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17330097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%20Liga%20de%20Honra | 2008–09 Liga de Honra | The 2008–09 Liga de Honra season is the 19th season of the competition and the 75th season of recognised second-tier football in Portugal. Trofense are the defending champions.
Promotion and relegation
Teams promoted from Liga de Honra
Trofense
Rio Ave
Teams relegated to Liga de Honra
Boavista
União de Leiria
Teams relegated from Liga de Honra
Penafiel
Fátima
Teams promoted to Liga de Honra
Oliveirense
Sporting Covilhã
League table
Results
Footnotes
External links
Calendar of the Portuguese League
Season on soccerway.com
Liga Portugal 2 seasons
Port
2008–09 in Portuguese football leagues |
23575903 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queens%20Theatre%2C%20Glasgow | Queens Theatre, Glasgow | The Queens Theatre was a theatre in Glasgow, Scotland, situated in Watson Street near Glasgow Cross. It was built in the 1870s to cater for working class Glaswegians. The theatre opened as the Star Hall. It went on to be renamed the Shakespeare Music Hall, New Star Theatre of Varieties and the Peoples Palace Theatre before being named the Queens Theatre in 1897. The theatre was destroyed by fire in 1952.
References
Former theatres in Scotland
Theatres in Glasgow |
17330101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/152nd%20Regiment | 152nd Regiment | 152nd Regiment may refer to:
152nd Infantry Regiment "Sassari", a unit of the Italian Army since 1915
, a unit of the 7th Armoured Brigade (France)
152nd (Ulster) Transport Regiment, a unit of the United Kingdom Territorial Army
152nd Punjabis, a British Indian Army regiment serving in Palestine, 1918-1921
152nd Illinois Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
152nd New York Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
152nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
152nd Infantry Regiment (United States), a regiment of the Indiana Army National Guard
152nd Tank Regiment, a component of the Russian Ground Forces' 27th Guards Rifle Division at Totskoye in the Volga-Urals Military District |
23575905 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave%20Ryan%20%28Australian%20footballer%29 | Dave Ryan (Australian footballer) | David James Ryan (23 January 1885 – 13 February 1957) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Geelong and Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Originally from Yarrawonga, Ryan arrived at Collingwood in 1907 after failing to make an impact in his season with Geelong. At his new club, Ryan participated in the finals in each of his first five seasons and was a ruckman in the 1910 premiership team. He also played in Collingwood's losing Grand Final the following season, again as a follower. Used at times up forward, he retired at the end of the 1912 season but continued playing briefly in the VFA at Prahran.
He was the brother of another Collingwood player Michael Ryan and the uncle of Joe Ryan, who played for and coached Footscray. Outside of football he was a policeman for about 20 years until he moved to Sydney around 1930 where he worked as a store detective. He died in Sydney in February 1957.
References
Holmesby, Russell and Main, Jim (2007). The Encyclopedia of AFL Footballers. 7th ed. Melbourne: Bas Publishing.
External links
1885 births
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia)
Geelong Football Club players
Collingwood Football Club players
Collingwood Football Club Premiership players
Prahran Football Club players
Yarrawonga Football Club players
1957 deaths
One-time VFL/AFL Premiership players |
17330103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witherbee%20School | Witherbee School | The Witherbee School is a school house on Green End Avenue in Middletown, Rhode Island. It is a small -story gable-roofed structure, with a projecting section topped by a two-story tower. There are two entrances (one each for boys and girls), leading to separate vestibules, which then lead into the single classroom. The vestibule areas were altered to accommodate indoor plumbing facilities sometime before 1940. The school was built in 1907 for the town by John Coggeshall. It closed in the 1940s, and is now run by the Middletown Historical Society as an educational center.
The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
Green's End, Rhode Island
References
External links
Middletown Historical Society information
Educational institutions established in 1907
School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Schools in Newport County, Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in Middletown, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island
1907 establishments in Rhode Island |
20468326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20of%20Tina%20Watson | Death of Tina Watson | Tina Watson was a 26-year-old American woman from Helena, Alabama, who died while scuba diving in Queensland, Australia, on 22 October 2003. Tina had been on her honeymoon with her new husband, fellow American Gabe Watson, who was initially charged by Queensland authorities with his wife's murder. Watson pleaded guilty to manslaughter and was sentenced to a term of imprisonment.
Evidence presented at the trial included Watson's differing accounts of what had happened on that day, of the couple's diving experience (or lack thereof), and of Tina's life insurance. While Watson was serving his term in Australia, authorities in Alabama flagged an intention to charge him with murder at a later date. After his release, he was deported to Alabama on the condition that he would not be sentenced to death if found guilty of murder. Watson was then put on trial, but on 23 February 2012, Judge Tommy Nail dismissed the murder case due to lack of evidence.
Background
Christina Mae "Tina" Watson (birth name unknown) was born in West Germany on 13 February 1977, before relocating to the U.S. while still a baby. On 24 January 1980, she was legally adopted by Tommy and Cindy Thomas. They lived in Walker County, Alabama, with her younger sister before moving to Louisiana then Birmingham. David Gabriel "Gabe" Watson met Tina while they were students at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and they began dating in January 2001.
Despite an earlier diagnosis of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), Tina began diving lessons in January 2003, and earned her certification just before her wedding to Watson on 11 October 2003. Watson was purportedly a qualified certified rescue diver, with experience in the lake at Oak Mountain State Park. Watson had completed 55 dives by the time of their marriage, and Tina 5. The couple had planned a scuba trip in the Great Barrier Reef for their honeymoon, and flew to Sydney for a week before heading to Townsville. They chose to dive the popular yet difficult wreck of SS Yongala, a passenger ship that sank in 1911, even though Watson had limited open ocean experience and Tina had never dived in the ocean or below 9 metres. The dive company had also offered an orientation and guided dive with a dive master, which the couple had refused.
Incident
At around 10:30 am on 22 October, during an excursion from the dive boat Spoilsport to the site of Yongala, Tina lost consciousness and sank to the bottom, below the water's surface within two minutes of beginning the dive. Watson claimed the currents were stronger than they expected and that he responded to a signal from Tina to return to the dive rope, where he noted a look of worry on her face before she accidentally knocked his mask and air regulator loose. When Watson recovered his sight, Tina was sinking too quickly for him to retrieve her and he quickly surfaced to get help. He also stated that an ear problem prevented him from diving deeper to help her and that there was nothing in his training as a rescue diver "about how to get somebody" in trouble to the surface.
Other divers nearby at the time, including Dr. Stanley Stutz, saw Watson engaged in an underwater "bear hug" with his "flailing" wife, after which he headed for the surface while Tina fell to the ocean floor. One diver, Gary Stempler, photographed Tina by chance while taking a picture of his own wife that showed Tina in the background. The photo showed her lying face-up on the ocean floor, something that did not come to light until a couple of weeks later when the pictures were developed. Watson climbed aboard the Spoilsport and alerted dive instructor Wade Singleton, who brought Tina to the surface after ten minutes underwater. She was taken aboard the adjacent dive boat Jazz II, where a doctor tried to resuscitate her for 40 minutes while Watson remained on the Spoilsport, but she was unable to be revived.
Investigation
The day following the death, Tina's autopsy was performed by Professor David Williams, consultant forensic pathologist to the Queensland Coroner. Williams found florid evidence of air embolism, but no degenerative disease. He gave the cause of death as drowning. Due to the unexpected nature of Tina's death and the implausible and conflicting statements given by Watson, the death was investigated by the State Coroner's office. A coronial inquiry was held, as is the usual practice in Australia. Watson had already left Australia by this point and declined to return, so did not testify during the inquest but gave evidence through his lawyers to the inquest and to the Queensland Police. During the inquest, prosecutors submitted evidence that Watson's story contradicted the record of his actions stored by his dive computer. They suggested the possibility that he turned off Tina's regulator and held her until she was unconscious, then turned the air back on and let her sink before surfacing himself. As evidence, they described the many painstaking re-enactments of various scenarios conducted by police divers. Tina's father claimed that Watson had asked Tina, shortly before their wedding, to increase her life insurance and make him the sole beneficiary.
Civil action commenced in Alabama
In March 2005, Watson launched legal action in Alabama's Jefferson County Circuit Court to recoup the cost of the couple's trip after the travel insurance company refused a payout. He was seeking $45,000 for the accidental death plus compensation for trip interruption, medical expenses, phone calls, taxi fares, fees for extra credit card statements and unspecified punitive damages for mental and emotional anguish. The action was dismissed in May 2008 at Watson's request on the grounds the Australian investigation into his wife's death caused him "to reasonably apprehend that he risks self-incrimination in this case". His Australian legal team believed "it was not in his best interest" to pursue the damages claim and his U.S.-based lawyer, Bob Austin, added that his client would not be voluntarily "going back to Australia."
Indictment
On 19 June 2008, the Coroner laid the following charge:That on the 22nd day of October 2003 at the site of the historical shipwreck Yongala forty-eight nautical miles south east from the port of Townsville in the state of Queensland, David Gabriel Watson murdered Christina Mae Watson.
It was reported that the Coroner found "it was likely that Watson had killed his 26-year-old wife by turning off her air supply and holding her in an 'underwater bear hug' until she was dead"; the coroner, however, had made no such finding.
Trial and sentence in Australia
After resisting extradition for six months, Watson travelled voluntarily from the U.S. to Australia in May 2009 to face trial. At the trial on 5 June 2009, he pleaded not guilty to murder and guilty to, and was convicted of, manslaughter. Crown prosecutor Brendan Campbell pointed out that over time Watson had given police sixteen different versions of what had happened to Tina and that none of those versions matched what the only eyewitness had seen. When Tina was brought to the surface, her regulator was still in her mouth, her tank still had air, and tests indicated no faults with her equipment. Campbell described Watson as an experienced diver trained in rescuing panicked divers, who had allowed his wife to sink to the ocean floor without making any serious attempt to retrieve her. Watson did not inflate Tina's buoyancy control device (BCD) or remove her weight belt, and had failed to fulfill his obligations as her "dive buddy" by not sharing his alternative air source. Watson was sentenced to four and a half years in prison, to be suspended after serving only twelve months.
Reaction to the sentence
Tina's family stated that Watson's twelve-month term was an embarrassment to Australia. The day following the trial, Alabama Attorney General Troy King lodged an appeal with the Queensland Supreme Court and also wrote to Queensland Attorney-General Cameron Dick. Fairfax Media reported that the letter was leaked to them and published part of it in their newspapers.
The Queensland Director of Public Prosecutions, Tony Moynihan SC, issued a statement, which said:
"The decision to accept Mr Watson's plea of guilty to manslaughter was made after a careful and thorough examination of the admissible evidence, and was not taken lightly. Given the complex circumstantial nature of the case, Mr Watson's admission that he breached his duty to render assistance to his wife ultimately meant there was no reasonable prospect of proving, beyond a reasonable doubt, that he was guilty of murder." On 18 June 2009, Dick announced the state would appeal against the inadequacy of Watson's sentence.
Appeal
The appeal was heard by the Queensland Court of Appeals on 17 July 2009. The Crown asked the court to increase Watson's prison term to two and a half years. The defence argued that Watson had had a momentary lapse in judgment, had been accused of a crime he did not commit, and had voluntarily returned to Australia to co-operate with the court, and that the penalty imposed by the trial judge was fair and just. The findings on appeal were handed down on 18 September 2009. Two members allowed the prosecution's appeal, increasing Watson's period of incarceration by six months to a total of eighteen. One justice, by minority opinion, was in favour of dismissing the appeal.
Further incidents
Tina was buried in her native Pelham, Alabama. Her remains were exhumed in 2007 and moved to a different lot bought by Watson. After being informed by her family that flowers and gifts were repeatedly being vandalized or disappearing from the grave site, even when chained down, police surveillance videos showed Watson removing them with bolt cutters and throwing them in trash cans. Watson later said he removed them because they were "big, gaudy, plastic arrangements". Her grave was unmarked until 2009, when Watson provided a foot marker, prompting her father to request her body be returned for reburial. In 2011, the Probate Court removed Watson as administrator of Tina's estate and appointed her father, who also requested that her school and college pictures and yearbooks be returned. Watson appealed against the ruling and refused to provide the court with an inventory of Tina's possessions. Pending Watson's trial, the Alabama Circuit Court ordered him to stay away from the grave.
Trial in United States
Alabama investigation
In May 2010, King announced he had information not yet made public and wanted to try Watson for capital murder and kidnapping, asserting jurisdiction based on the theory that the alleged crime was planned in Alabama. King petitioned Australia for the evidence held by police, but was refused access until he gave an undertaking that the death penalty would not be imposed, as required under Australian law. This condition has been strongly criticised by King and Don Valeska, chief of the Attorney General's violent crime division, who stated: "If an Australian woman was killed here, we would immediately send the evidence there. We would not presume to tell the Australian authorities how to run their criminal justice system". In response to the announcement, Watson's parents came to the defence of their son, breaking their public silence on the case. Friends and family of Watson questioned whether he had any motive for the murder, noting that his affection for Tina had seemed genuine, there was no life insurance policy naming him as beneficiary, and he appeared to be emotionally devastated for an extended time following her death.
In June 2010, King assured the Queensland Attorney-General he would not seek the death penalty if Watson was tried in the U.S. for his wife's death. In August 2010 it was announced Watson would be released in November and was likely to be deported to the US, where he faced being charged with murder. Valeska stated he would pursue an additional charge of kidnapping by deception. The case was placed before a grand jury in Birmingham, Alabama in October 2010.
Watson was released from prison on 10 November 2010. He was transferred to an immigration detention centre while his deportation was delayed. During this time, Australian authorities sought further written assurances from the US Attorney General that he would not face the death penalty in Alabama if convicted of murder. Under international human rights law, Australia could not deport Watson if he faced execution in his home country. On 25 November 2010 he was deported to the United States and immediately arrested.
Arrest
Alabama prosecutors charged Watson with murder and kidnapping at the conclusion of his prison sentence in Australia after finding what they claimed was evidence he had plotted to kill his wife while still in the United States. A Birmingham grand jury indicted Watson on murder and kidnapping charges in October 2010. In July 2011, the Circuit Court set the trial date for 13 February 2012; Watson was released on a $100,000 bond.
New evidence
Colin McKenzie, a key diving expert in the original investigation who had maintained that "a diver with Watson's training should have been able to bring Tina up", subsequently retracted much of his testimony after being provided with Tina and Watson's diver logs, certificates and medical histories, to which he had not previously had access. McKenzie claimed Watson should not have been allowed in the water and never as a dive buddy for his wife, who had no open water scuba experience. Tina had heart surgery to correct an irregular heartbeat two years earlier but on her dive application had stated that she had never had heart problems or surgery. Professor Michael "Mike" Bennett, a leading expert in dive medicine, stated that Tina was unfit to dive without clearance from a cardiologist. Watson had received his rescue certification, normally a four-day course, after completing a two-day course in an Alabama quarry. He had no rescue experience and little open water experience.
According to McKenzie, "He had no hope of being competent, he could barely save himself [that day] let alone his wife; I don't believe he intended to kill her." Revelations that Watson needed help to don his diving equipment that day underscored that he was a "dangerous amateur" who showed "a complete lack of courage" when he abandoned his wife. The dive company had offered an orientation and guided dive with a dive master, which both Tina and Watson had refused. Company head Mike Ball said his people took Watson at his word, believing he was an experienced and certified rescue diver. The company later pleaded guilty to contravening safety standards (their code of conduct said both Watson and Tina must be supervised by at least a divemaster on the dive in question) and was fined $6,500, plus costs of $1,500.
Dismissal of the case
Alabama judge Tommy Nail ruled that evidence of Watson's behaviour following Tina's death was inadmissible. Nail also blocked Tina's father from giving evidence regarding Watson's alleged attempts to increase Tina's life insurance. On 23 February 2012, Nail acquitted Watson for lack of evidence without the defence needing to present its case. Nail said that the state's evidence was "sorely lacking" and that the prosecution could not prove that Watson had any financial motive. Prosecutor Don Valeska said that this was the first time he had a trial end in a judge's acquittal in the 41 years he had been trying cases. Regarding the judge's decision, Thomas said, "It should have gone to the jury for them to decide."
In media
A feature on the death of Tina Watson was broadcast in a 90-minute account that aired on Dateline NBC on 19 May 2008. An examination of Tina's death and Watson's subsequent trial and appeal was published by The Age on 17 July 2010. The author was Walkley Award winning investigative journalist, Peter Patrick. A feature on the death of Tina and her husband's Alabama acquittal was broadcast on an episode of the Australian 60 Minutes on 25 March 2012. Lifetime produced a made-for-TV movie, Fatal Honeymoon, based on the death of Tina Watson, starring Harvey Keitel, Billy Miller and . It premiered on 25 August 2012. Tina Watson's death was explored on Casefile True Crime Podcast (Case 51) which was published on 22 April 2017.
References
Further reading
Tina Watson Death - Michael McFadyen's Scuba Diving Web Site
External links
Inquest into the death of Christina Mae Watson known as Tina Watson
Mystery in the deep blue sea - NBC Dateline transcript
Tina Watson: the bride who drowned at the Barrier Reef - The Sunday Times
'Princess bride' feared being left on shelf - The Sydney Morning Herald
Death Down Under - The Sydney Morning Herald
Unfathomable - Australian Story
Obituary at Legacy.com
Tina's Story - a collection of news articles up to 2009
Casefile True Crime Podcast - Case 51: Tina Watson - 22 April 2017
2003 crimes in Australia
1977 births
2003 deaths
American manslaughter victims
Australia–United States relations
Crime in Queensland
Deaths by drowning
Deaths by person in Australia
Manslaughter in Australia
October 2003 events in Australia
People from Helena, Alabama
Underwater diving deaths |
17330106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issoire%20Iris | Issoire Iris | The Issoire Iris was a sailplane produced in France in the early 1980s. It was a conventional, single-seat mid-wing design of fibreglass construction intended to be easy to fly for the novice pilot. Originally designed with a T-tail, the Iris was produced with a conventional, low-set tailplane.
The prototype made its first public appearance at the 1977 Paris Air Show and completed flight testing with the CEV early the following year, with certification expected to follow shortly thereafter.
Specifications
References
1970s French sailplanes
T-tail aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1977
Glider aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft |
20468330 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shitalpur%20Bairgania | Shitalpur Bairgania | Shitalpur Bairgania is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4612 people living in 875 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
20468335 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KNLV-FM | KNLV-FM | KNLV-FM (103.9 FM, "King FM") is a radio station licensed to serve Ord, Nebraska broadcasting a country music format . It operates on FM frequency 103.9 MHz and is under ownership of MWB Broadcasting. JJ Johnnie James handles the morning show and is the host of a Party Line program.
External links
NLV
Country radio stations in the United States |
17330117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang%20Yibai | Zhang Yibai | Zhang Xiaoling, better known by his stage name Zhang Yibai () (born 14 April 1963, in Chongqing, China) is a Chinese film director, screenwriter and producer.
Directorial career
Zhang began his career in television and music videos before directing his debut, Spring Subway in 2002.
Zhang, like many other modern Chinese directors, has focused primarily on life in modern Chinese cities. Spring Subway, for example, follows its protagonist as he wanders through Beijing's subway system, while the mystery-thriller Curiosity Killed the Cat follows its characters through the central China boomtown of Chongqing (also Zhang's hometown).
His next two films, 2007's The Longest Night in Shanghai and 2008's Lost, Indulgence have seen the director's exposure and successes extending increasingly overseas. Longest Night, starring Zhao Wei, constitutes one of the first China-Japan coproductions, while Lost was selected to premiere at New York City's Tribeca Film Festival in 2008.
Filmography
References
External links
Zhang Yibai at the Chinese Movie Database
Film directors from Chongqing
1963 births
Living people
Chinese film directors
Central Academy of Drama alumni |
17330137 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisnia%20zavzhdy%20z%20namy | Pisnia zavzhdy z namy | Pisnia zavzhdy z namy () is a 1975 Ukrainian musical film, produced by Viktor Storozhenko starring Sofia Rotaru in the main role, as well as Ukrainian Smerichka vocal-instrumental band. The movie features songs in Ukrainian, Romanian and Russian of Sofia Rotaru filmed in the background of Ukrainian Carpathian mountains.
Plot
Filmed by Ukrainian studio of television films, the musical film Pisnia zavzhdy z namy features six songs of Volodymyr Ivasiuk, written for Sofia Rotaru. The young and beautiful singer starts a concert in a mountainous vacation resort music club in open air. This autobiographical scenario depicts true Ukrainian Moldavian origins of Sofia Rotaru in the bucolic atmosphere of melodic Northern Bukovina in Western Ukraine.
Production
The filming took place in the village Ploska in Putyla Raion. The main theme of the movie is the exploration of the artistic laboratory of Sofia Rotaru, who has always affirmed that her artistic path started from a stage in a village club.
Soundtrack
Notes
External links
Filmography of Sofia Riotaru
1975 films
1975 in the Soviet Union
1970s musical films
Ukrainian-language films
Soviet-era Ukrainian films
Films set in Ukraine
Soviet musical films
Ukrainian musical films |
17330162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/153rd%20Regiment | 153rd Regiment | 153rd Regiment may refer to:
153rd (Highland) Transport Regiment, a unit of the United Kingdom Territorial Army
153rd Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War |
17330191 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/154th%20Regiment | 154th Regiment | 154th Regiment may refer to:
154th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
154th Indiana Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
154th Ohio Infantry, a unit of the Union (North) Army during the American Civil War
154th Tennessee Infantry Regiment, a unit of the Confederate States (South) Army during the American Civil War
154th Infantry Regiment ("Third Arkansas"), a regiment of the United States Army during World War I
154th Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, a short-lived regiment of the British Army during World War II
154 (Scottish) Regiment RLC, a unit of the United Kingdom Territorial Army, formed in 1967 |
17330215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamestown%20Windmill | Jamestown Windmill | The Jamestown Windmill is a smock mill in Jamestown, Rhode Island within the Windmill Hill Historic District on North Road north of Weeden Lane.
The high windmill was built in 1787 to grind corn after the British occupational forces destroyed the previous mill around the time of the Battle of Rhode Island. It operated until 1896. Several renovations were done in the 20th century, and it is maintained by the Jamestown Historical Society. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.
Images
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References and external links
Jamestown tourism information - including hours of the mill
"Historic and Architectural Resources of Jamestown, Rhode Island," (Rhode Island Historical Preservation & Heritage Commission)
Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Industrial buildings completed in 1787
Smock mills in the United States
Museums in Newport County, Rhode Island
Mill museums in the United States
Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places
Buildings and structures in Jamestown, Rhode Island
Octagonal buildings in the United States
1787 establishments in Rhode Island
Windmills in Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island
Historic district contributing properties in Rhode Island |
20468345 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fujicolor%20Pro | Fujicolor Pro | Fujicolor Pro was a line of professional color negative films from Japanese company Fujifilm introduced in 2004 for weddings, portraits, fashion and commercial photography. It originally comprised four emulsions: Pro 160S, Pro 160C, Pro 400H and Pro 800Z. Its main competitor was Kodak Portra.
In 2021 further production of the two remaining emulsions, Pro 160NS distributed in Japan only and Pro 400H distributed globally, was ended. Remaining supply from stock only.
History
The "Pro" film line was introduced in 2004 to mark the replacement of the last of the 'NP' series films, with the new 160 ISO emulsions adjusted to be finer grained (RMS 3 rather than 4) compared to their NPS/C equivalent and have a more neutral colour balance in line with the recently updated 400 and 800 emulsions.
The preceding 'NP' series of films were:
NPS 160 (–2004) Daylight balanced film for 'S'hort exposures. Replaced by Pro 160S.
NPC 160 (–2004) Daylight balanced film, higher 'C'ontrast than NPS. Replaced by Pro 160C.
NPL 160 (–2004) Tungsten balanced colour film, also for 'L'ong exposures. Not carried forward into Pro line.
NPH 400 (2002–2004) Daylight balanced film, renamed Pro 400H.
NPZ 800 (2002–2004) Daylight balanced film, renamed Pro 800Z.
All Pro films incorporate: sigma fine grain technology, neutral color balance for improved skin tones, a fourth cyan layer for improved color rendition under fluorescent lighting and were optimized for scanning and single channel printing. and have 'easy end seal' peel and stick tape on roll films.
Colors are generally 'cooler' than the equivalent Kodak Portra films.
All formats of Pro 800Z were discontinued in 2009/10 due to low demand. Pro 160C was discontinued in 2010 and Pro 160S was renamed Pro 160NS. However this film was only distributed in Europe, Asia & Australia (not USA). Pro 160 NS sheet film was discontinued in 2016. Pro 160NS in 120 was discontinued in the UK in late 2017 and in the rest of Europe in late 2018. Pro 400H was discontinued in all formats and markets in January 2021 and Pro 160NS in Japan in October 2021.
Emulsions
Pro 160C (2004–2010)
Pro 160C was an ISO 160 daylight-type color negative film designed for professional use, featuring a gradation design optimized for exposures requiring high-contrast results. It was discontinued in 2010.
Pro 160S and 160NS (2004-2021)
Pro 160S was an ISO 160 daylight-type color negative film designed for professional use, featuring more highly optimized skin tone reproduction, soft contrast (forgiving for portraits) and neutral gray balance, especially important for wedding and portrait photography. It was available in 135, 120, 220 (triacetate base) and sheet film; 4x5", 8x10" (polyester base).
In 2010 it was renamed Pro 160NS with no change to the emulsion, available in 120, 220 and sheet film and only distributed in Europe, Asia and Australia. 135 format was discontinued at the same time. With 220 already discontinued, sheet film was discontinued 2016. 120 format was stated as being discontinued in 2017 by retailers in the UK (no official announcement), remaining on sale from stock into early 2018. In late 2018 Pro 160NS was also stated as being discontinued by retailers in Germany with stock expiry dates of February 2019. It was announced to be discontinued in October 2021 in Japan. Predicted end of supply March 2022.
Pro 400H (2004-2021)
Fujicolor Pro 400H was an ISO 400 fine grain natural color professional film for weddings, portraits, fashion with fourth color layer on triacetate base. Formats: 135, 120, 220
The 400H emulsion was originally launched as NPH400 in 2002. The bright, colorful, and fine-grained 400 speed film featured improved skin tones, much more accurate color reproduction, better shadow detail, and wider exposure latitude. It featured Fuji's new peel and stick paper backing. Renamed in 2004 to Pro 400H and with new packaging to bring it into line with the new 160 line of films, but with no change to the emulsion.
220 format was discontinued in 2013 along with 135-24 exp and 135 multipacks.
In January 2021, Fujifilm announced that 400H was to be discontinued in both 135 and 120 formats in all markets. The reason for the sudden discontinuation compared to previous films on the range, was not lack of sales, but difficulty in procuring key raw materials for new master roll production. Predicted end of supply; 135 format - immediately in N.America (March 2021 in Japan). 120 format - Dec 21 in N.America (March 2022 Japan), later brought forward to June 2021 due to demand.
Pro 800Z (2004–2009)
FujiColor Pro 800Z was an ISO 800 fine grain natural color professional film for weddings, portraits, fashion with fourth color layer on triacetate base. It was available in 135, 120 and 220 format.
The Pro 800Z emulsion was originally launched as NPZ800 in 2002 and renamed Pro 800Z in 2004 with new packaging to bring it into line with the new 160 line of films, but with no change to the emulsion. It was discontinued in 2009/10.
See also
Kodak Portra - A similar family of films from Kodak
List of photographic films
List of discontinued photographic films
References
External links
Color negative films at Fujifilm global
Fujifilm photographic films |
17330218 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Mills%20%28college%20president%29 | Barry Mills (college president) | Barry Mills (born September 8, 1950) is an American attorney and academic who served as the fourteenth president of Bowdoin College.
Early life and education
A native of Warwick, Rhode Island, Mills graduated cum laude with a double major in biochemistry and government from Bowdoin College in 1972. He then went on to earn a PhD in biology at Syracuse University in 1976 and a JD from Columbia University in 1979, where he was a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar. Upon graduating, he soon began working at the law firm, Debevoise & Plimpton, where he became a partner in 1986.
Career
A member of the Board of Trustees from 1994 through 2000, Mills became president of Bowdoin College in October 2001. Since then, Mills has dramatically changed Bowdoin's curriculum and campus. As part of a master plan first designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill in 2004, the college has built new residential dorms, a recital hall, a hockey arena, a fitness center, converted one of the college's pools into an architecturally distinctive recital hall, and has undergone a highly publicized renovation to the Bowdoin College Museum of Art.
In 2011, Bowdoin set a record low rate of admissions for the class of 2015 at 15.7%. Three years earlier, in 2008, it was recognized as "School of the Year" by College Prowler. Additionally, that January, Mills announced that all student loans would be replaced by grants beginning in September.
Mills presented the Bowdoin Campaign in 2006, a $250 million fund-raising campaign set to be finished in June 2009 and focusing on new faculty positions and financial aid. Aided by a $10 million gift by Subway Sandwiches co-founder Peter Buck, the goal was met that February. In response to the global financial crisis, in September 2008, Mills announced that the college would slow down the rate of new capital projects and faculty positions but would retain job security at the college.
In April 2014, Mills announced he would "step down as president of the College ... at the conclusion of the 2014-15 academic year." He officially stepped down on July 1, 2015, and was succeeded by Clayton Rose.
In March 2017, Mills was appointed deputy chancellor and chief operating officer at the University of Massachusetts Boston. In that role, he oversaw the academic and research program and campus operations. He stepped down from the role at the end of the 2017-18 academic year.
Personal life
On December 19, 2008, his wife, Karen Mills, was nominated by President Barack Obama to serve in his administration as Administrator of the Small Business Administration, in which role she served in until February 11, 2013.
References
External links
Barry Mills administrative records from Bowdoin College
1950 births
Bowdoin College alumni
Presidents of Bowdoin College
People from Providence, Rhode Island
Living people
People from Warwick, Rhode Island
Syracuse University alumni
Columbia Law School alumni
People associated with Debevoise & Plimpton |
44498696 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315%20ISU%20Speed%20Skating%20World%20Cup%20%E2%80%93%20World%20Cup%202%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20500%20metres | 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 2 – Men's 500 metres | The men's 500 metres races of the 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 2, arranged in the Taereung International Ice Rink, in Seoul, South Korea, were held on the weekend of 21–23 November 2014.
Race one was won by Pavel Kulizhnikov of Russia, while Mo Tae-bum of South Korea came second, and Ruslan Murashov of Russia came third. Dai Dai Ntab of the Netherlands won Division B of race one, and was thus, under the rules, automatically promoted to Division A for race two.
In race two, the top two were the same as in race one, Kulizhnikov and Mo, while Laurent Dubreuil of Canada took the bronze. Pim Schipper of the Netherlands won Division B of race two.
Race 1
Race one took place on Friday, 21 November, with Division B scheduled in the morning session, at 12:09, and Division A scheduled in the afternoon session, at 16:35.
Division A
Division B
Race 2
Race two took place on Sunday, 23 November, with Division B scheduled in the morning session, at 10:58, and Division A scheduled in the afternoon session, at 13:45.
Division A
Division B
References
Men 00500
2 |
20468347 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simara%20Bhawanipur | Simara Bhawanipur | Simara Bhawanipur is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5,035 people living in 978 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
44498701 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachikapalam | Pachikapalam | Pachikapalam or Pachikapallam is a village and a Subdivisions of India in Chittoor district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.
Geography
Pachikapalam is located at . It has an average elevation of 266 meters (875 feet).
References
Villages in Chittoor district |
17330261 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gifting%20remittances | Gifting remittances | "Gifting remittances" describes a range of scholarly approaches relating remittances to anthropological literature on gift giving. The terms draws on Lisa Cliggett's "gift remitting", but is used to describe a wider body of work. Broadly speaking, remittances are the money, goods, services, and knowledge that migrants send back to their home communities or families. Remittances are typically considered as the economic transactions from migrants to those at home. While remittances are also a subject of international development and policy debate and sociological and economic literature, this article focuses on ties with literature on gifting and reciprocity or gift economy founded largely in the work of Marcel Mauss and Marshall Sahlins. While this entry focuses on remittances of money or goods, remittances also take the form of ideas and knowledge. For more on these, see Peggy Levitt's work on "social remittances" which she defines as "the ideas, behaviors, identities, and social capital that flow from receiving to sending country communities."
