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stringlengths 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|
The movers lift the boxes at the same speed. Which box is lifted with a larger force?
|
[
"a box holding 40 pounds",
"a box holding 30 pounds"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
In most parts of the world, many students help their school make less pollution. They join in "environment clubs". In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are things students often do: Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty tons of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a small water! In environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets. No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car-not the students and not the teachers. Cars give pollution to our air, so remember: walk, jump, bike or run. Use your legs! It's lots of fun! No-garbage lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school. We love our environment! Let's work together to make it clean! From the passage we know that students usually have lunch _ .
|
[
"at school",
"in clubs",
"at home",
"in shops"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Salt plays an important role in our daily diet. Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict -how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States. The result: Thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes. Four percent fewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings. Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year. The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams,or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University. Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodiu , which is how foods may list their salt content. The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative.The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference. Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children. Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves. McDonald's menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food. Parents given the counts chose an average of one hundred two fewer calories when asked what they would order for their children. Yet there was no difference in calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves. Study leader Pooja Tandon says even small calorie reductions on a regular basis can prevent weight gain over time.The study was published in the journal Pediatrics. The National Salt Reduction Initiative aims to _ .
|
[
"inform people of the harm that salt does to health",
"attract the public attention to the problem",
"require fast food places to list salt information",
"put pressure on food companies and restaurants"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There are many colours in nature. But do you know that a colour has weight? I think you'll say "no". But I am afraid you are wrong. If you don't believe, you may do a small experiment . First, put two objects with the same weight into two boxes. Then cover the boxes. Wrap one box with a red piece of paper, the other with a white piece of paper. Now hold the boxes with your hand one by one. It is certain that you will think the red one is a little heavier. Why does it happen? A scientist found that different colours have different weight in a man's mind. So he did many tests and at last he got the result. That is to say, every colour has its own weight in our mind. The heaviest colour is red, then blue, green, orange, yellow and white. The scientists told us that colours also have smell. Can you smell the colour? Of course not. Then why did the scientists say so? That is because every colour represents a kind of light wave ------ a certain wavelength . It reaches our brain through organs According to this discovery, scientists say that people accept the colour they like, and _ the colour they hate. So your body and mind will be healthy by using the colours you like. Or you'll be nervous or even get ill. If you stay in a room with red windows, wallpapers and furniture for two hours, you'll feel you have been there for four hours. But if the room is blue, you'll feel you have been there for only one hour. Another example, if a person walks out of a red room and into a blue room, his temperature will fall. That means our body temperature will change when we see different colours. Which of the following is NOT true?
|
[
"Different colours have different weights in a man's mind.",
"The colour \"blue\" is the second heaviest colour in a man's mind.",
"People can't smell the colours.",
"The colour you don't like will keep you healthy."
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the 1600s, Galileo Galilei studied the moons of Jupiter. What did Galileo do to make better observations?
|
[
"invented the microscope",
"wrote a book about the planets",
"created a model of the solar system",
"made improvements to the telescope"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is this pea plant's genotype for the pod color gene?
|
[
"Dd",
"green pods"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Food, Drink & Refreshment Relax and unwind in our new state of the Loch Ness Eatery. Whether you are looking for a snack or a full meal we can provide almost anything to suit everyone. We will be ready for helping you at all times. Fresh Tea. Coffee, Hot Chocolate etc. Good choice of Home Baking and Cake Home Made Soup and Sandwiches. Sweets and Soft Drinks Packed to aches for those who prefer a picnic. Seating for over 150 visitors. Tel: +44(0)1456 450321 Web: www.lochness.com At the loch Ness Eatery, visitors can _
|
[
"book comfortable room",
"have a picnic",
"cook for themselves",
"get a good relaxation"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
if two things seemingly come closer together without a person interfering, which of these is likely?
|
[
"the objects are possessed",
"the objects could have magnetic properties",
"the sun is rising",
"all of these"
] | 1B
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A Guide to the University Food The TWU Cafeteria is open 7am to 8pm.It serves snacks , drinks, ice cream bars and meals.You can pay with cash or your ID cards.You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk.Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study. If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Cafe located in the bottom level of the Gouglas Centre.This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching. Relaxation The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating.Monthly activities are held here for all international students.Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays. Health Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health.A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice.The cost of this is included in your medical insurance.Hours are Monday to Friday, 9am to noon and 1;00 to 4;30pm. Academic Support All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.Here, qualified volunteers will work with you on written work, grammar, vocabulary, and other academic skills.You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door two 30 -minute appointments per week maximum.This service is free. Transportation The TWU Express is a shuttle service.The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping center, leaving from the Mattson Centre.Operation hours are between 8am and 3pm.Saturdays only.Round trip fare is $1. How can you seek help from the Writing Center?
|
[
"By filling in a sign-up form",
"By applying online",
"By calling the center",
"By going to the center directly"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old scientist, became the first female Chinese to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct,5. She shared the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine because of the new medicine for malaria . Tu started the research in the 1970s that made her find artemisinin , a kind of medicine that has saved many people's lives. It comes from Chinese traditional medicine and now is a good way to treat malaria. When the news came that Tu was given the prize, there were cheers as well as questions. Some said that her achievement was the result of lots of Chinese scientists working together. So it is unfair to give the prize only to Tu. However, Tu was awarded for "three firsts". She was the first to bring artemisinin to her team, the first to extract artemisinin that can stop malaria, and the first to finish the experiment. Giving prizes to scientists with great ideas is the best way to keep national innovation . What kind of illness can artemisinin be used to treat?
|
[
"cold",
"flu",
"malaria",
"cancer"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his GF & thr 3:-@ kids FTF ILNY, its gr8. Can you understand this sentence? If you can't, don't feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homework. This is Net speak: the language of computerized communication found on Internet or cell phones. To newcomers, it can look like a completely foreign language. So, what is the "translation" of the sentence above? My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York; it's great. Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming the English language. Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes can be seen in students' writing. They fear the language could become corrupted . Everyone should just relax, say linguists . They believe Net speak is in fact more of a good thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Net speak and Internet create a new language use and the almost lost art of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nurnberg, from Stanford University, agrees. "People get better at writing by writing," he says, "Kids who are now doing text messages, e-mail, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents." Linguist James Milroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when today's teenagers become tomorrow's parents, they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become "corrupted"; they simply change to meet the new needs. However, Net speakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English. Cynthia McVey says, "I can understand Net speak worries teachers and it's important that they get across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their future." Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, "I wouldn't use text language in my homework. Texting is just for fun". Which of the following is true according to the passage?
|
[
"Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Net speak properly.",
"Geoffrey Nurnberg believes Net speakers can write Standard English.",
"David Crystal thinks Net speak helps develop the habit of writing.",
"James Milroy says that language is changing and improving."
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Counterfeit ( ) medicines are a widespread problem in developing countries. Like other counterfeits, they look like real products. But counterfeit drugs may contain too little or none of the active ingredients of the real thing. People do not get the medicine they need. And in some cases counterfeits cause death. Twenty children in Bangladesh died last year after being given acetaminophen . The medications contained ingredients that looked, smelled and tasted like the real thing. The medicine was produced by a local drug company that used a dangerous substitute to save money. The problem of counterfeit medicines is especially serious in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The W.H.O. estimates that up to thirty percent of medicines on sale in many of those countries are counterfeit. The problem is less widespread among industrialized countries. The W.H.O. says counterfeits make up less than one percent of the illegal drug market in countries like the United States, Canada, Japan, and New Zealand. But the agency also says as much as fifty percent of the medicine sold on the Internet is counterfeit. Much is being done to fight counterfeit drugs. Several companies are developing ways to make counterfeits easier to identify. And there are existing methods, like a machine that can quickly identify chemicals in pills to confirm if the pills are real. Other ideas include things like special tracking codes for drug packages. People could send a text message with the code and get a message back, which proves that what they bought is listed in a database. Some drug makers and other companies put three-dimensional images called holograms on their products as a security device. Last year twenty children in Bangladesh died because of _ .
|
[
"online medicines",
"unreal drugs",
"acetaminophen",
"unclean water"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Electrical flow can be slowed down if there is an insulator
|
[
"protected",
"avoided",
"active",
"demoted"
] | 2C
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Gavin has naturally black hair.
|
[
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Astronaut Zhai Zhigang became the first Chinese man to walk in space on Saturday, climbing out of prefix = st1 /China's Shenzhou VII spacecraft in a technological feat that made the Chinese people excited. "I'm feeling quite well. I greet the Chinese people and the people of the world," Zhai said as he climbed out of the craft at around 16:40 Beijingtime, a historic achievement telecast live on CCTV. Tens of millions of Chinese viewers gathered before TV screens to watch the moment. Chinese President Hu Jintao and other top leaders had appeared at the BeijingAerospaceControlCenterto watch the live transmission of Zhai's spacewalk. Zhai, 42, chosen by an expert team for the first "extra-vehicular activity". unveiled a red national flag, helped by colleague Liu Boming, who also briefly popped his head out of the capsule. Zhai slowly made his way towards a test sample of solid lubricant outside the capsule, took a sample and handed it to Liu. Zhai safely returned inside the craft after about 20 minutes. The walk marked the high point of China's third manned space journey, which has received widespread media coverage. Zhai wore a$4.4 million Chinese-made suit weighing 120kg. Liu wore a Russian-made one and acted as a back-up. The third crew member, Jing Haipeng, monitored the ship from inside the re-entry module. The risky manoeuvre is a step towards China's longer-term goal of assembling a space lab and then a larger space station, analysts said. "On this flight, Chinese people's footprints will be left in space for the first time," said a commentary by the Xinhua News Agency. The astronauts embarked on their walk after receiving a clean bill of health from doctors on the ground at mission control in Beijing, Xinhua said. Zhai's suit has 10 layers and takes up to 15 hours to assemble and put on. China's first manned spaceflight was in 2003. A second, two-manned flight followed in 2005. The only other countries that have sent people into space are Russiaand theUnited States. What did Zhai do outside the capsule in space?
|
[
"He walked in space to enjoy the beautiful space scenery.",
"He fetched a sample of solid lubricant and passed it to his colleague.",
"He waved a red Chinese national flag madly for twenty minutes.",
"He made an experiment with his colleague Liu Boming."
