answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"16"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
}
|
10.1039/C0CP02605K
|
R-284-000-079-592.† Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Cyclic voltammograms for FTO electrodes modified with Z-907 and Z-960 in a redox inactive supporting electrolyte; EIS fitting parameters for DSCs with 16 μm thick TiO2 layers.
|
What is TiO2?
|
62338
|
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA04919J
|
The most common planar structure is composed of FTO/c-TiO2/MAPbI3/spiro-MeOTAD/Au (Fig.
|
What is FTO?
|
20650
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
}
|
10.1016/j.synthmet.2010.08.003
|
Red-brown POT/TiO2/Fe2O3 nanocomposite films were obtained on vacuum drying the glass.Dissolve 0.01 g nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 powder prepared by supercritical fluid drying method (SCFD) 0.02 mL H2PtCl6 was evenly dropped on another 1 cm2 FTO substrate, drying at 25 °C and calcining at 380 °C for 30 min to prepare Pt electrode.Sensitization and pack of anodeDissolve 0.01 g POT, POT/TiO2 and POT/TiO2/Fe2O3 in 2 mL isopropyl alcohol separately.
|
What is substrate?
|
39587
|
{
"text": [
"17.27mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.07.109
|
It is found that the DSC assembled from NixCoySe-6 array CE yields a remarkable PCE of 7.64% (Jsc=17.27mAcm−2, Voc=0.66V, and FF=0.67), which is higher than that of the DSC assembled from NixCoySe-6 CE (PCE=7.40%, Jsc=16.99mAcm−2, Voc=0.66V, and FF=0.66).
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
39122
|
{
"text": [
"1.03 V"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
}
|
10.1039/C5CC08156D
|
(Each group contains 8 samples; detailed device parameters are shown in Table S1, ESI) The highest PCE of 12.3% was achieved using a spin-coating speed of 2000 r.p.m., yielding a Jsc of 16.8 mA cm−2, Voc of 1.03 V, and FF of 0.711 (Fig.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
17905
|
{
"text": [
"0.12%"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ccr.2016.05.008
|
Starting from this observation, Hattori et al reported for the first time in 2005 As expected, by using N719 as dye, the lowest photovoltaic parameters have been reached for the 71-based redox couple (Jsc = 0.48 mA cm–2 and Voc=0.570 V, η = 0.12%, ) due to the smallest redox potential (–0.10 V vs SCE) and the slowest electron transfer rate.
|
What is the value of η?
|
26665
|
{
"text": [
"1.66%"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.008
|
Compared with that based on the nanowire array, the cell based on the branched nanorod array also made an obvious improvement in the short-circuit current density from 5.31 mA/cm2 to 6.19 mA/cm2 and the conversion efficiency from 1.53% to 1.66%.It is well-believed that the incident photon to current conversion efficiency of a DSC is determined by the light harvesting efficiency, the injection of electrons from photoexcited dye molecules into the conduction band of the oxide semiconductor, and the efficiency of collecting the injected electrons at the conducting glass substrate.
|
What is the value of efficiency?
|
34191
|
{
"text": [
"13.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
}
|
10.1039/C9TC01741K
|
The PSCs employing pure C60 and C70 as the ETL exhibited even lower PCEs—13.8% and 13.9%, respectively—as shown in Fig.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14780
|
{
"text": [
"0.864 V"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.089
|
While Cell-TiO2-S/P has a higher Jsc, than that of Cell-TiO2-P, which is due to the greater light-scattering effect of porous TiO2 microspheres.Besides, the Voc values of Cell-TiO2-S (0.901 V) and Cell-TiO2-S/P (0.864 V) are higher than that of Cell-TiO2-P (0.842 V), which could be ascribed to the more compact dye molecule absorbed on the (001) facets of TiO2 microspheres.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
48292
|
{
"text": [
"22.1"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2018.02.007
|
Efficiency values up to 22.1% have been reported in recent works Solar cells can be typically split into two categories: n-i-p and p-i-n.
|
What is ?
|
8259
|
{
"text": [
"5.37%"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
}
|
10.1016/j.spmi.2018.07.024
|
By using 0.038M CH3NH3I, the solar cell has the lowest performance with Jsc of 14.63mA/cm2, Voc of 0.76V, FF of 0.48, and PCE of 5.37%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
6181
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2010.04.045
|
Optically transparent FTO (F-doped SnO2, 15 Ω/cm2) coated glass was used as a substrate for spreading the TiO2 electrodes (Ti-nanoxide HT/SP, Solaronix SA) by a screen printing method.
|
What is substrate?
|
24551
|
{
"text": [
"4.36 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2017.06.059
|
A notable high JSC value 4.36 mA/cm2 for YAT and 6.91 mA/cm2 for BAT have been achieved.