Anthropologists on remittances
Anthropological work on remittances appears to be divided into two streams: one based on overseas diasporas of migrants (primarily in Latin America, the Caribbean, and Asia) and the other from urban areas to rural (primarily in Africa). While both are interested in the relationships among migrants and remittance recipients, the transnational work tends to approach financial remittances as a key source of support for rural households in the sending countries while the other focuses on monetary remittances as gifts, and on the intentionality of gift giving in maintaining relationships. All share a focus on the exchange within relationships, within the context of a household, family, kinship, community or other social network.
Within the transnationalism framework, Jeffrey Cohen and Dennis Conway have detailed a debate in which remittances are treated as either sources of development (for example by funding water infrastructure projects in sending communities) or dependency (by perpetuating a cycle migration and remittances to maintain households and communities). They draw on their experiences with transnational migrants in Oaxaca, Mexico to show that this is a false divide. Their focus on the noneconomic, gender, and informal economy relationships that accompany migration, highlights the shared emphasis on relationships and social context which marks anthropological treatment of remittances as distinct and which ties transnational work with that of those explicitly focusing on gift remitting.
Although in apparent disagreement with Cohen and Conway on the development/dependency debate, Leigh Binford strengthens the call for studying remittances as an international process, documenting the impact of remittances on both sides of the exchange, an approach to which anthropologists are well trained. One space for such a transnational treatment of “gifting remittances” is in the analysis of barrels filled with new and recycled gifts sent home, typically to the Caribbean or Asia.
Gift Remitting, Remitting the Gift
While remittances could also be theorized as gifts are not considered as remmitance in the above-mentioned transnational work, the terms gift remitting and remitting the gift make explicit the focus on gifts and the accompanying social ties. Discussion of “gift remittances” goes back at least to Aderanti Adepoju's work in Nigeria on the socio-economic links between urban migrants and their rural sending communities in which money is remitted alongside gifts not readily available in the home country. In this work the focus on socio-cultural context and networks is strong. That the economic cost may be high for the migrant head of household is highlighted as visiting and bringing the requisite gifts can be very expensive, a disincentive to visiting the non-migrating family and community members.
Margo Russell writes that defining remitted moneys as gifts rather than payments enhances freedom and flexibility for the giver. This works in Swaziland because moneys are not sent to a household but to “a range of individuals in urban and rural areas to whom, because of specific relationships, various workers feel a particular obligation.” Here ties are not just of affect; they are of mutual obligation reinforced through the passage of gifts. Gifting remittances fits within and strengthens a larger pattern of reciprocity and obligation in Swaziland.
Following on the work of these earlier anthropologists working in Africa, Lisa Cliggett uses the phrases "gift remitting" and "remitting the gift" to describe urban to rural gifting among Zambian families, highlighting that these remittances are more irregular, are of lesser amounts, and tend to be material as opposed to monetary. In Zambia, urban migration and remittance strategies serve to uphold ties, thereby reducing insecurity and allowing for return migration, particularly in old age. Unlike the interests of policy makers and scholars interested in remittances for development, Cliggett emphasizes that: "Zambia migrants do not remit large sums of cash or goods, and that the fundamental concern for migrants in Zambia is investing in people and relationships through remitting, rather than investing in development, improved living conditions or other capital in rural sending communities."
Trager provides support from a similar phenomenon in Nigeria, where she has observed intentional use of even minimal remittances and services to maintain home-town ties with family, kin, and the community as a whole. The regular giving of remittances and other services such as joining hometown associations and helping in community fund-raising maintained ties. Conway and Cohen also describe cases in which remittance to the community and communal reciprocal relationships were equally important to kin. Along the lines of Mark Granovetter’s strength of weak ties, they describe non-kin relationships as even more important as household ties and obligations as the social aid networks are very flexible and reinforcing.
Charles Piot’s Remotely Global: Village Modernity in West Africa places the analysis of domestic gift remitting explicitly within a framework of global change, showing how remittances from wage workers and gifts from successful cash croppers are transforming landscape and relations of exchange, personhood, and social solidarity. His work reinforces that gifting exists alongside and within the capitalist world economy and represents an attempt to update Marcel Mauss’s theory of the gift for the 21st Century, a project more fully undertaken by Maurice Godelier.
Anthropology of Gifting
The Gift
In her forward to The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies, Mary Douglas summarizes Marcel Mauss’s argument succinctly: “no free gift” as gifts entail maintenance of mutual ties. In terms of potlatch in North America, this meant that each gift is “part of a system of reciprocity in which the honor of giver and recipient are engaged” and failing to return means losing the competition for honor.” A Maussian approach to giving and reciprocity provides useful insight into the analysis of “gifting remittances” precisely because of the focus on constructing and maintaining ties through the giving and receiving of such funds, goods, and services.
From the Spirit of the Gift to the Social Life of Things
Since Mauss discussed the ability of gifts to drive giving, receiving, and reciprocating gifting as animating objects through a piece of the giver going with the property, the spirit of the gift has been a subject of scholarship. Mauss termed this spirit “hua” a Māori word describing “the spirit of things” and discusses its mana, referring to a certain power or authority of the giver or the gift itself. Because of the “thing itself possesses a soul” for the Māori, and for Mauss's theory of the gift “to make a gift of something to someone is to make a present of some part of oneself” and “to accept something from somebody is to accept some part of his spiritual essence, of his soul.” More simply put, receiving a gift carries with it an obligation to receive and to reciprocate, and the gift itself drives this system of exchange. It is based on this that the anthropology of gifting is located on the contextual and historically contingent relationship between giver and receiver turned reciprocator.
Trager's work in Nigeria supports the sense of obligation tied to gift giving, or, conversely, the need for continued use of gifting remittances and services to maintain relationships with kin and community: “Even those with little interest in community affairs or in ever living in the home town themselves, feel obliged to maintain ties in these ways.”
In Enigma of the Gift Maurice Godelier summarizes and critiques Marcel Mauss’s work in “The Gift.”, updating it to more explicitly treat interwoven domains of market exchange, gift exchange, and withholding objects from the realm of exchange. Mauss, however, had observed the persistence of gift giving in his contemporary society of early 20th century France in Chapter 4 of The Gift, wherein he raised an important criticism of the concept of utility and its attendant theories of value, which were coming to dominate economic theory of day, even so far as to inform the French policies that created the social welfare system (Fournier 2006, Gane 1992). Noting that Mauss did well to highlight the three obligations of gift exchange (gift, receipt, reciprocation) his focus was strongest on the question of reciprocity and he failed to pay sufficient attention to receiving or giving. Godelier suggests that Mauss's depiction of the spirit of the gift as the ultimate explanation for its reciprocation - not just as a symbol or bonds of knowledge of social relations – resulted from Mauss's inability to adequately resolve his own questions, thereby leaving objects with agency, free of the people who created it. ("It will basically look as if things themselves had persons in tow". Godelier says this positioning of spirit and agency in the gift basically leaves all objects and all of nature as human and human centered, set in motion purely by human will.)
All of the articles grouped here under the loose rubric of “gifting remittances” share this fundamental focus on locating exchange within socio-cultural relationships and using the insight that gifting/remitting grants broader insight into the broader economy and culture, approximating Mauss's treatment of the study of the gift as a window onto a study of the sum total of social life. Yet none goes so far as to speak directly of the mana or hua of gifts or remittances even though the ability of gifts to spur reciprocation is part of the analysis and of the calculations of those doing the remitting. With his stance that the divide between gifts and commodity exchange is overstated, Arjun Appadurai’s treatment of gifts and commodities as, like people, having “social lives” is closer to their work. However, with this definition of the commodity as "anything intended for exchange" (1986: 9), he thereby makes gift giving into a social act that is nearly indistinguishable from commodity exchange and ultimately emphasizes the economic value of giving, rather than the social, moral or spiritual values that people mark as important. By blurring the distinction between commodities and gifts, a distinction that ordinary people routinely make in their everyday lives as they give emphasis to the value they place on specific social relationships, Appadurai undermines the possibility of understanding the movement of goods and money, between life as a commodity embedded in a market to life as a gift embedded in intimate relationships of giving, receiving, and reciprocating. For Appadurai the definitions of both commodities and gifts are not only socially constructed but provisional. From his position Appadurai can only describe, but he cannot explain, how social acts of giving gifts seem to multiply with the advance of the market.
Motivations and gifting
Drawing on Marshall Sahlins, Pierre Bourdieu reminds us that gifting morphs with social distance: as social distance increases, self-interest and calculation increases and the importance of generosity and equity declines... the logic of warfare enters even as people look for ways to mediate the distance by “striv[ing] to substitute a personal relationship for an impersonal, anonymous one”. Yet, while the capacity to calculate is universal the spirit of calculation (the presumed rationality of the economic actor) is culturally and historically contingent: the "economic habitus" of an actor is learned. Understanding that gifts move in and out of overlapping economic systems and that the manner in which they move may be impacted by social and physical space, is useful in analyzing the transnational and market-based relations in which remittances are generated, transferred, and spent.
Similarly, the motivations of actors over time are contingent and may, at one point, be altruistic and at other self-interested. Tumama describes motivations for remitting among New Zealand migrants which range from future investments to maintaining kinship ties which pushed some to go without food while striving to remit. A motivation of self-interest may become necessary as “it is likely that the pressures of providing for a family in New Zealand may override the gift giving traditions for some younger Pacific people” who are unable to meet the financial stress of general and traditional gift giving. Focusing on El Salvador, Ester Hernandez and Susan Bibler Coutin, take the discussion of motives – or portrayal of them – to the national level. They show that by treating remittances as “altruistic gifts or unrequited transfers,” central banks can make them appear as cost free money transfers. In turn, those who do not save a significant portion of received remittances are portrayed as selfish, i.e. as self-interested instead of altruistic actors.
Gifting and Social Analysis
In her overview of anthropological theory from the perspective of the gift, Karen Sykes presents analysis of the gift as a relationship between people in which the relationship is made substantial by the tangible exchange as encompassing not just ceremony (as with Malinowski) but all of social life (as with Mauss). For Sykes, focusing on the gift is a way to avoid the pitfall of focusing on the individual and having to conjecture individual motivations or on motivations and being locked into an abstract analysis of the contents of the human mind. Sykes argues that focusing on the relationship, or the exchange, keeps the analysis squarely within anthropological analysis of social relations. She concludes by arguing for focus on the gift as the focus of economic anthropology because, "when understood as a total social fact, gift giving concentrates many aspects of human relationships, but does not underwrite all of them as the economic." In her summary of gifting, Lisa Cliggett concurs: "gift giving is a good way to see all the various aspects of human nature in action at one time because gifts can be simultaneously understood as rational exchange, as a way to build political and social relations, and as expressions of moral ideas and cultural meanings" These insights, show that Mauss's assertion that gift exchange is about building social relationships remains a central part of gift theory to this day. Articulated as such (ex. Cliggett's work in Zambia) or not (Cohen's and Conway's work in Oaxaca), it is an insight that is also central to work within the general rubric of gifting remittances.
The Holy Ghost the TRuth Remittance
References
Bibliography
Adepoju, A. (1974). "Migration and Socio-Economic Links between Urban Migrants and Their Home Communities in Nigeria." Africa: Journal of the International African Institute 44(4): 383–396.
Appadurai, A. (1986). Introduction: Commodities and the Politics of Value. The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective. A. Appadurai. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (2000). "Making the economic habitus: Algerian workers revisted." Ethnography 1(1): 17–41.
Cliggett, L. (2003). "Gift Remitting and Alliance Building in Zambian Modernity: Old Answers to Modern Problems." American Anthropologist 105(3): 543–552.
Cliggett, L. (2005). "Remitting the gift: Zambian mobility and anthropological insights for migration studies." Population, Space and Place 11(1): 35–48.
Cohen, J., R. Jones, et al. (2005). "Why Remittances Shouldn't Be Blamed for Rural Underdevelopment in Mexico: A Collective Response to Leigh Binford." Critique of Anthropology 25(1): 87–96.
Cohen, J. H. (2001). "Transnational Migration in Rural Oaxaca, Mexico: Dependency, Development, and the Household." American Anthropologist 103(4): 954–967.
Conway, D. and J. H. Cohen (1998). "Consequences of Migration and Remittances for Mexican Transnational Communities." Economic Geography 74(1): 26–44.
Conway, D. and J. H. Cohen (2003). "Local Dynamics in Multi-local, Transnational Spaces of Rural Mexico: Oaxacan Experiences." International Journal of Population Geography 9: 141–161.
Godelier, M. (1999). The Enigma of the Gift. Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
Granovetter, M. (1973). The Strength of Weak Ties. American Journal of Sociology 78(6): 1360–1380.
Helms, M. W. (1998). Tangible Durability. M. W. Helms: 164–173.
Hernandez, E. and S. Bibler Coutin (2006). "Remitting subjects: migrants, money and states." Economy and Society 35(2): 185–208.
Levitt, P. (1998). "Social Remittances: Migration Driven Local-Level Forms of Cultural Diffusion." International Migration Review 32(4): 926–948.
Levitt, P. (2001). The Transnational Villagers. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Mauss, M. (1990[1950]). The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies. New York, Norton.
Piot, Charles. (1999). Remotely Global: Village Modernity in West Africa. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Russell, M. (1984). "Beyond Remittances: The Redistribution of Cash in Swazi Society." The Journal of Modern African Studies 22(4): 595–615.
Sahlins, M. (1972). Stone Age Economics. New York, Aldine de Gruyter.
Sykes, K. (2005). Arguing with Anthropology: An Introduction to Critical Theories of the Gift. London, Routledge.
Trager, L. (1998). "Home-Town Linkages and Local Development in South-Western Nigeria. Whose Agenda? Whose Impact?" Africa 68(3): 360–382.
Tumama Cowley, E., J. Paterson, et al. (2004). "Traditional Gift Giving Among Pacific Families in New Zealand." Journal of Family and Economic Issues 25(3): 431–444.
Weiner, A. B. (1992). Inalienable Possessions: The Paradox of Keeping While Giving. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Wilk, R. R. C., Lisa C. (2007). Economies and Cultures: Foundations of Economic Anthropology. Boulder, University of Colorado.
Remittances
International factor movements
Human migration |
20468359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirsiya | Sirsiya | Sirsiya is a village development committee in Parsa District in Province No. 2 of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1966 people living in 352 individual households.
Sirsiya is now known for its Inland Container Depot (ICD) or Dry Port that is very close to the border with India and connected to Raxaul railway junction in India across the border.
Sirsiya Inland Container Depot
The 6 km long metre gauge railway track from Raxaul was converted to broad gauge by the Indian railways to connect Sirsiya Inland Container Depot (ICD) (also known as Birganj Dry Port) that became fully operational in 2005. It facilitates direct movement of containers and break-bulk cargo from Kolkata port and other places in India. It has six full-rake railway sidings. It handles more than 20,000 TEU annually. Its can store 1568 TEU. It has been constructed on land.
The containerised cargo traffic of 20,000 TEU is almost exclusively import into Nepal. There is very little export in containers with less than 1,000 TEU cargo being exported annually. Break-bulk cargo of about 200,000 tons annually includes both imports and exports.
References
Populated places in Parsa District |
17330262 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20River%20Wildlife%20Management%20Area | Black River Wildlife Management Area | The Black River Wildlife Management Area is located along the Black River (also known as the Lamington River) in Chester Township of Morris County, New Jersey. This WMA is and includes diverse landscape with plentiful flora and fauna. The Patriots' Path follows an abandoned branch of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad along the river.
Other parks in the Black River valley are the Black River County Park and the Hacklebarney State Park.
See also
List of New Jersey wildlife management areas
References
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20080513143014/http://www.outdoorphotographer.com/content/2007/may/fp_jersey.shtml
http://www.nynjctbotany.org/njhigh/blkriver.html
Chester Township, New Jersey
Protected areas of Morris County, New Jersey
Wildlife management areas of New Jersey |
44498707 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iam%20lucis%20orto%20sidere%2C%20WAB%2018 | Iam lucis orto sidere, WAB 18 | (Now that the daylight fills the sky), WAB 18, is a motet composed by Anton Bruckner in 1868. The work is also known as In S. Angelum custodem (In the custody of the holy angel). Bruckner revised the composition in 1886.
History
Bruckner composed this motet in the summer of 1868 for the ("Guardian angel confraternity") of Wilhering Abbey. Bruckner dedicated it to Adolf Dorfer, the abbot of the abbey. Bruckner set the music on the text written by Robert Riepl, one of the priests working at the abbey. The motet was performed in the same year in the abbey.
Riepl's text is an adaptation of the text used by Orlande de Lassus. Bruckner's original manuscript, which was stored in the abbey, is lost. A copy of it is stored in the archive of the Kremsmünster Abbey and two other copies are found in the Austrian National Library. The motet was published in 1868 by the Wilhering Abbey.
In 1886, Bruckner made a new version of the motet for men's choir, which was published in the journal , volume 1, no. 8, p. 240, F. Mamroth, Vienna.
The includes two settings of the 1868 version in volume XXI/24, and the 1886 setting in volume XXI/35.
Music
The first version in Phrygian mode, which Bruckner composed in 1868, is 24-bar long. Two settings are extant: a first with all eight verses of Riepl's text for choir a cappella, and a second with only one verse of a different text for choir and organ. The motet is a simple, modally inspired piece and homophonic throughout.
A new version of the motet in G minor, which Bruckner composed in 1886, is one bar shorter (23-bar long). It uses verses 1, 2, 7 and 8 of Riepl's text and is set for choir a cappella.
Text of the first setting (Robert Riepl)
{|
|
|style="padding-left:2em;"|Now that daylight fills the sky,
Let it, O Guardian Angel,
Banish unclear minds
And bring the nourishing light!
Teach me prudently the correct order
And admonish me to reach it!
Reliably you come from Heaven
And return as a messenger to it.
Bring the offers, pains and tears
To the King's court;
Provide the Giver of talents
With a small gift from the servant!
Foster me, the unfortunate, embracing
With the sweetest consolation!
Prompt me, the dormant,
To the works of salvation!
Blame me, when I hesitate,
Give me the strength, when I fall!
Radiant of the pure light,
Which floods out from God,
I am in search of holiness.
Deliver me from stain,
So that the white lilies of chastity
Be not sullied.
By your powerful right repel
The powers of the Devil to Hell;
Destroy the pleasure of the flesh,
Which arises from pride,
So that, protected by your arms,
I may be victorious.
Break the inflexible obstinacy
Of the merciless heart;
I am oppressed by the burden of sin,
Relieve it by your powerful hand
And spare me the punishment of the guilty
By your prayers.
In storms let hurry the times
The temporal life will assault!
Let me disdain the ephemeral
And always seek the eternal,
So that my noble soul
Would remain in Heaven.
When mortal struggle is imminent,
Assist me, quavering, firmly!
Guide me through the shades of death,
Advocate me in front of the Judge
And on grounds of the acquittal
Might I enjoy the eternal splendour! Amen.
|}
Text of the second setting
{|
|
|style="padding-left:2em;"|Now that the daylight fills the sky,
My holy angel,
By your brightness
Draw the darkness from my soul;
Teach me the right way
And advise me to follow it.
|}
Selected discography
The first recording occurred in 1976:
Mathias Breitschaft, Limburger Domsingknaben, Bruckner: 9 Motets/Palestrina: 8 Motets – LP: Carus FSM 53118 (1st verse of the 1st setting)
1868 version
First setting
A few other recordings, all with deviations from the score:
Balduin Sulzer, Chor des Musikgymnasiums Linz, Musik aus der Stifterstraße – LP: Extempore AD-80.01/2, 1980 (verses 1, 2 & 3)
Robert Jones, Choir of St. Bride's Church, Bruckner: Motets – CD: Naxos 8.550956, 1994 (all 8 verses)
Lionel Sow, Choeur de Filles Caecilia & Maîtrise des Petits Chanteurs de Saint-Christophe de Javel, Johannes Brahms – Anton Bruckner Jardins secrets – CD: Studio SM Collection Blanche D3029, 2004 (verses 1, 2 & 3)
Second setting
Only one recording :
Balduin Sulzer, Mozart Chor Linz, Bruckner – CD: AtemMusik Records ATMU 97001, 1997 (with brass accompaniment)
1886 version
There are two recordings of this version:
Duncan Ferguson, Choir of St. Mary's Cathedral of Edinburgh, Bruckner: Motets – CD: Delphian Records DCD34071, 2010
Matthias Giesen, Schola Floriana, Kirchenmusik im Bruckner-Ort Ansfelden – CD: Weinberg Records SW 010497-2, 2016 (strophes 1 & 2)
References
Sources
Anton Bruckner – Sämtliche Werke, Band XXI: Kleine Kirchenmusikwerke, Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Hans Bauernfeind and Leopold Nowak (Editor), Vienna, 1984/2001
Cornelis van Zwol, Anton Bruckner 1824–1896 – Leven en werken, uitg. Thoth, Bussum, Netherlands, 2012.
Crawford Howie, Anton Bruckner – A documentary biography, online revised edition
External links
- 2nd setting
In S. Angelum custodem, WAB 18 Critical discography by Hans Roelofs
Iam lucis, a live performance of the third setting of the motet by Der junge Chor der Liederblüte of Oberweyer (2015), on YouTube
Motets by Anton Bruckner
1868 compositions
1886 compositions
Compositions in G minor |
44498769 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidya%20Sagar%20Pandya | Vidya Sagar Pandya | Vidya Sagar Pandya was an Indian banker and politician.
Personal life
He was born at Multan in 1876. His father was Pandit Basant Ram, an auditor. His ancestors included Accountants, Dealers and Bankers financing Governments and the aristocracy. He was educated at Hindu College, Vizagapatam, Christian College, Lahore and Government College, Lahore.
Career
He began working at his father's firm 'Basant Ram and Sons'.
In 1903 he joined the Peoples' Bank of India at Karachi as a Manager. In 1905 he became Manager of the Banks Head Office at Lahore. In 1907 he joined the Indian Bank, Madras as Secretary. He was one of the founders of the Southern India Chamber of Commerce, Madras.
In 1930 he became a member of the Central Legislative Assembly, nominated by Madras Indian Commerce.
References
Politicians from Lahore
1876 births
Year of death missing |
17330308 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yonah%20Martin | Yonah Martin | Yonah Martin (née Kim; born April 11, 1965) is a Conservative Canadian Senator from British Columbia. She was appointed by Prime Minister Stephen Harper in January 2009, and is the first Canadian of Korean descent to serve in the Senate of Canada and the first Korean-Canadian Parliamentarian in Canadian history.
She is currently the Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate. She served as Deputy Whip of the Government in the Senate, from May 2011 to August 2013; and has been Co-Chair of the Canada Korea Inter-Parliamentary Friendship Group since 2009.
Career
Born in Seoul, South Korea, Martin immigrated to Canada with her family in 1972, settling in Vancouver. With deep roots in both Korean and Canadian heritage, she became a community activist and voice of authority for Canadians of Korean descent. Inspired by her Canadian-born daughter and immigrant parents, and with a desire to "bridge communities", she co-founded C3 Society in 2003.
Martin graduated from the University of British Columbia in 1987, and earned a Master of Education in 1996. She spent 21 years as an educator in Abbotsford, Burnaby and Coquitlam school districts until her appointment to the Senate.
On June 19, 2013, her Bill S-213 (Korean War Veterans Day Act), which enacts July 27 as a day of remembrance for Veterans of the Korean War, received Royal Assent.
Martin called for the resignation of her Senatorial colleagues Patrick Brazeau, Pamela Wallin and Mike Duffy following the Canadian Senate Expense Scandal. The text of Martin's motion would have allowed the impugned senators to keep their Senate life, health and dental insurance.
Martin has received the Spirit of Community award for Cultural Harmony (2004), the Order of Korea Moran Medal from the Government of the Republic of Korea (2009) and the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal (2012).
Personal life
She has been married to Doug Martin since 1990, and they have a daughter.
Electoral record
Yonah Martin stood for election to the House of Commons of Canada as a candidate in the riding of New Westminster—Coquitlam.
References
External links
Yonah Martin
1965 births
Living people
British Columbia candidates for Member of Parliament
Conservative Party of Canada candidates for the Canadian House of Commons
Conservative Party of Canada senators
Canadian senators from British Columbia
Canadian politicians of Korean descent
Women members of the Senate of Canada
People from Seoul
Politicians from Vancouver
South Korean emigrants to Canada
Women in British Columbia politics
Moran Medals of the Order of Civil Merit (Korea)
21st-century Canadian women politicians |
23575912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%202006%20Central%20American%20and%20Caribbean%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20400%20metre%20individual%20medley | Swimming at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games – Women's 400 metre individual medley | The Women's 400 m Individual Medley event at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games occurred on Monday, July 17, 2006, at the S.U. Pedro de Heredia Aquatic Complex in Cartagena, Colombia.
Records at the time of the event were:
World Record: 4:33.59, Yana Klochkova (Ukraine), Sydney, Australia, September 16, 2000.
Games Record: 4:52.42, Carolyn Adel (Suriname), 1998 Games in Maracaibo (August.9.1998).
Results
Final
Preliminaries
References
Results: 2006 CACs--Swimming: Women's 400 IM--prelims from the official website of the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games; retrieved 2009-07-11.
Results: 2006 CACs--Swimming: Women's 400 IM--finals from the official website of the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games; retrieved 2009-07-11.
Medley, Women's 400m
2006 in women's swimming |
44498778 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1951%20UCLA%20Bruins%20football%20team | 1951 UCLA Bruins football team | The 1951 UCLA Bruins football team represented the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) during the 1951 college football season.
Schedule
Game summaries
USC
For the first time, the Bruins defeated the Trojans in consecutive seasons. UCLA won the previous season's game 39–0. Scoring for the Bruins were Don Stalwick, Ike Jones, and Donn Moomaw. Late in the fourth quarter, Jim Sears scored for USC to avoid another shutout.
References
UCLA
UCLA Bruins football seasons
UCLA Bruins football
UCLA Bruins football |
17330316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis%20de%20Florez | Luis de Florez | Luis de Florez (March 4, 1889 − November 1962) was a naval aviator and a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy that was actively involved in experimental aerospace development projects for the United States Government. As both an active duty and a retired U.S. Navy admiral, de Florez was influential in the development of early flight simulators, and was a pioneer in the use of "virtual reality" to simulate flight and combat situations in World War II.
Biography
Luis de Florez was from New York City. De Florez attended MIT, and graduated in 1911 with a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering. He wrote his thesis on the subject of an aircraft problem, titled "Thrust of Propellers in Flight." The Admiral de Florez Design and Innovation Award is named after him, and his son, Peter de Florez, who was an MIT professor, established a $500,000 fund to
foster and encourage activities related to humor at MIT. The de Florez Prize in Human Engineering was established in 1964 at his bequest.
De Florez worked in the United States Navy as a career officer in World War I. He worked in the aviation section of the Navy and also on the development of refinery technology.
In the 1930s, De Florez also worked as an engineering consultant for various oil companies. His name is on several patents, including a 1918 U.S. patent (#1,264,374) for a "Liquid prism device" with rigid closed sides which included a system for varying the density of a medium filling the prism and thereby varying the refraction of light waves passing through the prism, and a 1930 Canadian patent for the "cracking and distillation of hydrocarbon oils". During World War II, he gave up his business to help solve the Navy's training problems.
World War II
In 1941, then Commander de Florez visited the United Kingdom and wrote what would become an influential report on British aircraft simulator techniques. It influenced the establishing of the Special Devices Division of the Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics (what would later become the NAWCTSD).
Later that year, Commander de Florez became head of the new Special Devices Desk in the Engineering Division of the Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics. De Florez championed the use of "synthetic training devices" and urged the Navy to undertake development of such devices to increase readiness. He also worked on the development of antisubmarine devices. De Florez has been credited with over sixty inventions.
During World War II, he was subsequently promoted to captain and then to Flag rank, becoming a rear admiral in 1944.
In 1944, de Florez was awarded the Robert J. Collier Trophy for 1943 for his work in training combat pilots and flight crews through the development of inexpensive synthetic devices.
De Florez was awarded with the Legion of Merit in June 1945.
Post-war
In 1946, Tufts University awarded de Florez an honorary Doctor of Science degree at commencement.
Admiral de Florez was the first director of technical research at the CIA. In 1950, de Florez helped Robert Fulton get a contract with the Office of Naval Research to develop the Fulton surface-to-air recovery system. In 1954, as the CIA's chairman of research, de Florez argued against reprimanding those responsible for the then-secret but now controversial MKULTRA L.S.D. research program.
In the mid-1950s, de Florez was the president of the Flight Safety Foundation. Presented since 1966, the Foundation's Admiral Luis de Florez Flight Safety Award is named after him. It recognizes "outstanding individual contributions to aviation safety, through basic design, device or practice." De Florez established a trust to support the award that provides each recipient with $1,000.
De Florez worked as an aide to Navy Vice Admiral Harold G. Bowen, Sr., Director of Office of Research and Invention (ORI) (later named ONR).
He also once served as a director of Douglas Aircraft Corp.
Luis de Florez died in November 1962, at the age of 73 in the cockpit of his airplane, which was ready for take-off at a Connecticut airport. The main building complex at the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division, Naval Support Activity Orlando, Florida, is named in his honor.
See also
Hispanics in the United States Navy
Hispanic Americans in World War II
References
1889 births
1962 deaths
Collier Trophy recipients
MIT School of Engineering alumni
Members of the Early Birds of Aviation
People of the Central Intelligence Agency
United States Naval Aviators
United States Navy rear admirals
United States Navy personnel of World War I
United States Navy World War II admirals
Recipients of the Legion of Merit |
17330329 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard%20Ngumba%20Irungu | Bernard Ngumba Irungu | Bernard Ngumba Irungu (born 1 February 1976) is an amateur boxer from Kenya who competed in the 2008 Olympics at the men's flyweight competition after qualifying at the 2nd AIBA African 2008 Olympic Qualifying Tournament where he finished second behind Cassius Chiyanika. In Beijing, he lost in his first fight to Tulashboy Doniyorov.
External links
sports-reference
Qualifier
NBC data
Yahoo data
1976 births
Living people
Flyweight boxers
Boxers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Olympic boxers of Kenya
Kenyan male boxers |
17330369 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fun-Plex | Fun-Plex | Fun-Plex is an amusement park located at 7003 Q Street in the Ralston neighborhood of Omaha, Nebraska. It is the largest amusement park in Nebraska, Fun-Plex began as “The Kart Ranch” in 1979 with just a go-kart track. In 2015 Fun-Plex is putting a brand new water feature called Makana Splash a water play structure with a 317-gallon bucket that drops water on you. In 2016 Fun-Plex built Nebraska's Only Swim up bar called Breakers Bay Bar. In 2018 Fun-Plex adds Rockin’ Rapids, the biggest and most impressive addition to the park in 40 years! The attraction features two tube slides for single or double riders.
About
Rides at Fun-Plex include a slick track, bumper boats, and go-gator kiddie coaster. There is a waterpark with a wave pool, five story waterslides, a lazy river, and a children's pool. Other rides includes the Rock-O-Ride, a Tilt-A-Whirl, as well as a classic carousel and the Balloon Ferris wheel. In 2007, the facility boasted new go-karts and a larger track, as well a new 18-hole miniature golf. In 2007, the park introduced the "Big Ohhhh...", Nebraska's only roller coaster. The coaster has been used at several other parks previous to coming to Fun-Plex. The roller coaster was removed in 2018.
References
External links
Official website
Amusement parks in Omaha, Nebraska
Amusement parks opened in 1979
Tourist attractions in Omaha, Nebraska
1979 establishments in Nebraska |
17330400 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michler%27s%20ketone | Michler's ketone | Michler's ketone is an organic compound with the formula of [(CH3)2NC6H4]2CO. This electron-rich derivative of benzophenone is an intermediate in the production of dyes and pigments, for example Methyl violet. It is also used as a photosensitizer. It is named after the German chemist Wilhelm Michler.
Synthesis
The ketone is prepared today as it was originally by Michler using the Friedel-Crafts acylation of dimethylaniline (C6H5NMe2) using phosgene (COCl2) or equivalent reagents such as triphosgene
COCl2 + 2 C6H5NMe2 → (Me2NC6H4)2CO + 2 HCl → salt
The related tetraethyl compound (Et2NC6H4)2CO, also a precursor to dyes, is prepared similarly.
