answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"965 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA06458A
|
The NiO-NS based PVSC device exhibits an increased PCE of 14.2% with a JSC of 20.4 mA cm−2 and a VOC of 965 mV.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
15571
|
{
"text": [
"7.66%"
],
"answer_start": [
381
]
}
|
10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.10.004
|
Transparent PEDOT and PProDOT CEs were also applied in both flexible or bifacial DSSCs, that can absorb incident photons from both sides of the DSSC, leading to enhanced light absorption Compared to the Pt electrode, a porous PPy film coated on a FTO substrate exhibited smaller charge transfer resistance (Rct), higher catalytic activity for I3− reduction and a higher PCE value (7.66% vs.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
31195
|
{
"text": [
"7.01%"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.034
|
It can be seen that when the NDG electrode is employed as the counter electrode in DSCs, the cell exhibits a Voc of 0.695 V, Jsc of 15.76 mA cm−2, FF of 0.64, and η of 7.01%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
50038
|
{
"text": [
"0.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA01286K
|
Under the adsorption conditions of 0.1 mM dye and 5 mM CDCA, the Jsc, Voc and η values for DSSCs with CDCA are 1.56 mA cm−2, 456 mV and 0.36% for YM-1, 1.46 mA cm−2, 448 mV and 0.32% for YM-2 and 0.82 mA cm−2, 328 mV and 0.13% for YM-3, respectively (Table 1).Thus, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis was performed to study the electron recombination process in DSSCs based on these three dyes under −0.6 V bias applied voltage in the dark.
|
What is the value of η?
|
71195
|
{
"text": [
"15.22%"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
}
|
10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.116197
|
Furthermore, the PSC containing 2,2’-BiPy shows slightly reduced hysteresis in the current−voltage curves with a PCE of 15.22% under forward scan direction, whilst 14.5% for the reference device.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
9174
|
{
"text": [
"Silver"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.02.056
|
Silver paint was used to serve as contact electrodes for IV characterization.Thin film X-ray diffraction data for synthesized nanoparticles and screen-printed films were collected using a Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation in the 2θ range of 10° to 70°.
|
What is electrodes?
|
1320
|
{
"text": [
"3.23%"
],
"answer_start": [
192
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.01.004
|
Furthermore, increasing the length of the conjugated spacer also affects on the properties of the DSSCs, with dye 7 providing a higher power conversion efficiency compared to 6 (η=4.49 versus 3.23%).Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are attracting significant academic and commercial interest as possible lower-cost alternatives to conventional solid-state photovoltaic devices In this study, we report the facile synthesis of two organic dyes (6 and 7, ), which can be conveniently prepared in two steps from commercially available thiophene derivatives 1 and 2 and alkyne 3.
|
What is the value of η?
|
27773
|
{
"text": [
"1.26%"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA03999H
|
On the other hand, when the adsorption amount of the dye adsorbed on TiO2 electrode is high (3.0 × 1016 molecules per cm2 for OUK-1 and 3.3 × 1016 molecules per cm2 for OUK-2), the Jsc (4.14 mA cm−2), η values (1.26%) and maximum IPCE value (50% at 420 nm) for OUK-2 are moderately increased compared with those of low adsorption amount of the dye.
|
What is the value of η?
|
70697
|
{
"text": [
"titanium dioxide"
],
"answer_start": [
278
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cej.2018.09.116
|
Additionally, the Pt CE was gained via annealing an isopropanol solution (0.02M hexachloroplatinic acid) loaded FTO glass in air atmosphere at 450°C for 30min A DSSC structure contained an I−/I3− electrolyte, a CE and a photoanode, which was made by covering a transparent nano titanium dioxide layers (particle size: 20nm; film thickness: ∼16μm) on the FTO glass using the screen-printing method, according to our previous report As for HER, a three-electrode equipment was used, containing a cylindrical graphite rod CE, an Ag/AgCl reference electrode (saturated KCl solution, RE) and a electrocatalyst-loaded glass carbon working electrode (0.15cm in radius, WE) The microtopography and structures of all samples could be tested via a field-mission scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi, S-4800) allocated with an energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).
|
What is photoanode?
|
31325
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
559
]
}
|
10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.045
|
The threshold energy for the photoelectron emission was estimated on the basis of the cubic root of the photoelectron yield plotted against the incident photon energy (see the Absorption and PL spectra of the neat and blend films were measured at room temperature with a spectrophotometer (Hitachi UV-3500) and a fluorescence spectrophotometer (Hitachi F-4500), respectively.Current density–voltage (J–V) characteristics were measured with a DC voltage and current source/monitor (Advantest R6243) in the dark and under AM1.5G simulated solar illumination at 100mWcm−2.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
38043
|
{
"text": [
"0.19%"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1039/C4CS00309H
|
Amongst the investigated dyes, betaxanthin-based DSSC has shown the best η (0.19%), while betanin and melanin have lower η (η = 0.07% and η = 0.05%, respectively).
