answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"0.16cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.02.008
|
A metal mask was used to control the active area of cell at 0.16cm2.The photocurrent density−voltage (J−V) curves of cells were evaluated under AM 1.5G illumination (100mWcm−2, Oriel 94023A, AAA Class, Newport Corp.).
|
What is the value of active area?
|
54999
|
{
"text": [
"15.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
}
|
10.1039/C9TC01741K
|
7b, whereas the PSC with PC61BM as the ETL only maintained ∼74% of its initial PCE (15.2%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14755
|
{
"text": [
"1.09 V"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA08503J
|
A PCE of 17.21% (JSC ≈ 20.94 mA cm−2; VOC ≈ 1.09 V; FF ≈ 75.40%) and 16.04% (JSC ≈ 20.40 mA cm−2; VOC ≈ 1.04 V; FF ≈ 75.60%) were reported for CzPAF-SBF (6) and CzPAF-SBFN (7), respectively, under AM 1.5 G illumination at an intensity of 100 mW cm−2.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
14478
|
{
"text": [
"17.18mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
201
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.01.055
|
The dye JY33 containing a secondary donor and two alkyl chains finally gives a high efficiency of 7.48% under the 100mWcm−2 simulated AM1.5 sunlight, with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 17.18mAcm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 742mV and a fill factor (FF) of 0.59.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted ever-increasing interest in the past two decades due to their low cost, facile fabrication, and environmentally friendliness Phenothiazine (PTZ) is a kind of heterocyclic compounds which possess simultaneously a nitrogen atom with lone-pair electrons and an electron-giving sulfur atom in the same six-member ring.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
56223
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA03591A
|
The photoanode was prepared using the screen-printing method with a transparent nanocrystalline TiO2 layer (thickness about 12 μm; particle size about 20 nm) and a TiO2 scattering layer (thickness about 12 μm; particle size about 20 nm) on the FTO glass.
|
What is photoanode?
|
62458
|
{
"text": [
"2.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.05.191
|
Despite the decreased adsorption ability of the dye on the TiO2 film, the η value could be improved from 0.9 to 2.9% with its esterification, which was attributable to both the downshift of the CBE and the reduced electron leakage from TiO2 to the electrolyte.
|
What is the value of η?
|
48210
|
{
"text": [
"CuSCN"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cclet.2018.05.008
|
PSCs utilizing CuSCN as HTM yielded PCE exceeding 20% and exhibit high thermal stability under continuing heating.
|
What is HTM?
|
5481
|
{
"text": [
"0.692 V"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA04704D
|
The open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of JP3 (0.692 V) is higher than YD2-O-C8 (0.683 V), JP1 (0.664 V) and JP2 (0.655 V), and this is mainly due to its better charge transport properties for an excellent π-conjugation system.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
66513
|
{
"text": [
"16.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
}
|
10.1039/C5EE01720C
|
In fact, an enhancement of the PCE can be observed slowing down the scan rate and operating the device with a forward scan, i.e., from 16.2% at a scan rate of 1.88 V s−1 to 16.9% at a scan rate of 0.043 V s−1.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14066
|
{
"text": [
"6.89%"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.084
|
Consequently, the I2-free DSSCs showed a lower average η of 6.89% than the I2-based counterpart.Three different metal oxide nanoparticles were examined as the electrolyte gelator.
|
What is the value of η?
|
26811
|
{
"text": [
"28.15 Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
200
]
}
|
10.1016/j.sse.2013.07.011
|
Compared with the conventional DSSC, Jsc, Voc, FF, and η were increased from 12.44 to 13.55 mA/cm2, 0.72 to 0.735 V, 66.7% to 69.4%, and 5.97% to 6.86% respectively and Rs was decreased from 35.37 to 28.15 Ω.These results can be attributed to the following facts: (1) Jsc increases with the optical path length in TiO2 electrodes.
|
What is the value of Rs?