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Today's dad spends more hours on childcare than a dad a generation ago.But he still lags behind the modem-day mom,even when her wages are equal,a new study reports.Researchers found that the number of hours a mother spent at work had no effect on the amount of time a father devoted to childcare during the week.Similarly, a mother's income had very little influence on fathers' involvement in childcare.On weekends,however,fathers spent more time with their children.Despite women's increasing role in the labor market, most mothers remain the main caregivers of young children on weekdays. Researchers found that fathers spent all average of 2.5 hours on a weekday and about 6 hours on a weekend day with their children.T _ included time spent playing together or doing schoolwork,personal care such as bathing and feeding.On weekdays, children spent one-third less time with their fathers than with their mothers,but on weekends the time gap closed and kids spent only 13% more time with their mothers than with their fathers.Children of women who made more money spent more time with their fathers on weekends, however."The good news is that as women become equal contributing partners, the involvement of fathers does increase."one researcher said."The bad news is...that men still do less on traditional women's jobs--(taking care of)babies,dishes,etc." In other findings,fathers with some college education spent 17 more minutes per weekday with their children than dads without any college education.Fathers who made more money spent less time with children on weekdays,but the amount of time was fairly small."Our findings suggest that although mothers still shoulder most parenting,fathers' involvement to that of mothers appears to be on the increase,"the researchers conclude."A new father' role is emerging on weekends in families." Which of the words below best describes the researchers' attitude towards a"new father"role?
|
[
"Surprised.",
"Pleased.",
"Disappointed.",
"Dissatisfied."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A recent study concluded that about 90% of all large predatory fish such as tuna have disappeared from the world's oceans in the past 50 years. Which of these is most likely the direct cause of this loss?
|
[
"Urban development near the coast",
"Commercial harvesting from the ocean",
"Climate change on Earth",
"Acid precipitation over the oceans"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some people can stay up all night and still get work done the next day. I'm not one of them. After a night without enough sleep, I feel bad-tempered. I have trouble remembering things. And all I want to do is go to bed. How do you feel after you've stayed up late to finish schoolwork or the day after an overnight party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes. New research suggests that a gene called "period 3" influences how well you function without sleep. The "period 3" gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you. Scientists from the University of Surrey in England studied 24 people who had either two short or two long copies of "period 3". Study participants had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then, they took tests that measured how quickly they pushed a button when numbers flashed on a screen and how well they could remember lists of numbers. Results showed that the people with the short form of "period 3" performed much better on these tests than the people with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests (those with the short form of "period 3") took about 18 minutes to nod off. While people with the long "period 3" gene fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time on deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working in top form. I think I must have the long form of "period 3". What about you? What kind of people need less sleep according to the research?
|
[
"Those with two long copies of the gene.",
"Those with two short copies of the gene.",
"Those with one short and one long copy of the gene.",
"Those with three short copies of the gene."
] | 1B
|
medical_genetics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
"Ok," I said to my daughter as she bent over her afternoon bowl of rice. "What's going on with you and your friend J.?" J. is the leader of a group of third-graders at her camp--a position Lucy herself occupied the previous summer. Now _ , and every day at snack time, she tells me all about it, while I offer up the unhelpful advice all summer long. "She's fond of giving orders," Lucy complained. "She's fat," Lucy mumbled to the bowl "We are going upstairs," I said, my voice cold, "We are going to discuss this." And up we went. I'd spent the nine years since her birth getting ready for this day, the day we'd have to have the conversation about this horrible word. I knew exactly what to say to the girl on the receiving end of the teasing ,but in all of my imaginings, it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F wordFat. My daughter sat on her bed, and I sat beside her. "How would you feel if someone made fun of you for something that wasn't your fault?" I began. "She could stop eating so much," Lucy mumbled, mouthing the simple advice a thousand doctors and well-meaning friends and relatives have given overweight women for years. "It's not always that easy," I said. "Everyone's different in terms of how they treat food" Lucy looked at me, waiting for me to go on. I opened my mouth, then closed it. Should I tell her that, in teasing a woman's weight, she's joined the long, proud tradition of critics who go after any woman with whom they disagree by starting with "you're ugly" and ending with "no man would want you and there must be something wrong with any man who does"?Should I tell her I didn't cry when someone posted my picture and commented, "I'm sorry, but aren't authors who write books marketed to young women supposed to be pretty?" Does she need to know, now, that life isn't fair? I feel her eyes on me,waiting for an answer I don't have. Words are my tools.Stories are my job.It's possible she'll remember what I say forever, and I have no idea what to say. So I tell her the only thing I can come up with that is absolutely true.I say to my daughter, "I love you, and there is nothing you could ever do to make me not love you. But I'm disappointed in you right now. There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone. What she looks like isn't one of them." Lucy nods, tears on her cheeks."I won't say that again,"she tells me,and I pull her close, pressing my nose against her hair. We are both quiet, and I don't know if I have said the right thing. So as we sit there together, shoulder to shoulder, I pray for her to be smart.I pray for her to be strong. I pray for her to find friends,work she loves, a partner who loves her, and for the world not to deprive her of the things that make her who she is,for her life to be easy, and for her to have the strength to handle it when it's not. And still, always,I pray that she will never struggle as I've struggled, that weight will never be her cross to bear. She may not be able to use the word in our home, but I can use it in my head. I pray that she will never get fat. It can be inferred from the passage that _ .
|
[
"the author is a fat but good-looking woman",
"the author earns a living by writing stories",
"the author will stop loving her daughter for what she said",
"the author's daughter agreed with her from.the very beginning"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Bridgette investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"Does the basketball bounce higher on a lawn or on a dirt path?",
"Does the basketball bounce higher on gravel or on grass?",
"Do larger basketballs bounce higher than smaller basketballs on a brick patio?"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
He was just 12 years old when he died. But he brought courage and hope to people around the world. Nkosi Johnson, who died last June, is remembered today as an AIDS fighter. This young boy challenged his government's AIDS policies and millions of South Africans in the fight against the disease. Johnson was the longest survivor born HIV positive .He survived with this deadly disease for 12 years before it _ . At first, Johnson was expected to live for nine months when his foster mother , Gail Johnson took him in at the age of two. She now runs Nkosi's Haven across town from her house in Melville. The Haven is home to 20 children living with HIV or AIDS, and 11 of their mothers. Johnson attracted the world's attention and stole the hearts of thousands of people across the world at the 13thInternational AIDS Conference inprefix = st1 /Durbanin July 2000. He stood in front of a large audience including South African President Thabo Mbeki. He told them that he wanted AZT, a drug used to treat AIDS patients, to be given to HIV-positive pregnant women to prevent the disease being passed on to their unborn babies. He received a loud cheer at the end of his speech. Johnson's speech was broadcast live across the world. With views beyond his age and even a sense of humor, Johnson soon became an international sign of the fight against AIDS and HIV. The AIDS child gave the speech in order to _ .
|
[
"steal the hearts of thousands of people",
"be an AIDS fighter",
"get more help from the world",
"fight against the government"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How to make friends with people from a different culture? The rules are as follows: RULE 1: Appreciate the Person. Most Americans like to be recognized as individuals as someone special with unique characteristics and personalities. Therefore, never say, " You're from America so I want to be your friend." Also don't imply that the reason why you approached them is because you wanted someone to practice your English with. That turns people off. Instead try saying," You seem like a real nice and interesting person and I would like to get to know you better." This way, they are much more inclined to be friendly because you see them as a three dimensional person and appreciate them for who they are in the inside. And by doing so, you not only learn about America and practice your English, but also gain a real friend in the process. RULE 2:Quit Calling Us Foreigners. Please refrain from calling a foreigner a foreigner especially in his face. The word makes people feel like an outsider, and even unwelcome, suggesting separation and insurmountable differences, widening an already existing gap in the situation. When Americans travel, they rarely say, "I'm foreign to your place." They tend to say, "I'm new in town. I'm new here." The reason is because new and unfamiliar things can become old and familiar. But can foreign things become native? Aha? You catch my drift. RULE 3: Just Do It. Some students like to be told about American culture but are less interested in spending the time and the effort to actually experience it. As Americans always say, "Get your hands dirty." Until you have first hand and hands on experience, you'll never really know anything. Right? So whenever you have the opportunity to participate in American culture, don't just sit there and watch. Get up and get involved! RULE 4: Find that Common Language. Now I must stress the importance of finding a common language. By that I don't mean English, Chinese, German, French, etc. I mean finding something you have in common with another person on a spiritual and philosophical level: likes, dislikes, worldviews, ways of thinking, and attitudes toward life. And to start, you must first enhance your knowledge of the particular culture from which your potential new friend comes from. According to the passage, which of the following is friendly?
|
[
"I am longing to make friends with an American.",
"This is my friend Tom, who is a foreigner.",
"There must be a gap between us in many aspects.",
"You've got a great personality."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
California sea lions are the fastest of all the sea lions, reaching speeds of up to 40 kilometers an hour when swimming. Males are much larger than females, measuring 2 to 2.5 meters and weighing 200 to 453 kilograms. Females only measure 1.5 to 2 meters and weigh 50 to 113 kilograms. They can also move fairly well while on land. California sea lions can be found living along the Pacific coast of North America. They prefer to live in waters near rocky and sandy shores. On land, they often gather in large groups as many as 1,000 of them. While at sea, they travel in much smaller groups of around 10 or more. They communicate with one another through a series of sounds. Their diet consists of a wide variety of fish and other sea animals. They are able to hold their breath for up to 10 minutes by slowing down their heart rate, allowing them to hunt for their prey for a longer period of time. They have been known to continuously hunt for up to 30 hours at a time, with their eyesight and hearing playing an important part in finding their food. Being so large, they do not have that many natural predators that they need to be on the lookout for. Eleven months after getting pregnant, the female will give birth to one baby on land. If the baby can survive long enough, they can live to be 20 to 25 years old. California sea lions are not listed as an endangered species. This is largely because of laws such as the US Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. Hopefully such acts will continue to show results. California sea lions slow down their heart rate in order to _ .
|
[
"swim faster at sea",
"have a rest while hunting",
"hunt for over 30 hours at a time",
"stay in water for a longer time"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three ships. Which ship was moving at the lowest speed?