Uses
Michler's ketone is an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and pigments for paper, textiles, and leather. Condensation with various aniline derivatives gives several of the dyes called methyl violet, such as crystal violet.
Condensation of Michler's ketone with N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine gives the dye Victoria Blue B (CAS#2580-56-5, CI Basic Blue 26), which is used for coloring paper and producing pastes and inks for ballpoint pens.
Michler's ketone is commonly used as an additive in dyes and pigments as a sensitizer for photoreactions because of its absorption properties. Michler's ketone is an effective sensitizer provided energy transfer is exothermic and the concentration of the acceptor is sufficiently high to quench the photoreaction of Michler's ketone with itself. Specifically Michler's ketone absorbs intensely at 366 nm and effectively sensitizes photochemical reactions such as the dimerization of butadiene to give 1,2-divinylcyclobutane.
Related compounds
p-Dimethylaminobenzophenone is related to Michler's ketone, but with only one amine. Auramine O, a dye, is a salt of the iminium cation [(CH3)2NC6H4]2CNH2+. Michler's thione, [(CH3)2NC6H4]2CS, is prepared by treatment of Michler's ketone with hydrogen sulfide in the presence of acid or sulfideing auramine O. Hydride reduction of Michler's ketone gives 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrol.
References
Printing
Benzophenones
Anilines
Dimethylamino compounds |
17330408 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger%20Howell%20Jr. | Roger Howell Jr. | Roger Howell Jr. (1936 – September 27, 1989) was the tenth president of Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine, and the fourth to be an alumnus of the college.
Early life and career
Born in Baltimore, Maryland, Howell graduated summa cum laude with Highest Honors in History from Bowdoin College in 1958. Elected to Phi Beta Kappa in his junior year, he continued his education on a Rhodes Scholarship to St. John's College, Oxford, where he received a B.A., M.A., and D.Phil. One of the rare Americans to teach British history at Oxford, he was an instructor at Oxford's International Graduate School, as well as Johns Hopkins University, before returning to Bowdoin to teach history in 1964 and chairing its History Department in 1967.
Bowdoin College presidency
When Howell became the college's tenth president in 1968 at age 32, he was one of the youngest university presidents in the nation. Under his nine-year presidency, Bowdoin became a co-ed institution (1971), expanded its enrollment from 950 students to 1,350, founded its computing center, established Maine's first African-American center, developed African-American studies and 12-college exchange programs, and invited students to participate on Governing Boards committees.
In 1970, Bowdoin became the first academic institution in America to eliminate SAT I and College Board Achievement Test requirements. This set a trend to follow for other institutions, including Bates College, Franklin & Marshall College, Hamilton College, Middlebury College, Mount Holyoke College, Pitzer College, the University of Texas at Austin, and Wheaton College, among others.
Howell was also instrumental in the founding of the Bowdoin College Men's Rugby team in the 1969-1970 academic year. After becoming a rugby fan during his time at Oxford University, he not only offered administrative support for the club, but also helped with the coaching duties.
Also under Howell's presidency, Bowdoin's Visual Arts Center was erected in 1975 to provide much-needed space for instruction in the college's expanding Art History and Studio Art departments. Designed by Edward Larrabee Barnes, the center was built according to Howell's stipulations: "Not only must a building placed in close proximity to the Walker Art Building be architecturally of superior construction, but it must also be flexible enough in interior design to meet changing needs and methods of instruction."
By the time Howell stepped down from the presidency in 1978 to resume full-time teaching, writing and research at Bowdoin, it had received reaccreditation from the New England Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, which had "commended [it]...for offering a traditional educational excellently." Howell eventually earned the college's endowed chair of William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of the Humanities.
Publications
During his life, Howell wrote several books on British history, specializing in Tudor and Stuart England. His publications include biographies of Oliver Cromwell and Sir Philip Sidney, Newcastle upon Tyne and the Puritan Revolution: A Study of the Civil War in North England (1967), and Images of Oliver Cromwell: Essays For and By Roger Howell, completed posthumously by editor R.C. Richardson and published in 1993. Howell was also founder and editor of the British Studies Monitor. His presidential inaugural address, "A New Humanism," was published in book form by Bowdoin College in 1969.
Death
Howell died in 1989 from heart failure at the Maine Medical Center in Portland.
Remembrance
On October 21, 2000, Bowdoin's former Alpha Delta Phi fraternity house was renamed Howell House in honor of Roger Howell Jr., who had been a member of that fraternity as an undergraduate.
In 2001, Bowdoin's Board of Trustees established the Roger Howell Jr. Professorship. "With the establishment of the Roger Howell Jr. Professorship, we honor a man who was an outstanding student, a beloved and respected teacher and one of the leading historians of his day," said Bowdoin College President Robert H. Edwards upon naming Allen Wells to the new professorship. "No one ever evinced a greater love for the liberal arts or for Bowdoin, which he led as president for nine years, than Roger Howell."
References
External links
https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/29/obituaries/roger-howell-53-ex-president-of-bowdoin.html
http://www.bowdoin.edu/news/archives/1bowdoincampus/000937.shtml
http://www.fairtest.org/university/optional
1936 births
1989 deaths
Presidents of Bowdoin College
Bowdoin College alumni
People from Baltimore
Alumni of St John's College, Oxford |
17330517 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1466%20M%C3%BCndleria | 1466 Mündleria | 1466 Mündleria, provisional designation , is a carbonaceous asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 22 kilometers in diameter.
It was discovered on 31 May 1938, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany, and later named after German astronomer Max Mündler.
Orbit and classification
Mündleria orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 8 months (1,339 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. Mündlerias observation arc begins with its official discovery observation in 1938. It was first identified as at Heidelberg in 1923.
Physical characteristics
The asteroid has been characterized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.
Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Mündleria measures between 22.13 and 24.95 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.037 and 0.061. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.055 and a diameter of 21.46 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.1.
Lightcurves
As of 2017, no useful rotational lightcurve of Mündleria has been obtained. The body's rotation period, poles and shape remain unknown.
Naming
This minor planet was named after German astronomer Max Mündler (1876–1969), staff member at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory where the body was discovered. The name was proposed by Heinrich Vogt after whom the minor planet 1439 Vogtia is named. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 ().
References
External links
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
001466
Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth
Minor planets named for people
Named minor planets
19380531 |
20468360 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentin%20Miculescu | Valentin Miculescu | Valentin Miculescu (born 4 September 1975) is a Romanian former footballer who last played for Liga II club FCM Reșița.
Club career
Miculescu had a spell in Hungary where he played for Békéscsaba Előre.
Personal life
Valentin's son, David Miculescu, is also a footballer.
References
External links
1975 births
Living people
Romanian footballers
Association football forwards
Liga II players
FC Politehnica Timișoara players
FC UTA Arad players
FC Bihor Oradea players
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Békéscsaba 1912 Előre footballers
Romanian expatriate footballers
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
Expatriate footballers in Hungary
Sportspeople from Timișoara |
20468371 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcotango%20vol.%202%20%28album%29 | Narcotango vol. 2 (album) | Narcotango vol. 2 is a studio album by Argentine Carlos Libedinsky.
Track listing
2006 albums
Carlos Libedinsky albums |
20468374 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tejapakar | Tejapakar | Tejapakar is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,296 people living in 605 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
17330527 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A1ngel | Arcángel | Austin Agustín Santos (born December 23, 1985), better known by his stage name Arcángel, is an American reggaeton singer. He was born in New York City to Dominican parents. He and his family moved to Puerto Rico and after turning 12, he began moving back and forth between New York City and Puerto Rico. He returned to Puerto Rico in 2002, interested in becoming a performer of reggaeton, a contemporary Latin American urban music genre. While living in Puerto Rico, he eventually formed part of a popular then-underground reggaeton act, Arcángel & De La Ghetto. The duo went on to make songs that became popular among reggaeton fans in the United States and Puerto Rico, including "Agresivo", "Sorpresa" and "Mi Fanática" during the mid-2000s.
Arcángel went on to release his debut studio album, El Fenómeno, in late 2008. The album included songs that were produced in 2008, as well as the DJ Nelson produced "Chica Virtual", which was produced in 2007 by Dj Nelson and part of the producers album Flow La Discoteka 2. Half of the album also included newly produced tracks, ones including "Pa' Que la Pases Bien" and "Por Amar a Ciegas", which went on to become successful airplay songs on American Latin Urban radio stations across the United States.
Early life
Arcangel was born in New York City to Dominican parents. He grew up in Villa Palmeras, Santurce, Puerto Rico. His mother, Carmen Rosa, was a former member of the all-women merengue group, Las Chicas del Can, who were popular during the mid 1980s to the early 1990s. Arcangel grew up listening to various types of music and has been a fan of rock music, particularly Robi Draco Rosa, a Puerto Rican pop rock artist and a former member of Menudo. Arcángel was not always a fan of reggaeton; he claims that it is not his favorite type of music, but it is easy to sing to. During the early 2000s, Arcángel grew fond of the new kind of music. Listening to artists like Tego Calderón and Tempo, it inspired him to pursue a rapping career in Puerto Rico.
Music career
2004–2007: Career beginnings with De La Ghetto
After returning to Puerto Rico in 2002, Arcángel had decided to follow in the footsteps of the upbringing of reggaeton music. He went on to form part of an underground reggaeton act, Arcángel & De La Ghetto. The duo was signed to reggaeton artist Zion's record label, Baby Records, a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. The duo were also involved with Machete Music in 2004 during the time that they were recording for reggaeton compilation albums. Arcángel & De La Ghetto rose to fame in 2006 on the reggaeton compilation album hosted by Héctor "El Father", Sangre Nueva, with their hit song, "Ven y Pegate". They were also featured on the Luny Tunes-hosted compilation Mas Flow: Los Benjamins in 2006.
Though an active musical duo, Arcángel & De La Ghetto never released a studio album since the formation of the duo. Any production they had been involved with only resulted in tracks and recordings being included on compilation albums or leaked onto the Internet. This was due to a conflict with Baby Records because the company was not releasing any material by Arcángel & De La Ghetto onto an album of their own. Arcángel claimed to have even spent $150,000 on producing an album, which resulted in the label not releasing it to market. The tracks produced were said to have been leaked onto the Internet instead. Arcángel had then filed a lawsuit with Baby Records in 2007 for US$1,000,000 and eventually left the record company in December 2006, when he announced that he was embarking on a solo career and founding a label of his own.
2008–present: Solo career and debut album
After the separation of the duo in early 2007, Arcángel went on to perform solo, working with various reggaeton producers and performers on compilation albums. Most notable of them was a compilation album produced in 2007, Flow la Discoteka 2, which was produced by songwriter and record producer DJ Nelson. The album was an upbringing of different artists trying to rise to fame, one of those including Arcángel, who made a track titled "Chica Virtual", which went on to be one of his most recognizable songs, as well as being a popular airplay single on American Latin Urban radio stations, charting at number 9 on the Billboard Latin Rhythm Airplay chart. It also charted at number 22 on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart.
Since the departure in early 2008, nevertheless, the decision to release the album was cancelled due to the album being leaked onto the Internet during spring 2008. The tracks were distributed through his official website and file sharing sites relating to reggaeton under the title La Maravilla. One of the internet leaks, a song titled "Pa' Que la Pases Bien", went on to be a popular airplay track on American Latin Urban radio stations across the United States. The unreleased album being leaked onto the internet resulted in making Arcángel more popular among reggaeton fans in the United States, as well as Puerto Rico.
Arcángel founded Flow Factory Inc. in 2008, and his mother became his manager afterward. He claimed that it was easier having his mother be his manager so that he would not have to pay 20 percent of money received from record sales to his record label and manager. He went on to release his debut album, El Fenómeno, in late 2008. The album included songs that were produced in the last quarter of 2007 and the first quarter of 2008, including the DJ Nelson produced "Chica Virtual". Half of the album was tracks that he originally produced for an album that was to be released in the first quarter of 2008. The other half of the album also included newly produced tracks, ones including "Por Amar a Ciegas", which went on to become a successful airplay single on Latin urban radio stations across the United States.
In mid-January 2009, Arcángel announced plans of a European tour sometime during 2009, in promotion of his debut album, El Fenómeno, and to receive more exposure across the world from reggaeton fans. To comment on the tour, he claimed that in order for it to be successful, good equipment would be highly important, and by going on the tour, he would be able to learn more about a continental tour experience. Arcángel confirmed to be touring in several countries, including Germany, France, Portugal, Spain, England, the Netherlands and Denmark. His mixtape The Problem Child was released in April 2010, with his following mixtape Optimus A.R.C.A. released in October 2010.
On February 28, 2012, Pina Records issued a newsletter informing that Arcangel had signed with the label, becoming the latest addition to the Pina Records team called "La Formula". Pina Records is based in San Juan, Puerto Rico and operates offices in Colombia and Venezuela. Through the label, Arcángel released his 2013 album Sentimiento, Elegancia & Maldad.
Legal issues
In 2012, he was arrested in San Juan, Puerto Rico, for driving under the influence of alcohol and speeding. In 2019, Arcángel got into legal trouble for domestic battery and was set to appear in court in June 2020.
Discography
Studio albums
El Fenómeno (2008)
Sentimiento, Elegancia & Maldad (2013)
Ares (2018)
Historias de un Capricornio (2019)
Los Favoritos 2 (2020)
Los Favoritos 2.5 (2021)
Collaboration albums
Los Favoritos (2015) with DJ Luian
Mixtapes
The Problem Child (2010)
Optimus A.R.C.A. (2010)
References
External links
1985 births
Living people
American hip hop singers
American reggaeton musicians
American singers of Dominican Republic descent
Latin trap musicians
People from East Harlem
Puerto Rican people of Dominican Republic descent
Puerto Rican reggaeton musicians
Singers from New York City
Songwriters from New York (state)
Spanish-language singers of the United States
21st-century American singers
Latin music songwriters |
6900803 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury%20Fur | Mercury Fur | Mercury Fur is a play written by Philip Ridley which premiered in 2005. It is Ridley's fifth adult stage play and premiered at the Plymouth Theatre Royal, before moving to the Menier Chocolate Factory in London.
Set against the backdrop of a dystopian London, the narrative focuses on a party at which the torture and murder of a child is the main entertainment.
The original production was directed by John Tiffany as part of the This Other England season of new writing by Paines Plough and Theatre Royal, Plymouth in England. The part of Elliot was played by Ben Whishaw, who during the previous year had achieved fame and an Olivier Award Nomination for Best Actor for his performance as Hamlet.
The play is particularly noted for being the subject of controversy: Ridley's publisher, Faber and Faber, refused to publish the script and the original production received regular walkouts from audience members along with a generally divided and sometimes hostile response from critics. Over time, Mercury Fur has generally attracted a much more positive reception, with some critics even hailing the play as a "masterpiece".
The play is the first entry in Ridley's unofficially titled "Brothers Trilogy", being followed by Leaves of Glass and Piranha Heights.
Ridley dedicated the play to his agent Rod Hall, who was murdered in May 2004. According to Ridley, the dedication was not originally made in response to Hall's death as it had been arranged some time prior to when Hall was killed.
Story
Mercury Fur is set in a post-apocalyptic version of London's East End, where gang violence and drugs - in the form of hallucinogenic butterflies - terrorize the community. The protagonists are a gang of youths surviving by their wits. They deal the butterflies, selling them to their addicted customers from locations such as the now burnt-out British Museum. Their main source of income, however, is holding parties for wealthy clients in which their wildest, most amoral fantasies are brought to life.
The play, during nearly two uninterrupted hours, centres on a party which revolves around the sadistic murder of a child, enacted according to the whims of a guest. The gang ultimately has to face the question of how far they are willing to go to save the people they love.
Characters
Elliot - Aged 19, he is the main facilitator in preparing the parties as well as being the chief dealer in butterflies which he sells in an ice cream van. He however has only ever taken one, meaning he has retained all his memories from before the butterflies arrived. He hurls a great deal of verbal abuse at Darren but also shows genuine love for him.
Darren - Aged 16, he is Elliot's brother and assistant. He is addicted to the butterflies which have resulted in him having memory loss.
Naz - A young looking 15-year-old orphan who is a regular customer of Elliot's. He like many of the other characters has severe memory loss through butterfly addiction. He happens across the party by accident and wants to help the gang, much to the dismay of Elliot.
Party Piece - A ten-year-old boy. He is the victim prepared for the Party Guest.
Lola - 19-years-old, Lola is skilled in using make-up and designing costumes, which is utilised for the parties. Lola wears feminine clothing and is physically male in appearance. It is not specified in the play if Lola is a transgender woman or a transvestite man (in the play-text Lola is referred to by the "he" pronoun in the stage directions). In 2015 Ridley was asked at a Q&A why the character of Lola is not portrayed by "a female actor". He responded to this by saying that the reason was because "he's transgender, at that stage of transgender he's a... he's a male. […] He's born male and he identifies as a woman."
Spinx - 21 years old, he is the leader of the gang and Lola's brother. He looks after the Duchess with whom it is suggested he has an intimate relationship with. The rest of the gang are mostly fearful of him.
Duchess - A frail and blind 38-year-old woman. She gets her name from being deceived into thinking that she is a duchess of a country. Her belief in this is maintained through her having to rely on the accounts of others as to her situation due to her blindness. She has also mixed up her life history with the character of Maria from The Sound of Music. It is heavily suggested that she may have a closer connection to Elliot and Darren than it initially appears.
Party Guest - 23 years old. The party revolves around enacting his own violent sexual fantasy against a child.
Response and legacy
Rejected publication from Faber and Faber
Before the play received its premiere Ridley's publisher Faber and Faber (who had published the majority of his previous plays) refused to publish the play-text of Mercury Fur.
Ridley has said that he was told that Faber had "objected to the play because of its cruelty to children" and that what he had written "had gone too far". This reasoning was felt to be somewhat ironic as Faber’s decision to refuse publication was relayed to Ridley by phone whilst he was watching footage on his TV of the Beslan school siege, which claimed the lives of over 330 children. Ridley has stated that "The first comment that the editor at Faber said to me was, “I've got to tell you that several people here are seriously offended by this.” I have a thing about dialogue, so I remember. Those were her words. It was as if they'd all suddenly turned into a bunch of Cardinal Wolseys, deciding what was right and wrong. It's not their job to be moral arbiters; it's their job to publish. I think Faber realised they couldn't say this, so after a few weeks they decided to rephrase it as, 'It's a piece of writing that I do not admire.'" Ridley also states that "There was no discussion. I wasn't invited in to clarify my intentions. I sent them a letter saying I thought they had misread it, but they didn't want a discussion. Of course I'm upset, but it is not just an ego thing. If a publisher is saying, 'You've gone too far', what kind of message is that sending out to writers?"
As a result, Ridley parted ways with Faber and joined Methuen who published Mercury Fur instead.
Initial reception and controversy
The play became a theatrical cause célèbre when it premiered, with walkouts reported each night of the show's original run.
Although most critics praised the production’s acting and direction, Ridley’s script was very divisive.
Critics were especially split regarding the play’s depiction of cruelty, which was condemned by some as gratuitous and sensationalist in nature. Matthew Sweet wrote that the play had content that "seemed little more than a questionable authorial indulgence - an exercise in exploitative camp" that reduced "the sensitivity of the audience until they began to find such images [of cruelty] ludicrous and tiresome". Charles Spencer was highly critical, describing Mercury Fur as "the most violent and upsetting new play" of the last ten years, adding that "It positively revels in imaginative nastiness" and condemning it as "a poisonous piece". He went on to declare that everyone involved with the production had been "degraded" and, more controversially, that Ridley was "turned on by his own sick fantasies."
In contrast, the play’s violent content was defended by a variety of reviewers. Kate Bassett wrote that "One might complain that Ridley is a puerile shock jock [or] wonder if the playwright isn't indulging in his own nasty fantasies or even encouraging copycat sadism […] Ridley is writing in the tradition of Greek and Jacobean tragedies. He underlines that brutality warps, suggests that love and morals persist, and is deliberately creating a nightmare scenario rife with allusions to actual world news." Other critics felt that the play justified any shock or offense it might cause. The Independent'''s Paul Taylor wrote that "the play has the right to risk toying with being offensive to bring home just how morally unsettling this depraved, perverted-kicks world has become. If you could sit through it unaffronted on the artistic level, it would surely have failed in its mission." Likewise, John Peter wrote that "Ridley is an observer, shocked and conscientious, as appalled as you are. But he understands the mechanics of cruelty and the minds of people who are fascinated by cruelty and take an obscure pleasure in moralising about it. Ridley doesn't moralise, but he expects you to respond, and he delivers a moral shock." Some other critics also felt that the play contained moral content, such as Aleks Sierz who called it "a very moral play, in which the bad end badly, and the good go down tragically".
Some critics saw political resonances in the play along with allusions to real-world events. The Herald's Carole Woddis wrote that "Ridley’s upsetting portrayal is, I believe, an honourable response to the genocides in Rwanda and atrocities in Iraq". John Peter declared that "Philip Ridley has written the ultimate 9/11 play: a play for the age of Bush and Bin Laden, of Donald Rumsfeld and Charles Clarke; a play for our time, when a sense of terror is both nameless and precise." However, Paul Taylor found that "the political context is too conveniently hazy", and John Gross wrote that "any political arguments are lost amid the sadistic fantasies, kinky rituals, gruesome anecdotes and flights of science fiction", with similar comments coming from Brian Logan: "whatever questions playwright Philip Ridley seeks to pose are drowned out by the shrieking and bloodshed".
Critics were also split on the credibility of the play’s world and its speculative depiction of societal collapse. Michael Billington was critical, stating that he distrusted the play "from its reactionary despair and assumption that we are all going to hell in a handcart" along with writing that it succumbed "to a fashionable nihilism" and that Ridley’s portrayal of social-breakdown "flies in the face of a mass of evidence one could produce to the contrary." In contrast, Alastair Macaulay described the play as a "realistic nightmare" which portrayed "a kind of believable hell […] like the darkest parallel-universe version of the world we know". Aleks Sierz felt that the play’s conclusion was "utterly convincing, even if - in our liberal souls - it seems like a wild exaggeration." In contrast Brian Logan wrote that "I never really believed in ‘Mercury Fur’. Its futuristic setting is more hypothetical than real; it also absolves the audience of moral complicity", whilst John Peter wrote that "most science fiction is moral fiction".
Various critics went on to compare the play to other controversial works, particularly A Clockwork Orange and the plays of Sarah Kane. Some even went as far as to voice concern for the wellbeing for the young actor portraying The Party Piece or thought that the play might make audience members vomit.
Despite this, there were critics that were especially supportive. Alastair Macaulay described the play as "an amazing feat of imagination, engrossing and poetic" whilst Aleks Sierz wrote that the play "makes you feel alive when you're watching it" and declared it to be "probably the best new play of the year". John Peter urged people to see it: "It is a play you need to see for its diagnosis of a terror-stricken and belligerent civilization. I recommend it strongly to the strong in heart."
The critical discordance resulted in some critics being at odds with each other. Having enjoyed the show, critic Miranda Sawyer wrote that she felt "despair" from the negative reviews from "proper" theatre critics and wondered "Where are the theatre critics that speak for me and those like me?" She went on to say that there would be no "room for every type of play in Britain" if critics "remain fuddy-duddies [and] continue to discourage new writing that they don't understand". Sawyer’s comments were challenged by critic Ian Shuttleworth who felt that she implied that the critical divide was generational, which he disputed by citing older critics who defended the play.
In defending the production, director John Tiffany explained that although the play is full of "incredibly shocking images and stories, almost all the violence happens off stage. It is almost Greek in its ambition" and that the play is "the product of a diseased world, not a diseased mind".
Responding to the critical backlash, Ridley described the critics as "blinder than a bagful of moles in a coal cellar", a comment partially made in reference to him witnessing the critic Charles Spencer fall over furniture onstage while trying to find his seat on the play's press night. Ridley went on to argue that theatre in Britain "is the only art form that I can think of where you feel you are in direct conflict with the people who are trying to judge your work" and stated that there was "a serious disconnection between the artists who are working and are trying to move an art movement forward and those who are putting judgement of those artists […] I see it in work of other artists in which it is being inhibited, and this is sending out terrible signals". These and other comments Ridley made about his critics were condemned as "impressively bilious" and "crassly malicious" by Theatre Record editor Ian Shuttleworth.
Defending the play, Ridley expressed what he felt were double standards within the theatrical establishment, in that it is acceptable for there to be scenes of violence in classical drama but not within contemporary plays:
"Why is it that it is fine for the classic plays to discuss - even show - these things, but people are outraged when contemporary playwrights do it? If you go to see King Lear, you see a man having his eyes pulled out; in Medea, a woman slaughters her own children. The recent revival of Iphigenia at the National was acclaimed for its relevance. But when you try to write about the world around us, people get upset. If I'd wrapped Mercury Fur up as a recently rediscovered Greek tragedy it would be seen as an interesting moral debate like Iphigenia, but because it is set on an east-London housing estate it is seen as being too dangerous to talk about. What does that say about the world we live in? What does it say about theatre today?"
Ridley also explained that he felt critics had disliked Mercury Fur because of its subject matter and not for the theatrical experience the play is trying to create for its audience:
"I don’t think there is anything wrong with people being disturbed within the theatre at all… I think theatre is fifteen years behind any other art form… It’s still perceived as a kind of subject matter based art form. You wouldn’t go along and look at a Suzanne painting and criticize it just on the choice of apples [s]he’s chosen to paint, you’d criticize it, and you’d judge it and experience it for the use of paint… Because we come from a basic literal tradition we still view stage plays as kind of glorified novels and we judge them purely on their subject matter, regardless of the theatrical experience of sitting there and watching the play."
Ridley also defended the depiction of violence within the story, arguing that it is used for a moral purpose and that the play is more about love than violence:
"The things that happen in Mercury Fur are not gratuitous, they are heart-breaking. The people may do terrible things but everything they do is out of love, in an attempt to keep each other safe. The play is me asking, 'What would I do in that position?' If you knew that to keep your mother, brother and lover safe, you would have to do terrible things, would you still do them? That's the dilemma of the play. It asks us all, 'What lengths would you go to to save the people you love?'"
Despite this controversy – or perhaps because of it – the play sold out on its initial run and, by the end, was playing to an enthusiastic young audience.
2010 police incident
In 2010 police almost raided Theatre Delicatessen's production of the play (which was staged in a derelict office block) when a resident living next door believed the play's violent scenes were being carried out for real. Actors waiting offstage along with the company's producer intervened before the police would have stopped the performance.
Behind the Eyes
In February 2011 the play was used by the Schema Arts Collective as the basis for a community arts project called Behind the Eyes, which took place at the Sassoon Gallery, London.
The project featured an amateur production of Mercury Fur which was cut down to 40 minutes and used actors from the local area. The performance was particular in its use of sound design with edited audio recordings of the actors and gallery environment incorporated into the production.
The project also featured a thirty-minute documentary film Mercury Fur Unveiled about the cast and creative team's process of realising the project and their views on the play. The documentary was later broadcast on the Community Channel in 2013 and is free to watch online.Behind the Eyes also displayed artwork inspired by the play with a large mural of a shark (which was also utilised as the production's scenic backdrop) and Ridley himself collaborated by exhibiting a series of photographic portraits he had created of the cast.
Critical reappraisal
In 2012 the play was arguably critically reassessed when revived by The Greenhouse Theatre Company, with the production receiving extremely positive reviews and even marketed as "Ridley’s Masterpiece", a statement which was also made by critic Aleks Sierz and A Younger Theatre reviewer Jack Orr.
The play also drew attention for its relevance in the aftermath of the 2011 England Riots with the production's online trailer using dialogue from the play over footage from the riots.
New monologues
For the 2012 production, Ridley wrote four individual new monologues for the characters Elliot, Naz, Lola and Darren which were filmed and put on The Greenhouse Theatre Company's YouTube channel to promote the play transferring to the West End.Greenhouse Theatre Company's YouTube webpage, featuring all four monologues and the production trailer
Legacy and influence
On seeing the original production, dramaturg and theatre director Lisa Goldman described the play as "one of the greatest theatre experiences of my life" which led to her commissioning and directing Ridley's next two plays Leaves of Glass and Piranha Heights.
Mark Ravenhill (a playwright who is generally recognised for his 1996 in-yer-face play Shopping and Fucking) named Mercury Fur as "the best play" he had seen in 2005.
The playwright Lou Ramsden has described the play as a major influence on her work, stating that "nothing changed my theatrical outlook quite like [the] first production of Mercury Fur at the Menier Chocolate factory… It showed me that I could do more than just picture a stage – I could use the circumstances of the theatre as well. The fact that the audience were in an inescapable black box served to ramp up the tension of the play, to unbearable levels... My heart literally pounded. I was thrilled by the revelation that theatre could be more than just an exercise in language, or a nice, polite, passively watched story – it could elicit a physical reaction, giving people a horrifyingly visceral roller-coaster ride." Ramsden has cited how this experience of hers informed the writing of her 2010 play Breed and her 2011 play Hundreds and Thousands.
Ridley has described Mercury Fur as a turning point in his career as a playwright: "After Mercury Fur, the work reinvented itself. It was as if people saw [my plays] for the first time. A whole new generation of younger directors came along – and they all just got it. In the past, I had to go into rehearsals [of my plays] and explain what I was doing. Then it was as if somebody flicked a switch and suddenly that changed."
Plays that critics believe have been influenced by or bear homage to Mercury Fur include:
(2006) Motortown by Simon Stephens
(2011) Three Kingdoms by Simon Stephens
(2014) Hotel by Polly Stenham
(2014) The Wolf from the Door by Rory Mullarkey
ProductionsMercury Fur'' has been performed worldwide in countries such as Australia, France, Italy, Malta, Turkey, the Czech Republic, the United States and Japan.
See also
Vurt
Blasted
In-yer-face theatre
Further reading
References
External links
2005 Interview with Philip Ridley for The Guardian on the controversy Mercury Fur created before its premiere
Audio interview from 2005 of Philip Ridley defending Mercury Fur on Theatre VOICE
2007 Interview with Philip Ridley for the Sydney Morning Herald
Audio interview with Theatre VOICE from 2012 of Ned Bennet on directing the 2012 revival of Mercury Fur
Edited transcript of a post show Q&A with Philip Ridley and the cast of the 2012 London revival of Mercury Fur
Audio recording of a post show Q&A with Philip Ridley after Middle Child's 2015 production of Mercury Fur in Hull
Plays by Philip Ridley
2005 plays
Dystopian literature
Theatre about drugs
Post-apocalyptic fiction
Science fiction theatre
Transgender-related theatre
Plays set in London |
20468385 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengraha | Tengraha | Tengraha is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3503 people living in 637 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
6900811 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood%20Done%20Sign%20My%20Name | Blood Done Sign My Name | Blood Done Sign My Name (2004) is a historical memoir written by Timothy B. Tyson. He explores the 1970 murder of Henry D. Marrow, a black man in Tyson's then home town of Oxford, North Carolina. The murder is described as the result of the complicated collision of the Black Power movement and the white backlash against public school integration and other changes brought by the civil rights movement.
Since 2004, the book has sold 160,000 copies. It has earned several awards: the Grawemeyer Award in Religion from the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary, which had a $200,000 prize, the Southern Book Award for Nonfiction from the Southern Book Critics Circle, the Christopher Award, and the North Caroliniana Book Award from the North Caroliniana Society. It was also a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill selected the book for its 2005 summer reading program.
The book was adapted as a movie by the same name, released in 2010. Entertainment Weekly ranked it on a "must see" list.
Story
Tyson has said that the title comes from a slave spiritual later sung as a "blues lament", particularly this phrase: "Ain't you glad, ain't you glad, that the blood done sign my name?"
The book explores the effects of the 1970 killing of Henry Marrow, a 23-year-old black Vietnam War veteran in Oxford, North Carolina. This is the county seat of Granville County, a center of tobacco culture. Then a town of 10,000, it is located 35 miles north of Durham. Three white men were indicted on charges of murder, but they were acquitted at trial by an all-white jury. Black protests of the killing and acquittal included acts of arson and violence.
Black people organized a protest march to the state capital of Raleigh. In addition, they conducted an 18-month boycott of white businesses in Oxford, a mostly segregated town, to force integration in public facilities. The Marrow case helped galvanize continued African-American civil rights activities in Oxford and across the eastern North Carolina black belt.
