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20466111 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Vaux%2C%204th%20Baron%20Vaux%20of%20Harrowden | Edward Vaux, 4th Baron Vaux of Harrowden | Edward Vaux, 4th Baron Vaux of Harrowden (13 September 1588 – 8 September 1661) was an English peer. He was the son of George Vaux (1564–1594) and his wife Elizabeth Vaux (daughter of John Roper, 1st Baron Teynham, born about 1564), and the grandson and heir of William Vaux, 3rd Baron Vaux of Harrowden. He succeeded his grandfather as Baron Vaux of Harrowden in August 1595, just before his seventh birthday.
Early life and religion
The Vaux and Roper families were Catholics, and the third Baron Vaux was convicted of recusancy several times during the reign of Elizabeth I. As a minor heir to a barony, Edward Vaux became a ward of the queen on his grandfather's death. His widowed mother, known as the "Dowager of Harrowden" or (incorrectly, as her husband was never Lord Vaux) as the "Dowager Lady Vaux", devastated by the loss of her beloved husband, vowed to never remarry and devoted the rest of her life to religion. During a remodelling of the family estate at Great Harrowden in young Edward's name, she incorporated hidden rooms for the harbouring of Catholic priests including her confessor, the dashing Jesuit John Gerard. Her activities were closely watched by the authorities, and both Edward and his mother were investigated in the aftermath of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605. Edward felt it prudent to go abroad for some years.
He returned to England in 1611, apparently to intercede for his mother, who had been arrested for recusancy. For refusing to take the 1606 Oath of Allegiance to James I, entailing a denial of the pope's authority over the king, Edward was committed to the Fleet prison. He was sentenced in the Kings Bench to perpetual imprisonment and loss of property on 1 March 1612, but he was transferred to the custody of the Dean of Westminster and had a grant of his forfeited lands in October 1612. He had already saved some of the family estates by conveying them in trust to five of his Protestant neighbours, even though such a transaction was strictly forbidden by law. He was later released on surety of £1000.
Military career
On 3 January 1621, Vaux was summoned to the Parliament which James reluctantly called to raise funds for the military assistance of his son-in-law Frederick V, Elector Palatine. When Parliament instead demanded abandonment of the planned Spanish Match for Charles, Prince of Wales and war with Spain, James dissolved Parliament and pursued the Spanish bride for his son with renewed vigor. The king supported a request by the Spanish ambassador to allow volunteers to be recruited for service in the Spanish Army of Flanders, which relied heavily on foreign mercenaries, and suspended the statute that required volunteers in foreign service to take the Oath of Allegiance before leaving the country. In 1622 Edward Vaux was licensed to raise a regiment of English Catholics for the Spanish service, but at the Siege of Bergen-op-Zoom, he was dismayed to find his regiment facing English Protestant troops despite Spanish promises to the contrary, and many of his men deserted rather than engage their fellow-countrymen.
Vaux paid £300 to purge his personal attendance on Charles I at York in March 1639 for the military expedition into Scotland known as the First Bishops' War.
Marriage and estate
When Edward was seventeen, his mother sought to arrange his marriage to Elizabeth Howard, daughter of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk, but the marriage negotiations were abandoned as hopeless in the wake of the Gunpowder Plot, and Elizabeth was married to William Knollys, 1st Earl of Banbury who was some 40 years her senior on 23 December 1605. Nevertheless, Edward and Elizabeth Howard seem to have fallen in love, for they were married in June 1632 within five weeks of her first husband's death. The marriage produced no children, but Elizabeth's two sons, Edward (1627–1645) and Nicolas (1631–1674), born in the life-time of her elderly first husband, were widely presumed to be the illegitimate sons of Edward Vaux. Neither son is mentioned in the earl's will, but in 1641 the law courts decided that Edward was Earl of Banbury, and when he was slain in an argument aged 18 (before June 1645), his brother Nicholas, who had used the surname "Vaux", took the title. On 19 October 1646, Edward Vaux settled the whole of his estates on Nicholas, speaking of him as "now Earl of Banbury, heretofore called Nicholas Vaux" to the total exclusion of his own lawful heirs. However, in the Convention Parliament of 1660 the House of Lords questioned Nicolas's right to the title and through Nicholas and his descendants arose a long contest for the Banbury peerage (see Knollys family).
Edward Vaux's wife Elizabeth died 17 April 1658, aged 71. Vaux died 8 September 1661, aged 74. Both were buried at Dorking, Surrey.
