question
stringlengths 4
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listlengths 2
5
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|---|---|---|---|---|
Everyone takes drugs.Sometimes a drug might be called a herb but the effect is the same.Drugs and herbs can make life better for they are used to improve health.From the simplest headache to a cure for cancer, people believe that certain drugs can help them.But there is danger if the drugs are not used in a proper way. American teenagers sometimes use certain drugs to feel good.They call this "getting high".The problem is that once a young man or a young woman has the feeling of"getting high",they want to do it often.If school is boring or too hard,students might get depressed and a drug or herb might help them feel better.If the student takes too much of a drug,the body may change in a wrong way such as a confused mind,poor sight,a headache,and an uncomfortable stomach. Schools now have D.A.R.E.program which means Drug Abuse Resistance Education.This program was started so that young students from age 10 to 18 might understand how a drug affects their bodies.The main point of the program is education.Once a student understands certain drugs can cause ill health,he will know he should not use them. Education is the key to good nutrition as well.If a student eats correctly,he or she will be full of energy which leads to good study habits and good grades.Poor nutrition may cause the need for more sleep and poor concentration.Proper food is similar to the proper use of drugs.Both allow a healthy body to grow while misuse of them prevents a person from developing normally. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
|
[
"Use Drug Properly",
"The Harm of Getting High",
"Common Drug Abuse in America",
"Why do Students Take drugs?"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is the hardest?
|
[
"rock",
"clay ball",
"nylon swim shorts"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
#Ruffi Ruff! Where's Scruff? Reading level: Baby--reschool Hardcover: 16 pages Language: English Availability: In Stock.Sold by Amazon-com.Gift--wrap available. Book Description: It's bath time for Scruff.But does anyone know where he's hiding? Have the cows seen him? Moo--no! How about the pigs? Oink--no! But not for toddlers.If they look carefully, they'll find Scruffhiding on every pop--up page! #You and Me, Baby Reading level: Baby--Grade 1 Hardcover: 40 pages Language: English Availability: In Stock.Ships from and sold byAmazon.com.Gift--wrap available. Only 4 left in stock--rder soon. #The Giving Tree Reading level: Ages 4~8 Hardcover: 64 pages Language: English Availability: Sold all the year round and choose One--Day Shipping at checkout. Book Description: Once there was a tree...and she loved a little boy.Every day the boy would come to the tree to eat her apples, swing from her branches, or slide down her trunk...and the tree was happy. #Where the Wild Things Are Reading level: Ages 6~10 Hardcover Comic: 62 pages Language: English Availability: In Stock.Ships from and Sold by Amazon-com.Gift--wrap available.Order it at once, and choose One--Day Shipping at checkout. #Goodnight Moon(Board book) Reading level: Baby--Preschool Board book: 30 pages Language: English Availability: In Stock.Ships from and sold by Amazon-com. Book description: Perhaps the perfect children's bedtime book.Goodnight Moon is a short poem of goodnight wishes from a young rabbit.He says goodnight to every object in sight and within earshot, including the "quiet old lady whispering hush." If you want a book for an eight-year-old, which one will you choose?
|
[
"You and Me, Baby",
"Where the Wild Things Are",
"Goodnight Moon",
"Ruffi Ruff! Where's Scruff?"
] | 1B
|
high_school_statistics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Alfred Nobel, a Swedish - born chemist, who died in 1896, at one time believed that his invention of explosives could bring wars to an end, But later he found he was wrong. Nobel was born in Sweden in 1833. With only one year of formal schooling, he became a chemist and inventor by age of 16. He was also a _ , speaking English, Russian, German and French besides Swedish. He wrote poetry . He began his work with producing liquid nitroglycerin for use in mining and construction. He then discovered that liquid nitroglycerin could be dried. He called it dynamite, after the Greek word dynamis, meaning "power". Then he became rich. When he died, his estate was worth about 89 million. Nobel never married, and he left most of his estate to those who have been known as Nobel Prizes. The money is invested and the interest is given out as yearly prizes for persons who have done something special for mankind in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature, and peace. Prizes were first awarded in 1901. Over the years, many great people such as Albert Einstein in physics, Marie Curie in chemistry, Martin Luther King, Jr. for peace and Mo yan for literature got the awards. All the questions have been answered Except _ .
|
[
"who chooses the Nobel Prize winners",
"when were Nobel Prizes first awarded",
"who could win Nobel Prizes",
"what else was Nobel interested in besides chemistry"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital, which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities(operating room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or, in the case of veteran's hospitals, a federal government agency. Others are operated by religious orders or other non-profit groups. Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service. Physicians are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $ 100 000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would be physicians first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $ 20 000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $ 10 000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency in a hospital, the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low. Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies. Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by _ .
|
[
"a church",
"a corporation",
"a city",
"a state"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Today people are paying more and more attention to improving their health through sports and exercise. But some of them have some wrong ideas about it. A plate of chicken is a good meal before games because it has much energy. In fact, the best meal before games should have carbohydrates . Foods like potatoes, bread, bananas are rich in it, chicken and meat are not. Carbohydrates are the best and most easily used forms of energy. The energy that you get for today's game is from what you ate yesterday. The best time to exercise is early in the morning. Morning is a good time to exercise, but it may not be suitable for you. If an afternoon or evening period suits you, and you enjoy the feeling of getting healthier, you can choose any time to exercise. There is no fixed time for you to exercise. If you drink water when you exercise, you'll get headaches and feel tired. The fact is that you must have some water during breaks when you exercise. And after exercising, you must have enough water. If you don't drink enough water, then you'll probably get headaches and feel tired. Exercising the same body part every day is the fastest way to improve strength. False! Exercising the same body part every day is the fastest way to cause problems. To improve strength, you want to work your muscles hard, but then you need to give those muscles a day of rest. Too much exercise can cause serious problems to muscles. Girls who do strength training will make their muscles big. Wrong! We usually connect those big muscles with bodybuilders , but girls don't have enough male hormone to make their muscles big like men. Strength training is a good way to make their muscles strong for girls. What is this passage mainly about?
|
[
"Reasons for sports and exercise.",
"False ideas about sports and exercise.",
"Result of games and exercise.",
"Proper time for sports and exercise."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
RichardSolo 1800 Rechargeable Battery In just minutes a day, plug in and charge your iPhone quickly! Just plug RichardSolo 1800 into your iPhone once or twice a day, for fifteen minutes, and keep your iPhone charged up. At your desk, or at dinner, plug RichardSolo into iPhone to instantly transfer change. No more battery worries. RichardSolo will charge iPhone to full 1.5 time, and it is good for 3-5 years of recharges. Use the iPhone while charging it. Even charge the RichardSolo 1800 and iPhone together at the same time. Take only one charger when traveling and wake up in the morning with the RichardSolo and the iPhone charged. RichardSolo 1800 is largest in its class and holds its charge for months. Works with almost all iPhone cases. Your satisfaction is guaranteed, with our 30-day return privilege. If you're not satisfied for any reason, we'll email you a pre-paid return label. Actual customer comments: To have your company exhibit such good service is unbelievably refreshing. ---P.S. This is what I call great customer support. I wish more companies would figure this out these days. Thank you so much.---D.C. You have provided me one of the best services I have ever seen on any online/telephone shopping.--T.K. You must have the fastest processing and shipping in the industry!!--M.C. This is the best customer service experience I have had in a long time.---L.L. I've read online about your amazing customer service, and I must say I'm now a true believer.---B.L. The customer comments on the battery are mainly about its _ .
|
[
".quality",
".service",
"function",
"shopping"
] | 1B
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a paper clip?
|
[
"35 millimeters",
"35 kilometers",
"35 centimeters",
"35 meters"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Scientists have been puzzled by the phenomenon that migrating birds fly not just in groups all the time, but in "V" formations and they have tried to figure out what benefit birds get from this particular formation. Now, a research group from University of London may have found the answer -- migrating birds fly in a "V" to save energy, according to a study published in the journal Nature. When a bird flaps its wings, it stirs the air around it and causes it to move indifferent directions. Scientist found in the study that the air creates an upward-moving wave at the tips of the wings, which means that if a bird flies around the wingtips of another bird, it can get a boost from the rising air and therefore use less energy to stay in the air. Apart form the "free ride" strategy, scientists were also surprised to observe that migrating birds timed their wing beats and adjusted their positions in a very precise way to maximize the lifting effect while avoiding areas where the air move downward. "They're able to sense what's going on from the bird in front, where this 'good air' is coming from and now how to position themselves perfectly in it," lead researcher Steven Portugal told BBC. In fact, the "V" formation has long thought to help birds fly more efficiently . A previous study showed that birds' heart rates went down when they were flying together in a "V" formation. Jet fighters were also found to be able reduce their energy use by up to 18% by staying near the wingtips of other jet fighters. Both of these findings led scientists to suspect that the "V" formation had an efficiency purpose, but until now they still lack proof. "For scientists, the new study provides an insight into an interesting natural phenomenon. But it could mean even more for aircraft companies -- helping them understand how they can _ that with their plane formations to save fuel, said Portugal." What is the significance of the new study according to this article?
|
[
"It might inspire aircraft companies to think of ways to improve efficiency.",
"It has proved that the \"V\" formation can improve in efficiency in many fields,",
"It has led scientists to discover that birds' heart rates go down when they fly in a \"V\".",
"It shows that the best formation of jet fighters in battle should be a \"V\" formation."
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Kiss crisis, hug horrors and the UK's handshake headaches Greeting someone, saying goodbye - these situations fill me with unease. You have a second to make a dangerous decision. One peck ? Two pecks? Three? No kisses at all? Why, I think, as I crash into the other person's face, why can't it be as simple as a handshake? A survey by the soap company Radox in May showed one in five Brits now feels a handshake is "too formal", according to the Daily Mail. Some 42 percent said they never shook hands when greeting friends. For one third of people the alternative was a hug, for 16 percent a kiss on the cheek. British people are known to be reserved - unfriendly, some would say. Handshakes used to work for us because we didn't have to get too close. But the super-British handshake is no longer fashionable. We want to be more like our easygoing Mediterranean neighbors who greet each other with kisses and hugs. The trouble is, we still find it a bit awkward. What does a married man do when greeting a married female friend, for example? How should someone younger greet someone older? Guys don't tend to kiss one another; my male friends in Britain go for the "manly hug", taking each other stiffly in one arm and giving a few thumps on the back with words like "Take it easy, yeah?". The biggest questions, if you do decide to kiss, are how many times and which cheek first. Unlike the French, who comfortably deliver three, our cheek-pecks usually end in embarrassed giggling : "Oh, gosh, sorry, I didn't mean to kiss you on the lips, I never know where to aim for first!" But then it's never been easy for us poor, uncomfortable Brits. Even the handshake had its problems: don't shake too hard, but don't hold the other person's hand too limply either, and definitely don't go in with sweaty hands. Maybe it's better to leave it at a smile and a nod. Which does the author think might be the safest form of greeting for a British person?
|
[
"A hug.",
"A smile and a nod.",
"A handshake.",
"A kiss on the cheek."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which question can most likely be determined through a scientific investigation?
|
[
"Who will be the winner of the next lottery?",
"What football team will win the next game?",
"What is the amount of light needed to grow tomatoes?",
"Which four types of bird feathers have the prettiest colors?"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Ethan starts to pull the wagon across the yard. To move the wagon at the same speed each time, which friend does Ethan need to pull with a larger force?
|
[
"a friend who weighs 21 pounds",
"a friend who weighs 28 pounds"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Select the temperature shown by this thermometer.