|
What is the value of η?
|
65006
|
{
"text": [
"4.54%"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
}
|
10.1039/C2RA01326F
|
Under standard global AM 1.5 solar conditions, the WD-1 sensitized solar cell gave a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 9.2 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 625 mV, a fill factor (ff) of 0.79, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency η of 4.54%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
74008
|
{
"text": [
"8.72%"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.05.018
|
Meanwhile, TZC obtains Jsc of 20.2 mA cm−2,Voc of 0.84 V and FF of 0.51, leading to PCE of 8.72% (average values from 10 devices).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
590
|
{
"text": [
"2.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
}
|
10.1016/j.optmat.2018.03.056
|
The cell with TiO2 electrode sensitized by mixed dye gives short circuit current density (Jsc)=4.01mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (Voc)=0.67V, fill factor (FF)=0.60 and energy conversion efficiency (η) of 2.02%.The importance of creature is reliant on energy sources that are susceptible unless clean and renewable sources of energy are produced in the future.
|
What is the value of η?
|
41171
|
{
"text": [
"18.95%"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
}
|
10.1039/C9TA00551J
|
The SCOE-coated PSCs achieve a high current density of 23.70 mA cm−2 and a high PCE of 18.95%, which are increased by 9% and 14.15%, respectively, when compared to those of control devices (without an SCOE layer).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20625
|
{
"text": [
"7.48%"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
}
|
10.1039/C7SE00362E
|
The co-sensitized Y1 + TP2A + HSQ4 based DSSCs showed a new optimal efficiency (η) of 7.48%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
62660
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.01.012
|
Furthermore, the onsets of IPCE spectra for the three dyes are significantly broadened compared to their absorption spectra in solution, which is observed for other dyes Photovoltaic performances of the TPAC1, TPAR2 and TPACR2 sensitized TiO2 film electrodes with a liquid electrolyte are listed in under AM 1.5 solar simulator illumination (100mWcm−2), and the corresponding photocurrent density (J)–voltage (V) curves for the DSSCs based on the three dyes are shown in .
|
What is the value of solar?
|
51007
|
{
"text": [
"7.78mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
299
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.09.009
|
DPP-I-sensitized cell gave a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 12.68mAcm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.568V and a fill factor (ff) of 0.61, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 4.41% and DPP-II-sensitized cell gave a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 7.78mAcm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.650V and a fill factor (ff) of 0.58, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 2.93%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
33053
|
{
"text": [
"1.43 Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
}
|
10.1039/C6RA18151A
|
Ni–Ni3Se2/graphene gave rise to a Rct value of 0.61 Ω, which was smaller than Pt (1.43 Ω) and graphene (4.8 Ω) CEs.
|
What is the value of Rct?
|
60240
|
{
"text": [
"10.30%"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
}
|
10.1039/C6CS00752J
|
The DSSC with Y123-sensitized, Co-mediated and PEDOT-based CE yielded the highest PCE of 10.30%, which is due to the fact that PEDOT dramatically reduces the interfacial charge-transfer resistance and the mass transport limitations, resulting in superior PCE values.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
66621
|
{
"text": [
"13.61%"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
}
|
10.1039/C8NR06095A
|
Moreover, the PCE of the bifacial perovskite photovoltaic device under 1 sun illumination from the FTO side (ITO side) is moderately reduced from 16.38% (14.72%) to 14.96% (13.61%) when the active area increases from 0.16 cm2 to 11.7 cm2, which is probably related to the uniformity of the preparation of each layer in this solar module.To evaluate the device stabilities, the CT based perovskite solar modules were illuminated under a wet environment (26 ± 2 °C, 70 ± 5 RH%) for more than 700 hours.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
19918
|
{
"text": [
"1000 W/m2"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.04.067
|
Complete DSC devices were tested under a solar simulator (SUN 2000, Abet Technologies, USA) at 1000 W/m2 AM 1.5 G illumination (calibrated with a standard silicon cell).The optimal precursor for the proposed process has to be compatible with the solvents used (terpineol and ethanol, the latter used for the powder impregnation in TZ2 ink) and have a negligible moisture sensitivity, in order not to be rapidly degraded.
|
What is the value of solar?
|
35408
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TC05640G
|
It is not only the porosity and the pore size that are influenced by the TiCl4 post-treatment, but also the recombination rate, electron transport rate within the TiO2 photoanode, trap state distribution, electron collection efficiency and the overall device performance are affected.We acknowledge the financial support from the SSSTC (Sino-Swiss Science and Technology Corporation), from the Balzan foundation as part of the 2009 Balzan Prize awarded to Prof.
