of that county and are famous for having revolted against Roman rule under their queen Boudica (or Boadicea) in the winter of 61 AD. The town itself was probably laid out, and its first streets metalled, approximately in the first half of the second century. The town, which is mentioned in the \"Ravenna Cosmography\", and the \"Antonine Itinerary\", was a settlement near the village of Caistor St. Edmund, some" ]

[ "aqueducts" ]

[ "title: Roman aqueduct text: Roman aqueduct The Romans constructed aqueducts throughout their Republic and later Empire, to bring water from outside sources into cities and towns. Aqueduct water supplied public baths, latrines, fountains, and private households; it also supported mining operations, milling, farms, and gardens. Aqueducts moved water through gravity alone, along a slight overall downward gradient within conduits of stone, brick, or concrete; the steeper the gradient, the faster the flow. Most conduits were buried beneath the ground and followed the contours of the terrain; obstructing peaks were circumvented or, less often, tunneled through. Where valleys or lowlands intervened, the conduit was carried", "title: Ancient Roman architecture text: included sedimentation tanks, sluices and distribution tanks to regulate the supply at need. Rome's first aqueduct supplied a water-fountain sited at the city's cattle market. By the third century AD, the city had eleven aqueducts, sustaining a population of over a million in a water-extravagant economy; most of the water supplied the city's many public baths. Cities and municipalities throughout the Roman Empire emulated this model, and funded aqueducts as objects of public interest and civic pride, \"an expensive yet necessary luxury to which all could, and did, aspire.\" Most Roman aqueducts proved reliable, and durable; some were maintained into", "title: Roman aqueduct text: and used similar methods as that developed by the Romans with leats tapping local rivers and streams. Roman aqueduct The Romans constructed aqueducts throughout their Republic and later Empire, to bring water from outside sources into cities and towns. Aqueduct water supplied public baths, latrines, fountains, and private households; it also supported mining operations, milling, farms, and gardens. Aqueducts moved water through gravity alone, along a slight overall downward gradient within conduits of stone, brick, or concrete; the steeper the gradient, the faster the flow. Most conduits were buried beneath the ground and followed the contours of the terrain; obstructing", "title: Sanitation in ancient Rome text: Sanitation in ancient Rome Sanitation in ancient Rome was well advanced compared to other ancient cities and was providing water supply and sanitation services to residents of Rome. The latrines are the best-preserved feature at Housesteads Roman Fort on Hadrian's Wall. The soldiers sat on wooden boards with holes, which covered one big trench. Water ran in a big ditch at the soldiers' feet. A system of eleven Roman aqueducts provided the inhabitants of Rome with water of varying quality, the best being reserved for potable supplies. Poorer-quality water was used in public baths and in latrines. Latrine systems have", "title: Roman aqueduct text: on bridgework, or its contents fed into high-pressure lead, ceramic, or stone pipes and siphoned across. Most aqueduct systems included sedimentation tanks, which helped reduce any water-borne debris. Sluices and \"castella aquae\" (distribution tanks) regulated the supply to individual destinations. In cities and towns, the run-off water from aqueducts scoured the drains and sewers. Rome's first aqueduct was built in 312 BC, and supplied a water fountain at the city's cattle market. By the 3rd century AD, the city had eleven aqueducts, sustaining a population of over a million in a water-extravagant economy; most of the water supplied the city's" ]

[ "The Beatles" ]

[ "title: The Beatles text: they each enjoyed success as solo artists. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of lung cancer in November 2001. McCartney and Starr remain musically active. The Beatles are the best-selling band in history, with estimated sales of over 800 million records worldwide. They are the best-selling music artists in the United States, with 178 million certified units. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988, and all four main members were inducted individually from 1994 to 2015. They have also had more number-one albums on the British charts and", "title: The Beatles text: the Beatles have four Multi-Platinum albums, four Platinum albums, eight Gold albums and one Silver album. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988. The best-selling band in history, the Beatles have sold more than 800 million physical and digital albums . They have had more number-one albums on the UK charts, fifteen, and sold more singles in the UK, 21.9 million, than any other act. In 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked the Beatles as the best artist of all time. They ranked number one on \"Billboard\" magazine's list of the all-time most successful Hot 100", "title: Chopard Diamond award text: became the fifth recipient of the award With estimated sales as high as 65 million copies worldwide, his 1982 album \"Thriller\" remains the best-selling album of all time. Jackson is reported by his estate to have sold as much as 350 million units throughout the world. Following Jackson's acknowledgement in 2006, The Beatles became the sixth act and second band to be honored with the Diamond award, after receiving it in 2008. The English group are the biggest-selling band in musical history, with alleged sales of 1 billion units worldwide. Overall, four solo musicians and two bands have received the", "title: The Beatles text: artists, released in 2008 to celebrate the US singles chart's 50th anniversary. , they hold the record for most number-one hits on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, with twenty. The Recording Industry Association of America certifies that the Beatles have sold 178 million units in the US, more than any other artist. They were collectively included in \"Time\" magazine's compilation of . In 2014, they received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Principal members Early members Touring musician Timeline The above albums were reissued on CD in 1987, followed by the 1988 compilations \"Past Masters – Volume One\" and \"Past Masters –", "title: Cultural impact of the Beatles text: charts. In the United States for the years 1964 to 1966, the group achieved 12 number-one singles and nine number-one albums on the \"Billboard\" charts; by comparison, the Rolling Stones and the Beach Boys each had three chart-topping singles and one number-one album. In the US, in the case of singles for the decade, the Beatles headed Elvis Presley, Ray Charles, Brenda Lee, the Supremes and the Beach Boys; in albums sales, they were followed by Presley, Sinatra, Herb Alpert, the Kingston Trio and Andy Williams. The Beach Boys, along with the Four Seasons, were the only two American pop" ]

[ "Jennings", "Allsup" ]

[ "title: The Day the Music Died text: flipped the coin in the ballroom's side-stage room shortly before the musicians departed for the airport. Valens won the coin toss for the seat on the flight. In contradiction to the testimony of Allsup and Jennings, Dion has since said that Holly approached him along with Valens and Richardson to join the flight, not Holly's bandmates. In a 2009 interview, Dion claimed that Holly called him, Valens, and Richardson into a vacant dressing room during Sardo's performance and said \"I've chartered a plane, we're the guys making the money [we should be the ones flying ahead]...the only problem is there", "title: The Day the Music Died text: are only two available seats.\" According to Dion, it was Valens, not Richardson, who had fallen ill, so Valens and Dion flipped a coin for the seat. In his interview, no mention is made of Jennings or Allsup being invited on the plane. Dion claims that he won the toss, but ultimately decided that since the $36 fare (equivalent to US$ in today's money) equaled the monthly rent his parents paid for his childhood apartment, he could not justify the indulgence. After the show ended, Anderson drove Holly, Valens, and Richardson to the Mason City Municipal Airport. The weather at", "title: The Day the Music Died text: as the following day, they were scheduled to travel back almost directly south to Sioux City, Iowa, a 325-mile trip. Holly decided to charter a plane to take himself and his band to Fargo, North Dakota, which is adjacent to Moorhead. The rest of the party would have picked him up in Moorhead, saving him the journey in the bus and leaving him time to get some rest. Anderson called Hubert Jerry Dwyer (1930–2016), owner of the Dwyer Flying Service, a company in Mason City, to charter the plane to fly to Hector Airport in Fargo, the closest one to", "title: The Day the Music Died text: The Day the Music Died On February 3, 1959, American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. \"The Big Bopper\" Richardson were killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa, together with pilot Roger Peterson. The event later became known as \"The Day the Music Died\", after singer-songwriter Don McLean referred to it as such in his 1971 song \"American Pie\". At the time, Holly and his band, consisting of Waylon Jennings, Tommy Allsup, and Carl Bunch, were playing on the \"Winter Dance Party\" tour across the Midwest. Rising artists Valens, Richardson and Dion and", "title: The Day the Music Died text: contracted flu during the tour and asked Jennings for his seat on the plane. When Holly learned that Jennings was not going to fly, he said in jest: \"Well, I hope your ol' bus freezes up.\" Jennings responded: \"Well, I hope your ol' plane crashes\", a humorous but ill-fated response that haunted him for the rest of his life. Valens, who once had a fear of flying, asked Allsup for his seat on the plane. The two agreed to toss a coin to decide. Bob Hale, a disc jockey with Mason City's KRIB-AM, was working the concert that night and" ]

[ "white rose of the Yorkists", "peace", "Wars of the Roses", "red rose of the Lancastrians" ]

[ "title: Rose (symbolism) text: saint of the Catalonia region; as the \"dia dels enamorats\" (lovers' day), on which lovers exchange blood-red roses. The rose is the national flower of England, a usage dating back to the English civil wars of the fifteenth century (later called Wars of the Roses), in which a red rose represented the House of Lancaster, and a white rose represented the House of York. The Tudor dynasty created the Tudor rose, which united both the white and the red roses, a symbolism dramatized by Shakespeare in his play \"Richard III\". The traditional ballad \"The Rose of England\" (Child 166) recounts", "title: Culture of the United Kingdom text: Ireland were united in 1603, they were integrated into the unified royal coat of arms Each of the four countries of the UK has a traditional floral emblem. The red rose is the national flower of England, and its use dates from the reign of Henry VII who chose a red rose, representing Lancaster, and a white rose, representing York. As a result, the English civil wars in the 15th century came to be called the Wars of the Roses. The national flower of Scotland is the thistle, of Northern Ireland is the flax flower and the shamrock, and of", "title: The Rose of England text: The Rose of England The Rose of England is Child ballad 166. It is an account of Henry VII of England claiming the throne from Richard III of England, frequently allegorically. It may be the oldest ballad on the Battle of Bosworth, and as old as 1485, but the earliest manuscript is from the mid-seventeenth century. A lovely garden (England) had a rose tree, which produced a king over England, France, and Ireland. A boar wrought havoc in the garden, but an eagle bore a rose away to safety. The rose returned and asked the eagle, his father, for aid.", "title: Rose of England text: for his comic song \"I've got a ferret sticking up my nose\" on I'm Sorry I'll Read That Again. The flower to which the song's lyrics refer is one of England's national emblems, the Tudor Rose. The song's popularity has led to some calls for it to replace \"God Save the Queen\" as the English sporting anthem. The song was played by Maggie Smith in the motion picture \"A Private Function\" and by Patricia Routledge in an episode of \"Keeping Up Appearances\". Rose of England \"Rose of England\" is a patriotic song written by Welsh composer Ivor Novello in 1937", "title: England text: There are numerous other symbols and symbolic artefacts, both official and unofficial, including the Tudor rose, the nation's floral emblem, and the Three Lions featured on the Royal Arms of England. The Tudor rose was adopted as a national emblem of England around the time of the Wars of the Roses as a symbol of peace. It is a syncretic symbol in that it merged the white rose of the Yorkists and the red rose of the Lancastrians—cadet branches of the Plantagenets who went to war over control of the nation. It is also known as the \"Rose of England\"." ]

[ "Saleisha Stowers" ]

[ "title: America's Next Top Model (season 9) text: America's Next Top Model (season 9) The ninth cycle of America's Next Top Model was the third season of the series to be aired on The CW network. This cycle's promotional tagline was \"The Future Of Fashion.\" The promotional song was \"Shut Up and Drive\" by Rihanna. The prizes for this cycle were: The international destinations for this cycle were St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda (for the semi-finals) and Shanghai and Beijing, China. Among the thirteen finalists was 21-year-old Heather Kuzmich, who has Asperger's syndrome, an autism spectrum disorder. The season averaged 5.12 million viewers, making the cycle one of", "title: Sal Stowers text: Sal Stowers Saleisha Lashawn Stowers (born January 20, 1986) is an American actress and model. She is best known for being the winner season 9 of \"America's Next Top Model\". She is also known for portraying the role of Lani Price on NBC's soap opera \"Days of Our Lives\". Stowers was born in Pasadena, California. She was raised in Madera by her grandmother. She then moved to Los Angeles, where she worked as a receptionist before appearing on \"America's Next Top Model\". Stowers was signed with Photogenics Model Management and had also appeared in a commercial for fast-food restaurant Wendy's,", "title: America's Next Top Model (season 9) text: the most successful in the show's history. This was also the last cycle to date in which Twiggy was featured as a judge. For cycle 10, she was replaced by Paulina Porizkova. The winner was 21-year-old Saleisha Stowers from Los Angeles, California. \"First aired September 19, 2007\" \"First aired September 26, 2007\" \"First aired October 3, 2007\" \"First aired October 10, 2007\" \"First aired October 17, 2007\" \"First aired October 24, 2007\" \"First aired October 31, 2007\" \"First aired November 7, 2007\" \"First aired November 14, 2007\" \"First aired November 21, 2007\" \"First aired November 28, 2007\" \"First aired December", "title: America's Next Top Model (season 9) text: 5, 2007\" \"First aired December 12, 2007\" America's Next Top Model (season 9) The ninth cycle of America's Next Top Model was the third season of the series to be aired on The CW network. This cycle's promotional tagline was \"The Future Of Fashion.\" The promotional song was \"Shut Up and Drive\" by Rihanna. The prizes for this cycle were: The international destinations for this cycle were St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda (for the semi-finals) and Shanghai and Beijing, China. Among the thirteen finalists was 21-year-old Heather Kuzmich, who has Asperger's syndrome, an autism spectrum disorder. The season averaged 5.12", "title: America's Next Top Model text: reviewed the best catfights, mishaps and most memorable photo shoots, personalities, defining moments and contained other segments about the show since cycles 1 to 9, and featured a special opening fusing all three openings together. Camille McDonald (cycles 2 and 17), Toccara Jones (cycle 3), Eva Pigford (cycle 3 winner), Bre Scullark (cycles 5 and 17), Cassandra Whitehead (cycle 5), Joanie Dodds (cycle 6), Jael Strauss (cycle 8), Dionne Walters (cycle 8), Heather Kuzmich (cycle 9), and Bianca Golden (cycles 9 and 17) all returned to comment on events that happened in their or other cycles. After announcing that the" ]

[ "Donatello" ]

[ "title: Renaissance art text: Renaissance art Renaissance art is the painting, sculpture and decorative arts of the period of European history, emerging as a distinct style in Italy in about 1400, in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy, literature, music, and science. Renaissance art, perceived as the noblest of ancient traditions, took as its foundation the art of Classical antiquity, but transformed that tradition by absorbing recent developments in the art of Northern Europe and by applying contemporary scientific knowledge. Renaissance art, with Renaissance Humanist philosophy, spread throughout Europe, affecting both artists and their patrons with the development of new techniques and new", "title: Renaissance art text: Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting for 16th-century artists\" Renaissance art Renaissance art is the painting, sculpture and decorative arts of the period of European history, emerging as a distinct style in Italy in about 1400, in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy, literature, music, and science. Renaissance art, perceived as the noblest of ancient traditions, took as its foundation the art of Classical antiquity, but transformed that tradition by absorbing recent developments in the art of Northern Europe and by applying contemporary scientific knowledge. Renaissance art, with Renaissance Humanist philosophy, spread throughout Europe, affecting both artists and their patrons", "title: Renaissance art text: linear and atmospheric perspective, anatomy, foreshortening and characterisation that had been carried to a high point in the large Florentine studios of Ghiberti, Verrocchio, Ghirlandaio and Perugino. The artists of France, (including duchies such as Burgundy) were often associated with courts, providing illuminated manuscripts and portraits for the nobility as well as devotional paintings and altarpieces. Among the most famous were the Limbourg brothers, Flemish illuminators and creators of the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry. Jean Fouquet, painter of the royal court, visited Italy in 1437 and reflects the influence of Florentine painters such as Paolo Uccello. Although", "title: Renaissance art text: artistic sensibilities. Renaissance art marks the transition of Europe from the medieval period to the Early Modern age. In many parts of Europe, Early Renaissance art was created in parallel with Late Medieval art. Renaissance art, painting, sculpture, architecture, music, and literature produced during the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries in Europe under the combined influences of an increased awareness of nature, a revival of classical learning, and a more individualistic view of man. Scholars no longer believe that the Renaissance marked an abrupt break with medieval values, as is suggested by the French word renaissance, literally “rebirth.” Rather, historical", "title: Renaissance art text: In Italy in the late 13th and early 14th centuries, the sculpture of Nicola Pisano and his son Giovanni Pisano, working at Pisa, Siena and Pistoia shows markedly classicising tendencies, probably influenced by the familiarity of these artists with ancient Roman sarcophagi. Their masterpieces are the pulpits of the Baptistery and Cathedral of Pisa. Contemporary with Giovanni Pisano, the Florentine painter Giotto developed a manner of figurative painting that was unprecedentedly naturalistic, three-dimensional, lifelike and classicist, when compared with that of his contemporaries and teacher Cimabue. Giotto, whose greatest work is the cycle of the \"Life of Christ\" at the" ]

[ "salinity" ]

[ "title: Saline water text: Saline water Saline water (more commonly known as salt water) is water that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts (mainly NaCl). The salt concentration is usually expressed in parts per thousand (permille, ‰) or parts per million (ppm). The United States Geological Survey classifies saline water in three salinity categories. Salt concentration in slightly saline water is around 1,000 to 3,000 ppm (0.1–0.3%), in moderately saline water 3,000 to 10,000 ppm (0.3–1%) and in highly saline water 10,000 to 35,000 ppm (1–3.5%). Seawater has a salinity of roughly 35,000 ppm, equivalent to 35 grams of salt per one liter", "title: Saline water text: product in the production of chlorine. Saline water Saline water (more commonly known as salt water) is water that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts (mainly NaCl). The salt concentration is usually expressed in parts per thousand (permille, ‰) or parts per million (ppm). The United States Geological Survey classifies saline water in three salinity categories. Salt concentration in slightly saline water is around 1,000 to 3,000 ppm (0.1–0.3%), in moderately saline water 3,000 to 10,000 ppm (0.3–1%) and in highly saline water 10,000 to 35,000 ppm (1–3.5%). Seawater has a salinity of roughly 35,000 ppm, equivalent to 35", "title: Salt text: Salt Salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite. Salt is present in vast quantities in seawater, where it is the main mineral constituent. The open ocean has about of solids per litre, a salinity of 3.5%. Salt is essential for life in general, and saltiness is one of the basic human tastes. Salt is one of the oldest and most ubiquitous food seasonings, and salting is an important method of food", "title: Salinity text: Salinity Salinity () is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water (see also soil salinity). This is usually measured in formula_1 (note that this is technically dimensionless). Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water. A contour line of constant salinity is called an \"isohaline\", or sometimes \"isohale\". Salinity in rivers, lakes, and the ocean is conceptually simple,", "title: Seawater text: Seawater Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of about 3.5% (35 g/L, 599 mM). This means that every kilogram (roughly one litre by volume) of seawater has approximately of dissolved salts (predominantly sodium () and chloride () ions). Average density at the surface is 1.025 kg/L. Seawater is denser than both fresh water and pure water (density 1.0 kg/L at ) because the dissolved salts increase the mass by a larger proportion than the volume. The freezing point of seawater decreases as salt concentration increases." ]

[ "Abid Hasan" ]

[ "title: Jai Hind text: Jai Hind Jai Hind () () is a salutation, slogan, and battle cry most commonly used in India to indicate patriotism towards India (also known as Hind). It translates roughly to \"Victory to India\" or \"Long live India\". The term was coined and was used by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose of the Indian National Army as a shortened version of \"Jai Hindustan Ki\". A follower of Indian nationalist Subhas Chandra Bose, Ramchandra Moreshwar Karkare, of Gwalher (Gwalior) Madhya Bharat, wrote a patriotic drama \"Jai Hind\" in March 1947 and published a book in Hindi, with the same title. Later, Karkare", "title: Jai Hind text: Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip as a wedding gift in 1947. The phrase has also given its name to Jai Hind Jai Hind () () is a salutation, slogan, and battle cry most commonly used in India to indicate patriotism towards India (also known as Hind). It translates roughly to \"Victory to India\" or \"Long live India\". The term was coined and was used by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose of the Indian National Army as a shortened version of \"Jai Hindustan Ki\". A follower of Indian nationalist Subhas Chandra Bose, Ramchandra Moreshwar Karkare, of Gwalher (Gwalior) Madhya Bharat, wrote", "title: Abid Hasan text: and joined the nascent Indian Foreign Service. Over a long diplomatic career, Hasan served as the Indian Ambassador to a number of countries including Egypt and Denmark before retiring in 1969 and settling back in Hyderabad. Abid Hasan Saffrani died in 1984. According to Leonard Gordon, author of \"Brothers Against the Raj\", Abid Hasan Safrani coined the salutation \"Jai Hind\" (Hail India). It was the shortened form of \"Jai Hindustan Ki\". The term was made famous by Netaji Subash Chandra Bose's INA and its subsequent use as a national patriotic salutation in independent India. Netaji Bose's nephew Aurobindo Bose later", "title: Jai Hind postmark text: in two lines, with the date, time and place in 3rd, 4th and 5th line respectively. The time and date are flanked with 3 wavy lines on each side. It was used as a cancellation mark. It remained in use until November 1955. The term was coined by Major Abid Hasan Safrani of the Indian National Army as a shortened version of \"Jai Hindustan Ki\" and apparently popularised by Chembakaraman Pillai. The term Jai Hind was used widely by Indian National Army. The term itself was adopted by Free India as National Slogan of the country. The alphabets of the", "title: Indian National Army text: in July 1945. Situated at the Esplanade Park, it was destroyed on Mountbatten's orders when Allied troops reoccupied the city. In 1995, the National Heritage Board of Singapore, with financial donations from the Indian community in Singapore, erected the Former Indian National Army Monument at the site where the old memorial stood. The site is now officially one of the historical sites of Singapore. The INA's battle cry, \"Jai Hind\", was declared the \"national greeting\" of India by Nehru and remains a popular nationalist greeting. Today it is used by all Indian prime ministers to conclude their Independence Day speeches." ]

[ "Kantakabi Laxmikanta Mohapatra" ]

[ "title: Bande Utkala Janani text: Bande Utkala Janani Bande Utkala Janani () is an Odia patriotic poem written by Kantakabi Laxmikanta Mohapatra. When Odisha became a state on 1 April 1936, this poem was made the state song of Odisha. The poem envisages a Utkala who maintains her self-respect and dignity from a position of confidence and strength rather than insecurity and fear. This movement for a separate province also gathered momentum in Odisha. The Utkal Sammilani (a federation of Odias) was leading this movement. This influenced the poet Laxmikanta Mohapatra, who was then young and energetic. He started writing Bande Utkala Janani (Glory To", "title: Bande Utkala Janani (film) text: (the main villain). His portrayal of a corrupt politician who uses rustic language certainly deserves accolade. In this movie the songs are completely modern in nature. The lyrics are by Bapu Goswami, Panchanana Nayak, and Bijaya Malla. Music arrangement by Nityashri Ranjan. To make it appealing to youth all songs have been done by keyboard sequencing. Abhijit Majumdar is the first composer after Late Sri Akshaya Mohanty to sing a song in a film for another music composer. Bande Utkala Janani (film) Bande Utkala Janani (;Salute to Mother Utkala) is a 2008 Indian Oriya film directed by Suvendu Swain. The", "title: Bande Utkala Janani text: which yet inspires and attracts everybody. The State Government's decision to stand up to pay respect when the song is played has been praised.Therefore, it was made compulsory at the end of any Odisha Legislative Assembly Session and in the beginning of school prayer in State Govt. schools in Odisha during the 1990s. Bande Utkala Janani Bande Utkala Janani () is an Odia patriotic poem written by Kantakabi Laxmikanta Mohapatra. When Odisha became a state on 1 April 1936, this poem was made the state song of Odisha. The poem envisages a Utkala who maintains her self-respect and dignity from", "title: Bande Utkala Janani (film) text: Bande Utkala Janani (film) Bande Utkala Janani (;Salute to Mother Utkala) is a 2008 Indian Oriya film directed by Suvendu Swain. The film deals with themes of patriotism and honesty towards profession. That this is the first Oriya film released through satellite using Digital UFO system. In this story a lady journalist holds the key to the story and due to her courage, risk taking and confidence the secret is revealed and the story moves. The police station is the family which is the center of all activities. Three police officers and the lady journalist are working together with a", "title: Bande Utkala Janani text: Sammilani to emancipate Odisha. In a meeting at Bhadrak, where the poet Kantakabi was felicitated, the then young leader of Odisha Harekrushna Mahtab admitted that the poet Laxmikanta's patriotic songs have inspired him a lot. In the past, Marathas, Mughals and Britishers ruled Odisha and its geographical boundaries changed from time to time accordingly. But one will find in this song Bande Utkala Janani that Odisha's natural beauty, God's bounty and boundaries remained unchanged. Odisha's high tradition of arts and crafts in the temples, culture or literature and the peaceful social living, all these things exist in this beautiful song" ]

[ "fertilization" ]