|
[
"a ship that moved 230miles east in 10hours",
"a ship that moved 220miles south in 10hours",
"a ship that moved 240miles west in 10hours"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A strong wind can be a dangerous thing-sometimes it is powerful enough to knock you off your feet.But to plants,the wind is a source of new life,carrying them or their spores thousands of miles. A NASA satellite called QuikSCAT has discovered highways of wind over the Earth's oceans.Scientists believe these invisible roads may explain why many nonflowering plants,such as mosses and lichens ,grow where they do. The satellite is able to send microwaves from space to the surface of the ocean.The pattern of signals that come back shows which way the winds are blowing. Using this _ , the scientists studied a group of islands in the southern hemisphere ,near Antarctica.Winds tend to blow anticlockwise in this region,but there are lots of local differences. When the researchers compared these local patterns to botanical data,they found that the wind had an important effect on where species of mosses,lichens,and other nonflowering plants grow. For example,Bouvet Island and Heard Island,share 30 percent of their moss species,29 percent of liverworts ,and 32 percent of lichens-even though they are 4,430 kilometers apart.In contrast,Gough Island and Bouvet Island,separated by just 1,860 kilometers of sea,share only 16 percent of mosses and 17 percent of liverworts.They have no lichens in common. Ferns and flowering plants don't travel as well in the wind,so they don't show the same kinds of distribution patterns. This story is about_.
|
[
"the discovery of wind highways",
"how wind travels",
"how wind affects different plants",
"one of the wind"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by conduction?
|
[
"a whole metal spoon getting hot when one end is in hot soup",
"the inside of a car in the sun getting very hot",
"a tar road getting hotter in the sun than a concrete sidewalk",
"a fireplace fire heating a room on a cold day"
] | 0A
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Children of America are getting fatter every time. 13% of the children at the age of 6 to 11 are overweight(too fat). When we look at children's lives today in the USA, we can see the root(origin)of the problem--sports and foods. Young children like sports but they don't have enough around the start of high school. That's especially true for girls. Meanwhile, to make matters worse, schools are becoming much more interested in sports teams. So children are not able to get enough exercise just when they need it the most. There is also the food problem. Children get most of their calories at restaurants or parties or somewhere else away from home. They often drink too many Cokes. Parents have a lot of fears about telling a child he needs to lose weight-- they are afraid it will push a child into an eating disorder. Some parents fear that pushing children to lose weight means their children will think they're not good enough, or not loved because of their weight. Parents need to come to terms with the fact that the family is very important to the children. The most useful program for children is called "family weight control". This is good news. Mom and Dad, even if they don't have weight problems, have to go through the same program as their children and learn how to get some exercise and how to eat healthily. The writer wants to tell parents that _ .
|
[
"overweight children are not loved by people",
"children are afraid to lose weight when they have to",
"family members can help overweight children a lot",
"girls don't like to exercise"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What do these two changes have in common?
butter melting on a hot day
grilling a hamburger
|
[
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Steve Sparks was a young successful lawyer when a bruise on one of the legs of his 3-year-old daughter changed his life. The bruise led to a doctor's visit. The doctor said his daughter was suffering from leukemia . Steve said that in a moment his life changed from what restaurant he was going to take his clients to lunch to whether his daughter Katie was ever going to see her fourth birthday. For three years Katie received a lot of treatment at the Nemours Hospital for Children in Wilmington, Delaware and with the help of wonderful doctors, kind nurses, whom Steve and his wife Michelle called heroes, Katie's leukemia was cured . Forever changed by the experience and encouraged by the heroes at Nemours who saved his daughter's life, Steve felt he couldn't go back to business as usual. He felt there was something else he was meant to do and that something else led him to join the Nemours Foundation at the age of 28. The job change came with a 65% pay cut from what he was making as a lawyer, but Steve thought he was right and it was more important to help those who need help. Steve is glad to have made such a choice. Katie is now a healthy 20-year-old college student and Steve is one of the leaders of the Nemours Foundation. In three weeks Steve will have a party for Katie's 21st birthday, and give big thanks to the Nemours by riding his bicycle from Nemours in Jack-sonville, Florida to Wilmington, Delaware. He'll ride 900 miles in 9 days and raise $100,000 for the Nemours Foundation with the hope of saving more children's lives. From the text we can learn that _ .
|
[
"Steve hated being a lawyer",
"Katie's bruise caused leukemia",
"Katie suffered from leukemia at four",
"Steve had ever doubted whether Katie could survive"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Celia was shocked. She had always been in good shape during high school, but now, in her first year of college, she was suddenly ten pounds heavier. "My friends and I often had pizza or ice cream when we studied late at night," she said, "and I was always drinking Coke to stay awake." Celia's experience is common. Many students enter college and find it so different that they cannot deal with changes properly. They're away from their parents and in a new stressful environment. Pressures together with freedom to sleep and eat however they please cause many students to experience the "Freshman 15": gaining weight suddenly in their freshman year of college. Most students do not realize that the "Freshman 15" can cause some serious health problems. Of course, college-age adults are still developing bone mass, so gaining some weight is normal. Sudden weight gain, however, puts too much strain on the heart and lungs, resulting in little energy and some difficulty thinking and remembering. In later life, it can lead to heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and possibly cancer. The solution to the "Freshman 15" is simple--pay attention to developing good habits! In general: * Eat normal-sized meals at regular times. Eat slowly and enjoy it, so you don't need to go back for more. * Keep only healthy snacks in your room--and don't snack too often! * Control drinking and smoking. Alcohol has a lot of calories, and smoking too much makes exercise difficult. * Exercise regularly! Even just 30 minutes a day--such as walking quickly to class from your dorm--will make a big difference! What happened to Celia in her first year of college?
|
[
"She had sleep problems.",
"She put on weight suddenly.",
"She always studied late.",
"She went on diet so as to keep in good shape."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
According to Newton's third law, what other force must be happening?
|
[
"The door is pushing on Britney's hand.",
"The door is pulling on Britney's hand."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which change in the state of water particles causes the particles to become arranged in a fixed position?
|
[
"boiling",
"melting",
"freezing",
"evaporating"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A crow is about twenty inches long and black all over. Crows are dirty birds because they live on bad food. Crows eat a lot of waste food. In this way they are more useful to us than any birds. They clean up the dirty things in our streets. Crows are always hungry. They look for food all day, and in the evening you can see them in large numbers flying back to their nests in the trees. They sleep there at night. Crows are much noisier than other birds. Very often a large number of crows will get together on one house and talk. Sometimes they talk together, and sometimes they do it by turns like human beings . It is easy to tell from crow's sound if they are pleased or angry. Perhaps crows talk a lot because they are friendly birds. A pair of crows will live together all their lives, and if one of them dies, the other one becomes very sad and quiet for the rest of its life and some time later it dies too. Crows always look for food _ .
|
[
"in the evening",
"all day",
"in the morning",
"at night"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
More and more Chinese mainland buyers have in the past few weeks been queuing to cross the border into Hong Kong to _ growing financial pressure led by rising food prices at home. Their shopping baskets are full of sugar, salt and even tissue paper. While prices are rising so fast, many people are worrying out ways to cut down their expenses. Du Zhenqi, an 80-year-old Beijinger, grows different vegetables in the community yard. But this year, before they turned ripe, they were all picked by his neighbors. "The prices of vegetables have gone up dramatically," said Du. "So I understand those people and it pleased me to offer them my help." Du expressed his sympathy for these who took away his vegetables without permission. The rise of food price in China has made people with low incomes feel serious financial pressure and forced them to spend wisely. A collection of practical money-saving tips is thus becoming increasingly popular among Chinese citizens. If you search "money-saving strategies" in Baidu, you will find 4.27 million entries in 0.19 seconds. The collection provides tips such as choosing local and seasonal products, avoiding buying vegetables on rainy or snowy days when higher transport costs increase prices, using websites for purchases, and planting vegetables on the balcony. Some consider buying in large quantity to stay within a tight budget. Fei Yuqin, who lives in Shanghai, frequently hurries to a farmers' market before 6 a.m. to buy large amounts of vegetables for her family and neighbors. "Instead of buying small amounts, I buy large amounts of vegetables at the market and get a 50-percent discount." With these tips, many people have become experts in cutting household expenses. However, financial pressure caused by the current round of price rising still troubles many Chinese people. Fei Yuqin's story tells us that to save money buyers can _ .
|
[
"buy products in large quantity",
"avoid buying vegetables in bad weather",
"choose local seasonal goods",
"plant vegetables in the community yard"
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We spend so much time waiting to be loved, hoping love will find us, and searching for that special love. Unfortunately, that's not usually how life works. Loving yourself is mainly having self-respect, which is the only dependable way to create love in your own life, so you can share it with others. To be able to be loved, you must love and respect yourself as much as you do others. By doing so, you are enabling positive energy and allowing for great situation to occur in your life. Bringing joy to other people's lives will help you find joy in your own. In addition, those who you treat well will likely repay you with the same kindness. Gradually, you will start to feel your worth through the smiles of gratitude. However, don't just be very kind to people so you can receive royal treatment. Don't punish yourself for something you have done in the past. Instead, look at the mistake as a learning experience. Say to yourself now, "I forgive myself for..." Go to look in a mirror, and say it out loud to yourself. Look at yourself right in the eyes, and speak forgiveness like you mean it. If you do, laugh out loud, realizing that was then and this is now. Every day is a new beginning. We all want a nice house, nice things, and someone to share our life with. Find your true wants objectively. Are you eager for power, a religion, or simply a motive? Sometimes, it's easier to hide the truth from yourself, but figuring out what you really want will help you know yourself better. This will hopefully aid you in answering important questions you often ask yourself. Write about your experiences, good and bad. When you write down good experiences, allow yourself to feel those feelings. When you remember bad experiences, allow yourself to feel self-compassion . Compassion is not self-pity, but rather a willingness to accept one's own pain and regret. Compassion allows us to be present with our pain, so we can acknowledge it and let it go. According to the passage, most people _
|
[
"have a dependable way to create love in their lives",
"keep their self-respect hidden in their hearts",
"are longing to get love from family or friends",
"are waiting for chances to give love to others"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
" Drink your milk.It is good for you! " You've probably heard that many times, and it is true.Milk contains calcium, which is a necessary nutrient for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong.The US government even requires milk as part of the National School: Lunch Program, saying that students should drink one cup of fat - free milk at each meal. Last Thursday, however, a group of doctors asked the government to remove the lunch program.The Physical Committee for Responsible Medicine says, "Milk is high in sugar, high in fat and high in animal? protein," all of which have negative effects on health.The PCRM says there were better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating beans, broccoli, cereals and tofu.Orange juice and soymilk that have calcium added to them also supply the nutrient."One of the only reasons people talk about dairy, or promote it at all, is because it is going to help build strong hones." says Dr.Neal Barnard, president of the PCRM.But milk may not be the best way to get calcium your body needs. Of course, calcium is important for health bones and teeth, but there are other things that affect your bone strength, such as genes, how much vitamin D you take in and getting an hour' s worth of exercise every day. Some nutritionists disagree with the idea that milk isn' t important.Keri Gans, a dietitian, says, " I think it is irresponsible to take this beverage that children enjoy, especially among those who are unable to meet their nutrient needs for the day, and remove it from lunch time." The US government is studying the request of the PCRM, but a decision may be a one way to take off.Meanwhile, Marion Nestle, a professor at New York University, put it best: " Milk demonstrably has nutrients.Other foods have the same nutrients.It' s just a food.Like other foods, too much might be a problem." What does the above text mainly talk about?