|
What is photoanode?
|
76089
|
{
"text": [
"32%"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TC03874C
|
The study included electrodes with one screen-printed layer of Solaronix NiO paste and a sintering temperature of 350 °C, leading to values of JSC = 1.57 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) = 93 mV, fill-factor (ff) = 32%, and η = 0.047%.
|
What is the value of ff?
|
76459
|
{
"text": [
"2.622%"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.07.133
|
The η raises from 1.826% to 2.622%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
41874
|
{
"text": [
"3.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
}
|
10.1016/j.elecom.2010.05.026
|
For low-temperature sintering, the hybrid DSC provides a η value of 3.8% (curve a).
|
What is the value of η?
|
43169
|
{
"text": [
"0.760 V"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
}
|
10.1039/C6RA04022E
|
However, all the key parameters of DSSCs based on TiO2/ZnO composite photoanodes sample PTZ1 improved (Jsc = 15.32 cm−2; Voc = 0.760 V; FF = 0.65), which resulted in a 7.57% enhanced overall conversion efficiency (η).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
65561
|
{
"text": [
"13.16mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.01.012
|
The TPACR2 sensitized cell gave an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 4.64% with a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 13.16mAcm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 534mV and a fill factor (FF) of 0.66.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
51013
|
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.09.011
|
Therefore, light intensity dependent J-V measurements with illumination intensities ranging from 100mW/cm2 down to 0.3mW/cm2 are applied to study the recombination processes within one-step and two-step PVSCs, respectively.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
11783
|
{
"text": [
"6.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
}
|
10.1016/j.optmat.2018.04.059
|
Therefore, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of prepared SnO2@SWCNTs@RGO nanocomposite CE attained of (6.1%) in DSSCs which is equivalent to the value (6.2%) which attained to the value (6.2%) with pure Pt CE as a reference.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
48935
|
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA08799J
|
The molar ratio of CH(NH2)2I, CH3NH3I and CH3NH3Br was maintained at 0.66:0.19:0.15.The ITO coated glass was cleaned with ultrasonic baths of detergent, deionized water, acetone, and isopropanol each for 10 minutes.
|
What is ?
|
14420
|
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
597
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2019.110029
|
The absorption spectra of the films were conducted on a UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer Lamba 750), and Raman micro-spectroscopy was performed using the WITec Alpha300 system (Germany) using a 532-nm laser for excitation.Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the films deposited on FTO substrates were acquired in reflectance mode through a diamond crystal using FTIR-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) thermo scientific, Nicolet 6700 /Smart iTR spectrometer.The devices were measured at a scanning rate of about 100mV/s by using Keysight B2901A under AM1.5G illumination at 100mW/cm2 of a solar simulator (SLB 300A, Ocean Optics Inc.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
10215
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
}
|
10.1016/j.renene.2013.10.033
|
The photocurrent–voltage characteristics of DSCs were measured on Keithley 2400 Source Meter under irradiation of 450W Xe lamp equipped with an AM 1.5G filter at the light intensity of 100mWcm−2.The composition of rice husk is complicated, so the process of preparing porous carbon consists of precarbonization, leaching and activation processes.
|
What is the value of light intensity of?
|
55045
|
{
"text": [
"0.69 V"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ica.2012.09.017
|
Under standard global AM 1.5 solar condition, the JJ-95 and JJ-99 sensitized cell gave a short circuit Photocurrent density (Jsc) of 17.10 and 18.89 mAcm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.66 V and a fill factor of 0.69, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiencies η of 7.90% and 8.76%, respectively.Under the same condition, the N719 sensitized cell gave a Jsc of 16.86 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.69 V and a fill factor of 0.69, corresponding to η of 8.19%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
30772
|
{
"text": [
"0.94 V"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2016.02.016
|
As a result, a champion PCE of 12.55% was obtained with a Jsc of 19.35 mA/cm2, a Voc of 0.94 V and an FF of 0.69 under AM 1.5 solar illumination and 100 mW/cm2.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
7225
|
{
"text": [
"0.92V"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1016/j.spmi.2017.07.009
|
By comparison, for other samples S2.5, S5.0, S7.5, S10, the VOC were 0.91V, 0.92V, 0.95V, 0.98V, the Jsc were 17.1mAcm−2, 17.3mAcm−2, 18.1mAcm−2, 16.8mAcm−2, the FF were 63.7%, 64.0%, 64.2%, 63.7% and PCE were 9.9%,10.2%,11%, 10.5%, respectively, as shown in .