[ "title: Meiosis text: cell, which enlarges to become an ovum. Therefore, in females each primary oocyte that undergoes meiosis results in one mature ovum and one or two polar bodies. Note that there are pauses during meiosis in females. Maturing oocytes are arrested in prophase I of meiosis I and lie dormant within a protective shell of somatic cells called the follicle. At the beginning of each menstrual cycle, FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary stimulates a few follicles to mature in a process known as folliculogenesis. During this process, the maturing oocytes resume meiosis and continue until metaphase II of meiosis II,", "title: Oogenesis text: occurs and tetrads form, enabling chromosomal crossover to occur. As a result of meiosis I, the primary oocyte has now developed into the secondary oocyte and the first polar body. Immediately after meiosis I, the haploid secondary oocyte initiates meiosis II. However, this process is also halted at the metaphase II stage until fertilization, if such should ever occur. If the egg is not fertilized, it is disintegrated and released (menstruation) and the secondary oocyte does not complete meiosis II (and doesn't become an ovum). When meiosis II has completed, an ootid and another polar body have now been created.", "title: Oogenesis text: prophase I. In late fetal life, all oocytes, still primary oocytes, have halted at this stage of development, called the dictyate. After menarche, these cells then continue to develop, although only a few do so every menstrual cycle. Meiosis I of ootidogenesis begins during embryonic development, but halts in the diplotene stage of prophase I until puberty. The mouse oocyte in the dictyate (prolonged diplotene) stage actively repairs DNA damage, whereas DNA repair is not detectable in the pre-dictyate (leptotene, zygotene and pachytene) stages of meiosis. For those primary oocytes that continue to develop in each menstrual cycle, however, synapsis", "title: Ovarian follicle text: anywhere up to fifty years in the human. For several primary oocytes that complete meiosis I each month, only one or a few functional oocyte, the dominant follicles, completes maturation and undergoes ovulation. The other follicles that begin to mature will regress and become atretic follicles, eventually deteriorating. The primary oocyte turns into a secondary oocyte in mature ovarian follicles. Unlike the sperm, the egg is arrested in the secondary stage of meiosis until fertilization. Upon fertilization by sperm, the secondary oocyte continues the second part of meiosis and becomes a zygote. Any ovarian follicle that is larger than about", "title: Ovulation text: tissue at the site of the blister, forming a hole called the \"stigma\". The secondary oocyte leaves the ruptured follicle and moves out into the peritoneal cavity through the stigma, where it is caught by the fimbriae at the end of the fallopian tube. After entering the fallopian tube, the oocyte is pushed along by cilia, beginning its journey toward the uterus. By this time, the oocyte has completed meiosis I, yielding two cells: the larger secondary oocyte that contains all of the cytoplasmic material and a smaller, inactive first polar body. Meiosis II follows at once but will be" ]

[ "put down brigands and rebels", "collected the taxes" ]

[ "title: Satrap text: the Great gave the satrapies a definitive organization, increased their number to thirty-six, and fixed their annual tribute (Behistun inscription). The satrap was in charge of the land that he owned as an administrator, and found himself surrounded by an all-but-royal court; he collected the taxes, controlled the local officials and the subject tribes and cities, and was the supreme judge of the province before whose \"chair\" (\"Nehemiah\"3:7) every civil and criminal case could be brought. He was responsible for the safety of the roads (cf.Xenophon), and had to put down brigands and rebels. He was assisted by a council", "title: Satrap text: of Persians, to which also provincials were admitted and which was controlled by a royal secretary and emissaries of the king, especially the \"eye of the king\", who made an annual inspection and exercised permanent control. There were further checks on the power of each satrap: besides his secretarial scribe, his chief financial official (Old Persian \"ganzabara\") and the general in charge of the regular army of his province and of the fortresses were independent of him and periodically ported directly to the \"shah\", in person. The satrap was allowed to have troops in his own service. The great satrapies", "title: Satrap text: Satrap Satraps () were the governors of the provinces of the ancient Median and Achaemenid Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. The word \"satrap\" is also often used metaphorically in modern literature to refer to world leaders or governors who are heavily influenced by larger world superpowers or hegemonies and act as their surrogates. The word is derived via Latin from Greek \"satrápēs\" (), itself borrowed from an Old Iranian \"*xšaθra-pā/ă-\". In Old Persian, which was the native language of the Achaemenids, it is recorded as \"xšaçapāvan\" (, literally", "title: Tax text: (20%) of the crop was the tax (in this case, a special rather than an ordinary tax, as it was gathered against an expected famine). In the Persian Empire, a regulated and sustainable tax system was introduced by Darius I the Great in 500 BC; the Persian system of taxation was tailored to each Satrapy (the area ruled by a Satrap or provincial governor). At differing times, there were between 20 and 30 Satrapies in the Empire and each was assessed according to its supposed productivity. It was the responsibility of the Satrap to collect the due amount and to", "title: Satrap text: the Great, beginning at around 530BCE, provincial organization actually originated during the Median era from at least 648BCE. Up to the time of the conquest of Media by Cyrus the Great, emperors ruled the lands they conquered through client kings and governors. The main difference was that in Persian culture the concept of kingship was indivisible from divinity: divine authority validated the divine right of kings. The twenty-six satraps established by Cyrus were never kings, but viceroys ruling in the king's name, although in political reality many took advantage of any opportunity to carve themselves an independent power base. Darius" ]

[ "Arab" ]

[ "title: .ae text: .ae The domain name ae is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United Arab Emirates. It is administered by .aeDA which is part of the UAE Telecommunications Regulatory Authority. The internationalized country code top-level domain in the Arabic alphabet of the UAE is امارات., which is represented as codice_1 in Punycode. The domain codice_2 is administered by UAE Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA). Registrations are permitted directly at the second level (unrestricted zone) or at the third level (restricted zone) beneath several category labels. During 1995–2003 co.ae was used for commercial", "title: .ae text: since 16 April 2009. .ae The domain name ae is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United Arab Emirates. It is administered by .aeDA which is part of the UAE Telecommunications Regulatory Authority. The internationalized country code top-level domain in the Arabic alphabet of the UAE is امارات., which is represented as codice_1 in Punycode. The domain codice_2 is administered by UAE Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA). Registrations are permitted directly at the second level (unrestricted zone) or at the third level (restricted zone) beneath several category labels. During 1995–2003 co.ae", "title: History of the United Arab Emirates text: History of the United Arab Emirates The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a country on the Arabian Peninsula located on the southeastern coast of the Persian Gulf and the northwestern coast of the Gulf of Oman. The UAE consists of seven emirates and was founded on 2 December 1971 as a federation. Six of the seven emirates (Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain and Fujairah) combined on that date. The seventh, Ras al Khaimah, joined the federation on 10 February 1972. The seven sheikdoms were formerly known as the Trucial States, in reference to the treaty relations established", "title: United Arab Emirates text: United Arab Emirates The United Arab Emirates (UAE; '), sometimes simply called the Emirates ( '), is a country in Western Asia at the southeast end of the Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman to the east and Saudi Arabia to the south, as well as sharing maritime borders with Qatar to the west and Iran to the north. The sovereign absolute monarchy is a federation of seven emirates consisting of Abu Dhabi (which serves as the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm Al Quwain. Each emirate is governed by a ruler; together, they", "title: ISO 3166-2:AE text: ISO 3166-2:AE ISO 3166-2:AE is the entry for the United Arab Emirates in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. Currently for the United Arab Emirates, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 7 emirates. Each code consists of two parts, separated by a hyphen. The first part is , the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code of the United Arab Emirates. The second part is two letters. Subdivision names are listed as" ]

[ "12.5%" ]

[ "title: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland text: (1 January to 31 December). The change coincided with the introduction of the euro in Ireland. For administrative purposes, taxable income is expressed under four schedules: Since 1 January 2015, the tax rates apply as follows: There are 2 tax brackets, 20% (the \"standard rate\") and the balance of income at 40% (the \"higher rate\"). The brackets depend upon the individual's category. The €43,550 amount may, for married couples, be increased by the lesser of: €25,550 or the income of the second spouse. This brings the total maximum standard rate band for a married couple to €69,100, twice the single", "title: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland text: Finance Act of 2013, this Tax is levied for most properties at 0.18% of the self-assessed market value. The value assessed is the value in May 2013 initially. This initial valuation will be used until the next assessment date in November 2016. A higher rate of 0.25% of market value – the so-called \"Mansion Tax\" applies to properties valued at greater than €1,000,000. Since March 2002, a levy, called the Environmental Levy, has applied to the supply of plastic shopping bags by retailers. The levy is currently 22 cents per plastic bag. s The levy does not apply to: A", "title: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland text: From 1 January 2014, DIRT is charged at 41% (was 33% in 2013) for payments made annually or more frequently. The tax is deducted by the bank or other deposit-taker before the interest is paid to you. DIRT will be charged at 36% (in 2013, lower rates in previous years) for payments made less frequently.This higher D.I.R.T. rate has been abolished, as and from the 1st January 2014, and the D.I.R.T. rate of 41% applies to any interest paid or credited on these deposits on or after the 1st January 2014. Persons aged over 65 or incapacitated, whose income is", "title: Corporation tax in the Republic of Ireland text: rate was phased-out and ended on 31 December 2003 for new schemes, with expiry for all existing IFSC schemes in 2005, and all existing manufacturing schemes by 2010. To counter the EU's decision to withdraw State-aid approval for Ireland's special rate, the Irish State reduced the Irish \"standard rate\" of corporation tax from 40% in 1995, to 12.5% by 2003; splitting the standard rate into trading and non-trading rates in 2000. Ireland's corporate tax code has gone through distinct phases of development, from building a separate dentify from the British system, to most distinctively, post the creation of the Irish", "title: Taxation in the Republic of Ireland text: income is above €500 per week, subclass S1 applies, except to persons exempt from the health contribution, to whom subclass S2 applies. The rate for subclasses S0 and S2 is 3%, and the rate for subclass S1 is 7% up to €1,443 per week and 8% on that portion of income above that amount. The health contribution was replaced by the USC from 2011 onwards Taxpayers paying class S PRSI pay it, and the health contribution, along with their tax. For other taxpayers, it is withheld from their net income. Ireland's value added tax (VAT) is part of the European" ]

[ "Everett G. Brown" ]

[ "title: Everett Brown text: only to return in 1949 to make four films before his early death in 1953. He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Los Angeles. Everett Brown Everett G. Brown (January 1, 1902 – October 14, 1953) was an American actor. Born in Texas, Brown appeared in about 40 Hollywood films between 1927 and 1953. His roles were small most of the time and most of his film appearances were uncredited. He often portrayed natives or slaves, certainly most memorable as \"Big Sam\", the kind-hearted field foreman of Tara, in \"Gone with the Wind\" (1939). He also played a supporting role in", "title: Everett Brown text: Everett Brown Everett G. Brown (January 1, 1902 – October 14, 1953) was an American actor. Born in Texas, Brown appeared in about 40 Hollywood films between 1927 and 1953. His roles were small most of the time and most of his film appearances were uncredited. He often portrayed natives or slaves, certainly most memorable as \"Big Sam\", the kind-hearted field foreman of Tara, in \"Gone with the Wind\" (1939). He also played a supporting role in \"Congo Maisie\" with Ann Sothern and the Native in Ape Costume in the classic \"King Kong\". Brown retired from film business in 1940,", "title: Gone with the Wind (film) text: Gone with the Wind (film) Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name. The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming. Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner. It follows her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, and her subsequent marriage to Rhett Butler.", "title: Gone with the Wind (film) text: Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off due to exhaustion. The film received positive reviews upon its release in December 1939, although some reviewers found it overlong. The casting was widely praised, and many reviewers found Leigh especially suited to her role as Scarlett. At the 12th Academy Awards, it received ten Academy Awards (eight competitive, two honorary) from thirteen nominations, including wins for Best Picture, Best Director (Fleming), Best Adapted Screenplay (posthumously awarded to Sidney Howard), Best Actress (Leigh), and Best Supporting Actress (Hattie McDaniel, becoming the first African American", "title: Gone with the Wind (film) text: century and became ingrained in popular culture. The film is regarded as one of the greatest films of all time; it has placed in the top ten of the American Film Institute's list of the top 100 American films since the list's inception in 1998; and, in 1989, the United States Library of Congress selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry. On the eve of the American Civil War in 1861, Scarlett O'Hara lives at Tara, her family's cotton plantation in Georgia, with her parents and two sisters. Scarlett learns that Ashley Wilkes—whom she secretly loves—is to be" ]

[ "the Red River at Pembina" ]

[ "title: Geography of North Dakota text: area is covered by water. The Red River Valley takes up the eastern portion of the state, with the Red River of the North forming the border with Minnesota. The Valley is the remnant lake bed of the ancient Lake Agassiz. It is very flat, and is quite fertile. This area of North Dakota is mostly farm country, with wheat, sugarbeets, and maize as staple crops, and along with other crops and livestock, cover the area. The valley contains the lowest point in North Dakota which is the Red River at Pembina, at 750 feet (230 m) above sea level.", "title: Pembina County, North Dakota text: near Reykjavík; Gardar was named for Gardar Svavarsson, who was reportedly the first Scandinavian to visit Iceland; and Hallsson was named for an early settler, Johann P. Hallson. Icelandic State Park, located in Akra, was established to preserve evidence of this early pioneer heritage. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.2%) is water. The lowest point in the state of North Dakota is located on the Red River of the North in Pembina Township in Pembina County, where it flows out of North Dakota and into the", "title: North Dakota text: North Dakota North Dakota () is a U.S. state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. It is the nineteenth largest in area, the fourth smallest by population, and the fourth most sparsely populated of the 50 states. North Dakota was admitted to the Union on November 2, 1889, along with its neighboring state, South Dakota. Its capital is Bismarck, and its largest city is Fargo. In the 21st century, North Dakota's natural resources have played a major role in its economic performance, particularly with the oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern", "title: White Butte text: White Butte White Butte is the highest natural point in the U.S. state of North Dakota. At an elevation of 3,506 ft (1,069 m), it is a prominent butte in Slope County, in the Badlands of the southwestern part of the state. It is located east of US 85 and about south of Amidon. The nearest town is Amidon, about seven miles to the northwest. The summit is located within the boundaries of the Little Missouri National Grassland and is about south of Theodore Roosevelt National Park. It is on private property, owned by the Dennis family who live nearby.", "title: North Dakota text: Grand Forks. , the state's unemployment rate is the lowest in the nation at 2.6%. It has not reached 5 percent since 1987. At end of 2010, the state per capita income was ranked 17th in the nation, the biggest increase of any state in a decade from rank 38th. The reduction in the unemployment rate and growth in per capita income is attributable to the oil boom in the state. Due to a combination of oil-related development and investing in technology and service industries, North Dakota has had a budget surplus every year since the 2008 market crash. North" ]

[ "an extended essay" ]

[ "title: A Room of One's Own text: A Room of One's Own A Room of One's Own is an extended essay by Virginia Woolf, first published in September 1929. The work is based on two lectures Woolf delivered in October 1928 at Newnham College and Girton College, women's colleges at the University of Cambridge. An important feminist text, the essay is noted in its argument for both a literal and figurative space for women writers within a literary tradition dominated by men. The essay was based on two papers Woolf read on 20 and 26 October 1928 to two Cambridge student societies, the Newnham Arts Society at", "title: A Room of One's Own text: \"Woolf Works\", was named after Virginia Woolf as a response to this essay. Patricia Lamkin's play \"Balancing the Moon\" (2011) was inspired by the essay. A Room of One's Own A Room of One's Own is an extended essay by Virginia Woolf, first published in September 1929. The work is based on two lectures Woolf delivered in October 1928 at Newnham College and Girton College, women's colleges at the University of Cambridge. An important feminist text, the essay is noted in its argument for both a literal and figurative space for women writers within a literary tradition dominated by men.", "title: A Room of One's Own text: own herself, much less \"a room of her own\". Wheatley and other women writers exist outside of this room, outside of this space Woolf sets asides for women writers. Although she calls attention to the limits of Woolf's essay, Walker, in uniting womanist prose (women's writing) with the physical and metaphorical space of \"our mothers' gardens\", pays homage to Woolf's similar endeavour of seeking space, \"room\", for women writers. The essay was adapted as a play by Patrick Garland, who also directed Eileen Atkins in its stage performance. A television adaptation directed by Garland was broadcast on PBS \"Masterpiece Theatre\"", "title: Twentieth-century English literature text: began publishing in the 1920s, and novelists Virginia Woolf (1882–1941), E. M. Forster (1879–1970) (\"A Passage to India\", 1924), Evelyn Waugh (1903–66), P. G. Wodehouse (1881–1975) (who was not a modernist) and D. H. Lawrence. Lawrence's \"Lady Chatterley's Lover\" was published privately in Florence in 1928, though the unexpurgated version was not published in Britain until 1959. Woolf was an influential feminist, and a major stylistic innovator associated with the stream-of-consciousness technique in novels like \"Mrs Dalloway\" (1925) and \"To the Lighthouse\" (1927). Her 1929 essay \"A Room of One's Own\" contains her famous dictum \"A woman must have money", "title: Room (magazine) text: Room (magazine) Room (formerly Room of One's Own) is a Canadian quarterly literary journal that features the work of emerging and established women and genderqueer writers and artists. Launched in Vancouver in 1975 by the West Coast Feminist Literary Magazine Society, or the Growing Room Collective, the journal has published an estimated 3,000 women, serving as an important launching pad for emerging writers. Currently, \"Room\" publishes short fiction, creative non-fiction, poetry, art, feature interviews, and features that promote dialogue between readers, writers and the collective, including \"Roommate\" (a profile of a \"Room\" reader or collective member) and \"The Back Room\"" ]

[ "March 2000" ]

[ "title: Data Protection Act 1998 text: Data Protection Act 1998 The Data Protection Act 1998 (c 29) is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament designed to protect personal data stored on computers or in an organised paper filing system. It enacted the EU Data Protection Directive 1995's provisions on the protection, processing and movement of data. Under the DPA 1998, individuals had legal rights to control information about themselves. Most of the Act did not apply to domestic use, for example keeping a personal address book. Anyone holding personal data for other purposes was legally obliged to comply with this Act, subject to some exemptions. The", "title: Data Protection Act 2018 text: Data Protection Act 2018 The Data Protection Act 2018 (c 12) is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament which updates data protection laws in the UK. It is a national law which complements the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The Data Protection Act 2018 achieved Royal Assent on 23 May 2018. It applies the EU's GDPR standards. Whereas the GDPR gives member states limited opportunities to make provisions for how it applies in their country, one element of the DPA 2018 is the details of these, applying as the national law. The DPA 2018 is however not limited", "title: Information privacy law text: and, depending on the circumstances, the Swiss Federal Data Protection and Information Commissioner must be informed before the transfer is made. Most Swiss cantons have enacted their own data protection laws regulating the processing of personal data by cantonal and municipal bodies. In the United Kingdom the Data Protection Act 1998 (c 29) (Information Commissioner) implemented the EU Directive on the protection of personal data . It replaced the Data Protection Act 1984 (c 35). The 2016 General Data Protection Regulation supersedes previous Protection Acts. The Data Protection Act 2018 (c 12) updates data protection laws in the UK. It", "title: Freedom of information laws by country text: freedom of access to information on the environment, in line with the requirements of the Aarhus Convention. Governments are required to transcribe the directive into national legislation (for example, in the United Kingdom, the Environmental Information Regulations 2004). Directive 95/46/EC, the Data Protection directive, provides a variety of rights in relation to personal data, including a right of access. This has been transcribed into national legislation through, for example, the Data Protection Act 1998 (United Kingdom) and the Data Protection 2003 (Ireland). In Finland, the Laki yleisten asiakirjain julkisuudesta 9.2.1951/83 (\"Act on the Openness of Public Documents\" of 1951) established", "title: Data Protection Act 1998 text: Act defined eight data protection principles to ensure that information was processed lawfully. It was superseded by the Data Protection Act 2018 (DPA 2018) on 23 May 2018. The DPA 2018 supplements the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which came into effect on 25 May 2018. The GDPR regulates the collection, storage, and use of personal data significantly more strictly. The 1998 Act replaced the Data Protection Act 1984 and the Access to Personal Files Act 1987, and implemented the EU Data Protection Directive 1995. The Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 altered the consent requirement for" ]

[ "May 6, 2004" ]

[ "title: The Last One (Friends) text: The Last One (Friends) \"The Last One\", also known as \"The One Where They Say Goodbye\", is the series finale of the television sitcom \"Friends\". The episode serves as the seventeenth and eighteenth episode of season ten; the episode's two parts were classified as two separate episodes. It was written by series creators David Crane and Marta Kauffman, and directed by executive producer Kevin S. Bright. The series finale first aired on NBC in the United States on May 6, 2004, when it was watched by 52.5 million viewers, making it the most watched entertainment telecast in six years and", "title: The Last One (Friends) text: the fourth most watched overall television series finale in U.S. history as well as the most watched episode from any television series throughout the decade 2000s on U.S. television. In Canada, the finale aired simultaneously on May 6, 2004, on Global, and was viewed by 5.16 million viewers, becoming the highest viewed episode of the series, and also becoming the most viewed and highest-rated episode ever in Canada for a sitcom. The series finale closes several long-running storylines. Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) confesses his love for Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), and they decide to resume their relationship; and Monica Geller", "title: Friends text: the most-watched episode of the series, the finale was the fourth most-watched series finale in television history, only behind the finales of \"M*A*S*H\", \"Cheers\" and \"Seinfeld\", which were respectively watched by 105, 80.4 and 76.2 million viewers. The retrospective episode was watched by fewer than 36 million viewers, and the finale was the second most-watched television broadcast of the year in the United States, only behind the Super Bowl. Following the finales of \"Friends\" and \"Frasier\", media critics speculated about the fate of the sitcom genre. Expressed opinions varied between a signalling of the end of the sitcom genre, a", "title: 2000s (decade) text: tabloid newspaper. \"Friends\" is an American sitcom which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004. Friends received positive reviews throughout its run, and its series finale (\"The Last One\") ranked as the fifth most watched overall television series finale as well as the most watched single television episode of the 2000s on U.S. television. \"Frasier\", a spin-off TV series of \"Cheers\" (that ended in 1993), is an American sitcom that was broadcast on NBC for eleven seasons from September 16, 1993, to May 13, 2004 (only a week after the broadcast of the final episode of", "title: The Last One (Friends) text: for the finale averaged $2 million for 30 seconds of commercial time. This currently remains as the largest advertising rate ever for a sitcom, breaking the previous record held by the \"Seinfeld\" finale at $1.7 million. The finale was watched by 52.5 million American viewers making it the most watched entertainment telecast in six years, and the most watched episode of the decade 2000s on U.S. television. The \"Friends\" finale was the fourth most watched overall series finale in U.S. television history, behind the finales of \"M*A*S*H\", \"Cheers\" and \"Seinfeld\", which were watched by 105.9, 84.4 and 76.3 million viewers," ]

[ "McCulloch" ]

[ "title: Tower Bridge text: 2002 BBC television documentary series \"Britain's Best Buildings\". Tower Bridge is often mistaken for London Bridge, the next bridge upstream. A popular urban legend is that in 1968, Robert P. McCulloch, the purchaser of the old London Bridge that was later shipped to Lake Havasu City in Arizona, believed that he was in fact buying Tower Bridge. This was denied by McCulloch himself and has been debunked by Ivan Luckin, the vendor of the bridge. A partial replica of Tower Bridge has been built in the city of Suzhou in China. The replica differs from the original in having no", "title: London Bridge text: City of London placed the bridge on the market and began to look for potential buyers. Council member Ivan Luckin had put forward the idea of selling the bridge, and recalled: \"They all thought I was completely crazy when I suggested we should sell London Bridge when it needed replacing.\" On 18 April 1968, Rennie's bridge was purchased by the Missourian entrepreneur Robert P. McCulloch of McCulloch Oil for US$2,460,000. The claim that McCulloch believed mistakenly that he was buying the more impressive Tower Bridge was denied by Luckin in a newspaper interview. As the bridge was taken apart, each", "title: Robert P. McCulloch text: popular urban legend is that McCulloch mistakenly believed that he was buying the more impressive Tower Bridge. London bridge had been heavily marketed by the London Council in an effort to sell it worldwide. Ivan Luckin, the council member who sold the bridge, has always stated that London sold the bridge honestly. He died February 25, 1977, in Los Angeles of an accidental overdose of alcohol and barbiturates. Silverlakes, California McCulloch also developed a centrifugal supercharger for automotive use. At first, these were produced and sold under the McCulloch name; but, in 1956, the supercharger division was renamed Paxton Superchargers.", "title: London Bridge (Lake Havasu City) text: estate agents could not bring in prospective buyers, because the land was far from centers of population and had a very hot, arid climate. McCulloch's real estate agent, Robert Plumer, learned that London Bridge was for sale and convinced McCulloch to buy it and bring it to the area to attract potential land buyers. The initial response from McCulloch was, \"That's the craziest idea I have ever heard,\" but after consideration, he decided to go ahead and purchased it for $2.46m (£1.78m). Plumer then arranged with a cargo shipping company that was going to sail a newly-built ship from Great", "title: Tower 42 text: the bank renamed it the International Finance Centre, in 1997. The building was subsequently acquired by Hermes Real Estate and BlackRock's UK property fund in 1998 for 226 million. In 2010 they put the property on the market at an expected price of 300 million. This would potentially have been the largest single commercial property sale in the City of London in 2010. In July 2010 it was reported that Chinese Estates Group had entered exclusive discussions to buy Tower 42. but this deal did not conclude and it was sold in 2011 to South African businessman Nathan Kirsh for" ]

[ "king Chandra" ]