On Edward's death without legitimate issue, the Barony of Vaux of Harrowden was inherited by his brother Henry who died without issue in 1663.
In 1632, he added to his property in the area by purchasing the Manor of Little Harrowden from John Sanderson, his wife Cecily and John Sanderson junior.
Notes
References
Fraser, Antonia, Faith and Treason: The Story of the Gunpowder Plot, Nan Talese/Doubleday, 1996, .
Kenyon, J.P. The Popish Plot, Phoenix Press, reissue 2000
Manning, Roger B, An Apprenticeship in Arms: The Origins of the British Army 1585–1702, Oxford University Press, 2006, , excerpted at Google Books
1588 births
1661 deaths
16th-century English nobility
17th-century English nobility
17th-century English military personnel
17th-century Spanish military personnel
Barons Vaux of Harrowden
English Roman Catholics
Edward |
44496840 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frutillar%20Musical%20Weeks | Frutillar Musical Weeks | The Frutillar Musical Weeks (Semanas Musicales de Frutillar) is a classical music festival that takes place every year in the southern Chilean town of Frutillar, Los Lagos Region.
History
The Frutillar Musical Weeks were conceived in 1968 by a group of Frutillar residents supported by the German Chilean League of Santiago. Robert Dick, Arturo Yunge, Alfredo Daetz and Flora Inostroza made up the organizing committee for the first 12 years of the festival's existence, and much of the credit for the success of the festival should be granted to them. Thanks to Flora Inostroza, the Universidad de Chile and the Chilean Air Force have been close collaborators in the festival since its launch.
In the early days, the Musical Weeks were held in Catholic or Lutheran church and then at the municipal gym, until they became so popular that they needed a larger venue.
The Musical Weeks have been held every summer since 1968. Today the festival is one of the most important classical music events in Chile.
Location and venues
Frutillar is a small town and commune located in southern Chile in the Los Lagos Region, 983 km (630 mi) south of Santiago, the capital.
The bay of Frutillar is found on the shores of Lake Llanquihue, the largest lake lying entirely within Chile. Frutillar (which translates as “strawberry fields”) is known as the "City of Music" thanks to the festival, and was originally populated mainly by German settlers from Hamburg in the 1850s.
The main venue of the festival since 2010 is the Teatro del Lago (Theatre of the Lake), a theatre and concert hall housed in a 10,000 m2 building. Opening on November 6, 2010 after 12 years in development, it is located right on the shore of Llanquihue Lake so that the interior auditorium enjoys a view of the snow-capped Osorno Volcano across the lake.
The architecture of the building is contemporary, but retains links with the traditional southern Chilean style, strongly influenced by German immigrants. Native materials were used in construction, such as wood, stone and copper.
The largest room in the venue is the "Espacio Tronador", which can seat almost 1,200 spectators. The auditorium is made completely of wood, and the spaces are outlined by the curved lines of the stage, rows of seats and high balconies.
There is also a range of other multipurpose salons and foyers, exhibition areas, rehearsal spaces, conference rooms and congress halls.
The festival
The festival takes place between January and February every year and lasts for 10 days. It features more than 40 classical concerts performed by both Chilean and international artists. The program includes music and composers from different periods as well as famous Chilean and international performers and conductors, chamber orchestras, choirs and soloists.
In addition to the events that take place in Frutillar, other nearby towns also hold free concerts.
Sculptures on musical and festival themes can be found all along the Frutillar lakeshore, such as an amphitheatre, a Steinway grand piano and a gazebo, to name a few.
See also
List of classical music festivals in South America
List of music festivals in Chile
Music of Chile
Classical Music
Frutillar
External links
Municipality of Frutillar
Teatro del Lago
References
Music festivals in Chile
Llanquihue Province
Recurring events established in 1968
Chamber music festivals
Classical music festivals in Chile |
20466124 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zodiolestes | Zodiolestes | Zodiolestes is a genus of mustelids, now extinct, which existed during the Miocene period.
The genus was first described in 1942, by E. S. Riggs, who identified the sister genus Promartes at the same time, and assigned to the family Procyonidae. In 1998 it was assigned to the subfamily Oligobuninae of the family Mustelidae. Two species have been identified in the genus: Z. daimonelixensis and Z. freundi.