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
48041
|
{
"text": [
"0.132 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
}
|
10.1039/C2CP24039D
|
The test for photoelectric performance was carried out, with an active area of 0.132 cm2, on a Keithley 236 source measurement unit under AM 1.5 illumination cast by an Oriel 92251A-1000 sunlight simulator calibrated by the standard reference of a Newport 91150 silicon solar cell.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
71684
|
{
"text": [
"1.05 V"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA05226A
|
By employing nanoparticles with an optimum size of about 50 nm, they could obtain better perovskite infiltration and hence achieve a PCE of 11.5% with a VOC of 1.05 V, which was higher than those of the TiO2 nanoparticle devices.Similarly, the effect of the thickness of the passive scaffold on the device performance of mesoscopic perovskite solar cells has been studied.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
16038
|
{
"text": [
"c-TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
}
|
10.1039/C8QM00337H
|
Furthermore, the rough surface for either FTO, c-TiO2/m-TiO2 or CsPbBr3 is expected to increase the adhesion of the next layer and to reduce the charge loss at cell interfaces.
|
What is FTO?
|
18777
|
{
"text": [
"7.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.032
|
The performance of the DSSC using the TCNF-based photoanode was investigated using current density-voltage (J–V) curves with a high η value, 7.5%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
56512
|
{
"text": [
"12.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TC04649A
|
The powder underwent ligand exchange treatment before it was mixed with PbI2 precursor solution for further fabrication of a bulk intermixing-typed PSC (highest PCE = 12.9%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
16784
|
{
"text": [
"1.03 ± 0.01 V"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
}
|
10.1039/C7NR04739H
|
In addition, the statistics of cell parameters revealed that the PSCs with the CuNW-based electrodes present reasonably converged values, i.e., VOC = 1.03 ± 0.01 V, JSC = 14.47 ± 1.05 mA cm−2, FF = 58.33 ± 2.77%, and PCE = 8.65 ± 0.64% (Fig.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
23066
|
{
"text": [
"0.08cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151817
|
The J-V curves of PSCs were recorded on electrochemical workstation system (CHI660D, Chenhua and Shanghai) under simulated AM 1.5G, 100mWcm−2 with an active area fixed mask of 0.08cm2.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
4410
|
{
"text": [
"8.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.01.153
|
As a consequence, the resultant CoTe2@NCNTs CE yields an overwhelming PCE (9.02%) that outstrips Pt (8.03%), indicating the prominent electrocatalytic activity of CoTe2@NCNTs toward the redox species in DSSCs.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
59597
|
{
"text": [
"0.16cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.049
|
Device circuit was completed by sandwiching the photoanodic films with an active area of 0.16cm2 and counter electrodes (Platinum coated FTO) using adhesive tape spacer and filling electrolyte.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
53440
|
{
"text": [
"0.636V"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.10.032
|
(a) shows I–V curves of the DSSCs with the mono- and bi- π-conjugated organic dyes, summarized in Under the standard global AM1.5 solar irradiation, the PRTCN2-sensitized cell showed a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 18.69mAcm−2, open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.636V, and a fill factor (ff) of 61.37%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
30367
|
{
"text": [
"12.5 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
}
|
10.1016/j.mssp.2014.08.012
|
The photovoltaic values of DSSC-7, Voc=600 mV, Jsc=12.5 mA/cm2, FF=53% and η=3.98% were changed dramatically as a result of Al doping in TNPWs composite and the effect of HfO2 blocking layer.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
45216
|
{
"text": [
"0.91V"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2018.05.090
|
The champion cell with nominal value x=0.9 shows PCE of 14.2% with VOC of 1.04, JSC of 22.8mA/cm2, and FF of 0.60 where as the best PCE of MAPbI3 was 14.50% with a VOC of 0.91V, JSC of 23.9mA/cm2, and FF of 0.67 under a reverse scan (b).