|
[
"115°F",
"80°F",
"55°F"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
You stare at waterfall for a minute or two, and then shift your gaze to its surroundings. What you now see appears to drift upward. These optical illusions occur because the brain is constantly matching its model of reality to signals from the body's sensors and interpreting what must be happening--that your brain must have moved, not the other; that downward motions is now normal, so a change from it must now be perceived as upward motion. The sensors that make this magic are of two kinds. Each eye contains about 120 million rods , which provide somewhat blurry black and white vision. These are the windows of night vision; once adapted to the dark, they can detect a candle burning ten miles away. Color vision in each eye comes from six to seven million structures called cones . Under ideal conditions, every cone can "see" the entire rainbow spectrum of visible color1s, but one type of cone is most sensitive to red, another to green, a third to blue. Rods and cones send their messages pulsing an average 20 to 25 times per second along the optic nerve. We see an image for a fraction of a second longer than it actually appears. In movies, reels of still photographs are projected onto screens at 24 frames per second, tricking our eyes into seeing a continuous moving picture. Like apparent motion, color1 vision is also subject to unusual effects. When day gives way to night, twilight brings what the poet T.S. Eliot called "the violet hour." A light levels fall, the rods become progressively less responsive. Rods are most sensitive to the shorter wavelengths of blue and green, and they impart a strange vividness to the garden's blue flowers. However, look at a white shirt during the reddish light of sunset, and you'll still see it in its "true" color1--white, not red. Our eyes are constantly comparing an object against its surroundings. They therefore observe the effect of a shift in the color1 of illuminating on both, and adjust accordingly. The eyes can distinguish several million graduations of light and shade of color1. Each waking second they flash tens of millions of pieces of information to the brain, which weaves them incessantly into a picture of the world around us. Yet all this is done at the back of each eye by a fabric of sensors, called the retina , about as wide and as thick as a postage stamp. As the Renaissance inventor and artist Leonardo da Vinci wrote in wonder, "Who would believe that so small a space could contain the images of all the universe?" Visual illusions often take place when the image of reality is _ .
|
[
"matched to six to seven million structures called cones.",
"confused in the body's sensors of both rods and cones.",
"interpreted in the brain as what must be the case.",
"signaled by about 120 million rods in the eye."
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Interpersonal Distance With the outbreak of SARS,everyone tried to avoid coming into close contact with each other.In those days,interpersonal distance increased,"close contact" almost became synonymous with "danger",and even children couldn't have close contact with their mothers.Now SARS has disappeared,and we return back to normal living again.Then,how can we do handle interpersonal distance in our everyday lives? Studies show that interpersonal distance can be divided into 4 different types:intimate distance,personal distance,social distance,and public distance. Intimate distance is the interpersonal distance of a person with the people closest to him or her.It ranges from 0 to 45 cm.When a stranger comes within this distance,a person will have strong negative reaction.In crowded buses,strangers usually maintain rigid poses and try to avoid body contact,but couples,lovers,children and their mothers usually lean close to each other.Intimates who aren't able to live close together for a long time can become alienated.Also,touching is also very important.A contrast test shows that the nervous systems of babies who are often caressed by their mothers develop much faster and their weight increases faster,by 47%,than that of other babies. Personal distance ranges from 45 cm to 1 m.People can converse genially at this distance without invading each other's personal space.When friends and acquaintances meet on the street,they usually greet and converse at this distance. Social distance generally ranges from 1 m to 3 m.Among this range,1-2 m is usually the distance in which people deal with private affairs in social activities.For example,when you get money from banks,in order to protect your privacy,other customers are required to stand at least 1 m away from you.2-3.5 m is a farther social distance.Business talks usually occur at this distance.Besides talking,proper eye contact is also indispensable.Otherwise,each side will feel disrespected. Public distance is usually used in public gatherings.It generally ranges from 3.5 m to about 7 m.Beyond this range,people can't communicate using a normal voice.In classrooms,experienced teachers usually leave their lecture platforms to enhance their teaching. Under different cultural contexts,the interpersonal distance differs slightly,but its basic laws are the same.When conversing,people in love lean very close to each other,acquaintances lean closer than strangers,females lean closer than males,and extraverts lean closer than introverts.In life,harmonious interpersonal relationships are set upon proper interpersonal distances,and some conflicts start from improper interpersonal distances. To keep proper interpersonal distance is important because _ .
|
[
"it makes people feel respected or loved",
"it helps to protect privacy",
"wrong interpersonal distance may result in misunderstanding",
"improper interpersonal distance may hurt others"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It seems like every day there's some new research about whether our favorite drinks are good for us. One day, science says a glass of red wine a day will help us live longer. The next day, maybe not. It seems journalists are pretty interested in wine research and the same might be said for coffee. Now there's been a lot of research into whether coffee's good for our health "the results have really been mixed",admits Neal Freedman who led the coffee study and published his findings in a medical journal recently. "There's been some evidence that coffee might increase the risk of certain diseases and there's also been maybe more recent evidence that coffee may protect against other diseases as well". Freedman and his colleagues undertook the biggest study yet to look at the relationship between coffee and health. They analyzed data collected from more than 400,000 Americans ages 50 to 70 participating in the study. "We found that the coffee drinkers had a modestly lower risk of death than the non-drinkers, he said. Here's what he means by "modestly": those who drank at least two or three cups a day were about 10 percent or 15 percent less likely to die for any reason during the 13 years of the study when the researchers looked at specific causes of death, coffee drinking appeared to cut the risk of dying from heart disease, lung disease injuries, accidents and infections. Now, Freedman stressed that the study doesn't prove coffee can make people live longer .A study like this can never prove a cause-and-effect relationship. All it can really do is to point researchers in the right direction for further investigation. And even if it turns out that coffee is really good for you, scientists have no idea why. According to the author, scientists _ .
|
[
"have already proved that coffee is good for human health",
"have a long way to go before they find a way to study coffee",
"have avoided the cause-and-effect approach to study coffee",
"are still unable to figure out why coffee is good for us"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
During the next several weeks I went completely to the wolves. I took a tiny tent and set it up on the shore of bay. The big telescope was set up in the mouth of the tent in such a way that I could observe the wolves by day or night. Quite by accident I had pitched (set up) my tent within ten yards of one of the major paths used by the wolves. Shortly after I had taken up residence one of the wolves came back and discovered me and my tent, but he did not stop or hesitate in his pace. Later, one or more wolves used the track past my tent and never did they show the slightest interest in me. I felt uncomfortable at being so totally ignored. The next day I noticed a male wolf make boundary markers by passing water on the rounds of his family lands. Once I had become aware of the strong feeling of property rights which existed among the wolves, I decided to use this knowledge to make them at least recognize my existence. One evening, after they had gone off for their regular nightly hunt I staked out a property of my own, including a long section of the wolves' path. In order to ensure that my claim would not be overlooked, I made a property mark on stones, dumps of moss, and patches of vegetation with a lot of tea. Before the hunters came back, task was done, and I retired, somewhat exhausted, to observe results. A few minutes later, the leading male appeared. As usual he did not bother to glance at the tent, but when he reached the point where my property line intersected (cut across) the trail , he stopped as suddenly as if he had run into an invisible wall. Cautiously, he extended his nose and sniffed at one of my marked bushes. After a minute of hesitation he backed away a few yards and sat down. Then, he looked directly at the tent and at me. His glare seemed to become more fierce as I attempted to stare him down. The situation was becoming intolerable. To break the impasse I turned my back on the wolf. Then quickly and with an air of decision, he turned his attention away from me and began a systematic tour of the area I had staked out as my own. As he came to each boundary marker he sniffed it once or twice, then carefully placed his mark on the outside of mine. Why did the wolves manage to ignore the author's presence?
|
[
"Because his tent was out of the wolves' estate boundaries.",
"Because the author and the wolves were already good friends.",
"Because they did not know him at all.",
"Because the wolves were afraid of strangers."
] | 0A
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the temperature of a hot day in the desert?
|
[
"48°C",
"48°F"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Solar pumps move liquids continuously from the
|
[
"space",
"glaciers",
"sky",
"ground"
] | 3D
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If a thing reacts in a situation, the most likely reason for the chemical reaction is
|
[
"steam is removed gently",
"upper temps are applied slowly",
"deer are fed tenderly",
"bees are introduced carefully"
] | 1B
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the sentence.
Cellular respiration is a ().
|
[
"physical change",
"chemical change"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which is smoother?
|
[
"concrete sidewalk",
"linen handkerchief"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Scientists invented a liquid that removes grease and keeps the skin soft. How could this discovery most likely be used?
|
[
"to improve dish soap",
"to cure a disease",
"to make clothes",
"to grow plants"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
During the outbreak of 2009-2010 H1N1 or "swine flu", the same virus that caused mild coughing and sneezing in some patients proved deadly for others. It highlighted a medical mystery: why are some people more fit to handle the flu than others? British and American researchers think they have a clue. Reporting on Sunday in the journal Nature, researchers say they've found a gene that influences our ability to fight against flu illness. The gene, called IFITM3, is the "important first line of defense" against the flu, researcher Paul Kellam of Britain's Sanger Institute told Reuters. The IFITM3 protein prevents flu viruses from reproducing in cells. So, if you have a high amount of IFITM3, you're in luck, since it weakens the spread of the virus; a low amount can lead to more rapid viral reproduction, causing severe flu symptoms, according to Kellam. Scientists first found in gene studies that IFITM3 played a role in resistance to flu and other viruses. In experiments in mice, they showed that when mice were raised to lack the IFITM3 gene and then infected with influenza, the animals developed more severe lung infection from flu, compared with mice that had the gene. To figure out the role of IFTTM3 in humans, researchers then studied the IFITM3 genes of 53 patients with the flu in 2009-2010. They found that these patients were more likely to have a variant of the IFITM3 gene -- which makes people more vulnerable to flu -- compared with the general population. According to evidence from large genetic databases, about 1 in 400 people carries this IFITM3 variant, the BBC reports. "Our research is important for people who have this variant as we predict their immune defenses could be weakened to some virus infections," said Kellam. The Findings also suggest that a drug that functions as IFITM3 could help increase resistance to flu and other viruses, including deadly ones like H5N1 flu. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?
|
[
"Why Flu Hits Some People Harder",
"How We Protect Ourselves From Flu",
"How We Get Infected With Flu",
"Why Flu Breaks Out Among People"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What information is needed to calculate the speed of a car?
|
[
"the road conditions and type of tires",
"the type of engine and the amount of gas used by the engine",
"the car length and distance traveled",
"the distance travel"
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Ann is a 13-year-old girl. She doesn't like popular music. One of her friends asks her, "What do you think of Wang Lihong and his popular music?" "Who is Wang Lihong? I don't know him." Ann says, "I like classical music." Her friend looks at her surprisingly and says, "Classical music is for old people. We can't stand it. We like cool things." Ann doesn't know why her friend says that. When she goes home, she talks to her father. "Dad, am I strange?" "I don't think so. Why do you ask that?" "Because my friends can't stand classical music, but I like it." "Never mind , Ann. You don't need to do what other people do. Everyone has different _ . Some of them are popular, but others are not." What does Ann's friends like?
|
[
"Popular music.",
"Cool things.",
"Classical music.",
"Pop singers."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following best explains why the Sun appears to move across the sky every day?
|
[
"The Sun rotates on its axis.",
"Earth rotates on its axis.",
"The Sun orbits around Earth.",
"Earth orbits around the Sun."