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
1772
|
{
"text": [
"5.14%"
],
"answer_start": [
287
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.10.008
|
The cell with GD–PEDOT:PSS CEs shows the best performance with a cell efficiency (η) of 7.36%, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 718 mV, a fill factor (FF) of 0.70, and a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 14.70 mA cm−2; this η is much higher than that of the cell with PEDOT:PSS CE (5.14%).
|
What is the value of η?
|
27283
|
{
"text": [
"15.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2017.07.065
|
The maximum PCE value of 15.6% obtained for the100 mM TiCl4–treated cell is approximately 1.25 times greater than that of the untreated cell, 12.4%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
6996
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA04051E
|
For the conventional one-step solution deposition, the CH3NH3PbI3/DMF solution was spin-coated onto the m-TiO2/c-TiO2/FTO substrate at 2500 r.p.m.
|
What is substrate?
|
22963
|
{
"text": [
"15.74%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
}
|
10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.06.011
|
An increase in PCE values from 13.34% to 15.74% was achieved with the optimal concentration of DMSO.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
10004
|
{
"text": [
"0.78 V"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.06.007
|
The open circuit voltage Voc was also promoted to 0.78 V, which could be explained by the following Formula The Voc has a positively proportional relationship with the improved Rrec as well as te, therefore, Voc value of the coated flexible DSSCs was also improved.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
41661
|
{
"text": [
"12.84%"
],
"answer_start": [
182
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2017.08.027
|
The p-PSCs based on bare c-TiO2 (Al-0%) exhibited a short-circuit density (Jsc)=20.76mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (Voc)=0.97V, and a fill factor (FF)=63.76%, yielding an overall PCE=12.84%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
12028
|
{
"text": [
"7.28 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.08.002
|
The maximum photovoltaic performance of the flexible quasi-solid-state DSSCs was obtained with the porous PVdF-HFP/P123 electrolyte membrane having 50 wt% P123 content, giving a Jsc of 7.28 mA/cm2, a Voc of 0.67 V, a FF of 0.61 and a η of 2.98% performance.The DSSC with conventional liquid-state electrolytes leads to many problems that can limit the photovoltaic performance in long-term operation such as solvent leakage, evaporation and corrosion of the Pt counter electrode.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
29459
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.03.082
|
These results imply that the F-doped TiO2 dense layer could serve as a promising blocking layer for fabricating high-performance DSSCs.F-doped TiO2 dense layers were deposited onto FTO glass substrates by the hydrolysis of of TiCl4 with 10 at% of NH4F for use as a blocking layer.
|
What is substrate?
|
44556
|
{
"text": [
"2.28 V"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
}
|
10.1039/C4CC09888A
|
5), presenting complementary absorption spectra, were stacked under optimized thicknesses, and an outstanding VOC of 2.28 V was observed, yielding an excellent PCE of 11.5%, which exceeds the record efficiency of a double-junction device.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
61640
|
{
"text": [
"4.01%"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
}
|
10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.06.006
|
Jsc of 8.61 mA cm− 2 and Voc of 695 mV were obtained, which estimates the efficiency up to 4.01%.
|
What is the value of efficiency?
|
26840
|
{
"text": [
"1.05 V"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA06925E
|
When NiOx was replaced with PEDOT:PSS, the device shows a much lower efficiency of 7.84%, with a lower Voc of 1.05 V, FF of 67.76% and Jsc of 11.23 mA cm−2.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
17973
|
{
"text": [
"500 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
}
|
10.1039/B712439B
|
Among the three cyanine dyes, Cy3 generated the highest photoelectric conversion yield of 4.80% (Jsc = 14.5 mA cm–2, Voc = 500 mV, FF = 0.49) under illumination with 75 mW cm–2 white light from a Xe lamp.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are extensively studied as promising systems for photoelectric conversion, especially ruthenium complex-sensitized TiO2 solar cells.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
75804
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
306
]
}
|
10.1039/C6CP07386G
|
Consequently, this work provides useful knowledge of the molecular design of D–π–A dye sensitizers bearing a pyridyl group capable of controlling the dye-adsorption mode on the TiO2 electrode for DSSCs.The TiO2 paste (JGC Catalysts and Chemicals Ltd, PST-18NR) was deposited on a fluorine-doped-tin-oxide (FTO) substrate by doctor-blading, and sintered for 50 min at 450 °C.
|
What is substrate?