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
9626
|
{
"text": [
"PANI-e"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.023
|
On the contrary, the lower diffusion rates of the PANI-d and PANI-e NRs CEs might be due to the larger series resistance caused by the thicker PANI NRs.b, all of the CEs show a typical oxidation and reduction peaks belonging to the redox reaction of I3−+2 e−↔3 I−, which directly affects the DSSC performance ).
|
What is CE?
|
24516
|
{
"text": [
"0 s"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA08262E
|
However, when the MAI loading time is increased to 60 s, the size of the crystal is significantly increased with the largest lateral dimension more than 1 μm.
|
What is the value of time?
|
23084
|
{
"text": [
"7.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA14305H
|
The dual-functional DL-BZO-based cell exhibited a remarkably enhanced performance with η of 7.2%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
72670
|
{
"text": [
"0.708V"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.02.063
|
The typical current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics are shown in , N0 based DSSC demonstrates a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 16.65mA·cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.708V, fill factor (FF) of 74.4%, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.77%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
47812
|
{
"text": [
"0.53 V"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA01277E
|
The device with only the Al (without CBL) cathode showed a PCE of 2.88% with a short circuit current (Jsc), Voc and fill factor (FF) of 9.47 mA cm−2, 0.53 V and 57.0%, respectively.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
17617
|
{
"text": [
"8.84%"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA11331K
|
The one with the PGE of 76.8 wt% electrolyte exhibits the highest η of 9.48% among the three PGEs with different electrolyte loadings and the liquid electrolyte (η = 8.84%).
|
What is the value of η?
|
66223
|
{
"text": [
"9.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2017.10.018
|
The steady-state current density of the pristine and optimized PSCs were in the range of 11.83–12.41mAcm−2 and 12.89–13.43mAcm−2 respectively, and the according PCE of both PSCs were in the range of 8.75–9.18% and 9.93–10.34% respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
11643
|
{
"text": [
"2.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
}
|
10.1039/C5EE01720C
|
However, such apparent PCE drastically drops when the scan rate slows down (8.8%), and is even lower when the scan direction is inverted (6.9% and 2.3% for fast and slow scan rates, respectively).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14059
|
{
"text": [
"13.27%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.09.004
|
After bending at r=10 mm, 7 mm and 4 mm, the PCE values were 15.58%, 13.27% and 4.41%, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
1156
|
{
"text": [
"0.16 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA12603J
|
After the sintering process, the TiO2 photoanode was controlled at an active area of 0.16 cm2, and immersed in 5 × 10−4 M N719 dye solution at room temperature for 24 h.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
60709
|
{
"text": [
"10"
],
"answer_start": [
413
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.06.002
|
This suggest that the enhancement in the solar cell performance upon the introduction of the TiO2 nano-fillers in the polymer electrolyte is due to the improved ion conductivity, light scattering and enhancement in the electron lifetime.We have investigated the ionic conductivity of the polymer electrolyte with and without TiO2 nano-particles in it as a function of temperature ranging from room temperature to 100 °C.
|
What is TiO2?
|
32196
|
{
"text": [
"AZO"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.044
|
Further increasing the perovskite film thickness on FTO substrate will further increase photo current as well as PCE of FTO based compact-layer free solar cell device, which means FTO may be a better choice for compact-layer free perovskite solar cell.Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at The cross-section SEM images of ITO/CH3NH3PbI3, AZO/CH3NH3PbI3 and FTO/CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films.
|
What is ITO?
|
10570
|
{
"text": [
"15.17%"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
}
|
10.1039/C5CP03934G
|
Highly reproducible PCEs of PVK SCs with an average value of 12% and a maximum value of 15.17% were achieved in the PH structure.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20308
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.09.040
|
The solar cell's photoelectric conversion capability is the most direct method of measuring cell performance, using the Keithley 2420 source measurement unit under AM 1.5G illuminations at 100mWcm−2 provided by the Oriel Sol 3 A solar simulator at room temperature.