Z. daimonelixensis showed digging adaptations, and one fossil was found curled up in the "corkscrew" burrow of the Miocene beaver, Palaeocastor. Zodiolestes was most likely a predator of these fossorial beavers.
This situation was analogous to the modern day prairie dog (genus Cynomys) and its predator the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes).
References
Prehistoric mustelids
Miocene mustelids
Prehistoric mammals of North America
Prehistoric carnivoran genera |
6899898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony%20Casso | Anthony Casso | Anthony Salvatore Casso (May 21, 1942 – December 15, 2020), nicknamed "Gaspipe", was an American mobster and underboss of the Lucchese crime family. During his career in organized crime, Casso was regarded as a "homicidal maniac" in the Italian-American Mafia. He is suspected of having committed dozens of murders, and had confessed to involvement in between 15 and 36 murders. Government witness Anthony Accetturo, the former caporegime of The Jersey Crew, once said of Casso, "all he wanted to do is kill, kill, get what you can, even if you didn't earn it". In interviews, and on the witness stand, Casso confessed involvement in the murders of Frank DeCicco, Roy DeMeo, and Vladimir Reznikov. Casso also admitted to several attempts to murder Gambino family boss John Gotti.
Following his arrest in 1993, Casso became one of the highest-ranking members of the Mafia to turn informant. After taking a plea agreement, he was placed in the witness protection program, however, in 1998, it was rescinded and Casso was dropped from the program after several infractions. Later that year, a federal judge sentenced him to 455 years in prison for racketeering, extortion, and murder.
Casso died in prison custody from complications related to COVID-19 on December 15, 2020.
Early life
Casso was born on May 21, 1942, in South Brooklyn, in New York City, the youngest of the three children to Michael and Margaret Casso (née Cucceullo). Casso's grandparents had immigrated to the United States from Campania, Italy in the 1890s. His godfather was Salvatore Callinbrano, a made man and caporegime in the Genovese crime family, which maintained a powerful influence on the Brooklyn docks. Casso dropped out of school at 16 and got a job with his father as a longshoreman. In his youth, he became a crack shot, firing pistols at targets on a rooftop which he and his friends used as a shooting range. Casso also made money shooting predatory hawks for pigeon keepers.
Personal life
Casso married fellow South Brooklyn native Lillian Delduca on May 4, 1968. They had a daughter and son.
Prior to his marriage to Lillian, Casso had a serious relationship with fellow South Brooklyn native Rosemarie Billotti, whose parents hoped he would marry. Without Lillian's knowledge, for decades after their wedding, Casso secretly kept Billotti as his mistress and set her up in a house in Mount Olive, New Jersey.
During his marriage, Casso also committed many other infidelities. In an interview with biographer Philip Carlo, Casso recalled, Most all men in my life, everyone I know, had girlfriends. It goes with the territory. Women are drawn to us, the power, the money, and we're drawn to them. But only in passing. Some guys treated their mistresses better than their wife, but that's a fuckin' outrage. No class. Only a cafone does that. I never loved any woman but Lillian. She and my family always came first.
In reality, following his arrest inside the house in Mount Olive by the FBI in 1993, Lillian Casso, "was incensed, and felt betrayed - violated - used", when she learned that her husband had secretly continued his relationship with Rosemarie Billotti. Even though she eventually agreed to visit her husband in Federal prison, for the rest of her life, Lillian Casso, according to Philip Carlo, "could not understand how Anthony could be so deceitful, duplicitous, - such a two faced pig."
Lucchese crime family
Early criminal career
Casso was a violent youth, and member of the infamous 1950s gang, the South Brooklyn Boys. In 1958, he was arrested after a "rumble" against Irish-American gangsters. Casso later told Carlo that his father visited him at the police station and tried in vain to scare his son straight. He soon caught the eye of Christopher "Christie Tick" Furnari, the capo of the "19th Hole Crew" in the Lucchese family. Casso started his career in the Mafia as a loan shark. As a protégé of Furnari, he was also involved in gambling and drug dealing. He was arrested for attempted murder in 1961, but was acquitted when the alleged victim refused to identify him.
19th Hole Crew
In 1974, at age 32, he became a made man, or full member, of the Lucchese family. Casso was assigned to Vincent Foceri's crew that operated from 116th Street in Manhattan and from Fourteenth Avenue in Brooklyn. Shortly after becoming made, Casso became close to another rising star in the family, Victor Amuso, and began a partnership that would last for two decades. They committed scores of crimes, including drug trafficking, burglary and the murders of informants.