|
72913
|
{
"text": [
"542 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
560
]
}
|
10.1039/C6CP06513A
|
Moreover, the most important finding to be emphasized is that the totally unexpected result for DSSC based on OF-Py-Cat with both a pyridyl group and a catechol unit may be due to significantly faster back-electron transfer, in spite of the efficient electron injection from the pyridyl group to the CB of the TiO2 electrode.On the other hand, it is also worth mentioning here that the open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) values of DSSC based on OF-Cat-Cat (304 mV) and OF-Py-Cat (299 mV) with a catechol unit are much lower than in OF-Car-Car (480 mV), OF-Py-Py (542 mV) and OF-Py-Car (485 mV).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
69071
|
{
"text": [
"30"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.05.100
|
The short-circuit current density (Jsc) of TiO2/ZnO composite photoanodes with hollow TiO2 nanofibers fraction of 0, 2, 5, 10, and 15 wt.% are measured to be 8.83, 11.62, 12.30, 13.15, and 10.91 mA cm−2, respectively, and the corresponding overall power conversion efficiency (η) are 2.82%, 3.53%, 3.66%, 4.59%, and 3.98%, respectively.
|
What is ZnO?
|
57986
|
{
"text": [
"2.72 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.07.003
|
The dye1 cell gave a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 2.72 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) 550 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 46% with the illumination power (Pin) 30 mW/cm2, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 2.33%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
28880
|
{
"text": [
"7.80Ωcm2"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.05.305
|
When H2Pc was added into the perovskite crystal phase, the perovskite solar cell had a good performance with the photovoltaic parameters, Jsc of 14.2mAcm−2, Voc of 0.924V, FF of 0.616, η of 8.05%, ηave of 7.63%, Rs of 7.80Ωcm2 and Rsh of 440Ωcm2.
|
What is the value of Rs?
|
5104
|
{
"text": [
"0.561V"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2015.11.040
|
The overall conversion efficiency (η) of a DSSC is determined by the photocurrent density measured in the short circuit (JSC), open circuit photovoltage (VOC), fill factor of the cell (FF), and intensity of incident light (Pin) TPA3T3A produced a JSC of 14.6mA/cm2, a VOC of 0.598V, a FF of 61.55%, corresponding to a η of 5.27%, which was better than TPA3T1A (JSC=12.66mA/cm2, VOC=0.561V, FF=56.58%, η=4.01%) and TPA3T2A (JSC=12.84mA/cm2, VOC=0.583V, FF=61.29%, η=4.601%).
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
42360
|
{
"text": [
"7.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA09763K
|
Correspondingly, the quasi-solid-state DSSCs based on sensitizers FNE64, FNE65, FNE66, and FNE67 produced a Voc of 599, 622, 611, and 646 mV, respectively, and a FF of 69%, 73%, 68%, and 67%, respectively, corresponding to a η of 5.5%, 5.7%, 7.2%, and 6.2%, respectively.Generally, Voc is defined as the potential difference between the quasi-Fermi potential of electrons (EFermi) in the titania semiconductor and the redox potential (Eredox) of the electrolytes, which could be described by eqn (4):whereβ is a characteristic constant of the TiO2 tailing states, k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature, q is the elementary charge, and Ncb is the total number of conduction band states in the semiconductor, n is the number of electrons in the titania semiconductor.
|
What is the value of η?
|
69321
|
{
"text": [
"0.70 V"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.12.125
|
The modification of TiO2 surface with low concentration of doped-N (0.5 M) might help to increase the dye loading and to decrease dye aggregation Among the N-TNT cells, the PNTO-2 had the highest efficiency of 7.36% (Voc= 0.70 V,Jsc= 19.29 mA cm−2, FF= 54.9%) while the efficiency of undoped PTO cells was clearly smaller 4.75% (Voc= 0.71 V,Jsc= 10.36 mA cm−2, FF= 64.8%).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
42566
|
{
"text": [
"14.30 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
}
|
10.1016/j.matlet.2015.12.062
|
The DSSC based on NiCo2S4 counter-electrode shows a higher Jsc of 14.30 mA/cm2 than that of Pt-based DSSC(13.72 mA/cm2).
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
37576
|
{
"text": [
"0.68V"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2017.04.024
|
The WO3 cell achieved a PCE of 10.42%, a Voc of 0.68V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 23.94mA/cm2, and a FF of 0.64 when measured in a forward voltage scanning direction.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
1013
|
{
"text": [
"0.47 V"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.07.040
|
The DSSC fabricated with CDCA exhibits a high cell performance with a η of 1.09% (JSC= 4.37 mA cm−2;VOC= 0.47 V; FF = 0.53) exceed that of without CDCA (0.61%).