|
[
"The best way to get the most calcium.",
"The connection between milk and health.",
"Different opinions about the importance of milk.",
"Whether to take milk off the school - lunch menu."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following best describes a Web server?
|
[
"A computer system that delivers Web pages to clients",
"A computer system that determines the shortest path between two computers over the Internet",
"A computer system running software that provides a user-friendly interface for creating Web pages",
"A computer system that translates domain names to IP addresses"
] | 0A
|
high_school_computer_science
|
mmlu
|
CHICAGO (Reuters) - Smoking not only can wrinkle the face and turn it yellow -- it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday. The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body -- even skin protected from the sun. "We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced," Dr. Yolanda Helfrich of the University of Michigan, who led the study, said in a statement. "In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years," Helfrich's team added in their report. The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms. They ranged in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers. Independent judges decided how wrinkled each person's skin was. When skin is exposed to sunlight, notably the face, it becomes coarse, wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint, Helfrich's team wrote. Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking contributes to premature skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light. The report did not discuss the mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels beneath the skin to constrict , reducing blood supply to the skin. Smoking can also damage the connective tissue that supports both the skin and the internal organs. It can be inferred from the study _ .
|
[
"smoking won't make skin protected from the sun",
"smoking will do damage to skin rather than other organs",
"smokers over 65 usually won't worry about their skin",
"the age of smokers is not connected with the result of the test"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The Spotlight in Rio Phelps puts spotlight on cupping Olympic gold medalist Michael Phelps fed American swimmers to 8 gold medals in the 4x100-meter relay, but what grabbed media attention and led to stories and photos around the globe were the purple and red circles on his back. Michael Phelps of the USA is seen with red cupping marks on his shoulder as he competes during the 2016 Rio Olympics men's 200m butterfly in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil , Aug 8,2016 . Chinese swimmer Fu Yuanhui goes viral China's women's swimmer Fu Yuanhui has created a hit online not just by winning the bronze medal in the 100m backstroke competition, but also by her facial expressions during the post semi-final interview with China Central Television (CCTV) on Monday . When asked whether she held back for the final, Fu replied, "No, I used my 'prehistorical power'.What she meant was that she had spared no efforts in the semi-final.Since then, the so-called "prehistorical power" has gone viral and become a new Internet meme. Britain wins first Olympic diving gold in men's synchronized 3m springboard( 3 ) Britain's Jack Laugher and Chris Mears ended China's gold medal monopoly over diving events at the Rio Olympics by winning the men's synchronized 3m springboard final On Wednesday, the country's first-ever Olympic gold medal in diving . Laugher and Mears finished with a six-round total of 454.32 points, just 4.11 points ahead of silver medallists Mike Hixon and Sam Dorman of the USA at the Maria Lenk Aquatics Center.China's Cao Yuan and Qin Kai took the bronze with 443.70 points. What attracted media attention with Phelps' winning the gold medal ?
|
[
"His great leadership.",
"His scars on his back.",
"The cupping marks on his back.",
"His achievements he made in the men's 200rn butterfly."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
As the pull of gravity decreases air molecules
|
[
"explode",
"disperse",
"crowd together",
"party"
] | 1B
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three cars. Which car was moving at the lowest speed?
|
[
"a car that moved 250miles east in 5hours",
"a car that moved 65miles south in 5hours",
"a car that moved 300miles north in 5hours"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
There are different ways to store fish. One way to keep fish for future use is canning it. We'll have this article describing, step by step, how to prepare dried fish. Begin with fish that are out of the water. If the fish are small, leave their heads on. Cut off the heads if the fish are longer than twenty centimeters or weigh more than one hundred fifteen grams. Now clean the freshly caught fish. Cut off the scales and cut open the stomach. Remove everything inside. Then wash the fish in clean water and fill salt into them. Next, put the fish in a container with a solution of three hundred grams of salt and one liter of water. This will remove the blood from the meat. Keep the fish in the saltwater for about thirty minutes. After that , wash them again in clean water. Next, put the fish in a solution that has more salt in the water. The water should be salty enough so that the fish can float to the top. If the fish sink to the bottom of the container, add more salt to the water. Cover the container with a clean piece of wood. Place a heavy stone on the wood to hold it down. Leave the fish there for about six hours. After that, remove them from the saltwater and place them on a clean surface. Cover the fish with a clean piece of white cloth and let them dry. ,. What is the solution of salt and water for?
|
[
"To make the fish clean and dry.",
"To make the meat more delicious.",
"To keep the meat fresh.",
"To remove the blood from the fish."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A group of vertebrates has lungs, a body covered with scales, internal fertilization, and amniotic eggs. Which group of vertebrates does this describe?
|
[
"amphibians",
"birds",
"mammals",
"reptiles"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
School and Einstein did not mix well. His teachers thought that he was stupid and that Einstein's thoughts and words were jumbled . His schoolwork was poor. Playing the violin was all he was good at as a child. When he was ten, he met Dr. Max Talmy. Talmy talked with the boy and tried to help him. They discussed books and Einstein showed an interest in maths. He understood difficult problems and ideas. Inside this "stupid" boy was a genius. Schoolwork never became easy for Einstein. He could not learn things by heart. Paying attention was hard for him. He even did not passed his first test to enter college. Because of his learning problems, Einstein made few friends. He was shy in groups of people. Yet he overcame his shortcomings. He became a well-known scientist in the field of physics. He was one of the most important thinkers of the modern age. Einstein was not welcome at school really because _ .
|
[
"he was thought to be a stupid boy",
"his thoughts and words were jumbled",
"he was good at maths besides other subjects",
"he couldn't finish his homework"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Read the instructions of the medicine before you take your choices. Adults : 2 tablespoonfuls Children: according to age 10----14 years 4 teaspoonfuls 5----10years 2 teaspoonfuls 3----6 years I teaspoonful Repeat above doses every 1/2 hour to 1 hour if needed until 8 dose are taken. If you do not get better within two days, see a doctor. SHAKE WELLBEFORE USING. For whom would a dose of two teaspoonfuls be given?
|
[
"A grown-up",
"A 10 - to-14 - year- old child",
"A 6 - to-10 - year- old child",
"A 3 - to- 6 - year- old child"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
On Jan. 13th, 2009, the Peanut Corporation of prefix = st1 /Americaissued a recall for products it had made over the past six months, after five people had died and more than 400 had fallen ill with salmonella poisoning as a result of contamination. Two weeks later, the recall was extended to more than 400 consumer products made since Jan. 1, 2007, including Jenny Craig nutritional bars and Keebler Peanut Butter Sandwich Crackers, while the toll from the contamination had reached eight dead and more than 500 sickened in 43 states, half of them children. The company's factory in Blakely,Ga., which was the source of the contamination, supplied some of the largest food makers in the nation. The outbreak showed the complexities of the industrial food chain, and left consumers to figure out if some food in their cabinets had a danger. The recall of peanut products is the latest in a series of increasingly severe food contamination scares involving tomatoes, spinach, cantaloupes and other foods. TheGeorgiaplant, which is closed, packed peanut butter in bulk ranging from 5 to 1,700 pounds, much of which was shipped to institutions. Many school districts have pulled peanut butter from menus, with some substituting more commonly recognized supermarket brands. New York City school officials said they had not bought any peanut butter or products with ingredients that originated at theGeorgiaplant. An F.D.A. inspection team that visited the plant on Jan. 9 discovered that on 12 occasions in 2007 and 2008 tests conducted by the company found salmonella contamination in its products but that it shipped the contaminated products to customers after a retest found no contamination and did nothing to clean the plant. We can learn from the passage that _ .
|
[
"13 persons have died because of the poisoning",
"people may now worry about the food at their homes.",
"people can return the food to the supermarkets",
"half of the school children have fallen ill"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life. First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal injury and paralysis . Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim. First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known by the acronym ABC, which stands for: A---Airway: is it open and clear? B---Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing. C---Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding extremely? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems. First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT _ .
|
[
"saving a victim's life",
"preventing a victim's condition from getting worse.",
"relieving a victim from pain",
"helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the animal.
|
[
"Redwood trees have small leaves.",
"Aloe vera has spiny leaves.",
"Oak trees can have thick branches.",
"Koalas eat leaves."
