answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
}
|
10.1039/C1JM12980E
|
Because the P90 was deposited on FTO glass substrates, they further utilized thermal treatments to increase the efficiency of the DSSC to as high as 8.5%.
|
What is substrate?
|
69235
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA04956C
|
The dye-sensitized TiO2 photoanode and the CE were separated by a hot-melt Surlyn polymer film (60 μm thick) and sealed through hot-pressing.
|
What is photoanode?
|
75896
|
{
"text": [
"16.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cclet.2018.05.008
|
After doped with Li+ and Mg2+, a PCE of 18.3% for small cell and 16.2% for large cell was obtained.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
5489
|
{
"text": [
"30 days"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.12.034
|
Although the p-type conductivity of CuSCN progressively increases even up to 30 days of reaction time, the solar cell performance of the DSSC made using CuSCN with 30 days reaction time is inferior to that made using CuSCN with 20 days reaction time.
|
What is the value of time?
|
53849
|
{
"text": [
"587mV"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
}
|
10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127694
|
The DSSC based on reference dye N719 exhibited a PCE of 7.77% with a Jsc of 19.49mAcm−2, a Voc of 587mV and a FF of 67.8.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
39468
|
{
"text": [
"0.66 ± 0.03 V"
],
"answer_start": [
1015
]
}
|
10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.07.002
|
Note that both the IPCE curves in good agreement with the absorption spectra of the polymers, and that the PPAB7 has a higher IPCE peak of 45% can tentatively be explained by considering the higher absorption values at the same wavelengths, ascribed to the presence of electron donating unit such as triphenylamine, while PPTB8 possess broader IPCE spectra close to 600 nm with a lower IPCE peak of 35% can be explained as a consequence of lower band-gap, caused by a succedaneum electron donating such as thiophene., we recorded the photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) characteristics under simulated AM1.5 G illumination (100 mW cm−2), and collected the detailed photovoltaic parameters in , the DSSC with PPAB7 as the sensitizer produced a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 5.10 ± 0.27 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.64 ± 0.03 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 58 ± 3, corresponding to a best h of 2.21%, under the same conditions, PPTB8 based DSSC offered a Jsc of 8.44 ± 0.4 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.66 ± 0.03 V, and an FF of 60 ± 3, resulting in a best h value of 3.78% for over 12 cells.Note that PPTB8 exhibits slightly higher Voc as to PPAB7, which should be due to the narrowed band gap and lower LUMO level.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
56629
|
{
"text": [
"8.17%"
],
"answer_start": [
261
]
}
|
10.1039/C8RA02765J
|
It is expected that the efficiency of the DSSC based on doped CoS initially increases with the increased Ag content and reaches a maximum point of 8.70% when the Ag amount is 5%, which is higher than those of DSSCs based on undoped CoS (6.93%) by 20.5% and Pt (8.17%) by 2.2%, though the DSSC PCE decreases when the content of Ag impurity is further increased after 5%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
71795
|
{
"text": [
"14.43%"
],
"answer_start": [
207
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jechem.2017.09.027
|
In the mixed cation perovskite, the MA0.9EA0.1PbI3 perovskite with the lowest EA incorporation exhibits the best photovoltaic property with a Voc of 1.01V, a Jsc of 20.56mA/cm2, an FF of 69.23% and a PCE of 14.43%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
8880
|
{
"text": [
"iodide/triiodide"
],
"answer_start": [
271
]
}
|
10.1039/C6DT02469F
|
For example, the evaluated HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the dyes in solution would not be always consistent with those on the TiO2 surface because the dyes interact with TiO2 strongly; thus, the HOMO energy levels of the dyes might be too close to the potential of the iodide/triiodide redox couples on TiO2, which would reduce dye regeneration efficiency.
|
What is redox couples?