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
39177
|
{
"text": [
"6.45 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cplett.2013.01.043
|
The DSSC with AgNW–GNP3 hybrid CE having the GNP loading of 0.88 μg/cm2 showed the highest fill factor (FF) of 0.52 and a Jsc of 6.45 mA/cm2, a Voc of 0.55 V, and a photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.61%, which is comparable to using Pt–FTO electrode.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48602
|
{
"text": [
"6.23%"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA09656H
|
Accordingly, for the octahedron NiSe2/RGO, these parameters were Voc = 0.71 V, Jsc = 15.96 mA cm−2, FF = 0.55 and η = 6.23%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
77318
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.08.018
|
On excitation of the dye by the radiation, electrons are transferred from the highest occupied (HOMO) states to the lowest unoccupied (LUMO) states of the dye molecule and then injected into TiO2.
|
What is ?
|
58476
|
{
"text": [
"1 Sun"
],
"answer_start": [
519
]
}
|
10.1039/C8RA00347E
|
The details of E1 and E2 are given below.E1: DMPII (0.5 M)–LiI (0.1 M) – I2 (0.05 M)–GuNC (0.1 M)–4-tBP (0.5 M) in methoxypropionitrile (MPN).E2: DMPII (0.5 M)–LiI (0.1 M) – I2 (0.05 M)–GuNC (0.1 M)–4-tBP (0.5 M) in acetonitrile (AcN).The photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) measurement of the open structured test cells was conducted via a xenon arc solar simulator (PEC-L01, Peccell Inc., Japan) with an AM 1.5 spectral filter and a sourcemeter (2401N Keithley Instruments Inc.), its light intensity was maintained at 1 Sun condition (100 mW cm−2, AM 1.5 condition) using a calibrated mono-Sisolar cell.
|
What is the value of solar?
|
61431
|
{
"text": [
"70mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.06.054
|
A solar to electric energy conversion efficiency of 8.9% was observed for the BCDSSC fabricated with the PDSD doped PEO-PVdF/potassium iodide/iodine polymer electrolyte under an illumination of 70mWcm−2.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
25387
|
{
"text": [
"9.56%"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA05309E
|
Without the small amount of PS additives, that is, with pure PCBM as the electron transport layer, the cell achieved about 9.56% power conversion efficiency (PCE), with a short-circuit photocurrent (JSC) of 15.91 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.97 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.62.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
21462
|
{
"text": [
"20 s"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
}
|
10.1039/C5DT02587G
|
The perovskite solar cell with different loading times of 20 s, 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 30 min, 60 min, and 120 min showed a maximum PCE value of 8.90%, 11.65%, 12.83%, 13.34%, 13.21%, 13.42%, and 12.76%, respectively.
|
What is the value of time?
|
17654
|
{
"text": [
"0.70 V"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.014
|
As compared with the cell fabricated with electrolyte BIL, the enhanced Voc value (0.70 V vs.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
27417
|
{
"text": [
"10"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jssc.2012.02.026
|
Noteworthy is that the J–V characteristics of ZnO@TiO2 NAs electrodes are much better than that of pure ZnO NAs (please see (c)); ZnO@TiO2 NAs with 14 μm length has achieved a maximum efficiency up to 3.80% (Jsc=10.55 mA cm−2, Voc=0.59 V and FF=0.61), which is 2.6 times higher than that of pure ZnO NAs electrode (1.46%).
|
What is ZnO?
|
49378
|
{
"text": [
"0.85 V"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2013.05.029
|
The Voc values are similar until a film thickness of 60 nm is reached; then, they suddenly decrease from 0.89 to 0.85 V at a film thickness of 70 nm.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
44318
|
{
"text": [
"9.16mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
335
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107568
|
Under AM 1.5 simulated solar illumination, the cell based on NQX8 delivered a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 12.53mAcm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.64V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.67, resulting in an overall power conversion efficiency (η) of 5.41%, whereas the NQX9-based cell showed a lower Voc of 0.60V and Jsc of 9.16mAcm−2, resulting in a lower η of 3.83%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
49896
|
{
"text": [
"0.28 Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
}
|
10.1039/C2JM15182K
|
The Ti/TiC electrode had the smallest Rs of 1.83 Ω and Rct of 0.28 Ω, derived from the excellent electrical conductivity of the Ti foil, the firm bonding strength between the TiC and Ti foil, and the high catalytic activity of TiC.
|
What is the value of Rct?