[ "title: Qutb Minar complex text: can be seen among the Islamic architectural structures. To the west of the Quwwat ul-Islam mosque is the tomb of Iltutmish which was built by the monarch in 1235. The iron pillar is one of the world's foremost metallurgical curiosities. The pillar, 7.21-metre high and weighing more than six tonnes, was originally erected by Chandragupta II Vikramaditya (375–414 AD) in front of a Vishnu Temple complex at Udayagiri around 402 AD, and later shifted by Anangpal in the 10th century CE from Udaygiri to its present location. Anangpal built a Vishnu Temple here and wanted this pillar to be a", "title: Qutb Minar text: of the Qutub Minar's first storey around 1192. In 1220, Aibak's successor and son-in-law Shamsuddin Iltutmish completed a further three storeys. In 1369, a lightning strike destroyed the top storey. Firoz Shah Tughlaq replaced the damaged storey, and added one more. Sher Shah Suri also added an entrance to this tower while he was ruling and Humayun was in exile. The Minar is surrounded by several historically significant monuments of the Qutab complex, including Quwat-ul-Islam Mosque was built at the same time as the Minar, and the much older Iron Pillar of Delhi. The nearby pillared Cupola known as \"Smith's", "title: Iron pillar of Delhi text: Iron pillar of Delhi The iron pillar of Delhi is a kirti stambha (column of fame or victory column), originally erected and dedicated as dhvaja (banner) to Hindu deity lord Vishnu in 3rd to 4th century CE by king Chandragupta II, currently standing in the Qutb complex at Mehrauli in Delhi, India. It is famous for the rust-resistant composition of the metals used in its construction. The pillar has attracted the attention of archaeologists and materials scientists because of its high resistance to corrosion and has been called a \"testimony to the high level of skill achieved by the ancient", "title: Iron pillar of Delhi text: that the relocation happened during the Muslim rule in Delhi. Some scholars have assumed that it happened around 1200 CE, when Qutb al-Din Aibak commenced the construction of the Qutb complex as a general of Muhammad of Ghor. Finbarr Barry Flood (2009) theorizes that it was Qutb al-Din's successor Iltutmish (r. 1210–1236 CE), who moved the pillar to Delhi. The pillar was manufactured by the forge welding of pieces of wrought iron. In a report published in the journal \"Current Science\", R. Balasubramaniam of the IIT Kanpur explains how the pillar's resistance to corrosion is due to a passive protective", "title: Chandragupta II text: mythic eagle Garuda). Further, Chandragupta also issued lead coins based on Kshatrapa prototypes and rare copper coins probably inspired by the coins of another tribe he defeated, the Nagas. Close to the Qutub Minar is one of Delhi's most curious structures, an iron pillar, dating back to 4th century CE. The pillar bears an inscription which states that it was erected as a flagstaff in honour of the Hindu god Vishnu, and in the memory of Chandragupta II (A derivation of \"\"Natya-darpana\"\" by Vishakadata states that the pillar had been put up by Chandragupta II himself after defeating Vahilakas. And" ]

[ "oil" ]

[ "title: Earth's internal heat budget text: Earth's internal heat budget Earth's internal heat budget is fundamental to the thermal history of the Earth. The flow of heat from Earth's interior to the surface is estimated at formula_1 terawatts (TW) and comes from two main sources in roughly equal amounts: the \"radiogenic heat\" produced by the radioactive decay of isotopes in the mantle and crust, and the \"primordial heat\" left over from the formation of the Earth. Earth's internal heat powers most geological processes and drives plate tectonics. Despite its geological significance, this heat energy coming from Earth's interior is actually only 0.03% of Earth's total energy", "title: Earth's energy budget text: Earth's energy budget Earth's energy budget accounts for the balance between the energy Earth receives from the Sun, the energy Earth radiates back into outer space after having been distributed throughout the five components of Earth's climate system and having thus powered the so-called Earth’s heat engine. This system is made up of earth's water, ice, atmosphere, rocky crust, and all living things. Quantifying changes in these amounts is required to accurately model the Earth's climate. Received radiation is unevenly distributed over the planet, because the Sun heats equatorial regions more than polar regions. \"The atmosphere and ocean work non-stop", "title: Earth's energy budget text: 27 from the top of clouds, 2 from snow and ice-covered areas, and 6 by other parts of the atmosphere. The 65 remaining units are absorbed: 14 within the atmosphere and 51 by the Earth’s surface. These 51 units are radiated to space in the form of terrestrial radiation: 17 directly radiated to space and 34 absorbed by the atmosphere (19 through latent heat of condensation, 9 via convection and turbulence, and 6 directly absorbed). The 48 units absorbed by the atmosphere (34 units from terrestrial radiation and 14 from insolation) are finally radiated back to space. These 65 units", "title: Worldwide energy supply text: Wyoming 11%, Pennsylvania 8%, W Virginia 5% and Oklahoma 4%. In the Mid-East the Persian Gulfstates Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the Arab Emirates produce most. A small part comes from Bahrain, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Yemen. The top producers in Africa are Nigeria (254), S-Africa (167), Algeria (138) and Angola (100). In the EU France (138, mainly nuclear), Germany (120), UK (119), Poland (68, mainly coal) and Netherlands (48, mainly natural gas) produce most. Of the world renewable supply 1319 is biofuel and waste, mostly in developing countries, 334 is generated with hydro power and 200", "title: Earth's energy budget text: instruments, provided by CERES, part of the NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS), are designed to measure both solar-reflected and Earth-emitted radiation. The major atmospheric gases (oxygen and nitrogen) are transparent to incoming sunlight but are also transparent to outgoing thermal (infrared) radiation. However, water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and other trace gases are opaque to many wavelengths of thermal radiation. The Earth's surface radiates the net equivalent of 17 percent of the incoming solar energy in the form of thermal infrared. However, the amount that directly escapes to space is only about 12 percent of incoming solar energy. The remaining" ]

[ "Andy Whitfield" ]

[ "title: Spartacus: Blood and Sand text: Spartacus: Blood and Sand Spartacus: Blood and Sand is the first season of American television series \"Spartacus\", which premiered on Starz on January 22, 2010. The series was inspired by the historical figure of Spartacus (played by Andy Whitfield), a Thracian gladiator who from 73 to 71 BC led a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Executive producers Steven S. DeKnight and Robert Tapert focused on structuring the events of Spartacus' obscure early life leading up to the beginning of historical records. Slave Roman The program is preceded by a warning that it purports to portray a \"historical portrayal", "title: Spartacus: Blood and Sand text: provided a brief voice-over role. Filming began in New Zealand in the summer of 2010. The prequel aired beginning January 2011. In June 2010, season two's pre-production resumed after Starz announced Whitfield was cancer-free. But when his cancer recurred, Starz replaced Whitfield (with the actor's consent) with Liam McIntyre as Spartacus for season two which is titled \"\". Andy Whitfield died on September 11, 2011. Three days after the US premiere, the series began airing in Canada on TMN beginning on January 25, 2010. RTL 5 announced in their January newsletter that \"Spartacus: Blood and Sand\" would debut in the", "title: Spartacus: Blood and Sand text: of two more houses and includes alternative rules allowing for group battles in the arena. Earlier, in 2009, Devil's Due had published a four-part prequel comic series titled \"Spartacus - Blood And Sand\". Each issue spotlighted a character from the planned television series, mostly the minor gladiator rivals of the main cast. The series was adapted as a 4-part motion comic adaptation called \"Spartacus – Blood and Sand – Motion Comic\". Ray Park and Heath Freeman were cast. Kyle Newman was the director, and the producers were Andy Collen and Jeff Krelitz. Spartacus: Blood and Sand Spartacus: Blood and Sand", "title: Spartacus: Blood and Sand text: of ancient Roman society that contains graphic violence and adult content\". Incidental nudity and scenes of a sexual or of a violent nature are present throughout. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> On December 22, 2009, the show was renewed for a second season but its production was postponed after Andy Whitfield was diagnosed with early-stage non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Starz announced in May 2010 that it would develop a six-episode prequel series, entitled \"\", to allow star actor Whitfield to undergo medical treatment. The prequel featured both new and returning characters; it was headlined by John Hannah (as Batiatus) and Lucy Lawless (as Lucretia). Whitfield also", "title: Spartacus (TV series) text: of Blood and Treachery\" had a limited release at Gen Con 2012 and a general release to game and hobby stores on September 28, 2012. In 2009, Devil's Due published a four-part prequel comic series, titled \"Spartacus - Blood And Sand\". Each issue spotlighted a character from the upcoming television series, mostly the minor gladiator rivals of the main cast. The series was adapted as a 4-part motion comic adaptation called \"Spartacus - Blood and Sand - Motion Comic\". Ray Park and Heath Freeman were cast. Kyle Newman was the director, and the producers were Andy Collen and Jeff Krelitz." ]

[ "Barry Bonds" ]

[ "title: Home run text: the 2006 World Baseball Classic Japanese team. Oh holds the all-time home run world record, having hit 868 home runs in his career. In Major League Baseball, the career record is 762, held by Barry Bonds, who broke Hank Aaron's record on August 7, 2007, when he hit his 756th home run at AT&T Park off pitcher Mike Bacsik. Only eight other major league players have hit as many as 600: Hank Aaron (755), Babe Ruth (714), Alex Rodriguez (696), Willie Mays (660), Albert Pujols (633), Ken Griffey, Jr. (630), Jim Thome (612), and Sammy Sosa (609). The single season", "title: Home run text: team, including teams no longer active (prior to 1900) as well as by individual players. Gary Sheffield hit the 250,000th home run in MLB history with a grand slam on September 8, 2008. Sheffield had hit MLB's 249,999th home run against Gio González in his previous at-bat. The all-time, verified professional baseball record for career home runs for one player, excluding the U. S. Negro Leagues during the era of segregation, is held by Sadaharu Oh. Oh spent his entire career playing for the Yomiuri Giants in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball, later managing the Giants, the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks and", "title: 2007 San Francisco Giants season text: three career home runs were grand slams, and the other was part of a cycle. On August 4, 2007, Barry Bonds tied Hank Aaron for the most home runs in Major League history, when he hit his 755th career home run off of the San Diego Padres' Clay Hensley Barry Bonds became the all-time home run leader at 8:51 pm PDT, on August 7, 2007 when he hit his 756th career home run off Mike Bascik and the Washington Nationals. His milestone home run was hit just to the right of center field at AT&T Park. A plaque commemorating his", "title: Home run text: record is 73, set by Barry Bonds in 2001. Other notable single season records were achieved by Babe Ruth who hit 60 in 1927, Roger Maris, with 61 home runs in 1961, and Mark McGwire, who hit 70 in 1998. Negro League slugger Josh Gibson's Baseball Hall of Fame plaque says he hit \"almost 800\" home runs in his career. The \"Guinness Book of World Records\" lists Gibson's lifetime home run total at 800. Ken Burns' award-winning series, \"Baseball\", states that his actual total may have been as high as 950. Gibson's true total is not known, in part due", "title: Home run text: home runs in a season 3 times), Ken Griffey, Jr. and Eddie Mathews. In 1987, Joey Meyer of the Denver Zephyrs hit the longest verifiable home run in professional baseball history. The home run was measured at a distance of and was hit inside Denver's Mile High Stadium. Major League Baseball's longest verifiable home run distance is about , by Babe Ruth, to straightaway center field at Tiger Stadium (then called Navin Field and before the double-deck), which landed nearly across the intersection of Trumbull and Cherry. The location of where Hank Aaron's record 755th home run landed has been" ]

[ "Gators" ]

[ "title: 2016 SEC Championship Game text: 2016 SEC Championship Game The 2016 SEC Championship Game was played on Saturday, December 3, 2016 in the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia, and determined the 2016 football champion of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The game was played between the Eastern Division champion, Gators, and Western Division champion Alabama. The Eastern Division team was the designated home team, and the game was broadcast nationally by CBS for the 16th consecutive year. This was the final SEC Championship Game in the Georgia Dome, which was demolished on November 20, 2017 after its successor, Mercedes-Benz Stadium, opened on August 26 of the", "title: 2016 SEC Championship Game text: Source: 2016 SEC Championship Game The 2016 SEC Championship Game was played on Saturday, December 3, 2016 in the Georgia Dome in Atlanta, Georgia, and determined the 2016 football champion of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The game was played between the Eastern Division champion, Gators, and Western Division champion Alabama. The Eastern Division team was the designated home team, and the game was broadcast nationally by CBS for the 16th consecutive year. This was the final SEC Championship Game in the Georgia Dome, which was demolished on November 20, 2017 after its successor, Mercedes-Benz Stadium, opened on August 26 of", "title: 2017 Alabama Crimson Tide football team text: 17th claimed national title. In 2016, Alabama came into the season ranked No. 1 in both preseason polls and finished the regular season 13–0, 8–0 SEC. The Crimson Tide were ranked number 1 the entire season prior to their national championship appearance against Clemson. Alabama won the Western Division of SEC and qualified to play in the 2016 SEC Championship Game against the Florida Gators. Alabama defeated the Gators again in the rematch from last year's SEC Championship 54–16 in Atlanta, Georgia, clinching the program's 26th SEC title. As the No. 1 seed in the third season of the College", "title: 2017 SEC Championship Game text: SEC Championship by beating Auburn 28-7. This game marked the first time that any permanent cross division rivals faced off in the SEC Championship Game. This was also the first SEC Championship Game with new SEC on CBS announcer Brad Nessler replacing Verne Lundquist, who retired in 2016. The game was televised nationally by CBS. In the 2016 SEC Championship Game, the western division champion Alabama defeated the eastern division champion Florida 54–16 in a rematch of the 2015 SEC Championship Game. It was the last SEC title game to be held at the Georgia Dome, which was demolished shortly", "title: 2016 SEC Championship Game text: same year. The title game will move to the new stadium and will remain there through at least 2027. Alabama earned a berth in the SEC Championship on November 12 after clinching the SEC West. In the 2015 SEC Championship Game, Alabama defeated Florida 29–15. Alabama went on to defeat Michigan State 38–0 in the Cotton Bowl, which served as a College Football Playoff semifinal, and defeated Clemson 45–40 in the national championship game. This would be Verne Lundquist's final SEC Championship Game broadcast. He retired from calling college football following the Army-Navy Game. He was succeeded by Brad Nessler." ]

[ "Ann Reeves Jarvis" ]

[ "title: Mother's Day text: Andrew's Methodist Church in Grafton, West Virginia. St Andrew's Methodist Church now holds the International Mother's Day Shrine. Her campaign to make Mother's Day a recognized holiday in the United States began in 1905, the year her mother, Ann Reeves Jarvis, died. Ann Jarvis had been a peace activist who cared for wounded soldiers on both sides of the American Civil War, and created Mother's Day Work Clubs to address public health issues. Anna Jarvis wanted to honor her mother by continuing the work she started and to set aside a day to honor all mothers because she believed a", "title: Mother's Day text: Mother's Day Mother's Day is a celebration honoring the mother of the family, as well as motherhood, maternal bonds, and the influence of mothers in society. It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March or May. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Father's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents Day. The modern Mother's day began in the United States, at the initiative of Ann Reeves Jarvis in the early 20th century. This is not (directly) related to the many traditional celebrations of mothers and motherhood that have", "title: Mother's Day text: existed throughout the world over thousands of years, such as the Greek cult to Cybele, the Roman festival of Hilaria, or the Christian Mothering Sunday celebration (originally a commemoration of Mother Church, not motherhood). However, in some countries, Mother's Day is still synonymous with these older traditions. The U.S.-derived modern version of Mother's Day has been criticized for having become too commercialized. Founder Jarvis herself regretted this commercialism and expressed views on how that was never her intention. The modern holiday of Mother's Day was first celebrated in 1908, when Anna Jarvis held a memorial for her mother at St", "title: Mother's Day text: Dutch Society for Horticulture and Botany, a group protecting the interest of Dutch florists, worked to promote the holiday; they hoped to emulate the commercial success achieved by American florists. They were imitating the campaign already underway by florists in Germany and Austria, but they were aware that the traditions had originated in the US. Florists launched a major promotional effort in 1925. This included the publication of a book of articles written by famous intellectuals, radio broadcasts, newspapers ads, and the collaboration of priests and teachers who wanted to promote the celebration for their own reasons. In 1931 the", "title: Mother's Day (United States) text: in Albion set aside the second Sunday in May to recognize the special contributions of mothers. Frank E. Hering, alumnus and administrator at the University of Notre Dame and President of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, made a plea for \"setting aside one day in the year as a nationwide memorial to the memories of Mothers and motherhood\" in 1904. After observing a class of Notre Dame students sending home penny postcards to their mothers, Hering went on to be a vocal advocate for a national Mother's Day for the next decade. As Hering stated in a 1941 issue of" ]

[ "French Connection" ]

[ "title: French Connection (clothing) text: French Connection (clothing) French Connection (also branded as FCUK or fcuk) is a UK-based global retailer and wholesaler of fashion clothing, accessories and homeware. Founded in the early 1970s by Stephen Marks who also serves as chairman and chief executive, it is based in London and its parent French Connection Group PLC is listed on the London Stock Exchange. French Connection distributes its clothing and accessories through its own stores in the UK, US and Canada and through franchise and wholesale arrangements globally. The company became notorious for the use of the \"fcuk\" initialism in its advertising campaigns in the", "title: Financial Conduct Authority text: Financial Conduct Authority The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is a financial regulatory body in the United Kingdom, but operates independently of the UK Government, and is financed by charging fees to members of the financial services industry. The FCA regulates financial firms providing services to consumers and maintains the integrity of the financial markets in the United Kingdom. It focuses on the regulation of conduct by both retail and wholesale financial services firms. Like its predecessor the FSA, the FCA is structured as a company limited by guarantee. The structure of the FCA’s regulatory authority takes in the Bank of", "title: Financial Services Compensation Scheme text: Financial Services Compensation Scheme The Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) is the UK’s statutory Deposit insurance and investors compensation scheme for customers of authorised financial services firms. This means that FSCS can pay compensation if a firm is unable, or likely to be unable, to pay claims against it. The FSCS is an operationally independent body, set up under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA), and funded by a levy on authorised financial services firms. The scheme rules of the FSCS are made by the FCA and are contained in the FCA's Handbook. The FCA also appoint its", "title: Financial Conduct Authority text: Treasury Select Committee commenced taking evidence on the press briefing. The \"Consumer Protection Agency\" (CPA) promised in 2009 by the Conservative Party became \"Consumer Protection and Markets Authority\" (CPMA), which was changed to Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) after the Treasury Select Committee pointed out that this name could mislead consumers. Financial Conduct Authority The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is a financial regulatory body in the United Kingdom, but operates independently of the UK Government, and is financed by charging fees to members of the financial services industry. The FCA regulates financial firms providing services to consumers and maintains the integrity", "title: French Connection (clothing) text: the political youth organisation Conservative Future, which had briefly adopted the spoof abbreviation \"cfuk\" (short for \"Conservative Future UK\"). French Connection stopped using the initialism in advertising in 2005, and reduced its profile in its shops. However it is still used on certain menswear products and in-store branding. Despite this lowering of the profile, French Connection remains known as \"fcuk\", particularly by the UK press. In 2016 it was reported that French Connection was to bring back its FCUK slogan campaign. While the revival of the UK brand's fortunes in the 1990s has been attributed to the success of the" ]

[ "Shelley Long" ]

[ "title: Modern Family (season 1) text: Guest Actor in a Comedy Series, but lost to Neil Patrick Harris's performance on \"Glee\". Other guest spots included Elizabeth Banks and Edward Norton who appeared in the eighth episode, \"Great Expectations\" with both performances receiving positive reviews. Shelley Long appeared in the fourth episode of the season as DeDe Pritchett, Claire and Mitchell's mother and Jay's ex-wife. Many critics gave her casting positive reviews, with \"Entertainment Weekly\" writer Michael Slezak calling it a \"stroke of genius\". <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The season ranked 21st in the seasonal 18–49 demographic ratings with an average of 3.9 rating/10% share in the demographic meaning that", "title: Modern Family (season 1) text: Modern Family (season 1) The first season of the television comedy series \"Modern Family\" aired between September 23, 2009, and May 19, 2010, on ABC in the United States. The season was produced by Lloyd-Levitan Productions in association with 20th Century Fox Television, with series creators Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan as executive producers. The series focuses on Jay Pritchett (Ed O'Neill), his daughter Claire Dunphy (Julie Bowen), and his son Mitchell Pritchett (Jesse Tyler Ferguson) who live in Los Angeles. Claire is a homemaker mom married to Phil Dunphy (Ty Burrell); they have three children. Jay is married to", "title: Julie Bowen text: Julie Bowen Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer (born March 3, 1970), known professionally as Julie Bowen, is an American actress and model. She is best known for playing Aunt Gwen on \"Dawson's Creek\" (2000), Carol Vessey on \"Ed\" (2000–04), Denise Bauer on \"Boston Legal\" (2005–07), Sarah Shephard on \"Lost\" (2005–07), and Claire Dunphy on the comedy \"Modern Family\" (since 2009). The last earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series (2010–2015), winning in 2011 and 2012. Bowen has also appeared in films such as \"Happy Gilmore\" (1996), \"Multiplicity\" (1996), \"Venus and Mars\" (2001),", "title: Modern Family text: parental relationship through adoption or marriage, and dashed lines indicate a divorce between characters. The series has also had many recurring characters. Reid Ewing appeared in several episodes as Haley's boyfriend Dylan. Fred Willard has guest starred as Phil's father Frank; he was nominated for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards but lost to Neil Patrick Harris's performance on \"Glee\". Shelley Long appeared in the first two seasons and occasionally thereafter as DeDe Pritchett, Jay's ex-wife and Claire and Mitchell's mother. Nathan Lane appears as Cameron and Mitchell's flamboyant friend Pepper Saltzman. Adam", "title: Modern Family (season 1) text: the season finale. Michael Spiller directed two episodes of the first season and went on to direct a majority of the second season. Series co-creator, Steven Levitan, also directed the penultimate episode, \"Hawaii\". The season also featured two freelance directors, Kevin Sullivan and Reginald Hudlin. \"Modern Family\" employs an ensemble cast. The series focuses on Jay Pritchett (Ed O'Neill), his daughter Claire Dunphy (Julie Bowen), and his son Mitchell Pritchett (Jesse Tyler Ferguson) who live in Los Angeles. Claire is a homemaker mom married to Phil Dunphy (Ty Burrell); they have three children, Haley (Sarah Hyland), the typical teenager, Alex" ]

[ "Indira Gandhi" ]

[ "title: I. K. Gujral text: I. K. Gujral Inder Kumar Gujral (4 December 1919 – 30 November 2012) was an Indian politician who served as the 12th Prime Minister of India from April 1997 to March 1998. Gujral was the third PM to be from the Rajya Sabha, the first being Indira Gandhi (January 1966 - March 1977) and the second H. D. Deve Gowda (June 1996 - April 1997) and followed by Manmohan Singh (May 2004 - May 2014). Inder Kumar Gujral was born on 4 December 1919 in a Punjabi Hindu Khatri family to Avtar Narain and Pushpa Gujral in the village of", "title: Shyam Kumari Khan text: Children's Fair in Delhi which was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi on 17 October 1969. She was also a founding member of the Indian Humanist Union, of which she became an elected chairman after the death of Narsingh Narain in 1972. She was a member of the Rajya Sabha from 11 December 1963 to 2 April 1968. Born on 20 October 1904, she was the eldest child of Shamlal Nehru and Uma Nehru. Her father Shamlal was the first cousin of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. She married Abdul Jamil Khan on 7 December 1937 under", "title: Indira Gandhi text: his tenure as Prime Minister between 1947 and 1964. She was elected President of the Indian National Congress in 1959. Upon her father's death in 1964 she was appointed as a member of the Rajya Sabha (upper house) and became a member of Lal Bahadur Shastri's cabinet as Minister of Information and Broadcasting. In the Congress Party's parliamentary leadership election held in early 1966 (upon the death of Shastri), she defeated her rival Morarji Desai, to become leader, and thus succeeded Shastri as Prime Minister of India. As Prime Minister, Gandhi was known for her political intransigency and unprecedented centralisation", "title: Prime Minister of India text: and 40 years old at the time—was sworn in on the evening of 31 October 1984, becoming the youngest person ever to hold the office of prime minister. Rajiv immediately called for a general election. In the subsequent general election, the Congress secured an absolute majority, winning 401 of 552 seats in the Lok Sabha, the maximum number received by any party in the history of India. Vishwanath Pratap Singh—first finance minister and then later defence minister in Gandhi's cabinet—uncovered irregularities, in what became to be known as the Bofors scandal, during his stint at the Ministry of Defence; Singh", "title: 3rd Lok Sabha text: days, before Lal Bahadur Shastri became Prime Minister on 9th June 1964. After Shastri's death on 11 January 1966, Nanda became acting Prime Minister again for 13 days. Later Indira Gandhi, Rajya Sabha member from Uttar Pradesh became Prime Minister on 24 January 1966. The next 4th Lok Sabha was constituted on 4th March 1967 after Indian general election, 1967. 3rd Lok Sabha List of Members of the 3rd Lok Sabha, (2 April 1962 – 3 March 1967) elected February–March 1962. The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house in the Parliament of India. The election was" ]

[ "March 30, 1867" ]