|
65060
|
{
"text": [
"0.605 V"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
}
|
10.1039/C7SE00362E
|
Further addition of Y1 dye with optimal TP2A + HSQ4 increased the VOC from 0.580 V to 0.605 V.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
62654
|
{
"text": [
"17.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
}
|
10.1039/C7RA09824C
|
As result, the PSC with MgO modified c-TiO2 achieved a champion PCE of 17.03%.Mesoscopic CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite hybrid solar cells usually have significant J–V hysteresis with respect to the forward and reverse scan directions owing to charge accumulation or dielectric polarization by ferroelectric properties.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20605
|
{
"text": [
"1.07 V"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA07876A
|
The control device based on the pristine TiO2 ETL (device A) shows a Voc of 1.07 V, a Jsc of 18.43 mA cm−2, a FF of 67.31%, and a PCE of 13.00%, which is comparable to the reported values of regular-structure PHJ-PSC devices fabricated under similar conditions.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
15213
|
{
"text": [
"0.77%"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
}
|
10.1016/j.powtec.2009.03.039
|
For example, at a fixed mass ratio of TiO2 to Au (10:0.1), and a fixed rotation speed of the rotating chamber (6000rpm), the power conversion efficiency η increases from 0.77% (in test D1) to 0.90% (in test D3) as the duration of dry coating increases from 30 to 45min.
|
What is the value of η?
|
48754
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cap.2012.08.015
|
This could provide a big advantage in simplifying the process step, avoiding the recombination of electron–hole.We demonstrated that ZnO thin films consisting of a nano-network could be simply deposited by DC sputtering onto FTO substrate at 100°C and subsequent annealing.
|
What is substrate?
|
33643
|
{
"text": [
"0.67 V"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
}
|
10.1039/C2DT30697B
|
Under the same conditions, the N719 sensitized solar cell gave a Jsc value of 15.35 mA cm−2, Voc value of 0.67 V and FF of 0.71, yielding a PCE of 7.30%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
67117
|
{
"text": [
"780 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
}
|
10.1016/j.matchemphys.2012.02.047
|
The highest Voc values of 703 and 780 mV were recorded for the cells containing TiEt500 and TiEt600, respectively.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
55079
|
{
"text": [
"12.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
}
|
10.1039/C4MH00236A
|
Yang and coworkers also prepared high-quality planar MAPbI3 films by VASP and achieved a PCE of 12.1% (bl-TiO2/MAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
13198
|
{
"text": [
"1048 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
}
|
10.1039/C8RA10014D
|
PG cells with performance as high as 649.6 μW power (Ppp), 2250 μA current (isc), 1048 mV potential (Voc), 8.12% conversion efficiency (CE), and 59 minutes power storage capacity (as half-time, t0.5) have been reported under artificial and low illumination intensities.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
72309
|
{
"text": [
"6.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.023
|
As can be seen, DSSCs with Ni3S2 (Ni/S = 1:0.5 and 1:0.75) CEs yield η of 6.45% (Voc= 0.78 V, Jsc= 12.6 mA cm−2, FF = 65.4%) and 6.86% (Voc= 0.79 V, Jsc= 13.1 mA cm−2, FF = 66.2%), respectively.
|
What is the value of η?
|
58650
|
{
"text": [
"0.175 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
384
]
}
|
10.1039/C6RA16865E
|
The HTM used is spiro-OMETAD (Sigma Aldrich) diluted in chlorobenzene (72 mg mL−1) with an addition of 28.5 μL of 4-tBP (Sigma-Aldrich) and 17.5 μL of Li–TFSI solution (520 mg Li–TFSI in 1 mL acetonitrile, Sigma-Aldrich, 99.8%).Finally, a 100 nm thick gold layer was deposited by thermal evaporation at a base pressure of 5 × 10−7 mbar using a mask giving an effective active area of 0.175 cm2.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
14676
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.01.025
|
The redox electrolyte consisted of a solution of 0.6M 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (DMPII), 0.05M I2, 0.1M LiI and 0M or 0.5M t-butylpyridine (tBP) in acetonitrile.Photovoltaic measurements of sealed cells were made by illuminating the cell through the conducting glass from the anode side with a solar simulator (WXS-155S-10) at AM 1.5 illuminations (light intensities: 100mWcm−2.
|
What is the value of solar?
|
58740
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.042
|
Moreover, this fabrication technology attains a significant breakthrough of achieving tri-functions by meliorated the 1D TiO2 nanostructure (nanorod, nanowire, nanotube etc.) photoanodes.
|
What is photoanode?