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What do these two changes have in common?
plants making food from sunlight, air, and water
cooking a pancake
|
[
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
On June 26, 2000, two scientists, called Francis Collins and Craig Venter, told the world that they could read the whole "map" of the human body: DNA. DNA is something that everybody has, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father, because we get some of their DNA to make our own. People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things named "genes" in our body. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language. In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaci found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell to build its parts. Scientists have now found all the words in the DNA map, but we still do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one "word" means, we can help save more people from several illnesses. Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people. Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information, we might use it in a wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people from getting jobs. Man would have to meet a lot of trouble if DNA technic wasn't limited in use. When did we first know why we look like other people m our family?
|
[
"In 1860",
"In 1953",
"In 1961",
"In 2000"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My parents taught me not to waste food. My mum always found ways to make leftovers taste good. I went to YiLan to learn about some of their special food. As I was there, I learned about the food and the history of the area. I learned that they don't waste food, either, and they use leftovers! Many years ago, there was not enough food for everyone. People learned to cook and eat almost everything. They had to think of ways to make special dishes. One of these dishes is kao zha.It made with leftovers like meat, soup, oil and fat. That might not sound very good, but it does taste good. Today, kao zha is a special dish at big banquets . Another famous dish is called zao bing. It's made with fruit, meat and other things. I really liked it! But I didn't want to eat too much. It has a lot of fat in it. I smelled something burning and I saw smoke, so I found another special food of the YiLan area duck meat. The duck meat is put in a big oven to cook it. Smoke keeps the meat fresh. I don't usually eat meat, but this duck meat was delicious! It tasted sweet. YiLan is a great place with delicious food. I hope I can come back again! The writer learns from her parents _ .
|
[
"nottoeatleftovers",
"toeatgoodfood",
"nottowastefood",
"tomakegoodfood"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The hotter a liquid gets, the faster
|
[
"it turns into animals",
"it transform to gas",
"it turns into seven",
"it turns into frogs"
] | 1B
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Several times each year the Queen gives afternoon tea parties at which guests are served tiny cakes filled with cream from her own cows. Cakes and sandwiches are brought in by footmen, yet you never see the Queen touch a thing. She simply sits beside a big silver plate, pouring cups of tea for everyone and carefully avoiding the cakes. At cocktail parties the Queen moves from group to group, chatting informally, and manages to make one glass of diet drink to last an entire evening. Tours abroad are difficult because hosts seem to believe the warmth of their welcome must be shown with wonderful state banquets . But the Queen has perfected the art of appearing to enjoy her meal without actually eating much. During one visit to the Pacific islands ofprefix = st1 /Tonga, a specially-prepared dinner was arranged in a hut made of wood and bamboo leaves. Deep holes were dug in the ground, filled with hot stones and baby pigs, and the pigs were slowly baked over several days. The Queen looked uneasily at her plate when she discovered a whole roast pig was her serving. Then she became uneasy when a turkey, some meat, bananas and an apple were also carried in for each guest. So she depended on her old favorite trick of talking with her host., King Tupou IV, carrying on a warm conversation. At the same time she pushed her food around her plate and only ate a piece of turkey and some fruit. Reporters traveling with her have noted that the Queen will sometimes seem so carried away by a foreign leader's political chat that she simply never has time to finish a meal before it is time to get up and make her speech. She will lift her fork to swallow a mouthful, then put it down again to make another point, leaving almost all of her meal untouched. What probably is the Queen's art of acting at state dinners?
|
[
"Appearing to enjoy her meal without actually eating much.",
"Drinking Malvern water.",
"Eating a piece of turkey and some fruit.",
"Eating much without being noticed."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some plants, like redwood trees, may live for thousands of years. Some plants, like the black-eyed Susan wildflower, may only live a few weeks. What would these plants most likely have in common in order to survive?
|
[
"using cones for spreading seeds",
"a successful way to reproduce",
"the ability to live in the desert",
"thorns to keep away animals"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
The human skin plays an important role in a variety of organ systems. Which organ system is least likely to have a direct interaction with the skin?
|
[
"digestive",
"excretory",
"immune",
"nervous"
] | 0A
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For thousands of years, people thought of glass as something beautiful to look at. Only recently have they come to think of it as something to look through. Stores display their goods in large glass windows. Glass bottles and jars that hold food and drink allow us to see the contents. Glass is used to make eyeglasses, microscopes, telescopes, and many other extremely useful and necessary objects. Until the Second World War, most of the glass used for optical instruments was imported from Europe. However, during the war Americans could not get European glass, and they were forced to make their own. Therefore, new kinds of glasses were developed that had been previously unknown. These new effects were achieved by mixing other chemical elements with the sand. Some of these new glasses are very strong and can resist many kinds of shocks. Legend has it that a very hard glass was invented by a Roman who showed his discovery to the Emperor. When the Emperor saw the glass he feared that it would become more valuable than gold and sliver, making his treasure worthless. Therefore, he had the glassmaker killed, and the secret was not discovered again for hundreds of years. In the present century, safety glass was invented for use in modern cars and planes. Safety glass is made by placing a layer of plastic between two layers of plate glass. When the outside layer of glass is broken, the pieces do not scatter and injure people. Some glass of the type is strong enough to resist bullets . Although nowadays plastics have replaced glass under conditions where glass might be easily broken, there are new uses being developed, for the greatest advantage of glass is that its component parts are inexpensive and can be found all over the world. Why are new uses of glass being developed?
|
[
"Because glass is not as safe as plastics.",
"Because glass is cheap and easily obtainable.",
"Because glass is not as strong and durable as plastics.",
"Because glass is more and more widely used."
] | 1B
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A timber company is dividing a 10,000 hectare forest into 5 sections. Which unit is most appropriate to use when showing the area of the divided sections?
|
[
"square inches (in.^2)",
"square meters (m^2)",
"square kilometers (km^2)",
"square centimeters (cm^2)"
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Can you imagine a classroom without one thing that has long been considered a necessary part? No notebooks, no textbooks, no test papers. Nor are there any pencils or pens, which always seem to run out of ink at the _ moment. A "Paperless classroom" is what more and more schools are trying to realize. Students don't do any handwriting in this class. Instead, they use hand-sized or specially-designed computers. The teacher downloads texts from Internet libraries and sends them to every student's personal computer. Having computers also means that students can use the Web. They can look up information on any subject they're studying, from maths to social science. A high school teacher, Judy Herrel in Florida, US, described how her class used the Web. "Using a book that's three or four years old is impossible," she said. A paperless classroom is a big step towards reducing the waste of paper. "Think about the money and trees we could save with the computers," she said. But, with all this technology, there's always a risk that the machines will break down. So, in case of a power failure or a technical problem, paper textbooks should still be widely available for these students. The paper textbooks should still be widely available because _ .
|
[
"students won't have trouble with their pens",
"computers may break down sometimes",
"students may not get all information from the Internet",
"paper textbooks may give students more information"
] | 1B
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
TeleNav GPS Navigator TeleNav Talks. You drive. Voice and Onscreen Directions. TeleNav is easy to use. As you drive, TeleNav GPS Navigator will give you all the information you need, such as: *The current street. *The next turn to take. *The next street to turn onto. *The distance remaining before next turn. *The number of miles left on your trip. Along the way, directions will be announced in a clear voice and displayed on your phone. For example, it will say, "Go 1.2 miles and turn right on Elm Street." As you approach the turn, you will hear, "Turn right on Elm Street." TeleNav GPS Navigator will even tell you that the destination is on your left-or right-hand side of the street. Automatic Reroute If you miss a turn or meet the traffic jam--no problem. TeleNav GPS Navigator will quickly update your route and redirect you to your destination. Route Preview Hit the road by previewing your route before you go. You even get the total distance and estimate travel time to your destination. Biz Finder With TeleNav GPS Navigator, it's easy to find restaurants, banks, cafes, hotels and more from over 10 millions points of interest across the US. Search by category, such as "Thai restaurant" and "hotel". Search by name, such as "Thai Basil Cafe" and "Luck Hotel". Once you've found what you are looking for, you can use TeleNav to get driving directions or call ahead to make reservations. Best of all, updates are free and automatic, unlike expensive GPS systems that charge for updates and require manual intervention. Order TeleNav GPS Navigator You Can Get a Favoured Price Now! List Price: $199.99 Price:$142.77&this item ships for FREE with Super Saver Shipping. You Save:28.6% 100% Secure Every transaction on TeleNav.com is guaranteed to be secure. Any personal information you give us will be handled according to our Privacy Policy. Need Help? Questions about your order? Call us at 1-888-353-6288 for help. Buying More Than 10? Call 408-207-4103 to process your order more quickly. Comments from the Users "It's easy to use...the voice that tells you the turn directions--with names and streets--is clear and easy to understand." --Dory Delvin "It's clear that TeleNav helps professionals on the road make the most of their time." --Dale Hein If you buy ten TeleNav GPS Navigators, you can save _ .
|
[
"$142.77",
"$572.2",
"$552.2",
"$420"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Still waiting for little green men to make contact? _ . A leading astronomer has concluded there probably aren't any aliens out there - meaning we are absolutely alone in the universe. Even though there may be tens of thousands of other distant planets similar in size to Earth, the conditions on them are likely to be too hard to support life-forms such as ET. Dr Howard Smith, a senior astrophysicist at Harvard University, believes there is very little hope of discovering aliens and, even if we did, it would be almost impossible to make contact. So far astronomers have discovered a total of 500 planets in distant solar systems - known as extrasolar systems - although they believe billions of others exist. But Dr Smith points out that many of these planets are either too close to the sun or too far away, meaning their surface temperatures are so bad that they could not support life. Others have unusual orbits which cause vast temperature variations, making it impossible for water to exist - the most important thing for life. Dr Smith said, "We have found that most other planets and solar systems are wildly different from our own. It means it is highly unlikely there are any planets with intelligent life close enough for us to make contact." But his suggestions contradict other leading scientists who have claimed aliens almost certainly exist. Only last month Professor Stephen Hawking said the fact that there are billions of galaxies out there made it reasonable to think there were other life-forms in the universe. Researchers from the University of London have recently suggested that aliens could be living on as many as 40,000 other planets. But Dr Smith said: "Any hope of contact has to be limited to a relatively tiny space around the Earth, reaching maybe 1,250 light years out from our planet, where aliens might be able to pick up our signals or send us their own. But communicating would still take decades or centuries." By saying "don't hold your breath", the author advised the reader not to _ .
|
[
"keep silent",
"give up",
"expect so",
"be afraid"
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
"ONE in every 50 Shanghai women has cancer, a total of more than 140,000 women currently living in the city, and cancer statistics are based on citizens with permanent residency ," officials from the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention said ahead of International Women's Day on Friday. However, they said the city's rate of cancer in women was rising slowly along with its rising number of elderly people. Early screening for breast, colorectal and cervical cancers can help prevent 30 percent of cancer cases. Breast, colorectal, lung, gastric and thyroid cancers are the five most common cancer forms among women, with breast cancer accounting for 16 percent of Shanghai's new cases each year and colorectal cancer 13 percent. Cervical cancer, although only the 12th leading cancer in women in Shanghai, is particularly common among women between 25 and 54 years old. Dr Zheng Ying, director of the center's tumor prevention and control department, said , "breast, colorectal and cervical cancers accounted for 32 percent of female cancers". He added, " However, the three types of cancer can be detected and treated properly through early and regular screening. Our main target of women's cancer prevention education this year is breast cancer, cervical cancer and colorectal cancer."The prevention and control of colorectal cancer will be a new public health project this year with the city government promoting a community-based screening program. Experts say women over 20 should examine their breasts every month and have annual clinical checks after the age of 35. Women over 50 should have mammograms(X) every two years. For cervical cancer, women over 20 should be checked every three years. Women over 50 years old should have annual medical checks. Zheng said anyone with a family history of the three types of cancer should be aware of the need for more frequent examinations and early screening. According to the passage, how many Shanghai women have cancer now?