[ "title: Legal status of Alaska text: Alaska became a territory of the United States in 1867, when it was purchased from the Russian Empire. Events in the 20th century such as World War II and the Cold War led to the decision to add Alaska as a state to the American Union. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Alaska Statehood Act into United States law on July 7, 1958, which paved the way for Alaska's admission into the Union on January 3, 1959. The vote for statehood was held in 1958. Voters approved the measure by a 6 to 1 margin. Critics of Alaskan statehood, though,", "title: Alaska Purchase text: from Russia to the United States, which took place on October 19, 1867. The date is by the Gregorian calendar, which came into effect in Alaska the following day to replace the Julian calendar used by the Russians (the Julian calendar in the 19th century was 12 days behind the Gregorian calendar). Alaska Day is a holiday for all state workers. Alaska Purchase The Alaska Purchase () was the United States' acquisition of Alaska from the Russian Empire on March 30, 1867, by a treaty ratified by the United States Senate, and signed by President Andrew Johnson. Russia wanted to", "title: History of Alaska text: worthwhile addition to the United States. World War II and the Japanese invasion highlighted Alaska's strategic importance, and the issue of statehood was taken more seriously, but it was the discovery of oil at Swanson River on the Kenai Peninsula that dispelled the image of Alaska as a weak, dependent region. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Alaska Statehood Act into United States law on July 4, 1958, which paved the way for Alaska's admission into the Union on January 3, 1959. Juneau, the territorial capital, continued as state capital, and William A. Egan was sworn in as the first", "title: Alaska Day text: Alaska Day Alaska Day is a legal holiday in the U.S. state of Alaska, observed on October 18. It is the anniversary of the formal transfer of the Territory of Alaska from Russia to the United States, which occurred on Friday, October 18, 1867. On March 30, 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from the Russian Empire for the sum of $7.2 million. It was not until October of that year that the commissioners arrived in Sitka and the formal transfer was arranged. The formal flag-raising took place at Fort Sitka on October 18, 1867. The original ceremony included 250", "title: William A. Egan text: Territorial Senator Egan was chosen to lead the body in drafting a new state document. Following the end of the convention a year later, the Alaska Constitution was sent to Alaskans as part of a referendum in 1958, passing easily. The statehood issue was turned over to the U.S. Congress later that year, passing by only one vote. President Dwight Eisenhower signed the resulting Alaska Statehood Act into law. Alaska was to become the 49th state. Alaska was scheduled to become a U.S. state on January 3, 1959. Egan decided to run to become Alaska's first state governor. He won" ]

[ "Flannery O'Connor" ]

[ "title: A Good Man Is Hard to Find (short story) text: A Good Man Is Hard to Find (short story) \"A Good Man Is Hard to Find\" is a short story written by Flannery O'Connor in 1953. The story appears in the collection of short stories of the same name. The interpretive work of scholars often focuses on the controversial final scene. The story was first published in 1953 in the anthology \"The Avon Book of Modern Writing\". In 1960, it was collected in the anthology \"The House of Fiction\", published by Charles Scribner's Sons. Because of its publication in many anthologies, \"A Good Man Is Hard to Find\" became one", "title: A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories text: A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories (published in the United Kingdom as The Artificial Nigger and Other Tales) is a collection of short stories by American author Flannery O'Connor. The collection was first published in 1955. The subjects of the short stories range from baptism (\"The River\") to serial killers (\"A Good Man Is Hard to Find\") to human greed and exploitation (\"The Life You Save May Be Your Own\"). The majority of the stories include jarring violent scenes that make the characters undergo a spiritual", "title: Reading Like a Writer text: and Later Writings Cheever John The Stories of John Cheever \"Sentences\" Jarrell Randall Pictures from an Institution Bowles Jane Two Serious Ladies \"Narration\" \"Dialogue\" Rulfo Juan Pedro Paramo \"Courage\" Taylor Peter A Summons to Memphis \"Narration\" Salinger J.D. Franny and Zooey \"Detail\" Gaddis William The Recognitions Gallant Mavis Paris Stories \"Narration\" Calviino Italo Cosmicomics Fox Paula Desperate Characters \"Paragraphs\" Herbert Zbigniew Selected Poems \"Courage\" O'Connor Flannery Wise Blood \"Narration\" \"Gesture\" O'Connor Flannery A Good Man is Hard to Find and Other Stories \"Words\" O'Connor Flannery Collected Stories \"Detail\" Yates Richard Revolutionary Road \"Words\" Marquez Gabrial Garcia One Hundred Years of", "title: The Complete Stories (O'Connor) text: The Complete Stories (O'Connor) The Complete Stories is a collection of short stories by Flannery O'Connor. It was published in 1971 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. It comprises all the stories in \"A Good Man Is Hard to Find\" and \"Everything That Rises Must Converge\" plus several previously unavailable stories. \"Complete Stories\" won the 1972 U.S. National Book Award for Fiction. Internet visitors named it the \"Best of the National Book Awards\" as part of the Fiction Award's 60th anniversary celebration in 2009, voting on a ballot of the best six award winners selected by writers associated with the Foundation.", "title: The Complete Stories (O'Connor) text: The Complete Stories (O'Connor) The Complete Stories is a collection of short stories by Flannery O'Connor. It was published in 1971 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. It comprises all the stories in \"A Good Man Is Hard to Find\" and \"Everything That Rises Must Converge\" plus several previously unavailable stories. \"Complete Stories\" won the 1972 U.S. National Book Award for Fiction. Internet visitors named it the \"Best of the National Book Awards\" as part of the Fiction Award's 60th anniversary celebration in 2009, voting on a ballot of the best six award winners selected by writers associated with the Foundation." ]

[ "Richard Leigh" ]

[ "title: Richard Leigh (songwriter) text: Richard Leigh (songwriter) Richard Leigh (born 1951 in Washington, D.C.) is an American country music songwriter and singer. He is best known for penning \"Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue\" (sung by Crystal Gayle). In 1978 he received a Grammy Award for \"Best Country Song\" for the popular song. It was nominated in both pop and country categories and reached number one on both charts. His first number one song was \"I'll Get Over You\" (1976), also sung by Crystal Gayle. Other prominent singers who have brought his songs number one status over the years include Billy Dean, Mickey", "title: Richard Leigh (songwriter) text: unless otherwise noted. Richard Leigh (songwriter) Richard Leigh (born 1951 in Washington, D.C.) is an American country music songwriter and singer. He is best known for penning \"Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue\" (sung by Crystal Gayle). In 1978 he received a Grammy Award for \"Best Country Song\" for the popular song. It was nominated in both pop and country categories and reached number one on both charts. His first number one song was \"I'll Get Over You\" (1976), also sung by Crystal Gayle. Other prominent singers who have brought his songs number one status over the years include", "title: Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue text: Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue \"Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue\" is a song written by Richard Leigh, and recorded by American country music singer Crystal Gayle. It was released in March 1977 as the first single from Gayle's album \"We Must Believe in Magic\". Despite the title, Gayle herself has blue eyes. \"Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue\" composer Richard Leigh had been responsible for all three of Crystal Gayle's previous Top Ten C&W hits, the third of which \"I'll Get Over You\" had reached number 1. According to Gayle's regular producer Allen Reynolds, he", "title: Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue text: Statton (aka Devine & Statton), , Georgia White and Dana Winner. Mireille Mathieu has recorded the song first in French as \"Un peu de bleu\" in 1977 then in German as \"Tränen Würden Mir Nicht Stehn\" in 1980, another French rendering \"Mes yeux bleus sont gris\" was recorded by Michèle Torr, Matell, and a Cantonese version titled \"你說是甜我說苦 (Your Words Are Sweet, Mine Are Bitter)\" was recorded by Prudence Liew for her \"Jokingly Saying\" album. Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue \"Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue\" is a song written by Richard Leigh, and recorded by American", "title: Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue text: eye. The song became a worldwide hit single. In the United States, it topped the \"Billboard\" country music chart and was Gayle's first (and biggest) crossover pop hit, reaching number 1 on the \"Cashbox\" Top 100 for two weeks, and number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for 3 weeks, behind Debby Boone's smash hit, \"You Light Up My Life\". The album received Platinum status, the first by a female country singer. The song became Gayle's signature piece throughout her career. In 1978, the song won Gayle a Grammy Award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance. In 1999, the song" ]

[ "Michael Rooker" ]

[ "title: The Walking Dead (season 3) text: two, including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series, at the 39th Saturn Awards. This season adapts material from issues #13–38 of the comic book series and introduces notable comic characters, including Michonne (Danai Gurira), Axel (Lew Temple), The Governor (David Morrissey) and Tyreese Williams (Chad L. Coleman). It also marks the return of Merle Dixon (Michael Rooker), the volatile older brother of Daryl Dixon (Norman Reedus), who went missing in the first season, and also features the return of Morgan Jones (Lennie James), the first survivor Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) encountered and befriended, who he lost contact with in season one. As", "title: Merle Dixon text: Merle Dixon Merle Dixon is a fictional character from the horror drama television series \"The Walking Dead\", which airs on AMC in the United States. He was created by series developer Frank Darabont and portrayed by Michael Rooker. The character was first introduced in the first season as a Southern redneck hunter who has a younger brother, Daryl. He is misogynistic and racist, which causes tensions between him and his group of survivors. Following an encounter with series protagonist Rick Grimes, Merle disappears and joins the community of Woodbury, Georgia, where he becomes the right-hand man of The Governor. He", "title: Merle Dixon text: what's happening, and no mystery, but it's powerful regardless, inspiring fear and pity for both characters, and ending the hour on a high note.\" Merle Dixon Merle Dixon is a fictional character from the horror drama television series \"The Walking Dead\", which airs on AMC in the United States. He was created by series developer Frank Darabont and portrayed by Michael Rooker. The character was first introduced in the first season as a Southern redneck hunter who has a younger brother, Daryl. He is misogynistic and racist, which causes tensions between him and his group of survivors. Following an encounter", "title: Vatos text: Vatos \"Vatos\" is the fourth episode of the first season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series \"The Walking Dead\". It originally aired on AMC in the United States on November 21, 2010. The episode was written by Robert Kirkman and Elvis Jasso Marín, and directed by Johan Renck. In the episode, Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln), Daryl Dixon (Norman Reedus), Theodore \"T-Dog\" Douglas (IronE Singleton), and Glenn Rhee (Steven Yeun) return to downtown Atlanta in search of Daryl's brother, Merle. The group are later targeted by a Latino gang, whose leader threatens to kill them if they do not relinquish their", "title: Daryl Dixon text: video game \"\", and he stars in the mobile game \"The Walking Dead: No Man's Land.\" Daryl has been well received by fans and critics. Initially a member of the recurring cast, Reedus was upgraded to series regular after season one. In their childhood, Daryl and his older brother, Merle, lived with an abusive, alcoholic father, Will. He was raised by Merle, though Merle was often away (serving time in juvenile institutions). Daryl had significant periods of time alone and, throughout these lonely periods, learned to fend for himself and adopted a hard-boiled survivalist mindset. When the outbreak occurs he" ]

[ "March 5, 2017" ]

[ "title: Shades of Blue (TV series) text: episodes. The third and final season premiered on June 17, 2018, and the series finale aired on August 19, 2018. In February 2014, NBC gave a 13-episode straight-to-series order. A teaser trailer was made available on June 3, 2015, containing statements by Lopez, Ray Liotta, and Drea de Matteo. The series premiered on January 7, 2016. On February 5, 2016, NBC renewed \"Shades of Blue\" for a 13-episode second season, which premiered on March 5, 2017. On March 17, 2017, the series was renewed for a third season. NBC later announced on April 4, 2018, that this would be the", "title: Shades of Blue (TV series) text: a recurring role as Assistant District Attorney James Nava. On June 15, 2016, Anna Gunn joined Shades of Blue's second season in a recurring role. Filming for the first season began on June 5, 2015, in New York City. Filming for the second season began in July 2016 in New York City. Filming for the third season began in April 2017 in New York City. The show has received mixed reviews despite praise for Lopez's performance. On Metacritic, \"Shades of Blue\" has a Metascore of 58/100, based on 28 critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the show is rated 56% based on", "title: Jennifer Lopez text: its most-watched Thursday debut in seven years with 8.6 million viewers. Lopez's performance received positive reviews. \"Shades of Blue\" was renewed for a second season, which premiered in March 2017. That same month, the series was renewed for a third season. In May 2015, she announced her Las Vegas residency concert show, which commenced on January 20, 2016, the first of twenty initial dates. Titled All I Have, it takes place at Planet Hollywood's Zappos Theater theater. The residency has been lucrative, and Lopez signed a three-year contract which saw her perform 120 shows. The residency concluded on September 29,", "title: James Ciccone text: Sundance Film Festival Ciccone appeared in the World Premiere of the racially charged bio-pic Crown Heights, which took home the Festival Audience Award for the US Dramatic competition. In 2017 Ciccone appeared in recurring roles on two major episodics: NBC's \"Shades of Blue\", starring Jennifer Lopez and Ray Liotta, and HBO’s hit television drama The Deuce starring James Franco and Maggie Gyllenhall. In 2018 his character (mob boss \"Carmine Patriccia\") continues to appear in season 2 on The Deuce. Also in 2018 Ciccone has made guest star appearances in Fox's primetime network hit, Gotham scene partnering with Robin Lord Taylor,", "title: Shades of Blue (TV series) text: final season, and it would contain 10 episodes. The third season premiered on June 17, 2018. Lopez was given the main role in 2014. On February 26, 2015, Liotta, de Matteo, Vincent Laresca and Warren Kole were cast as Lt. Matt Wozniak, Det. Shirley Nazario, Det. Tony Espada and Agent Robert Stahl, respectively. Dayo Okeniyi was given the role of Det. Michael Loman. On March 30, 2015, Hampton Fluker was cast in a recurring role as Det. Marcus Tufo. On April 8, Sarah Jeffery was cast as Santos' daughter, Christina. On April 13, 2015, Gino Anthony Pesi was cast in" ]

[ "Buzz Lightyear" ]

[ "title: Tim Allen text: Tim Allen Timothy Alan Dick (born June 13, 1953), known professionally as Tim Allen, is an American actor and comedian. He is known for playing Tim \"The Toolman\" Taylor on the ABC sitcom \"Home Improvement\" (1991 to 1999) and Mike Baxter on the ABC sitcom \"Last Man Standing\" (2011 to 2017), which was picked up by Fox in 2018 for a seventh season. He voiced Buzz Lightyear for the \"Toy Story franchise\" and played Scott Calvin and Santa Claus in \"The Santa Clause\" film trilogy (1994–2006). Allen's other films include \"For Richer or Poorer\" (1997), \"Jungle 2 Jungle\" (1997), \"Galaxy", "title: Tim Allen text: top rated television series (\"Home Improvement\") within the span of one week. \"Home Improvement\" ran until 1999, for which he was paid US$1.25 million per episode. In 1995, Allen provided the voice of Buzz Lightyear in the Disney/Pixar blockbuster \"Toy Story\". In 1997, he starred in the family comedy \"Jungle 2 Jungle\" from Disney. The next year he returned to voice Buzz Lightyear in \"Toy Story 2\" which was a financial and critical hit. Also, in 1999 he starred in the sci-fi parody \"Galaxy Quest\" alongside Sigourney Weaver, Alan Rickman, and Sam Rockwell. In 2002, he reprised his role as", "title: Buzz Lightyear text: Buzz Lightyear Buzz Lightyear is a fictional character in the \"Toy Story\" franchise. He is a toy Space Ranger superhero according to the movies and an action figure in the franchise. Along with Sheriff Woody, he is one of the two lead characters in all three \"Toy Story\" movies. He also appeared in the movie \"\" and the television series spin-off \"Buzz Lightyear of Star Command\". He is voiced by Tim Allen in the \"Toy Story\" films, a few video games, and the \"Buzz Lightyear\" movie, Patrick Warburton in the TV series, and by Pat Fraley for the video games", "title: Buzz Lightyear of Star Command: The Adventure Begins text: highest commendation). They fly to the galaxy and shout \"To infinity and beyond!\" Set in the fictional universe of the Pixar film series \"Toy Story\", the film inspired a line of Buzz Lightyear toys. The opening computer-animated sequence was created by Pixar, while the rest of the film was traditionally animated by Walt Disney Television Animation. It was the only film spin-off of a Pixar film until 2013's theatrical \"Cars\" spin-off film \"Planes\". Tim Allen reprises his role as the voice of Buzz Lightyear, as do Wallace Shawn, R. Lee Ermey, Jeff Pidgeon, and Joe Ranft as Rex, Sarge, Squeeze", "title: Toy Story text: Toy Story Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated buddy adventure comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The feature-film directorial debut of John Lasseter, it was the first feature-length film to be entirely computer-animated, as well as the first feature film from Pixar. The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen, and Alec Sokolow from a story by Lasseter, Pete Docter, Stanton, and Joe Ranft. The film features music by Randy Newman, and was executive-produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull. The film features the voices of Tom Hanks, Tim" ]

[ "June 29, 2007" ]

[ "title: IPhone (1st generation) text: IPhone (1st generation) The iPhone (colloquially known as the iPhone 2G after 2008) is the first smartphone model designed and marketed by Apple Inc. After years of rumors and speculation, it was officially announced on January 9, 2007, and was later released in the United States on June 29, 2007. It featured quad-band GSM cellular connectivity with GPRS and EDGE support for data transfer. Development of the iPhone dated back to 2005, when former Apple CEO Steve Jobs conceptualized the idea of a device that users could directly interface with the display. The design was expanded upon over the next", "title: History of iPhone text: the phones on June 29, 2012. T-Mobile began offering iPhone on April 12, 2013. On November 9, 2007, the iPhone was officially launched As in the case of the previous launch in the US, customers lined up as much as a day in advance to obtain the much-anticipated phone. Apple occasionally produced a limited number of 4GB iPhones for German and UK markets, but they never reached end customers and were used as in-store demo units. Later most of the units were disposed of. The initial operating model of locking iPhone owners to one selected carrier has been controversial in", "title: IPhone text: to develop the iPhone's hardware and software in-house and even paid Apple a fraction of its monthly service revenue (until the iPhone 3G), in exchange for four years of exclusive US sales, until 2011. Jobs unveiled the iPhone to the public on January 9, 2007, at the Macworld 2007 convention at the Moscone Center in San Francisco. The two initial models, a 4 GB model priced at US$499 and an 8 GB model at US$599 (both requiring a two-year contract), went on sale in the United States on June 29, 2007, at 6:00 pm local time, while hundreds of customers", "title: IPhone text: lined up outside the stores nationwide. The passionate reaction to the launch of the iPhone resulted in sections of the media dubbing it the 'Jesus phone'. Following this successful release in the US, the first generation iPhone was made available in the UK, France, and Germany in November 2007, and Ireland and Austria in the spring of 2008. On July 11, 2008, Apple released the iPhone 3G in twenty-two countries, including the original six. Apple released the iPhone 3G in upwards of eighty countries and territories. Apple announced the iPhone 3GS on June 8, 2009, along with plans to release", "title: IPhone text: IPhone iPhone ( ) is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. All generations of the iPhone use Apple's iOS mobile operating system software. The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases have been released since. The user interface is built around the device's multi-touch screen, including a virtual keyboard. The iPhone has Wi-Fi and can connect to cellular networks. An iPhone can shoot video (though this was not a standard feature until the iPhone 3GS), take photos, play music, send and receive email, browse the web," ]

[ "Van Morrison" ]

[ "title: Have I Told You Lately text: Have I Told You Lately \"Have I Told You Lately\" is a song written and recorded by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison for his nineteenth studio album \"Avalon Sunset\" (1989). It is a romantic ballad that is often played at weddings, although it was originally written as a prayer. \"Have I Told You Lately\" has received acclaim, winning a Grammy Award and a BMI Million-Air certificate. It was released as a single on 5 June 1989, and reached number 12 on the US \"Billboard\" Adult Contemporary chart. It has become a popular cover song with many vocal and instrumental versions", "title: Have I Told You Lately text: Impressionist and comedian Rory Bremner included the song as one of his eight \"Desert Island Discs\" on BBC Radio 4 on 20 April 2003. Television and radio presenter Gloria Hunniford also included the song on her list on 24 December 2006. Have I Told You Lately \"Have I Told You Lately\" is a song written and recorded by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison for his nineteenth studio album \"Avalon Sunset\" (1989). It is a romantic ballad that is often played at weddings, although it was originally written as a prayer. \"Have I Told You Lately\" has received acclaim, winning a", "title: Vagabond Heart text: Angeles on Valentine's Day. Vagabond Heart Vagabond Heart is the 16th studio album by the singer-songwriter Rod Stewart, released in 1991. The album reached No. 10 in the US, and reached No. 2 in the UK. The album featured five singles, among them a cover for Robbie Robertson's song \"Broken Arrow\" (No. 20 in the US) and Van Morrison's song \"Have I Told You Lately\", which would become a hit two years later (in a live version) and is Rod Stewart's most recent top five solo hit in the US and the UK. The two biggest hits from the album", "title: Vagabond Heart text: Vagabond Heart Vagabond Heart is the 16th studio album by the singer-songwriter Rod Stewart, released in 1991. The album reached No. 10 in the US, and reached No. 2 in the UK. The album featured five singles, among them a cover for Robbie Robertson's song \"Broken Arrow\" (No. 20 in the US) and Van Morrison's song \"Have I Told You Lately\", which would become a hit two years later (in a live version) and is Rod Stewart's most recent top five solo hit in the US and the UK. The two biggest hits from the album were \"Rhythm of My", "title: Have I Told You Lately text: recorded by numerous artists and bands. In 1993, Rod Stewart's version charted at number five on both the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 as well as on the UK Singles Chart. Composed as a love ballad and built on the framework of \"Someone Like You\", it is preceded on \"Avalon Sunset\" by the song, \"I'd Love to Write Another Song\" proclaiming \"In poetry I'd carve it well/ I'd even make it rhyme.\" Then, in the words of Brian Hinton what follows is: Coney Island Medley with the Chieftains Rod Stewart covered the song for his album \"Vagabond Heart\" (1991). A live" ]

[ "India", "China" ]

[ "title: World population text: permanently inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.54 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world population. The world's two most populated countries, China and India, together constitute about 36% of the world's population. Africa is the second most populated continent, with around 1.28 billion people, or 16% of the world's population. Europe's 742 million people make up 10% of the world's population as of 2018, while the Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 651 million (9%). Northern America, primarily consisting of the United States and Canada, has a population", "title: Asia text: Asia Asia () is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres. It shares the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe and the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Europe and Africa. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense", "title: Demographics of Asia text: Development Index scores based on the 2015 report. Demographics of Asia The continent of Asia covers 29.4% of the Earth's land area and has a population of around 4.5 billion (), accounting for about 60% of the world population. The combined population of both China and India are estimated to be over 2.7 billion people . Asian population is projected to grow to 5.26 billion by 2050, or about 54% of projected world population at that time. Population growth in Asia was close to 1.2% p.a. , with highly disparate rates, many West Asian countries showing growth rates above 2%", "title: Demographics of Asia text: Demographics of Asia The continent of Asia covers 29.4% of the Earth's land area and has a population of around 4.5 billion (), accounting for about 60% of the world population. The combined population of both China and India are estimated to be over 2.7 billion people . Asian population is projected to grow to 5.26 billion by 2050, or about 54% of projected world population at that time. Population growth in Asia was close to 1.2% p.a. , with highly disparate rates, many West Asian countries showing growth rates above 2% p.a., and notably Pakistan at 2.4% p.a., offset", "title: Economy of Asia text: Jakarta (Indonesia), Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Lahore (Pakistan), Metro Manila (Philippines), Cebu (Philippines) and Bangkok (Thailand). Economy of Asia The economy of Asia comprises more than 4.5 billion people (60% of the world population) living in 49 different nation states. Six further states lie partly in Asia, but are considered to belong to another region economically and politically. Asia is the fastest growing economic region, as well as the largest continental economy by both GDP Nominal and PPP in the world. China, Japan, India, South Korea and Indonesia are currently the top five economies in Asia. Moreover, Asia is the site" ]

[ "Liam Neeson" ]

[ "title: Taken (film) text: Taken (film) Taken is a 2008 French action thriller film written by Luc Besson and Robert Mark Kamen, and directed by Pierre Morel. It stars Liam Neeson, Maggie Grace, Famke Janssen, Katie Cassidy, Leland Orser, and Holly Valance. Neeson plays Bryan Mills, a former CIA operative who sets about tracking down his teenage daughter Kim (Grace) and her best friend Amanda (Cassidy) after the two girls are kidnapped by Albanian sex traffickers while traveling in France during a vacation. \"Taken\" grossed more than $226 million. Numerous media outlets have cited the film as a turning point in Neeson's career that", "title: Taken (film) text: third \"Taken\" film was released 16 December 2014. In September 2015, NBC ordered a prequel series depicting a younger Bryan Mills with Clive Standen portraying Mills, Gaius Charles, Monique Gabriela Curnen, James Landry Hebert, Michael Irby, Jose Pablo Cantillo, Jennifer Marsala and Simu Liu are cast as John, Vlasik, Casey, Scott, Dave, Riley and Faaron, members of OPCON. Brooklyn Sudano is cast as Asha, an attractive, well-educated young student from an upper-middle-class family who is furthering her education when she first meets Bryan and Jennifer Beals is cast as Christina Hart, the Special Deputy Director of National Intelligence who has", "title: Taken 3 text: F scale. Taken 3 Taken 3 (sometimes stylized as Tak3n) is a 2014 English-language French action thriller film directed by Olivier Megaton and written by Luc Besson and Robert Mark Kamen. It is the third and final installment in the \"Taken\" trilogy. The film stars Liam Neeson, Forest Whitaker, Maggie Grace and Famke Janssen. The film was released in France on 21 January 2015 and in the United States on 9 January 2015, by 20th Century Fox. It received generally unfavorable reviews from critics and grossed $326 million worldwide. Former covert operative Bryan Mills (Liam Neeson) visits his daughter, Kim", "title: Taken 3 text: Taken 3 Taken 3 (sometimes stylized as Tak3n) is a 2014 English-language French action thriller film directed by Olivier Megaton and written by Luc Besson and Robert Mark Kamen. It is the third and final installment in the \"Taken\" trilogy. The film stars Liam Neeson, Forest Whitaker, Maggie Grace and Famke Janssen. The film was released in France on 21 January 2015 and in the United States on 9 January 2015, by 20th Century Fox. It received generally unfavorable reviews from critics and grossed $326 million worldwide. Former covert operative Bryan Mills (Liam Neeson) visits his daughter, Kim (Maggie Grace),", "title: Taken (film) text: taken Mills under her wing. Cultured and powerful with a wealth of field experience, her current government position has her overseeing an elite team of operatives who take care of America’s national security emergencies. Alexander Cary will be the writer, executive producer and showrunner for the series and Alex Graves directing the pilot. Taken (film) Taken is a 2008 French action thriller film written by Luc Besson and Robert Mark Kamen, and directed by Pierre Morel. It stars Liam Neeson, Maggie Grace, Famke Janssen, Katie Cassidy, Leland Orser, and Holly Valance. Neeson plays Bryan Mills, a former CIA operative who" ]