|
59766
|
{
"text": [
"0.89 V"
],
"answer_start": [
464
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2016.07.035
|
The current-voltage (J-V) measurements of the perovskite based solar cell devices fabricated with different periods of the sprayed-on TiO2 layers are shown in (f), it was observed that the short circuit current (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and series resistance (Rs) are 12.31 mA cm−2, 0.94 V, 0.54, and 4.75 Ω cm2 respectively for the device fabricated with the thickness of TiO2 layer being about 54 nm, while the values of 9.26 mA cm−2, 0.89 V, 0.34, and 5.62 Ω cm2 were obtained when the thickness of the sprayed-on TiO2 layer was further increased to 85 nm.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
11239
|
{
"text": [
"63%"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.02.020
|
The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography (CH2Cl2) to afford 14 as an orange powder (180mg, 63% yield).
|
What is the value of ff?
|
31448
|
{
"text": [
"5cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.05.013
|
The obtained DSSC devices consists of eight 8 individual cells (), active area of single cell was 5cm2.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
51538
|
{
"text": [
"40%"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TC03621J
|
However, the devices based on 45–47 showed an unsatisfied FF of 28–40% which largely limited the PCEs.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
76482
|
{
"text": [
"6.70%"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
}
|
10.1039/B822813B
|
As a result, the device based on HY1 showed a lowered η value of 6.70%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
63050
|
{
"text": [
"1 Sun"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.10.024
|
The 1 Sun AM 1.5 G illumination (100 mW cm−2) was supplied by a 300 W solar simulator (Model 69911, Newport-Oriel Instruments, USA) and calibrated by a silicon reference cell (NIST) equipped with a power meter.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
12053
|
{
"text": [
"5.19%"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.086
|
As shown in JV curves and , the PCE of Pt/HGF-DSSC (5.55%) is higher than that of Pt/G (5.12%), HGF (4.20%) and pure Pt (5.19%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
51719
|
{
"text": [
"19.6 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
566
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cej.2017.04.097
|
The photovoltaic properties of the graphene-TCE-based perovskite solar cells with different nD values are summarized in The best solar cell device shows 1.08 open-circuit voltage (Voc), 21.0 mA/cm2 short-circuit current density (Jsc), 76.6% fill factor (FF), and 17.4% PCE for the forward scan direction and 1.09 V Voc, 21.0 mA cm−2 Jsc, 78.3% FF, and 17.9% PCE for the reverse scan direction at nD= 7.5 mM, whereas the pristine-graphene-based perovskite solar cells exhibits 1.03 V Voc, 19.5 mA/cm2 Jsc, 57.5% FF, and 11.5% PCE for the forward scan and 1.04 V Voc, 19.6 mA/cm2 Jsc, 61.8% FF, and 12.6% PCE for the reverse scan condition.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
1367
|
{
"text": [
"23.5"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2007.03.007
|
The IPCE and η values were in the following order: 27 (38.6 and 1.18%) >28 (23.5 and 0.67) >29 (17.3 and 0.42) (runs 5, 10, and 12).
|
What is IPCE?
|
23944
|
{
"text": [
"72%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.036
|
Moreover, we notice that FF values of PSCs were also increased to 65–72% using salts-doped PCBM as ETL, while the device with un-doped PCBM showed a low FF of 55%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
10456
|
{
"text": [
"746 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA09244A
|
The Voc is also about 746 mV and 732 mV for the cells with 2TB-1Sa and 2TB-1Sb photoanodes.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
62106
|
{
"text": [
"0.25 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jcis.2011.08.009
|
The final quasi-solid-state electrolytes were obtained after cooling to room temperature.An active area of 0.25 cm2 was selected from TiO2 sintered electrode, immersed in a solution of acetonitrile and tertiary butanol (volume ratio of 1:1) containing 3 × 10−4M of N3 dye for 24 h, rinsed with acetone, and dried.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
23528
|
{
"text": [
"0.576 V"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
}
|
10.1016/j.inoche.2014.10.033
|
GS7 when used as a sensitizer for DSSCs with iodine triiodide electrolyte, showed a Jsc of 15.25 mA cm− 2, a Voc of 0.576 V, a FF of 0.691 and overall power conversion efficiency of (η) 6.07%.A new class of ruthenium complex with BOC-protected benzimidazole derivative as ancillary ligand was synthesized for DSSCs.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
59566
|
{
"text": [
"760 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA10091G
|
However, the values attained within the limits imposed by fabrication are close to those found as optimal.The values of the open circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) of the cells scarcely fluctuate, around Voc = 760 mV and FF = 65% under front illumination, and Voc = 750 mV and FF = 68% under rear illumination.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
73693
|
{
"text": [
"0.42%"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
}
|
10.1039/C8SE00154E
|
The CNBI double perovskite-based solar cell exhibited PCE of 0.42%, VOC of 0.47 V, FF of 0.44, and JSC of 1.99 mA cm−2, which were comparable to the results of other lead-free perovskite solar cells reported in the literature (Table 1).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
15467
|
{
"text": [
"4.75%"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
}
|
10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.11.094
|
The Jsc, IPCE, and η reached their maximum values with 0.05 M HCl treatment corresponding to 11.1 mA/cm2, 48.0% (at 350 nm) and 4.75%, respectively.