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
If a liquid disappears then what probably happened to it?
|
[
"gas transformation",
"solidifying",
"melting",
"cooling"
] | 0A
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the one animal that has all of the mammal traits listed above.
|
[
"Harvest mice use their tails and feet to climb on plants and rocks. These mice have fur and feed their offspring milk.",
"Minnows live underwater and have fins to help them swim. They have scaly skin and lay eggs with no shells. Many fishermen use minnows as bait to catch other fish."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Mickey Mouse wants to help kids kick the junk food habit. The Walt Disney Company announced that it plans to advertise only healthier foods to kid. By 2015, all food and drink products that are advertised on its TV channels, radio stations and websites will have to meet the company's nutrition standard for limiting calories and reducing fat, sodium and sugar. Many foods, such as fruit drinks, candy and snack cakes, won't meet the standard. First Lady Michelle Obama called it a "game changer". "Disney is doing what no major media company has ever done before in the US - and what I hope every company will do in the future." "This is a landmark , because a major media company is taking responsibility for what food they advertise to children," says Margo Wootan, director of nutrition policy for the Center for Science in the Public Interest. "This should be a real wake-up call to Nickelodeon(an American children's channel) and the Cartoon Network to do the same." But the company will still be able to advertise "better-for-you versions of products that are not perfectly nutritious." Under the new standards, breakfast cereals that are advertised will have to contain fewer than 10 grams of sugar in a serving, Wootan says. "That's a good step forward, but it's not perfectly nutritious." Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, says Disney is making this move "at perhaps some risk of affecting their incomes, so that's why we should praise them." Food marketing is really "important because it shapes the way kids are fed," Wootan says. "If we don't deal with food marketing to kids, we don't have any chance of addressing childhood obesity." Currently, a third of children are overweight, putting them at a greater risk for serious health problems. At its theme parks, Disney began offering healthier kids' meals, serving carrots and other vegetables, fruits, low-fat milk and yogurt at meals, instead of fries and soft drinks. What is the main idea of the text?
|
[
"Disney calls for a ban on junk food.",
"Disney aims to help kids lose weight.",
"Disney is to serve healthier food for kids.",
"Disney is to quit taking ads for junk food aimed at kids."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
They crossed in front of me as I was driving out of the store parking lot .I would be delayed for a whole ten seconds. However,I realized that it was an elderly couple who were briefly delaying my departure .No more anger. The man leaned on his wife who walked in front of him. He not only used her for support but it was obvious that he was blind. She was his eyes as well. The two of them worked as one--each needing the other to function in this fastchanging world. That little example of true strength that day changed my whole personal perception of life. Suddenly I wasn't so mad about having to work a few extra hours on Saturday. I had my strength,and I was still relatively young. That picture of those two elderly people walking with dignity and strength stayed with me the entire week. My life wasn't so bad after all. I had my health and a good job. My wife always gave me good advice whenever I needed it. I started to think--not only was I lucky to have it all,but so was that wonderful old couple,who,despite the trials and hardships of a long life,still had the love and support of each other to carry them through this world. There are so many people out there just like that couple. My wife and I sometimes picture ourselves in our old age,walking arminarm into the sunset. That image always gives us a warm feeling of comfort. Just remember,none of us would be here if it weren't for our elders. We should spend an extra minute to listen and learn when it comes to helping our elder friends. They need it. What do we know about the author?
|
[
"He and his wife are in their old age.",
"He has a good but busy job.",
"His life is very bad actually.",
"He and his wife often walk arminarm."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is this fly's phenotype for the wing type trait?
|
[
"normal wings",
"vestigial wings"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
When she was a girl of sixteen and before she began to work in the store , Alice had dated a young man. The young man, named Ned Currie, was older than Alice. He was employed on the local newspaper and for a long time he went to see Alice almost every evening. Together the two walked under the trees through the streets of the town and talked of what they would do with their lives. Alice was then a very pretty girl and one night Ned took her into his arms and kissed her. He became excited and said things he did not intend to say and Alice, betrayed by her desire to have something beautiful come into her narrow life, also grew excited. She also talked. The outer crust of her life , all of her natural shyness and reserve, was torn away and she gave herself over to the emotions of love. When,late in the fall,Ned went away to Cleveland to try to get a place on a city newspaper and rise in the world , she wanted to go with him. _ she told him what was in her mind. "I will work and you can work,she said. "I don't want to tie you to a needless expense that will stop you making progress. Don't marry me now. We'll get along without that and we can be together. Even though we live in the same house, no one will say anything. In the city we'll be unknown and people will pay no attention to us." Ned was puzzled by his sweetheart's determination and was also deeply touched. He had wanted a girlfriend just to relieve the boredom of his life but had changed his mind. He now wanted to protect her and care for her. "You don't know what you're talking about,he said sharply; "I'll let you do no such thing. As soon as I get a good job , I'll come back. For the present you'll have to stay here. It's the only thing we can do. On the evening before he left Winesburg, Ned went to call on Alice. They walked about through the streets for an hour and then went for a drive in the country. The moon came up and they found themselves unable to talk. They stopped at a place where a long meadow ran down to the bank of Wine Creek and there in the dim light he kissed her and promised he would love her forever. When they returned to town, it did not seem to them that anything in the future could blot out the wonder and beauty of that evening. ''Now we will have to stick to each other; whatever happens, we will have to do that," Ned said as he left the girl at her father's door. He did not succeed in getting a place on a Cleveland newspaper and went west to Chicago. For a time he was lonely and wrote to Alice almost every day. Then he was caught up by the life of the city ;he began to make friends and found new interests in life. In Chicago he boarded at a house where there were several women. One of them attracted his attention and he forgot Alice in Winesburg. At the end of a year he had stopped writing letters, and only once in a long time when he was lonely or when he went into one of the city parks and saw the moon shining on the grass as it had shone that night on the meadow by Wine Creek did he think of her at all. Which of the following words can BEST describe Ned?
|
[
"Protective",
"Changeable",
"Greedy",
"Faithful"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which plate of spaghetti has more thermal energy?
|
[
"the hotter plate of spaghetti",
"the colder plate of spaghetti"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which is the most flexible?
|
[
"bone",
"glass jar",
"rubber band"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
New York University (NYU) is one of the best universities in the United States and it has just opened a school in Shanghai in partnership with East China Normal University(ECNU). The arrival of the American university on China mainland is an example of what is being called the "globalization" of education and it is hoped that this trend will influence the quality of education in all of China's universities by raising the standard of teaching. NYU Shanghai's class of 2017(students will graduate in 2017) is made up of 295 students from China, America and other countries. The students will study liberal arts courses for two years before choosing a major and when they graduate, they will receive a degree from NYU and a degree from ECNU. All the classes will be taught in English, using the teaching methods in American universities. Students will be pushed to take risks in the classroom, pushed to speak up and pushed to say things that are not completely correct, which can make them understand that it's OK for them to make mistakes in class. This style of learning will be challenging for many Chinese students, because they will be mixed with the foreign students both in the classroom and in the dormitory. Living and studying with foreigners day to day will provide Chinese students with a cultural as well as academic education and it's hoped that this cross-cultural experience will benefit them when they seek jobs in the competitive global market. China's interest in partnering with foreign universities comes at a time when western universities are trying to expand. They realize that information, technology and business are now borderless; they also realize education should be borderless too. This trend will have a deep effect on bringing the world closer together and the students at NYU Shanghai should be excited to be on the leading edge of this trend. The opening of NYU Shanghai class may help _ .
|
[
"improve the quality of China's university education",
"prove that NYU is the best university in the United States",
"send more Chinese students to foreign universities",
"raise the standard of teaching in American university"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Living things depend on energy from
|
[
"the Sun",
"the Moon",
"soil",
"water"
] | 0A
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old scientist, became the first female Chinese to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct,5. She shared the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine because of the new medicine for malaria . Tu started the research in the 1970s that made her find artemisinin , a kind of medicine that has saved many people's lives. It comes from Chinese traditional medicine and now is a good way to treat malaria. When the news came that Tu was given the prize, there were cheers as well as questions. Some said that her achievement was the result of lots of Chinese scientists working together. So it is unfair to give the prize only to Tu. However, Tu was awarded for "three firsts". She was the first to bring artemisinin to her team, the first to extract artemisinin that can stop malaria, and the first to finish the experiment. Giving prizes to scientists with great ideas is the best way to keep national innovation . Why did someone say it was unfair to give the prize only to Tu Youyou?
|
[
"because it was many scientists' hard work together.",
"because Tu was a woman",
"because malaria was not a serious illness",
"because artemisinin comes from Chinese medicine."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
QQ is one of the most popular chat tools among teenagers. We regard it as an important chat tool in our dailylife because it has some advantages. First, we can make lots of e-friends on QQ. It is easy to find the person who has the same interest as us, and we can talk with him or her happily. Second, we can also join a QQ group to find the information we need. For example, if we want to learn English well, we can choose a group with many English lovers in it. Third, we can also play games with our friends on QQ and always have fun. QQ brings us a lot of benefits , but it can also cause some problems. It's dangerous to tell strangers on QQ our real personal information like telephone number, address and ID number. If we spend too much time chatting online, it won't be good for our study and health. Sometimes QQ may bring us some _ if we don't use it well.
|
[
"problems",
"benefits",
"interests",
"fun"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Gia was new in the neighborhood. She really wanted to meet some new friends. She was lonely and tired of playing with her toys all by herself. Her mother told her that the best way to meet new friends was to go somewhere where other kids are at. She remembered seeing a park on the corner when they were moving in. She asked her mother if she could go to the park. Her mother walked her down the street to the park. When Gia got to the park she was not happy. There was no one there. She sat on a swing and looked at the ground. It seemed like this was going to be another lonely day. Gia heard a noise and looked up. There was a girl coming down the hill. She smiled, but she was a little scared. What if she wasn't nice? That would make her sad. Gia was so happy when the girl walked up and said, "Hi, my name is Julie. What's yours?" Why was Gia lonely?
|
[
"She had no friends in the new neighborhood.",
"Her mother wouldn't let her go outside.",
"She didn't like to share when she played with her toys.",
"Nobody kids lived in her neighborhood."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the statement. Assume that Patrick's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between Patrick and Earth () as he rode the escalator.
|
[
"decreased",
"increased",
"stayed the same"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
In earliest times, men considered lightning to be one of the great mysteries of nature. Some ancient people believed that lightning and thunder were the weapons of the gods. In reality, lightning is a flow of electricity formed high above the earth. A single flash of lightning 1.6 kilometers long has enough electricity to light one million light bulbs . The American scientist and statesman, Benjamin Franklin, was the first to show the connection between electricity and lightning in 1752. In the same year he also built the first lightning rod . This device protects buildings from being damaged by lightning. Modern science has discovered that one stroke of lightning has a voltage of more than 15 million volts . A flash of lightning between a cloud and the earth may be as long as 13 kilometers, and travel at a speed of 30 million meters per second. Scientists judge that there are about 2,000 million flashes of lightning per year. Lightning hits the Empire State Building in New York City 30 to 48 times a year. In the United States alone it kills an average of one person every day. The safest place to be in case of an electrical storm is in a closed car. Outside, one should go to low ground and not get under tress. Also, one should stay out of water and away from metal fences. Inside a house, people should avoid open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things. Which of the following is NOT true?
|
[
"In the U.S about one person per day dies from lightning.",
"Swimming during a thunder storm is a good idea.",
"The Empire State Building frequently gets hit by lightning.",
"A closed car is the best place to be during an electrical storm."