|
What is the value of solar?
|
3772
|
{
"text": [
"0.47 V"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.052
|
The optimized CdSTF-TiO2 achieved a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 14.87 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.47 V and fill factor (FF) of 39%, yielding a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.7%, which is considerably higher than CdSNPs-TiO2 with 3.78 mA/cm2, 0.6 V, FF of 38%, and 0.86% PCE.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
25051
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.04.042
|
The solution was spin-coated on an FTO glass substrate at 4000 rpm for 30 s.
|
What is ?
|
7378
|
{
"text": [
"6.412%"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.03.012
|
Among the three kinds of phosphates-PEDOT composite CEs, the PEDOT-Ni3(PO4)2-50 film electrode achieves an outstanding PCE (6.412%), which is on par with the conventional Pt-sputtering CE (6.307%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
24377
|
{
"text": [
"21.31mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.08.039
|
The PSCs based on the TiO2 modified by PC61BM showed a Voc of 0.99V, a Jsc of 21.31mA/cm2, an FF of 0.69, and an overall PCE of 14.56%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
11249
|
{
"text": [
"6.73%"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2018.12.037
|
Furthermore, DSCs based on Co-Ni-Se CEs generate a remarkable PCE of 7.38%, higher than that with Pt CE (6.73%), making them promising catalytic materials for DSCs.Nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2·6H2O, AR), ethanol (AR), selenium oxide (SeO2, AR), potassium chloride (KCl, AR), acetone (AR), and cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2·6H2O, AR) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd of China.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
53093
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
}
|
10.1039/C7CC05480G
|
Using the CQDs-CoSe CE for solar cell application, the high potential drop at the photoanode promotes electrons to transfer along percolating TiO2 pathways, therefore increasing the Voc values.
|
What is photoanode?
|
62795
|
{
"text": [
"350mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2009.04.019
|
The photovoltaic properties of the DSSCs were measured on a programmable electrometer with current and voltage sources (Keithley 2400) under the illumination of a 350mW/cm2 solar light from an AM1.5 solar simulator (NewPort Oriel 96000, Solar simulator).
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
59832
|
{
"text": [
"10.06%"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
}
|
10.1039/C0EE00767F
|
As summarized in Table 2, the device performances of porphyrins in this series show an order LD4 > LD3p > LD2 > LD3a > LD1, for which the best dye LD4 features JSC/mA cm−2 = 19.627, VOC/V = 0.711 and FF = 0.721, with overall efficiency η = 10.06% of power conversion, which outperforms that of a N719-based DSSC fabricated using the same working and counter electrodes.As mentioned before, the anthracene substituent has effective π-conjugation to red-shift and to broaden the UV-visible absorption bands for porphyrin LD3a, but the performance of the LD3a device was worse than that of LD3p and even the LD2 cell.
|
What is the value of η?
|
69300
|
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.02.017
|
The band energy diagram at equilibrium of the n-i-p PSC with the structure: FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3IPb3-Perovskite/CuSCN/Au, is presented in The resulting output parameters in case of TiO2 as ETL are: Voc=1.27V,Jsc=21.89mA/cm2, FF=84.04% and η=23.36%.
|
What is FTO?
|
5599
|
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
}
|
10.1039/C7CC08985F
|
Obviously, two more triphenylamine arms on the carbazole groups can have an obvious impact on absorption and the energy levels.In order to evaluate the hole mobility of the two HTMs, a hole-only device with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/HTM/Au is fabricated by using a space charge limited current (SCLC) method, and J–V characteristics are studied in the dark.
|
What is ?
