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Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Stone Temple Pilots are from San Diego, California. | Stone Temple Pilots -LRB- sometimes abbreviated as STP -RRB- are an American rock band from San Diego , California , that originally consisted of Scott Weiland -LRB- lead vocals -RRB- , brothers Dean -LRB- guitar -RRB- and Robert DeLeo -LRB- bass , backing vocals -RRB- , and Eric Kretz -LRB- drums -RRB- . Since the band 's formation in 1989 , its line-up remained unchanged until the firing of Weiland in 2013 , who was replaced by Linkin Park vocalist Chester Bennington . In 2015 , Bennington left the band to focus solely on Linkin Park . On December 3 , 2015 , Weiland was found dead on his tour bus prior to a performance with his band The Wildabouts . In 2016 , the band launched an online audition for a new lead vocalist . After forming in 1989 under the name Mighty Joe Young , the band signed with Atlantic Records and changed its name to Stone Temple Pilots . The band found immediate success in 1993 upon releasing their debut album , Core -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , and went on to become one of the most commercially successful bands of the 1990s . The band released four more studio albums : Purple -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Tiny Music ... Songs from the Vatican Gift Shop -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , No. 4 -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Shangri-La Dee Da -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , before separating in 2002 , after which the band members partook in various projects -LRB- most notably Velvet Revolver and Army of Anyone -RRB- . The band eventually reconvened in 2008 for a reunion tour , released a new self-titled album in 2010 , and actively toured until Chester Bennington 's departure . The band 's only material with Bennington was the EP High Rise in 2013 . While initially displaying a sound typically identified as grunge early on in its career , further releases from the band expressed a variety of influences , including psychedelic rock , bossa nova and classic rock . The band 's evolution throughout the 1990s and early 2000s involved several tumultuous periods of commercial highs and lows , brought about in part by Weiland 's well-publicized struggles with drug addiction . | The Gravedigger Five -- often shown as Gravedigger V -- was a garage rock revival band formed in 1984 in San Diego , California . The band was part of the Paisley Underground , a musical movement centered on Los Angeles , California , which referenced 1960s West Coast pop and garage rock . The band 's lineup consisted of Leighton Koizumi on vocals and sound effects , Ted Friedman on lead guitar , John Hanrattie on rhythm guitar and backup vocals , Dave `` The Animal '' Anderson on drums and percussion , and originally Chris Gast , who was replaced on bass and backing vocals by Tom Ward . When the Gravedigger Five broke up , members of the band went on to form The Morlocks and Manual Scan . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Kaitlin Olson started her career in dancing. | Kaitlin Willow Olson -LRB- born August 18 , 1975 -RRB- is an American actress and comedian . She began her career in the Groundlings , an improvisational group in Los Angeles , California , and had minor roles in several television series before being cast as Deandra `` Sweet Dee '' Reynolds on the FX black comedy series It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia in 2005 . Olson has also appeared in film , with roles in Leap Year -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Heat -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and also provided the voice for Destiny in Finding Dory -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Beginning in 2017 , she stars as Mickey on the Fox comedy series The Mick . | Vera Olcott -LRB- 1893 -- 19 ?? -RRB- was an American dancer from Philadelphia who became popular in Europe in the early 20th century . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The 79th Academy Awards were presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2006. | The 79th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences -LRB- AMPAS -RRB- , honored the best films of 2006 and took place February 25 , 2007 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:30 p.m. PST / 8:30 p.m. EST. . During the ceremony , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences presented Academy Awards -LRB- commonly referred to as Oscars -RRB- in 24 categories . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Laura Ziskin and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actress Ellen DeGeneres hosted for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills , California held on February 10 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Maggie Gyllenhaal . The Departed won four awards , including Best Picture and Best Director for Martin Scorsese . Other winners included Pan 's Labyrinth with three , An Inconvenient Truth , Dreamgirls , and Little Miss Sunshine with two , and Babel , The Blood of Yingzhou District , The Danish Poet , Happy Feet , The Last King of Scotland , Letters from Iwo Jima , The Lives of Others , Marie Antoinette , Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest , The Queen , and West Bank Story with one . The telecast garnered nearly 40 million viewers in the United States . | This is a list of winners of the Academy Award for Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role , presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences -LRB- AMPAS -RRB- to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry . More popularly known as the Academy Award -LRB- or the Oscar -RRB- for Best Supporting Actress , this award was initially presented at the 9th Academy Awards ceremony for 1936 and was most recently presented at the 88th Academy Awards ceremony for 2015 . Throughout the past 80 years , accounting for ties and repeat winners , AMPAS has presented a total of 81 Best Supporting Actress awards to 79 different actresses . This list is current as of the 89th Academy Awards ceremony held on February 26 , 2017 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lisa Marie Presley is a songwriter. | Lisa Marie Presley -LRB- born February 1 , 1968 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter and actress . She is the daughter of musician-actor Elvis Presley and actress and business magnate Priscilla Presley . Sole heir to her father 's estate , she has developed a career in the music business and has issued three albums . Presley has been married four times , including to singer Michael Jackson and actor Nicolas Cage , before marrying music producer Michael Lockwood , father of her twin girls . | Priscilla McLean -LRB- née Taylor ; born May 27 , 1942 -RRB- is an American composer , performer , video artist , writer , and music reviewer . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.John Lennon was a Leo. | John Winston Ono Lennon , -LRB- born John Winston Lennon ; 9 October 19408 December 1980 -RRB- was an English guitarist , singer , and songwriter who co-founded the Beatles , the most commercially successful and musically influential band in the history of popular music . He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership . Born and raised in Liverpool , Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager ; his first band , the Quarrymen , first became the Silver Beatles , and finally , evolved into the Beatles in 1960 . When the group disbanded in 1970 , Lennon embarked on a sporadic solo career that produced albums including John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band and Imagine , and songs such as `` Give Peace a Chance '' , `` Working Class Hero '' , and `` Imagine '' . After his marriage to Yoko Ono in 1969 , he added `` Ono '' as one of his middle names . Lennon disengaged himself from the music business in 1975 to raise his infant son Sean , but re-emerged with Ono in 1980 with the new album Double Fantasy . He was murdered three weeks after its release . Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music , writing , drawings , on film and in interviews . Controversial through his political and peace activism , he moved to Manhattan in 1971 , where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by Richard Nixon 's administration to deport him , while some of his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture . By 2012 , Lennon 's solo album sales in the United States exceeded 14 million and , as writer , co-writer , or performer , he is responsible for 25 number-one singles on the US Hot 100 chart . In 2002 , a BBC poll on the 100 Greatest Britons voted him eighth and , in 2008 , Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer of all time . He was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1987 , and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice , in 1988 as a member of the Beatles and in 1994 as a solo artist . | `` God '' is a song from John Lennon 's first post-Beatles solo album , John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band . The album was released on 11 December 1970 in the United States and the United Kingdom . The song was considered controversial upon release , dealing with anti-religious themes . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Jeff Ament released his final album in 2005. | Jeffrey Allen Ament -LRB- born March 10 , 1963 -RRB- is an American musician and songwriter who serves as the bassist for the American rock band Pearl Jam . Along with Stone Gossard , Mike McCready , and Eddie Vedder , he is one of the band 's founding members , and is also known for his work prior to Pearl Jam with the 1980s Seattle-based grunge rock bands Green River and Mother Love Bone , and is particularly notable for his work with the fretless bass , upright bass , and twelve-string bass guitar . Ament is also a member of the bands , Tres Mts. , Three Fish and RNDM . In 2008 , Ament released his first solo album , Tone . A second solo album , While My Heart Beats , followed in 2012 . Ament was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Pearl Jam on April 7 , 2017 . | What Exit is an album by violinist Mark Feldman with pianist John Taylor , bassist Anders Jormin , and drummer Tom Rainey recorded in 2005 and released on the ECM label |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Music journalism discusses types of music. | Music journalism -LRB- or `` music criticism '' -RRB- is media criticism and reporting about popular music topics , including pop music , rock music , and related styles . Journalists began writing about music in the eighteenth century , providing commentary on what is now thought of as classical music . In the 2000s , a more prominent branch of music journalism is an aspect of entertainment journalism , covering popular music and including profiles of singers and bands , live concert , and album reviews . | The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to music : Music -- human expression in the medium of time using the structures of sounds or tones and silence . It is expressed in terms of pitch , rhythm , harmony , and timbre . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Dark Knight was not released six months after Ledger's death. | The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman -LRB- Bale -RRB- , James Gordon -LRB- Oldman -RRB- and Harvey Dent -LRB- Eckhart -RRB- form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker -LRB- Ledger -RRB- who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 -LRB- 1940 -RRB- , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists -LRB- 287 -RRB- than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics -LRB- 77 -RRB- named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 . | Batman : Dark Victory is a 14-part American comic book limited series -LRB- including a # 0 issue -RRB- published by DC Comics , featuring the superhero Batman . The series , which ran from 1999 until 2000 , was written by Jeph Loeb and drawn by Tim Sale , and it serves as a sequel to Batman : The Long Halloween . Batman : Dark Victory takes place primarily three to four years into Batman 's career as a vigilante crimefighter . The plot centers on a series of murders involving Gotham City police officers by a mysterious serial killer only known as the Hangman . Central to the storyline is a territory war between Two-Face and the remnants of the Falcone mob , led by Sofia Falcone . The story is also a re-telling of the origins of Batman 's sidekick Robin and his adoption by Bruce Wayne . The story brings closure to many characters introduced in Frank Miller 's Batman : Year One . There is also a sequel , Robin : Year One , by Chuck Dixon and Scott Beatty . In 2004 , Loeb and Sale produced a follow-up titled Catwoman : When in Rome , focusing on Catwoman 's movements in Italy . The story takes place during the events of Dark Victory , between Valentine 's Day -LRB- when Catwoman leaves Gotham -RRB- and Labor Day . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Led Zeppelin did not put out the album Physical Graffiti in 1975. | Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968 . The group consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page , singer Robert Plant , bassist and keyboardist John Paul Jones , and drummer John Bonham . The band 's heavy , guitar-driven sound , rooted in blues and psychedelia on their early albums , has earned them recognition as one of the progenitors of heavy metal , though their unique style drew from a wide variety of influences , including folk music . After changing their name from the New Yardbirds , Led Zeppelin signed a deal with Atlantic Records that afforded them considerable artistic freedom . Although the group was initially unpopular with critics , they achieved significant commercial success with albums such as Led Zeppelin -LRB- 1969 -RRB- , Led Zeppelin II -LRB- 1969 -RRB- , Led Zeppelin III -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , Led Zeppelin IV -LRB- 1971 -RRB- , Houses of the Holy -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , and Physical Graffiti -LRB- 1975 -RRB- . Their fourth album , which features the track `` Stairway to Heaven '' , is among the most popular and influential works in rock music , and it helped to secure the group 's popularity . Page wrote most of Led Zeppelin 's music , particularly early in their career , while Plant generally supplied the lyrics . Jones ' keyboard-based compositions later became central to the group 's catalogue , which featured increasing experimentation . The latter half of their career saw a series of record-breaking tours that earned the group a reputation for excess and debauchery . Although they remained commercially and critically successful , their output and touring schedule were limited during the late 1970s , and the group disbanded following Bonham 's death from alcohol-related asphyxia in 1980 . In the decades that followed , the surviving members sporadically collaborated and participated in one-off Led Zeppelin reunions . The most successful of these was the 2007 Ahmet Ertegun Tribute Concert in London , with Jason Bonham taking his late father 's place behind the drums . Led Zeppelin are widely considered one of the most successful , innovative , and influential rock groups in history . They are one of the best-selling music artists in the history of audio recording ; various sources estimate the group 's record sales at 200 to 300 million units worldwide . With RIAA-certified sales of 111.5 million units , they are the second-best-selling band in the US . Each of their nine studio albums placed in the top 10 of the Billboard album chart and six reached the number-one spot . They achieved eight consecutive UK number-one albums . Rolling Stone magazine described them as `` the heaviest band of all time '' , `` the biggest band of the Seventies '' , and `` unquestionably one of the most enduring bands in rock history '' . They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 ; the museum 's biography of the band states that they were `` as influential '' during the 1970s as the Beatles were during the 1960s . | If , often referred to as If 1 , is the eponymous debut album by the English Jazz rock band if . It was released in 1970 on the Island Records label in the UK and Capitol Records in the US . The original artwork and the if logo , which was an award-winning design , were by CCS Advertising Associates . It was re-issued as a CD first in 1995 by an obscure label -LRB- OSA -RRB- , then in 1997 by Island and finally in 2006 on Repertoire Records with 2 bonus tracks and liner notes by UK music critic Chris Welch . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Venom appears in Marvel comic books. | Venom , or the Venom Symbiote , is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics , commonly in association with Spider-Man . Venom made his first appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man # 300 -LRB- May 1988 -RRB- . Venom was originally conceived as a supervillain , but has since become more of an antihero . Venom is a Symbiote , a sentient alien , with a gooey , almost liquid-like form . As with real-world symbiotes , it requires a host , usually human , to bond with for its survival . After bonding , the Symbiote endows its enhanced powers upon the host . When the Venom Symbiote bonds with a human , that new dual-life form refers to itself as `` Venom '' . The Venom Symbiote 's first known host was Spider-Man , who eventually separated himself from the creature when he discovered its true nature . The Symbiote went on to merge with other hosts , most notably Eddie Brock , its second and most infamous host , with whom it first became Venom and one of Spider-Man 's archenemies . According to S.H.I.E.L.D. , it is considered one of the greatest threats to humanity , alongside Magneto , Doctor Doom , and Red Skull . Comics journalist and historian Mike Conroy writes of the character : `` What started out as a replacement costume for Spider-Man turned into one of the Marvel web-slinger 's greatest nightmares . '' Venom was ranked as the 22nd Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time in IGN 's list of the top 100 comic villains . IGN also ranked Mac Gargan 's incarnation of Venom as # 17 in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' , while the Flash Thompson incarnation was ranked as # 27 . The character was listed as # 33 on Empire Magazines 50 Greatest Comic Book Characters . | Cell is a fictional mutant character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . His first appearance was in Morlocks # 1 , created by Geoff Johns and Shawn Martinbrough . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.O. J. Simpson was arrested. | Orenthal James `` O. J. '' Simpson -LRB- born July 9 , 1947 -RRB- , nicknamed The Juice , is a former American football running back , broadcaster , actor , and convicted armed robber and kidnapper . Simpson attended the University of Southern California -LRB- USC -RRB- , where he played college football for the USC Trojans and won the Heisman Trophy in 1968 . He played professionally in the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- as a running back for 11 seasons , with the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1977 and with the San Francisco 49ers from 1978 to 1979 . In 1973 , he became the first NFL player to rush for more than 2,000 yards in a season ; holding the record for the single season yards-per-game average , which stands at 143.1 . He is the only player to ever rush for over 2,000 yards in the 14-game regular season NFL format . Simpson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1983 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985 . After retiring from football , he began new careers in acting and football broadcasting . In 1995 , Simpson was acquitted of the 1994 murders of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman after a lengthy and internationally publicised trial . The families of the victims filed a civil suit against him , and in 1997 a civil court awarded a $ 33.5 million judgment against Simpson for the victims ' wrongful deaths . In 2007 , Simpson was arrested in Las Vegas , Nevada , and charged with felonies including armed robbery and kidnapping . In 2008 , he was convicted and sentenced to 33 years imprisonment , with a minimum of nine years without parole . He is serving his sentence at the Lovelock Correctional Center in Lovelock , Nevada . | `` Homer 's Odyssey '' is the third episode of the first season of The Simpsons . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 21 , 1990 . In this episode , Homer becomes a crusader for citizen safety in Springfield , and is promoted to his current position as Nuclear Safety Inspector for the entire power plant . It was written by Jay Kogen and Wallace Wolodarsky and was the first Simpsons script to be completed , although it was the third episode produced . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.John Wick: Chapter 2 was theatrically released in AMC Theatres. | John Wick : Chapter 2 is a 2017 American neo-noir action thriller film directed by Chad Stahelski and written by Derek Kolstad . The second installment of the John Wick series , the plot follows hitman John Wick , who goes on the run after a bounty is placed on his head . It stars Keanu Reeves , Common , Laurence Fishburne , Riccardo Scamarcio , Ruby Rose , John Leguizamo and Ian McShane , and marks the first collaboration between Reeves and Fishburne since appearing together in The Matrix trilogy . Principal photography began on October 26 , 2015 , in New York City . The film premiered in Los Angeles on January 30 , 2017 , and was theatrically released in the United States on February 10 , 2017 . It received positive reviews from critics and grossed $ 166 million worldwide , over four times its $ 40 million budget and nearly twice the $ 88 million gross of the original film . | Smokin ' Aces 2 : Assassins ' Ball is a 2010 Canadian-American action crime film directed by P.J. Pesce and starring Tom Berenger , Vinnie Jones , Tommy Flanagan , Autumn Reeser , Keegan Connor Tracy , and Ernie Hudson . The film is a prequel to Joe Carnahan 's 2006 film Smokin ' Aces . The film centers on an FBI desk jockey who is targeted for murder by various hired assassins . The film was produced by Working Title Films , and was released direct-to-video on January 19 , 2010 by Universal Studios Home Entertainment . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Peter Jackson co-wrote the screenplay for the film Logan (film). | Logan is a 2017 American superhero film featuring the Marvel Comics character Wolverine , produced by Marvel Entertainment , TSG Entertainment , and The Donners ' Company , and distributed by 20th Century Fox . It is the tenth installment in the X-Men film series , as well as the third and final Wolverine solo film following X-Men Origins : Wolverine -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and The Wolverine -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , as well serving as a reboot to the franchise and being set in its own universe . The film takes inspiration from `` Old Man Logan '' by Mark Millar and Steve McNiven , which follows an aged Wolverine undertaking a final adventure in a dystopian future . The film is directed by James Mangold , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scott Frank and Michael Green , from a story by Mangold . Hugh Jackman stars as Logan in his final portrayal of the character after having played the role for 17 years , with Patrick Stewart co-starring as Charles Xavier . Richard E. Grant , Boyd Holbrook , Stephen Merchant , Dafne Keen -LRB- in her first film role -RRB- , Eriq La Salle , Elise Neal and Elizabeth Rodriguez are all featured in supporting roles . Principal photography began in Louisiana on May 2 , 2016 and ended on August 19 , 2016 in New Mexico . The locations used for Logan were mainly Louisiana , New Mexico and Mississippi . Logan premiered at the 67th Berlin International Film Festival on February 17 , 2017 , and was theatrically released in the United States on March 3 , 2017 , in standard and IMAX formats . It received praise from critics and audiences , becoming the best-reviewed film in the X-Men film series and being considered by many as one of the best superhero films of all time , and has grossed $ 607 million worldwide against its $ 97 million budget , making it the fourth highest-grossing film of 2017 . | Michael Jackson : Searching for Neverland is an American television biopic based on the 2014 book , Remember the Time : Protecting Michael Jackson in His Final Days , written by Jackson 's personal bodyguards Bill Whitfield and Javon Beard . The film follows Jackson in the final years of his life . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Amsterdam has high growth rate within the city Proper. | Amsterdam -LRB- -LSB- ˈæmstərdæm , _ ˌæmstərˈdæm -RSB- -LSB- ɑmstərˈdɑm -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and most populous municipality of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . Its status as the capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands , although it is not the seat of the government , which is The Hague . Amsterdam has a population of 851,373 within the city proper , 1,351,587 in the urban area , and 2,410,960 in the Amsterdam metropolitan area . The city is located in the province of North Holland in the west of the country . The metropolitan area comprises much of the northern part of the Randstad , one of the larger conurbations in Europe , with a population of approximately 7 million . Amsterdam 's name derives from Amstelredamme , indicative of the city 's origin around a dam in the river Amstel . Originating as a small fishing village in the late 12th century , Amsterdam became one of the most important ports in the world during the Dutch Golden Age -LRB- 17th century -RRB- , a result of its innovative developments in trade . During that time , the city was the leading centre for finance and diamonds . In the 19th and 20th centuries the city expanded , and many new neighborhoods and suburbs were planned and built . The 17th-century canals of Amsterdam and the 19 -- 20th century Defence Line of Amsterdam are on the UNESCO World Heritage List . Since the annexation of municipality Sloten in 1921 by the municipality of Amsterdam , the oldest historic part of the city lies in Sloten -LRB- 9th century -RRB- . As the commercial capital of the Netherlands and one of the top financial centres in Europe , Amsterdam is considered an alpha world city by the Globalization and World Cities -LRB- GaWC -RRB- study group . The city is also the cultural capital of the Netherlands . Many large Dutch institutions have their headquarters there , and seven of the world 's 500 largest companies , including Philips and ING , are based in the city . In 2012 , Amsterdam was ranked the second best city to live in by the Economist Intelligence Unit -LRB- EIU -RRB- and 12th globally on quality of living for environment and infrastructure by Mercer . The city was ranked 3rd in innovation by Australian innovation agency 2thinknow in their Innovation Cities Index 2009 . The Amsterdam seaport to this day remains the second in the country , and the fifth largest seaport in Europe . Famous Amsterdam residents include the diarist Anne Frank , artists Rembrandt van Rijn and Vincent van Gogh , and philosopher Baruch Spinoza . The Amsterdam Stock Exchange , the oldest stock exchange in the world , is located in the city center . Amsterdam 's main attractions , including its historic canals , the Rijksmuseum , the Van Gogh Museum , Stedelijk Museum , Hermitage Amsterdam , Anne Frank House , Amsterdam Museum , its red-light district , and its many cannabis coffee shops draw more than 5 million international visitors annually . | The history of Darwin details the city 's growth from a fledging settlement into a thriving colonial capital and finally a modern city . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Julian Assange denied allegations. | Julian Paul Assange -LRB- -LSB- əˈsɒnʒ -RSB- born Julian Paul Hawkins , 3 July 1971 -RRB- is an Australian computer programmer and the founder of WikiLeaks , an organisation which he founded in 2006 . He has won accolades including the Sam Adams Award and Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism . Assange founded WikiLeaks in 2006 , but came to global prominence in 2010 , when WikiLeaks published a series of leaks provided by Chelsea Manning . These leaks included the Collateral Murder video -LRB- April 2010 -RRB- , the Afghanistan war logs -LRB- July 2010 -RRB- , the Iraq war logs -LRB- October 2010 -RRB- , and CableGate -LRB- November 2010 -RRB- . Following the 2010 leaks , the United States government launched a criminal investigation into WikiLeaks and asked allied nations for assistance . In November 2010 , a request was made for Assange 's extradition to Sweden , where he had been questioned months earlier over allegations of sexual assault and rape . Assange continued to deny the allegations , and expressed concern that he would be extradited from Sweden to the United States because of his perceived role in publishing secret American documents . Assange surrendered himself to UK police on 7 December 2010 , and was held for ten days in solitary confinement before being released on bail . He sought and was granted asylum by Ecuador in August 2012 . He has since remained in the Embassy of Ecuador in London , and is unable to leave without being arrested for breaching his bail conditions . On 19 May 2017 , the Swedish prosecutors dropped the investigation into rape accusations against Assange and applied to revoke his arrest warrant , although the Metropolitan Police have indicated that an arrest warrant is still in force for Assange 's failure to surrender himself to the British court . | The 1995 CIA disinformation controversy arose when the Central Intelligence Agency revealed that between 1986 and 1994 , it had delivered intelligence reports to the U.S. government based on agent reporting from confirmed or suspected Soviet operatives . From 1985 to his arrest in February 1994 , CIA agent and KGB mole Aldrich Ames compromised Agency sources and operations in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe , leading to the arrest of many CIA agents and the execution of at least ten of them . This allowed the KGB to replace the CIA agents with its own operatives or to force them to cooperate , and the double agents then funneled a mixture of disinformation and true material to U.S. intelligence . Although the CIA 's Soviet-East European -LRB- SE -RRB- and Central Eurasian Divisions knew or suspected the sources to be Soviet double agents , they nevertheless disseminated this `` feed '' material within the government . Some of these intelligence reports even reached Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush , as well as President-elect Bill Clinton . The disclosure of the deception in 1995 , following investigations into the Ames case , led to a media stir and heavy congressional criticism . The Agency 's Inspector General , Frederick Hitz , identified 12 CIA personnel he deemed responsible for the lapse , including three former directors ; CIA Director John M. Deutch criticized seven of these employees , calling the affair `` a major intelligence failure '' . A damage assessment determined that the disinformation altered intelligence analyses of the Soviet -LRB- and later Russian -RRB- military towards the end of the Cold War , creating a false impression of Soviet strength ; however , initial charges that the faulty reports led to billions of dollars ' worth of Pentagon spending proved to be exaggerated . Regardless , the revelation further undermined the CIA 's credibility in the wake of the Ames case . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.In the mid-1980s, John Cusack made one of his earliest film roles. | John Paul Cusack -LRB- -LSB- ˈkjuːsæk -RSB- , born June 28 , 1966 -RRB- is an American actor , producer and screenwriter . He made one of his earliest film roles in the mid-1980s , before he starred in Cameron Crowe 's film Say Anything ... -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , for which he gained teen idol status . He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance in High Fidelity -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . Cusack starred in other films , including Grosse Pointe Blank -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Being John Malkovich -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , 1408 -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , 2012 -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Hot Tub Time Machine -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and The Raven -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . | Stephen Cusack may refer to : Stephen A. Cusack , British molecular biologist Steve Cusack -LRB- 1876 -- 1952 -RRB- , American Major League Baseball umpire |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Spider-Man 3 is a film. | Spider-Man 3 is a 2007 American superhero film produced by Marvel Studios , and distributed by Columbia Pictures based on the fictional Marvel Comics character Spider-Man . It was directed by Sam Raimi and scripted by Sam Raimi , Ivan Raimi and Alvin Sargent . It is the final film in Raimi 's Spider-Man film trilogy and the sequel to Spider-Man -LRB- 2002 -RRB- and Spider-Man 2 -LRB- 2004 -RRB- . The film stars Tobey Maguire , Kirsten Dunst , James Franco , Thomas Haden Church , Topher Grace , Bryce Dallas Howard , Rosemary Harris , J. K. Simmons , James Cromwell and Cliff Robertson in his final acting appearance before his death in 2011 . Following the events of Spider-Man 2 , Peter Parker has become a cultural phenomenon as Spider-Man , while Mary Jane Watson continues her Broadway career . Harry Osborn still seeks vengeance for his father 's death , and an escaped Flint Marko falls into a particle accelerator and is transformed into a shape-shifting sand manipulator . An extraterrestrial symbiote crashes to Earth and bonds with Peter , influencing his behavior for the worse . Development of Spider-Man 3 began immediately after the release of Spider-Man 2 for a 2007 release . During pre-production , Raimi originally wanted another villain to be included along with Sandman , but at the request of producer Avi Arad he added Venom , and the producers also requested the addition of Gwen Stacy . Principal photography for the film began in January 2006 , and took place in Los Angeles and Cleveland , before moving to New York City from May until July 2006 . Additional pick-up shots were made after August and the film wrapped in October 2006 . During post-production , Sony Pictures Imageworks created 900 visual effects shots . Spider-Man 3 premiered on April 16 , 2007 in Tokyo , and was released in the United States in both conventional and IMAX theaters on May 4 , 2007 . The film grossed $ 890.9 million worldwide , making it the most successful film of the trilogy financially and the second film in the franchise that was released on IMAX . A fourth film titled Spider-Man 4 was set to be released on May 6 , 2011 , but was canceled in favor of a reboot , The Amazing Spider-Man , released in 2012 . | is a Japanese film directed by Takashi Yamazaki released on 21 January 2012 in both 2D and 3D versions . The third film in the Sunset on Third Street series , Always Sanchōme no Yūhi '64 is set in Tokyo at the time of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Intangible assets such as intellectual property may be involved with asset management. | Asset management , broadly defined , refers to any system that monitors and maintains things of value to an entity or group . It may apply to both tangible assets -LRB- such as buildings -RRB- and to intangible assets such as human capital , intellectual property , goodwill and/or financial assets -RRB- . Asset management is a systematic process of deploying , operating , maintaining , upgrading , and disposing of assets cost-effectively . The term is most commonly used in the financial sector to describe people and companies that manage investments on behalf of others . These include , for example , investment managers that manage the assets of a pension fund . Alternative views of asset management in the engineering environment are : the practice of managing assets to achieve the greatest return -LRB- particularly useful for productive assets such as plant and equipment -RRB- , and the process of monitoring and maintaining facilities systems , with the objective of providing the best possible service to users in all dimensions -LRB- appropriate for public infrastructure assets -RRB- . | Intellectual rights -LRB- from `` droits intellectuels '' -RRB- is a term sometimes used to refer to the legal protection afforded to owners of intellectual capital . This notion is more commonly referred to as `` intellectual property '' , though `` intellectual rights '' more aptly describes the nature of the protections afforded by most nations . Both terms were used in Europe during the 19th century as a means of distinguishing between two different views of intellectual protection . `` Intellectual property '' was generally used to advocate a belief that copyrights and patents should provide rights similar to physical property rights . The term `` intellectual rights '' was used by those who felt that such protection should take the form of temporary , limited grants . Although most modern copyright systems do not treat copyrighted or patented materials in the same way as real property , the term `` intellectual property '' has gained prominence . For more on this subject , see `` intellectual property '' . Also , at least three different kinds of capital and rights are involved : creativity -LRB- individual capital -RRB- which implies rights to benefit from one 's free expression invention -LRB- instructional capital -RRB- which implies rights to benefit from having created some more efficient device or process reputation -LRB- social capital -RRB- which implies rights not to have one 's name or specific distinguishing tagline or ethic sullied by imitators or rivals All three capital terms predate the term intellectual capital , which appears to be a 19th-century artifact of early , now-discredited , economic theory . In 20th-century Europe also originated another more modern approach , intended to sweep away the differences between the historical `` Intellectual Property '' and `` Intellectual Rights '' camps , allowing every creator both perpetual and temporary rights : Moral rights became the unalienable part of the rights every author was entitled to . These rights could generally not be waived ; All other intellectual property rights were to become both limited in time and tradeable . Note that this is one of the chief differences between U.S. and EU approach towards Intellectual property rights up till the early 21st century , in that the crystallisation of this modern approach -LRB- the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works -RRB- is still only partially put in practice in the U.S. , and , where applied , this is done largely outside the legislation regarding IP . Thoughts on Intellectual Rights https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.html Category : Intellectual property law |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Nick Jonas named his fourth studio album "Last Year Was Complicated." | Nicholas Jerry Jonas -LRB- born September 16 , 1992 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , producer , and actor . Jonas began acting in theater at the age of seven , and released his debut single in 2002 . He released his eponymous debut album in 2004 to little success , though it did catch the attention of Columbia Records . Jonas opted to form a band with his older brothers , Joe and Kevin , known as the Jonas Brothers . The group released their debut studio album It 's About Time through Columbia Records . The record failed to achieve commercial success , thus the group parted ways with their label . Their self-titled second studio album was released through Hollywood Records in 2007 , and became their breakthrough record . The band became prominent figures on the Disney Channel during this time , gaining a large following through the network . The band starred in the widely successful film Camp Rock -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . The release of the band 's third studio album , A Little Bit Longer -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , helped the band achieve further success ; the album 's lead single hit the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The release of their fourth studio album saw a decline in sales for the band , though was still fairly successful . Jonas and his brothers starred in the Disney Channel series JONAS in 2009 and 2010 , though poor ratings led to its cancellation in 2010 . It was later confirmed that the Jonas Brothers would be taking a hiatus , with Nick forming a new band known as Nick Jonas & the Administration . The band released one studio album in 2010 , though it failed to achieve much commercial success . Following the release , Jonas opted to focus on work in theater , and also had a recurring role on the television series Smash . The Jonas Brothers briefly reunited in 2013 , though officially parted ways due to creative differences . Jonas decided to return to his solo music career following the band 's disbandment , and began work on his second studio album . He signed with Island Records , releasing Nick Jonas -LRB- 2014 -RRB- through the label . The album entered the top ten of the Billboard 200 , while both of the album 's singles entered the top twenty of the Billboard Hot 100 . The project was re-released as Nick Jonas X2 in 2015 . The release helped provide Jonas with a new public image , earning him the title of a `` sex symbol '' . Jonas later co-founded Safehouse Records , a record label in conjunction with Island Records and Hollywood Records . Jonas released his third studio album , Last Year Was Complicated -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , through the label . The project became his highest peaking entry as a solo artist on the Billboard 200 , while the lead single was a top twenty hit on the Billboard Hot 100 . | J.A.C. is the fourth studio album by the Austrian band Tosca , which was released in 2005 on Studio ! K7 . The album is named after Joshua , Arthur , and Conrad , the sons of Richard Dorfmeister and Rupert Huber , respectively . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lisbon is the smallest city in Portugal. | Lisbon -LRB- -LSB- ˈlɪzbən -RSB- Lisboa , -LSB- liʒˈβoɐ -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and the largest city of Portugal , with a population of 552,700 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km ² . Its urban area extends beyond the city 's administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people , being the 11th-most populous urban area in the European Union . About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area -LRB- which represents approximately 27 % of the country 's population -RRB- . It is continental Europe 's westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast . Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean and the River Tagus . The westernmost areas of its metro area is the westernmost point of Continental Europe . Lisbon is recognised as a global city because of its importance in finance , commerce , media , entertainment , arts , international trade , education and tourism . It is one of the major economic centres on the continent , with a growing financial sector and one of the largest container ports on Europe 's Atlantic coast . Humberto Delgado Airport serves over 20 million passengers annually , as of 2015 , and the motorway network and the high-speed rail system of Alfa Pendular link the main cities of Portugal . The city is the 7th-most-visited city in Southern Europe , after Istanbul , Rome , Barcelona , Madrid , Athens and Milan , with 1,740,000 tourists in 2009 . The Lisbon region contributes with a higher GDP PPP per capita than any other region in Portugal . It 's GDP amounts to 96.3 billion USD and thus $ 32,434 per capita , 40 % higher than the average European Union 's GDP per capita . The city occupies 32nd place of highest gross earnings in the world . Most of the headquarters of multinationals in the country are located in the Lisbon area . It is also the political centre of the country , as its seat of Government and residence of the Head of State . Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world , and the oldest in Western Europe , predating other modern European capitals such as London , Paris and Rome by centuries . Julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia , adding to the name Olissipo . Ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century , it was captured by the Moors in the 8th century . In 1147 , the Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city and since then it has been a major political , economic and cultural centre of Portugal . Unlike most capital cities , Lisbon 's status as the capital of Portugal has never been granted or confirmed officially -- by statute or in written form . Its position as the capital has formed through constitutional convention , making its position as de facto capital a part of the Constitution of Portugal . Lisbon enjoys a Mediterranean climate . It has one of the warmest winters of any metropolis in Europe , with average temperatures 15 ° C during the day and 8 ° C at night from December to February . The typical summer season lasts about four months , from June to September , although also in April temperatures sometimes reach around 25 ° C. | Aldeia de Paio Pires is a former civil parish in the municipality -LRB- concelho -RRB- of Seixal , Lisbon Metropolitan Area , Portugal . In 2013 , the parish merged into the new parish Seixal , Arrentela e Aldeia de Paio Pires . The population in 2011 was 13,258 , in an area of 15.96 km ² . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Honey to the B is a R&B album. | Honey to the B is the first album by the pop singer Billie Piper , released in 1998 -LRB- see 1998 in music -RRB- . Billie -LRB- she was known at the time only by her first name -RRB- was the first and youngest British female artist to have a first single enter the UK pop charts at number one . A number of hit singles were released from the album , including `` Girlfriend '' , `` She Wants You '' , the anthemic `` Because We Want To '' , and the title track `` Honey to the Bee '' . `` Honey to the Bee '' was later covered by the Swedish girl group Play on their 2003 album Replay . The American version of the album differs in that it contains the radio mix of `` Girlfriend '' . The single `` Honey to the Bee '' re-entered the official UK Singles Chart at number 17 on 21 January 2007 , eight years after initial release , thanks to efforts by the BBC Radio 1 DJ Chris Moyles . The album has sold 380,000 copies in the UK as of July 2013 . | Hoobastank -LRB- typecast as H ∞ bastank -RRB- is the first major studio album by American rock band Hoobastank . The album proved to be the band 's breakthrough album . It was released on November 20 , 2001 by Island Records . Three singles were released , `` Crawling in the Dark '' , `` Running Away '' , and `` Remember Me '' . It has since been certified Platinum in the United States . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.John Lennon is a musician. | John Winston Ono Lennon , -LRB- born John Winston Lennon ; 9 October 19408 December 1980 -RRB- was an English guitarist , singer , and songwriter who co-founded the Beatles , the most commercially successful and musically influential band in the history of popular music . He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership . Born and raised in Liverpool , Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager ; his first band , the Quarrymen , first became the Silver Beatles , and finally , evolved into the Beatles in 1960 . When the group disbanded in 1970 , Lennon embarked on a sporadic solo career that produced albums including John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band and Imagine , and songs such as `` Give Peace a Chance '' , `` Working Class Hero '' , and `` Imagine '' . After his marriage to Yoko Ono in 1969 , he added `` Ono '' as one of his middle names . Lennon disengaged himself from the music business in 1975 to raise his infant son Sean , but re-emerged with Ono in 1980 with the new album Double Fantasy . He was murdered three weeks after its release . Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music , writing , drawings , on film and in interviews . Controversial through his political and peace activism , he moved to Manhattan in 1971 , where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by Richard Nixon 's administration to deport him , while some of his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture . By 2012 , Lennon 's solo album sales in the United States exceeded 14 million and , as writer , co-writer , or performer , he is responsible for 25 number-one singles on the US Hot 100 chart . In 2002 , a BBC poll on the 100 Greatest Britons voted him eighth and , in 2008 , Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer of all time . He was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1987 , and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice , in 1988 as a member of the Beatles and in 1994 as a solo artist . | William Edward `` Little Willie '' John -LRB- November 15 , 1937 -- May 26 , 1968 -RRB- was an American rock 'n' roll and R&B singer who performed in the 1950s and early 1960s . He is best known for his successes on the record charts , with songs such as `` All Around the World '' -LRB- 1955 -RRB- , `` Need Your Love So Bad '' -LRB- 1956 -RRB- , and `` Fever '' -LRB- 1956 -RRB- . An important figure in R&B music of the 1950s , John was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.India has a government. | India , officially the Republic of India -LRB- Bhārat Gaṇarājya '' -RRB- , is a country in South Asia . It is the seventh-largest country by area , the second-most populous country -LRB- with over 1.2 billion people -RRB- , and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the southwest , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar -LRB- Burma -RRB- and Bangladesh to the east . In the Indian Ocean , India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . India 's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE . In the following millennium , the oldest scriptures associated with Hinduism began to be composed . Social stratification , based on caste , emerged in the first millennium BCE , and Buddhism and Jainism arose . Early political consolidations took place under the Maurya and Gupta empires ; the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms influenced cultures as far as southeast Asia . In the medieval era , Judaism , Zoroastrianism , Christianity , and Islam arrived , and Sikhism emerged , all adding to the region 's diverse culture . Much of the north fell to the Delhi sultanate ; the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire . The economy expanded in the 17th century in the Mughal Empire . In the mid-18th century , the subcontinent came under British East India Company rule , and in the mid-19th under British crown rule . A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century , which later , under Mahatma Gandhi , was noted for nonviolent resistance and led to India 's independence in 1947 . In 2015 , the Indian economy was the world 's seventh largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity . Following market-based economic reforms in 1991 , India became one of the fastest-growing major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country . However , it continues to face the challenges of poverty , corruption , malnutrition , and inadequate public healthcare . A nuclear weapons state and regional power , it has the third largest standing army in the world and ranks fifth in military expenditure among nations . India is a federal republic governed under a parliamentary system and consists of 29 states and 7 union territories . It is a pluralistic , multilingual and multi-ethnic society and is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats . | The Department of Telecommunications , abbreviated to DoT , is a department of the Ministry of Communications of the executive branch of the Government of India . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Selene only serves as a minor character in the film Underworld. | Selene , portrayed by British actress Kate Beckinsale , is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the Underworld film series . More specifically , she serves as the central character in the films Underworld -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , Underworld : Evolution -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Underworld : Awakening -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , and Underworld : Blood Wars -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . Beckinsale 's daughter , Lily Mo Sheen , plays the character as a child in a flashback in Underworld : Evolution . In Underworld : Endless War , Selene is voiced by Canadian voice actress Laura Harris . | Séraphine is a 2008 French-Belgian film directed by Martin Provost and written by Marc Abdelnour and Provost . It stars Yolande Moreau as the French painter Séraphine Louis and Ulrich Tukur as Wilhelm Uhde . It won the 2009 César Award for Best Film . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Death in Paradise (TV series) is a British-French series. | Death in Paradise is a British-French crime comedy-drama television series created by Robert Thorogood , starring Ben Miller -LRB- series 1 -- 3 -RRB- , Kris Marshall -LRB- series 3 -- 6 -RRB- & Ardal O'Hanlon -LRB- series 6 -- present -RRB- . The programme is a joint UK and French production filmed on the French Caribbean island of Guadeloupe and broadcast on BBC One in the United Kingdom and France 2 in France . Death in Paradise has enjoyed high ratings , leading to repeated renewals . A sixth series began broadcasting on 5 January 2017 and aired its finale on 23 February , with the subsequent DVD release occurring three days later on 27 February 2017 . The series will return in 2018 for a seventh series . | The French and Canadian animated television series Totally Spies ! follows the adventures of three Beverly Hills teenage girls -- Sam , Clover , and Alex -- who work as secret agents on missions to save the world , involving real locations and some fictional ones . The series comprises six seasons divided into 156 episodes . Framing each episode is a side story in which the girls deal with high school life and its situations . Most of the episodes are self-contained . In season 3 , also titled Totally Spies ! Undercover , the three girls share a villa , and at the end of that season , they are promoted to super spies in the organization and are referred to as such for season 4 . Season 5 follows the girls ' adventures as they continue onto university . Totally Spies ! premiered on November 3 , 2001 on ABC Family . It later premiered in Europe on channels such as Germany 's ProSieben , France 's TF1 and the United Kingdom 's Channel 4 during the spring of 2002 . The show was moved to Cartoon Network in fall 2003 where it enjoyed much success , and continued airing for a total of five seasons until 2009 . It spawned a feature film Totally Spies ! The Movie and a spin-off series The Amazing Spiez ! . In 2013 , the show was revived for a sixth season , premiering at an event at the Palace of Versailles . 26 episodes were broadcast on French television and networks across Europe starting in September 4 , 2013 . In Canada , the sixth season premiered on September 7 , 2014 on Teletoon , and on September 6 on sister station Télétoon . The show has been broadcast worldwide on various networks , including TF1 in France , Teletoon in Canada , Cartoon Network in the USA and Latin America , Rede Globo in Brazil , Disney Channel and Nickelodeon in Asia , Africa , and Europe -LRB- formerly Fox Kids and Jetix -RRB- . The head writers for the show were Robert and Michelle Lamoreaux who were based in Los Angeles , and who had worked on Nickelodeon shows . The theme song for the first two seasons is `` Here We Go '' by Moonbaby -LRB- Miranda Cooper and Brian Higgins -RRB- , but with lyrics changed slightly to fit the show . Seasons 3 -- 5 use the same song but as instrumentals . During the closing credits of season 3 -- 4 , one of the girls is interviewed . The sixth season uses a different theme song . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Arrested Development is about a family. | Arrested Development is an American television sitcom created by Mitchell Hurwitz , which originally aired on Fox for three seasons from November 2 , 2003 to February 10 , 2006 . A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26 , 2013 . The show follows the fictitious Bluth family , a formerly wealthy and habitually dysfunctional family . It is presented in a continuous format , incorporating handheld camera work and voice-over narration , as well as the use of occasional archival photos and historical footage . The show also utilizes several long-running `` Easter egg '' jokes throughout each season . Ron Howard serves as both an executive producer and the series ' uncredited narrator . Set in Newport Beach , California , Arrested Development was filmed primarily in Culver City and Marina del Rey . After its debut in 2003 , the series received widespread critical acclaim , six Primetime Emmy Awards , and one Golden Globe Award , and has attracted a cult following , including several fan-based websites . In 2007 , Time listed the show among its `` All-TIME 100 TV Shows '' ; in 2008 , it was ranked 16th on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , IGN named Arrested Development the `` funniest show of all time '' . Its humor has been cited as a key influence on later single-camera sitcoms such as 30 Rock and Community . Despite critical acclaim , Arrested Development received low ratings and viewership on Fox , which canceled the series in 2006 . Rumors of an additional season and a feature film persisted until 2011 , when Netflix agreed to license new episodes and distribute them exclusively on its video streaming service . These episodes were later released in 2013 . Netflix has also commissioned a fifth season of Arrested Development which will premiere in 2018 . | Divorce in the Family is a 1932 American pre-Code drama film directed by Charles Reisner and written by Delmer Daves . The film stars Jackie Cooper , Conrad Nagel , Lewis Stone , Lois Wilson and Jean Parker . The film was released on August 27 , 1932 , by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lithuania's capital city is not Vilnius. | Lithuania -LRB- UK and US : -LSB- lɪθuː ` eɪniə -RSB- , Lietuva -LSB- lʲɪɛtʊˈvɐ -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Lithuania -LRB- -LSB- Lietuvos Respublika , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a country in Northern Europe . One of the three Baltic states , it is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea , to the east of Sweden and Denmark . It is bordered by Latvia to the north , Belarus to the east and south , Poland to the south , and Kaliningrad Oblast -LRB- a Russian exclave -RRB- to the southwest . Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.8 million people , and its capital and largest city is Vilnius . Lithuanians are a Baltic people . The official language , Lithuanian , along with Latvian , is one of only two living languages in the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family . For centuries , the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Baltic tribes . In the 1230s , the Lithuanian lands were united by Mindaugas , the King of Lithuania , and the first unified Lithuanian state , the Kingdom of Lithuania , was created on 6 July 1253 . During the 14th century , the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was the largest country in Europe ; present-day Lithuania , Belarus , Ukraine , and parts of Poland and Russia were the territories of the Grand Duchy . With the Lublin Union of 1569 , Lithuania and Poland formed a voluntary two-state union , the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth . The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries , until neighboring countries systematically dismantled it from 1772 -- 95 , with the Russian Empire annexing most of Lithuania 's territory . As World War I neared its end , Lithuania 's Act of Independence was signed on 16 February 1918 , declaring the founding of the modern Republic of Lithuania . In the midst of the Second World War , Lithuania was first occupied by the Soviet Union and then by Nazi Germany . As World War II neared its end and the Germans retreated , the Soviet Union reoccupied Lithuania . On 11 March 1990 , a year before the formal dissolution of the Soviet Union , Lithuania became the first Soviet republic to declare itself independent , resulting in the restoration of an independent State of Lithuania . Lithuania is a member of the European Union , the Council of Europe , a full member of the Eurozone , Schengen Agreement and NATO . It is also a member of the Nordic Investment Bank , and part of Nordic-Baltic cooperation of Northern European countries . The United Nations Human Development Index lists Lithuania as a `` very high human development '' country . Lithuania has been among the fastest growing economies in the European Union and is ranked 21st in the world in the Ease of Doing Business Index . | Denmark -- Lithuania relations are foreign relations between Denmark and Lithuania . Lithuania has an embassy in Copenhagen , and Denmark has an embassy in Vilnius . Both countries are members of EU and NATO . Bilateral relations were re-established on 24 August 1991 . Denmark has since Lithuania 's independence provided a political and economic moral to Lithuania . Denmark also supported Lithuania in the European Union and NATO . From 1990 to 2003 , Denmark contributed $ 1 billion . In 2006 , Danish exports to Lithuania amounted 442 million euro . Imports from Lithuania amounted 469 million euro . Many Danish companies have established subsidiaries in Lithuania . Since 1991 , Denmark and Lithuania has cooperated in the field of military defence . Lithuania has a defense cooperation with Denmark . The Lithuanian and Danish military works together , in Kosovo , Iraq and Afghanistan . On 2 May 2003 , Lithuanian President Rolandas Paksas visited Denmark . On 2 May 2005 , and again on 9 April 2008 , Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen visited Lithuania . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Tim Rice was employed on King David with Alan Menken. | Sir Timothy Miles Bindon `` Tim '' Rice -LRB- born 10 November 1944 -RRB- is an English author and Academy Award , Golden Globe Award , Tony Award , and Grammy Award-winning lyricist . He is best known for his collaborations with Andrew Lloyd Webber , with whom he wrote Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat , Jesus Christ Superstar , and Evita ; with Björn Ulvaeus and Benny Andersson of ABBA , with whom he wrote Chess ; for additional songs for the 2011 West End revival of The Wizard of Oz ; and for his work for Walt Disney Studios with Alan Menken -LRB- Aladdin , Beauty and the Beast , King David -RRB- , Elton John -LRB- The Lion King , Aida , The Road to El Dorado -RRB- and Ennio Morricone . One of the most celebrated lyricists in British popular culture , Rice was knighted by Elizabeth II for services to music in 1994 . He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , is an inductee into the Songwriter 's Hall of Fame , is a Disney Legend recipient , and is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters , Composers and Authors . The 2016 Sunday Times Rich List values Rice at # 150m ; the 15th richest music millionaire in the UK . | Daniel F. Rice -LRB- 1896 -- 1975 -RRB- and his wife Ada L. Rice -LRB- 1898 -- 1977 -RRB- were American business people , thoroughbred racehorse owners and breeders , and philanthropists . Dan Rice was educated in the public school system of Chicago , Illinois and spent two years at Depaul University and the University of Notre Dame . In 1919 , he founded his own commodity brokerage , Daniel F. Rice and Company . His company became successful over the 35 years that he ran it . The company merged with Hayden , Stone & Co. in 1960 . Rice later ran Rice Grain Corporation . Dan Rice and his wife , Ada , contributed to many charities and organizations and created the Rice Foundation which is still running today . The Rice Foundation gives contributions to places that the Rices believed in such as programs to prevent child abuse and for many research areas such as plant development and preservation , medical advancement and animal conservation . Additionally , the Foundation supports the arts such as the Chicago History Museum , the Art Institute of Chicago , the Lyric Opera of Chicago and other museums . Because the Rices were widely respected for their extensive philanthropies in the Chicago area , a number of places are named in their honor in the region . The combination of their first names formed Danada and appears in many places in Wheaton , Illinois . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.David Carradine directed. | David Carradine -LRB- born John Arthur Carradine ; December 8 , 1936 -- June 3 , 2009 -RRB- was an American actor and martial artist . He was known for his leading role as a peace-loving Shaolin monk , Kwai Chang Caine , in the 1970s television series Kung Fu . He was also known for playing Frankenstein in the original Death Race movie and Bill in both Kill Bill films . He was a member of an acting family that began with his father , John Carradine . Carradine 's acting career , which included major and minor roles on stage and television , and in cinema , spanned over four decades . A prolific `` B '' movie actor , he appeared in more than 100 feature films in career spanning over sixty years . He was nominated for four Golden Globe Awards , for projects such as the television series Kung Fu -LRB- 1972 -- 1975 -RRB- , the Woody Guthrie biopic Bound for Glory -LRB- 1976 -RRB- and the miniseries North and South -LRB- 1985 -RRB- . His final nomination came in the category of Best Supporting Actor for portraying the titular character in Quentin Tarantino 's Kill Bill : Volume 2 -LRB- 2004 -RRB- . Films that featured Carradine continued to be released after his death . These posthumous credits were from a variety of genres including action , documentaries , drama , horror , martial arts , science fiction , and westerns . In addition to his acting career , Carradine was a director and musician . Moreover , influenced by his most popular acting role , he studied martial arts . He was sometimes arrested and prosecuted for a variety of offenses , which often involved substance abuse . He died on June 3 , 2009 , in a hotel room in Bangkok , Thailand from auto-erotic asphyxiation . | , released in July 1966 , is the first film made by Japanese director Kōji Wakamatsu independently of any movie studio . It was released just months after he had left Nikkatsu and formed his own company , Wakamatsu Productions . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Who is a group of music artists. | The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964 . Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey , guitarist and singer Pete Townshend , bass guitarist John Entwistle , and drummer Keith Moon . They are considered one of the most influential rock bands of the 20th century , selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows and studio work . The Who developed from an earlier group , the Detours , and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements , featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars and drums on stage . Their first single as the Who , `` I Ca n't Explain '' , reached the UK top ten , followed by a string of singles including `` My Generation '' , `` Substitute '' and `` Happy Jack '' . In 1967 , they performed at the Monterey Pop Festival and released the US top ten single `` I Can See for Miles '' , while touring extensively . The group 's fourth album , 1969 's rock opera Tommy , included the single `` Pinball Wizard '' and was a critical and commercial success . Live appearances at Woodstock and the Isle of Wight Festival , along with the live album Live at Leeds , cemented their reputation as a respected rock act . With their success came increased pressure on lead songwriter and visionary Townshend , and the follow-up to Tommy , Lifehouse , was abandoned . Songs from the project made up 1971 's Who 's Next , which included the hit `` Wo n't Get Fooled Again '' . The group released the album Quadrophenia in 1973 as a celebration of their mod roots , and oversaw the film adaptation of Tommy in 1975 . They continued to tour to large audiences before semi-retiring from live performances at the end of 1976 . The release of Who Are You in 1978 was overshadowed by the death of Moon shortly after . Kenney Jones replaced Moon and the group resumed activity , releasing a film adaptation of Quadrophenia and the retrospective documentary The Kids Are Alright . After Townshend became weary of touring , the group split in 1982 . The Who occasionally re-formed for live appearances such as Live Aid in 1985 , a 25th anniversary tour in 1989 and a tour of Quadrophenia in 1996 -- 1997 . They resumed regular touring in 1999 , with drummer Zak Starkey . After Entwistle 's death in 2002 , plans for a new album were delayed . Townshend and Daltrey continued as the Who , releasing Endless Wire in 2006 , and continued to play live regularly . The Who 's major contributions to rock music include the development of the Marshall stack , large PA systems , use of the synthesizer , Entwistle and Moon 's lead playing styles , Townshend 's feedback and power chord guitar technique , and the development of the rock opera . They are cited as an influence by hard rock , punk rock and mod bands , and their songs still receive regular exposure . | The Ex are a Dutch music group from Amsterdam founded in 1979 . In three decades as band , they have moved from playing anarcho punk to post punk , jazz , folk and African music . They have collaborated on records with fellow indie musicians Chumbawamba , Dog Faced Hermans , Tortoise and Sonic Youth , improvisers like Tom Cora and the Instant Composers Pool , and toured with African musicians Konono No. 1 and Getatchew Mekurya . The band have released many albums on their own label , Ex Records . Members of The Ex also run small labels through which they release solo material and collaborations with other artists . These include Terrie Hessels ' Terp Records , Andy Moor 's Unsounds , and Arnold de Boer 's Makkum . The Ex distribute all these through their website , along with recordings and publications by founding member and former vocalist G.W. Sok . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor is capable of saving many lives. | The Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor is a fifth-generation , single-seat , twin-engine , all-weather stealth tactical fighter aircraft developed for the United States Air Force -LRB- USAF -RRB- . The result of the USAF 's Advanced Tactical Fighter program , the aircraft was designed primarily as an air superiority fighter , but also has ground attack , electronic warfare , and signal intelligence capabilities . The prime contractor , Lockheed Martin , built most of the F-22 's airframe and weapons systems and did its final assembly , while Boeing provided the wings , aft fuselage , avionics integration , and training systems . The aircraft was variously designated F-22 and F/A -22 before it formally entered service in December 2005 as the F-22A . After a protracted development and despite operational issues , the USAF considers the F-22 critical to its tactical air power , and says that the aircraft is unmatched by any known or projected fighter . The Raptor 's combination of stealth , aerodynamic performance , and situational awareness gives the aircraft unprecedented air combat capabilities . The high cost of the aircraft , a lack of clear air-to-air missions due to delays in Russian and Chinese fighter programs , a ban on exports , and development of the more versatile F-35 led to the end of F-22 production . A final procurement tally of 187 operational production aircraft was established in 2009 , and the last F-22 was delivered to the USAF in 2012 . | The 322d Expeditionary Reconnaissance Squadron is a provisional unit of the United States Air Force , assigned to Air Combat Command to activate or inactivate as needed . The squadron was first activated in 1942 as the 322d Bombardment Squadron . After training in the United States , the squadron entered combat in the European Theater of Operations , where it was awarded two Distinguished Unit Citations for its actions . Following V-E Day , the squadron returned to the United States , where it was inactivated . The squadron was redesignated the 322d Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron and activated at Barksdale Air Force Base , Louisiana in 1950 . Squadron elements deployed and again saw combat during the Korean War . It was inactivated at Lockbourne Air Force Base , Ohio in 1957 . In 1963 , it returned to the bombardment role at Glasgow Air Force Base , Montana . It deployed crews and aircraft to Andersen Air Force Base , which participated in the Vietnam War . The squadron was inactivated on 25 June 1968 as Glasgow closed and older models of the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress were withdrawn from service . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Mariah Carey signed a $100 million contract with Virgin Records America. | Mariah Carey -LRB- born March 27 , 1969 or 1970 -RRB- is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , and actress . In 1990 , she rose to fame with the release of `` Vision of Love '' from her eponymous debut album . The album produced four chart-topping singles in the US and began what would become a string of commercially successful albums which solidified the singer as Columbias highest selling act . Carey and Boyz II Men spent a record sixteen weeks atop the Billboard Hot 100 in 1995 -- 96 with `` One Sweet Day , '' which remains the longest-running number-one song in US chart history . Following a contentious divorce from Sony Music head Tommy Mottola , Carey adopted a new image and traversed towards hip hop with the release of Butterfly -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . In 1998 , she was honored as the world 's best-selling recording artist of the 1990s at the World Music Awards and subsequently named the best-selling female artist of the millennium in 2000 . Carey parted with Columbia in 2000 , and signed a record-breaking $ 100 million recording contract with Virgin Records America . In the weeks prior to the release of her film Glitter and its accompanying soundtrack in 2001 , she suffered a physical and emotional breakdown and was hospitalized for severe exhaustion . The project was poorly received and led to a general decline in the singer 's career . Carey 's recording contract was bought out for $ 50 million by Virgin and she signed a multi-million dollar deal with Island Records the following year . After a relatively unsuccessful period , she returned to the top of music charts with The Emancipation of Mimi -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . The album became the best-selling album in the US and the second best-seller worldwide in 2005 and produced `` We Belong Together , '' which became her most successful single of the 2000s , and was later named `` Song of the Decade '' by Billboard . Carey once again ventured into film with a well-received supporting role in Precious -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , and was awarded the `` Breakthrough Performance Award '' at the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Throughout her career , Carey has sold more than 200 million records worldwide , making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time . According to the RIAA , she is the third-best-selling female artist in the United States , with 63.5 million certified albums . With the release of `` Touch My Body '' -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Carey gained her 18th number-one single in the United States , more than any other solo artist . In 2012 , the singer was ranked second on VH1 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Women in Music . '' Aside from her commercial accomplishments , Carey has won 5 Grammy Awards , 19 World Music Awards , 11 American Music Awards , and 14 Billboard Music Awards and has been consistently credited with inspiring a generation of singers . Referred to as the `` songbird supreme '' by the Guinness World Records , she has a five-octave vocal range , power , melismatic style and signature use of the whistle register . | One in a Million is the second studio album by American R&B recording artist Aaliyah , first released on August 27 , 1996 by Blackground Records and Atlantic Records . The album was recorded from August 1995 to July 1996 with a variety of producers including Timbaland , Missy Elliott , Carl-So-Lowe , J. Dibbs , Jermaine Dupri , Kay Gee , Vincent Herbert , Rodney Jerkins , Craig King , Darren Lighty , and Darryl Simmons . The album featured several guest vocalists , including Missy Elliott , Timbaland , Treach , Slick Rick , and Tank . One in a Million was well received by most critics , including Rolling Stone , who named it the 90th best album of the 1990s . It was also listed as one of 33 hip hop/R & B albums in Rolling Stones `` Essential Recordings of the '90s '' . One in a Million debuted at twenty on the Billboard 200 chart , selling 40,500 copies in its opening week ; twenty-two weeks later the album peaked at eighteen , being certified Gold by RIAA . Within a few months , the album proved Aaliyah 's breakthrough and a major milestone in the careers of Missy Elliott and Timbaland . It was certified double Platinum on June 16 , 1997 . The album was also certified Gold by the Canadian recording industry for shipments of 50,000 copies . One in a Million has sold over three million copies in the United States and 8 million copies worldwide . The album produced six singles , `` If Your Girl Only Knew '' , `` One in a Million '' , `` Got to Give It Up '' , `` 4 Page Letter '' , `` Hot Like Fire '' , and `` The One I Gave My Heart To '' , with the last becoming the album 's highest-charting single , peaking at nine on the US Billboard Hot 100 . In 2004 , the album was re-released in Germany with altered artwork , and again in 2006 . The disc is copy-protected , and therefore will not show up when placed in some PCs , but it will show up when inserted into a Mac , and it will play in most CD players . It included the standard 17 tracks , plus the bonus song `` Come Over '' . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Marlon Brando failed to be in Sayonara. | Marlon Brando , Jr. -LRB- April 3 , 1924 -- July 1 , 2004 -RRB- was an American actor , film director and political activist . He is credited with bringing realism to film acting . He helped to popularize the Stanislavski system of acting , studying with Stella Adler in the 1940s . Brando is widely known for his Academy Award-winning performances as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront -LRB- 1954 -RRB- and Vito Corleone in The Godfather -LRB- 1972 -RRB- , as well as his performances in A Streetcar Named Desire -LRB- 1951 -RRB- , Viva Zapata ! -LRB- 1952 -RRB- , Julius Caesar -LRB- 1953 -RRB- , The Wild One -LRB- 1953 -RRB- , Guys and Dolls -LRB- 1955 -RRB- , Sayonara -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , Reflections in a Golden Eye -LRB- 1967 -RRB- , Last Tango in Paris -LRB- 1972 -RRB- , and Apocalypse Now -LRB- 1979 -RRB- . Brando was also an activist for many causes , notably the Civil Rights Movement and various Native American movements . He initially gained acclaim and an Academy Award nomination for reprising the role of Stanley Kowalski in the 1951 film adaptation of Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire , a role that he had originated successfully on Broadway . He received further praise for his performance as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront , and his portrayal of the rebel motorcycle gang leader Johnny Strabler in The Wild One proved to be a lasting image in popular culture . Brando received Academy Award nominations for playing Emiliano Zapata in Viva Zapata ! ; Mark Antony in Joseph L. Mankiewicz 's 1953 film adaptation of Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar ; and Air Force Major Lloyd Gruver in Sayonara -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , an adaption of James Michener 's 1954 novel . Brando was included in a list of Top Ten Money Making Stars three times in the 1950s , coming in at number 10 in 1954 , number 6 in 1955 , and number 4 in 1958 . The 1960s proved to be a fallow decade for Brando . He directed and starred in the cult western film One-Eyed Jacks , a critical and commercial flop , after which he delivered a series of box-office failures , beginning with the 1962 film adaptation of the novel Mutiny on the Bounty . After 10 years , during which he did not appear in a successful film , he won his second Academy Award for playing Vito Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola 's The Godfather , a role critics consider among his greatest . The Godfather was then one of the most commercially successful films of all time . With that and his Oscar-nominated performance in Last Tango in Paris , Brando re-established himself in the ranks of top box-office stars , placing sixth and tenth in the Money Making Stars poll in 1972 and 1973 , respectively . Brando took a four-year hiatus before appearing in The Missouri Breaks -LRB- 1976 -RRB- . After this , he was content with being a highly paid character actor in cameo roles , such as in Superman -LRB- 1978 -RRB- and The Formula -LRB- 1980 -RRB- , before taking a nine-year break from motion pictures . According to the Guinness Book of World Records , Brando was paid a record $ 3.7 million -LRB- $ million in inflation-adjusted dollars -RRB- and 11.75 % of the gross profits for 13 days ' work on Superman . He finished out the 1970s with his controversial performance as Colonel Kurtz in another Coppola film , Apocalypse Now , a box-office hit for which he was highly paid and which helped finance his career layoff during the 1980s . Brando was ranked by the American Film Institute as the fourth-greatest movie star among male movie stars whose screen debuts occurred in or before 1950 . He was one of only three professional actors , along with Charlie Chaplin and Marilyn Monroe , named in 1999 by Time magazine as one of its 100 Most Important People of the Century . He died of respiratory failure on July 1 , 2004 , at age 80 . | Sardinia Kidnapped -LRB- Sequestro di persona , lit . `` Kidnapped '' -RRB- , also known as Ransom in Sardinia , Island of Crime and Unlawful Restraint , is a 1968 Italian poliziotteschi film directed by Gianfranco Mingozzi and starring Franco Nero , Charlotte Rampling and Frank Wolff . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Giada De Laurentiis has contributed to a show. | Giada Pamela De Laurentiis -LRB- -LSB- ˈdʒaːda paˈmɛːla de lauˈrɛnti.is -RSB- ; born August 22 , 1970 -RRB- is an Italian-born American chef , writer , television personality , and the host of the current Food Network television program Giada at Home . She also appears regularly as a contributor and guest co-host on NBC 's Today . De Laurentiis is the founder of the catering business GDL Foods . She is a winner of the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lifestyle Host , and in 2012 , she was inducted into the Culinary Hall of Fame . | Submission is an American erotic thriller mini-series created by Jacky St. James and Paul Fishbein , starring Ashlynn Yennie , Justin Berti , Victoria Levine and Skin Diamond . The series premiered on Showtime on 12 May 2016 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Arrested Development is set in Pennsylvania. | Arrested Development is an American television sitcom created by Mitchell Hurwitz , which originally aired on Fox for three seasons from November 2 , 2003 to February 10 , 2006 . A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26 , 2013 . The show follows the fictitious Bluth family , a formerly wealthy and habitually dysfunctional family . It is presented in a continuous format , incorporating handheld camera work and voice-over narration , as well as the use of occasional archival photos and historical footage . The show also utilizes several long-running `` Easter egg '' jokes throughout each season . Ron Howard serves as both an executive producer and the series ' uncredited narrator . Set in Newport Beach , California , Arrested Development was filmed primarily in Culver City and Marina del Rey . After its debut in 2003 , the series received widespread critical acclaim , six Primetime Emmy Awards , and one Golden Globe Award , and has attracted a cult following , including several fan-based websites . In 2007 , Time listed the show among its `` All-TIME 100 TV Shows '' ; in 2008 , it was ranked 16th on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , IGN named Arrested Development the `` funniest show of all time '' . Its humor has been cited as a key influence on later single-camera sitcoms such as 30 Rock and Community . Despite critical acclaim , Arrested Development received low ratings and viewership on Fox , which canceled the series in 2006 . Rumors of an additional season and a feature film persisted until 2011 , when Netflix agreed to license new episodes and distribute them exclusively on its video streaming service . These episodes were later released in 2013 . Netflix has also commissioned a fifth season of Arrested Development which will premiere in 2018 . | Pennsbury Manor is a recreated colonial estate in Falls Township , Bucks County , Pennsylvania . From 1683 to 1701 , it was the American home of William Penn , founder and proprietor of the Colony of Pennsylvania . The estate and its buildings were recreated in the 1930s . The property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 28 , 1969 . The manor house and grounds are administered by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission in association with The Pennsbury Society , and are open to the public . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The memory of Titanic is kept alive in several ways. | RMS Titanic -LRB- -LSB- taɪˈtænɪk -RSB- -RRB- was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning of 15 April 1912 , after colliding with an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City . Of the estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard , more than 1,500 died , making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history . The largest ship afloat at the time it entered service , the RMS Titanic was the second of three s operated by the White Star Line , and was built by the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast . Thomas Andrews , her architect , died in the disaster . Under the command of Edward Smith , who went down with the ship , Titanic carried some of the wealthiest people in the world , as well as hundreds of emigrants from Great Britain and Ireland , Scandinavia and elsewhere throughout Europe seeking a new life in North America . The first-class accommodation was designed to be the pinnacle of comfort and luxury , with an on-board gymnasium , swimming pool , libraries , high-class restaurants and opulent cabins . A high-power radiotelegraph transmitter was available for sending passenger `` marconigrams '' and for the ship 's operational use . Although Titanic had advanced safety features such as watertight compartments and remotely activated watertight doors , there were not enough lifeboats to accommodate all of those aboard , due to outdated maritime safety regulations . Titanic only carried enough lifeboats for 1,178 people -- slightly more than half of the number on board , and one third of her total capacity . After leaving Southampton on 10 April 1912 , Titanic called at Cherbourg in France and Queenstown -LRB- now Cobh -RRB- in Ireland before heading west to New York . On 14 April , four days into the crossing and about 375 mi south of Newfoundland , she hit an iceberg at 11:40 p.m. ship 's time . The collision caused the ship 's hull plates to buckle inwards along her starboard -LRB- right -RRB- side and opened five of her sixteen watertight compartments to the sea ; she could only survive four flooding . Meanwhile , passengers and some crew members were evacuated in lifeboats , many of which were launched only partially loaded . A disproportionate number of men were left aboard because of a `` women and children first '' protocol for loading lifeboats . At 2:20 a.m. , she broke apart and foundered -- with well over one thousand people still aboard . Just under two hours after Titanic sank , the Cunard liner arrived at the scene , where she brought aboard an estimated 705 survivors . The disaster was greeted with worldwide shock and outrage at the huge loss of life and the regulatory and operational failures that had led to it . Public inquiries in Britain and the United States led to major improvements in maritime safety . One of their most important legacies was the establishment in 1914 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea -LRB- SOLAS -RRB- , which still governs maritime safety today . Additionally , several new wireless regulations were passed around the world in an effort to learn from the many missteps in wireless communications -- which could have saved many more passengers . The wreck of Titanic , first discovered over 70 years after the sinking , remains on the seabed , split in two and gradually disintegrating at a depth of 12415 ft. Since her discovery in 1985 , thousands of artefacts have been recovered and put on display at museums around the world . Titanic has become one of the most famous ships in history ; her memory is kept alive by numerous works of popular culture , including books , folk songs , films , exhibits , and memorials . Titanic is the second largest ocean liner wreck in the world , only beaten by her sister , the largest ever sunk . | Titanic began its awards sweep starting with the Golden Globes , winning four , namely Best Motion Picture -- Drama , Best Director , Best Original Score , and Best Original Song . Kate Winslet and Gloria Stuart were also nominees . It won the ACE `` Eddie '' Award , ASC Award , Art Directors Guild Award , Cinema Audio Society Awards , Screen Actors Guild Award -LRB- Best Supporting Actress for Gloria Stuart -RRB- , The Directors Guild of America Award , and Broadcast Film Critics Association Award -LRB- Best Director for James Cameron -RRB- , and The Producer Guild of America Award . It was also nominated for ten BAFTA awards , including Best Film and Best Director ; it failed to win any . The film garnered fourteen Academy Awards nominations , tying the record set in 1950 by Joseph L. Mankiewicz 's All About Eve and won eleven : Best Picture -LRB- the second film about the Titanic to win that award , after 1933 's Cavalcade -RRB- , Best Director , Best Art Direction , Best Cinematography , Best Visual Effects , Best Film Editing , Best Costume Design , Best Sound -LRB- Gary Rydstrom , Tom Johnson , Gary Summers , Mark Ulano -RRB- , Best Sound Effects Editing , Best Original Dramatic Score , Best Original Song . Kate Winslet , Gloria Stuart and the make-up artists were the three nominees that did not win . James Cameron 's original screenplay and Leonardo DiCaprio were not nominees . It was the second film to win eleven Academy Awards , after Ben-Hur . The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King would also match this record in 2004 . Titanic won the 1997 Academy Award for Best Original Song , as well as three Grammy Awards for Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or Television . The film 's soundtrack became the best-selling primarily orchestral soundtrack of all time , and became a worldwide success , spending sixteen weeks at number-one in the United States , and was certified diamond for over eleven million copies sold in the United States alone . The soundtrack also became the best-selling album of 1998 in the U.S. `` My Heart Will Go On '' won the Grammy Awards for Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television . The film also won Best Male Performance for Leonardo DiCaprio and Best Movie at the MTV Movie Awards , Best Film at the People 's Choice Awards , and Favorite Movie at the 1998 Kids ' Choice Awards . It won various awards outside the United States , including the Awards of the Japanese Academy as the Best Foreign Film of the Year . Titanic eventually won nearly ninety awards and had an additional forty-seven nominations from various award-giving bodies around the world . Additionally , the book about the making of the film was at the top of The New York Times '' ' bestseller list for several weeks , `` the first time that such a tie-in book had achieved this status '' . Since its release , Titanic '' has appeared on six American Film Institute 's award-winning 100 Years ... series . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Albany, New York, is a city in the United States. | Albany -LRB- -LSB- ˈɔːlbəni -RSB- -RRB- is the capital of the U.S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County . Roughly 150 mi north of New York City , Albany developed on the west bank of the Hudson River , about 10 mi south of its confluence with the Mohawk River . The population of the City of Albany was 97,856 according to the 2010 census . Albany constitutes the economic and cultural core of the Capital District of New York State , which comprises the Albany-Schenectady-Troy , NY Metropolitan Statistical Area , including the nearby cities and suburbs of Troy , Schenectady , and Saratoga Springs . With a 2013 Census-estimated population of 1.1 million the Capital District is the third-most populous metropolitan region in the state and 38th in the United States . Fortune 500 companies with offices in Albany include American Express , J.P. Morgan and Chase , Merrill Lynch , General Electric , Verizon , Goldman Sachs , International Paper , and Key Bank . In the 21st century , the Capital District has emerged as a major anchor of Tech Valley , the moniker describing the technologically-focused region of eastern New York State . This was the first European settlement in the state . It was settled by Dutch colonists who in 1614 , built Fort Nassau for fur trading and Fort Orange in 1624 . They formed successful relations with both the Mahican and the Mohawk peoples , two major Native American nations in the region . The fur trade attracted settlers who founded a village called Beverwijck near Fort Orange . In 1664 the English took over the Dutch settlements , renaming the city as Albany , in honor of the then Duke of Albany , the future James II of England and James VII of Scotland . The city was officially chartered in 1686 under English rule . It became the capital of New York State in 1797 , following the United States gaining independence in the American Revolutionary War . Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements of the original British thirteen colonies , and the longest continuously chartered city in the United States . Its charter is possibly the longest-running instrument of municipal government in the Western Hemisphere . During the late 18th century and throughout most of the 19th , Albany was a center of trade and transportation . It is on the north end of the navigable Hudson River , was the original eastern terminus of the Erie Canal connecting to the Great Lakes , and was home to some of the earliest railroad systems in the world . Albany 's main exports at the time were beer , lumber , published works , and ironworks . Beginning in 1810 , Albany was one of the ten most populous cities in the United States , a distinction it held until the 1860 census . Albany is one of the first cities in the world to have installed public water mains , sewer lines , natural gas lines and electricity , infrastructure and utilities that attracted and supported substantial new industry to the city and surrounding area during the 19th century . In the 20th century , the city opened one of the first commercial airports in the world , the precursor of today 's Albany International Airport . During the 1920s a powerful political machine controlled by the Democratic Party arose in the state capital , connected to politics in New York City as well . It marshalled the power of immigrants and their descendants in both cities . The city 's skyline changed in the 1960s and 1970s with the construction of office towers around the Empire State Plaza and at the uptown campus of SUNY Albany , mainly under the direction of Governor Nelson Rockefeller . While Albany experienced a decline in its population due to urban sprawl and suburbanization , many of its historic neighborhoods were saved from destruction through the policies of Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd , the longest-serving mayor of any city in the United States . In the early 21st century , Albany has experienced growth in the high-technology industry , with great strides in the nanotechnology sector . Albany has been a center of higher education for over a century , with much of the remainder of its economy dependent on state government and health care services . The city has rebounded from the urban decline of the 1970s and 1980s , with noticeable development taking place in the city 's downtown and midtown neighborhoods . Albany is known for its rich history , commerce , culture , architecture , and institutions of higher education . Albany won the All-America City Award in both 1991 and 2009 . | Amsterdam is a town in Montgomery County , New York , United States . The population was 5,566 at the 2010 census . The town is named after Amsterdam , the capital of the Netherlands . The town is adjacent to and borders the city of Amsterdam on three sides . The town is on the county 's northeastern border . The Erie Canal passes along the southern border of the town . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Melanie Griffith was in an American action comedy film. | Melanie Richards Griffith -LRB- born August 9 , 1957 -RRB- is an American actress . Griffith began her career as an adolescent in nonspeaking film roles before making her credited debut opposite Gene Hackman in Arthur Penn 's Night Moves -LRB- 1975 -RRB- . She rose to prominence for her role in Brian De Palma 's Body Double -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , which earned her a National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress . Griffith 's subsequent performance in Something Wild -LRB- 1986 -RRB- garnered critical acclaim before she was cast in 1988 's Working Girl , which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress and won her a Golden Globe . The 1990s saw Griffith in a series of roles which received varying critical reception : she received Golden Globe nominations for her performances in Buffalo Girls -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , and as Marion Davies in RKO 281 -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , while also earning a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress for her performances in Shining Through -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as receiving nominations for Crazy in Alabama -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and John Waters ' cult film Cecil B. Demented -LRB- 2000 -RRB- . Other roles include in John Schlesinger 's Pacific Heights -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Milk Money -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , the neo-noir film Mulholland Falls -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , as Charlotte Haze in Adrian Lyne 's Lolita -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , and Another Day in Paradise -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . She later starred as Barbara Marx in The Night We Called It a Day -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , and has appeared on the television series Nip/Tuck , Raising Hope , and Hawaii Five-0 . After acting on stage in London , in 2003 she made her Broadway debut in a revival of the musical Chicago , receiving celebratory reviews that made it a box office success . | Advance to the Rear is a light-hearted 1964 American western comedy film set in the American Civil War . It stars Glenn Ford , Stella Stevens and Melvyn Douglas and is directed by George Marshall . The film is based on the 1957 novel Company of Cowards by Jack Schaefer , with the film having that title in pre-production and when released in the United Kingdom . However , the novel had none of the comedic elements of the film which retained only the basic idea of a unit formed out of men who had been court-martialed for cowardice and sent out west as well as some character names . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Sam Walton was an American male. | Samuel Moore `` Sam '' Walton -LRB- March 29 , 1918 -- April 5 , 1992 -RRB- was an American businessman and entrepreneur best known for founding the retailers Walmart and Sam 's Club . | George Butler Wason -LRB- April 20 , 1869 -- 1933 -RRB- was an American grocer , banker and politician who served as a member of the Massachusetts Governor 's Council . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Eagles (band) failed to release any albums. | The Eagles are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1971 by Glenn Frey , Don Henley , Bernie Leadon , and Randy Meisner . With five number-one singles , six Grammy Awards , five American Music Awards , and six number one albums , the Eagles were one of the most successful musical acts of the 1970s . At the end of the 20th century , two of their albums , Their Greatest Hits -LRB- 1971 -- 1975 -RRB- and Hotel California , were ranked among the 20 best-selling albums in the United States according to the Recording Industry Association of America . Hotel California is ranked 37th in Rolling Stones list of `` The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time '' and the band was ranked number 75 on the magazine 's 2004 list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time . The Eagles are one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time , having sold more than 150 million records -- 100 million in the U.S. alone -- including 42 million copies of Their Greatest Hits -LRB- 1971 -- 1975 -RRB- and 32 million copies of Hotel California . Their Greatest Hits -LRB- 1971 -- 1975 -RRB- was the best selling album of the 20th century in the U.S. . They are the fifth-highest-selling music act and the highest-selling American band in U.S. history . The band released their debut album , Eagles , in 1972 , which spawned three top 40 singles : `` Take It Easy , '' `` Witchy Woman , '' and `` Peaceful Easy Feeling . '' Their next album , Desperado -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , was less successful than the first , only reaching number 41 on the charts ; neither of its singles reached the top 40 . However , the album does contain what would go on to be two of the band 's most popular tracks : `` Desperado '' and `` Tequila Sunrise . '' The band released On the Border in 1974 , adding guitarist Don Felder as the fifth member midway through the recording of the album . The album generated two top 40 singles : `` Already Gone '' and their first number one , `` Best of My Love . '' Their 1975 album One of These Nights included three top 10 singles : `` One of These Nights , '' `` Lyin ' Eyes , '' and `` Take It to the Limit , '' the first hitting the top of the charts . Guitarist and vocalist , Joe Walsh , also joined the band in 1975 . The Eagles continued that success and hit their commercial peak in late 1976 with the release of Hotel California , which would go on to sell more than 16 million copies in the U.S. alone and more than 32 million copies worldwide . The album yielded two number-one singles , `` New Kid in Town '' and `` Hotel California . '' They released their last studio album for nearly 28 years in 1979 with The Long Run , which spawned three top 10 singles : `` Heartache Tonight , '' `` The Long Run , '' and `` I Ca n't Tell You Why , '' the lead single being another chart-topping hit . The Eagles disbanded in July 1980 but reunited in 1994 for the album Hell Freezes Over , a mix of live and new studio tracks . They toured consistently and were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998 . In 2007 , the Eagles released Long Road Out of Eden , their first full studio album in 28 years and their sixth number one album . The next year they launched the Long Road Out of Eden Tour in support of the album . In 2013 , they began the extended History of the Eagles Tour in conjunction with the band 's documentary release , History of the Eagles . Following the death of Frey in January 2016 , Henley stated in several interviews that he did n't think the band would perform again . However , in March 2017 it was announced that the Eagles would be headlining two concerts in July 2017 . | Death by Sexy is the second album by the American rock group Eagles of Death Metal . It was rumoured to be released in summer 2005 but was pushed back to April 11 , 2006 . The album cover of Death by Sexy has elements similar to the covers of The Rolling Stones ' 1971 album Sticky Fingers , Mötley Crüe 's 1981 album Too Fast For Love , and Loverboy 's 1981 album Get Lucky . The track `` Do n't Speak -LRB- I Came to Make a Bang ! -RRB- '' was featured in a 2008 Nike commercial directed by Guy Ritchie , which included the likes of Zlatan Ibrahimović , Cristiano Ronaldo , Cesc Fàbregas , and Ronaldinho and is also featured in the 2006 video game Need for Speed : Carbon |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Arrow is a television series. | Arrow is an American action crime television series developed by writer/producers Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim , and Andrew Kreisberg . It is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . It premiered in North America on The CW on October 10 , 2012 , with international broadcasting taking place in late 2012 . Primarily filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , the series follows billionaire playboy Oliver Queen -LRB- Stephen Amell -RRB- , who , five years after being stranded on a hostile island , returns home to fight crime and corruption as a secret vigilante whose weapon of choice is a bow and arrow . The series takes a new look at the Green Arrow character , as well as other characters from the DC Comics universe . Although Oliver Queen/Green Arrow had been featured in the television series Smallville from 2006 to 2011 , on the CW , the producers decided to start clean and find a new actor to portray the character . Arrow focuses on the humanity of Oliver Queen , and how he was changed by time spent shipwrecked on an island . Most episodes in the first five seasons have flashback scenes to the five years in which Oliver was missing . Arrow has received generally positive reviews from critics . The series averaged about 3.68 million viewers over the course of the first season and received several awards and multiple nominations . To promote it , a preview comic book was released before the television series began , while webisodes featuring a product tie-in with Bose were developed for the second season . The first four seasons are available on DVD and Blu-ray in regions 1 , 2 and 4 ; a soundtrack was also released for the first two seasons . In October 2014 , a spin-off series set in the same universe , titled The Flash , premiered . In August 2015 , an animated spin-off , Vixen , was released , while a second live-action spin-off , Legends of Tomorrow , premiered in January 2016 , featuring a number of characters from Arrow and The Flash . On March 11 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a fifth season , which premiered on October 5 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the show for a sixth season . | Children of the Arbat is a 16-part television serial based on the Children of the Arbat trilogy by Anatoly Rybakov . It aired on the Channel One network in Russia in 2004 . The series closely follows the plot of Rybakov 's trilogy . Set in the Soviet Union in the 1930s , it tells the story of Sasha Pankratov -LRB- Yevgeny Tsyganov -RRB- , a student and loyal Komsomol member from the Arbat neighborhood of Moscow who is unfairly exiled to Siberia . As his family and friends , including his love interest Varya Ivanova -LRB- Chulpan Khamatova -RRB- , grapple with Sasha 's sudden detention and departure , the series shows the growing fear and paranoia that gripped Moscow in the years before the murder of Sergey Kirov and the start of Stalin 's Great Purge . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Marilyn Monroe won an award. | Marilyn Monroe -LRB- born Norma Jeane Mortenson ; June 1 , 1926 -- August 5 , 1962 -RRB- was an American actress and model . Famous for playing comic `` dumb blonde '' characters , she became one of the most popular sex symbols of the 1950s , emblematic of the era 's attitudes towards sexuality . Although she was a top-billed actress for only a decade , her films grossed $ 200 million by the time of her unexpected death in 1962 . She continues to be considered a major popular culture icon . Born and raised in Los Angeles , Monroe spent most of her childhood in foster homes and an orphanage and married at the age of sixteen . While working in a factory in 1944 as part of the war effort , she was introduced to a photographer from the First Motion Picture Unit and began a successful pin-up modeling career . The work led to short-lived film contracts with Twentieth Century-Fox -LRB- 1946 -- 1947 -RRB- and Columbia Pictures -LRB- 1948 -RRB- . After a series of minor film roles , she signed a new contract with Fox in 1951 . Over the next two years , she became a popular actress with roles in several comedies , including As Young as You Feel and Monkey Business , and in the dramas Clash by Night and Do n't Bother to Knock . Monroe faced a scandal when it was revealed that she had posed for nude photos before becoming a star , but rather than damaging her career , the story resulted in increased interest in her films . By 1953 , Monroe was one of the most marketable Hollywood stars , with leading roles in three films : the noir Niagara , which focused on her sex appeal , and the comedies Gentlemen Prefer Blondes and How to Marry a Millionaire , which established her star image as a `` dumb blonde '' . Although she played a significant role in the creation and management of her public image throughout her career , she was disappointed at being typecast and underpaid by the studio . She was briefly suspended in early 1954 for refusing a film project , but returned to star in one of the biggest box office successes of her career , The Seven Year Itch -LRB- 1955 -RRB- . When the studio was still reluctant to change her contract , Monroe founded a film production company in late 1954 ; she named it Marilyn Monroe Productions -LRB- MMP -RRB- . She dedicated 1955 to building her company and began studying method acting at the Actors Studio . In late 1955 , Fox awarded her a new contract , which gave her more control and a larger salary . After a critically acclaimed performance in Bus Stop -LRB- 1956 -RRB- and acting in the first independent production of MMP , The Prince and the Showgirl -LRB- 1957 -RRB- , she won a Golden Globe for Best Actress for Some Like It Hot -LRB- 1959 -RRB- . Her last completed film was the drama The Misfits -LRB- 1961 -RRB- . Monroe 's troubled private life received much attention . She struggled with substance abuse , depression , and anxiety . She had two highly publicized marriages , to retired baseball star Joe DiMaggio and playwright Arthur Miller , both of which ended in divorce . On August 5 , 1962 , she died at age 36 from an overdose of barbiturates at her home in Los Angeles . Although Monroe 's death was ruled a probable suicide , several conspiracy theories have been proposed in the decades following her death . | Marilyn -LRB- Marylin -RRB- Duke -LRB- née Manfrey Lecta Duke ; 3 October 1916 Jackson , Georgia -- 7 August 1995 Clayton County , Georgia -RRB- , was a popular American singer from the swing era of the mid to late 1930s and early 1940s . She began as a soloist in 1933 on radio in Atlanta , then , beginning 1936 , was carried on syndicated and network radio from New York . In the first half of the 1940s , Duke traveled and recorded as a featured singer with big bands , notably with Vaughn Monroe . She distinguished herself as a rhythm singer -- that is , a singer who swings . And , while with the Monroe Orchestra , she was acclaimed for having an engaging personalty . Duke was a tall brunette , and , according to journalists , attractive . As for her hair color , Duke was a blonde when she re-joined Monroe 's band in 1944 . After her career with big bands -- after 1945 -- and into the late 1960s , she performed on-and-off as a nightclub pianist-singer in the metropolitan areas of Boston , New York , and Newport , Rhode Island . Her recorded hits with Vaughn Monroe include `` There 'll Be Some Changes Made '' and `` The Trolley Song '' -- the latter being a late-1944 , post-Petrillo-ban , rush-to-market , swing band vocal duet with Monroe . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Clarence Thomas went to Yale Law School. | Clarence Thomas -LRB- born June 23 , 1948 -RRB- is an American judge , lawyer , and government official who currently serves as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States . Thomas succeeded Thurgood Marshall and is the second African American to serve on the court . Thomas grew up in Savannah , Georgia , and was educated at the College of the Holy Cross and at Yale Law School . In 1974 , he was appointed an Assistant Attorney General in Missouri and subsequently practiced law there in the private sector . In 1979 , he became a legislative assistant to Senator John Danforth -LRB- R-MO -RRB- and in 1981 was appointed Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights at the U.S. Department of Education . In 1982 , President Ronald Reagan appointed Thomas Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission -LRB- EEOC -RRB- . In 1990 , President George H. W. Bush nominated Thomas for a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit . He served in that role for 16 months and on July 1 , 1991 , was nominated by Bush to fill Marshall 's seat on the United States Supreme Court . Thomas 's confirmation hearings were bitter and intensely fought , centering on an accusation that he had sexually harassed attorney Anita Hill , a subordinate at the Department of Education and subsequently at the EEOC . The U.S. Senate ultimately confirmed Thomas by a vote of 52 -- 48 . Since joining the court , Thomas has taken a textualist approach , seeking to uphold the original meaning of the United States Constitution and statutes . He is generally viewed as the most conservative member of the court . Thomas is also known for his practice of rarely speaking during oral arguments . | Charles Allen Thomas -LRB- February 15 , 1900 -- March 29 , 1982 -RRB- was a noted American chemist and businessman , and an important figure in the Manhattan Project . He held over 100 patents . A graduate of Transylvania College and Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Thomas worked as a research chemist at General Motors as part of a team researching antiknock agents . This led to the development of tetraethyllead , which was widely used in motor fuels for many decades until its toxicity led to its prohibition . In 1926 , he and Carroll A. `` Ted '' Hochwalt co-founded Thomas & Hochwalt Laboratories in Dayton , Ohio , with Thomas as president of the company . It was acquired by Monsanto in 1936 , and Thomas would spend the rest of his career with Monsanto , rising to become its president in 1950 , and chairman of the board from 1960 to 1965 . He researched the chemistry of hydrocarbons and polymers , and developed the proton theory of aluminium chloride , which helped explain a variety of chemical reactions , publishing a book on the subject in 1941 . From 1943 to 1945 , he coordinated Manhattan Project work on plutonium purification and production . He also coordinated development of techniques to industrially refine polonium for use with beryllium in the triggers of atomic weapons in the Manhattan Project 's Dayton Project , part of which was conducted on the estate of his wife 's family . Shortly before the war ended , he took over the management of the Clinton Laboratories in Oak Ridge , Tennessee . Monsanto pulled out of Oak Ridge in December 1947 , but became the operator of the Mound Laboratories in 1948 . Secretary of State Dean Acheson appointed Thomas to serve on a 1946 panel to appraise international atomic inspection , which culminated in the Acheson -- Lilienthal Report . In 1953 he was appointed as a consultant to the National Security Council , and served as U.S. Representative to the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Willie Nelson is the honorary president of an art charity. | Willie Hugh Nelson -LRB- born April 29 , 1933 -RRB- is an American musician , singer , songwriter , author , poet , actor , and activist . The critical success of the album Shotgun Willie -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , combined with the critical and commercial success of Red Headed Stranger -LRB- 1975 -RRB- and Stardust -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , made Nelson one of the most recognized artists in country music . He was one of the main figures of outlaw country , a subgenre of country music that developed in the late 1960s as a reaction to the conservative restrictions of the Nashville sound . Nelson has acted in over 30 films , co-authored several books , and has been involved in activism for the use of biofuels and the legalization of marijuana . Born during the Great Depression , and raised by his grandparents , Nelson wrote his first song at age seven and joined his first band at ten . During high school , he toured locally with the Bohemian Polka as their lead singer and guitar player . After graduating from high school in 1950 , he joined the Air Force but was later discharged due to back problems . After his return , Nelson attended Baylor University for two years but dropped out because he was succeeding in music . During this time , he worked as a disc jockey in Texas radio stations and a singer in honky-tonks . Nelson moved to Vancouver , Washington , where he wrote `` Family Bible '' and recorded the song `` Lumberjack '' in 1956 . In 1958 , he moved to Houston , Texas , after signing a contract with D Records . He sang at the Esquire Ballroom weekly and he worked as a disk jockey . During that time , he wrote songs that would become country standards , including `` Funny How Time Slips Away '' , `` Hello Walls '' , `` Pretty Paper '' , and `` Crazy '' . In 1960 he moved to Nashville , Tennessee , and later signed a publishing contract with Pamper Music which allowed him to join Ray Price 's band as a bassist . In 1962 , he recorded his first album , ... And Then I Wrote . Due to this success , Nelson signed in 1964 with RCA Victor and joined the Grand Ole Opry the following year . After mid-chart hits in the late 1960s and the early 1970s , Nelson retired in 1972 and moved to Austin , Texas . The ongoing music scene of Austin motivated Nelson to return from retirement , performing frequently at the Armadillo World Headquarters . In 1973 , after signing with Atlantic Records , Nelson turned to outlaw country , including albums such as Shotgun Willie and Phases and Stages . In 1975 , he switched to Columbia Records , where he recorded the critically acclaimed album Red Headed Stranger . The same year , he recorded another outlaw country album , Wanted ! The Outlaws , along with Waylon Jennings , Jessi Colter , and Tompall Glaser . During the mid-1980s , while creating hit albums like Honeysuckle Rose and recording hit songs like `` On the Road Again '' , `` To All the Girls I 've Loved Before '' , and `` Pancho and Lefty '' , he joined the country supergroup The Highwaymen , along with fellow singers Johnny Cash , Waylon Jennings , and Kris Kristofferson . In 1990 , Nelson 's assets were seized by the Internal Revenue Service , which claimed that he owed . The difficulty of paying his outstanding debt was aggravated by weak investments he had made during the 1980s . In 1992 , Nelson released The IRS Tapes : Who 'll Buy My Memories ? ; the profits of the double album -- destined to the IRS -- and the auction of Nelson 's assets cleared his debt . During the 1990s and 2000s , Nelson continued touring extensively , and released albums every year . Reviews ranged from positive to mixed . He explored genres such as reggae , blues , jazz , and folk . Nelson made his first movie appearance in the 1979 film The Electric Horseman , followed by other appearances in movies and on television . Nelson is a major liberal activist and the co-chair of the advisory board of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws -LRB- NORML -RRB- , which is in favor of marijuana legalization . On the environmental front , Nelson owns the bio-diesel brand Willie Nelson Biodiesel , which is made from vegetable oil . Nelson is also the honorary chairman of the Advisory Board of the Texas Music Project , the official music charity of the state of Texas . | The National Committee for the History of Art -LRB- NCHA -RRB- is the U.S. affiliate of the Comité International d'Histoire de l'Art -LRB- CIHA , i.e. the international community of art historians -RRB- . It was founded in 1980 by Irving Lavin . Both committees aim to foster intellectual exchange among scholars and students interested in all fields of art history . They organize scholarly conferences and promote the communication , dissemination and exchange of knowledge and information about art history in order to promote a global community of art historians . The NCHA is supported by the Getty Foundation and interested in developing global networks of art historians , particularly in areas of the world in which art history is an emerging discipline . Therefore , it brings together art historians from Africa , Asia , Latin America , the Middle East and Eastern Europe for discussions on the state of the discipline . The NCHA also provides travel support to congresses for students enrolled in US doctoral programs . The current president of the NCHA is Marc Gotlieb , Director of the Graduate Program and Class of 1955 Memorial Professor of Art at Williams College , Williamstown , Massachusetts . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Dodecanese are in the southeastern Aegean Sea between Greece and Turkey. | The Dodecanese -LRB- -LSB- doʊdɪkəˈniːz -RSB- Δωδεκάνησα , Dodekánisa , -LSB- ðoðeˈkanisa -RSB- , literally `` twelve islands '' -RRB- are a group of 15 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea , off the coast of Asia Minor -LRB- Turkey -RRB- , of which 26 are inhabited . Τhis island group generally defines the eastern limit of the Sea of Crete . They belong to the wider Southern Sporades island group . The most historically important and well-known is Rhodes , which has been the area 's dominant island since Antiquity . Of the others , Kos and Patmos are historically the more important ; the remaining eleven are Agathonisi , Astypalaia , Kalymnos , Karpathos , Kasos , Leipsoi , Leros , Nisyros , Symi , Tilos , and Kastellorizo . Other islands in the chain include Alimia , Arkoi , Chalki , Farmakonisi , Gyali , Kinaros , Levitha , Marathos , Nimos , Pserimos , Saria , Strongyli , Syrna and Telendos . | The Erdini or Erpeditani were a people of referred to in Ptolemy 's 2nd century Geography as living in the north-west of Ireland , in the area of Donegal Bay . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.There have been at least nine Open Championships before the 2017 Open Championship. | The 2017 Open Championship will be the 146th Open Championship , held 20 -- 23 July 2017 at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England.It will be the 10th Open Championship played at Royal Birkdale . | The Philadelphia Open Championship is an annual golf tournament played in the Philadelphia , Pennsylvania area . It is organized by the Golf Association of Philadelphia . It has been played annually since 1903 -LRB- except for war years -RRB- at member clubs in Pennsylvania , New Jersey , and Delaware . It was considered a PGA Tour event for most of the period 1916 to 1937 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Adele sold over a million digital copies in a week with her song "Hello." | Adele Laurie Blue Adkins -LRB- -LSB- əˈdɛl -RSB- born 5 May 1988 -RRB- is an English singer-songwriter . After graduating from the BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology in 2006 , Adele was given a recording contract by XL Recordings after a friend posted her demo on Myspace the same year . In 2007 , she received the Brit Awards `` Critics ' Choice '' award and won the BBC Sound of 2008 poll . Her debut album , 19 , was released in 2008 to commercial and critical success . It is certified seven times platinum in the UK , and three times platinum in the US . The album contains her first song , `` Hometown Glory '' , written when she was 16 , which is based on her home suburb of West Norwood in London . An appearance she made on Saturday Night Live in late 2008 boosted her career in the US . At the 51st Grammy Awards in 2009 , Adele received the awards for Best New Artist and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance . She released her second studio album , 21 , in early 2011 . The album was critically well received and surpassed the success of her debut , earning the singer numerous awards in 2012 , among them a record-tying six Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year ; two Brit Awards , including British Album of the Year , and three American Music Awards . The album has been certified 16 times platinum in the UK , and is the fourth best-selling album in the UK of all time . In the US , it has held the top position longer than any album since 1985 , and is certified diamond . The album has sold over 31 million copies worldwide . The success of 21 earned Adele numerous mentions in the Guinness Book of World Records . She is the first woman in the history of the Billboard Hot 100 to have three simultaneous top 10 singles as a lead artist , and the first female artist to simultaneously have two albums in the top five of the Billboard 200 and two singles in the top five of the Billboard Hot 100 . 21 is the longest-running number one album by a female solo artist in the history of the UK and US Album Charts . In 2012 , Adele released `` Skyfall '' , which she co-wrote and recorded for the James Bond film of the same name . The song won an Academy Award , a Grammy Award , and a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song , as well as the Brit Award for British Single of the Year . After taking a three-year break , Adele released her third studio album , 25 , in 2015 . It became the year 's best-selling album and broke first week sales records in the UK and US . 25 was her second album to be certified diamond in the US and earned her five Grammy Awards , including her second Grammy Award for Album of the Year , and four Brit Awards . The lead single , `` Hello '' , became the first song in the US to sell over one million digital copies within a week of its release . Her third concert tour , Adele Live 2016 , visited Europe , North America and Oceania , and will conclude with four finale concerts at Wembley Stadium in mid-2017 . In 2011 , 2012 and 2016 , Billboard named Adele Artist of the Year . In 2012 , she was listed at number five on VH1 's 100 Greatest Women in Music . Time magazine named her one of the most influential people in the world in 2012 and 2016 . With sales of more than 100 million records , Adele is one of the best-selling recording artists in the world . | is the first album of the J-pop singer Aya Matsuura , a Hello ! Project solo artist , containing her first four singles . It was released on January 1 , 2002 and sold 293,540 copies . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ridley Scott is the director of a film. | Sir Ridley Scott -LRB- born 30 November 1937 -RRB- is an English film director and producer . Following his commercial breakthrough with the science-fiction horror film Alien -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , his best known works are the neo-noir dystopian science fiction film Blade Runner -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , crime drama Thelma & Louise -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , historical drama and Best Picture Oscar winner Gladiator -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , war film Black Hawk Down -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , crime thriller Hannibal -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , biographical film American Gangster -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and science fiction films Prometheus -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and The Martian -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . Scott is known for his atmospheric , highly concentrated visual style . Though his films range widely in setting and period , they frequently showcase memorable imagery of urban environments , whether 2nd century Rome -LRB- Gladiator -RRB- , 12th century Jerusalem -LRB- Kingdom of Heaven -RRB- , Medieval England -LRB- Robin Hood -RRB- , contemporary Mogadishu -LRB- Black Hawk Down -RRB- , or the future cityscapes of Blade Runner . His films are also known for their strong female characters . Scott has been nominated for three Academy Awards for Directing -LRB- for Thelma & Louise , Gladiator and Black Hawk Down -RRB- . In 1995 , both Ridley and his brother Tony received a BAFTA for Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema . In 2003 , Scott was knighted for his `` services to the British film industry '' . In a 2004 BBC poll Scott was named the tenth most influential person in British culture . In 2015 he received an honorary doctorate from the Royal College of Art in London . | Gladiators Seven -LRB- La rivolta dei sette , also known as The Revolt of the Seven , The Spartan Gladiator and The Spartan Gladiators -RRB- is a 1964 Italian peplum film directed by Alberto De Martino and starring Tony Russel . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Britney Spears refused to play in the movie Crossroads. | Britney Jean Spears -LRB- born December 2 , 1981 -RRB- is an American singer , dancer , and actress . Born in McComb , Mississippi , and raised in Kentwood , Louisiana , she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997 . Spears 's first and second studio albums , ... Baby One More Time -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Oops ! ... I Did It Again -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , became international successes , with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist . Title tracks '' ... Baby One More Time '' and `` Oops ! ... I Did It Again '' broke international sales records . In 2001 , Spears released her self-titled third studio album , Britney , and played the starring role in the film Crossroads -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album , In the Zone -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , which yielded the worldwide success of the single `` Toxic '' . In 2007 , Spears 's much-publicized personal issues sent her career into hiatus . Her fifth studio album , Blackout , was released later that year , and spawned singles such as `` Gim me More '' and `` Piece of Me '' . Her erratic behavior and hospitalizations continued through the following year , at which point she was placed under a still ongoing conservatorship . Spears 's sixth studio album , Circus -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , included the international chart-topping single `` Womanizer '' . Her seventh studio album , Femme Fatale -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , became her first to yield three top-ten singles in the United States . She released her eighth studio album Britney Jean in 2013 . Later that year , Spears began the four-year residency show , Britney : Piece of Me , at The AXIS at Planet Hollywood Resort & Casino in Las Vegas . In 2016 , Spears released her ninth studio album , Glory . In 2017 , she announced that her residency show would develop into a world tour , Britney : Live in Concert . Spears is regarded as a pop icon and credited with influencing the revival of teen pop during the late 1990s . She became the best-selling teenage artist of all time and garnered honorific titles including the `` Princess of Pop '' . Her work has earned her numerous awards and accolades , including a Grammy Award , six MTV Video Music Awards including the Lifetime Achievement Award , seven Billboard Music Awards including the Millennium Award and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . In 2009 , Billboard ranked her as the 8th overall Artist of the Decade , and also recognized her as the best-selling female artist of the 2000s , as well as the fifth overall . The Recording Industry Association of America -LRB- RIAA -RRB- lists Spears as the eighth top-selling female artist in the United States , with 34 million certified albums . She has sold over 100 million records worldwide making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time . According to Billboard Spears has sold about 22.38 million singles in digital downloads in US and is the fourth best-selling female artist since Nielsen SoundScan began . Rolling Stone recognized her instant success as one of the Top 25 Teen Idol Breakout Moments of all time , while VH1 ranked her eleventh on their `` 100 Greatest Women in Music '' list in 2012 , and Billboard named her the sexiest woman in music . Forbes reported that Spears was the highest paid female musician of 2012 , with earnings of $ 58 million , having last topped the list in 2002 . | Not to be confused with the other English actress , Elizabeth Croft Elisabeth Croft -LRB- 22 September 1907 -- 13 January 2003 -RRB- was an English actress , known for playing Edith Tatum in the ITV soap opera Crossroads . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Canada was the location of a colony. | Canada -LRB- -LSB- ˈkænədə -RSB- -LSB- kanadɑ -RSB- -RRB- is a country in the northern part of North America . Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean , covering 9.98 e6km2 , making it the world 's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area . Canada 's border with the United States is the world 's longest binational land border . The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate , but southerly areas are warm in summer . Canada is sparsely populated , the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains . It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities , many near the southern border . One third of the population lives in the three largest cities : Toronto , Montreal and Vancouver . Its capital is Ottawa , and other major urban areas include Calgary , Edmonton , Quebec City , Winnipeg and Hamilton . Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization . Beginning in the 16th century , British and French claims were made on the area , with the colony of Canada first being established by the French in 1535 during Jacques Cartier 's second voyage to New France . As a consequence of various conflicts , Great Britain gained and lost territories within British North America until it was left , in the late 18th century , with what mostly geographically comprises Canada today . Pursuant to the British North America Act , on July 1 , 1867 , the colonies of Canada , New Brunswick , and Nova Scotia joined to form the semi-autonomous federal Dominion of Canada . This began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada . In 1931 , Canada achieved near total independence from the United Kingdom with the Statute of Westminster 1931 , but at the time , Canada decided to allow the British Parliament to temporarily retain the power to amend Canada 's constitution , on request from the Parliament of Canada . With the Constitution Act 1982 , Canada took over that authority -LRB- as the conclusion of Patriation -RRB- , removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom , giving the country full sovereignty . Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy , with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state . The country is officially bilingual at the federal level . It is one of the world 's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations , the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries . Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world , relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks . Canada 's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture . Canada is a developed country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index . It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency , civil liberties , quality of life , economic freedom , and education . Canada is a Commonwealth realm member of the Commonwealth of Nations , a member of the Francophonie , and part of several major international and intergovernmental institutions or groupings including the United Nations , the North Atlantic Treaty Organization , the G8 , the Group of Ten , the G20 , the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum . | The Fort St. John Group is a stratigraphic unit of Lower Cretaceous age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin . It takes the name from the city of Fort St. John , British Columbia and was first defined by George Mercer Dawson in 1881 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Sikhism originated in a region. | Sikhism -LRB- -LSB- ˈsikᵻzəm -RSB- -RRB- , or Sikhi -LRB- ਸਿ ਖੀ , -LSB- ˈsɪkːʰiː -RSB- , from Sikh , meaning a `` disciple '' , or a `` learner '' -RRB- , is a panentheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent about the end of the 15th century . It is one of the youngest of the major world religions . The fundamental beliefs of Sikhism , articulated in the sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib , include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator , unity of all humankind , engaging in selfless service , striving for social justice for the benefit and prosperity of all , and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder 's life . Sikhism has 25-28 million adherents worldwide and is the ninth-largest religion in the world . Sikhism is based on the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak , the first Guru , and the ten successive Sikh gurus . Guru Nanak established Kartarpur -LRB- Creator 's town -RRB- around 1520 and gathered the original core of the Sikh Panth -LRB- community -RRB- there . After the death of the tenth Guru , Guru Gobind Singh , the Sikh scripture , Guru Granth Sahib , became the literal embodiment of the eternal , impersonal Guru , where the scripture 's word serves as the spiritual guide for Sikhs . An Indian religion , Sikhism rejects claims that any particular religious tradition has a monopoly on Absolute Truth . Sikhism emphasizes simran -LRB- meditation on the words of the Guru Granth Sahib -RRB- , that can be expressed musically through kirtan or internally through Nam Japo -LRB- repeat God 's name -RRB- as a means to feel God 's presence , and to have control over the `` Five Thieves '' -LRB- lust , rage , greed , attachment and conceit -RRB- . Hand in hand , secular life is considered to be intertwined with the spiritual life . Guru Nanak taught that living an `` active , creative , and practical life '' of `` truthfulness , fidelity , self-control and purity '' is above the metaphysical truth , and that the ideal man is one who `` establishes union with God , knows His Will , and carries out that Will '' . Guru Hargobind , the sixth Sikh Guru , established the political/temporal -LRB- Miri -RRB- and spiritual -LRB- Piri -RRB- realms to be mutually coexistent . The development of Sikhism was influenced by the Bhakti movement , however , Sikhism was not simply an extension of the Bhakti movement . Sikhism developed while the region was being ruled by the Mughal Empire . Two of the Sikh gurus -- Guru Arjan and Guru Tegh Bahadur , after they refused to convert to Islam , were tortured and executed by the Mughal rulers . The Islamic era persecution of Sikhs triggered the founding of the Khalsa , as an order for freedom of conscience and religion . A Sikh is expected to embody the qualities of a `` Sant-Sipāhī '' a saint-soldier . | Sikhism in Singapore has its roots in the military and policing forces of the British Empire . Currently , there are 12,000-15 ,000 Sikhs in Singapore . There are 7 Sikh Temples along with a missionary society , a welfare society , two youth organizations and two sports clubs . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.In 1999, David Beckham played football. | David Robert Joseph Beckham , -LRB- -LSB- ˈbɛkəm -RSB- born 2 May 1975 -RRB- is an English former professional footballer . He played for Manchester United , Preston North End , Real Madrid , Milan , LA Galaxy , Paris Saint-Germain , and the England national team for which he held the appearance record for an outfield player until 2016 when Wayne Rooney surpassed his total . He is the first English player to win league titles in four countries : England , Spain , the United States and France . He announced his retirement in May 2013 after a 20-year career , during which he won 19 major trophies . Known for his range of passing , crossing ability and bending free-kicks as a right winger , Beckham was runner up in the Ballon d'Or , twice runner-up for FIFA World Player of the Year and in 2004 he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world 's greatest living players . He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2008 . A global ambassador for the sport , Beckham is regarded as a British cultural icon . Beckham 's professional club career began with Manchester United , where he made his first-team debut in 1992 aged 17 . With United , he won the Premier League title six times , the FA Cup twice , and the UEFA Champions League in 1999 . He then played four seasons with Real Madrid , winning the La Liga championship in his final season with the club . In July 2007 Beckham signed a five-year contract with Major League Soccer club LA Galaxy . While a Galaxy player , he spent two loan spells in Italy with Milan in 2009 and 2010 . He was the first British footballer to play 100 UEFA Champions League games . In international football , Beckham made his England debut on 1 September 1996 at the age of 21 . He was captain for six years , earning 58 caps during his tenure . He made 115 career appearances in total , appearing at three FIFA World Cup tournaments , in 1998 , 2002 and 2006 , and two UEFA European Championship tournaments , in 2000 and 2004 . Beckham has consistently ranked among the highest earners in football , and in 2013 he was listed as the highest-paid player in the world , earning over $ 50 million in the previous 12 months . He has been married to Victoria Beckham since 1999 and they have four children . He has been a UNICEF UK ambassador since 2005 , and in 2015 he launched 7 : The David Beckham UNICEF Fund . In 2014 , MLS announced Beckham and a group of investors would own an expansion team in Miami , which would begin in 2016 or 2017 . | Beckham is an English-language placename , and a surname derived from Beckham , Norfolk , referring principally to : David Beckham -LRB- born 1975 -RRB- , English footballer , husband of Victoria Beckham , brother of Harry Beckham Victoria Beckham -LRB- born 1974 -RRB- , English pop singer , wife of David Beckham , sister-in-law of Harry Beckham Harry Beckham -LRB- born 1984 -RRB- , English footballer , brother of David Beckham , brother-in-law of Victoria Beckham Beckham may also refer to : |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Steel (1997 film) is a starring featuring Shaq. | Steel is a 1997 American superhero action film based on the DC Comics character Steel . The film stars Shaquille O'Neal as John Henry Irons and his alter-ego Steel , Annabeth Gish as his wheelchair-using partner Susan Sparks , and Judd Nelson as their rival Nathaniel Burke . The plot centers on an accident caused by Burke which leaves Sparks paralyzed . The accident results in Irons quitting his job . Burke begins mass-producing weapons and selling them to criminals . In order to stop Burke , Irons and Sparks create a suit of armor that leads Irons to become the superhero Steel . Written and directed by Kenneth Johnson , the film separates itself from the comic book series -LRB- and John Henry Irons ' status as a supporting character of Superman -RRB- by using original protagonists and antagonists . On its initial release , Steel was a box office bust and was panned by critics , noting the `` cheesiness '' and bad acting in the film . | Bill Cracks Down is a 1937 American film directed by William Nigh . The film is also known as Men of Steel in the United Kingdom . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Portal 2 is the sequel to the video game Portal. | Portal 2 is a 2011 first-person puzzle-platform video game developed and published by Valve Corporation . It is the sequel to Portal -LRB- 2007 -RRB- and was released on April 19 , 2011 , for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 . The retail versions of the game are distributed by Electronic Arts while online distribution of the Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X and Linux versions is handled by Valve 's content delivery service Steam . Portal 2 was announced on March 5 , 2010 , following a week-long alternate reality game based on new patches to the original game . Before the game 's release on Steam , the company released the Potato Sack , a second multi-week alternate reality game , involving 13 independently developed titles which culminated in a distributed computing spoof to release Portal 2 several hours early . The game retains Portals gameplay elements , and adds new features , including tractor beams , laser redirection , bridges made of light , and paint-like ` gels ' accelerating the player 's speed , allowing the player-character to jump higher or place portals on any surface . These gels were created by the team from the Independent Games Festival-winning DigiPen student project Tag : The Power of Paint . In the single-player campaign , the player controls protagonist Chell , awoken from suspended animation after many years , who must navigate the now-dilapidated Aperture Science Enrichment Center during its reconstruction by the reactivated GLaDOS , a powerful supercomputer . The storyline introduces new characters , including Wheatley -LRB- Stephen Merchant -RRB- and Cave Johnson -LRB- J. K. Simmons -RRB- . Ellen McLain reprised the role of GLaDOS . Jonathan Coulton and The National each produced a song for the game . Portal 2 also includes a two-player cooperative mode , in which the robotic player-characters Atlas and P-Body -LRB- both voiced by Dee Bradley Baker -RRB- are each given a portal gun and are required to work together to solve puzzles . Valve provided post-release support for the game , including additional downloadable content and a simplified map editor to allow players to create and share test chambers with others . Although some reviewers initially expressed concerns about the difficulty of expanding Portal into a full sequel , Portal 2 received critical acclaim , particularly for its writing , pacing , and dark humor . The voice work of McLain , Merchant , and Simmons were also praised , as were the new gameplay elements , the challenging but surmountable learning curve , and the additional cooperative mode . Some journalists ranked Portal 2 among the best games of 2011 , and several named it their Game of the Year . Portal 2 has since been hailed as one of the greatest video games of all time . | TimeSplitters 2 is a first-person shooter video game developed by Free Radical Design and published by Eidos Interactive . It was released for the PlayStation 2 , GameCube and Xbox game consoles in 2002 in North America and Europe , and in 2003 in Japan . It is the second game in the TimeSplitters series , and a sequel to the original TimeSplitters . The game features a single-player mode consisting of ten levels in which the player assumes the role of one of two space marines as they attempt to stop the alien race of TimeSplitters from ruining history by collecting the time crystals in various time periods , ranging from the Wild West to the 25th century . It has several multiplayer modes . Due to the game 's critical acclaim , a sequel , TimeSplitters : Future Perfect , was released in 2005 , developed by Free Radical and published by Electronic Arts . In June 2007 , another sequel was announced to be in development , titled TimeSplitters 4 , but it eventually got cancelled . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The United Kingdom is a power. | The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom -LRB- UK -RRB- or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.Although Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state , two of its Overseas Territories also share land borders with other sovereign countries . Gibraltar shares a border with Spain , while the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia share borders with the Republic of Cyprus , the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the UN buffer zone separating the two Cypriot polities . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242500 km2 , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union -LRB- EU -RRB- . The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . The capital of the United Kingdom and its largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million , the fourth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union . Other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the conurbations centred on Birmingham , Leeds , Glasgow , Liverpool and Manchester . The United Kingdom consists of four countries -- England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . The last three have devolved administrations , each with varying powers , based in their capitals , Edinburgh , Cardiff and Belfast , respectively . The nearby Isle of Man , Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom , being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation . The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time . Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 . A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain , which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922 , leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 to resolve the Irish War of Independence . When it took effect one year later , it established the Irish Free State as a separate dominion within the Commonwealth . The UK 's current name was adopted to reflect the change . There are fourteen British Overseas Territories . These are the remnants of the British Empire which , at its height in the 1920s , encompassed almost a quarter of the world 's land mass and was the largest empire in history . British influence can be observed in the language , culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies . The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world 's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . The UK is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index , ranking 16th in the world . It was the world 's first industrialised country and the world 's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries . The UK remains a great power with considerable economic , cultural , military , scientific and political influence internationally . It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and is seventh in military expenditure in the world . The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 . It has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor , the European Economic Community -LRB- EEC -RRB- , since 1973 . However , on 23 June 2016 , a national referendum on the UK 's membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave , and its exit from the EU is currently being negotiated . The UK is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Council of Europe , the G7 finance ministers , the G7 forum , the G20 , NATO , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development -LRB- OECD -RRB- , and the World Trade Organization -LRB- WTO -RRB- . | Events from the year 2016 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . The major political events of this year were dominated by the European Union membership referendum and its aftermath -LRB- colloquially referred to as `` Brexit '' -RRB- . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Italy surrendered during World War II. | World War II -LRB- often abbreviated to WWII or WW2 -RRB- , also known as the Second World War , was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945 , although related conflicts began earlier . It involved the vast majority of the world 's countries -- including all of the great powers -- eventually forming two opposing military alliances : the Allies and the Axis . It was the most widespread war in history , and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries . In a state of `` total war '' , the major participants threw their entire economic , industrial , and scientific capabilities behind the war effort , erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources . Marked by mass deaths of civilians , including the Holocaust -LRB- in which approximately 11 million people were killed -RRB- and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres -LRB- in which approximately one million were killed , and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki -RRB- , it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities . These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history . The Empire of Japan aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific and was already at war with the Republic of China in 1937 , but the world war is generally said to have begun on 1 September 1939 with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and the United Kingdom . Supplied by the Soviet Union , from late 1939 to early 1941 , in a series of campaigns and treaties , Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe , and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan . Under the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939 , Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours , Poland , Finland , Romania and the Baltic states . The war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the coalition of the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth , with campaigns including the North Africa and East Africa campaigns , the aerial Battle of Britain , the Blitz bombing campaign , the Balkan Campaign as well as the long-running Battle of the Atlantic . On 22 June 1941 , the European Axis powers launched an invasion of the Soviet Union , opening the largest land theatre of war in history , which trapped the major part of the Axis ' military forces into a war of attrition . In December 1941 , Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean , and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific . The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway , near Hawaii , and Germany was defeated in North Africa and then , decisively , at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union . In 1943 , with a series of German defeats on the Eastern Front , the Allied invasion of Sicily and the Allied invasion of Italy which brought about Italian surrender , and Allied victories in the Pacific , the Axis lost the initiative and undertook strategic retreat on all fronts . In 1944 , the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France , while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies . During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma , while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy and captured key Western Pacific islands . The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union , culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 . Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms , the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 August and 9 August respectively . With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent , the possibility of additional atomic bombings , and the Soviet Union 's declaration of war on Japan and invasion of Manchuria , Japan surrendered on 15 August 1945 . Thus ended the war in Asia , cementing the total victory of the Allies . World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world . The United Nations -LRB- UN -RRB- was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts . The victorious great powers -- the United States , the Soviet Union , China , the United Kingdom , and France -- became the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council . The Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers , setting the stage for the Cold War , which lasted for the next 46 years . Meanwhile , the influence of European great powers waned , while the decolonisation of Asia and Africa began . Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery . Political integration , especially in Europe , emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities and to create a common identity . | The Italian participation in the Eastern Front during World War II began after the launch of Operation Barbarossa , the German invasion of the Soviet Union , on 22 June 1941 . To show solidarity with the Germans , Italian dictator Benito Mussolini ordered a contingent of the Italian Royal Army to be prepared for the Eastern Front and , by early July , an Italian force was in transport . Mussolini did this despite the lack of enthusiasm shown by German dictator Adolf Hitler . From 1941 to 1943 , the Italians maintained two units on the Eastern Front . The first Italian fighting force was a corps-sized unit called the Italian Expeditionary Corps in Russia -LRB- Corpo di Spedizione Italiano in Russia , or CSIR -RRB- . The second force was an army-sized unit which subsumed the CSIR . The second force was called the Italian Army in Russia -LRB- Armata Italiana in Russia , or ARMIR -RRB- and was also known as the Italian 8th Army . The Italian Army in Russia suffered heavy losses during the Battle of Stalingrad and was withdrawn to Italy in 1943 . Only minor Italian units participated on the Eastern Front past that point . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Kajal Aggarwal starred as the female lead in several films. | Kajal Aggarwal -LRB- born 19 June 1985 -RRB- is an Indian film actress and model . One of the most popular Indian celebrities , she has established a career in the Telugu and Tamil film industries and has been nominated for four Filmfare Awards South . In addition to acting , Kajal participates in stage shows and is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products . Aggarwal made her acting debut with the 2004 Bollywood film Kyun ! Ho Gaya Na ... and had her first Telugu film release in 2007 Lakshmi Kalyanam . In the same year , she starred in the box office hit Chandamama , which earned her recognition . The 2009 historical fiction Telugu film Magadheera marked a turning point in her career , earning her critical acclaim . It ranks among the highest-grossing Telugu films of all time and fetched her Best Actress nominations at several award ceremonies including Filmfare . She subsequently rose to prominence by starring in several critical and commercially successful Telugu films like Darling -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Brindavanam -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Mr. Perfect -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Businessman -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Naayak -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Baadshah -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Govindudu Andarivadele -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Temper -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , Khaidi No. 150 -LRB- 2017 -RRB- and established herself as one of the leading and highest-paid actresses in Tollywood . Kajal gained further recognition by featuring as the female lead in the high-profile Tamil projects Naan Mahaan Alla -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Maattrraan -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Thuppakki -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Jilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and emerged as a leading actress in Tamil cinema as well . She made a comeback to Bollywood with Singham -LRB- 2011 -RRB- which was a blockbuster , while another film Special 26 '' -LRB- 2013 -RRB- was also declared a box-office success . | Rajjo is a 2013 Indian romantic musical produced by Four Pillars Entertainment and directed by Sahitya Akademi Award winning writer Vishwas Patil . It stars Kangana Ranaut and newcomer Paras Arora in the lead roles and its supporting cast includes Prakash Raj , Mahesh Manjrekar and Jaya Prada . The film released in theatres on 15 November 2013 . The film that earned 2 crores at the domestic box office bore a loss of 10 crores on the venture . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.GoldenEye is a film in the spy genre. | GoldenEye -LRB- 1995 -RRB- is the seventeenth spy film in the James Bond series , and the first to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 officer James Bond . The film was directed by Martin Campbell and is the first in the series not to take story elements from the works of novelist Ian Fleming . The story was conceived and written by Michael France , with later collaboration by other writers . In the film , Bond fights to prevent an ex-MI6 agent , gone rogue , from using a satellite against London to cause a global financial meltdown . GoldenEye was released in 1995 after a six-year hiatus in the series caused by legal disputes , during which Timothy Dalton resigned from the role of James Bond and was replaced by Pierce Brosnan . M was also recast , with actress Judi Dench becoming the first woman to portray the character , replacing Robert Brown . The role of Miss Moneypenny was also recast , with Caroline Bliss being replaced by Samantha Bond ; Desmond Llewelyn was the only actor to reprise his role as Q. GoldenEye was the first Bond film made after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War , which provided a background for the plot . The film accumulated a worldwide gross of US$ 350.7 million , considerably better than Dalton 's films , without taking inflation into account . The film received positive reviews , with critics viewing Brosnan as a definite improvement over his predecessor . The film also received award nominations for `` Best Achievement in Special Effects '' and `` Best Sound '' from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts . The name `` GoldenEye '' pays homage to James Bond 's creator , Ian Fleming . While working for British Naval Intelligence as a lieutenant commander , Fleming liaised with the American OSS to monitor developments in Spain after the Spanish Civil War in an operation codenamed Operation Goldeneye . Fleming used the name of his operation for his estate in Oracabessa , Jamaica . | The Golden Spider -LRB- German : Die goldene Spinne -RRB- is a 1943 German thriller film directed by Erich Engels and starring Kirsten Heiberg , Jutta Freybe and Harald Paulsen . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Royal Rumble (2002) was on television. | Royal Rumble -LRB- 2002 -RRB- was the fifteenth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by the World Wrestling Federation -LRB- WWF -RRB- . It took place on January 20 , 2002 , at the Philips Arena in Atlanta , Georgia , and was the final Royal Rumble produced under the WWF name . The main event was the Royal Rumble match , which Triple H won , after last eliminating Kurt Angle . The other matches were Chris Jericho versus The Rock for the Undisputed WWF Championship , Ric Flair versus Vince McMahon in a Street Fight , Edge versus William Regal for the WWF Intercontinental Championship , the team of Spike Dudley and Tazz versus the Dudley Boyz for the WWF Tag Team Championship , and Trish Stratus versus Jazz for the WWF Women 's Championship . | Royal Rumble -LRB- 1997 -RRB- was the tenth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by the World Wrestling Federation -LRB- WWF -RRB- . It took place on January 19 , 1997 , from the Alamodome in San Antonio , Texas . The attendance of 60,477 is the highest recorded in the Royal Rumble 's history . The main event was between Shawn Michaels and Sycho Sid for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship . The main matches on the undercard were the Royal Rumble match , which Stone Cold Steve Austin won after last eliminating Bret Hart , Vader versus The Undertaker , and Hunter Hearst Helmsley versus Goldust for the WWF Intercontinental Championship . During this time WWF was working with the Mexico based Lucha Libre AAA World Wide -LRB- AAA -RRB- promotion , and had several wrestlers from that company participate in the Royal Rumble match , as well as in a number of undercard matches . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Empress Ki is only a movie. | Empress Ki is a television series starring Ha Ji-won as the titular Empress Gi . It aired on MBC from October 28 , 2013 to April 29 , 2014 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 51 episodes . The early working title was Hwatu -LRB- ; lit . `` Battle of Flowers '' -RRB- but the title was changed to prevent confusion with the similarly named playing cards . | is a Japanese manga based on a concept by Masamune Shirow and illustrated by Kōshi Rikudō . The manga began serialization in Kadokawa Shoten 's Newtype Ace magazine from October 2012 , later moving to the Niconico Ace web publication , and is licensed in English by Seven Seas Entertainment . An anime adaptation has been produced by Studio Gokumi and AXsiZ . It was first released as a film in theaters in December 2015 . It aired as a television series between 8 January and 25 March 2016 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ed Sheeran was denied English citizenship. | Edward Christopher `` Ed '' Sheeran -LRB- born 17 February 1991 -RRB- is an English singer-songwriter , guitarist and record producer . He was born in Halifax , West Yorkshire , and raised in Framlingham , Suffolk . He attended the Academy of Contemporary Music in Guildford , Surrey , as an undergraduate from the age of 18 in autumn 2009 . In early 2011 , Sheeran independently released the extended play , No. 5 Collaborations Project . After signing with Asylum Records , his debut album , + -LRB- read as `` plus '' -RRB- , was released on 9 September 2011 and has since been certified seven-times platinum in the UK . The album contains the single `` The A Team '' , which earned him the Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically . In 2012 , Sheeran won the Brit Awards for Best British Male Solo Artist and British Breakthrough Act . Sheeran 's popularity abroad began in 2012 . In the US , he made a guest appearance on Taylor Swift 's fourth studio album , Red . `` The A Team '' was nominated for Song of the Year at the 2013 Grammy Awards , where he performed the song with Elton John . He spent much of 2013 opening for Swift 's The Red Tour in North America dates . His second studio album , x -LRB- read as `` multiply '' -RRB- , was released on 23 June 2014 . It peaked at number one in the UK and the US . In 2015 , x won the Brit Award for Album of the Year , and he received the Ivor Novello Award for Songwriter of the Year . His single from x , `` Thinking Out Loud '' , earned him two Grammy Awards at the 2016 ceremony : Song of the Year and Best Pop Solo Performance . Sheeran 's third album , ÷ -LRB- `` divide '' -RRB- , was released in March 2017 . The album debuted at number one in the UK , the US and other major markets . The first two singles from the album , `` Shape of You '' and `` Castle on the Hill '' , were released in January 2017 and broke records in a number of countries , including the UK , Australia and Germany , by debuting in the top two positions of the charts . He also became the first artist to have two songs debut in the US top 10 in the same week . Sheeran appeared on Debrett 's 2017 list of the most influential people in the UK . | Sir Gavin Harry Laird , CBE , was a trade unionist , who became General-Secretary of the Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union -LRB- AEEU -RRB- and a Member of the Court of the Bank of England . Growing up in Clydebank he attended a local high school then began working for Singer . He became a Amalgamated Engineering Union -LRB- AEU -RRB- shop steward there , then convenor . Three years after taking up a full-time position with the union , he was elected to the AEU executive and later appointed AEU general secretary , remaining in that position after the merger which created the AEEU . He addressed the Confederation of British Industry annual conference in 1986 -- an unusual move for a trade unionist at the time . He appeared as a `` castaway '' on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 25 October 1992 , received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1994 , was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire -LRB- CBE -RRB- under Margaret Thatcher 's government and knighted in 1995 at the behest of Tony Blair . He retired from the AEEU in 1995 and subsequently died . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Hunger Games' (film) sequel was released in North America. | The Hunger Games is a 2012 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins . It is the first installment in The Hunger Games film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , with a screenplay by Ross , Collins , and Billy Ray . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence , Josh Hutcherson , Liam Hemsworth , Woody Harrelson , Elizabeth Banks , Lenny Kravitz , Stanley Tucci , and Donald Sutherland . The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem , where boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in the Hunger Games , a televised annual event in which the `` tributes '' are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor . Katniss Everdeen -LRB- Lawrence -RRB- volunteers to take her younger sister 's place . Joined by her district 's male tribute , Peeta Mellark -LRB- Hutcherson -RRB- , Katniss travels to the Capitol to train for the Hunger Games under the guidance of former victor Haymitch Abernathy -LRB- Harrelson -RRB- . Development of The Hunger Games began in March 2009 when Lions Gate Entertainment entered into a co-production agreement with Color Force , which had acquired the rights a few weeks earlier . Collins collaborated with Ray and Ross to write the screenplay . The screenplay expanded the character of Seneca Crane to allow several developments to be shown directly to the audience and Ross added several scenes between Crane and Coriolanus Snow . The main characters were cast between March and May 2011 . Principal photography began in May 2011 and ended in September 2011 , with filming taking place in North Carolina . The Hunger Games was shot entirely on film as opposed to digital . The film was released on March 21 , 2012 , in some European countries and in the US on March 23 , 2012 , in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters . Japan received it last , on September 28 . When the film released , it set records for opening day -LRB- $ 67.3 million -RRB- and opening weekend for a non-sequel . At the time of its release , the film 's opening weekend gross -LRB- $ 152.5 million -RRB- was the third-largest of any movie in North America . It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends . The film was a massive box-office success by grossing over $ 694 million worldwide against its budget of $ 78 million , making it the third-highest-grossing film in the United States and ninth-highest-grossing worldwide of 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 18 , 2012 . With 7,434,058 units sold , the DVD was the best-selling DVD of 2012 . A sequel , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 , in the United States . The Hunger Games received positive reviews from critics , with praise for its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of Katniss , though there was criticism of the film 's use of shaky cam in the action sequences . Like the novel , the film has been noted for its similarities to other works , such as Robert Sheckley 's short story `` Seventh Victim '' and its Italian film adaptation The 10th Victim , the Japanese novel Battle Royale and its film adaptation , and the Shirley Jackson short story `` The Lottery '' , with some criticizing The Hunger Games for being derivative of such works . Collins stated in an interview that her novel and screenplay drew on sources of inspiration such as the myth of Theseus , Roman gladiatorial games , reality television , and the desensitization of viewers to media coverage of real-life tragedy and war , not to think as just an audience member , `` Because those are real people on the screen , and they 're not going away when the commercials start to roll . '' The song `` Safe & Sound '' won a Grammy Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song . For her performance , Lawrence won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie , the Empire Award for Best Actress and was also nominated for the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress . | Gauntlet II is a arcade game released by Atari Games and the first sequel to the game Gauntlet . Gauntlet II , like its predecessor , is a fantasy-themed hack and slash . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.De Profundis was written to "Dorian." | De Profundis -LRB- Latin : `` from the depths '' -RRB- is a letter written by Oscar Wilde during his imprisonment in Reading Gaol , to `` Bosie '' -LRB- Lord Alfred Douglas -RRB- . In its first half Wilde recounts their previous relationship and extravagant lifestyle which eventually led to Wilde 's conviction and imprisonment for gross indecency . He indicts both Lord Alfred 's vanity and his own weakness in acceding to those wishes . In the second half , Wilde charts his spiritual development in prison and identification with Jesus Christ , whom he characterises as a romantic , individualist artist . The letter began `` Dear Bosie '' and ended `` Your Affectionate Friend '' . Wilde wrote the letter between January and March 1897 , close to the end of his imprisonment . Contact had lapsed between Douglas and Wilde and the latter had suffered from his close supervision , physical labour and emotional isolation . Nelson , the new prison governor , thought that writing might be more cathartic than prison labour . He was not allowed to send the long letter which he was allowed to write `` for medicinal purposes '' ; each page was taken away when completed , and only at the end could he read it over and make revisions . Nelson gave the long letter to him on his release on 18 May 1897 . Wilde entrusted the manuscript to the journalist Robert Ross -LRB- another former lover , loyal friend and rival to `` Bosie '' -RRB- . Ross published the letter in 1905 , five years after Wilde 's death , giving it the title `` De Profundis '' from Psalm 130 . It was an incomplete version , excised of its autobiographical elements and references to the Queensberry family ; various editions gave more text until in 1962 the complete and correct version appeared in a volume of Wilde 's letters . | The Periplus of the Euxine Sea -LRB- Περίπλους τοῦ Εὐξείνου Πόντου , Periplus Ponti Euxini -RRB- is a periplus or guidebook detailing the destinations visitors encounter when traveling about the shore of the Black Sea . It was written by Arrian of Nicomedia from AD 130-131 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The Last House on the Left is a horror film. | The Last House on the Left is a 2009 American horror film directed by Dennis Iliadis and written by Carl Ellsworth and Adam Alleca . It is a remake of the 1972 film of the same name , and stars Tony Goldwyn , Monica Potter , Garret Dillahunt , Spencer Treat Clark , Martha MacIsaac and Sara Paxton . The film follows the parents -LRB- Goldwyn and Potter -RRB- of Mari Collingwood -LRB- Paxton -RRB- , who attempt to get revenge on a group of strangers , led by a man named Krug -LRB- Dillahunt -RRB- , that have taken shelter at their home during a thunderstorm . The film rights were picked up by Rogue Pictures in 2006 , with the remake being the first film produced by Wes Craven 's new production studio Midnight Pictures . Craven , who wrote and directed the 1972 original , was interested to see what kind of film could be produced on a large budget , as the limited funds in 1972 forced him to eliminate scenes he had wanted to film to tell a complete story . Alleca 's original script included elements of the supernatural , which prompted the studio to reject it and bring in Ellsworth to perform a rewrite . One of the elements director Iliadis wanted to avoid with this film , given its graphic nature , was turning it into torture porn -- a subgenre of horror popularized by the Saw franchise . For Craven and Iliadis , The Last House on the Left primarily illustrates how even the most normal of families can be driven to evil acts if pushed too far . The film was released on March 13 , 2009 , and took the top spot away from Watchmen with $ 5.6 million in weekend revenue . The Last House on the Left was met with mixed reviews from critics . Audience opinion ranked the film at a `` B '' level , from a scale of `` A to F '' ; the film would ultimately gross $ 45,286,228 worldwide . | is a 1995 Japanese original video horror film directed by Katsuya Matsumura . It was released on February 10 , 1995 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.On of USS Constitution's duties was to protect American merchant shipping. | USS Constitution is a wooden-hulled , three-masted heavy frigate of the United States Navy , named by President George Washington after the Constitution of the United States of America . She is the world 's oldest commissioned naval vessel afloat . Constitution was launched in 1797 , one of six original frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 and the third constructed . Joshua Humphreys designed the frigates to be the young Navy 's capital ships , and so Constitution and her sisters were larger and more heavily armed and built than standard frigates of the period . Constitution was built in the North End of Boston , Massachusetts at Edmund Hartt 's shipyard . Her first duties with the newly formed U.S. Navy were to provide protection for American merchant shipping during the Quasi-War with France and to defeat the Barbary pirates in the First Barbary War . Constitution is most noted for her actions during the War of 1812 against the United Kingdom , when she captured numerous merchant ships and defeated five British warships : , , , , and . The battle with Guerriere earned her the nickname of `` Old Ironsides '' and public adoration that has repeatedly saved her from scrapping . She continued to serve as flagship in the Mediterranean and African squadrons , and circled the world in the 1840s . During the American Civil War , she served as a training ship for the United States Naval Academy . She carried American artwork and industrial displays to the Paris Exposition of 1878 . Constitution was retired from active service in 1881 , and served as a receiving ship until designated a museum ship in 1907 . In 1934 , she completed a three-year , 90-port tour of the nation . Constitution sailed under her own power for her 200th birthday in 1997 , and again in August 2012 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of her victory over Guerriere . Constitutions stated mission today is to promote understanding of the Navy 's role in war and peace through educational outreach , historical demonstration , and active participation in public events as part of the Naval History & Heritage Command . As a fully commissioned U.S. Navy ship , her crew of 60 officers and sailors participate in ceremonies , educational programs , and special events while keeping Constitution open to visitors year round and providing free tours . The officers and crew are all active-duty U.S. Navy personnel and the assignment is considered to be special duty in the U.S. Navy . Traditionally , command of the vessel is assigned to a Navy commander . She is usually berthed at Pier 1 of the former Charlestown Navy Yard , at one end of Boston 's Freedom Trail . In May 2015 , Constitution entered Dry Dock 1 to begin a three-year restoration program . | USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere was a single ship action between the two ships during the War of 1812 , approximately 400 miles southeast of Halifax , Nova Scotia . It took place shortly after war had broken out , and would prove to be an important victory for American morale . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.One Direction is a sports group. | One Direction -LRB- commonly abbreviated as 1D -RRB- are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London , composed of Niall Horan , Liam Payne , Harry Styles , Louis Tomlinson , and previously , Zayn Malik until his departure from the band on 25 March 2015 . The group signed with Simon Cowell 's record label Syco Records after forming and finishing third in the seventh series of the British televised singing competition The X Factor in 2010 . Propelled to international success by social media , One Direction 's five albums , Up All Night -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Take Me Home -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Midnight Memories -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , Four -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and Made in the A.M. -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , topped charts in most major markets , and generated hit singles including `` What Makes You Beautiful '' , `` Live While We 're Young '' , `` Best Song Ever '' , `` Story of My Life '' , and `` Drag Me Down '' . Their awards include six Brit Awards , four MTV Video Music Awards , eleven MTV Europe Music Awards , seven American Music Awards -LRB- including Artist of the Year in 2014 and 2015 -RRB- , and 27 Teen Choice Awards , among many others . According to Nick Gatfield , the chairman and chief executive of Sony Music Entertainment UK , One Direction represented a $ 50 million business empire by June 2012 . They were proclaimed 2012 's `` Top New Artist '' by Billboard . According to the Sunday Times Rich List , by April 2013 , they had an estimated personal combined wealth of # 25 million -LRB- $ 41.2 m -RRB- making them the second-wealthiest musicians in the UK under 30 years of age . In 2014 , Forbes listed them the second-highest earning celebrities under 30 , with the group earning an estimated $ 75 million from June 2013 to June 2014 . In June 2015 , Forbes listed their earnings at $ 130 million for the previous twelve months , and ranked them the fourth highest earning celebrities in the world . In 2016 Forbes ranked them the world 's second highest earning celebrities . After the release of Four , One Direction became the first band in the US Billboard 200 history to have their first four albums debut at number one . Their third album , Midnight Memories , was the biggest-selling album worldwide of 2013 despite being released in late November . The band 's Where We Are Tour in support of Midnight Memories and Four , was the highest-grossing concert tour in 2014 , and the highest-grossing tour ever by a vocal group , generating $ 282 million . In 2014 , Billboard named One Direction Artist of the Year . The band is currently on a hiatus that began in January 2016 , allowing all members to pursue other projects . | R.O.A.D. Entertainment is a British multinational entertainment company headquartered in London , UK with operations specialising in the Entertainment and Training sectors of Music , Television , Publishing , Telecommunications / Internet and Video Games industries . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Michael Giacchino composed the score for Medal of Honor. | Michael Giacchino -LRB- -LSB- dʒakˈkiːno -RSB- ; born October 10 , 1967 -RRB- is an American composer of music for films , television and video games . He composed the scores to the television series Lost , Alias and Fringe , the video ' game series Medal of Honor and Call of Duty and many films such as The Incredibles , Ratatouille , Up , Mission : Impossible - Ghost Protocol , Dawn of the Planet of the Apes , Jurassic World , Inside Out , Star Trek Beyond , Doctor Strange , Rogue One and Spider-Man : Homecoming . Giacchino has received an Emmy Award and multiple Grammy Awards , as well as a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for his work on Up . | Jan Hammer -LRB- -LSB- ˈjan ˈɦamɛr -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- born 17 April 1948 -RRB- is a Czech-born American musician , composer and record producer . He first gained his most visible audience while playing keyboards with the Mahavishnu Orchestra in the early 1970s , as well as his film scores for television and film including `` Miami Vice Theme '' and `` Crockett 's Theme '' , from the popular 1980s program , Miami Vice . He has continued to work as both a musical performer and producer , expanding to producing film later in his career . Hammer has collaborated with some of the era 's most influential jazz and rock musicians such as John McLaughlin , Jeff Beck , Al Di Meola , Mick Jagger , Carlos Santana , Stanley Clarke , Tommy Bolin , Neal Schon , Steve Lukather , and Elvin Jones among many others . He has composed and produced at least 14 original motion picture soundtracks , the music for 90 episodes of Miami Vice and 20 episodes of the popular British television series Chancer . His compositions have won him several Grammy Awards . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Jennifer Aniston's mother was an American actress and model. | Jennifer Joanna Aniston -LRB- born February 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actress , producer , and businesswoman . She is the daughter of Greek-born actor John Aniston and American actress Nancy Dow . Aniston gained worldwide recognition for portraying Rachel Green on the popular television sitcom Friends -LRB- 1994 -- 2004 -RRB- , a role which earned her a Primetime Emmy Award , a Golden Globe Award , and a Screen Actors Guild Award . The character was widely popular during the airing of the series and was later recognized as one of the 100 greatest female characters in United States television . Aniston has played the female protagonist in a number of comedies and romantic comedies . Her box office hits include Bruce Almighty -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Break-Up -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Marley & Me -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Just Go with It -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Horrible Bosses -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , and We 're the Millers -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , each of which have grossed over 200 million in worldwide receipts . Her most critically acclaimed roles included the role of Olivia in Friends with Money -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , The Good Girl -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , for which she was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead , and the drama Cake -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , for which she received nominations for the Golden Globe Award and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress . Her other films include Along Came Polly -LRB- 2004 -RRB- and He 's Just Not That Into You -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . In 2008 , she co-founded the production company Echo Films . In 2012 , Aniston received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . She is one of the highest paid actresses in Hollywood , and as of 2014 , her net worth is estimated to be 150 million . She has also been included in magazines ' lists of the world 's most beautiful women . People magazine named Aniston `` The Most Beautiful Woman '' in 2004 and 2016 , and Men 's Health magazine voted her the `` Sexiest Woman of All Time '' in 2011 . Divorced from actor Brad Pitt , to whom she was married for five years , she has been married to actor Justin Theroux since 2015 . | Joanna Moore -LRB- November 10 , 1934 -- November 22 , 1997 -RRB- was an American film and television actress . Over the course of her career , she appeared in more than eighty television and film roles . Moore 's career hit its peak in the 1960s . During that time , she guest starred in several popular shows of the era including Alfred Hitchcock Presents , Perry Mason , Bewitched , and The Real McCoys . One of her more notable recurring roles was as Sheriff Andy Taylor 's love interest , Peggy `` Peg '' McMillan in four episodes of The Andy Griffith Show from 1962 to 1963 . Moore was a guest star in television westerns like Wagon Train , Gunsmoke , The Rebel , and The Virginian . By the 1970s , her career began to wane because of drug and alcohol issues . She made her final onscreen appearance in 1986 . She was married to actor Ryan O'Neal from 1963 to 1967 , with whom she had two children : Griffin and Tatum O'Neal . Moore died of lung cancer in 1997 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The United Kingdom is an industrialized country. | The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom -LRB- UK -RRB- or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.Although Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state , two of its Overseas Territories also share land borders with other sovereign countries . Gibraltar shares a border with Spain , while the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia share borders with the Republic of Cyprus , the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the UN buffer zone separating the two Cypriot polities . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242500 km2 , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union -LRB- EU -RRB- . The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . The capital of the United Kingdom and its largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million , the fourth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union . Other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the conurbations centred on Birmingham , Leeds , Glasgow , Liverpool and Manchester . The United Kingdom consists of four countries -- England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . The last three have devolved administrations , each with varying powers , based in their capitals , Edinburgh , Cardiff and Belfast , respectively . The nearby Isle of Man , Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom , being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation . The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time . Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 . A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain , which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922 , leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 to resolve the Irish War of Independence . When it took effect one year later , it established the Irish Free State as a separate dominion within the Commonwealth . The UK 's current name was adopted to reflect the change . There are fourteen British Overseas Territories . These are the remnants of the British Empire which , at its height in the 1920s , encompassed almost a quarter of the world 's land mass and was the largest empire in history . British influence can be observed in the language , culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies . The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world 's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . The UK is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index , ranking 16th in the world . It was the world 's first industrialised country and the world 's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries . The UK remains a great power with considerable economic , cultural , military , scientific and political influence internationally . It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and is seventh in military expenditure in the world . The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 . It has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor , the European Economic Community -LRB- EEC -RRB- , since 1973 . However , on 23 June 2016 , a national referendum on the UK 's membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave , and its exit from the EU is currently being negotiated . The UK is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Council of Europe , the G7 finance ministers , the G7 forum , the G20 , NATO , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development -LRB- OECD -RRB- , and the World Trade Organization -LRB- WTO -RRB- . | The United Kingdom -LRB- UK -RRB- comprises four countries : England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . Within the United Kingdom , a unitary sovereign state , Northern Ireland , Scotland and Wales have gained a degree of autonomy through the process of devolution . The UK Parliament and British Government deal with all reserved matters for Northern Ireland and Scotland and all non-transferred matters for Wales , but not in general matters that have been devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly , Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales . Additionally , devolution in Northern Ireland is conditional on co-operation between the Northern Ireland Executive and the Government of Ireland -LRB- see North/South Ministerial Council -RRB- and the British Government consults with the Government of Ireland to reach agreement on some non-devolved matters for Northern Ireland -LRB- see British -- Irish Intergovernmental Conference -RRB- . England , comprising the majority of the population and area of the United Kingdom , remains fully the responsibility of the UK Parliament centralised in London . England , Northern Ireland , Scotland and Wales are not themselves listed in the International Organization for Standardization -LRB- ISO -RRB- list of countries . However the ISO list of the subdivisions of the UK , compiled by British Standards and the UK 's Office for National Statistics , uses `` country '' to describe England , Scotland and Wales . Northern Ireland , in contrast , is described as a `` province '' in the same lists . Each has separate national governing bodies for sports and compete separately in many international sporting competitions , including the Commonwealth Games . Northern Ireland also forms joint All-Island sporting bodies with the Republic of Ireland for most sports , including rugby union . The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are dependencies of the Crown and are not part of the UK . Similarly , the British overseas territories , remnants of the British Empire , are not part of the UK . Historically , from 1801 , following the Acts of Union , until 1921 the whole island of Ireland was a country within the UK . Ireland was split into two separate jurisdictions in 1921 : Southern Ireland and Northern Ireland . Southern Ireland left the United Kingdom under the Irish Free State Constitution Act 1922 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Neil Young was born in the forties. | Neil Percival Young , -LRB- born November 12 , 1945 -RRB- , is a Canadian singer-songwriter , musician , producer , director and screenwriter . Young began performing in a group covering Shadows instrumentals in Canada in 1960 . In 1966 , after a brief stint with the Rick James-fronted Mynah Birds , he moved to Los Angeles , where he formed Buffalo Springfield with Stephen Stills , Richie Furay and others . Young had released two solo albums by the time he joined Crosby , Stills & Nash in 1969 , in addition to two as a member of Buffalo Springfield . From his early solo albums and those with his backing band Crazy Horse , Young has recorded a steady stream of studio and live albums , sometimes warring with his recording company along the way . Young 's often distorted electric guitar work , deeply personal lyrics and signature tenor singing voice transcend his long career . Young also plays piano and harmonica on many albums which frequently combine folk , rock , blues and other musical styles . Known to rip up live set lists , Young often plays acoustic versions of songs in one show and electric versions in others . His gritty guitar work , especially with Crazy Horse , earned him the nickname `` Godfather of Grunge '' and led to his 1995 album Mirror Ball with Pearl Jam . More recently Young has been backed by Promise of the Real . Young directed -LRB- or co-directed -RRB- films using the pseudonym Bernard Shakey , including Journey Through the Past -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , Rust Never Sleeps -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , Human Highway -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Greendale -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , and CSNY/D éjà Vu -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . He also contributed to the soundtracks of the films Philadelphia -LRB- 1993 -RRB- and Dead Man -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Young has received several Grammy and Juno awards . The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame inducted him twice : as a solo artist in 1995 and in 1997 as a member of Buffalo Springfield . In 2000 , Rolling Stone named Young the 34th greatest rock 'n roll artist . He has lived in California since the 1960s but retains Canadian citizenship . He was awarded the Order of Manitoba on July 14 , 2006 , and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada on December 30 , 2009 . | `` Young Blood '' is the second single by American singer Norah Jones from her fourth album , The Fall . It was released exclusively on February 16 , 2010 for North America , Europe -LRB- minus the UK -RRB- and Japan . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.A Fine Romance is a TV series. | A Fine Romance is a British situation comedy starring husband-and-wife team Judi Dench and Michael Williams . Dench 's sister and brother-in-law were played by Susan Penhaligon and Richard Warwick . It was produced by London Weekend Television and written by Bob Larbey . It was first broadcast on 8 November 1981 . It lasted for 26 episodes over four series ; the final episode being broadcast on 17 February 1984 . The series takes its name from a song in the 1936 film Swing Time , starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers , which Dench recorded as the theme music . The series was nominated for nine BAFTA British Academy Television Awards and a winner of two , both for Dench 's performance in 1982 and 1985 . | The Fair Love -LRB- ; lit . `` Fair Love '' -RRB- is a 2010 South Korean romance film starring Ahn Sung-ki and Lee Ha-na . It premiered at the 2009 Busan International Film Festival , and was released in theaters on January 14 , 2010 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Varun Dhawan has been in Hindi movies. | Varun Dhawan -LRB- born 24 April 1987 -RRB- is an Indian actor who appears in Hindi films . The son of film director David Dhawan , he studied Business Management from the Nottingham Trent University , after which he worked as an assistant director to Karan Johar on the 2010 drama My Name Is Khan . Dhawan made his acting debut with Johar 's 2012 romantic comedy Student of the Year , for which he received a Filmfare nomination for Best Male Debut . Dhawan established himself in Bollywood by starring in the romance Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and the dance film ABCD 2 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , both of which earned over worldwide . He garnered a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for portraying an avenger in the crime thriller Badlapur -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . Dhawan subsequently starred in the action drama Dilwale -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , the crime drama Dishoom -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and the romantic comedy Badrinath Ki Dulhania -LRB- 2017 -RRB- ; the former ranks among the highest-grossing Bollywood films . | Aidondla Aidu is a 2011 Indian Kannada language anthology drama film directed by V. K. Prakash and produced by Vachan Shetty and Sujitha Prakash . The film is based on the extracts from 18 Natakangal , a Sahitya Akademi award winning collection of short stories written by Jayaprakash Kuloor . The story is centered on man-woman relationships , which is weaved into a single story encapsulating the struggles of a filmmaker , exploring different facets of the institution called marriage . The film released on 16 September 2011 across Karnataka and was later remade in Malayalam as Poppins . The film met critical appraisals however commercially it could not be successful . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Yardie was published in 2000. | Yardie was the first novel by Jamaican-born British writer Victor Headley , published in London in 1992 by Dotun Adebayo 's X Press . As described by Goodreads : `` Yardie is , quite simply , a literary sensation in England . Originally published by X Press , a two-man operation , the book was produced on a desktop computer and distributed through unusual channels : it was sold at clothing shops , hairdressers , and even on top of over-turned dumpsters outside of nightclubs . On word of mouth alone , Yardie has sold over twelve thousand copies . '' The novel borrows its title from yardie , a term stemming from the slang name originally given to occupants of `` government yards '' -- social housing projects with very basic amenities , and is based on the fictional story a young Jamaican 's rise from the streets of London to the top of the drug-dealing underworld , . | Microsoft Office 2000 is a release of Microsoft Office , an office suite developed by Microsoft for the Windows family of operating systems . Office 2000 was released to manufacturing on March 29 , 1999 , and was made available to retail on June 7 , 1999 . It is the successor to Office 97 and the predecessor to Office XP . New features in Office 2000 include HTML document creation and publishing ; Internet collaboration features such as integration with NetMeeting ; roaming user profile support ; an updated version of the Office Assistant ; and new interface improvements including personalized menus and toolbars that omit infrequently used commands from the interface . Additionally , Office 2000 introduces PhotoDraw , a raster and vector imaging program ; and Web Components . Office 2000 offers improved compliance with the year 2000 and is the first version of Office to use Windows Installer for the installation process . Microsoft globally released five main editions of Office 2000 : Standard , Small Business , Professional , Premium , and Developer . An additional Personal edition exclusive to Japan was also released . All retail editions of Office 2000 sold in Australia , Brazil , China , France , and New Zealand , as well as academic copies sold in Canada and the United States , required the user to activate the product via the Internet . Microsoft extended this requirement to retail editions sold in Canada and the United States with the availability of Office 2000 Service Release 1 . Product activation is however disabled in Office 2000 after April 15 , 2003 . Office 2000 supports Windows 95 , Windows NT 4.0 SP3 , Windows 98 , and Windows Me . It is the last version of Office to support Windows 95 as its successor , Office XP , is not compatible . Microsoft released a total of three service packs for Office 2000 throughout its lifecycle . The first update was called Service Release 1 -LRB- SR-1 -RRB- , while subsequent updates were referred to as service packs . Mainstream support for Office 2000 ended on June 30 , 2004 , and extended support ended on July 14 , 2009 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.The base for Android's code is released for free to be modified by anyone. | Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google , based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets . Android 's user interface is mainly based on direct manipulation , using touch gestures that loosely correspond to real-world actions , such as swiping , tapping and pinching , to manipulate on-screen objects , along with a virtual keyboard for text input . In addition to touchscreen devices , Google has further developed Android TV for televisions , Android Auto for cars , and Android Wear for wrist watches , each with a specialized user interface . Variants of Android are also used on notebooks , game consoles , digital cameras , and other electronics . Initially developed by Android Inc. , which Google bought in 2005 , Android was unveiled in 2007 , along with the founding of the Open Handset Alliancea consortium of hardware , software , and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices . Beginning with the first commercial Android device in September 2008 , the operating system has gone through multiple major releases , with the current version being 7.0 `` Nougat '' , released in August 2016 . Android applications -LRB- `` apps '' -RRB- can be downloaded from the Google Play store , which features over 2.7 million apps as of February 2017 . Android has been the best-selling OS on tablets since 2013 , and runs on the vast majority of smartphones . , Android has two billion monthly active users , and it has the largest installed base of any operating system . Android 's source code is released by Google under an open source license , although most Android devices ultimately ship with a combination of free and open source and proprietary software , including proprietary software required for accessing Google services . Android is popular with technology companies that require a ready-made , low-cost and customizable operating system for high-tech devices . Its open nature has encouraged a large community of developers and enthusiasts to use the open-source code as a foundation for community-driven projects , which deliver updates to older devices , add new features for advanced users or bring Android to devices originally shipped with other operating systems . The extensive variation of hardware in Android devices causes significant delays for software upgrades , with new versions of the operating system and security patches typically taking months before reaching consumers , or sometimes not at all . The success of Android has made it a target for patent and copyright litigation as part of the so-called `` smartphone wars '' between technology companies . | Codacy is an automated code review application that includes static analysis functionality for Python , Ruby , PHP , Java , JavaScript , Scala , Swift , TypeScript and other programming languages . Codacy integrates closely with Git , a distributed version control system . Members of a software development team can review each other 's modifications , from the web browser , as part of the code review process . All modifications are checked post commit and given code quality ratings . These code quality ratings assess the properties of codes across several dimensions , such as security and duplication , accuracy , complexity , coding style and other metrics . The platform also parses logs from code coverage tools and presents the evolution of code coverage side by side with the other software metrics . Codacy is configurable : users , can define and enable or disable patterns . It integrates with GitHub , Bitbucket , JIRA , YouTrack , Heroku , HipChat and Slack . Codacy also offers an Enterprise version that runs in the clients ' servers and integrates with Jenkins , GitHub Enterprise , Bitbucket Server and GitLab . Codacy is free for open-source software projects , and offers paid accounts for software developers who wish to have private repositories . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Iron Fist is based on the Marvel Comics character. | Marvel 's Iron Fist , or simply Iron Fist , is an American web television series created for Netflix by Scott Buck , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise and is the fourth in a series of shows that will lead up to The Defenders crossover miniseries . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios and Devilina Productions , with Buck serving as showrunner . Finn Jones stars as Danny Rand / Iron Fist , a martial arts expert with the ability to call upon the power of the Iron Fist . Jessica Henwick , Tom Pelphrey , Jessica Stroup , Ramón Rodríguez , Sacha Dhawan , Rosario Dawson and David Wenham also star . After a film based on the character spent over a decade in development at Marvel Studios , development for the series began in late 2013 at Marvel Television , with Buck hired as the series showrunner in December 2015 and Jones cast as Rand in February 2016 . Filming began in New York City in April 2016 and concluded in October 2016 . Iron Fist had its premiere on March 15 , 2017 , in New York City , with the full season of 13 episodes releasing on Netflix on March 17 , 2017 . The series received mixed reviews from critics , with criticism aimed towards its pace and storytelling , underwhelming fight sequences , and Jones ' portrayal of Rand , while Henwick 's performance as Colleen Wing and the appearances of established characters Claire Temple and Jeri Hogarth received praise . Third-party data analytics determined the series had strong initial viewership , but this was shortly cut in half . | Jack Power , currently known as Mass Master , formerly Counterweight and Destroyer , is a fictional character in Marvel Comics ' universe . He first appeared in Power Pack # 1 and was created by Louise Simonson and June Brigman . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Bulgaria became a market-based economy. | Bulgaria -LRB- -LSB- bʌlˈɡɛəriə , _ bʊl - -RSB- България , tr . -RRB- , officially the Republic of Bulgaria -LRB- -LSB- Република България , links = no -RSB- , tr . , -LSB- rɛˈpublikɐ bɐɫˈɡarijɐ -RSB- -RRB- , is a country in southeastern Europe . It is bordered by Romania to the north , Serbia and Macedonia to the west , Greece and Turkey to the south , and the Black Sea to the east . With a territory of 110994 km2 , Bulgaria is Europe 's 16th-largest country . Organised prehistoric cultures began developing on current Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period . Its ancient history saw the presence of the Thracians , Greeks , Persians , Celts , Romans , Goths , Alans and Huns . The emergence of a unified Bulgarian state dates back to the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire in 681 AD , which dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavs during the Middle Ages . With the downfall of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1396 , its territories came under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries . The Russo-Turkish War of 1877 -- 78 led to the formation of the Third Bulgarian State . The following years saw several conflicts with its neighbours , which prompted Bulgaria to align with Germany in both world wars . In 1946 it became a one-party socialist state as part of the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc . In December 1989 the ruling Communist Party allowed multi-party elections , which subsequently led to Bulgaria 's transition into a democracy and a market-based economy . Bulgaria 's population of 7.2 million people is predominantly urbanised and mainly concentrated in the administrative centres of its 28 provinces . Most commercial and cultural activities are centred on the capital and largest city , Sofia . The strongest sectors of the economy are heavy industry , power engineering , and agriculture , all of which rely on local natural resources . The country 's current political structure dates to the adoption of a democratic constitution in 1991 . Bulgaria is a unitary parliamentary republic with a high degree of political , administrative , and economic centralisation . It is a member of the European Union , NATO , and the Council of Europe ; a founding state of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe -LRB- OSCE -RRB- ; and has taken a seat at the UN Security Council three times . | Marketization or marketisation is a restructuring process that enables state enterprises to operate as market-oriented firms by changing the legal environment in which they operate . This is achieved through reduction of state subsidies , organizational restructuring of management -LRB- corporatization -RRB- , decentralization and in some cases partial privatization . These steps , it is argued , will lead to the creation of a functioning market system by converting the previous state enterprises to operate under market pressures as state-owned commercial enterprises . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Xbox One is a gaming console. | Xbox One is a line of home video game consoles developed by Microsoft . Announced in May 2013 , it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox family . It was first released in North America , parts of Europe , Australia , and Brazil in November 2013 , and in Japan , China , and other European countries in September 2014 . It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China , specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone . Microsoft marketed the device as an `` all-in-one entertainment system '' . The Xbox One line mainly competes against consoles such as Sony 's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo 's Wii U as part of the eighth generation of video game consoles . Moving away from its predecessor 's PowerPC-based architecture , Xbox One marks a shift back to the x86 architecture used in the original Xbox ; it features an AMD Accelerated Processing Unit -LRB- APU -RRB- built around the x86-64 instruction set . Xbox One 's controller was redesigned over the Xbox 360 's , with a redesigned body , D-pad and triggers capable of delivering directional haptic feedback . The console places an increased emphasis on cloud computing , as well as social networking features , and the ability to record and share video clips or screenshots from gameplay , or live-stream directly to streaming services such as Mixer and Twitch . Games can also be played off-console via a local area network on supported Windows 10 devices . The console can play Blu-ray Disc , and overlay live television programming from an existing set-top box or a digital tuner for digital terrestrial television with an enhanced program guide . The console optionally included a redesigned Kinect sensor , marketed as the `` Kinect 2.0 '' , providing improved motion tracking and voice recognition for use in its graphical user interface -LRB- GUI -RRB- and games . Xbox One received mostly positive reception for its refined controller design , multimedia features , and voice navigation . Its quieter and cooler design was praised for making the console more reliable than its predecessor on-launch , but the console was generally criticized for running games at a technically lower graphical level than the PlayStation 4 . Its original user interface was panned for being nonintuitive , although changes made to it and other aspects of the console 's software post-launch received positive reception . Its Kinect received praise for its improved motion-tracking accuracy , its face recognition logins , and its voice commands . In August 2016 , Microsoft released a refreshed Xbox One model known as Xbox One S ; it has a streamlined design , native support for 4K video playback and upscaling , and HDR10 high-dynamic-range color . It was praised for its smaller size , its on-screen visual improvements , and its lack of an external power supply , but its regressions such as the lack of a native Kinect port were noted . A future hardware revision codenamed `` Project Scorpio '' is scheduled for late-2017 ; it will feature major hardware upgrades focused on enabling 4K gameplay and support for virtual reality hardware , and will be backward compatible with all existing Xbox One software and hardware . | is a gaming brand that consists of four home video game consoles , as well as a media center , an online service , a line of controllers , two handhelds and a phone , as well as multiple magazines . It is created and owned by Sony Interactive Entertainment since December 3 , , with the launch of the original PlayStation in Japan . The original console in the series was the first video game console to ship 100 million units , 9 years and 6 months after its initial launch . Its successor , the PlayStation 2 , was released in 2000 . The PlayStation 2 is the best-selling home console to date , having reached over 155 million units sold as of December 28 , 2012 . Sony 's next console , the PlayStation 3 , was released in 2006 and has sold over 80 million consoles worldwide as of November 2013 . Sony 's latest console , the PlayStation 4 , was released in 2013 , selling 1 million consoles in its first 24 hours on sale , becoming the fastest selling console in history . The first handheld game console in the PlayStation series , the PlayStation Portable or PSP , sold a total of 80 million units worldwide by November 2013 . Its successor , the PlayStation Vita , which launched in Japan on December 17 , 2011 and in most other major territories in February 2012 , had sold over 4 million units by January 2013 . PlayStation TV is a microconsole and a non-portable variant of the PlayStation Vita handheld game console . Other hardware released as part of the PlayStation series includes the PSX , a digital video recorder which was integrated with the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 , though it was short lived due to its high price and was never released outside Japan , as well as a Sony Bravia television set which has an integrated PlayStation 2 . The main series of controllers utilized by the PlayStation series is the DualShock , which is a line of vibration-feedback gamepad having sold 28 million controllers as of June 28 , 2008 . The PlayStation Network is an online service with over 110 million users worldwide -LRB- as of July 2013 -RRB- . It comprises an online virtual market , the PlayStation Store , which allows the purchase and download of games and various forms of multimedia , a subscription-based online service known as PlayStation Plus and a social gaming networking service called PlayStation Home , which had over 41 million users worldwide at the time of its closure in March 2015 . PlayStation Mobile -LRB- formerly PlayStation Suite -RRB- is a software framework that provides PlayStation content on mobile devices . Version 1 . xx supports both PlayStation Vita , PlayStation TV and certain devices that run the Android operating system , whereas version 2.00 released in 2014 would only target PlayStation Vita and -LRB- optionally -RRB- PlayStation TV . Content set to be released under the framework consist of only original PlayStation games currently . 7th generation PlayStation products also use the XrossMediaBar , which is an award-winning graphical user interface . A touch screen-based user interface called LiveArea was launched for the PlayStation Vita , which integrates social networking elements into the interface . Additionally , the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation 3 consoles also featured support for Linux-based operating systems ; Linux for PlayStation 2 and OtherOS respectively , though this has since been discontinued . The series has also been known for its numerous marketing campaigns , the latest of which being the `` Greatness Awaits '' commercials in the United States . The series also has a strong line-up of first-party titles due to Sony Interactive Entertainment Worldwide Studios , a group of fifteen first-party developers owned by Sony Interactive Entertainment which are dedicated to developing first-party games for the series . In addition , the series features various budget re-releases of titles by Sony with different names for each region ; these include the Greatest Hits , Platinum , Essentials , Favorites and The Best ranges of titles . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Adrian Molina has worked on live action films. | Adrian Molina -LRB- born August 23 , 1985 -RRB- is an American screenwriter and storyboard artist . He has been at Pixar since 2007 , where he started as a 2D animator on Ratatouille . He later moved on to be a storyboard artist , working on Toy Story 3 and Monsters University . After writing for The Good Dinosaur , Molina started his first gig as a screenplay writer for Coco and later went on to co-direct the film . Molina also illustrated the Little Golden Book for Toy Story 3 . A native of Yuba City , California , he graduated from the California Institute of the Arts in 2007 . Molina is married to Ryan Dooley . | Adrian Adolph Greenberg -LRB- March 3 , 1903 -- September 13 , 1959 -RRB- , widely known as Adrian , was an American costume designer whose most famous costumes were for The Wizard of Oz and other Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films of the 1930s and 1940s . During his career , he designed costumes for over 250 films and his screen credits usually read as `` Gowns by Adrian '' . On occasion , he was credited as Gilbert Adrian , a combination of his father 's forename and his own . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Shia LaBeouf was in a film in the Transformers franchise. | Shia Saide LaBeouf -LRB- -LSB- ˈʃaɪ.ə _ ləˈbʌf -RSB- born June 11 , 1986 -RRB- is an American actor , performance artist , and filmmaker . He became known among younger audiences as Louis Stevens in the Disney Channel series Even Stevens , a role for which LaBeouf received a Young Artist Award nomination in 2001 and won a Daytime Emmy Award in 2003 . He made his film debut in Holes -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , based on the novel of the same name by Louis Sachar . In 2004 , he made his directorial debut with the short film Let 's Love Hate and later directed a short film titled Maniac -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , starring American rappers Cage and Kid Cudi . In 2007 , LaBeouf starred in the commercially successful films Disturbia and Surf 's Up . The same year he was cast in Michael Bay 's science fiction film Transformers as Sam Witwicky , the main protagonist of the series . Despite mixed reviews , Transformers was a box office success and one of the highest-grossing films of 2007 . LaBeouf later appeared in its sequels Transformers : Revenge of the Fallen -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Transformers : Dark of the Moon -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , both also box office successes . In 2008 , he played Henry `` Mutt Williams '' Jones III in Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull , the fourth film in the Indiana Jones franchise . His other films include Wall Street : Money Never Sleeps -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , Lawless -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , The Company You Keep -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Nymphomaniac -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Fury -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Since 2014 , LaBeouf has pursued a variety of public performance art projects with LaBeouf , Rönkkö & Turner . | The Transformers is a half-hour American animated television series which originally aired from September 17 , 1984 to November 11 , 1987 . The first of many series in the Transformers franchise , it was based upon Hasbro 's Transformers toy line -LRB- itself based upon the Diaclone and Microman toy lines originally created by Japanese toy manufacturer Takara -RRB- and depicts a war among giant robots that can transform into vehicles and other objects . Co-produced between Marvel Productions and Sunbow Productions for first-run syndication , animation for the series was predominantly done by Toei Animation in Japan , and AKOM in South Korea . The series was supplemented by a feature film , The Transformers : The Movie -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , taking place between the second and third seasons . This series is also popularly referred to as `` Generation 1 '' , a term originally coined by fans in response to the re-branding of the franchise as Transformers : Generation 2 in 1992 , which eventually made its way into official use . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Nick Kroll has a supporting role in at least one movie. | Nicholas `` Nick '' Kroll -LRB- born June 5 , 1978 -RRB- is an American actor , comedian , writer , and producer . He is best known for his role as Rodney Ruxin in the FX/FXX comedy series The League , and for creating and starring in the Comedy Central series Kroll Show . He has had supporting roles in films such as I Love You , Man , Date Night , Get Him to the Greek , Dinner for Shmucks , and A Good Old Fashioned Orgy and more prominent roles in films such as Adult Beginners , Joshy , My Blind Brother , Sausage Party , and Loving . | Get Him to the Greek is a 2010 American black comedy film written , produced and directed by Nicholas Stoller and starring Russell Brand and Jonah Hill . Released on June 4 , 2010 , the film serves as a spin-off sequel of Stoller 's 2008 film Forgetting Sarah Marshall , reuniting director Stoller with stars Hill and Brand and producer Judd Apatow . Brand reprises his role as character Aldous Snow from Forgetting Sarah Marshall , while Hill plays an entirely new character . The film also stars Elisabeth Moss , Rose Byrne , Sean `` Diddy '' Combs , and Colm Meaney . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.On 29 May 1630, Charles II of England was born. | Charles II -LRB- 29 May 1630 -- 6 February 1685 -RRB- was king of England , Scotland and Ireland . He was king of Scotland from 1649 until his deposition in 1651 , and king of England , Scotland and Ireland from the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 until his death . Charles II 's father , Charles I , was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649 , at the climax of the English Civil War . Although the Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on 5 February 1649 , England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth , and the country was a de facto republic , led by Oliver Cromwell . Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651 , and Charles fled to mainland Europe . Cromwell became virtual dictator of England , Scotland and Ireland , and Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France , the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands . A political crisis that followed the death of Cromwell in 1658 resulted in the restoration of the monarchy , and Charles was invited to return to Britain . On 29 May 1660 , his 30th birthday , he was received in London to public acclaim . After 1660 , all legal documents were dated as if he had succeeded his father as king in 1649 . Charles 's English parliament enacted laws known as the Clarendon Code , designed to shore up the position of the re-established Church of England . Charles acquiesced to the Clarendon Code even though he favoured a policy of religious tolerance . The major foreign policy issue of his early reign was the Second Anglo-Dutch War . In 1670 , he entered into the secret treaty of Dover , an alliance with his first cousin King Louis XIV of France . Louis agreed to aid him in the Third Anglo-Dutch War and pay him a pension , and Charles secretly promised to convert to Catholicism at an unspecified future date . Charles attempted to introduce religious freedom for Catholics and Protestant dissenters with his 1672 Royal Declaration of Indulgence , but the English Parliament forced him to withdraw it . In 1679 , Titus Oates 's revelations of a supposed `` Popish Plot '' sparked the Exclusion Crisis when it was revealed that Charles 's brother and heir -LRB- James , Duke of York -RRB- was a Catholic . The crisis saw the birth of the pro-exclusion Whig and anti-exclusion Tory parties . Charles sided with the Tories , and , following the discovery of the Rye House Plot to murder Charles and James in 1683 , some Whig leaders were executed or forced into exile . Charles dissolved the English Parliament in 1681 , and ruled alone until his death on 6 February 1685 . He was received into the Roman Catholic Church on his deathbed . Charles was popularly known as the Merry Monarch , in reference to both the liveliness and hedonism of his court and the general relief at the return to normality after over a decade of rule by Cromwell and the Puritans . Charles 's wife , Catherine of Braganza , bore no live children , but Charles acknowledged at least twelve illegitimate children by various mistresses . He was succeeded by his brother James . | The Marriage Treaty or the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty was a treaty of alliance agreed between the Kingdom of England and Portugal in 1661 . It led to the marriage of Charles II of England and Catherine of Braganza , the daughter of John IV of Portugal . The pact renewed the traditional Anglo-Portuguese Alliance between the countries . It was a marriage of state , common in the era . Charles had recently been restored to the thrones of England , Scotland and Ireland and had been lobbied by both Portugal and the Spanish who pushed rival candidates as a potential wife . Although Charles had previously been allied to Spain through the Treaty of Brussels , his relations with Madrid had become increasingly strained . Spain demanded the return of possessions taken by the English Republic , notably Jamaica , which Charles was willing to agree to . The Portuguese match received strong support from the influential English statesman Edward Hyde and his Irish ally Ormonde . As well as a cash payment Catherine 's dowry also brought with it the settlements of Bombay and Tangier . Over time both of these came to be regarded as liabilities . Charles sold his rights over Bombay to the East India Company . Tangier was maintained until being evacuated by 1684 , but was under constant pressure from surrounding Moorish forces . It also became a source of political controversy in England as Whigs suggested that the garrison , which had a large number of Irish Catholics , was designed to be brought over to Britain to impose royal absolutism . In accordance with the agreement a force of British and Irish troops under Frederick Schomberg were raised to serve in Portugal 's ongoing war of independence against Spain . Portugal was able to successfully secure its independence in 1668 . Charles and Catherine were unable to conceive a child , meaning that in 1685 the throne passed to the King 's brother James , Duke of York . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Carmelo Anthony is a person. | Carmelo Kyam Anthony -LRB- born May 29 , 1984 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- . Anthony attended Towson Catholic High School and Oak Hill Academy before playing college basketball at Syracuse . In Anthony 's freshman season , he led the Orangemen to their first and only National Championship and was named the NCAA Tournament 's Most Outstanding Player . Anthony then entered the 2003 NBA draft where he was selected with the third overall pick by the Denver Nuggets . Since entering the NBA , Anthony has been named an All-Star ten times and an All-NBA Team member six times . While playing for Denver , he led the Nuggets to the playoffs every year from 2004 to 2010 , winning two division titles in that span . In 2009 , Anthony led the Nuggets to their first Conference Finals appearance since 1985 . In 2011 , he was traded from Denver to the New York Knicks just days prior to the NBA trade deadline . On January 24 , 2014 , against the Charlotte Bobcats , Anthony set the Madison Square Garden and Knicks ' single-game scoring record with a career-high 62 points . Anthony has been a member of the USA Olympic basketball team a record four times , winning a bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics and gold medals at the 2008 , 2012 , and 2016 Summer Olympics . He is the United States Olympic men 's national basketball team all-time leading scorer , leader in rebounds and games played . | Anthony Michaels-Moore -LRB- born 8 April 1957 -RRB- is an English operatic baritone and the first British winner of the Luciano Pavarotti International Voice Competition -LRB- Philadelphia , 1985 -RRB- Anthony has since performed in many of the world 's major opera houses across Europe , the Americas , and Asia . He has distinguished himself as a specialist in Verdi and Puccini roles , most renowned for his portrayals of Falstaff , Nabucco , Rigoletto , Simon Boccanegra , Iago in Otello , Germont in La traviata , Sharpless in Madama Butterfly , and Scarpia in Tosca . In addition to the standard repertoire , he has sung and recorded the baritone roles of some of the less-known 19th Century Italian operas . Anthony currently lives in Santa Fe , New Mexico . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Gene Hackman was in a film. | Eugene Allen `` Gene '' Hackman -LRB- born January 30 , 1930 -RRB- is a retired American actor and novelist . In a career spanning nearly five decades , Hackman was nominated for five Academy Awards , winning Best Actor in The French Connection and Best Supporting Actor in Unforgiven . He won three Golden Globes and two BAFTAs . He first came to fame in 1967 with his performance as Buck Barrow in Bonnie and Clyde , in which he gained his first Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . His major subsequent films include : I Never Sang for My Father -LRB- 1970 -RRB- , in which he gained his second Best Supporting Actor nomination ; The French Connection -LRB- 1971 -RRB- and French Connection II -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , in which he played Jimmy `` Popeye '' Doyle ; The Poseidon Adventure -LRB- 1972 -RRB- ; The Conversation -LRB- 1974 -RRB- ; Superman : The Movie -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , in which he played arch-villain Lex Luthor ; Hoosiers -LRB- 1986 -RRB- ; and Mississippi Burning -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , in which he gained his second Best Actor nomination . His film roles during the 1990s featured : Unforgiven -LRB- 1992 -RRB- ; The Firm -LRB- 1993 -RRB- ; Crimson Tide -LRB- 1995 -RRB- ; Get Shorty -LRB- 1995 -RRB- ; The Birdcage -LRB- 1996 -RRB- ; and Enemy of the State -LRB- 1998 -RRB- Later roles included : Behind Enemy Lines -LRB- 2001 -RRB- ; and The Royal Tenenbaums -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . Hackman 's final film appearance to date was the romantic comedy Welcome to Mooseport in 2004 , co-starring comedian Ray Romano . | Rocket Gibraltar is a 1988 American drama film released directed by Daniel Petrie and starring Burt Lancaster , Suzy Amis , Patricia Clarkson , Bill Pullman , Kevin Spacey and Macaulay Culkin in his film debut . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Juliette Binoche was a composer for French films. | Juliette Binoche -LRB- -LSB- ʒyljɛt binɔʃ -RSB- ; born 9 March 1964 -RRB- is a French actress , artist and dancer . She has appeared in more than 60 feature films , been recipient of numerous international awards , and has appeared on stage and in movies across the world . Coming from an artistic background , she began taking acting lessons during adolescence . After performing in several stage productions , she began acting in films by auteur directors Jean-Luc Godard -LRB- Hail Mary , 1985 -RRB- , Jacques Doillon -LRB- Family Life , 1985 -RRB- and André Téchiné , who made her a star in France with the leading role in his 1985 drama Rendez-vous . Her sensual performance in her English-language debut The Unbearable Lightness of Being -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , directed by Philip Kaufman , launched her international career . She sparked the interest of Steven Spielberg , who offered her several parts including a role in Jurassic Park which she declined , choosing instead to join Krzysztof Kieślowski in Three Colors : Blue -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , a performance for which she won the Venice Film Festival Award for Best Actress and a César . Three years later Binoche gained further acclaim in Anthony Minghella 's The English Patient -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , for which she was awarded an Academy Award and a BAFTA for Best Supporting Actress in addition to the Best Actress Award at the 1997 Berlin International Film Festival . For her performance in Lasse Hallström 's romantic comedy Chocolat -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Binoche was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress . During the 2000s she maintained a successful career , alternating between French and English language roles in both mainstream and art-house productions . In 2010 , she won the Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival for her role in Abbas Kiarostami 's Certified Copy making her the first actress to win the European `` Best Actress Triple Crown '' -LRB- for winning best actress award at the Berlin , Cannes and Venice film festivals -RRB- . Throughout her career Binoche has intermittently appeared on stage , most notably in a 1998 London production of Luigi Pirandello 's Naked and in a 2000 production of Harold Pinter 's Betrayal on Broadway for which she was nominated for a Tony Award . In 2008 she began a world tour with a modern dance production in-i devised in collaboration with Akram Khan . Her other notable performances include : Mauvais Sang -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , Les Amants du Pont-Neuf -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , Damage -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The Horseman on the Roof -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , Code Unknown -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Caché -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Breaking and Entering -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Flight of the Red Balloon -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Camille Claudel 1915 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Clouds of Sils Maria -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . | Guillaume Leriche -LRB- born 6 June 1975 -RRB- is a French sound engineer . He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film Amélie . He has worked on over 70 films since 2000 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Burundi is a place. | Burundi -LRB- -LSB- bəˈrʊndi -RSB- or -LSB- bəˈrʌndi -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Burundi -LRB- Republika y' Uburundi , -LSB- buˈɾundi -RSB- République du Burundi , -LSB- buʁundi -RSB- or -LSB- byʁyndi -RSB- -RRB- , is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa , bordered by Rwanda to the north , Tanzania to the east and south , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west . It is also considered part of Central Africa . Burundi 's capital is Bujumbura . The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika . The Twa , Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years . For more than 200 of those years , Burundi was an independent kingdom , until the beginning of the 20th century , when Germany colonised the region . After the First World War and Germany 's defeat , it ceded the territory to Belgium . Both Germans and Belgians ruled Burundi and Rwanda as a European colony known as Ruanda-Urundi . Despite common misconceptions , Burundi and Rwanda had never been under common rule until the time of European colonisation . Burundi gained independence in 1962 and initially had a monarchy , but a series of assassinations , coups and a general climate of regional instability culminated in the establishment of a republic and one-party state in 1966 . Bouts of ethnic cleansing and ultimately two civil wars and genocides during the 1970s and again in the 1990s left the country undeveloped and its population as one of the world 's poorest . 