|
27635
|
{
"text": [
"71.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2017.11.013
|
The optimized device without AuAg ANCs presented a champion PCE of 13.14% with a Voc of 0.95V, Jsc of 20.42mA/cm2 and FF of 71.6%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
1917
|
{
"text": [
"0.1256 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
}
|
10.1039/C5NJ00216H
|
The active area of the TiO2 photoanode was determined as 0.1256 cm2.The morphologies of the photoanodes were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM; FEI Quanta 250 field-emission scanning electron microscope).
|
What is the value of active area?
|
62294
|
{
"text": [
"0.45V"
],
"answer_start": [
473
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.052
|
It is now well known that the aliphatic alkyl chains can act as effective blocking units between the TiO2 surface and electrolyte to prevent the approach of hydrophilic I3− ions to the TiO2 surface, leading to suppressed charge recombination/dark current and lengthened electron lifetimes and thus an enhanced Voc (see details in our previous works As a whole, the OHexDPTB-based cell showed the best PCE of 3.16% among these three DSSCs, with a Jsc of 11.10mAcm−2, Voc of 0.45V, and FF of 0.63.In summary, three new organic dyes (DPTB, OMeDPTB, and OHexDPTB) with a D–A–A configuration have been synthesized, characterized, and applied in DSSCs.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
53801
|
{
"text": [
"3.73%"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.01.009
|
The HKK-CM2 sensitised cell gave a JSC of 10.5mAcm−2, VOC of 0.62V, and FF of 0.57, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency η of 3.73% and the HKK-CM3 sensitised cell gave a JSC of 13.3mAcm−2, VOC of 0.57V, and FF of 0.56, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency η of 4.37%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
52900
|
{
"text": [
"5mm2"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.090
|
Resulted supernatant after reaction was filtered to remove any remaining particles and then analyzed by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) (GCT Premier, Waters, USA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) (IS50R, Thermo fisher, USA) and 1H NMR (Advance 400 spectrometer, Bruker, USA).Before measurements, the as-prepared cells were shielded by black masks (5×5mm2 aperture) to determine the active area.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
37742
|
{
"text": [
"0.40 V"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
}
|
10.1039/C4DT03564J
|
It is noteworthy that the performance of all La2O3 encapsulated SnO2 photoanodes was higher than that of SnO2.SnO2 electrode showed poor DSSCs performance, with a Voc value of 0.40 V, Jsc of 8.30 mA cm−2, FF of 0.49, and power conversion efficiency of 1.61%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
72243
|
{
"text": [
"6.59%"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.113
|
For comparison, the PCE of the DSSCs using MoS2/CNFs, Pt and CNFs CEs was 8.46%, 7.65%, and 6.59%, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
58140
|
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
760
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cej.2017.04.097
|
The EQE sharply increases by doping at nD= 1 mM because ηinj and/or ηcc are improved by the lowering of energy barrier at the interface of the doped graphene/PEDOT:PSS and the sharp reduction of the sheet resistance, but the EQE gradually decreases with increasing nD above 1 mM because the degradation of ηlhe is larger than the improvement of ηinj and/or ηcc due to the reduction of σDC/σop at higher nD These behaviors are consistent with the nD-dependent variation of Jsc, as shown in , resulting from the strong correlation of Jsc with EQE To understand why the graphene TCE based p-i-n type planar perovskite solar cell exhibits best efficiency at nD= 7.5 mM, we measured the diffusion coefficient (Dn) and charge carrier’s life time (τn) of solar cell (glass/AuCl3-doped graphene TCE/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PCBM/Al) by using intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) and intensity modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS), as shown in (h)and(i).
|
What is ?
|
1361
|
{
"text": [
"56.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1039/C6QM00210B
|
In particular, all the device parameters improved with regard to FF (56.1% to 65.9%), JSC (20.06 to 21.04 mA cm−2) and VOC (0.94 to 1.02 V).
|
What is the value of FF?