|
20558
|
{
"text": [
"10.47%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
}
|
10.1039/C4NR06645F
|
In addition, the PCEs for DAPI-N719/TiO2 and H33342-N719/TiO2 were determined to be 10.49% and 10.47%, respectively, under the fully optimized conditions with a nanocrystalline transparent TiO2 (20 nm) film (thicknesses of ca.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
74818
|
{
"text": [
"4.67%"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.08.069
|
As depicted in , the PSC with high-temperature sintered c-TiO2 ETL only has a Voc of 1.394V, a Jsc of 4.93mAcm−2, and a FF of 0.68, yielding a PCE of 4.67% under reverse scan, which is lower than that of a-Nb2O5-based cell (5.12%) or c-Nb2O5-based cell (5.74%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
4539
|
{
"text": [
"ZnO"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA05644B
|
The fast dye adsorption process appears to be more advantageous as the ZnO-nanorod-array film becomes thicker because dye molecules can readily penetrate into the depth of the ZnO film in a very short time, during which the formation of the Zn2+/dye complex is suppressed.This work was supported by the National Major Research Program of China (2013CB932602), the Major Project of International Cooperation and Exchanges (2012DFA50990), NSFC (51172022, 51232001, and 51372020), the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities, the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project, the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities, and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University.
|
What is ?
|
68175
|
{
"text": [
"3.74%"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.03.029
|
Meanwhile, the performance of the DSSC based on a CESM/FTO CE (η=3.74%, VOC=0.73V, JSC=8.74mAcm−2) was markedly poorer than that with a CESM-CuInS2 CE.
|
What is the value of η?
|
29522
|
{
"text": [
"4.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2013.05.029
|
As a result of these variations of Jsc, Voc, and FF with different film thicknesses, a PCE of ∼4.5% was achieved with a film thickness of 60 nm.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
44316
|
{
"text": [
"74.72%"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.11.042
|
In comparison with the single D-π-A dyes CVHTC, CVHTP, the unoptimized DSSCs based on CVTC-H-CVTP shows PCE of 3.20%, Jsc of 6.51mAcm−2, Voc of 0.66V, FF of 74.72%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
35189
|
{
"text": [
"0.66V"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2018.12.037
|
In particular, the DSC based on Co-Ni-Se-1:1 CE achieves a respectable PCE of 7.38% (Voc=0.65V, Jsc=17.46mAcm−2, and FF=0.65), which is larger than that of the DSC based on Pt CE (PCE=6.73%, Voc=0.66V, Jsc=15.21mAcm−2, and FF=0.67).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
53089
|
{
"text": [
"14.78 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
}
|
10.1016/j.partic.2010.08.013
|
In the electrode, the mesoporous TiO2 film enhanced both dye adsorption and light-harvest, to increase photocurrent (Jsc) from 12.32 to 14.78 mA/cm2.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
54668
|
{
"text": [
"3.78%"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
}
|
10.1039/C5CS00831J
|
further boosted the PCE to 3.78% and developed OPVs on the flexible plastic substrate by adopting the low-temperature solution-processed ZnO EEL.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
75313
|
{
"text": [
"54.80%"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
}
|
10.1039/C9CP01032G
|
The co-sensitized devices with DTP, i.e.N3 + DTP (η = 5.44% JSC = 14.25 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.62 V, and FF = 61.21%), and DTB, i.e.N3 + DTB (η = 5.43%, JSC = 13.13 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.61 V, and FF = 67.94%), showed a slightly higher PCE than the N3 dye alone (η = 5.39%, JSC = 14.39 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.60 V, and FF = 61.98%) whereas with DTNi.e., N3 + DTN (η = 5.32%, JSC = 14.63 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.66 V, and FF = 54.80%), it showed a lower PCE.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
69951
|
{
"text": [
"7.58%"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA00053F
|
As a result, η is increased to 7.58%, a 14% improvement compared with single-N doped TiO2.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted increasing interest since they were reported by Grätzel and co-workers because of their excellent photo-electrical conversion efficiency and the potential to replace commercial solar cells based on silicon.
|
What is the value of η?
|
73680
|
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
193
]
}
|
10.1039/C4MH00236A
|
PEDOT:PSS, NiO, CuSCN, graphene oxide and polythiophene) was coated on a conductive glass, have been widely studied with the highest PCEs of 19.3% (ITO/PEIE/bl-TiO2(Y)/MAPbI3−xClx/spiro-OMeTAD/Au) and 16.31% (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/PC70BM/Ca/Al), respectively.
|
What is ITO?