Local civil rights activist Ben Chavis took a lead role in these activities; he led the march to the capital and the boycott of local businesses. The Marrow killing and related events radicalized the African-American freedom struggle in North Carolina, which was trying to gain progress after the successful passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s. Racial conflict in Wilmington, North Carolina resulted in the burning of a grocery store. The Wilmington Ten cases resulted from charges against Ben Chavis and nine other black men in this incident. Several of the men were convicted and sentenced to long prison terms. They were eventually freed on an appeal. In the 1990s Chavis was selected as the youngest executive director of the NAACP in its history. He later was an organizer of the Million Man March.
Tyson lived as a child in Oxford, where his father was the minister of the prominent Oxford United Methodist Church. He explores not only the white supremacy of the South's racial caste system but his personal and family stories. (His father was driven out of the church because of his support for civil rights.) Tyson interweaves a narrative of the story and its effects on him, with a discussion of the racial history of North Carolina and the United States, and the violent realities of that history on both sides of the color line.
He explores the persistence of discrimination years after passage of federal laws to enforce civil rights, and the more complex aspects of the later civil rights movement.
Reception
Entertainment Weekly praised its "deadpan, merciless self-examination" and said it "pulses with vital paradox... It's a detached dissertation, a damning dark-night-of-the-white-soul, and a ripping yarn, all united by Tyson's powerful voice, a brainy, booming Bubba profundo." Historian Jane Dailey, writing in the Chicago Tribune, called it "Admirable and unexpected... a riveting story that will have its readers weeping with both laughter and sorrow."
Adaptations
The book was adapted as a film written and directed by writer Jeb Stuart. It was released in 2010, starring Ricky Schroder, Omar Benson Miller, and Michael Rooker. It was filmed in the cities of Shelby, Statesville, Monroe and Gastonia, North Carolina. The African-American historian John Hope Franklin has a cameo in the film.
It was also adapted as a play of the same name by Mike Wiley, which premiered at Duke University in 2008. It was also produced at the city hall in Oxford, North Carolina on February 13, 2009.
See also
Civil rights movement in popular culture
References
External links
Interview about Blood Done Sign My Name, National Public Radio
2004 non-fiction books
African-American autobiographies
Books about African-American history
History of African-American civil rights
Civil rights movement in popular culture |
17330528 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Antoine%20Carrel | Jean-Antoine Carrel | Jean-Antoine Carrel (1829 – August 1891) was an Italian mountain climber and guide. He had made climbs with Edward Whymper and was his rival when he attempted to climb the Matterhorn for the first time. Whymper ultimately succeeded in making the mountain's first ascent in July 1865 while Carrel led the party that achieved the second ascent three days later. Carrel was in the group that became the first Europeans to reach the summit of Chimborazo in 1880. He died from exhaustion when guiding a party on the south side of the Matterhorn.
Early life
Carrel was born on 16 January 1829 in Valtournenche, in the Aosta Valley, an Arpitan-speaking village of Kingdom of Sardinia (now Italy) which lies at the foot of the Matterhorn. He served in the Bersaglieri, a light infantry unit of the Piedmontese army. He resigned from the Bersaglieri to work as a hunter and mountain guide, but was recalled to duty in 1859 to defend Italy against Austria in the Second Italian War of Independence, for which he won a French medal for the Italian campaign.
Ascent of the Matterhorn
Carrel first attempted to climb the Matterhorn's Lion Ridge in 1857—by which time the mountain was the tallest unclimbed peak in the Alps—with his uncle and Amé Gorret. In the early 1860s, Carrel made numerous attempts to climb the Matterhorn, often in the same party as Edward Whymper and John Tyndall, and at other times competing against them to reach the summit first. Carrel had agreed to accompany Whymper on his ascent of the Swiss side in 1865, but withdrew at the last minute when he was recruited by Felice Giordano on behalf of the Italian Alpine Club to lead an Italian party up the Italian side at the same time. Ultimately, Whymper's party outclimbed the Italians and reached the summit on 14 July 1865, marking the first ascent of the Matterhorn. Carrel and his Italian party successfully summited the Matterhorn three days later.
In September 1867, Carrel and his daughter Félicité Carrel were among a party attempting to climb the Matterhorn, but most turned back before the summit. Félicité Carrel is the first known woman to attempt to climb the Matterhorn.
Death
Carrel died in August 1891 while guiding a party on the south side of the Matterhorn. After ensuring that his clients descended the mountain safely and easily in a severe storm, he collapsed from exhaustion and died on a rock at the mountain's base.
After Carrel's death, Whymper wrote that Carrel was "a man who was possessed with a pure and genuine love of mountains; a man of originality and resource, courage and determination, who delighted in exploration ... The manner of his death strikes a chord in hearts he never knew."
References
1829 births
1891 deaths
Alpine guides
Italian mountain climbers
Mountaineering deaths
People from Aosta Valley |
17330551 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20grouping%20of%20territorial%20cooperation | European grouping of territorial cooperation | A European grouping of territorial cooperation (EGTC) is a European Union level form of transnational cooperation between countries and local authorities with legal personality. EU Council Regulation 1082/2006 of 5 July 2006 forms its legal basis. As of April 2021, 78 EGTCs are in existence.
Composition of an EGTC
An EGTC must have members from at least two EU member states (or 1 member and 1 neighbouring country or OCT) and members can include
Member States or authorities at national level,
regional or local authorities,
public undertakings or bodies governed by public law,
undertakings entrusted with operations of services of general economic interest, or
national, regional or local authorities, or bodies or undertakings from non-EU countries.
The composition and powers of an EGTC have to be described in a convention subject to approval by Member States with members in the body.
The organs of an EGTC must at least include:
(a) an assembly, made up of representatives of its members.
(b) a director, who represents the EGTC and acts on its behalf.
The convention can provide for additional organs. It also must specify the extent of the territory under which it may execute its tasks.
Powers and functions
When an EGTC is formed its convention has to define the objectives and powers of the entity and it is limited by the respective powers of its members under their national law. The law applicable to the interpretation and enforcement of the convention is the law of the Member State
where the EGTC has its registered office.
The assembly of an EGTC approves an annual budget containing a component on running costs and, if necessary, an operational component. The EGTC or its Members are liable for any debts incurred.
An EGTC cannot exercise police and regulatory powers or powers in justice and foreign policy.
According to the regulation if an EGTC carries out any activity violating a Member State's provisions on public policy, public security, public health or public morality, or violates the public interest of a Member State, a competent body of that Member State may prohibit such activity on its territory or require those members which have been formed under its law to withdraw from the EGTC unless the EGTC ceases the activity in question. Such prohibitions can not be used as an arbitrary means to limit cooperation under the regulation and are subject to judicial review.
See also
Euroregion
European economic interest grouping
Interreg
References
External links
portal.cor.europa.eu/egtc – The official EGTC Platform
INTERACT: National provisions on the EGTC, practical handbook on the EGTC, new developments, etc
European Union law
Euroregions |
6900824 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Recording%20Preservation%20Board | National Recording Preservation Board | The United States National Recording Preservation Board selects recorded sounds for preservation in the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry. The National Recording Registry was initiated to maintain and preserve "sound recordings that are culturally, historically or aesthetically significant"; to be eligible, recordings must be at least ten years old. Members of the Board also advise the Librarian of Congress on ongoing development and implementation of the national recorded sound preservation program.
The National Recording Preservation Board (NRPB) is a federal agency located within the Library of Congress. The NRPB was established by the National Recording Preservation Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–474). This legislation also created both the National Recording Registry and the non-profit National Recording Preservation Foundation, which is loosely affiliated with the National Recording Preservation Board, but the private-sector Foundation (NRPF) and federal Board (NRPB) are separate, legally distinct entities.
The main responsibilities of the board are:
Develop the National Recording Registry selection criteria
Recommend and review nominees
Develop a National Recording Preservation Study and Action Plan comparable to those by the National Film Preservation Board
Organization
The board is appointed by the Librarian of Congress and is composed of representatives from professional organizations of composers, musicians, musicologists, librarians, archivists and the recording industry. Explicitly it is composed of up to 5 "at-large" members and 17 member/alternate pairs from the following 17 organizations:
American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers
American Federation of Musicians
American Folklore Society
American Musicological Society
Association for Recorded Sound Collections
Audio Engineering Society
Broadcast Music Incorporated
Country Music Foundation
Digital Media Association
Music Library Association
National Archives and Records Administration
National Academy of Popular Music
National Association of Recording Merchandisers
National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences
Recording Industry Association of America
SESAC
Society for Ethnomusicology
See also
National Film Preservation Board
Notes
External links
Home Page
Sound archives in the United States
Music archives in the United States
2000 establishments in the United States |
20468392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikuliya%2C%20Rautahat | Tikuliya, Rautahat | Tikuliya is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3103 people living in 530 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
6900827 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhigaleus | Cirrhigaleus | Cirrhigaleus is a genus of sharks in the Squalidae (dogfish) family, which is part of the Squaliformes order.
Species
Cirrhigaleus asper Merrett, 1973 (roughskin spurdog)
Cirrhigaleus australis W. T. White, Last & Stevens, 2007 (southern mandarin dogfish)
Cirrhigaleus barbifer S. Tanaka (I), 1912 (mandarin dogfish)
References
Shark genera
Taxa named by Shigeho Tanaka |
20468410 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primovula%20roseomaculata | Primovula roseomaculata | Primovula roseomaculata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.
As is the case in most ovulids, in life, the mantle completely covers the shell almost all of the time.
References
Ovulidae
Gastropods described in 1909 |
44498838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq%20football%20rivalry | Iran–Iraq football rivalry | The Iran and Iraq national football teams are sporting rivals since 1962.
According to The Malay Mail, "Emotions are always high when Iran and Iraq meet on the football pitch".
The most recent match between the two teams was in World Cup qualifier on 27 January 2022 hosted in Iran, where Iran won the game by 0–1.
Origins
The rivalry is not such a football-inspired ill-feeling between the two, but more of geography, religion and history.
Iran and Iraq are neighbouring countries, sharing a long history. In contemporary era, especially during the reign of Saddam Hussein, the two countries had bad relations and fought the Iran–Iraq War for 8 years.
In 2001, for the first time in decades, an Iran-Iraq match was not held at a neutral venue.
In recent years, Iranian intervention in Iraq has taken a grip among Iraqis as Iran has funded and supported numerous militants inside Iraq and interfered politically. This led to the heated 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifiers the second phase where a large number of Iraqi protestors were seen celebrating victory over Iran in a 2–1 match.
Major tournament matches
1972 AFC Asian Cup
1976 AFC Asian Cup
1994 FIFA World Cup qualification
1996 AFC Asian Cup
2000 AFC Asian Cup
2002 FIFA World Cup qualification
2002 FIFA World Cup qualification
2011 AFC Asian Cup
2015 AFC Asian Cup
2019 AFC Asian Cup
2022 FIFA World Cup qualification
2022 FIFA World Cup qualification
2022 FIFA World Cup qualification
2022 FIFA World Cup qualification
Matches
Source:
Statistics
Overall
Top scorers
See also
Iran–Saudi Arabia football rivalry
Iraq–Saudi Arabia football rivalry
References
International association football rivalries
Iran national football team rivalries
Iraq national football team
Iran–Iraq relations
1962 establishments in Asia
Politics and sports |
44498840 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956%20French%20legislative%20election%20in%20Guinea | 1956 French legislative election in Guinea | Elections to the French National Assembly were held Guinea on 2 January 1956, as part of the wider French elections. The Democratic Party of Guinea – African Democratic Rally won two of the three seats (taken by Ahmed Sékou Touré and Saifoulaye Diallo) with the African Bloc of Guinea winning the other seat (Barry Diawadou).
Results
References
Elections in Guinea
Guinea
1956 in Guinea
1956 elections in France |
6900829 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thant%20Myint-U | Thant Myint-U | Thant Myint-U ( ; born 31 January 1966) is an American-born Burmese historian, writer, grandson of former United Nations Secretary-General U Thant, former UN official, and former special adviser to the president for the peace process. He has authored five books, including The River of Lost Footsteps: A Personal History of Burma and Where China Meets India: Burma and the New Crossroads of Asia. He founded the Yangon Heritage Trust in 2012 to protect colonial architecture and lobby for urban planning in the Burmese capital Yangon.
Life and education
Thant Myint-U was born in New York City to Burmese parents. He grew up in Riverdale, Bronx at the home of his maternal grandfather, the then-Secretary-General of the United Nations U Thant. From 1971 to 1980, he studied at Riverdale Country School, a private college-preparatory day school in Bronx. He graduated from International School Bangkok in 1983. He has three sisters. He gained Burmese citizenship in 2011 and is now a Myanmar national.
Thant earned a BSc in government and economics from Harvard University, an MA in international relations and international economics from Johns Hopkins University, and his PhD in history from Cambridge University in 1996. From 1996 to 1999, he was a junior research fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, where he taught history. Thant is married to Sofia Busch. He has a son, Thurayn-Harri, born in 1999 to Hanna Guðrún, a granddaughter of Iceland's first woman mayor Hulda Jakobsdóttir.
Career
He served on three UN peacekeeping operations. He first served as a human rights officer from 1992 to 1993 at the UN Transitional Authority for Cambodia in Phnom Penh. In 1994, he was the spokesman for the UN Protection Force in the former Yugoslavia, based in Sarajevo. In 1996, he was a political adviser in the Office of the UN's Special Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina.
In 2000, he joined the UN Secretariat in New York. He worked first at the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, then at the United Nations Department of Political Affairs, and at the Policy Planning Unit as a chief in 2004. During this time, he was a member of the secretariat of the Secretary-General's Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change (High Level Threat Panel). From the late 2005 to early 2006, he was briefly a senior officer at the Executive Office of the Secretary-General.
Aside from being chairman of the Yangon Heritage Trust, he was, from 2011 to 2015, a member of the National Economic and Social Advisory Council, special adviser to the Myanmar government for the peace process at the Myanmar Peace Centre, senior research fellow of the Myanmar Development Resources Institute, and member of the Fund Board of the (Myanmar) Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund.
During a December 2019 book tour in the US, Thant expressed his forebodings about Myanmar's future. In an interview with Singapore's The Straits Times, Thant remarked that the threat of climate change made him pessimistic about the country's future. "I think whatever we think of the [Myanmar's] ledger in general, perhaps it comes to 50/50," he said. "When you add on what is almost certainly going to be the impact of global climate change on Burma, I think it's hard to be too optimistic right now."
Works
Thant has written opt-in pieces for The New York Times, The Washington Post, the Los Angeles Times the International Herald Tribune, the London Review of Books, the New Statesman, the Far Eastern Economic Review, Time and The Times Literary Supplement. His book, The River of Lost Footsteps was on India's Monster and Critics' non-fiction bestsellers list for the fourth week of October 2007. He was awarded the "Asia Pacific Awards" (Asian Affairs Research Council and Mainichi Newspapers) "Special Prize" in November 2014 for Where China Meets India. His latest book, The Hidden History of Burma was released in November 2019.
Awards
For his efforts to preserve Yangon's colonial buildings, he was named by the Foreign Policy magazine as one of the "100 Leading Global Thinkers" in its annual list in 2013. He was voted 15th in Prospect magazine's annual online poll of the "World's Leading Thinkers" in 2014 in a list which feature many notable Indians including Kaushik Basu.He received Fukuoka Prize in 2015 awarded by the city of Fukuoka. In 2018, he received Padma Shri, the fourth-ranked civilian award in India.
References
Harvard University alumni
Johns Hopkins University alumni
American people of Burmese descent
Historians of Southeast Asia
1966 births
Living people
21st-century American historians
Recipients of the Padma Shri in public affairs |
17330555 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1513%20M%C3%A1tra | 1513 Mátra | 1513 Mátra, provisional designation , is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 10 March 1940, by Hungarian astronomer György Kulin at Konkoly Observatory in Budapest, Hungary. It was later named after the Mátra mountain range.
Orbit and classification
Mátra is a member of the Flora family, a large group of stony S-type asteroids in the inner main-belt. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.0–2.4 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,186 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.
One day prior to Mátras official discovery observation at Konkoly, a precovery was taken at Nice Observatory. However, the body's observation arc begins 10 years later in 1950, when it was observed at the La Plata Observatory in Argentina.
Physical characteristics
Rotation period
American astronomer Richard P. Binzel obtained a rotational light-curve of Mátra from photometric observation in the 1980s. It gave a tentative rotation period of 24 hours with a brightness variation of 0.1 magnitude (). As of 2017, a secure period still has yet to be determined.
Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Mátra measures between 4.96 and 6.60 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.189 and 0.34.
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from the family's largest body and namesake, the asteroid 8 Flora – and calculates a diameter of 5.85 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 13.33.
Naming
This minor planet was named after the Mátra mountain range in northern Hungary, where the outstation of the discovering Konkoly Observatory is located. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 February 1980 ().
References
External links
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
001513
Discoveries by György Kulin
Minor planets named for places
Named minor planets
19400310 |
6900837 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy%20Spognardi | Andy Spognardi | Andrea Ettore Spognardi (October 18, 1908 – January 1, 2000) was a Major League Baseball infielder who played for the Boston Red Sox during the last month of the 1932 season, in which the Red Sox finished in last place, 54 games behind the league champion New York Yankees. The Boston College athlete had never played in the minor leagues before his first Red Sox appearance, when he substituted in a game they were losing 15-0 in Philadelphia. The 23-year-old rookie was tall and weighed 160 lbs.
In 17 games as a second baseman, shortstop and third baseman he handled 52 of 53 chances successfully for a fielding percentage of .981. He hit .294 (10-for-34), and 6 bases on balls raised his on-base percentage up to .400. He scored 9 runs and had 1 run batted in.
Spognardi died in his hometown of Boston, Massachusetts, at the age of 91.
External links
Baseball Reference
Retrosheet
Major League Baseball infielders
Baseball players from Massachusetts
Boston Red Sox players
1908 births
2000 deaths
Major League Baseball second basemen
Watertown Townies players |
23575917 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Would%20I%20Lie%20to%20You%3F%20episodes | List of Would I Lie to You? episodes | The following is a list of episodes for the British comedy panel show Would I Lie to You?, which was first broadcast on 16 June 2007. As of 3 June 2022, 130 regular episodes (including 9 Christmas specials) and 18 clip shows have been broadcast across fifteen series; 148 episodes in total (not including the 2011 Comic Relief or 2016 Children in Need specials). The Series 2 & 3 clip shows consisted of a mix of new and previously seen footage; beginning with the fourth series, the clip shows were made up entirely of new material (although some later series also included an additional episode of the best previously broadcast footage).
All episodes are approximately 30 minutes long, and feature team captains Lee Mack and David Mitchell (with the exception of a series 8 episode where Mack was unable to attend the recording and his place was taken by Greg Davies), accompanied by two celebrity guests each. The first two series were hosted by Angus Deayton; he was replaced by Rob Brydon from the third series onwards.
Episode list
The coloured backgrounds denote the result of each of the shows:
– indicates David's team won.
– indicates Lee's team won.
– indicates the game ended in a draw.
Bold type – indicates Rob's individual liar of the week (used from series 3 to 9).
Series 1 (2007)
Series 2 (2008)
Series 3 (2009)
Series 4 (2010)
Comic Relief special (2011)
Series 5 (2011)
Series 6 (2012)
Series 7 (2013)
Series 8 (2014–15)
Series 9 (2015–16)
Series 10 (2016)
Children in Need special (2016)
Series 11 (2017–18)
Series 12 (2018–19)
Series 13 (2019–20)
Series 14 (2020–21)
Series 15 (2021–22)
Series 16
Scores
Footnotes
References
External links
Lists of British comedy television series episodes
Lists of British non-fiction television series episodes |
6900838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20All%20Star%20Talent%20Show | The All Star Talent Show | The All Star Talent Show is a 2006 UK television programme that was broadcast on Five. It was presented by Andi Peters and Myleene Klass, with Julian Clary making up the judging panel alongside two guest judges. Each show had six celebrities performing, with the winner of each episode going into the final at the end of the series. In addition, the runner up with the most votes at the end of the series also performed again in the final.
Episodes
Week 1 (8 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Jo Brand and Kerry Katona. The winner of this heat was Carol Thatcher. Juliette Foster was the highest scoring runner up in the whole series and so made it into the final as well.
Week 2 (15 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Bobby Davro and Sally Lindsay. The winner of this heat was Jodie Marsh.
Week 3 (22 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Lucy Benjamin and Christopher Biggins. The winner of this heat was Roy Walker.
Week 4 (29 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Bonnie Langford and Freddie Starr. The winner of this heat was Henry Olonga.
Week 5 (6 October)
The two guest judges on this episode were Peter André and Vanessa Feltz. The winner of this heat was Toby Anstis.
Week 6: Final (13 October)
The two guest judges on this episode were Jo Brand and David Gest.
The winner of the series was Henry Olonga.
External links
Channel 5 (British TV channel) reality television shows
2000s British reality television series
2006 British television series debuts
2006 British television series endings
Talent shows
Celebrity reality television series
Celebrity competitions
English-language television shows |
23575924 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9onora%20Miano | Léonora Miano | Léonora Miano (born 1973, in Douala) is a Cameroonian author.
Biography
Léonora Miano was born in Douala in Cameroon. She moved to France in 1991, where she first settled in Valenciennes and then in Nanterre to study American Literature. She published her first novel, Dark Heart of the Night, which was well received by French critics, receiving six prizes: Les Lauriers Verts de la Forêt des Livres, Révélation (2005), the Louis Guilloux prize (2006), the Prix du Premier Roman de Femme (2006), the René-Fallet prize (2006), the Bernard-Palissy prize (2006),and the Cameroonian Excellence prize (2007). The Lire magazine awarded it with the title of the best first French novel in 2005.
Her second novel, Contours du jour qui vient, received the Goncourt des lycéens prize, which was discerned by a jury of young high schoolers between the ages of 15 and 18.
In the spring of 2008, Léonora Miano published five novels in the « Étonnants classiques » collection of the Flammarion Group. The novels are grouped under the title, Afropean et autres nouvelles.
According to Daniel S. Larangé, Miano's work has the particularity of creating an afropéenne literature that is aware of the transformations of the world and of humanity. She defends the afropéenne identity at a time of globalization, which could regenerate French culture through the bias French-speaking literature. Daniel S. Larangé also adds that "jazzy writing" is based on a popular and musical culture that integrates impromptu rhythms and rhapsodies specific to jazz.
In 2013, Léonora Miano won the Prix Femina for La Saison de l'Ombre which recounts, in keeping with Yambo Ouologuem's Devoir de Violence, the beginning of the slave trade. The novel, rich in emotions, would be a parable of globalization which leads to the exploitation of humanity as a product of consumption.
In 2015, she directed the collective work Volcaniques: une anthologie du plaisir in which twelve women authors of the black world, Hemley Boum, Nafissatou Dia Diouf, Marie Dô, Nathalie Etoke, Gilda Gonfier, Axelle Jah Njiké, Fabienne Kanor, Gaël Octavia, Gisèle Pineau, Marie-Laure Endale, Elizabeth Tchoungui and Léonora Miano herself have written short stories around this theme.
In 2018, Satoshi Miyagi directed Révélation, the first part of a trilogy on the history of slavery called Red in Blue, published in 2011. Léonora Miano, a specialist in the colonial event, chose Satoshi Miyagi as the director because his Japanese culture is distant from the history of the transatlantic slavery. It was the writer's desire to avoid "cultural appropriation" by a Westerner. The contrast between the familiar story for a Western spectator and the aesthetic distance (dissociation of voice and body inherited from Japanese theater) creates a surprise and goes beyond the confrontation between Africa and Europe.
Her writing has won several literary awards, including the Louis Guilloux Prize (2006), the Montalembert Prize (2006), the René Fallet Prize (2006), the Bernard Palissy Prize (2006), the Prix Goncourt des Lycéens (2006) and the Prix Fémina (2013).
She criticized the foreword added to the English translation of her 2005 first novel, Dark Heart of the Night, calling it "full of lies"; in 2012 Zukiswa Wanner, however, based on reading Dark Heart of the Night rated Miano as one of her top five African writers (alongside H. J. Golakai, Ondjaki, Chika Unigwe and Thando Mgqolozana), describing Miano's work as "brilliant".
Awards
2006: Prix Goncourt des Lycéens
2006: Prix Louis-Guilloux
2006: Montalembert Prize
2006: Bernard Palissy Prize
2006: René Fallet Prize
2011: Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire
2012: Prix Seligmann
2013: Grand prix du roman métis
2013: Prix Fémina
Works
L'Intérieur de la nuit, Plon, 2005; Pocket, 2006,
Dark Heart of the Night (translated by Tamsin Black), University of Nebraska Press, 2010,
Contours du jour qui vient, Plon, 2006, ; Pocket Jeunesse 2008; Pocket 2008,
Afropean Soul, Flammarion,
Tels des astres éteints, Plon, 2008,
Soulfood équatoriale, Robert Laffont, 2009,
Les Aubes écarlates, Plon, 2009,
Blues pour Elise, Plon, 2010,
Ces âmes chagrines, Plon, 2011
Écrits pour la parole, L'Arche éditeur, 2012
Habiter la frontière, L'Arche éditeur, 2012
La Saison de l'ombre, Grasset, 2013 — Prix Femina 2013
Season of the Shadow (translated by Gila Walker), Seagull Books, 2018,
Crépuscule du tourment, Grasset, 2016
L’impératif transgressif , L'Arche éditeur, 2016 ()7
Crépuscule du tourment 2 Héritage, Grasset, 2017 ()
Rouge impératrice Grasset, 2019, ()
References
External links
Cameroonian women writers
Cameroonian expatriates in France
Cameroonian writers in French
People from Douala
1973 births
Living people
Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
Prix Louis Guilloux winners
Prix Femina winners
Prix Goncourt des lycéens winners
20th-century Cameroonian writers
20th-century Cameroonian women writers
21st-century Cameroonian writers
21st-century Cameroonian women writers |
44498849 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Assael | John Assael | John Assael (born 1950) is a prominent British architect. He is particularly known for his work at the Royal Institute of British Architects(RIBA) and for promoting good business practice within the field of architecture.
Early life and education
John Assael was born in Nairobi in Kenya. He spent the early years of his life in Africa but attended school in England from the age of 11.
He studied architecture at Oxford Polytechnic, which renamed in 1992 to Oxford Brookes University. He has a Master's degree in Urban & Regional Planning from the University of London. He also holds a Post Graduate Diploma from the Architectural Association School of Architecture in Conservation Studies.
In 2017 he was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Design by Oxford Brookes University.
Career
John Assael is currently the Chairman and a co-founder of the London-based practice Assael Architecture.
Architecture
After qualifying as an Architect, he worked for several architectural companies until the age of 28, when he started his first practice.
In 1994 he founded the London-based practice Assael Architecture along with co-founder Russell Pedley. His practice was named Architect of the Year in 2016 at The Sunday Times British Homes Awards.
Professional
In 2019 he was made a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA). In 2014 he had been elected to act as a national member of the RIBA Council, the governing body of the RIBA and was later appointed as Honorary Treasurer. He had previously held various other posts at the RIBA, including Vice President for Professional Services and was a trustee of the RIBA Board. He is a former chairman of the RIBA Journal.
He was an elected member to the Architect's Registration Board (ARB) where he has sat on the Prescription Committee.
He is a co-opted member of the Council of the Association of Consultant Architects.
He sits on the Executive Committee and has been a trustee of the Architects Benevolent Society since 2004. and was a judge for the annual WAN (World Architecture News) Awards.
Involvement in Higher Education
He been a visiting fellow at Oxford Brookes University since 2000. He is an external examiner at The Bartlett and London Metropolitan University and has lectured at Cardiff, Nottingham, Huddersfield, Manchester and Westminster Universities.
He holds the post of Master of Students at the Worshipful Company of Chartered Architects
Notable work
21 Young Street
Queen's Wharf & Riverside Studios, Hammersmith
Great West Quarter, Brentford
Century Buildings, Manchester
Wallis House - conversion of Art Deco landmark on the Golden Mile, Brentford, London.
Ten Rochester Row
Tachbrook Triangle SW1, Vauxhall Bridge Road, London
Rainsborough Square, Farm Lane, Fulham
Osiers Gate
Lumiere Apartments, Former Granada Cinema, Clapham
Paynes and Borthwick Wharves, London
Quebec Way, Canada Water, London
Doddington Estate, Cheshire
Selected awards
The Sunday Times British Homes Awards, Architect of the Year in 2008, 2014 and 2016
Building magazine's Good Employer Guide, Winner 2014 and 2015
Architects' Journal AJ120 Business Pioneer of the Year in 2015
References
External links
John Assael interviewed by Adrian Dobson, Director of Practice at the RIBA
RIBA Council members at the Royal Institute of British Architects.
Board member profile at the Architects Registration Board (ARB).
ACA Council members at Association of Consulting Architects
Official website of Assael Architecture.
Living people
Architects from Oxford
Alumni of Oxford Brookes University
1950 births
People from Nairobi |
44498877 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney%20Robertson-Rodger | Sidney Robertson-Rodger | Sidney Bertram Robertson-Rodger (15 Jul 1916–7 Nov 1981) was an English painter notable as a War Artist, principally for his painting Bombers Escorted by Fighters on a Daylight Sweep over the Channel depicting the Battle of Britain. He was also known as S Rodger, SR Rodger or S Robertson-Rodger.
Childhood and education
He was born in Burgh Heath in the North Downs in Surrey, the son of James Nisbet Robertson RODGER a painter and antiques dealer, and his wife Margaret (Meg) Plumer KESWICK.
After completing final examinations at Malvern College (a senior school with sixth form) in the Malvern Hills he attended the private Byam Shaw School of Art (1934–1938) where he studied with Frances Ernest Jackson ARA (1872–1945) and Patrick Philips RI, ROI (1907–1976).
Military service
On the 1939 Register Sidney Robertson-Rodger is described as a "Camouflage Officer" living in Flat 17 Bolton Studios, Kensington, London. He received military training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1940.
He painted as part of the large War Artists' Advisory Committee (WAAC) during World War II. The WAAC bought his work. His key work, Bombers Escorted by Fighters on a Daylight Sweep over the Channel, is owned by the Ministry of Defence.
Family
Sidney Bertram Robertson-Rodger married Dora June Rossdale. They were married in the June Q of 1970
at St. Marylebone. Dora June (known as June) was the daughter of Dr. George Harold Rossdale M.D. Medical Officer of the Tropical Diseases Clinic of the Ministry of Pensions & Kate Alberta Woolf.
Career
According to his biography by Goldmark Gallery, he exhibited at two major painting societies in the Federation of British Artists (FBA): the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours (RI), and Royal Institute of Oil Painters (ROI).
The gallery found little is known of what became of the artist's reputation and professional status after the war. It found that he kept on painting and exhibiting into the 1960s and beyond. Primarily a landscape painter, he wrote a significant article entitled "Painting the Open Landscape" during the 1960s.
Works
In his works he was also known as S Rodger, SR Rodger or S Robertson-Rodger.
Bombers Escorted by Fighters on a Daylight Sweep over the Channel
Man with donkey passing a house (possibly painted in Spain or Ireland)Oil on Canvas
Squadron DAF Libya (1940–45) Sketch/watercolour
North Africa campaign WW2 (1940–45) - Featuring Hurricane fighter planes over the merditerranean Sketch/watercolour
Wimbldon Centre Court - For 1965 Calendar (1965?)
Pair of nautical watercolours (1949)
Ramsgate (1975)
Cottage in ruins on headland
Seascape with lifeboat and crashed aircraft, oil on canvas, signed, 50 cm x 75 cm.