|
22689
|
{
"text": [
"14.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
}
|
10.1039/C9CS00059C
|
Accordingly, Zn-12 yielded a record PCE of up to 17.5%, while more modest values were obtained for Zn-5 (up to 14.5%) and Zn-13 (up to 15.5%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
13625
|
{
"text": [
"0.691V"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.046
|
Interestingly, a maximum η of 9.24% (Jsc=22.25mAcm−2, Voc of 0.691V, and FF of 0.601) in (c) is measured under both irradiation for the cell with PANi–8wt‰ MWCNT complex electrode.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
38395
|
{
"text": [
"796mV"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.07.022
|
Solar cells with QX1 and DTQX1 exhibit a high open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 796mV and 828mV respectively, whereas TPZ1 shows a much lower one at 623mV.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
45873
|
{
"text": [
"0.78 V"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA00083H
|
The electrode derived from the SnO2 nanorod@TiO2 hybrid materials shows a highest short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 16.15 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.78 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.55.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
68442
|
{
"text": [
"23.04%"
],
"answer_start": [
232
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.10.009
|
These results illustrated that the application of SnO2 as an alternative ETM holds great promise in terms of PV performance as compared with TiO2 and ZnO in the device architecture FTO/ETM/MAPbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au, and PCE of 23.21%, 23.04% and 23.55% can be simulated using ZnO, TiO2 and SnO2 respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
4325
|
{
"text": [
"7.79%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.100
|
With the increasing of electro-polymerization time, a maximum PCE of 7.79% was achieved at 150s.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
45472
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
232
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.130
|
The J-V characteristics of the PSCs were measured with a fixed active area of 0.09cm2 using a CH Instruments 660D electrochemical workstation (Shanghai CH Instruments Co., China) under illumination of a simulated sunlight (AM 1.5G, 100mWcm−2) provided by a short-arc xenon lamp (CHF-XW-500W, Trusttech Co.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
424
|
{
"text": [
"1.3 mA"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
}
|
10.1016/j.rinp.2016.08.013
|
The cell showed photo responses with Voc of 616 mV, Isc of 1.3 mA, FF of 60.16%, and maximum conversion efficiency of 0.5%, thereby confirming the accuracy of the model.
|
What is the value of Isc?
|
35736
|
{
"text": [
"6.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.017
|
Furthermore, the η-value was improved by substitution of the methyl group of the 17-propionate residue in 1 with longer alkyl chains: 6.5% (methyl ester for 1) → 7.0% (hexyl ester) → 8.0% (dodecyl ester) [].
|
What is the value of η?
|
45827
|
{
"text": [
"15 Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2016.11.004
|
The P25 nanoparticles based device gives 23 Ω of Rct whereas the device made from NRs gives 15 Ω of Rct.
|
What is the value of Rct?
|
47840
|
{
"text": [
"665.1mV"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
}
|
10.1016/j.mtener.2018.05.003
|
The highest efficiency was obtained by the SeGnP-CE, displaying a Jsc of 17.16mAcm−2, a Voc of 665.1mV, a FF of 72.1%, and a PCE of 8.22%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
34854
|
{
"text": [
"22.91mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
}
|
10.1016/j.optmat.2019.109349
|
As a result, presence of PMA/PVAc decreases the Jsc from 27.87 to 22.91mAcm−2, which leads to the decrease in η from 12.28 to 9.67%.Liquid electrolyte DSSCs are known to have higher efficiencies than polymer electrolyte-based DSSCs.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48711
|
{
"text": [
"10.32%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TC00086G
|
We then applied the N-doped GFs (N-GFs) as counter electrode for HTM-free PSCs and achieve the PCE of 10.32%, higher than PSCs with GFs as counter electrode.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
18180
|
{
"text": [
"11.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA09911K
|
Based on the PCE analysis of such devices with different HTLs, PEDOT:PSS/AgOTf-doped/GO HTLs increased the PCE (11.9%) as compared with the PCE (10.7%) of PEDOT:PSS HTL and almost doubled as compared to the PCE of ∼5% with GO only HTLs (Table 10).Film defects in various PSC designs could also be detected using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14113
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.03.037
|
In a standard device fabrication process, compact TiO2 (c-TiO2) film is firstly deposited on the fluorine-doped SnO2 (FTO) glass substrate as a blocking layer .
|
What is substrate?
|
39005
|
{
"text": [
"7.29%"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
}
|
10.1039/C5RA23856K
|
The values of Jsc, Voc, FF, and η for the Pt based DSSC were 14.76 mA cm−2, 0.76 V, 0.65, and 7.29%, respectively.