|
71058
|
{
"text": [
"13.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2018.07.025
|
As a result, the perovskite solar cell using CF anti-solvent showed higher performance 14.2% PCE than those of other anti-solvents Tol, CB, DCB treatment 13.8%, 12.1%, 8.1% respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
1108
|
{
"text": [
"14.28%"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.083
|
Similarly, all those average performance parameters such as open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), and fill factor (FF) were improved by introducing CuPc(tBu)4 additive, and thus the average PCE value was increased from 14.28% to 16.04%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
3169
|
{
"text": [
"7.88%"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1039/C5NR00420A
|
The best solar cell was fabricated by the two step method with PbS QDs as an inorganic HTM, leading to a PCE of 7.88%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
22625
|
{
"text": [
"6.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
}
|
10.1039/C3NR02107F
|
Consequently, such cathode enhanced the energy conversion efficiency, η = (FF × JSC × VOC)/Pin, by ∼36.2% (from 4.41 to 6.01%), where FF is the fill factor (see eqn (4)), Pmax is the maximum electric output power density corresponding to Jmax and Vmax indicated in Fig.
|
What is the value of η?
|
65520
|
{
"text": [
"7.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA10988G
|
The corresponding bitriazolate derivatives TFRS-65 and 66 exhibited inferior overall efficiencies of η = 7.5 and 7.8% respectively, which is mainly attributed to their poor spectral overlap, as the onset of IPCE only starts at 750 nm for TFRS-64–66, being relatively blue shifted compared to that of more efficient bipyrazolate sensitizers TFRS-61–63 (810 nm).
|
What is the value of η?
|
76768
|
{
"text": [
"5.92mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2019.02.077
|
The DM2 dye exhibited relatively higher η of 4.33% in the series, attributable to high photocurrent density, JSC (9.27mAcm−2) and enhanced VOC (0.70V) compared to its congener MA2 with moderate η of 2.71% (JSC=5.92mAcm−2, VOC=0.64V).
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
36281
|
{
"text": [
"7.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
289
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2010.10.016
|
Compared to SD7 and SD8, the SD6-sensitized cell exhibited better photovoltaic performances with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 14.25 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.70 V, and a filled factor (FF) of 0.705, corresponding to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.03% (, it is clear that the photovoltaic performances of the DSSCs can be evidently affected by the dual-role moieties in the dye molecules.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
44173
|
{
"text": [
"0.15 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.02.206
|
The active area of the cell was approximately 0.15 cm2.X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed on a X-ray diffractometer (D8-Advance, Bruker, Germany) using Cu Ka radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å) at step size/time of 0.06°/s.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
9370
|
{
"text": [
"21.03mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.02.027
|
The ZnMe2Pc-based device exhibited a VOC of 1.005V, JSC of 21.03mA/cm2, and FF of 70.4%, yielding a PCE of 14.88%.
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
11868
|
{
"text": [
"0.68 V"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
}
|
10.1039/C1JM10107B
|
This trend appears to be consistent with both the lower Voc values of PSP-CN (0.58 V) and PSP-OCH3 (0.65 V), as well as the higher values of PSP–F (0.69 V) and PSP-CF3 (0.68 V).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
74892
|
{
"text": [
"580 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
897
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2015.11.051
|
Comparing with films deposited by laser ablation, one can be seen that there is a clear difference in the film morphology consisting in different porosities (generally larger than that of the ZnO thin films deposited by laser ablation) and different clusters.The open circuit photo-voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), maximum power (Pmax) delivered by the cell, fill factor (FF) and the overall conversion efficiency (ƞ) are reported in (results of the cells prepared with ZnO photoelectrode deposited by laser ablation) and in (results of the cells prepared with ZnO photoelectrode deposited by doctor blade).The maximum efficiency delivered by the cells and fill factor were calculated based on the formulas reported in The best value of the global efficiency of the cells prepared with photoelectrode prepared by laser ablation was 0.22% with an open circuit photo-voltage of 580 mV, 1.16 mA/cm2 short-circuit photo-current density and 0.24 mW the maximum power delivered by the cell.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
33191
|
{
"text": [
"2.59mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cap.2010.11.111
|
The power conversion efficiency η=0.71%, open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.66V, fill factor (FF) of 40.67% and short circuit photo-current density (Jsc) of 2.59mA/cm2.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
26879
|
{
"text": [
"71%"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA06152D
|
The control device based on pristine CH3NH3PbIxCl3−x has a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 18.67 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.95 V, a fill factor (FF) of 71%, and a resulting PCE of 12.59%, which are comparable with previously reported values.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
14431
|
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.027
|
F-doped SnO2 conducting glass substrate (FTO, Libby Owens Ford, 16 Ω/□) were cleaned with extra pure water and dried with condensed air.The 23-nm-diameter TiO2 nanocrystals were prepared using a hydrothermal method reported previously Infrared spectra were recorded by employing a Nicolet (impact 410) FT-IR spectrometer and the KBr disk method.
|
What is substrate?