] | 1B
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Mr. White's family decided to repair their house. Mr. White bought the house two and a half years ago. Since his kids were growing up, he and his wife wanted to make some changes to the house. They decided to knock down their living room wall to open up the space. When the wooden walls were moved, they were shocked to find a lizard stuck in the small space between the walls. The lizard's foot was stuck by a nail which was knocked into the wall from the other side several months ago. However, they wondered how the lizard had _ so long without moving from that place. The family decided to wait for a while and see how the lizard survived several months without moving. While they were doing other things, they kept an eye on the lizard. The son, Ray, suddenly shouted, "Dad, look here!" Another lizard appeared, carrying food to the stuck lizard's mouth. That was a real surprise! Everyone was touched that the lizard fed the other one for all this time. Both lizards had never-ending hope for each other and carried their hearts with love and care. Why can't we humans always carry that kind of love in our hearts? Life is full of all kinds of difficulties. What we can do is to give our hand to the one in need and share our love. Sharing is caring. What does the story mainly tell us?
|
[
"Learn to trust your friends.",
"Lizards can live without food.",
"Try to give love to people around us.",
"Animals are friendlier than humans."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I have a big family. In my family,there are 6 people--my father,my mother,my two sisters,my brother and me. My mother is Linda. My father is Mike. And our family name is Hand. My sisters are Gina and Sonia. They like baseball very much. My brother,David,is a lovely boy. He likes computer games. My name is Bob. I my family. How manypeople are there in the family?
|
[
"Six",
"Seven",
"Five",
"Four"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Japanese workers who run secretly out of the office and spend their afternoons hanging around coffee shops may soon be caught out by their bosses. A new cellphonebased tracking device from Hitachi can show, on an employer's computer screen, not only the whereabouts of their workers but also whether they are standing, walking, running--or have fallen over. The system, called Partout, was originally developed as a monitoring device for the families of people with dementia, who may wander off and need to be located. "It's estimated that the number of elderly people with symptoms of dementia will reach 1.5 million in Japan next year," says Hitachi's Keisaku Shibatani. But the high cost of the system--early prices are around PS27,000--has put it out of reach of most families. Indeed, companies with large sales forces and police departments who want to track officers on dangerous patrol duties are interested in the system. Partout uses a multifunction location sensing unit that tracks users through global positioning satellites. The user's body motion is determined by an accelerometer inside the sensing unit: no movement means the subject has stopped, slow movement means they are walking, fast movement means they are running, and strong and unexpectedly sudden movement means the user may have fallen. The date is relayed through the user's cell phone to computer, which displays their position on a map. Graphics record the motion or position of the subject's body. What is mainly talked about in the text?
|
[
"Japanese workers are caught playing outside.",
"Most Japanese families can't afford Partout.",
"A new cellphonebased tracking device--Partout.",
"A new model of cell phone."
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the sky? Where is it? How high is it? What lies above it? These questions are difficult to answer, aren't they? Is the sky blue? The sky has no colour. We know that there is air around the world. When planes fly, they need air to lift their wings. Planes cannot fly very high because when they go higher, the air gets thinner. If we go up about 1,200 kilometres from the earth, we find there is no air. Perhaps we can answer some of our questions now. The sky is space. In this space there is only the sun, the moon and all the stars. If we go up about 1,200 kilometres from the earth, we find _ .
|
[
"there is more air",
"there is less air",
"there is nothing but air",
"there is no air"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Island University has a competition for middle school students. Read about the competition on their website. School Competition Students! Here is your chance to help the physically disabled. Think out a robot or a machine to help them live better. There'll be three prizes. The winning schools each will get $ 15,000. Read the information below: What do you have to do? * Try to know problems faced by the physically disabled in Hong Kong. Write a 200-word article on the difficulties these people have to suffer each day. * Try to know modern inventions that help the physically disabled. Then think out a robot or a machine that will improve the lives of the physically disabled. Draw your invention. You can make as many drawings as you like to show your invention. You can even make a small model of your invention * Write a short description of your invention Who-can join? All middle school students in Hong Kong. So, come on! Join the competition, and get the chance! Who can take part in the competition?
|
[
"The disabled.",
"Middle school students.",
"Middle school teachers.",
"All the readers."
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The best way to experience the Web,email,photos,video and other features. All of the builtin programs on iPad were designed from the ground up to take advantage of the large multitouch screen and advanced capabilities of iPad. And they work in any orientation. So you can do things with these programs that you can't do on any other device. Safari iPad is the best way to experience the Web. View whole pages in portrait or landscape on the large multitouch screen. And let your fingers do the surfing. All iPad models come with builtin WiFi,and safari can make iPad connected to the Web via highspeed WiFi. And when you're away from a WiFi network,you should choose iPad with WiFi+3G,which will make you surf the Internet anywhere,and sign up for access to 3G data service. Email There's nothing like the mail program on iPad. With a splitscreen view,and expensive onscreen keyboard, it lets you see and touch your email in ways you never could before. Photos A vivid LEDbacklit IPS display makes viewing photos on iPad extraordinary. Open albums with a tap. Flip through your pictures one by one. Or play a slideshow and share your photos. Multitasking You can do just about anything on your iPad. With multitasking,you can do even more. Be more productive as your work,have more fun as you play,or do a little of both. Find My iPad You keep all sorts of valuable data on your iPad. If you happen to misplace it,find My iPad helps you locate it on a map,remotely set a postcode lock,display a message,and more. A magical and revolutionary product at an unbelievable price. Starting at $499,get your own iPad at the nearest Apple retail store,at as reseller(with 0.05% product tax),at the Apple online store or in a shopping centre. According to the passage, which description about iPad is TRUE?
|
[
"Every iPad can make you surf the Internet anywhere.",
"If you want to write email,you need an extra keyboard.",
"iPad can make you run more than one program.",
"Each iPad will cost you only$499."
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When you buy cooking oil in the supermarket, you may notice that some brands are labeled as "GM (genetically modified)-free". So, what is genetic modification? Are GM foods safe? These questions have been put back into the spotlight recently. On Nov 19, the Food and Drug Administrati0n (FDA) in the US announced that it had approved the AquAdvantage salmon to go on the market, making it the first genetically modified animal to be approved as food anywhere in the world. GM foods are plants or animals that have been given a gene from another plant or animal to make them stronger in some way. The AquAdvantage salmon contains a gene from another type of salmon that makes it grow faster. Although the FDA has said "food from the fish is safe to eat", some believe that scientists can't completely understand the potential health risks of GM foods, simply because they're so new. Others worry that the fish could escape into the wild and cause ecological problems. GM crops have experienced the same controversy, even though GM technology cuts down on the use of pesticides on crops and increases yields. While GM animals are new, GM crops have already appeared on our plates: A total of 28 countries in the world including the US, Brazil and India planted 181.5 million hectares (1.815 million km2) of GM crops in 2014, according to the International Service for tile Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications. In China, we grow GM cotton and papaya and import GM soybeans, corn, rape, cotton and beets from abroad. Due to safety worries, many countries have regulations for producing and selling GM food. In European Union countries, each GM food must be approved before it can be used. This process can take up to 17 months. The origin of all GM foods must also be traceable, and all food with a GM content of more than 0.9 percent must also be labeled, according to EU website europa.eu. The US is less strict about GM foods. According to FDA regulations, companies introducing new GM foods to the market should report them at least 120 days before release. The labeling is voluntary, except that a product cannot be labeled as "GM-free" if genetically modified materials are used. In China, GM foods can only be produced after strict tests by the Ministry of Agriculture say that they are safe. All food that is made from GM crops or contains GM ingredients must be clearly labeled on the wrapper. According to the text, the AquAdvantage salmon _ .
|
[
"tastes better than normal salmon",
"is a product that mixes several types of fish",
"has a gene from a different type of salmon",
"remains to be approved in several countries"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is smoother?
|
[
"bark",
"glass window"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A growing number of health, hunger, and sustainable agriculture groups today announced plans for Food Day-a nationwide campaign to change the way Americans eat and think about food.Food Day will encourage people around the country to sponsor or participate in activities that encourage Americans to "eat real" and support healthy, affordable food grown in a sustainable, humane way. Organizers hope Food Day will inspire Americans to hold thousands of events in schools, college campuses, houses of worship and even in private homes aimed at fixing America's food system.A Food Day event could be as small as a parent organizing a vegetable identification contest at a kindergarten class-or as massive as a rally in a city park, with entertainment and healthy food.Health departments, city councils and other policy makers could use Food Day to launch campaigns, hold hearings, or otherwise address communities food problems. The campaign will advocate progress toward five central goals: *Reducing diet-related disease by promoting healthy foods.The American diet is too low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and too high in fatty meat, soft drinks and salty packaged and restaurant foods-contributing to hundreds of thousands of premature deaths each year. *Supporting sustainable farms and stopping subsidies to agribusiness.Billions of federal dollars a year would be better spent helping environmentally conscious family farmers than hugeagribusiness operations. *Expanding access to food and alleviating hunger.Far too many Americans don't know where their next meal is coming from, or have access to fresh produce in their neighborhood. *Reforming factory farms to protect animals and the environment.Farming of animals can and should be done without cruelty, and without degrading the quality of life. *Curbing junk-food marketing to kids.Food companies should not be targeting children with foods that promote tooth decay, obesity and other health problems. What is the best title of the text?