|
What is the value of η?
|
60185
|
{
"text": [
"4.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
}
|
10.1039/C9TA03155C
|
The achieved PCEs were 1.7% and 4.1% for P3HT:PCBM and PV2000 blends, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
64237
|
{
"text": [
"70.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA06297D
|
Owing to the large pseudocapacitance and great conductivity of PANI/CNT, this device showed a large specific area capacitance of 422 mF cm−2 (or specific mass capacitance of 103.4 F g−1), high coulombic efficiency of 96%, and overall energy storage efficiency of 70.9%.
|
What is the value of efficiency?
|
22979
|
{
"text": [
"0.60 V"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
}
|
10.1039/C1JM10993F
|
Introduction of the tert-butyl groups in t-Bu results in a slight increase of both the JSC (5.6 mA cm−2) and the VOC (0.60 V) when compared to the same values for H where JSC = 5.0 mA cm−2 and VOC = 0.58 V.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
74764
|
{
"text": [
"32.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2014.09.001
|
The commercial ITO-coated substrate demonstrated the highest sheet resistance and therefore had the lowest FF of 32.9%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
38981
|
{
"text": [
"8.40%"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.089
|
The η of the DSSC using the nanocube catalyst could reach 9.20%, greater than that of the DSSC using the nanotube (8.48%), nanoparticle (8.40%), or Pt (8.94%) catalysts.
|
What is the value of η?
|
48974
|
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.10.151
|
The average photovoltaic parameters of samples measured under illumination AM 1.5 simulated sunlight (100 mW/cm2) are summarized in .
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
47392
|
{
"text": [
"15.14%"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA04313A
|
Our best-performing planar perovskite solar cell based on the vacuum-processed C60 has achieved a PCE of 15.14% with a Voc of 1.08 V and a fill factor (FF) of 74.51% measured under reverse voltage scanning.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
12794
|
{
"text": [
"0.2 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA01883D
|
After sintering, an active area of 0.2 cm2 was carved out from the film for dye deposition.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
61741
|
{
"text": [
"0.67 V"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.08.002
|
The best performing flexible quasi-solid-state DSSC was the one with the 50 wt% P123 membrane, giving a performance of 7.28 mA/cm2Jsc, 0.67 V Voc, 0.61 FF and 2.98% η.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
29448
|
{
"text": [
"789 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
}
|
10.1039/C2RA20819A
|
In terms of Voc, the order was VP4 (804 mV) > VP3 (789 mV) > VP2 (759 mV).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
66761
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
}
|
10.1039/C7QI00329C
|
We also thank Central Instrumentation Facilities (CIF) – Pondicherry University for material characterizations.† Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Table and figures showing Raman, FESEM and UV-Vis, experimental conditions to synthesize different TiO2 and Ni-NCs, photovoltaic parameters of different TiO2 morphologies-based DSSCs.
|
What is ?
|
64018
|
{
"text": [
"63%"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.08.055
|
The latter gave PCE among the best ever reported for tDSC (Jsc=5.90mA/cm2; Voc=896mV; FF=63%, PCE=2.80% in the case of the I3−/I− electrolyte, Jsc=4.52mA/cm2, Voc=840mV, FF=60% and PCE=2.27% for T2/T− based devices) unraveling the significance of the new dyes presented in this study.The conversion of solar light into a usable form of energy is one of the greatest challenges ever tackled by the scientific community Significant work today is devoted to improving the PCE of pDSC, by fishing out a better semi-conducting material than NiO Herein we present our own contribution in this field, presenting two new push pull dyes PP1 and PP2 () based on the association of the well-known trisarylamine anchor (TPA) In order to further curb down the extent of geminate charge recombination, a secondary electron acceptor (naphthalene diimide, NDI) was affixed to PP2 to yield PP2-NDI.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
57935
|
{
"text": [
"72.83%"
],
"answer_start": [
234
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.09.009
|
The dopant-free CzPAF-TPA based device exhibited the appreciable PCE of 12.37% with Jsc of 19.18 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.89 V, and FF of 72.73% under the forward scan condition and 12.46% with Jsc of 18.97 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.90 V, and FF of 72.83% under the reverse scan condition.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