Kenton
References
External links
http://www.popscreen.com/p/MTYwODE2MDMw/CalendarArtworkJuneWimbledoncentrecourtSidneyRobertsonRodger
https://www.the-saleroom.com/en-gb/auction-catalogues/semley-auctioneers/catalogue-id-srse10004/lot-5e7325d2-4583-4005-aac1-a3fb00f5edad
https://www.marks4antiques.com/apa/Sidney-Bertram-Robertson-Rodger-5a376
https://www.the-saleroom.com/en-gb/auction-catalogues/special-auction-services/catalogue-id-srspe10168/lot-1199d16f-a149-416e-b0c6-a66500d1556d
https://auctionet.com/en/279844-sidney-robertson-rodger-landskap-olja-pa-duk-signerad-s-r-rodger
https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/48812/page/15452/data.pdf
1916 births
1981 deaths
Alumni of the Byam Shaw School of Art
20th-century English painters
English male painters
20th-century English male artists |
23575929 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick%20Palatas | Nick Palatas | Nicholas Edward Palatas (born January 22, 1988) is an American actor. Palatas has appeared in short films including The Erogenous Zone, Love, and Air We Breathe and has been in several ads. In 2009, he played Norville "Shaggy" Rogers in the film Scooby-Doo! The Mystery Begins and reprised the role in Scooby-Doo! Curse of the Lake Monster which aired in October 2010. A newcomer to the Scooby-Doo series, Palatas took over for Matthew Lillard. Palatas is of Slovakian, English and German descent.
Personal life
Palatas married his wife Marissa Denig in 2012. Denig filled for divorce from Palatas in 2017; the divorce was finalized in 2019.
Filmography
References
External links
1988 births
21st-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Living people
Male actors from Maryland
People from Bethesda, Maryland
American male voice actors |
44498920 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America%20Ladina | America Ladina | América Ladina () is a 2011 documentary film directed by and starring Israeli independent filmmaker, Yaron Avitov.
The film tells of the arrival and settlement in the Americas of Jewish-origin New Christians (Sephardic Jewish converts to Catholicism, also known as conversos in Spanish or anusim in Hebrew) in the sixteenth century, and the lives of the Sephardic Bnei Anusim (their assimilated descendants) today.
The documentary's title is a pun on the Spanish term for Latin America (América Latina), where "Ladina" is the feminine adjectival form of the noun "Ladino", a reference to the Ladino language, the traditional Judaeo-Spanish language of the Sephardic Jews.
Content
The Israeli filmmaker Yaron Avitov addresses on his film the context of the history of the arrival and settlement of Sephardic anusim to the Americas; and how their emigration from Spain and Portugal to the Iberian colonies in the New World in the sixteenth century was due largely to the unceasing religious persecution of Jewish-origin New Christians by the Inquisition back in Iberia, irrespective of whether they were sincere Christian converts or if they were indeed marranos (crypto-Jews secretly practicing their former Jewish faith as best they could behind closed doors).
The film presses on the issue that how this Jewish-origin population emigrated to the Americas from the sixteenth century (during the time of the Inquisition) should be studied thoroughly again.
Avitov is immersed in a multi-year investigation through South America and Central America in search of the motives, reasons and consequences of this immigration.
As the film progresses, the viewer not only discovers the origins of the Jewish-descended population of Latin America, but also the places where one can find the presence of their descendants today, and their impact, past and present, of these Sephardic anusim migrants and their Sephardic Bnei anusim descendants in the cultural landscape of Latin America.
Sephardic Bnei Anusim (descendants of these early immigrants) from 10 countries, including Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil, and Peru in South America give their testimonials. Others from Mexico, Cuba, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Panama in Central America are also interviewed.
The documentary takes us through time with the testimonies of these descendants, in remote places around Latin America where their Jewish anusim ancestors settled in the hope that it would give their children and later descendants the chance to live and prosper in a new free world, without fear from the persecution of the Inquisition, though the Inquisition eventually followed, resulting in an almost complete assimilation and absorption.
Five centuries after the migratory mission of their Jewish anusim ancestors, the success of their journey for survival is assessed, if not in the maintaining of the Jewish faith and culture, then at least in the perpetuation of their living descendants, who are more alive and numerous today than ever.
Avitov presents among other evidence of this historical episode facts and cultural vestiges which remain today, and which can be found embedded in the culture of the local peoples across the Americas, similar to traditional customs of the New Christian converts who came from Spain and Portugal fleeing the Inquisition. Today there are words, idioms, sayings (in Ladino) and even many customs that persist among these groups in the Americas, who practice these customs often unknowing that they originate in the traditions of their Jewish ancestors.
References
2011 films
2011 documentary films
2010s Spanish-language films
Judaeo-Spanish-language films
Sephardi Jews topics
Films shot in Florida
Films shot in Ecuador |
23575932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDitovlice | Žitovlice | Žitovlice is a municipality and village in Nymburk District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
The village of Pojedy is an administrative part of Žitovlice.
References
Villages in Nymburk District |
44498929 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suillellus%20adonis | Suillellus adonis | Suillellus adonis is a species of bolete fungus described from Croatia. Originally described as a species of Boletus in 2002, it was transferred to Suillellus in 2014, based on melacular phylogenetic data. This apparently rare fungus is so far known only from the islands of Cres and Cyprus.
References
External links
adonis
Fungi described in 2002
Fungi of Europe |
23575939 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nate%20Erdmann | Nate Erdmann | Nathan Lewis Erdmann (born November 21, 1973) is an American former professional basketball player.
After graduating from Portales High School at Portales, New Mexico in 1993, Erdmann played college basketball at Washington State University, Hutchinson Community College, and the University of Oklahoma. He was selected by the Utah Jazz with the 56th pick in the 1997 NBA Draft as a shooting guard. Erdmann was cut by the Jazz in the Summer League, having not played in a single regular-season game.
Professional career
Erdmann signed with the Idaho Stampede of the Continental Basketball Association in 1997.
He played with the Alerta Cantabria of the Spanish Liga ACB in the 2004–2005 season and for one month in the following season with the Polish team BC Anwil. In December 2005, Erdmann returned to Cantabria. Nate ended up playing in Euro leagues for 8+ years with stops in Italy (1998–2000 Pallacanestro Biella; 2000 – 2001 De Vizia Avellino; 2001–2003 Pallacanestro Trieste), France (2003–2004 Elan Bearmais Pau-Othez), Spain (2004–2006 Alerta Cantabria), and Poland (2006–2007 Stal Ostrow Wielkopolski).
References
External links
USA Today article summarizing 1997 NBA Draft shooting guard prospects
Italian league stats for Erdmann
1973 births
Living people
American expatriate basketball people in France
American expatriate basketball people in Italy
American expatriate basketball people in Poland
American expatriate basketball people in Spain
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Iowa
Cantabria Baloncesto players
Élan Béarnais players
Hutchinson Blue Dragons men's basketball players
Idaho Stampede (CBA) players
KK Włocławek players
Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball players
Pallacanestro Biella players
Pallacanestro Trieste players
S.S. Felice Scandone players
Shooting guards
Sportspeople from Fort Dodge, Iowa
Stal Ostrów Wielkopolski players
Utah Jazz draft picks
Washington State Cougars men's basketball players |
6900845 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity%20informatics | Biodiversity informatics | Biodiversity informatics is the application of informatics techniques to biodiversity information, such as taxonomy, biogeography or ecology. Modern computer techniques can yield new ways to view and analyze existing information, as well as predict future situations (see niche modelling). Biodiversity informatics is a term that was only coined around 1992 but with rapidly increasing data sets has become useful in numerous studies and applications, such as the construction of taxonomic databases or geographic information systems. Biodiversity informatics contrasts with "bioinformatics", which is often used synonymously with the computerized handling of data in the specialized area of molecular biology.
Overview
Biodiversity informatics (different but linked to bioinformatics) is the application of information technology methods to the problems of organizing, accessing, visualizing and analyzing primary biodiversity data. Primary biodiversity data is composed of names, observations and records of specimens, and genetic and morphological data associated to a specimen. Biodiversity informatics may also have to cope with managing information from unnamed taxa such as that produced by environmental sampling and sequencing of mixed-field samples. The term biodiversity informatics is also used to cover the computational problems specific to the names of biological entities, such as the development of algorithms to cope with variant representations of identifiers such as species names and authorities, and the multiple classification schemes within which these entities may reside according to the preferences of different workers in the field, as well as the syntax and semantics by which the content in taxonomic databases can be made machine queryable and interoperable for biodiversity informatics purposes...
History of the discipline
Biodiversity Informatics can be considered to have commenced with the construction of the first computerized taxonomic databases in the early 1970s, and progressed through subsequent developing of distributed search tools towards the late 1990s including the Species Analyst from Kansas University, the North American Biodiversity Information Network NABIN, CONABIO in Mexico, INBio in Costa Rica, and others, the establishment of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility in 2001, and the parallel development of a variety of niche modelling and other tools to operate on digitized biodiversity data from the mid-1980s onwards (e.g. see ). In September 2000, the U.S. journal Science devoted a special issue to "Bioinformatics for Biodiversity", the journal Biodiversity Informatics commenced publication in 2004, and several international conferences through the 2000s have brought together biodiversity informatics practitioners, including the London e-Biosphere conference in June 2009. A supplement to the journal BMC Bioinformatics (Volume 10 Suppl 14) published in November 2009 also deals with biodiversity informatics.
History of the term
According to correspondence reproduced by Walter Berendsohn, the term "Biodiversity Informatics" was coined by John Whiting in 1992 to cover the activities of an entity known as the Canadian Biodiversity Informatics Consortium, a group involved with fusing basic biodiversity information with environmental economics and geospatial information in the form of GPS and GIS. Subsequently, it appears to have lost any obligate connection with the GPS/GIS world and be associated with the computerized management of any aspects of biodiversity information (e.g. see )
Digital taxonomy (systematics)
Global list of all species
One major goal for biodiversity informatics is the creation of a complete master list of currently recognised species of the world. This goal has been achieved to a large extent by the Catalogue of Life project which lists >2 million species in its 2022 Annual Checklist. A similar effort for fossil taxa, the Paleobiology Database documents some 100,000+ names for fossil species, out of an unknown total number.
Genus and species scientific names as unique identifiers
Application of the Linnaean system of binomial nomenclature for species, and uninomials for genera and higher ranks, has led to many advantages but also problems with homonyms (the same name being used for multiple taxa, either inadvertently or legitimately across multiple kingdoms), synonyms (multiple names for the same taxon), as well as variant representations of the same name due to orthographic differences, minor spelling errors, variation in the manner of citation of author names and dates, and more. In addition, names can change through time on account of changing taxonomic opinions (for example, the correct generic placement of a species, or the elevation of a subspecies to species rank or vice versa), and also the circumscription of a taxon can change according to different authors' taxonomic concepts. One proposed solution to this problem is the usage of Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs) for machine-machine communication purposes, although there are both proponents and opponents of this approach.
A consensus classification of organisms
Organisms can be classified in a multitude of ways (see main page Biological classification), which can create design problems for Biodiversity Informatics systems aimed at incorporating either a single or multiple classification to suit the needs of users, or to guide them towards a single "preferred" system. Whether a single consensus classification system can ever be achieved is probably an open question, however the Catalogue of Life has commissioned activity in this area which has been succeeded by a published system proposed in 2015 by M. Ruggiero and co-workers.
Biodiversity Maps
Biodiversity maps provide a cartographic representation of spatial biodiversity data. This data can be used in conjunction with Species Checklists to help with biodiversity conservation efforts. Biodiversity maps can help reveal patterns of species distribution and range changes. This may reflect biodiversity loss, habitat degradation, or changes in species composition. Combined with urban development data, maps can inform land management by modeling scenarios which might impact biodiversity.
Biodiversity maps can be produced in a variety of ways: traditionally range maps were hand-drawn based on literature reports but increasingly large-scale data, e.g. from citizen science projects (e.g. iNaturalist) and digitized museum collections (e.g. VertNet) are used. GIS tools such as ArcGIS or R packages such as dismo can specifically aid in species distribution modeling (ecological niche modeling) and even predict impacts of ecological change on biodiversity. GBIF, OBIS, and IUCN are large web-based repositories of species spatial-temporal data that source many existing biodiversity maps.
Mobilizing primary biodiversity information
"Primary" biodiversity information can be considered the basic data on the occurrence and diversity of species (or indeed, any recognizable taxa), commonly in association with information regarding their distribution in either space, time, or both. Such information may be in the form of retained specimens and associated information, for example as assembled in the natural history collections of museums and herbaria, or as observational records, for example either from formal faunal or floristic surveys undertaken by professional biologists and students, or as amateur and other planned or unplanned observations including those increasingly coming under the scope of citizen science. Providing online, coherent digital access to this vast collection of disparate primary data is a core Biodiversity Informatics function that is at the heart of regional and global biodiversity data networks, examples of the latter including OBIS and GBIF.
As a secondary source of biodiversity data, relevant scientific literature can be parsed either by humans or (potentially) by specialized information retrieval algorithms to extract the relevant primary biodiversity information that is reported therein, sometimes in aggregated / summary form but frequently as primary observations in narrative or tabular form. Elements of such activity (such as extracting key taxonomic identifiers, keywording / index terms, etc.) have been practiced for many years at a higher level by selected academic databases and search engines. However, for the maximum Biodiversity Informatics value, the actual primary occurrence data should ideally be retrieved and then made available in a standardized form or forms; for example both the Plazi and INOTAXA projects are transforming taxonomic literature into XML formats that can then be read by client applications, the former using TaxonX-XML and the latter using the taXMLit format. The Biodiversity Heritage Library is also making significant progress in its aim to digitize substantial portions of the out-of-copyright taxonomic literature, which is then subjected to optical character recognition (OCR) so as to be amenable to further processing using biodiversity informatics tools.
Standards and protocols
In common with other data-related disciplines, Biodiversity Informatics benefits from the adoption of appropriate standards and protocols in order to support machine-machine transmission and interoperability of information within its particular domain. Examples of relevant standards include the Darwin Core XML schema for specimen- and observation-based biodiversity data developed from 1998 onwards, plus extensions of the same, Taxonomic Concept Transfer Schema, plus standards for Structured Descriptive Data, and Access to Biological Collection Data (ABCD); while data retrieval and transfer protocols include DiGIR (now mostly superseded) and TAPIR (TDWG Access Protocol for Information Retrieval). Many of these standards and protocols are currently maintained, and their development overseen, by Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG).
Current activities
At the 2009 e-Biosphere conference in the U.K., the following themes were adopted, which is indicative of a broad range of current Biodiversity Informatics activities and how they might be categorized:
Application: Conservation / Agriculture / Fisheries / Industry / Forestry
Application: Invasive Alien Species
Application: Systematic and Evolutionary Biology
Application: Taxonomy and Identification Systems
New Tools, Services and Standards for Data Management and Access
New Modeling Tools
New Tools for Data Integration
New Approaches to Biodiversity Infrastructure
New Approaches to Species Identification
New Approaches to Mapping Biodiversity
National and Regional Biodiversity Databases and Networks
A post-conference workshop of key persons with current significant Biodiversity Informatics roles also resulted in a Workshop Resolution that stressed, among other aspects, the need to create durable, global registries for the resources that are basic to biodiversity informatics (e.g., repositories, collections); complete the construction of a solid taxonomic infrastructure; and create ontologies for biodiversity data.
Example projects
Global:
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), and the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) (for marine species)
The Species 2000, ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System), and Catalogue of Life projects
Global Names
EOL, The Encyclopedia of Life project
The Consortium for the Barcode of Life project
The Map of Life project
The Reptile Database project
The AmphibiaWeb project
The uBio Universal Biological Indexer and Organizer, from the Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory
The Index to Organism Names (ION) from Clarivate Analytics, providing access to scientific names of taxa from numerous journals as indexed in the Zoological Record
The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera (IRMNG)
ZooBank, the registry for nomenclatural acts and relevant systematic literature in zoology
The Index Nominum Genericorum, compilation of generic names published for organisms covered by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, maintained at the Smithsonian Institution in the U.S.A.
The International Plant Names Index
MycoBank, documenting new names and combinations for fungi
The List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) - Official register of valid names for bacteria and archaea, as governed by the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria
The Biodiversity Heritage Library project - digitising biodiversity literature
Wikispecies, open source (community-editable) compilation of taxonomic information, companion project to Wikipedia
TaxonConcept.org, a Linked Data project that connects disparate species databases
Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Virtual Collections and Biodiversity Informatics Unit
ANTABIF. The Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility gives free and open access to Antarctic Biodiversity data, in the spirit of the Antarctic Treaty.
Genesys, database of plant genetic resources maintained in national, regional and international gene banks
VertNet, Access to vertebrate primary occurrence data from data sets worldwide.
Regional / national projects:
Fauna Europaea
Atlas of Living Australia
Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure (PESI)
Symbiota
iDigBio, Integrated Digitized Biocollections (USA)
i4Life project
Sistema de Información sobre Biodiversidad de Colombia
India Biodiversity Portal (IBP)
Bhutan Biodiversity Portal (BBP)
Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Western Indian Ocean (WIKWIO)
LifeWatch is proposed by ESFRI as a pan-European research (e-)infrastructure to support Biodiversity research and policy-making.
A listing of over 600 current biodiversity informatics related activities can be found at the TDWG "Biodiversity Information Projects of the World" database.
See also
Web-based taxonomy
List of biodiversity databases
References
Further reading
External links
Biodiversity Informatics (journal)
Information science by discipline
Taxonomy (biology)
Computational fields of study |
23575954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlovac%20Feri%C4%8Dana%C4%8Dki | Karlovac Feričanački | Karlovac Feričanački is a village in north-eastern Slavonia, situated in municipality town of Orahovica, Virovitica-Podravina County, Croatia.
Population and Demographics
References
CD-rom: "Naselja i stanovništvo RH od 1857-2001. godine", Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, 2005.
Populated places in Virovitica-Podravina County |
23575963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anwain | Anwain | Anwain or Anwain Clan is a geographic area in Nigeria and also the people who live in it. Anwain Clan is one of the thirteen clans in Etsakọ land. The geographic area of Anwain is situated in the southern part of Etsakọ West, a local government area of Edo State. It is ward eight among the twelve wards of the Etsakọ local government area. Within Etsakọ West, Anwain is bounded by Ayuele, South Uneme, South Ibie, Ekperi, and Jagbe Clans. It also has boundaries with the clans Uzea and Afuda in the local government areas of Esan-North-East and Esan North Central respectively.
Culture
Predominant religions are Christianity, traditional religions, and Islam. The Anwain people speak Esan (Ishan) language, with a dialect influenced by the Etsakọ language.
The Anwain people perform several traditional dances. They are among the clan that within Esan that performs the Egbabonalimhiin dance. Egbabonalimhiin was devised by hunters in about 1400 CE; it is performed only by initiated males. Other traditional dances include: Ilegheze, performed by AKHOBA title holders of Eware during the Ukpe festival; IKOIGO, performed by women during special ceremonies such as burial of women title holders or marriages; Abayion (Asono); and Agbe.
Economy
Most Anwain people are farmers who practice shifting cultivation. Common crops include yam, cassava, rice, corn, groundnut, cashew, beans, pepper, tomatoes, and plantains. Rice marketed under the trade name Ekpoma is produced in the Anwain region. Bamboo grows wild in this region and is sometimes harvested for commercial sale. There are some small businesses that sell household goods to the local people. Both agricultural and commercial trade is severely restricted by the poor condition of local roads.
Infrastructure
Idegun is the premier village of Anwain. Its other villages are Idegun, Amah, Ibhioba, Uzokin, Ovughu, Otteh, and Eware. All these villages are in close proximity of an average of four kilometers. The villages are linked by seasonal motorable (untarred) roads which are under the supervision of the local government council. The nearest accessible trunk "A" (Benin-Agbede-Auchi-Abuja road) is eighteen kilometers away.
The clan has only one secondary school. The community is virtually running the school with the engagement of auxiliary teachers, and provision of teaching aids from textbooks to chalks. Each of the villages has a maximum of four teachers.
There is only one health clinic with a midwife and an assistant in the clan.
The only water supply in the clan is streams and a few private wells. The Olen river transverses most of the villages; because of this, it is referred to as a "river of unity".
Footnotes
Ethnic groups in Nigeria
Edo State |
44498959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam%20Gaviglio | Sam Gaviglio | Samuel Joseph Gaviglio (born May 22, 1990) is an American professional baseball pitcher in the Los Angeles Dodgers organization. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Kansas City Royals, and Toronto Blue Jays, and in the KBO League for the SSG Landers. Prior to playing professionally, he played college baseball for the Oregon State Beavers.
Amateur career
Gaviglio attended Ashland High School in Ashland, Oregon, graduating in 2008. He starred for his school's baseball team in his senior year; Gaviglio pitched to a 13–0 win–loss record with an earned run average (ERA) below 0.60, led Ashland High to victory in the Oregon state championship game, and was named the Class 5A Pitcher of the Year. The Tampa Bay Rays selected Gaviglio in the 40th round of the 2008 MLB draft, but he did not sign.
Gaviglio enrolled at Oregon State University to play college baseball for the Oregon State Beavers baseball team. As a freshman, Gaviglio pitched to a 10–1 win–loss record and a 2.73 ERA, and he was named a Freshman All-American. His sophomore year was limited by an injured hamstring. In his junior year, Gaviglio began the season with a streak of scoreless innings pitched. He ended the season with a 12–2 win–loss record and a 1.87 ERA. Gaviglio was named to the All-Pacific-10 Conference's first team, Louisville Slugger named him a second-team All-American, and he was named a semifinalist for the Golden Spikes Award.
Professional career
St. Louis Cardinals
The St. Louis Cardinals selected Gaviglio in the fifth round, with the 170th overall selection, of the 2011 MLB draft. He signed with the Cardinals, receiving a $175,000 signing bonus, rather than return to Oregon State for his senior year. He made his professional debut with the Batavia Muckdogs of the Class A-Short Season New York–Penn League. In 2013, Gaviglio pitched for the Palm Beach Cardinals of the Class A-Advanced Florida State League, and had a 4–1 win–loss record and a 2.72 ERA in innings pitched. He missed months of the 2013 season recovering from a right forearm strain. After the season, the Cardinals assigned him to the Salt River Rafters of the Arizona Fall League.
In 2014, the Cardinals invited Gaviglio to spring training as a non-roster player. Gaviglio pitched for the Springfield Cardinals of the Class AA Texas League, completing the season with a 5–12 win–loss record and a 4.28 ERA in innings pitched. While his season began with a 5.42 ERA in his first 14 games started, he finished the season with a 2.90 ERA in his final 11 games.
Seattle Mariners
After the season, the Cardinals traded Gaviglio to the Seattle Mariners for Ty Kelly. On May 11, 2017, he made his major league debut for the Mariners against the Toronto Blue Jays at Rogers Centre in Toronto.
Kansas City Royals
On September 1, Gaviglio was claimed off waivers by the Kansas City Royals. He was added to the active roster for the rest of the season and pitched at a 3.00 ERA over 12 innings.
Toronto Blue Jays
On March 21, 2018, Gaviglio was traded to the Toronto Blue Jays for cash considerations. He was recalled by the Blue Jays on May 11. Gaviglio spent most of the season in the Blue Jays rotation, finishing with a 3–10 record over 24 starts and 2 relief appearances. He struck out 105 batters in innings. Gaviglio was designated for assignment on September 1, 2020, and released on September 4.
Texas Rangers
On January 30, 2021, Gaviglio signed a minor league contract with the Texas Rangers organization and was invited to Spring Training. In 5 games for the Triple-A Round Rock Express, he recorded a 2-1 record and 5.13 ERA.
SSG Landers
On June 4, 2021, Gaviglio’s contract was sold to the SSG Landers of the KBO League. He made his KBO debut on July 2 against the Lotte Giants, pitching 5.2 innings of 4-run ball with 2 strikeouts. Over the season, Gaviglio made 15 starts for SSG, going 6–4 with a 5.86 ERA and 70 strikeouts.
Los Angeles Dodgers
On January 28, 2022, Gaviglio signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers. He pitched in 17 games for the Triple-A Oklahoma City Dodgers (nine of which were starts), with a 6–4 record and 6.35 ERA. He was placed on the injured list on July 23 and remained there the rest of the season.
Personal life
Gaviglio's brother, Gus, also starred for Ashland's baseball team. His long time girlfriend, also from Ashland, is Alaina Findlay. He is distantly related to former MLB player and manager Ralph Houk. , Gaviglio is married, with two daughters: Livia, born 2018, and Gianna, born 2020.
References
External links
1990 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
American sportspeople of Italian descent
Ashland High School (Oregon) alumni
Baseball players from Oregon
Batavia Muckdogs players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Gulf Coast Cardinals players
Jackson Generals (Southern League) players
Kansas City Royals players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Oklahoma City Dodgers players
Oregon State Beavers baseball players
Palm Beach Cardinals players
Quad Cities River Bandits players
Round Rock Express players
Salt River Rafters players
Seattle Mariners players
Sportspeople from Ashland, Oregon
Springfield Cardinals players
Tacoma Rainiers players
Toronto Blue Jays players
2017 World Baseball Classic players |
44498971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freemake | Freemake | Freemake is a software brand by Ellora Assets Corporation. It can refer to:
Freemake Audio Converter
Freemake Music Box
Freemake Video Converter
Freemake Video Downloader |
6900852 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%20City%20Union%20Depot | Plant City Union Depot | The Plant City Union Depot is a historic train depot in Plant City, Florida, Florida, United States. It was built in 1909 and was crucial in the development of Plant City. The city was named after Henry Plant, who introduced railway lines to improve the transport system in Central and Western Florida. The architectural design is credited to J.F. Leitner.
It is located 102 N. Palmer street near Northeast Drane Street, and was built by the Plant Railroad System and the Florida Navigation and Rail Co., which later became the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad (ACL) and Seaboard Air Line Railroad (SAL). These two lines became more commonly known as the “A Line” and “S Line” after the two railroads merged, which happened when the depot was still operational. The ACL tracks ran east and west. The SAL tracks ran north and south and contained a Railway Express Agency loading dock. The southbound station served ACL trains bound for Tampa and Sarasota and the other station served SAL trains bound for Sarasota, Boca Grande, Naples and Miami.
Plant City Union Depot continued to operate until 1971. It was about to get torn down by the city in 1974, but was saved Plant City Arts Council. On April 14, 1975, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places by the U.S Department of Interior.
Plant City Union Depot was converted into and renamed as the Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum in September 2013 and is open to the public. It is named after Robert W. Willaford in honor of his contributions to this conversion project and his dedication towards trains.
History
When operational, the busy station was accommodating about 44 passenger trains daily. The line was held active by many important figures who travelled along it. The military also took this line to depart for their missions. It was characterized as one of the largest railroad distribution stop and was ranked as the second busiest transportation hub in the state of Florida, Jacksonville being the first. Its strategic location was what determined its important role in the area. It is known that farmers shipped nearly 4 million quarts of strawberries in 1926 through the station itself. The uniqueness of the station was that farmers used it to pay their buyers directly on the station while selling their produce. The introduction of trucks slowed the station's activity to a halt. Once it stopped operating, the railroad was deeded to the city four years later. It was then attributed the title of historic monument and was under the control of the Plant City Art Council.
Passenger service
The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad used the station for its West Coast Champion, bound for Tampa and Sarasota and unnamed trains heading in the same direction.
The Seaboard Air Line used it for its Wildwood to St. Petersburg division. SAL trains serving the station included the Palmland, Silver Meteor and the Sunland.
Restoration
Plant City union depot was restored numerous times with the support of multiple grants allotted, after being listed in the National Register of Historic Places. One major change was to move the two-story tower from the station across the tracks and was completed in April 1987. The idea of adding a restaurant was proposed but not finalized. Some rooms were also restored to serve as art classes for the community. These were made possible from the funds raised by the art council. In 1988, work was performed on the exterior structure of the building with some minor alterations in the interior. In 1997, more grants were given to install bathrooms and air conditioning system. In 2014, the station experienced a major restoration change that stayed till date.
Naming
The name “union” was inherited after the merging of the two competing railroad companies, the Atlantic Coast Line and Seaboard Air Line into the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad in 1967. The station was reopened as museum and was renamed in a ceremony that was organized during the first Railfest in February 2014. It is now known as Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum.
Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum
Robert W. Willaford is a retired locomotive engineer, best known in the community as Plant City’s railroad expert and for his passion towards train. His unique passion led him to keep a train engine and caboose on display in his yard for many years. He was contacted by the City Commissioner Mike Sparkman and told to make some donations in regards to trains. This was the start of the changes and restoration that happened till date. Willaford himself was unaware of what his contributions meant to the community. His contribution to this project was about 28 railroad items, ranging approximately $212 500, that he collected for nearly 43 years. He amassed and salvaged this collection from scrap yards coming from Miami, Georgia, Baltimore, Ohio, Vermont. In return to this contribution and after undertaking several negotiations, Willaford and the city agreed in renaming the new museum as the Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum in February 2014.
Recent changes
On November 14, 2013, the caboose along with the engine were moved to the actual site. Prior to the arrival of the train, C.J. Bridges Railroad Contractor installed tracks for the caboose. These changes were made under the supervision of the City Commissioner. The two-story building has been equipped with an elevator to give access for visitors with disabilities. A train platform has also been built to display some of the memorabilia that was donated earlier. The 24/7 viewing platform has been built for train enthusiasts to view the few operational trains still passing through Plant City. The brickwork has been renovated and a roof has been built. The platform's model was inspired from Georgia’s Folkston Funnel which is a train station with a similar viewing platform. The station will now have a scanner which record the transmissions between trains like the Folkston Funnel. Plant City's depot is bigger than that of Georgia's as it has a 14- foot tower and a lower deck platform.
Events
Since the opening of the museum, events have been hosted for the public to participate in train-related topics. Each year a two-day Railfest is organized by the museum. The event is free, family friendly and open for rail fans. During the event, train-themed films are projected, free-museum admission is granted, scavenger hunts are organized, tours of the caboose are available and access to miniature train rides are arranged for visitors to enjoy. Each year the activities differ and new activities are organized. There are also fund-raising rallies organized throughout the year. In 2019 the Railfest was on Saturday 13 April. The money collected is used to maintain the collection and to pay the staff working during the week.
References
Hillsborough County listings at National Register of Historic Places
Florida's Office of Cultural and Historical Programs
Hillsborough County listings
Plant City Union Depot
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida
National Register of Historic Places in Hillsborough County, Florida
Union stations in the United States
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad stations
Seaboard Air Line Railroad stations
Transportation buildings and structures in Hillsborough County, Florida
Plant City, Florida |
6900866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley%20of%20the%20Seven%20Castles | Valley of the Seven Castles | The Valley of the Seven Castles () is an informal name given to the Äischdall, the valley of the Eisch river, in central Luxembourg. The valley stretches from the confluence with the Alzette upstream to Steinfort, on the border with Belgium. The entire route can be traversed in about an hour by car, starting near the town of Arlon on the Belgian/Luxembourg border. There is also a 37-kilometre footpath that takes hikers along the valley and past the castles.
It is named after the group of seven castles that line its route. Those seven castles are (in order, heading upstream):
Mersch
Schoenfels
Hollenfels
Ansembourg Castle
New Castle of Ansembourg
Septfontaines
Koerich Castle
Landforms of Luxembourg
Capellen (canton)
Mersch (canton)
Valleys of Europe |
44498992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duets%202001 | Duets 2001 | Duets 2001 is an album by American jazz saxophonist Fred Anderson with former Sun Ra drummer Robert Barry, which, despite the title, was recorded live in 1999 at Chicago's Empty Bottle after having performed together only once before. It was released on the Thrill Jockey label.
Reception
In his review for AllMusic, Glenn Astarita states "Duets 2001 is a rousing success, as the duo embarks upon a series of mid-tempo swing vamps atop free bop-style dialogue and brisk interplay, thanks to Anderson's corpulent tone, limberly executed lines, and Barry's polyrhythmic swing beats."
The Penguin Guide to Jazz says "Barry is a powerful drummer, well used to marshalling the most chaotic and anarchic of ensembles, but here he can be quite delicate, and only a recording of this quality would have captured all of his quieter figures."
The All About Jazz review by Mark Corroto notes that "While this session is billed as an improvising occasion, the duo is anything but loose and no musical idea finds a dead end. It seems that for every action one player takes, there is the positive reaction by the other."
In an article for the Chicago Reader, Neil Tesser claims "I've been listening to tenor saxophonist Fred Anderson for about 30 years, and I can't recall a more joyful, liberated, lyrical example of his playing than his latest disc, Duets 2001".