Casso later began reporting to Christopher Furnari, alias "Christie Tick", the caporegime of "the 19th Hole Crew".
Within Furnari's "19th Hole Crew" both Casso and Amuso led a burglary ring known as "The Bypass Gang", which included expert locksmiths, safe crackers, and experts in security alarm systems. The Bypass Gang is still suspected of committing burglaries in banks and jewelry stores throughout New York City and Long Island. Authorities estimated the Bypass gang stole more than $100 million from safety deposit boxes and vaults during the 1970s and 1980s.
When Furnari was promoted to the Lucchese family's consigliere, he asked Casso to take over the 19th Hole Crew. However, Casso declined, suggesting that Amuso be promoted instead. Casso remained Amuso's aide.
In December 1985, Casso was approached by caporegime Frank DeCicco regarding a planned coup in the Gambino crime family. Gambino captain John Gotti, whose crew had worked with Casso in multiple drug deals, and other captains, were planning to kill crime boss, Paul Castellano. Gotti and DeCicco were looking for support among the other Four Families affected by the Mafia Commission Trial. According to Sammy Gravano, another of Gotti's co-conspirators, DeCicco returned from the meeting saying that Casso had offered the conspirators his unconditional support. According to Casso, DeCicco alleged during their meeting that Castellano's carelessness in allowing his own house to be bugged was reason enough to kill him. Casso later told Carlo, however, that he tried to talk DeCicco out of killing a boss without first asking for The Commission's permission. Otherwise, he said, killing Castellano would be a cardinal violation of the rules and all the participants would have to be murdered by the other Four Families. Castellano's murder went ahead anyway on December 16, 1985. Casso would later denounce Gotti's actions to Carlo as "the beginning of the end of our thing."
As Casso had warned, Lucchese boss Anthony Corallo and Genovese boss Vincent Gigante decided to kill Gotti, DeCicco, and every other conspirator in Castellano's murder. Amuso and Casso were chosen to handle the assassinations, and were instructed to use a car bomb to try and shift suspicion to Sicilian mobsters, or Zips, related to Castellano. While New York City mafiosi had long been (officially) banned from using bombs due to the risk of collateral damage, Sicilian mafiosi and members of the Cleveland crime family were notorious for blowing up their targets. Amuso and Casso made one attempt on the lives of Gotti and DeCicco, planting a bomb in DeCicco's car when the two were scheduled to visit a social club on April 13, 1986. Gotti cancelled at the last minute, however, and the bomb instead only killed DeCicco and injured a passenger they had mistaken for Gotti.
Taking over the family with Amuso
In November 1986, Lucchese family boss Anthony Corallo sensed that the Commission Trial would result in a guilty verdict that would ensure the entire Lucchese leadership would die in prison. Corallo wanting to maintain the family's half-century tradition of a seamless transfer of power called both Casso and Amuso to Furnari's Staten Island home. Casso turned down the promotion to boss and instead suggested that Amuso become the new boss. Amuso formally took over the family in 1987 and Casso succeeded Furnari as consigliere. Casso later took over as Underboss in 1989 after Mariano Macaluso retired.
While at the top of the Lucchese family, Amuso and Casso shared huge profits from their family's illegal activities. These profits included: $15,000 to $20,000 a month from extorting Long Island carting companies; $75,000 a month in kickbacks from eight air freight carriers that guaranteed them labor peace and no union benefits for their workers; $20,000 a week in profits from illegal video game machines; and $245,000 annually from a major concrete supplier. Amuso and Casso also split more than $200,000 per year from the Garment District rackets, as well as a cut of all the crimes committed by the family's soldiers.
In one instance, Casso and Amuso split $800,000 from the Colombo family for Casso's aid in helping them rob steel from a construction site at the West Side Highway in Manhattan. In another instance, the two bosses received $600,000 from the Gambino family for allowing it to take over a Lucchese-protected contractor for a housing complex project on Coney Island. Casso also controlled Greek-American crime boss George Kalikatas, who gave Casso $683,000 protection money in 1990 alone to operate a loan sharking, extortion, and illegal gambling organization in Astoria, Queens.