|
What is the value of η?
|
50493
|
{
"text": [
"7.38%"
],
"answer_start": [
249
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA04726B
|
The bare ZSO nanofiber ETL and MAPbI3 absorber based PSC device show a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 12.68 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.986 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.59 leading to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) η = 7.38%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
18271
|
{
"text": [
"10.31mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2016.11.040
|
The initial additions of BMII increase the Jsc to 10.31mAcm−2 and the efficiency, η to 3.95%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
26100
|
{
"text": [
"0.89V"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.050
|
The current density-voltage (J-V) and incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) curves of pure orthorhombic CsPbBr3, cubic CsPbBr3 and cubic Cl-doped CsPbBr3(Cl) are depicted in a, pure orthorhombic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cell exhibits Voc of 0.89V, Jsc of 6.22 Am cm−2 and a fill factor of 0.684, corresponding to a PCE of 3.78%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
6225
|
{
"text": [
"200"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.02.008
|
Where the size changes from 300nm of the PS spheres to ∼200nm for the TiO2 holes.
|
What is TiO2?
|
51097
|
{
"text": [
"78.61%"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.08.026
|
For the PSC using PCBM:4,4′-BiPy as the ETL, FF is obviously increased up to 78.61%, yielding a PCE of 16.49%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
11803
|
{
"text": [
"62.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
}
|
10.1039/C5NJ00216H
|
In contrast, the 1.6 μm-long TiO2 NW–NP-based DSSC exhibits Voc, Jsc and FF values of 664 mV, 6.37 mA cm−2 and 62.1%, respectively, with an enhanced η of 2.62%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
62296
|
{
"text": [
"1.07 V"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1039/C5EE02194D
|
As a result, n–i–p PHJ PrSCs with SAM treatment showed a higher Voc (1.07 V) than the reference device (0.99 V) (Fig.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
19969
|
{
"text": [
"10.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cej.2019.04.099
|
The PSC fabricated without ILPF6 ionic liquid gives a maximum PCE of 10.08%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
1271
|
{
"text": [
"0.25cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104044
|
The active area of the final tandem devices is 0.25cm2.The theoretical reflectance and internal light energy flux of the device were computed using an optical simulation implemented using Python.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
2708
|
{
"text": [
"12.65mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.03.027
|
Among these dyes, DSSCs based on LI-17 show the best light to electricity conversion efficiency of 5.35% (Jsc=12.65mAcm−2, Voc=675mV, ff=0.63).
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
53632
|
{
"text": [
"0.69V"
],
"answer_start": [
375
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.06.099
|
In additional, the reference DSSCs based on N719 dye exhibit a broader absorption band as compared to CD2, while the IPCE maximum of N719 is slightly small than that of CD2.Under standard global AM 1.5G illumination condition, CD1-based DSSCs exhibited an overall PCE of 6.29%, with a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 12.48mAcm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.69V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.73.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
43084
|
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2009.11.062
|
A 1000-W metal halide lamp (Phillips) served as a simulated sun light source, and its light intensity (or radiant power) was adjusted to simulated AM 1.5 radiation at 100 mW/cm2 with a Si photodetector fitted with a KG-5 filter (Schott) as a reference calibrated at NREL (USA).
|
What is the value of light intensity?