Track listing
"Bouncing" - 13:05
"Speed Way" - 8:17
"Taps" - 8:46
"Off Blue" - 8:41
"We" - 6:20
"Dark Day" - 7:59
Personnel
Fred Anderson - tenor sax
Robert Barry - drums
References
2001 live albums
Fred Anderson (musician) live albums
Thrill Jockey live albums |
44498994 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midalja%20g%C4%A7all-Qadi%20tar-Repubblika | Midalja għall-Qadi tar-Repubblika | The Midalja għall-Qadi tar-Repubblika (Medal for Service to the Republic) is a medal of the Republic of Malta. The medal is awarded by the President of Malta, with the written approval of the Prime Minister of Malta, for distinguished service to Malta. The award is presented to Maltese citizens and organizations, but may be awarded to foreigners on an honorary basis for service which merits recognition. No more than ten Maltese citizens may be awarded the medal over the course of a year. The medal may be awarded posthumously.
Recipients of the medal are entitled to use the post-nominal M.Q.R.
Appearance
The Midalja għall-Qadi tar-Repubblika is a five-pointed white enamel star wide with beveled rays between the arms of the star. The obverse bears the Coat of Arms of Malta on a gold colored metal disc superimposed over the star. The top point of the star bears the inscription 1975 in gold. The reverse depicts, in relief, a map of the Maltese Islands. The map is surrounded by a wreath. Below the wreath is the inscription Għall-Qadi tar-Repubblika (For Service to the Republic). The ribbon of the medal is wide half white and half red. When worn by a lady, the ribbon is fashioned into a bow.
See also
Orders, decorations, and medals of Malta
References
Orders, decorations, and medals of Malta |
6900871 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Hilfiker | Hans Hilfiker | Hans Hilfiker (15 September 1901 – 2 March 1993) was a Swiss engineer and designer. In 1944, working for the Swiss Federal Railways, he designed the Swiss railway clock, which became an international icon. The SBB clock was not the only contribution by Hilfiker to modern living. He developed the concept of the fitted kitchen and was responsible for the standard Swiss dimensions for kitchen components (55/60/90 cm).
Early life
Hilfiker was born in Zurich, Switzerland on 15 September 1901. After attending primary and secondary school, Hilfiker completed an apprenticeship as a precision mechanic. He studied electrical and telecommunications engineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and gained a diploma.
Career
Siemens
Hilfiker began working for Albiswerk Zürich, a Siemens production plant in 1925. He was transferred to Argentina in 1926 and became technical advisor to the telecommunications troops of the Argentine Army until 1928. His tasks included building workshops and mobile telephone exchanges, while also training telecommunications non-commissioned officers. As a senior engineer, he was involved in the construction of the Buenos Aires - Rosario telephone line through the Paraná River in 1929. He planned a submarine cable running through the Río de la Plata to connect the Argentine and Uruguayan capitals in 1930. The same year, Hilfiker was transferred to Berlin and trained for the role of operating a Siemens subsidiary in Argentina. The plan however did not materialize and Hilfiker returned to Switzerland in 1931.
Swiss Federal Railways
Hilfiker joined the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) as an engineer in construction department III in 1932. In his first year, he developed the first iteration of the later iconic Swiss railway clock. The version which was first displayed at the Bahnhofplatz (plaza) adjacent of Zürich Hauptbahnhof (Zürich Central Station) lacked the 'minute' and 'second' hands. Hilfiker would improve upon the design with the addition of a 'minute' hand in 1943. The following year, the SBB replaced all its clocks across the country in an effort to have a consistent clock face, which were all synchronized by a master clock linked to the telephone network. Hilfiker became deputy head of the construction department and head of the fixed electrical systems services. Among other things, he also designed a gantry crane to load heavy goods from the road onto the rail, the platform roof for Winterthur Grüze station, and a timetable projector for the Zurich station.
In 1955, Hilfiker launched the final iteration of the Swiss railway clock, which had been in development since 1952. A 'second' hand resembling a red signalling disk was added, which would pause slightly at the twelve o'clock mark, before jumping forward with the minute hand (see illustration). It became an international icon.
Therma AG
Between 1958 and 1968, Hilfike was a director of Therma AG located in Schwanden of the canton of Glarus. He developed a completely new kitchen range for Therma that consisted of modules that could be combined with one another. Until then, Therma had been producing standalone devices. With these system kitchens, he laid the foundation for the Swiss kitchen standard SINK (Swiss Industrial Commission for the Standardization of Kitchens), which deviated from the European one (width 55 instead of 60 cm). A prototype based on this standard was shown at the EXPO 1964 in Lausanne. Hilfiker created an actual corporate design for Therma and restructured the manufacturing processes for the new fitted kitchens.
Death and legacy
Hilfiker died in Locarno, Switzerland on 2 March 1993. The final iteration of his clock remains in use today and is a protected trademark of the SBB.
References
Works cited
External links
Hilfiker family website (partial)
1901 births
1993 deaths
Swiss designers |
6900877 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockman%20Foundation | Lockman Foundation | The Lockman Foundation is a nonprofit, interdenominational Christian ministry dedicated to the translation, publication, and distribution of Bibles and other biblical resources in English and other languages.
The foundation's core products are the New American Standard Bible and the Amplified Bible, both evolving from the 1901 American Standard Version. By 2009, the foundation had distributed about 25 million Bibles.
The foundation was established in 1942 by F. Dewey Lockman (1898–1974) and his wife Minna Lockman when they donated part of their citrus ranch in La Habra, California.
Dewey Lockman led the foundation until his death, followed by Samuel Sutherland (1974–1979), and Robert Lambeth (1979–2017). Robert Lambeth was a donor to all six seminaries of the Southern Baptist Convention.
The foundation reported assets of $13 million and employment of 12 staff for 2020. Pike Lambeth has served full time as executive vice-president since at least 2009.
The declared purpose of the foundation is “to foster and promote the Holy Bible as the inspired and inerrant word of God through Christian, charitable, and educational activities.” Its doctrinal statement, established early in the foundation's history, is closely aligned with fundamentalism.
In common with most Bible translation projects, the foundation organized teams of scholars and pastors for the task. The Amplified translation of the Gospel of John was published first, in 1958, and the full text in 1965 (AMP). The New American Standard translation of the Gospel of John was published in 1963 and the complete Bible in 1971 (NASB). Substantial revisions to the Amplified version were issued in 1987 and 2015 and to the NASB version in 1995 and 2021. Both versions are offered in English and Spanish in various formats through the foundation's online store. The 2021 NASB is also identified as the Legacy Standard Bible (LSB).
The foundation sought to have the NASB translated further into several Asian languages and maintained a relationship with an evangelical alliance mission for over 30 years. As a result, a Japanese version was published along with versions in Hindi, Korean, and Chinese (in both Mandarin and simplified scripts). The relationship eventually soured, and lawsuits were filed in the US and Japan over copyright and other issues. In 1991, a US Appeals Court decided the cases should be decided in Japanese courts.
As of 2022, the foundation's online store does not offer materials in Asian languages.
References
External links
Lockman Foundation website
Christian mass media companies
Christian publishing companies
La Habra, California
Organizations based in Orange County, California
Organizations established in 1942
1942 establishments in California |
17330564 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallu%20Magalh%C3%A3es | Mallu Magalhães | Maria Luiza de Arruda Botelho Pereira de Magalhães (born August 29, 1992), known as Mallu Magalhães (), is a Brazilian singer, songwriter and musician. Mallu first came to prominence through her MySpace page, becoming known for her own songs and those of renowned artists. She found herself gracing the covers of major newspapers such as Folha de S. Paulo, O Estado de S. Paulo and Jornal do Brasil, and was featured in Rolling Stone, Istoé, Época among others. In the first two years of career, she became the subject of countless blogs, packed shows, attracted critical attention, and had more than 4 million hits on her MySpace page. In 2008 she released her first eponymous album and in 2009 she released her second album, also self-titled. In 2013 she formed Banda do Mar, along with her husband Marcelo Camelo, and the Portuguese drummer Fred Ferreira. Their first album was released in August 2014. Mallu has a daughter, Luísa, born December 28, 2015.
Biography
1992–2007: Before the fame
Mallu is the daughter of a landscape architect and an engineer with a passion for classic rock, which appears as an influence on their musical tastes. Aged eight, Mallu received a guitar from her father and two years later began teaching. At twelve, she began writing songs, mostly written in English.
On her 15th birthday, Mallu asked her parents and grandparents that their gifts were given in cash. With it, Mallu managed to record four songs in the studio Lucy Sky, and put them on her MySpace page, among which "Tchubaruba", "J1" and the music video "Vanguart" became best known.
Mallu has received positive criticism in publications such as Rolling Stone, Trip and Bravo!, and her music has been praised for its inception, spontaneity, cultural background and her talent for singing and composing both in English and Portuguese. Mallu also sings and composes in French. She lists her influences as classic rock and folk as well as The Beatles, Belle & Sebastian, Bob Dylan, Johnny Cash, and other similar musical styles.
Mallu Magalhães was the first artist from Brazil to participate in the design world Sessions MTV and at the same station, had her first clip "J1", as one of the most requested by viewers.
Mallu plays guitar, harmonica, melodica and banjo.
2008–2009: First album, tour, and DVD
With concerts selling out across the country, she held a special show for the clothing line Maria Bonita Extra, at Fashion Rio, a major fashion event in Brazil; three concerts in Portugal, one of which at the biggest music festival in the country, Southwest Festival, along with Faith No More and Lily Allen. The songs "J1" and "Tchubaruba" were also used in a national campaign for Brazilian cell phone operator Vivo.
Mallu collected appraisals from celebrities and national personalities all over Brazil. She was a special guest at Tom Zé's talk show. Being one of her greatest fans, he declared once:
"I heard the music of Mallu and loved it. I became a fan."
During the holidays in July 2008, Mallu recorded at AR studios in Rio de Janeiro, where a console analog to the one at British EMI's Abbey Road Studios, analogue tape recorders and rare microphones from the 60s were used, to capture the atmosphere. The production was led by Mario Caldato Jr, who had worked with artists like John Lee Hooker, Beck and Björk, and the album was released independently by the Agencia de Música and Microservice on November 15, 2008.
Invited by the artist Marcelo Camelo (Los Hermanos), Mallu sang and played the guitar in the song Janta (Marcelo Camelo), which appeared on Camelo's debut album. Both admitted having a relationship after Camelo made a special appearance at Mallu's concert on Morro da Urca in October 2008.
That same year Mallu was nominated for the Brazilian's MTV Music Awards, running for artist of the year, best new artist and concert of the year, but lost. She spent the year traveling around Brazil and giving numerous concerts, including one at the My Space Music Tour, a gratuitous series of concerts. In early October, she recorded her first live DVD during a concert in São Paulo.
2009–2010: Second album and tour
In August 2009, Mallu entered the studio again, this time under the direction of renowned producer Kassin (Vanessa da Mata, Caetano Veloso, Mariah Carey) to record her second CD, which was launched on December 8, 2009 Agência de Música/Sony Music with Shine Yellow as the first single. A tour supported the album pair began on January 23, 2010 in the "Festival de Verão de Salvador" in Salvador, Bahia.
2011–2013: Third album and international exposure
In "Pitanga", produced in partnership with her boyfriend Marcelo Camelo and released on September 30, 2011, Mallu presents her third album showing both personal and musical growth. In this album, the artist explored new instruments such as drums, piano and electric guitars. "Highly Sensitive", a compilation, was released in October 2013 in the US, Mallu's first US release. Prior to the release of the album, the title track "Highly Sensitive" was used as the soundtrack for Windows 8 commercial ads.
2013–present: Banda do Mar and Vem
After moving to Lisbon with her husband Marcelo Camelo, they joined the drummer Fred Ferreira to form Banda do Mar, releasing their first album in late 2014. In 2017, she released her fourth solo album Vem, which was elected the 4th best Brazilian album of 2017 by the Brazilian edition of Rolling Stone.
Discography
Solo
Studio albums
Mallu Magalhães (2008)
Mallu Magalhães (2009)
Pitanga (2011)
Vem (2017)
Esperança (2021)
Compilation albums
Highly Sensitive (2013)
Video releases
Mallu Magalhães (2008)
With Banda do Mar
Banda do Mar (2014)
Tours
Awards and nominations
References
1992 births
Living people
21st-century Brazilian women singers
21st-century Brazilian singers
Musicians from São Paulo
Latin music songwriters
Brazilian banjoists
Brazilian emigrants to Portugal
Brazilian women singer-songwriters |
23575978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel%20drift | Channel drift | Channel drift or network decay is the gradual shift of a television network away from its original programming, to either target a newer and more profitable audience, or to broaden its viewership by including less niche programming. Often, this results in a shift from informative or artistic quality programming aimed at cultured and educated viewers toward sensational, ratings-based or reality-formatted programming designed solely for the entertainment of a mass audience. Channel drift frequently features the incorporation of infotainment, reality television and heavy advertising into the channel's lineup.
Overview
United States
Cable
Networks primarily focused on a particular topic, such as History Channel, tend to add shows that the channel's management feel that a larger audience wants to see, thus leading to additional profits. By producing irrelevant or low-quality programming they can increase their ratings to a target audience, increase viewership and increase revenues. The degree of channel drift can vary: some of the nonconforming programming may retain some degree of association with the channel's original purpose (such as in the case of the History Channel, Pawn Stars, American Pickers, and Top Shot), while other programming may have no association whatsoever (such as Ax Men and Ice Road Truckers).
Channel drift can also result from the acquisition of sports rights or reruns of popular television series that would otherwise not fit the channel's format; Outdoor Life Network, for instance, acquired the rights to the National Hockey League in 2005, so the network began transitioning toward a general sports network known today as NBCSN. Conversely, WGN America abandoned its expensive sports packages in 2014 as part of its drift from a Chicago-centric superstation into a nationally oriented general entertainment channel; WGN America eventually started a gradual transition away from entertainment programming, structured as such due to contractual commitments to existing syndicated programming, to adopt a cable news format as NewsNation in March 2021.
A channel may rebrand itself to more accurately reflect its new content. Sci-Fi Channel changed its name to Syfy for both trademark reasons and to allow a stretching of the network's definition of appropriate programming to include content such as Law & Order: Special Victims Unit reruns and WWE professional wrestling. (WWE moved to USA Network in 2016.) Another example is the conversion of Court TV to truTV, which allowed it to show more reality-based programming (though initially retaining a law enforcement focus, such as repeats of World's Wildest Police Videos) and slowly phase out their advertiser-repelling legal system and courtroom programming. This process ended in October 2009 when the remaining courtroom analysis programs transitioned to CNN.com's legal news section and occasional court coverage from CNN Center on the mainline channel. TruTV then aired competitions, hidden camera prank shows, and even the first three rounds of the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. TruTV was further reformatted to a more conventional reality network with a strong emphasis on comedy on 27 October 2014, and then to comedy programming full-time in 2016 with the addition of scripted programming. Court TV would be revived as a digital subchannel network in 2019. Other examples include the drifting of The Learning Channel, which has officially renamed itself under the three-letter orphan initialism "TLC" since its transition to primarily reality television series, and that of most of the MTV Networks.
MTV Networks were a pioneer in channel drift. Music Television (as MTV was originally known) was originally a channel devoted to popular music videos upon its launch in August 1981, but began adding entertainment and reality programs geared toward a young adult audience in the 1990s, beginning a progression toward its current focus of reality and scripted programming. The music videos on the main channel were eventually limited to overnight and morning time periods, and were eventually pushed to spinoff networks MTV2, then to MTV Hits. MTV2 itself would gradually drift from an all-music video format to include reruns of MTV programs, original series, and acquired off-network sitcoms; MTV Hits would later be discontinued in favor of NickMusic.
Video Hits One likewise began as an outlet for adult contemporary music before transitioning to an urban pop culture channel as VH1; Country Music Television drifted to southern culture and general rerun programming as CMT; and The Nashville Network, perhaps the most dramatic, drifted to general entertainment format as The National Network and then to a heavily male-oriented program lineup known as Spike, only to drift back toward general entertainment in 2015 and become the Paramount Network in 2018, which is slated to become Paramount Movie Network in 2021.
While Nickelodeon has largely remained a children's-oriented channel throughout its history, its late-night Nick at Nite programming block (which for Nielsen ratings purposes is a separate channel from Nickelodeon) has drifted greatly from airing classic television (first from the Golden Age of Television, later expanding to shows from the 1960s and 1970s), to more recent shows still airing in local syndication, to its current focus on adolescent and young adult audiences similar to that of ABC Family (now Freeform). Nick at Nite launched TV Land as a spin-off channel due to its increased focus on more recent programming (as well as the elimination of non-sitcom programming on Nick at Nite), only for TV Land itself to eventually shift to more recent programming and even original programming. In recent years, networks such as Cozi TV and MeTV have emerged to fill this gap with their programming being primarily 1950s–1960s television shows; even those networks have left older content to early hours in their broadcast day for more recent content. Retro Television Network is the most prominent network still focused on 1950s and 1960s television shows.
Nickelodeon's cable channel Nicktoons is another example of channel drift, though in that channel's particular case, it has never had a particularly strong focus on anything other than being an overflow channel for Nickelodeon. In 2014, Nicktoons added sports content to its lineup to little viewer interest, but the block continues as three of the programs (NFL Rush Zone, WWE Slam City and Wild Grinders) were produced by sports leagues or to promote Viacom personalities on other networks (for Wild Grinders, MTV host Rob Dyrdek). Recently, Nicktoons' schedule has begun to feature live-action sitcoms on a cyclical basis, depending on the current output and success of Nickelodeon's animated series.
Channel drift can also result from a network's owner purchasing a competing channel and drifting one or both channels' formats to avoid overlapping. The aforementioned TNN was one example of this, as its Southern culture programming overlapped extensively with CMT's. ABC Family was also an example as The Walt Disney Company's 2001 purchase of the channel from News Corporation dramatically reduced its carriage of children's programming in order to avoid redundancy with Disney Channel. Destination America, a channel prone to frequent format changes over the course of its history, began as a network targeting rural middle America; parent company Discovery Communications' purchase of the former Scripps cable networks brought it under the same corporate umbrella as Great American Country, and thus Destination America began adding professional wrestling (briefly) and paranormal ghost-hunting programs to its schedule. Both GAC and Destination America were candidates to be reformatted entirely in 2019 to make way for the Magnolia Network, which is now expected to replace DIY Network when it launches in 2021.
Another case of channel drift is HLN, which started as CNN2. Its format originally consisted of rolling half-hour newscasts that were updated periodically throughout the day; one year after its launch, the channel changed its name to CNN Headline News to better reflect the rolling news format. By 2005, its programming began to include hour-long specialty and discussion-based news programs similar to those found on the main CNN channel (such as Showbiz Tonight, Nancy Grace and Issues with Jane Velez-Mitchell) and by 2013, it had ceased its scaled back rolling news coverage further – relegating it to morning and early afternoon timeslots – and shifted toward crime mysteries and docudramas, showing programs such as Forensic Files.
Broadcast
One of the earliest examples of channel drift, and one that predates modern cable television, was programming changes by CBS. During the late 1960s, CBS had a reputation as a network with a disproportionate number of shows that targeted rural and older viewers, seen by advertisers as undesirable due to ingrained buying habits on the one hand and a greater perception of poverty on the other. Beginning in 1970, incoming network vice president Fred Silverman orchestrated the "rural purge," in which these shows would be canceled in favor of shows targeting younger, suburban viewers with more disposable income.
Another example of channel drift is the case of the Fox Broadcasting Company. Throughout its early existence, and even after its ascent to major network status, Fox had a reputation for lowbrow, alternative programming and knockoffs of other networks' hit shows, both aimed at a very young demographic. Beginning with the major success of American Idol in the early 2000s, Fox drifted away somewhat from this reputation; its dramas and sitcoms became more conventional, on the level of the historic Big Three television networks, and it put less emphasis on reality programs later that decade.
One less obvious, but nonetheless true, example of the phenomenon has occurred since the 1980s in American public television. From the origins of the medium in the late 1950s, stations, who were then affiliated with National Educational Television, the precursor to the current PBS, served two specific audiences: first, they provided, on weekdays, instructional programming for children used in school classrooms, to supplement traditional curricula; second, they served adults (on evenings and weekends) by scheduling shows that were alternatives to the fare available on commercial broadcasting, such as theatrical plays, classical music concerts, literary dramas, and serious public affairs initiatives like investigative reporting and civil discussion of political matters, things that had been mostly abandoned by the commercial networks with the end of the Golden Age of Television in and around 1960. Beginning with the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, the Federal government, along with those of most U.S. states, invested in production and distribution of such programming via NET/PBS and the construction of a large number of new stations. The political climate of the time was decidedly liberal and thus supportive of generous governmental funding of the medium, which developed its institutions accordingly.
However, the 1970s saw a political turn rightward, increasingly suspicious of Federal programs especially, and originally-anticipated steady increases in public taxpayer support did not materialize, leaving the new PBS and its stations with significant monetary gaps that had to be filled by other sources. "Pledge drives," at least an annual occurrence on stations, emerged in the mid-1970s to address cutbacks from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting that occurred due to political changes and the economic recessions of that period; members of the general public would donate money to the station in exchange for certain privileges. Also, stations and program producers began to cultivate so-called "underwriting" (a modified form of advertising that did not interrupt shows in progress) from businesses, particularly large corporations who were then motivated by a sense of noblesse oblige to their communities and the country at large (in later years, these grants would become more targeted toward certain genres, raising suspicions by critics that they constituted de facto commercial advertising). This generated another large source of revenue. Some stations went so far as to stage week-long "auctions" of merchandise or services donated by retailers and other businesses, to which viewers would place "bids," from which the winner would receive the item or service in exchange for a donation to the station; these were quite successful in many markets from the 1970s through the 2000s.
In order to attract audiences who would donate to stations, which, in turn, purchased programming from other stations and producers in the PBS system, program managers felt increasingly that it was necessary to reduce the proportion of cultural and informational shows on the adult schedule, in order to appeal to a wider audience than a small, highly educated cohort. This especially became the case during pledge drives, which were imagined to be times when non-regular viewers could be appealed to with special programming. With the aging (and eventual death) of audiences who were the most enthusiastic for more serious (and heretofore customary) fare, it was felt that younger viewers with more disposable income would be more interested in programs akin to those they were accustomed to on commercial television rather than formats such as classical dramas (a number of them imports from the British Broadcasting Corporation) and documentaries on sometimes arcane subjects. This led to the introduction of things like lifestyle-oriented shows featuring hobbies like gardening, cooking, and home repair; specialty or niche informational programs like the Nightly Business Report and The Charlie Rose Show; reruns of certain former commercial TV shows (e.g., The Lawrence Welk Show, National Geographic specials); and British-import situation comedies (a la Are You Being Served?, Monty Python's Flying Circus). This amounted to exchanging what is termed as "high-brow" material for a more "middle-brow" approach to programming, while avoiding conspicuously mass-appeal formats such as adult-oriented game shows, action-oriented crime dramas, sensationalistic news magazines, and celebrity-driven talk shows. By the 1990s and 2000s, pledge drives became mainly reliant on fare such as TJ Lubinsky's nostalgic music specials (which themselves focus on oldies and adult standards music largely abandoned by commercial outlets) and self-help seminars of often questionable integrity (the latter were in fact not officially sanctioned by PBS and even rebuked by the network's ombudsman). Despite the stated aims to appeal to a non-elderly audience, PBS could not keep up, it seemed to many, with rapid developments in cable television, which began offering alternatives to viewers that were generally more sensationalistic and visually compelling than the staid, restrained traditions of the public medium. Some of those new networks in fact began aping the "how-to" and lifestyle formats that originally became popular via PBS (e.g., HGTV, Food Network). That competition, in turn, began to influence programmers to even further diminish or outright remove any shows considered "stuffy" or slow-paced, which eliminated several long-running staples of the network (e.g., Firing Line [original version], Wall Street Week).
At about the same time, development in technologies such as video cassette recorders enabled schoolteachers to bypass the need to schedule their classes around broadcasts of instructional material; typically, either school support staff would record the shows or teachers would do so themselves by using their VCRs' overnight silent-record function (some stations accommodated the latter practice by using what would otherwise be "dead air" time). Some PBS stations, in fact, took advantage of the changes to directly provide educational programs to schools without using airtime at all, something that accelerated with the emergence of video on demand via the internet in the 2000s. That created a void in the daytime hours that PBS executives decided to fill with a new generation of children's programming, aimed at preschoolers. To supplement beloved historic programs such as Sesame Street and Reading Rainbow, the network and leading stations developed several animated series with an educational and/or ethical emphasis. Part of that was also occasioned by the fact that commercial stations and networks were canceling children's cartoons, many of which were considered of dubious quality in any case, due to changing viewing habits and the FCC mandate, imposed in 1996, that required broadcast stations (of any kind) to include at least three hours per week of informational and educational programs for young people.
Therefore, with the original mission of public television having drastically changed in both its dimensions since its 1950s origins due to technological, political, and cultural shifts, channel drift became quite endemic to PBS and its affiliates. As such, this occurrence has left voids for adult viewers that have been filled mainly by two sources. First, the main fine arts source for television is the cable-and-satellite-distributed Classic Arts Showcase, which is funded entirely by an endowment from the estate of its founder and is not dependent whatsoever on private donations or government funding, unlike the PBS system. Second, serious, civil public affairs programming is frequently found on the C-SPAN networks, non-profit public services provided by cable companies and paid for by a portion of each customer's monthly bill. This supplements PBS news programming such as the PBS Newshour and Washington Week, two of the remaining public affairs programs on the national schedule.
Counterexamples
Channel drift is not always successful, and can often lead to backlash. The Weather Channel (TWC), for instance, faced criticism for its attempts to add entertainment programming to its schedule (which had historically focused primarily on weather news and information), culminating in the controversial introduction of a Friday-night movie block featuring films with some relation to weather as a plot point (such as The Perfect Storm). Citing the network's carriage fees and drift towards entertainment content, Dish Network dropped TWC and replaced it with WeatherNation's The Weather Cast on 21 May 2010, only to reach a deal to carry TWC again three days later. In January 2014, TWC faced a similar carriage dispute with DirecTV, who dropped the channel by citing its carriage fees, and complaints from viewers over the amount of reality programming it had carried. DirecTV added a competing channel, WeatherNation TV, as an alternative. TWC reached a new carriage agreement with DirecTV on 8 April 2014, with the network agreeing to reduce the amount of reality programming it carries on weekdays.
The former Family Channel is one of the few known instances in which the amount of channel drift allowed was limited to some degree. Launching as religious network CBN Satellite Service (a cable extension of televangelist Pat Robertson's Christian Broadcasting Network) in 1977, it later incorporated family-oriented secular programs by 1984, which became the channel's dominant form of programming for nearly two decades. In 1990, CBN agreed to sell the network to International Family Entertainment, but with strings attached: it is required to air CBN's flagship program The 700 Club twice each weekday as well as a day-long CBN telethon each January in perpetuity as part of a long-term time-buy. Following its sale to News Corporation, CBN made another long-term time-buy on the station to air a daily half-hour CBN talk show, then known as Living the Life, to the lineup. After The Walt Disney Company acquired the channel from News Corporation in 2001, Disney planned to reformat the channel as "XYZ" (a reverse reference to the American Broadcasting Company's abbreviation) and shift its target to a more hip audience such as college students or young women; possibly to avoid redundancies with the existing family-friendly Disney Channel. To create XYZ, Fox Family would have had to cease to exist — Disney would have had to create XYZ as an entirely new network, and negotiate carriage agreements with pay television providers from scratch (something that, in modern times, is fairly common, but would have been much more disruptive to one of the most widely distributed channels on cable). Nonetheless, under the ABC Family brand, the channel drifted from its strictly family-friendly format under Disney ownership; the channel gradually dropped series aimed at children from its schedule and incorporated programs aimed at young adults featuring profanity, some violence, and some sexual content, alongside its family-oriented series and films, and now airs a standard disclaimer before each broadcast of The 700 Club in which The Walt Disney Company disowns any connection to the show. Disney further denied the "Family" stipulation existed in late 2015 when it announced plans to rename the channel "Freeform" in January 2016. In February 2009, Disney XD was originally launched as a boy-oriented TV channel, with the parent channel's shows aimed mostly at girls aged 13 – 16. Four years later, after the network was found to have a surprisingly high female audience, Disney XD added some programs with female protagonists, such as Kim Possible and Star vs. the Forces of Evil, while maintaining a mostly action-driven format.
In more recent years, networks have started abandoning the idea of channel drift as some of the channels experienced poor results. AMC (originally an outlet for "American Movie Classics") drifted successfully into premium scripted dramas in the late 2000s, such as Mad Men, The Walking Dead and Breaking Bad. However, a further drift into unscripted shows such as 4th and Loud (a docuseries focusing on an Arena Football League team owned by members of the rock band Kiss) and Game of Arms (a reality series following competitive arm wrestlers) were mostly unsuccessful, prompting the network to cancel all but two of the shows (Comic Book Men, a docuseries following a comic book store owned by filmmaker Kevin Smith, and the Walking Dead-related talk show Talking Dead) in favor of focusing more on its core scripted slate.
In the early-2010s, USA Network—which built a niche for lighthearted comedy-dramas through the 2000s—attempted to augment them with original sitcoms (such as Benched and Sirens) to build upon its acquisition of off-network reruns of Modern Family. USA mostly backed away from that approach by 2014, as it prepared a shift away from its previous "blue sky" direction for its drama slate.
Outside the United States
In some countries, cable television channels are subject to the rules and regulations set forth by each country's communications bureau and must be licensed accordingly.
Canada
In Canada, specialty television channels were initially subject to conditions of license requiring them to operate within quotas of specific categories of programs. This system was designed primarily to ensure the integrity of channels that were licensed with the expectation of a specific format, and to prevent undue competition with established channels–a practice referred to as the "genre protection" rules.
For example, the presence of MuchMusic as an established music channel in Canada led to applications of these rules impacting the later launch of MTV-branded channels in Canada; Craig Media's MTV Canada was licensed as a channel featuring entertainment and informal education programming targeting youth and young adults, and could not devote more than 10% of its weekly programming to "music video clips" in order to protect MuchMusic. However, following complaints by its owner CHUM Limited (who also accused Craig of having used the pretense of a youth-based service to contravene the genre protection rule by, ultimately, offering a music-based service), the CRTC ruled that MTV Canada violated this quota due to music video content contained within programs such as Making the Video and MTV Select—even though the program categories distinguish music-related programs and music videos. Contrarily, sister channel MTV2 Canada was able to devote its lineup to music video programming, as it was licensed as part of "Music 5"—a specialty service consisting of channels devoted to specific genres of music.
A second incarnation of MTV Canada launched by CTVglobemedia in 2005 was also restricted in its airing of music content, but this time as the result of drift from its original format as TalkTV.
Outside of North America
The South African Broadcasting Corporation originally had its 3 main channels dedicated to specific ethnic groups and their home languages. SABC 1 primarily broadcasts shows that target the Bantu-speakers, while SABC 2 focused on Afrikaans programming and SABC 3 aimed at the English-speaking South Africans. Anti-apartheid propaganda and prejudice against Afrikaners caused SABC2's Afrikaans programming to be gradually replaced with English despite its high viewership. The lack of Afrikaans programming, along with the launch of DStv's rival Afrikaans-channel KykNET, caused the once-popular SABC2's viewership to decline. The SABC has been met with strong criticism over its treatment of Afrikaans programming on SABC2.
In September 2020, GMA News TV began its gradual transition from its original news format to general entertainment and sports, since the acquisition of rights to NCAA and additional entertainment programs due to the increase of its commercial load. This changes was targeted by mounting viewers' criticism where entertainment programs should be pre-emptied for the news coverage, notably when the Philippines was hit by Typhoon Goni (Rolly) which later re-branded as GTV in February 2021.
Radio format drift
To a certain extent, channel drift can also occur in radio, especially music radio: see, for instance, the transition from oldies to classic hits, beautiful music to smooth jazz, and MOR to adult contemporary. In these cases, channel drift occurs when a format's older music becomes less popular or profitable (often due to the fans of that music dying, retiring, and leaving the area, or aging out of advertising demographics) and newer music is inserted into the playlist to draw younger listeners.
See also
Key demographic
References
Further reading
External links
Top 5 Networks That Have Sold Their Souls
Demographic Downfall: Television Executives Missing the Point
Television terminology
Cable television
Change |
23575984 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil%20Rollinson | Neil Rollinson | Neil Rollinson (born 1960 West Yorkshire) is a British poet.