Eastern European connections
Casso had a close alliance with Russian boss Marat Balagula, who operated a multibillion-dollar gasoline bootlegging scam in Brighton Beach. Balagula, a Soviet Jewish refugee from Odessa, had arrived in the US under the Jackson-Vanik Amendment. After Colombo capo Michael Franzese began shaking down his crew, Balagula approached Christopher Furnari, consigliere for the Lucchese crime family, and asked for a sit-down at the 19th Hole Crew's social club in Brooklyn. According to Casso, Furnari declared,
Here there's enough for everybody to be happy...to leave the table satisfied. What we must avoid is trouble between us and the other families. I propose to make a deal with the others so there's no bad blood...Meanwhile, we will send word out that from now on you and your people are with the Lucchese family. No one will bother you. If anyone does bother you, come to us and Anthony will take care of it.
Street tax from Balagula's organization was not only strategically shared, but also became the Five Families' biggest moneymaker after drug trafficking. According to Carlo,
It didn't take long for word on the street to reach the Russian underworld: Marat Balagula was paying off the Italians; Balagula was a punk; Balagula had no balls. Balagula's days were numbered. This, of course, was the beginning of serious trouble. Balagula did in fact have balls—he was a ruthless killer when necessary—but he also was a smart diplomatic administrator and he knew that the combined, concerted force of the Italian crime families would quickly wipe the newly arrived Russian competition off the proverbial map.
Shortly afterward, Balagula's rival, a fellow Russian immigrant named Vladimir Reznikov, drove up to the former's office building in the Midwood section of Brooklyn. Sitting in his car, Reznikov opened fire on the building with an AK-47. One of Balagula's close associates was killed and several secretaries were wounded. Then, on June 12, 1986, Reznikov entered the Rasputin nightclub in Brighton Beach and placed a 9mm Beretta against Balagula's head, demanding $600,000 in exchange for not pulling the trigger. He also demanded a percentage of everything Balagula was involved in. After Balagula promised to get the money, Reznikov threatened him and his family.
Shortly after Reznikov left, Balagula suffered a massive heart attack. He insisted on being treated at his home in Brighton Beach, where he felt it would be harder for Reznikov to kill him. When Casso arrived, he listened to Balagula's story and seethed with fury. Casso later told Carlo that, to his mind, Reznikov had just spat in the face of the entire Cosa Nostra. Casso told Balagula, "Send word to Vladimir that you have his money, that he should come to the club tomorrow. We'll take care of the rest." Balagula responded, "You're sure? This is an animal. It was him that used a machine gun in the office." Casso responded, "Don't concern yourself. I promise we'll take care of him...Okay?" Casso then requested a photograph of Reznikov and a description of his car.
Following the meeting, Casso and Amuso received Furnari's permission to have Reznikov killed. The following day, Reznikov returned to the nightclub, expecting to pick up his money. Upon realizing that Balagula wasn't there, Reznikov launched into a barrage of profanity and stormed back to the parking lot. There, DeMeo crew veteran Joseph Testa walked up behind Reznikov and shot him dead. Testa then jumped into a car driven by Anthony Senter and left Brighton Beach. According to Casso, "After that, Marat didn't have any problems with other Russians."
Cementing power
In 1988, Caporegime Paul Vario died in Federal Prison, and Amuso promoted Alphonse D'Arco to capo of The Vario Crew. In 1990, Amuso selected D'Arco to organize a "Lucchese construction panel". A committee of Lucchese family members, the panel would oversee the Lucchese-controlled unions and construction companies and co-ordinate joint business ventures with the other Five Families of the New York City Cosa Nostra.
Many years later, D'Arco explained his role under Amuso and Casso's leadership of the Lucchese family, "When a job needed to be done, whenever they needed to do something unpleasant to someone, I was the prick chosen by them."
For example, in the infamous "whack Jersey order", Amuso and Casso ordered Al D'Arco and the Vario Crew to murder the Lucchese family's entire Jersey Crew, after caporegime Anthony Accetturo refused a direct order to increase the family's share of their profits. Acceturo was particularly enraged that Casso and Amuso also had ordered the assassination of his wife. Casso alleged during interviews with Philip Carlo that Accetturo had involved his wife in the running of the Jersey Crew and that therefore Accetturo alone was responsible for the contract put on her. Accetturo, however, considered the contract on his wife a violation of the American Mafia's longstanding rule against killing mobsters' relatives who are not involved in the life and he chose accordingly to break his blood oath and cooperate with the Feds.