2015 witnessed large-scale political strife as President Pierre Nkurunziza opted to run for a third term in office , a coup attempt failed and the country 's parliamentary and presidential elections were broadly criticised by members of the international community . Burundi 's political system is that of a presidential representative democratic republic based upon a multi-party state . The President of Burundi is the head of state and head of government . There are currently 21 registered parties in Burundi . On 13 March 1992 , Tutsi coup leader Pierre Buyoya established a constitution , which provided for a multi-party political process and reflected multi-party competition . Six years later , on 6 June 1998 , the constitution was changed , broadening National Assembly 's seats and making provisions for two vice-presidents . Because of the Arusha Accord , Burundi enacted a transitional government in 2000 . In October 2016 , Burundi informed the UN of its intention to withdraw from the International Criminal Court . Burundi remains an overwhelmingly rural society , with just 13 % of the population living in urban areas in 2013 . The population density of around 315 people per square kilometre -LRB- 753 per sq mi -RRB- is the second highest in Sub-Saharan Africa . Roughly 85 % of the population are of Hutu ethnic origin , 15 % are Tutsi , and fewer than 1 % are indigenous Twa -LRB- or Pygmies -RRB- . The official languages of Burundi are French and Kirundi , although Swahili can be found spoken along the Tanzanian border . One of the smallest countries in Africa , Burundi has an equatorial climate . Burundi is a part of the Albertine Rift , the western extension of the East African Rift . The country lies on a rolling plateau in the centre of Africa . The highest peak , Mount Heha at 8810 ft , lies to the southeast of the capital , Bujumbura . The source of the River Nile is in Bururi province , and is linked from Lake Victoria to its headwaters via the Ruvyironza River Another major lake is Lake Tanganyika , located in much of Burundi 's southwestern corner . There are two national parks , Kibira National Park to the northwest -LRB- a small region of rain forest , adjacent to Nyungwe Forest National Park in Rwanda -RRB- , Ruvubu National Park to the northeast -LRB- along the Rurubu River , also known as Ruvubu or Ruvuvu -RRB- . Both were established in 1982 to conserve wildlife populations . Burundi 's lands are mostly agricultural or pasture . Settlement by rural populations has led to deforestation , soil erosion and habitat loss . Deforestation of the entire country is almost completely due to overpopulation , with a mere 230 mi2 remaining and an ongoing loss of about 9 % per annum . In addition to poverty , Burundians often have to deal with corruption , weak infrastructure , poor access to health and education services , and hunger . Burundi is densely populated and has had substantial emigration as young people seek opportunities elsewhere . The World Happiness Report 2017 ranked Burundi as the world 's second least happy nation with a rank of 154 . | Zimbabwe -LRB- -LSB- zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Zimbabwe , is a landlocked country located in southern Africa , between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers . It is bordered by South Africa to the south , Botswana to the west and southwest , Zambia to the northwest , and Mozambique to the east and northeast . Although it does not border Namibia , less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River separates it from that country . The capital and largest city is Harare . A country of roughly 13 million people , Zimbabwe has 16 official languages , with English , Shona , and Ndebele the most commonly used . Since the 11th century , present-day Zimbabwe has been the site of several organised states and kingdoms as well as a major route for migration and trade . The British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes first demarcated the present territory during the 1890s ; it became the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia in 1923 . In 1965 , the conservative white minority government unilaterally declared independence as Rhodesia . The state endured international isolation and a 15-year guerrilla war with black nationalist forces ; this culminated in a peace agreement that established universal enfranchisement and de jure sovereignty in April 1980 . Zimbabwe then rejoined the Commonwealth of Nations -- which it withdrew from in 2003 . It is a member of the United Nations , the Southern African Development Community -LRB- SADC -RRB- , the African Union -LRB- AU -RRB- , and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa -LRB- COMESA -RRB- . Robert Mugabe became Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980 , when his ZANU-PF party won the elections following the end of white minority rule ; he has been the president of Zimbabwe since 1987 . Under Mugabe 's authoritarian regime , the state security apparatus has dominated the country and been responsible for widespread human rights violations . Mugabe has maintained the revolutionary socialist rhetoric from the Cold War era , blaming Zimbabwe 's economic woes on conspiring Western capitalist countries , while still executing conservative policies . Burnished by his anti-imperialist credentials , contemporary African political leaders have been reluctant to criticise Mugabe , though Archbishop Desmond Tutu has called him `` a cartoon figure of an archetypal African dictator '' . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Bryan Adams has won awards for writing songs. | Bryan Guy Adams , -LRB- born 5 November 1959 -RRB- is a Canadian singer , songwriter , record producer , guitarist , photographer , philanthropist and activist . Adams rose to fame in North America with his 1983 album Cuts Like a Knife and turned into a global star with his 1984 album Reckless which produced some of his best known songs including `` Run to You '' and `` Summer of ' 69 '' . In 1991 , he released '' -LRB- Everything I Do -RRB- I Do It for You '' from the album Waking Up the Neighbours and the song became a worldwide hit which went to number 1 in many countries , including 16 consecutive weeks in the United Kingdom , a new record . Adams also had the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles `` Heaven '' , `` All for Love '' and `` Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman ? '' For his contributions to music , Adams has garnered many awards and nominations , including 20 Juno Awards among 56 nominations , 15 Grammy Award nominations including a win for Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or Television in 1992 . He has also won MTV , ASCAP , American Music awards , three Ivor Novello Awards for song composition and has been nominated five times for Golden Globe Awards and three times for Academy Awards for his songwriting for films . Adams was awarded the Order of Canada and the Order of British Columbia for contributions to popular music and philanthropic work via his own foundation , which helps improve education for people around the world . Adams was inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame in March 2011 and Canada 's Walk of Fame , Canadian Broadcast Hall of Fame in 1998 , and in April 2006 he was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame at Canada 's Juno Awards . Adams has sold over 100 million records worldwide , making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time . In 2008 , Adams was ranked 38th on the list of All-Time top artists in the Billboard Hot 100 50th Anniversary Charts . On 13 January 2010 , he received the Allan Waters Humanitarian Award for his part in numerous charitable concerts and campaigns during his career , and on 1 May 2010 was given the Governor General 's Performing Arts Award for his 30 years of contributions to the arts . | Mark Mueller -LRB- born July 9 , 1956 -RRB- is an American songwriter whose career spans pop music , rock , R&B , television , film and stage . A two-time winner of the ASCAP Pop Award for writing one of the Most Performed Songs of the year , he 's had three Billboard Hot 100 Top Ten singles and one # 1 Adult Contemporary hit . Songs he has written have been featured on RIAA-certified gold and platinum records in four consecutive decades : the 1980s , 1990s , 2000s and 2010s ; and have been on the Billboard Top 10 charts for 30 years -LRB- 1986 to 2016 -RRB- . For his work in television , Mueller is the recipient of two Emmy nominations , both in the category of Outstanding Achievement in Music and Lyrics . Mueller wrote the words and music for the theme songs of both Disney 's DuckTales and Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers animated TV series . Born in the Bay Area , he now lives and works in Los Angeles , California . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Henrietta Maria of France was born in the 17th century. | Henrietta Maria of France -LRB- Henriette Marie 25 November 1609 -- 10 September 1669 -RRB- was queen consort of England , Scotland , and Ireland as the wife of King Charles I . She was mother of his two immediate successors , Charles II and James II . Her Roman Catholicism made her unpopular in England , and also prohibited her from being crowned in an Anglican service ; therefore she never had a coronation . She began to immerse herself in national affairs as civil war loomed on the horizon , and was compelled to seek refuge in France in 1644 , following the birth of her youngest daughter , Henrietta , during the height of the First English Civil War . The execution of King Charles in 1649 left her impoverished . She settled in Paris , and then returned to England after the Restoration of her eldest son , Charles , to the throne . In 1665 , she moved back to Paris , where she died four years later . The North American Province of Maryland was named in her honour , and the name was carried over into the current U.S. state of Maryland . | Henri Christophe -LRB- 1767 -- 1820 -RRB- also known as Henri I -LRB- or Henry I -RRB- , was a Haitian military leader and king . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Gilmore Girls is a horror show. | Gilmore Girls is an American comedy-drama television series created by Amy Sherman-Palladino starring Lauren Graham and Alexis Bledel . Sherman-Palladino , her husband Daniel Palladino , David S. Rosenthal , and Gavin Polone served as the executive producers . The series debuted on October 5 , 2000 , on The WB and remained a tent-pole to the network until its move to The CW on September 26 , 2006 . The series originally ran for seven seasons and ended its run on May 15 , 2007 . The show follows single mother Lorelai Gilmore -LRB- Graham -RRB- and her daughter Rory -LRB- Bledel -RRB- , living in the fictional town of Stars Hollow , Connecticut . The town is filled with colorful characters and is located approximately 30 minutes from Hartford , Connecticut . The series explores issues of family , friendship and romance , as well as generational divides and social class . Ambition , education , work , love , family , and questions of class constitute some of the series ' central concerns . The show 's social commentary manifests most clearly in Lorelai 's difficult relationship with her wealthy , appearance-obsessed parents , Emily and Richard Gilmore , and in Rory 's interactions with the students at the Chilton Academy , and later , Yale University . Gilmore Girls was released to critical acclaim . It featured fast-paced dialogue filled with pop-culture references . It won one Emmy Award for makeup in 2004 . The show placed 32 on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list , and was listed as one of Time magazine 's `` All-TIME 100 TV Shows '' in 2007 . In 2016 , the main cast and Sherman-Palladino returned for a four-part miniseries revival titled Gilmore Girls : A Year in the Life , which streamed on Netflix . | is an omnibus television series which features the cast of the several live action series produced along the years in the Garo franchise , celebrating its 10th anniversary . It aired between April 8 and June 24 , 2016 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Sharon Tate died in August. | Sharon Marie Tate Polanski -LRB- January 24 , 1943 -- August 9 , 1969 -RRB- was an American actress and model . During the 1960s , she played small television roles before appearing in films and was regularly featured in fashion magazines as a model and cover girl . After receiving positive reviews for her comedic and dramatic acting performances , Tate was hailed as one of Hollywood 's most promising newcomers . She made her film debut in 1966 with the occult-themed Eye of the Devil . Her most remembered performance was as Jennifer North in the 1967 cult classic film , Valley of the Dolls , earning her a Golden Globe Award nomination . Tate 's last completed film , 12 +1 was released posthumously in 1969 , with the actress receiving top billing . In January 20 , 1968 , Tate married Roman Polanski , her director and co-star in 1967 's The Fearless Vampire Killers . On August 9 , 1969 , Tate , along with four others , was murdered by members of the Manson Family in the home she shared with Polanski . At the time of her death , she was eight-and-a-half months pregnant with the couple 's son . A decade after Tate 's murder , the actress ' mother , Doris Tate , in response to the growing cult status of the killers and the possibility of them being granted parole , organized a public campaign that resulted in amendments to the California criminal law . Tate 's mother went on to say that the law would `` help transform Sharon 's legacy from murder victim to a symbol of victims ' rights '' . A book by Tate 's sister , Debra Tate , titled Sharon Tate : Recollection , was released in 2014 . | Shirley Patterson , sometimes billed as Shawn Smith , -LRB- December 26 , 1922 -- April 4 , 1995 -RRB- was a Canadian born B-movie actress of the 1940s and 1950s . Patterson began her acting career after being a beauty contestant in pageants in California in 1940 . She graduated from the Mar-Ken School in Sherman Oaks , California in 1941 , and shortly thereafter she signed a contract with Columbia Pictures . Her career spanned forty films , a small quantity of television appearances , and a serial . A beautiful woman , Patterson played the role of heroine in the 1943 fifteen chapter Batman serial . In 1944 she starred in The Vigilantes Ride alongside Russell Hayden and Bob Wills . In 1946 she accompanied Eddie Dean and Roscoe Ates in the film Driftin River , and starred with them again that same year in Tumbleweed Trail . She also was Eddie Dean 's object of affection in the song , `` Let 's Go Sparkin ' '' in the 1948 film Black Hills . This rendition had the backing of the band Andy Parker and the Plainsmen , and included the great steel guitarist Joaquin Murphey . Two of her last films were the 1957 movie The Land Unknown and the 1958 science fiction film It ! The Terror from Beyond Space . Patterson had a long fight with cancer in her later years , and died in 1995 in Fort Lauderdale , Florida . Her ashes were scattered in the Atlantic Ocean . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Richard Dreyfuss has won a BAFTA Award for Best Actor. | Richard Stephen Dreyfuss -LRB- -LSB- ˈdraɪfəs -RSB- originally Dreyfus ; born October 29 , 1947 -RRB- is an American actor best known for starring in American Graffiti , Jaws , Stand By Me , Close Encounters of the Third Kind , Down and Out in Beverly Hills , The Goodbye Girl , Always , and Mr. Holland 's Opus . Dreyfuss won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1977 for The Goodbye Girl , and was nominated in 1995 for Mr. Holland 's Opus . He has also won a Golden Globe Award , a BAFTA Award , and was nominated in 2002 for Screen Actors Guild Awards in the Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series and Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries categories . | The Britannia Awards are presented by BAFTA Los Angeles , a branch of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts -LRB- BAFTA -RRB- , as `` a bridge between the Hollywood and British production and entertainment business communities . '' Established in 1989 , it honours `` individuals and companies who have dedicated their careers or corporate missions to advancing the art-forms of the moving image . '' From 1989-1998 , only an honorary award was handed out to an individual during the presentation . By 1999 , the accolade was expanded to include additional awards which include : Stanley Kubrick Britannia Award for Excellence in Film , John Schlesinger Britannia Award for Excellence in Directing , John Schlesinger Britannia Award for Artistic Excellence in Directing , Britannia Award for British Artist of the Year and Charlie Chaplin Britannia Award for Excellence in Comedy . It is presented at a gala dinner during the month of November and has been televised in the United States from 2010 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.IO Theater is a theater. | iO , or iO Chicago , -LRB- formerly known as `` ImprovOlympic '' -RRB- is an improv theater and training center in central Chicago , with a branch in Los Angeles called iO West . The theater both teaches and hosts performances of improvisational comedy . It was founded in 1981 by the late Del Close and Charna Halpern . The theater has many notable alumni , including Amy Poehler and Stephen Colbert . | Arena Stage is a not-for-profit regional theater based in Southwest , Washington , D.C. . It was a pioneer in 1950 of the Regional Theater Movement . It is located at a theatre complex called the Mead Center for American Theater since its opening in 2010 after extensive renovation ; this included construction of a third small theater in a complex with two stages : one a theatre in the round and the other a proscenium style . The Artistic Director is Molly Smith and the Executive Director is Edgar Dobie . It is the largest company in the country dedicated to American plays and playwrights . It commissions and develops new plays through the American Voices New Play Institute . Established in 1950 , the company now serves an annual audience of more than 300,000 . </blockquote> Its productions have received numerous local and national awards , including the Tony Award for best regional theater . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Greece was united by the king Philip of Macedon. | Greece -LRB- Ελλάδα , -LSB- eˈlaða -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Hellenic Republic -LRB- Greek : Ελληνική Δημοκρατία , -LSB- eliniˈci ðimokraˈti.a -RSB- -RRB- , historically also known as Hellas -LRB- Ἑλλάς , -LSB- heˈlas -RSB- , modern pronunciation Ellás -RRB- , is a country in southeastern Europe , with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2015 . Athens is the nation 's capital and largest city , followed by Thessaloniki . Greece is strategically located at the crossroads of Europe , Asia , and Africa . Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula , it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest , the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north , and Turkey to the northeast . Greece consists of nine geographic regions : Macedonia , Central Greece , the Peloponnese , Thessaly , Epirus , the Aegean Islands -LRB- including the Dodecanese and Cyclades -RRB- , Thrace , Crete , and the Ionian Islands . The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland , the Ionian Sea to the west , the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13676 km in length , featuring a vast number of islands , of which 227 are inhabited . Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous , with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at 2918 m. Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilization , being the birthplace of democracy , Western philosophy , the Olympic Games , Western literature , historiography , political science , major scientific and mathematical principles , and Western drama . From the eighth century BC , the Greeks were organised into various independent city-states , known as polis , which spanned the entire Mediterranean region and the Black Sea . Philip of Macedon united most of the Greek mainland in the fourth century BC , with his son Alexander the Great rapidly conquering much of the ancient world , spreading Greek culture and science from the eastern Mediterranean to the Indus River . Greece was annexed by Rome in the second century BC , becoming an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor , the Byzantine Empire , wherein the Greek language and culture were dominant . The Greek Orthodox Church also shaped modern Greek identity and transmitted Greek traditions to the wider Orthodox World . Falling under Ottoman dominion in the mid-15th century , the modern nation state of Greece emerged in 1830 following a war of independence . Greece 's rich historical legacy is reflected by its 18 UNESCO World Heritage Sites , among the most in Europe and the world . Greece is a democratic and developed country with an advanced high-income economy , a high quality of life , and a very high standard of living . A founding member of the United Nations , Greece was the tenth member to join the European Communities -LRB- precursor to the European Union -RRB- and has been part of the Eurozone since 2001 . It is also a member of numerous other international institutions , including the Council of Europe , the North Atlantic Treaty Organization -LRB- NATO -RRB- , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development -LRB- OECD -RRB- , the World Trade Organization -LRB- WTO -RRB- , the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe -LRB- OSCE -RRB- , and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie -LRB- OIF -RRB- . Greece 's unique cultural heritage , large tourism industry , prominent shipping sector and geostrategic importance classify it as a middle power . It is the largest economy in the Balkans , where it is an important regional investor . | Philippus the son of Philip V , half-brother of Perseus Antigonid King of Macedon . He was adopted by his brother as his son . Even after the birth of the king 's son , Alexander , Perseus treated him as his heir to the throne . Together they surrendered to the Romans ending the Third Macedonian War . He was led in triumph before the car of Lucius Aemilius Paullus and afterwards consigned to captivity at Alba Fucens , where he survived his adopted father but a short time . He was only eighteen years old at the time of his death . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.My Own Private Idaho premiered at an annual film festival. | My Own Private Idaho is a 1991 American independent adventure drama film written and directed by Gus Van Sant , loosely based on Shakespeare 's Henry IV , Part 1 , Henry IV , Part 2 , and Henry V , and starring River Phoenix and Keanu Reeves . The story follows two friends , Mike and Scott , as they embark on a journey of personal discovery that takes them to Mike 's hometown in Idaho and then to Italy in search of Mike 's mother . Van Sant originally wrote the screenplay in the 1970s , but discarded it after reading John Rechy 's 1963 novel City of Night and concluding that Rechy 's treatment of the subject of street hustlers was better than his own . Over the years , Van Sant rewrote the script , which comprised two stories : that of Mike and the search for his mother , and Scott 's story as a modern update of the Henry IV plays . Van Sant had difficulty getting Hollywood financing , and at one point considered making the film on a minuscule budget with a cast of actual street kids . After Van Sant sent copies of his script to Reeves and then Reeves showed it to Phoenix , both agreed to star in the film on each other 's behalf . My Own Private Idaho had its premiere at the 48th Venice International Film Festival , and received largely positive reviews from critics including Roger Ebert and those of The New York Times and Entertainment Weekly . The film was a moderate financial success , grossing over $ 6.4 million in North America , which was above its estimated budget of $ 2.5 million . Phoenix received several awards for his performance in the film , including the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the 1991 Venice Film Festival , Best Male Lead from the Independent Spirit Awards , and Best Actor from the National Society of Film Critics . | is a 1986 Japanese drama film directed by Masahiro Shinoda . It was entered into the 36th Berlin International Film Festival , where it won the Silver Bear for an outstanding artistic contribution . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Point Place is rarely where a television sitcom takes place. | Point Place is the fictional town in Wisconsin in which the television sitcom That '70s Show takes place . It is depicted as a typical suburban community , largely white and middle class . According to the episode `` Hey Hey What Can I Do , '' Point Place 's economy seems to be largely built around slaughtering -LRB- in fact , a later episode `` Leaving Home Ai n't Easy '' reveals a roadway named `` Slaughterhouse Way '' because it leads to a slaughterhouse -RRB- . | Point Defiance may refer to : Point Defiance Park in Tacoma , Washington , USA Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium within the park USS Point Defiance -LRB- LSD-31 -RRB- , a dock landing ship Point Defiance Elementary School , a school located within Tacoma , Washington |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Splatoon 2 is a prequel. | Splatoon 2 is an upcoming third-person shooter video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch . It is the sequel to the 2015 Wii U title , Splatoon , and is a team-based third-person shooter which is playable by up to eight players in online four-versus-four matches . The game was announced in January 2017 , and will be released worldwide in July 2017 . | is a Japanese anime by DongWoo A&E . It is the second animation adaption of Pripara the arcade game , as well as the sequel series to Pripara TV series . It began airing from on April 4 , 2017 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.There are four league championship titles that Newcastle United F.C. won. | Newcastle United Football Club is an English professional association football club based in Newcastle upon Tyne , that will play in the Premier League , the top tier of English football , after winning the Championship title in 2017 . Newcastle United was founded in 1892 by the merger of Newcastle East End and Newcastle West End , and has played at its current home ground , St James ' Park , ever since . The ground was developed into an all-seater stadium in the mid-1990s and now has a capacity of 52,354 . The club has been a member of the Premier League for all but three years of the competition 's history , spending 85 seasons in the top tier as of May 2016 , and has never dropped below English football 's second tier since joining the Football League in 1893 . They have won four League Championship titles , six FA Cups and a Charity Shield , as well as the 1969 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and the 2006 UEFA Intertoto Cup . Newcastle United has the ninth highest total of trophies won by an English club . The club 's most successful period was between 1904 and 1910 , when they won an FA Cup and three of their First Division titles . The club were highly successful in the Premier League in the 1990s and early 2000s without winning any trophies , but have been mostly struggling since the 2006 -- 07 season , and were relegated in 2009 and 2016 . Newcastle has a fierce local rivalry with Sunderland , and the two clubs have engaged in the Tyne -- Wear derby since 1898 . The club 's traditional kit colours are black and white striped shirts , black shorts and black socks . Their traditional crest takes elements of the city coat of arms , which features two grey seahorses . The club has been owned by Mike Ashley since 2007 , succeeding long term chairman and owner Sir John Hall . The club is the seventeenth highest revenue producing club in the world in terms of annual revenue , generating $ 169.3 m in 2015 . Historically , Newcastle 's highest placing was in 1999 when they were the fifth highest revenue producing football club in the world , and second in England only behind Manchester United . | The 1985 -- 86 European Cup Winners ' Cup was won by Dynamo Kyiv in the final against Atlético Madrid . It was their second title in the competition , with Dynamo Kyiv having already won the trophy in 1975 . Reigning champions Everton , who initially qualified for the European Cup instead as the 1984 -- 85 Football League champions , and 1985 FA Cup winners Manchester United missed out on European football due to the newly enacted five-year ban on English clubs participating in Europe , following the Heysel Stadium disaster in May 1985 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Ontario contains The St. Lawrence River. | Ontario -LRB- -LSB- ɒnˈtɛərioʊ -RSB- -LSB- ɔ̃taʁjo -RSB- -RRB- , one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada , is located in east-central Canada . It is Canada 's most populous province by a large margin , accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians , and is the second-largest province in total area . Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included . It is home to the nation 's capital city , Ottawa , and the nation 's most populous city , Toronto . Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west , Hudson Bay and James Bay to the north , and Quebec to the east and northeast , and to the south by the U.S. states of -LRB- from west to east -RRB- Minnesota , Michigan , Ohio , Pennsylvania and New York . Almost all of Ontario 's 2700 km border with the United States follows inland waterways : from the west at Lake of the Woods , eastward along the major rivers and lakes of the Great Lakes/Saint Lawrence River drainage system . These are the Rainy River , the Pigeon River , Lake Superior , the St. Marys River , Lake Huron , the St. Clair River , Lake St. Clair , the Detroit River , Lake Erie , the Niagara River , Lake Ontario and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston , Ontario , to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall , Ontario . There is only about 1 km of land border made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border . Ontario is sometimes conceptually divided into two regions , Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario . The great majority of Ontario 's population and arable land is located in the south . In contrast , the larger , northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested . | Riverview -LRB- also known as Riverview Park -RRB- is a neighbourhood in Ottawa , Ontario , Canada . It is southeast of the downtown adjacent to the Rideau River , its location on which is its namesake . The 2016 Census population of Riverview is 12,218 . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Novak Djokovic is currently ranked. | Novak Djokovic -LRB- Новак Ђоковић , Novak Đoković , -LSB- nôʋaːk d͡ʑôːkoʋit͡ɕ -RSB- ; born 22 May 1987 -RRB- , often referred to by the hypocorism Nole , is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No. 2 in men 's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals -LRB- ATP -RRB- . He is considered one of the greatest tennis players of all time . Djokovic holds the highest match winning rate -LRB- 82.8 % -RRB- in the Open Era , as of May 2017 . Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles , the fourth most in history , and held the No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks . In majors , Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles , three Wimbledon titles , two US Open titles and one French Open title . In 2016 , he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam ; by winning the 2016 French Open , Djokovic became the third man to hold all four major titles at once , the first since Rod Laver in 1969 , and the first ever to do so on three different surfaces . Djokovic has won an all-time record of 30 Masters 1000 series titles , tied with Rafael Nadal . Djokovic 's records include breaking the single-season record with six masters titles in 2015 , winning 31 consecutive ATP World Tour Masters 1000 series matches , playing in the finals at all nine ATP Masters 1000 tournaments -LRB- shared with Roger Federer and Nadal , and being the only player to win eight of the nine events -LRB- and at least twice -RRB- . Among other titles , he has won the ATP World Tour Finals five times and was on the Serbian team which won the 2010 Davis Cup . He also won the Bronze medal in men 's singles at the 2008 Summer Olympics . Djokovic is the first Serbian player to be ranked No. 1 by the ATP and the first male player representing Serbia to win a Grand Slam singles title . Djokovic has won numerous awards , including the 2012 , 2015 , and 2016 Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year , 2011 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year , five-time ITF World Champion , and four-time ATP year-end number 1 . He is a recipient of the Order of St. Sava , the Order of Karađorđe 's Star and the Order of the Republika Srpska . | Tomáš Zíb -LRB- born 31 January 1976 -RRB- , is a retired male tennis player from the Czech Republic . He reached a career-high singles ranking of World No. 51 in July 2005 . Presently he is active conducting tennis lessons in Singapore . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Beastie Boys did not appear on a compilation album. | The Beastie Boys were an American hip hop group from New York City , formed in 1981 . For the majority of their career , the group consisted of Michael `` Mike D '' Diamond -LRB- vocals , drums -RRB- , Adam `` MCA '' Yauch -LRB- vocals , bass -RRB- and Adam `` Ad-Rock '' Horovitz -LRB- vocals , guitar -RRB- . Originally formed as a four-piece hardcore punk band , the Young Aborigines , in 1978 by Diamond -LRB- vocals -RRB- , John Berry -LRB- guitar -RRB- , Yauch -LRB- bass -RRB- and Kate Schellenbach -LRB- drums -RRB- , the band appeared on the compilation cassette New York Thrash , before recording their first EP , Polly Wog Stew , in 1982 . Berry left shortly thereafter , and was replaced by Horovitz . After achieving moderate local success with the 1983 experimental hip hop 12-inch `` Cooky Puss '' , Schellenbach dropped out and the Beastie Boys made a full transition to hip hop , releasing a string of successful singles . They toured with Madonna in 1985 and a year later released their debut album Licensed to Ill. . The group sold 26 million albums in the United States and 50 million albums worldwide , making them , according to Billboard , the biggest-selling rap group since the magazine began recording sales data in 1991 . With seven platinum or better albums from 1986 to 2004 , the Beastie Boys were one of the longest-lived hip hop acts worldwide . In 2009 , they released digitally remastered deluxe editions of their albums Paul 's Boutique , Check Your Head , Ill Communication and Hello Nasty . Their eighth studio album , Hot Sauce Committee Part Two , was released in 2011 , and received positive reviews . They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2012 , `` just the third rap group to enter the Hall , after Run -- D.M.C. -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . '' The following month , MCA died of cancer of the parotid salivary gland . In June 2014 , Mike D confirmed that he and Ad-Rock would not continue the Beastie Boys , out of respect to MCA . | The Hits is a compilation album by Swedish Eurodance artist Jonny Jakobsen . It was published by Warner Bros. . Records in 2007 . Although released under the pseudonym of Dr. Bombay , the album also features a number of tracks released by Jakobsen as Dr. Macdoo as well and , despite being a compilation , features two song that have not appeared on any of his previous studio albums . |
Given a claim, retrieve documents that support or refute the claim.Eat Pray Love is only a 2012 horror film. | Eat Pray Love is a 2010 American biographical romantic comedy-drama film starring Julia Roberts as Elizabeth Gilbert , based on Gilbert 's best-selling memoir Eat , Pray , Love . Ryan Murphy co-wrote and directed the film , which opened in the United States on August 13 , 2010 . | is a 2012 Japanese computer animated comedy film directed by Hitoshi Takekiyo . It released on 25 August 2012 in Japan and was originally based upon a short film that Takekiyo had made for a musical channel . The producers of After School Midnighters submitted the film for an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature , but it was not selected for the final round . The film did go on to gain some attention at the 2013 Fantasia International Film Festival earned a special mention for the Audience Award for Best Animation Feature , but did not win . |
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