Life
He has published four collections of poetry, all Poetry Book Society Recommendations (Jonathan Cape UK). His last collection Talking Dead was shortlisted for the Costa Poetry Award. He has published several pamphlets, the last of which, also titled Talking Dead was shortlisted for the Michael Marks award. He was writer in residence at Wordworth’s Dove Cottage for two years and has since been teaching creative writing at Bath Spa University.
He was 2007 writer-in-residence at Manchester's Centre For New Writing.
He tutors occasionally at the Arvon Centre. and works regularly with mentees on poetry projects.
Awards
1997 First Prize, UK National Poetry Competition
Royal Literary Fund Fellow
2005 Cholmondeley Award
2015 Shortlist: Costa Poetry Prize.
Works
"Constellations"; "Entropy", Nox Oculis
"The Ecstasy of St Saviours Avenue"
chapbook
References
External links
"Author's website"
"Interview: Neil Rollinson", Pomegranate, Issue 5
1960 births
Living people
Alumni of Newcastle University
British poets
People from West Yorkshire
British male poets
Writers from Yorkshire |
6900885 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asagiri-class%20destroyer | Asagiri-class destroyer | The is a class of destroyer, serving with the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF). It was the second class of first generation general-purpose destroyers of the JMSDF.
Background
The JMSDF started construction of a since FY1977. This was the first class of under the eight ships / eight helicopters concept. In this concept, each flotilla would be composed of one helicopter destroyer (DDH), five general-purpose destroyers (DD), and two guided missile destroyers (DDG).
However, due to constraints such as budget, design of the Hatsuyuki class was compelled to compromise in terms of C4I function and resistance and durability. Thus, destroyers to be built after FY1983, Asagiri class were changed to an evolved design with expanded hull and enhanced equipment.
Design
The hull is an enlarged type of Hatsuyuki class, and the hull form is of the shelter deck style. Also, as the latter batch of the Hatsuyuki class, the upper structure is made of steel, but since it was incorporated into the design from the beginning, the adverse effect on the movement performance was solved.
The engine room was greatly renovated. Instead of the COGOG propulsion system of the Hatsuyuki class, this class has the COGAG propulsion system with four Kawasaki-Rolls-Royce Spey SM1A gas turbines. With these powerful engines, it was possible to run at by driving only two of the four engines, especially the benefits of tracking a submarine were great. And alternating arrangement was introduced to improve resistance and durability, as in the steam turbine driven destroyers.
Equipment
The earlier batch was equipped the OYQ-6 combat direction system (CDS). This system employed one AN/UYK-20 computer as the same as OYQ-5 tactical data processing system of the Hatsuyuki class, but with expanded memories, it can exchange tactical data via Link-11, which the OYQ-5 does not support. Later, all OYQ-6 systems were upgraded to the OYQ-7, integrated with OYQ-101 ASW Direction System. All ships of this class were later retrofitted with the terminal for the MOF system, the key operational C4I system of the JMSDF which uses the Superbird SHF-SATCOM.
The surface-search radars were replaced by OPS-28. The air-search radars were updated to OPS-14C in the earlier batch, and in the latter batch, OPS-24 3D radars were introduced. This was a maritime version of the land-based J/FPS-3 early-warning radar, and first shipboard active electronically scanned array radar in the world. In the latter batch, electronic warfare support measures systems were also replaced by NOLR-8, completely newly developed with emphasis on anti-ship missile defense.
Its weapon system is basically the same as the Hatsuyuki class except for the minor change on its FCS. However, a new SH-60J was installed as a shipboard helicopter, so a large capacity data link device was installed. The hangar is enlarged in order to accommodate two helicopters, but only one helicopter is used operationally.
Ships in the class
Yamagiri and Asagiri have been converted into training vessels.
References
Bibliography
External links
GlobalSecurity.org; JMSDF DD Asagiri Class
Destroyer classes |
23575987 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irondequoit%20Creek | Irondequoit Creek | Irondequoit Creek is a stream in eastern Monroe County, New York that feeds Irondequoit Bay. It begins in rural West Bloomfield in Ontario County, flowing north into the town of Mendon in Monroe County. Accumulating a few small tributaries, it twists eastward back into the Ontario County town of Victor, then back north into Monroe County, where it flows through the towns of Perinton and Penfield on its way to the bay. It also skirts the edge of the combined town and village of East Rochester.
The creek is believed to lie in a valley carved out by a pre-glacial Genesee River, which at the time would have flowed into Lake Ontario where Irondequoit Bay does today. Glacial debris caused the river to be rerouted as the glaciers retreated, leaving only the comparatively small creek (Rogers 1893).
The first settlements in the town of Penfield sprang up along the creek, as its waters were well suited to mills. The Daisy Flour Mill, previously a restaurant, was the last of over a dozen mills that once used the creek's waters.
The creek's valley caused a problem for the engineers of the original Erie Canal, who ultimately had to build the Great Embankment aqueduct to bridge the valley near Bushnell's Basin (Fairchild 1896:134, Farley 2010, Schoff:505).
The creek is stocked annually with fish by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation for year-round fishing.
References
Rivers of New York (state)
Rivers of Monroe County, New York
Rivers of Ontario County, New York |
6900887 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.%20Harold%20Zook | R. Harold Zook | Roscoe Harold Zook (21 May 1889 – 17 April 1949) was an American architect best known for his work in suburban Chicago, Illinois. He received a degree in architecture from the Armour Institute of Technology (now Illinois Institute of Technology, or IIT) in 1914. In 1916 Zook married his first wife, Mildred Barnard. They divorced in the late 1930s. They had one son, Harold Barnard Zook, who followed in his father's footsteps to become an architect in Corona del Mar, California. In the early 1940s, Zook married his second wife, Florence (Barkey) Nissen, whom he met through mutual friends (and clients). Zook died in April 1949, just short of his 60th birthday.
Early life and career
Roscoe Harold Zook was born in Valparaiso, Indiana on May 21, 1889, the sixth child of Florence and Dennis Coder Zook. His father was a builder, working as a master carpenter for the Pennsylvania Railroad in Fort Wayne. Zook's uncle, Jacob Steel Zook, was also a builder, most notably designing the Brumback Library in Van Wert, Ohio, now recognized as a Historic Place.
R. Harold Zook spent most of his childhood in Fort Wayne, attending the public schools and showing an early proficiency for art. He attended college at the Armour Institute of Technology. After graduating in 1914, Zook was named to the faculty and taught for four years. He also taught interior design at the Art Institute of Chicago and apprenticed under Howard Van Doren Shaw. In the 1910s, Zook served as President of the Architects Club of Chicago, and was a member of several local architectural clubs. In 1922, Zook made an unsuccessful entry in the Chicago Tribune design competition for their new Chicago building.
Zook built a home and studio in Hinsdale in 1924. In 1925, Zook partnered with William F. McCaughey, a fellow apprentice of Shaw, to start a new architectural firm, operating out of the Auditorium Building. Later, he opened a new office on the 17th floor of the Marquette Building. He designed thirty-four homes and buildings in Hinsdale from 1922 to 1953. Twenty-eight houses in the neighborhood are still occupied. He also worked in Iowa, Wisconsin and Virginia.
He is known for the "Cotswold style cottages" he designed which use details from Tudor architecture including timber framing, exposed beams, diamond-shaped window panes, and intricate brick or stonework. He developed a roofing technique that came to be known as the "Zook roof", with wood shingles laid out in an undulating pattern across the surface to recreate the appearance of a thatched roof. The roofers used "rolled eaves" at the edges of the roof to make a curved transition into the wall below. Zook designed ornamental ironwork for several of these houses using a trademark spider web pattern.
In partnership with architect William F. McCaughey, Zook designed the 1928 art deco style Pickwick Theatre in Park Ridge, Illinois. This was their only theater design, now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The theater features a tower and lantern, a unique marquee and one of the original installations of a Mighty Wurlitzer theater organ.
Buildings
1924 - Harold Zook Home & Studio - Hinsdale, Illinois
1928 - Jensen House (or W. W. Thompson Home), 325 East Eighth Street, Hinsdale, Du Page County, IL
1928 - Pickwick Theater - Park Ridge, Illinois
1934 - Burns Field Shelter
1940 - St. Charles Municipal Building - St. Charles, Illinois
1948 - Aichinger Residence, 371 Kent Road, Riverside, Illinois
1927 - Private Residence Oak Street Hinsdale 2015 Luxe Magazine photo tour and article HGTV Faces of Design Dramatic Transformation winner with before and after photos
References
External links
"Zook Houses" Photo gallery and list of all remaining Zook houses in the area of Hinsdale, Illinois.
"Selected Bibliography on R. Harold Zook" Hinsdale Public Library.
"R. Harold Zook Cottage" Slideshow showing the relocation of the Harold Zook Home and Studio.
Architects from Illinois
American theatre architects
Illinois Institute of Technology alumni
Hinsdale, Illinois
1889 births
1949 deaths
People from Valparaiso, Indiana |
6900894 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trochlea%20of%20superior%20oblique | Trochlea of superior oblique | The trochlea of superior oblique is a pulley-like structure in the eye. The tendon of the superior oblique muscle passes through it. Situated on the superior nasal aspect of the frontal bone, it is the only cartilage found in the normal orbit. The word trochlea comes from the Greek word for pulley.
Actions of the superior oblique muscle
In order to understand the actions of the superior oblique muscle, it is useful to imagine the eyeball as a sphere that is constrained – like the trackball of a computer mouse – in such a way that only certain rotational movements are possible. Allowable movements for the superior oblique are (1) rotation in a vertical plane – looking down and up (depression and elevation of the eyeball) and (2) rotation in the plane of the face (intorsion and extorsion of the eyeball).
The body of the superior oblique muscle is located behind the eyeball, but the tendon (which is redirected by the trochlea) approaches the eyeball from the front. The tendon attaches to the top (superior aspect) of the eyeball at an angle of 51 degrees with respect to the primary position of the eye (looking straight forward). The force of the tendon’s pull, therefore, has two components: a forward component that tends to pull the eyeball downward (depression), and a medial component that tends to rotate the top of the eyeball toward the nose (intorsion).
The relative strength of these two forces depends on which way the eye is looking. When the eye is adducted (looking toward the nose), the force of depression increases. When the eye is abducted (looking away from the nose), the force of intorsion increases, while the force of depression decreases. When the eye is in the primary position (looking straight ahead), contraction of the superior oblique produces depression and intorsion in roughly equal amounts.
To summarize, the actions of the superior oblique muscle are (1) depression of the eyeball, especially when the eye is adducted; and (2) intorsion of the eyeball, especially when the eye is abducted. The clinical consequences of weakness in the superior oblique (caused, for example, by fourth nerve palsies) are discussed below.
This summary of the superior oblique muscle describes its most important functions. However, it is an oversimplification of the actual situation. For example, the tendon of the superior oblique inserts behind the equator of the eyeball in the frontal plane, so contraction of the muscle also tends to abduct the eyeball (turn it outward). In fact, each of the six extraocular muscles exerts rotational forces in all three planes (elevation-depression, adduction-abduction, intorsion-extorsion) to varying degrees, depending on which way the eye is looking. The relative forces change every time the eyeball moves – every time the direction of gaze changes. The central control of this process, which involves the continuous, precise adjustment of forces on twelve different tendons in order to point both eyes in exactly the same direction, is truly remarkable.
The recent discovery of soft tissue pulleys in the orbit – similar to the trochlea, but anatomically more subtle and previously missed – has completely changed (and greatly simplified) our understanding of the actions of the extraocular muscles. Perhaps the most important finding is that a 2-dimensional representation of the visual field is sufficient for most purposes.
Additional images
See also
Human eye
Trochleitis
References
External links
Human eye anatomy |
6900909 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn%20Bijou | Citroën Bijou | The Citroën Bijou is a small coupé manufactured by Citroën at the premises they had occupied since 1925 in Slough, England. The Bijou was assembled from 1959 until 1964. It was based on the same platform chassis as the Citroën 2CV, sharing its advanced independent front to rear interconnected suspension. The car's appearance was thought to be more in line with the conservative taste of British consumers than the utilitarian 2CV.
The body was made of fibreglass, and the car featured the two-cylinder 425 cc 12 bhp engine also seen in the 2CV. Only 210 were produced, plus two prototypes. It incorporated some components from the DS, most noticeably the single-spoke steering wheel.
It was designed by Peter Kirwan-Taylor, known as the stylist of the elegant 1957 Lotus Elite, another fibreglass-bodied car. Bijou bodies were initially moulded by a company called "Whitson & Co", close to Citroën's Slough premises, but it later proved necessary to transfer this work to another supplier.
Disappointing sales levels for the UK's own Citroën seem to have been down to the Bijou's price, which at the time of the 1959 motor show was £674. At this time the British market was acutely price sensitive, and buyers could choose a Ford Popular with four seats and a much larger engine for £494.
The Bijou's more modern styling gave it a higher top speed and lower cruising fuel consumption than the equivalent 2CV; however, the greater weight of the bodywork had an adverse impact on the car's more general performance, especially its acceleration. The Bijou was considered expensive by the testers. It was also more expensive than the Austin Mini, but the Bijou was supposed to be more distinguished.
As of 2013, nearly 150 Bijous were on the 2CVGB club register, but fewer than 40 are still on the roads.
References
External links
Citroën Bijou at Citroenet
Citroën Bijou at Motorbase
Bijou
Bijou
Cars powered by boxer engines
Cars introduced in 1959
1960s cars |
6900911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elias%20David%20H%C3%A4usser | Elias David Häusser | Elias David Häusser (25 June 1687 – 16 March 1745) was a German-Danish architect working in the Baroque and Rococo styles. He is most known for designing the first Christiansborg Palace which was almost completely destroyed in a fire in 1794. Häusser is credited with introducing both those styles to Denmark.
Biography
Häusser was born in Erfurt, Preußen or Prussia.
His parents were David Häusser (1645-1709) and Johanna Maria Evander (1666-1741).
He spent some time at the court of the Duke of Saxony-Gotha and was educated as a military building master in Saxony-Poland. In 1711 he came into Danish military service. In the capacity of an officer in the engineering troops, he was in charge of several projects in Copenhagen, including the Central Guard on Kongens Nytorv and the Commander's House and prison at Kastellet.
In the early 1730s, King Christian VI commissioned him as master builder of a new grand castle, Christiansborg Palace, on the site of the old Copenhagen Castle, which had been torn down in 1731. He left the project in 1742, a few years before it was completed, to assume a position as Commander in Nyborg on the Danish island of Funen. He died in 1745at Nyborg.In 1741, Häusser became a commander in which position he was appointed to Major General in 1742.
Works
Copenhagen Stocks House, Copenhagen (1722, demolished in 1929)
Central Guardhouse on Kongens Nytorv, Copenhagen Denmark (1724, nedbrudt 1875)
Commander's House, Kastellet, Copenhagen, Denmark (1725)
Prison at Kastellet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Christiansborg Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark (1733–45, partly burnt 1794)
See also
Architecture of Denmark
References
Danish Baroque architects
German Baroque architects
1687 births
1745 deaths
Rococo architects |
6900934 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evacuation%20%28TV%20series%29 | Evacuation (TV series) | Evacuation is a British children's reality television series presented by Matt Baker which was broadcast on CBBC between September 2006 and February 2008 where six boys and six girls from across the United Kingdom experienced living as evacuees in World War II.
Format
The children lived exactly as wartime evacuees would have: they ate meals, attended school, wore clothes, were given haircuts, and were punished for misbehavior as was customary during the 1940s. In the first episode of both series, the children had to hand over all of their 21st century items (e.g. mobile phones), which were returned at the end of the series. They were also given gas masks and ID cards, which were carried at all times. The children engaged in traditional wartime activities, such as building air-raid shelters. When they were not being filmed, the adults continued to stay in character to maintain the illusion that the scenario was real.
Series one
The first series of Evacuation began transmission on CBBC on BBC One on 4 September 2006. The children were evacuated to the fictitious Castle Farm, where they experienced living as children who were evacuated to a traditional wartime farm.
Series two
The second series, known as Evacuation to the Manor House, began transmission on CBBC on BBC One on 17 January 2008. The children were evacuated to the fictitious Pradoe Hall, where they experienced living as children who were evacuated to a traditional 1940s manor house.
List of Children & Characters
Children, Series 1:
Luke Burton
Josh Opoku
Harry Cracknell
Richard Hall
Charlie McCutcheon
Felix Chancellor-Burton
Natalie Travers (appeared only in the first three episodes; left due to homesickness)
Laura Adegoke
Natalie Hancock
Tia Hatton
Joanna Lau
Chelsea Thompson
Characters, Series 1:
Mr. and Mrs. Rivett, who own the farm (were later referred to as 'Uncle Brian' and 'Aunty Sue' with increased familiarity)
Miss Young, the school teacher
Mr. Storey, the local ARP Warden
Mr. Patrick, an elderly gentleman who works for Mr. Rivett as a farmhand
Mr. Graham, the local air-raid shelter expert
Miss Victoria, a member of the Women's Land Army
Matthew, the ploughman
Private Pickard, a Home Guardsman
The local vicar, never named on-screen
Children, Series 2:
Nishith "Nish" Hegde
Sean Williams
Jack Smith
Samir "Sam" Sayah
Scott Dunstan
Daniel Rushton
Shaaron Somasanduram
Olivia Barry
Rachel Hardy
Mary Ellen Jones
Jade Hitchmough
Annabella Jacobs
Sade Philpotts (arrived later in the series; only appeared in the final four episodes)
Characters, Series 2:
Lord and Lady Olstead, who own the manor house
Miss Young, the school teacher
Mr. Henderson, the butler
Mrs. Dobinson, the housekeeper
Cook, never named on-screen
Mr. Goodall, the gamekeeper
Miss Victoria, the kitchen hand
Nurse Durkin
Colonel Fanthorpe, of the Home Guard
Mr. Lewis, the ARP Warden
Mr. Jackson, the Fire Warden
Mr. Pugh, the shepherd
Mr. Ward, the farmer
Sergeant Rae
Helen drs wife Wendy Richardson
lady debbie Debbie Hunter
Notes
To maintain the illusion that the characters were real people, the closing credits never named the actors who played the characters.
Evacuation is a reality television show, meaning that there is no continuity between the two series; therefore the fact that Miss Young appears to be teaching at both Castle Farm and Pradoe Hall is irrelevant.
Although it is a reality television show, all the 1940s characters in the series are portrayed by role-playing actors, who were always referred to by their character's name.
Episodes
List of Evacuation episodes
External links
2006 British television series debuts
2008 British television series endings
2000s British children's television series
BBC children's television shows
English-language television shows
British reality television series
British children's television series
Historical reality television series
Television series by Warner Bros. Television Studios |
6900945 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zrinjski%20Mostar | Zrinjski Mostar | Zrinjski Mostar is a sports association from the city of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was formed in 1905.
Member clubs
Football:
HŠK Zrinjski Mostar
Basketball:
HKK Zrinjski Mostar (men's)
ŽKK Zrinjski Mostar (women's)
Handball:
HMRK Zrinjski Mostar (men's)
HŽRK Zrinjski Mostar (women's)
Futsal:
HFC Zrinjski Mostar
Boxing:
HBK Zrinjski Mostar
Athletics:
HAK Zrinjski Mostar
Swimming:
APK Zrinjski Mostar
External links
Sports teams in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sport in Mostar
Multi-sport clubs in Bosnia and Herzegovina |
44498997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos%20Simon%20%28gynaecologist%29 | Carlos Simon (gynaecologist) | Carlos Simon (Buñol, province of Valencia, 1961) is a Spanish clinical researcher, gynaecologist and obstetrician.
He was born in Buñol (Valencia). He is married and father of four children. His vocation was to become a doctor.
He became Scientific Director of Igenomix S.L. since the company was created in 2009.
He became Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of Valencia (UV) in 2007, Associate Clinic Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Stanford University in 2013 and Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas in 2014.
Career
He took a degree in Medicine and Surgery at the Valencia University (UV) in 1985 obtaining the qualification of Distinction Cum Laude and Extraordinary Degree Award. He obtained a Predoctoral Scholarship Holder at the Regional Ministry of Education, Regional Government of Valencia. Doctor in Medicine and Surgery at the Valencia University (UV) with Distinction Cum Laude in 1986.
He gained the speciality of Obstetrics and Gynaecology After approving the examination MIR in 1987 with number 116, and did his medical residency at the Obstetrics and Gynaecologist Department at the Clinic Hospital University of Valencia between 1987 and 1990, under the leadership of Professor Fernando Bonilla. He was Associate Doctor at this same department until September 1991.
In order to train as a researcher, he left his clinical place and got a Postdoctoral fellowship by the Ministry of Education and Science, General Foreign Subprogram, to do his training research in Reproductive Endocrinology in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department at the Stanford University, California (United States) since 1991 until 1994.
After completing his clinical and research training and for the past 20 years he has focussed his career in the applied reproductive medical research and regenerative medicine.
In 2004, due to his groundbreaking work in Spain about stem cells, he was named Director of the Valencia Nodo of the National Stem Cell Bank placed in the Principe Felipe Research Centre, he was also named coordinator of the regenerative medicine area until 2007 and scientific director of the same centre since 2009 until 2011.
He has been a Visiting Professor at the Universities of Stanford (USA), Yale (USA), Hong Kong (China) and Adelaide (Australia).
In 2011 Carlos Simón was honoured with the King Jaime I Prize of medical research thanks to a pioneering study about the endometrial receptivity alterations in human (ERA), one of the most important causes of infertility in the world.
He is a Corresponding Academician of the “Royal Academy of Medicine; Valencia", a member of “The Strategic Advisory Board of the Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Belgium)”, counselor scientific advisor of “Ovascience (Boston)” and “The Advisory Board”.
He has a long-standing career as a Professor which goes from the College of Medicine at the University of Valencia to the Stanford University where he has worked as a tenured lecturer, Associate Professor and as a director and professor of national and international masters and post degree courses.
Honors and awards
National
International
Scientific production
Since 1991 he has contributed with his pioneering works to the research and clinical solution of the problems that produce infertility which is suffered by the 10% of the couples in reproductive age in the world. He has worked on the clinical demonstration and molecular mechanisms which control the deleterious effect of the high levels of oestradiol hormone changing the regular clinical practice and initiating the concept of “mild stimulation”. By employing the technique of microarrays he identified the transcriptomic sequences of the genes involved in the human endometrial receptivity, by publishing his discoveries in 20 papers as the first or last author, the former is the most quoted in the scientific journal Molecular Human Reproduction. The clinical translation of his results has led in a patent about the creation of a customized array named endometrial receptivity array (ERA) for the molecular diagnosis of the endometrial receptivity in infertile patients (Díaz-Gimeno P, et al. Fertil Steril. 2011). All the same, he has created a data base bank with free access about the endometrial receptivity managed by the University of Valencia. Finally thanks to the funding of an excellence project PROMETEO to research the origin of the endometrial stem cells in human, he has been the first scientific in discovering that the endometrial stem cells isolated are able to reconstruct the human endometrium.
Since 2001 his works in human embryology have allowed him to expand his research in the field of pluripotencial cells, resulting in the derivation, characterization, publication and registration in the National Bank of Stem Cells Lines. He was the pioneer of the diverting of the first human embryonic stem cell lines in Spain (Simon C et al., Fertil Steril 2005). He has participated with the lines VAL showing the lack of genetic diversity of the stem cells most often used in the world (Mosher JT et al. N Engl J Med 2009).
His works have been funded as a Main Researcher in 18 competitive projects conceded by governmental institutions at the national level (FISS, SAF...), 4 financed by the Valencian Ministry of Education including 2 PROMETEO (Project granted to prestigious scientists), 1 by the Basque Ministry of Industry and 16 projects of public bodies, international companies and American universities.
He has organized 14 international conferences and 1 national conference in Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine. He is a Scientists Consulter at the World Health Organization as a membership of the Human Reproduction Programme Scientific and Ethical Review Group since 1998 y Spanish representative at the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR).
The scientific impact of his work is reflected in the publication of 408 articles published in international journals which bring an accumulated impact factor of 1.667,545. His works have received a total of 14.816 quotations with an average of 36 quotations per article. His H index is 68 and he has edited 15 books published in English, Spanish and Portuguese and 20 monographic notebooks, being one of the most prolific Spanish scientists. He has been Director of 33 doctoral thesis all of them with "Summa Cum Laude" qualification, including 5 excellence doctoral prizes and 4 European PhD. As an inventor, his research has resulted in 13 patents, bringing him to create the biotechnology company Igenomix SL. which currently has laboratories in Valencia, Sao Paulo, Delhi, Los Angeles, Miami, Dubai, New York City, Mexico DF, Montreal and Istanbul.
He has been a speaker guest in 474 conferences in national and international congresses.
All this has contributed Dr. Carlos Simón to become a prominent national and international figure in the assisted reproduction field.
Edited books
Simón C, Pellicer A, editors. Regulators of human implantation. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 1995.
Remohí J, Simón C, Pellicer A, Bonilla-Musoles F, editors. Reproducción humana. Madrid (ESP): McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 1996.
Rodríguez L, Bonilla F, Pellicer A, Simón C, Remohí J, editors. Manual práctico de reproducaó humana. Rio de Janeiro (BRA): Livraria e Editora RevinterLtda; 1998.
Pellicer A, Simón C, Bonilla-Musoles F, Remohí J, editors. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Pathophysiology, prevention and treatment. Rome (ITA): SeronoFertility Series; 1999.
Simón C, Pellicer A, Remohí J, editors. Emerging concepts on human implantation. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 1999.
Remohí J, Romero J.L, Pellicer A, Simón C, Navarro J, editors. Manual práctico de esterilidad y reproducción humana. Madrid (ESP): McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2000.
Simón C, Pellicer A, Doberska C, editors. Human implantation: recent advances and clinical aspects. Cambridge (UK): The Journal of Reproduction and Fertility Ltd; 2000.
Simón C, Pellicer A, editors. Proceedings of de 2nd international workshop on human implantation recent advances and clinical aspects. Elsevier; 2001.
Remohí J, Pellicer A, Simón C, Navarro J, editors. Reproducción humana. 2nd ed. Madrid (ESP): McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2002.
Scheffer BB, Remohí J, García-Velasco JA, Pellicer A, Simón C, editors. Reprodução humana asistida. São Paulo (BRA): Atheneu; 2003.
Remohí J, Cobo A, Romero JL, Pellicer A, Simón C, editors. Manual práctico de esterilidad y reproducción humana. 2nd ed. Madrid (ESP): Mc Graw-Hill. Interamericana; 2004.
Simón C, Pellicer A, editors. Stem cells in human reproduction, basic science and therapeutic potential. London (UK):InformaHealthcare; 2007.
Simón C, Horcajadas JA, García-Velasco JA, Pellicer A, editors. El endometrio humano. Desde la investigación a la clínica. Buenos Aires (ARG); Madrid (ESP): Médica Panamericana; 2009.
Simón C, Pellicer A, editors. Stem cells in human reproduction, basic science and therapeutic potential. 2nd ed. London (UK):InformaHealthcare; 2009.
Simón C, Pellicer A, Reijo-Pera R, editors. Stem Cells in Reproductive Medicine, Basic Science and Therapeutic Potential. 3rd ed. London (UK): Cambridge University Press; 2013.
References
Endometrial data base
Labtimes
Valencia University
GFI
GFI
Specialists IVI
Researchgate
Linkedin
Carlos Simon Web
External links
Ivigen
Iviomics India
Igenomix Brasil
Igenomix
IVI
Stanford
1961 births
Living people
20th-century Spanish physicians
21st-century Spanish physicians
Spanish gynaecologists
Spanish obstetricians
Stanford University School of Medicine faculty
University of Valencia faculty |
6900956 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Du%C5%A1an%20Kerkez | Dušan Kerkez | Dušan Kerkez (Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Керкез; born 1 May 1976) is a Bosnian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He is the current professional football manager
for Serbian SuperLiga club Čukarički.
Club career
In the 2001–02 season, Kerkez played regularly for Radnički Obrenovac and helped the club earn promotion to the First League of FR Yugoslavia for the first time in history. He then moved to Bosnia and Herzegovina and joined Leotar in the summer of 2002, helping them win the national championship in their debut appearance in the top flight.
After two years at Leotar, Kerkez switched to fellow Bosnian side Zrinjski Mostar in the summer of 2004, celebrating his second league title in his only season at the club. He subsequently moved to Croatia and signed with Rijeka, winning the national cup in his first year.
In the summer of 2007, Kerkez was transferred to Cypriot side AEL Limassol. He spent four seasons with the club, before switching to cross-town rivals Aris Limassol in the summer of 2011.
International career
Kerkez received his first call-up to the Bosnia and Herzegovina squad by manager Blaž Slišković and made his debut for them in a February 2004 friendly match away against Macedonia. He has earned a total of 4 caps, scoring no goals. He also played in an unofficial game against Iran in 2005. His final international was a September 2006 European Championship qualification against Hungary.
Personal life
Kerkez's son Strahinja Kerkez is also a professional footballer, and is a youth international for Cyprus.
Managerial statistics
As of 17 September 2022
Honours
Player
Leotar
Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina: 2002–03
Zrinjski Mostar
Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina: 2004–05
Rijeka
Croatian Cup: 2005–06
Manager
AEL Limassol
Cypriot Cup: 2018–19
References
External links
1976 births
Living people
Footballers from Belgrade
Association football midfielders
Bosnia and Herzegovina footballers
Bosnia and Herzegovina international footballers
FK Voždovac players
FK Radnički Obrenovac players
FK Leotar players
HŠK Zrinjski Mostar players
HNK Rijeka players
AEL Limassol players
Aris Limassol FC players
Second League of Serbia and Montenegro players
Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina players
Croatian Football League players
Cypriot First Division players
Cypriot Second Division players
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Serbia and Montenegro
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Serbia and Montenegro
Expatriate footballers in Croatia
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Croatia
Expatriate footballers in Cyprus
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Bosnia and Herzegovina football managers
AEL Limassol managers
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Cyprus |
6900967 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War%20in%20Wonderland | War in Wonderland | War In Wonderland is an album released in 2006 by an Estonian industrial metal band No-Big-Silence.
It consists of songs recorded from 2002 to 2006. It did well on release.
"Robot Super Lover Boy", "War In Wonderland" and more recently "The Outer Suns" were released as singles from the album.
The entire album can be played on the band's website.
Track listing
"Gore Gore Girls" – 3:37
"She's Got Hyper Power" – 4:08
"Dreamriders" – 4:19
"Diabolic Speed" – 3:13
"Robot Super Lover Boy" – 3:33
"The Outer Suns" – 4:09
"Red Sky" – 4:25
"War In Wonderland" – 4:05
"Psycho Creeping" – 3:43
"My Tears Are Fire" – 5:33
Personnel
Vocals - Cram
Bass, backing vocals, guitar - Willem
Guitar, keyboards, programming and bass - Kristo K
Drums - Kristo R
Editing, mixing - Kristo Kotkas
Producing - No-Big-Silence
Mastering - Tom Baker
Additional vocals and voices - Kaire Vilgats, Hele Kõre, Evelin Pang, Kristiina and Kalev
Artwork - Harijis Brants
Layout - Harijis Brants and Jensen
2006 albums
No-Big-Silence albums |
23575988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Honda%20Indy%20Toronto | 2009 Honda Indy Toronto | The 2009 Honda Indy Toronto was the tenth round of the 2009 IndyCar Series season and took place on July 12, 2009 at the Exhibition Place temporary street circuit in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dario Franchitti won the race, to join Chip Ganassi Racing teammate Scott Dixon as the only three-time winners in the 2009 season. Franchitti also regained the points lead from Dixon, leading the championship by two points as the championship heads to Edmonton. Ryan Briscoe finished second for the fifth time in the last six races, with Penske Racing teammate Will Power third on his return to the series.
The 2009 race was a resumption of the Toronto Grand Prix after a one-year hiatus due to the unification of the Champ Car World Series into IndyCar during the 2008 season, during which a Toronto Grand Prix was not held due to scheduling conflicts.
Grid
Race
Standings after the race
Drivers' Championship standings
References
Honda Indy Toronto
Indy Toronto
Honda Indy Toronto
Honda Indy Toronto
Honda Indy Toronto |
17330576 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1534%20N%C3%A4si | 1534 Näsi | 1534 Näsi, provisional designation , is a carbonaceous asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers in diameter.