|
27511
|
{
"text": [
"0.635 V"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
}
|
10.1039/C6CP01669C
|
SPSQ1, when co-sensitized with N3, showed a VOC value of 0.635 V (SPSQ1 + N3), which is lower than that of N3 alone, whereas the VOC value (0.656 V) of SPSQ2 + N3 was higher than that of the N3 dye.As the dynamics of dye regeneration by electrolytes is crucial in the performance of DSSCs, nanosecond laser flash photolysis spectrometry (LP920) was used to study the kinetics of dye regeneration by the electrolytes.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
69981
|
{
"text": [
"16.0mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.148
|
Among these dyes, JY01 exhibited a most impressive photovoltaic performance with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 16.0mAcm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 708mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.67, generating an overall power conversion efficiency of 7.62%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
38079
|
{
"text": [
"796 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
}
|
10.1039/C1EE02766B
|
A power conversion efficiency as high as 4.32% (Jsc = 7.91 mA cm−2, Voc = 796 mV, FF = 0.69) is obtained for the first time for fully flexible DSSC based on hierarchical TiO2nanowire arrays and Pt-free counter electrode.Owing to its unique opto-electronic properties, TiO2 with various morphologies from 0D nanoparticles, 1D nanostructures to 3D spheres have been intensively investigated as photoanode materials for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
73625
|
{
"text": [
"66%"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
}
|
10.1039/C7NR04692H
|
By employing sV2O5 instead of PEDOT:PSS, Voc, Jsc, and FF increased to 0.73 V, 17.35 mA cm−2 and 66%, respectively.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
21877
|
{
"text": [
"9.61mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
191
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.10.002
|
For solar cell device based on D4, the maximal monochromatic incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) can reach up to 68.5%, with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 9.61mAcm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.70V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.70, which results in a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.65% under illumination of an AM 1.5 solar cell simulator.The synthesis, characterization and photovoltaic properties of a new series of bithiazole-based organic photosensitizers were presented.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
47005
|
{
"text": [
"4.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA09775K
|
The N-TiO2–Ag photoanode showed an enhanced solar energy conversion (η) of 8.15%, which was higher than those of the TiO2–Ag (4.86%), N-TiO2 (2.93%), and pure TiO2 (2.19%) photoanode-based DSSCs.
|
What is the value of η?
|
63839
|
{
"text": [
"80"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.118
|
The introduction of the TiO2 CL appreciably increased the quantum efficiency over the whole spectral range of incident light (300–800nm).The effects of the TiO2 CL on the resistance of the interfaces in the DSCs can be further investigated through the EIS study.
|
What is TiO2?
|
38795
|
{
"text": [
"3.12%"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.143
|
The N-doped graphene (N-G) films CEs show a η of 3.12%, which is nearly 3 times higher than the pristine graphene CEs in DSSC.
|
What is the value of η?
|
54041
|
{
"text": [
"4.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
}
|
10.1039/C4EE01724B
|
To further ease their fabrication, researchers have successfully demonstrated low temperature (<150 °C), binder-free coating processes on plastic substrates, reporting η values as high as ∼8% for single cells and ∼3–4.5% for DSMs.The performance of DSCs improves from room temperature to ∼40 °C (ref.
|
What is the value of η?
|
68519
|
{
"text": [
"8.80%"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA04482G
|
The best integrated cell, with an 80 nm thick BHJ layer, gave a Voc of 0.88 V, a Jsc of 13.93 mA cm−2, a FF of 71.78% and a PCE of 8.80%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
23021
|
{
"text": [
"4.32 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2010.12.051
|
Between the two dyes, the PMn-HT-SCN-based DSSCs afforded the best photovoltaic performance: a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 4.32 mA/cm2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.61 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.58, corresponding to a solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 1.53% under 100 mW/cm2 irradiation.► Two novel trivalent metal porphyrin dyes were synthesized and applied in dye-sensitized solar cells.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
39299
|
{
"text": [
"0.8"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
}
|
10.1039/B812154K
|
As the redox potential of the iodide/triiodide electrolyte is about 0.3 V vs.NHE, the regeneration driving force can be calculated to 0.69, 0.85 and 0.97 V, for L2, L1 and L0, respectively.
|
What is electrolyte?
|
67204
|
{
"text": [
"24 h"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
}
|
10.1039/C2RA22465H
|
These sintered films were then taken out of a furnace at 100 °C and soaked immediately in 0.3 mM N3 dye (from Dyesol, Queanbeyan NSW, Australia) solution in ethanol for different times; 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min and 4, 8, 16 and 24 h.