|
[
"about 2800",
"about 2600",
"about3000",
"about2700"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A. You and Me, Baby Reading level: Baby - Grade 1 Hardcover: 40 pages Language: English List Price: $15.95 Price: $12.44 & eligible for FREE Super Saver Shipping on orders over $25. You Save: $3.51 (22%) Availability: In Stock. Ships from and sold by Amazon. com. Gift - wrap available. Only 4 left in stock-order soon(more on the way). Want it delivered Thursday, September 27. B. Ruff! Ruff! Where's Scruff? Reading level: Baby - Preschool Hardcover: 16 pages Language: English Price: $11.16 & eligible for FREE Super Saver Shipping on orders over $25. Availability: In Stock. Sold by Amazon. com. Gift - wrap available. Want it delivered Thursday, September 2. Book Description: It's bath time for Scruff. But does anyone know where he's hiding? Have the cows seen him? Moo - no !How about the pigs? Oink - no ! Looking for that dog is just too tough! But not for toddlers. If they look carefully, they'll find Scruff hiding on every pop - up page ! C. The Giving Tree Reading level: Ages 4 - 8 Hardcover: 64 pages Language: English Price: $11.55 Availability: Sold all year round and choose One - Day Shipping at checkout. Book Description: Once there was a tree... and she loved a little boy. Every day the boy would come to the tree to eat her apples, swing from her branches, or slide down her think... and the tree was happy. D. Where the Wild Things Are Reading level: Ages 6 - 10 Hardcover comic: 62 pages Language: English List Price: $16.95 Price: $11.53 & eligible for FREE Super Saver Shipping on orders over $ 25. You Save: $5.42(32%) Availability: In Stock. Ships from and sold by Amazon. com. Gift - wrap available. Want it delivered Thursday, September 12. Order it at once, and choose One - Day Shipping at checkout. How much will you pay if you order three books named "Where the Wild Things Are?"
|
[
"$16.26",
"$34.59",
"$50.58",
"$75"
] | 1B
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Gray hair is simply a part of the normal aging process, and the rate you go silver is genetically predetermined. Going gray is not associated with earlier death, and premature graying is not, generally speaking, a sign of an illness or ill health in younger adults. There are, however, some specific health conditions associated with gray or white hair, but for most of us, going gray is just a fact of life. Hair color1 comes from the pigment melanin , which determines your individual shade. Hair without any melanin is pure white. The pigment is produced in cells called melanocytes, which inject pigment into the hair. At some point in everyone's lifetime, these cells slow down and eventually stop producing color1. Scientists have yet to identify the exact mechanism by which melanocyte cell death occurs. A study of more than 4,000 women and men from 20 countries determined that about 75% of people between the ages of 45 and 65 have some gray hair. In general, people of European descent gray earliest followed by Asians and Africans. It's interesting to note that a lucky 1 in 10 has no gray hair by retirement age. Beginning at age 30, your chances of having gray hair go up 10-20% per decade. It may feel like you have more grays after a stressful event, but that's probably because middle age is basically a series of anxiety-ridden events. Between working, raising kids, and caring for older parents, the "sandwich" years of 45-65 can be stressful, especially for women. They are also when we naturally start to look older. At this point, there is still no silver bullet to keep away the grays. Which is not among the reasons for hair turning gray according to the passage?
|
[
"Being physically weak.",
"Stress from different sides.",
"Death of melanocyte cell.",
"Genetic factors."
] | 0A
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Computers are good tools .The Internet is also good. But some people spend too much time online. They can't stop. Doctors say this is a new sickness. They call this sickness Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD). People with IAD are online a lot. They spend hours chatting to their friends or playing online games. Many people with IAD spend more time on the Internet than with family or friends. Some people with IAD even quit their jobs! Do you have IAD? Think about these questions:How many hours a day are you online? Is it a lot or a little? When you are not online,are you thinking about playing a computer game or checking your messages? When you are online,do you forget the time? Do you get angry when you can't play a game? If you have IAD,what can you do? Dr. Ivan Goldberg and Dr. Kimberly S.Young have some ideas. First,ask yourself "Why am I online a lot?" Then try to take a break. For example,use the computer or play games twice a week,not every day. In this way,you can have a good social life with other friends. According to the passage,which is NOT a sign of IAD?
|
[
"Quitting your job to spend more time online.",
"Spending time with family and friends.",
"Forgetting the time when you are online.",
"Getting angry when you can't play a game."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Are we getting more stupid? According to Gerald Crabtree, a scientist at Stanford University in the US, we are. You may not want to hear this, but Crabtree believes that human intelligence reached its peak more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then has been going downhill. "If an average Greek from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he or she would be one of the brightest among us," Crabtree told The Guardian. At the heart of Crabtree's thinking is a simple idea. In the past, intelligence was critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death. However, after the spread of agriculture, when our ancestors began to live in dense farming communities, the need to keep their intelligence in peak condition gradually reduced. This is not hard to understand. Most of the time, pressure is what keeps us going - you need the pressure from your teachers to finish your homework; the pressure of looking pretty prompts you to lose weight when summer comes. And the same is also true of our intelligence - if we think less, we become less smart. These mutations are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past 3,000 years. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 2,000 to 5,000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence , there are two or more mutations in each of us. However, Crabtree's theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities, but people today have developed a more diverse intelligence. For example, spearing a tiger doesn't necessarily require more brainpower than playing chess or writing a poem. Moreover, the power of modern education means a lot more people have the opportunity to learn nowadays. "You wouldn't get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago. He just wouldn't exist," Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick, UK, told Live Science. "But now we have people of his intellectual capacity doing things and making insights that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation." What is Crabtree's recent finding according to the article?
|
[
"The Greeks from 1,000 BC could have been the smartest in human history.",
"Our ancient ancestors had no better surviving abilities than we do nowadays.",
"Humans have been getting steadily more intelligent since the invention of farming.",
"Mutations in genes that decide human intelligence have affected the development of intelligence."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists use models that show the features of an atom. A scientist should use a model that
|
[
"was the first to be developed",
"was most recently developed",
"shows the arrangement most clearly",
"shows the details needed for a specific purpose"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
There have been big changes in the attitudes of most parents over the last few years. Physical punishment is banned in schools in most countries, and in many countries, there are moves to ban all physical punishment of children even at home. However, many parents still believe that they have the right to use some physical punishments to deal with certain misbehavior at certain ages. It's easy to find reasons to allow some physical punishments. One issue is that many parents find it very difficult to abandon physical punishment completely. Parents argue that this was the way they were brought up and that it didn't do any harm to them. They believe that for the child's sake they have the right to discipline the child in any way they consider fit, including using some physical punishments. The other one is that physical punishment can be quick and effective. There is not much point reasoning with a screaming child in the supermarket. However, there are several reasons why we should stop using physical punishment. One point is that most parents are not trained to deal with misbehaving children. They don't have enough resources or choices to handle the situation. As a result, they immediately react by hitting the child even if there are other solutions to the problem. Another point is that unless people are challenged or forced to change their belief, they may keep following negative habits. An example is seat belt use --now most people wear seat belts without thinking, while years ago the idea of using seat belts was strange to most people. In the same way, banning physical punishment will force people to change their habits. In conclusion, parents have to change some of their belief and ideas about how children should be raised. It is possible to avoid the use of physical force, and doing so will help us move closer to the dream of removing violence from our society. Many parents won't give up physical punishment because _ .
|
[
"they are disappointed with their children",
"they were brought up just in the same way",
"they don't want to hurt their children badly",
"they don't know what to do with their children"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Of course,the main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of knife and fork,but that's only superficial.Besides,in decent restaurants,you can always ask for a pair of knife and fork,if you find the chopsticks not helpful enough.The real difference is that in the West,you have your own plate of food,while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares.If you are being treated to a formal dinner and particularly if the host thinks you're in the country for the first time,he will do the best to give you a taste of many different types of dishes. The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes,to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes.Soup then will be served (unless in Guangdong style restaurants) to be followed by staple food ranging from rice,noodles to dumplings.If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes,you should say so in good time,for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none of them at all. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western visitor most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food into the plates of their guests.In formal dinners,there are always "public" chopsticks and spoons for this purpose,but some hosts may use their own chopsticks.This is a sign of genuine friendship and politeness.It is always polite to eat the food.If you do not eat it,just leave the food in the plate. People in China tend to over-order food,for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed.When you have had enough,just say so.Or you will always overeat! According to the passage,we can infer that _ .
|
[
"Chinese think it impolite for guests to leave food in the plate.",
"Chinese think it polite to put food into the plated of the guests with their own chopsticks.",
"People in China tend to over-order food,for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed.",
"Chinese all think it impolite for guests to ask for a pair of knife and fork."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Jim Dunbar has been late for work, holidays, meals with friends, left women waiting on first dates and even had to sneak into funerals long after they've begun. The 57-year-old said that his poor timekeeping is down to a medical condition that he was diagnosed with at an appointment at Ninewells Hospital in Dundee, which he was 20 minutes late for. It is thought that the condition is caused by the same part of the brain affected by those who suffer from Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and means Mr Dunbar cannot properly judge how long things take to complete. "I blamed it on myself and thought.Why can't I be on time? I lost a lot of jobs.I can understand people's reaction and why they don't believe me," said Mr Dunbar. Mr Dunbar recently tried to go to the cinema and knowing it could be a problem getting there for a 7 pm showing, he gave himself an 11-hour head start.But he still managed to arrive 20 minutes late. He has a special clock in his living room to make sure that the time it displays is always exactly right, but it doesn't help.He has tried wearing a watch, setting his clocks fast but still hasn't found a solution. "I've been late for funerals and slipped in and hid at the back of the hall.I arranged to pick my friend up at midday to go on holiday and was four hours late.He was angry because we had booked a ferry and everything.A friend invited me for a meal and I was more than three hours late.It has affected my entire life." But some experts are skeptical about Mr Dunbar's diagnosis. "The condition isn't in the DSM5 (the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) so I'm not sure you can really call it a condition," said Dr Sheri Jacobson."Repeated lateness is usually a symptom of a condition such as ADHD or depression but it can also just be habit.I think making everyday human behaviour into a medical condition is unwise." Sheri Jacobson thinks .
|
[
"it is impossible to be late all the time",
"Mr Dunbar is always in a depressed state",
"Mr Dunbar must suffer from a medical condition",
"it is not right to regard a daily action as an illness"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Will there be a time in our lives when cars don't crash? When we can just sit back and relax and our cars will drive themselves. Auto technology experts say "yes". And they say that some of those advances may happen quicker than you might think. They will require the users to input the name of the destination or the complete address of the location that they want to go and the cars' artificial intelligence takes them there automatically without a driver. They will run on solar power in the daytime and ethanol fuel at night. Toyota, BMW and Honda will completely control the trade of driverless car business together and will have the cheapest driverless cars. Fossil fuels will be completely incompatible with these cars. Driverless cars will not require a driver's license of any grade to operate. Anyone with basic literacy and computer skills who are at least 16 years of age will be legally allowed to operate the vehicle with absolutely no restrictions. This would give the young users permission to operate the driverless cars on major highways as well as secondary roads without needing a separate classification. In addition to all this, drunken people will be able to use their own automobiles to return home because they are not "driving" the vehicle. What's more, car insurance will become _ because there will be no more automobile accidents after the year 2025. This is because the driverless car will have all safety methods in place by the car's artificial intelligence to prevent automobile accidents. Global positioning systems will become mandatory in all newly-manufactured cars after 2010, and will be the most important part in the driverless car. What will prevent the driverless car from crashing?
|
[
"Artificial intelligence.",
"Global positioning systems.",
"The people inside.",
"Car insurance."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A house is built in a desert, where there is no electricity and very little wind. Which action could lead to operating the electrical appliances in the house that would cause the least amount of environmental pollution?
|
[
"constructing a small hydroelectric plant",
"placing solar panels on the roof of the house",
"using gasoline generators",
"burning coal or wood"
] | 1B
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We often use the words growth and development as if they meant essentially the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income (growth) with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens (development). In the past, most development policies were aimed increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many still are, based on the theory that benefits of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should promote development. By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than a decade of rapid growth in underdeveloped countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population. The World Bank study indicated that increases in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did indeed rise, its benefits come down to only a small part of the population. This realization gave rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favored agriculture over industry, called for domestic redistribution of income and wealth, and encouraged programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession, and third world debt forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. However, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefits that reach most of a nation's people. The programs designed to get rid of poverty were not very well carried out because the government
|
[
"knew that growth didn't promise development.",
"gave too much attention to increases in GNP per capita.",
"wished to replace the programs with new development policies.",
"was busy solving other more serious economic problems."