7663
|
{
"text": [
"1017 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
}
|
10.1039/C5EE03255E
|
Following incorporation of Cs, the mixed cation perovskite Cs0.2FA0.8PbI3 device yields an enhanced PCE (compared to pure FAPbI3) of 15.69%, with PV parameters of Voc = 1017 mV, Jsc = 21.5 mA cm−2 and fill factor = 70.1%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
18321
|
{
"text": [
"0.16cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.035
|
The active area of photoanode was 0.16cm2.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
48357
|
{
"text": [
"0.739 V"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA05162A
|
As a result, T1 based-device achieved a higher overall conversion efficiency of 8.24% (Jsc of 15.72 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.739 V and FF of 0.71) in comparison with T2 based-device with an overall conversion efficiency of 7.83% (Jsc of 14.85 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.765 V and FF of 0.69).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
64263
|
{
"text": [
"74%"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
}
|
10.1039/C8CS00656C
|
Under optimised conditions at 80 °C, the device with spray-coated MAPbI3 films showed 16.2% efficiency yielding 20.7 mA cm−2 in Jsc, 1.06 V in Voc and 74% in FF.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
16553
|
{
"text": [
"14.83%"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.083
|
Compared to the PSC based on Zn2SnO4 electron transport layer, the device based on TiO2 electron transport layer shows lower VOC and FF values, and turn to lower PCE of 14.83%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
4517
|
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
}
|
10.1039/C0EE00448K
|
28(c)) and can provide enough space to transport the redox couple (I−/I3−) between the electrodes.
|
What is redox couple?
|
66234
|
{
"text": [
"4.73mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
}
|
10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.113
|
In this case, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 4.73mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.798V and a fill factor (FF) of 76.5 are obtained, which gives an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 2.89%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
9611
|
{
"text": [
"PtAg NTs"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.206
|
In the case of bimetallic alloy NT CEs, the devices achieve promising conversion efficiencies of 8.07%, 7.34%, and 6.93% for PtPd NTs, PtAg NTs and Pt NTs, respectively.Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at
|
What is CEs?
|
32342
|
{
"text": [
"c"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
}
|
10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.061
|
Results of this research are promising and can provide a new insight for further research on water-based gel electrolyte for DSSCs.Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at
|
What is electrolyte?
|
50891
|
{
"text": [
"18.2"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TC04649A
|
Under optimal conditions, an impressive device PCE of 18.2% was attained, while the performance reduced by merely 3% after over a month of storage, indicating that this technique holds good prospect for commercialization.To date, SnO2 scaffolds that have been developed for PSC applications comprise of nanoparticle, nanorod, nanowire, and nanosheet based mesoporous SnO2.
|
What is ?
|
16806
|
{
"text": [
"3.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2016.03.007
|
PVT based cell characteristics were optimized to be Voc=0.83 V, Jsc=12.01 mA/cm2, FF=30.22 with an overall power conversion efficiency of η=3.03% which suggests that the present strategy can be exploited for the development of efficient photoanode systems.Systematic design and development of conducting polymer-inorganic metal oxide hybrid nanocomposites is receiving great attention in the photovoltaic research community due to its unique properties in enhancing the device performance.
|
What is the value of η?
|
54080
|
{
"text": [
"690 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2016.05.174
|
For the application of DSSCs, the ZnO photoanode with a bi-layer film consisting of 10 ± 1 μm NPs/5 ± 1 μm HPs exhibited the best cell efficiency of 7.40% with a jSC of 15.84 mA cm−2, a FF of 0.68, an VOC of 690 mV.Lithium iodide (LiI, synthetical grade), iodine (I2, synthetical grade), and 1-methyl-3-propyl imidazolium iodide (PMII) were obtained from Merck.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
29903
|
{
"text": [
"4.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA16493H
|
The all-solid-state DSSC with A2-F exhibited good photovoltaic parameters; η, 4.86%; short-circuit current density (JSC), 7.52 mA cm−2; VOC, 910 mV; fill factor (FF), 0.71.
|
What is the value of η?