[ "Spencer Tracy" ]

[ "title: The Old Man and the Sea text: In 1954 Hemingway donated his Nobel prize gold medal in Literature to the venerated Marian image of Our Lady of Charity. The Swedish medal was stolen in 1986, but was returned later upon the threat of Raul Castro. \"The Old Man and the Sea\" has been adapted for the screen three times: a 1958 film starring Spencer Tracy, a 1990 miniseries starring Anthony Quinn, and a 1999 animated short film. It is often taught in high schools as a part of the American Literature curriculum. In 2003 the book was listed at number 173 on the BBC's The Big Read", "title: Narration text: (for example, Gabriel in James Joyce's \"The Dead\", Nathaniel Hawthorne's \"Young Goodman Brown\", or Santiago in Hemingway's \"The Old Man and the Sea\"). Certain third-person omniscient modes are also classifiable as \"third person, subjective\" modes that switch between the thoughts and feelings of all the characters. This style, in both its limited and omniscient variants, became the most popular narrative perspective during the 20th century. In contrast to the broad, sweeping perspectives seen in many 19th-century novels, third-person subjective is sometimes called the \"over the shoulder\" perspective; the narrator only describes events perceived and information known by a character. At", "title: Francesco Quinn text: designer to whom Anthony Quinn was married for 31 years. Quinn had Mexican, Irish, and Italian ancestry. Quinn appeared in many feature films including the New York Independent Film Festival winner \"Placebo Effect\". He acted with his father in several films, including \"A Star For Two\" with Lauren Bacall. The two Quinns also had the opportunity to share the role of Santiago in the 1990 mini-series \"The Old Man and the Sea\", son and father playing the character as a young and old man. Quinn sometimes played moody, dangerous characters, such as vampire Vlad Tepes in the 2003 direct to", "title: The Old Man and the Sea (1958 film) text: The credits note that \"Some of the marlin film used in this picture was of the world's record catch by Alfred C. Glassell, Jr. at the Cabo Blanco Fishing Club in Peru. Mr. Glassell acted as special advisor for these sequences.\" Veteran film composer Dimitri Tiomkin composed and conducted the music for the film. His soundtrack recording, with the Warner Brothers Studio Orchestra, was recorded in the auditorium of Hollywood Post No. 43, American Legion, in Hollywood; \"Billboard\" reported that the acoustics in the Hollywood Legion were \"far superior to most studio space in Hollywood and similar to that of", "title: The Old Man and the Sea (1958 film) text: The Old Man and the Sea (1958 film) The Old Man and the Sea is a 1958 American adventure drama film directed by John Sturges, who replaced the original uncredited director Fred Zinnemann. The screenplay by Peter Viertel was based on the novella of the same name by Ernest Hemingway. The film stars Spencer Tracy. Dimitri Tiomkin won the Academy Award for Best Original Score for his work on the film. James Wong Howe was also nominated for best color cinematography. The same year, Tracy was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor. The Old Man in the film" ]

[ "September 17, 2017" ]

[ "title: Dragon Ball Super text: p.m. with an encore showing in their Toonami block later that night at 11:30 p.m. starting on January 7, 2017. This was later confirmed on Toonami's official Facebook page. The United States premiere of \"Dragon Ball Super\" obtained 1,063,000 viewers for its 8 p.m. showing on Adult Swim. Toonami Africa started airing Dragon Ball Super in Fall 2017 at 15:00 CAT (Central African Time) with an edited Funimation English Dub. In Australia, ABC Me started airing Dragon Ball Super on November 3, 2018, with a new episode every Saturday at 2:45 pm. Norihito Sumitomo, the composer for \"Battle of Gods\"", "title: Dragon Ball Super text: Zamasu.\" The final arc, \"Universe Survival Arc,\" garnered much more positive reception than previous arcs. Several episodes such as 109/110 and 116 have been cited as some of the Super series' best episodes; WatchMojo.com listed the fight between Goku and Jiren in episodes 109/110 as the best anime fight of 2017. Despite this praise, Jay Gibbs of ComicsVerse criticized the series for its inconsistent narrative, having heard \"an explanation within an episode, then see that very explanation invalidated seconds later.\" Episodes 130 and 131 were live streamed in several cities in Mexico, El Salvador, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Nicaragua for free", "title: Dragon Ball Super text: April 1, 2018. According to Amazon Japan, the final Blu-ray set indicated the series' end at episode 131. The series ended on March 25, 2018, with the conclusion of the \"Universe Survival Saga\". Fuji TV stated that no definite plans were made to either continue the series at a later date or discontinue it entirely. \"Dragon Ball Super\" received an English-language dub that premiered on the Toonami channel in Southeast Asia and India on January 21, 2017. This dub is produced by Los Angeles based Bang Zoom! Entertainment for the Asian market. A sneak preview of the English dub's first", "title: Dragon Ball Super text: Yamadera and Masakazu Morita also return as Beerus and Whis, respectively. The first preview of the series aired on June 14, 2015, following episode 164 of \"Dragon Ball Z Kai\". The next day, the main promotional image for \"Dragon Ball Super\" was added to its official website and unveiled two new characters, who were later revealed to be named Champa and Vados, respectively. A thirty-second trailer including the new characters was uploaded to the series' official website on June 26, 2015. On January 19, 2018, it was revealed that \"Super\"'s timeslot will be replaced with \"GeGeGe no Kitarō\" starting on", "title: Dragon Ball Super text: for episodes 73 to 83 is by The Collectors. The eighth ending theme song for episodes 84 to 96 is \"Boogie Back\" by Miyu Inoue. The ninth ending theme song for episodes 97 to 108 is by Lacco Tower. The tenth ending theme song for episodes 109 to 121 is by RottenGraffty. The eleventh ending theme song for episodes 122 to 131 is \"Lagrima\" by OnePixcel. \"Dragon Ball Super\" is also a manga illustrated by artist Toyotarou, who was previously responsible for the official \"Resurrection 'F\"' manga adaptation. Toyotarou explained that he receives the major plot points from Toriyama, before" ]

[ "Los Angeles County" ]

[ "title: Life in Pieces text: Life in Pieces Life in Pieces is an American sitcom television series created by Justin Adler and which airs on CBS. The series debuted on September 21, 2015. The first season was picked up for a full 22-episode order on October 27, 2015. On May 11, 2016, CBS renewed the show for a second season, which premiered on October 27, 2016. On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a third season, which premiered on November 2, 2017. On May 12, 2018, CBS renewed the series for a fourth season. The series chronicles the lives of three generations of", "title: Life in Pieces text: the Short family as they go about their daily lives in Los Angeles County. Each episode is told as four short stories, one for each branch of the Short family. The show debuted on September 21, 2015 on CBS. The first five episodes aired on Mondays, before it was moved on November 5, 2015, to a new time slot of 8:30 p.m. ET/PT (7:30 p.m. CT) on Thursdays, directly after CBS finished its NFL broadcasts. In the United States, the first season airs on Netflix, with the second season also being available in Canada. In the UK all seasons are", "title: Life in Pieces text: on 24 reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews.\" Life in Pieces Life in Pieces is an American sitcom television series created by Justin Adler and which airs on CBS. The series debuted on September 21, 2015. The first season was picked up for a full 22-episode order on October 27, 2015. On May 11, 2016, CBS renewed the show for a second season, which premiered on October 27, 2016. On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a third season, which premiered on November 2, 2017. On May 12, 2018, CBS renewed the series for a fourth season. The series", "title: Thomas Sadoski text: Thomas Sadoski Thomas Sadoski (born July 1, 1976) is an American stage, film, and television actor. He is best known for his roles as Don Keefer in the HBO series \"The Newsroom\" and as Matt Short in the sitcom television series \"Life in Pieces\". Sadoski was born in New Haven, Connecticut and raised in College Station, Texas. Sadoski attended the University of North Texas in Denton, TX for one semester. He graduated from New York's Circle in the Square Theatre School in 1998. Sadoski married Kimberly Hope in 2007. They divorced in October 2015. Sadoski began dating actress Amanda Seyfried", "title: Brenda Song text: television project. In April 2015, Song was cast in a regular role in the NBC comedy pilot \"Take It From Us\". In November 2015, Song was cast in the show \"Life in Pieces\" as Bonnie. In February 2016, Song was cast in CBS pilot \"Bunker Hill\". Later renamed \"Pure Genius\", the series was picked up by CBS and is scheduled to begin airing in the 2016-2017 television season. In March 2017, Song was cast as a series regular in the CBS pilot \"Real Life\". She was also cast in Seth Green's directorial debut \"Changeland\". In August 2017, it was announced" ]

[ "Representatives" ]

[ "title: Treaty of Waitangi text: Treaty of Waitangi The Treaty of Waitangi () is a treaty first signed on 6 February 1840 by representatives of the British Crown and Māori chiefs (rangatira) from the North Island of New Zealand. It is a document of central importance to the history and political constitution of the state of New Zealand, and has been highly significant in framing the political relations between New Zealand's government and the Māori population. The Treaty was written at a time when British colonists were pressuring the Crown to establish a colony in New Zealand, and when some Māori leaders had petitioned the", "title: Treaty of Waitangi text: and William Hobson shaking hands. Treaty of Waitangi The Treaty of Waitangi () is a treaty first signed on 6 February 1840 by representatives of the British Crown and Māori chiefs (rangatira) from the North Island of New Zealand. It is a document of central importance to the history and political constitution of the state of New Zealand, and has been highly significant in framing the political relations between New Zealand's government and the Māori population. The Treaty was written at a time when British colonists were pressuring the Crown to establish a colony in New Zealand, and when some", "title: Waitangi, Northland text: the Crown were Te Wharerahi, Pumuka, and the two Hokianga chiefs, Tāmati Wāka Nene and his brother Eruera Maihi Patuone. The proceedings were ended and were to recommence on February 7; however, a number of chiefs pressed to sign earlier. The Treaty of Waitangi was initially signed on February 6, 1840 in a marquee erected in the grounds of James Busby's house at Waitangi by representatives of the British Crown, the chiefs of the Confederation of the United Tribes of New Zealand, and other Māori tribal leaders, and subsequently by other Māori chiefs at other places in New Zealand. Not", "title: Treaty of Waitangi text: around New Zealand and over the following months many other chiefs signed. Around 530 to 540 Māori, at least 13 of them women, signed the Treaty of Waitangi, despite some Māori leaders cautioning against it. An immediate result of the Treaty was that Queen Victoria's government gained the sole right to purchase land. In total there are nine signed copies of the Treaty of Waitangi including the sheet signed on 6 February 1840 at Waitangi. The text of the Treaty includes a preamble and three articles. It is bilingual, with the Māori text translated from the English. Article one of", "title: Waitangi Day text: Bay of Islands. The treaty was signed by representatives acting on behalf of the British Crown and, initially, about 45 Māori chiefs. Over the course of the next seven months, copies of the treaty were toured around the country to give other chiefs the opportunity to sign. The signing had the effect of securing British sovereignty over the islands of New Zealand, which was officially proclaimed on 21 May 1840. Prior to 1934, most celebrations of New Zealand's founding as a colony were held on 29 January, the date on which William Hobson arrived in the Bay of Islands to" ]

[ "Michael Zweifel" ]

[ "title: Zay Jones text: of 17 held by Justin Hardy and then went on to break the school record for receptions in a season, also held by Hardy, nine games into the season. Subsequently, Jones became the NCAA Division I football all-time single season leader in receptions with 158 for the 2016 season, breaking the previous record of 155 set by wide receiver Freddie Barnes of Bowling Green in 2009. Additionally, Jones became the NCAA Division I football career leader in receptions with 399, breaking the all-time NCAA record of 387 held by his former ECU Pirate teammate and future NFL receiver Justin Hardy.", "title: Zay Jones text: Zay Jones Isaiah Avery \"Zay\" Jones (born March 30, 1995) is an American football wide receiver for the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at East Carolina. Jones is the all-time NCAA Division I career receptions leader with 399 as well as the all-time NCAA Division I single-season receptions leader with 158. Jones was born on March 30, 1995 in Dallas,Texas, the son of Robert Jones, a former football player who spent ten years in the NFL, and Maneesha Jones. He has two brothers, Cayleb and Levi and his uncle is Jeff Blake. Jones", "title: East Carolina Pirates football text: East Carolina has had 25 All-Americans (three consensus) in its history. 2016 – Wide receiver Zay Jones became the NCAA Division I football single season leader in receptions with 158 for the 2016 season, breaking the record of 155 set by Freddie Barnes of Bowling Green in 2009. 2016 – Wide receiver Zay Jones became the NCAA Division I football career leader in receptions with 399 receptions from 2013–2016, breaking the record of 387 held by his former ECU Pirate teammate Justin Hardy. 2016 – With a 33-30 victory over rival North Carolina State on September 9, 2016, ECU became", "title: Justin Hardy text: 88 receptions for 1,105 yards and 11 touchdowns. As a junior in 2013, Hardy was again first-team All-Conference USA after setting school records for receptions (114) and receiving yards (1,284) in a season. During the first game of his senior season in 2014, he set East Carolina's record for career receptions, passing Dwayne Harris' 268. On November 22, 2014, against Tulane, Hardy became the NCAA's all-time leading receptions leader, passing Ryan Broyles' 349. On December 8, 2014, Hardy was named the winner of that season's Burlsworth Trophy, awarded annually to the most outstanding player who began his college career as", "title: Jarett Dillard text: in the same game. He also accumulated 91 catches for 1,247 yards, including 7 games with at least 90 yards: UCLA (102), Texas (91), Florida St. (113), Army (171), UAB (111), Tulsa (137), and SMU (145). In 2007, Dillard caught another 14 TD passes, earning 1st team C-USA honors and being mentioned by several publications as all-American honorable mention (including 4th team selection by Sports Illustrated). Dillard is one of only 8 players to catch 40 TD passes in a career, a feat he accomplished when he was only a junior. Dillard holds the NCAA record for career touchdown receptions" ]

[ "June 14, 2018" ]

[ "title: Bloons Tower Defense text: PlayStation 4 on May 9th, 2017 and Nintendo Switch on June 13th, 2018, all of which cost $14.99 USD. \"Bloons TD 6\" is the newest game in the Bloons series. After being announced on March 28, 2017 on PRLog, it was released for the iOS App Store and the Google Play Store on June 14, 2018. A Steam version was released on December 17, 2018. Unlike earlier games, \"Bloons TD 6\" does not have a counterpart on the Ninja Kiwi website. New features in \"Bloons TD 6\" include new 3D graphics, obstacles that block a monkey's sight, a new monkey", "title: Bloons Tower Defense text: of maps rated by difficulty; in general, there are more types of maps in newer games. There are currently six released numbered games in the \"Bloons TD\" series apart from various add-on packs and spin-offs such as \"Bloons TD 4 Expansion\" and \"Bloons Monkey City\". The newest release, \"Bloons TD 6\", was released on June 14, 2018. The series was retitled from \"Bloons Tower Defense\" to \"Bloons TD\" in 2009 due to infringement on the TowerDefense trademark owned by Com2uS. \"Bloons Tower Defense\" is the first game in the \"BTD\" series, released for free as a flash browser game in", "title: Bloons text: to call it \"Mother Of All Bloons) where the bloon resembles an airship and takes many hits to defeat, an example being the ZOMG or BFB (Zeppelin Of Mighty Gargantuanness or Brutal Floating Behemoth). In general, the newer games have had more bloon and tower types. There have been six releases of the BTD series so far; the newest release, BTD6, came out June 14, 2018 on the App Store. Bloons Monkey City is a free mobile game that combines the traditional \"bloons TD\" with a city builder. The more plots you capture, the more buildings you can place. Some", "title: Bloons Tower Defense text: knowledge system, two new regular towers (the Druid and Alchemist), a new type of tower called heroes, a fortified bloon property, purple bloons, a new blimp called the B.A.D, and 5th tier and 3rd path upgrades for every tower. In \"Bloons TD 6\", heroes were introduced, a special type of tower that levels itself up and can upgrade without player input; only one hero can be used per game, and it is preselected beforehand. Each tower has unique abilities and moves. There were four heroes released when first launched: Quincy, Gwendolin, Striker Jones, and Obyn Greenfoot. Captain Churchill, Benjamin and", "title: Bloons Tower Defense text: Cartoon Network International News Site and the Ninja Kiwi blog on March 8th and March 9th, 2018 respectively. The game soft launched on July 14th in Australia, New Zealand, Philippines and Singapore on Android and iOS and later launched internationally. The game features characters from Cartoon Network's \"Adventure Time\" such as Finn, Jake and Princess Bubblegum as well as new monkey heroes like Max, Cassie and C4 Charlie. The gameplay is similar to other games in the series, with a new weapons and item mechanic as well. There are at least 15 adventures and 50 maps to play in that" ]

[ "Small" ]

[ "title: Effect size text: size, the significance level increases with the sample size. Unlike the \"t\"-test statistic, the effect size aims to estimate a population parameter and is not affected by the sample size. Cohen's \"d\" is defined as the difference between two means divided by a standard deviation for the data, \"i.e.\" Jacob Cohen defined \"s\", the pooled standard deviation, as (for two independent samples): where the variance for one of the groups is defined as and similar for the other group. The table below contains descriptors for magnitudes of \"d\" = 0.01 to 2.0, as initially suggested by Cohen and expanded by", "title: Effect size text: Cohen's \"d\" of 3. The relative risk (RR), also called risk ratio, is simply the risk (probability) of an event relative to some independent variable. This measure of effect size differs from the odds ratio in that it compares \"probabilities\" instead of \"odds\", but asymptotically approaches the latter for small probabilities. Using the example above, the \"probabilities\" for those in the control group and treatment group passing is 2/3 (or 0.67) and 6/7 (or 0.86), respectively. The effect size can be computed the same as above, but using the probabilities instead. Therefore, the relative risk is 1.28. Since rather large", "title: Effect size text: \"d\": and Cohen's \"d\" is frequently used in estimating sample sizes for statistical testing. A lower Cohen's \"d\" indicates the necessity of larger sample sizes, and vice versa, as can subsequently be determined together with the additional parameters of desired significance level and statistical power. In 1976, Gene V. Glass proposed an estimator of the effect size that uses only the standard deviation of the second group The second group may be regarded as a control group, and Glass argued that if several treatments were compared to the control group it would be better to use just the standard deviation", "title: Effect size text: a non-null statistical comparison will always show a statistically significant result unless the population effect size is exactly zero (and even there it will show statistical significance at the rate of the Type I error used). For example, a sample Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.01 is statistically significant if the sample size is 1000. Reporting only the significant \"p\"-value from this analysis could be misleading if a correlation of 0.01 is too small to be of interest in a particular application. The term \"effect size\" can refer to a standardized measure of effect (such as \"r\", Cohen's \"d\", or the", "title: Effect size text: all cells. Since it is less biased (although not \"un\"biased), ω is preferable to η; however, it can be more inconvenient to calculate for complex analyses. A generalized form of the estimator has been published for between-subjects and within-subjects analysis, repeated measure, mixed design, and randomized block design experiments. In addition, methods to calculate partial ω for individual factors and combined factors in designs with up to three independent variables have been published. Cohen's \"ƒ\" is one of several effect size measures to use in the context of an F-test for ANOVA or multiple regression. Its amount of bias (overestimation" ]

[ "City of Glass", "City of Fallen Angels", "City of Bones", "City of Ashes", "City of Lost Souls", "City of Heavenly Fire" ]

[ "title: The Mortal Instruments text: series consists of ten books that will be released over the course of 2015. The books and release dates are: \"Welcome to Shadowhunter Academy\", February 17; \"The Lost Herondale\", March 17; \"The Whitechapel Fiend\", April 21; \"Nothing but Shadows\", May 19; \"The Evil We Love\", June 16; \"Pale Kings and Princes\", July 21; \"Bitter of Tongue\", August 18; \"The Fiery Trial\", September 15; \"Born to Endless Night\", October 20; and \"Angels Twice Descending\", November 17. There were graphic novel versions of her series released within the past several years to appeal to an even wider audience. Half Of \"The City", "title: The Mortal Instruments text: in May 2012. On August 29, 2013, \"City of Bones\" topped the USA Today’s Best Sellers List, which made it the Best Seller Book of the country at the time. Four other \"Mortal Instruments\" books also made the list. \"City of Ashes\" was No. 8, \"City of Glass\" was No. 20, \"City of Fallen Angels\" was 35 and \"City of Lost Souls\" was No. 46. The main theme revolving around each of her works is the idea of self-acceptance and coming into one’s own in relation to the choices we make and the consequences that follow. Clare focuses on heavy", "title: The Mortal Instruments text: The Mortal Instruments The Mortal Instruments is a series of six young adult fantasy novels written by Cassandra Clare, the last of which was published on May 27, 2014. \"The Mortal Instruments\" is chronologically the third series of a proposed five in \"The Shadowhunter Chronicles\" but it was the first one published. It follows Clary Fray (who interacts with a group of nephilim known as Shadowhunters) while also discovering her own heritage. The Shadowhunters protect the world of mundane people, who are also called mundanes or \"mundies\", from dark forces beyond their world. The book series has become one of", "title: The Mortal Instruments text: and the focus will shift from New York to the Los Angeles Institute. The first book, \"Lady Midnight\", was published on March 8, 2016. The second book, \"Lord of Shadows\" was released on May 23, 2017. \"The Queen of Air and Darkness\" is set to be published in 2019. Cassandra Clare, Sarah Rees Brennan and Maureen Johnson have written a complementary series of ten short stories called \"The Bane Chronicles\" that recount the experiences of the Warlock Magnus Bane character from \"The Mortal Instruments\" series. This series has been published over the course of 2013 and 2014 and consists of", "title: The Mortal Instruments text: \"What Really Happened in Peru\", \"The Runaway Queen\", \"Vampires, Scones, and Edmund Herondale\", \"The Midnight Heir\", \"The Rise of the Hotel Dumort\", \"Saving Raphael Santiago\", \"The Fall of The Hotel Dumort\", \"What to Buy the Shadowhunter Who Has Everything (And Who You're Not Officially Dating Anyway)\", \"The Last Stand of the New York Institute\", and \"The Course of True Love (and First Dates)\". Cassandra Clare and Sarah Rees Brennan also wrote a next series of books called \"The Shadowhunter Academy\" that is based on Simon Lewis, Clary's best friend and Isabelle's boyfriend as he journeys to become a Shadowhunter. The" ]

[ "Christian Coleman" ]

[ "title: 40-yard dash text: 4.18 run by Jackson within the same week added some support to the legitimacy of the times. Texas Tech's Jakeem Grant was hand-timed by a New Orleans Saints scout as running a 4.10 in 2016, potentially beating Jackson's record. Deion Sanders ran a 4.27-second 40-yard dash in 1989. In 2013, Carlin Isles recorded a time of 4.22 at a Detroit Lions facility during a workout. In 2017 Olympic sprinter Christian Coleman ran a time of 4.12 seconds on turf in response to claims that NFL players are as fast as Usain Bolt. This is a list of the official 40-yard", "title: Rondel Menendez text: Rondel Menendez Rondel Menendez (born May 18, 1975) is a former American football wide receiver. He was drafted by the Atlanta Falcons in the seventh-round of the 1999 NFL Draft out of Eastern Kentucky University. He shared the record for the fastest 40-yard dash time with Chris Johnson, recorded at the NFL Combine at 4.24 seconds. In 2017, his record was broken by John Ross, who ran a 4.22 second 40-yard dash. After accumulating 821 yards receiving in his first two years with Eastern Kentucky, Menendez accomplished a breakout season in his junior year, totaling 1,137 yards on 54 receptions.", "title: Dri Archer text: a passing touchdown. Archer was named the MAC Special Teams Player of the Year. He made the All-MAC first team as a running back and kick returner. He was also a finalist for the Paul Hornung Award. Archer was a consensus All-American. Source: At the NFL Scouting Combine, Archer ran the 40-yard dash in 4.26 seconds, which is the third fastest time ever recorded (Chris Johnson 4.24 and John Ross 4.22) since the NFL began electronic timing. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the 3rd round (97th overall) in the 2014 NFL Draft. On September 7, 2014, Archer", "title: 40-yard dash text: dash results of 4.30 seconds or better recorded at the NFL Scouting combine since 1999, the first year electronic timing was implemented at the NFL Scouting Combine. According to a five-year NFL combine report, wide receivers and cornerbacks had the fastest average times at 4.48, followed by running backs at 4.49. The following average times were measured between 2000 and 2012 at the NFL combine for players who played at least 5 games. 40-yard dash The 40-yard dash is a sprint covering . It is primarily run to evaluate the speed and acceleration of American football players by scouts, particularly", "title: Aaron Donald text: best 28.5 for loss, 11 sacks, and four forced fumbles. He was named the ACC Defensive Player of the Year and was a unanimous All-American. At the NFL Combine, Donald set the record for fastest 40-yard dash time for a defensive tackle previously held by Tank Johnson, who ran a 4.69 in 2004. He drew comparisons to John Randle afterwards. Donald was drafted in the first round with the 13th overall pick of the 2014 NFL Draft by the St. Louis Rams. On June 16, 2014, the St. Louis Rams signed Donald to a four-year, $10.13 million rookie contract that" ]