Fugitive
In January 1991, Casso received an early warning, from a secret law enforcement source he referred to as his, "crystal ball", about an upcoming federal indictment. Shortly before he and Amuso both went into hiding, Casso summoned Alphonse D'Arco, the caporegime of The Vario Crew, to a meeting at the Rodman gun at John Paul Jones Park, in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn. Casso gave D'Arco a list of phone booth numbers and secret addresses and informed D'Arco that he was in charge of the Lucchese crime family until further notice.
D'Arco would meet with Casso and Amuso twice in Scranton, Pennsylvania, and several times at safe houses in Brooklyn.
In early 1991, Amuso and Casso ordered the murder of made man and caporegime Peter Chiodo, a fellow Windows Case defendant who had pleaded guilty without asking their permission. Casso assigned the murder to acting boss Alphonse 'Little Al' D'Arco. The order shocked D'Arco, who knew that Chiodo had been a close friend and confidant of Casso for years.
On May 8, 1991, two Lucchese shooters ambushed Chiodo while he was working on a car at a gas station in Staten Island. Chiodo received 12 bullet wounds in the arms, legs, and torso, but survived the attack. Doctors credited Chiodo's obesity with saving his life, as none of the slugs penetrated a vital organ or artery. However, he sustained several abdominal wounds and permanent damage to his right arm.
Following the unsuccessful assassination attempt, Casso delivered a blunt threat through Chiodo's lawyer that, if Chiodo testified, his wife would be murdered. Despite being common practice in the Calabrian 'Ndrangheta, Casso's threat was a violation of a longstanding American Mafia rule against killing mobsters' relatives who are not involved in, "The Life". While Chiodo had angrily refused every previous offer to flip, Casso's threat to kill his wife was the last straw. He broke his blood oath and become a government witness, by his own account, to protect his family.
Meanwhile, Alphonse D'Arco knew that Amuso and Casso blamed him for having failed to murder Peter Chiodo and grew certain that they were planning to kill him. In July 1991, in a Staten Island meeting, Amuso and Casso replaced D'Arco as acting boss with a four-man panel of capos. While D'Arco was named to this panel, he remained certain that Amuso and Casso no longer trusted him.
On July 29, 1991, due to a tipoff from an unidentified Lucchese insider, Amuso was arrested and Casso was secured the de facto boss of the family. It has been speculated that Casso himself was the source for the leak, as only a few people were privy to Amuso's location. This theory is contradicted, however, by Carlo, who states that Casso was not only determined to find out who betrayed Amuso and kill them, but that Casso also immediately sent the $250,000 that was due to Amuso to his wife in a shoe box. Casso, according to Carlo, had no desire to be boss of the Lucchese family and attempted to arrange for Amuso's escape from federal custody after his arrest. To the disappointment of Casso and the Lucchese capos, Amuso refused to leave prison out of fear for his life. As a result, the Lucchese capos asked Casso to take over as acting boss. Casso reluctantly accepted.
By September 21, 1991, Alphonse D'Arco was certain that Amuso and Casso had marked him and his family for death. That afternoon, D'Arco telephoned the suburban Connecticut home of FBI Agent Robert Marston. D'Arco explained that his life was in danger and that the Lucchese family had started killing the entire families of suspected informers, which had never previously been allowed. After some hesitation, D'Arco finally told Agent Marston that he and his family were in hiding at his mother's house in Long Island. Later that night, D'Arco and his family entered WITSEC.
The defections of both D'Arco and Chiodo opened the door for new murder indictments against Amuso and Casso.
In a further violation of the Mafia's code, Chiodo's extended family in Brooklyn soon suffered retaliation from Amuso and Casso. On March 10, 1992, Vario Crew enforcer Michael Spinelli shot Chiodo's sister, Patricia Capozallo, while she was driving in Bensonhurst. Capozallo sustained bullet wounds in the arm, back and neck but survived.
Also in 1993, Casso ordered George Zappola, Frank "Bones" Papagni, and Lucchese consigliere Frank Lastorino, to murder the Lucchese family's Bronx capo, Steven Crea.
Meanwhile, investigators from the Brooklyn District Attorney's office were using new technology to trace the location of cell phones. Frank Lastorino, they found, was regularly calling a cell phone near Budd Lake, New Jersey. The DA's Office informed FBI Agent Richard Rudolph, who arranged for a Federal warrant allowing Lastorino's phone to be tapped. As FBI Agents listened in, they recognized Casso's voice. On January 19, 1993, Casso was arrested while coming out of the shower at the house he shared with his mistress, Rosemarie Billotti, in Mount Olive, New Jersey.