|
72791
|
{
"text": [
"0.49 V"
],
"answer_start": [
374
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.01.295
|
DSSCs fabricated with aligned ZnO NTs photoanode have achieved a high solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 2.87% with a high short circuit current (Jsc) of 8.83 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.6 V, and fill factor (FF) of 0.54.However, DSSC fabricated with aligned ZnO NRs photoanode exhibits a relatively low η of 1.06% with Jsc of 4.17 mA/cm2, Voc of 0.49 V and FF of 0.51.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
58583
|
{
"text": [
"0.1 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
}
|
10.1039/C5NR06234A
|
All our fabricated devices had 0.1 cm2 active area.The performance of the perovskite solar cells was obtained from J–V characteristics measured using a Keithley 2400 LV source meter.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
22220
|
{
"text": [
"655 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TC03542C
|
A solar cell fabricated with X11 and the MKA253 sensitizer featured a VOC of 580 mV, JSC of 4.7 mA cm−2, FF of 0.62 and PCE of 1.7%, and a VOC of 655 mV, JSC of 8.2 mA cm−2, FF of 0.55 and PCE of 3.0% when the LEG4 sensitizer was used instead.Building on X1, Sun and coworkers synthesized a series of p-methoxy substituted triphenylamine oligomers.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
70958
|
{
"text": [
"71.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2016.08.009
|
The reference device without MACl additive shows a best PCE of 12.1% with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.88V, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.2mAcm−2, and fill factor (FF) of 71.7%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
6772
|
{
"text": [
"I3−/I−"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.01.061
|
These HOMO and LUMO levels suggest that all the four dyes can work as sensitizers in DSSC devices, because the HOMO potentials are more positive than the redox couple of I3−/I−, which is 0.4V DFT calculations were performed to optimize the ground state geometries of the four dyes using the Gaussian 09 program at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level, which has been found to be an accurate method for most ruthenium complexes .
|
What is redox couple?
|
50157
|
{
"text": [
"16.80%"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.163
|
In comparison, the champion of SnCl-SnO2 (2) device shows a little lower Jsc value of 20.30mAcm−2, a Voc value of 1.05V, a higher FF value of 74.21%, and a higher PCE of 17.14% for backward bias and Jsc of 20.29mAcm−2, a Voc of 1.04V, a higher FF value of 72.42%, and a higher PCE of 16.80% for forward bias.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
6967
|
{
"text": [
"0.94V"
],
"answer_start": [
294
]
}
|
10.1016/j.renene.2014.06.043
|
As such, for the devices reported here using backside illumination, the lower efficiency compared to our previous reports From these results, 60s of Pt sputtering, which gives a transmittance of ∼80%, coupled with a P3HT concentration of 13.5mgmL−1, gave the best performing device with Voc of 0.94V, Jsc of 2.85mAcm−2, FF of 0.47 with an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 1.27%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
30078
|
{
"text": [
"7.82%"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.08.061
|
The photovoltaic performance at the optimal thickness is: Voc= 0.78, Jsc= 12.95 mA cm−2, FF = 0.77, and PCE = 7.82%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
44360
|
{
"text": [
"1000Wm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.007
|
As-prepared PSCs with area of 0.96cm2 were tested by a solar simulator BOS-X-1000G of irradiance 1000Wm−2 (Changchun Bosheng, Com.
|
What is the value of solar?
|
9273
|
{
"text": [
"4.54%"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
}
|
10.1039/C2JM35095E
|
Device A with a Pt cathode in conjunction with a T−/T2 electrolyte exhibits an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 607 mV, a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 13.85 mA cm−2, a fill factor (FF) of 0.54, yielding an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.54%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
67858
|
{
"text": [
"14.02mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.05.015
|
When compared with WR8 (JSC=14.02mAcm−2), WR7 shows lightly lower JSC values of 12.96mAcm−2 due to the narrower IPCE responsive area.