|
13173
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
}
|
10.1039/C1EE01646F
|
Then a dye-coated TiO2 film electrode is prepared by immersing the TiO2 film in a 3 × 10−4 M ethanol solution of N719 dye (Bu4N)2[Ru(dcbpyH)2(NCS)2] (Bu4N = tetrabutylammonium and dcbpy = dicarboxylbipyridine) (Solaronix Co., Ltd., Switzerland) for 15 h.
|
What is ?
|
75545
|
{
"text": [
"1.17%"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2013.07.013
|
thus clearly shows that the Rct2 values are much smaller in the case of the DSSCs with ZnO@TiO2-NWs, compared to those of the cells with pristine ZnO-NWs; these results are in consistency with the higher values of VOC, FF and η of the DSSCs with ZnO@TiO2-NWs, than those of the cells with pristine ZnO-NWs ( that the optimal sensitization time is 15 min for ZnO-NWs, corresponding to an efficiency of 0.75%, and the optimal sensitization time is 30 min for ZnO@TiO2-NWs, corresponding to an efficiency of 1.17%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
50728
|
{
"text": [
"14.88%"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jcou.2019.04.001
|
However, for the He plasma-treated ETL-based PSCs, the PCE is slightly degraded to 14.88% with a VOC of 1.10 V, a JSC of 18.86 mA/cm2, and a FF of 71.7%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
9582
|
{
"text": [
"5.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
}
|
10.1039/C5RA27434F
|
A significantly promotion of average PCE value from 5.1% to 6.4% of the inverted planar perovskite solar cells under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation (100 mW cm−2) has been achieved.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
18719
|
{
"text": [
"72.90%"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
}
|
10.1039/C8NR08295B
|
The PSCs made of pristine MAPbI3 films show a PCE of 17.59% for reverse scan with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 21.88 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.103 V and a fill factor (FF) of 72.90% (Table 1), while the PSCs based on CQD (0.02 mg mL−1) modified MAPbI3 films show an increased PCE of 18.22%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
16287
|
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.09.039
|
The HOMO energies are lower than the redox potential of I−/I3− (ranging from −6.252 to −6.395eV in DMF) indicating that the oxidized dyes can be effectively regenerated by the redox couple.
|
What is redox couple?
|
44783
|
{
"text": [
"4.78%"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.07.049
|
They were then employed as the sensitizer in organic dye-sensitized solar cells to achieve the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.78% under AM 1.5 conditions.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
32880
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
}
|
10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.07.049
|
A 300W Xe-lamp was used as light source to give 100mWcm−2 irradiance.Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on the asymmetric ZnPc derivatives within the framework of the DFT method at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level, which has been proved to be suitable for calculating the molecular orbitals (MO) of ZnPc derivatives Photoelectrode was prepared by a doctor-blade technique on a conducting glass (FTO, 15–20 Ω/sq), which was rinsed with distilled water and fully soaked in isopropanol for 3h to get rid of surface dirt and increase its hydrophilicity before use.
|
What is the value of irradiance?
|
24087
|
{
"text": [
"5.6 ± 0.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.09.215
|
C2 devices gained the champion average PCE of 5.6 ± 0.2%, while C3 and C4 devices possessed higher VOC.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
9424
|
{
"text": [
"0.96 V"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
}
|
10.1039/C8RA02637H
|
With pristine ZnO, the devices yielded PCE of 11.7%, JSC of 21.1 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.96 V and FF of 0.58.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
14692
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.05.037
|
During the measurements, the incident light intensity and the active cell area were controlled at 100mWcm−2 (AM 1.5) and 0.16cm2, respectively.
|
What is the value of light intensity?
|
45347
|
{
"text": [
"12 h"
],
"answer_start": [
6
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.073
|
After 12 h dye loading time certain fraction of dye molecules did not undergo photoexcitation and hence, could not contribute to current generated by the cells due to a physical limitation wherein the photon is not absorbed and dye molecules exist in the ground state The DSSC prepared with TO125 sample having dye adsorption time 12 h exhibits the highest PCE of 1.16% with Jsc of 8.17 mA/cm2, Voc of 0.42 V and τe of 0.50 ms.Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at
|
What is the value of time?
|
38123
|
{
"text": [
"1 Sun"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2011.11.017
|
The photoelectrochemical properties of the DSSC were studied by recording the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics under illumination of AM1.5 (1 Sun; 100 mW/cm2) by using a solar simulator (Yamashita Denso).
