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Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Furious 7 is part of a franchise. | Furious 7 -LRB- alternatively known as Fast & Furious 7 and Fast 7 -RRB- is a 2015 American action film directed by James Wan and written by Chris Morgan . It is the seventh installment in The Fast and the Furious franchise . The film stars Vin Diesel , Paul Walker , Dwayne Johnson , Michelle Rodriguez , Tyrese Gibson , Chris ` Ludacris ' Bridges , Jordana Brewster , Djimon Hounsou , Kurt Russell , and Jason Statham . Furious 7 follows Dominic Toretto -LRB- Diesel -RRB- , Brian O'Conner -LRB- Walker -RRB- , and the rest of their team , who have returned to the United States to live normal lives after securing amnesty for their past crimes in Fast & Furious 6 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , until Deckard Shaw -LRB- Statham -RRB- , a rogue special forces assassin seeking to avenge his comatose younger brother , puts the team in danger once again . With the previous three installments set between 2 Fast 2 Furious -LRB- 2003 -RRB- and The Fast and the Furious : Tokyo Drift -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Furious 7 is the first installment in the franchise to take place after Tokyo Drift . The film also marks the final film appearance of Walker , who died in a single-vehicle crash on November 30 , 2013 with filming only half-completed . Following Walker 's death , filming was delayed for script rewrites , and his brothers , Caleb and Cody , were used as stand-ins to complete his remaining scenes . These script rewrites completed the story arcs for both Walker and Brewster 's characters -LRB- Brian O'Conner and Mia Toretto , respectively -RRB- , causing both to be retired . As a result , it is also the final installment in the franchise to star Brewster . Plans for a seventh installment were first announced in February 2012 when Johnson stated that production on the film would begin after the completion of Fast & Furious 6 . In April 2013 , Wan , predominantly known for horror films , was announced to direct the film in place of Justin Lin , who left the franchise after directing the previous four installments . Casting began in the same month with the re-signing of Diesel and Walker , and an initial release date was set . Principal photography began in Atlanta , Georgia , in September 2013 , resumed in April 2014 and ended in July 2014 , with other filming locations including Los Angeles , Colorado , Abu Dhabi , and Tokyo . Furious 7 premiered in Los Angeles on April 1 , 2015 , and was theatrically released in the United States on April 3 , 2015 , playing in 3D , IMAX 3D , and 4DX internationally . Upon release , the film became a critical and commercial success , with praise being aimed at the film 's action sequences and its tribute to Walker . The film grossed $ 397.6 million worldwide during its opening weekend , which is the sixth highest-grossing opening of all time . The film has grossed over $ 1.5 billion worldwide -- more than the franchise 's first five installments combined -- making it the highest-grossing film of the franchise after just twelve days , the third highest-grossing film of 2015 and the sixth highest-grossing film of all time . A sequel , The Fate of the Furious , was released on April 14 , 2017 . | The 2007 SCSA Season was the 7th season of United Kingdom-based NASCAR style stock car racing , originally known as ASCAR . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.In 1972, Marlon Brando portrayed Vito Corleone in The Godfather. | Marlon Brando , Jr. -LRB- April 3 , 1924 -- July 1 , 2004 -RRB- was an American actor , film director and political activist . He is credited with bringing realism to film acting . He helped to popularize the Stanislavski system of acting , studying with Stella Adler in the 1940s . Brando is widely known for his Academy Award-winning performances as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront -LRB- 1954 -RRB- and Vito Corleone in The Godfather -LRB- 1972 -RRB- , as well as his performances in A Streetcar Named Desire -LRB- 1951 -RRB- , Viva Zapata ! -LRB- 1952 -RRB- , Julius Caesar -LRB- 1953 -RRB- , The Wild One -LRB- 1953 -RRB- , Guys and Dolls -LRB- 1955 -RRB- , Sayonara -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , Reflections in a Golden Eye -LRB- 1967 -RRB- , Last Tango in Paris -LRB- 1972 -RRB- , and Apocalypse Now -LRB- 1979 -RRB- . Brando was also an activist for many causes , notably the Civil Rights Movement and various Native American movements . He initially gained acclaim and an Academy Award nomination for reprising the role of Stanley Kowalski in the 1951 film adaptation of Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire , a role that he had originated successfully on Broadway . He received further praise for his performance as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront , and his portrayal of the rebel motorcycle gang leader Johnny Strabler in The Wild One proved to be a lasting image in popular culture . Brando received Academy Award nominations for playing Emiliano Zapata in Viva Zapata ! ; Mark Antony in Joseph L. Mankiewicz 's 1953 film adaptation of Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar ; and Air Force Major Lloyd Gruver in Sayonara -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , an adaption of James Michener 's 1954 novel . Brando was included in a list of Top Ten Money Making Stars three times in the 1950s , coming in at number 10 in 1954 , number 6 in 1955 , and number 4 in 1958 . The 1960s proved to be a fallow decade for Brando . He directed and starred in the cult western film One-Eyed Jacks , a critical and commercial flop , after which he delivered a series of box-office failures , beginning with the 1962 film adaptation of the novel Mutiny on the Bounty . After 10 years , during which he did not appear in a successful film , he won his second Academy Award for playing Vito Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola 's The Godfather , a role critics consider among his greatest . The Godfather was then one of the most commercially successful films of all time . With that and his Oscar-nominated performance in Last Tango in Paris , Brando re-established himself in the ranks of top box-office stars , placing sixth and tenth in the Money Making Stars poll in 1972 and 1973 , respectively . Brando took a four-year hiatus before appearing in The Missouri Breaks -LRB- 1976 -RRB- . After this , he was content with being a highly paid character actor in cameo roles , such as in Superman -LRB- 1978 -RRB- and The Formula -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , before taking a nine-year break from motion pictures . According to the Guinness Book of World Records , Brando was paid a record $ 3.7 million -LRB- $ million in inflation-adjusted dollars -RRB- and 11.75 % of the gross profits for 13 days ' work on Superman . He finished out the 1970s with his controversial performance as Colonel Kurtz in another Coppola film , Apocalypse Now , a box-office hit for which he was highly paid and which helped finance his career layoff during the 1980s . Brando was ranked by the American Film Institute as the fourth-greatest movie star among male movie stars whose screen debuts occurred in or before 1950 . He was one of only three professional actors , along with Charlie Chaplin and Marilyn Monroe , named in 1999 by Time magazine as one of its 100 Most Important People of the Century . He died of respiratory failure on July 1 , 2004 , at age 80 . | The Dead Are Alive -LRB- L'etrusco uccide ancora / The Etruscan Kills Again -RRB- is an 1972 horror film by Italian director Armando Crispino , with music by Riz Ortolani , and starring Alex Cord , Samantha Eggar and John -LRB- The Godfather -RRB- Marley . It was released in Germany as Das Geheimnis des Gelben Grabes -LRB- Mystery of the Gold Diggers -RRB- , in France as Overtime , and in Spain as El dios de la muerte asesina otra vez -LRB- The Death God Kills Again -RRB- . The film was produced by Artur Brauner and the story was based on a giallo novel written by Bryan Edgar Wallace . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Deadpool (film) is a 2016 television show. | Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero film directed by Tim Miller and written by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is the eighth installment and a spin-off in the X-Men film series , and stars Ryan Reynolds as the titular character , as well as Morena Baccarin , Ed Skrein , T. J. Miller , Gina Carano , Leslie Uggams , Brianna Hildebrand , and Stefan Kapičić . In the film , antihero Deadpool hunts the man who nearly destroyed his life while also trying to reunite with his lost love . Development began in February 2004 with New Line Cinema , but moved in March 2005 to 20th Century Fox who bought the film rights . In May 2009 , after Reynolds portrayed the character in X-Men Origins : Wolverine , to the general disappointment of fans , Fox lent the film to writers , and Miller was hired for his directorial debut in April 2011 . Enthusiastic acclaim for leaked CGI test footage by Miller in July 2014 led to Fox greenlighting the film in September . Additional casting began in early 2015 , and principal photography commenced in Vancouver from March to May . Deadpool premiered in Paris on February 8 , 2016 , and was released on February 12 in the United States in IMAX , DLP , D-Box , and premium large format . Critics praised Reynolds ' performance as well as the film 's style , faithful depiction of the titular character , and action sequences , but criticized its plot as formulaic . It received various awards and nominations , including two Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy and Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , and a Producers Guild of America Award nomination for Best Theatrical Motion Picture . It also won two Critics ' Choice Movie Awards for Best Comedy and Best Actor in a Comedy . The film was also a significant commercial success , grossing over $ 783million worldwide and breaking numerous box-office records , becoming the ninth highest-grossing film of 2016 , the highest-grossing R-rated film of all time when unadjusted for inflation , and the highest-grossing X-Men film . Shortly after the film 's success , Fox ordered development of a sequel scheduled to be released on June 1 , 2018 . | Aquaman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Created by Paul Norris and Mort Weisinger , the character debuted in More Fun Comics # 73 -LRB- November 1941 -RRB- . Initially a backup feature in DC 's anthology titles , Aquaman later starred in several volumes of a solo title . During the late 1950s and 1960s superhero-revival period known as the Silver Age , he was a founding member of the Justice League of America . In the 1990s Modern Age , Aquaman 's character became more serious than in most previous interpretations , with storylines depicting the weight of his role as king of Atlantis . Aquaman has been adapted for screen many times , first appearing in animated form in the 1967 The Superman/Aquaman Hour of Adventure and then in the related Super Friends program . Since then he has appeared in various animated productions , including prominent roles in the 2000s series Justice League Unlimited and Batman : The Brave and the Bold , as well as several DC Universe Animated Original Movies . Actor Alan Ritchson also portrayed the role in live action in the television show Smallville . Jason Momoa portrayed the character in the 2016 film Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and will reprise his role in the DC Extended Universe , including a solo film in 2018 . The character 's original 1960s animated appearances left a lasting impression , meaning Aquaman is widely recognised in popular culture . Jokes about his wholesome portrayal in Super Friends and perceived weaker powers and abilities have been staples of comedy programmes and stand-up routines , leading DC at several times to attempt to make the character edgier or more powerful in comic books . Modern comic book depictions have attempted to reconcile these various aspects of his public perception , casting Aquaman as serious and brooding , saddled with an ill reputation , and struggling to find a true role and purpose beyond his public side as a deposed king and a fallen hero . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Alexander Lebedev is a billionaire. | Alexander Yevgenievich Lebedev -LRB- -LSB- Алекса́ндр Евге́ньевич Ле́бедев , p = ɐlʲɪˈksandr jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈlʲebʲɪdʲɪf -RSB- born 16 December 1959 -RRB- is a Russian businessman , referred to as one of the Russian oligarchs . In March 2012 , he was listed by Forbes magazine as one of the richest Russians with an estimated fortune of $ 1.1 billion . However , his fortune has since declined , and he is no longer considered to be a billionaire . He is part owner of the Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta and owner of two UK newspapers with son Evgeny Lebedev : the London Evening Standard , The Independent . | Alexander -LRB- Aaron -RRB- Levin -LRB- born April 1 , 1968 in Odessa , Ukraine -RRB- -- is a Ukrainian American businessman , philanthropist , President of Kiev Jewish Community , Founding President of the World Forum of Russian-Speaking Jewry and a leader of the US Russian-speaking community . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Saint Peter is the nephew of John. | Saint Peter -LRB- Syriac/Aramaic : ܫܸܡܥܘܿܢ ܟܹ݁ܐܦ݂ܵܐ , Shemayon Keppa , שמעון בר יונה , Πέτρος , according to the New Testament , was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ , leaders of the early Christian Great Church . Hippolytus of Rome , a 3rd-century theologian , gave him the title of `` Apostle of the Apostles '' . According to Catholic teaching , Peter was ordained by Jesus in the `` Rock of My Church '' dialogue in Matthew . He is traditionally counted as the first Bishop of Romeor popeand also by Eastern Christian tradition as the first Patriarch of Antioch . The ancient Christian churches all venerate Peter as a major saint and as the founder of the Church of Antioch and the Roman Church , but differ in their attitudes regarding the authority of his present-day successors . The New Testament indicates that Peter was the son of John -LRB- or Jonah or Jona -RRB- and was from the village of Bethsaida in the province of Galilee or Gaulanitis . His brother Andrew was also an apostle . According to New Testament accounts , Peter was one of twelve apostles chosen by Jesus from his first disciples . Originally a fisherman , he played a leadership role and was with Jesus during events witnessed by only a few apostles , such as the Transfiguration . According to the gospels , Peter confessed Jesus as the Messiah , was part of Jesus 's inner circle , thrice denied Jesus and wept bitterly once he realised his deed , and preached on the day of Pentecost . According to Christian tradition , Peter was crucified in Rome under Emperor Nero Augustus Caesar . It is traditionally held that he was crucified upside down at his own request , since he saw himself unworthy to be crucified in the same way as Jesus . Tradition holds that he was crucified at the site of the Clementine Chapel . His remains are said to be those contained in the underground Confessio of St. Peter 's Basilica , where Pope Paul VI announced in 1968 the excavated discovery of a first-century Roman cemetery . Every 29 June since 1736 , a statue of Saint Peter in St. Peter 's Basilica is adorned with papal tiara , ring of the fisherman , and papal vestments , as part of the celebration of the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul . According to Catholic doctrine , the direct papal successor to Saint Peter is the incumbent pope , currently Pope . Two general epistles in the New Testament are ascribed to Peter , but modern scholars reject the Petrine authorship of both . The Gospel of Mark was traditionally thought to show the influence of Peter 's preaching and eyewitness memories . Several other books bearing his namethe Acts of Peter , Gospel of Peter , Preaching of Peter , Apocalypse of Peter , and Judgment of Peterare considered by Christian denominations as apocryphal , and are thus not included in their Bible canons . | Saint John of Kronstadt -LRB- 19 October 1829 , Sura , Arkhangelsk -- 20 December 1908 , Kronstadt -RRB- was a Russian Orthodox Christian presbyter and a member of the synod of the Russian Orthodox Church . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Michelle Rodriguez has had roles in video games. | Mayte Michelle Rodriguez -LRB- -LSB- rɑːˈdriːgɛz -RSB- born July 12 , 1978 -RRB- is an American actress and screenwriter . Her breakout role was as a troubled boxer in the independent film Girlfight -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , which was met with critical acclaim and earned her several awards , including the Independent Spirit Award and Gotham Award for Best Debut Performance . The following year , she starred as Letty in the blockbuster film The Fast and the Furious -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , a role she has reprised in four additional films in the Fast and Furious franchise to date . During her career , Rodriguez has played in a number of successful action films , including Resident Evil , S.W.A.T. , and Avatar . Rodriguez also branched into television , playing Ana Lucia Cortez in the second season of the television series Lost . She has also had numerous voice work appearances in video games such as Call of Duty and Halo , and lent her voice for the 3D animated film Turbo and the television series IGPX . With her films grossing over $ 5 billion -LRB- U.S. -RRB- collectively , a 2013 Entertainment Weekly article described Rodriguez as `` arguably the most iconic actress in the action genre , as well as one of the most visible Latinas in Hollywood '' . | Mirtha Michelle Castro Marmol -LRB- born January 17 , 1984 -RRB- is an American actress . Her films include Señorita Justice , This Christmas , and Fast & Furious . She has also had small parts on CSI : Crime Scene Investigation and CSI : Miami . When not acting , Michelle often emcees events in Las Vegas and Los Angeles . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The USS Constitution has a crew of only 20 officers and sailors. | USS Constitution is a wooden-hulled , three-masted heavy frigate of the United States Navy , named by President George Washington after the Constitution of the United States of America . She is the world 's oldest commissioned naval vessel afloat . Constitution was launched in 1797 , one of six original frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 and the third constructed . Joshua Humphreys designed the frigates to be the young Navy 's capital ships , and so Constitution and her sisters were larger and more heavily armed and built than standard frigates of the period . Constitution was built in the North End of Boston , Massachusetts at Edmund Hartt 's shipyard . Her first duties with the newly formed U.S. Navy were to provide protection for American merchant shipping during the Quasi-War with France and to defeat the Barbary pirates in the First Barbary War . Constitution is most noted for her actions during the War of 1812 against the United Kingdom , when she captured numerous merchant ships and defeated five British warships : , , , , and . The battle with Guerriere earned her the nickname of `` Old Ironsides '' and public adoration that has repeatedly saved her from scrapping . She continued to serve as flagship in the Mediterranean and African squadrons , and circled the world in the 1840s . During the American Civil War , she served as a training ship for the United States Naval Academy . She carried American artwork and industrial displays to the Paris Exposition of 1878 . Constitution was retired from active service in 1881 , and served as a receiving ship until designated a museum ship in 1907 . In 1934 , she completed a three-year , 90-port tour of the nation . Constitution sailed under her own power for her 200th birthday in 1997 , and again in August 2012 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of her victory over Guerriere . Constitutions stated mission today is to promote understanding of the Navy 's role in war and peace through educational outreach , historical demonstration , and active participation in public events as part of the Naval History & Heritage Command . As a fully commissioned U.S. Navy ship , her crew of 60 officers and sailors participate in ceremonies , educational programs , and special events while keeping Constitution open to visitors year round and providing free tours . The officers and crew are all active-duty U.S. Navy personnel and the assignment is considered to be special duty in the U.S. Navy . Traditionally , command of the vessel is assigned to a Navy commander . She is usually berthed at Pier 1 of the former Charlestown Navy Yard , at one end of Boston 's Freedom Trail . In May 2015 , Constitution entered Dry Dock 1 to begin a three-year restoration program . | USS Congress was a row galley that served the Continental Navy during the American Revolution . The galley -- which was rowed by oarsmen instead of using sail - had the distinction of serving the young American Navy for only a week before being scuttled after combat with the British . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Neal Schon was born on February. | Neal Joseph Schon -LRB- born February 27 , 1954 -RRB- is an American rock guitarist , songwriter , and vocalist , best known for his work with the bands Journey and Bad English . He is Journey 's last original constant member , having participated in every album and tour to date . He was a member of the rock band Santana before forming Journey , and was also an original member of Hardline . Schon was inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame on August 23 , 2013 . Schon was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey on April 7 , 2017 . | Neal Kitson -LRB- born January 6 , 1986 in Queens , New York -RRB- is an American soccer player . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Carmelo Anthony is an NBA player. | Carmelo Kyam Anthony -LRB- born May 29 , 1984 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- . Anthony attended Towson Catholic High School and Oak Hill Academy before playing college basketball at Syracuse . In Anthony 's freshman season , he led the Orangemen to their first and only National Championship and was named the NCAA Tournament 's Most Outstanding Player . Anthony then entered the 2003 NBA draft where he was selected with the third overall pick by the Denver Nuggets . Since entering the NBA , Anthony has been named an All-Star ten times and an All-NBA Team member six times . While playing for Denver , he led the Nuggets to the playoffs every year from 2004 to 2010 , winning two division titles in that span . In 2009 , Anthony led the Nuggets to their first Conference Finals appearance since 1985 . In 2011 , he was traded from Denver to the New York Knicks just days prior to the NBA trade deadline . On January 24 , 2014 , against the Charlotte Bobcats , Anthony set the Madison Square Garden and Knicks ' single-game scoring record with a career-high 62 points . Anthony has been a member of the USA Olympic basketball team a record four times , winning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and gold medals at the 2008 , 2012 , and 2016 Summer Olympics . He is the United States Olympic men 's national basketball team all-time leading scorer , leader in rebounds and games played . | Tony Louis Mitchell Jr. -LRB- born April 7 , 1992 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the Metros de Santiago of the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto -LRB- LNB -RRB- . Mitchell is , weighs 235 pounds and plays the forward position . Mitchell was selected in the 2013 NBA draft in the second round -LRB- 37th overall -RRB- . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.To Kill a Mockingbird is a Southern Gothic novel by Harper Lee. | To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960 . It was immediately successful , winning the Pulitzer Prize , and has become a classic of modern American literature . The plot and characters are loosely based on Lee 's observations of her family , her neighbors and an event that occurred near her hometown of Monroeville , Alabama , in 1936 , when she was 10 years old . The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor , despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality . The narrator 's father , Atticus Finch , has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers . One critic explains the novel 's impact by writing , `` In the twentieth century , To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America , and its protagonist , Atticus Finch , the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism . '' As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman , the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence . Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class , courage , compassion , and gender roles in the American Deep South . The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice . Despite its themes , To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms , often challenged for its use of racial epithets . Reaction to the novel varied widely upon publication . Despite the number of copies sold and its widespread use in education , literary analysis of it is sparse . Author Mary McDonough Murphy , who collected individual impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird by several authors and public figures , calls the book `` an astonishing phenomenon '' . In 2006 , British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one `` every adult should read before they die '' . It was adapted into an Oscar-winning film in 1962 by director Robert Mulligan , with a screenplay by Horton Foote . Since 1990 , a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee 's hometown . To Kill a Mockingbird was Lee 's only published book until Go Set a Watchman , an earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird , was published on July 14 , 2015 . Lee continued to respond to her work 's impact until her death in February 2016 , although she had refused any personal publicity for herself or the novel since 1964 . | Nine Coaches Waiting is a then-contemporary suspense , Gothic Romance novel by Mary Stewart published originally in 1958 . The setting is the late 1950s -- contemporary to the time of its first publication . The novel tells the haunting tale of a young English governess , Linda Martin , who travels to the Château Valmy , near Thonon-les-Bains , France , to take care of nine-year-old Philippe de Valmy . There she finds herself tangled in a plot to murder her charge and tries to save him , which eventually results in the revelation of a dark secret . Linda 's name is short for Belinda , `` or for pretty '' as her mother used to say , but she goes by Linda throughout the book . In keeping with Linda 's background in poetry and other literature , Stewart employs chapter epigraphs with quotes from the works of numerous poets , playwrights , and authors , that fit the themes or actions of each scene . Among these are lines from Macbeth , King John , and Hamlet , by William Shakespeare , as well as from his Sonnets 88 and 90 . Others are from John Milton ; Charles Dickens ; John Keats ; Alfred , Lord Tennyson ; Elizabeth Barrett Browning ; Robert Browning John Donne ; George Villiers , Duke of Buckingham ; William Blake ; George Meredith ; and John Webster . All epigraphs are much briefer than Cyril Tourneur 's lines that head the first chapter and whence Stewart derived the book 's title . -LRB- See notes . -RRB- A good example is that from King John that introduces Chapter VIII : Thou art more deep damn 'd than Prince Lucifer . There is none yet so ugly a fiend in hell As thou shalt be , if thou didst kill this child . And the final epigraph -LRB- at Chapter XXI -RRB- : Look you , the stars shine still . -- John Webster , The Duchess of Malfi Cinderella is referred to by Linda , as is Jane Eyre , for obvious reasons . Mary Stewart 's vast literary knowledge and background is particularly , yet seamlessly , manifest in this book . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Star Trek had multiple films. | Star Trek is an American science fiction media franchise based on the television series created by Gene Roddenberry . The first television series , simply called Star Trek and now referred to as The Original Series , debuted in 1966 and aired for three seasons on the television network NBC . It followed the interstellar adventures of Captain James T. Kirk -LRB- William Shatner -RRB- and his crew aboard the starship USS Enterprise , a space exploration vessel , built by the interstellar federal republic United Federation of Planets in the twenty-third century . The Star Trek canon of the franchise includes The Original Series , an animated series , four spin-off television series , its film franchise and an upcoming television series scheduled to debut in 2017 . In creating Star Trek , Roddenberry was inspired by the Horatio Hornblower novels , the satirical book Gulliver 's Travels , and by works of western genre such as the television series Wagon Train . These adventures continued in the short-lived Star Trek : The Animated Series and six feature films . Four spin-off television series were eventually produced : Star Trek : The Next Generation followed the crew of a new starship Enterprise set a century after the original series ; Star Trek : Deep Space Nine and Star Trek : Voyager set contemporaneously with The Next Generation ; and Star Trek : Enterprise set before the original series in the early days of human interstellar travel . The adventures of The Next Generation crew continued in four additional feature films . In 2009 , the film franchise underwent a `` reboot '' set in an alternate timeline , or `` Kelvin Timeline '' , entitled simply Star Trek . This film featured a new cast portraying younger versions of the crew from the original show ; their adventures were continued in the sequel film , Star Trek Into Darkness -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . The thirteenth film feature and sequel , Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , was released to coincide with the franchise 's 50th anniversary . A new Star Trek TV series , entitled Star Trek : Discovery , is set to premiere on the digital platform CBS All Access . Star Trek has been a cult phenomenon for decades . Fans of the franchise are called Trekkies or Trekkers . The franchise spans a wide range of spin-offs including games , figurines , novels , toys , and comics . Star Trek had a themed attraction in Las Vegas that opened in 1998 and closed in September 2008 . At least two museum exhibits of props travel the world . The series has its own full-fledged constructed language , Klingon . Several parodies have been made of Star Trek . In addition , viewers have produced several fan productions . As of July 2016 , the franchise had generated $ 10 billion in revenue , making Star Trek one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time . Star Trek is noted for its cultural influence beyond works of science fiction . The franchise is also noted for its progressive civil rights stances . The Original Series included one of television 's first multiracial casts . Star Trek references may be found throughout popular culture from movies such as the submarine thriller Crimson Tide to the animated series South Park . | Star Trek : Titan is a series of Star Trek novels that take place after the events of the 2002 film Star Trek Nemesis , detailing the adventures of the U.S.S. Titan under the command of Starfleet Captain William T. Riker , who previously served for fifteen years as First Officer under Captain Jean-Luc Picard aboard the Enterprise-D and Enterprise-E on the TV show Star Trek : The Next Generation and the four feature films adapted from that series . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Jenni Rivera won an award presented by a network in the 21st century. | Dolores Janney Rivera Saavedra -LRB- July 2 , 1969 -- December 9 , 2012 -RRB- , better known as Jenni Rivera , was an American singer , songwriter , actress , television producer , spokesperson , philanthropist and entrepreneur known for her work within the Banda and ranchera music genres . In life and death , several media outlets including CNN , Billboard , Fox News , and The New York Times have labeled her as the most important female figure and top selling female artist in the Mexican music genre . Billboard magazine named her the `` top Latin artist of 2013 '' , the `` best selling Latin artist of 2013 '' . Rivera began recording music in 1992 . Her recordings often had themes of social issues , infidelity , and relationships . Rivera released her first studio album , Si Quieres Verme Llorar , in the late 1990s , failing to attain commercial success ; however , she rose to prominence in the United States and Mexico with her major-label debut , Parrandera , Rebelde y Atrevida . In the early 2000s , she was often criticized and was refused bookings at venues across California for performing Banda music -- a male-dominated music genre . However , her popularity grew after she won the Lo Nuestro Award for Regional Mexican Female Artist of the Year in 2007 , which she won nine consecutive times . Her tenth studio album , Jenni -LRB- 2008 -RRB- became her first No. 1 record on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart in the United States . In 2010 , she appeared in and produced the reality TV show Jenni Rivera Presents : Chiquis & Raq-C . She also appeared in and produced I Love Jenni starting in 2011 through 2013 and Chiquis 'n Control in 2012 . Her acting debut was in the film Filly Brown , which was released in 2013 . Rivera garnered nominations and awards from Latin music 's most prestigious accolades . Over the course of her career she was awarded two Oye ! Awards -LRB- Mexico 's equivalent to the United States ' Grammy Awards -RRB- , two Billboard Music Awards , twenty-two Billboard Latin Music Awards , eleven Billboard Mexican Music Awards and eighteen Lo Nuestro Awards . She received four Latin Grammy nominations . She has a star on the Las Vegas Walk of Stars , and she is one of the best-selling regional Mexican artists of all time , having sold more than 20 million records worldwide . Aside from music , she was active in her community and donated her time to civic causes . The National Coalition Against Domestic Violence appointed her its spokesperson in the United States . A proclamation was given `` officially naming '' August 6 `` Jenni Rivera Day '' by the Los Angeles City Council for all her charity work and community involvement . Rivera , along with six others , died in a plane crash near Iturbide , Nuevo León on December 9 , 2012 . Her death made international headlines for weeks . In December 2014 , Mexican authorities closed the investigation on what brought the plane down . Mexican Director of Civil Aviation , Gilberto Gómez Meyer , stated that the results of the plane crash have come back inconclusive and that they are unable to determine the exact cause of the crash . Lawsuits involving the owners of the plane , Rivera 's estate , and family members of those on board with Rivera have been filed in The Superior Court of Los Angeles County . | The Lo Nuestro Award for Pop Female Artist of the Year is an award presented annually by American network Univision . It was first awarded in 1989 and has been given annually since . The accolade was established to recognize the most talented performers of Latin music . The nominees and winners were originally selected by a voting poll conducted among program directors of Spanish-language radio stations in the United States and also based on chart performance on Billboard Latin music charts , with the results being tabulated and certified by the accounting firm Deloitte . At the present time , the winners are selected by the audience through an online survey . The trophy awarded is shaped in the form of a treble clef . The award was first presented to Spanish singer Isabel Pantoja . Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira is the most nominated performer and holds the record for the most awards , winning on nine occasions out of twelve nominations . Mexican singer-songwriter Ana Gabriel won in four consecutive ceremonies . Mexican-American singer Jenni Rivera , Cuban-American artist Gloria Estefan , Italian performer Laura Pausini and Mexican singers Thalía and Paulina Rubio have received two awards each . The current holder of the award is Mexican artist Thalía . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Hungary was founded by a grand prince named Árpád. | Hungary -LRB- -LSB- ˈhʌŋɡəri -RSB- Magyarország -LSB- ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ -RSB- -RRB- is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe . It covers an area of 93,030 km2 , situated in the Carpathian Basin , and is bordered by Slovakia to the north , Romania to the east , Serbia to the south , Croatia to the southwest , Slovenia to the west , Austria to the northwest , and Ukraine to the northeast . With about 10 million inhabitants , Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union . The official language is Hungarian , which is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe . Hungary 's capital and largest metropolis is Budapest , a significant economic hub , classified as a global city . Major urban areas include Debrecen , Szeged , Miskolc , Pécs and Győr . Following centuries of successive habitation by Celts , Romans , Slavs , Gepids and Avars , the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian grand prince Árpád in the conquest of the Carpathian Basin . His great-grandson Stephen I ascended to the throne in 1000 , converting the country to a Christian kingdom . By the 12th century , Hungary became a middle power within the Western world , reaching a golden age by the 15th century . Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526 and about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation -LRB- 1541 -- 1699 -RRB- , Hungary came under Habsburg rule , and later formed the great power Austro -- Hungarian Empire together with Austria . Hungary 's current borders were established in 1920 by the Treaty of Trianon after World War I , when the country lost 71 % of its territory , 58 % of its population , and 32 % of ethnic Hungarians . Following the interwar period , Hungary joined the Axis Powers in World War II , suffering significant damage and casualties . Hungary became a satellite state of the Soviet Union , which contributed to the establishment of a four-decade-long communist dictatorship -LRB- 1947 -- 1989 -RRB- . The country gained widespread international attention regarding the Revolution of 1956 and the seminal opening of its previously-restricted border with Austria in 1989 , which accelerated the collapse of the Eastern Bloc . On 23 October 1989 , Hungary again became a democratic parliamentary republic . In the 21st century , Hungary is a middle power and has the world 's 57th largest economy by nominal GDP , as well as the 58th largest by PPP , out of 188 countries measured by the IMF . As a substantial actor in several industrial and technological sectors , it is both the world 's 36th largest exporter and importer of goods . Hungary is a high-income economy with a very high standard of living . It keeps up a social security and universal health care system , and a tuition-free university education . Hungary performs well in international rankings : it is 20th in quality of life , 25th in inequality-adjusted human development , 32nd in the Social Progress Index , and ranks as the 19th safest country in the world . Hungary joined the European Union in 2004 and has been part of the Schengen Area since 2007 . Hungary is a member of the United Nations , NATO , WTO , World Bank , the AIIB , the Council of Europe and Visegrád Group . Well known for its rich cultural history , Hungary has contributed significantly to arts , music , literature , sports and science and technology . Hungary is the 11th most popular country as a tourist destination in Europe , attracting 14.3 million international tourists in 2015 . It is home to the largest thermal water cave system , the second largest thermal lake in the world , the largest lake in Central Europe , and the largest natural grasslands in Europe . | András Balogh -LRB- born on 6 March 1944 in Budapest -RRB- is a Hungarian historian and diplomat , a former ambassador to Thailand . His party , the Hungarian Socialist Party -LRB- MSZP -RRB- nominated him to the position of President of Hungary in 2010 . During a parliamental election the Fidesz-Christian Democratic People 's Party 's candidate Pál Schmitt was elected by an overwhelming majority . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Hogwarts is the primary setting for the first five books in the Harry Potter series. | Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry , shortened Hogwarts , is a fictional British school of magic for students aged eleven to eighteen , and is the primary setting for the first six books in J.K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series . Rowling has suggested that she may have inadvertently taken the name from the hogwort plant -LRB- Croton capitatus -RRB- , which she had seen at Kew Gardens some time before writing the series , although the names `` The Hogwarts '' and `` Hoggwart '' appear in the 1954 Nigel Molesworth book How To Be Topp by Geoffrey Willans . Hogwarts school was voted as the 36th best Scottish educational establishment in a 2008 online ranking , outranking Edinburgh 's Loretto School . According to a director of the Independent Schools Network Rankings , it was added to the schools listing `` for fun '' and was then voted on . | The Faerie Wars Chronicles is a fantasy action young adult novel series written by James Herbert Brennan . The first book in the series , Faerie Wars was published in the United Kingdom in February 2003 by Bloomsbury Publishing . As of 2011 , there are five books in the on-going series . Bloomsbury began releasing the series in the United States under its Bloomsbury USA imprint in April 2003 . In January 2007 , Macmillan Publishers began republishing the series in the United States under its Tor Books imprint . On January 16 , 2005 , the first novel in the series , Faerie Wars reached number 4 on the New York Times Best Seller list for paperback children 's books . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Anton Yelchin performed. | Anton Viktorovich Yelchin -LRB- Анто́н Ви́кторович Ельчи́н March 11 , 1989 -- June 19 , 2016 -RRB- was an American actor . He played Pavel Chekov in three Star Trek films , including the 2009 reboot film of the same name , along with the sequels , Star Trek Into Darkness and the posthumously released Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Born to a Russian Jewish family in Leningrad , Yelchin relocated to the United States , where he began performing in the late 1990s , appearing in several television and film roles , and received recognition in Hearts in Atlantis -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . His role as Jacob Clarke in Steven Spielberg 's miniseries Taken was significant in furthering his career as a child actor . He starred on the television series , including Huff and the posthumously released Trollhunters . He also starred in other films , including Alpha Dog -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Charlie Bartlett -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Terminator Salvation -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Fright Night -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , The Smurfs -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Only Lovers Left Alive -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Green Room -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Thoroughbred -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . In June 2016 , Yelchin died in a car incident in Studio City , California . | Anthony Young -LRB- January 1683 -- 8 May 1747 -RRB- was an English organist and composer . He was part of a well-known English family of musicians that included several professional singers and organists during the 17th and 18th centuries . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Neal Schon was born on December. | Neal Joseph Schon -LRB- born February 27 , 1954 -RRB- is an American rock guitarist , songwriter , and vocalist , best known for his work with the bands Journey and Bad English . He is Journey 's last original constant member , having participated in every album and tour to date . He was a member of the rock band Santana before forming Journey , and was also an original member of Hardline . Schon was inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame on August 23 , 2013 . Schon was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey on April 7 , 2017 . | Neal Tiemann -LRB- born December 22 , 1982 in Dallas , TX -RRB- is an American musician , currently the lead guitarist and songwriter of the rock band the Midwest Kings -LRB- MWK -RRB- , the lead guitarist for David Cook 's band The Anthemic , and guitarist for groove metal band DevilDriver . He spent most of 2009 on the Declaration Tour with Cook and served as the tour 's music director . Tiemann played guitar on Cook 's major label debut album David Cook as well as his independently released Analog Heart . He has also played on Burn Halo 's 2009 album `` Burn Halo '' and Bryan Jewett 's album `` A Brief Look at the New You . '' Tiemann and the rest of The Anthemic worked on Cook 's second album , This Loud Morning for RCA Records/19 On March 19 , 2015 , it was announced that Tiemann joined groove metal band DevilDriver . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Thor: The Dark World made 644.3 million dollars. | Thor : The Dark World is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It is the sequel to 2011 's Thor and the eighth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Alan Taylor , with a screenplay by Christopher Yost and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely . It stars Chris Hemsworth , Natalie Portman , Tom Hiddleston , Anthony Hopkins , Stellan Skarsgård , Idris Elba , Christopher Eccleston , Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje , Kat Dennings , Ray Stevenson , Zachary Levi , Tadanobu Asano , Jaimie Alexander , and Rene Russo . In Thor : The Dark World , Thor teams up with Loki to save the Nine Realms from the Dark Elves led by the vengeful Malekith , who intends to plunge the universe into darkness . Development of Thor : The Dark World began in April 2011 , when producer Kevin Feige announced plans for a sequel to follow the crossover film The Avengers . In July 2011 , Kenneth Branagh , the director of Thor , withdrew from the project . Brian Kirk and Patty Jenkins were considered to direct the film before Taylor was hired in January 2012 . The supporting cast filled out in August 2012 , with the hiring of Eccleston , Dennings , and Akinnuoye-Agbaje . Principal photography began in September 2012 in Surrey , England with filming continuing in Iceland and London , before wrapping up in December 2012 . Thor : The Dark World was converted to 3D in post-production . Thor : The Dark World premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on October 22 , 2013 . It was released internationally on October 30 , 2013 , and on November 8 , 2013 , in the United States . The film received mixed reviews , but was a commercial success , grossing over $ 644 million worldwide . A third film , Thor : Ragnarok , is set for release on November 3 , 2017 . | Deep Impact is a 1998 American science fiction disaster film directed by Mimi Leder , written by Bruce Joel Rubin and Michael Tolkin , and starring Robert Duvall , Téa Leoni , Elijah Wood , Vanessa Redgrave , Maximilian Schell , and Morgan Freeman . Steven Spielberg served as an executive producer of this film . It was released by Paramount Pictures in the United States and by DreamWorks Pictures internationally on May 8 , 1998 . The film depicts the attempts to prepare for and destroy a 7 mi wide comet set to collide with Earth and cause a mass extinction . Notably , Deep Impact was released in the same summer as a similarly themed rival , Armageddon , which fared better at the box office , while astronomers described Deep Impact as being more scientifically accurate . Both films were similarly received by critics , with Armageddon scoring 39 % and Deep Impact scoring 48 % on Rotten Tomatoes . Nonetheless , Deep Impact grossed over $ 349 million worldwide on an $ 80 million production budget . It was the final film by cinematographer Dietrich Lohmann . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Matrix Revolutions was written by Scrooge McDuck. | The Matrix Revolutions is a 2003 American -- Australian science fiction action film written and directed by The Wachowski Brothers . It was the third installment of the Matrix trilogy , released six months following The Matrix Reloaded . The film was released simultaneously in 60 countries on November 5 , 2003 . While it is the final film in the series , the Matrix storyline is continued in The Matrix Online . It was the second live-action film to be released in both regular and IMAX theaters at the same time . The film received generally average reviews from critics . | Matrix is the fourth extended play by South Korean boy group B.A.P. . It was released on November 16 , 2015 by TS Entertainment and distributed by LOEN Entertainment . It features the lead single `` Young , Wild & Free '' . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Criminology is included in International Relations. | International relations -LRB- IR -RRB- or international affairs , depending on academic institution , is either a field of political science , an interdisciplinary academic field similar to global studies , or an entirely independent academic discipline in which students take a variety of internationally focused courses in social science and humanities disciplines . In both cases , the field studies relationships between political entities -LRB- polities -RRB- such as states , sovereign states , empires , inter-governmental organizations -LRB- IGOs -RRB- , international non-governmental organizations -LRB- INs -RRB- , non-governmental organizations -LRB- NGOs -RRB- , and multinational corporations -LRB- MNCs -RRB- , and the wider world-systems produced by this interaction . International relations is an academic and a public policy field , and so can be positive and normative , because it analyzes and formulates the foreign policy of a given State . As political activity , international relations dates from the time of the Greek historian Thucydides -LRB- c. 460 -- 395 BC -RRB- , and , in the early 20th century , became a discrete academic field -LRB- No. 5901 in the 4-digit UNESCO Nomenclature -RRB- within political science . In practice International Relations and International Affairs forms a separate academic program or field from Political Science , and the courses taught therein are highly interdisciplinary . For example , international relations draws from the fields of : technology and engineering , economics , communication studies , history , international law , demography , philosophy , geography , social work , sociology , anthropology , criminology , psychology , gender studies , cultural studies , culturology , and diplomacy . The scope of international relations comprehends globalization , diplomatic relations , state sovereignty , international security , ecological sustainability , nuclear proliferation , nationalism , economic development , global finance , as well as terrorism and organized crime , human security , foreign interventionism , and human rights , as well , as , more recently , comparative religion . | The Coalition for the International Criminal Court -LRB- CICC -RRB- is an international non-governmental organisation -LRB- NGO -RRB- with a membership of over 2,500 organizations worldwide advocating for a fair , effective and independent International Criminal Court -LRB- ICC -RRB- . Coalition NGO members work in partnership to strengthen international cooperation with the ICC ; ensure that the court is fair , effective and independent ; make justice both visible and universal , and advance stronger national laws that deliver justice to victims of war crimes , crimes against humanity and genocide . The CICC is a project of the World Federalist Movement-Institute for Global Policy -LRB- WFM-IGP -RRB- and has secretariats in New York City , near the United Nations -LRB- UN -RRB- , and in The Hague , The Netherlands . Additionally , the CICC has regional offices in Argentina , Belgium , Benin , the Democratic Republic of Congo , Jordan , Lima and the Philippines . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Bal Gangadhar Tilak refused to teach. | Bal Gangadhar Tilak -LRB- or Lokmanya Tilak , ; 23 July 1856 -- 1 August 1920 -RRB- , born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak , was an Indian nationalist , teacher , social reformer , lawyer and an independence activist . He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement . The British colonial authorities called him `` Father of the Indian unrest . '' He was also conferred with the title of `` Lokmanya '' , which means `` accepted by the people -LRB- as their leader -RRB- '' . Tilak was one of the first and strongest advocates of Swaraj -LRB- `` self-rule '' -RRB- and a strong radical in Indian consciousness . He is known for his quote in Marathi , '' स्वराज्य हा माझा जन्मसिद्ध हक्क आहे आणि तो मी मिळवणारच '' -LRB- `` Swarajya is my birthright and I shall have it ! '' -RRB- in India . He formed a close alliance with many Indian National Congress leaders including Bipin Chandra Pal , Lala Lajpat Rai , Aurobindo Ghose , V. O. Chidambaram Pillai and Muhammad Ali Jinnah . | Chander Mohan , is the former Deputy Chief Minister of Haryana State in India . he is son of Bhajan Lal and brother of HJC president Kuldeep Bishnoi . Mohan was educated at the Lawrence School , Sanawar . He was dismissed from the State Cabinet for his prolonged absence from the office and resurfaced after marrying Anuradha Bali , alias Fiza -LRB- -LSB- -RRB- and converting to Islam with her and adopting the name Chand Mohammad -LRB- -LSB- -RRB- . The conversion was merely to facilitate a legal second marriage , as Hindus/Sikhs are not allowed multiple marriages in India . Some Muslim clerics protested the misuse of the tenets of Islam for `` a marriage of convenience '' . For this act of bigamy , he was disowned by his father , Bhajan Lal , who was the former Chief Minister of Haryana State . On 29 January 2009 , Mohan left Ms. Bali , claiming that he still loved his first wife and his children and wanted to reunite with them . He is believed to have moved to the Haryana city of Gurgaon at that time . He converted back to Hinduism and was readmitted to the Bishnoi community at a brief ceremony held at the Bishnoi Mandir in Hisar on 28 July 2009 in presence of religious leaders . Ms. Bali is a former Assistant Advocate General of Haryana who left her employment to marry Mohan in December 2008 . She was found dead , apparently having committed suicide , on 6 August 2012 She was cremated on 7 August 2012 in Chandigarh according to Hindu rites by her relatives . Police investigation Mohali police is clueless about mysterious circumstances leading to the death of Anuradha Bali . The police claimed that she had spoken to 8 people before her death and the last person she spoke to was Salim Alvi of Bulandshahar , who claimed to have been in constant touch with her . Salim also claimed that Bali had received death threats from some influential people in Haryana . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Erich von Manstein was a German commander of Nazi Germany's armed forces. | Fritz Erich Georg Eduard von Lewinski , known as Erich von Manstein -LRB- 24 November 1887 -- 9 June 1973 -RRB- , was a German commander of the Wehrmacht , Nazi Germany 's armed forces during the Second World War . He attained the rank of field marshal . Born into an aristocratic Prussian family with a long history of military service , Manstein joined the army at a young age and saw service on Western Front and Eastern Front during the First World War -LRB- 1914 -- 18 -RRB- . He rose to the rank of captain by the end of the war and was active in the inter-war period helping Germany rebuild her armed forces . In September 1939 , during the invasion of Poland at the beginning of the Second World War , he was serving as Chief of Staff to Gerd von Rundstedt 's Army Group South . Adolf Hitler chose Manstein 's strategy for the invasion of France of May 1940 , a plan later refined by Franz Halder and other members of the OKH . Anticipating a firm Allied reaction should the main thrust of the invasion take place through the Netherlands , Manstein devised an innovative operation -- later known as the Sichelschnitt -LRB- `` sickle cut '' -RRB- -- that called for an attack through the woods of the Ardennes and a rapid drive to the English Channel , thus cutting off the French and Allied armies in Belgium and Flanders . Attaining the rank of general at the end of the campaign , he was active in the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 and the Siege of Sevastopol -LRB- 1941 -- 1942 -RRB- , and was promoted to field marshal on 1 July 1942 . He also participated in the Siege of Leningrad . Germany 's fortunes in the war began to take an unfavourable turn later in 1942 , especially in the catastrophic Battle of Stalingrad , where Manstein commanded a failed relief effort -LRB- `` Operation Winter Storm '' -RRB- in December . Later known as the `` backhand blow '' , Manstein 's counteroffensive in the Third Battle of Kharkov -LRB- February -- March 1943 -RRB- regained substantial territory and resulted in the destruction of three Soviet armies and the retreat of three others . He was one of the primary commanders at the Battle of Kursk -LRB- July -- August 1943 -RRB- , one of the largest tank battles in history . His ongoing disagreements with Hitler over the conduct of the war led to his dismissal in March 1944 . He never obtained another command and was taken prisoner by the British in August 1945 , several months after Germany 's defeat . Manstein gave testimony at the main Nuremberg trials of war criminals in August 1946 , and prepared a paper that , along with his later memoirs , helped cultivate the myth of a `` clean Wehrmacht '' -- the myth that the German armed forces were not culpable for the atrocities of the Holocaust . In 1949 he was tried in Hamburg for war crimes and was convicted on nine of seventeen counts , including the poor treatment of prisoners of war and failing to protect civilian lives in his sphere of operations . His sentence of eighteen years in prison was later reduced to twelve , and he served only four years before being released in 1953 . As a military advisor to the West German government in the mid-1950s , he helped re-establish the armed forces . His memoir , Verlorene Siege -LRB- 1955 -RRB- , translated into English as Lost Victories , was highly critical of Hitler 's leadership , and only dealt with the military aspects of the war , ignoring its political and ethical contexts . Manstein died in Munich in 1973 . | Operation Manacle was the name given to a series of British Commando raids during the Second World War . The raids were conducted by Layforce II and ad hoc formation formed by three troops from No. 4 Commando Their objectives were to take out German strong-points and to conduct reconnaissance , on the coastline of France . They were unofficially known as the Menday Force named after the commander of Layforce II . No. 4 Commando participated in Manacle 5 at Qnival and Manacle 8 at Quend Plage operating from Dover . The Manacle , and associated Hardtack raids , were finally abandoned on orders from Combined Operations Headquarters because they encouraged the Germans to reinforce their positions which , in the longer term , could be disadvantageous to the Allies . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Bob Arum was in a boxing career. | Robert Arum -LRB- born December 8 , 1931 -RRB- is an American lawyer , boxing promoter and businessman . He is the founder and CEO of Top Rank , a professional boxing promotion company based in Las Vegas . He also worked for the US Attorney 's Office for the southern district of New York in the tax division during his legal career before moving into boxing promotion . | Showtime Championship Boxing is a television boxing program airing on Showtime . Debuting in March 1986 , it is broadcast live on the first Saturday of every month . Showtime Championship Boxing , which is very similar to HBO World Championship Boxing , features Mauro Ranallo on blow-by-blow , Al Bernstein as the color analyst , Jimmy Lennon -LRB- Sr. and Jr. -RRB- as announcers , and Jim Gray as reporter . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.PageRank was named after Bill Gates. | PageRank -LRB- PR -RRB- is an algorithm used by Google Search to rank websites in their search engine results . PageRank was named after Larry Page , one of the founders of Google . PageRank is a way of measuring the importance of website pages . According to Google : It is not the only algorithm used by Google to order search engine results , but it is the first algorithm that was used by the company , and it is the best-known . | Submit Express is a search engine optimization company . The company offers services including SEO , search engine marketing , social media marketing , link building , content writing and reputation management services . Submit Express was founded in 1998 by Pierre Zarokian making it one of the oldest continuously operating SEO firms . The company was named one of Deloitte Fast 500 in 2009 and on the Inc. 5000 list of the fastest-growing companies in the US in 2007 , 2008 and 2009 . The site has also been named the No. 1 Top SEO Website in 2010 by Jon Samsel 's Heardable.com , with over 1 million inbound links , and more than 79,000 visitors each month . Submit Express ' founder , Zarokian -LRB- a computer scientist -RRB- , was named one of the San Fernando Valley Business Journals `` Forty Under 40 '' award winners in 2010 for his achievements as a businessperson . He writes for several search engine industry publications , including Search Engine Watch , Sitepoint and Search Engine Journal . Zarokian was also listed in ClickZs `` 37 SEO Experts Those in the Know Follow '' in 2014 . Zarokian founded the company 1998 , at about the same time Google was established . He was intrigued with how search engines determined their rankings while developing a search engine for a Yellow Pages site . Though the company was sanctioned by Google for black hat SEO activities in 2001 , the company has since only employed white hat methods and practices . The company was one of the top 10 results on Google for `` search engine optimization '' from 2000 to 2009 . Submit Express , Zarokian and its employees have also been featured as sources in articles about the SEO and reputation management business in publications that include Los Angeles Times , The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times in addition to search engine industry websites . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Nazi Germany was a fascist state in which the Nazi Party took totalitarian control. | Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945 , when Germany was governed by a dictatorship under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party -LRB- NSDAP -RRB- . Under Hitler 's rule , Germany was transformed into a fascist state in which the Nazi Party took totalitarian control over nearly all aspects of life . The official name of the state was Deutsches Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Großdeutsches Reich -LRB- `` Greater German Reich '' -RRB- from 1943 to 1945 . The period is also known under the names the Third Reich -LRB- Drittes Reich -RRB- and the National Socialist Period -LRB- Zeit des Nationalsozialismus , abbreviated as NS-Zeit -RRB- . The Nazi regime came to an end after the Allied Powers defeated Germany in May 1945 , ending World War II in Europe . Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany by the President of the Weimar Republic Paul von Hindenburg on 30 January 1933 . The Nazi Party then began to eliminate all political opposition and consolidate its power . Hindenburg died on 2 August 1934 , and Hitler became dictator of Germany by merging the powers and offices of the Chancellery and Presidency . A national referendum held 19 August 1934 confirmed Hitler as sole Führer -LRB- leader -RRB- of Germany . All power was centralised in Hitler 's person , and his word became above all laws . The government was not a coordinated , co-operating body , but a collection of factions struggling for power and Hitler 's favour . In the midst of the Great Depression , the Nazis restored economic stability and ended mass unemployment using heavy military spending and a mixed economy . Extensive public works were undertaken , including the construction of Autobahnen -LRB- motorways -RRB- . The return to economic stability boosted the regime 's popularity . Racism , especially antisemitism , was a central feature of the regime . The Germanic peoples -LRB- the Nordic race -RRB- were considered by the Nazis to be the purest branch of the Aryan race , and were therefore viewed as the master race . Millions of Jews and other peoples deemed undesirable by the state were murdered in the Holocaust . Opposition to Hitler 's rule was ruthlessly suppressed . Members of the liberal , socialist , and communist opposition were killed , imprisoned , or exiled . Christian churches were also oppressed , with many leaders imprisoned . Education focused on racial biology , population policy , and fitness for military service . Career and educational opportunities for women were curtailed . Recreation and tourism were organised via the Strength Through Joy program , and the 1936 Summer Olympics showcased the Third Reich on the international stage . Propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels made effective use of film , mass rallies , and Hitler 's hypnotic oratory to control public opinion . The government controlled artistic expression , promoting specific art forms and banning or discouraging others . Beginning in the late 1930s , Nazi Germany made increasingly aggressive territorial demands , threatening war if they were not met . It seized Austria and Czechoslovakia in 1938 and 1939 . Hitler made a non-aggression pact with Joseph Stalin and invaded Poland in September 1939 , launching World War II in Europe . In alliance with Italy and smaller Axis powers , Germany conquered most of Europe by 1940 and threatened Great Britain . Reichskommissariats took control of conquered areas , and a German administration was established in what was left of Poland . Jews and others deemed undesirable were imprisoned , murdered in Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps , or shot . Following the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 , the tide gradually turned against the Nazis , who suffered major military defeats in 1943 . Large-scale aerial bombing of Germany escalated in 1944 , and the Axis powers were pushed back in Eastern and Southern Europe . Following the Allied invasion of France , Germany was conquered by the Soviet Union from the east and the other Allied powers from the west and capitulated within a year . Hitler 's refusal to admit defeat led to massive destruction of German infrastructure and additional war-related deaths in the closing months of the war . The victorious Allies initiated a policy of denazification and put many of the surviving Nazi leadership on trial for war crimes at the Nuremberg trials . | The military decorations of Nazi Germany were awards and medals bestowed by the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS between 1935 and 1945 , during the rule of the Nazi Party in Germany and the years of World War II . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Mediterranean cuisine dishes exclude meat stews. | Mediterranean cuisine represents the foods and methods of preparation by people of the Mediterranean Basin region , primarily as it pertains to Southern Europe . The region 's food came to be seen as a more or less unified cuisine following the cookery writer Elizabeth David 's book , A Book of Mediterranean Food -LRB- 1950 -RRB- . Other writers , such as the Tunisian historian Mohamed Yassine Essid , have agreed with David , defining the three core elements of the cuisine as the olive , wheat , and the grape , yielding olive oil , bread and pasta , and wine , respectively . The geographical area covered broadly follows the distribution of the olive tree , as noted by David and Essid . The region spans a wide variety of cultures with distinct cuisines , in particular -LRB- going anticlockwise around the region -RRB- the Maghrebi , Levantine , Ottoman -LRB- Turkish -RRB- , Greek , Italian , Provençal -LRB- French -RRB- , and Spanish . However , the historical connections of the region , as well as the impact of the Mediterranean Sea on the region 's climate and economy , mean that these cuisines share dishes beyond the core trio of oil , bread , and wine , such as roast lamb or mutton , meat stews with vegetables and tomato -LRB- for example , Spanish andrajos and Italian ciambotta -RRB- , and the salted cured fish roe , bottarga , found across the region . The cooking of the area is not to be confused with the Mediterranean diet , made popular because of the apparent health benefits of a diet rich in olive oil , wheat and other grains , fruits , vegetables , and a certain amount of seafood , but low in meat and dairy products . Mediterranean cuisine encompasses the ways that these and other ingredients , including meat , are dealt with in the kitchen , whether they are health-giving or not . | Stew peas is a Jamaican stew prepared using coconut milk , beans and salted meat . It is a common and popular dish in Jamaica , is also common in the Caribbean , and has been described as a national dish of Jamaica . Stew peas with rice was declared to be `` the best dish made in Jamaica '' by The Gleaner in 1992 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Kevin Spacey starred in the action comedy film Baby Driver. | Baby Driver is a 2017 British -- American action comedy film written and directed by Edgar Wright , and starring Ansel Elgort , Kevin Spacey , Lily James , Jon Bernthal , Eiza González , Jon Hamm and Jamie Foxx . The film follows a young getaway driver -LRB- played by Elgort -RRB- who is reluctantly coerced to work for a veteran kingpin -LRB- played by Spacey -RRB- at `` one last job '' in exchange to start a better life . The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 11 , 2017 and is scheduled to be released theatrically on June 28 , 2017 , by TriStar Pictures . | Easy Riders , Raging Bulls : How the Sex-Drugs-and-Rock 'N Roll Generation Saved Hollywood is a book written by Peter Biskind and published by Simon & Schuster in 1998 . Easy Riders , Raging Bulls is about the 1970s Hollywood , a period of American film known for the production of such films such as The Godfather , The Godfather Part II , Chinatown , Taxi Driver , Jaws , Star Wars , The Exorcist , and The Last Picture Show . The title is taken from films which bookend the era : Easy Rider -LRB- 1969 -RRB- and Raging Bull -LRB- 1980 -RRB- . The book follows Hollywood on the brink of the Vietnam War , when a group of young Hollywood film directors known as the `` movie brats '' are making their names . It begins in the 1960s and ends in the 1980s . The book was the basis of a 2003 documentary film of the same name directed by Kenneth Bowser and narrated by actor William H. Macy . It was screened out of competition at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival . Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 100 % based on reviews from 8 critics . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Natalie Portman is an actress in the Star Wars franchise. | Natalie Portman -LRB- born Neta-Lee Hershlag , נטע-לי הרשלג June 9 , 1981 -RRB- is an actress with dual American and Israeli citizenship . Her first role was in the 1994 action thriller Léon : The Professional , opposite Jean Reno . She was later cast as Padmé Amidala in the Star Wars prequel trilogy -LRB- released in 1999 , 2002 and 2005 -RRB- . Born in Jerusalem to an Israeli father and American mother , Portman grew up in the eastern United States from the age of three . She studied dancing and acting in New York , and starred in Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace while still at high school on Long Island . In 1999 , Portman enrolled at Harvard University to study psychology , alongside her work as an actress ; she completed a bachelor 's degree in 2003 . During her studies she starred in a second Star Wars film and opened in New York City 's The Public Theater production of Anton Chekhov 's The Seagull in 2001 . Portman won a Golden Globe and was nominated for an Academy Award for starring in the 2004 drama Closer , appeared in Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith the following year , and won a Constellation Award for Best Female Performance and the Saturn Award for Best Actress for her starring role in the political thriller V for Vendetta -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . She played leading roles in the historical dramas Goya 's Ghosts -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and The Other Boleyn Girl -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and also appeared in Thor -LRB- 2011 -RRB- and its 2013 sequel . In 2010 , Portman starred in the psychological thriller film Black Swan . Her performance received widespread critical acclaim and she earned her first Academy Award for Best Actress , her second Golden Globe Award , the SAG Award , the BAFTA Award and the BFCA Award in 2011 . In 2016 , she portrayed First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in the biographical drama Jackie . She was nominated for an Academy Award , a BAFTA Award , a Golden Globe Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award and won the BFCA for Best Actress . In May 2008 , Portman served as the youngest member of the 61st Annual Cannes Film Festival jury . The same year she directed a segment of the collective film New York , I Love You . Her first feature film as a director , A Tale of Love and Darkness , was released in 2015 . | The Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Actress is an annual film award given by the Online Film Critics Society to honor the best lead actress of the year . Natalie Portman , Naomi Watts and Reese Witherspoon have each won this award twice . Cate Blanchett has been awarded three times . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.An anti-nuclear antibodies subtype is anti-dsDNA antibodies. | Antinuclear antibodies -LRB- ANAs , also known as antinuclear factor or ANF -RRB- are autoantibodies that bind to contents of the cell nucleus . In normal individuals , the immune system produces antibodies to foreign proteins -LRB- antigens -RRB- but not to human proteins -LRB- autoantigens -RRB- . In some individuals , antibodies to human antigens are produced . There are many subtypes of ANAs such as anti-Ro antibodies , anti-La antibodies , anti-Sm antibodies , anti-nRNP antibodies , anti-Scl-70 antibodies , anti-dsDNA antibodies , anti-histone antibodies , antibodies to nuclear pore complexes , anti-centromere antibodies and anti-sp100 antibodies . Each of these antibody subtypes binds to different proteins or protein complexes within the nucleus . They are found in many disorders including autoimmunity , cancer and infection , with different prevalences of antibodies depending on the condition . This allows the use of ANAs in the diagnosis of some autoimmune disorders , including systemic lupus erythematosus , Sjögren 's syndrome , scleroderma , mixed connective tissue disease , polymyositis , dermatomyositis , autoimmune hepatitis and drug induced lupus . The ANA test detects the autoantibodies present in an individual 's blood serum . The common tests used for detecting and quantifying ANAs are indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -LRB- ELISA -RRB- . In immunofluorescence , the level of autoantibodies is reported as a titre . This is the highest dilution of the serum at which autoantibodies are still detectable . Positive autoantibody titres at a dilution equal to or greater than 1:160 are usually considered as clinically significant . Positive titres of less than 1:160 are present in up to 20 % of the healthy population , especially the elderly . Although positive titres of 1:160 or higher are strongly associated with autoimmune disorders , they are also found in 5 % of healthy individuals . Autoantibody screening is useful in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders and monitoring levels helps to predict the progression of disease . A positive ANA test is seldom useful if other clinical or laboratory data supporting a diagnosis are not present . | Signal interfering DNA -LRB- siDNA -RRB- is a class of short modified double stranded DNA molecules , 8-64 base pairs in length . siDNA molecules are capable of inhibiting DNA repair activities by interfering with multiple repair pathways . In general , these molecules act by mimicking DNA breaks and interfering with recognition and repair of DNA damage induced on chromosomes by irradiation or genotoxic products . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.United States contains Miami. | The United States of America -LRB- USA -RRB- , commonly known as the United States -LRB- U.S. -RRB- or America , is a constitutional federal republic composed of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico . The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America , bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west . The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean . The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea . Nine time zones are covered . The geography , climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse . At 3.8 million square miles -LRB- 9.8 million km2 -RRB- and with over 324 million people , the United States is the world 's third - or fourth-largest country by total area , third-largest by land area , and the third-most populous . It is one of the world 's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations , and is home to the world 's largest immigrant population . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the largest city is New York City ; nine other major metropolitan areas -- each with at least 4.5 million inhabitants and the largest having more than 13 million people -- are Los Angeles , Chicago , Dallas , Houston , Philadelphia , Miami , Atlanta , Boston , and San Francisco . Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years ' War led to the American Revolution , which began in 1775 . On July 4 , 1776 , during the course of the American Revolutionary War , the colonies unanimously adopted the Declaration of Independence . The war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain , representing the first successful war of independence against a European power . The current constitution was adopted in 1788 , after the Articles of Confederation , adopted in 1781 , were felt to have provided inadequate federal powers . The first ten amendments , collectively named the Bill of Rights , were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century , displacing Native American tribes , acquiring new territories , and gradually admitting new states until it spanned the continent by 1848 . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the end of legal slavery in the country . By the end of that century , the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean , and its economy , driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution , began to soar . The Spanish -- American War and confirmed the country 's status as a global military power . The United States emerged from as a global superpower , the first country to develop nuclear weapons , the only country to use them in warfare , and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council . The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the world 's sole superpower . The U.S. is a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , International Monetary Fund , Organization of American States -LRB- OAS -RRB- , and other international organizations . The United States is a highly developed country , with the world 's largest economy by nominal GDP and second-largest economy by PPP . Though its population is only 4.3 % of the world total , Americans hold nearly 40 % of the total wealth in the world . The United States ranks among the highest in several measures of socioeconomic performance , including average wage , human development , per capita GDP , and productivity per person . While the U.S. economy is considered post-industrial , characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy , the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world . Accounting for approximately a quarter of global GDP and a third of global military spending , the United States is the world 's foremost economic and military power . The United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally , and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations . | Miami FC is an American professional soccer team based in Miami , Florida . They began play in the North American Soccer League , the second tier of the American soccer pyramid , in the 2016 season . They play home games at Riccardo Silva Stadium . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The brown bear is not a mammal. | The brown bear -LRB- Ursus arctos -RRB- is a large bear with the widest distribution of any living ursid . The species is distributed across much of northern Eurasia and North America . It is one of the two largest terrestrial carnivorans alive today , rivaled in body size only by its close cousin , the polar bear -LRB- Ursus maritimus -RRB- , which is much less variable in size and averages larger due to this . There are several recognized subspecies , many of which are quite well-known within their native ranges , found in the brown bear species . The brown bear 's principal range includes parts of Russia , Central Asia , China , Canada , the United States -LRB- mostly Alaska -RRB- , Scandinavia and the Carpathian region -LRB- especially Romania -RRB- , Anatolia , and Caucasus . The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries . While the brown bear 's range has shrunk and it has faced local extinctions , it remains listed as a least concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature -LRB- IUCN -RRB- with a total population of approximately 200,000 . As of 2012 , this and the American black bear are the only bear species not classified as threatened by the IUCN . However , the Californian , North African -LRB- Atlas bear -RRB- , and Mexican subspecies were hunted to extinction in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries , and many of the southern Asian subspecies are highly endangered . One of the smaller-bodied subspecies , the Himalayan brown bear , is critically endangered , occupying only 2 % of its former range and threatened by uncontrolled poaching for its parts . The Marsican brown bear , one of several currently isolated populations of the main Eurasian brown bear race , in central Italy is believed to have a population of just 30 to 40 bears . | Brody the bear -LRB- born January 14 , 1995 -RRB- is a male Kodiak bear who is trained to be an animal actor . His adult size and weight also compare him to the late Bart the Bear . The bear was raised and trained by his owner , Jeff Watson , since he was 8 weeks old and weighed less than 10 pounds -LRB- 4.5 kg -RRB- . His first television appearance was on Good Morning America at the age of 12 weeks . He has appeared in numerous films , television shows , commercials and print ads and has worked with some of the top wildlife photographers in the United States . He also appeared on the cover of National Geographic Magazine in July 2001 . Brody and Watson have traveled throughout the United States educating the public about bears and safety while spending time in bear country hiking , camping and fishing . During their travels , they had the opportunity to spend a day with Muhammad Ali at his private residence . Brody the Bear is sponsored by Berne Apparel , a manufacturer of outdoor work apparel , as their live mascot and is pictured in the company 's corporate logo and other marketing materials . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Boys from Brazil features James Mason. | The Boys from Brazil is a 1978 British-American science fiction thriller film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner . It stars Gregory Peck and Laurence Olivier and features James Mason , Lilli Palmer , Uta Hagen , Denholm Elliott , and Steve Guttenberg in supporting roles . The film is based on the 1976 novel of the same name by Ira Levin , and was nominated for three Academy Awards . | 20th Century Masters -- The Millennium Collection : The Best of Boyz II Men is a 2003 mid-price greatest hits LP for R&B group Boyz II Men , released by Motown Records . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Tori Kelly was born in December 1992. | Victoria Loren `` Tori '' Kelly -LRB- born December 14 , 1992 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , record producer and voice actress who slowly gained recognition after starting to post videos on YouTube at the age of 14 . When she was 16 , Kelly auditioned for the singing competition television series American Idol . After being eliminated from the show , Kelly began to work on her own music . In 2012 , she independently released her first EP that she produced , wrote , and mixed herself , titled Handmade Songs By Tori Kelly . The following year , Scooter Braun became her manager after seeing her videos on YouTube and introduced her to Capitol Records , with whom she signed in September . Kelly 's second EP Foreword came out in October 2013 as her first major label release . On June 23 , 2015 , Kelly 's debut album , Unbreakable Smile , was released . The lead single , `` Nobody Love '' , was released in the spring and became her first US Billboard Hot 100 appearance . Kelly was nominated for Best New Artist at the 58th Grammy Awards . She voiced a shy teenage elephant named Meena in the 2016 animated film Sing . | Joi Cardwell -LRB- born October 8 , 1967 -RRB- is an American singer-songwriter . Born and raised in New York City , New York , she performed in various singing competitions as a child and rose to fame in the early 1990s as guest vocalist for Lil Louis on the number 1 Dance singles `` Club Lonely '' and `` Saved My Life '' . The release of Cardwell 's debut album , The World Is Full of Trouble -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , established her as a solo artist worldwide and featured the Billboard Dance top-five singles number-one singles `` Jump for Joi '' and `` Love & Devotion '' . Her second album , Joi Cardwell -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , spawned the top-charting singles `` Soul to Bare '' , `` Run to You '' , and `` Found Love '' . In 1999 , she released her third album Deliverance on her own record label No-Mad Industries . Her fourth album , The Plain Jane Project -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , yielded the top-ten singles `` Freedom '' and `` It 's Over '' . She continued to release albums on her recording label including Wanderlust -LRB- The Soundtrack -RRB- -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Must Be the Music -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . In 2014 , Cardwell resurfaced with her seventh album The Art of Being , which was released on her new recording label Curly Gurly Records . In 2016 , Billboard magazine ranked her at # 43 amongst the Greatest of All Time Top Dance Club Artists . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Sa Talaiassa is located within the Balearic Islands of Spain. | Sa Talaiassa -LRB- -LSB- sə təɫəˈjasə -RSB- -RRB- , also known as Sa Talaia or Sa Talaia de Sant Josep , is the highest mountain in the island of Ibiza in the Balearic Islands of Spain . It is located in the southwest of the island . Talaia , the name of the mountain , means `` watchtower '' in Catalan , Talaiassa referring to an especially large one . Sant Josep de sa Talaia , the island 's largest municipality , is named after this mountain . | Talasea is a village on the Talasea Peninsula , West New Britain Province , Papua New Guinea . Category : Populated places in West New Britain Province |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Clarence Thomas attended law school. | Clarence Thomas -LRB- born June 23 , 1948 -RRB- is an American judge , lawyer , and government official who currently serves as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States . Thomas succeeded Thurgood Marshall and is the second African American to serve on the court . Thomas grew up in Savannah , Georgia , and was educated at the College of the Holy Cross and at Yale Law School . In 1974 , he was appointed an Assistant Attorney General in Missouri and subsequently practiced law there in the private sector . In 1979 , he became a legislative assistant to Senator John Danforth -LRB- R-MO -RRB- and in 1981 was appointed Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights at the U.S. Department of Education . In 1982 , President Ronald Reagan appointed Thomas Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission -LRB- EEOC -RRB- . In 1990 , President George H. W. Bush nominated Thomas for a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit . He served in that role for 16 months and on July 1 , 1991 , was nominated by Bush to fill Marshall 's seat on the United States Supreme Court . Thomas 's confirmation hearings were bitter and intensely fought , centering on an accusation that he had sexually harassed attorney Anita Hill , a subordinate at the Department of Education and subsequently at the EEOC . The U.S. Senate ultimately confirmed Thomas by a vote of 52 -- 48 . Since joining the court , Thomas has taken a textualist approach , seeking to uphold the original meaning of the United States Constitution and statutes . He is generally viewed as the most conservative member of the court . Thomas is also known for his practice of rarely speaking during oral arguments . | Flemming L. Norcott , Jr. -LRB- born October 11 , 1943 -RRB- is a former Associate Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court . He was appointed to the Connecticut Superior Court in 1979 and remained there until his elevation to the Connecticut Appellate Court in 1987 . He was appointed to the Connecticut Supreme Court in 1992 . He also serves as Associate Fellow of Calhoun College at Yale University , as well as a lecturer . Justice Norcott received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Columbia University in 1965 and a Juris Doctorate degree from Columbia Law School in 1968 . He was born in New Haven , Connecticut . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Bruno Mars does not have his own band. | Peter Gene Hernandez -LRB- born October 8 , 1985 -RRB- , known professionally as Bruno Mars -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɑrz -RSB- -RRB- , is an American singer-songwriter , multi-instrumentalist , record producer , and choreographer . Born and raised in Honolulu , Hawaii , by a family of musicians , Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood . He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career . After being dropped by Motown Records , Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009 . In 2009 , he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons , responsible for the singles `` Nothin ' on You '' by B.o.B and `` Billionaire '' by Travie McCoy . He featured on the hooks for both singles , becoming recognized as a solo artist . His debut studio album Doo-Wops & Hooligans -LRB- 2010 -RRB- included the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles `` Just the Way You Are '' and `` Grenade '' , as well as the number-four single `` The Lazy Song '' . His second album , Unorthodox Jukebox -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , peaked at number one in the United States . The album spawned the international singles `` Locked Out of Heaven '' , `` When I Was Your Man '' and `` Treasure '' . In 2014 , Mars lent his vocals to Mark Ronson 's `` Uptown Funk '' . In 2016 , he released his third studio album 24K Magic with the lead single of the same title released on October 7 , 2016 . To date , he has sold over 115 million singles and 9 million albums worldwide , making him one of the best-selling artists of all time . Mars has landed seven number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 since his career launched in 2010 , attaining his first five faster than any male artist since Elvis Presley . Mars has received many awards and nominations , including five Grammy Awards , and was named one of Times 100 most influential people in the world in 2011 . In December 2013 , he ranked number one on the Forbes 30 under 30 list . Mars is known for his stage performances and retro showmanship . He is accompanied by his band , The Hooligans , who play a variety of instruments such as electric guitar , bass , piano , keyboards , drums and horns , and also serve as backup singers and dancers . Mars performs in a wide range of musical styles . | It 's Better If You Do n't Understand is the debut extended play -LRB- EP -RRB- by American singer Bruno Mars . Its title comes from the final lyrics of one of its songs , `` The Other Side '' . The EP consists of four tracks and incorporates pop , pop rock , and hip hop music genres . The record was made available for digital download on May 11 , 2010 by Elektra Records in the United States , and on August 11 , 2010 by Atlantic Records in France . The song `` Count on Me '' was not featured on the track list of the latter release . To promote the album , Mars released a home video for the recording `` The Other Side '' . All of the material on the EP was produced by The Smeezingtons members Mars , Philip Lawrence and Ari Levine , with the closing track being co-produced by Jeff Bhasker . It 's Better If You Do n't Understand received generally rave reviews from music critics -- AllMusic 's David Jeffres praised the album as showcasing Mars ' songwriting abilities and a genre that `` leans towards '' pop , while About.com 's Bill Lamb viewed the EP positively as `` music that should be on your radio '' , calling it a `` pop pleasure '' . All of the songs from It 's Better If You Do n't Understand were later included on Mars ' debut studio album , Doo-Wops & Hooligans -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and , with the exception of `` Somewhere in Brooklyn '' , were performed on the tour of the same name . The EP peaked at number 99 on the Billboard 200 in the United States , and at number 97 on the UK Singles Chart . As of 2011 , it has sold 27,000 copies in the US . `` The Other Side '' peaked separately on the UK Singles Chart at number 117 . In an interview , with Los Angeles Times , Mars ' admitted he regrets to have `` wasted '' the title of this record . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Aishwarya Rai received numerous awards and accolades from India. | Aishwarya Rai -LRB- born 1 November 1973 -RRB- , also known by her married name Aishwarya Rai Bachchan , is an Indian actress , model and the winner of the Miss World 1994 pageant . Through her successful acting career , she has established herself as one of the most popular and influential celebrities in India . Rai has received numerous awards and accolades , including two Filmfare Awards from eleven nominations , and she was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2009 . She has often been called `` the most beautiful woman in the world '' . While in college , Rai did a few modelling jobs . Following appearances in several television commercials , she entered the Miss India pageant , in which she placed second . She was then crowned Miss World 1994 , after which she began receiving offers to act in film . She made her acting debut in Mani Ratnam 's 1997 Tamil film Iruvar and had her first Hindi film release in Aur Pyaar Ho Gaya that same year . Her first commercial success was the Tamil romantic drama Jeans -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , following which she achieved wider success and won two Best Actress awards at Filmfare for her performances in Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Devdas -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Rai garnered critical appreciation for portraying a passionate artist in the Tamil romance Kandukondain Kandukondain -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Tagore 's heroine , Binodini , in the Bengali film Chokher Bali -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , a depressed woman in the drama Raincoat -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Kiranjit Ahluwalia in the British drama film Provoked -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , as a nurse in the drama Guzaarish -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and as a justise-seeking sister in the biographical drama Sarbjit -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . Rai 's greatest commercial successes have been the romance Mohabbatein -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , the adventure film Dhoom 2 -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , the historical romance Jodhaa Akbar -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , the science fiction film Enthiran -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the romantic drama Ae Dil Hai Mushkil -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Rai married actor Abhishek Bachchan in 2007 with whom she has one daughter . Her off-screen roles include duties as a brand ambassador for several charity organisations and campaigns . She is a Goodwill Ambassador for the Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS -LRB- UNAIDS -RRB- . In 2003 , she was the first Indian actress to be a jury member at the Cannes Film Festival . | Shreya Ghoshal is an Indian playback singer . Best known as a singer in Hindi and Telugu films , she also sings in other Indian languages including Tamil , Kannada , Malayalam , Marathi , Gujarati , Bengali , Assamese , Nepali , Oriya , Bhojpuri , Punjabi , Urdu , Tulu etc and has established herself as a leading playback singer of Indian cinema . Ghoshal 's career began when she won the Sa Re Ga Ma Pa contest as an adult . Her Bollywood playback singing career began with Devdas , for which she received National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer along with Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer and Filmfare RD Burman Award for New Music Talent . Apart from playback singing , Ghoshal has appeared as a judge on several television reality shows . She performs in musical concerts around the world . She has been honored by the U.S. state of Ohio , where the governor Ted Strickland declared 26 June 2010 as `' Shreya Ghoshal Day '' . In April 2013 , she was awarded with the highest honour in London by the selected members of House of Commons of the United Kingdom . In July 2015 , John Cranley , the Mayor of the City of Cincinnati also honoured her by proclaiming July 24 , 2015 as `` Shreya Ghoshal Day of Entertainment and Inspiration '' in Cincinnati . She was also featured five times in Forbes list of the top 100 celebrities of India . In 2017 , Ghoshal became the first Indian singer to have a wax figure of her in Madame Tussauds Museum . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lost Highway (film) is a French-American film. | Lost Highway is a 1997 French-American film written and directed by David Lynch . It stars Bill Pullman as a man convicted of murdering his wife -LRB- Patricia Arquette -RRB- , after which he inexplicably morphs into a young mechanic and begins leading a new life . The movie , which has noir elements , features the last film appearances of Robert Blake , Jack Nance , and Richard Pryor , and the acting debut of Marilyn Manson . Lynch co-wrote the screenplay with Barry Gifford , whose novel served as the basis for Lynch 's film Wild at Heart -LRB- 1990 -RRB- . Lynch conceived Lost Highway after the critical and box office failure of Twin Peaks : Fire Walk with Me -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , a film adaptation and follow-up to the cult television series Twin Peaks . Despite receiving mixed reviews , Lost Highway has developed a cult following and is greatly admired by some critics . In 2003 , the film was adapted as an opera . | Lost in the Stratosphere is a 1934 American aviation drama film directed by Melville W. Brown and starring William Cagney , Edward J. Nugent and June Collyer . In one of his few roles in front of the cameras , Cagney was the lookalike younger brother of James Cagney . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Bounty was based on a novel. | The Bounty is a 1984 British historical drama film directed by Roger Donaldson , starring Mel Gibson and Anthony Hopkins , and produced by Bernard Williams with Dino De Laurentiis as executive producer . It is the fifth film version of the story of the mutiny on the Bounty . The screenplay was by Robert Bolt and it was based on the book Captain Bligh and Mr. Christian -LRB- 1972 -RRB- by Richard Hough . It was made by Dino De Laurentiis Productions and distributed by Orion Pictures Corporation and Thorn EMI Screen Entertainment . The music score was composed by Vangelis and the cinematography was by Arthur Ibbetson . | Venus is a science fiction novel by Ben Bova , part of the Grand Tour novel series and first published in the year 2000 . The story follows Van Humphries , the son of the ruthless tycoon Martin Humphries , and his experiences on Venus . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Terminator Salvation is directed by Brian De Palma. | Terminator Salvation is a 2009 American post-apocalyptic science fiction war film directed by McG and starring Christian Bale and Sam Worthington . It is the fourth installment of the Terminator franchise . In a departure from the previous installments , which were set between 1984 and 2003 and used time travel as a key plot element , Salvation is a post-apocalyptic film set in the year 2018 , fifteen years after the events of Terminator 3 : Rise of the Machines . It focuses on the war between Skynet 's machine network and humanity ; the remnants of the world 's military have organized as the Resistance , fighting against Skynet 's killing machines . Bale portrays John Connor , Resistance fighter and central character to the franchise , while Worthington portrays cyborg Marcus Wright . Terminator Salvation also featured Anton Yelchin as a young Kyle Reese , a character first introduced in The Terminator , and the film depicts the origin of the T-800 -LRB- Model 101 -RRB- Terminator . After a troubled pre-production , with The Halcyon Company acquiring the rights for the franchise from Andrew G. Vajna and Mario Kassar and several writers working on the screenplay , filming began in May 2008 in New Mexico and ran for 77 days . Terminator Salvation was released on May 21 , 2009 in the United States and Canada , followed by early June releases in the United Kingdom , Australia , New Zealand , and South Africa . Warner Bros. handled the North American release while Columbia Pictures handled the international release . The film grossed over $ 371 million worldwide and met with mixed reviews . A reboot of the film franchise occurred with the release of Terminator Genisys in 2015 . | Deliver Us from Evil is a 2014 American supernatural horror film directed by Scott Derrickson and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film is officially based on a 2001 non-fiction book entitled Beware the Night by Ralph Sarchie and Lisa Collier Cool , and its marketing campaign highlighted that it was `` inspired by actual accounts '' . The film stars Eric Bana , Édgar Ramírez , Sean Harris , Olivia Munn , and Joel McHale in the main roles and was released on July 2 , 2014 . Despite mixed reviews from critics , the film was a box office success , grossing $ 87.9 million against a $ 30 million budget . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Fences stars Stephen Henderson. | Fences is a 2016 American period drama film directed by and starring Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson , based on his Pulitzer Prize-winning play of the same name -LRB- Wilson died in 2005 , but completed a screenplay before his death -RRB- . In addition to Washington , the film also stars Viola Davis , Stephen Henderson , Jovan Adepo , Russell Hornsby , Mykelti Williamson and Saniyya Sidney . Principal photography on the film began on April 25 , 2016 , in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , in the Hill District , and wrapped in mid-June 2016 . Fences was released in the United States on December 16 , 2016 , by Paramount Pictures , received positive reviews and grossed $ 64 million . The film was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the top ten films of 2016 , and has been nominated for numerous awards , including four Oscar nominations at the 89th Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Actor -LRB- Washington -RRB- , Best Supporting Actress -LRB- Davis -RRB- , and Best Adapted Screenplay , with Davis winning for her performance . It also received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor for Washington and a Best Supporting Actress win for Davis . | Bent is a 1979 play by Martin Sherman . It revolves around the persecution of gays in Nazi Germany , and takes place during and after the Night of the Long Knives . The title of the play refers to the slang word `` bent '' used in some European countries to refer to homosexuals . When the play was first performed , there was only a trickle of historical research or even awareness about the Nazi persecution of homosexuals . In some regards , the play helped increase that historical research and education in the 1980s and 1990s . The play starred Ian McKellen in its original 1979 West End production , and Richard Gere in its original 1980 Broadway production . In 1989 , Sean Mathias directed a revival of the play , performed as a one-night benefit for Stonewall , featuring Ian McKellen , Richard E Grant , Ian Charleson , and Ralph Fiennes . After receiving critical acclaim , Mathias directed a full run in 1990 , with Ian McKellen , Paul Rhys , and Christopher Eccleston , which won the City Limits Award for Revival of the Year . In 1997 , Martin Sherman adapted Bent into a film of the same name , which was directed by Sean Mathias . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Black Mirror is only a film. | Black Mirror is a British science fiction television anthology series created by Charlie Brooker and centred around dark and satirical themes that examine modern society , particularly with regard to the unanticipated consequences of new technologies . Episodes are standalone works , usually set in an alternative present or the near future . The show was first broadcast on the British Channel 4 , in 2011 . In September 2015 , Netflix commissioned a third season of 12 episodes . The commissioned episodes were later divided into two seasons of six episodes ; the third season was released on Netflix worldwide on 21 October 2016 . Regarding the programme 's content and structure , Brooker noted , `` each episode has a different cast , a different setting , even a different reality . But they 're all about the way we live now -- and the way we might be living in 10 minutes ' time if we 're clumsy . '' The series has received critical acclaim and has seen an increase in interest internationally -LRB- particularly in the US -RRB- after being added to Netflix . | is a 1973 Japanese existential drama directed by Masahiro Shinoda . The film is based on a novel by Japanese author and politician Shintarō Ishihara . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Melanie Griffith has acted in London. | Melanie Richards Griffith -LRB- born August 9 , 1957 -RRB- is an American actress . Griffith began her career as an adolescent in nonspeaking film roles before making her credited debut opposite Gene Hackman in Arthur Penn 's Night Moves -LRB- 1975 -RRB- . She rose to prominence for her role in Brian De Palma 's Body Double -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , which earned her a National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress . Griffith 's subsequent performance in Something Wild -LRB- 1986 -RRB- garnered critical acclaim before she was cast in 1988 's Working Girl , which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress and won her a Golden Globe . The 1990s saw Griffith in a series of roles which received varying critical reception : she received Golden Globe nominations for her performances in Buffalo Girls -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , and as Marion Davies in RKO 281 -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , while also earning a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress for her performances in Shining Through -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as receiving nominations for Crazy in Alabama -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and John Waters ' cult film Cecil B. Demented -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . Other roles include in John Schlesinger 's Pacific Heights -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Milk Money -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , the neo-noir film Mulholland Falls -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , as Charlotte Haze in Adrian Lyne 's Lolita -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , and Another Day in Paradise -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . She later starred as Barbara Marx in The Night We Called It a Day -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , and has appeared on the television series Nip/Tuck , Raising Hope , and Hawaii Five-0 . After acting on stage in London , in 2003 she made her Broadway debut in a revival of the musical Chicago , receiving celebratory reviews that made it a box office success . | Martin Millar is a critically acclaimed Scottish writer from Glasgow , now resident in London . He also writes the Thraxas series of fantasy novels under the pseudonym Martin Scott . The novels he writes as Martin Millar dwell on urban decay and British sub-cultures , and the impact this has on a range of characters , both realistic and supernatural . There are elements of magical realism , and the feeling that the boundary between real life and the supernatural is not very thick . Most of them are set in Brixton , Millar 's one-time place of residence . Many are at least semi-autobiographical , and Love and Peace with Melody Paradise and Suzy , Led Zeppelin and Me both feature Millar himself as a character . As Martin Scott his Thraxas novels are a fusion of traditional high fantasy and pulp noir thrillers . In 2000 , he won the World Fantasy Award for best novel with his book Thraxas . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.YouTube is headquartered in Paris. | YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno , California . The service was created by three former PayPal employees -- Chad Hurley , Steve Chen , and Jawed Karim -- in February 2005 . Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$ 1.65 billion ; YouTube now operates as one of Google 's subsidiaries . The site allows users to upload , view , rate , share , add to favorites , report and comment on videos , subscribe to other users , and it makes use of WebM , H. 264/MPEG -4 AVC , and Adobe Flash Video technology to display a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos . Available content includes video clips , TV show clips , music videos , short and documentary films , audio recordings , movie trailers and other content such as video blogging , short original videos , and educational videos . Most of the content on YouTube has been uploaded by individuals , but media corporations including CBS , the BBC , Vevo , and Hulu offer some of their material via YouTube as part of the YouTube partnership program . Unregistered users can only watch videos on the site , while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos and add comments to videos . Videos deemed potentially offensive are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old . YouTube earns advertising revenue from Google AdSense , a program which targets ads according to site content and audience . The vast majority of its videos are free to view , but there are exceptions , including subscription-based premium channels , film rentals , as well as YouTube Red , a subscription service offering ad-free access to the website and access to exclusive content made in partnership with existing users . , there are more than 400 hours of content uploaded to YouTube each minute , and one billion hours of content is watched on YouTube every day . , the website is ranked as the second most popular site in the world by Alexa Internet , a web traffic analysis company . | Dailymotion is a video-sharing website based in France on which users can upload , watch and share videos . It is one of the biggest video platforms in the world , offering a mix of content from users , independent creators and premium partners . Dailymotion is available all around the world , in 18 different languages and 35 localized versions featuring local home pages and local content . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Cirrhosis can cause tiredness. | Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to long-term damage . This damage is characterized by the replacement of normal liver tissue by scar tissue . Typically , the disease develops slowly over months or years . Early on , there are often no symptoms . As the disease worsens , a person may become tired , weak , itchy , have swelling in the lower legs , develop yellow skin , bruise easily , have fluid build up in the abdomen , or develop spider-like blood vessels on the skin . The fluid build-up in the abdomen may become spontaneously infected . Other complications include hepatic encephalopathy , bleeding from dilated veins in the esophagus or dilated stomach veins , and liver cancer . Hepatic encephalopathy results in confusion and may lead to unconsciousness . Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcohol , hepatitis B , hepatitis C , and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease . Typically , more than two or three alcoholic drinks per day over a number of years is required for alcoholic cirrhosis to occur . Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has a number of causes , including being overweight , diabetes , high blood fats , and high blood pressure . A number of less common causes of cirrhosis include autoimmune hepatitis , primary biliary cirrhosis , hemochromatosis , certain medications , and gallstones . Diagnosis is based on blood testing , medical imaging , and liver biopsy . Some causes of cirrhosis , such as hepatitis B can be prevented by vaccination . Treatment partly depends on the underlying cause , but the goal is often to prevent worsening and complications . Avoiding alcohol is recommended in all cases of cirrhosis . Hepatitis B and C may be treatable with antiviral medications . Autoimmune hepatitis may be treated with steroid medications . Ursodiol may be useful if the disease is due to blockage of the bile ducts . Other medications may be useful for complications such as abdominal or leg swelling , hepatic encephalopathy , and dilated esophageal veins . In severe cirrhosis , a liver transplant may be an option . Cirrhosis affected about 2.8 million people and resulted in 1.3 million deaths in 2015 . Of these , alcohol caused 348,000 , hepatitis C caused 326,000 , and hepatitis B caused 371,000 . In the United States , more men die of cirrhosis than women . The first known description of the condition is by Hippocrates in the 5th century BCE . The word cirrhosis is from κίρρωσις kirrhos κιρρός `` yellowish '' and - osis meaning `` condition '' , describing the appearance of a cirrhotic liver . | Laennec 's cirrhosis , also known as portal cirrhosis , alcoholic cirrhosis , fatty cirrhosis , or atrophic cirrhosis , is named after René Laennec , a French physician and the inventor of the stethoscope . It is a disease of the liver in which the normal lobular architecture is lost , with fibrosis -LRB- scarring -RRB- and later nodular regeneration . Laennec 's cirrhosis can be associated with inflammatory polyarthritis , most commonly affecting the shoulders , elbows and knees . Osteoporosis , soft tissue swelling in peripheral joints and sometimes calcific periathritis are seen . In the developed world , Laennec 's cirrhosis most commonly affects middle-aged males , typically ages 40 -- 60 . This is the most common form of cirrhosis in the U.S. Chronic alcoholism can cause Laennec 's cirrhosis . In areas of the world afflicted with chronic starvation -LRB- Africa and Asia -RRB- , the children are most commonly afflicted . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ted Kennedy was a senator. | Edward Moore Kennedy -LRB- February 22 , 1932 -- August 25 , 2009 -RRB- was an American politician and lawyer who served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts . A member of the Democratic Party , he was the second most senior member of the Senate when he died and was the fourth-longest-serving senator in United States history , having served there for almost 47 years . Ted Kennedy was the most prominent living member of the Kennedy family for many years , and he was the last surviving son of Joseph P. Kennedy , Sr. and Rose Kennedy . He was the youngest brother of U.S President John F. Kennedy and Senator Robert F. Kennedy , both victims of assassination , and the father of Congressman Patrick J. Kennedy . Ted Kennedy entered the Senate in a November 1962 special election to fill the seat previously held by his brother , John , who was now the President . He was elected to a full six-year term in 1964 and was re-elected seven more times . The Chappaquiddick incident in 1969 resulted in the death of his automobile passenger , Mary Jo Kopechne . Kennedy pleaded guilty to a charge of leaving the scene of an accident and later received a two-month suspended sentence . The incident and its aftermath hindered his chances of ever becoming President . His only attempt , in the 1980 election , resulted in a Democratic primary campaign loss to incumbent President Jimmy Carter . Kennedy was known for his oratorical skills . His 1968 eulogy for his brother Robert and his 1980 rallying cry for modern American liberalism were among his best-known speeches . He became recognized as `` The Lion of the Senate '' through his long tenure and influence . More than 300 bills that Kennedy and his staff wrote were enacted into law . Unabashedly liberal , Kennedy championed an interventionist government that emphasized economic and social justice , but he was also known for working with Republicans to find compromises among senators with disparate views . Kennedy played a major role in passing many laws , including laws that addressed immigration , cancer research , health insurance , apartheid , disability discrimination , AIDS care , civil rights , mental health benefits , children 's health insurance , education and volunteering . During the 2000s , he led several unsuccessful immigration reform efforts . Over the course of his Senate career and continuing into the Obama administration , Kennedy continued his efforts to enact universal health care , which he called the `` cause of my life . '' In May 2008 , Kennedy was hospitalized after suffering a seizure and was diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor , which limited his appearances in the Senate . He died on August 25 , 2009 , at his Hyannis Port , Massachusetts home . By the later years of his life , he had come to be viewed as a major figure and spokesman for American progressivism . | __ NOTOC __ Harry Kennedy -LRB- born February 21 , 1952 -RRB- is an American Democratic politician , who has been a member of the Missouri Senate and Missouri House of Representatives . He is currently a staffer for the St. Louis Board of Aldermen President Lewis Reed and a Democratic Committeeman for St. Louis ' 14th Ward . He graduated from the University of Missouri-St . Louis in 1984 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in speech communication . He is a member of the Catholic parish of St. Mary Margdalene in St. Louis . Kennedy was a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from 1997 through 2001 . He won election to the Missouri Senate from the third district in a special election in 2001 . He was re-elected from the first district in 2004 , changing districts due to re-districting . Kennedy would have been forced out of the Senate in 2009 due to term limits , but resigned in October 2008 to take his current position with Lewis Reed 's office . During his Senate tenure , he was a member of the following Committees : Aging , Families , and Mental Health Economic Development , Tourism , and Local Government Financial and Governmental Organizations and Elections Pensions , Veteran 's Affairs and General Laws |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Judith Barsi died in 1988. | Judith Eva Barsi -LRB- June 6 , 1978 -- July 25 , 1988 -RRB- was an American child actress in the mid - to late 1980s . She began her career in television , making appearances in commercials and television shows , and later appeared in the films Jaws : The Revenge , The Land Before Time , and All Dogs Go to Heaven , supplying the voice for animated characters in the latter two . She and her mother , Maria , were both killed in July 1988 as a result of a double murder -- suicide perpetrated by her father , József . | Bardi -LRB- also Baardi , Baard -RRB- is a moribund Australian Aboriginal language , located in the Kimberley region of Western Australia . There are approximately 20 speakers out of a population of 380 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Slovakia became part of the European Union in 2004. | Slovakia -LRB- listen -RRB- , is a landlocked country in Central Europe . It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west , Poland to the north , Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south . Slovakia 's territory spans about 49000 km2 and is mostly mountainous . The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks . The capital and largest city is Bratislava . The official language is Slovak . The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the 5th and 6th centuries . In the 7th century , they played a significant role in the creation of Samo 's Empire and in the 9th century established the Principality of Nitra . In the 10th century , the territory was integrated into the Kingdom of Hungary , which itself became part of the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire . After World War I and the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , the Slovaks and Czechs established Czechoslovakia . A separate -LRB- First -RRB- Slovak Republic -LRB- 1939 -- 1945 -RRB- existed in World War II as a client state of Nazi Germany . In 1945 , Czechoslovakia was re-established under Communist rule as a Soviet satellite . In 1989 the Velvet Revolution ended authoritarian Communist rule in Czechoslovakia . Slovakia became an independent state on 1 January 1993 after the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia , sometimes known as the Velvet Divorce . Slovakia is a high-income advanced economy with a very high Human Development Index , a very high standard of living and performs favourably in measurements of civil liberties , press freedom , internet freedom , democratic governance and peacefulness . The country maintains a combination of market economy with a comprehensive social security system . Citizens of Slovakia are provided with universal health care , free education and one of the longest paid maternity leave in the OECD . The country joined the European Union in 2004 and the Eurozone on 1 January 2009 . Slovakia is also a member of the Schengen Area , NATO , the United Nations , the OECD , the WTO , CERN , the OSCE , the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group . The Slovak economy is one of the fastest growing economies in Europe and 3rd fastest in eurozone . Its legal tender , the Euro , is the world 's 2nd most traded currency . Although regional income inequality is high , 90 % of citizens own their homes . In 2016 , Slovak citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 165 countries and territories , ranking the Slovak passport 11th in the world . Slovakia is the world 's largest per-capita car producer with a total of 1,040,000 cars manufactured in the country in 2016 alone and the 7th largest car producer in the European Union . The car industry represents 43 % of Slovakia 's industrial output , and a quarter of its exports . | The European Union -LRB- EU -RRB- is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe . It has an area of 4,475,757 km2 , and an estimated population of over 510 million . The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states . EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people , goods , services , and capital within the internal market , enact legislation in justice and home affairs , and maintain common policies on trade , agriculture , fisheries , and regional development . Within the Schengen Area , passport controls have been abolished . A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002 , and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency . The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community -LRB- ECSC -RRB- and the European Economic Community -LRB- EEC -RRB- , formed by the Inner Six countries in 1951 and 1958 , respectively . Next the treaty of Rome of 1957 created the European Community made up of the six core countries of Belgium , France , Italy , Luxembourg , the Netherlands and West Germany . The decades following many new members joined them while at the same time integration of economic , cultural , judicial and so forth would then deepen the relationships distinct European entity . The community and its successors have grown in size by the accession of new member states and in power by the addition of policy areas to its remit . While no member state has left the EU or its antecedent organisations , the United Kingdom enacted the result of a membership referendum in June 2016 and is currently negotiating its withdrawal . The Maastricht Treaty established the European Union in 1993 and introduced European citizenship . The latest major amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU , the Treaty of Lisbon , came into force in 2009 . The European Union accumulated a high portion of GDP as a form of foreign aid than any other economic union . Covering 7.3 % of the world population , the EU in 2016 generated a nominal gross domestic product -LRB- GDP -RRB- of 16.477 trillion US dollars , constituting approximately 22.2 % of global nominal GDP and 16.9 % when measured in terms of purchasing power parity . Additionally , 27 out of 28 EU countries have a very high Human Development Index , according to the United Nations Development Programme . In 2012 , the EU was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize . Through the Common Foreign and Security Policy , the EU has developed a role in external relations and defence . The union maintains permanent diplomatic missions throughout the world and represents itself at the United Nations , the World Trade Organization , the G7 , and the G20 . Because of its global influence , the European Union has been described as an emerging superpower . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Coen brothers directed a film. | Joel David Coen -LRB- born November 29 , 1954 -RRB- and Ethan Jesse Coen -LRB- born September 21 , 1957 -RRB- , collectively referred to as the Coen brothers , are American filmmakers . Their films span many genres and styles , which they frequently subvert or parody . Their best-reviewed works include Fargo -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , The Big Lebowski -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , No Country for Old Men -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , A Serious Man -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , True Grit -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and Inside Llewyn Davis -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . The brothers write , direct and produce their films jointly , although until The Ladykillers -LRB- 2004 -RRB- Joel received sole credit for directing and Ethan for producing . They often alternate top billing for their screenplays while sharing editing credits under the alias Roderick Jaynes . They have been nominated for thirteen Academy Awards together , and individually for one award each , winning Best Original Screenplay for Fargo and Best Picture , Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay for No Country for Old Men . The duo also won the Palme d'Or for Barton Fink and were nominated for Fargo . The Coen brothers have written a number of films they did not direct , including the biographical war drama Unbroken -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , the historical legal thriller Bridge of Spies -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and lesser-known , commercially unsuccessful comedies such as Crimewave -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , The Naked Man -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and Gambit -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . Ethan is also a writer of short stories , theater and poetry . The brothers 's films No Country for Old Men , A Serious Man and Inside Llewyn Davis have been ranked in the BBC 's 2016 poll of the greatest motion pictures since 2000 . | The Brothers Rico is a 1957 American crime film noir directed by Phil Karlson and written by Lewis Meltzer , Ben Perry , and Dalton Trumbo . The film is based on a story written by Georges Simenon , the great Belgian writer -LRB- literary father of ` commissaire ' Maigret -RRB- . The drama features Richard Conte , Dianne Foster , Kathryn Grant and James Darren . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Winona Rider won an award. | Winona Ryder -LRB- born Winona Laura Horowitz ; October 29 , 1971 -RRB- is an American actress . One of the most profitable and iconic actresses of the 1990s , she made her film debut in the 1986 film Lucas . As Lydia Deetz , a goth teenager in Tim Burton 's Beetlejuice -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , she won critical acclaim and widespread recognition . After appearances in film and on television , Ryder continued her acting career with the cult film Heathers -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , a controversial satire of teenage suicide and high school life that has since become a landmark teen film . She later appeared in the coming of age drama Mermaids -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , earning a Golden Globe nomination , and in the same year appeared alongside Johnny Depp in Burton 's dark fairy-tale Edward Scissorhands -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , and shortly thereafter with Keanu Reeves in Francis Ford Coppola 's gothic romance Bram Stoker 's Dracula -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . Having played diverse roles in many well-received films in the mid to late 1980s and early 1990s , Ryder won a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and an Academy Award nomination in the same category for her role in The Age of Innocence in 1993 , as well as another Academy Award nomination for Best Actress for her role in the literary adaptation of Little Women the following year . She later appeared in the Generation X hit Reality Bites -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Alien : Resurrection -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , the Woody Allen comedy Celebrity -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , and Girl , Interrupted -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , which she also executive-produced . In 2000 , Ryder received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , honoring her legacy in the film industry . Ryder 's personal life has attracted significant media attention . Her relationship with Johnny Depp in the early 1990s and a 2001 arrest for shoplifting were constant subjects of tabloid journalism . She has been open about her personal struggles with anxiety and depression . In 2002 , she appeared in the box office hit Mr. Deeds alongside Adam Sandler . In 2006 , Ryder returned to the screen after a brief hiatus , appearing in high-profile films such as Star Trek . In 2010 , she was nominated for two Screen Actors Guild Awards : as the lead actress in When Love Is Not Enough : The Lois Wilson Story and as part of the cast of Black Swan . She also reunited with Burton for Frankenweenie -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . Since 2016 , she has starred as Joyce Byers in the Netflix supernatural-horror series Stranger Things , for which she has garnered Golden Globe and SAG nominations . | Winona is a city in and the county seat of Winona County , in the state of Minnesota . Located in picturesque bluff country on the Mississippi River , its most noticeable physical landmark is Sugar Loaf . The city is named after legendary figure Winona , said to have been the first-born daughter of Chief Wapasha -LRB- Wabasha -RRB- III . The population was 27,592 at the 2010 census . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Maisie Williams has won four nominations for her performance in Game of Thrones. | Margaret Constance `` Maisie '' Williams -LRB- born 15 April 1997 -RRB- is an English actress . She made her professional acting debut as Arya Stark in the HBO fantasy television series Game of Thrones in 2011 , for which she won the EWwy Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama , the Portal Award for Best Supporting Actress -- Television and Best Young Actor , and the Saturn Award for Best Performance by a Younger Actor . In 2016 , she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series . Williams has also had a recurring role in Doctor Who as Ashildr in 2015 . In addition to television , she made her feature film debut in the mystery The Falling -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , for which she won the London Film Critics ' Circle Award for Young Performer of the Year . | Sarah Williams is a producer and screenwriter perhaps best known for co-writing the scripts to the 2005 television film Wallis & Edward and the 2007 feature film Becoming Jane . For her work adapting the novels Poppy Shakespeare and Small Island for television , Williams received two Writers ' Guild of Great Britain Award nominations . She voiced Macaron , Lychee , Fern , and Sweetie in the Palace Pets App , and Winnie from Mama Mirabelle 's Home Movies . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Newspapers include listings. | A newspaper is a serial publication containing news about current events , other informative articles about politics , sports , arts , and so on , and advertising . A newspaper is usually , but not exclusively , printed on relatively inexpensive , low-grade paper such as newsprint . The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers . As of 2017 , most newspapers are now published online as well as in print . The online versions are called online newspapers or news websites . Newspapers are typically published daily or weekly . News magazines are also weekly , but they have a magazine format . General-interest newspapers typically publish news articles and feature articles on national and international news as well as local news . The news includes political events and personalities , business and finance , crime , weather , and natural disasters ; health and medicine , science , and computers and technology ; sports ; and entertainment , society , food and cooking , clothing and home fashion , and the arts . Usually the paper is divided into sections for each of those major groupings -LRB- labeled A , B , C , and so on , with pagination prefixes yielding page numbers A1-A20 , B1-B20 , C1-C20 , and so on -RRB- . Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing editorials written by an editor -LRB- or by the paper 's editorial board -RRB- and expressing an opinion on a public issue , opinion articles called `` op-eds '' written by guest writers -LRB- which are typically in the same section as the editorial -RRB- , and columns that express the personal opinions of columnists , usually offering analysis and synthesis that attempts to translate the raw data of the news into information telling the reader `` what it all means '' and persuading them to concur . Papers also include articles which have no byline ; these articles are written by staff writers . A wide variety of material has been published in newspapers . Besides the aforementioned news , information and opinions , they include weather forecasts ; criticism and reviews of the arts -LRB- including literature , film , television , theater , fine arts , and architecture -RRB- and of local services such as restaurants ; obituaries , birth notices and graduation announcements ; entertainment features such as crosswords , horoscopes , editorial cartoons , gag cartoons , and comic strips ; advice columns , food , and other columns ; and radio and television listings -LRB- program schedules -RRB- . As of 2017 , newspapers may also provide information about new movies and TV shows available on streaming video services like Netflix . Newspapers have classified ad sections where people and businesses can buy small advertisements to sell goods or services ; as of 2013 , the huge increase in Internet websites for selling goods , such as Craigslist and eBay has led to significantly less classified ad sales for newspapers . Most newspapers are businesses , and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue , newsstand sales , and advertising revenue -LRB- other businesses or individuals pay to place advertisements in the pages , including display ads , classified ads , and their online equivalents -RRB- . Some newspapers are government-run or at least government-funded ; their reliance on advertising revenue and on profitability is less critical to their survival . The editorial independence of a newspaper is thus always subject to the interest of someone , whether owners , advertisers , or a government . Some newspapers with high editorial independence , high journalism quality , and large circulation are viewed as newspapers of record . Many newspapers , besides employing journalists on their own payrolls , also subscribe to news agencies -LRB- wire services -RRB- -LRB- such as the Associated Press , Reuters , or Agence France-Presse -RRB- , which employ journalists to find , assemble , and report the news , then sell the content to the various newspapers . This is a way to avoid duplicating the expense of reporting from around the world . Circa 2005 , there were approximately 6,580 daily newspaper titles in the world selling 395 million print copies a day -LRB- in the U.S. , 1,450 titles selling 55 million copies -RRB- . The late 2000s -- early 2010s global recession , combined with the rapid growth of free web-based alternatives , has helped cause a decline in advertising and circulation , as many papers had to retrench operations to stanch the losses . Worldwide annual revenue approached $ 100 billion in 2005-7 , then plunged during the worldwide financial crisis of 2008-9 . Revenue in 2016 fell to only $ 53 billion , hurting every major publisher as their efforts to gain online income fell far short of the goal . The decline in advertising revenues affected both the print and online media as well as all other mediums ; print advertising was once lucrative but has greatly declined , and the prices of online advertising are often lower than those of their print precursors . Besides remodeling advertising , the internet -LRB- especially the web -RRB- has also challenged the business models of the print-only era by crowdsourcing both publishing in general -LRB- sharing information with others -RRB- and , more specifically , journalism -LRB- the work of finding , assembling , and reporting the news -RRB- . In addition , the rise of news aggregators , which bundle linked articles from many online newspapers and other sources , influences the flow of web traffic . Increasing paywalling of online newspapers may be counteracting those effects . The oldest newspaper still published is the Ordinari Post Tijdender , which was established in Stockholm in 1645 . | This is a list of newspapers in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines . The News The Vincentian The Searchlight |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Nina Simone was born Eunice Kathleen Waymon. | Nina Simone -LRB- -LSB- ˈniːnə_sᵻˈmoʊn -RSB- born Eunice Kathleen Waymon ; February 21 , 1933 -- April 21 , 2003 -RRB- was an American singer , songwriter , pianist , arranger , and activist in the Civil Rights Movement . Simone employed a broad range of musical styles including classical , jazz , blues , folk , R&B , gospel , and pop . Born in North Carolina , the sixth child of a preacher , Waymon aspired to be a concert pianist . With the help of a few supporters in her hometown of Tryon , North Carolina , she enrolled in the Juilliard School of Music in New York . Waymon then applied for a scholarship to study at the prestigious Curtis Institute of Music in Philadelphia , where she was denied despite a well-received audition . Waymon became fully convinced this rejection had been entirely due to her race , a statement that has been a matter of controversy . Years later , two days before her death , the Curtis Institute of Music bestowed on her an honorary degree . To make a living , Eunice Waymon changed her name to `` Nina Simone '' . The change related to her need to disguise herself from family members , having chosen to play `` the devil 's music '' or `` cocktail piano '' at a nightclub in Atlantic City . She was told in the nightclub that she would have to sing to her own accompaniment , and this effectively launched her career as a jazz vocalist . Simone recorded more than 40 albums , mostly between 1958 , when she made her debut with Little Girl Blue , and 1974 . She had a hit in the United States in 1958 with `` I Loves You , Porgy '' . Simone 's musical style fused gospel and pop with classical music , in particular Johann Sebastian Bach , and accompanied expressive , jazz-like singing in her contralto voice . | Simone Estelle Schaller Kirin -LRB- August 22 , 1912 -- October 20 , 2016 -RRB- was an American athlete who competed in two Olympic Games . At the 1932 Summer Olympics , in Los Angeles , she finished 4th in the 80m hurdles event and in 1936 , in Berlin , she was eliminated in the semi-finals in the same event . Originally from Connecticut , she moved to California at the age of seven because of her father 's asthma . Although she was athletically active during her school days , she had only taken up hurdling three months prior to her 1932 appearance and both of her Olympic placings were disputed at the time . After the Olympics she married a minor league baseball player and auto mechanic , Joseph Kirin , and worked as a food manager at a Temple City , California high school . At the time of her death , she was considered the world 's oldest living Olympic veteran . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.In April of 1999 The Amanda Show first aired its pilot. | The Amanda Show is an American live action sketch comedy and variety show created by Dan Schneider that aired on Nickelodeon in April 4 , 1999 as a pilot , then as a regular series from October 16 , 1999 to September 21 , 2002 . It starred Amanda Bynes , Drake Bell and Nancy Sullivan , and featured John Kassir , Raquel Lee , and Josh Peck . The show was a spin-off from All That , in which Bynes had co-starred for several years . The show was cancelled at the end of 2002 . Writers for the show included Schneider , John Hoberg , Steven Molaro , and Andrew Hill Newman . Two years after the end of The Amanda Show , Dan Schneider created a new series , called Drake & Josh , featuring Drake Bell , Josh Peck and Nancy Sullivan . | `` Pilot '' is the pilot and first episode of the American television drama series The Killing , which premiered on April 3 , 2011 on AMC in the United States . The series is based on the Danish television series Forbrydelsen -LRB- The Crime -RRB- and developed for American audiences by Veena Sud . The episode 's teleplay was written by Sud and was directed by Patty Jenkins . In the episode , police detective Sarah Linden plans to retire but is asked to investigate the disappearance of Rosie Larsen , a young girl . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Borrelia afzelii is among 30 Borrelia known species. | Borrelia afzelii is a species of Borrelia a bacterium that can infect various species of vertebrates and invertebrates . Among 30 Borrelia known species , it is one of four which are likely to infect humans causing a variant of Lyme disease . Coinfection by this Borrelia species with one or more pathogens can occur , carried by the vector , which appears to be in most cases the tick . | Porcelia is a genus of flowering plants in the Annonaceae family containing at least 19 species of which all are native to Latin America . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Eminem has had more than one best selling albums of the year. | Marshall Bruce Mathers III -LRB- born October 17 , 1972 -RRB- , known professionally as Eminem -LRB- often stylized as EMINƎM -RRB- , is an American rapper , record producer , and actor . Eminem is the best-selling artist of the 2000s in the United States . Throughout his career , he has had 10 number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and five number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 . With US sales of 45.1 million albums and 42 million tracks as of June 2014 , Eminem is the second best-selling male artist of the Nielsen SoundScan era , the sixth best-selling artist in the United States and the best-selling hip-hop artist . Globally , he has sold more than 172 million albums , thus being one of the world 's best-selling artists . Rolling Stone ranked him 83rd on its list of 100 Greatest Artists of All Time , calling him the King of Hip Hop . After his debut album Infinite -LRB- 1996 -RRB- and the Slim Shady EP -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Eminem signed with Dr. Dre 's Aftermath Entertainment and subsequently achieved mainstream popularity in 1999 with The Slim Shady LP , which earned him his first Grammy Award for Best Rap Album . His next two releases , 2000 's The Marshall Mathers LP and 2002 's The Eminem Show , were worldwide successes , with each being certified diamond in U.S. sales , and both winning Best Rap Album Grammy Awards -- making Eminem the first artist to win the award for three consecutive LPs . They were followed by Encore in 2004 , another critical and commercial success . Eminem went on hiatus after touring in 2005 , releasing Relapse in 2009 and Recovery in 2010 . Both won Grammy Awards and Recovery was the best-selling album of 2010 worldwide , the second time he had the international best-selling album of the year -LRB- after The Eminem Show -RRB- . Eminem 's eighth album , 2013 's The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , won two Grammy Awards , including Best Rap Album ; it expanded his record for the most wins in that category and his Grammy total to 15 . In addition to his solo career , Eminem is an original member of the Midwest hip hop groups Soul Intent and D12 . He is also known for his collaborations with fellow Detroit-based rapper Royce da 5 ' 9 '' ; the two are collectively known as Bad Meets Evil . Eminem has developed other ventures , including Shady Records , with manager Paul Rosenberg , which helped launch the careers of artists such as 50 Cent . Eminem has also established his own channel , Shade 45 , on Sirius XM Radio . In November 2002 , he starred in the hip hop film 8 Mile , which won the Academy Award for Best Original Song , for `` Lose Yourself '' , becoming the first rap artist to win the award . Eminem has made cameo appearances in the films The Wash -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Funny People -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , The Interview -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and the television series Entourage -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . | Men in Black : The Album is the soundtrack to the film Men in Black . It was released on July 1 , 1997 , distributed by Columbia Records and featured production from some of music 's top producers , such as Poke & Tone , Jermaine Dupri and The Ummah . The album was a huge success , spending two consecutive weeks at 1 on the Billboard 200 , as well as peaking at 2 on the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and 3 on the Canadian Albums Chart . The RIAA certified the album 3 × Platinum for sales of over 3,000,000 copies in the United States . Four singles were released from the album , Will Smith 's `` Men in Black '' and `` Just Cruisin ' '' , Jermaine Dupri and Snoop Dogg 's `` We Just Wan na Party with You '' , and Nas ' `` Escobar ' 97 '' . Except for the title song and the two Danny Elfman cues , none of the tracks on the album are in the film . This soundtrack also marked the debuts of then-unknowns Alicia Keys and Destiny 's Child . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a sequel to a 2011 movie. | Dawn of the Planet of the Apes is a 2014 American science fiction film directed by Matt Reeves and written by Mark Bomback , Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver . It stars Andy Serkis , Jason Clarke , Gary Oldman , Keri Russell , Toby Kebbell , and Kodi Smit-McPhee . It is the sequel to the 2011 film Rise of the Planet of the Apes , which began 20th Century Fox 's reboot of the original Planet of the Apes series . Dawn is set ten years after the events of Rise , and follows a group of people in San Francisco who struggle to stay alive in the aftermath of a plague that is wiping out humanity , while Caesar tries to maintain dominance over his community of intelligent apes . Dawn of the Planet of the Apes was released in the United States and Canada on July 11 , 2014 and was met with critical acclaim , with critics praising its visual effects , story , direction , acting , musical score , action , and emotional depth . It was also a box office success , having grossed over $ 710 million worldwide , and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects . A third installment , titled War for the Planet of the Apes , is set to be released on July 14 , 2017 . | Independence Day : Resurgence is a 2016 American science fiction film written and directed by Roland Emmerich with co-writers Dean Devlin , Nicolas Wright , James A. Woods , and James Vanderbilt . As sequel to the 1996 film Independence Day , it stars an ensemble cast featuring Liam Hemsworth , Jeff Goldblum , Bill Pullman , Maika Monroe , Jessie Usher , Travis Tope , William Fichtner , Charlotte Gainsbourg , Judd Hirsch , Brent Spiner and Sela Ward . The film takes place twenty years after the events of the first film , during which the United Nations has collaborated to form Earth Space Defense -LRB- ESD -RRB- , an international military defense and research organization . Through reverse engineering , the world has harnessed the power of alien technology and laid the groundwork to resist a second invasion . Plans for a sequel to Independence Day began as early as 2001 , with 20th Century Fox eventually green-lighting the project in 2014 . Principal photography began in April 2015 at locations primarily in New Mexico but also in the Bonneville Salt Flats of Utah , which were featured in the original . Independence Day : Resurgence was released in the United States on June 24 , 2016 , in 2D , 3D , and IMAX 3D , grossing $ 389.7 million worldwide at the box office . The film received generally unfavorable reviews from critics , who found the plot convoluted and action sequences overblown , though some praised its overall humor . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Elvis Presley took a break of seven years from the stage. | Elvis Aaron Presley -LRB- January 8 , 1935 -- August 16 , 1977 -RRB- was an American singer-songwriter and actor . Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century , he is often referred to as the `` King of Rock and Roll '' , or simply `` the King '' . Presley was born in Tupelo , Mississippi , and relocated to Memphis , Tennessee , with his family when he was 13 years old . His music career began there in 1954 , when he recorded a song with producer Sam Phillips at Sun Records . Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black , Presley was an early popularizer of rockabilly , an uptempo , backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues . RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker , who managed the singer for more than two decades . Presley 's first RCA single , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , was released in January 1956 and became a number-one hit in the United States . He was regarded as the leading figure of rock and roll after a series of successful network television appearances and chart-topping records . His energized interpretations of songs and sexually provocative performance style , combined with a singularly potent mix of influences across color lines that coincided with the dawn of the Civil Rights Movement , made him enormously popular -- and controversial . In November 1956 , Presley made his film debut in Love Me Tender . In 1958 , he was drafted into military service . He resumed his recording career two years later , producing some of his most commercially successful work before devoting much of the 1960s to making Hollywood films and their accompanying soundtrack albums , most of which were critically derided . In 1968 , following a seven-year break from live performances , he returned to the stage in the acclaimed televised comeback special Elvis , which led to an extended Las Vegas concert residency and a string of highly profitable tours . In 1973 , Presley featured in the first globally broadcast concert via satellite , Aloha from Hawaii . On August 16 , 1977 , he sustained a heart attack in the bathroom of his Graceland estate , and died as a result . His death came in the wake of many years of prescription drug abuse which lead to his poor health and death . Presley is one of the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century . Commercially successful in many genres , including pop , blues and gospel , he is one of the best-selling solo artists in the history of recorded music , with estimated record sales of around 600 million units worldwide . He won three Grammys , also receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36 , and has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame . | The discography of Elvis Presley starts on July 19 , 1954 , with the release of his first commercial single , and ends in February 1978 . Presley 's final album , Elvis in Concert , and final two singles , `` My Way '' and `` Unchained Melody '' , although released after his death are considered part of the discographical canon as they were projects Presley himself knew about in the planning stages . All other releases are included in the posthumous sections , and obviously all compact disc box sets were also released after Presley 's death . Without including album reissues , during this period of 1954 to 1978 American Presley releases consisted of 108 singles , 30 extended-play singles , 70 albums on RCA Records , four albums on the Pickwick budget label , and five singles on the Sun Records label . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Cowboy was played during the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show. | `` Cowboy '' is a single by Kid Rock from his album Devil Without a Cause . The song 's rapping style has been adapted by country artists like Toby Keith , Trace Adkins and Blake Shelton . Many musicians have been influenced and inspired by this song , who include Jason Aldean , Big & Rich , Eric Church , Colt Ford , Florida Georgia Line , Brantley Gilbert and Luke Bryan . Originally referred to as the genre `` Hick Hop '' , it has gone on to be labeled as `` Bro Country '' . His 2008 single `` All Summer Long '' helped push along the bro country genre more so then `` Cowboy '' . Both have themes of partying , drinking , boats , cars , and girls . The song also helped influence a more prominent hip hop from the south , drawling on country music in Bubba Sparks , Rehab , The Lacs and Moonshine Bandits . Kid Rock actually did this first on the song `` Desperate-Rado '' on his independent release The Polyfuze Method in 1993 , but `` Cowboy '' broke into the mainstream . Kid Rock describes the song as `` Lynyrd Skynyrd meets Run-D.M.C . '' . The song uses dobro , slide , banjo and a ragtime piano , which was actually a sample of The Doors ' song `` L.A. Woman '' . The song `` Cowboy '' was originally rejected by Atlantic Records , after Kid Rock told them it was the best song he had written to that point . The song is about how Kid Rock had foreseen his move to Hollywood to become a star . `` Cowboy '' peaked at number 82 on the Billboard Hot 100 , 34 on The Top 40 , 5 on Mainstream Rock Chart , and 10 on the Modern Rock charts . The song is used as the walk-in music for UFC fighter Donald Cerrone . This song was used in the first promotional commercial for WrestleMania XXV . An instrumental remake of this song was used by Jeff Jarrett in WCW . `` Cowboy '' appeared in the movies Shanghai Noon , Ready To Rumble , Serving Sara , Matchstick Men and Coyote Ugly . In 2000 , Kid Rock and The Neptunes made a rap single version of the song . There was also a live version released on the `` American Bad Ass '' single in 2000 . The song was performed during the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show in 2004 . A live version was released on 2006 's Live Trucker with a bluesy into given to it . Porn star Ron Jeremy and actor Gary Coleman made cameos in the music video , which was a spoof on Smokey and the Bandit . Joe C and Gary Coleman dueled while Ron Jeremy pretended to do the piano solo . | Super Bowl XLIV was an American football game between the National Football Conference -LRB- NFC -RRB- champion New Orleans Saints and the American Football Conference -LRB- AFC -RRB- champion Indianapolis Colts to decide the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- champion for the 2009 season . The Saints defeated the Colts by a score of 31 -- 17 , earning their first Super Bowl win . The game was played at Hard Rock Stadium -LRB- the formerly-named-Joe Robbie Stadium -RRB- in Miami Gardens , Florida for the fifth time -LRB- and in South Florida for the tenth time -RRB- , on February 7 , 2010 , the latest calendar date for a Super Bowl yet . This was the Saints ' first Super Bowl appearance and the fourth for the Colts franchise , their second appearance in four seasons . The Saints entered the game with a 13 -- 3 record for the 2009 regular season , compared to the Colts ' 14 -- 2 record . In the playoff games , both teams placed first in their respective conferences , marking the first time since Super Bowl XXVIII -LRB- 16 years previously -RRB- that both number one seeds have reached the Super Bowl . The Colts entered the Super Bowl off victories over the Baltimore Ravens and New York Jets , while the Saints advanced after defeating the previous year 's runners up the Arizona Cardinals and then overcoming the Minnesota Vikings in the Conference Championship . It was also the first time both teams started out with a thirteen-game winning streak . Down 10 -- 6 at halftime of Super Bowl XLIV , in what many consider the turning point of the game , New Orleans successfully recovered a surprise onside kick on the second half kickoff , then took their first lead of the game on Pierre Thomas 's 16-yard touchdown reception . The Colts responded with Joseph Addai 's 4-yard touchdown run to regain the lead at 17 -- 13 . The Saints then scored 18 unanswered points , including Tracy Porter 's 74-yard interception return for a touchdown , to clinch the victory . New Orleans quarterback Drew Brees , who completed 32 of 39 passes for 288 yards and two touchdowns , was named the Super Bowl MVP . His 32 completions tied a Super Bowl record set by Tom Brady in Super Bowl XXXVIII . The live broadcast of the game on CBS was watched by an average U.S. audience of 106.5 million viewers , making it the then-third most-watched Super Bowl . The National Anthem was sung by Carrie Underwood and the halftime show featured the British rock band The Who . Super Bowl XLIV was the last Bowl to have a uniquely designed logo as its predecessors had -- starting with Super Bowl XLV the logo was permanently settled to bear the Vince Lombardi Trophy for future editions with the Roman numerals being the sole changes for each year . -LRB- The Roman numerals were removed and replaced with Arabic numerals for just Super Bowl 50 . -RRB- |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.All the Pretty Horses is produced by a man. | All the Pretty Horses is a 2000 American romance western film produced and directed by Billy Bob Thornton , and based on Cormac McCarthy 's novel of the same name . Starring Matt Damon and Penélope Cruz , the film was released on Christmas Day 2000 to mostly negative reviews . It grossed $ 18 million worldwide , against a $ 57 million budget . | A Thousand Horses is an American country music band formed in 2010 in Nashville , Tennessee . The band is composed of Michael Hobby -LRB- lead vocals -RRB- , Bill Satcher -LRB- lead guitar -RRB- , Zach Brown -LRB- guitar and vocals -RRB- , and Graham Deloach -LRB- bass and vocals -RRB- . Their first EP , A Thousand Horses , was released under Interscope Records in 2010 . In 2014 , the band signed with Republic Nashville of Big Machine Label Group and released its first single `` Smoke '' , which set a record for the highest debut by a new act when it opened at number 28 on the Country Aircheck radio chart . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Bernie Sanders was the chair of the Senate Veterans' Affairs Committee. | Bernard Sanders -LRB- born September 8 , 1941 -RRB- is an American politician who has been the junior United States Senator from Vermont since 2007 . Sanders is the longest serving independent in U.S. congressional history . Since his election to the House of Representatives in 1991 , he has caucused with the Democratic Party , which has entitled him to congressional committee assignments and at times given Democrats a majority . Sanders became the ranking minority member on the Senate Budget Committee in January 2015 ; he had previously been chair of the Senate Veterans ' Affairs Committee for two years . Since January 2017 , he has been Chair of the Senate Democratic Outreach Committee . Sanders 's campaign against Hillary Clinton for the party 's 2016 U.S. presidential nomination raised more money in small , individual contributions than any other in American history , and helped him rise to international recognition . A self-described democratic socialist , Sanders is pro-labor and emphasizes reversing economic inequality . Many scholars consider his views to be more in line with social democracy and New Deal-era American progressivism than democratic socialism . Sanders was born and raised in the Brooklyn borough of New York City and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1964 . While a student he was an active protest organizer for the Congress of Racial Equality and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee during the Civil Rights Movement . After settling in Vermont in 1968 , Sanders ran unsuccessful third-party campaigns for governor and U.S. senator in the early to mid-1970s . As an independent , he was elected mayor of Burlington -- Vermont 's most populous city of 42,417 in 2010 -- in 1981 , by a margin of ten votes . He went on to be reelected as mayor three times . In 1990 , he was elected to represent Vermont 's at-large congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives , where he co-founded the Congressional Progressive Caucus in 1991 . He served as a congressman for 16 years before being elected to the U.S. Senate in 2006 . In 2012 , he was reelected with 71 % of the popular vote . Polls indicate that he is among the senators most popular with their constituents , ranking third in 2014 and first in both 2015 and 2016 . Sanders rose to national prominence following his 2010 filibuster against the Middle Class Tax Relief Act of 2010 , which extended the Bush tax cuts that favored the wealthiest Americans . He has built a reputation as a leading progressive voice on issues such as campaign finance reform , corporate welfare , global warming , income inequality , LGBT rights , parental leave , and universal healthcare . Sanders has long been critical of U.S. foreign policy and was an early and outspoken opponent of the Iraq War , the First Gulf War , and U.S. support for the Contras in Nicaragua . He is also outspoken on civil liberties and civil rights , particularly criticizing racial discrimination in the criminal justice system as well as advocating for privacy rights against mass surveillance policies such as the USA PATRIOT Act and the NSA surveillance programs . Sanders announced his campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination on April 30 , 2015 . Initially considered a long shot , Sanders won 23 primaries and caucuses and approximately 43 % of pledged delegates to Clinton 's 55 % . His campaign was noted for the enthusiasm of its supporters , as well as his rejection of large donations from corporations , the financial industry , and any associated Super PAC . On July 12 , 2016 , Sanders formally endorsed Clinton against her Republican general election opponent Donald Trump , while urging his supporters to continue the `` political revolution '' his campaign had begun . In November 2016 , Sanders 's book Our Revolution : A Future to Believe In was released ; upon its release , it was on The New York Times best-seller list at number 3 . In 2016 Sanders formed a political organization , Our Revolution , to educate voters about issues , get people involved in the political process , and work to organize and elect progressive candidates . In February 2017 , Sanders began webcasting The Bernie Sanders Show on Facebook . | The Senate Committee on Industrial Expositions was a committee of the United States Senate between 1899 and 1921 . It was originally established as a select committee , but became a standing committee in 1909 . It was preceded by three other select committees . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Colombia is the country with significant biodiversity. | Colombia -LRB- k -RRB- , is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America , with territories in Central America . Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama , to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru . It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica , Nicaragua , Honduras , Jamaica , Haiti and the Dominican Republic . It is a unitary , constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments . The territory of what is now Colombia was originally inhabited by indigenous peoples , with as most advanced the Muisca , Quimbaya and the Tairona . The Spanish set foot on Colombian soil for the first time in 1499 and in the first half of the 16th century initiated a period of conquest and colonization , ultimately creating the New Kingdom of Granada , with as capital Santafé de Bogotá . Independence from Spain was acquired in 1819 , but by 1830 the `` Gran Colombia '' Federation was dissolved . What is now Colombia and Panama emerged as the Republic of New Granada . The new nation experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation -LRB- 1858 -RRB- , and then the United States of Colombia -LRB- 1863 -RRB- , before the Republic of Colombia was finally declared in 1886 . Panama seceded in 1903 . Since the 1960s , the country has suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict , which escalated in the 1990s but then decreased from 2005 onward . Colombia is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse countries in the world , and thereby possesses a rich cultural heritage . The urban centres are mostly located in the highlands of the Andes mountains . Colombian territory also encompasses Amazon rainforest , tropical grassland and both Caribbean and Pacific coastlines . Ecologically , it is one of the world 's 17 megadiverse countries , and the most densely biodiverse of these per square kilometer . Colombia is a middle power and a regional actor with the fourth-largest economy in Latin America , is part of the CIVETS group of six leading emerging markets and is a member of the UN , the WTO , the OAS , the Pacific Alliance , and other international organizations . Colombia has a diversified economy with macroeconomic stability and favorable growth prospects in the long run . | The Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History -LRB- Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia -RRB- , ICANH , is a scientific and technical government agency ascribed to the Ministry of Culture in charge of researching , producing and disseminating knowledge in the fields of anthropology , archeology and colonial history to protect the archaeological and ethnographic patrimony of Colombia . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Rosamund Pike is a Bollywood actor. | Rosamund Mary Ellen Pike -LRB- born 27 January 1979 -RRB- is an English actress who began her acting career by appearing in stage productions such as Romeo and Juliet and Skylight . After her screen debut in the television film A Rather English Marriage -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and television roles in Wives and Daughters -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Love in a Cold Climate -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , she received international recognition for her film debut as Bond girl Miranda Frost in Die Another Day -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , for which she received the Empire Award for Best Newcomer . Following her breakthrough , she won the BIFA Award for Best Supporting Actress for The Libertine -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and portrayed Jane Bennet in Pride and Prejudice -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . Pike had film appearances in the sci-fi film Doom -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , the crime-mystery thriller film Fracture -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , the drama film Fugitive Pieces -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and the coming-of-age drama An Education -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , for which she was nominated for the London Film Critics Circle Award for British Supporting Actress of the Year . She also received British Independent Film Award nominations for An Education , Made in Dagenham -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and was nominated for a Genie Award for Barney 's Version -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . In 2014 , her performance in the psychological thriller film Gone Girl was met with critical acclaim and she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Actress and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress , the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role , and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Motion Picture Drama . | Beena Kak -LRB- born 15 February 1954 -RRB- is an Indian politician and Bollywood actress . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Foo Fighters was named only after a food fight over egg foo yong. | Foo Fighters is an American rock band , formed in Seattle , Washington in 1994 . It was founded by Nirvana drummer Dave Grohl as a one-man project following the dissolution of Nirvana after the death of Kurt Cobain . The group got its name from the UFOs and various aerial phenomena that were reported by Allied aircraft pilots in World War II , which were known collectively as `` foo fighters '' . Prior to the release of Foo Fighters ' 1995 debut album Foo Fighters , which featured Grohl as the only official member , Grohl recruited bassist Nate Mendel and drummer William Goldsmith , both formerly of Sunny Day Real Estate , as well as Nirvana touring guitarist Pat Smear to complete the lineup . The band began with performances in Portland , Oregon . Goldsmith quit during the recording of the group 's second album , The Colour and the Shape -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , when most of the drum parts were re-recorded by Grohl himself . Smear 's departure followed soon afterward , though he would rejoin them in 2006 . They were replaced by Taylor Hawkins and Franz Stahl , respectively , although Stahl was fired before the recording of the group 's third album , There Is Nothing Left to Lose -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . The band briefly continued as a trio until Chris Shiflett joined as the band 's lead guitarist after the completion of There Is Nothing Left to Lose . The band released its fourth album , One by One , in 2002 . The group followed that release with the two-disc In Your Honor -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , which was split between acoustic songs and heavier material . Foo Fighters released its sixth album , Echoes , Silence , Patience & Grace , in 2007 . The band 's seventh studio album , Wasting Light , produced by Butch Vig was released in 2011 , in which Smear returned as a full member . In November 2014 , the band 's eighth studio album , Sonic Highways , was released as an accompanying soundtrack to the Grohl-directed 2014 miniseries of the same name . Over the course of the band 's career , four of its albums have won Grammy Awards for Best Rock Album . As of 2015 , the band 's eight albums have sold 12 million copies in the U.S. , and 30 million worldwide . | Bacon and eggs may refer to a full breakfast '' or Bird 's foot trefoil , a variety of Lotus : see Lotus -LRB- genus -RRB- or Lotus corniculatus |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn is also referred to as Aurora Aurea. | The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn -LRB- Ordo Hermeticus Aurorae Aureae or , more commonly , The Golden Dawn -LRB- Aurora Aurea -RRB- -RRB- was an organization devoted to the study and practice of the occult , metaphysics , and paranormal activities during the late 19th and early 20th centuries . Known as a magical order , the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn was active in Great Britain and focused its practices on theurgy and spiritual development . Many present-day concepts of ritual and magic that are at the centre of contemporary traditions , such as Wicca and Thelema , were inspired by the Golden Dawn , which became one of the largest single influences on 20th-century Western occultism . The three founders , William Robert Woodman , William Wynn Westcott , and Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers , were Freemasons and members of Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia -LRB- S.R.I.A. -RRB- . Westcott appears to have been the initial driving force behind the establishment of the Golden Dawn . The Golden Dawn system was based on hierarchy and initiation like the Masonic Lodges ; however women were admitted on an equal basis with men . The `` Golden Dawn '' was the first of three Orders , although all three are often collectively referred to as the `` Golden Dawn '' . The First Order taught esoteric philosophy based on the Hermetic Qabalah and personal development through study and awareness of the four Classical Elements as well as the basics of astrology , tarot divination , and geomancy . The Second or `` Inner '' Order , the Rosae Rubeae et Aureae Crucis -LRB- the Ruby Rose and Cross of Gold -RRB- , taught magic , including scrying , astral travel , and alchemy . The Third Order was that of the `` Secret Chiefs '' , who were said to be highly skilled ; they supposedly directed the activities of the lower two orders by spirit communication with the Chiefs of the Second Order . | Golden aster or goldenaster is a common name for several plants with yellow flowers in the aster family and may refer to : Chrysopsis , species are generally called `` golden asters '' Heterotheca , includes some species previously classified in Chrysopsis and called `` golden asters '' |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Toy Story received positive reviews. | Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The directorial debut of John Lasseter , Toy Story was the first feature-length computer-animated film and the first theatrical film produced by Pixar . Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present , the film 's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody , an old-fashioned pullstring cowboy doll -LRB- voiced by Tom Hanks -RRB- , and Buzz Lightyear , an astronaut action figure -LRB- voiced by Tim Allen -RRB- , as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy , their owner , to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home . The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon , Andrew Stanton , Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow , based on a story by Lasseter , Pete Docter , Stanton and Joe Ranft . The film features music by Randy Newman , and was executive-produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull . Pixar , which produced short animated films to promote their computers , was approached by Disney to produce a computer-animated feature after the success of their short film Tin Toy -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , which is told from a small toy 's perspective . Lasseter , Stanton and Docter wrote early story treatments which were thrown out by Disney , as they wanted the film to be edgier . After disastrous story reels , production was halted and the script was re-written , better reflecting the tone and theme Pixar desired : that `` toys deeply want children to play with them , and that this desire drives their hopes , fears , and actions '' . The studio , then consisting of a relatively small number of employees , produced the film under minor financial constraints . Released in theaters on November 22 , 1995 , Toy Story was the highest-grossing film on its opening weekend and earned over $ 373 million worldwide . The film was widely acclaimed by critics , who praised the animation 's technical innovation , the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay , and the performances of Hanks and Allen . It is now considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made . The film received three Academy Award nominations , including Best Original Screenplay , Best Original Score , and Best Original Song for `` You 've Got a Friend in Me '' , as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award . It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' in 2005 , its first year of eligibility . In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases , Toy Story-inspired material has run the gamut from toys , video games , theme park attractions , spin-offs , merchandise , and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Toy Story 3 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim , with a third sequel , Toy Story 4 , slated for a 2019 release . | Super Mario Bros. is a 1993 American science-fiction comedy adventure fantasy film based on the Japanese video game series of the same name by Nintendo and distributed by The Walt Disney Studios through Hollywood Pictures , thus becoming one of several rare occasions where Disney and Nintendo have collaborated . The film was directed by Rocky Morton and Annabel Jankel , written by Parker Bennett , Terry Runté and Ed Solomon , and stars Bob Hoskins , John Leguizamo , Dennis Hopper , Samantha Mathis , Fisher Stevens , Fiona Shaw and Richard Edson . The story revolves around the titular Mario brothers , as they find a parallel universe , ruled by the ruthless dictator King Koopa , who seeks to merge the two dimensions together so that he can rule both worlds , leaving it up to Mario and Luigi to join forces with Princess Daisy , the daughter of the world 's displaced King , to stop Koopa . Super Mario Bros. was shot in both New York City and North Carolina on a budget of $ 48 million . The film was released on May 28 , 1993 , in the United States and was unsuccessful both critically and commercially , receiving criticism for its storyline , characters and dialogue . However , the film was nominated for two Saturn Awards -LRB- one for Best Costume , the other for Best Make-up -RRB- . Years later , however , it has spawned a fan-made website , a fan-made sequel comic , and even a Blu-ray release in the United Kingdom . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Boston University offers degrees. | Boston University -LRB- commonly referred to as BU -RRB- is a private research university located in Boston , Massachusetts . The university is nonsectarian , and is historically affiliated with the United Methodist Church . The university has more than 3,900 faculty members and nearly 33,000 students , and is one of Boston 's largest employers . It offers bachelor 's degrees , master 's degrees , and doctorates , and medical , dental , business , and law degrees through 17 schools and colleges on two urban campuses . The main campus is situated along the Charles River in Boston 's Fenway-Kenmore and Allston neighborhoods , while the Boston University Medical Campus is in Boston 's South End neighborhood . BU is categorized as an R1 : Doctoral University -LRB- very high research activity -RRB- in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education . BU is a member of the Boston Consortium for Higher Education and the Association of American Universities . The University was ranked 39th among undergraduate programs at national universities , and 32nd among global universities by U.S. News & World Report in its 2017 rankings . Among its alumni and current or past faculty , the university counts eight Nobel Laureates , 23 Pulitzer Prize winners , 10 Rhodes Scholars , six Marshall Scholars , 48 Sloan Fellows , nine Academy Award winners , and several Emmy and Tony Award winners . BU also has MacArthur , Fulbright , Truman and Guggenheim Fellowship holders as well as American Academy of Arts and Sciences and National Academy of Sciences members among its past and present graduates and faculty . In 1876 , BU professor Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in a BU lab . American Civil Rights Movement leader and 1964 Nobel Peace Prize winner Dr. Martin Luther King , Jr. received his PhD in Theology from BU in 1955 . The Boston University Terriers compete in the NCAA 's Division I. BU athletic teams compete in the Patriot League , and Hockey East conferences , and their mascot is Rhett the Boston Terrier . Boston University is well known for men 's hockey , in which it has won five national championships , most recently in 2009 . | B.N.N. College is the college in Bhiwandi in Thane district in Maharashtra state in India . The college was established in 1966 and offers undergraduate degrees in arts , commerce and science . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Tyrion Lannister is portrayed by an actor. | Tyrion Lannister -LRB- also referred to as `` the Imp '' or `` the Halfman '' -RRB- is a fictional character in A Song of Ice and Fire , a series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Based on an idea that came to Martin while writing the 1981 novel Windhaven , Tyrion has been called one of the author 's finest creations and most popular characters by The New York Times . Martin has named the character as his favorite in the series . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Tyrion is a dwarf and member of House Lannister , one of the wealthiest and most powerful families in the fictional kingdom of Westeros . He subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and A Storm of Swords -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . Tyrion was one of a few prominent characters that were not included in 2005 's A Feast for Crows , but returned in the next novel A Dance with Dragons -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . The character will also appear in the forthcoming volume The Winds of Winter . The popularity of the character led Martin and Bantam Books to publish The Wit & Wisdom of Tyrion Lannister , an illustrated collection of Tyrion quotes from the novels , in 2013 . In the story , Tyrion uses his status as a Lannister to mitigate the impact of the marginalization and derision he has received all of his life -- even from his own family . Knowing that no one will ever take him seriously , he soothes his inadequacies with wine , wit , and self-indulgence . But as the peaceful rule of King Robert Baratheon begins to come apart , Tyrion sees how ill-equipped his family are to hold everything together . He first saves his own neck from the vengeful Catelyn Stark and her sister Lysa Arryn , then is tasked by his father Tywin to impose order on the capital of King 's Landing -- as well as his nephew Joffrey , the new king -- as civil war is sparked . Tyrion struggles to strengthen and protect the city and family who hate him and refuse to see the peril they are in ; when his father returns , Tyrion becomes vulnerable to the wrath and machinations of the self-serving courtiers who surround Joffrey -- including Tyrion 's own scheming sister Cersei . Tyrion escapes death again but at great cost , and in fleeing Westeros finds himself in even more danger , but without his Lannister resources . Peter Dinklage has garnered enormous praise for his portrayal of the character . In 2011 , Dinklage received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series and later the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Series , Miniseries , or Television Film for his portrayal of Tyrion in the HBO series . He won the Emmy again in 2015 . Among other accolades , Dinklage has been nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award in 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , and 2016 . | Tyrone Power -LRB- 1914 -- 1958 -RRB- was an American actor . Tyrone Power may also refer to : Tyrone Power -LRB- Irish actor -RRB- , -LRB- 1795 -- 1841 -RRB- Tyrone Power Sr -LRB- 1869 -- 1931 -RRB- , British-born actor Tyrone Power Jr. -LRB- born 1959 -RRB- , actor |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lauren Graham is an author. | Lauren Helen Graham -LRB- born March 16 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress and author . She is best recognized for her role as Lorelai Gilmore on the television series Gilmore Girls -LRB- 2000 -- 07 -RRB- , for which she received two Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , one Golden Globe nomination , and five Satellite Award nominations . She is also known for film roles in Sweet November -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Bad Santa -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Pacifier -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Because I Said So -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and Evan Almighty -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . From 2010 to 2015 , Graham starred as Sarah Braverman on the NBC television drama Parenthood . Graham published her debut novel in 2013 , Someday , Someday , Maybe , with Ballantine Books . She reprised her role as Lorelai Gilmore on Netflix 's reunion miniseries in 2016 , Gilmore Girls : A Year in the Life , and published a memoir , Talking as Fast as I Can : from Gilmore Girls to Gilmore Girls -LRB- and Everything in Between -RRB- . | Katherine Lee Graham -LRB- born April 30 , 1997 -RRB- , known professionally as K. Lee Graham , is an American model and beauty queen who was crowned Miss Teen USA 2014 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Solange Knowles is a dancer and model. | Solange Piaget Knowles -LRB- -LSB- soʊˈlɑːnʒ -RSB- born June 24 , 1986 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , dancer , model and actress . Expressing an interest in music from an early age , Knowles had several temporary stints in Destiny 's Child , before signing with her father Mathew Knowles 's Music World Entertainment label . At age 16 , Knowles released her first studio album Solo Star -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Between 2005 and 2007 , Knowles had several minor acting roles , including the direct-to-video Bring It On : All or Nothing -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and continued writing music for her older sister Beyoncé Knowles-Carter and for ex-Destiny 's Child group members Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams . In 2007 , Knowles began to record music again . Her second studio album Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams -LRB- 2008 -RRB- deviated from the pop-oriented music of her debut to the Motown Sound of the 1960s and 1970s . It peaked at number nine on US Billboard 200 and received positive reviews from critics . She followed this up with the 1980s pop and R&B -- inspired extended play True -LRB- 2012 -RRB- on Columbia Records and her imprint Saint Records . Her third studio album , A Seat at the Table -LRB- 2016 -RRB- became her first number-one album in the United States . The album 's first single , `` Cranes in the Sky '' won the Grammy for Best R&B Performance . In December 2016 , Billboard magazine ranked her as the 100th most successful dance artist of all-time . Knowles is heavily influenced by Motown girl groups and says that her first passion is songwriting . She is frequently compared by the media to her sister , Beyoncé , but Solange insists they have different aspirations and are musically different . Her other ventures include an endorsement deal with Rimmel London and a line of hip-hop-oriented merchandise for young children . On November 16 , 2014 , Knowles married music video director Alan Ferguson in New Orleans , Louisiana . | Brooke Burke-Charvet -LRB- born September 8 , 1971 -RRB- , better known by her maiden name , Brooke Burke , is an American actress , dancer , model , and television personality . She is known for Rock Star -LRB- 2005 -- 2006 -RRB- , winning the seventh season of Dancing with the Stars , and for co-hosting Dancing With the Stars from 2010 to 2013 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Jennifer Lawrence has not been in films. | Jennifer Shrader Lawrence -LRB- born August 15 , 1990 -RRB- is an American actress . Since 2015 , Lawrence has been the highest-paid actress in the world , and her films have grossed over $ 5.5 billion worldwide . She appeared in Time 100 most influential people in the world in 2013 and Forbes Celebrity 100 the following year and in 2016 . During her childhood , Lawrence performed in church plays and school musicals . When she was 14 , a talent scout spotted her in New York . She then moved to Los Angeles and began her acting career by playing guest roles in television shows . Her first major role came as a main cast member on the sitcom The Bill Engvall Show -LRB- 2007 -- 2009 -RRB- . Lawrence made her film debut with a supporting role in Garden Party -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and had her breakthrough playing a poverty-stricken teenager in the independent drama Winter 's Bone -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . She achieved wider recognition for playing the mutant Mystique in X-Men : First Class -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , a role she reprised in later installments of the series . Lawrence 's fame continued to grow with her starring role as Katniss Everdeen in the Hunger Games film series -LRB- 2012 -- 2015 -RRB- , which established her as the highest-grossing action heroine of all time . She went on to earn various accolades from her collaborations with director David O. Russell . Her performance as a depressed widow in the romance film Silver Linings Playbook -LRB- 2012 -RRB- received an Academy Award for Best Actress , making her the second youngest Best Actress Oscar winner . Lawrence subsequently won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for playing a troubled wife in the black comedy American Hustle -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . She also received Golden Globe Awards for her roles in both of these films and for playing the eponymous inventor in the biopic Joy -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . Lawrence is known in the media for being a vocal advocate of feminism and gender equality , and is the founder of the Jennifer Lawrence Foundation through which she supports various charitable organizations . | American entertainer Jennifer Lopez has appeared in many motion pictures and television programs . She is one of the highest paid actresses in Hollywood and is the highest paid actress of Latin descent , making up to US$ 15 million per film role . She is also the richest actress in Hollywood , with an estimated net worth of $ 320 million -LRB- as of 2014 -RRB- . Lopez made her acting debut at age 16 with a small role in the 1986 film My Little Girl . From there , she received her first high-profile job in 1991 as a Fly Girl dancer on the television comedy program In Living Color . Following her departure from the show in 1993 , Lopez made several guest appearances in the television series South Central , appeared in the made-for-television movie Lost in the Wild -LRB- 1993 -RRB- and starred as Melinda Lopez in the television series Second Chances -LRB- 1993 -RRB- and its spin-off Hotel Malibu -LRB- 1994 -RRB- . Second Chances and Hotel Malibu ran for only a brief period , receiving negative reviews . Lopez 's first major film role came in the 1995 motion picture Money Train , alongside Wesley Snipes and Woody Harrelson . The film faced negative reviews and is considered to be a box office bomb . Her next two film roles in Jack -LRB- 1996 -RRB- and Blood and Wine -LRB- 1997 -RRB- were received similarly ; however , critics were divided by the latter . Lopez received her first leading role in the Selena biopic of the same name in 1997 . The film was a commercial and critical success and is often cited by critics as her breakout role . Later that year , Lopez starred as Terri Flores in the film Anaconda , which garnered negative reviews by critics despite being a box office success . In 1998 , Lopez starred alongside George Clooney in the crime film Out of Sight -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . The film met with positive reviews and was a box office success . In the same year , she also lent her voice to the animated film Antz . Following the launch of her music career in 1999 , Lopez returned to films as the star of the 2000 psychological thriller The Cell . In 2001 , Lopez starred in the films The Wedding Planner and Angel Eyes , which were received unfavorably . The simultaneous release of The Wedding Planner and her second album J.Lo made Lopez the first person in history to have a number one album and film in the same week . Lopez starred alongside Ralph Fiennes in the romantic comedy Maid in Manhattan in 2002 . The film received mixed reviews , despite its box office success . In 2003 and 2004 she starred alongside then-boyfriend Ben Affleck in the films Gigli and Jersey Girl . Critics wrote negatively for both films , and Gigli is considered one of the worst films of all time . Lopez retained box office success co-starring in the 2004 film Shall We Dance ? alongside Richard Gere . She then co-starred opposite Jane Fonda in the romantic comedy Monster-in-Law -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . Following the role , Lopez starred in the independent films An Unfinished Life -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Bordertown -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and El Cantante -LRB- 2006 -RRB- ; she also acted as the executive producer of the latter . In 2006 and 2007 Lopez worked further behind the scenes as an executive producer of the television series South Beach and DanceLife , the film Feel the Noise and the mini-series Jennifer Lopez Presents : Como Ama una Mujer . Following the birth of her twins in 2008 , Lopez took a break from her career . She made her return to the small screen and the big screen in 2010 , making a guest appearance in an episode of How I Met Your Mother and starring in the film The Back-up Plan . In 2011 and 2012 , during their tenth and eleventh seasons , Lopez was a judge on the reality television singing competition American Idol . She earned a reported $ 12 million for her first and $ 20 million for her second season on the show . In 2012 , she launched ¡ Q'Viva ! The Chosen , a talent show created by Simon Fuller , that followed Lopez , Marc Anthony and director-choeographer Jamie King as they travelled across 21 Latin American countries to find talent for a Las Vegas show . Lopez co-starred alongside an ensemble cast consisting of Cameron Diaz , Elizabeth Banks , Matthew Morrison and Dennis Quaid in the film What to Expect When You 're Expecting -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . The film , which is based on the book of the same name , was a moderate commercial success and received generally negative reviews from film critics . Later that same year , she lent her voice to the animated film , Ice Age : Continental Drift , the fourth in the Ice Age franchise . The film gave Lopez her highest opening weekend figure . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Diego Costa plays for the France national team. | Diego da Silva Costa -LRB- -LSB- ˈdjeɣo ða ˈsilβa ˈkosta -RSB- , -LSB- ˈdʒjeɡu dɐ ˈsiwvɐ ˈkɔstɐ -RSB- ; born 7 October 1988 -RRB- , is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for English club Chelsea and the Spain national team . He has been described by pundits as a talented striker whose main attributes are his physicality , goalscoring and ability to keep possession . Costa has been criticised and punished for several confrontations with opponents . He began his career with Braga and Penafiel in Portugal , and was signed by Atlético Madrid in 2007 . He was loaned back to Braga , and then to Celta de Vigo and Albacete before being sold to Real Valladolid in 2009 . He returned to Atlético the following season and went on to play a key role in their attack , scoring 27 goals as they won the league title in 2014 , and then joined Chelsea for # 32 million . He scored 21 goals in his first season in England , winning the Premier League and League Cup . Internationally , Costa played twice for his native Brazil in 2013 , but later declared his desire to represent Spain , having been granted Spanish citizenship in September 2013 . He made his debut for his adopted nation in March 2014 , and represented them at the 2014 FIFA World Cup . | Luís Carlos Neto da Costa -LRB- born 4 September 1998 -RRB- is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for S.C. Freamunde as a defender . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Audrey Horne was introduced. | Audrey Horne is a fictional character from the ABC television series Twin Peaks , played by Sherilyn Fenn . The character was created by David Lynch . She was introduced in the pilot . The daughter of Ben -LRB- Richard Beymer -RRB- and Sylvia Horne , sister of Johnny Horne -LRB- Robert Bauer -RRB- and half-sister of Donna Hayward -LRB- Lara Flynn Boyle -RRB- , her storylines focused on her infatuation with the series protagonist Dale Cooper -LRB- Kyle MacLachlan -RRB- , infiltrating the brothel/casino One Eyed Jacks and becoming an activist through civil disobedience . | The Horne Baronetcy , of Shackleford in the County of Surrey , is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom . It was created on 25 March 1929 for Edgar Horne . He was Chairman of the Prudential Assurance Company and also represented Guildford in the House of Commons as a Unionist . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Alkaline Trio is a band. | Alkaline Trio is an American punk rock band from McHenry , Illinois . The band consists of guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba , bassist and vocalist Dan Andriano , and drummer Derek Grant . Founded in late 1996 by Skiba , bassist Rob Doran , and drummer Glenn Porter , Alkaline Trio released its debut single , `` Sundials '' , in 1997 . Following its release , Doran departed from the band and was replaced by Andriano . The band subsequently recorded an EP , For Your Lungs Only -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , and its debut studio album , Goddamnit -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . Following the release of the band 's second album , Maybe I 'll Catch Fire -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Porter left the band and was replaced by Mike Felumlee for its subsequent album , From Here to Infirmary -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . Backed by the singles `` Stupid Kid '' and `` Private Eye '' , From Here to Infirmary significantly increased the band 's exposure , and its follow-up , Good Mourning -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , charted highly on the Billboard 200 . Good Mourning marked the recording debut of current drummer Derek Grant . In 2005 , the band released Crimson which expanded upon the band 's punk rock influences , with prominent overdubs and additional instrumentation , and continued with this direction on Agony & Irony -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , which was released on V2 Records . In 2010 , the band released This Addiction on its own label Heart & Skull and Epitaph . Recorded in the band 's home town of Chicago , with early producer Matt Allison , the album was a conscious effort by the band to return to their punk rock roots ; it became the highest charting album of their career , debuting on the Billboard 200 at No. 11 . In 2011 , the band celebrated its 15-year anniversary with the release of Damnesia , which featured new , acoustic-based recordings of songs from across the band 's career . The band 's eighth studio album , My Shame Is True , was released on April 2 , 2013 . | Demos is the first full-length album by Alkaline Trio singer/guitarist Matt Skiba . It is composed of demos that Skiba has recorded into his computer . Skiba released the project on Asian Man Records , which was Alkaline Trio 's label for their first two full-length albums , Goddamnit and Maybe I 'll Catch Fire . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer produced the 1997 action film The Rock. | Donald Clarence `` Don '' Simpson -LRB- October 29 , 1943 -- January 19 , 1996 -RRB- was an American film producer , screenwriter , and actor . Simpson , along with his producing partner Jerry Bruckheimer , produced such hit films as Flashdance -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , Beverly Hills Cop -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Top Gun -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , and The Rock -LRB- 1996 -RRB- . Their films would go on to earn $ 3 billion worldwide . | Concrete Cowboys is a 1979 American made-for-television western adventure film starring Jerry Reed and Tom Selleck , directed by Burt Kennedy . It was broadcast on CBS on October 17 , 1979 . The film is also known as Highway Action -LRB- in Finland -RRB- , Nashville detective -LRB- in Italy -RRB- and Ramblin ' Man , the latter under which it was released on video by a few companies , including Edde Entertainment . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.There is a person that can run 100 meters in 36.84 seconds name Usain Bolt. | Usain St Leo Bolt , OJ , CD -LRB- -LSB- ˈjuːseɪn -RSB- born 21 August 1986 -RRB- is a Jamaican sprinter . He is the first person to hold both the 100 metres and 200 metres world records since fully automatic time became mandatory . He also holds the world record as a part of the 4 × 100 metres relay . He is the reigning world and Olympic champion in these three events . Due to his unprecedented dominance and achievements in sprint competition , he is widely considered to be the greatest sprinter of all time . An eight-time Olympic gold medalist , Bolt won the 100 m , 200 m and 4 × 100 m relay at three consecutive Olympic Games , although he subsequently lost one of the gold medals -LRB- as well as the world record set therein -RRB- nine years after the fact due to teammate Nesta Carter 's disqualification for doping offences . He gained worldwide popularity for his double sprint victory at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in world record times . Bolt is the only sprinter to win Olympic 100 m and 200 m titles at three consecutive olympics -LRB- 2008 , 2012 and 2016 -RRB- , a feat referred to as the `` triple double . '' An eleven-time World Champion , he won consecutive World Championship 100 m , 200 m and 4 × 100 metres relay gold medals from 2009 to 2015 , with the exception of a 100 m false start in 2011 . He is the most successful athlete of the World Championships and was the first athlete to win three titles in both the 100 m and 200 m at the competition . Bolt improved upon his first 100 m world record of 9.69 with 9.58 seconds in 2009 -- the biggest improvement since the start of electronic timing . He has twice broken the 200 metres world record , setting 19.30 in 2008 and 19.19 in 2009 . He has helped Jamaica to three 4 × 100 metres relay world records , with the current record being 36.84 seconds set in 2012 . Bolt 's most successful event is the 200 m , with three Olympic and four World titles . The 2008 Olympics was his international debut over 100 m ; he had earlier won numerous 200 m medals -LRB- including 2007 World Championship silver -RRB- and holds the world under-20 and world under-18 records for the event . His achievements as a sprinter have earned him the media nickname `` Lightning Bolt '' , and his awards include the IAAF World Athlete of the Year , Track & Field Athlete of the Year , and Laureus World Sportsman of the Year -LRB- four times -RRB- . Bolt has stated that he intends to retire from athletics after the 2017 World Championships . | The 100 metres , or 100-metre dash , is a sprint race in track and field competitions . The shortest common outdoor running distance , it is one of the most popular and prestigious events in the sport of athletics . It has been contested at the Summer Olympics since 1896 for men and since 1928 for women . The reigning 100 m Olympic champion is often named `` the fastest runner in the world . '' The World Championships 100 metres has been contested since 1983 . Jamaicans Usain Bolt and Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce are the reigning world champions , Bolt and Elaine Thompson are the Olympic champions in the men 's and women 's 100 metres , respectively . On an outdoor 400 metres running track , the 100 m is run on the home straight , with the start usually being set on an extension to make it a straight-line race . Runners begin in the starting blocks and the race begins when an official fires the starter 's pistol . Sprinters typically reach top speed after somewhere between 50 -- 60 m . Their speed then slows towards the finish line . The 10-second barrier has historically been a barometer of fast men 's performances , while the best female sprinters take eleven seconds or less to complete the race . The current men 's world record is 9.58 seconds , set by Jamaica 's Usain Bolt in 2009 , while the women 's world record of 10.49 seconds set by American Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988 remains unbroken . The 100 m -LRB- 109.361 yards -RRB- emerged from the metrication of the 100 yards -LRB- 91.44 m -RRB- , a now defunct distance originally contested in English-speaking countries . The event is largely held outdoors as few indoor facilities have a 100 m straight . US athletes have won the men 's Olympic 100 metres title more times than any other country , 16 out of the 28 times that it has been run . US women have also dominated the event winning 9 out of 21 times . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Doctor Doom is the son of a Romani sorceress. | Doctor Victor Von Doom -LRB- or simply Doctor Doom -RRB- is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The son of Romani witch Cynthia Von Doom , Doctor Doom traditionally has been the archenemy of the Fantastic Four , and the leader of the fictional nation of Latveria . He is both a genius inventor and a sorcerer . While his chief opponents have been the Fantastic Four , he has also come into conflict with Iron Man , the Avengers and other superheroes in the Marvel Universe . Though normally portrayed as a supervillain , since Civil War II in 2016 , Doom has been depicted as a superhero , taking up the mantle of Iron Man from Tony Stark , and going on to join the Avengers . Doctor Doom has made many appearances in video games , television series , and merchandise such as action figures and trading cards . He was ranked as the 4th Greatest Villain by Wizard on its 100 Greatest Villains of All Time list . IGN 's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time ranked Doctor Doom as # 3 . Doctor Doom has also been featured in other Marvel-endorsed feature films such as Roger Corman 's unreleased 1994 The Fantastic Four played by Joseph Culp , and the 2005 film Fantastic Four and its 2007 sequel Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer played by Julian McMahon . Toby Kebbell portrays the character in the 2015 reboot . | According to Sophocles ' play Antigone , Haemon -LSB- ˈhiːmɒn -RSB- or Haimon -LRB- , Haimon `` bloody '' ; gen. : Αἵμωνος -RRB- , was the son of Creon and Eurydice . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Big Show is signed to WWE. | Paul Donald Wight II -LRB- born February 8 , 1972 -RRB- , better known by the ring name Big Show , is an American professional wrestler and actor currently signed to WWE on the Raw brand . Wight began his career in World Championship Wrestling -LRB- WCW -RRB- , where he was known by the ring name The Giant . Wight is a seven-time world champion , having held the WCW World Heavyweight Championship twice , the WWF/WWE Championship twice , WWE 's World Heavyweight Championship twice and the ECW World Championship once -LRB- he is the only man to have held the WCW , WWE , World Heavyweight and ECW World titles -RRB- . Wight has also found success in the tag team division , having been an 11-time world tag team champion , holding the WWF/World , WWE and WCW World Tag Team Championships multiple times with various tag team partners . Having also been Intercontinental , United States and Hardcore Champion , he is the 24th Triple Crown and 12th Grand Slam winner in WWE history . Between WWE and WCW , Wight has held 23 total championships . He has also won WCW 's 1996 World War 3 60-man battle royal and the 30-man André the Giant Memorial Battle Royal at WrestleMania 31 . Wight has headlined multiple pay-per-view events for WCW and WWF/WWE since 1995 , including the 2000 edition of WWE 's premier annual event , WrestleMania . Outside of professional wrestling , Wight has appeared in feature films and television series such as Jingle All The Way , The Waterboy , Star Trek : Enterprise , and three USA Network 's comedy-dramas Royal Pains , Psych and the action-drama Burn Notice . In 2010 , he had his first lead role in the comedy film Knucklehead , which was produced by WWE Studios . | Young the Giant is an American rock band that formed in Irvine , California , in 2004 . The band 's line-up consists of Sameer Gadhia -LRB- lead vocals -RRB- , Jacob Tilley -LRB- guitar -RRB- , Eric Cannata -LRB- guitar -RRB- , Payam Doostzadeh -LRB- bass guitar -RRB- , and Francois Comtois -LRB- drums -RRB- . Formerly known as The Jakes , Young the Giant was signed by Roadrunner Records in 2009 and they released their eponymous debut album in 2010 . The band 's first three singles , `` My Body '' , `` Cough Syrup '' and `` Apartment '' reached the top five of the US Alternative Songs chart . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Edge of Tomorrow came out in Brazil. | Edge of Tomorrow -LRB- alternatively known by its tagline Live . Die . Repeat . and marketed as such on home release -RRB- is a 2014 American military science fiction film starring Tom Cruise and Emily Blunt . Doug Liman directed the film based on a screenplay adapted from the 2004 Japanese light novel All You Need Is Kill by Hiroshi Sakurazaka . The film begins with a flashback to the year 2015 , when a horde of aliens called the Mimics arrived in Germany on a meteorite . By the year 2020 , in which the film 's action takes place , the horde has spread over most of continental Europe and killed all humans in its way . Cruise plays William Cage , a public relations officer with no combat experience , who is ordered by his superior to film the first wave of a crucial landing operation against the aliens . Upon being killed in combat , Cage finds himself in a time loop that sends him back to the day preceding the battle every time he dies . Cage teams up with Special Forces warrior Rita Vrataski -LRB- Blunt -RRB- in seeking a way to defeat the extraterrestrials . In late 2009 , Productions purchased the rights to the novel and sold a spec script to the American studio Warner Bros. . The studio produced the film with the involvement of , the novel 's publisher Viz Media , and Australian production company Village Roadshow . Filming began in late 2012 , taking place in England at Leavesden Studios outside London , and other locations such as Trafalgar Square and Saunton Sands . Nine companies handled the visual effects . The film was released in cinemas on the weekend of , 2014 in 28 territories , including the United Kingdom , Brazil , Germany , Spain , and Indonesia . On the weekend of , 2014 it was released in 36 additional territories , including North America -LRB- United States and Canada -RRB- , Australia , China , and Russia . The film grossed over in theaters worldwide and received positive reviews from critics . A sequel , titled Live Die Repeat and Repeat , is currently in development . | Outbreak is a 1995 American medical disaster film directed by Wolfgang Petersen and loosely based on Richard Preston 's nonfiction book , The Hot Zone . It stars Dustin Hoffman , Rene Russo and Morgan Freeman , and co-stars Cuba Gooding Jr. , Kevin Spacey , Donald Sutherland and Patrick Dempsey . The film focuses on an outbreak of a fictional Ebola-like virus , Motaba , in Zaire and later in a small town in the United States . It is primarily set in the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the fictional town of Cedar Creek , California . Outbreak plot speculates how far military and civilian agencies might go to contain the spread of a deadly , contagious disease . The film , released on March 10 , 1995 , was a box-office success and Spacey won two awards for his performance . A real-life outbreak of the Ebola virus was occurring in Zaire when the film was released . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Amy Adams has zero middle names. | Amy Lou Adams -LRB- born August 20 , 1974 -RRB- is an American actress and singer . She was named one of 100 most influential people by Time magazine in 2014 and is among the highest-paid actresses in the world . She has won two Golden Globe Awards , and has been nominated for five Academy Awards and six British Academy Film Awards . Adams began her career on stage performing in dinner theater and went on to make her feature film debut in Drop Dead Gorgeous -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . After moving to Los Angeles , she made several appearances on television and in B-movies , before starring in Steven Spielberg 's 2002 biopic Catch Me If You Can . Adams 's breakthrough role came in the 2005 independent film Junebug , in which her portrayal of a young pregnant woman earned her an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress nomination . In 2007 , she starred as a princess in the commercially successful Disney musical film Enchanted . Adams received three more Oscar nominations for her supporting roles in Doubt -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , The Fighter -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and The Master -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . She played reporter Lois Lane in the 2013 superhero film Man of Steel and a troubled con artist in David O. Russell 's film American Hustle ; for the latter , she won a Golden Globe Award and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress . She won a second consecutive Golden Globe Award for portraying artist Margaret Keane in the comedy-drama Big Eyes -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Adams reprised the role of Lois in Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice , and garnered acclaim for her leading roles in the science-fiction film Arrival and the crime thriller Nocturnal Animals . | The first season of the television comedy series The Middle aired between September 30 , 2009 and May 19 , 2010 , on ABC in the United States . It was produced by Blackie and Blondie Productions and Warner Bros. . Television with series creators DeAnn Heline and Eileen Heisler as executive producers . The show features Frances `` Frankie '' Heck -LRB- Patricia Heaton -RRB- , a working-class , Midwestern woman married to Mike Heck -LRB- Neil Flynn -RRB- who resides in the small fictional town of Orson , Indiana . They are the parents of three children , Axl -LRB- Charlie McDermott -RRB- , Sue -LRB- Eden Sher -RRB- , and Brick -LRB- Atticus Shaffer -RRB- . After airing only 2 episodes , ABC gave the show a full season pickup . It was then renewed for a second season on January 12 , 2010 . The first episode premiered to 8.707 million viewers , a 5.4 / 9 household rating and a 2.6 / 8 adults 18-49 rating . It beat out the CBS sitcom , Gary Unmarried , and the NBC drama , Mercy , both of which aired in the same timeslot . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Terminator Genisys reuses characters. | Terminator Genisys is a 2015 American science fiction action film directed by Alan Taylor and written by Laeta Kalogridis and Patrick Lussier . The fifth installment in the Terminator franchise , it serves as a soft reboot to the film series that features the main characters from the first two films , portrayed by a new cast with the exception of Arnold Schwarzenegger , who reprises his role as the eponymous character . The film stars Schwarzenegger , Jason Clarke , Emilia Clarke and Jai Courtney . The plot follows soldier Kyle Reese in the war against Skynet ; Kyle is sent from the year 2029 to 1984 by John Connor , leader of the Human Resistance , to protect Connor 's mother Sarah from Skynet 's android agent . When Kyle arrives in the past , he discovers that the timeline has been altered and Sarah has been raised by his quarry 's reprogrammed facsimile , and must travel to 2017 to stop a dangerous scheme from Skynet and face its advanced enforcer , the T-3000 , with his new allies . Megan Ellison and her production company , Annapurna Pictures , acquired the franchise rights in May 2011 . The following year , production of another installment in the series was set up in collaboration with Skydance Productions -LRB- owned by Ellison 's brother , David -RRB- . The Ellisons consulted Terminator creator James Cameron in the hope of returning to the spirit of the original film , The Terminator , and its sequel , Terminator 2 : Judgment Day . Principal photography was primarily in New Orleans , with some in the on-screen setting of San Francisco . Six companies handled the film 's visual effects ; its prosthetic make-up and animatronics were created by Legacy Effects , a studio founded by Terminator veteran Stan Winston . The film was released by Paramount Pictures on July 1 , 2015 , in standard digital format , RealD 3D , and IMAX 3D . Terminator Genisys was not well received by critics , who found the story and performances unsatisfactory , although Schwarzenegger 's return to the franchise was praised . It grossed over $ 440 million worldwide , making it the second-highest-grossing film of the franchise and Schwarzenegger 's career -LRB- after Terminator 2 : Judgment Day -RRB- . | This list of Terminator video games includes video games based on the 1984 film The Terminator , a science fiction action film that has been followed by four sequels . Some of the games follow part of the plot of the films . The characters and related events are described , below , using in-universe tone . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Belko Experiment is not an American horror film. | The Belko Experiment is a 2016 American horror film directed by Greg McLean and written by James Gunn . The film stars John Gallagher Jr. , Tony Goldwyn , Adria Arjona and Melonie Diaz . Filming began on June 1 , 2015 , in Bogotá , Colombia . The film premiered at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival on September 10 , 2016 and was released in the United States on March 17 , 2017 , by BH Tilt and Orion Pictures . The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed $ 10 million worldwide , against its $ 5 million budget . | Borderland is a 2007 horror film written and directed by Zev Berman . It is loosely based on the true story of Adolfo de Jesús Constanzo , a drug lord and the leader of a religious cult that practiced human sacrifice Costanzo and his followers , called the Narco-satanists , kidnapped and murdered University of Texas junior , Mark J. Kilroy , in the spring of 1989 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Wolfman (2010 film) was directed by Steven Spielberg. | The Wolfman is a 2010 American horror drama film and a remake of the 1941 film of the same name . The film is directed by Joe Johnston , with a screenplay by Andrew Kevin Walker and David Self , and creature make-up effects by Rick Baker and stars Benicio del Toro , Anthony Hopkins , Emily Blunt , Hugo Weaving , and Geraldine Chaplin . Baker and make-up effects supervisor Dave Elsey won the Academy Award for Best Makeup at the 83rd Academy Awards . Acclaimed director Mark Romanek was originally attached to direct the film but later dropped out due to creative differences and Joe Johnston was hired shortly after . The film was released in the United States on February 12 , 2010 , grossing $ 61 million domestically and $ 139 million worldwide against a $ 150 million budget . | Horrorween is a 2010 horror comedy film directed by Joe Estevez and written by Mike Muscat , Judd Rubin , Jason Sanchez and Ed Meyer . It stars Lloyd Kaufman , Kathy Garver and Tom Savini . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Nicolas Cage began his life in the year 1964. | Nicolas Kim Coppola -LRB- born January 7 , 1964 -RRB- , known professionally as Nicolas Cage , is an American actor and producer . He has performed in leading roles in a variety of films , ranging from romantic comedies and dramas to science fiction and action films . In the early years of his career , Cage starred in films such as Valley Girl -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , Racing with the Moon -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Birdy -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Peggy Sue Got Married -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Raising Arizona -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Moonstruck -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Vampire 's Kiss -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Wild at Heart -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Fire Birds -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Honeymoon in Vegas -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , and Red Rock West -LRB- 1993 -RRB- . Cage received an Academy Award , a Golden Globe , and Screen Actors Guild Award for his performance as an alcoholic Hollywood writer in Leaving Las Vegas -LRB- 1995 -RRB- before coming to the attention of wider audiences with mainstream films , such as The Rock -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Face/Off -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Con Air -LRB- 1997 -RRB- and City of Angels -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . He earned his second Academy Award nomination for his performance as Charlie and Donald Kaufman in Adaptation -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . In 2002 , he directed the film Sonny , for which he was nominated for Grand Special Prize at Deauville Film Festival . Cage owns the production company Saturn Films and has produced films such as Shadow of the Vampire -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and The Life of David Gale -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . He has also appeared in National Treasure -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Lord of War -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Bad Lieutenant : Port of Call New Orleans -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , and Kick-Ass -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . Films such as Ghost Rider -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and Knowing -LRB- 2009 -RRB- were box office successes . Cage has been strongly criticized in recent years for his choice of roles , some of which have been universally panned . However , he recently starred in The Croods and Joe , both of which were warmly received by critics . | From Her to Eternity is the debut studio album by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds , released on 18 June 1984 . The title is a pun on the book/movie From Here to Eternity . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Thor: The Dark World was released in November 2013 in the United States. | Thor : The Dark World is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It is the sequel to 2011 's Thor and the eighth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Alan Taylor , with a screenplay by Christopher Yost and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely . It stars Chris Hemsworth , Natalie Portman , Tom Hiddleston , Anthony Hopkins , Stellan Skarsgård , Idris Elba , Christopher Eccleston , Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje , Kat Dennings , Ray Stevenson , Zachary Levi , Tadanobu Asano , Jaimie Alexander , and Rene Russo . In Thor : The Dark World , Thor teams up with Loki to save the Nine Realms from the Dark Elves led by the vengeful Malekith , who intends to plunge the universe into darkness . Development of Thor : The Dark World began in April 2011 , when producer Kevin Feige announced plans for a sequel to follow the crossover film The Avengers . In July 2011 , Kenneth Branagh , the director of Thor , withdrew from the project . Brian Kirk and Patty Jenkins were considered to direct the film before Taylor was hired in January 2012 . The supporting cast filled out in August 2012 , with the hiring of Eccleston , Dennings , and Akinnuoye-Agbaje . Principal photography began in September 2012 in Surrey , England with filming continuing in Iceland and London , before wrapping up in December 2012 . Thor : The Dark World was converted to 3D in post-production . Thor : The Dark World premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on October 22 , 2013 . It was released internationally on October 30 , 2013 , and on November 8 , 2013 , in the United States . The film received mixed reviews , but was a commercial success , grossing over $ 644 million worldwide . A third film , Thor : Ragnarok , is set for release on November 3 , 2017 . | is a 2014 Japanese supernatural horror film directed by Takashi Miike . It was released on 23 August 2014 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Zach Galifianakis was passed up for a role in Birdman. | Zachary Knight Galifianakis -LRB- -LSB- ˌgælᵻfəˈnækᵻs -RSB- born October 1 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor , writer and comedian . He came to prominence with his Comedy Central Presents special in 2001 and presented his own show called Late World with Zach on VH1 the following year . He has also starred in films , such as The Hangover trilogy -LRB- 2009 -- 2013 -RRB- , Due Date -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Campaign -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Birdman or -LRB- The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance -RRB- -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Puss in Boots -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Masterminds -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and The Lego Batman Movie -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . He currently hosts the Emmy Award-winning talk show Between Two Ferns with Zach Galifianakis on the Funny or Die website and executive produces , writes , and stars in the dark comedy series Baskets on FX . | Grass Stains is a 2017 American drama thriller film directed and written by Kyle Wilamowski . The film stars Tye Sheridan , Kaitlyn Dever , Austin Abrams , Beau Mirchoff , Paula Malcomson and Annabeth Gish . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Room 93 is a debut extended play. | Room 93 is the debut extended play -LRB- EP -RRB- by American singer and songwriter Halsey . It was released on October 27 , 2014 by Astralwerks . The project was re-released digitally on March 9 , 2015 , including a new version of `` Ghost '' , this later is also included on the singer 's debut full-length album Badlands . The sound of the EP is rooted on the electropop music genre . A digital remix version of the EP , featuring three remixes for the songs `` Hurricane '' , `` Ghost '' and `` Trouble '' was released on March 3 , 2015 . Along with the remix EP , a `` One Mic , One Take '' EP was released on the same date . `` Trouble -LRB- Stripped -RRB- '' was featured on the promo of the episode `` Best Laid Plans '' of the TV series Once Upon a Time . | Room Girl is the debut album by Japanese artist Meg , released on July 9 , 2003 . This album was released under Meg 's then all-lowercase pseudonym `` meg '' . Room Girl peaked at number 87 on the Oricon weekly charts . |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Does a history of unintended pregnancy lessen the likelihood of desire for sterilization reversal? | Unintended pregnancy has been significantly associated with subsequent female sterilization. Whether women who are sterilized after experiencing an unintended pregnancy are less likely to express desire for sterilization reversal is unknown. | Changes in serum hormone levels induced by combined contraceptives. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Does the severity of obstructive sleep apnea predict patients requiring high continuous positive airway pressure? | To investigate polysomnographic and anthropomorphic factors predicting need of high optimal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). | Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and has been reported to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have demonstrated that cystatin C is a prognostic biomarker of the risk of death and CVD even in patients without established CKD. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: a premalignant condition? | Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is an uncommon variant of chronic cholecystitis, characterized by marked thickening of the gallbladder wall and dense local adhesions. It often mimics a gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), and may coexist with GBC, leading to a diagnostic dilemma. Furthermore, the premalignant nature of this entity is not known. This study was undertaken to assess the p53, PCNA and beta-catenin expression in XGC in comparison to GBC and chronic inflammation. | Retrospective analysis of patients seeking medical care for CGD (cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, or gallstone pancreatitis) during pregnancy at a single tertiary care institution over a 10-year period (2002-2012). Patients were contacted via standardized telephone survey to account for outside hospitalizations. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Can you deliver accurate tidal volume by manual resuscitator? | One of the problems with manual resuscitators is the difficulty in achieving accurate volume delivery. The volume delivered to the patient varies by the physical characteristics of the person and method. This study was designed to compare tidal volumes delivered by the squeezing method, physical characteristics and education and practice levels. | Tidal volumes of 6, 8 and 10 ml/kg body weight with a set respiratory rate of 20 breaths per minute were used in a random order with both double-lumen ventilation and standard endotracheal tube ventilation. Measurements of ventilatory and circulatory parameters were obtained after steady state at each experimental stage. With a tidal volume of 6 ml/kg, PaCO(2) was reduced from 10.9 kPa (95% CI 9.0-12.9) with a standard endotracheal tube to 8.2 kPa (95% CI 7.0-9.4) with double-lumen ventilation. This corresponds to a reduction in carbon dioxide levels by 25%. At 6 ml/kg, pH increased from 7.17 (95% CI 7.09-7.24) with a standard endotracheal tube to 7.27 (95% CI 7.21-7.32) with double-lumen ventilation. Tracheal pressure was monitored continuously and no difference between single- or double-lumen ventilation was noted at corresponding levels of ventilation. There was no formation of auto-PEEP. Partial tube obstruction due to secretions was not observed during the experiments. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Do socioeconomic differences in mortality persist after retirement? | To assess the risk of death associated with work based and non-work based measures of socioeconomic status before and after retirement age. | Linked census-mortality cohorts were used to calculate the contribution of different causes of death to inequalities in mortality, measured with the slope index of inequality, by household income. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Are intraoperative precursor events associated with postoperative major adverse events? | Precursor events are undesirable events that can lead to a subsequent adverse event and have been associated with postoperative mortality. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether precursor events are associated with a composite endpoint of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (death, acute renal failure, stroke, infection) in a low- to medium-risk coronary artery bypass grafting, valve, and valve plus coronary artery bypass grafting population. These events might be targets for strategies aimed at quality improvement. | Postoperative premature labor remains the foremost limiting factor to the development of fetal surgery. Most attempts at controlling this complication have involved the use of drugs delivered systemically to the mother. This study assessed the effects of prolonged local anesthetic blockade of the myometrium on preterm delivery after open fetal surgery. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Bactericidal activity of 3 cutaneous/mucosal antiseptic solutions in the presence of interfering substances: Improvement of the NF EN 13727 European Standard? | There is no standard protocol for the evaluation of antiseptics used for skin and mucous membranes in the presence of interfering substances. Our objective was to suggest trial conditions adapted from the NF EN 13727 standard, for the evaluation of antiseptics used in gynecology and dermatology. | For the first step, 30 volunteers were studied, resulting in 120 determinations for each control and antiseptic. No differences between chlorhexidine gluconate (median 115 CFU/cm(2)) and sodium hypochlorite (median 115 CFU/cm(2)) were found. Both antiseptics were significantly different from rubbing control (317 CFU/cm(2)) and basal control (606 CFU/cm(2)). Only chlorhexidine showed a substantive effect. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Prostatic syndrome and pleural effusion: are they different diseases? | To report an uncommon association of prostate and lung cancer. | Systemic and local inflammations have been described as relevant prognostic factors in patients with cancer. However, parameters that stand for immune activity in the pleural space have not been tested as predictors of survival in patients with malignant pleural effusion. The objective of this study was to evaluate pleural lymphocytes and Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) as predictors of survival in patients with recurrent malignant pleural effusion. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Are behavioural risk factors to be blamed for the conversion from optimal blood pressure to hypertensive status in Black South Africans? | Longitudinal cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa are urgently needed to understand cardiovascular disease development. We, therefore, explored health behaviours and conventional risk factors of African individuals with optimal blood pressure (BP) (≤ 120/80 mm Hg), and their 5-year prediction for the development of hypertension. | Subjects with a positive family history of hypertension (N = 177) exhibited significantly greater mean body mass index (BMI) and ABP compared with subjects without (N = 137). Importantly, when covarying for age, BMI, gender, and race, linear regressions revealed significant FH by BDI interactions. Higher BDI scores were significantly associated with higher 24-hour ABP in FH+ subjects, but not in FH- participants. Relationships were significantly stronger in those with two hypertensive parents vs. those with one vs. those with no hypertensive parents. Increases in BDI scores were significantly related to greater heart rate (HR) and 24-hour urinary NE in both FH+ and FH- groups, although no evidence of a mediational role for NE in the effect of BDI score on blood pressure (BP) or HR was seen. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Parasacral sciatic nerve block: does the elicited motor response predict the success rate? | In this prospective, randomized, double-blind study, we compared the tibial and the peroneal evoked motor response with regard to efficacy of sciatic nerve block using the parasacral approach. | This study included 9,342 blocks performed on 7,160 patients at the Duke University Ambulatory Surgery Center. Blocks were classified as interscalene, supraclavicular, axillary, lumbar plexus, femoral, sciatic, ankle, paravertebral, spinal, and other (frequency less than 100). A block was considered surgical if a single attempt at placing the block resulted in a complete sensory, motor, and sympathetic nerve block. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the risk-adjusted association between patient characteristics and block failure. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Does prostate morphology affect outcomes after holmium laser enucleation? | To determine whether prostate morphology or technique used has any effect on postoperative outcomes after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. | To investigate and report the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with prostate cancer and previous exposure to Agent Orange (AO), particularly in relationship to race. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Is transurethral catheterisation the ideal method of bladder drainage? | Bladder catheterisation is a routine part of major abdominal surgery. Transurethral catheterisation is the most common method of bladder drainage but is also notorious for its discomfort and increased risk of urinary tract infection. The present study aimed to establish patient satisfaction with transurethral catheterisation and to assess the incidence of clinically significant urinary tract infections after transurethral catheterisation through survey. | A total of 82 patients who underwent radical cystectomy, extended lymph node dissection, orthotopic ileal bladder substitution, or heterotopic continent cutaneous urinary diversion with a follow-up >1 yr after surgery were prospectively evaluated. Patients who had a neurogenic bladder disorder, had undergone previous radiotherapy, or had not completed the questionnaire were excluded from the study. The validated Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index was completed by the patients preoperatively and at 3, 12, and 24 mo postoperatively. Five points concerning bowel function (frequent bowel movement, urgent bowel movement, diarrhea, constipation, or uncontrolled stool loss) were assessed, and the median scores were compared pre- and postoperatively. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Should all human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with end-stage renal disease be excluded from transplantation? | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients have generally been excluded from transplantation. Recent advances in the management and prognosis of these patients suggest that this policy should be reevaluated. | Three hundred and six renal transplant recipients categorized into 228 non-rejecters and 78 rejecters were genotyped for MMP-9 and MMP-2 polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methodology. |
Given a biomedical question, retrieve information that answers the question.Chronic progressive cervical myelopathy with HTLV-I infection: Variant form of HAM/TSP? | To investigate the role of human T-lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection in four patients who developed slowly progressive myelopathy with abnormal MRI lesions in the cervical cord levels. | Clinical studies demonstrate increased prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated disease in HIV-infected individuals and an increased risk of HIV acquisition in HPV-infected individuals. The mechanisms underlying this synergy are not defined. We hypothesize that women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) will exhibit changes in soluble mucosal immunity that may promote HPV persistence and facilitate HIV infection. |
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