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
49531
|
{
"text": [
"1.34%"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.04.059
|
Under an illumination of one sun condition (AM 1.5G, 100mWcm−2), the PCE for B-SnO2 NF52 is up to 7.06%, increased by 26% and 40% compared to B-SnO2 NF113 (5.57%) and P25 (5.04%), respectively, and more than five times as large as SnO2 NF52 (1.34%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
35488
|
{
"text": [
"715mV"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.12.018
|
The Rct of three dyes decreases in the order of JY47 (89.2Ω)>JY48 (56.0Ω)>JY49 (27.6Ω), which is in agreement with the Voc of JY47 (733mV)>JY48 (715mV)>JY49 (670mV).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
31026
|
{
"text": [
"8.15%"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.05.042
|
There is no change in peak potential, and the current density was observed, and this suggests that the CEs are very stable in I-/I3- electrolyte.The photocurrent density-voltage (J-V) curves of DSSCs using Pt, NCS, rGO-NCS-1, rGO-NCS-2, rGO-NCS-3 and rGO are shown in a, DSSC using rGO-NCS-2 CE exhibited higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.15% than NCS (7.36%), Pt (7.23%), rGO-NCS-1 (7.06%), rGO-NCS-3 (6.01%) and rGO (3.04%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
40227
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2018.07.048
|
The photovoltaic characterization (J-V) of the DSSCs was performed using the above-mentioned potentiostat/galvanostat under AM 1.5G illumination (100mWcm−2=1 sun) from a solar simulator (96000, Newport, USA).
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
28249
|
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2017.05.044
|
The photovoltaic performance of the solar cells was measured in air without encapsulation using Keithley 2400 system under AM 1.5G at 100mW/cm2 light illumination or in the dark and the hole-only device was also tested with the source meter in the dark.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
11926
|
{
"text": [
"5.64mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.09.045
|
For the bare TiO2 nanotubes, the DSSCs exhibited a Jsc value of 5.64mAcm−2, a Voc value of 0.580V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.570, yielding an overall conversion efficiency of 1.86%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
39561
|
{
"text": [
"3.38%"
],
"answer_start": [
288
]
}
|
10.1039/C4CP02175D
|
Among the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) fabricated with the composites using N719 dye as a photosensitizer, the PAZ4-based DSSC shows the highest short circuit current (Jsc = 7.78 mA cm−2) and highest fill factor (FF = 0.55) with a reasonably higher power conversion efficiency (η = 3.38%) compared to those of pure ZnS NPs and other PAZ composites.
|
What is the value of efficiency?
|
73577
|
{
"text": [
"6.16%"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.028
|
Noticeably, the cell with MEC CE still achieved the η of 6.16% due to the large surface area and numerous large-sized mesopores.
|
What is the value of η?
|
32229
|
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.12.065
|
Photovoltaic characterization was performed on the surface of the solar cell under a white light source (YSS-100A, Yamashita Denso Company) with an irradiance of 100mW/cm2 under air mass 1.5 global (AM1.5G).
|
What is the value of irradiance?
|
43977
|
{
"text": [
"67.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105415
|
As a result, the planar N-i-P PSCs based on FTO/SnO2/GQDs/Perovskite/Au structure obtain a highest efficiency over 16.5%, with Voc of 1.03V, Jsc of 23.36mA/cm2, FF of 67.9%.Materials: PbI2 (99.99%), CH3NH3I (≥99.5%), 4-tertbutylpyridine (tBP, 96%) lithium bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (Li-TFSI, 99.9%), 2,2′,7,7′-Tetrakis (N,N′-di-pmethoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene(spiro-OMeTAD, 99.5%), were purchased from Xi'an Polymer Light Technology Corporation.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
7354
|
{
"text": [
"0.09 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
40
]
}
|
10.1039/C7RA06643K
|
The masked active area of the device is 0.09 cm2.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
19373
|
{
"text": [
"c-Nb2O5"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.08.069
|
The a-Nb2O5-based device achieves a maximized efficiency of 5.74% in comparison to the efficiency of PSCs with high-temperature (500 °C) annealed c-Nb2O5 ETL (5.12%) or same-temperature (500 °C) sintered c-TiO2 ETL (4.67%).
|
What is ETL?