As FBI Agents searched the house, they found a rifle, $340,000 in cash, a stack of FBI reports that had been provided to Amuso's defense attorneys, and meticulous paperwork about the inner workings of the Lucchese family.
The paperwork included monthly tabulations of how much money Casso and Amuso had received from each of their criminal operations. Casso had also written down a detailed list of the Christmas tribute money he and Amuso had received from each Lucchese crew. There was also a neatly typed list of proposed made men, which was disguised as a list of wedding guests.
Incarcerated boss
Casso was held at New York's Metropolitan Correctional Center pending trial. Facing charges that would have all but assured he would die in prison, he continued ordering hits outside, but also began making escape plans. One plan almost succeeded when a bribed guard cleared him through security; Casso nearly walked out of jail, but was spotted by another guard and thwarted at the last minute. Afterwards, Casso began making plans for Lucchese members to find out what prison buses would be transporting him and arrange an ambush, as well as assassinating the presiding judge, Eugene Nickerson, to buy himself more time.
On February 2, 1993, the body of Frank Signorino, Peter Chiodo's uncle, was found frozen solid in the trunk of a car in East New York. Signorino had been slain by multiple gunshot wounds to the head, which was wrapped in a black plastic bag.
On February 12, 1993, the Lucchese family burned down the garage of Annette Signorino, Peter Chiodo's 95-year-old grandmother, in Gravesend, Brooklyn. Chiodo later told the FBI, that he, "couldn't believe someone would try to harm an old woman."
However, Casso's power came undone when Amuso not only stripped Casso of his title of underboss, but declared that all Lucchese mafiosi should consider him a pariah—in effect, banishing Casso from the family. Amuso had long been suspicious of Casso's failure to use his law enforcement contacts to find out who had betrayed him, and finally concluded Casso did it himself to take control of the family.
The two lead prosecutors on the case, Charles Rose and Gregory O'Connell, later told Jerry Capeci that they had hoped to use Sammy Gravano as a witness against Casso. Gravano, however, refused, as he reportedly feared that Casso would start killing members of his extended family.
Alphonse D'Arco, however, was reportedly very eager to testify against his former friend. According to FBI Agent Lucien Gandolfo, "He thought he was standing for what was right, but also for the old values that had been abandoned by the mob."
Informant
Facing the prospect of a trial at which D'Arco, Acceturo, and Chiodo were due to be star witnesses against him, as well as spending the rest of his life in prison, Casso reached out to FBI Agent Richard Rudolph and offered to turn informant. Casso was immediately moved to the Federal Prison at La Tuna, near El Paso, Texas and housed in the famous "Valachi Suite" as he debriefed.
At the beginning of the first session, Casso joked, "Every time I stepped out of the house I committed a crime. You expect me to remember all of them?" The agents urged Casso to start by revealing his "crystal ball."
In response, Casso disclosed that decorated NYPD Detectives Stephen Caracappa and Louis Eppolito had been on his payroll and had committed eight murders under his orders. Casso further explained that Detectives Carracappa and Eppolito, who had also served on the Federal Organized Crime Strike Force, had also leaked the names of both Police and FBI informants, which had resulted in many other murders.
Federal Prosecutors Charles Rose and Gregory O'Connell flew from New York City to Texas as the debriefing continued. Casso named scores of other mobsters he had conspired with, including Genovese boss Vincent Gigante. Casso also confessed to having sent hitmen to Federal Prosecutor Charles Rose's home with the intention of having him murdered. Casso also admitted to having plotted the assassination of Federal Judge Nickerson in order to delay his own trial.
Casso initially confessed to twelve murders, but when pressed for details, he admitted to a further twenty-four. At the same time, though, Casso was found to have lied about how much money he possessed. He also denied all involvement in the murder of Peter Chiodo's uncle or in the arson at the home of Chiodo's elderly grandmother. Increasingly sceptical, the FBI Agents made Casso take a lie detector test, which he failed.
Gregory O'Connell later told Jerry Capeci that the decision not to use Casso as a witness was made in the Valachi Suite, while Casso, "with apparent delight", gleefully laughed as he described how he buried alive a young drug smuggling associate in the Florida Everglades.