] | 3D
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If a snake bites you, take a photo with your mobile phone! It save your life. This is the surprising advice of a British cook. One day Henry Jackson was working in a restaurant kitchen. He picked up a dish from a table, and suddenly a snake appeared and bit him on the hand. A few days earlier, the snake came to the restaurant from Asia in a box of bananas. It climbed out of the box and hid under the dish. " I tried to pick it up and it bit me. I threw it away, but it landed in the fridge. So I closed the door." Jackson said. Anyway, Jackson was cool and he took a photo of the snake with his mobile phone. Soon his hand began to ache and he went to hospital. Then his chest began to hurt. Doctors couldn't say what was wrong because they didn't know what kind of snake it was. Then Jackson remembered his mobile phone photo. The doctors sent it to London Zoo. When they knew the kind of snake, they could give Jackson the right medicine, and he left hospital the next day. " So my advice is this: If a snake bits you, pick up your phone. Take its photo first and then call the hospital. Show the photo to the doctors," suggests Mr. Jackson. " Oh, and if the snake doesn't smile for its photo, don't worry!" The text tells us if we are in danger and have a phone with us, it will help us to do _ thing.
|
[
"one",
"two",
"three",
"four"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The computers changed our lives in the 1980s, the Internet changed our lives in the 1990s, and the robots will change our lives in the new century. Do you think there will be robots in people's homes? It's not a dream that every home will have a robot. Now, robots are not only able to help people do the housework, they can also help the doctors do the difficult operations, play chess with people, play the piano and so on. A new cooking robot is used in Beijing. It can cook all the dishes on the menu, you only need to wait two to four minutes, in the future, the robot will be a nurse, a security guard, or a partner in your life. Experts believe robots will be used everywhere from the industrial( ) robots to service robots. In the future, robots will become part of the family, and provide else service for people. We all look forward to the new robot age. Which is the best title of the passage?
|
[
"The computers changed our lives",
"Robots can cook",
"Robots are coming",
"Robots will be doctors"
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Last summer, when Amanda R of Anaheim Hills, California, was running on a cross-country course with her team, she blacked out. "I got really dizzy," she says. "I was out for a few minutes." At first, Amanda thought she was just tired and didn't think she had a health problem. She did go to the emergency room, where she was fine after tests, but she fainted again several days later as she was talking with her coach. Another doctor guessed that Amanda had blacked out "because we were in heat so much with not enough water and not enough of the right kind of foods". Teens often don't want to stop and take a break or don't notice when they start to feel bad, doctors say. However, paying attention if you're not feeling well is important, as Amanda learned. As a result, Amanda has changed her habits. "I drink a lot more water," she says. "And put more salt in my diet. I'm eating more balanced meals." Amanda advises teen athletes to trust their coaches and speak up when they're not feeling well. "And recognize the difference between when you're tired and when there's something really wrong." Some people - up to 3 percent of the population - sweat too much, even in cold weather. The condition, called hyperhidrosis , can affect many parts and it often runs in families - hands down from generation to generation. Too much sweating over the whole body could be a symptom of another medical condition. Doctors aren't sure what causes hyperhidrosis, but using special medications or other treatments can help. The purpose of writing this passage is to _ .
|
[
"tell teens the proper ways to take exercise in summer.",
"tell teens not to run in hot summer.",
"tell teens to pay attention to hyperhidrosis in the summer exercise",
"tell teens how to keep healthy."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many people believe that you lose the ability to learn new languages as you get older. Language experts, however, will tell you that you're never too old to learn a new language. As you get older, it can be more difficult to learn a new language, though. Children and adults learn new languages in different ways. For children, language is their life. They study for thousands of hours every year, because they need to learn languages to become part of their communities. Adults, on the other hand, are already part of a language community. Learning a new language means becoming part of another language community, and adults rarely get the chance to practice as much as young children do. Moreover, children learning a new language are expected to make mistakes. This gives them freedom when learning to be daring and confident. Adults, however, often feel pressured to be perfect when learning a new language. This can discourage many people and make it even harder to learn a new language. When young children learn a new language, they come to see various languages as a "normal" part of society. This mindset helps them embrace learning a new language without feeling like they're doing something unusual or "too hard". So if you want to learn a new language, go for it! It's never too late to learn a new language. If you're older, it may take more work, but it can be done. If you're a young child, though, now is the time to step out and learn a new language! By "Language is their life", the author means that children _ .
|
[
"can't live without language",
"lead a happy life every day",
"practice a new language a lot",
"are taken good care of adults"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How does repeating an experiment improve the likelihood of obtaining accurate results?
|
[
"Data can be compared.",
"Time can be decreased.",
"Equipment can be added.",
"Procedures can be changed."
] | 0A
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
To use energy from the Sun to power household appliances, the solar energy must be converted to
|
[
"heat energy.",
"light energy.",
"nuclear energy.",
"electrical energy."
] | 3D
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem. As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today's ly high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs. For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor people are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old the normal retirement age. Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job. Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer. At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line. Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer. Then it is more likely that they can find jobs. Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non-poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. Since 1975 over 18 million people in the United States have received welfare per year. Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living. We may conclude from the passage that _ .
|
[
"better solutions to the poverty problem are not yet found",
"welfare will enable people to be rich",
"poor people will go out of the poverty line if they have chances to do business",
"employment is the best solution to the poverty problem"
] | 0A
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the United States ,the biggest change in spending has been in the amount spent on food ,which has decreased from 46% of the total family budget in 1901 to 19% of present day totals .This is due to the fact that people are now able to buy more and better foods at lower prices. As a result of the growth in fast-food restaurants (for example, McDonad's or KFC), more people are also eating out. Thus about 30% of today's food budget goes on meals eaten outside the home while a hundred years ago it was only 3%. At the beginning of the 20th century, few people owned their homes (only around 19% of working families )and cars (at $ 1,000 per car this was well above the average family income of $ 650 per year) , as most people were unable to borrow money. But there was a rapid rise in both home and car ownership during the mid-1900s. Free time increased considerably following the shortening of the working week, i. e. from six days to five ,and from ten hours to eight hours a day. In fact, the working day couldn't be too long, otherwise people wouldn't have the time to spend their money. The amount of a family's budget spent on outside entertainment ,such as parties, films and concerts has increased from just under 6% in Ford's day to about 9% today. On the other hand, we spend only a quarter of what our great-grandparents paid for reading materials. It is difficult to see how our spending patterns may change in the future. We already know that our population is aging and this will have an effect on the amount of money we spend on medical care. On which of the following did people spend less money than before?
|
[
"Shopping.",
"Reading.",
"Traveling.",
"Family gatherings."
] | 1B
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For 40 years, the people of London have been happy to discover in their parks a bird that seems to have made its way from the Himalayas to the capital of England. With its shocking green body, red mouth, long tail and noisy screech , the rose-ringed parakeet brought a vivid colour to parks in and around London. However, the parakeets are no longer welcome. The government has suddenly woken up to the fact that there are many more parakeets in and around London making life harder for the local bird population. Government experts put the number of parakeets at around 30,000. They fear that if the number of parakeets keeps rising, these birds will push out local birds like wood-peckers, starlings and nuthatches from trees to build their own nests. Not only that. According to an online report by The Independent, the parakeets will then also get control of most of the food available in the parks -- seeds, berries, fruit and nuts. The local bird population will then have a hard time staying alive. An organization called the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) has asked the government to investigate what kind of a threat the parakeet brings to local birds. If the government decides that these birds are indeed a threat to local birds, steps will be taken to control the number of parakeets. The most surprising thing about the case of the rose-ringed parakeet is that no one quite knows how the parakeets came from India and started breeding in areas around London. People are not certain _ .
|
[
"where the parakeets live",
"how the parakeets breed",
"how they flew to London",
"when they started living in London"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A statue and a table are both made of the same type of marble. Which of the following properties will most likely be the same for both of these objects?
|
[
"size",
"shape",
"weight",
"hardness"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Many people rely on a cup of coffee or two to wake them up in the morning or refresh them during the working day, but now a chemist has come up with a speedy alternative to drinking coffee. U.S. biochemist Ben Yu has created 'Sprayable Energy', which claims to be the world's first caffeine - based topical energy spray. He said tired workers can spray a 'shot' of caffeine onto their skin without experiencing a strong noise, taking in unnecessary calories or being stuck with a nasty aftertaste like they might get from drinking energy drinks or coffee. The tasteless caffeine spray is absorbed through the skin and spread through the body over a number of hours to deliver a caffeine hit that lasts longer than drinking a cup of coffee. The only active ingredient in the spray is caffeine, which is very similar to nicotine in structure. Each spray 'Sprayable Energy' contains around a quarter of the amount of caffeine found in a cup of coffee, but apparently has the same effect as a full cup. The website said: "The reason for this is our product isn't entirely metabolized by the liver before entering your system and becoming available to your body." Sprayable Energy's website recommends that users apply the spray in places where they normally spritz perfume, such as wrists, the neck or behind the ears, but warns users not to exceed 20 times a day. It claims that after spraying the product on the skin, users will feel awake and focus without being over-excited, which is common with coffee and energy drinks. What can we infer from the text?
|
[
"\"Sprayable Energy\" contains caffeine as well as nicotine.",
"The liver can metabolize in caffeine before it enters your system.",
"Whenever you feel tired, you can spray the product.",
"After spraying \"Sprayable Energy\", you'll get rid of tiredness."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy by using a conducting metal loop turning in a
|
[
"magnetic field.",
"gravitational field.",
"steel sphere.",
"copper sphere."