[ "Bantu" ]

[ "title: Sub-Saharan Africa text: over 10 000 years. According to Zangato and Holl, there is evidence of iron-smelting in the Central African Republic and Cameroon that may date back to 3000 to 2500 BCE. Extensive walled sites and settlements have recently been found in Zilum, Chad. The area is located approximately southwest of Lake Chad, and has been radiocarbon dated to the first millennium BCE. Trade and improved agricultural techniques supported more sophisticated societies, leading to the early civilizations of Sao, Kanem, Bornu, Shilluk, Baguirmi, and Wadai. Following the Bantu Migration into Central Africa, during the 14th century, the Luba Kingdom in southeast Congo", "title: Iron metallurgy in Africa text: from southern Tanzania and northern Zambia, starting in the first century BC, all the way south to the eastern Cape region of present South Africa, which was reached by the third of fourth century AD It seems highly probable that both iron metallurgy and cereal agriculture were spread through this vast area by migrations of people speaking Bantu languages. All indigenous African iron smelting processes are variants of the bloomery process. A much wider range of bloomery smelting processes has been recorded on the African continent than elsewhere in the Old World, probably because bloomeries remained in use into the", "title: History of West Africa text: Empire. Old Jenne (Djenne) began to be settled around 300 BCE, producing iron and with sizeable population, evidenced in crowded cemeteries. Living structures were made of sun-dried mud. By 250 BCE, Jenne was a large, thriving market town. The iron industry, in both smelting and forging for tools and weapons, appeared in Sub-Saharan Africa by 1200 BCE, most likely in Egypt. Iron smelting facilities in Niger and Nigeria have been radiocarbon dated to 500 to 1000 BC. The increased use of iron and the spread of ironworking technology led to improved weaponry and enabled farmers to expand agricultural productivity and", "title: History of West Africa text: more states. Early human settlers arrived in West Africa around 12,000 BCE. In the fifth millennium, as the ancestors of modern West Africans began entering the area, the development of sedentary farming began to take place in West Africa. The Iron industry, in both smelting and forging for tools and weapons, appeared in Sub-Saharan Africa by 1200 BCE, and by 400 BCE, contact had been made with the Mediterranean civilizations, and a regular trade included exporting gold, cotton, metal, and leather in exchange for copper, horses, salt, textiles, and beads. Culture developed further with the Nok culture (1000 BCE to", "title: Iron Age text: Assyrians in the 7th century BC. Iron and copper working in Sub-Saharan Africa spread in conjunction with the Bantu expansion, from the Cameroon region to the African Great Lakes in the 3rd century BC, reaching the Cape around AD 400. However, iron working may have been practiced in Central Africa as early as the 3rd millennium BC. Instances of carbon steel based on complex preheating principles were found to be in production around the 1st century AD in northwest Tanzania. Iron Age The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age system, preceded by the Stone Age (Neolithic) and" ]

[ "single party" ]

[ "title: China text: been variously described as communist and socialist, but also as authoritarian and corporatist, with heavy restrictions in many areas, most notably against free access to the Internet, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, the right to have children, free formation of social organizations and freedom of religion. Its current political, ideological and economic system has been termed by its leaders as the \"people's democratic dictatorship\", \"socialism with Chinese characteristics\" (which is Marxism adapted to Chinese circumstances) and the \"socialist market economy\" respectively. China's constitution declares that the country is ruled \"under the leadership\" of the Communist Party of China", "title: China text: (CPC). As China is a \"de facto\" one-party state, the General Secretary (party leader) holds ultimate power and authority over state and government serving as the paramount leader. The electoral system is pyramidal. Local People's Congresses are directly elected, and higher levels of People's Congresses up to the National People's Congress (NPC) are indirectly elected by the People's Congress of the level immediately below. The political system is decentralized, and provincial and sub-provincial leaders have a significant amount of autonomy. Another eight political parties, have representatives in the NPC and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). China supports the", "title: Democracy in China text: Democracy in China Democracy was a major concept introduced to China in the late nineteenth century. The debate over its form and definition as well as application was one of the major ideological battlegrounds in Chinese politics for well over a century. Modern Chinese leaders state that they run a 'socialist democracy' where the Chinese Communist Party is a centralized authority that acts in the interest of the people.The Chinese Communist party approves what political parties can run. The Democracy Index scores China a 3.1 out of 10, placing it in the classification of an authoritarian government. Zhengxu Wang of", "title: Politics of the Republic of China text: Politics of the Republic of China The politics of the Republic of China take place in a framework of a representative democratic republic, whereby the President is head of state and the Premier (President of the Executive Yuan) is head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in primarily with the parliament and limited by government. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The party system is dominated by the Kuomintang (KMT, \"Chinese Nationalist Party\"), which favours closer links to mainland China, and the Democratic Progressive", "title: Government of the Republic of China text: historically been dominated by the Kuomintang, but the situation has changed as Taiwan evolved into a multi-party democracy. The ROC government formally consists of the presidency and five branches of government, modeled on Sun Yat-sen's political philosophy of Three Principles of the People. In practice, the system resembles a semi-presidential system with a uniquely strong presidency, as the President may appoint the Premier, the head of government, without the consent of the legislature. The President, however, shares limitations found in other semi-presidential systems, including the lack of a strong veto and no direct control of most administrative policy. The Executive" ]

[ "Nevi'im", "Ketuvim", "Torah" ]

[ "title: Old Testament text: Babylon; (3) the poetic and \"Wisdom books\" dealing, in various forms, with questions of good and evil in the world; and (4) the books of the biblical prophets, warning of the consequences of turning away from God. The Old Testament contains 39 (Protestant), 46 (Catholic), or more (Orthodox and other) books, divided, very broadly, into the Pentateuch (Torah), the historical books, the \"wisdom\" books and the prophets. The table uses the spellings and names present in modern editions of the Christian Bible, such as the Catholic New American Bible Revised Edition and the Protestant Revised Standard Version and English Standard", "title: Old Testament text: of Anglican and Lutheran bibles place such books in a separate section called Apocrypha. These extra books are ultimately derived from the earlier Greek Septuagint collection of the Hebrew scriptures and are also Jewish in origin. Some are also contained in the Dead Sea Scrolls. The Old Testament consists of many distinct books by various authors produced over a period of centuries. Christians traditionally divide the Old Testament into four sections: (1) the first five books or Pentateuch (Torah); (2) the history books telling the history of the Israelites, from their conquest of Canaan to their defeat and exile in", "title: Old Testament text: Old Testament The Old Testament (abbreviated OT) is the first part of Christian Bibles, based primarily upon the Hebrew Bible (or Tanakh), a collection of ancient religious writings by the Israelites believed by most Christians and religious Jews to be the sacred Word of God. The second part of the Christian Bible is the New Testament. The books that comprise the Old Testament canon, as well as their order and names, differ between Christian denominations. The Catholic canon comprises 46 books, and the canons of the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches comprise up to 51 books and the most", "title: Old Testament text: redemption, divine judgment, obedience and disobedience, faith and faithfulness, among others. Throughout there is a strong emphasis on ethics and ritual purity, both of which God demands, although some of the prophets and wisdom writers seem to question this, arguing that God demands social justice above purity, and perhaps does not even care about purity at all. The Old Testament's moral code enjoins fairness, intervention on behalf of the vulnerable, and the duty of those in power to administer justice righteously. It forbids murder, bribery and corruption, deceitful trading, and many sexual misdemeanors. All morality is traced back to God,", "title: Development of the Old Testament canon text: is titled: \"Of the Sufficiency of the Holy Scriptures for Salvation\": The original King James Bible of 1611 included King James Version Apocrypha which is frequently omitted in modern printings. These texts are: 1 Esdras, 2 Esdras, Tobit, Judith, Rest of Esther, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch and the Epistle of Jeremy, Song of the Three Children, Story of Susanna, The Idol Bel and the Dragon, Prayer of Manasses, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 and lasted till 1649. The Long Parliament of 1644 decreed that only the Hebrew Canon would be read in the Church" ]

[ "Lionel Messi" ]

[ "title: 2016–17 Real Madrid C.F. season text: leg of the round of 16 in the Copa del Rey, with a brace from Rodríguez and a goal from Varane. On 7 January 2017, a brace from Isco and goals from Benzema, Ronaldo and Casemiro secured Madrid a 5–0 win against Granada, equaling the Spanish record for an unbeaten run with 39 games, shared with Barcelona. On 12 January 2017, a last minute goal from Benzema secured a 3–3 draw against Sevilla, getting the unbeaten run to 40 games, a new record in Spanish football. The other goals were from Asensio and Ramos. Madrid advanced to the quarter-finals after", "title: Real Madrid C.F. text: season was 76,234, the highest in European Leagues. Real has also set records in Spanish football, most notably the most domestic titles (33 as of 2016–17) and the most seasons won in a row (five, during 1960–65 and 1985–90). With 121 matches (from 17 February 1957 to 7 March 1965), the club holds the record for longest unbeaten run at home in La Liga. The club also hold the record for winning the European Cup/UEFA Champions League thirteen times and for the most semi-final appearances (28). As of April 2016, Cristiano Ronaldo is the all-time top scorer in the UEFA", "title: Lionel Messi text: 25 May, its 14th title of that period, the team had lost the league to Real Madrid and was eliminated in the Champions League semi-finals by the eventual champions, Chelsea, with Messi sending a crucial second-leg penalty kick against the crossbar. In Barça's last home league match on 5 May, against Espanyol, Messi scored all four goals before approaching the bench to embrace Guardiola, who had announced his resignation as manager. He finished the season as league top scorer in Spain and Europe for a second time, with 50 goals, an all-time La Liga record, while his 73 goals in", "title: Raúl (footballer) text: winning the match 4–3 but being eliminated on away goals after draw 6–6 on aggregate. In total, Raúl scored 323 goals for Real Madrid, breaking the long-standing club record of Alfredo Di Stéfano (307) with a volleyed goal against Sporting de Gijón on 15 February 2009. He is presently fifth on the all-time list of La Liga goalscorers, behind Argentine Lionel Messi, Portuguese Cristiano Ronaldo, Spaniard Telmo Zarra and Mexican Hugo Sánchez. Raúl and fellow long-serving teammate Iker Casillas were both awarded \"contracts for life\" in 2008, the terms of which stipulate the contract will be renewed annually for as", "title: 2011–12 Real Madrid C.F. season text: match Xabi Alonso to Sergio Ramos and Benzema led Real Madrid to a 2–1 victory in the annual friendly. Real Madrid's La Liga season began with a 0–6 win at Real Zaragoza on 28 August, with goals from Marcelo, Alonso, Kaká and a hat-trick by Ronaldo, including his 100th goal as a Real Madrid player. The win was the most lopsided away victory on opening day in Spanish top flight history. On 31 August, the final day of the summer transfer window, Real Madrid loaned out midfielders Pedro León, Fernando Gago and Royston Drenthe. Pedro León joined Getafe, the team" ]

[ "Collingwood" ]

[ "title: Richmond Spiders football text: to advance to the NCAA Division I Football Championship against Montana. In the FCS National Championship Game on December 19, 2008, they defeated Montana 24–7 to win the first team NCAA national title for the University of Richmond in any sport. Richmond's traditional rival in many sports is the College of William & Mary. Richmond and William & Mary have met 127 times since 1898, making the rivalry (sometimes referred to as \"the South's oldest rivalry\") the fourth most-played in Division I college football. Only Lafayette–Lehigh, Princeton–Yale, and Harvard–Yale have played more games. The winner of the annual W&M–Richmond match-up", "title: Carlton–Essendon AFL rivalry text: Carlton–Essendon AFL rivalry The rivalry between the Carlton and Essendon football clubs is one of the most celebrated rivalries in the Australian Football League. There are conflicting views on how far the rivalry between Essendon and Carlton stretches. However, the intensity of the rivalry today can be traced directly back to 1981. Carlton and one of its strongest traditional rivals, Richmond, had enjoyed considerable success through the 1970s, while Essendon had endured mediocrity. In 1981, former Richmond player Kevin Sheedy, took the role as coach at Essendon (a role he would ultimately fill for 27 years), and he brought his", "title: Richmond F.C. text: taken have been slightly different, both clubs have battled their way up the leagues. As of 2013–14, London Scottish were in the Championship – one division above Richmond. In years when the clubs are in the same division, the two \"home\" and \"away\" matches are two of the most well-attended and hotly contested of the year. For the 2016-17 season, Richmond join their rivals in the Championship, having won promotion from National League 1. Richmond also have a local rivalry with Barnes who they have recently frequently played as both sides sought to move into the national leagues. At youth", "title: Richmond Kickers text: with the colors from their first season in 1993, green and blue. They also have a black kit they have used during the 2013 season. The Kickers' official supporters group is the River City Red Army who occupy section O of City Stadium. The James River Cup was an annual competition held between the Richmond Kickers and the Virginia Beach Mariners (formerly Hampton Roads Mariners) which the team with the most points at the conclusion of all scheduled matches between the two teams would win. The Cup was held every year since 1996 with the exception of 1997 and 2001", "title: Richmond Spiders football, 1890–99 text: Richmond Spiders football, 1890–99 The Richmond Colts football teams represented Richmond College (now called the University of Richmond) in Richmond, Virginia. Their traditional football rival is The College of William & Mary located 45 minutes east in Williamsburg, Virginia. No team was fielded for the 1896 college football season. The 1898 season was significant because it marked the first meeting between Richmond and The College of William & Mary, which later became known as the I-64 Bowl (so named for the highway between the two nearby schools). The Richmond-W&M rivalry is the fourth-longest played college football rivalry and, through the" ]

[ "The Acts" ]

[ "title: New Testament text: Testament appear differs between some collections and ecclesiastical traditions. In the Latin West, prior to the Vulgate (an early 5th-century Latin version of the Bible), the four Gospels were arranged in the following order: Matthew, John, Luke, and Mark. The Syriac Peshitta places the major Catholic epistles (James, 1 Peter, and 1 John) immediately after Acts and before the Pauline epistles. The order of an early edition of the letters of Paul is based on the size of the letters: longest to shortest, though keeping 1 and 2 Corinthians and 1 and 2 Thessalonians together. The Pastoral epistles were apparently", "title: The Books of the Bible text: \"general history\" genre that \"focused on the history of a particular people… from mythical beginnings to a point in the recent past.\" The book was divided into two parts not because of its length, but so that its first half, Luke, could be grouped with the other stories of Jesus' life (the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and John). The second half, Acts, is traditionally placed after the gospels, so that the book of John creates a barrier between the halves. \"The Books of the Bible\" reunites Luke and Acts and treats them as \"two volumes of a single work.\" Luke-Acts", "title: Book of Signs text: Book of Signs In Christianity, the Book of Signs refers to the first main section of the Gospel of John, following the Hymn to the Word and preceding the Book of Glory. It is named for seven notable events, often called \"signs\" or \"miracles\", that it records. There is a widespread scholarly view that John's gospel can be broken into four parts: a , (John 1:-1:18), the Book of Signs (1:19 to 12:50), the Book of Glory (or Exaltation) (13:1 to 20:31) and an epilogue (chapter 21). It is this indication by the author of the gospel that the signs", "title: Book of Revelation text: Book of Revelation The Book of Revelation, often called the Revelation to John, the Apocalypse of John, The Revelation, or simply Revelation, the Revelation of Jesus Christ (from its opening words) or the Apocalypse (and often misquoted as Revelations), is the final book of the New Testament, and therefore also the final book of the Christian Bible. It occupies a central place in Christian eschatology. Its title is derived from the first word of the text, written in Koine Greek: \"apokalypsis\", meaning \"unveiling\" or \"revelation\" (before title pages and titles, books were commonly known by the incipit, their first words,", "title: Third Epistle of John text: attributed the epistles to John the Apostle. One factor which helps explain the late attestation of 3 John and the doubts about its authority is the very short nature of the letter; early writers may simply not have had occasion to quote from it. Online translations Commentaries Other Third Epistle of John The Third Epistle of John, often referred to as Third John and written 3 John or III John, is the antepenultimate book of the New Testament and attributed to John the Evangelist, traditionally thought to be the author of the Gospel of John and the other two epistles" ]

[ "2017" ]

[ "title: Gonzaga University text: Year finalist, was selected as a first team All American. In the 2012-13 season, Gonzaga was ranked No. 1 by the AP for the first time in school history. Its highest ranking before reaching the pinnacle of college hoops came in 2004, when the Bulldogs were ranked No. 2. Gonzaga advanced to the Elite 8 of the 2015 NCAA tournament, losing to eventual national champion and #1 ranked Duke. The Bulldogs advanced to their first Final Four and a place in the final championship game in the 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, losing to North Carolina 65-71. Basketball", "title: NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament upsets text: tournament since 1994, with two more doing so from 1985 to 1993. No team seeded 10 or lower has ever advanced to the Final Four; Gonzaga lost its 2011 regional final 83–60 to Stanford. Oregon lost its regional final to UConn, 90-52, in 2017, as a 10 seed, and Lamar in 1991 lost their regional final in 1991. In the men's tournament, four 11 seeds and one 10 seed have advanced to the Final Four—10th seed Syracuse in 2016, and 11th seeds Loyola-Chicago in 2018, VCU in 2011, George Mason in 2006, and LSU in 1986. NCAA Division I Women's", "title: 2016–17 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team text: a 32-1 record. They finished ranked second in the AP Poll, the highest final national ranking in school history. They won both the West Coast Conference regular season and tournament championships, and advanced to the first NCAA National Championship game in the school's history--the deepest run for a WCC team since San Francisco advanced to its third consecutive Final Four in 1957. With a victory over South Carolina in the regional semifinal, the Bulldogs tied the NCAA Division I record for the second-most wins in a season. Their run ended in the NCAA National Championship game, where they lost to", "title: 2017–18 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team text: to its third consecutive Final Four in 1957, and also the deepest run by any Division I school without a football team since Seton Hall made the championship game in 1989. With a victory over South Carolina in the national semifinal, the Bulldogs tied the NCAA Division I record for the second-most wins in a season. Their run ended in the NCAA National Championship game, where they lost to North Carolina. Johnathan Williams had entered the NBA draft but did not hire an agent, giving him the option to return to Gonzaga. He withdrew from the draft on May 24,", "title: 2016–17 Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball team text: North Carolina. The Bulldogs team finished the 2015–16 season 28–8, 15–3 in WCC play to earn a share for the WCC regular season championship. They defeated Portland, BYU, and Saint Mary's to win the WCC Tournament and earn the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament; the Bulldogs have sequentially earned a place in this tournament for the past 18 years. As a No. 11 seed, they defeated No. 6 seed Seton Hall and No. 3 seed Utah to advance to the Sweet Sixteen. There they lost to No. 10 seed and eventual Final Four participant Syracuse. The Bulldogs were" ]

[ "Jack Ingram" ]

[ "title: Lips of an Angel text: Lips of an Angel \"Lips of an Angel\" is a song by American rock band Hinder. It was released as the second single from their album \"Extreme Behavior\". It was their breakthrough hit, charting within the top ten on several US \"Billboard\" charts and reaching number one in Australia and New Zealand. It has sold 3.6 million copies in the US as of January 2015, making it one of the most downloaded rock songs. Jack Ingram released a cover of the song in 2006, which reached No. 16 on the \"Billboard\" country music charts. The lyrics deal with the singer", "title: Lips of an Angel text: an Arms Race\" by Fall Out Boy. In the United States, the song reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Pop 100 and the Mainstream Top 40 charts in November 2006. Elsewhere, the song had limited chart success and remains Hinder's only hit in most countries in which it charted. Digital download CD single The song is featured in the music-related video games \"Lips\" (as downloadable content), \"\", \"Dance Dance Revolution Hottest Party\", and \"Band Hero\". Country music artist Jack Ingram released a version of the song in December 2006. Ingram's version, the lead-off single to his 2007 album \"This Is", "title: This Is It (Jack Ingram album) text: This Is It (Jack Ingram album) This Is It is the seventh studio album by American country music artist Jack Ingram, released in 2007. It is his second album for Big Machine Records. It features a cover of Hinder's hit single \"Lips of an Angel\", which Ingram released as a single, reaching No. 16 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts with it. \"Measure of a Man\" and \"Maybe She'll Get Lonely\", the second and third singles, respectively reached No. 18 and No. 24 on the same chart. Also featured are the singles \"Wherever You Are\" and \"Love You\", both", "title: This Is It (Jack Ingram album) text: of which were the only studio tracks on the otherwise live compilation \"Live: Wherever You Are\", which Ingram released in 2006. \"This Is It\" also features the music videos for those two songs. As listed in liner notes. This Is It (Jack Ingram album) This Is It is the seventh studio album by American country music artist Jack Ingram, released in 2007. It is his second album for Big Machine Records. It features a cover of Hinder's hit single \"Lips of an Angel\", which Ingram released as a single, reaching No. 16 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts with", "title: Marshal Dutton text: Marshal Dutton Marshal Dutton (born March 15, 1978) is an American-born singer, songwriter and guitarist. Dutton is best known for currently being the lead singer of the band Hinder. He has also seen success as the part-time lead vocalist and full-time lead guitarist in his former band Faktion. He also provides lead guitar and backing vocals in the country duo group Drankmore. In the late 1990s before Faktion, he was in a band called Carb in Denton, Texas. Also known for his best hit (Lips of an angel). In 2002, after attending the University of North Texas in Denton, Texas," ]

[ "Tichborne's Elegy" ]

[ "title: Chidiock Tichborne text: was arrested and he was later tried and sentenced to death in Westminster Hall. While in custody in the Tower of London on 19 September (the eve of his execution), Tichborne wrote to his wife Agnes. The letter contained three stanzas of poetry that is his best known piece of work, \"Tichborne's Elegy\", also known by its first line \"My Prime of Youth is but a Frost of Cares\". The poem is a dark look at a life cut short and is a favourite of many scholars to this day. Two other poems are known by him, \"To His Friend\"", "title: Chidiock Tichborne text: for life, yet lewdly forc'd it fade: Thou trodst the earth, and now on earth thou art, As men may wish thou never hadst been made. Thy glory, and thy glass are timeless run; And this, O Tychborne, hath thy treason done.</poem> Tichborne's \"Elegy\" (his rhyming, final soliloquy poem), uses two favourite Renaissance figures of speech – antithesis and paradox – to crystallise the tragedy of the poet's situation. Antithesis means setting opposites against each other: prime of youth / frost of cares (from the first line). This is typical of Renaissance poetry, as for example in Wyatt's \"I find", "title: Chidiock Tichborne text: Elegy has been disputed, with attributions to others including Sir Walter Raleigh. However it was printed soon after the Babington plot in a volume called \"Verses of Praise and Joy\" in 1586, published by John Wolfe of London to celebrate the Queen's survival and to attack the plotters. In the same volume an answer poem entitled \"Hendecasyllabon T. K. in Cygneam Cantionem Chideochi Tychborne\" (\"T. K.'s Hendecasyllabon Against Chidiock Tichborne's Swan Song\") is most likely by the poet and dramatist Thomas Kyd, author of \"The Spanish Tragedy\". <poem>Thy prime of youth is frozen with thy faults, Thy feast of joy", "title: Prime power text: Prime power In mathematics, a prime power is a positive integer power of a single prime number. For example: , and are prime powers, while , and are not. The number 1 is not counted as a prime power. The prime powers are: 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 32, 37, 41, 43, 47, 49, 53, 59, 61, 64, 67, 71, 73, 79, 81, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 121, 125, 127, 128, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 169, 173, 179, 181, 191,", "title: Sonnet 15 text: Sonnet 15 Sonnet 15 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It forms a diptych with Sonnet 16, as Sonnet 16 starts with \"But...\", and is thus fully part of the procreation sonnets, even though it does not contain an encouragement to procreate. The sonnet is within the Fair Youth sequence. Also known as \"When I consider every thing that grows,\" Sonnet 15 is one of English playwright and poet William Shakespeare's acclaimed 154 sonnets. It is a contained within the Fair Youth sequence, considered traditionally to be from sonnet 1-126 \"which recount[s]" ]

[ "Damien Darhk" ]