|
[
"Food Day Campaign",
"Eat Real and Keep fit",
"How to Observe Food Day",
"Food Problems in the USA"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most children now chat daily either online or through their mobile phones. They are connecting to a huge number of other children all over the world. Some are shy "in real life" but are confident to communicate with others online; others find support from people of their own age on relationship issues, or problems at home. Sometimes the online world, just like the real word, can introduce problems, such as bullying or arguments. Going online is great fun, but there are also a few people who use the Internet for offensive or illegal aims. Children must be made _ of both the good things and the danger. To keep children safe your management must cover the family computer. Just as you decide which TV programs are suitable, you need to do the same for the websites and chat rooms your children visit. Remind your children that online friends are still strangers. Reminding them of the risks will keep them alert. Computer studies are part of schoolwork now, so it's likely that your children may know more than you do. We get left behind when it comes to the latest gadgets and interactive areas of websites, like chat rooms and message boards, which are especially strange. The language of chat is strange to many parents, too. Chatters love to use abbreviations such as: atb-- all the best; bbfn-- bye by for now; cul8er --see you later; gr8--great; idk-- I don't know; imbl-- it must be love; kit --keep in touch; paw-- parents are watching; lol--laugh out loud; xlnt-- excellent! When your son is chatting about something secret online with you standing beside him, he may use _ .
|
[
"bbfn.",
"lol",
"paw",
"cul8er"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
More than one-third of adults in the United States are obese . In fact, over obesity has reached such proportions that one big-city mayor has gone about banning large-sized, sugary soft drinks and the First Lady has been on a campaign to control the dietary offerings in public schools. Even many adults who do not fit the clinic definition of obesity are still overweight, and a large percentage are looking for the best ways to lose weight. Reducing pounds largely comes down to the two-sided factors of diet and exercise. Not carrying out the first one enough, and not getting enough of the second one, ends up giving the individual a recipe for being overweight. Advising someone to eat less and exercise more might be the easiest advice possible, but it's also, partially, an oversimplification. Dieting has more to do with the types of food you eat than how much you eat. Reduce the amount of red meat in your diet. If you don't want to eliminate red meat altogether, choose cuts of meat with less fat content. Limit your intake of salt and starches. If you've got to have potato chips alongside your sandwich at lunch, choose the baked potato chips that contain less fat than the deep-fried chips. You might find you're really not sacrificing that much in terms of taste. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, egg whites, fish and nonfat dairy products will certainly aid in the mission of losing weight. Drink more water and less sugary drinks. If you have to have a soda, a diet soda is a better option, but seltzer is an even better choice than that. It's important--if not always easy--to make sure you get at least some physical activity each and every day. If your feet won't allow for a regular jogging regimen, then make sure you take lots of walks. Next time you need to mail a letter, walk to the mailbox instead of driving. Try to work in a daily walk in your neighborhood. The First Lady has started a movement to _ .
|
[
"raise people's awareness of healthy diet",
"control the public school dietary supplying",
"ban the sugary soft drinks",
"realise the importance of dieting"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Rahfeal Gordon has come a long way from the homeless shelters and streets of Newark, New Jersey. The 25-year-old was honored this year by the National Foundation for Teaching Entrepreneurship for his work----giving motivational speeches to youth groups. Rahfeal Gordon tells his audience, "If nobody ever says that you're brilliant, say it to yourself every day. Look yourself in the mirror: if you have survived something, I don't care how small, how big, you've survived it," he said. Rahfeal Gordon 's speech is simple: He tells the story of his own life in three chapters. Each begins with a hip hop lyric that he knows will be meaningful to a young audience. Gordon says he uses positive hip hop lyrics to encourage youths, especially those who grew in poverty and abuse, as he did. His talk is called "Hip Hop Saved My Life". " When I had my very dark moments in life, I would put on certain songs, whether it is from Jay-Z , Tupac, Kanye West," Gordon said. "They kept me going through the hard times. They fulfilled a certain void that I couldn't fulfill, like not having a father or mother there, so I felt they could relate because they would tell these stories." Gordon says his childhood was happy until his father became addicted to drugs and began to beat his three brothers and mother. They left to live on the streets and in homeless shelters. Gordon says he tries now to be a voice for others, including a brother who was murdered at the age of 19. "When I lost my brother, that was, really, a moment when things really started to take off, in the sense of saying, 'I really, really want to be that individual to help people, to help individuals,' "Gordon said. "I can't be Superman. I can't save the world, but I think that if I can help an individual, I am saving the world. " What do we know about Rahfeal Gordon's childhood?
|
[
"His parents forced him to leave home.",
"He was badly treated since he was a child.",
"His mother always beat him black and blue.",
"He became homeless after his father used drugs."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Ayana investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"Does milk chocolate melt faster when heated in a microwave or on a stove?",
"Does milk chocolate or dark chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove?",
"Does dark chocolate or white chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove?"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Atoms of which of these elements are part of many organic molecules?
|
[
"calcium",
"magnesium",
"oxygen",
"silicon"
] | 2C
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Doctors' moonlighting is becoming popular in hospitals around China. It has not only raised a lot of heated discussions in the media, but also caught the attention of the central government in Beijing. On December 26, a spokesman of the Ministry of Health stressed that the ministry was firmly against doctors' moonlighting, while strict regulations should be applied to doctors taking part-time jobs, the Xinhua News Agency reported. Last year, the Ministry sent out a notice to a variety of health organizations to speed up the reform of their personnel system. According to the notice, medical organizations can hire medical experts as part-time doctors but such activities should take place under the hospital's management and regulations . As for moonlighting--meaning that the doctor provides medical service without the permission of the original hospital--such activity goes against China's Practicing Doctor Law, Xinhua reported. In China, doctors used to be controlled by hospitals and they could work for only one hospital. However, as China's medical personnel system reform developed, it has been recognized that medical human resources, just like human resources in other areas, should be shared by the whole society. But on the other hand, doctors' taking part-time jobs should follow the relative regulations applied in the medical field. First of all, they should follow relative government laws and regulations. They should also follow the rules and regulations set by the medical organizations they work for. In addition, they should pay taxes for their income from the part-time jobs. What matters most is that they should first finish their regular jobs as required and be responsible for patients to ensure qualified and safe medical treatment. What is the greatest difference between moonlighting and taking part-time jobs?
|
[
"Doctors can earn more money by moonlighting than by taking part-time jobs.",
"Doctors pay fewer taxes for the money made by moonlighting than by taking",
"Taking part-time jobs is permitted by hospitals while moonlighting is-against",
"Doctor's part-time jobs, instead of moonlighting, are encouraged by health organizations."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said, "Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day." And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transactions are "untouched by human hands" and therefore safe from human temptation. Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal. Computer criminals don't use guns. And even they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it: it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else's account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records. Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days' notice. In those thirty days, she erased all the company's computerized records. Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is "the tip of the iceberg". As one official says, "I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing--the ones who really know how a computer works." The head teller was found guilty of stealing _ .
|
[
"when he was caught transmitting money from one account to another",
"when the police broke up the illegal gambling operation",
"afer he was questioned on the abnormal balance of an account",
"after the police examined the illegal gambling operation documents"
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Food is less risky to consume when
|
[
"spoiled",
"fully cooked",
"defecated on",
"rotted"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Linda Evans was my best friend -like the sister I never had ,We did everything to-- gether :piano lessons ,movies, swimming , horseback riding. When I was 13, my family moved away , Linda and I kept in touch through letters ,and we saw each other on special times - like my wedding and Linda's. Soon we were busy with childern and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often , One day a card that I sent came back , stamped "Address Unknown", I had no idea about how to find Linda. Over the years, I missed Linda very much, I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren , And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then moth-er died, There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill. One day, I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman --Linda's married name."There must be thousands of Wagmans."I thought, but I still wrote to her. She called as soon as she got my letter, "Mrs , Tobin!"she said excitedly, "Linda Ev-ans Wagman is my mother." Minutes later I heard a voice that I recognized at once, even after 40 years ,We laughed and cried and caught up on each other's lives, Now the empty place in my heart is filled, And there's one thing that Linda and I know for sure; We won't lose each other again! There was an empty place in the writer's heart because she _ .
|
[
"was in trouble",
"didn't know Linda's address",
"received the card that she sent",
"didn't have a friend like Linda"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
School Activities Our school activities are suitable for all ages and levels including primary, secondary and A-Level. We offer workshops, hands-on activities and a teacher support service to help you get the most out of your visit. All school services are free, but must be booked in advance.[:Z,xx,k.Com] Darwin Centre Find out who you really are and where you come from in our interactive films about evolution, described by Sir David Attenborough. Hands-on Activities Get up close and personal with Museum in these hands-on activities, where you can handle real specimens from our collections. Hundreds of real, natural history specimens for students to touch and explore are in our hands-on science centre. Self-led Activities Pupils can engage with specimens through role-play in a self-guided explorer challenge through the Museum. The Great Debate School Program Students are introduced to the history of the debate during a lively tour. They are then divided into groups and use exhibits to prepare presentations representing the views of the debated key characters. Booking All school activities must be booked in advance by calling the schools booking line: 4420 7942 6666. If you want to join in the school activities, you _ .
|
[
"have to pay for the services",
"should be an A-Level student",
"need to visit the school web",
"must book in advance"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of these animals could keep itself warmest?
|
[
"a squirrel",
"a whale",
"a chihuahua",
"a cat"
] | 1B
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
She's not afraid of anything. Snakes? No problem. Walking alone in the dark? Easy. We're not talking about a superhero here -- SM is a 44-year-old mother. And she's fearless because she happens to be missing part of her brain: the amygdala . Shaped like a pair of almonds sitting in the middle of your brain, the amygdala helps control fear and anxiety. A rare condition called Urbach-Wiethe disease left SM without her amygdala, and seems to have completely erased her sense of fear. To try to understand how the amygdala works, a team of researchers made their efforts to scare SM. They showed her horror movies and took her to the Waverly Hills Sanatorium Haunted House in Kentucky. She pushed out one of the monsters and laughed. SM said she didn't like snakes, but at a pet store full of poisonous creatures, she kept asking to touch them. When asked to rate her feelings, SM reported feeling surprised or disgusted, but never fearful. "She tends to approach everything she should be avoiding," says Justin Feinstein of the University of Iowa. This means the amygdala could control deeper urges to approach or avoid danger. Other scientists have a different opinion, though. "I don't believe you can make a general statement about what the amygdala does by a single case study," Elizabeth Phelps said. In 2002, Phelps published a study on a similar patient with amygdala damage who still showed fear. It may sound like fun to be totally fearless, but we get scared for a good reason. "The nature of fear is survival and the amygdala helps us stay alive by avoiding situations, people, or objects that put our life in danger," Feinstein said. SM was once followed in a park after dark by a man with a knife, and she simply walked away. "It is quite remarkable that she is still alive," said Feinstein. What do we know from the research on SM?
|
[
"It was easy for her to avoid danger.",
"SM never felt fearful but disgusted.",
"SM was frightened by nothing except monsters.",
"SM got along well with the snakes."