] | 0A
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Being able to enjoy eating Mideastern dates in a small town in the USA is possible because
|
[
"transporting food became easier, cheaper, and quicker",
"transporting food pays better",
"transported food tastes great",
"fresh food is better than transported food"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Three boys, Tom, Sam and Jim bought seventeen apples. Tom wanted the half . Sam wanted one-third ,and Jim wanted one-ninth * But they didn't know how to do. Just at that time,a little boy came with an apple in his hand. The boy said to them, "Don't worry. Let me help you" Then he put his apple into their apples, and made the number of the apples eighteen. Then he gave Tom nine apples, he gave Sam six apples,and he gave Jim two apples. He gave away seventeen apples and took his apple back. The three boys were very happy. And they said: "How clever the boy is!" ,. There were _ apples when the three boys divided them.
|
[
"fifteen",
"sixteen",
"seventeen",
"eighteen"
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Teaching and research are supported by the University's extensive collections--the Yale University Art Gallery, the Yale Center for British Art, the Peabody Museum of Natural History, and the Collection of Musical Instruments. All the collections are open to the public. Yale University Art Gallery The Yale University Art Gallery, founded in 1832, today houses a collection that has grown to rank with those of the major public art museums in the United States. Its two connected buildings house ancient, medieval, and Renaissance art, Near and Far Eastern art, archaeological material from the University's excavations , Pre-Columbian and African art, works of European and American masters from actually every period, and a rich collection of modern art. Across the street, the Yale Center for British Art, which was opened in 1977, holds the largest collection of British art and illustrated books anywhere outside the United Kingdom. Peabody Museum of Natural History Yale's Peabody Museum of Natural History, founded in 1866, contains one of the great scientific collections in North America. Among its holdings are the University's comprehensive mineralogical and ornithological collections, the second-largest repository of dinosaur artifacts in the United States, and the largest undamaged Apatosaurus (Brontosaurus ) in the world. The Peabody is truly a working museum, where public exhibition, research, conservation, teaching, and learning intersect . Yale Center for British Art Institutions like the Art Gallery, the Center for British Art, and the Peabody Museum hold only a portion of the treasures in the University's collections. From paintings by Picasso, to pterodactyl remains, to a 1689 tenor viol in the Collection of Musical Instruments, Yale's possessions are meant to be accessible to the communities they enrich. Collection of Musical Instruments Exhibitions are also frequently mounted at the following venues on campus: Art + Architecture Gallery (School of Architecture), Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Green Hall Gallery (School of Art), and Sterling Memorial Library, including the Arts of the Book Collection. Which of the following cannot be found in the Yale University Art Gallery?
|
[
"Near and Far Eastern art.",
"Pre-Columbian and African art",
"British art and illustrated books.",
"Works of European and American masters."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
One morning, a blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a hat by his feet. He held up a sign which said, "I am blind. Please help me." There were only a few coins in the hat. A man was walking by. He took out a few coins from his pocket and dropped them into the hat. He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote something on it. He put the sign back so that everyone who walked by could see the new words. Soon the hat began to fill up. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked, "Are you the one who changed my sign this morning? May I know what you wrote?" The man said, "I only wrote the truth, I said what you said but in a different way." What he had written was, "Today is a beautiful day but I cannot see it." Of course both signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign simply said the boy was a blind. The second sign told people they were so lucky that they were not blind. It reminded you to be thankful for what you have. When life gives you a 100 reasons to cry, show life that you have 1,000 reasons to smile. Face your past without regret. Handle your present with confidence. Prepare for the future without fear. Keep the faith and drop the fear. The most beautiful thing is to see a person smiling. We can learn from the text that the man helped the blind boy by _ .
|
[
"sitting together with him",
"rewriting the sign",
"teaching him some principles",
"raising money for him"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Every person is unique and so are our sleep needs. But in today's busy world, how much sleep should we be getting each night? Research suggests that most healthy adults need seven to nine hours of sleep each night. Children and teens need even more sleep than adults. The following is a breakdown of the recommended number of hours of sleep people need by age: INFANTS (0 to 2 months): .........................15 to 18 hours (2-12 months): ...........................14 to 15 hours CHILDREN (12-18 months): ........................13 to 15 hours (18 months-3 years): .................12 to 14 hours (3-5 years): ................................11 to 13 hours (5-12 years): ...............................9 to 11 hours TEENS (13-19 years): .............................8.5 to 9.5hours ADULTS (more than 20 years): .................7 to 9 hours As children grow, they go through many changes, including changes in sleep. Children and teens, like adults, need a regular sleep and wake timetable, even on weekends. Sleep should follow a relaxing bedtime plan. The bedroom should be cool, dark and quiet. Getting a good night's rest may become more difficult as they grow older because of more responsibilities and activities, the influence of TV, computers and so on. However, sleep is still an important part of teens' health and overall quality of life. So, how do teens measure how much sleep they need? If a teen has trouble staying awake during school, they probably are not getting enough quality sleep. Most sleep problems are treatable. If teens are having trouble in getting enough sleeps they need, it is important to see a doctor or other health experts. For good sleep, the bedroom should be _ .
|
[
"clean and tidy",
"wet and noisy",
"cool, dark and quiet",
"warm and quiet"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Plants can't communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds ---- chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower's sweet smell, for example, comes from such volatile compounds to attract insects such as bugs and bees. Plants can also discover volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insets, for instance, may give off these chemicals in order to let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off their chemicals to keep the bugs away ---- or even chemicals that will attract the bugs' natural enemies. Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor called an "electronic nose". The "e-nose" can tell such compounds as plants make. When plants are attacked, scientists say, the e-nose could help quickly decide whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today, the only way to spot such insects is to inspect individual plants by observing them. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, including those that can house thousands of plants. The research team is working with an e-nose that can recognize volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds based on the interactions , and then the e-nose will give off electronic signals that the scientists can analyze by using computer software. To test the e-nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all being common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of the air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged either by insects or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch . The e-nose, it turns out, can identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves. With some fine-tuning , a device like the e-nose can one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this can also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, India, who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device can bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can _ .
|
[
"pick out ripe fruits quite expertly",
"spot the insects in a very quick way",
"tell different damages to leaves",
"recognize unhealthy tomato leaves"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What causes a free falling object to accelerate?
|
[
"inertia",
"gravity",
"initial speed",
"initial direction"
] | 1B
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Eat,drink and be merry. That's what Spring Festival is all about. But there are millions of people,too,who love to let happiness go up in smoke. Offering cigarettes to guests is a traditional Chinese way of showing respect for them. A cup of tea and cigarettes are perhaps the most common way of welcoming a guest in China,especially during festive occasions. No wonder,40 percent of the people surveyed recently said they would smoke at least twice the usual number of cigarettes during the Spring Festival because of all those gatherings and parties. Only 20 percent of the respondents said they would refuse a cigarette when offered one. Why can't the others do the same?Because they could be seen as being rude,said more than half of the respondents. Fifteen percent feared they could be taken as "someone who cannot get along well with others". The Think tank Research Center for Health Development and sohu.com survey shows 61 percent Chinese think offering a cigarette is useful for socializing,and 52 percent have offered cigarettes to others. The study surveyed 3,800 people,64 percent of them men. One third of those surveyed were smokers,out of which 57 percent said they couldn't give up smoking because of the offering and accepting culture. "People have accepted offering cigarettes as an effective way of making friends," research center director Wu Yiqun says. China has more than 350 million smokers,catering to the tobacco market that is worth 500 billion yuan. "The survey shows we still have a lot of work to do," Wu says. "Since Beijing is trying to make the Olympic Games smoke free,it is time to let people know that offering a cigarette is a bad habit and it should be given up immediately." We can infer from the passage that _ .
|
[
"people will be free to smoke during the Beijing Olympic Games",
"only a few smokers still have the habit of offering cigarettes",
"offering cigarettes is the most effective way for socializing",
"some nonsmokers will even accept the offered cigarettes"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A teacher builds a model of a hydrogen atom. A red golf ball is used for a proton, and a green golf ball is used for an electron. Which is not accurate concerning the model?
|
[
"number of particles",
"relative mass of particles",
"types of particles present",
"charges of particles present"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
The researchers, led by Hwang Woo-suk, insist they cloned an Afghan hound, only to help investigate human disease, including the possibility of cloning stem cells for treatment purposes. But others immediately renewed calls for a global ban on human reproductive cloning before the technology moves any farther. "Successful cloning of an increasing number of species confirms the general impression that it would be possible to clone any species of mammals, including humans," said Ian Wilmut, a reproductive biologist at the University of Edinburgh who produced the first cloned mammal, Dolly the sheep, from an adult cell nearly a decade ago. Researchers have since cloned cats, goats, cows, mice, pigs, rabbits, horses, deer, mules and gaur, a large wild ox of Southeast Asia. So far, efforts to clone a monkey or another primate with the same techniques have failed. Uncertainties about the health and life span of cloned animals continue to exsist; Dolly died at a young age in 2003 after developing cancer and arthritis. Wilmut and others _ Hwang's achievement, reported Wednesday in the journal Nature. But they said politicians and scientists must face the larger issue -- how to go on with the research without crossing the moral boundary of copying human life in the lab. "The ability to use the technology is hopeful," said Robert Schenken, president of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. "However, the paper also points out that in dogs as in most species, cloning for reproductive purposes is unsafe." The cloned puppy was the lone success from more than 100 dogs implanted with more than 1,000 cloned embryos. In a news conference in Seoul, the cloning team also condemned the reproductive cloning of humans as "unsafe and inefficient." Human reproductive cloning already is banned in South Korea. Other nations, including the United States, are divided on whether to ban just human cloning or cloning of all kinds, including the production of stem cells. The cloning of human beings is banned in _ .
|
[
"South Korea",
"the United States",
"both South Korea and the United States",
"neither South Korea nor the United States"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is the Golden Gate Bridge?
|
[
"2,750 meters",
"2,750 millimeters",
"2,750 centimeters",
"2,750 kilometers"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Some of the new cars being made can run on a renewable fuel that is made mostly from corn. Scientists are developing even more renewable fuels to replace gasoline. Why are renewable fuels most likely becoming more important?
|
[
"Renewable fuels release less energy.",
"Car fuel tanks are being made smaller.",
"The demand for gasoline is decreasing.",
"Nonrenewable fuel supplies are limited."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When someone walks into a room wearing bright colours, everyone seems to take notice. Beautiful bright colours can easily draw our attention. Fresh roses can cheer us up when we're feeling blue. Dressing up in colourful clothing can bring us into a more positive mood. What shall I wear today? What colour should I choose? Dressing yourself for the day is quite important whether you know it or not. Our moods often show what our bodies end up wearing. When you look in the mirror after you dress, train yourself to notice how you feel when you see yourself. Notice your mood. If you are not feeling yourself, could the colour of what you are wearing irritate your nervous system? Did you never notice that before? We all know that dark colours can tell lies. They can make you look and feel older than you really are. That is why baby clothes never come in dark colours. To the mind, dark colours seem easier to hold power, but to the heart and feeling level, they don't help your heart to open. Bring happy colours and happiness to go hand in hand. Bright happy colours open your heart, calming your nervous system. Some advice: If you work around people who wear black, try to find a happy colour to look at to replace the picture of dark colours in your mind. At night, wear soft clothes in light colours to help your nervous system calm down and smooth it out, preparing yourself for sleep. Don't dress children in dark colours because their nervous systems are just beginning to feel. Which of the following sentences is NOT right?
|
[
"We should dress children in dark colours.",
"Fresh roses can cheer us up when we're feeling blue.",
"Dark colours can tell lies.",
"Dressing yourself for the day is quite important."