[ "title: H.I.V.E. text: they are stopped by Kane's daughter followed by Kane starting the attack alone. H.I.V.E. appears \"Arrow\" led by Damien Darhk. In the third-season episode \"Al Sah-Him\", Ra's al Ghul mentions that Damien Darhk was previously his competitor to the Demon's Head title. After Ra's hesitated in killing Damien, Damien was able to escape, and gathered a \"hive of supporters\" around the world. He also stole elixir from the Lazarus Pit, extending his own life. Darhk (portrayed by Neal McDonough) is the main antagonist of the fourth season and serves as the leader of H.I.V.E. The media of Star City refer", "title: Arrowverse text: another Kryptonian survivor, and begins a transformation from a loving single mother into the world-killing weapon known as Reign, who serves a coven headed by her biological mother Selena. In the fourth season, Kara deals with a new wave of anti-extraterrestrial bigotry instigated by Agent Liberty and Lex Luthor's accomplices Mercy and Otis Graves, forcing her to fight for civil and political rights. In the nation of Kasnia, a duplicate of Kara is being trained by its military for a yet-to-be known objective. When Vandal Savage (Casper Crump) murders his family, Time Master Rip Hunter (Arthur Darvill) goes rogue, deciding", "title: The Flash (season 4) text: be the main antagonist of the season. He was first hinted in the third season episode \"Abra Kadabra\" when the titular villain mentions him among the Flash's greatest enemies, and again in the season finale \"Finish Line\" when Savitar mentions facing DeVoe but states that the Flash has not dealt with him yet. At the series' San Diego Comic-Con panel, the speculation was confirmed, with Todd Helbing saying, \"With three Speedsters in a row, this year it's the fastest man alive against the fastest mind alive.\" He added that the writers were \"making a conscious effort this year to get", "title: Arrow (TV series) text: Waller in Hong Kong; he and Tatsu Yamashiro work to stop corrupt general Matthew Shrieve from unleashing a pathogen, which Ra's al Ghul acquires in the present. In season four, Oliver ends a short retirement and becomes the \"Green Arrow\". His team fights the terrorist group H.I.V.E., headed by the mystically enhanced Damien Darhk, who is attacking Star City (formerly Starling City). Diggle discovers his brother Andy is alive and a H.I.V.E. soldier; Thea works with Oliver as \"Speedy\", but with a violent temper; and Laurel attempts to resurrect Sara using the Lazarus Pit. Oliver's life as a vigilante and", "title: Baron Blitzkrieg text: sword driven through his chest. Baron Reiter appears in Arrow as the main antagonist in the fourth season’s flashbacks. He is portrayed by Jimmy Akingbola. He's occupying Lian Yu island in flashbacks, enslaving people to harvest drugs. Reiter is a leader of criminal organisation called Shadowspire where he appeared in flashback, in episode \"A.W.O.L.\". Oliver Queen is sent there to infiltrate them and learn what they're doing there by A.R.G.U.S.. The harvesting is later revealed to be a front for Reiter while his men look for a magical artifact. Once Oliver Queen finds the map, they begin digging to find" ]

[ "070 Shake", "Kid Cudi", "PartyNextDoor" ]

[ "title: Ghost Town (Kanye West song) text: Ghost Town (Kanye West song) \"Ghost Town\" is a song by American rapper and producer Kanye West from his eighth studio album, \"Ye\" (2018). It features vocals from PartyNextDoor, Kid Cudi and 070 Shake. The song is heavily composed around a sample of \"Take Me for a Little While\" by Dave Edmunds. The song has been performed live on multiple occasions. It was met with positive reviews from music critics and ranked as the 62nd best song of 2018 by \"Billboard\". The song was commercially successful, managing to chart in a total of 13 countries and achieve the certification of", "title: Ghost Town (Kanye West song) text: occasions. 070 Shake performed the song live on June 23, 2018, which marked the first time that it had been performed. On August 17, Cudi and West performed it together at a surprise live show in Los Angeles. The track was performed by West, Cudi and Shake on the outro of the 44th season premier of \"Saturday Night Live\". West and Cudi, as Kids See Ghosts, performed the song as the closer to their live performance at the 2018 Camp Flog Gnaw Carnival. In 2018, the track managed to chart in a total of 13 countries. On the week of", "title: Ghost Town (Kanye West song) text: By doing so, it became the only non-single release from \"Ye\" to be certified in the US. Credits adapted from Tidal. Ghost Town (Kanye West song) \"Ghost Town\" is a song by American rapper and producer Kanye West from his eighth studio album, \"Ye\" (2018). It features vocals from PartyNextDoor, Kid Cudi and 070 Shake. The song is heavily composed around a sample of \"Take Me for a Little While\" by Dave Edmunds. The song has been performed live on multiple occasions. It was met with positive reviews from music critics and ranked as the 62nd best song of 2018", "title: Ghost Town (Kanye West song) text: of \"Take Me for a Little While\" by Dave Edmunds within its leading bass, drum and keys combination. Whilst singing the chorus of \"Ghost Town\", Cudi interpolates vocals from the song. There is a strong presence of guitars throughout \"Ghost Town\". West touches on multiple subjects linked to his personal life within the song. The outro is sung by 070 Shake, which generated positive reactions on social media and Shake felt crazy about being on a record with West. \"Ghost Town\" received widespread acclaim from music critics. Meaghan Garvey of \"Pitchfork\" branded it as \"'ye’s\" clear highlight'. The song was", "title: Ghost Town (Kanye West song) text: \"Ye\" being released, the song entered the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 at number 16 and the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at number 11. In the same week, it reached number 21 on the Canadian Hot 100. \"Ghost Town\" debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 17 following the release of West's album. The track performed best in New Zealand by charting at number 14 on the NZ Singles Chart. It performed worst in the Netherlands, only managing to reach number 81 on the Single Top 100. The track was certified Gold in the US on October 23, 2018." ]

[ "British India" ]

[ "title: Partition of India text: Partition of India The Partition of India was the division of British India in 1947 which eventually accompanied the creation of three independent dominions, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. The Dominion of India became, as of 1950, the Republic of India (India), and the Dominion of Pakistan became, as of 1956, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Pakistan) and also, in 1971, the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bangladesh). The \"partition\" involved the division of three provinces, Assam, Bengal and Punjab, based on district-wide Hindu or Muslim majorities. The boundary demarcating India and Pakistan came to be known as the Radcliffe Line. It", "title: Partition of India text: Pakistan, separated geographically by India. India was formed out of the majority Hindu regions of British India, and Pakistan from the majority Muslim areas. On 18 July 1947, the British Parliament passed the Indian Independence Act that finalized the arrangements for partition and abandoned British suzerainty over the princely states, of which there were several hundred, leaving them free to choose whether to accede to one of the new dominions. The Government of India Act 1935 was adapted to provide a legal framework for the new dominions. Following its creation as a new country in August 1947, Pakistan applied for", "title: Partition of India text: also involved the division of the British Indian Army, the Royal Indian Navy, the Indian Civil Service, the railways, and the central treasury, between the two new dominions. The partition was set forth in the Indian Independence Act 1947 and resulted in the dissolution of the British Raj, as the British government there was called. The two self-governing countries of Pakistan and India legally came into existence at midnight on 14–15 August 1947. The partition displaced over 14 million people along religious lines, creating overwhelming refugee crises in the newly constituted dominions; there was large-scale violence, with estimates of loss", "title: Partition of India text: India split the former British province of Punjab between the Dominion of India and the Dominion of Pakistan. The mostly Muslim western part of the province became Pakistan's Punjab province; the mostly Sikh and Hindu eastern part became India's East Punjab state (later divided into the new states of Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh). Many Hindus and Sikhs lived in the west, and many Muslims lived in the east, and the fears of all such minorities were so great that the Partition saw many people displaced and much intercommunal violence. Some have described the violence in Punjab as a retributive", "title: Partition of India text: India, the Bengal Presidency, into the Muslim-majority province of \"East Bengal and Assam\" and the Hindu-majority \"province\" of \"Bengal\" (present-day Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand and Odisha). Curzon's act, the Partition of Bengal—which some considered administratively felicitous, and, which had been contemplated by various colonial administrations since the time of Lord William Bentinck, but never acted upon—was to transform nationalist politics as nothing else before it. The Hindu elite of Bengal, among them many who owned land in East Bengal that was leased out to Muslim peasants, protested fervidly. The large Bengali Hindu middle-class (the \"Bhadralok\"), upset at" ]

[ "Gospel of Luke" ]

[ "title: Acts of the Apostles text: Acts of the Apostles Acts of the Apostles (, \"Práxeis tôn Apostólōn\"; ), often referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian church and the spread of its message to the Roman Empire. Acts and the Gospel of Luke make up a two-part work, Luke–Acts, by the same anonymous author, usually dated to around 80–90 AD. The first part, the Gospel of Luke, tells how God fulfilled his plan for the world's salvation through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth, the promised Messiah. Acts", "title: Acts of the Apostles text: There are also alleged major differences between Acts and Paul on Christology (the understanding of Christ's nature), eschatology (understanding of the \"last things\"), and apostleship. Acts of the Apostles Acts of the Apostles (, \"Práxeis tôn Apostólōn\"; ), often referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; it tells of the founding of the Christian church and the spread of its message to the Roman Empire. Acts and the Gospel of Luke make up a two-part work, Luke–Acts, by the same anonymous author, usually dated to around 80–90 AD. The first part, the Gospel of", "title: Acts of the Apostles (genre) text: or simply \"Acts\", and primarily concerns the activities of Saint Peter, John the Apostle, and Paul the Apostle, who converts to Christianity in chapter 9 and becomes the main character. It is presumably the second part of a two-part work, the Canonical Gospel of Luke being the first part, with both works being addressed to Theophilus, and sharing a similar style. Almost all scholars believe that they were written by the same person. The book narrates how the resurrected Jesus makes the apostles his witnesses, and instructs them to convert all peoples to the ends of the earth (Acts 1:8).", "title: Acts of the Apostles text: was not given by the author. The Gospel of Luke and Acts make up a two-volume work which scholars call Luke–Acts. Together they account for 27.5% of the New Testament, the largest contribution attributed to a single author, providing the framework for both the Church's liturgical calendar and the historical outline into which later generations have fitted their idea of the story of Jesus and the early church. The author is not named in either volume. According to Church tradition dating from the 2nd century, he was the \"Luke\" named as a companion of the apostle Paul in three of", "title: Luke–Acts text: Luke–Acts In Biblical scholarship, Luke–Acts is the composite work of the \"Gospel of Luke\" and the \"Acts of the Apostles\" in the New Testament. Together they describe the ministry of Jesus and the subsequent ministry of the apostles and the Apostolic Age. Both the books of Luke and Acts are anonymous narratives written to a man named Theophilus. The book of Acts starts out with: \"The former treatise have I made\", probably referring to the Gospel of Luke. Almost all scholars believe that they were written by the same person. Luke–Acts has sometimes been presented as a single book in" ]

[ "a certain priest" ]

[ "title: Parable of the Good Samaritan text: Parable of the Good Samaritan The parable of the Good Samaritan is a parable told by Jesus in the Gospel of Luke. It is about a traveller who is stripped of clothing, beaten, and left half dead alongside the road. First a priest and then a Levite comes by, but both avoid the man. Finally, a Samaritan happens upon the traveller. Samaritans and Jews despised each other, but the Samaritan helps the injured man. Jesus is described as telling the parable in response to the question from a lawyer, \"And who is my neighbour?\". In response, Jesus tells the parable,", "title: Faith healing text: Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37), who \"bound up [an injured man's] wounds, pouring on oil and wine\" (verse 34) as a physician would. Jesus then told the doubting teacher of the law (who had elicited this parable by his self-justifying question, \"And who is my neighbor?\" in verse 29) to \"go, and do likewise\" in loving others with whom he would never ordinarily associate (verse 37). The healing in the gospels is referred to as a \"sign\" to prove Jesus' divinity and to foster belief in him as the Christ. However, when asked for other types of miracles, Jesus refused some but", "title: Conscience text: \"'He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her.' And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. And they which heard it, being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one\" (see Jesus and the woman taken in adultery). In the Gospel of Luke (10: 25–37) Jesus tells the story of how a despised and heretical Samaritan (see Parable of the Good Samaritan) who (out of compassion and conscience) helps an injured stranger beside a road, qualifies better for eternal life by loving his neighbor, than a priest who passes", "title: Parable of the Good Samaritan text: centuries by Chrysostom in Constantinople, Ambrose in Milan, and Augustine in North Africa. This interpretation is found most completely in two other medieval stained-glass windows, in the French cathedrals at Bourges and Sens.\" The allegorical interpretation is also traditional in the Orthodox Church. John Newton refers to the allegorical interpretation in his hymn \"How Kind the Good Samaritan,\" which begins: <poem> How kind the good Samaritan To him who fell among the thieves! Thus Jesus pities fallen man, And heals the wounds the soul receives.</poem> Robert Funk also suggests that Jesus' Jewish listeners were to identify with the robbed and", "title: Parable of the Good Samaritan text: the conclusion of which is that the neighbour figure in the parable is the man who shows mercy to the injured man—that is, the Samaritan. Some Christians, such as Augustine, have interpreted the parable allegorically, with the Samaritan representing Jesus Christ, who saves the sinful soul. Others, however, discount this allegory as unrelated to the parable's original meaning and see the parable as exemplifying the ethics of Jesus. The parable has inspired painting, sculpture, satire, poetry, and film. The phrase \"\", meaning someone who helps a stranger, derives from this parable, and many hospitals and charitable organizations are named after" ]

[ "2017 World Series" ]

[ "title: Michael Feliz text: season, he was optioned back to the minors the next day. On April 25, 2016, he was promoted back to the major leagues. In 2017, Feliz made 46 appearances finishing with a 4–2 record and a 5.63 ERA. The Astros finished 2017 with a 101–61 record, and eventually won the 2017 World Series, the first time they won the series. Feliz was negated from postseason action, but was still on the 40-man roster at the time, giving him his first championship. On January 13, 2018, the Astros traded Feliz, along with Joe Musgrove, Colin Moran and Jason Martin, to the", "title: 2018 Houston Astros season text: 2018 Houston Astros season The 2018 Houston Astros season was the 57th season for the Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise in Houston, their 54th as the Astros, sixth in both the American League (AL) and AL West division, and 19th at Minute Maid Park. The Astros were the defending World Series champions, having won the 2017 World Series four games to three over the Los Angeles Dodgers. Houston began the season March 29 against the Texas Rangers and finished the season on September 30 against the Baltimore Orioles. They repeated as American League West champions and swept the Cleveland Indians", "title: 2017 World Series text: 2017 World Series The 2017 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2017 season. The 113th edition of the World Series, it was played between October 24 and November 1. The series was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the American League (AL) champion Houston Astros. It was sponsored by the Internet television service YouTube TV and officially known as the \"2017 World Series presented by YouTube TV\". The Astros defeated the Dodgers, four games to three, to win their first World Series in franchise history, also becoming the", "title: Tyler Clippard text: The Astros finished the 2017 season with a 101–61 record, clinching the AL West. Clippard, however, was not part of any postseason action, although he was still on the Astros 40-man roster at the time. The Astros won their first World Series in franchise history as they bested the Los Angeles Dodgers in 7 games of the 2017 World Series. Clippard would still win his first career World Series championship after 11 seasons of service in the Majors. On March 7, 2018, Clippard signed a minor league contract with the Toronto Blue Jays. His contract was purchased by the Blue", "title: 2017 Houston Astros season text: in four games. Houston then advanced to the AL Championship Series (ALCS) and defeated the New York Yankees in seven games for their first American League pennant. It was the second league championship in franchise history, and first since 2005 and they became the first team in history to make it to the World Series as members of both the National League and the American League. Finally, the Astros faced and defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in seven games in the World Series, garnering the first World Series title in franchise history. During the regular season, the Astros featured the" ]

[ "mid-2061" ]

[ "title: Halley's Comet text: Halley's Comet Halley's Comet or Comet Halley, officially designated 1P/Halley, is a short-period comet visible from Earth every 75–76 years. Halley is the only known short-period comet that is regularly visible to the naked eye from Earth, and the only naked-eye comet that might appear twice in a human lifetime. Halley last appeared in the inner parts of the Solar System in 1986 and will next appear in mid-2061. Halley's returns to the inner Solar System have been observed and recorded by astronomers since at least 240 BC. Clear records of the comet's appearances were made by Chinese, Babylonian, and", "title: Halley's Comet text: faint trans-Neptunian objects. Astronomers are now able to observe the comet at any point in its orbit. The next predicted perihelion of Halley's Comet is 28 July 2061, when it is expected to be better positioned for observation than during the 1985–1986 apparition, as it will be on the same side of the Sun as Earth. It is expected to have an apparent magnitude of −0.3, compared with only +2.1 for the 1986 apparition. It has been calculated that on 9 September 2060, Halley will pass within of Jupiter, and then on 20 August 2061 will pass within of Venus.", "title: Halley's Comet text: third comet past perihelion in 1986 (1986 III); and it was the ninth comet spotted in 1982 (provisional designation 1982i). The perihelion dates of each apparition are shown. The perihelion dates farther from the present are approximate, mainly because of uncertainties in the modelling of non-gravitational effects. Perihelion dates of 1531 and earlier are in the Julian calendar, while perihelion dates 1607 and after are in the Gregorian calendar. Halley's Comet is visible from Earth every 74–79 years. Halley's Comet Halley's Comet or Comet Halley, officially designated 1P/Halley, is a short-period comet visible from Earth every 75–76 years. Halley is", "title: Halley's Comet text: the point in the comet's orbit when it is nearest the Sun, is just 0.6 AU. This is between the orbits of Mercury and Venus. Its aphelion, or farthest distance from the Sun, is 35 AU (roughly the distance of Pluto). Unusual for an object in the Solar System, Halley's orbit is retrograde; it orbits the Sun in the opposite direction to the planets, or, clockwise from above the Sun's north pole. The orbit is inclined by 18° to the ecliptic, with much of it lying south of the ecliptic. (Because it is retrograde, the true inclination is 162°.) Due", "title: Halley's Comet text: to the retrograde orbit, it has one of the highest velocities relative to the Earth of any object in the Solar System. The 1910 passage was at a relative velocity of 70.56 km/s (157,838 mph or 254,016 km/h). Because its orbit comes close to Earth's in two places, Halley is associated with two meteor showers: the Eta Aquariids in early May, and the Orionids in late October. Halley is the parent body to the Orionids. Observations conducted around the time of Halley's appearance in 1986 suggested that the comet could additionally perturb the Eta Aquariids meteor shower, although it might" ]

[ "natural gas" ]

[ "title: Egypt text: billion per year) and is the third-largest recipient of such funds from the United States following the Iraq war. Egypt's economy mainly relies on these sources of income: tourism, remittances from Egyptians working abroad and revenues from the Suez Canal. Egypt has a developed energy market based on coal, oil, natural gas, and hydro power. Substantial coal deposits in the northeast Sinai are mined at the rate of about per year. Oil and gas are produced in the western desert regions, the Gulf of Suez, and the Nile Delta. Egypt has huge reserves of gas, estimated at , and LNG", "title: Economy of Egypt text: of remittances in the Middle East; an estimated US$7.8 bn was received in 2009, representing approximately 5% of national GDP, with a decline of 10% from 2008, due mostly to the effect of the financial crisis. According to data from Egypt's Central Bank, the United States was the top sending country of remittances (23%), followed by Kuwait (15%), the United Arab Emirates (14%) and Saudi Arabia (9%). On the revenues side, total revenues of the government were EGP 89.1 billion in FY2002 and are projected to reach EGP184.7 bn in FY2008. Much of the increase came from a rise in", "title: Tourism in Egypt text: Tourism in Egypt Tourism is one of the leading sources of income, crucial to Egypt's economy. At its peak in 2010 the sector employed about 12% of Egypt's workforce serving approximately 14.7 million visitors Egypt, and providing revenues of nearly $12.5 billion. as well as contributing more than 11% of GDP and 14.4% of foreign currency revenues. The number of tourists in Egypt stood at 0.1 million in 1951. Tourism became an important sector of the economy from 1975 onwards, as Egypt eased visa restrictions for almost all European and North American countries and established embassies in new countries like", "title: Egypt text: capital and investment. Remittances, money earned by Egyptians living abroad and sent home, reached a record US$21 billion in 2012, according to the World Bank. Egyptian society is moderately unequal in terms of income distribution, with an estimated 35–40% of Egypt's population earning less than the equivalent of $2 a day, while only around 2–3% may be considered wealthy. Tourism is one of the most important sectors in Egypt's economy. More than 12.8 million tourists visited Egypt in 2008, providing revenues of nearly $11 billion. The tourism sector employs about 12% of Egypt's workforce. Tourism Minister Hisham Zaazou told industry", "title: Economy of Egypt text: account grew from 0.7% of GDP in FY2002 to 3.3% at FY2005. Egypt's Current Account made a surplus of US$4478 million in FY2005 compared to a deficit of US$158 million in FY2004. Italy and the USA are the top export markets for Egyptian goods and services. In the Arab world, Egypt has the largest non-oil GDP as of 2018. According to the International Organization for Migration, an estimated 2.7 million Egyptians abroad contribute actively to the development of their country through remittance inflows, circulation of human and social capital, as well as investment. In 2009 Egypt was the biggest recipient" ]

[ "1971" ]

[ "title: Yagoona, New South Wales text: Yagoona, New South Wales Yagoona, a suburb of local government area Canterbury-Bankstown Council, is located 20 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is a part of the South-western Sydney region. Yagoona is an Aboriginal word meaning 'now' or 'today'. It was the site of the first McDonald's restaurant to open in Australia in 1971. Before European settlement, the area was originally occupied by the Bediagal people. The area now known as Yagoona, Bass Hill, and north Bankstown was once known as Irish Town, due to the high concentration of", "title: McDonald's text: new gourmet burger service/restaurant concept based on other gourmet restaurants such as \"Shake Shack\" and \"Grill'd\". It was rolled out for the first time in Australia during the early months of 2015 and expanded to China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Arabia and New Zealand, with ongoing trials in the US market. In dedicated \"Create Your Taste\" (CYT) kiosks, customers could choose all ingredients including type of bun and meat along with optional extras. In late 2015 the Australian CYT service introduced CYT salads. After a person had ordered, McDonald's advised that wait times were between 10–15 minutes. When the food was", "title: History of the hamburger text: was not the only one. Wimpy began operating in the United Kingdom in 1954, 20 years before McDonald's began operation in the country, and by 1970 it had expanded to over a thousand restaurants in 23 countries. On August 21, 1971, in Zaandam, near Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Ahold opened its first European franchise. In the 1970s, McDonald's began to expand into Europe and Australia. In Asia, Japan saw the establishment of its own fast food chain in 1972: , an abbreviation of \"Mountain, Ocean, Sun\", which eventually became a direct competitor to McDonald's. All of its products, however, were", "title: History of McDonald's text: hole in my life.\" Persistence by the brothers eventually led to their request being granted in May 1975. They managed to negotiate a deal with the corporation by selling New Zealand cheese to the US to offset the high costs of importing plant equipment. The first New Zealand restaurant opened in June 1976 at Porirua, near Wellington, to much more success than the corporation predicted. In 1975, McDonald's opened its first drive-thru window in Sierra Vista, Arizona, following Wendy's lead. This service gave Americans a fast, convenient way to procure a quick meal. The company's goal was to provide service", "title: McDelivery text: Arabia, Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom. In the United States, the service is available in some parts of Manhattan. The first McDonald's delivery service on the European continent started in 2013 with a trial in Wien-Hietzing. Deliveries are now available all across the capital city from 11am to 11pm at a cost of €4 and a minimum order requirement of €8. A trial of McDelivery began in Australia in November 2013. The service was rolled out more widely across the country from August 2014 in partnership with" ]

[ "New Amsterdam" ]

[ "title: Manhattan text: its origins to a trading post founded by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624 on Lower Manhattan; the post was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The territory and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed \"New York\" after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. New York, based in present-day Manhattan, served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries", "title: New York City text: York metropolitan area produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of US$1.73 trillion. If greater New York City were a sovereign state, it would have the 12th highest GDP in the world. New York City traces its origins to a trading post founded by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624 on Lower Manhattan; the post was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed \"New York\" after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. New York served as the capital of", "title: History of New York City text: to the overwhelming defeat of the Native Americans and a peace treaty on August 29, 1645. On May 27, 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was inaugurated as director general upon his arrival and ruled as a member of the Dutch Reformed Church. The colony was granted self-government in 1652, and New Amsterdam was incorporated as a city on February 2, 1653. The first mayors (\"burgemeesters\") of New Amsterdam, Arent van Hattem and Martin Cregier, were appointed in that year. In 1664, the English conquered the area and renamed it \"New York\" after the Duke of York, ending the brief 40-year period of", "title: History of the New York Yankees text: Polo Grounds in 1913 as tenants of the Giants. Before the 1913 season, the team gained an official nickname for the first time. Either \"Yankees\" or \"Yanks\" had been used frequently since 1904 in newspapers such as the \"New York Evening Journal\", since \"Highlanders\" was hard to fit in headlines. Such unofficial nicknames were common during that era, but thereafter the official name took hold—the New York Yankees. A third major league, the Federal League (FL), began play in 1914 and lasted for two years. While the Yankees did not have to contend with direct competition for fans, as the", "title: History of New York (state) text: and the first European settlement in what would become New York. It was replaced by nearby Fort Orange (New Netherland) in 1623. The British conquered New Netherland in 1664; Lenient terms of surrender most likely kept local resistance to a minimum. The colony and city were both renamed New York (and \"Beverwijck\" was renamed Albany) after its new proprietor, James II later King of England, Ireland and Scotland, who was at the time Duke of York and Duke of Albany The population of New Netherland at the time of English takeover was 7,000–8,000. Thousands of poor German farmers, chiefly from" ]