] | 1B
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which change better matches the sentence?
A forest catches fire and burns.
|
[
"earthquake",
"wildfire"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Life affects friendships. As we grow, marry, fight in wars, move across the country or change jobs, old friendships fall away and new ones form. As long as we live, the things around us change, and as long as things change, friendships are affected. When we were children we had best friends. No matter what happened we were still friends. We live our lives, however, and do what life calls for us to do, and as we get older, memories fade , faces blur , and even friends' names from childhood are forgotten. Do you have a question about friendship? Do you wonder what to do with a friend who is no longer friendly? Perhaps you will see that you can't control others. If someone wants to be your friend, it is their choice. All you can do is treat them well and do the best for them when you are with them. Then you wish them well when they leave. You can talk to _ and they will tell you that life is full of incredible joy and incredible sorrow, and that what bothers you today will one day become a memory and the sting will be gone. Seniors might tell you that you will learn more as you get older. They will tell you that friendships come and friendships go.Sometimes when they go it will hurt, but you will be okay with it.It's the way life works, after all. What can we learn about friendship, according?
|
[
"Friends in childhood are sometimes forgotten by bus.",
"Friends are always around us and will never go away.",
"Friends in childhood ae the best no matter what happens.",
"Friendship can not be easily affected by one's family."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
the lunar surface contains
|
[
"aliens",
"snakes",
"bumpless regions",
"trees"
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research shows that the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age. The largest study of the effects of aging on the heart has found that women's longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age. "We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age," "Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the ages of 20 and 70 , one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men," . What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. "This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men," said Goldspink. The team has yet to find why aging takes a greater toll on the male heart, said Goldspink.. The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. We can know from the passage that _ .
|
[
"the reason why ageing causes a greater loss to the male heart has been found out",
"scientists are still doing research into why the male heart loses more of the cells",
"team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss of the cells",
"women over 70 could lose more cells than those at the age of 20."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the one animal that has all of the amphibian traits listed above.
|
[
"Green frogs have moist skin. Green frog tadpoles hatch from eggs without shells and live underwater. The adult frogs live on land near ponds and rivers. They may jump into the water to hide from predators.",
"Western gorillas have black, gray, or brown fur. Adult males are sometimes called silverbacks because they have often have gray fur on their backs. Female western gorillas feed their offspring milk."
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
For most South Africans, Nelson Mandela is the father of their nation - many even called him "Tata", a local word for father. It was sometimes forgotten that he was also a real father of six, grandfather of 18, great-grandfather of eight, and husband to three women. He earned a place in history just like another father of a nation, Mahatma Gandhi. But there was a fundamental difference between these beloved men. While Gandhi was thought to be a depressed family man, Mandela was a strong and loving family man. Even so, Mandela and his family paid dearly for his devotion to his country's freedom. Mandela himself offered a glimpse into his personal war. "To be the father of a nation is a great honor, but to be the father of a family is a greater joy. _ " he said in April 1992, announcing his separation from Winnie. In 1944, Nelson Mandela married Evelyn. "I could not give up my life in the struggle," Mandela explained in his autobiography , Long Walk to Freedom, "and she (Evelyn) could not live with my devotion to something other than herself and her family... I never lost my admiration for her, but in the end we could not make our marriage work." They divorced in 1958. When Evelyn died in 2004, Mandela stood at her graveside with his third wife, Graca. Winnie also attended the funeral. Mandela married Winnie in 1958. But Winnie bore the hardship of life as Mandela, enduring her husband's 27-year imprisonment. From prison, Mandela wrote some of the greatest love letters to Winnie. "I dust it (your photo) carefully every morning - I even touch your nose with mine to regain the electric current that used to run through my blood whenever I did so." For many South Africans, it was the end of a fairytale love story when their separation was made public in 1992. "Tensions" had arisen and they had agreed on a separation. The hurt in his words was clear: "Perhaps I was blinded to certain things because of the pain I felt for not being able to play my role as a husband to my wife and a father to my children." "Unstable personal lives seemed freedom fighters' destiny ," he said. "When your life is the struggle, as mine was, there is little room left for family. That has always been my greatest regret, and the most painful aspect of the choice I made." The couple divorced in 1996. What is the best title of the passage?
|
[
"Mandela: not just the father of the nation.",
"Mandela: a devoted leader of the nation.",
"Mandela: a freedom fighter with deep love.",
"Mandela: success and failure."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Corn can be used to make ethanol, which is a fuel for some cars. What problem could be caused by the increased use of ethanol?
|
[
"increase in fossil fuel production",
"decrease in corn production",
"increase in severe weather",
"decrease in nutrients in soil"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which change better matches the sentence?
The trees in a forest catch fire and burn.
|
[
"volcanic eruption",
"wildfire"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Select the one animal that has all of the reptile traits listed above.
|
[
"Coral snakes hatch from eggs with shells. They spend most of their time underground or hiding under leaves. Coral snakes have scaly, waterproof skin.",
"Bengal tigers are one of the world's largest living cats. They have black, white, and orange fur. Female Bengal tigers feed their offspring milk. Male Bengal tigers can be almost twice as large as females!"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Some prey animals may elude predators by
|
[
"being stinky",
"being friendly",
"being slow",
"being loving"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Women work harder than men at university and get better degrees as a result, according to a study at Brunel University. The research, which followed 200 students for four years, found that women consistently outperformed men in their studies even though they had started their courses with almost identical A-level grades. An analysis of the results showed that while 65 percent of female graduates were awarded, only 35 percent of male graduates did as well. Girls are known to outperform boys at school, but this research showed that trend continued at university. Fiona Smith, who led the research, said, "The research shows that the difference has something to do with schools in general." "It also shows something about the inequality for working women in terms of pay and promotion. Women work harder at school, harder at university, and do better at both, but they still receive less pay." The research found that female students were more faithful, less likely to miss lectures, and more likely to believe that their marks reflected their abilities than male students. Female students were also more likely to ask for and receive support from their professors. Women were also more likely to choose their universities because they liked the courses offered. In contrast, men were more likely than women to miss lectures due to "other affairs" and "laziness", and to believe that playing sports was an important part of university life. Generally, people think that women's success comes from more emphasis on coursework, but the research showed that female geographers at Brunel did better in their exams than in their coursework. Dr Smith said, "Most women feel that getting good grades is the most important part of university life. They believe that they need to work harder in order to compete in the male-dominated environment they will encounter at work. Good grades are viewed as an 'insurance policy' for success. Men, on the other hand, prefer going out and playing sports to academic work." "This research shows how important it is to get all young people working hard and teach them the value of higher education," he said. The main purpose of the research is to _ .
|
[
"give the government some advice on higher education",
"show us some information about higher education",
"show the sex difference in higher education",
"make all students work hard and realize the importance of higher education"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Have you been asked for money by some disabled beggars while you're enjoying shopping?Do you have any pity on them who are so poor and lonely or do you just feel afraid of their terrible shapes?As one of the most special groups,disabled people's living conditions--not only their material conditions,but their mental world,really need improvement. The treatment for disabled people should go like this:First,don't look down upon them.Don't be afraid of looking at the terrible shapes of the disabled.Try to treat them _ .Because they are a part of the society ,we can't discard them.The second is to help them as much as we could.If you can be a volunteer and do some work for the disabled people,that would be very nice.That does help not only to the disabled people but also to yourself because you will feel good after your kind action. If every one of us gives a little love,the world will become a beautiful wonderland! From the passage we can see that _ .
|
[
"disabled people are poor,but they are happy",
"all disabled people ask for money from those who are shopping",
"disabled people's living conditions are not good",
"no one would like to help disabled beggars"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How do you get a man to do his share of the housework? If you are like most women, you've faced this question the hard way. A man will enjoy a clean, orderly house, but he usually won't make the effort to clean or organise it. This doesn't mean that a woman has to do all the housework:; she may have to manage many of the household duties, and request her partner's participation . A woman can often say that men and women should take equal responsibility for housework. Very few men are raised to be fully responsible for housework, and many men look on housework as women's work. On the other hand, most men will readily work around the yard, make repairs and complete projects on weekends or evenings, and it's important that you give your man appreciation for those things, too. Most men will take on a little additional housework around the house if asked politely. They are even more likely to do housework if they can choose what they want to do, and do it without being monitored. Here's the key: men want to feel that they are doing housework either because they want to do a task, or because they simply want to please their women. Men are much less likely to take on household tasks they consider uninteresting and unimportant. In other words, men are likely to do a household task just for the good of the house. The passage is mainly about how to _ .
|
[
"get men to take on some housework",
"get men to serve their families",
"praise men' housework",
"make men do all the housework"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Yumiko gave some reasons why kettles and kitchen pans are often made of copper. Which reason is correct?
|
[
"Copper is a good conductor of heat.",
"Copper is easy to melt.",
"Copper is difficult to shape.",
"Copper dissolves in hot water."
] | 0A
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A handheld sewing machine uses a battery to make a needle move. The needle goes up and down quickly. Which energy change is taking place?
|
[
"Motion changes to chemical energy.",
"Stored energy changes to motion.",
"Electricity changes to stored energy.",
"Heat changes to electricity."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
A new study has discovered that meditation and oxygen sport together reduce depression .The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent. "We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non--depressed students,"said lead author Dr.Brandon Alderman."It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression." Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in _ depression.Alderman and Dr.Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them. Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing,enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention. Shors,who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus--part of the brain involved in memory and learning--says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive. The idea for the human intervention came from her laboratory studies,she says,with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events. By learning to focus their attention and exercise,people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past,Shors says. "We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health."said Alderman."The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost." What made the research so different?
|
[
"Adopting a way of meaningful talk.",
"Combining the two ways to treat depression.",
"Treating depression with special medicine.",
"Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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