|
What is the value of time?
|
69473
|
{
"text": [
"7.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2013.07.008
|
Among these four dyes, the POZ-3 dye presents the highest open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.77 V, affording the largest power conversion efficiency (η) of 7.8%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
50464
|
{
"text": [
"0.54%"
],
"answer_start": [
92
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TC03542C
|
For 4d the cell parameters were a VOC of 630 mV, JSC of 2.63 mA cm−2, FF of 0.32 and PCE of 0.54%, making it the most efficient of the three.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
70940
|
{
"text": [
"7.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1039/C2CC33629D
|
Conventional DSCs with TNPs displayed JSC = 17.0 mA cm−2, VOC = 687 mV, a FF = 0.63, and provided η = 7.3%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
60603
|
{
"text": [
"0.79 V"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
}
|
10.1039/C5EE02641E
|
The champion PCE of 5.1% with a JSC = 10 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.79 V and FF = 66% was achieved for P3HT/Si-PCPDTBT/ICBA ternary cells, which is much higher than the PCE values of the P3HT/ICBA cells (3.9%), Si-PCPDTBT/ICBA cells (1.6%) and Si-PCPDTBT/PCBM cells (4.4%).Before 2014, most of the research studies on the ternary solar cells were based on P3HT as the dominating donor, resulting in a relatively low PCE compared with binary solar cells based on low bandgap materials.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
15118
|
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.116
|
An overall photon-to-electron conversion efficiency of 1.8% was achieved with the DSSC based on the dye TCT-1(Jsc= 3.33 mA/cm2, Voc= 757 mV, FF = 71.8%) under AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW/cm2).Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been intensively investigated in the past decades as the third generation solar cell due to their simple fabrication process and low production cost.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
29222
|
{
"text": [
"8.71%"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
}
|
10.1039/C6CS00752J
|
The DSSC with the In2.77S4@CC hybrid CE exhibited a high PCE of 8.71%, comparable to the commercial Pt-based DSSC (PCE = 8.75%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
66742
|
{
"text": [
"66.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.081
|
The DSSC with HPN/1.0wt% PANi electrolyte yields an optimal η of 3.70% (Jsc=12.95mAcm−2, Voc=0.433V, FF=66.0%), which is much higher than 1.49% for the cell employing I−/I3− doped HPN.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
49332
|
{
"text": [
"8.81%"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.01.025
|
Owing to its highest JSC, VOC, and FF, the DSSC with S84 exhibits the highest power conversion efficiency (η) of 11.43%, which is 29.7% higher than that of the DSSC with Ref-TiO2 (8.81%).We also prepared a TiO2 film, composed of a 3 µm-layer of S84-TiO2 on the top of a 5 µm-layer of CTL, applied it as the semiconductor layer in a DSSC, and achieved an η of 9.63%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
44663
|
{
"text": [
"4.84mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.01.004
|
The device using YC-1 as the sensitizer exhibited better photovoltaic performance (η=4.38% with Jsc=12.12mAcm−2) than the cell using YC-2 (η=1.46% with Jsc=4.84mAcm−2) due to major difference in JSC.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
30758
|
{
"text": [
"8.44%"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
}
|
10.1039/C5NR04585A
|
A CH3NH3PbI3 solar cell employing the AgNW-based composite electrode had a PCE of 8.44%, the best value reported so far for perovskite solar cells fabricated with AgNW-based transparent electrodes.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14410
|
{
"text": [
"11.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TC05238C
|
Furthermore, the non-doped DPA–ANT–TPA based PSC shows a short circuit current (Jsc = 16.2 mA cm−2) comparable to that of Spiro-OMeTAD (Jsc = 21 mA cm−2), which was due to the shallower HOMO of DPA–ANT–DPA that allows for effective hole extraction.The PCE of 11.5% obtained using the non-doped DPA–ANT–DPA HTM was high when compared to the other HTMs reported in the literature when taking the dopant-free aspect into account.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
15014
|
{
"text": [
"NiO"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.10.016
|
Hence, the DSSC using the TiO2-modified electrolyte shows the most rapid degradation (In this work we have studied the effects of non-magnetic (TiO2) and magnetic (Co3O4 and NiO) nanoparticle additives on the properties of agarose polymer electrolytes.
