query
stringlengths 41
33.2k
| positive
stringlengths 1
637k
| negative
stringlengths 0
978k
|
|---|---|---|
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Sa Talaiassa is also known as Sa Talaia. | Sa Talaiassa -LRB- -LSB- sə təɫəˈjasə -RSB- -RRB- , also known as Sa Talaia or Sa Talaia de Sant Josep , is the highest mountain in the island of Ibiza in the Balearic Islands of Spain . It is located in the southwest of the island . Talaia , the name of the mountain , means `` watchtower '' in Catalan , Talaiassa referring to an especially large one . Sant Josep de sa Talaia , the island 's largest municipality , is named after this mountain . | ` Tecticornia australasica ' also known as '' Grey samphire is found in intermittent patches across tropical coastal regions of Australia . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Werner Herzog is a German screenwriter, film director, author, actor, and opera director. | Werner Herzog -LRB- -LSB- ˈvɛɐ̯nɐ ˈhɛɐ̯tsoːk -RSB- ; born 5 September 1942 -RRB- is a German screenwriter , film director , author , actor , and opera director . Herzog is considered one of the greatest figures of the New German Cinema , along with Rainer Werner Fassbinder , Margarethe von Trotta , Volker Schlöndorff , Werner Schröter , and Wim Wenders . Herzog 's films often feature heroes with impossible dreams , people with unique talents in obscure fields , or individuals who are in conflict with nature . French filmmaker François Truffaut once called Herzog `` the most important film director alive . '' American film critic Roger Ebert said that Herzog `` has never created a single film that is compromised , shameful , made for pragmatic reasons , or uninteresting . Even his failures are spectacular . '' He was named one of the 100 most influential people on the planet by Time magazine in 2009 . | Oliver Hirschbiegel -LRB- born 29 December 1957 -RRB- is a German film director . His works include Das Experiment and the Oscar-nominated Downfall . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Michael Winterbottom often works with the same businesses. | Not to be confused with the classical scholar Michael Winterbottom -LRB- academic -RRB- . Michael Winterbottom -LRB- born 29 March 1961 -RRB- is an English filmmaker . He began his career working in British television before moving into features . Three of his films -- Welcome to Sarajevo , Wonderland and 24 Hour Party People -- have competed for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival . Winterbottom often works with the same actors ; many faces can be seen in several of his films , including Shirley Henderson , Paul Popplewell , John Simm , Steve Coogan , Rob Brydon , Raymond Waring and Kieran O'Brien . | The Worshipful Company of Distillers is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London . The Distillers ' Company was incorporated under a Royal Charter in 1638 , and empowered to regulate and supervise the production of spirits and liquors . Nowadays , the Company no longer exercises such powers but focuses on charitable distributions , including educational scholarships and bursaries . The Distillers ' Company ranks sixty-ninth in the order of precedence of City Livery Companies and its membership , comprising executives from the drinks industry and those whose families were involved in the distilling business , enjoys an active social life . A short history of the Company by Michael Berlin was published in 1996 , and its heraldic motto is Drop as Rain , Distil as Dew . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Linda Schuyler was born in England. | Linda Schuyler , -LRB- née Bawcutt ; born in 1948 in London , England -RRB- is a Canadian television producer involved in the creation and production of the Degrassi series and Instant Star series of teen programs . | Karin Schuitema -LRB- born 1969 -RRB- is a road cyclist from the Netherlands . In 1987 she won bronze at the Dutch National Road Race Championships . She participated at the 1988 UCI Road World Championships in the Women 's team time trial . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Comics provided some of the inspiration for The Fifth Element. | The Fifth Element -LRB- Le Cinquième Élément -RRB- is a 1997 English-language French science-fiction action film directed and co-written by Luc Besson . It stars Bruce Willis , Gary Oldman and Milla Jovovich . Primarily set in the 23rd century , the film 's central plot involves the survival of planet Earth , which becomes the responsibility of Korben Dallas -LRB- Willis -RRB- , a taxicab driver and former special forces major , after a young woman -LRB- Jovovich -RRB- falls into his cab . Dallas joins forces with her to recover four mystical stones essential for the defence of Earth against an impending attack . Besson started writing the story that became The Fifth Element when he was 16 years old ; he was 38 when the film opened in cinemas . Besson wanted to shoot the film in France , but suitable locations could not be found ; filming took place instead in London and Mauritania . Comics writers Jean `` Moebius '' Giraud and Jean-Claude Mézières , whose comics provided inspiration for parts of the film , were hired for production design . Costume design was by Jean Paul Gaultier . The Fifth Element received mainly positive reviews , although it tended to polarize critics . It has been called both the best and worst summer blockbuster of all time . The film was a financial success , earning more than $ 263 million at the box office on a $ 90 million budget . At the time of its release it was the most expensive European film ever made , and it remained the highest-grossing French film at the international box office until the release of The Intouchables in 2011 . | A superhero film , superhero movie or superhero motion picture is a film that is focused on the actions of one or more superheroes : individuals who usually possess superhuman abilities relative to a normal person and are dedicated to protecting the public . These films typically feature action , adventure , fantasy and/or science fiction elements , with the first film of a particular character often including a focus on the origin of his or her special powers and his or her first confrontation with his or her most famous supervillain or archenemy . Most superhero movies are based on superhero comics . By contrast , several films such as the RoboCop series , The Meteor Man , Unbreakable , The Incredibles , Hancock and They Call Me Jeeg are original for the screen , while The Green Hornet is based primarily on the original radio series and its 1960s television adaptation , and both Underdog and The Powerpuff Girls are based on animated television series . The most notable and successful superhero films of the present day are films set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe starting with Iron Man -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and Christopher Nolan 's Dark Knight Trilogy . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Courteney Cox played a character. | Courteney Bass Cox -LRB- born June 15 , 1964 -RRB- is an American actress , producer , and director . She is best known for her roles as Monica Geller on the NBC sitcom Friends , Gale Weathers in the horror series Scream , and Jules Cobb in the ABC/TBS sitcom Cougar Town , for which she earned her first Golden Globe nomination . Cox also starred in the FX series Dirt . She owns a production company , called Coquette Productions , which was created by Cox and her then-husband David Arquette . Cox also worked as a director on her sitcom Cougar Town and the television film Talhotblond . | Keeley Clare Julia Hawes -LRB- born 10 February 1976 -RRB- is an English actress . She starred in the film version of The Last September -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and has voiced roles in video games , such as Lara Croft in several of the Tomb Raider games . She is also known for her roles as Kitty Butler in Tipping the Velvet , Zoe Reynolds in Spooks -LRB- 2002 -- 2004 -RRB- , Alex Drake in Ashes to Ashes -LRB- 2008 -- 2010 -RRB- , Lady Agnes in the 2010 reboot of Upstairs , Downstairs , Detective Inspector Lindsay Denton in the second and third series of Line of Duty -LRB- 2014 -- 2016 -RRB- , as a mother in search of her abducted child in the BBC series The Missing , and as Louisa Durrell in the ITV series The Durrells . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The internet originated in research commissioned by the U.S. federal government in the 1960s. | The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite -LRB- TCP/IP -RRB- to link devices worldwide . It is a network of networks that consists of private , public , academic , business , and government networks of local to global scope , linked by a broad array of electronic , wireless , and optical networking technologies . The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services , such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web -LRB- WWW -RRB- , electronic mail , telephony , and file sharing . The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the United States federal government in the 1960s to build robust , fault-tolerant communication via computer networks . The primary precursor network , the ARPANET , initially served as a backbone for interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the 1980s . The funding of the National Science Foundation Network as a new backbone in the 1980s , as well as private funding for other commercial extensions , led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies , and the merger of many networks . The linking of commercial networks and enterprises by the early 1990s marks the beginning of the transition to the modern Internet , and generated a sustained exponential growth as generations of institutional , personal , and mobile computers were connected to the network . Although the Internet was widely used by academia since the 1980s , the commercialization incorporated its services and technologies into virtually every aspect of modern life . Internet use grew rapidly in the West from the mid-1990s and from the late 1990s in the developing world . In the two decades since then , Internet use has grown 100-times , measured for the period of one year , to over one third of the world population . Most traditional communications media , including telephony , radio , television , paper mail and newspapers are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet , giving birth to new services such as email , Internet telephony , Internet television , online music , digital newspapers , and video streaming websites . Newspaper , book , and other print publishing are adapting to website technology , or are reshaped into blogging , web feeds and online news aggregators . The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interactions through instant messaging , Internet forums , and social networking . Online shopping has grown exponentially both for major retailers and small businesses and entrepreneurs , as it enables firms to extend their `` brick and mortar '' presence to serve a larger market or even sell goods and services entirely online . Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries . The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage ; each constituent network sets its own policies . Only the overreaching definitions of the two principal name spaces in the Internet , the Internet Protocol address space and the Domain Name System -LRB- DNS -RRB- , are directed by a maintainer organization , the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers -LRB- ICANN -RRB- . The technical underpinning and standardization of the core protocols is an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force -LRB- IETF -RRB- , a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise . | The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development -LRB- NITRD -RRB- program consists of a group of U.S. federal agencies to research and develop information technology -LRB- IT -RRB- capabilities to empower Federal missions ; support U.S. science , engineering , and technology leadership ; and bolster U.S. economic competitiveness . The inter-agency program focuses on identifying research that will help the United States to `` out-innovate , out-educate , and out-build the rest of the world '' . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ethan Hawke has only starred in films that got negative critical reviews. | Ethan Green Hawke -LRB- born November 6 , 1970 -RRB- is an American actor , writer , and director . He has been nominated for four Academy Awards and a Tony Award . Hawke has directed two feature films , three Off-Broadway plays , and a documentary , and written the novels The Hottest State -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Ash Wednesday -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , and Rules for a Knight -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . He made his film debut in 1985 with the science fiction feature Explorers , before making a breakthrough appearance in the 1989 drama Dead Poets Society . He then appeared in numerous films before taking a role in the 1994 Generation X drama Reality Bites , for which he received critical praise . In 1995 , Hawke first appeared in Richard Linklater 's romance trilogy , co-starring opposite Julie Delpy in Before Sunrise , and later in its sequels Before Sunset -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and Before Midnight -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , all of which met with critical acclaim . Hawke has been twice nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor ; his writing contributions to Before Sunset and Before Midnight were recognized , as were his performances in Training Day -LRB- 2001 -RRB- and Boyhood -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Hawke was further honored with SAG Award nominations for both films , along with BAFTA Award and Golden Globe Award nominations for the latter . His other films include the science fiction drama Gattaca -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , the contemporary adaptation of Hamlet -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , the action thriller Assault on Precinct 13 -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , the crime drama Before the Devil Knows You 're Dead -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and the horror film Sinister -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . | He Never Died is a 2015 Canadian/American comedic horror film that was written and directed by Jason Krawczyk . It had its world premiere on 17 March 2015 at South by Southwest and stars Henry Rollins as an immortal , cannibalistic loner who has withdrawn from society to protect both himself and others . A miniseries continuation of the film is currently in development . Filming for He Never Died began in November 2013 in Toronto and concluded in December of the same year . The film was released on various video on demand platforms as well as on DVD and became available worldwide on Netflix on March 18th , 2016 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Peter Davison was an actor. | Peter Davison -LRB- born Peter Malcolm Gordon Moffett on 13 April 1951 -RRB- is an English actor with many credits in television dramas and sitcoms . He became famous as Tristan Farnon in the BBC 's television adaptation of James Herriot 's All Creatures Great and Small stories . His subsequent starring roles included the sitcoms Holding the Fort and Sink or Swim , the fifth incarnation of the Doctor in Doctor Who , Dr. Stephen Daker in A Very Peculiar Practice and Albert Campion in Campion . He later played David Braithwaite in At Home with the Braithwaites , `` Dangerous '' Davies in The Last Detective and Henry Sharpe in Law & Order : UK . | Peter Houseman -LRB- 24 December 1945 -- 20 March 1977 -RRB- was an English footballer who played as a winger . He was best known for his part in Chelsea 's F.A. Cup-winning side of 1970 . He later signed for Oxford United . He was killed along with his wife and two friends in a car crash in 1977 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Mary-Louise Parker did not appear in Boys on the Side. | Mary-Louise Parker -LRB- born August 2 , 1964 -RRB- is an American actress and author . In addition to her many films , Parker enjoyed great popularity for her lead role on Showtime 's television series Weeds portraying Nancy Botwin , for which she received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in 2006 . Parker has appeared in films and series including RED , RED 2 , Fried Green Tomatoes , Boys on the Side , The West Wing , and Angels in America , for which she received a Golden Globe and an Emmy Award for Best Supporting Actress . Parker is also the recipient of the 2001 Tony Award for Best Actress for her performance in the Broadway play Proof . She also starred in When We Rise . | Unaccompanied Minors -LRB- also known as Grounded in the United Kingdom and Ireland -RRB- is a 2006 Christmas comedy film directed by Paul Feig and starring Lewis Black , Wilmer Valderrama , Tyler James Williams , Dyllan Christopher , Brett Kelly , Gia Mantegna , and Quinn Shephard . It is based on a true story by Susan Burton first told on the public radio show This American Life , under the title `` In the Event of an Emergency , Put Your Sister in an Upright Position '' . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Reg Watson has created soap operas. | Reginald James `` Reg '' Watson AM -LRB- born 1926 -RRB- , is an Australian retired television producer , best known for creating soap operas like Prisoner and Neighbours . | E Street is an Australian television soap opera created by Forrest Redlich and produced by Network Ten from 24 January 1989 to 13 May 1993 . Whereas Neighbours is set in a middle-class suburb , Home and Away in a seaside town , and Richmond Hill a semi-rural ordinary community , E Street was set in a tough fictional inner-city district called Westside and stories revolved around the local community there . The moderately successful and sedately-paced Grundy serial Richmond Hill was cancelled by Ten to make way for E Street . Richmond Hill had also been successfully sold to ITV in the UK , and was rating in the high-teens in Australia , so it was a huge gamble by Ten to axe it and replace it with the untried E Street . Indeed , it would take 3 years for a UK broadcaster to pick up the soap and E Street initially rated somewhat lower than Richmond Hill in Australia , but audience research indicated that it attracted a significant proportion of the 14 -- 35 audience and a large male viewership - a demographic highly prized by advertisers . Later , with racier storylines , the ratings climbed , eventually eclipsing the figures that Richmond Hill had attracted . E Street ran for 404 one-hour episodes . Like many Australian soap operas before it , E Street was broadcast as two one-hour episodes each week and until the premiere of -LRB- unsuccessful -RRB- HeadLand in November 2005 , it had been the last Australian soap opera to screen its episodes in this format . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Papua New Guinea is a country. | Papua New Guinea -LRB- PNG ; -LSB- ˈpæpuə_njuː_ˈgɪniː , _ ˈpɑː - , _ - pju - -RSB- , -LSB- ˈpæpjuə , _ pɑːˈpuːə -RSB- Papua Niugini Hiri Motu : Papua Niu Gini -RRB- , officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea , is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia , a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia . Its capital , located along its southeastern coast , is Port Moresby . The western half of New Guinea forms the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua . At the national level , after being ruled by three external powers since 1884 , Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975 . This followed nearly 60 years of Australian administration , which started during World War I . It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right . Papua New Guinea is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world . There are 852 known languages in the country , of which 12 now have no known living speakers . Most of the population of more than 7 million people live in customary communities , which are as diverse as the languages . It is also one of the most rural , as only 18 percent of its people live in urban centres . The country is one of the world 's least explored , culturally and geographically . It is known to have numerous groups of uncontacted peoples , and researchers believe there are many undiscovered species of plants and animals in the interior . Papua New Guinea is classified as a developing economy by the International Monetary Fund . Strong growth in Papua New Guinea 's mining and resource sector led to the country becoming the sixth fastest-growing economy in the world in 2011 . Growth was expected to slow once major resource projects came on line in 2015 . Mining remains a major economic factor , however . Local and national governments are discussing the potential of resuming mining operations in Panguna mine in Bougainville Province , which has been closed since the civil war in the 1980s -- 1990s . Nearly 40 percent of the population lives a self-sustainable natural lifestyle with no access to global capital . Most of the people still live in strong traditional social groups based on farming . Their social lives combine traditional religion with modern practices , including primary education . These societies and clans are explicitly acknowledged by the Papua New Guinea Constitution , which expresses the wish for `` traditional villages and communities to remain as viable units of Papua New Guinean society '' and protects their continuing importance to local and national community life . | The Papua New Guinea National Party is a political party in Papua New Guinea . It was formed on 14 November 1969 by Thomas Kavali . Paul Pora and later Iambakey Okuk were also prominent members . At the 2002 election , the party is said to have won 3 of 109 seats . The party won 1 out of 109 seats in the 2007 General Elections It was led into the 2012 election by Simon Sanangke from outside parliament ; however , the party won no seats . It is currently led by MP Kerenga Kua , who assumed the leadership in 2016 after his resignation from the National Alliance Party . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Around a quarter of Norway's gross domestic product is petroleum. | Norway -LRB- -LSB- Norgehelp = no -RSB- -LRB- Bokmål -RRB- or -LRB- Nynorsk -RRB- -RRB- , officially the Kingdom of Norway , is a sovereign state and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard . The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom . Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land . Until 1814 , the kingdom included the Faroe Islands , Greenland and Iceland . It also included Bohuslän until 1658 , Jämtland and Härjedalen until 1645 , Shetland and Orkney until 1468 , and the Hebrides and Isle of Man until 1266 . Norway has a total area of 385252 km2 and a population of 5,258,317 -LRB- as of January 2017 -RRB- . The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden -LRB- 1,619 km or 1,006 mi long -RRB- . Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east , and the Skagerrak Strait to the south , with Denmark on the other side . Norway has an extensive coastline , facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea . King Harald V of the Dano-German House of Glücksburg is the current King of Norway . Erna Solberg became Prime Minister in 2013 , replacing Jens Stoltenberg . A constitutional monarchy , Norway divides state power between the Parliament , the Cabinet and the Supreme Court , as determined by the 1814 Constitution . The kingdom is established as a merger of several petty kingdoms . By the traditional count from the year 872 , the kingdom has existed continuously for 1,144 years and the list of Norwegian monarchs includes over sixty kings and earls . Norway has both administrative and political subdivisions on two levels : counties and municipalities . The Sámi people have a certain amount of self-determination and influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament and the Finnmark Act . Norway maintains close ties with the European Union and the United States . Norway is a founding member of the United Nations , NATO , the Council of Europe , the Antarctic Treaty and the Nordic Council ; a member of the European Economic Area , the WTO and the OECD ; and is also a part of the Schengen Area . The country maintains a combination of market economy and a Nordic welfare model with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system . Norway has extensive reserves of petroleum , natural gas , minerals , lumber , seafood , fresh water and hydropower . The petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the country 's gross domestic product -LRB- GDP -RRB- . On a per-capita basis , Norway is the world 's largest producer of oil and natural gas outside the Middle East . The country has the fourth-highest per capita income in the world on the World Bank and IMF lists . On the CIA 's GDP -LRB- PPP -RRB- per capita list -LRB- 2015 estimate -RRB- which includes territories and some regions , Norway ranks as number eleven . From 2001 to 2006 , and then again from 2009 to 2017 , Norway had the highest Human Development Index ranking in the world . It also has the highest inequality-adjusted ranking . Norway ranks first on the World Happiness Report , the OECD Better Life Index , the Index of Public Integrity and the Democracy Index . | Oil Patch Hotline is a semi-monthly newsletter about the oil and gas production industry in North Dakota , Montana , and Wyoming . It is published in Williston , North Dakota . The parent company is based out of Plymouth , Florida . Publication began in 1978 as the domestic oil industry flourished with rising energy prices . The cycle of high crude oil prices ended in the early 1980s and with it much of the oil exploration activity in the United States . As a result , the newsletter suspended publication in 1986 . Publication of Oil Patch Hotline resumed in June 2006 as worldwide energy demand generated renewed interest in domestic oil production . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Elton John was honored for his contribution to The Walt Disney Company with a Disney Legends Award. | Sir Elton Hercules John , -LRB- born Reginald Kenneth Dwight ; 25 March 1947 -RRB- is an English singer , pianist , and composer . He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967 ; they have collaborated on more than 30 albums to date . In his five-decade career Elton John has sold more than 300million records , making him one of the best-selling music artists in the world . He has more than fifty Top 40 hits , including seven consecutive No. 1 US albums , 58 Billboard Top 40 singles , 27 Top 10 , four No. 2 and nine No. 1 . For 31 consecutive years -LRB- 1970 -- 2000 -RRB- he had at least one song in the Billboard Hot 100 . His tribute single , re-penned in dedication to the late Princess Diana , `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' sold over 33million copies worldwide and is the best-selling single in the history of the UK and US singles charts . He has also composed music , produced records , and has occasionally acted in films . John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987 , and 1997 to 2002 . He is an honorary Life President of the club , and in 2014 had a stand named after him at the club 's home stadium . Raised in the Pinner area of London , John learned to play piano at an early age , and by 1962 had formed Bluesology . John met his songwriting partner , Bernie Taupin , in 1967 , after they had both answered an advert for songwriters . For two years they wrote songs for other artists , including Lulu , and John also worked as a session musician for artists such as the Hollies and the Scaffold . In 1969 his debut album , Empty Sky , was released . In 1970 a single , `` Your Song '' , from his second album , Elton John , reached the top ten in the UK and the US , his first hit single . After decades of commercial chart success , John has also achieved success in musical theatre , both in the West End and on Broadway , composing the music for The Lion King -LRB- film and musical -RRB- , Aida and Billy Elliot the Musical . He has received five Grammy Awards , five Brit Awards -- winning two awards for Outstanding Contribution to Music and the first Brits Icon in 2013 for his `` lasting impact on British culture '' , an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , a Tony Award , a Disney Legends award , and the Kennedy Center Honors in 2004 . In 2004 , Rolling Stone ranked him Number 49 on its list of 100 influential musicians of the rock and roll era . In 2013 , Billboard ranked him the most successful male solo artist on the Billboard Hot 100 Top All-Time Artists -LRB- third overall behind the Beatles and Madonna -RRB- . He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 , is an inductee into the Songwriters Hall of Fame , and is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters , Composers and Authors . Having been named a Order of the British Empire in 1996 , John was made a Knight Bachelor by Elizabeth II for `` services to music and charitable services '' in 1998 . John has performed at a number of royal events , such as the funeral of Princess Diana at Westminster Abbey in 1997 , the Party at the Palace in 2002 and the Queen 's Diamond Jubilee Concert outside Buckingham Palace in 2012 . He has been heavily involved in the fight against AIDS since the late 1980s . In 1992 , he established the Elton John AIDS Foundation and a year later began hosting the annual Academy Award Party , which has since become one of the highest-profile Oscar parties in the Hollywood film industry . Since its inception , the foundation has raised over . John , who announced he was bisexual in 1976 and has been openly gay since 1988 , entered into a civil partnership with David Furnish on 21 December 2005 , and after same-sex marriage became legal in England and Wales in 2014 , wed Furnish on 21 December 2014 . He continues to be a champion for LGBT social movements worldwide . | John E. Pepper , Jr. -LRB- born 1938 -RRB- is an American businessman . He serves as Chief Executive Officer of the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center , and until 2012 served as the Chairman of the Board of The Walt Disney Company . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Mel Brooks is German. | Melvin Brooks -LRB- né Kaminsky , born June 28 , 1926 -RRB- is an American filmmaker , comedian , actor and composer . He is known as a creator of broad film farces and comic parodies . Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for the early TV variety show Your Show of Shows . He became well known as part of the comedy duo with Carl Reiner in the comedy skit The 2000 Year Old Man . He also created , with Buck Henry , the hit television comedy series Get Smart , which ran from 1965 to 1970 . In middle age , Brooks became one of the most successful film directors of the 1970s , with many of his films being among the top 10 moneymakers of the year they were released . His best-known films include The Producers , The Twelve Chairs , Blazing Saddles , Young Frankenstein , Silent Movie , High Anxiety , History of the World , Part I , Spaceballs and Robin Hood : Men in Tights . A musical adaptation of his first film , The Producers , ran on Broadway from 2001 to 2007 . In 2001 , having previously won an Emmy , a Grammy and an Oscar , he joined a small list of EGOT winners with his Tony award for The Producers . He received a Kennedy Center Honor in 2009 , the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2010 , the 41st AFI Life Achievement Award in June 2013 , a British Film Institute Fellowship in March 2015 , a National Medal of Arts in September 2016 , and a BAFTA Fellowship in February 2017 . Three of his films ranked in the American Film Institute 's list of the top 100 comedy films of the past 100 years -LRB- 1900 -- 2000 -RRB- , all of which ranked in the top 15 of the list : Blazing Saddles at number 6 , The Producers at number 11 , and Young Frankenstein at number 13 . Brooks was married to Oscar-winning actress Anne Bancroft from 1964 until her death in 2005 . | James Gardner Brooks , Jr. -LRB- August 12 , 1942 -- December 1 , 1999 -RRB- , known as Stephen Brooks , was an American film and television actor . Born in Columbus , Ohio , Brooks was best known as Special Agent Jim Rhodes in the television series The F.B.I. , and his guest appearance as Ensign Garrovick in the Star Trek episode `` Obsession '' -LRB- 1967 -RRB- . He died of a heart attack , aged 57 , in Seattle , Washington . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Nigeria is the least populous country in Africa. | The Federal Republic of Nigeria -LSB- naɪˈdʒɪəriə -RSB- , commonly referred to as Nigeria , is a federal republic in West Africa , bordering Benin in the west , Chad and Cameroon in the east , and Niger in the north . Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean . It comprises 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory , where the capital , Abuja is located . Nigeria is officially a democratic secular country . Modern-day Nigeria has been the site of numerous kingdoms and tribal states over the millennia . The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century , and the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914 . The British set up administrative and legal structures whilst practising indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms . Nigeria became a formally independent federation in 1960 , and plunged into a civil war from 1967 to 1970 . It has since alternated between democratically elected civilian governments and military dictatorships , until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999 , with the 2011 presidential elections considered the first to be reasonably free and fair . Nigeria is often referred to as the `` Giant of Africa '' , owing to its large population and economy . With approximately 184 million inhabitants , Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world . Nigeria has one of the largest populations of youth in the world . The country is viewed as a multinational state , as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groups , of which the three largest are the Hausa , Igbo and Yoruba ; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages , and are identified with wide variety of cultures . The official language is English . Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Christians , who live mostly in the southern part of the country , and Muslims in the northern part . A minority of the population practise religions indigenous to Nigeria , such as those native to the Igbo and Yoruba ethnicities . , Nigeria is the world 's 20th largest economy , worth more than $ 500 billion and $ 1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively . It overtook South Africa to become Africa 's largest economy in 2014 . The 2013 debt-to-GDP ratio was 11 percent . Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank ; it has been identified as a regional power on the African continent , a middle power in international affairs , and has also been identified as an emerging global power . Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries , which are widely seen as the globe 's next `` BRIC-like '' economies . It is also listed among the `` Next Eleven '' economies set to become among the biggest in the world . Nigeria is a founding member of the African Union and a member of many other international organizations , including the United Nations , the Commonwealth of Nations and OPEC . | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the continent Africa : Africa is the world 's second largest and second most populous continent , after Asia . It is famous for its savanna , its jungles , and the Sahara -LRB- desert -RRB- . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ted Kaczynski did not believe he was mentally ill. | Theodore John Kaczynski -LRB- -LSB- kəˈzɪnski -RSB- born May 22 , 1942 -RRB- , also known as the `` Unabomber '' , is an American serial killer , domestic terrorist , and self-professed anarchist . A mathematical prodigy , he abandoned a promising academic career in 1969 , then between 1978 and 1995 killed three people , and injured 23 others , in a nationwide bombing campaign targeting people involved with modern technology . In conjunction with this campaign he issued a wide-ranging social critique opposing industrialization and modern technology , and advancing a nature-centered form of anarchism . Kaczynski was born and raised in Evergreen Park , Illinois . While growing up in Evergreen Park he was a child prodigy , excelling academically from an early age . Kaczynski was accepted into Harvard University at the age of 16 , where he earned an undergraduate degree . He subsequently earned a PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan . He became an assistant professor at the University of California , Berkeley in 1967 at age 25 . He resigned two years later . As a Harvard undergraduate , Kaczynski was among twenty-two students who were research subjects in ethically questionable experiments conducted by psychology professor Henry Murray from late 1959 to early 1962 . In 1971 , he moved to a remote cabin without electricity or running water in Lincoln , Montana , where he lived as a recluse while learning survival skills in an attempt to become self-sufficient . Seventeen years after beginning his mail bomb campaign , Kaczynski sent a letter to The New York Times on April 24 , 1995 and promised `` to desist from terrorism '' if the Times or The Washington Post published his manifesto , Industrial Society and Its Future -LRB- the `` Unabomber Manifesto '' -RRB- , in which he argued that his bombings were extreme but necessary to attract attention to the erosion of human freedom necessitated by modern technologies requiring large-scale organization . The Unabomber was the target of one of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's costliest investigations . Before Kaczynski 's identity was known , the FBI used the title `` UNABOM '' -LRB- UNiversity & Airline BOMber -RRB- to refer to his case , which resulted in the media calling him the Unabomber . The FBI -LRB- as well as Attorney General Janet Reno -RRB- pushed for the publication of Kaczynski 's `` Manifesto '' , which led to his sister-in-law , and then his brother , recognizing Kaczynski 's style of writing and beliefs from the manifesto , and tipping off the FBI . Kaczynski tried unsuccessfully to dismiss his court-appointed lawyers because they wanted to plead insanity in order to avoid the death penalty , as Kaczynski did not believe he was insane . When it became clear that his pending trial would entail national television exposure for Kaczynski , the court entered a plea agreement , under which he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole . He has been designated a `` domestic terrorist '' by the FBI . Some anarcho-primitivist authors , such as John Zerzan and John Moore , have come to his defense , while also holding some reservations about his actions and ideas . | was a Japanese military physician . After graduating Tokyo Imperial University , he joined the Japanese Medical Corps He became Army Surgeon General of the Imperial Japanese Army in 1934 . He was the Minister of Health and Welfare from 1941 to 1944 under the Konoe and Tōjō cabinet . He worked positively to prevention of tuberculosis and advocated Universal health care . After the war , he came under suspicion of war crimes as a minister when the war broke . But Koizumi refused the investigation and committed suicide by seppuku . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.James Wilson is a character that appeared on a medical drama. | Dr. James Evan Wilson , M.D. , is a fictional character on the Fox medical drama House . He is played by Robert Sean Leonard . The character first appears in the show 's pilot episode when he introduces a medical case to Dr. Gregory House . Wilson is Dr. House 's only true friend , and frequently provides him with consultations and aid . Wilson is the head of the Department of Oncology at Princeton-Plainsboro Teaching Hospital . During the show 's run , the characters of House and Wilson have been compared to Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson . Wilson 's portrayer , Robert Sean Leonard , has stated that his character and Dr. House were originally supposed to play these roles ; but Dr. House 's diagnostic team has taken over Dr. Watson 's part . Leonard also read the script of the pilot episode of CBS ' Numb3rs and was planning to audition . He auditioned for House instead because he felt he would more enjoy playing the character that House went to for help and because he liked The Odd Couple dynamic of the relationship . The character was positively received . Alan Sepinwall of The Star-Ledger described Wilson as `` the only irreplaceable supporting character '' of the show , as well as Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune , who stated that Wilson can `` never , never , never , never '' leave the show . The character 's name is derived from two neighboring buildings -LRB- James Administration Building and Wilson Hall -RRB- at McGill University 's downtown campus , in Montreal , Quebec . | Jamie Jackson is an Australian actor who has appeared in film , stage and television . His television appearances include Water Rats , The Blacklist , and Flight of the Conchords . Jackson studied acting at the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney , and attended the NYU Tisch School of the Arts , where he studied musical theatre writing under the tutelage of Sarah Schlesinger . He also studied standup comedy at the American Comedy Institute with Stephen Rosenfield . In 2015 , he was part of the ensemble cast of the Broadway musical production of Doctor Zhivago . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Leonardo da Vinci studied engineering | Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci -LRB- -LSB- leoˈnardo di ˌsɛr ˈpjɛːro da -LRB- v -RRB- ˈvintʃi -RSB- ; 15 April 14522 May 1519 -RRB- , more commonly Leonardo da Vinci or simply Leonardo , was an Italian polymath whose areas of interest included invention , painting , sculpting , architecture , science , music , mathematics , engineering , literature , anatomy , geology , astronomy , botany , writing , history , and cartography . He has been variously called the father of palaeontology , ichnology , and architecture , and is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time . Sometimes credited with the inventions of the parachute , helicopter and tank , he epitomised the Renaissance humanist ideal . Many historians and scholars regard Leonardo as the prime exemplar of the `` Universal Genius '' or `` Renaissance Man '' , an individual of `` unquenchable curiosity '' and `` feverishly inventive imagination '' . According to art historian Helen Gardner , the scope and depth of his interests were without precedent in recorded history , and `` his mind and personality seem to us superhuman , while the man himself mysterious and remote '' . Marco Rosci notes that while there is much speculation regarding his life and personality , his view of the world was logical rather than mysterious , and that the empirical methods he employed were unorthodox for his time . Born out of wedlock to a notary , Piero da Vinci , and a peasant woman , Caterina , in Vinci in the region of Florence , Leonardo was educated in the studio of the renowned Florentine painter Andrea del Verrocchio . Much of his earlier working life was spent in the service of Ludovico il Moro in Milan . He later worked in Rome , Bologna and Venice , and he spent his last years in France at the home awarded to him by Francis I of France . Leonardo was , and is , renowned primarily as a painter . Among his works , the Mona Lisa is the most famous and most parodied portrait and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time . Leonardo 's drawing of the Vitruvian Man is also regarded as a cultural icon , being reproduced on items as varied as the euro coin , textbooks , and T-shirts . Perhaps fifteen of his paintings have survived.There are 15 significant artworks which are ascribed , either in whole or in large part , to Leonardo by most art historians . This number is made up principally of paintings on panel but includes a mural , a large drawing on paper and two works which are in the early stages of preparation . There are a number of other works that have also been variously attributed to Leonardo . Nevertheless , these few works , together with his notebooks , which contain drawings , scientific diagrams , and his thoughts on the nature of painting , compose a contribution to later generations of artists rivalled only by that of his contemporary , Michelangelo . Leonardo is revered for his technological ingenuity . He conceptualised flying machines , a type of armoured fighting vehicle , concentrated solar power , an adding machine , and the double hull . Relatively few of his designs were constructed or even feasible during his lifetime , as the modern scientific approaches to metallurgy and engineering were only in their infancy during the Renaissance . Some of his smaller inventions , however , such as an automated bobbin winder and a machine for testing the tensile strength of wire , entered the world of manufacturing unheralded . A number of Leonardo 's most practical inventions are nowadays displayed as working models at the Museum of Vinci . He made substantial discoveries in anatomy , civil engineering , geology , optics , and hydrodynamics , but he did not publish his findings and they had no direct influence on later science . Today , Leonardo is widely considered one of the most diversely talented individuals ever to have lived . | David E. Nye is Professor of American History at the University of Southern Denmark . He is the winner of the 2005 Leonardo da Vinci Medal of the Society for the History of Technology . Nye is the author of The invented Self : An Anti-biography , from Documents of Thomas A. Edison -LRB- 1983 -RRB- † Image Worlds : Corporate Identities at General Electric , 1890-1930 -LRB- 1985 -RRB- Electrifying America : Social Meanings of a New Technology , 1880-1940 -LRB- 1990 -RRB- American Technological Sublime -LRB- 1994 -RRB- Consuming Power : A Social History of American Energies -LRB- 1997 -RRB- Narratives and Spaces : Technology and the Construction of American Culture -LRB- 1997 -RRB- ** Technologies of Landscape : From Reaping to Recycling -LRB- 1999 -RRB- * America as Second Creation : Technology and Narratives of New Beginnings -LRB- 2003 -RRB- Technology Matters : Questions to Live With -LRB- 2006 -RRB- -LRB- for which he received the 2009 Sally Hacker Prize from the Society for the History of Technology -RRB- When the Lights Went Out : A History of Blackouts in America -LRB- 2010 -RRB- America 's Assembly Line -LRB- 2013 -RRB- all published by the MIT Press , except * University of Massachusetts Press ; ** Columbia University Press ; and † Odense University Press . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Brentwood is a place. | Brentwood is an affluent neighborhood in the Westside of Los Angeles , California . It is the home of seven private and two public schools . Originally part of a Mexican land grant , the neighborhood began its modern development in the 1880s and hosted part of the pentathlon in the 1932 Summer Olympics . It was the site of the 1994 O.J. Simpson murder case and of a disastrous fire in 1961 . Brentwood is also home to many celebrities such as actors and actresses . | The Battle of Brentwood was a battle of the American Civil War , occurring on March 25 , 1863 , in Williamson County , Tennessee . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Arya Stark has a half-brother name Jon Snow. | Arya Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . She is a prominent point of view character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series , and also a main character in HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Arya is the younger daughter of Lord Eddard Stark and his wife Lady Catelyn Stark . She is headstrong , independent , disdains traditional female pursuits , and is often mistaken for a boy . She wields a sword named Needle , a gift from her half-brother , Jon Snow , and is trained in the Braavosi style of sword fighting . Arya is portrayed by Maisie Williams on the HBO series Game of Thrones . Her performance has garnered critical acclaim , particularly in the second season for her work opposite veteran actor Charles Dance -LRB- Tywin Lannister -RRB- when she served as his cupbearer . She is among the most popular characters in either version of the story . Williams was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for the role in 2016 . She and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 . | Samwell Tarly , called Sam , is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Sam is the eldest son of Randyll Tarly , from the fictional kingdom of Westeros . He subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings before being a POV character in the later novels . Sam is portrayed by John Bradley-West in the HBO television adaptation . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Marcus Rashford plays for Premier League club Manchester United as a forward. | Marcus Rashford -LRB- born 31 October 1997 -RRB- is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for Premier League club Manchester United and the England national team . A Manchester United player from the age of seven , he scored twice in both his first-team debut -LRB- Europa League -RRB- after the warm-up injury of striker Anthony Martial and in his first Premier League game in February 2016 -LRB- against Arsenal -RRB- . He also scored in his first Manchester derby game , and his first League Cup game . Rashford scored on his England debut in May 2016 , becoming the youngest English player to score in his first senior international game . He was chosen for UEFA Euro 2016 . | Ole Gunnar Solskjær -LRB- -LSB- ˈuːlə ˈɡʉnɑr ˈsuːlˈʂær -RSB- ; born 26 February 1973 -RRB- is a Norwegian football manager and former player . As a player , he spent most of his career playing as a forward for Manchester United . He is currently the manager of Molde FK and coach at Clausenengen U19 . Before his arrival in England , Solskjær played for Norwegian clubs Clausenengen and Molde . He joined Manchester United in 1996 for a transfer fee of # 1.5 million . Nicknamed `` The Baby-faced Assassin '' , he played 366 times for United , and scored 126 goals during a successful period for the club . He was regarded as a `` super sub '' for his trait of coming off the substitute bench to score late goals . Solskjær 's defining moment in football came in injury time of the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final , where he scored the winning last-minute goal against Bayern Munich , completing a remarkable comeback and winning The Treble for United . Before the century was up , a biography was written on him . In 2007 , Solskjær announced his retirement from football after failing to recover from a serious knee injury . However , he remained at Manchester United in a coaching role as well as in an ambassadorial capacity . In 2008 , Solskjær became the club 's reserve team manager . He returned to his native country in 2011 to manage his former club , Molde , whom he led to their two first ever Norwegian league titles in his first two seasons with the club . He secured a third title in as many seasons , when his team won the 2013 Norwegian Football Cup Final . In 2014 , he served as manager of Cardiff City , during which the club were relegated from the Premier League . He also supervises a training academy for young footballers in his home town of Kristiansund , and is a patron of the Manchester United Supporters ' Trust . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The human condition is taught in anthropology. | The human condition is `` the characteristics , key events , and situations which compose the essentials of human existence , such as birth , growth , emotionality , aspiration , conflict , and mortality . '' This is a very broad topic which has been and continues to be pondered and analyzed from many perspectives , including those of religion , philosophy , history , art , literature , anthropology , psychology , and biology . As a literary term , `` the human condition '' is typically used in the context of ambiguous subjects such as the meaning of life or moral concerns . | Anthropology Today is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Royal Anthropological Institute . The journal was established in 1985 and publishes papers that apply anthropological analyses to areas such as education , medicine , and development and link anthropology to other academic disciplines . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ann Romney married Mitt Romney. | Ann Lois Romney -LRB- née Davies ; born April 16 , 1949 -RRB- is the wife of American businessman and politician , Mitt Romney . From 2003 to 2007 , Romney was First Lady of Massachusetts , while her husband served as Governor . She was raised in Bloomfield Hills , Michigan , and attended the private Kingswood School there , where she dated Mitt Romney . She converted to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- LDS Church -RRB- in 1966 . She attended Brigham Young University -LRB- BYU -RRB- , married Mitt Romney in 1969 , and in 1975 received a Bachelor of Arts degree in French . As First Lady of Massachusetts , Romney served as the governor 's liaison for federal faith-based initiatives . She was involved in a number of children 's charities , including Operation Kids . She was an active participant in her husband 's U.S. presidential campaigns in 2008 and again in 2012 , when he was the Republican Party nominee . Romney was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in 1998 and has credited a mixture of mainstream and alternative treatments with giving her a lifestyle mostly without limitations . In one activity , equestrianism , she has consequently received recognition in dressage as an adult amateur at the national level and competed professionally in Grand Prix as well . In 2008 , she was also diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ , a non-invasive type of breast cancer . She underwent a lumpectomy in December of the same year and has since been cancer-free . Ann and Mitt Romney have five sons , born between 1970 and 1981 , and twenty-three grandchildren . | Mary Joe Matalin -LRB- born August 19 , 1953 -RRB- is an American political consultant well known for her work with the Republican Party . She has served under President Ronald Reagan , was campaign director for George H. W. Bush , was an assistant to President George W. Bush , and counselor to Vice President Dick Cheney until 2003 . Matalin has been chief editor of Threshold Editions , a conservative publishing imprint at Simon & Schuster , since March 2005 . She is married to Democratic political consultant James Carville . She appears in the award-winning documentary film Boogie Man : The Lee Atwater Story and also played herself , opposite her husband , James Carville , John Slattery , and Mary McCormack in the short lived HBO series K Street . On May 5 , 2016 , Matalin announced she has changed her party registration to Libertarian . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Saskatchewan is bordered on the west by a province at the longitudinal centre of Canada. | Saskatchewan -LRB- -LSB- səˈskætʃəwᵻn -RSB- or -LSB- - ˌwɑːn -RSB- -RRB- is a prairie and boreal province in western Canada , the only province without natural borders . It has an area of 651900 km2 , nearly 10 percent of which -LRB- 59366 km2 -RRB- is fresh water , composed mostly of rivers , reservoirs , and the province 's 100,000 lakes . Saskatchewan is bordered on the west by Alberta , on the north by the Northwest Territories , on the east by Manitoba , to the northeast by Nunavut , and on the south by the U.S. states of Montana and North Dakota . As of December 2013 , Saskatchewan 's population was estimated at 1,114,170 . Residents primarily live in the southern prairie half of the province , while the northern boreal half is mostly forested and sparsely populated . Of the total population , roughly half live in the province 's largest city , Saskatoon , or the provincial capital , Regina . Other notable cities include Prince Albert , Moose Jaw , Yorkton , Swift Current , North Battleford , and the border city Lloydminster -LRB- partially within Alberta -RRB- . Saskatchewan is a landlocked province with large distances to moderating bodies of waters . As a result , its climate is extremely continental , rendering severe winters throughout the province . Southern areas have very warm or hot summers . Midale and Yellow Grass near the U.S. border are tied for the highest ever recorded temperatures in Canada with 45 C observed at both locations on July 5 , 1937 . In winter , temperatures below -45 C are possible even in the south during extreme cold snaps . Saskatchewan has been inhabited for thousands of years by various indigenous groups , and first explored by Europeans in 1690 and settled in 1774 . It became a province in 1905 , carved out from the vast North-West Territories , which had until then included most of the Canadian Prairies . In the early 20th century the province became known as a stronghold for Canadian social democracy ; North America 's first social-democratic government was elected in 1944 . The province 's economy is based on agriculture , mining , and energy . Saskatchewan 's current premier is Brad Wall and its lieutenant-governor is Vaughn Solomon Schofield . In 1992 , the federal and provincial governments signed a historic land claim agreement with First Nations in Saskatchewan . The First Nations received compensation and were permitted to buy land on the open market for the tribes ; they have acquired about 3079 km2 , now reserve lands . Some First Nations have used their settlement to invest in urban areas , including Saskatoon . | Moose Jaw -- Lake Centre was a federal electoral district in Saskatchewan , Canada , that was represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1953 to 1968 and from 1988 to 1997 . This riding was created in 1953 from parts of Lake Centre , Moose Jaw , Qu'Appelle , and Rosthern ridings It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Moose Jaw , Regina East and Regina -- Lake Centre ridings . It was re-created in 1987 from parts of Assiniboia , Humboldt -- Lake Centre and Moose Jaw ridings . The electoral district was abolished in 1996 when it was redistributed into Blackstrap , Cypress Hills -- Grasslands , Palliser and Regina -- Arm River ridings . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Red Velvet added a member. | Red Velvet -LRB- Hangul : 레드벨벳 -RRB- is a South Korean girl group formed by S.M. Entertainment . The group debuted on August 1 , 2014 , with their digital single `` Happiness '' and with four members : Irene , Seulgi , Wendy and Joy . In March 2015 , fifth member Yeri was added to the group . Since their debut , Red Velvet has experienced notable success and recognition . Their first EP , Ice Cream Cake which was released in March 2015 , topped the Gaon Album Chart on the 12th week of 2015 and in September 2015 , the group 's first full-length album , The Red , also topped the Gaon Album Chart and the Billboard World Albums Chart . Red Velvet has received several music awards , including two awards for choreography ; Best Dance -- Female and Best Dance Performance -- Female Group , as well as three new artist awards and multiple popularity awards . Red Velvet members have also made television appearances ; Irene as a host of Music Bank , Yeri as a host of Show ! Music Core , and Joy on the fourth season of variety show We Got Married . | is a Japanese pop girl group signed to the Avex Trax label since 2000 and Rhythm Zone since 2009 . The group was formed as a result of a 1999 talent contest called `` Avex Dream 2000 '' . Originally a three-piece group consisting of Mai Matsumuro , Kana Tachibana , and Yu Hasebe , the group has undergone many changes since its debut in 2000 on the Avex Trax label , and none of the original trio remain . The original trio sold over 950,700 records , and in total the group has sold over 1,100,000 records over the span of 10 years . On July 7 , 2002 , the main lyricist Mai Matsumuro left the group to pursue a solo career . After Matsumuro 's departure , Avex held another audition to replace Matsumuro . Instead of one , six new members won the audition , resulting in an eight-member -LRB- Dream -RRB- group with the debut single `` Music is My Thing '' . On March 2004 , Risa Ai left to pursue a solo career . They became a 7-member group as performed this way until 2007 . During this time , the band 's name changed from dream to DRM . In August 2008 , Yu Hasebe left the group to pursue a solo career , leaving Kana Tachibana behind as the only original member of dream . Afterward , DRM became Dream again . In August 2010 , Dream released their official major re-debut single , `` My Way : Ulala '' on the Rhythm Zone label . On November 24 , 2010 , Dream released their first album as a six-member group , titled Hands Up ! on the Rhythm Zone label . On November 23 , 2010 , Tachibana announced that she would leave the group . This marked the departure of the last member of the original three-member group . She officially left the group on February 20 , 2011 . On March 30 , 2012 , Sayaka Yamamoto departed to pursue a solo career . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ellen DeGeneres has played an openly lesbian character on TV. | Ellen Lee DeGeneres -LRB- -LSB- dᵻˈdʒɛnərᵻs -RSB- born January 26 , 1958 -RRB- is an American comedian , television host , actress , writer , and producer . DeGeneres starred in the popular sitcom Ellen from 1994 to 1998 and has hosted her syndicated TV talk show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , since 2003 . Her stand-up career started in the early 1980s , and included a 1986 appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . As a film actress , DeGeneres starred in Mr. Wrong -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , appeared in EDtv -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and The Love Letter -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and provided the voice of Dory in the Pixar animated films Finding Nemo -LRB- 2003 -RRB- and Finding Dory -LRB- 2016 -RRB- ; for Nemo , she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress , the first time an actress won a Saturn Award for a voice performance . In 2010 , she was a judge on American Idol for its ninth season . She starred in two television sitcoms , Ellen from 1994 to 1998 , and The Ellen Show from 2001 to 2002 . During the fourth season of Ellen in 1997 , she came out as a lesbian in an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show . Her character , Ellen Morgan , also came out to a therapist played by Winfrey , and the series went on to explore various LGBT issues , including the coming-out process . This made her the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television . In 2008 , she married her longtime girlfriend Portia de Rossi . DeGeneres has hosted the Academy Awards , Grammy Awards , and the Primetime Emmys . She has authored three books and started her own record company , Eleveneleven . She has won 29 Emmys , 20 People 's Choice Awards -LRB- more than any other person -RRB- , and numerous other awards for her work and charitable efforts . In 2016 , she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom . | Sasha Grey -LRB- born Marina Ann Hantzis ; March 14 , 1988 -RRB- is an American actress , model , author , musician , and former pornographic actress . She first made her name in mainstream media after appearing on several popular television programs and in pop culture magazines , examining her willingness to enter the world of hardcore porn at a young age . She has also been featured in movies , television shows , music videos and advertising campaigns . She won numerous awards for her work in pornography between 2007 and 2010 , including the Female Performer of the Year at the 2008 AVN Awards . After her feature film debut as the lead in the Academy Award-winning director Steven Soderbergh 's The Girlfriend Experience -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Grey shifted her focus to mainstream acting . She starred in the Canadian black comedy horror film Smash Cut -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and played a fictionalized version of herself in the seventh season of the HBO comedy-drama series Entourage . She has also appeared in independent films such as I Melt with You and Open Windows . She is a former member of aTelecine , an industrial music band . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Mike Tyson retired. | Michael Gerard Tyson -LRB- -LSB- ˈtaɪsən -RSB- born June 30 , 1966 -RRB- is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2005 . He reigned as the undisputed world heavyweight champion and holds the record as the youngest boxer to win a heavyweight title at 20 years , 4 months and 22 days old . Tyson won his first 19 professional fights by knockout , 12 of them in the first round . He won the WBC title in 1986 after stopping Trevor Berbick in two rounds , and added the WBA and IBF titles after defeating James Smith and Tony Tucker in 1987 . This made Tyson the first heavyweight boxer to simultaneously hold the WBA , WBC and IBF titles , and the only heavyweight to successively unify them . Tyson became the lineal champion in 1988 when he knocked out Michael Spinks in 91 seconds of the first round . He successfully defended his titles nine times , which included victories over Larry Holmes and Frank Bruno . In 1990 , Tyson lost the titles to underdog Buster Douglas , who knocked him out in the tenth round . Attempting to regain the titles , Tyson defeated Donovan Ruddock twice in 1991 , but pulled out of a fight with then-undisputed heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield -LRB- who had defeated Douglas later in 1990 -RRB- due to a rib injury . In 1992 , Tyson was convicted of rape and sentenced to six years in prison , but was released after serving three years . After his release in 1995 , he engaged in a series of comeback fights . He won the WBC and WBA titles in 1996 , after defeating Frank Bruno and Bruce Seldon by knockout . With his defeat of Bruno , Tyson joined Floyd Patterson , Muhammad Ali , Tim Witherspoon , Evander Holyfield , George Foreman as the only men in boxing history to have regained a heavyweight championship after having lost it . After being stripped of the WBC title in the same year , Tyson lost the WBA title to Evander Holyfield by an eleventh-round stoppage . Their infamous 1997 rematch ended when Tyson was disqualified for biting Holyfield 's ears . In 2002 , Tyson fought for the world heavyweight title again at the age of 35 , losing by knockout to Lennox Lewis . Tyson retired from professional boxing in 2006 , after being knocked out in consecutive matches against Danny Williams and Kevin McBride . Tyson declared bankruptcy in 2003 , despite having received over $ 30 million for several of his fights and $ 300 million during his career . At the time it was reported that he had approximately $ 23 million of debt . Tyson was well known for his ferocious and intimidating boxing style as well as his controversial behavior inside and outside the ring . Nicknamed `` Iron , '' and `` Kid Dynamite '' in his early career , and later known as `` The Baddest Man on the Planet , '' Tyson is considered one of the best heavyweights of all time . He was ranked No. 16 on The Rings list of 100 greatest punchers of all time , and No. 1 in the ESPN.com list of `` The Hardest Hitters in Heavyweight History . '' Sky Sports rated him as `` the scariest boxer ever , '' and described him as `` perhaps the most ferocious fighter to step into a professional ring . '' He has been inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame . | Mike Balson -LRB- born Bridport , Dorset -RRB- is an English retired professional association football defender who played professionally in England , South Africa and the United States . He currently lives in the United States where he has served several decades as a referee as well as a team and league executive . He is a member of both the National Intercollegiate Soccer Officials Association Hall of Fame and the United Soccer Leagues Hall of Fame . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.World War 1 took place from 1914-1918 | World War I -LRB- WWI or WW1 -RRB- , also known as the First World War , the Great War , or the War to End All Wars , was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918 . More than 70 million military personnel , including 60 million Europeans , were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history . Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war -LRB- including the victims of a number of genocides -RRB- , a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents ' technological and industrial sophistication , and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare . It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history , and paved the way for major political changes , including revolutions in many of the nations involved and to WWII twenty-one years later . The war drew in all the world 's economic great powers , assembled in two opposing alliances : the Allies -LRB- based on the Triple Entente of the Russian Empire , the French Third Republic , and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland -RRB- versus the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary . Although Italy was a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary , it did not join the Central Powers , as Austria-Hungary had taken the offensive against the terms of the alliance . These alliances were reorganised and expanded as more nations entered the war : Italy , Japan and the United States joined the Allies , while the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers . The trigger for the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria , heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary , by Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914 . This set off a diplomatic crisis when Austria-Hungary delivered an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia , and entangled international alliances formed over the previous decades were invoked . Within weeks , the major powers were at war and the conflict soon spread around the world . On 25 July Russia began mobilisation and on 28 July , the Austro-Hungarians declared war on Serbia . Germany presented an ultimatum to Russia to demobilise , and when this was refused , declared war on Russia on 1 August . Being outnumbered on the eastern front , Russia urged its Triple Entente ally France to open up a second front in the west . Back in 1870 , the Franco-Prussian war had ended the Second French Empire and ceded the provinces of Alsace-Lorraine to a unified Germany . Bitterness over their defeat and the determinance to retake Alsace-Lorraine made the acceptance of Russia 's plea for help an easy choice so France began full mobilisation on 1 August and on 3 August , Germany declared war on France . The border between France and Germany was heavily fortified on both sides so according to the Schlieffen Plan , Germany then invaded neutral Belgium and Luxembourg before moving towards France from the north , leading the United Kingdom to declare war on Germany on 4 August due to their violation of Belgian neutrality . After the German march on Paris was halted in the Battle of the Marne , what became known as the Western Front settled into a battle of attrition , with a trench line that changed little until 1917 . On the Eastern Front , the Russian army led a successful campaign against the Austro-Hungarians , but the Germans stopped its invasion of East Prussia in the battles of Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes . In November 1914 , the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers , opening fronts in the Caucasus , Mesopotamia and the Sinai . In 1915 , Italy joined the Allies and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers ; Romania joined the Allies in 1916 , as did the United States in 1917 . The Russian government collapsed in March 1917 , and a revolution in November followed by a further military defeat brought the Russians to terms with the Central Powers via the Treaty of Brest Litovsk , which granted the Germans a significant victory . After a stunning German offensive along the Western Front in the spring of 1918 , the Allies rallied and drove back the Germans in a series of successful offensives . On 4 November 1918 , the Austro-Hungarian empire agreed to an armistice , and Germany , which had its own trouble with revolutionaries , agreed to an armistice on 11 November 1918 , ending the war in victory for the Allies . By the end of the war or soon after , the German Empire , Russian Empire , Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire ceased to exist . National borders were redrawn , with several independent nations restored or created , and Germany 's colonies were parceled out among the victors . During the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 , the Big Four -LRB- Britain , France , the United States and Italy -RRB- imposed their terms in a series of treaties . The League of Nations was formed with the aim of preventing any repetition of such a conflict . This effort failed , and economic depression , renewed nationalism , weakened successor states , and feelings of humiliation -LRB- particularly in Germany -RRB- eventually contributed to the start of World War II . | The Action of 4 April 1918 was a naval action fought somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean during World War I . An unidentified Kaiserliche Marine U-boat attacked three armed transports of the United States Army and Navy , but failed to damage the American ships before she was sunk . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lisa Bonet was born on the 16th. | Lisa Michelle Bonet -LRB- born November 16 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress . She is best known for her role as Denise Huxtable -- Kendall on the NBC sitcom , The Cosby Show -LRB- 1984 -- 92 -RRB- and originally starring in its spinoff comedy , A Different World for its first season -LRB- 1987 -- 88 -RRB- . | is a Japanese voice actress associated with Mausu Promotion -LRB- formerly Ezaki Productions -RRB- . Her most-known voice role is Motoko Kusanagi in the Ghost in the Shell film and franchise . She also voices Caster in the Fate/stay night , Lisa Lisa in JoJo 's Bizarre Adventure , Claudette in Queen 's Blade , Francis Midford in Black Butler , and Karura in Utawarerumono . In video games , she voices title characters Lara Croft in the Japanese dub of the Tomb Raider games , and Bayonetta in the Bayonetta : Bloody Fate film adaptation and Bayonetta 2 . She studied with the Tokyo Announcement Academy in voice training in 1991 . In 2012 , a Biglobe poll named her the voice actress with the sexiest voice . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Alphabet is rivals with GV, Verily, and X. | Alphabet Inc. is an American multinational conglomerate created in a corporate restructuring on October 2 , 2015 . It is the parent company of Google and several former Google subsidiaries . The two founders of Google assumed executive roles in the new company , with Larry Page serving as CEO and Sergey Brin as President . The company is based in Mountain View , California . Alphabet 's portfolio encompasses several industries , including technology , life sciences , investment capital , and research . Some of its subsidiaries include Google , Calico , GV , CapitalG , Verily , Waymo , X , and Google Fiber . Some of the subsidiaries of Alphabet have altered their names since leaving Google -- Google Ventures becoming GV , Google Life Sciences becoming Verily and Google X becoming just X. Following the restructuring Page became CEO of Alphabet while Sundar Pichai took his position as CEO of Google . Shares of Google 's stock have been converted into Alphabet stock , which trade under Google 's former ticker symbols of `` GOOG '' and `` GOOGL '' . The establishment of Alphabet was prompted by a desire to make the core Google Internet services business `` cleaner and more accountable '' while allowing greater autonomy to group companies that operate in businesses other than Internet services . | `` C '' Is for Corpse is the third novel in Sue Grafton 's `` Alphabet '' series of mystery novels and features Kinsey Millhone , a private eye based in Santa Teresa , California . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.King Kong was not co-written by Peter Jackson. | King Kong is a 2005 epic monster adventure film co-written , produced , and directed by Peter Jackson . A remake of the 1933 film of the same name , the film stars Naomi Watts , Jack Black , Adrien Brody , and , through motion capture , Andy Serkis as the title character . Set in 1933 , King Kong tells the story of an ambitious filmmaker who coerces his cast and hired ship crew to travel to the mysterious Skull Island . There they encounter Kong , a legendary giant gorilla , whom they capture and take to New York City . Filming for King Kong took place in New Zealand from September 2004 to March 2005 . The project 's budget climbed from an initial $ 150 million to a then-record-breaking $ 207 million . It was released on December 14 , 2005 in Germany and on December 16 in the United States , and made an opening of $ 50.1 million . While it performed lower than expected , King Kong made domestic and worldwide grosses that eventually added up to $ 550 million , becoming the fourth-highest-grossing film in Universal Pictures history . It also generated $ 100 million in DVD sales upon its home video release . The film garnered positive reviews from critics and appeared on several top ten lists for 2005 . It was praised for its special effects , performances , sense of spectacle and comparison to the 1933 original . It won three Academy Awards for Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing and Best Visual Effects . | King Cat is a 1967 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Hsu Tseng Hung and produced by Shaw Brothers Studio . The story is loosely based on the 19th-century Chinese novel The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants . The title refers to a nickname of the protagonist Zhan Zhao -LRB- the nickname can also be translated as `` Imperial Cat '' -RRB- . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Silence of the Lambs is about apprehending someone. | The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 American horror-thriller film directed by Jonathan Demme and starring Jodie Foster , Anthony Hopkins , and Scott Glenn . Adapted by Ted Tally from the 1988 novel of the same name by Thomas Harris , his second to feature the character of Dr. Hannibal Lecter ; a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer , the film was the second adaptation of a Harris novel featuring Lecter , preceded by the Michael Mann-directed Manhunter in 1986 . In the film , Clarice Starling , a young U.S. FBI trainee , seeks the advice of the imprisoned Dr. Lecter to apprehend another serial killer , known only as `` Buffalo Bill '' . The Silence of the Lambs was released on February 14 , 1991 , and grossed $ 272.7 million worldwide against its $ 19 million budget . It was only the third film , the other two being It Happened One Night and One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest , to win Academy Awards in all the top five categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director , and Adapted Screenplay . It is also the first -LRB- and so far only -RRB- Best Picture winner widely considered to be a horror film , and only the third such film to be nominated in the category , after The Exorcist in 1973 and Jaws in 1975 . The film is considered `` culturally , historically or aesthetically '' significant by the U.S. Library of Congress and was selected to be preserved in the National Film Registry in 2011 . A sequel titled Hannibal was released in 2001 with Hopkins reprising his role , followed by two prequels : Red Dragon -LRB- 2002 -RRB- and Hannibal Rising -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . | 12th BSFC Awards December 26 , 1991 Best Film : The Silence of the Lambs The 12th Boston Society of Film Critics Awards honored the best filmmaking of 1991 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Brazil is the largest country in a group of countries. | Brazil -LRB- listen -RRB- , is the largest country in both South America and Latin America . As the world 's fifth-largest country by both area and population , it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas . Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east , Brazil has a coastline of 7491 km It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47.3 % of the continent 's land area . Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest , home to diverse wildlife , a variety of ecological systems , and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats . This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries , and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection . Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing in 1500 of explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral , who claimed the area for the Portuguese Empire . Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808 , when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro . In 1815 , the colony was elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil and the Algarves . Independence was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the Empire of Brazil , a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system . The ratification of the first constitution in 1824 led to the formation of a bicameral legislature , now called the National Congress . The country became a presidential republic in 1889 following a military coup d'état . An authoritarian military junta came to power in 1964 and ruled until 1985 , after which civilian governance resumed . Brazil 's current constitution , formulated in 1988 , defines it as a democratic federal republic . The federation is composed of the union of the Federal District , the 26 states , and the 5,570 municipalities . Brazil 's economy is the world 's both eighth-largest by nominal GDP and eighth-largest by GDP -LRB- PPP -RRB- . A member of the BRICS group , Brazil until 2010 had one of the world 's fastest growing major economies , with its economic reforms giving the country new international recognition and influence . Brazil 's national development bank plays an important role for the country 's economic growth . Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations , the G20 , BRICS , Unasul , Mercosul , Organization of American States , Organization of Ibero-American States , and the CPLP . Brazil is a regional power in Latin America and a middle power in international affairs , with some analysts identifying it as an emerging global power . One of the world 's major breadbaskets , Brazil has been the largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years . | The Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil -LRB- in English National Library of Brazil -RRB- is the depository of the bibliographic and documentary heritage of Brazil . It is located in Rio de Janeiro , at Cinelândia square . The largest library in Latin America and the 7th largest in the world , its collections include about 9 million items . It organized the first library science courses in Latin America and its staff has led the modernization of library services , including the development of online databases . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Bobb'e J. Thompson stars in Role Models. | Role Models is a 2008 American comedy film directed by David Wain and written by David Wain , Timothy Dowling , Paul Rudd and Ken Marino . It is about two energy drink salesmen who are ordered to perform 150 hours of community service as punishment for various offenses . For their service , the two men work at a program designed to pair kids with adult role models . The film stars Seann William Scott , Paul Rudd , Christopher Mintz-Plasse , Bobb ' e J. Thompson , Jane Lynch and Elizabeth Banks . | Trops -LRB- lit : Troupes -RRB- is a 2016 Philippine television drama romance-comedy series broadcast by GMA Network starring That 's My Bae '' 's Kenneth Medrano , Miggy Tolentino , Joel Palencia , Jon Timmons , Tommy Peñaflor and Kim Michael Last . It premiered on October 24 , 2016 on the network 's late morning/early noontime block , replacing Calle Siete '' , and also aired worldwide via GMA Pinoy TV . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ozzy Osbourne has a Brummie accent. | John Michael `` Ozzy '' Osbourne -LRB- born 3 December 1948 -RRB- is an English singer , songwriter , and actor . He rose to prominence in the early 1970s as the lead vocalist of the heavy metal band Black Sabbath . He was fired from Black Sabbath in 1979 and went on to have a successful solo career , releasing 11 studio albums , the first seven of which were all awarded multi-platinum certifications in the US . Osbourne has since reunited with Black Sabbath on several occasions , recording the album 13 in 2013 . His longevity and success have earned him the informal title of `` Godfather of Heavy Metal '' . Osbourne 's total album sales from his years in Black Sabbath , combined with his solo work , is over 100 million . As a member of Black Sabbath , he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame , and he was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame as a solo artist and as a member of the band . Possessing a distinctive singing voice and as a native of Birmingham , Osbourne is known for his strong Brummie accent -- he has a star on the Birmingham Walk of Stars in his hometown as well as the Hollywood Walk of Fame . At the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards , he received the Global Icon Award . In the early 2000s , Osbourne became a reality television star , appearing as himself in the MTV reality show The Osbournes , alongside wife and manager Sharon and two of their three children , Kelly and Jack . Osbourne appeared with son Jack in the 2016 worldwide travelogue docuseries Ozzy & Jack 's World Detour . | Black Tambourine was an American twee pop band and one of the earliest Slumberland groups of the early 1990s . Formed in Silver Spring , Maryland , the band comprised vocalist Pam Berry and instrumentalists Archie Moore , Brian Nelson and Mike Schulman . Along with Tiger Trap , Lois , Honeybunch , Tullycraft , and Beat Happening , they are considered to be one of the most influential bands of the American twee pop movement . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ajay Devgn is a director. | Ajay Devgan -LRB- born Vishal Veeru Devgan on 2 April 1969 -RRB- , also credited as Ajay Devgn , is an Indian film actor , director and producer . He is widely considered as one of the most popular actors of Hindi cinema , who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films . Devgan has won numerous accolades , including two National Film Awards and four Filmfare Awards . In 2016 , he was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian honour of the country . Devgan began his professional career with Phool Aur Kaante in 1991 and received a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut for his performance . He then starred in successful films such as Jigar -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Dilwale -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Suhaag -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Naajayaz -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , Diljale -LRB- 1996 -RRB- and Ishq -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . In 1998 , he appeared in a critically acclaimed performance in Mahesh Bhatt 's drama Zakhm and he received his first National Film Award for Best Actor for his role in the movie . In 1999 , his most-talked-about film was Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam in which he played Vanraj , a man who tries to unite his wife with her lover . In the early 2000s , he gave critically acclaimed performances in Ram Gopal Varma 's fictional expose of Mumbai underworld Company . He played the character of a gangster , for which he won Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor . The same year he gave another critically acclaimed performance in Deewangee for which he received the Filmfare Best Villain Award . In 2003 , he won his second National Film Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Bhagat Singh in Rajkumar Santoshi 's biopic The Legend of Bhagat Singh . Throughout his career he has performed in many critically and commercially successful films including Raincoat -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , '' Gangajal , -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Yuva -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Apaharan -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Omkara -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Golmaal : Fun Unlimited -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Golmaal Returns -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , All the Best : Fun Begins -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Golmaal 3 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Raajneeti -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Singham -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Bol Bachchan -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Son of Sardaar -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Singham Returns -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and Drishyam -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . He has starred in more than hundred Hindi films . Having done so , he established himself as one of the leading actors of Hindi cinema . In addition , Devgn owns a production company Ajay Devgn FFilms which was established in 2000 . In 2008 , he debuted as a film director with U Me Aur Hum . He is married to film actress , Kajol since 1999 and the couple have two children . In August 2009 , Devgn changed his surname from Devgan to Devgn on the request of his family . | Dil Kya Kare is a 1999 Hindi drama film , directed by Prakash Jha and produced by Veeru Devgan and Veena Devgan . The film was acclaimed critically and was an average at the box office . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Portal 2 was only released for Playstation 4. | Portal 2 is a 2011 first-person puzzle-platform video game developed and published by Valve Corporation . It is the sequel to Portal -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and was released on April 19 , 2011 , for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 . The retail versions of the game are distributed by Electronic Arts while online distribution of the Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X and Linux versions is handled by Valve 's content delivery service Steam . Portal 2 was announced on March 5 , 2010 , following a week-long alternate reality game based on new patches to the original game . Before the game 's release on Steam , the company released the Potato Sack , a second multi-week alternate reality game , involving 13 independently developed titles which culminated in a distributed computing spoof to release Portal 2 several hours early . The game retains Portals gameplay elements , and adds new features , including tractor beams , laser redirection , bridges made of light , and paint-like ` gels ' accelerating the player 's speed , allowing the player-character to jump higher or place portals on any surface . These gels were created by the team from the Independent Games Festival-winning DigiPen student project Tag : The Power of Paint . In the single-player campaign , the player controls protagonist Chell , awoken from suspended animation after many years , who must navigate the now-dilapidated Aperture Science Enrichment Center during its reconstruction by the reactivated GLaDOS , a powerful supercomputer . The storyline introduces new characters , including Wheatley -LRB- Stephen Merchant -RRB- and Cave Johnson -LRB- J. K. Simmons -RRB- . Ellen McLain reprised the role of GLaDOS . Jonathan Coulton and The National each produced a song for the game . Portal 2 also includes a two-player cooperative mode , in which the robotic player-characters Atlas and P-Body -LRB- both voiced by Dee Bradley Baker -RRB- are each given a portal gun and are required to work together to solve puzzles . Valve provided post-release support for the game , including additional downloadable content and a simplified map editor to allow players to create and share test chambers with others . Although some reviewers initially expressed concerns about the difficulty of expanding Portal into a full sequel , Portal 2 received critical acclaim , particularly for its writing , pacing , and dark humor . The voice work of McLain , Merchant , and Simmons were also praised , as were the new gameplay elements , the challenging but surmountable learning curve , and the additional cooperative mode . Some journalists ranked Portal 2 among the best games of 2011 , and several named it their Game of the Year . Portal 2 has since been hailed as one of the greatest video games of all time . | Battlefield Play4Free was a first-person shooter video game developed by EA DICE and Easy Studios and published by Electronic Arts . Based on the Battlefield series , the game featured a modern warfare battlefield setting . Play4Free is built on a modified version of Battlefield 2s game engine , with improvements such as high resolution artwork and post-processing effects . The game was also less demanding on computer specifications , similar to Battlefield Heroes . The game was available to players for free online , under Electronic Arts ' free-to-play model called Play4Free . Play4Free uses a similar micropayment store system similar to that in Battlefield Heroes . Battlefield Play4Free was announced on 5 November 2010 . The game 's open beta testing phase began on 4 April . Closed beta codes originally started being distributed via email on 30 November 2010 . The game was released as an open beta on 4 April 2011 . Battlefield Play4Free , along with other EA free-to-play titles Battlefield Heroes , Need for Speed : World , and FIFA World , was shut down on 14 July 2015 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ronda Rousey turned down being in any 2015 American comedy films. | Ronda Jean Rousey -LRB- -LSB- ˈraʊzi -RSB- born February 1 , 1987 -RRB- is an American mixed martial artist , judoka , and actress . Rousey was the first American woman to earn an Olympic medal in judo -LRB- bronze -RRB- , which she won at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . She is the former UFC Women 's Bantamweight Champion , as well as the last Strikeforce Women 's Bantamweight Champion . She won 12 consecutive MMA fights , six in the Ultimate Fighting Championship -LRB- UFC -RRB- , before suffering her first loss to Holly Holm in November 2015 ; she won 11 of those fights in the first round , nine of them by armbar submission . Rousey trains under Gokor Chivichyan of the Hayastan MMA Academy , and Edmond Tarverdyan of the Glendale Fighting Club . In May 2015 , two magazines ranked Rousey as the most `` dominant '' active athlete . In September 2015 , voters in an online ESPN poll selected Rousey as the Best Female Athlete Ever . Later that month , she claimed to be the UFC 's highest paid fighter , male or female . In 2015 , she was the third most searched person on Google . As of January 2017 , Rousey is ranked the # 4 female bantamweight fighter in the world according to the UFC , and # 9 by Sherdog . Rousey 's first feature film role was the 2014 film The Expendables 3 . In 2015 , she had roles in the films Furious 7 and Entourage . | Ready to Rumble is a 2000 American comedy film directed by Brian Robbins and written by Steven Brill , which is based on Turner Broadcasting 's now defunct professional wrestling promotion , World Championship Wrestling -LRB- WCW -RRB- . The movie draws its title from ring announcer Michael Buffer 's catchphrase , `` Let 's get ready to rumble ! '' The movie features many wrestlers from WCW . Some countries such as Finland , Australia , and Japan were only able to see direct-to-video premiere releases of this film . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Dragon is unrelated to "draco." | A dragon is a legendary creature , typically scaled or fire-spewing and with serpentine , reptilian or avian traits , that features in the myths of many cultures around world . The two most well-known cultural traditions of dragon are The European dragon , derived from European folk traditions and ultimately related to Balkans and Western Asian mythologies . Most are depicted as reptilian creatures with animal-level intelligence , and are uniquely six-limbed -LRB- four legs and a separate set of wings -RRB- . The Chinese dragon , with counterparts in Japan -LRB- namely the Japanese dragon -RRB- , Korea and other East Asian and South Asian countries . Most are depicted as serpentine creatures with above-average intelligence , and are quadrupeds -LRB- four legs and wingless -RRB- . The two traditions may have evolved separately , but have influenced each other to a certain extent , particularly with the cross-cultural contact of recent centuries . The English word dragon and Latin word draco derives from Greek δράκων -LRB- drákōn -RRB- , `` dragon , serpent of huge size , water-snake '' . | Japanese dragons -LRB- 日本の竜 Nihon no ryū -RRB- are diverse legendary creatures in Japanese mythology and folklore . Japanese dragon myths amalgamate native legends with imported stories about dragons from China , Korea and India . The style of the dragon was heavily influenced by the Chinese dragon . Like these other Asian dragons , most Japanese ones are water deities associated with rainfall and bodies of water , and are typically depicted as large , wingless , serpentine creatures with clawed feet . The modern Japanese language has numerous `` dragon '' words , including indigenous tatsu from Old Japanese ta-tu , Sino-Japanese ryū or ryō 竜 from Chinese lóng 龍 , nāga ナーガ from Sanskrit nāga , and doragon ドラゴン from English `` dragon '' -LRB- the latter being used almost exclusively to refer to the European dragon and derived fictional creatures -RRB- . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Hannah Simone is British-Canadian. | Hannah Simone -LRB- born August 3 , 1980 -RRB- is a British-Canadian television host , actress , and former fashion model . From May 2006 to November 2008 , she worked as a VJ for MuchMusic in Canada , and is best known for portraying Cece Parekh on the Fox sitcom New Girl . | Brooke Magnanti -LRB- born November 1975 -RRB- is an American-born naturalised British research scientist , blogger , and writer , who , until her identity was revealed in November 2009 , was known by the pen name Belle de Jour . While completing her doctoral studies , between 2003 and 2004 , Magnanti supplemented her income by working as a London call girl known by the working name Taro . Her diary , published as the anonymous blog Belle de Jour : Diary of a London Call Girl , became increasingly popular as speculation surrounded the identity of Belle de Jour . Remaining anonymous , Magnanti went on to have her experiences published as The Intimate Adventures of a London Call Girl in 2005 and The Further Adventures of a London Call Girl in 2006 . Her first two books were UK top 10 best-sellers in the nonfiction hardback and nonfiction paperback lists . In 2007 Belle 's blogs and books were adapted into a television programme , Secret Diary of a Call Girl starring Billie Piper as Belle , with the real name Hannah Baxter . In November 2009 , fearing her real identity was about to come out , Magnanti revealed her real name and occupation as a child health scientist . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lyndon B. Johnson defeated George W. Bush in the United States presidential election of 1964. | Lyndon Baines Johnson -LRB- -LSB- ˈlɪndən_ˈbeɪnz_ˈdʒɒnsən -RSB- August 27 , 1908January 22 , 1973 -RRB- , often referred to as LBJ , was an American politician who served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969 , assuming the office after serving as the 37th Vice President of the United States under President John F. Kennedy from 1961 to 1963 . A Democrat from Texas , he also served as a United States Representative and as the Majority Leader in the United States Senate . Johnson is one of only four people who have served in all four federal elected positions . Born in a farmhouse in Stonewall , Texas , Johnson was a high school teacher and worked as a Congressional aide before winning election to the House of Representatives in 1937 . He won election to the Senate in 1948 , and was appointed the position of Senate Majority Whip in 1951 . He became the Senate Minority Leader in 1953 and the Senate Majority Leader in 1955 . As a leader in the Senate , Johnson became known for his domineering personality and the `` Johnson treatment '' , his aggressive coercion of powerful politicians to advance legislation . Johnson ran for the Democratic nomination in the 1960 presidential election . Although unsuccessful , he was chosen by then-Senator John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts to be his running mate . They went on to win a close election over the Republican ticket of Richard Nixon and Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. , and Johnson was sworn in as Vice President on January 20 , 1961 . On November 22 , 1963 , Johnson succeeded Kennedy as President following the latter 's assassination . Johnson won a landslide re-election in 1964 , defeating Republican Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona . In domestic policy , Johnson designed the `` Great Society '' legislation by upholding civil rights , public broadcasting , Medicare , Medicaid , aid to education , the arts , urban and rural development , public services , and his `` War on Poverty '' . Assisted in part by a growing economy , the War on Poverty helped millions of Americans rise above the poverty line during his administration . Civil rights bills that he signed into law banned racial discrimination in public facilities , interstate commerce , the workplace , and housing ; the Voting Rights Act prohibited certain requirements in southern states used to disenfranchise African Americans . With the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 , the country 's immigration system was reformed , encouraging greater immigration from regions other than Europe . Johnson 's presidency marked the peak of modern liberalism after the New Deal era . In foreign policy , Johnson escalated American involvement in the Vietnam War . In 1964 , Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution , which granted Johnson the power to use military force in Southeast Asia without having to ask for an official declaration of war . The number of American military personnel in Vietnam increased dramatically , from 16,000 advisors in non-combat roles in 1963 to 525,000 in 1967 , many in combat roles . American casualties soared and the peace process bogged down . Growing unease with the war stimulated a large , angry antiwar movement based especially on university campuses . Johnson faced further troubles when summer riots broke out in most major cities after 1965 , and crime rates soared , as his opponents raised demands for `` law and order '' policies . While he began his presidency with widespread approval , support for Johnson declined as the public became upset with both the war and the growing violence at home . In 1968 , the Democratic Party factionalized as antiwar elements denounced Johnson ; he ended his bid for renomination after a disappointing finish in the New Hampshire primary . Nixon was elected to succeed him , as the New Deal coalition that had dominated presidential politics for 36 years collapsed . After he left office in January 1969 , Johnson returned to his Texas ranch , where he died of a heart attack at age 64 on January 22 , 1973 . Johnson is ranked favorably by many historians because of his domestic policies and the passage of many major laws that affected civil rights , gun control , wilderness preservation , and Social Security . He also drew substantial criticism for his handling of the Vietnam War . | Since -LRB- a.k.a. Kennedy 's Assassination -RRB- is a 1966 film directed by Andy Warhol about the assassination of the President of the United States , John F. Kennedy . The film reconstructs the assassination with both Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson present , both before and after the event . The roles in Since are performed by Warhol 's `` superstars '' from The Factory . The film is based on the media coverage of the assassination and the speeches of Johnson , who succeeded Kennedy as President of the United States . The film is 67 minutes long , and shot on 16 mm film in color . It has been described as unfinished . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Samsung Life Insurance is part of a conglomerate. | Samsung Life Insurance -LRB- Korean : 삼성생명보험 , -RRB- is a South Korean multinational insurance company headquartered in Seoul , South Korea , and a subsidiary of the Samsung Group . It is the largest insurance company in South Korea and a Fortune Global 500 company . Samsung Life 's principal products include life , health insurance and annuities . Samsung Life was a private company from its foundation in 1957 until it went public in May 2010 . The IPO was the largest in South Korean history and made Samsung Life one of the country 's most valuable companies measured by market capitalization . Its headquarters are situated across from Namdaemun , a historic gate located in the heart of Seoul . | FTLife Insurance Company Limited -LRB- FTLife -RRB- is one of Hong Kong 's largest life insurance companies and a wholly owned subsidiary of Tongchuangjiuding Investment Management Group Co. , Ltd. -LRB- `` JD Group '' -RRB- . FTLife serves individual and institutional clients with financial protection and wealth management products . FTLife also offer general insurance services plus Mandatory . Provident Fund solutions in partnership with general insurance and MPF companies . FTLife has over 2,800 financial consultants and staff . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ariana Grande's third EP is My Everything. | Ariana Grande-Butera -LRB- born June 26 , 1993 -RRB- , known as Ariana Grande -LRB- -LSB- ˌɑriˈɑːnə_ˈɡrɑːndeɪ -RSB- -RRB- , is an American singer and actress . She began her career in the Broadway musical 13 , before landing the role of Cat Valentine in the Nickelodeon television series Victorious in 2009 . The show ended after four seasons , and Grande starred in the spinoff , Sam & Cat , which ended in 2014 . She has also appeared in other theatre and television roles , and has lent her voice to animated television and films . Grande 's music career began with the soundtrack Music from Victorious -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . She signed a recording contract with Republic Records and released her debut studio album , Yours Truly , in 2013 , which debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 . The album 's lead single , `` The Way '' , debuted in the top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100 , with critics comparing her wide vocal range to that of Mariah Carey . Grande 's second studio album , My Everything -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , debuted at number one in the US and charted in the top 10 in 24 other countries . With the lead single `` Problem '' and several others from that album , she was continuously in the top 10 of the Billboard Hot 100 for 34 weeks and had the most top 10 singles of any artist in 2014 . In 2015 , Grande promoted My Everything with her first world tour , The Honeymoon Tour , guest-starred in the Fox comedy horror television series , Scream Queens and released a holiday EP , Christmas & Chill . In 2016 , she released her third studio album , Dangerous Woman , and several songs from the album . The title track debuted at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 , making Grande the first person in the history of that chart to have the lead single from each of her first three albums debut in the top 10 . The album debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 . As of January 2017 , Grande 's music videos had been viewed a total of more than seven billion times online . Grande 's accolades include three American Music Awards , an MTV Video Music Award , three MTV Europe Music Awards and four Grammy Award nominations . All three of her albums have been certified platinum by the RIAA . She has actively supported a range of charities , and has a large following on social media ; she is the second most followed person on Instagram . In 2016 , Time named Grande one of the 100 most influential people in the world on the annual Time 100 list . | Land 2 Air Chronicles II : Imitation Is Suicide Chapter 3 is an EP by American singer-songwriter Kenna . It is the third , and final , EP in the Land 2 Air Chronicles II series , released from September 2013 to December 2013 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Yung Rich Nation is an album. | Yung Rich Nation is the debut studio album by American hip hop group Migos . It was released on July 31 , 2015 , by Quality Control Music , 300 Entertainment and Atlantic Records . The album features guest appearances from Chris Brown and Young Thug , while the production was handled by Zaytoven , Honorable C.N.O.T.E. and Murda Beatz , among others . | Sixpence None the Richer is the third album by American band Sixpence None the Richer , released in 1997 . It was certified platinum by the RIAA on February 9 , 2000 for 1 million certified units in the US . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Istanbul is outside of Turkey. | Istanbul -LRB- -LSB- ˌɪstænˈbʊl -RSB- , -LSB- - ˈbuːl -RSB- or -LSB- - stɑːn - -RSB- İstanbul -LSB- isˈtɑnbuɫ -RSB- -RRB- , historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium , is the most populous city in Turkey and the country 's economic , cultural , and historic center . Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia , straddling the Bosphorus strait -LRB- which separates Europe and Asia -RRB- between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea . Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side . The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality -LRB- conterminous with Istanbul Province -RRB- , both hosting a population of around 14.7 million residents . Istanbul is one of the world 's most populous cities and ranks as the world 's 7th-largest city proper and the largest European city . Founded under the name of Byzantion on the Sarayburnu promontory around 660 BCE , the city developed to become one of the most significant in history . After its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 CE , it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries , during the Roman and Byzantine -LRB- 330 -- 1204 and 1261 -- 1453 -RRB- , the Latin -LRB- 1204 -- 1261 -RRB- , and the Ottoman -LRB- 1453 -- 1922 -RRB- empires . It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times , before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate . Istanbul 's strategic position on the historic Silk Road , rail networks to Europe and the Middle East , and the only sea route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean have produced a cosmopolitan populace , although less so since the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923 . Overlooked for the new capital Ankara during the interwar period , the city has since regained much of its prominence . The population of the city has increased tenfold since the 1950s , as migrants from across Anatolia have moved in and city limits have expanded to accommodate them . Arts , music , film , and cultural festivals were established at the end of the 20th century and continue to be hosted by the city today . Infrastructure improvements have produced a complex transportation network . Approximately foreign visitors arrived in Istanbul in 2015 , five years after it was named a European Capital of Culture , making the city the world 's fifth most popular tourist destination . The city 's biggest attraction is its historic center , partially listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site , and its cultural and entertainment hub can be found across the city 's natural harbor , the Golden Horn , in the Beyoğlu district . Considered a global city , Istanbul has one of the fastest-growing metropolitan economies in the world . It hosts the headquarters of many Turkish companies and media outlets and accounts for more than a quarter of the country 's gross domestic product . Hoping to capitalize on its revitalization and rapid expansion , Istanbul has bid for the Summer Olympics five times in twenty years . | The Istanbul Cup is a figure skating competition held in December in Istanbul , Turkey . The competition includes men 's singles , ladies singles , and ice dancing on the senior and junior levels . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Benin has negligible employment and income arising from subsistence farming. | Benin -LRB- -LSB- bᵻˈniːn , _ - ˈnɪn -RSB- or - ; -LSB- bɛˈniːn -RSB- ; Bénin -LSB- benɛ̃ -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Benin -LRB- République du Bénin -RRB- and formerly Dahomey , is a country in West Africa . It is bordered by Togo to the west , Nigeria to the east , and Burkina Faso and Niger to the north . The majority of its population lives on the small southern coastline of the Bight of Benin , part of the Gulf of Guinea in the northernmost tropical portion of the Atlantic Ocean . The capital of Benin is Porto-Novo , but the seat of government is in Cotonou , the country 's largest city and economic capital . Benin covers an area of 114,763 square kilometers and its population in 2015 was estimated to be approximately 10.88 million . Benin is a tropical nation , highly dependent on agriculture , with substantial employment and income arising from subsistence farming . The official language of Benin is French . However , indigenous languages such as Fon and Yoruba are commonly spoken . The largest religious group in Benin is Roman Catholicism , followed closely by Islam , Vodun and Protestantism . Benin is a member of the United Nations , the African Union , the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation , the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone , La Francophonie , the Community of Sahel-Saharan States , the African Petroleum Producers Association and the Niger Basin Authority . From the 17th to the 19th century , the main political entities in the area were the Kingdom of Dahomey along with the city-state of Porto-Novo and a large area with many different tribes to the north . This region was referred to as the Slave Coast from as early as the 17th century due to the large number of slaves shipped to the New World during the Trans-Atlantic slave trade . After slavery was abolished , France took over the country and renamed it French Dahomey . In 1960 , Dahomey gained full independence from France , and had a tumultuous period with many different democratic governments , military coups and military governments . A Marxist -- Leninist state called the People 's Republic of Benin existed between 1975 and 1990 . In 1991 , it was replaced by the current multi-party Republic of Benin . | The working poor are working people whose incomes fall below a given poverty line . Depending on how one defines `` working '' and `` poverty , '' someone may or may not be counted as part of the working poor . While poverty is often associated with joblessness , a significant proportion of the poor are actually employed . Largely because they are earning such low wages , the working poor face numerous obstacles that make it difficult for many of them to find and keep a job , save up money , and maintain a sense of self-worth . The official working poverty rate in the US has remained somewhat static over the past four decades , but many social scientists argue that the official rate is set too low , and that the proportion of workers facing significant financial hardship has instead increased over the years . Changes in the economy , especially the shift from a manufacturing-based to a service-based economy , have resulted in the polarization of the labor market . Secondary sector of the economy This means that there are more jobs at the top and the bottom of the income spectrum , but fewer jobs in the middle . There are a wide range of anti-poverty policies that have been shown to improve the situation of the working poor . Research suggests that increasing welfare state generosity is the most effective way to reduce poverty and working poverty . Other tools available to governments are increasing minimum wages across a nation , and absorbing educational and health care costs for children of the working poor . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Glenn Close a Saturn Award for her her appearance in The Real Thing. | Glenn Close -LRB- born March 19 , 1947 -RRB- is an American actress , singer and film producer . With an acting career spanning over 40 years , she has been consistently acclaimed for her versatility and is widely regarded as one of the finest actresses of her generation . She has won three Emmy Awards , three Tony Awards , four Golden Globe Awards , and has received six Academy Award nominations . Close began her professional stage career in 1974 in Love for Love , and was mostly a New York stage actress through the rest of the 1970s and early 1980s , appearing in both plays and musicals , including the Broadway productions of Barnum in 1980 and The Real Thing in 1983 , for which she won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . Her film debut was in The World According to Garp -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , which she followed up with supporting roles in The Big Chill -LRB- 1983 -RRB- and The Natural -LRB- 1984 -RRB- ; all three earned her nominations for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . She would later receive nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performances in Fatal Attraction -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Dangerous Liaisons -LRB- 1988 -RRB- and Albert Nobbs -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . She won two more Tony Awards in the 1990s , for Death and the Maiden in 1992 and Sunset Boulevard in 1995 , while she won her first Emmy Award for the 1995 TV film Serving in Silence : The Margarethe Cammermeyer Story . She starred as Eleanor of Aquitaine in the 2003 TV film The Lion in Winter , winning a Golden Globe Award . In 2005 , she starred in the drama series The Shield . Then , from 2007 to 2012 , she starred as Patty Hewes in the FX drama series Damages , a role that won her a Golden Globe and two Emmys . She has voiced the character of Mona Simpson in the animated sitcom The Simpsons since 1995 . She returned to Broadway in November 2014 , in a revival of Edward Albee 's A Delicate Balance . Her other films include Jagged Edge -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , Hamlet -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Reversal of Fortune -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , 101 Dalmatians -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Paradise Road -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Air Force One -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Cookie 's Fortune -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , Heights -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Guardians of the Galaxy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and The Girl With All The Gifts -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Close is a six-time Academy Award nominee , tying the record for being the actress with the most nominations never to have won -LRB- along with Deborah Kerr and Thelma Ritter -RRB- . As of 2016 , Close has more Oscar nominations without a win than any other living actor . In addition , she has been nominated for four Tonys -LRB- three wins -RRB- , fourteen Emmys -LRB- three wins -RRB- , thirteen Golden Globes -LRB- two wins -RRB- , two Drama Desk Awards -LRB- one win -RRB- and eight Screen Actors Guild Awards -LRB- one win -RRB- . She has also won an Obie award and has been nominated for three Grammy Awards and a BAFTA . Close has received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and has been inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame . | Serving in Silence : The Margarethe Cammermeyer Story is a 1995 American television film that aired on NBC and stars Glenn Close and Judy Davis . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Over 23 million albums have been sold by Snoop Dogg. | Cordozar Calvin Broadus , Jr. -LRB- born October 20 , 1971 -RRB- , known professionally as Snoop Dogg -LRB- sometimes shortened to Snoop and formerly called Snoop Doggy Dogg and Snoop Lion -RRB- , is an American rapper and actor from Long Beach , California . His music career began in 1992 when he was discovered by Dr. Dre of N.W.A , and as a result was prominently featured throughout Dr. Dre 's solo debut album , The Chronic -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . He has since sold over twenty-three million albums in the United States and thirty-five million albums worldwide . Snoop 's debut album , Doggystyle , was released in 1993 under Death Row Records , debuting at number one on both the Billboard 200 and Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums charts . Selling almost a million copies in the first week of its release , Doggystyle became certified 4 × platinum in 1994 and spawned several hit singles , including `` What 's My Name ? '' and `` Gin & Juice '' . In 1994 Snoop released a soundtrack on Death Row Records for the short film Murder Was The Case , starring himself . His second album Tha Doggfather -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , also debuted at number one on both charts with `` Snoop 's Upside Ya Head '' , as the lead single . The album was certified double platinum in 1997 . After leaving Death Row Records , Snoop signed with No Limit Records , where he recorded his next three albums . Da Game Is to Be Sold , Not to Be Told -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , No Limit Top Dogg -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , and Tha Last Meal -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . Snoop then signed with Priority/Capitol/EMI Records in 2002 , where he released Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss . He then signed with Geffen Records in 2004 for his next three albums R&G -LRB- Rhythm & Gangsta -RRB- : The Masterpiece , Tha Blue Carpet Treatment , and Ego Trippin ' . Malice 'n Wonderland -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , and Doggumentary -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , were released on Priority . Snoop Dogg has starred in motion pictures and hosted several television shows , including Doggy Fizzle Televizzle , Snoop Dogg 's Father Hood , and Dogg After Dark . He also coaches a youth football league and high school football team . In September 2009 , Snoop was hired by EMI as the chairman of a reactivated Priority Records . In 2012 , after a trip to Jamaica , Snoop announced a conversion to the Rastafari movement and a new alias , Snoop Lion . Under the new moniker , he released a reggae album , Reincarnated , and a documentary film of the same name , of his Jamaican experience , in early 2013 . His fourteenth solo studio album , Coolaid , was released in July 2016 . Snoop Dogg holds the dubious distinction of having seventeen Grammy nominations without a win . In March 2016 , the night before WrestleMania 32 in Arlington , Texas , Snoop was inducted into the celebrity wing of the WWE Hall of Fame having made several appearances for the company , including as Master of Ceremonies during a match at Wrestlemania XXIV . | The discography of RuPaul , an American singer-songwriter , consists of eleven studio albums , two soundtrack albums , five compilation albums , three remix albums , and one extended play . RuPaul has also released thirty-two singles and two promotional singles . RuPaul reached commercial success in the United States with his debut album , Supermodel of the World , which reached number 109 on the US Billboard 200 . The album contained RuPaul 's signature song , `` Supermodel -LRB- You Better Work -RRB- '' . The song reached number 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was a Top 5 single on the Hot Dance Club Play chart in 1993 . Since then , RuPaul has released seven more studio albums , although none featured a single that charted as high as `` Supermodel -LRB- You Better Work -RRB- '' . In 2014 , coinciding with the release of season six of his show RuPaul 's Drag Race , his album Born Naked reached number 85 on Billboard 200 , making it his current highest charting album . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Avril Lavigne is the singer and songwriter of My Happy Ending. | Avril Ramona Lavigne -LRB- -LSB- ˈævrɪl_ləˈviːn -RSB- -LSB- avʁil laviɲ -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- born 27 September 1984 -RRB- is a Canadian singer-songwriter and actress . By the age of 15 , she had appeared on stage with Shania Twain ; by 16 , she had signed a two-album recording contract with Arista Records worth more than $ 2 million . In 2002 she released her debut album , Let Go , emphasising a skate punk persona in which she has been often referred by critics and music publications as The `` Pop Punk Queen '' due to her achievement and impact in the industry . Lavigne is considered a key musician in the development of pop punk music since she paved the way for female-driven punk-influenced pop music . Since her professional debut , Lavigne has sold more than 40 million albums and over 50 million singles worldwide making her the 2nd best selling Canadian Female Artist of all time , only behind Celine Dion . Let Go made Lavigne the youngest female soloist to reach number 1 in the UK . As of 2013 , it has sold nearly 7 million copies in the United States and over 20 million copies worldwide . Her breakthrough single , `` Complicated '' , peaked at number 1 in many countries around the world , as did the album Let Go . Her second studio album , Under My Skin , was released in May 2004 and was her first album to peak at number 1 on the US Billboard 200 , eventually selling more than 12 million copies worldwide . The Best Damn Thing , Lavigne 's third album , was released in April 2007 , becoming her third number 1 album in the UK Albums Chart and featuring her first US Billboard Hot 100 number 1 single , `` Girlfriend '' . Lavigne has scored six number-one singles worldwide , including `` Complicated '' , `` Sk8er Boi '' , `` I 'm with You '' , `` My Happy Ending '' , `` Nobody 's Home '' , and `` Girlfriend '' . Lavigne is one of the top-selling artists releasing albums in the US , with over 12 million copies certified by the RIAA . Her fourth studio album , Goodbye Lullaby , was released in March 2011 . Goodbye Lullaby gave Lavigne her fourth top 10 album on the US Billboard 200 and the UK Albums Chart and her third number 1 album in both Japan and Australia . Three months after the release of Goodbye Lullaby , Lavigne began work on her eponymously titled fifth studio album , which was released by Epic Records on 1 November 2013 following her departure from RCA Records in 2011 . Lavigne took a break from recording music , pursuing careers in feature film acting and designing clothes and perfumes . She voiced Heather , a Virginia opossum , in the animated film Over the Hedge in 2006 . That same year , she made her on-screen feature film debut in Fast Food Nation . In 2008 , Lavigne introduced her clothing line , Abbey Dawn , and in 2009 she released her first perfume , Black Star , which was followed by Forbidden Rose in 2010 , and Wild Rose in 2011 . In July 2006 , Lavigne married her boyfriend of two years , Deryck Whibley , lead singer and guitarist for Sum 41 . The marriage lasted four years . In October 2009 , Lavigne filed for divorce . Whibley and Lavigne continued to work together , with Whibley producing her fourth album , as well as Lavigne 's single `` Alice '' , written for Tim Burton 's film Alice in Wonderland . | `` You Know My Name '' is a song by the American alternative rock musician Courtney Love . It is the first single from her upcoming second studio album Died Blonde , released on May 4 , 2014 on Cherry Forever Records , packaged as a double A-side single with the song `` Wedding Day '' . Featuring themes of public fame and notoriety , `` You Know My Name '' was written by Love , guitarist Micko Larkin and bassist Shawn Dailey . It was recorded alongside `` Wedding Day '' at Atrium Studios in Calabasas , California in early 2014 with producer Michael Beinhorn . The single was released on Love 's own independent record label Cherry Forever , under license to Kobalt Label Services , and was supported by a well received eight-date tour of the United Kingdom . Critical reception to `` You Know My Name '' was largely positive and the single placed in the UK Independent Singles Chart upon its release . An accompanying music video , directed by Maximilla Lukacs , features Love performing `` You Know My Name '' as a character abandoned on her wedding day inspired by Miss Havisham from Charles Dickens 1861 novel Great Expectations . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Europe is the location of Andorra. | Andorra -LRB- -LSB- ænˈdɔ : rə -RSB- -LSB- ənˈdorə -RSB- , -LSB- anˈdɔra -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Principality of Andorra -LRB- Principat d'Andorra -RRB- , also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra -LRB- -LSB- Principat de les Valls d'Andorra , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a sovereign landlocked microstate in Southwestern Europe , located in the eastern Pyrenees mountains and bordered by Spain and France . Created under a charter in 988 , the present principality was formed in 1278 . It is known as a principality as it is a diarchy headed by two Co-Princes the Roman Catholic Bishop of Urgell in Spain , and the President of France . Andorra is the sixth-smallest nation in Europe , having an area of 468 km2 -LRB- 181 sq mi -RRB- and a population of approximately 85,000 . Its capital Andorra la Vella is the highest capital city in Europe , at an elevation of 1,023 m above sea level . The official language is Catalan , although Spanish , Portuguese , and French are also commonly spoken . Andorra 's tourism services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually . It is not a member of the European Union , but the euro is the official currency . It has been a member of the United Nations since 1993 . In 2013 , the people of Andorra had the highest life expectancy in the world at 81 years , according to The Lancet . | Not to be confused with the national team of the independent country of Andorra . Andorra Club de Fútbol is a Spanish football team based in Andorra , Teruel , in the autonomous community of Aragon . Founded in 1957 , it plays in Tercera División -- Group 17 , holding home games at Estadio Juan Antonio Endeiza , with a capacity of 3,000 seats . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.New York City was the capital of the United States until 1790. | The City of New York , often called New York City or simply New York , is the most populous city in the United States . With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 sqmi , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States . Located at the southern tip of the state of New York , the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area , one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world . A global power city , New York City exerts a significant impact upon commerce , finance , media , art , fashion , research , technology , education , and entertainment , its fast pace defining the term New York minute . Home to the headquarters of the United Nations , New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural , financial , and media capital of the world . Situated on one of the world 's largest natural harbors , New York City consists of five boroughs , each of which is a separate county of New York State . The five boroughs -- Brooklyn , Queens , Manhattan , The Bronx , and Staten Island -- were consolidated into a single city in 1898 . The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States , and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York , making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world . New York City is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States , the world 's largest foreign-born population of any city . By 2016 estimates , the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States , as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area -LRB- MSA -RRB- , 20.2 million residents , and the Combined Statistical Area -LRB- CSA -RRB- , 23.7 million residents . In 2013 , the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product -LRB- GMP -RRB- of nearly US$ 1.39 trillion . In 2012 , the CSA generated a GMP of over US$ 1.55 trillion . NYC 's MSA and CSA GDP are higher than the GDPs of all but 11 and 12 countries , respectively . New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626 . The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother , the Duke of York . New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790 . It has been the country 's largest city since 1790 . The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy . In the 21st century , New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship , social tolerance , and environmental sustainability . Many districts and landmarks in New York City have become well known , and the city received a record of nearly 60 million tourists in 2015 , hosting three of the world 's ten most visited tourist attractions in 2013 . Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world . Times Square , iconic as the world 's `` heart '' and its `` Crossroads '' , is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway Theater District , one of the world 's busiest pedestrian intersections , and a major center of the world 's entertainment industry . The names of many of the city 's bridges , tapered skyscrapers , and parks are known around the world . Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan , New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world , and the city is home to the world 's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization , the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ . Manhattan 's real estate market is among the most expensive in the world . Manhattan 's Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere , with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city . Providing continuous 24/7 service , the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide , with stations in operation . Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City , including Columbia University , New York University , and Rockefeller University , which have been ranked among the top 35 in the world . | The Royal Exchange building in New York City , later known as the `` Old Royal Exchange '' and the Merchants Exchange , was a covered marketplace located near the foot of Broad Street , near its intersection with Water Street . Originally a one story building in 1675 , it was rebuilt with a meeting hall on the upper story in 1752 , typical of the type of market halls found in England and Europe at the time . The Royal Exchange building was the location of the Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York from 1770 until the Revolutionary War . The New York State Legislature met for several sessions in the Royal Exchange building from 1785 to 1790 , after the Congress of the Confederation started meeting in the legislature 's previous location , the then New York City Hall which became known as Federal Hall . On November 3 , 1789 , the federal court for the District of New York -LRB- later the Southern District of New York -RRB- sat in the building , the first federal court to sit under the new Constitution . The first District Court Judge was James Duane . The court 's earliest business in the building included admitting local lawyers to the bar , including Aaron Burr . The court moved to Federal Hall in 1791 . The first meeting of the Supreme Court of the United States was held in the Royal Exchange building on February 1 , 1790 , although a quorum was not available until the following day . There were not yet any cases to hear at the first meeting . A second session was held in August 1790 . The court met in New York for a total of twelve days before it moved to Philadelphia with the rest of the nascent federal government in 1791 . The Royal Exchange building was demolished in 1799 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.KFC opened restaurants in Europe and Asia. | Kentucky Fried Chicken , more commonly known by its initials KFC , is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken . Headquartered in Louisville , Kentucky , it is the world 's second-largest restaurant chain -LRB- as measured by sales -RRB- after McDonald 's , with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories . The chain is a subsidiary of Yum ! Brands , a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains . KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders , an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin , Kentucky during the Great Depression . Sanders identified the potential of the restaurant franchising concept , and the first `` Kentucky Fried Chicken '' franchise opened in Utah in 1952 . KFC popularized chicken in the fast food industry , diversifying the market by challenging the established dominance of the hamburger . By branding himself as `` Colonel Sanders '' , Harland became a prominent figure of American cultural history , and his image remains widely used in KFC advertising . However , the company 's rapid expansion overwhelmed the aging Sanders and he sold it to a group of investors led by John Y. Brown Jr. and Jack C. Massey in 1964 . KFC was one of the first American fast food chains to expand internationally , opening outlets in Canada , the United Kingdom , Mexico , and Jamaica by the mid-1960s . Throughout the 1970s and 1980s , it experienced mixed fortunes domestically , as it went through a series of changes in corporate ownership with little or no experience in the restaurant business . In the early-1970s , KFC was sold to the spirits distributor Heublein , which was taken over by the R.J. Reynolds food and tobacco conglomerate ; that company sold the chain to PepsiCo . The chain continued to expand overseas , however , and in 1987 , it became the first Western restaurant chain to open in China . It has since expanded rapidly in China , which is now the company 's single largest market . PepsiCo spun off its restaurants division as Tricon Global Restaurants , which later changed its name to Yum ! Brands . KFC 's original product is pressure fried chicken pieces , seasoned with Sanders ' recipe of 11 herbs and spices . The constituents of the recipe represent a notable trade secret . Larger portions of fried chicken are served in a cardboard `` bucket '' , which has become a well known feature of the chain since it was first introduced by franchisee Pete Harman in 1957 . Since the early 1990s , KFC has expanded its menu to offer other chicken products such as chicken fillet burgers and wraps , as well as salads and side dishes , such as French fries and coleslaw , desserts , and soft drinks , the latter often supplied by PepsiCo . KFC is known for its slogans `` Finger Lickin ' Good '' , `` Nobody does chicken like KFC '' and `` So good '' . | For the 18th-century English club in London with strong political and literary associations see the Kit-Cat Club . The KitKatClub is a nightclub in Berlin , opened in March 1994 by Austrian pornographic film maker Simon Thaur and his life partner Kirsten Krüger . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Dragon Ball has several collections of soundtracks. | is a Japanese media franchise created by Akira Toriyama . The initial manga , written and illustrated by Toriyama , was serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1984 to 1995 , with the 519 individual chapters collected into 42 tankōbon volumes by its publisher Shueisha . Dragon Ball was initially inspired by the classical Chinese novel Journey to the West . The series follows the adventures of the protagonist , Son Goku , from his childhood through adulthood as he trains in martial arts and explores the world in search of the seven orbs known as the Dragon Balls , which summon a wish-granting dragon when gathered . Along his journey , Goku makes several friends and battles a wide variety of villains , many of whom also seek the Dragon Balls . The Dragon Ball manga has been adapted into two anime series produced by Toei Animation : Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball Z , which together were broadcast in Japan from 1986 to 1996 . Additionally , the studio has developed 19 animated feature films and three television specials , as well as two anime sequel series titled Dragon Ball GT -LRB- 1996 -- 1997 -RRB- and Dragon Ball Super -LRB- 2015 -- present -RRB- . From 2009 to 2015 , a revised , faster-paced version of Dragon Ball Z aired in Japan under the title Dragon Ball Kai , in which most of the original version 's footage not featured in the manga is removed . Several companies have developed various types of merchandising based on the series leading to a large media franchise that includes films , both animated and live-action , collectible trading card games , numerous action figures , along with several collections of soundtracks and a large number of video games . As of November 2014 , the franchise generated $ 5 billion in merchandise , making Dragon Ball one of the most merchandisable anime based media franchises of all time . Since its release , Dragon Ball has become one of the most successful manga and anime series of all time . The manga 's 42 volumes have sold over 156 million copies in Japan and more than 240 million copies worldwide , making it the third best-selling manga series in history . Reviewers have praised the art , characterization , and humor of the story . It is widely regarded as one of the greatest manga series ever made , with many manga artists citing Dragon Ball as a source of inspiration for their own now popular works . The anime , particularly Dragon Ball Z , is also highly popular in various countries and was arguably one of the most influential in boosting the popularity of Japanese animation in Western culture . | is an ongoing Japanese manga series created by Dai Tennōji and Rikiya Gō . It 's serialized in Weekly Manga Goraku magazine by Nihon Bungeisha . The first volume was published in March 1992 and , as of May 2017 , the series has 142 volumes . It has been adapted into several live action films , including original videos and two television films and also into two original video animations . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Attack on Titan is performed and illustrated by Hajime Isayama. | is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hajime Isayama . The series began in Kodansha 's Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine on September 9 , 2009 , and has been collected into 22 tankōbon volumes as of April 2017 . It is set in a world where humanity lives in cities surrounded by enormous walls ; a defense against the Titans , gigantic humanoids that eat humans seemingly without reason . The story initially centers on Eren Yeager , his adopted sister Mikasa Ackerman and childhood friend Armin Arlert , who join the military to fight the Titans after their home town is invaded and Eren 's mother is eaten . However , as the story progresses and the truths about the Titans are slowly revealed to the reader , the narrative shifts to encompass Historia Reiss , squad leader Levi , Eren 's father Grisha , and other supporting characters . The spin-off light novel series Before the Fall began in December 2011 and has received a manga adaptation . Two additional light novel series and four additional spin-off manga series have also been created . An anime television adaptation produced by Wit Studio and Production I.G aired in Japan on MBS between April and September 2013 and a second season of the series premiered in April 2017 . Four video game adaptations developed by Nitroplus staffers in collaboration with Production I.G were announced to be released as bonus content for the third and sixth volumes of the Blu-ray Disc release of the anime , with another game developed by Spike Chunsoft for the Nintendo 3DS . A two-part live-action film adaptation , Attack on Titan and Attack on Titan : End of the World , and a live-action web-series were released in 2015 . An anime adaptation of the Junior High spin-off manga , produced by Production I.G , began airing in October 2015 . Attack on Titan and all five spin-off manga are published in North America by Kodansha Comics USA , while the three novel series are published by Vertical . The anime has been licensed by Funimation for North America , by Manga Entertainment for the UK , and by Madman Entertainment for Australasia . Attack on Titan has become a commercial success . As of April 2017 , the manga has 66 million copies in print . The release of the anime also saw a boost in the series ' popularity , with it having received widespread critical acclaim for its atmosphere and story . Although it also gained fame in neighboring Asian countries , the series ' themes have been a subject of controversy . | is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Miyuki Nakayama . Media Factory has published five volumes since June , 2014 . Yen Press licensed the series in North America on July 7 , 2016 . The first volume was released in English to North America on February 21 , 2017 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.On July 9, 2010, Despicable Me was released. | Despicable Me is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated comedy film from Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment that was released on July 9 , 2010 in the United States . It is the debut film of Illumination Entertainment . The film was animated by the French animation studio Mac Guff , which was later acquired by Illumination Entertainment . It was directed by Pierre Coffin and Chris Renaud as their feature debut film , with a story by Sergio Pablos . The film stars the voice of Steve Carell as Gru , a supervillain who adopts three girls -LRB- voiced by Miranda Cosgrove , Dana Gaier , and Elsie Fisher -RRB- from an orphanage ; and the voice of Jason Segel as Vector , a rival of Gru who steals the Great Pyramid of Giza . When Gru learns of Vector 's heist , he plans an even greater heist : to shrink and steal the Earth 's moon . The film earned positive reviews from critics , and grossed over $ 543 million worldwide , against a budget of $ 69 million . It launched the Despicable Me franchise with a series of films , including the sequel Despicable Me 2 in 2013 , and the prequel Minions released in 2015 featuring Gru 's Minions as the main characters . Another sequel , Despicable Me 3 , is scheduled for release in 2017 . | You , Me , and Everyone We Know is a rock band from Washington , D.C. , fronted by singer-songwriter Ben Liebsch . The band has released five EPs and one full-length album . Its debut EP Party for the Grown and Sexy was released in 2006 , followed by So Young , So Insane , was released on November 18 , 2008 . Some Things Do n't Wash Out , the band 's full-length debut , came out in October 2010 . In early 2011 , five members announced their departure from the band , citing the actions of singer Ben Liebsch as `` irreparable . '' Despite the split , the band released `` Things Are Really Weird Right Now '' on May 3 , their final work together . Liebsch announced in Summer 2012 that he was recording songs as a solo act for a new EP , which would eventually become `` A Great Big Hole , '' released digitally on November 27 , 2012 via the band 's Bandcamp . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Leonardo da Vinci assembled other people's inventions. | Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci -LRB- -LSB- leoˈnardo di ˌsɛr ˈpjɛːro da -LRB- v -RRB- ˈvintʃi -RSB- ; 15 April 14522 May 1519 -RRB- , more commonly Leonardo da Vinci or simply Leonardo , was an Italian polymath whose areas of interest included invention , painting , sculpting , architecture , science , music , mathematics , engineering , literature , anatomy , geology , astronomy , botany , writing , history , and cartography . He has been variously called the father of palaeontology , ichnology , and architecture , and is widely considered one of the greatest painters of all time . Sometimes credited with the inventions of the parachute , helicopter and tank , he epitomised the Renaissance humanist ideal . Many historians and scholars regard Leonardo as the prime exemplar of the `` Universal Genius '' or `` Renaissance Man '' , an individual of `` unquenchable curiosity '' and `` feverishly inventive imagination '' . According to art historian Helen Gardner , the scope and depth of his interests were without precedent in recorded history , and `` his mind and personality seem to us superhuman , while the man himself mysterious and remote '' . Marco Rosci notes that while there is much speculation regarding his life and personality , his view of the world was logical rather than mysterious , and that the empirical methods he employed were unorthodox for his time . Born out of wedlock to a notary , Piero da Vinci , and a peasant woman , Caterina , in Vinci in the region of Florence , Leonardo was educated in the studio of the renowned Florentine painter Andrea del Verrocchio . Much of his earlier working life was spent in the service of Ludovico il Moro in Milan . He later worked in Rome , Bologna and Venice , and he spent his last years in France at the home awarded to him by Francis I of France . Leonardo was , and is , renowned primarily as a painter . Among his works , the Mona Lisa is the most famous and most parodied portrait and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time . Leonardo 's drawing of the Vitruvian Man is also regarded as a cultural icon , being reproduced on items as varied as the euro coin , textbooks , and T-shirts . Perhaps fifteen of his paintings have survived.There are 15 significant artworks which are ascribed , either in whole or in large part , to Leonardo by most art historians . This number is made up principally of paintings on panel but includes a mural , a large drawing on paper and two works which are in the early stages of preparation . There are a number of other works that have also been variously attributed to Leonardo . Nevertheless , these few works , together with his notebooks , which contain drawings , scientific diagrams , and his thoughts on the nature of painting , compose a contribution to later generations of artists rivalled only by that of his contemporary , Michelangelo . Leonardo is revered for his technological ingenuity . He conceptualised flying machines , a type of armoured fighting vehicle , concentrated solar power , an adding machine , and the double hull . Relatively few of his designs were constructed or even feasible during his lifetime , as the modern scientific approaches to metallurgy and engineering were only in their infancy during the Renaissance . Some of his smaller inventions , however , such as an automated bobbin winder and a machine for testing the tensile strength of wire , entered the world of manufacturing unheralded . A number of Leonardo 's most practical inventions are nowadays displayed as working models at the Museum of Vinci . He made substantial discoveries in anatomy , civil engineering , geology , optics , and hydrodynamics , but he did not publish his findings and they had no direct influence on later science . Today , Leonardo is widely considered one of the most diversely talented individuals ever to have lived . | Leonardo S.p.A. , formerly Leonardo-Finmeccanica and Finmeccanica , is an Italian global high-tech company and one of the key players in aerospace , defence and security . Headquartered in Rome , the company has 180 sites worldwide . It is the ninth largest defence contractor in the world based on 2014 revenues . The company is partially owned by the Italian government through the Ministry of Economy and Finance , which holds 30.2 % of the company 's shares and is its largest shareholder . On 1 January 2016 , Leonardo-Finmeccanica became a single industrial company by integrating the activities of its subsidiaries AgustaWestland , Alenia Aermacchi , Selex ES , Oto Melara and WASS . The company is organised into seven divisions -LRB- Helicopters , Aircraft , Aerostructures , Airborne & Space Systems , Land & Naval Defence Electronics , Defence Systems , Security & Information Systems -RRB- and is also the parent company and corporate centre for the subsidiaries and joint ventures DRS Technologies , Telespazio , Thales Alenia Space , MBDA and ATR . Leonardo-Finmeccanica is listed on the Borsa Italiana and is a constituent of the FTSE MIB and Dow Jones Sustainability Indices . , the company was known by the transitional name of Leonardo-Finmeccanica as part of the restructuring process of the company carried out by CEO Mauro Moretti from the beginning of his mandate in 2014 . The company changed its name to Leonardo S.p.A. on 1 January 2017 , after the Italian inventor Leonardo Da Vinci . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Supply-side economic policies were promoted by Ronald Reagan. | Ronald Wilson Reagan -LRB- -LSB- ˈrɒnəld_ˈwɪlsən_ˈreɪɡən -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- February 6 , 1911 -- June 5 , 2004 -RRB- was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . Before his presidency , he was the 33rd Governor of California , from 1967 to 1975 , after a career as a Hollywood actor and union leader . Raised in a poor family in small towns of northern Illinois , Reagan graduated from Eureka College in 1932 and worked as a sports announcer on several regional radio stations . After moving to Hollywood in 1937 , he became an actor and starred in a few major productions . Reagan was twice elected President of the Screen Actors Guild , the labor union for actors , where he worked to root out Communist influence . In the 1950s , he moved into television and was a motivational speaker at General Electric factories . Having been a lifelong Democrat , his views changed . He became a conservative and in 1962 switched to the Republican Party . In 1964 , Reagan 's speech , `` A Time for Choosing '' , in support of Barry Goldwater 's foundering presidential campaign , earned him national attention as a new conservative spokesman . Building a network of supporters , he was elected Governor of California in 1966 . As governor , Reagan raised taxes , turned a state budget deficit to a surplus , challenged the protesters at the University of California , ordered National Guard troops in during a period of protest movements in 1969 , and was re-elected in 1970 . He twice ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the U.S. presidency in 1968 and 1976 ; four years later , he easily won the nomination outright , becoming the oldest elected U.S. president up to that time , defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter in 1980 . Entering the presidency in 1981 , Reagan implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives . His supply-side economic policies , dubbed `` Reaganomics '' , advocated tax rate reduction to spur economic growth , control of the money supply to curb inflation , economic deregulation , and reduction in government spending . In his first term he survived an assassination attempt , spurred the War on Drugs , and fought public sector labor . Over his two terms , the economy saw a reduction of inflation from 12.5 % to 4.4 % , and an average annual growth of real GDP of 3.4 ; while Reagan did enact cuts in domestic discretionary spending , tax cuts and increased military spending contributed to increased federal outlays overall , even after adjustment for inflation . During his re-election bid , Reagan campaigned on the notion that it was `` Morning in America '' , winning a landslide in 1984 with the largest electoral college victory in American history . Foreign affairs dominated his second term , including ending of the Cold War , the bombing of Libya , and the Iran -- Contra affair . Publicly describing the Soviet Union as an `` evil empire '' , and during his famous speech at the Brandenburg Gate , President Reagan challenged Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev to `` tear down this wall ! '' . He transitioned Cold War policy from détente to rollback , by escalating an arms race with the USSR while engaging in talks with Gorbachev , which culminated in the INF Treaty , shrinking both countries ' nuclear arsenals . Reagan 's presidency came during the decline of the Soviet Union and just ten months after the end of his term , the Berlin Wall fell , and on December 26 , 1991 , nearly three years after he left office , the Soviet Union collapsed . Leaving office in 1989 , Reagan held an approval rating of sixty-eight percent , matching those of Franklin D. Roosevelt , and later Bill Clinton , as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era . He was the first president since Dwight D. Eisenhower to serve two full terms , after a succession of five prior presidents failed to do so . While having planned an active post-presidency , in 1994 Reagan disclosed his diagnosis with Alzheimer 's disease earlier that year , appearing publicly for the last time at the funeral of Richard Nixon ; he died ten years later in 2004 at the age of 93 ; Reagan had the second-longest life out of all the presidents ; the current longest lifespan of a president is held by Gerald Ford , who died two years after Reagan . An icon among Republicans , he is viewed favorably in historian rankings of U.S. presidents , and his tenure constituted a realignment toward conservative policies in the U.S. | Reaganomics -LRB- -LSB- reɪgəˈnɒmɪks -RSB- a portmanteau of -LSB- Ronald -RSB- Reagan and economics attributed to Paul Harvey -RRB- refers to the economic policies promoted by U.S. President Ronald Reagan during the 1980s . These policies are commonly associated with supply-side economics , referred to as trickle-down economics or voodoo economics by political opponents , and free-market economics by political advocates . The four pillars of Reagan 's economic policy were to reduce the growth of government spending , reduce the federal income tax and capital gains tax , reduce government regulation , and tighten the money supply in order to reduce inflation . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Macaulay Culkin acted in the 1990 comedy film Home Alone. | Macaulay Carson Culkin -LRB- born August 26 , 1980 -RRB- is an American actor . He became famous as a child actor for his role as Kevin McCallister in the family comedy Home Alone -LRB- 1990 -RRB- and its sequel Home Alone 2 : Lost in New York -LRB- 1992 -RRB- . He is also known for his roles in Uncle Buck -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , My Girl -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , The Good Son -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , The Pagemaster -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Richie Rich -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Party Monster -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , and the music video for Michael Jackson 's `` Black or White '' . At the height of his fame , he was regarded as the most successful child actor since Shirley Temple . Culkin ranked at number two on VH1 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Kid-Stars '' and E! 's list of the `` 50 Greatest Child Stars '' . | Nathaniel Stroman -LRB- born May 29 , 1963 -RRB- , best known as `` Earthquake '' , is an American actor , voice artist , and comedian . He also hosted a daily radio show on afternoon drive for WBLS . Earthquake performed a half-hour HBO special as part of the series One Night Stand , which first aired on August 26 , 2005 . He also had a small role in Kevin Smith 's film Clerks II , and a supporting role in the film The Longshots . He had a recurring role as Chris ' Uncle Mike , on Everybody Hates Chris . He voiced Root the Rooster in the 2006 CGI film , Barnyard and in the video game of the same title , and continues to do so on the TV series spinoff , Back at the Barnyard . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Constantine is a film completely outside the action horror genre. | Constantine is a 2005 American-German occult detective action horror film directed by Francis Lawrence as his feature film directorial debut , starring Keanu Reeves as John Constantine , with Rachel Weisz , Shia LaBeouf , Tilda Swinton , Pruitt Taylor Vince , and Djimon Hounsou . With a screenplay by Kevin Brodbin and Frank Cappello , the film is based on DC Comics ' Hellblazer comic book , with plot elements taken from the `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc -LRB- issues # 4146 -RRB- and the `` Original Sins '' story arc . The character of John Constantine was introduced by comic book writer/creator Alan Moore while writing the Swamp Thing , first appearing there in June 1985 . In 1988 , the character of John Constantine was given his own comic book title , Hellblazer , published by DC Comics . The `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc was written by Garth Ennis in 1991 . The film portrays John Constantine as a cynic with the ability to perceive and communicate with half-angels and half-demons in their true form . He seeks salvation from eternal damnation in Hell for a suicide attempt in his youth . Constantine exorcises demons back to Hell to earn favor with Heaven but has become weary over time . With terminal lung cancer , he helps a troubled police detective learn the truth about her sister 's death while simultaneously unraveling a much larger and darker plot . Constantine was released in the United States and Canada on February 18 , 2005 and in Hong Kong on February 8 , 2005 . The film received mixed reviews and was a box office success , grossing $ 230.9 million worldwide from a $ 100 million budget . | Constantine is a village in St. Joseph County in the U.S. state of Michigan . The population was 2,076 at the 2010 census . The village is located within Constantine Township . It is on U.S. Highway 131 , leading to Kalamazoo to the north and to the Indiana Toll Road six miles to the south . The non-navigable St. Joseph River passes through it toward Lake Michigan . The telephone provider is Verizon and the electric provider is AEP Indiana Michigan Power . Constantine is also the Seed Corn Capital of the World with both Monsanto and Pioneer having their biggest facilities located here . Constantine is the birthplace of Harry Hill Bandholtz , US Brigadier General in World War I and head of the US Military Mission to Hungary . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Tennis is featured in the novel Sybil. | Tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent -LRB- singles -RRB- or between two teams of two players each -LRB- doubles -RRB- . Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over or around a net and into the opponent 's court . The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to play a valid return . The player who is unable to return the ball will not gain a point , while the opposite player will . Tennis is an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society and at all ages . The sport can be played by anyone who can hold a racket , including wheelchair users . The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham , England , in the late 19th century as `` lawn tennis '' . It had close connections both to various field -LRB- `` lawn '' -RRB- games such as croquet and bowls as well as to the older racket sport of real tennis . During most of the 19th century , in fact , the term `` tennis '' referred to real tennis , not lawn tennis : for example , in Disraeli 's novel Sybil -LRB- 1845 -RRB- , Lord Eugene De Vere announces that he will `` go down to Hampton Court and play tennis . '' The rules of tennis have changed little since the 1890s . Two exceptions are that from 1908 to 1961 the server had to keep one foot on the ground at all times , and the adoption of the tiebreak in the 1970s . A recent addition to professional tennis has been the adoption of electronic review technology coupled with a point challenge system , which allows a player to contest the line call of a point , a system known as Hawk-Eye . Tennis is played by millions of recreational players and is also a popular worldwide spectator sport . The four Grand Slam tournaments -LRB- also referred to as the `` Majors '' -RRB- are especially popular : the Australian Open played on hard courts , the French Open played on red clay courts , Wimbledon played on grass courts , and the US Open played also on hard courts . | `` Tennis the Menace '' is the twelfth episode of the twelfth season of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 11 , 2001 . In the episode , the Simpsons build a tennis court in their backyard and are ridiculed by the entire town because of Homer 's inferior tennis ability . Homer therefore tries to please Marge by entering the two into a tournament , but they quickly turn into rivals when Marge replaces Homer with Bart as her partner . The episode features guest appearances from tennis professionals Andre Agassi , Pete Sampras , and sisters Venus and Serena Williams as themselves . `` Tennis the Menace '' was directed by Jen Kamerman and written by Ian Maxtone-Graham , who also directed the Williams sisters ' performance . The animators of The Simpsons experimented with digital ink and paint on `` Tennis the Menace '' , making it the second episode of the series to be animated using the process . `` Tennis the Menace '' has received generally positive reviews from critics with particular praise for its guest stars . Around eight million American homes tuned in to watch `` Tennis the Menace '' during its original airing , and in 2009 it was released on DVD along with the rest of the episodes of the twelfth season . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Duncan Jones directed a film that Ruth Negga appears in. | Ruth Negga -LRB- -LSB- ˈneɪgə -RSB- born 7 January 1982 -RRB- is an Ethiopian born Irish actress , who has appeared in the films Capital Letters -LRB- 2004 -RRB- -LRB- also released as Trafficked in some countries -RRB- , Isolation -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Breakfast on Pluto -LRB- 2005 -RRB- and Warcraft -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . She has also played roles in television , such as in the BBC 's mini-series Criminal Justice , RTÉ 's Love/Hate , E4 's Misfits , and ABC 's Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. . In 2016 , she began a starring role as Tulip O'Hare in AMC 's Preacher . For her portrayal of Mildred Loving in Loving -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , Negga was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress , Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama , Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead and Critics ' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress , as well as the BAFTA Rising Star Award . | For the alternative rock band from Dublin , Ireland see Mrnorth . Mr. North is a 1988 American comedy-drama film starring Anthony Edwards , based on the 1973 novel Theophilus North by Thornton Wilder . Directed by Danny Huston , the film became a family project ; produced by John Huston , it also stars Anjelica Huston , Danny 's future wife Virginia Madsen , and Allegra Huston . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Black Widow's real name is Nintendo. | Black Widow -LRB- Чёрная вдова , transliterated Chyornaya Vdova -RRB- -LRB- Natalia Alianovna `` Natasha '' Romanova , Russian : Наталья Альяновна '' Наташа '' Романова , also known as Natasha Romanoff -RRB- is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Created by editor and plotter Stan Lee , scripter Don Rico , and artist Don Heck , the character first appeared in Tales of Suspense No. 52 -LRB- April 1964 -RRB- . The character was first introduced as a Russian spy , an antagonist of the superhero Iron Man . She later defected to the United States , becoming an agent of the fictional spy agency S.H.I.E.L.D. , and a member of the superhero team the Avengers . Scarlett Johansson portrayed the character in the films Iron Man 2 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Avengers -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Captain America : The Winter Soldier -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- as a part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe franchise . | is a video game developed and published by Namco . It was released in Japan for the Family Computer on August 1 , 1986 , for the Virtual Console on March 20 , 2007 , for the Nintendo 3DS on September 4 , 2013 and for the Wii U on February 4 , 2015 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Wolfman features Anthony Hopkins and Benicio Del Toro. | The Wolfman is a 2010 American horror drama film and a remake of the 1941 film of the same name . The film is directed by Joe Johnston , with a screenplay by Andrew Kevin Walker and David Self , and creature make-up effects by Rick Baker and stars Benicio del Toro , Anthony Hopkins , Emily Blunt , Hugo Weaving , and Geraldine Chaplin . Baker and make-up effects supervisor Dave Elsey won the Academy Award for Best Makeup at the 83rd Academy Awards . Acclaimed director Mark Romanek was originally attached to direct the film but later dropped out due to creative differences and Joe Johnston was hired shortly after . The film was released in the United States on February 12 , 2010 , grossing $ 61 million domestically and $ 139 million worldwide against a $ 150 million budget . | Caveman is a 1981 American slapstick comedy film written and directed by Carl Gottlieb and starring Ringo Starr , Dennis Quaid , Shelley Long and Barbara Bach . The film has also gained a cult following . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Bachelor's companion show is The Bachelorette. | The Bachelorette is an American reality television dating game show that debuted on ABC on January 8 , 2003 . The show is a spin-off of The Bachelor aired on the same network . The first season featured Trista Rehn , the runner-up date from the first season of The Bachelor , offering the opportunity for Rehn to choose a husband among 25 bachelors . The 2004 season of The Bachelorette again took a runner-up from the previous season of The Bachelor . After last airing on February 28 , 2005 , the series returned to ABC during the spring of 2008 , following an absence of three years . | Keeping Up with the Kardashians -LRB- often abbreviated KUWTK -RRB- is an American reality television series that airs on the E! cable network . The show focuses on the personal and professional lives of the Kardashian -- Jenner blended family . Its premise originated with Ryan Seacrest , who also serves as an executive producer . The series debuted on October 14 , 2007 and has subsequently become one of the longest-running reality television series in the country ; the thirteenth season of the show premiered on March 12 , 2017 . The series focuses mainly on sisters Kim , Kourtney , Khloé Kardashian , and their half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner . It also features their parents Kris and Caitlyn Jenner -LRB- previously known as Bruce Jenner -RRB- , and brother Rob Kardashian . The significant others of the Kardashian sisters have also appeared on the show , including Kourtney 's boyfriend Scott Disick and Khloé 's ex-husband Lamar Odom . Caitlyn 's son Brody made cameo appearances in the early seasons before joining the show to appear regularly , along with his brother Brandon , and Brandon 's wife , Leah . Kim 's friend Jonathan Cheban and Khloé 's friend Malika Haqq have also been part of the show . Keeping Up with the Kardashians has received very poor critical reviews since its premiere . It is often criticized for the high degree of emphasis on the `` famous for being famous '' concept , and for appearing to fabricate some aspects of its storylines . Several critics also noted the show 's lack of intelligence , and described the family as `` self-absorbed '' and `` desperate '' for fame . However , some critics recognized the reality series as a `` guilty pleasure '' and acknowledged the family 's success . Despite the negative reviews , Keeping Up with the Kardashians has attracted high viewership ratings , becoming one of the network 's most successful shows and winning several audience awards . The series ' success has led additionally to the creation of numerous spin-off series , including : Kourtney and Kim Take Miami , Kourtney and Kim Take New York , Khloé & Lamar , Kourtney and Khloé Take The Hamptons , Dash Dolls , Rob & Chyna and soon , Life of Kylie . The network has also broadcast several television specials featuring special events involving members of the family . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The United States Congress lacks 435 Representatives. | The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers : the Senate and the House of Representatives . The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington , D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election , though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment . Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party , and only rarely to a third party or as independents . Congress has 535 voting members : 435 Representatives and 100 Senators . The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members . These members can , however , sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation . These members represent Washington , D.C. , Puerto Rico , American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands . The members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a single constituency , known as a `` district '' . Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results , provided that each state has at least one congressional representative . Each state , regardless of population or size , has two senators . Currently , there are 100 senators representing the 50 states . Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term , with terms staggered , so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election . | The House Judiciary Non-Civil Committee is a 14 member legislative body consisting of a chairman , a secretary , an ex officio , and 11 members . The Committee operates under a House mandate to evaluate legislation over Georgia 's criminal code , drug enforcement procedures , sentencing guidelines , and parole and pardons . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Eurojust is an agency that is also spelled capitalised as EUROJUST. | Eurojust -LRB- also spelled capitalised as EUROJUST -RRB- is an agency of the European Union -LRB- EU -RRB- dealing with judicial co-operation in criminal matters . The seat of Eurojust is in The Hague . Established in 2002 , it was created to improve handling of serious cross-border and organized crime by stimulating investigative and prosecutorial co-ordination among agencies of the EU Member States . Eurojust is composed of a College formed of 28 National Members -- experienced judges , prosecutors , or police officers of equivalent competence from each EU Member State . The terms and duties of the members are defined by the state that appoints them . Eurojust also co-operates with third states and other EU bodies such as the European Judicial Network , Europol , and OLAF . | The North -- South Centre , officially the European Centre for Global Interdependence and Solidarity , is a Partial Agreement -- of the Council of Europe , the oldest political organisation of European states . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Got a Girl was formed in the 21st century. | Got a Girl is an American musical duo consisting of actress Mary Elizabeth Winstead and music producer Dan the Automator that formed in 2012 . The band 's first studio album , I Love You but I Must Drive Off This Cliff Now was released in 2014 . | `` Little Girl '' is a popular song recorded by the California group the Syndicate of Sound , and written by Don Baskin and Bob Gonzalez of the band . It reached the US national pop charts in June 1966 , peaking at # 5 on Cash Box and # 8 on Billboard . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Split is a 2016 American film. | Split is a 2016 American psychological horror-thriller film written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan . The film stars James McAvoy , Anya Taylor-Joy , and Betty Buckley , and follows Kevin Wendell Crumb , a man with 23 different personalities who kidnaps and imprisons three teenage girls in an isolated underground facility . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2015 , in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . The film premiered at Fantastic Fest on September 26 , 2016 , and was released in the United States on January 20 , 2017 , by Universal Pictures . The film received general acclaim , with some critics labeling it a welcoming return for Shyamalan , and was a massive financial success , grossing $ 276 million worldwide on a budget of $ 9 million . The film is a sequel to the 2000 movie Unbreakable which was also written , produced and directed by M. Night Shaymalan . A sequel has been confirmed which will be titled Glass . | Division Films is a Los Angeles-based film finance and production company established by Wicks Walker in 2012 . The company 's first film was Spring Breakers starring James Franco , Selena Gomez , Vanessa Hudgens and Ashley Benson . Walker and another producer greenlit the production after Benoît Debie was recruited as cinematographer to work alongside director Harmony Korine and with Selena Gomez added to the cast . Spring Breakers was selected for competition in the 69th Venice Film Festival and released worldwide in 2013 . The company co-produced the two-film project , The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby , which stars Jessica Chastain , James McAvoy and William Hurt . The film was premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival , showed in the Cannes Film Festival and was released in 2014 by The Weinstein Company . Division also produced Last Days in the Desert , which stars Ewan McGregor in the role of Jesus Christ , along with Ayelet Zurer , Ciarán Hinds , and Tye Sheridan . The film was written and directed by Rodrigo Garcia , the son of Nobel Prize winning writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez , and photographed by Emmanuel Lubezki in the California desert . The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and was released worldwide in 2016 , with USA distribution handled by Broad Green Pictures . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Shraddha Kapoor is uninvolved with the Hindi language film industry. | Shraddha Kapoor -LRB- born 3 March 1987 -RRB- is an Indian actress and singer who is noted for her work in Bollywood films . The daughter of actor Shakti Kapoor , she began her acting career with a brief role in the 2010 heist film Teen Patti and followed it with her first leading role in the teen drama Luv Ka The End -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Kapoor gained wide recognition for playing a singer in the commercially successful romantic drama Aashiqui 2 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , for which she received several accolades including a Filmfare nomination for the Best Actress . The following year , she portrayed a character based on Ophelia in Vishal Bhardwaj 's critically acclaimed drama Haider -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , an adaptation of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Hamlet . She established herself as one of the high-profile actresses in Bollywood with starring roles in the romantic thriller Ek Villain -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , the dance drama ABCD 2 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , the action drama Baaghi -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and the romantic drama Half Girlfriend -LRB- 2017 -RRB- , all of which rank among her biggest commercial successes . In addition to acting in films , Kapoor has sung several of her film songs . She is the celebrity endorser for several brands and products , and in 2015 , she launched her own line of clothing . She participates in stage shows and concerts . Kapoor features in listings of the most attractive and popular celebrities in India . | Siddhanth Kapoor -LRB- born 6 July 1984 -RRB- is an Indian film actor who works in Bollywood films . The brother of actress Shraddha Kapoor , he started his career by working as an assistant director in various films such as the 2007 comedy horror Bhool Bhulaiya -- the 2006 comedy murder mystery Bhagam Bhag -- the 2006 comedy drama Chup Chup Ke and the 2007 comedy Dhol . He then started acting in Sanjay Gupta 's crime film Shootout at Wadala -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and later featured in Anurag Kashyap 's psychological thriller film Ugly -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Laura Dern performed in Wild. | Laura Elizabeth Dern -LRB- born February 10 , 1967 -RRB- is an American actress . For her performance in the 1991 film Rambling Rose , she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress , while for her performance in the 2014 film Wild , she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . Her other film roles include Mask -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , Smooth Talk -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , Blue Velvet -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Wild at Heart -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Jurassic Park -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , Citizen Ruth -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , October Sky -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , I Am Sam -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Inland Empire -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , The Master -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , The Fault in Our Stars -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and Star Wars : The Last Jedi -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Dern won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Miniseries or Television Film for the 1992 film Afterburn , and guest starred in the 1997 `` Puppy Episode '' of the sitcom Ellen . She went on to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television for her portrayal of Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris in the 2008 TV film Recount , and the 2012 Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Musical or Comedy Series for her role as Amy Jellicoe in HBO 's Enlightened -LRB- 2011 -- 13 -RRB- . She is known for her collaborations with filmmaker David Lynch , having appeared in three of his films and the revival of Twin Peaks . | The Gift is a 30-minute made-for-television movie directed by Laura Dern and starring Jason Adelman , Bonnie Bedelia , Peter Horton , Diane Ladd , Isabella Rossellini and Mary Steenburgen . It is about a woman trying to cope with the prospect of breaking up with her longtime partner and moving on with her life . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Dragon Ball has been made into figures. | is a Japanese media franchise created by Akira Toriyama . The initial manga , written and illustrated by Toriyama , was serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1984 to 1995 , with the 519 individual chapters collected into 42 tankōbon volumes by its publisher Shueisha . Dragon Ball was initially inspired by the classical Chinese novel Journey to the West . The series follows the adventures of the protagonist , Son Goku , from his childhood through adulthood as he trains in martial arts and explores the world in search of the seven orbs known as the Dragon Balls , which summon a wish-granting dragon when gathered . Along his journey , Goku makes several friends and battles a wide variety of villains , many of whom also seek the Dragon Balls . The Dragon Ball manga has been adapted into two anime series produced by Toei Animation : Dragon Ball and Dragon Ball Z , which together were broadcast in Japan from 1986 to 1996 . Additionally , the studio has developed 19 animated feature films and three television specials , as well as two anime sequel series titled Dragon Ball GT -LRB- 1996 -- 1997 -RRB- and Dragon Ball Super -LRB- 2015 -- present -RRB- . From 2009 to 2015 , a revised , faster-paced version of Dragon Ball Z aired in Japan under the title Dragon Ball Kai , in which most of the original version 's footage not featured in the manga is removed . Several companies have developed various types of merchandising based on the series leading to a large media franchise that includes films , both animated and live-action , collectible trading card games , numerous action figures , along with several collections of soundtracks and a large number of video games . As of November 2014 , the franchise generated $ 5 billion in merchandise , making Dragon Ball one of the most merchandisable anime based media franchises of all time . Since its release , Dragon Ball has become one of the most successful manga and anime series of all time . The manga 's 42 volumes have sold over 156 million copies in Japan and more than 240 million copies worldwide , making it the third best-selling manga series in history . Reviewers have praised the art , characterization , and humor of the story . It is widely regarded as one of the greatest manga series ever made , with many manga artists citing Dragon Ball as a source of inspiration for their own now popular works . The anime , particularly Dragon Ball Z , is also highly popular in various countries and was arguably one of the most influential in boosting the popularity of Japanese animation in Western culture . | is a Japanese pro-wrestling-themed tokusatsu/anime superhero television series produced by Tsuburaya Productions , and created by Go Nagai and Ken Ishikawa . Nagai and Ishikawa created three manga series , simply named , published in different magazines by Shogakukan . None of them are related between them or the TV show . They were compiled in a single tankōbon in 1978 -LRB- Futabasha -RRB- , 1986 -LRB- Asahi Sonorama -RRB- and 2001 -LRB- Futabasha -RRB- . This primarily live-action series is unique , in that , during each climactic battle with the weekly demonic menace , the titular wrestling superhero is able to transform his entire live-action surroundings into anime footage , enabling him to perform superhuman wrestling techniques that are otherwise impossible to perform in live-action . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Prometheus cast Idris Elba. | Idrissa Akuna `` Idris '' Elba , -LRB- -LSB- ˈɪdrᵻs_ˈɛlbə -RSB- born 6 September 1972 -RRB- is an English actor , musician , and DJ . He is known for playing druglord Russell `` Stringer '' Bell on the HBO series The Wire , Detective John Luther on the BBC One series Luther , and Nelson Mandela in the biographical film Mandela : Long Walk to Freedom -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . He has been nominated four times for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Miniseries or Television Film , winning one , and was nominated five times for a Primetime Emmy Award . Elba has appeared in films such as Ridley Scott 's American Gangster -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Takers -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Thor -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Prometheus -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Pacific Rim -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Thor : The Dark World -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Beasts of No Nation -LRB- 2015 , for which he received BAFTA and Golden Globe nominations for Best Supporting Actor -RRB- , and Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . In 2016 , he also voiced Chief Bogo in Zootopia , Shere Khan in The Jungle Book , and Fluke in Finding Dory . He will make his directorial debut with an adaptation of 1992 novel Yardie by Victor Headley . In addition to his acting work , Elba is a DJ under the moniker DJ Big Driis -LRB- or Big Driis the Londoner -RRB- and hip hop soul musician . In 2016 , he was named in the Time 100 list of the Most Influential People in the World . | Edward Allen `` Ed '' Harris -LRB- born November 28 , 1950 -RRB- is an American actor , producer , director , and screenwriter . He is known for his performances in films such as The Right Stuff -LRB- 1983 -RRB- , The Abyss -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Glengarry Glen Ross -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Nixon -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , The Rock -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , Absolute Power -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , A Beautiful Mind -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Enemy at the Gates -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Radio -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , A History of Violence -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Gone Baby Gone -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , The Way Back -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Man on a Ledge -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Gravity -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Snowpiercer -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and Run All Night -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . Harris currently stars in the HBO sci-fi drama series Westworld , as well as Alejandro G. Iñárritu 's upcoming Starz drama series The One Percent . Harris is a three-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performances in Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , The Truman Show -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , and The Hours -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for playing artist Jackson Pollock in his directorial debut Pollock -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . He also won a Golden Globe Award for playing Senator John McCain in Game Change -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . In 2015 , Harris received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Maternity leave is a service that Slovakia provides to its citizens. | Slovakia -LRB- listen -RRB- , is a landlocked country in Central Europe . It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west , Poland to the north , Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south . Slovakia 's territory spans about 49000 km2 and is mostly mountainous . The population is over 5 million and comprises mostly ethnic Slovaks . The capital and largest city is Bratislava . The official language is Slovak . The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the 5th and 6th centuries . In the 7th century , they played a significant role in the creation of Samo 's Empire and in the 9th century established the Principality of Nitra . In the 10th century , the territory was integrated into the Kingdom of Hungary , which itself became part of the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire . After World War I and the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , the Slovaks and Czechs established Czechoslovakia . A separate -LRB- First -RRB- Slovak Republic -LRB- 1939 -- 1945 -RRB- existed in World War II as a client state of Nazi Germany . In 1945 , Czechoslovakia was re-established under Communist rule as a Soviet satellite . In 1989 the Velvet Revolution ended authoritarian Communist rule in Czechoslovakia . Slovakia became an independent state on 1 January 1993 after the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia , sometimes known as the Velvet Divorce . Slovakia is a high-income advanced economy with a very high Human Development Index , a very high standard of living and performs favourably in measurements of civil liberties , press freedom , internet freedom , democratic governance and peacefulness . The country maintains a combination of market economy with a comprehensive social security system . Citizens of Slovakia are provided with universal health care , free education and one of the longest paid maternity leave in the OECD . The country joined the European Union in 2004 and the Eurozone on 1 January 2009 . Slovakia is also a member of the Schengen Area , NATO , the United Nations , the OECD , the WTO , CERN , the OSCE , the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group . The Slovak economy is one of the fastest growing economies in Europe and 3rd fastest in eurozone . Its legal tender , the Euro , is the world 's 2nd most traded currency . Although regional income inequality is high , 90 % of citizens own their homes . In 2016 , Slovak citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 165 countries and territories , ranking the Slovak passport 11th in the world . Slovakia is the world 's largest per-capita car producer with a total of 1,040,000 cars manufactured in the country in 2016 alone and the 7th largest car producer in the European Union . The car industry represents 43 % of Slovakia 's industrial output , and a quarter of its exports . | Remembrance Days in Slovakia are working days . For Public holidays in Slovakia see National holidays in Slovakia . Category : Slovak society Category : Slovak culture |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The youngest of Cronus and Rhea's children is Zeus. | Zeus -LSB- ˈzju : s -RSB- -LRB- Ζεύς , Zeús , -LSB- zdeǔ̯s -RSB- Modern Δίας , Días -LSB- ˈði.as -RSB- -RRB- is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion , who ruled as king of the gods of Mount Olympus . His name is cognate with the first element of his Roman equivalent Jupiter . His mythologies and powers are similar , though not identical , to those of the Indo-European deities such as Indra , Jupiter , Perun , Thor , and Odin . Zeus is the child of Cronus and Rhea , the youngest of his siblings to be born , though sometimes reckoned the eldest as the others required disgorging from Cronus 's stomach . In most traditions , he is married to Hera , by whom he is usually said to have fathered Ares , Hebe , and Hephaestus . At the oracle of Dodona , his consort was said to be Dione , by whom the Iliad states that he fathered Aphrodite . Zeus was also infamous for his erotic escapades . These resulted in many godly and heroic offspring , including Athena , Apollo , Artemis , Hermes , Persephone , Dionysus , Perseus , Heracles , Helen of Troy , Minos , and the Muses . He was respected as an allfather who was chief of the gods and assigned the others to their roles : `` Even the gods who are not his natural children address him as Father , and all the gods rise in his presence . '' He was equated with many foreign weather gods , permitting Pausanias to observe `` That Zeus is king in heaven is a saying common to all men '' . Zeus ' symbols are the thunderbolt , eagle , bull , and oak . In addition to his Indo-European inheritance , the classical `` cloud-gatherer '' -LRB- Greek : Νεφεληγερέτα , Nephelēgereta -RRB- also derives certain iconographic traits from the cultures of the ancient Near East , such as the scepter . Zeus is frequently depicted by Greek artists in one of two poses : standing , striding forward with a thunderbolt leveled in his raised right hand , or seated in majesty . | In Greek mythology , Xuthus -LRB- -LSB- ˈzuːθəs -RSB- or -LSB- ˈzjuːθəs -RSB- Ξοῦθος Xouthos -RRB- was a king of Peloponnesus and founder -LRB- through his sons -RRB- of the Achaean and Ionian nations . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Kuala Lumpur is irrelevant to Malaysia's economy. | Kuala Lumpur -LRB- -LSB- ˈkwɑːlə ˈlʊmpʊə -RSB- or -LSB- - pər -RSB- -LSB- ˈkwalə ˈlumpʊr -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur , or more commonly KL , is the national capital of Malaysia as well as its largest city . The only alpha world city in Malaysia , it covers an area of 243 km2 and has an estimated population of 1.73 million . Greater Kuala Lumpur , also known as the Klang Valley , is an urban agglomeration of 7.25 million people . It is among the fastest growing metropolitan regions in South-East Asia , in both population and economic development . Kuala Lumpur is the cultural , financial and economic centre of Malaysia , home to the Parliament of Malaysia , and the official residence of the Malaysian King , the Istana Negara . The city once held the headquarters of the executive and judicial branches of the federal government as well , but they were moved to Putrajaya in early 1999 . Some sections of the judiciary still remain in Kuala Lumpur . Kuala Lumpur is one of three Federal Territories of Malaysia , enclaved within the state of Selangor , on the central west coast of Peninsular Malaysia . Since the 1990s , the city has played host to many international sporting , political and cultural events including the 1998 Commonwealth Games and the Formula One Grand Prix . Kuala Lumpur has undergone rapid development in recent decades . It is home to the tallest twin buildings in the world , the Petronas Twin Towers , which have become an iconic symbol of Malaysia 's futuristic development . | The Kuala Lumpur City Hall -LRB- Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur , abbreviated DBKL -RRB- is the city council which administers the city of Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia . This council was established after the city was officially granted city status on 1 February 1972 . Their jurisdiction covers an area of 243 square kilometres . The council consists of the mayor plus fifteen members of the city advisory board appointed to serve a one-year term by the Minister of Federal Territories . The current mayor of Kuala Lumpur is Mhd Amin Nordin Abdul Aziz , who has been in office since 18 July 2015 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Giancarlo Stanton did not graduate from Notre Dame High School. | Giancarlo Cruz Michael Stanton -LRB- born November 8 , 1989 -RRB- is an American professional baseball left fielder and right fielder for the Miami Marlins of Major League Baseball -LRB- MLB -RRB- . Prior to 2012 , he was known as Mike Stanton . Stanton graduated from Notre Dame High School , before he was selected by the Marlins in the 2007 MLB draft . Stanton made his MLB debut with the Marlins in June 2010 . He is a three-time MLB All-Star and was the Hank Aaron Award winner for the National League in 2014 after leading the league in home runs . In November 2014 , the Marlins signed Stanton to the richest contract in sports history , worth $ 325 million over 13 years . | Notre Dame High School -LRB- NDHS -RRB- in Sherman Oaks , Los Angeles , California , is a co-ed Catholic college preparatory high school founded by the Congregation of Holy Cross in 1947 . Located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles , Notre Dame is known for a college-prep academic program , championship athletics , and fine arts program . NDHS has been honored by the United States Department of Education Blue Ribbon Schools Program and is known for its academic program , band , and football , baseball and cross country teams . Its newspaper is The Knight , a member of the High School National Ad Network . Notre Dame was founded as an all-male school , and became a co-educational school in the 1982 -- 1983 school year . The Class of 1986 is the first graduating class to include females . The Class of 1987 included the first full-term -LRB- 4-year -RRB- female students . Notre Dame High School was used as a backdrop in episode 27 , `` Log 15 : Exactly One Hundred Yards '' , of the NBC police series Adam-12 , which aired on September 20 , 1969 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.New Girl's star actress is Zooey Deschanel. | New Girl is an American sitcom television series that premiered on Fox on September 20 , 2011 . Developed by Elizabeth Meriwether under the working title Chicks & Dicks , the series revolves around a kooky teacher Jess -LRB- Zooey Deschanel -RRB- after she moves into a Los Angeles loft with three men , Nick -LRB- Jake Johnson -RRB- , Schmidt -LRB- Max Greenfield -RRB- , and Winston -LRB- Lamorne Morris -RRB- ; Jess ' best friend Cece -LRB- Hannah Simone -RRB- and on-again-off-again loft mate Coach -LRB- Damon Wayans Jr. -RRB- also appear regularly . The show combines comedy and drama elements as the characters , who are in their early thirties , deal with maturing relationships and career choices . The sixth season premiered on September 20 , 2016 . Produced in Los Angeles as a single-camera comedy , New Girl is an ensemble show aimed at a general audience . Most episodes are anchored around Jess , who according to series creator , Meriwether , would have played a side character on other shows . The show 's first marketing push was on Zooey Deschanel and the promotional tagline `` Simply Adorkable '' , a portmanteau of `` adorable '' and `` dork '' . The producers rejected early criticism of Jess ' girlishness , insisting that Jess was not meant to be emblematic of all women . Instead , they aim to portray realistic , emotionally driven characters , and to approach the show from that angle rather than simply firing off punchlines . New Girl has received favorable responses from critics , who named the show one of the best new comedies of the 2011 fall season . The pilot episode drew 10.28 million U.S. viewers and a 4.8 adults 18 -- 49 demo rating , making it the highest-rated fall debut for a Fox scripted show since 2001 . Particular praise has been given to the performances of Deschanel , Greenfield , Johnson and Morris . Max Greenfield was considered the show 's breakout star in season 1 , before critics named Jake Johnson the breakout star of season 2 . The show has been nominated for several awards , including five Golden Globe Awards and five Primetime Emmy Awards . On May 14 , 2017 , FOX renewed the series for a seventh , and final season consisting of eight episodes . | Leslie Louise Bibb -LRB- born November 17 , 1974 -RRB- is an American actress and model . Bibb transitioned into film and television during the late 1990s . She played minor roles in a few television series before making her film debut in the Howard Stern biopic Private Parts . She scored her first recurring role in the TV show The Big Easy , followed by a film role in This Space Between Us . Bibb 's role as Brooke McQueen on the WB Network dramedy series Popular -LRB- 1999 -- 2001 -RRB- brought her to the attention of a wider audience ; she received a Teen Choice Award for Television Choice Actress for the role . During breaks in filming the series , she also played notable roles in the films The Skulls and See Spot Run . She had a recurring role in ER , Line of Fire , Crossing Jordan , and the lead in GCB . Bibb appeared as Carley Bobby in the Will Ferrell comedy film Talladega Nights : The Ballad of Ricky Bobby , followed by supporting roles in the films Iron Man , Law Abiding Citizen and Zookeeper . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.All My Children was created by an American born in 1917. | All My Children -LRB- often shortened to AMC -RRB- is an American television soap opera that aired on ABC for 41 years , from January 5 , 1970 , to September 23 , 2011 , and on The Online Network -LRB- TOLN -RRB- from April 29 to September 2 , 2013 , via Hulu , Hulu Plus , and iTunes . Created by Agnes Nixon , All My Children is set in Pine Valley , Pennsylvania , a fictional suburb of Philadelphia , which is modeled on the actual Philadelphia suburb of Rosemont . The original series featured Susan Lucci as Erica Kane , one of daytime 's most popular characters . The title of the series refers to the bonds of humanity . All My Children was the first new network daytime drama to debut in the 1970s . Originally owned by Creative Horizons , Inc. , the company created by Nixon and her husband , Bob , the show was sold to ABC in January 1975 . The series started at a half-hour in per-installment length , then was expanded to a full hour on April 25 , 1977 . Earlier , the show had experimented with the full-hour format for one week starting on June 30 , 1975 , after which Ryan 's Hope premiered . From 1970 to 1990 , All My Children was recorded at ABC 's TV18 at 101 West 67th St , now a 50-story apartment tower . From March 1990 to December 2009 , it was taped at ABC 's Studio TV23 at 320 West 66th Street in Manhattan , New York City , New York . In December 2009 , the locale for taping the series moved from Manhattan to less costly Los Angeles , California . The show was then produced in Stages 1 and 2 at the Andrita Studios in Los Angeles , California , from 2010 to 2011 , and then at the Connecticut Film Center in Stamford , Connecticut . All My Children started taping in high definition on January 4 , 2010 , and began airing in high definition on February 3 , 2010 . All My Children became the third soap opera to be produced and broadcast in high definition . At one point , the program 's popularity positioned it as the most widely recorded television show in the United States . Also , in a departure from societal norms at the time , All My Children , in the mid-1970s , had an audience that was estimated to be 30 % male . The show ranked No. 1 in the daytime Nielsen ratings in the 1978 -- 79 season . Throughout most of the 1980s and into the early 1990s , All My Children was the No. 2 daytime soap opera on the air . However , like the rest of the soap operas in the United States , All My Children experienced unprecedented declines in its daytime ratings during the 2000s . By the 2010s , it had become one of the least watched soap operas in daytime television . On April 14 , 2011 , it was announced that ABC canceled All My Children after 41 years on the air due to low ratings . On July 7 , 2011 , ABC sold the licensing rights of All My Children to third-party production company Prospect Park with the show set to continue on the internet as a series of webisodes . The show taped its final scenes for ABC on August 30 , 2011 , and its final episode on the network aired on September 23 , 2011 , with a cliffhanger . On September 26 , 2011 , the following Monday , ABC replaced All My Children with a newly debuted talk show The Chew . Prospect Park had suspended its plan to revive the series on November 23 , 2011 , due to lack of funding and unsuccessful negotiation with the union organizations representing the actors and crews . On January 7 , 2013 , Prospect Park officially brought back its project to restore All My Children as a web series . The show taped its first scenes for Prospect Park TOLN on February 18 , 2013 , and its first episode on the network aired on April 29 , 2013 . However , the new series faced several behind-the-scene obstacles throughout its run . On November 11 , 2013 , several All My Children cast members announced that Prospect Park had closed production and canceled the series again . ABC regained the rights to the show in December 2016 . | Mine All Mine is a British television series produced by Red Production Company for ITV . It was written by Russell T Davies and starred Griff Rhys Jones . The story takes place in Swansea , Wales . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.University of Oxford is a book. | The University of Oxford -LRB- informally Oxford University or simply Oxford -RRB- is a collegiate research university located in Oxford , England . It has no known date of foundation , but there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096 , making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world 's second-oldest university in continuous operation . It is one of the world 's most prestigious universities . It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris . After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209 , some academics fled north-east to Cambridge where they established what became the University of Cambridge . The two `` ancient universities '' are frequently jointly referred to as `` Oxbridge '' . The university is made up of a variety of institutions , including 38 constituent colleges and a full range of academic departments which are organised into four divisions . All the colleges are self-governing institutions within the university , each controlling its own membership and with its own internal structure and activities . Being a city university , it does not have a main campus ; instead , its buildings and facilities are scattered throughout the city centre . Most undergraduate teaching at Oxford is organised around weekly tutorials at the colleges and halls , supported by classes , lectures and laboratory work provided by university faculties and departments . Oxford is the home of the Rhodes Scholarship , one of the world 's oldest and most prestigious scholarships , which has brought graduate students to study at the university for more than a century . The university operates the world 's oldest university museum , as well as the largest university press in the world and the largest academic library system in Britain . Oxford has educated many notable alumni , including 28 Nobel laureates , 27 Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom , and many heads of state and government around the world . | The Museum of Oxford is a history museum in Oxford , England , covering the history of the City and University of Oxford . The displays include original artefacts , treasures from Oxford colleges and period room reconstructions , from prehistoric times onwards . The museum is located in the front of the Town Hall on St Aldate 's , to the south of Carfax , the centre of Oxford . The museum was opened in 1975 in the former premises of the Oxford Public Library . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Greyson Chance is a person. | Greyson Michael Chance -LRB- born August 16 , 1997 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , and pianist . His April 2010 performance of Lady Gaga 's `` Paparazzi '' at a sixth-grade music festival went viral on YouTube , gaining widespread attention and over 59 million views as of May 2017 , as well as an appearance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show shortly afterward . Two of his original compositions , `` Stars '' and `` Broken Hearts '' , gained over six and eight million views respectively on his YouTube channel . His debut single , `` Waiting Outside the Lines '' , was released in October 2010 . Chance 's debut album , Hold On 'Til the Night , was released on August 2 , 2011 . Chance released his second EP , Somewhere Over My Head , on May 13 , 2016 . The lead single , `` Afterlife '' , was released in October 2015 , followed by `` Hit and Run '' and `` Back On the Wall '' in February and April 2016 respectively . | Olivia Juliet Bridget Chance -LRB- born 5 October 1993 -RRB- , is an association football player who plays for Breiðablik in the Úrvalsdeild and has represented New Zealand at international level . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Django Unchained was nominated for several film industry awards, including five Academy Awards. | Django Unchained is a 2012 American revisionist Western film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino , starring Jamie Foxx , Christoph Waltz , Leonardo DiCaprio , Kerry Washington , and Samuel L. Jackson , with Walton Goggins , Dennis Christopher , James Remar , Michael Parks , and Don Johnson in supporting roles . Set in the Old West and Antebellum South , it is a highly stylized tribute to Spaghetti Westerns , in particular the 1966 Italian film Django by Sergio Corbucci , whose star Franco Nero has a cameo appearance . Development of Django Unchained began in 2007 when Tarantino was writing a book on Sergio Corbucci . By April 2011 , Tarantino sent his final draft of the script to The Weinstein Company . Casting began in the summer of 2011 , with Michael K. Williams and Will Smith being considered for the role of the title character before Foxx was cast . Principal photography took place from November 2011 to March 2012 in California , Wyoming and Louisiana . Django Unchained premiered at the Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City on December 11 , 2012 , and was released on December 25 , 2012 in the United States . The film was nominated for several film industry awards , including five Academy Awards . Waltz won several awards for his performance , among them Best Supporting Actor at the Golden Globes , BAFTAs , and Academy Awards . Tarantino won an Academy Award , a Golden Globe , and a BAFTA award for writing the film 's original screenplay . The film grossed over $ 425 million worldwide in theaters against its $ 100 million budget , making it Tarantino 's highest-grossing theatrical release . | Ludacris is a three-time Grammy Award-winning American rapper and actor from Atlanta , Georgia . He has released eight studio albums , all which have been released on the Def Jam Recordings record label : Back for the First Time -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Word of Mouf -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Chicken-n-Beer -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Red Light District -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Release Therapy -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Theater of the Mind -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Battle of the Sexes -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Ludaversal -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . His first five albums have all achieved multi-platinum status , and his next 2 albums achieved gold status . In addition , he has 4 albums that peaked at number one on the Billboard 200 charts . Ludacris has received seventeen Grammy Award nominations , and has won three : `` Best Rap/Sung Collaboration '' for the song `` Yeah ! '' in 2005 , and both `` Best Rap Song '' for `` Money Maker '' and `` Best Rap Album '' for the album Release Therapy in 2007 . He has also received twelve nominations from the BET Awards , winning two : `` Viewer 's Choice '' for `` Yeah ! '' in 2004 and `` Best Collaboration '' for `` Runaway Love '' in 2007 . Ludacris has also acted in several films ; the Screen Actors Guild presented him the award for `` Outstanding Cast in a Motion Picture '' for his performance in the film Crash . Overall , Ludacris has received 12 awards from 41 nominations . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lisbon has a population of 552,700. | Lisbon -LRB- -LSB- ˈlɪzbən -RSB- Lisboa , -LSB- liʒˈβoɐ -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and the largest city of Portugal , with a population of 552,700 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km ² . Its urban area extends beyond the city 's administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people , being the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union . About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area -LRB- which represents approximately 27 % of the country 's population -RRB- . It is continental Europe 's westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast . Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus . The westernmost areas of its metro area is the westernmost point of Continental Europe . Lisbon is recognised as a global city because of its importance in finance , commerce , media , entertainment , arts , international trade , education and tourism . It is one of the major economic centres on the continent , with a growing financial sector and one of the largest container ports on Europe 's Atlantic coast . Humberto Delgado Airport serves over 20 million passengers annually , as of 2015 , and the motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular link the main cities of Portugal . The city is the 7th-most-visited city in Southern Europe , after Istanbul , Rome , Barcelona , Madrid , Athens and Milan , with 1,740,000 tourists in 2009 . The Lisbon region contributes with a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal . It 's GDP amounts to 96.3 billion USD and thus $ 32,434 per capita , 40 % higher than the average European Union 's GDP per capita . The city occupies 32nd place of highest gross earnings in the world . Most of the headquarters of multinationals in the country are located in the Lisbon area . It is also the political centre of the country , as its seat of Government and residence of the Head of State . Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world , and the oldest in Western Europe , predating other modern European capitals such as London , Paris and Rome by centuries . Julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia , adding to the name Olissipo . Ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century , it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century . In 1147 , the Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city and since then it has been a major political , economic and cultural centre of Portugal . Unlike most capital cities , Lisbon 's status as the capital of Portugal has never been granted or confirmed officially -- by statute or in written form . Its position as the capital has formed through constitutional convention , making its position as de facto capital a part of the Constitution of Portugal . Lisbon enjoys a Mediterranean climate . It has one of the warmest winters of any metropolis in Europe , with average temperatures 15 ° C during the day and 8 ° C at night from December to February . The typical summer season lasts about four months , from June to September , although also in April temperatures sometimes reach around 25 ° C. | Pena is a former parish -LRB- freguesia -RRB- in the municipality of Lisbon , Portugal . At the administrative reorganization of Lisbon on 8 December 2012 it became part of the parish Arroios . In 2001 , the population of the district included 6038 residents , in an area of 0.5 km ² , representing a highly compact population . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Flash is an Indian television series. | The Flash is a 1990 American television series developed by the writing team of Danny Bilson and Paul De Meo that aired on CBS . It is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash , a costumed superhero crime-fighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds . The Flash starred John Wesley Shipp as Allen , along with Amanda Pays , Alex Désert , and Paula Marshall . It was the first-ever live-action portrayal of the DC superhero . | Aladdin - Jaanbaaz Ek Jalwe Anek is an Indian Hindi-language television series that was aired on Zee TV between 16 November 2007 and 21 March 2009 , based on the story of Aladdin , a character from The Arabian Nights . The series was produced by Applause Entertainment , a television production company owned by the Aditya Birla Group Corporation . The series is developed as a family entertainer , and contains computer generated graphics - a thing seldom seen in an Indian TV series . Besides , the series ' transcript is in Tamil , Hindi and Urdu languages . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Howard Hughes set multiple air speed records. | Howard Robard Hughes Jr. -LRB- December 24 , 1905 -- April 5 , 1976 -RRB- was an American businessman , investor , pilot , film director , and philanthropist , known during his lifetime as one of the most financially successful individuals in the world . He first made a name for himself as a film producer , and then became an influential figure in the aviation industry . Later in life , he became known for his eccentric behavior and reclusive lifestyle -- oddities that were caused in part by a worsening obsessive -- compulsive disorder -LRB- OCD -RRB- and chronic pain from a plane crash . As a maverick film tycoon , Hughes gained prominence in Hollywood beginning in the late 1920s , when he produced big-budget and often controversial films like The Racket -LRB- 1928 -RRB- , Hell 's Angels -LRB- 1930 -RRB- , and Scarface -LRB- 1932 -RRB- . Later he controlled the RKO film studio . Hughes formed the Hughes Aircraft Company in 1932 , hiring numerous engineers and designers . He spent the rest of the 1930s setting multiple world air speed records and building the Hughes H-1 Racer and H-4 Hercules -LRB- the `` Spruce Goose '' -RRB- . He acquired and expanded Trans World Airlines and later acquired Air West , renaming it Hughes Airwest . Hughes was included in Flying Magazine 's list of the 51 Heroes of Aviation , ranked at 25 . Today , his legacy is maintained through the Howard Hughes Medical Institute . | The Sunbeam 1000 HP Mystery , or `` The Slug '' , is a land speed record-breaking car built by the Sunbeam car company of Wolverhampton that was powered by two aircraft engines . It was the first car to travel at over 200 mph . The car 's last run was a demonstration circuit at Brooklands , running at slow speed on only one engine . It is today on display The National Motor Museum , Beaulieu . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.James Mangold is the director of a 2017 American superhero movie. | James Mangold -LRB- born December 16 , 1963 -RRB- is an American film and television director , screenwriter and producer . Films he has directed include Walk the Line , which he also co-wrote ; The Wolverine ; Logan ; Cop Land ; Girl , Interrupted ; Knight and Day ; and the 2007 remake 3:10 to Yuma . He also produced and directed pilots for the television series Men in Trees -LRB- which ran from 2006 to 2008 -RRB- NYC 22 -LRB- 2011 -- 2012 -RRB- and Vegas -LRB- 2012 -- 2013 -RRB- . | The untitled Avengers film is an upcoming American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It is intended to be the direct sequel to 2018 's Avengers : Infinity War , as well as the sequel to 2012 's Marvel 's The Avengers and 2015 's Avengers : Age of Ultron and the twenty-second film installment in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- . The film is directed by Anthony and Joe Russo , with a screenplay by Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely , and features an ensemble cast that includes Robert Downey , Jr. , Josh Brolin , Mark Ruffalo , Tom Hiddleston , Chris Evans , Chris Hemsworth , Jeremy Renner , Chris Pratt , Elizabeth Olsen , Benedict Cumberbatch , Samuel L. Jackson , Evangeline Lilly , Karen Gillan , Anthony Mackie , Tom Holland , and Zoe Saldana . The film was announced in October 2014 as Avengers : Infinity War -- Part 2 . The Russo brothers came on board to direct in April 2015 and by May , Markus and McFeely signed on to script the film . In July 2016 , Marvel removed the film 's title , referring to it simply as Untitled Avengers film . Filming is scheduled to begin in August 2017 , shooting back-to-back with Avengers : Infinity War after the completion of that film . The untitled Avengers film is scheduled to be released on May 3 , 2019 , in IMAX . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Fate of the Furious was the highest grossing film in 2017. | The Fate of the Furious -LRB- alternatively known as Fast & Furious 8 and Fast 8 , and often stylized as F8 -RRB- is a 2017 American action film directed by F. Gary Gray and written by Chris Morgan . It is the eighth installment in The Fast and the Furious franchise . The film stars Vin Diesel , Dwayne Johnson , Jason Statham , Michelle Rodriguez , Tyrese Gibson , Chris ` Ludacris ' Bridges , Scott Eastwood , Nathalie Emmanuel , Elsa Pataky , Kurt Russell and Charlize Theron . The Fate of the Furious follows Dominic Toretto -LRB- Diesel -RRB- , who has settled down with his wife Letty -LRB- Rodriguez -RRB- , until cyberterrorist Cipher -LRB- Theron -RRB- coerces him into working for her and turns him against his team , forcing them to find Dom and take down Cipher . The Fate of the Furious marks the first installment in the franchise since The Fast and the Furious : Tokyo Drift -LRB- 2006 -RRB- not to star both Paul Walker , who died in a single-vehicle crash on November 30 , 2013 while filming Furious 7 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Jordana Brewster ; following script rewrites to the seventh installment after Walker 's death which completed the story arcs for both of their characters -LRB- Brian O'Conner and Mia Toretto , respectively -RRB- , both characters were retired . Plans for an eighth installment were first announced in March 2015 when Diesel appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! and announced that the film would be set in New York City . Preparations for the film began immediately after the release of Furious 7 , with Diesel , Morgan and producer Neal H. Moritz re-signing . After setting an initial release date in the same month , casting took place between April and June 2015 . In October 2015 , Gray was announced to direct the film in the place of James Wan , who had directed the previous installment . Principal photography began in March 2016 in locations such as Mývatn , Havana , Atlanta , Cleveland and New York City , continuing the franchise 's tradition of filming in exotic locations around the world . The Fate of the Furious premiered on April 4 , 2017 in Berlin , and was theatrically released in the United States on April 14 , 2017 , playing in 3D , IMAX 3D and 4DX internationally . The film received mixed reviews from critics , who praised the action sequences and performances , while criticizing the storyline . The film has grossed over $ 1.2 billion worldwide , making it the thirtieth film -LRB- and the second in the franchise , after Furious 7 -RRB- to gross over $ 1 billion , the second highest-grossing film of 2017 and the eleventh highest-grossing film of all time . The film grossed $ 532 million worldwide during its opening weekend , setting the record for the highest-grossing opening of all time , ahead of Star Wars : The Force Awakens -LRB- $ 529 million -RRB- . A sequel is scheduled to be released on April 19 , 2019 . | 300 Rise of an Empire is a 2014 American epic historical fantasy war film directed by Noam Murro . It is a follow-up to the 2007 film 300 , taking place before , during and after the main events of that film and based on the Battle of Artemisium and the Battle of Salamis . It is based on the as-yet-unreleased Frank Miller graphic novel Xerxes . Zack Snyder , who directed and co-wrote the original film , acts as writer and producer on Rise of an Empire . The cast includes Lena Headey , Peter Mensah , David Wenham , Andrew Tiernan , Andrew Pleavin , and Rodrigo Santoro reprising their roles from the first film , alongside Sullivan Stapleton , Eva Green , Hans Matheson , and Callan Mulvey . It was released in 3D and IMAX 3D on March 7 , 2014 . The film 's score was composed by Junkie XL . The film was released to mixed reviews , with critics praising the action sequences and Green 's performance but criticizing the story and overstylized gore . It grossed over $ 337 million worldwide from a $ 110 million budget . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Holiday: A Soldier Is Never Off Duty is from 2014. | Holiday : A Soldier Is Never Off Duty is a 2014 Indian action thriller film written and directed by A. R. Murugadoss , and produced by Vipul Shah . It features Akshay Kumar and Sonakshi Sinha in the lead roles , along with Farhad as the antagonist in his Bollywood debut and Govinda in a special appearance . It is a remake of Murugadoss ' own acclaimed Tamil film Thuppakki -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . The film released on 6 June 2014 , becoming the biggest net grosser of the first half of 2014 . Akshay Kumar was nominated Filmfare Award for Best Actor at 60th Filmfare Awards . | Holiday was a long-running UK television programme , which aired mainly on BBC One , sometimes airing on BBC Two . It was the oldest travel review series on UK television , showing every year from 1969 until its demise in 2007 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Dakota is a cooperative apartment building. | The Dakota , also known as Dakota Apartments , is a cooperative apartment building located on the northwest corner of 72nd Street and Central Park West in the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City , United States . It was built in 1884 and is considered to be one of Manhattan 's most prestigious and exclusive cooperative residential buildings . The Dakota is famous as the home of former Beatle John Lennon from 1973 to his death outside the building in 1980 . | The Central Park West Historic District is located in Manhattan , New York City , United States along historic Central Park West , between 61st and 97th Streets . The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 9 , 1982 . The district encompasses a portion of the Upper West Side-Central Park West Historic District as designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission , and contains a number of prominent New York City landmarks , including The Dakota Apartments , a National Historic Landmark . The buildings date from the late 19th century to the early 1940s and exhibit a variety of architectural styles . The majority of the district 's buildings are of neo-Italian Renaissance style , but Art Deco is a popular theme as well . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Rogue has a foster mother. | Rogue is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics , commonly in association with the X-Men . The character debuted in Avengers Annual # 10 -LRB- November 1981 -RRB- as a villain , but then soon after she joined the X-Men . Rogue is part of a subspecies of humans called mutants , who are born with superhuman abilities . Rogue has the involuntary ability to absorb and sometimes also remove the memories , physical strength , and superpowers of anyone she touches . Therefore , Rogue considers her powers to be a curse . For most of her life , she limited her physical contact with others , including her on-off love interest , Gambit . However , after many years , Rogue finally gained full control over her mutant ability . Hailing from the fictional Caldecott County , Mississippi , Rogue is the X-Men 's self-described southern belle . A runaway , she was adopted by Mystique of the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants and grew up as a villain . After Rogue permanently absorbs Ms. Marvel 's psyche and Kree powers , she reforms and turns to the X-Men , fearing for her sanity . Rogue 's real name and early history were not revealed until nearly 20 years after her introduction . Until the back story provided by Robert Rodi in the ongoing Rogue series , which began in September 2004 , Rogue 's background was only hinted at . Her name was revealed as Anna Marie , although her surname is still unknown . She has sometimes adopted the name Raven , which is the first name of her foster mother Mystique . Rogue has been one of the most prominent members of the X-Men since the 1980s . She was # 5 on IGN 's Top 25 X-Men list for 2006 , # 4 on their Top Ten X-Babes list for 2006 , # 3 on Marvel 's list of Top 10 Toughest Females for 2009 and was given title of # 1 X-Man on CBR 's Top 50 X-Men of All Time for 2008 . She was ranked tenth in Comics Buyer 's Guide 's `` 100 Sexiest Women in Comics '' list . Rogue has been featured in most of the X-Men animated series , and various video games . In the X-Men film series , she is portrayed by Anna Paquin . Her visual cue is often the white streak that runs through her hair . | Maggie Thrash is an American young adult fiction writer and memoirist , best known for her 2015 graphic memoir Honor Girl . She lives in Delaware and is a frequent contributor to Rookie , an online magazine for teenage girls . Thrash 's next book , We Know It Was You , is a mystery for young adults and will be published October 4 , 2016 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ringo Starr has been hospitalized. | Richard Starkey , -LRB- born 7 July 1940 -RRB- , known professionally as Ringo Starr , is an English drummer , singer , songwriter and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for the Beatles . He occasionally sang lead vocals , usually for one song on an album , including `` With a Little Help from My Friends '' , `` Yellow Submarine '' and their cover of `` Act Naturally '' . He also wrote the Beatles ' songs `` Do n't Pass Me By '' and `` Octopus 's Garden '' , and is credited as a co-writer of others , including `` What Goes On '' and `` Flying '' . Starr was twice afflicted by life-threatening illnesses during childhood , and as a result of prolonged hospitalisations fell behind in school . In 1955 , he entered the workforce and briefly held a position with British Rail before securing an apprenticeship at a Liverpool equipment manufacturer . Soon afterwards , he became interested in the UK skiffle craze , developing a fervent admiration for the genre . In 1957 , he cofounded his first band , the Eddie Clayton Skiffle Group , which earned several prestigious local bookings before the fad succumbed to American rock and roll by early 1958 . When the Beatles formed in 1960 , Starr was a member of another Liverpool group , Rory Storm and the Hurricanes . After achieving moderate success with that band in the UK and Hamburg , he quit the Hurricanes and joined the Beatles in August 1962 , replacing Pete Best . Starr played key roles in the Beatles ' films and appeared in numerous others . After the band 's break-up in 1970 , he released several successful singles including the US number four hit `` It Do n't Come Easy '' , and number ones `` Photograph '' and `` You 're Sixteen '' . In 1972 , he released his most successful UK single , `` Back Off Boogaloo '' , which peaked at number two . He achieved commercial and critical success with his 1973 album Ringo , which was a top ten release in both the UK and the US . He has been featured in a number of documentaries and hosted television shows . He also narrated the first two series of the children 's television programme Thomas & Friends and portrayed `` Mr Conductor '' during the first season of the PBS children 's television series Shining Time Station . Since 1989 , he has toured with twelve variations of Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band . Starr 's creative contribution to music has received praise from other drummers such as Phil Collins , who described him as `` a great musician '' , and Steve Smith , who commented : `` Before Ringo , drum stars were measured by their soloing ability and virtuosity . Ringo 's popularity brought forth a new paradigm ... we started to see the drummer as an equal participant in the compositional aspect ... His parts are so signature to the songs that you can listen to a Ringo drum part without the rest of the music and still identify the song . '' He was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1998 . In 2011 , Rolling Stone readers named Starr the fifth-greatest drummer of all time . Starr , who was previously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a Beatle in 1988 , was inducted for his solo career in 2015 , making him one of 21 performers inducted more than once . | Ordinary Average Guy is the ninth solo studio album , and its title-track single -LRB- second on the playlist -RRB- , by American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Joe Walsh . The album was released in mid 1991 . It was Walsh 's first album of entirely new music since Got Any Gum ? in 1987 , and his first solo album to be issued internationally by Epic following a four-year alliance with Warner Bros. . Records in the United States and Canada . The album features Ringo Starr , Survivor 's lead vocalist Jimi Jamison , and the drummer Joe Vitale from Walsh 's former band Barnstorm . Vitale also sings the lead vocals on the final track of the album , `` School Days '' . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Newspapers include columns. | A newspaper is a serial publication containing news about current events , other informative articles about politics , sports , arts , and so on , and advertising . A newspaper is usually , but not exclusively , printed on relatively inexpensive , low-grade paper such as newsprint . The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers . As of 2017 , most newspapers are now published online as well as in print . The online versions are called online newspapers or news websites . Newspapers are typically published daily or weekly . News magazines are also weekly , but they have a magazine format . General-interest newspapers typically publish news articles and feature articles on national and international news as well as local news . The news includes political events and personalities , business and finance , crime , weather , and natural disasters ; health and medicine , science , and computers and technology ; sports ; and entertainment , society , food and cooking , clothing and home fashion , and the arts . Usually the paper is divided into sections for each of those major groupings -LRB- labeled A , B , C , and so on , with pagination prefixes yielding page numbers A1-A20 , B1-B20 , C1-C20 , and so on -RRB- . Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing editorials written by an editor -LRB- or by the paper 's editorial board -RRB- and expressing an opinion on a public issue , opinion articles called `` op-eds '' written by guest writers -LRB- which are typically in the same section as the editorial -RRB- , and columns that express the personal opinions of columnists , usually offering analysis and synthesis that attempts to translate the raw data of the news into information telling the reader `` what it all means '' and persuading them to concur . Papers also include articles which have no byline ; these articles are written by staff writers . A wide variety of material has been published in newspapers . Besides the aforementioned news , information and opinions , they include weather forecasts ; criticism and reviews of the arts -LRB- including literature , film , television , theater , fine arts , and architecture -RRB- and of local services such as restaurants ; obituaries , birth notices and graduation announcements ; entertainment features such as crosswords , horoscopes , editorial cartoons , gag cartoons , and comic strips ; advice columns , food , and other columns ; and radio and television listings -LRB- program schedules -RRB- . As of 2017 , newspapers may also provide information about new movies and TV shows available on streaming video services like Netflix . Newspapers have classified ad sections where people and businesses can buy small advertisements to sell goods or services ; as of 2013 , the huge increase in Internet websites for selling goods , such as Craigslist and eBay has led to significantly less classified ad sales for newspapers . Most newspapers are businesses , and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue , newsstand sales , and advertising revenue -LRB- other businesses or individuals pay to place advertisements in the pages , including display ads , classified ads , and their online equivalents -RRB- . Some newspapers are government-run or at least government-funded ; their reliance on advertising revenue and on profitability is less critical to their survival . The editorial independence of a newspaper is thus always subject to the interest of someone , whether owners , advertisers , or a government . Some newspapers with high editorial independence , high journalism quality , and large circulation are viewed as newspapers of record . Many newspapers , besides employing journalists on their own payrolls , also subscribe to news agencies -LRB- wire services -RRB- -LRB- such as the Associated Press , Reuters , or Agence France-Presse -RRB- , which employ journalists to find , assemble , and report the news , then sell the content to the various newspapers . This is a way to avoid duplicating the expense of reporting from around the world . Circa 2005 , there were approximately 6,580 daily newspaper titles in the world selling 395 million print copies a day -LRB- in the U.S. , 1,450 titles selling 55 million copies -RRB- . The late 2000s -- early 2010s global recession , combined with the rapid growth of free web-based alternatives , has helped cause a decline in advertising and circulation , as many papers had to retrench operations to stanch the losses . Worldwide annual revenue approached $ 100 billion in 2005-7 , then plunged during the worldwide financial crisis of 2008-9 . Revenue in 2016 fell to only $ 53 billion , hurting every major publisher as their efforts to gain online income fell far short of the goal . The decline in advertising revenues affected both the print and online media as well as all other mediums ; print advertising was once lucrative but has greatly declined , and the prices of online advertising are often lower than those of their print precursors . Besides remodeling advertising , the internet -LRB- especially the web -RRB- has also challenged the business models of the print-only era by crowdsourcing both publishing in general -LRB- sharing information with others -RRB- and , more specifically , journalism -LRB- the work of finding , assembling , and reporting the news -RRB- . In addition , the rise of news aggregators , which bundle linked articles from many online newspapers and other sources , influences the flow of web traffic . Increasing paywalling of online newspapers may be counteracting those effects . The oldest newspaper still published is the Ordinari Post Tijdender , which was established in Stockholm in 1645 . | Free newspapers are distributed free of charge , either in central places in cities and towns , on public transport , with other newspapers , or separately door-to-door . The revenues of such newspapers are based on advertising . Some are dailies , some are weeklies . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Peggy Sue Got Married had an all-male cast. | Peggy Sue Got Married is a 1986 American comedy-drama film directed by Francis Ford Coppola starring Kathleen Turner as a woman on the verge of a divorce , who finds herself transported back to the days of her senior year in high school in 1960 . The film was written by husband and wife team Jerry Leichtling and Arlene Sarner . The film was nominated for three Academy Awards : Best Actress -LRB- Turner -RRB- , Best Cinematography , and Best Costume Design . In addition , Turner was nominated for Best Foreign Actress at the Sant Jordi Awards . | A Marriage Has Been Arranged -LRB- 1904 -RRB- is a one-act play by British author and dramatist Alfred Sutro . The play premiered at the Garrick Theatre , in London , on March 27 , 1904 , with Arthur Bourchier playing the role of Mr. Harrisson Crockstead and Violet Vanbrugh as Lady Aline de Vaux . The play presents a single scene in which Mr. Crockstead , a self-made millionaire , proposes marriage to the noble but pennyless young Lady Aline de Vaux , who refuses to marry him but eventually changes her mind after Crockstead makes the girl a strange , unusual offer . The play must be classified as a comedy of society . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Richard Nixon was reelected. | Richard Milhous Nixon -LRB- January 9 , 1913 -- April 22 , 1994 -RRB- was an American politician who served as the 37th President of the United States from 1969 until 1974 , when he became the only U.S. president to resign from office . He had previously served as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961 under the presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower , and prior to that as a U.S. Representative and also Senator from California . Nixon was born in Yorba Linda , California . After completing his undergraduate studies at Whittier College , he graduated from Duke University School of Law in 1937 and returned to California to practice law . He and his wife Pat moved to Washington in 1942 to work for the federal government . He subsequently served on active duty in the U.S. Navy Reserve during World War II . Nixon was elected to the House of Representatives in 1946 and to the Senate in 1950 . His pursuit of the Hiss Case established his reputation as a leading anti-communist , and elevated him to national prominence . He was the running mate of Dwight D. Eisenhower , the Republican Party presidential nominee in the 1952 election . Nixon served for eight years as vice president -- at 40 , the second-youngest vice president in history . He waged an unsuccessful presidential campaign in 1960 , narrowly losing to John F. Kennedy , and lost a race for Governor of California to Pat Brown in 1962 . In 1968 , he ran for the presidency again and was elected by defeating incumbent Vice President Hubert Humphrey . Nixon ended American involvement in the war in Vietnam in 1973 and brought the American POWs home , and ended the military draft . Nixon 's visit to the People 's Republic of China in 1972 eventually led to diplomatic relations between the two nations , and he initiated détente and the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with the Soviet Union the same year . His administration generally transferred power from Washington D.C. to the states . He imposed wage and price controls for a period of ninety days , enforced desegregation of Southern schools and established the Environmental Protection Agency . Nixon also presided over the Apollo 11 moon landing , which signaled the end of the moon race . He was reelected in one of the largest electoral landslides in U.S. history in 1972 , when he defeated George McGovern . The year 1973 saw an Arab oil embargo , gasoline rationing , and a continuing series of revelations about the Watergate scandal . The scandal escalated , costing Nixon much of his political support , and on August 9 , 1974 , he resigned in the face of almost certain impeachment and removal from office . After his resignation , he was issued a pardon by his successor , Gerald Ford . In retirement , Nixon 's work writing several books and undertaking of many foreign trips helped to rehabilitate his image . He suffered a debilitating stroke on April 18 , 1994 , and died four days later at the age of 81 . | The Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum is the presidential library and final resting place of Richard Milhous Nixon , the 37th President of the United States -LRB- 1969 -- 1974 -RRB- , and his wife Pat Nixon . Located in Yorba Linda , California , the library is one of 13 administered by the National Archives and Records Administration -LRB- NARA -RRB- . From its original dedication in 1990 until becoming a federal facility on July 11 , 2007 , the library and museum was operated by the private Richard Nixon Foundation and was known as the Richard Nixon Library & Birthplace . The 9 acre campus is located at 18001 Yorba Linda Boulevard in Yorba Linda and incorporates the Richard Nixon Birthplace , a National Historic Landmark where Nixon was born in 1913 and spent his childhood . The facility is now jointly operated by NARA and the Richard Nixon Foundation . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Great Britain claimed the eastern half of Australia in 1770. | Australia -LRB- -LSB- əˈstreɪliə -RSB- , -LSB- ɒ - -RSB- , -LSB- - ljə -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Commonwealth of Australia , is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent , the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands . It is the world 's sixth-largest country by total area . The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea , Indonesia and East Timor to the north ; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east ; and New Zealand to the south-east . Australia 's capital is Canberra , and its largest urban area is Sydney . For about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century , Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians , who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups . After the European discovery of the continent by Dutch explorers in 1606 , Australia 's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and initially settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788 . The population grew steadily in subsequent decades , and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored and an additional five self-governing crown colonies established . On 1 January 1901 , the six colonies federated , forming the Commonwealth of Australia . Australia has since maintained a stable liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states and several territories . The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard . Australia has the world 's 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income -LRB- IMF -RRB- . With the second-highest human development index globally , the country ranks highly in quality of life , health , education , economic freedom , and civil liberties and political rights . Australia is a member of the United Nations , G20 , Commonwealth of Nations , ANZUS , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development -LRB- OECD -RRB- , World Trade Organization , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , and the Pacific Islands Forum . | The Group Settlement Scheme was an assisted migration scheme which operated in Western Australia from the early 1920s . It was engineered by Premier James Mitchell and followed on from the Soldier Settlement Scheme immediately after World War I. Targeting civilians and others who were otherwise ineligible for the Soldiers ' scheme , its principal purpose was to provide a labour force to open up the large tracts of potential agricultural land to ultimately reduce dependence on food imports from interstate . It was also seen as boosting the ideals of the White Australia Policy by strengthening the British cultural identity . High levels of post-war unemployment in Britain saw the UK Government seizing on the scheme as a way to reduce dole-queues . Over 6,000 people emigrated to Western Australia under the scheme which was funded jointly by the State , Federal and UK Governments . Mitchell 's plan was for 40 to land holdings to be cleared and intensively cultivated by the settlers , initially supervised by experienced farmers , to develop a self-sustaining dairy industry . Premier Mitchell was nicknamed `` Moo-Cow '' from his perceived obsession with the dairy industry . He and his Nationalist and Country Party colleagues considered the ` unlimited land resources for closer settlement ' were the key the state 's economic progress . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Poona Pact was signed at Yerwada Central Jail. | The Poona Pact refers to an agreement between Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi signed on 24 September 1932 at Yerwada Central Jail in Pune , India . It was signed by Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and some other leaders to break the fast unto death undertaken by Gandhi in Yerwada prison to annul the Macdonald Award giving separate electorates to Dalits for electing members of state legislative assemblies in British India . History of the Poona Pact The British invited leaders of different parties in the Round Table Conferences in 1930-32 to draft a new law involving self-rule for the Indians . Mahatma Gandhi did not attend the first and the last but attended the second of the Conferences . The concept of separate electorates for the untouch was raised by Ambedkar . Similar provisions were already available for other minorities , including Muslims , Christians , Anglo-Indians and Sikhs . The British government agreed with Ambedkar 's contention and British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald 's Communal Award to the depressed classes was to be incorporated into the constitution in the governance of British India . Gandhi strongly opposed the Communal Award on the grounds that it would disintegrate Hindu society . Ambedkar vehemently criticised the way of handling the problems of the Harijans by Gandhiji . Gandhi took up a fast unto death in his prison cell in Poona , protesting that separate electorates were a device which would separate the untouchables from the Hindu society forever . He began an indefinite hunger strike at Yerwada Central Jail from 20 September 1932 to protest against this Award . A compromise was reached on 24 September 1932 . The text uses the term `` Depressed Classes '' to denote Untouchables who were later called Scheduled Castes under India Act 1935 , and the later Indian Constitution of 1950 . | The following is a list of prisons in Sierra Leone according to the Sierra Leone Encyclopedia : The Prison headquarters is in Freetown . The Prison Officers Training School is in Waterloo . Freetown Central Prison , Freetown , Western Region Waterloo Oil Palm Plantation , Waterloo , Western Region Masanki Prison , Masanki , Southern Region Moyamba Prison , Moyamba , Southern Region Bo Prison , Bo , Southern Region Bonthe Prison , Bonthe , Southern Region Pujehun Prison , Pujehun , Southern Region Makeni Prison , Makeni , Northern Region Port Loko Prison , Port Loko , Northern Region Kambia Prison , Kambia , Northern Region Kabala Prison , Kabala , Northern Region Magburaka Prison , Magburaka , Northern Region Mafanta Prison , Magburaka , Northern Region Kenema Prison , Kenema , Eastern Region Kono Prison , Sefadu , Eastern Region Kailahun Prison , Kailahun , Eastern Region Category : Prisons in Sierra Leone |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Hugh Grant never dated Elizabeth Hurley. | Hugh John Mungo Grant -LRB- born 9 September 1960 -RRB- is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice -LRB- 1987 -RRB- but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral -LRB- 1994 -RRB- . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Notting Hill -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , About a Boy -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , and American Dreamz -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , Sense and Sensibility -LRB- 1995 -RRB- and Florence Foster Jenkins -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance . | Hugh David -LRB- 17 July 1925 -- 11 September 1987 -RRB- was an actor turned television director . David was born in Aberystwyth , Wales . His directorial credits include Compact , Z-Cars , The Pallisers and Doctor Who , for which he directed two stories in the Patrick Troughton era . While still an actor in the early 1960s , he had actually turned down the leading role in Doctor Who when it was offered to him by his friend , the producer Rex Tucker . David later stated that as he had recently starred in the Granada Television series Knight Errant and disliked the high public profile it brought him , he was not keen to take on another leading role . He died in London leaving his widow actress Wendy Williams . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Singapore is in Southeast Asia. | Singapore -LRB- -LSB- ˈsɪŋgəpɔr -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Singapore , sometimes referred to as the Lion City , the Garden City or the Little Red Dot , is a sovereign city-state in Southeast Asia . It lies one degree -LRB- 137 km -RRB- north of the equator , at the southern tip of peninsular Malaysia , with Indonesia 's Riau Islands to the south . Singapore 's territory consists of one main island along with 62 other islets . Since independence , extensive land reclamation has increased its total size by 23 % -LRB- 130 km2 -RRB- , and its greening policy has covered the densely populated island with tropical flora , parks and gardens . Stamford Raffles founded colonial Singapore in 1819 as a trading post of the East India Company ; after its collapse and the eventual establishment of the British Raj , the islands were ceded to Britain and became part of its Straits Settlements in 1826 . During the Second World War , Singapore was occupied by Japan . It gained independence from the UK in 1963 by federating with other former British territories to form Malaysia , but separated two years later over ideological differences , becoming a sovereign nation in 1965 . After early years of turbulence , and despite lacking natural resources and a hinterland , the nation developed rapidly as an Asian Tiger economy , based on external trade and its workforce . Singapore is a global commerce , finance and transport hub . Its standings include : the most `` technology-ready '' nation -LRB- WEF -RRB- , top International-meetings city -LRB- UIA -RRB- , city with `` best investment potential '' -LRB- BERI -RRB- , second-most competitive country , third-largest foreign exchange market , third-largest financial centre , third-largest oil refining and trading centre , and the second-busiest container port . The country has also been identified as a tax haven . Singapore ranks 5th on the UN Human Development Index and the 3rd highest GDP per capita . It is ranked highly in education , healthcare , life expectancy , quality of life , personal safety , and housing . Although income inequality is high , 90 % of homes are owner-occupied . 38 % of Singapore 's 5.6 million residents are permanent residents and other foreign nationals . There are four official languages : English -LRB- common and first language -RRB- , Malay , Mandarin , Tamil ; almost all Singaporeans are bilingual . Singapore is a unitary multiparty parliamentary republic , with a Westminster system of unicameral parliamentary government . The People 's Action Party has won every election since self-government in 1959 . The dominance of the PAP , coupled with a low level of press freedom and restrictions on civil liberties and political rights , has led to Singapore being classified by some as a semi-authoritarian regime . One of the five founding members of the ASEAN , Singapore is also the host of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation -LRB- APEC -RRB- Secretariat , and a member of the East Asia Summit , Non-Aligned Movement , and the Commonwealth of Nations . | Love In Singapore may refer to : Love in Singapore -LRB- 1980 film -RRB- , Malayalam film Love in Singapore -LRB- 2009 film -RRB- , Malayalam film |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Leslie Howard was a stage actor. | Leslie Howard -LRB- born Leslie Howard Steiner , 3 April 18931 June 1943 -RRB- was an English stage and film actor , director and producer . Howard also wrote many stories and articles for The New York Times , The New Yorker and Vanity Fair . Howard was one of the biggest box-office draws and movie idols of the 1930s but is probably best remembered for playing Ashley Wilkes in Gone with the Wind -LRB- 1939 -RRB- . Howard had movie roles in many other notable films , including : Berkeley Square -LRB- 1933 -RRB- , Of Human Bondage -LRB- 1934 -RRB- , The Scarlet Pimpernel -LRB- 1934 -RRB- , The Petrified Forest -LRB- 1936 -RRB- , Pygmalion -LRB- 1938 -RRB- , Intermezzo -LRB- 1939 -RRB- , `` Pimpernel '' Smith -LRB- 1941 -RRB- and The First of the Few -LRB- 1942 -RRB- , receiving two nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Howard 's Second World War activities included acting and filmmaking . He was active in anti-German propaganda and rumoured to have been involved with British or Allied Intelligence , sparking conspiracy theories regarding his death in 1943 at the hands of the German Luftwaffe when the British airliner on which he was a passenger was shot down over the Bay of Biscay . | Eddie Leslie -LRB- 22 June 1894 , in Norfolk -- July 1975 , in Norfolk -RRB- was a British film actor and screenwriter . He often worked alongside Norman Wisdom . He acted in and wrote a few of his films , and acted with him on stage . His theater credits include Luther Billis and the musical South Pacific by Rodgers and Hammerstein and Joshua Logan in the Alhambra Theater during 1960 . He performed with Patrica Hartly , Nevil Whiting , Helen Landis , David Williams , Robert Henderson and Sean Connery . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Unapologetic is Rihanna's 8th studio album. | Unapologetic is the seventh studio album by Barbadian singer Rihanna . It was released on November 19 , 2012 , by Def Jam Recordings and SRP Records . It was recorded between June and November 2012 , during promotion of her sixth album , Talk That Talk -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . As executive producer , Rihanna enlisted previous collaborators The-Dream , David Guetta , Chase & Status , and StarGate to work alongside new collaborators such as Parker Ighile , Mike Will Made-It , and Labrinth . Unapologetic is mainly a pop , dubstep and R&B album that incorporates elements of hip hop , EDM and reggae in its production , similar to the sound of her previous albums Talk That Talk and Rated R -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . Unapologetic received generally mixed reviews from critics , with some reviewers describing its music as interesting , while others criticized its lyrical content and rushed nature . The album won a Grammy Award for Best Urban Contemporary Album at the 2014 ceremony . It debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 238,000 copies , becoming Rihanna 's first number one album on the chart and best-selling debut week of her career . The album also became the singer 's third , fourth , and fifth consecutive number one album in the United Kingdom , Norway , and Switzerland , respectively . As of December 2014 , Unapologetic has sold over four million copies worldwide . The album produced seven singles including the international hits `` Diamonds '' and `` Stay '' . The former peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 where it became Rihanna 's twelfth number one song , tying her with Madonna and The Supremes for fourth most number one songs in the history of the chart . Prior to its release , Rihanna promoted the album with the 777 Tour which consisted of a seven-date promotional tour in which she performed seven concerts each in a different city in North America and Europe in seven days . To further promote Unapologetic , Rihanna embarked on her fourth worldwide tour entitled the Diamonds World Tour . | The State of the World Tour is the eighth concert tour by American recording artist Janet Jackson . It is in support of her eleventh studio album Unbreakable -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and is a continuation of the Unbreakable World Tour , which was postponed in 2016 due to Jackson 's pregnancy . The tour is set to begin on September 7 , 2017 , in Lafayette at the Cajundome , and is set to conclude on December 17 , 2017 , in Atlanta at the Philips Arena . |
Subsets and Splits