|
4547
|
{
"text": [
"16.83%"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA02918C
|
Perovskite films kept for 5 hours in ambient air showed nanorod-like morphology having high crystallinity, with devices exhibiting the highest PCE of 16.83%, which is much higher than the PCE of 11.94% for traditional thermally annealed perovskite film based devices.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
22652
|
{
"text": [
"14.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA00011D
|
3a, the PCE of the device increased from 9.8% to 14.4% with decreasing thickness of the PCBM layer.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14011
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.01.032
|
By tuning the dipping time and concentration of bath solution, a compact cTiO2-Ag layer was coated around the pore walls within TiO2 thick film and on the exposed FTO substrate.
|
What is substrate?
|
23191
|
{
"text": [
"1.01 V"
],
"answer_start": [
193
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA08398B
|
The planar heterojunction solar cell device based on a controlled high purity precursor showed 35–40% enhancement in the PCE (16.4%) with a simultaneous enhancement of Jsc (21.5 mA cm−2), Voc (1.01 V), and FF (0.76) compared to the low purity based device.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
19162
|
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.08.039
|
The area of the device was 0.075cm2 defined by a shadow mask.All current density – voltage (J – V) curves were recorded using a Keithley 2400 source meter unit under simulated AM 1.5G illumination at an intensity of 100mW/cm2 with a XES-70S1 solar simulator.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
11244
|
{
"text": [
"3.64%"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.07.014
|
The NC102-sensitized cell gave a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 8.15mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.63V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.71, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 3.64%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
40152
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.07.007
|
More importantly, the new concept established here will be very helpful in developing other types of TiO2 film for quasi-solid or solid-state DSSCs.
|
What is ?
|
47442
|
{
"text": [
"0.66V"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.04.005
|
In , the middle-frequency peaks of the DSCs based on MR-1 was observed to be slightly shifted to low frequency compared to MR-2 and N-719, indicating a higher recombination lifetime for the former case, thus resulting in higher VOC for MR-1 (0.67V) compared to (0.60V) for MR-2 and (0.66V) N719.In order to gain insight into the geometrical electronic structure of two ruthenium complexes and to evaluate the photophysical and photovoltaic properties, DFT calculations on MR-1 and MR-2 were performed using density functional theory with Guassian09 package [].
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
53986
|
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2015.04.021
|
The temperature profile was 150 °C for 15 min, 330 °C for 15 min and 480 °C for 30 min The current–voltage (J–V) data of the studied devices were measured by a computer-controlled Keithley 2400 source meter under the AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW/cm2 of a solar simulator).
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
38780
|
{
"text": [
"500 s"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2013.08.016
|
However, when the dye molecule diffusion is the rate-limiting step, the enhanced convective motion used in this work is not able to accelerate the adsorption of the dye molecules on the TiO2 surface., the maxima dye adsorptions occur at 540 s adsorption time and at 500 s adsorption time using 1500 rpm spinning speed and 2000 rpm spinning speed, respectively.
|
What is the value of time?
|
46415
|
{
"text": [
"628 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1039/B917305F
|
Interestingly, DSC-1 demonstrated a higher Jsc (14.4 mA cm−2) and FF (55.8%) and slightly higher Voc (628 mV) than those of DSC-2, thus with the corresponding η climbing to 5.05%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
72027
|
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
}
|
10.1039/B406286H
|
The responses are uncorrected for the absorption and scattering of incident light by the glass substrates.
|
What is substrate?
|
72059
|
{
"text": [
"6.55%"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
}
|
10.1039/C6RA23034B
|
The assembly fabricated using H-2 showed the best performance with an overall conversion efficiency η of 6.55%, Jsc of 11.99 mA cm−2 and Voc of −0.74 V.
|
What is the value of η?
|
62434
|
{
"text": [
"8.45 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2015.06.022
|
The Jsc values of TiCl4-post-treated and Zr oxide-post-treated sample were 13.19 and 12.61 mA/cm2, respectively, which are both much higher than the P25 sample value of 8.45 mA/cm2.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
37841
|
{
"text": [
"6.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
}
|
10.1039/C3EE44174A
|
The device prepared with P3HT yielded a JSC = 14.0 mA cm−2, a VOC = 620.1 mV, a FF = 72.2%, and a PCE = 6.3%, the lowest performances obtained from the devices prepared with other HTMs.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
15453
|
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