|
What is electrolyte?
|
23244
|
{
"text": [
"2.91%"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2013.08.081
|
Consequently, η of the flexible cells was enhanced from 2.98% to 6.64% for the TA-St-CA system and from 2.91% to 6.86% for the HC-acid system.
|
What is the value of η?
|
58573
|
{
"text": [
"1.076V"
],
"answer_start": [
381
]
}
|
10.1016/j.mattod.2017.12.002
|
The best-performing p-i-n PSC having np-NiOx HTL, (FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15 (herein FAPbI3 stands for formamidinium lead iodide and MAPbBr3 stands for methylammonium lead bromide) perovskite and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)/ZnO ETL exhibited a 19.10% (±1%) power conversion efficiency (PCE) with a current density (JSC) of 22.76mAcm−2, open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.076V and fill factor (FF) of 0.78 under 1sun (100mWcm−2).
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
6888
|
{
"text": [
"0.96V"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
10.1016/j.physb.2017.07.065
|
As compared with the PHJ-PSCs without DIO additive, the PCEs are almost doubled (from 4.53% to 9.01%) with Voc increased from 0.70 to 0.96V and FF increased from 44.2% to 71.6%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
10106
|
{
"text": [
"0.159 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
}
|
10.1039/C8DT00413G
|
A light mask was used on the DSSCs, so the illuminated active area of DSCs was fixed to 0.159 cm2.Pyrrole (0.750 mL, 10.8 mmol) and 4-bromobenzaldehyde 2 (0.500 g, 2.70 mmol) were added to a solution of 4-(diphenylamino)benzaldehyde 1 (2.50 g, 9.15 mmol) in degassed DCM (150 mL).
|
What is the value of active area?
|
67488
|
{
"text": [
"8.19%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.04.005
|
Solar cells fabricated with MR-1 and MR-2 exhibited solar-to-power conversion efficiency (η) of up to 8.19% and 5.32%, respectively, compared to 7.66% for the benchmark N719.
|
What is the value of η?
|
53976
|
{
"text": [
"13.26%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1039/C7NR04692H
|
As a result, the sV2O5-based organic solar cell and perovskite solar cell presented PCEs of 8.36% and 13.26%, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
21890
|
{
"text": [
"20.1 ± 0.60%"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
}
|
10.1039/C9NR02903F
|
The CA-C CE is further applied to an indoor T5 light source system with an impressive η value of 20.1 ± 0.60% at 2.18 mW cm−2 (T5 lamp with 7000 lux).
|
What is the value of η?
|
63634
|
{
"text": [
"2.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.12.021
|
This is in accordance with the order of the power conversion efficiency (η) of the four dyes that P2 (2.18%)>P1 (1.93%)>P4 (1.63%)>P3 (1.41%).
|
What is the value of η?
|
35033
|
{
"text": [
"10 s"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2012.08.003
|
10 s for the scanning sweep times in the forward and reverse scan directions, whereas that for Cell B was ca.
|
What is the value of time?
|
45923
|
{
"text": [
"58.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
}
|
10.1039/C7NR07933H
|
The control PBDTTT-E-T:IEICO OSC gives a PCE of 7.17% with a Voc of 0.819 V, a Jsc of 14.94 mA cm−2, and an FF of 58.52%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
13994
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.11.004
|
If the growth time is extended to 8h, the film composed of TiO2 nanorods starts to peel off the FTO substrate.
|
What is substrate?
|
31981
|
{
"text": [
"iodide/triiodide"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
}
|
10.1039/C5RA04283F
|
The increase in electron lifetime for JY16 supports more effective suppression of the back reaction of the injected electrons with the iodide/triiodide redox couple in the electrolyte, which leads to the improvement of photocurrent and photovoltage and gives substantial enhancement of the device efficiency.
|
What is redox couple?
|
65944
|
{
"text": [
"Ag"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2019.07.029
|
As shown in c, the device with a structure of FTO/TiO2/CsPbBrI2/Spiro-OMeTAD/MoO3/Ag also shows a relatively high PCE of 9.17%, suggesting a wide application of the method into different systems.
|
What is FTO?