It was discovered on 20 January 1939, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland, and later named for the Finnish lake Näsijärvi.
Orbit and classification
Näsi orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.0–3.4 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,646 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.25 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic. It was first identified as at Simeiz Observatory in 1915. The body's observation arc begins 15 years prior to its official discovery with its identification as at Heidelberg Observatory.
Physical characteristics
Lightcurve observations
In April 2007, the so-far best rated rotational lightcurve of Näsi was obtained by Jason Sauppe at Oakley Observatory in the United States. The lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 7.94 hours with a brightness variation of 0.35 magnitude ().
Periods from other photometric observations were obtained by astronomers René Roy in May 2016 (5.98 hours, Δ0.47 mag, ), Giovanni de Sanctis in the 1990s (9.75 hours, Δ0.22 mag, ), Adrián Galád in October 2005 (7.9338 hours, Δ0.51 mag, ), and a period of 7.93161 hours modeled from various data sources and published in 2016 ().
Spectral type, diameter and albedo
In the SMASS taxonomy, the carbonaceous C-type asteroid is also classified as a Cgh-subtype. According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Näsi measures between 18.32 and 27.52 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.035 and 0.100. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0721 and a diameter of 22.11 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.75.
Naming
This minor planet is named for the large Finnish lake Näsijärvi, sometimes called "Näsi". It measures 256 square kilometers (99 sq mi) in size and is located only 95 metres above sea level. The official was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 ().
References
External links
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
001534
Discoveries by Yrjö Väisälä
Minor planets named for places
Named minor planets
001534
19390120 |
6900978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20Serrano%20%28flamenco%29 | Juan Serrano (flamenco) | Dr. Juan Serrano Rodríguez is spanish guitarist of flamenco who has played concerts and made recordings throughout the world. He has devoted much of his life to giving concerts and teaching flamenco guitar around the world.
Serrano was born in Córdoba, Spain in 1934 At the age of 9, he studied guitar with his father, Antonio el del Lunar, a professional guitarist. Serrano made his professional debut at age 13, and soon earned a reputation throughout Spain and Europe as a gifted musician. He performed and recorded with flamenco musical, dance, and theatrical companies. At this time Serrano also started his solo career. His home town of Córdoba was so proud of his accomplishments that they replaced the bell in the town clock with recordings of his guitar playing.
In 1961 Serrano accepted an invitation to come to America and perform on The Ed Sullivan Show. The success of this performance led to numerous solo flamenco guitar concerts and more TV appearances, then a recording contract with Elektra Records, who released his US debut album "Ole, la mano!" in 1962. The New York Times said Serrano had "ten dexterous fingers that often sound like twenty... a breathtaking technician who can wring rhythmic dance fury out of fandangos and zapateados. He is a lyric sentamentalist, who can make the strings cry." Serrano made the US his home, where he achieved renown as an instructor. In Feb. 1968 he was the featured cover-photo artist for Guitar Player magazine.
Along with others such as Sabicas and Mario Escudero, Serrano's virtuosity helped establish solo flamenco guitar as a viable concert instrument beyond the borders of Spain.
He developed the guitar program at California State University, Fresno and headed the guitar department until his retirement. In addition to his teaching duties, Serrano is much sought after as a performer, for master classes and as a guest lecturer on the history of Flamenco. Serrano is the only flamenco guitarist in the world with a doctorate in humane letters and a tenured faculty position at a major university.
Córdoba also awarded Serrano the "Potro de Oro". This prestigious honor is awarded once every ten years; Serrano and Paco Peña are the only guitarists ever to be so honored. Serrano received the Page One Ball from the Newspaper Guild of New York for his outstanding performances. He was also awarded the Medalla de Oro from the Spanish Academy of Fine Arts, the Catedra de Flamencologia from Jerez, Spain, and an Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from Fairfield University in Fairfield, Connecticut. The city of Fresno has bestowed on Serrano the "Fabulous Fresnan" and "Horizon" awards.
Juan Serrano currently lives in Longwood, Florida
Authored several guitar instruction books for Mel Bay Publications, including:
Flamenco Guitar: Basic Techniques (1994)
Juan Serrano, Flamenco Concert Selections (1994)
Guitar Solos (1994)
Sabor Flamenco (1995)
Systematic Studies for Flamenco Guitar: A Falsetas Anthology and videos Flamenco Guitar (1995)
Juan Serrano - Flamenco Guitar Basic Techniques (1996)
Juan Serrano - King of the Flamenco Guitar (1997)
Flamenco Tradition, Part 1 (1997)
Juan Serrano - Flamenco Guitar Solos (2000)
Juan Serrano - Flamenco Concert Selections (2000)
Systematic Studies for Flamenco Guitar (2002)
Juan Serrano: The Flamenco Tradition (2003)
Juan Serrano Flamenco Guitar (2003)
Flamenco Guitar Wall Chart (2003)
Juan Serrano, The Art of Accompanying Flamenco Dance (2007)
Flamenco Classical Guitar Tradition, Volume 1
A Technical Guitar Method and Introduction to Music (2009)
Awarded the Medalla de Oro from the Spanish Academy of Fine Arts, the Catedra de Flamencologia from Jerez de la Frontera, Spain.
Recordings
Ole, La Mano! (1962)
Flamenco Fenómeno (1963)
Live at The Worlds Fair (1964)
Bravo, Serrano! (1964)
Popular music of Spain and the Old World (1965)
Cante Hondo
Fiesta Flamenca (1965)
Sabor Flamenco (1991)
Two tracks from this recording ("Entre Olas" and "Gorrión") are featured in the soundtrack for the 2008 Woody Allen film Vicky Cristina Barcelona.
Masters of Flamenco, Volumes 1-5 (1994)
The Art of the Flamenco Guitar
Flamenco Festival (1994)
Grandes Guitarras (1995)
Flamenco Guitar (1995)
References
Spanish flamenco guitarists
Spanish male guitarists
Living people
1935 births
People from Córdoba, Spain
Spanish emigrants to the United States
California State University, Fresno faculty
Flamenco guitarists
Guitarists from California
20th-century American guitarists
20th-century American male musicians
American male guitarists |
17330578 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipiwai | Pipiwai | Pipiwai or Pīpīwai is a locality in the Te Horo valley in Northland, New Zealand. Whangarei is about 35 km to the southeast. Titoki is about 16 km to the south.
There are few jobs in the area, and most adults commute to Whangarei or Dargaville.
Marae
The local Tau Henare Marae and meeting house are a traditional meeting ground for the Ngāpuhi hapū of Te Orewai and Ngāti Hine. The Omauri marae grounds, located near Pipiwai, are a meeting place for the Ngāpuhi hapū of Ngā Uri o Puhatahi.
Education
Te Horo School is a coeducational full primary (years 1–8) school with a decile rating of 2 and a roll of 38.
Tau Henare Marae runs a kohanga reo.
Notable people
Taurekareka Henare, Reform Party politician
Notes
Whangarei District
Populated places in the Northland Region |
20468449 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%20Lipton%20Championships%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20singles | 1998 Lipton Championships – Men's singles | Marcelo Ríos defeated Andre Agassi in the final, 7–5, 6–3, 6–4 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1998 Miami Open. With the win, he completed the Sunshine Double.
Thomas Muster was the reigning champion, but did not participate this year.
Seeds
All thirty-two seeds received a bye to the second round.
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Bottom half
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
External links
Main draw
Men's Singles |
17330598 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will%20Atkinson%20%28musician%29 | Will Atkinson (musician) | Will Atkinson (31 January 1908 – 30 July 2003) was a noted traditional musician from northern Northumberland. He started off as a player of the English diatonic accordion, but was best known as a harmonica or moothie player. His playing was distinguished by a very clear sense of rhythm, with a definite lilt. He was a major figure in Northumbrian music. He was also the composer of several tunes that have entered the tradition and are played at gatherings and sessions.
Biography
Atkinson was born in Crookham, Northumberland in 1908. He worked as a shepherd and as a rabbit-catcher until his retirement, also working at times maintaining road signs.
From his youth, until the end of his long life, he was very active and influential in traditional music circles, on both sides of the Border. He had twin sons, of whom George, who died in 1987 aged 53, was also a musician, a noted Northumbrian piper. Will died on 30 July 2003.
Musical life
He came from a musical family - his maternal uncle Geordie Armstrong was, according to Will's cousin Willy Taylor, 'the best fiddler around'. After Will's father was killed in France in 1916, Will and his mother lived with Armstrong, her brother. The musical tradition continued in the family - Will's son George, who died before him, was widely respected as a player of the Northumbrian smallpipes.
In the 1930s he began playing melodeon for dances with Geordie Armstrong and Joe Davidson playing fiddles.
He was a founder member of the Alnwick Branch of the Northumbrian Pipers' Society in the 1930s; the Alnwick branch later became the Alnwick Pipers' Society, and Will was its president for many years.
Later he formed a band The Northumbrian Minstrels with Jack Armstrong playing fiddle and smallpipes, Jack Thompson on fiddle, Bob Clark on drums and Peggy Clark on piano. This group made some broadcasts for the BBC, including one from Alnwick in 1942 - a press cutting relating to this is at Woodhorn Museum website, where he is shown with a melodeon. They made some recordings at Powburn in 1944 - since rereleased in a compilation by Saydisc SDL 252, together with the piping of Jack Armstrong. These Powburn recordings, together with later recordings, are also available on the FARNE archive.
In the 1950s, Atkinson played with other musicians near Alnwick forming The Cheviot Ranters, a noted dance band in northern Northumberland, but left the group some time later. He also bought a good mouth organ at this time, intending it to be for his son, but liked it so much he kept it himself. He also refined his mouth organ technique after hearing Larry Adler's playing, and mostly played mouth organ subsequently. In 1974 he was one of the artists recorded by Topic, playing mouth organ, on Bonny North Tyne - Northumbrian Country Music. In later life, he recorded many times, chiefly with producer Geoff Heslop. The first release, with his friends Joe Hutton (piper) and Willy Taylor, collectively known as The Shepherds, was Harthope Burn, next came a compilation of Northumbrian Music and Poetry, From Sewingshields to Glendale (with Kathryn Tickell, Alistair Anderson, Mike Tickell, Hutton and Atkinson, etc.) and in 1989 Heslop and Alistair Anderson recorded him in a solo album called simply Will Atkinson - Mouthorgan. This included tunes from various sources, including five of his own compositions. Several recordings of him playing at folk clubs are available on the FARNE archive. When compiling the multi-album anthology The Voice of the People, Reg Hall selected several recordings of Will, which appeared on the record Ranting and Reeling - these included some of the recordings made for Bonny North Tyne, as well as later recordings made with The Shepherds.
Partial list of compositions
Sharon Davis USA (jig)
Alistair Anderson's Favourite (reel)
The Early Morning Reel
Kyloe Burn (reel)
Pippa Sandford (jig)
The Glen Aln Hornpipe
Anthony Robb (hornpipe)
The Redeside Hornpipe
93 Not Out (jig)
The Inspiration Waltz (waltz)
Recordings
Jack Armstrong -Celebrated Minstrel Saydisc SDL 252 (1944)
Bonny North Tyne - Northumbrian Country Music, Topic 12TS245 (1974)
Harthope Burn MWM Records 1024 (1983)
From Sewingshields to Glendale MWM Records MWM 1033 (1986)
Will Atkinson - Mouthorgan Common Ground CGRCD002 (1989)
References
Tony Wilson's biographical notes in Bonny North Tyne.
Will Atkinson's obituary
Reg Hall's notes to Ranting and Reeling.
FARNE archive
Interview with Willy Taylor and Will Atkinson on FARNE
External links
http://www.folknortheast.com/radio-farne/radio-farne/programme-eight
http://www.folknortheast.com/radio-farne/radio-farne/programme-three
English folk musicians
1908 births
2003 deaths |
44499000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne%20Mandall%20Johnson | Anne Mandall Johnson | Dame Anne Mandall Johnson DBE FMedSci (born 30 January 1954) is a British epidemiologist, known for her work in public health, especially the areas of HIV, sexually transmitted infections and infectious diseases.<ref>{{YouTube|id=x6j7D6YkrH0|title=The current challenges of HIV/AIDS by Anne Johnson (2013)}} "The first thing is that everyone isn't on treatment, and that's the major challenge globally"</ref>
Education
Johnson's family were involved in medicine. She chose to study at the University of Cambridge and received a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Medical Sciences, Tripos Part I in 1974, intercalating a year studying social and political sciences during this degree. After graduating, uncertain whether to continue with medicine, she took a gap year in South America that gave her direction for her career. She spent most of her time in Caracas, Venezuela but also with Yanomami people who lived along the Orinoco river. This made her understand the importance to people's health of their environment and socioeconomic status. In 1978, she completed her clinical training at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne and received her Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) in Clinical Medicine. In 1979, she received a Master of Arts from the University of Cambridge.
Her initial post as a GP was in a deprived community in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. To support her increasing interest in the broader determinants of people's health, especially preventive measures to avoid the need for clinical treatments, she then undertook specialist training in epidemiology, earning a Master of Science (MSc) in Public Health and Epidemiology from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in 1984. This subject, essential to public health, had not been included in her medical training. It led her into the area of public and economic policy and politics later in her career.
Career
Johnson is Professor of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Chair of the Grand Challenge for Global Health at University College London. She was formerly Director of the University's Division of Population Health. She was Chair of the Medical Research Council Population Health Sciences Group until 2010. She is a National Institute for Health Research Senior Investigator.
In her clinical research career she has focused on epidemiology and prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted infections. This was initiated in the mid 1980s through a chance opportunity to take a research post at Middlesex Hospital into the early epidemiology of HIV at a time when the topic attracted considerable stigma and sexual health was a new concept. One of her first epidemiological studies was into whether HIV could be transmitted between heterosexual couples. Johnson was also involved in the design of the first purpose-built ward for patients with AIDS that was opened in 1987 by Diana, Princess of Wales. Her work includes sexual lifestyle studies, international HIV cohort studies, and behavioural intervention studies. She has led randomised control trials of behavioural interventions to promote sexual health. Aside from HIV/AIDS research, she also researches epidemiological and immunological determinants of seasonal and pandemic influenza transmission.
She was principal investigator in the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (NATSAL), which has run in 1990, 2000, and 2010. Along with several colleagues including Kaye Wellings, Johnson initiated this large sample survey despite some scepticism and opposition. Her work on the national survey of sexual attitudes and lifestyles not only maps the extent of the HIV epidemic but also tracks changes in behaviour over time in the whole UK population. It was financed by the Wellcome Trust charity when government funding was refused at prime ministerial level.
The NATSAL-III study had a broader emphasis on sexuality in the context of health and well-being, and tracked four other sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, gonorrhea, HPV, and Mycobacterium genitalium in addition to HIV. As well as within public health, information from the surveys has informed government policy in areas such as contraception, age of consent and HPV vaccination.
In 2006, Johnson, along with Andrew Hayward, was one of the founders of Flu Watch, designed to understand effects and transmission of influenza in the general community, rather than only among hospital patients. Participant households were invited to join after being selected at random from the lists of volunteer general practitioners around England. The study also collected blood samples to study immunology related to influenza.
In July 2020, Johnson and other public health scientists affiliated with the Academy of Medical Sciences co-authored a report Preparing for a Challenging Winter 2020/2021'' commissioned by the UK Government Office for Science. This indicated that the UK was not well prepared for a second wave of COVID-19 and proposed what should be done.
She was one of the presenters to the House of Lords Select Committee on Intergovernmental Organisations. In November 2010, she was appointed to the Board of Governors of the Wellcome Trust. In 2017 she was elected vice president international of the Academy of Medical Sciences and in December 2020 was elected President of the Academy of Medical Sciences.
Awards and honors
Among other awards, she was appointed, in 2013, a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire, as a result of which she is properly styled "Professor Dame Anne Johnson, DBE".
DBE: Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire, as of the 2013 Queen's Birthday Honours List
FMedSci: Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences elected in 2001
FRCP: Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
FFPH: Fellow of the Faculty of Public Health
FRCGP: Fellow of the Royal College of General Practitioners
References
External links
1954 births
British public health doctors
Alumni of Newnham College, Cambridge
British women scientists
Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of Newcastle University
Alumni of the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
Fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom)
Fellows of the Royal College of General Practitioners
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Wellcome Trust
NIHR Senior Investigators |
6900992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertsite | Robertsite | Robertsite, Ca3(Mn3+)4[(OH)3| (PO4)2]2·3(H2O) (alternatively formulated Ca2(Mn3(PO4)3O2)(H2O)3), is a secondary phosphate mineral named for Willard Lincoln Roberts (1923–1987), mineralogist and professor at South Dakota School of Mines in Rapid City, South Dakota.
The type locality for Robertsite is the Tip Top mine, Custer County, South Dakota, US. Robertsite occurs at the Tip Top Mine as minute crystal aggregates and crusts found on quartz associated with triphylite. It is a dark reddish brown to black monoclinic mineral.
It occurs as a secondary mineral in pegmatite. It is also reported from the Khoa Rang Kai phosphate deposit, Chiang Mai, Thailand in a limestone guano deposit. It is associated with rockbridgeite, ferrisicklerite, leucophosphite, jahnsite, montgomeryite, collinsite and hureaulite in the type locality. In the guano deposit it occurs with carbonate-fluorapatite, calcite, dolomite, quartz and clay minerals. In the Omo Valley of Ethiopia it occurs with mitridatite associated with fossil fish in Pliocene/Pleistocene lake sediments.
Recently, in an exploration conducted by the Italian La Venta Geographical Association, confirmed the existence of Robertsite in the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of the city center of Puerto Princesa, Palawan, Philippines.
Mitridatite group:
Arseniosiderite-mitridatite series:
Ca2(Fe3+)3[(O)2|(AsO4)3]·3H2O
to
Ca2(Fe3+)3[(O)2|(PO4)3]·3H2O
Arseniosiderite-robertsite series:
Ca2(Fe3+)3[(O)2|(AsO4)3]·3H2O
to
Ca3(Mn3+)4[(OH)3|(PO4)2]2·3H2O
References
Andrade, M. B., Morrison, S. M., Di Domizio, A. J., Feinglos, M. N., & Downs, R. T. (2012). Robertsite, Ca2MnIII3O2 (PO4) 3.3 H2O. Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online, 68(10), i74-i75.doi:10.1107/S160053681203735X
Phosphate minerals
Manganese(III) minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 15 |
44499001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Oliver%20%28doctor%29 | David Oliver (doctor) | David Oliver is a British physician specialising in the geriatric medicine and acute general internal medicine. He was President of the British Geriatrics Society from 2014 to 2016. He is Visiting Professor of Medicine for Older People in the School of Community and Health Sciences at City University London and a King's Fund Senior Visiting Fellow. He was formerly the UK Department of Health National Clinical Director for Older People's Services from 2009 to 2013. He is a researcher, writer, teacher and lecturer on services for older people and a regular blogger, columnist and media commentator. He was elected as Clinical Vice President of the Royal College of Physicians, London. In April 2022 he was elected as president of the Royal College of Physicians but withdrew in July 2022 after he had contracted Covid 19 and "no longer felt able to do it justice".
Early life and postgraduate clinical training
He attended a state primary school, Northern Moor and Northenden in Manchester. He then attended Manchester Grammar School before studying medicine at The Queen's College, Oxford and Trinity Hall, Cambridge.
Senior clinical role
He gained his Certificate of Completion of Specialist Training in (General Internal and Geriatric Medicine) London in 1998. He initially worked in South London then from 2004 he held a General Internal Medicine position in Reading, now part of the Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust,
Academic and research activities
Oliver began his research career whilst a registrar at St Thomas' Hospital in London. He gained his research doctorate from the University of London in 2001. He was a Senior Lecturer in the School of Health and Social care at the University of Reading from 2004 to 2009 alongside his consultant contract at the Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust. He has been involved with City University London. He is a visiting professor at the University of Surrey.
National leadership and advisory roles
Alongside his clinical work Oliver was on secondment to the Department of Health from 2009 to 2013, first as specialist clinical advisor leading the national programme of work on Falls and Bone Health and then as National Clinical Director for Older Peoples Services. In his government role he developed national policies around the care of older people, advised Ministers and officials and provided assistance to other clinicians with their own local services. He stood down to take on his role as BGS President-Elect, when National Clinical Director roles moved from the Department of Health to NHS England.
He became President of the British Geriatrics Society, in November 2014, having been appointed for a 2-year period.
Opinions, media and commentary
Since July 2015 he has written a weekly freelance column for The BMJ called "Acute Perspective". Oliver has written blogs for the King's Fund, The BMJ website, the British Geriatrics Society and guest blogs for other sites such as the Nuffield Trust. He writes regular opinion pieces for the Health Service Journal and BMJ and others in the national and professional press. He regularly comments on services for older people in print and broadcast media. He has appeared on BBC 1 (The Big Questions, News); BBC News Channel, BBC Radio 4 and 5 and BBC World Service, on Sky News and on numerous local radio stations. He has been quoted in The Independent, The Times, The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph, Daily Mirror and Daily Mail. He was written for several other outlets in professional and general press.
He is a senior visiting fellow at the King's Fund. In 2014, he was the lead author of the keynote Kings Fund Paper "Making Health and Care Systems fit for an Ageing Population". He was also one of the commissioners for the Health Service Journal "Commission on Hospital Care for Frail Older People". He has campaigned on discrimination against older people in the British National Health Service, against the attitude being that the person is old and there is nothing that can be done about it. He challenges plans for large reductions in older people in acute hospitals, saying it is "absolute la la land to think we’re going to be in a situation any time soon where older people don’t still keep piling through the doors of general hospitals." He has also written about the need to focus more on healthy ageing, to make health and care professionals better trained in the care of older people. He has criticised the large NHS spend on management consultancy and pushed the case for NHS staff to learn more from other organisations within the NHS, criticised the idea that more aggressive regulation and inspection and "accountability" can bring about quality improvement in services and attacked contestible but prevalent "groupthink" and oft repeated "factoids" from the health policy "commentariat" and made the case for improving the care for older people in nursing homes rather than pretending no-one will ever need or want to be admitted to one.
Awards and honours
In 2014, he was named by the Health Service Journal as one of the top 100 Clinical Leaders in England and as one of the top 50 Leaders in Integrated Care.
References
Living people
21st-century British medical doctors
1966 births
People educated at Manchester Grammar School
Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Alumni of The Queen's College, Oxford |
17330632 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1563%20No%C3%ABl | 1563 Noël | 1563 Noël, provisional designation , is a stony Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 7 March 1943, by Belgian astronomer Sylvain Arend at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle, and named after his son.
Orbit and classification
Noël is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest groups of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.0–2.4 AU once every 3 years and 3 months (1,185 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic. Noël was first identified as at the Crimean Simeiz Observatory in 1930, extending its observation arc by 13 years prior to its official discovery observation.
Physical characteristics
The S-type asteroid is characterized as a transitional Sa-subtype on the SMASS taxonomic scheme.
Rotation period
Between April 2008 and June 2015, five rotational lightcurves were obtained from photometric observations by Czech astronomer Petr Pravec at the Ondřejov Observatory near Prague. All lightcurves show a well-defined rotation period between 3.548 and 3.550 hours with a brightness variation of 0.15 to 0.18 in magnitude ().
In April 2008, a photometric observation by astronomer Julian Oey at the Kingsgrove Observatory, Australia, gave a concurring period of hours and an amplitude of 0.14 ().
Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Noël measures 7.2 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo of 0.37, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the family's principal body and namesake – and calculates a larger diameter of 9.0 kilometers.
Naming
This minor planet was named in honor of the discoverer's son, Emanuel Arend ().
Notes
References
External links
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
001563
Discoveries by Sylvain Arend
Minor planets named for people
Named minor planets
001563
19430307 |
44499022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Day%20of%20Monaco | National Day of Monaco | The National Day of Monaco (, literally Prince's holiday) also known as The Sovereign Prince's Day is currently annually celebrated on 19 November.
Date
The date of the National day is traditionally determined by the reigning Prince. The previous Princes often chose the day of the saint they were named after. For instance the late Prince Rainier III chose 19 November, the day that celebrates Saint Rainier. When Prince Albert II ascended the throne he ended this tradition by choosing the same day as his father, instead of the day of St. Albert, 15 November. The 19 November also happens to be the same day of Albert II's official ascension to the throne.
Celebrations
National day is typically celebrated with fireworks over the harbour the evening before and a mass in the St. Nicholas Cathedral the next morning.
The people of Monaco may celebrate by displaying the Monegasque flag.
It is an opportunity to see the pomp and circumstance of the Principality. Knights of Malta, distinguished ambassadors, consuls and state officials wear medal-laden uniforms as they congregate in the Saint Nicholas Cathedral after the mass. The Princely Family of Monaco is expected to show up on national day.
The birth of Albert II's children has been celebrated in a similar fashion as a national day and 7 January 2015 was declared a public holiday (one-time only).
See also
Public holidays in Monaco
References
National days |
44499051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suillellus%20atlanticus | Suillellus atlanticus | Suillellus atlanticus is a species of bolete fungus found in coastal sand dunes in Galicia. Originally described as a species of Boletus in 2013, it was transferred to Suillellus the following year.
References
External links
atlanticus
Fungi described in 2013
Fungi of Europe |
44499076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dak%20Pek%20Camp | Dak Pek Camp | Dak Pek Camp (also known as Dak Pek Special Forces Camp) is a former U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) base northwest of Kon Tum in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.
History
The 5th Special Forces Group first established a base at here in December 1962 to monitor communist infiltration along the Ho Chi Minh Trail. The base was located 14 km from the Laos border, 40 km south of Khâm Đức and approximately 85 km northwest of Kon Tum.
5th Special Forces Detachment A-749 was based here in October 1963, Detachment A-5 was based here in December 1964, Detachment A-211 was based here in 1965 and Detachment A-242 from October 1966. The base was also used as a launch site for MACV-SOG operations into Laos.
On 29 May 1968 a de Havilland Canada C-7 Caribou #62-4189 was hit by mortar fire as it landed at Dak Pek causing the right wing to separate, there were no casualties.
On 12 April 1970 a People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) force estimated at two battalions attacked the camp. Sappers attacked many of the bunkers and the defenders were forced back to a small fighting position before air support forced the PAVN back. The siege of Dak Pek last until early May when the PAVN withdrew. Total losses were 34 CIDG and 420 PAVN killed. The PAVN simultaneously attacked the nearby Dak Seang Camp.
Other units based at Dak Pek included:
6th Battalion, 29th Artillery
57th Assault Helicopter Company (AH-1 Cobra)
1st Battalion, 92nd Artillery
The base was transferred to 88th Border Rangers on 30 November 1970. In April 1972 AC-119K gunships killed 98 PAVN around Dak Pek.
Current use
The base has been turned over to forestry and housing and sits adjacent to the Ho Chi Minh Highway.
References
External links
http://www.bietdongquan.com/article1/rgr88.htm Account of history of Dak Pek post 1970
Installations of the United States Army in South Vietnam
Installations of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam
Buildings and structures in Kon Tum province |
20468468 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primovula | Primovula | Primovula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Ovulidae, the false cowries.
Species
Species within the genus Primovula include:
Primovula astra Omi & Iino, 2005
Primovula beckeri (Sowerby, 1900)
Primovula fulguris (Azuma & Cate, 1971)
Primovula panthera Omi, 2008
Primovula roseomaculata (Schepman, 1909)
Primovula rosewateri (Cate, 1973)
Primovula santacarolinensis Cate, 1978
Primovula tadashigei (Cate, 1973)
Primovula tropica Schilder, 1931
Primovula uvula Cate, 1978
Species brought into synonymy
Primovula adriatica Allan, 1956: synonym of Pseudosimnia adriatica (Sowerby, 1828)
Primovula aureola Fehse, 2002: synonym of Crenavolva aureola (Fehse, 2002)
Primovula azumai Cate, 1970: synonym of Dentiovula azumai (Cate, 1970)
Primovula bellica Cate, 1973: synonym of Cuspivolva bellica (Cate, 1973)
Primovula bellocqae Cardin, 1997: synonym of Pseudosimnia juanjosensii (Pérez & Gómez, 1987)
Primovula carnea (Poiret, 1789): synonym of Pseudosimnia carnea (Poiret, 1789)
Primovula cavanaghi Allan, 1956: synonym of Globovula cavanaghi (Iredale, 1931)
Primovula celzardi Fehse, 2008: synonym of Cuspivolva celzardi (Fehse, 2008)
Primovula coarctaca Schilder, 1941: synonym of Prosimnia semperi (Weinkauff, 1881)
Primovula colobica Azuma & Cate, 1971: synonym of Dentiovula colobica (Azuma & Cate, 1971)
Primovula concinna Schilder, 1932: synonym of Procalpurnus semistriatus (Pease, 1862)
Primovula dautzenbergi Schilder, 1931: synonym of Diminovula dautzenbergi (Schilder, 1931)
Primovula diaphana Liltved, 1987: synonym of Pseudosimnia diaphana (Liltved, 1987)
Primovula dondani Cate, 1964: synonym of Serratovolva dondani (Cate, 1964)
Primovula dubia Cate, 1973: synonym of Primovula fulguris (Azuma & Cate, 1971)
Primovula formosa Schilder, 1941: synonym of Crenavolva traillii (A. Adams, 1855)
Primovula fructicum (Reeve, 1865): synonym of Prionovolva wilsoniana Cate, 1973: synonym of Prionovolva brevis (Sowerby, 1828)
Primovula fruticum (Reeve, 1865): synonym of Prionovolva brevis (Sowerby, 1828)
Primovula fumikoae Azuma & Cate, 1971: synonym of Sandalia triticea (Lamarck, 1810)
Primovula habui Cate, 1973: synonym of Cuspivolva habui (Cate, 1973)
Primovula helenae Cate, 1973: synonym of Cuspivolva helenae (Cate, 1973)
Primovula horai Cardin, 1994: synonym of Dentiovula horai (Cardin, 1994)
Primovula horimasarui Cate & Azuma, 1971: synonym of Hiatavolva coarctata (Sowerby in A. Adams & Reeve, 1848)
Primovula kurodai Cate & Azuma in Cate, 1973: synonym of Primovula roseomaculata (Schepman, 1909)
Primovula luna Omi, 2007: synonym of Pseudosimnia diaphana (Liltved, 1987)
Primovula mariae Schilder, 1941: synonym of Dentiovula mariae (Schilder, 1941)
Primovula mucronata Azuma & Cate, 1971: synonym of Cuspivolva mucronata (Azuma & Cate, 1971)
Primovula myrakeenae Azuma & Cate, 1971: synonym of Dentiovula azumai (Cate, 1970)
Primovula narinosa Cate, 1973: synonym of Cuspivolva narinosa (Cate, 1973)
Primovula oryza Omi & Clover, 2005: synonym of Dentiovula oryza (Omi & Clover, 2005)
Primovula platysia Cate, 1973: synonym of Cuspivolva platysia (Cate, 1973)
Primovula pyriformis Allan, 1956: synonym of Diminovula alabaster (Reeve, 1865)
Primovula rhodia Schilder, 1932: synonym of Simnia aperta (Sowerby, 1849)
Primovula rhodia (A. Adams, 1854): synonym of Sandalia triticea (Lamarck, 1810)
Primovula rutherfordiana Cate, 1973: synonym of Dentiovula rutherfordiana (Cate, 1973)
Primovula singularis Cate, 1973: synonym of Cuspivolva singularis (Cate, 1973)
Primovula sinomaris Cate, 1973: synonym of Primovula roseomaculata (Schepman, 1909)
Primovula solemi Cate, 1973: synonym of Pseudosimnia vanhyningi (M. Smith, 1940)
Primovula tigris Yamamoto, 1971: synonym of Cuspivolva tigris (Yamamoto, 1971)
Primovula tosaensis Azuma & Cate, 1971: synonym of Dissona tosaensis (Azuma & Cate, 1971)
Primovula tropica Schilder, 1941: synonym of Primovula tropica Schilder, 1931
Primovula vanhyningi M. Smith, 1940: synonym of Pseudosimnia vanhyningi (M. Smith, 1940)
Primovula virgo Azuma & Cate, 1971: synonym of Crenavolva virgo (Azuma & Cate, 1971)
References
Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
Ovulidae |
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