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A developer edition of Sony's augmented reality smart glasses will go on sale in ten countries next month, the tech giant has announced. Pre-orders for the SmartEyeglass, costing $840 (PS620), are now being taken in the UK and Germany, with Japan and the US to follow shortly. The black-framed glasses are compatible with recent Android operating systems. Last month Google announced that it was withdrawing its smart glasses for redevelopment. Sony's initial model will come with a software development kit to encourage people to design apps for it, the company said. The glasses, which weigh 77g, contain an accelerometer, gyroscope, compass, image and brightness sensors, 3-megapixel camera and a microphone. They also come with a controller, designed to be attached to clothing, which contains a speaker, touch sensor and the device's battery. Text is displayed in front of the wearer in monochrome green. Apple chief executive Tim Cook has been open about his dislike of glasses as a wearable device. "We always thought that glasses were not a smart move, from a point of view that people would not really want to wear them," he told the New Yorker. "They were intrusive , instead of pushing technology to the background, as we've always believed." Stuart Miles, founder of tech site Pocket-lint, said: "I think [Sony is] wasting their time, energy and effort." "Google Glass obviously needed a complete rethink... I can't see how something thick-rimmed and more invasive-looking than Google Glass is going to catch on. "People are keen on wearables like fitness bands and watches, but they care about their faces. Wearing something on your head is a lot stronger than wearing something on your arm," he added. "The industry keeps pushing it but consumers just don't want it." The purpose of this passage is to _ .
|
[
"introduce an accelerometer developed by the Google company",
"tell the people that the SmartEyeglass will go on sale",
"people like the glasses very much",
"the SmartEyeglass is less than 840 yuan"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Every kid wishes to be an adult. Do you remember playing houses as a child pretending to be a grownup like your parents? Did you imagine you were a doctor, a soldier or a teacher? At that time, anything seemed more exciting than young. But now as grownups, some adults find they cannot leave childhood behind. They become "kidults"(kid+adult). Being a kidult has become a lifestyle choice among young people across Asia. Some kidults collect toys they once played with. Hello Kitty, Garfield, and Snoopy have many adult fans around the world. It is not unusual to see a 20something woman with a big, Garfieldshaped cushion on her sofa or a Hello Kitty mobile phone accessory . Other kidults still enjoy children's stories and fairy tales. For example, even an edition of the Harry Potter novels with an adult cover came out in Britain. That way, no one else on the subway will know that an adult is actually reading a children's book! "Kidults can be like vitamins to society. Adults who value their childhood and hold on to pure, childlike emotion may be needed in such a rough and dry society," said a professor in a Korean University. He added that kidult culture might fill the generation gap between adults and kids. It could give children and their parents books, movies, and cartoon shows to enjoy together. Tim Greenhalgh, a professor in London explained that some kidults just refuse to grow up. They cling to childhood because life in a busy and stressful city frightens them. Kidults would like to forget their age and openly show their fear of society and adulthood. "So, they look for an escape from increasingly complex and stressful life that are hard to deal with," Greenhalgh said. We can learn from the passage that kidults are _ .
|
[
"children who can't wait to grow up",
"grownups who hold on to childlike emotion",
"people who enjoy playing sports",
"young people who pretended to be grownups when young"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Corn and wheat are among the favorite foods of
|
[
"humans",
"grizzly bears",
"fish",
"aliens"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Having just quit a highly moneymaking job with tech giant Microsoft in the United States,where he'd made millions working as a program manager, _ What Awuah wanted was to create a university in his native Ghana.a state-of-the-art education centre that would help educate the country's next generation of leaders.Awuah moved with his family,back to Ghana.There,he invested his own money and with the help of other donors he founded Ashesi University. "Africa needs to have a renaissance ," says Awuah as he explained what drove him to take the risky decision."The world needs to change in this way and I strongly believe that people like me need to be part of the solution;I need to be really actively involved in helping to drive this change in Africa'' Located about an hour's drive from the capital Accra,Ashesi,which appropriately translates to "beginning," is the first Ghanaian university to combine technical majors with a liberal arts approach.Its campus,set on 100 acres in a town called Berekuso,was designed to be inspiring for the more than 500 young Ghanaians studying there. "So when I look at universities I see Africa fast--forward 30 years.When this 20-year-old is now in his or her 50s,that person is going to be a leader." Today Ashesi,which celebrates its 10th anniversary this year,offers degrees in business, information systems and computer science.There are plans to offer engineering and economics majors in the near future.The school's graduation rate is between 70%and 90%,according to Awuah. In our last freshman class,50% of the students paid full tuition ,25%were on full scholarships and 25%on partial scholarships ,"he said."The reason why variety is so important is that the most important conversation on campus is a conversation about the good society--what is the good society we would like to see in Africa? That conversation is a lot more interesting if you have variety in the classroom,"adds Awuah. . The university founded by Awuah _ .
|
[
"came into being 10 years ago",
"was named with \"beginning\"",
"is located in the capital of Ghan",
"will be run for 30 years"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What do the energy resources uranium and coal have in common?
|
[
"They both are formed from the remains of dead organisms.",
"They both are acquired by mining the lithosphere.",
"They both release energy through combustion.",
"They both generate radioactive wastes."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Select the one true statement.
|
[
"The nucleus of a plant cell does not have chromosomes.",
"The cell membrane stores nutrients, water, and waste in a plant cell.",
"The Golgi is outside the nucleus in a plant cell."
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
The human body has hundreds of muscles. The three types are skeletal muscles, smooth muscles and cardiac, or heart muscles. Each kind of muscle has a special job to do. The skeletal muscles are attached to the bones; they actually hold the skeleton together. Strong cords, called tendons , help connect these muscles to the bones. Skeletal muscles give us strength and allow us to move in many ways. If you look at skeletal muscles through a microscope, you will see that it has bands of fibers that look like stripes . These stripes are called striations. Skeletal muscles usually move because the brain has sent a conscious message to them telling them what to do. This is called voluntary movement. Another type of muscle is smooth muscle. Unlike skeletal muscle, smooth muscle does not have striations. This is found in organs such as the stomach, the bladder , the lungs and the eyes. Smooth muscles are smaller than the skeletal muscles and they move involuntarily. The brain tells these muscles what to do, but we aren't even aware of it. For example, we don't have to think about breathing or digesting food. The smooth muscles just do their jobs automatically. For this reason smooth muscles are sometimes called involuntary muscles. Like smooth muscle, cardiac muscle also works involuntarily. It is a very thick muscle that is found only in the walls of the heart. Its job is to pump blood out of the heart and into blood vessels called arteries . The arteries help carry the blood to all parts of the body. When the cardiac muscles relax, they let blood back into the heart. Cardiac muscles have striations, just like skeletal muscles do. Skeletal muscles and heart muscles are alike because _ .
|
[
"both can move voluntarily",
"both are thick muscles",
"both are bigger than smooth muscles",
"both have stripes called striations"
] | 3D
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When talking about colds, maybe some people say it is very common. During the cold winter days, many people will complain the cold winter makes them catch a cold, and what they feel upset are not only the headache, cough but also the runny nose. It is so embarrassing when they forget to take a handkerchief or tissue along with them. Want to stay away from colds? Put on a happy face. Compared to unhappy people, those who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study. It's possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from New York University. "It seems that positive feelings may reduce the danger of illness," said the study's chief researcher Sheldon Cohen. In an earlier study, Cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds less often. People _ were also less likely to tell their doctors that they felt ill. In this study, Cohen has interviewed 193 adults every day for two weeks. During the interviews, the people told researchers that they were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days. The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get ill. But for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time. Cohen believes that when people experience positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical that helps fight illness and disease. So if you are worried about your health, look on the brighter side more often. According to Cohen, which of the following may help fight illness?
|
[
"Eating.",
"Laughing",
"Crying",
"Sleeping."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A student reaches one hand into a bag filled with smooth objects. The student feels the objects but does not look into the bag. Which property of the objects can the student most likely identify?
|
[
"shape",
"color",
"ability to reflect light",
"ability to conduct electricity"
] | 0A
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do you suffer from cybersickness? The rise of mobile phones has been blamed for a number of social ills, but your smart phone may also be making you physically sick as well. Scientists have identified a condition called "cybersickness", which they say is the digital version of motion sickness. The phenomenon, which affects up to 80 percent of the population who own smart phones or tablets, leads to feelings of sickness and unsteadiness. It is caused by seeing fast motion on a screen, which covers anything from a car chase in a film to scrolling through web pages on your phone. The more realistic the visual content appears to you, the higher your chances of getting cybersickness are . The condition was identified in a piece in the New York Times in which British and US experts said that it needed solving. Motion sickness leaves sufferers feeling ill because they feel movement in your muscles and your inner ear but do not see it. The mismatch in digital sickness is the opposite--you see movement on the screen but do not feel it. The effect is the same and the symptoms include a headache, wanting to throw up, confusion and the need to sit down. Often cybersickness shows itself in a subtle way and sufferers put it down to stress or eyestrain. Steven Rauch, a professor of otolaryngology at Harvard Medical School, said: "Your sense of balance is different from other senses in that it has lots of inputs. When those inputs don't agree, that's when you feel dizziness and sickness. " Some studies that have been carried out into cybersickness found that women are more _ than men, the New York Times reported. Those who have Type A' personalities--meaning they are confident and determined--are more likely to suffer from cybersickness as well. Among those who have reported experiencing the condition have been video gamers who spend hours playing fast paced games. Engineers at Oculus VR, the virtual headset manufacturer, have admitted that digital motion sickness is one of their biggest problems. This passage is most probably _ .
|
[
"a science fiction",
"a newspaper ad",
"a book review",
"a science news report"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The Big Brother in the novel 1984 listens to everything and nothing can escape his ears . Now in reality , we have Facebook . The social media giant has never denied that it's keeping track of conversations you have near your phone ( if the Facebook app is open , that is ) , but not , one expert has told NBC that Mark Zuckerberg's empire may be keeping ears on you at a more regular basis . According to Professor Kelli Burns , who teaches mass communication at the University of South Florida , it may be listening more often than it lets on . To prove her point , Burns turned on the microphone feature on her phone , and said , " I'm really interested in going on an African journey . I think it'd be wonderful to ride in one of those jeeps . " Less than a minute later , when she checked her Facebook page , she was met by a story about a journey - the first post on her newsfeed . There was also a car ad on her page . While Facebook says that it's only keeping its ears open to help " identify the music you're listening to and TV matches you're watching , " Burns' little experiment suggests that there may be other motivations at play as well . But the social media company has denied claims that it records any conversations , and told The Independent , " Facebook does not use microphone audio to inform advertising or News Feed stories in any way . Businesses are able to serve related ads based on people's interests and other statistic information , but not through audio collection . " Whether you believe this statement or not , there are ways to stop Facebook from listening in at all . Simply turn off your phone's microphone by heading over into Settings ( if you're an iPhone user ) , going to the Privacy tab , then clicking on Microphone . From there , you can remove Facebook's mic privileges , and probably , stop the company from hearing your conversations . On Android , you can also go to Privacy under the Settings tab , and change Facebook's permissions . So the next time you're chatting with your friends about your summer vacation plans , keep an eye on your Facebook feed . There may be more participants in your conversation than you realize . What might Facebook do if it is turned on ?
|
[
"Chat with you like a real friend .",
"Turn on your phone's microphone .",
"Identify the movie you are watching .",
"Show ads based on your conversation ."
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The length of a year is equivalent to the time it takes for one
|
[
"rotation of Earth",
"rotation of the Sun",
"revolution of Earth around the Sun",
"revolution of the Sun around Earth"
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Moving heavy objects
|
[
"requires more might",
"requires little strength",
"should be easy",
"should be avoided"
] | 0A
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Scratches's phenotype for the fur type trait?
|
[
"ff",
"curly fur"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it's accompanied by an appeal: "Just think about those starving orphans in Africa." Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of "cleaning the plate', perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow. According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies(,). A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate (......) quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little. Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion(,) sizes began (or grew) in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand . Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller. It's not that working-class Americans don't want to eat healthily. It's just that, "after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents." Why do American restaurants serve large portions?
|
[
"Because Americans associate quantity with value.",
"Because Americans have big bellies.",
"Because Americans are good eaters.",
"Because Americans are greedy."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the summer, the Arctic fox's fur is dark gray or brown. In the winter, its fur is white. The changes in color enable the fox to
|
[
"stay dry in the winter.",
"hunt for food at all times.",
"stay warm in the summer.",
"blend in with its surroundings."