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
34110
|
{
"text": [
"59.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.008
|
The best cell performance of a device incorporating HTM-2 (PCE=12.0%; Jsc=19.4mAcm−2; Voc=0.94V; FF=65.6%) was superior to that of the corresponding PEDOT:PSS–based cell (PCE=9.9%; Jsc=18.1mAcm−2; Voc=0.92V; FF=59.7%).
|
What is the value of FF?
|
6841
|
{
"text": [
"1.04 V"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA08503J
|
The device based on WY-1 (41) exhibited the highest PCE of 14.20% (JSC = 19.48 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.05 V, and FF = 0.69), which was very close to spiro-OMeTAD (PCE = 14.84%, JSC = 19.20 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.04 V, and FF = 0.74).
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
14482
|
{
"text": [
"62.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
}
|
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.10.089
|
Cell-P25 demonstrates a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 12.65 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 754 mV and FF of 62.8%, which gives rise to a PCE of 5.99%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
38060
|
{
"text": [
"504 h"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2013.12.013
|
After heating for 504 h, the relationship between the MK-2 and MK-94 cells, except the Z-907 cell, agreed with the relationships in the ΔVoc and the electron lifetime vs.
|
What is the value of time?
|
44700
|
{
"text": [
"14"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2016.10.135
|
TiO2 P90 (14 nm) and P25 (21 nm) were purchased from AEROXIDE and these products were used for preparation of photo-electrode layer without any purification.For preparation of the gel polymer electrolytes, the materials need to be mixed by continuously stirring and heating for better dissolution and gelatinization purpose.
|
What is TiO2?
|
32608
|
{
"text": [
"8.50%"
],
"answer_start": [
369
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.042
|
Fabrication of highly dispersed ultrafine Co9S8 nanoparticles on carbon nanofibers as low-cost counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cellsCo9S8/CNFs composite has been fabricated via an electrospinning, calcination, and hydrothermal reaction as efficient counter electrode, exhibiting comparable photovoltaic performances (PCE=8.37%) with that using Pt as CE (PCE=8.50%).Platinum is the most commonly used dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) counter electrode (CE) due to its superior electrocatalytic activity and high transparency.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
33755
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.07.082
|
Jsc is believed to be dependent on the accumulative electron amount on CB of TiO2 nanocrystals c.
|
What is ?
|
24720
|
{
"text": [
"15.58%"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
}
|
10.1039/C9CS00059C
|
Consequently, Pd-1b/PSC displayed improved PCE (16.28%) with respect to Cu-1b (15.58%), and with better moisture stability (stressed from 40% to 100% of relative humidity conditions).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
13706
|
{
"text": [
"8.54%"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
}
|
10.1039/C5CP01534K
|
The TiO2–SnO2 MSC-based PSCs attained up to 8.54% PCE, with a short-circuit photocurrent (JSC) of 17.16 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.802 V and fill factor (FF) of 0.621, whereas the pristine (i.e., without TiCl4 treatment) SnO2 MSC-based device only presented a 3.76% PCE with a JSC of 10.94 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.546 V and FF of 0.633.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20436
|
{
"text": [
"20.58mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jmst.2014.03.010
|
The highest Jsc and η are achieved for DSSCs based on 1% Nb–TiO2 (Jsc=20.58mAcm−2, η=8.53%) powder electrode.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
55851
|
{
"text": [
"143 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jcis.2016.11.037
|
The PCE of device D was the best among these devices; reaching 0.200% (Voc= 143 mV; Jsc= 3.84 mA cm−2; and FF = 0.36).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
30190
|
{
"text": [
"1.06 V"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.11.008
|
The device with 5.5 nm C60 achieves a PCE of 14.9% with a Voc of 1.06 V, a Jsc of 18.3 mA/cm2, and an FF of 77.0%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
8634
|
{
"text": [
"12.94mA·cm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2019.05.034
|
A maximum power conversion efficiency of 5.10% and Jsc of 12.94mA·cm−2 was obtained with ZZS photoanode.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
37929
|
{
"text": [
"ZnO"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA04851C
|
The electron mobility of the doped PC61BM films was tested in the electron-only device of ITO/ZnO (20 nm)/PC61BM or doped PC61BM/Ca (20 nm)/Al (80 nm) by recording dark current–voltage through applying sufficient voltage to form the space charge limited (SCLC) current.