|
7887
|
{
"text": [
"4.58%"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.07.107
|
Under optical conditions, a PCE of 5.74% was obtained in the TiO2-AgNW DSSC, representing a 25.3% enhancement compared to a reference solar cell based on pure TiO2 film (4.58%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
45047
|
{
"text": [
"17.78%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA11004E
|
For the reverse scan, the device shows a 17.78% power conversion efficiency (PCE) with a 1.075 V open-circuit voltage (VOC), 22.35 mA cm−2 short-circuit current density (JSC), and 0.74 fill factor (FF).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
19152
|
{
"text": [
"17.2mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cap.2014.09.015
|
Samples with the PANI CEs prepared at 4th cycles showed a maximum Jsc value of approximately 17.2mAcm−2 and a maximum photo-conversion efficiency of about 7.24%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
59104
|
{
"text": [
"4.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
65
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA07972E
|
Both samples vacuum annealed for 2 min and 5 min exhibit PCEs of 4.5% and 4.3% respectively, which is well in agreement with the similar layer formation observed in the microscopy images (Fig.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
15771
|
{
"text": [
"8.26%"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.04.043
|
Finally, QX02-based cell achieved a high efficiency of 8.09% which is very close to that of the commercial N719-based cell (8.26%) under 100mWcm−2 irradiation.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are promising alternatives to traditional inorganic semiconductor-based solar cells because of their easy manufacturing processes, low cost, less environmental issues, and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) Indole and carbazole are both well-known heterocyclic compounds with strong electron-rich properties.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
49028
|
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
}
|
10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127636
|
It was reported that the DSSC devices containing this compound exhibited solar energy to electricity conversion efficiencies of 6.81% under AM 1.5 illumination and 100mW/cm2 irradiation.
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
46634
|
{
"text": [
"0.65V"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cap.2010.11.052
|
The values of Voc, Jsc, FF and the power conversion efficiency (η) of the DSSC devices using N719, TPA-T1, and TPA-T2 are listed in , the TPA-T1 sensitized cell exhibited a Jsc of 6.89–9.37mAcm−2, Voc of 0.64–0.65V and FF of 0.57, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 2.54–3.46% under standard AM 1.5 solar conditions.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
36722
|
{
"text": [
"9.62%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.10.041
|
The final PCEs lie in the order of XW21 (9.62%)>XW18 (9.50%)≈XW19 (9.42%)>XW20 (8.72%).The different coadsorption behaviors between the dyes in the cases with and without the BTD unit indicate that the dye aggregation for XW18 is not very serious due to its relatively small conjugation framework, and thus when branched alkoxy units were used to afford XW19, the aggregation effect were not obviously affected, and thus similar photovoltaic characteristics were observed for XW18 and XW19.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
40855
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.01.013
|
We find that the photovoltaic performance of the four sensitizers closely relates with the Q band absorption after being deposited on TiO2 film and the stereo-structures of the sensitizers.
|
What is ?
|
42719
|
{
"text": [
"11.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
}
|
10.1039/C7SE00435D
|
The highest device efficiency was found to be 18% by adding BMImI additive into the precursor PbI2 solution while adding LiI and LiTFSI additives results in an enhancement in the efficiency (η) of the fabricated devices up to 17.01% and 15.6%, respectively, compared to 11.3% for the device fabricated from the pristine PbI2 solution.
|
What is the value of η?
|
14392
|
{
"text": [
"13.25%"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
}
|
10.1039/C6QM00097E
|
The devices based on mp-SFX-3PA and mm-SFX-3PA shows a maximum PCE of 14.05% and 13.25%, respectively.The control devices based on benchmark spiro-OMeTAD exhibit a maximum PCE of 15.45%, a JSC of 20.58 mA cm−2, a VOC of 1012 mV and a FF of 74.18% under the same conditions (Fig.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
22325
|
{
"text": [
"1.53%"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2014.06.026
|
The DSSCs based on THF bath obtained the η value 1.53%, which is about twice as much as that of DMF bath.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), developed by Grätzel and coworkers, have attracted considerable attention of many research groups in the past two decades owing to their high efficiencies and low costs In the processes of preparing dye-sensitized TiO2 photoelectrode, the different solvent baths have a crucial effect on the dye-sensitized TiO2 photoelectrode.
|
What is the value of η?
|
43550
|
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