[ "Nigerian author Chinua Achebe" ]

[ "title: Things Fall Apart text: Things Fall Apart Things Fall Apart is a novel written by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe. Published in 1958, its story chronicles pre-colonial life in the south-eastern part of Nigeria and the arrival of the Europeans during the late nineteenth century. It is seen as the archetypal modern African novel in English, one of the first to receive global critical acclaim. It is a staple book in schools throughout Africa and is widely read and studied in English-speaking countries around the world. Achebe's debut novel, it was first published by William Heinemann Ltd in the UK; in 1962, it was also", "title: Things Fall Apart text: is studied widely in Europe, India and North America, where it has spawned numerous secondary and tertiary analytical works. It has achieved similar status and repute in India, Australia and Oceania. Considered Achebe's magnum opus, it has sold more than 20 million copies worldwide. \"Time\" magazine included the novel in its \"TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005\". The novel has been translated into more than 50 languages, and is often used in literature, world history, and African studies courses across the world. Achebe is now considered to be the essential novelist on African identity, nationalism, and decolonization.", "title: Things Fall Apart text: weaving in of proverbs from Igbo oral culture into his writing. This influence was explicitly referenced by Achebe in \"Things Fall Apart\": \"Among the Igbo the art of conversation is regarded very highly, and proverbs are the palm-oil with which words are eaten.\" \"Things Fall Apart\" is a milestone in African literature. It has come to be seen as the archetypal modern African novel in English, and is read in Nigeria and throughout Africa. Of all of Achebe's works, \"Things Fall Apart\" is the one read most often, and has generated the most critical response, examination, and literary criticism. It", "title: Things Fall Apart text: was an orphan raised by his grandfather. His grandfather, far from opposing Achebe's conversion to Christianity, allowed Achebe's Christian marriage to be celebrated in his compound. Achebe wrote his novels in English because the written standard Igbo language was created by combining various dialects, creating a stilted written form. In a 1994 interview with \"The Paris Review\", Achebe said, \"the novel form seems to go with the English language. There is a problem with the Igbo language. It suffers from a very serious inheritance which it received at the beginning of this century from the Anglican mission. They sent out", "title: Things Fall Apart text: by the Nigerian Television Authority. It starred several established film actors, including Pete Edochie, Nkem Owoh and Sam Loco Efe. In 1999, the American hip-hop band The Roots released their fourth studio album \"Things Fall Apart\" as a tribute to Chinua Achebe's novel. In 2008, a film adaptation of \"Things Fall Apart\" was made by a Nigerian production company with an all-Nigerian cast. Pete Edochie starred as Okonkwo. Things Fall Apart Things Fall Apart is a novel written by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe. Published in 1958, its story chronicles pre-colonial life in the south-eastern part of Nigeria and the arrival" ]

[ "Boromir" ]

[ "title: Sean Bean text: by an Inuit woman and her daughter, whom he later pits against one another. Bean's most prominent role was as Boromir in Peter Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" trilogy. His major screen time occurs in the first installment, \"\". He appears briefly in flashbacks in \"\" and \"\", as well as in a scene from the extended edition of \"The Two Towers\". Before casting finished, rumours circulated that Jackson had considered Bean for the role of Aragorn, but neither Bean nor Jackson confirmed this in subsequent interviews. Bean's fear of flying in helicopters caused him difficulties in mountainous New", "title: Sean Bean text: nominated for a Saturn Award. One of his most prominent film roles was Boromir in \"The Lord of the Rings\" trilogy (2001–03). Other roles include Alec Trevelyan in the James Bond film \"GoldenEye\" (1995) and Odysseus in \"Troy\" (2004), as well as roles in \"Patriot Games\" (1992), \"Ronin\" (1998), \"Equilibrium\" (2002), \"National Treasure\" (2004), \"North Country\" (2005), \"The Island\" (2005), \"Silent Hill\" (2006), \"Black Death\" (2010), \"Jupiter Ascending\" (2015) and \"The Martian\" (2015). Other TV roles include the BBC anthology series \"Accused\" and the ITV historical drama series \"Henry VIII\". As a voice actor, Bean has been featured in the", "title: Handsworth, South Yorkshire text: a Royal Air Force bomber pilot and commander during the Second World War. He was born in Handsworth and educated at Framlingham College. He is remembered for his role in the 1941 wartime propaganda film \"Target for Tonight\", in which he featured as the pilot of \"F-Freddie\". He was killed on Operation Jericho in 1944. His sister was actress Helena Pickard, who married actor Sir Cedric Hardwicke. Actor Sean Bean, born 1959, grew up in Handsworth and attended Handsworth's Brook School (now a housing estate). Bean appeared in the films \"The Lord of the Rings\", \"Patriot Games\", \"GoldenEye\" and more.", "title: Sean Bean text: films and the fact that his character was one of the original nine companions of the Fellowship of the Ring. The other actors of \"The Fellowship\" (Elijah Wood, Sean Astin, Orlando Bloom, Billy Boyd, Ian McKellen, Dominic Monaghan, and Viggo Mortensen) have the same tattoo. John Rhys-Davies, whose character was also one of the original nine companions, arranged for his stunt double to get the tattoo instead. Aligned with the British Left, Bean is a supporter of Jeremy Corbyn and of \"old Labour\", the era before former Prime Minister Tony Blair rebranded the Labour Party as New Labour, and has", "title: Boromir text: Roland is portrayed as blameless and heroic throughout. In both Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated film and in the subsequent BBC Radio serial, Boromir is played by Michael Graham Cox. In the former, he is dressed in barbarian garb, which is a total departure from Tolkien's text. Boromir is played by Carl-Kristian Rundman in the 1993 Finnish miniseries \"Hobitit\". In Peter Jackson's \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy, Boromir is played by Sean Bean. In a departure from the structure of Tolkien's book, Boromir's death is shown at the end of \"\" (2001), instead of being related at the beginning" ]

[ "Nontyphoidal serotypes" ]

[ "title: Salmonella text: it is available, or when oxygen is not available, using other electron acceptors or fermentation (\"anaerobically\"). \"S. enterica\" subspecies are found worldwide in all warm-blooded animals and in the environment. \"S. bongori\" is restricted to cold-blooded animals, particularly reptiles. \"Salmonella\" species are intracellular pathogens; certain serotypes cause illness. Nontyphoidal serotypes can be transferred from animal-to-human and from human-to-human. They usually invade only the gastrointestinal tract and cause salmonellosis, the symptoms of which can be resolved without antibiotics. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, nontyphoidal \"Salmonella\" can be invasive and cause paratyphoid fever, which requires immediate treatment with antibiotics. Typhoidal serotypes can only", "title: Salmonella text: food contaminated by animal feces, or by human feces, such as by a food-service worker at a commercial eatery. \"Salmonella\" serotypes can be divided into two main groups—typhoidal and nontyphoidal. Nontyphoidal serotypes are more common, and usually cause self-limiting gastrointestinal disease. They can infect a range of animals, and are zoonotic, meaning they can be transferred between humans and other animals. Typhoidal serotypes include \"Salmonella\" Typhi and \"Salmonella\" Paratyphi A, which are adapted to humans and do not occur in other animals. Infection with nontyphoidal serotypes of \"Salmonella\" generally results in food poisoning. Infection usually occurs when a person ingests", "title: Salmonella text: \"Salmonella\" reproduce asexually with a cell division interval of 40 minutes. \"Salmonella\" species lead predominantly host-associated lifestyles, but the bacteria were found to be able to persist in a bathroom setting for weeks following contamination, and are frequently isolated from water sources, which act as bacterial reservoirs and may help to facilitate transmission between hosts. \"Salmonella\" is notorious for its ability to survive desiccation and can persist for years in dry environments and foods. The bacteria are not destroyed by freezing, but UV light and heat accelerate their destruction. They perish after being heated to for 90 min, or to", "title: Salmonella text: for 12 min. To protect against \"Salmonella\" infection, heating food for at least 10 minutes to an internal temperature of is recommended. \"Salmonella\" species can be found in the digestive tracts of humans and animals, especially reptiles. \"Salmonella\" on the skin of reptiles or amphibians can be passed to people who handle the animals. Food and water can also be contaminated with the bacteria if they come in contact with the feces of infected people or animals. Initially, each \"Salmonella\" \"species\" was named according to clinical considerations, for example \"Salmonella typhi-murium\" (mouse typhoid fever), \"S. cholerae-suis\". After host specificity was", "title: 2012 outbreak of Salmonella text: waste-based fertilizers or from food items handled by infected humans. Salmonellosis is an intestinal disease, meaning that the bacteria must be ingested and processed through the intestines in order for infection to occur. Thus, salmonellosis is commonly spread to humans through ingestion of contaminated food items. It can also be spread through contact with reptiles and birds, usually after the person handles the animal or its environment (without hand-washing immediately) and then touches their mouth or food items. Those infected usually develop symptoms anywhere from 12–72 hours after first contact with \"Salmonella\" bacteria, and most do not require serious medical" ]

[ "three" ]

[ "title: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts text: Kennedy Center has three main theaters: the Concert Hall, the Opera House, and the Eisenhower Theater. The Concert Hall, located at the south end of the Center, seats 2,442 including chorister seats and stage boxes, and has a seating arrangement similar to that used in many European halls such as Musikverein in Vienna. The Concert Hall is the largest performance space in the Kennedy Center and is the home of the National Symphony Orchestra. A 1997 renovation brought a high-tech acoustical canopy, handicap-accessible locations on every level, and new seating sections (onstage boxes, chorister seats, and parterre seats). The Hadeland", "title: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts text: 50 percent over budget, due to modifications of plans during the renovations resulting in overtime and other penalties. Renovations to the Eisenhower Theater were completed in 2008. The Center is currently engaged in an expansion project on four acres in the Center's South Plaza. The project will add classroom, rehearsal, and performance space and includes construction of three pavilions (the Welcome Pavilion, the Skylight Pavilion, and the River Pavilion), reflecting pool, a tree grove, a sloping lawn to be used for outdoor performances, and a pedestrian bridge over Rock Creek Parkway. The architect is Steven Holl, with assistance from architectural", "title: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts text: revised seating arrangement and redesigned entrances at the orchestra level. It is the home of the Washington National Opera and the annual Kennedy Center Honors. The Eisenhower Theater, on the north side, seats about 1,163 and is named for President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who signed the National Cultural Center Act into law on September 2, 1958. It primarily hosts plays and musicals, smaller-scale operas, ballet and contemporary dance. The theater contains an orchestra pit for up to 35 musicians that is convertible to a forestage or additional seating space. The venue reopened in October 2008, following a 16-month renovation which", "title: Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts text: white interior. The 285,000-square foot (26,500 m2) Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts houses two sophisticated performance halls: Muriel Kauffman Theatre and Helzberg Hall. The venues share backstage space that runs the entire length of the Kauffman Center. There are dressing rooms that can accommodate more than 250 performers, along with 11 rehearsal rooms. The Kauffman Center joins the Lincoln Center as another of the few performing arts centers in the country to have two (or more) performance venues in one building. Another example is the Kennedy Centre in Washington, D.C. This decision to have two halls, each tailored to", "title: John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts text: crystal chandeliers, given by the government of Norway, were repositioned to provide a clearer view. Canadian organbuilder Casavant Frères constructed and installed a new pipe organ in 2012. The Opera House, in the middle, has about 2,300 seats. Its interior features include walls covered in red velvet, a distinctive red and gold silk curtain, given by the Japanese government, and Lobmeyr crystal chandelier with matching pendants, which were a gift from the government of Austria. It is the major opera, ballet, and large-scale musical venue of the Center, and closed during the 2003/2004 season for extensive renovations which provided a" ]

[ "Chicago blues" ]

[ "title: Muddy Waters text: he nicknamed \"Sunshine\". Eric Clapton served as best man at their wedding in 1979. His sons, Larry \"Mud\" Morganfield and Big Bill Morganfield, are also blues singers and musicians. In 2017, another son, Joseph \"Mojo\" Morganfield, began publicly performing the blues, often with his brothers. Muddy Waters died in his sleep from heart failure, at his home in Westmont, Illinois, on April 30, 1983, from cancer-related complications. He was transported from his Westmont home, which he lived in for the last decade of his life, to Good Samaritan Hospital in Downers Grove, Illinois. There he was pronounced dead at the", "title: Blues text: reached number 1 on the R&B charts in 1949. By the late 1950s, the swamp blues genre developed near Baton Rouge, with performers such as Lightnin' Slim, Slim Harpo, Sam Myers and Jerry McCain around the producer J. D. \"Jay\" Miller and the Excello label. Strongly influenced by Jimmy Reed, Swamp blues has a slower pace and a simpler use of the harmonica than the Chicago blues style performers such as Little Walter or Muddy Waters. Songs from this genre include \"Scratch my Back\", \"She's Tough\" and \"I'm a King Bee\". Alan Lomax's recordings of Mississippi Fred McDowell would eventually", "title: Muddy Waters text: a Man\") was used in the films \"Goodfellas\", \"Better Off Dead\", \"Risky Business\", and the rockumentary \"The Last Waltz\". The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame listed four songs of Muddy Waters among the 500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll. U.S. Postage Stamp Muddy Waters McKinley Morganfield (April 4, 1913 April 30, 1983), known professionally as Muddy Waters, was an American blues singer-songwriter and musician who is often cited as the \"father of modern Chicago blues\", and an important figure on the post-war blues scene. Muddy Waters grew up on Stovall Plantation near Clarksdale, Mississippi, and by age 17", "title: Soul blues text: Soul blues Soul blues is a style of blues music developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s that combines elements of soul music and urban contemporary music. Singers and musicians who grew up listening to the traditional electric blues of artists such as Muddy Waters, Bo Diddley, Jimmy Reed and Elmore James; soul singers such as Sam Cooke, Ray Charles and Otis Redding; and gospel music wanted to bridge their favorite music together. Bobby Bland was one of the pioneers of this style. This is a subgenre of blues that is very popular with African American audiences but less", "title: Muddy Waters text: Muddy Waters McKinley Morganfield (April 4, 1913 April 30, 1983), known professionally as Muddy Waters, was an American blues singer-songwriter and musician who is often cited as the \"father of modern Chicago blues\", and an important figure on the post-war blues scene. Muddy Waters grew up on Stovall Plantation near Clarksdale, Mississippi, and by age 17 was playing the guitar and the harmonica, emulating the local blues artists Son House and Robert Johnson. He was recorded in Mississippi by Alan Lomax for the Library of Congress in 1941. In 1943, he moved to Chicago to become a full-time professional musician." ]

[ "July 15, 2016" ]

[ "title: Stranger Things text: Stranger Things Stranger Things is an American science fiction-horror web television series created, written, and directed by the Duffer Brothers and released on Netflix. The Duffer Brothers, Shawn Levy, and Dan Cohen serve as executive producers. The first season stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard, Millie Bobby Brown, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Cara Buono, and Matthew Modine, with Noah Schnapp and Joe Keery in recurring roles. For the second season, Schnapp and Keery were made series regulars, along with the additions of Sadie Sink, Dacre Montgomery, Sean Astin, and Paul Reiser; Maya Hawke joined the", "title: Stranger Things text: centered around children as leading characters would not work, asking them to make it a children's show or to drop the children and focus on Hopper's investigation in the paranormal. In early 2015, Dan Cohen, the VP of 21 Laps Entertainment, brought the script to his colleague Shawn Levy. They subsequently invited the Duffer Brothers to their office and purchased the rights for the series, giving full authorship of it to the brothers. After reading the pilot, the streaming service Netflix purchased the whole season for an undisclosed amount; the show was subsequently announced for a planned 2016 release by", "title: Stranger Things text: season, consisting of nine episodes, was released on October 27, 2017. In December 2017, Netflix ordered a third season, which began production in April 2018 and will consist of eight episodes, and is set to be released in 2019. The Duffer Brothers have said that \"Stranger Things\" is likely to end after its fourth or fifth season. The series has received 31 Emmy Award nominations, including for Outstanding Drama Series, four Golden Globe Award nominations, and won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2016. \"Stranger Things\" is set in the", "title: Stranger Things text: Netflix in early April 2015. The Duffer Brothers stated that at the time they had pitched to Netflix, the service had already gotten recognized for its original programming, such as \"House of Cards\" and \"Orange Is the New Black\", with well-recognized producers behind them, and were ready to start giving upcoming producers like them a chance. The brothers started to write out the series and brought Levy and Cohen in as executive producers to start casting and filming. The series was originally known as \"Montauk\", as the setting of the script was in Montauk, New York and nearby Long Island", "title: Netflix text: premiered in August 2014, to mixed reviews on release but garnering wide critical acclaim for the following seasons. The science fiction drama \"Sense8\" debuted in June 2015, which was written and produced by The Wachowskis and J. Michael Straczynski \"Bloodline\" and \"Narcos\" were two other drama series that Netflix released in 2015. On November 6, 2015, \"Master of None\" premiered, starring Aziz Ansari. Other comedy shows premiering in 2015 included \"Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt\", \"Grace and Frankie\", \"\", and \"W/ Bob & David\". Netflix continued to dramatically expand their original content in 2016. The science fiction horror \"Stranger Things\" premiered in" ]

[ "Ents" ]

[ "title: Two Trees of Valinor text: each Tree and the insatiable Ungoliant devoured whatever life and light remained in them. Yavanna and Nienna attempted a healing, but they succeeded only in reviving Telperion's last flower (to become the Moon) and Laurelin's last fruit (to become the Sun). These were turned into flying ships crossing the sky, and each was steered by spirits who were chosen after the 'genders' of the Trees themselves: male Tilion and female Arien. This is why, in \"The Lord of the Rings\", the Sun is usually referred to as \"she\" and the moon as \"he\". However the true light of the Trees,", "title: Ent text: Ent Ents are a race of beings in J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy world Middle-earth who closely resemble trees. They are similar to the talking trees in folklore around the world. Their name is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word for giant. The Ents appear in \"The Lord of the Rings\" as ancient shepherds of the forest and allies of the free peoples of Middle-earth during the War of the Ring. The Ent who figures most prominently in the book is Treebeard, who (credibly) claims to be the oldest creature in Middle-earth. At the time \"The Lord of the Rings\" takes", "title: Two Trees of Valinor text: Celeborn was brought as a gift to the Men who lived on the island of Númenor to the east of Valinor. It was known as Nimloth, the White Tree of Númenor. When the dark lord Sauron took control of the island, he made king Ar-Pharazôn chop it down. Fortunately, the hero Isildur managed to save a single fruit of Nimloth, and planted seedlings in Middle-earth. These White Tree(s) of Gondor were mentioned in Tolkien's best-known published work, \"The Lord of the Rings\". Tolkien never mentioned any tree made in the likeness of Laurelin, writing that \"of Laurelin the Golden no", "title: Middle-earth plants text: emerges as one of the heroes of \"The Lord of the Rings\". A tree that grew at the Field of Cormallen in North Ithilien of Gondor. The name translates from Quenya as 'golden-red tree', referring to the colour of the tree's flowers. \"Culumalda\" was not mentioned by J. R. R. Tolkien himself in published writings, it only appears in Christopher Tolkien's Appendix to the published \"Silmarillion\". In \"The Lord of the Rings\" the species is described as \"stately dark-leaved trees laden with scarlet blossom.\" A species of tree that grew in Gondor. The casket in which the Crown of Gondor", "title: Fangorn text: Fangorn Fangorn (Sindarin: [\"Fangaorne\"]; \"\"Beardtree\"\") in J.R.R. Tolkien's \"Legendarium\", was a forest located in the fictional world of Middle-earth and was the home of the tree shepherds, the Ents. It was named after the oldest Ent, Treebeard or Treebeard after it. Tolkien did, however, state that there was confusion about the two. The Forest of Fangorn provided an important role in \"The Lord of the Rings\" novel as did Mirkwood and Lothlórien in the Third Age, a time when Sauron challenged Middle-earth to battle and domination. The forest provided the means by where adventure expanded with the breaking up of" ]

[ "In season 11" ]

[ "title: She's Leaving Home (Grey's Anatomy) text: She's Leaving Home (Grey's Anatomy) \"She's Leaving Home\" is the 22nd and 23rd episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and the 242nd and 243rd episode overall. The episodes aired on April 30, 2015 on ABC in the United States. The episodes were written by Stacy McKee and directed by Chris Hayden. On its initial airing it was watched by 8.74 million viewers. The two-hour episode serves as a tribute to the death of Derek Shepherd, the show's male lead played by Patrick Dempsey, who died in a car accident in the previous episode.", "title: How to Save a Life (Grey's Anatomy) text: How to Save a Life (Grey's Anatomy) \"How to Save a Life\" is the twenty-first episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama \"Grey's Anatomy\", and is the 241st episode overall. It aired on April 23, 2015 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by showrunner Shonda Rhimes and directed by Rob Hardy, making it the first episode Rhimes has written since the season eight finale \"Flight\". The installment marked the death and final appearance of the series’ male lead character, Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), who had starred on the series since its inception.", "title: Derek Shepherd text: Rhimes had consulted in writing for Shepherd's storylines and patients. In January 2014, Dempsey signed a two-year contract to remain on \"Grey's Anatomy\" (then in its tenth season) that would ensure his presence for potential 11th and 12th seasons. However, in April 2015, Dempsey's character was killed off while his contract was not over yet. Dempsey explained: \"it just sort of evolved. It’s just kind of happened. It really was something that was kind of surprising that unfolded, and it just naturally came to be. Which was pretty good. I like the way it has all played out.\" In August", "title: Samantha Sloyan text: & Isles\". She began a recurring role in the ShondaLand produced show \"Grey's Anatomy\" as Dr. Penelope Blake. She first appeared in the eleventh season highly critical episode \"How to Save a Life\", which included the death of lead character, Derek Shepherd, played by Patrick Dempsey who had starred on the series since the beginning. She appeared again in the twelfth season, including the show's 250th episode \"Guess Who's Coming to Dinner\" which was mostly focused on Sloyan's character. Samantha Sloyan Samantha Sloyan (born January 4, 1979) is an American actress. Sloyan is best known for her roles in \"In", "title: How to Save a Life (Grey's Anatomy) text: in the 18–49 demographic. It received mixed reviews from the critics who were divided on the show's handling of Shepherd's death. However, they were largely laudatory of Pompeo, with critic Rick Porter deeming it the best performance of her career. The episode opens with a flashback of a five-year-old Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) lost in a park. In the present, Dr. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), is on his way to Washington to resign from the President's brain mapping project. He witnesses a road accident and pulls over to help the victims. He rescues a young girl named Winnie (Savannah Paige" ]

[ "22" ]

[ "title: Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series) text: announced that ABC Family (now Freeform) had obtained syndication rights to the series, which began airing episodes on September 28, 2015. As of 2018, Freeform no longer airs the series. On May 15, 2015, it was announced that Hallmark Channel had obtained the rights to the sitcom, and they aired the series from January 2016 until December 31, 2017. On September 4, 2015, the series joined the CMT Network with a mini-marathon of episodes. The series also joined WGN America on April 30, 2018. Five seasons were available for streaming on Netflix. Currently, all seven seasons are available for streaming", "title: Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series) text: had been renewed for a fifth season. \"Last Man Standing\" had become a solid performer for the Friday night lineup at ABC, which with the help of \"Shark Tank\" and \"20/20\" has become the top network among adults 18–49 for the night. Leading off Friday night for ABC, the sitcom averaged a 1.8 rating in adults 18–49 and 8.2 million viewers overall, according to Nielsen's Live+7 estimates. On May 13, 2016, ABC renewed the series for a sixth season, which premiered on September 23, 2016. On May 10, 2017, ABC canceled \"Last Man Standing\" after six seasons, despite the series", "title: Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series) text: being the second-most-watched ABC sitcom during the 2016–17 season (based on Live+7 figures), with ratings remaining mostly steady during its sixth season. A representative for 20th Century Fox Television said cancellation decisions are made by ABC. \"This was a scheduling decision,\" wrote Jori Arancio, senior vice president of ABC Entertainment and ABC Studios. ABC and its production partner for the show, 20th Century Fox Television, typically negotiate licensing fees prior to each season; however, the network decided to cancel the show without doing so. Also, the contract between 20th Century Fox Television and ABC for the show, in which 20th", "title: Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series) text: 2012, that an additional three scripts had been ordered. On November 27, five more episodes were ordered to bring the second-season episode total to 18. On May 10, 2013, the series was renewed for a third season, which premiered on September 20, 2013, and ended on April 25, 2014, after 22 episodes. On May 10, 2014, ABC renewed \"Last Man Standing\" for a fourth season, which premiered on October 3, 2014. Allen and Elizondo guest-starred as their \"Last Man Standing\" characters in a crossover episode with the fellow ABC Friday sitcom \"Cristela\". On May 10, 2015, ABC announced the show", "title: Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series) text: Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series) Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen as a senior employee of a sporting goods store in Denver, Colorado, who is a married father of three daughters and a grandfather to his oldest daughter's son, Boyd. Distributed by 20th Century Fox Television, the series originally ran on ABC from 2011 to 2017 for six seasons, and entered syndication in 2015. Despite being ABC's second-highest rated sitcom for the 2016–17 season, it was revealed in May 2017 that the network had declined to renew \"Last Man Standing\" for a seventh season." ]