|
What is ITO?
|
12183
|
{
"text": [
"7.28%"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2018.08.052
|
However, in the case of aerosol coating performed for 60min, the resulting MDA, Jsc, and PCE of the DSSCs were considerably increased to 15.55×10−6molcm−2, 15.54mAcm−2, and 7.28%, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
24715
|
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
220
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.036
|
Although the HOMO levels of doped PCBM are shifted slightly upwards, they are still deep enough for hole blocking from the perovskite layer (valence band = −5.43 eV) Inverted PSCs with the configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CH3NH3PbI3/PCBM + salts/Ag were fabricated.
|
What is perovskite?
|
10446
|
{
"text": [
"5.98 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2016.06.011
|
The CBZ:IPA=2:2 mixed-solvent treated CH3NH3PbI3−xClx device exhibits the best performance with Jsc of 16.16 mA/cm2, Voc of 0.86 V, FF of 66.0% and PCE of 9.2% by reverse scan and Jsc of 15.98 mA/cm2, Voc of 0.86 V, FF of 65.6% and PCE of 9.0% by forward scan.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
7146
|
{
"text": [
"7.30%"
],
"answer_start": [
188
]
}
|
10.1039/C2DT30697B
|
The DSSC based on the SPS-01 sensitizer with 20 μm thick transparent nanocrystalline TiO2 layer produced an overall PCE of 7.96% which is higher than the DSSC based on an N719 sensitizer (7.30%), under identical conditions.2-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridine (149.76 mg, 0.70 mmol) and [Ru(4,4′-bis(p-methylcarboxystyryl)-2,2′-bipyridine)(p-cymene)Cl]·Cl (250 mg, 0.33 mmol) were dissolved in 2-methoxyethanol (30 mL), and the reaction mixture was heated to 130 °C under stirring for 12 h.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
67119
|
{
"text": [
"0.137V"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.12.042
|
Among the dyes investigated, the p-DSSC sensitized by EH174 with a bithiophene π-linker and with one anchoring group exhibits the highest power conversion efficiency of 0.207% with a Jsc of 4.84mAcm−2, a Voc of 0.137V and a fill factor of 0.312.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
45365
|
{
"text": [
"16.31%"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA03674C
|
Extending the solvent annealing time did not further improve the efficiency.The I–V and IPCE curves of the champion (highest efficiency) cell (η = 16.31%) are displayed in Fig.
|
What is the value of η?
|
14602
|
{
"text": [
"5.59%"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA05373K
|
When x increased to 0.45, the PCE increased by 46% from 5.59% to 8.16%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
16130
|
{
"text": [
"0.665 V"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
}
|
10.1039/C8NJ00927A
|
As a result, P3 showed a slightly higher VOC of 0.671 V than NCSU-10 (0.665 V).
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
61615
|
{
"text": [
"926mV"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.104
|
An average Voc of 926mV, Jsc of 21.3mAcm−2, and FF of 59.0% are observed, corresponding to a PCE of 11.6%, which is enhanced by 14.9% compared with the pristine perovskite solar cells with an average PCE of 10.1%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
548
|
{
"text": [
"8.70%"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TC01715K
|
In a cobalt redox system, the Mo2C-Ms CE based device yielded a high PCE of 8.70%, practically enabling the replacement of Pt.This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
60299
|
{
"text": [
"0.77 V"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2006.03.034
|
Among these different types of coated materials, P2P1 shows better efficiency than all the other TiO2 electrode materials (the short-circuit current density (Jsc) is 14.44 mA/cm2 and the open-circuit potential (Voc) is 0.77 V with the cell efficiency η (%) of 5.31).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
54894
|
{
"text": [
"11.45mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.035
|
However, cell-2 displays a lower Jsc value of 9.11mAcm−2 than the Jsc value of 11.45mAcm−2 for cell-1.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48351
|
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