|
41176
|
{
"text": [
"0.59 V"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.03.037
|
Under standard AM 1.5G 100 mW cm−2 illumination, the porphyrin 7-based solar cell gave a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 4.57 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.59 V, and a fill factor (ff) of 0.59, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 1.94%, while the porphyrin 6-based cell showed a lower Jsc of 2.62 mA cm−2 resulting in a lower conversion efficiency (η) of 1.13%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
58060
|
{
"text": [
"4.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
}
|
10.1016/j.inoche.2013.06.047
|
FT22- and FT61-sensitized cells containing electrolyte A afforded Jsc values of 7.4 and 15.2 mA cm− 2, Voc values of 0.40 and 0.47 V, fill factors (ff) of 0.67 and 0.65, and efficiencies (η) of 2.0% and 4.6%, respectively.
|
What is the value of η?
|
45019
|
{
"text": [
"0.885V"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.01.102
|
The perovskite-30s cell produces better photovoltaic performance, that is, Jsc=20.69mAcm−2, Voc=0.885V, and ff=0.56, with overall η=10.22%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
10541
|
{
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA08001A
|
In another experiment by Jiang et al., incorporating urea-derived bulk g-C3N4 into MAPbI3 increased not only crystallization and grain sizes of MAPbI3 but also the conductivity of the perovskite layer.
|
What is perovskite?
|
14645
|
{
"text": [
"6.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
}
|
10.1039/C5RA27434F
|
A significantly promotion of average PCE value from 5.1% to 6.4% of the inverted planar perovskite solar cells under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation (100 mW cm−2) has been achieved.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
18727
|
{
"text": [
"7.72%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
}
|
10.1039/C3CE27098J
|
Among these cells, NS–H2 cell demonstrated the highest Jsc of 18.1 mA cm−2 and η of 7.72%, 42% improvement over the monolayered NS cell.
|
What is the value of η?
|
72777
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2017.03.030
|
The solar cell device structure is FTO/compact TiO2/perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag, in which Spiro-OMeTAD stands for the hole transport material.
|
What is ?
|
8714
|
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
379
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA05407E
|
The remaining two overlapping semicircles at higher frequency result from electron transfer processes between the nanoparticles of the mesoscopic TiO2 film (lower frequency part) and to both the interface between the TiO2 nanoparticles and the electrode substrate material (Ti), and the counter electrode (higher frequency part).To interpret impedance data of DSSCs, mostly with glass-based working electrodes, transmission line models have been used consisting of two parallel channels that are connected via charge-transfer processes on the TiO2/electrolyte interface, as well as simplified forms.
|
What is substrate?
|
73055
|
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2017.06.025
|
presents the XRD pattern of the as-grown MAPbI3 film on glass/ITO/PTAA.
|
What is ?
|
5434
|
{
"text": [
"0.86 V"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
}
|
10.1039/C4MH00236A
|
No p-type dopants were added, and FTO/bl-TiO2/mp-TiO2/MAPbI3/TTF-1/Ag-based devices yielded a PCE of 11.03%, with a Jsc of 19.9 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.86 V, and FF of 0.644.Xiao et al.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
13348
|
{
"text": [
"7.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA10925A
|
As listed in Table 1, the addition of the NP layer resulted in a significant improvement of η (7.86%) and Jsc (16.2 mA cm−2) in BHTF-D, which were ∼26% and ∼20% higher than that of BTNF-D, respectively.
|
What is the value of η?
|
63888
|
{
"text": [
"1.21 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA08565A
|
Therefore, we fabricated the LAA pero-SCs on both ITO glass and PET/Ag-grid substrates with an active area of 1.21 cm2, and the photovoltaic performance of the devices was characterized.For the LAA pero-SCs based on ITO glass, the device configuration and preparation procedure were the same with that of the small area devices, but with a larger area of the top electrode (the aluminum electrode).
|
What is the value of active area?
|
20767
|
{
"text": [
"6 h"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2017.08.022
|
TNAs with the first step anodization time of 6 h exhibit better ordering than those anodized for 0.5 h.
|
What is the value of time?
|
46074
|
{
"text": [
"UiO-66"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
}
|
10.1039/C9TA03595H
|
Benefitting from these advantages, the perovskite/UiO-66 hybrid device delivered a high PCE of 18.01% (Table 3) without severe hysteresis (Fig.
|
What is perovskite?
|
18967
|
{
"text": [
"17.77%"
],
"answer_start": [
304
]
}
|
10.1039/C8EE00036K
|
Here, we demonstrate that a fluorine-containing hydrophobic Lewis acid dopant (LAD) can be employed as an effective dopant for PTAA to realize an exceptional fill factor of 0.81 and a record PCE as high as 19.01%, the highest value among the ever reported PSCs based on a novel dopant in the HTL, versus 17.77% for the control device with Li-TFSI/t-BP doped PTAA.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14318
|
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