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Combining families with kids can be tough and offers even more unexpected problems. You just don't know how things will shake out until everyone is under one roof, trying on new roles with name that start with "step". This is what happened to Sheila and Will, and Sheila's 8-year-old daughter Ashley. After the couple got married, and Will became the member of the new family, things got worse than expected. How did they make it work? Read the full version of the story here. Shelia's Turn: When Shelia and Will were dating, he seemed like kids, especially Ashley. He'd bring her presents, play games with her. But after the wedding, things took a turn. Will suddenly became a super strict stepfather, scolding Ashley for watching too much cartoons, constantly picking fights and punishing her for offenses as small as spilling milk. Shelia's thought about leaving Will, but soon after they married, they had a son, Billy. Will adores his well-behaved boy, but Ashley hates him. Shelia doesn't know what to do--- her daughter is miserable, but leaving her husband might mean losing her son. Will's turn: Will was so excited to be a male role model in Ashley's life. He didn't just want to be a guy living in her house; he wanted to treat her like his own daughter, which, to Will, meant giving Ashley more rules and help her learn responsibility. He'd always felt that Shelia let Ashley loose on everything. But after the wedding, Will was surprised that Shelia didn't want him to do that. If Will takes away Ashley's TV privileges or tells her to clean up her room, Shelia just lets Ashley do what she likes and does it herself. Will was tired of this and he'd rather take his son and go. The advisor's turn: The counselor quickly recognized their conflict as a classic case of unspoken, hidden expectations. Before the wedding, when it was just Shelia and Will, everything was easy. But now, everyone in their big family is competing for attention, and the couple never sat down and discussed the biggest issue---their child-upbringing philosophies . The counselor suggested Shelia allow Will to give some rules on Ashley but Will's punishments couldn't be extreme. Once Ashley saw that her mom and stepdad had become a united front, she cooperated more. The text is most likely to be found in a book about _ .
|
[
"popular science",
"historical events",
"social problems",
"political systems"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I first went to Harrow in the summer term. The school had the biggest swimming pool I had ever seen. It was a good joke to come up behind a naked boy, and push him into the pool. I made quite a habit of this with boys of my own size or less. One day I saw a boy wrapped in a towel on the side of the pool. He was no bigger than I was, so I thought him _ . Coming secretly behind, I pushed him in, holding on to his towel so that it would not get wet, I was surprised to see an angry face come out from the water, and a being of great strength masking its way by face strokes to the shore. I fled, but in vain. He overtook me, seized me violently, and threw me into the deepest part of the pool. I soon climbed out on the other side, and found myself surrounded by a crowd of younger boys." Do you know what you have done?" they said, "It's Amery; he is in Grade Six. He is champion at gym; he has got his football honor." I was frightened and felt ashamed. How could I tell his position when be was wrapped in a bath towel and so small." He didn't seem pleased at all, so I added in a most brilliant word," My father, who is a great man, is also small." At this be laughed, and after some general words about my rude behavior and how I had better be careful in the future, signified the incident was closed. The writer felt" ashamed" because .
|
[
"he was laughed at by other boys",
"he played a joke on an outstanding athlete",
"Amery turned out to be in the same grade",
"he pushed Amery hard and hurt him"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous scientists in this century. He was born in 1942. He's a world well-known on space and time. Stephen is researching some very big questions, such as: How did the universe begin? How will it end? Stephen was a student at Oxford University. He studied math and science. Then, at the age of twenty, he became sick. He was so young, but the doctors said to his family, "He has only two more years to live." As a matter of fact, the doctors were wrong---- he didn't die. He can't walk now but he uses a wheelchair . He can't feed himself and get in or out of bed himself. But he refused to give in to the condition. He talks with the help of a computer. After Oxford, Stephen went to Cambridge University. Three years later, in 1965, he became a doctor of philosophy . Because of his serious health problems, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he became one of the most famous scientists in the world. In 1991, he met the Pope in Rome. They talked about his ideas. Then in 1998, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. It sold more than 5.5 million copies in 33 different languages. He was once invited to China, he impressed us with his self-confidence, humorous and witty conversation. Stephen's studies DO NOT relate to _ according to the passage.
|
[
"science",
"math",
"philosophy",
"art"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In Sonoma County, California, growers are planting grapevines in a new way. As they plant the vines, they add a package of water called DRiWATER. This method of planting grapevines along with the water supply saves time and work. It gives the plant enough water to keep growing. The workers can go on to other chores. DRiWATER is a package of jelled water. It melts slowly, watering the plant for two or three months. DRiWATER is a 100% natural, non-poisonous product used for the long-term watering of plants. It was invented by a well-known food chemist who recognized the potential of a filler product he was using to thicken peanut butter. He tested and applied his theory that water could be released over time as naturally occurring microbes in the soil fed on the filler and released the water into the soil. The inventor, Harold Jensen, tried for a long time to get the right recipe. He and his family worked nights and weekends testing different formulas. Jensen finally found the right formula and patented it. What are the ingredients in DRiWATER? It is made up of 97.85% water, 2% vegetable gum, and 0.15% aluminum sulfate. When the DRiWATER is planted in the soil, the water is released as bacteria eat the jell. Buchanan Vineyard Services has bought ten thousand packages of DRiWATER. They will plant the jelled water with their new grapevines. What about countries like Egypt that have large deserts? Maybe DRiWATER will help grow trees in the desert. Two million trees have been planted near a town in the Sahara Desert. Two quarts were planted with each tree. The tree must live on the water for months until its roots touch ground water. Harold Jensen hopes to see forests spring up in the deserts. This is the reason that he invented DRiWATER. Seedlings, DRiWATER, and desert may be the perfect fit. What can be inferred from the passage?
|
[
"Growers have to change the jelled water once a month.",
"Growers in California have bought ten thousand packages of DRiWATER.",
"Egyptians will benefit a lot from the new method.",
"Buchanan Vineyard Services will grow trees in the desert"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
About five years ago, an American electrical engineer named Scott Brusaw and his wife Julie came up with the idea of putting solar panels on the ground rather than the roof. Then they began to develop the Solar Roadway. The Solar Roadway is an intelligent road that provides clean renewable energy using power from the sun while providing safer driving conditions, along with power and data delivery. They predict that the Solar Roadway will pay for itself through the generation of electricity along with other forms of income and that the same money that is being used to build and resurface current roads can be used to build the Solar Roadways. Each Solar Road Panel measures roughly 4 meters by 4 meters and contains a microprocessor that monitors and controls the panel, while communicating with neighboring panels and the vehicles traveling overhead. The inventors suggest that this provides a communications device every 4 meters on every road which could be used for example to warn drivers of cars which are moving across a centre line and various other speed control problems. The top of the Solar Road panels is made of super-strong glass that would offer vehicles the tractions _ need. According to the inventors, the Solar Roadway creates and carries clean renewable electricity and therefore electric vehicles can be recharged at any conveniently located rest stop, or at any business that has paved Solar Road Panels in their parking lots. The inventors say their Solar Roadway has many functions and advantages from main roads to driveways, parking lots, bike paths, sidewalks and runways. The Federal Highway Administration has given Brusaw $100,000 to develop the invention and Brusaw hopes to build a smart-road parking lot in the coming spring . It can be inferred from the text that _ .
|
[
"the Solar Roadway has already been put into use",
"$100,000 is only enough to build a smart-road parking lot",
"the Solar Roadway is not available for gas-powered cars",
"future electric vehicles can be charged anytime and anywhere"
] | 2C
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! On a clear night you can see the moon, some planets, and thousands of sparking stars. You can see even more with a telescope. You might see that many stars look larger than others. You might see that some stars that look white are really red or blue. With bigger and bigger telescopes you can see more and more objects in the sky. And you can see those objects in more and more detail. But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we will never see. We won't see them with the biggest telescope in the world, on the clearest night of the year.That's because they're _ . They're the mysterious dead stars called black holes. You might find it hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly and giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesn't seem to be getting old or weak. But stars do burn out and die after billions of years. As a star's gases burn, they give off light and heat. But when the gases run out, the star stops burning and begins to die. So next time you look up at the night sky, remember: there's more in the sky than we can see! When a star's gases _ ,the star begins to die.
|
[
"burn",
"run out",
"give off heat",
"get weak"
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An astronomer is making a case for launching pop singer Justin Bieber into suborbital space aboard a private rocket ship. The idea is not to rid the world of the Canadian teenager -- he would come back down to Earth eventually, after all -- but rather to help jump-start the emerging suborbital spaceflight industry. It would generate a lot of public interest, which would help commercial spaceflight pick up some much-needed momentum, said Seth Shostak, senior astronomer at the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute in Mountain View, California. "If there's more interest, there are more customers. If there are more customers, there's more technical development. It's a positive feedback loop, and obviously that's good." Such missions would return to Earth without completing a full lap around the planet. Instead, the flights would hit the edge of space about 62 miles (100 kilometers) above Earth, experience a few minutes of weightlessness, then re-enter the atmosphere and land back at a spaceport. None of these firms are ready to fly customers yet, but some are getting close. For instance, Virgin Galactic hopes to begin powered test flights of its SpaceShipTwo vehicle later this year, with commercial operations perhaps beginning in 2013 or 2014. It is SpaceShipTwo that reportedly grabbed the attention of Beyonce and Jay-Z. Virgin Galactic has collected deposits from nearly 500 customers willing to pay $200,000 for a ride aboard SpaceShipTwo, and both Virgin and XCOR have inked deals to fly scientists and their experiments on research flights. So a suborbital market already exists -- but Shostak is thinking about ways to make it grow. A celebrity launch isn't Shostak's only idea. Suborbital firms should also promote their activities aggressively via social media, Shostak said, and they should make sure their spaceships are bristling with cameras both inside and out, to give the public dramatic views of every mission. Some observers view commercial suborbital spaceflight as a potentially transformative industry, saying it could serve as a stepping stone to the exploration and exploitation of space on an unprecedented scale. While the industry's success is far from assured, Shostak offered some reason for optimism: The American public remains keen on space. What can we learn about suborbital spaceflight?
|
[
"A trip will return to Earth before finishing a lap.",
"The whole trip will leave passengers weightless.",
"Each trip can take 500 passengers.",
"The trip will be too expensive even for celebrities."
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Friendship is very pleasant and also essential to people's life . A man without friends is an angel without wings, whose life will suffer in the long loneliness and depression, Friendship is the mother of our spirit, who'll warm her kid when hurt occures , We have much to share with our friends in life , confusion, excitement ,bitterness etc, It's great to keep up a sincere friendship. It takes many special qualities to make friends, Understanding should come first . Only when we get a better understanding of each other can we gain a believable and meaningful friendship. We may find our hobbies of common interest. This feeling of natural attraction gets us closer and closer. It also takes a special kind of love that seems to know no end, Never hesitate to show your heartfelt care and kindness to your friend when she /he is in trouble . Love is not selfish , Love is a feeling that we should treasure all our lives, Tolerance is the third necessary part in friendship ,. We are absolutely different persons , This individual difference may cause conflict between us in every aspect of our life. Don't care yourself too much . Try to tolerate him /her in an easy mood , Saints are not perfect , let alone those ordinary people like us. Afterwards, we should get a good communication. Understanding , love and tolerance are the first three essences that come to a true friendship. Other qualities are also concerned such a s thoughtfulness, trust and patience, Remember, friendship is your spirit's guard and everyone should treasure it. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
|
[
"Friends often have the same character.",
"Friends can help us overcome loneliness and depression*",
"There shouldn't be conflict between friends-",
"Friends can make us patient and believable."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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