As Casso spoke, Federal Prosecutors O'Connell and Rose, "read each other's thoughts. The story would probably not go over well with a jury." Both prosecutors flew back to New York City convinced that Casso's knowledge of Mafia secrets did not matter. O'Connell later told Capeci, "It gets to a point where somebody is just too evil to put on the stand."
Casso finalized a plea agreement at a hearing on March 1, 1994, where he pleaded guilty to 70 crimes, including racketeering, extortion and 15 murders. The two lead prosecutors on the case, Charles Rose and Gregory O'Connell, later said they'd feared Casso could be acquitted at trial, since they did not have any taped conversations as evidence. However, with Casso's guilty plea, O'Connell said they had Casso "tied up six ways to Sunday." While remaining in prison, Casso was placed in the witness protection program.
According to Carlo, when Casso revealed that he also had an FBI Agent on the payroll, prosecutors ordered him to keep quiet. Casso alleges that he further enraged the US government by accusing Gambino turncoat Sammy Gravano, who had denied ever having dealt in drugs, of buying large amounts of cocaine, heroin, and marijuana from Casso over two decades. However, Casso was vindicated to some extent when Gravano pleaded guilty in 2000 to operating a massive narcotics ring, which included selling ecstasy to adolescents. He was the second confessed underboss of a New York crime family to break his blood oath and turn informer, after Gambino underboss Gravano.
In 1998, Casso was removed from the witness protection program after prosecutors alleged numerous infractions, in 1997, including bribing guards, assaulting other inmates and making "false statements" about Gravano and D'Arco. Casso's attorney tried to get Judge Frederic Block to overrule federal prosecutors in July 1998, but Block refused to do so. Shortly afterward, Judge Block sentenced Casso to 455 years in prison without possibility of parole—the maximum sentence permitted under sentencing guidelines. Casso later told The New York Times organized-crime reporter Selwyn Raab that, before turning informer, he was seriously considering a deal that would have allowed him the possibility of parole after 22 years. "I help them and I get life without parole," he said. "This is really a fuckin' joke". Casso lost two subsequent appeals to get his sentence reduced.
In a 2006 letter to Carlo, Casso declared, I am truly regretful for my decision to cooperate with the Government. It was against all my beliefs and upbringing. I know for certain, had my father been alive, I would never have done so. I have disgraced my family heritage, lost the respect of my children and close friends, and most probably added to the sudden death of my wife and confidant for more than 35 years. I wish the clock could be turned back only to bring her back. I have never in my life informed on anyone. I have always hated rats and as strange as it may sound I still do. I surely hate myself, day after day. It would have definitely been different if the Government had honest witnesses from inception. I would have had a second chance to start a new life, and my wife Lillian would still be alive. It seems that the only people the Government awards freedom to are the ones who give prejudiced testimony to win convictions. "The truth will set you free", means nothing in the Federal courts. Even at this point in my life, I consider myself to be a better man than most of the people on the streets these days.
Incarceration and death
Casso began serving his sentence at the supermax prison ADX Florence in Florence, Colorado. According to the Federal Bureau of Prisons, Casso was transferred to the Federal Medical Center (FMC) at the Federal Correctional Complex in Butner, North Carolina, for the treatment of prostate cancer in March 2009. He was returned to ADX Florence in July 2009. By 2013, Casso had been transferred to the Federal Residential Reentry Management Office in Minneapolis, Minnesota. This is not a prison facility, but rather an administrative designation for inmates assigned to home confinement, "halfway houses", or state and county correctional facilities. As of May 2018, he had been transferred to the United States Medical Center for Federal Prisoners, an administrative security/medical prison in Springfield, Missouri. He was later transferred to USP Terre Haute. From March 25, 2020, he was serving his sentence at USP Tucson, a high security prison in Arizona. In his later years, Casso had developed complications related to prostate cancer, coronary artery disease, kidney disease, hypertension, bladder disease and lung issues from years of smoking.
On November 5, 2020, Casso tested positive for COVID-19, amid its pandemic in Arizona, while incarcerated; he was placed in medical isolation USP Tucson. On November 9, he was transported to a local hospital due to respiratory distress, and on November 17, 2020, was put on a ventilator. His lawyers requested compassionate release, but that motion was rejected on November 28. Casso died from complications related to COVID-19 on December 15, 2020, at the age of 78.
References
Works cited
Further reading
External links
Anthony Casso – Biography.com
The Lucchese Family – TruTV Crime Library
Federal Bureau of Prisons Inmate Locator: Anthony Casso (Life)
1942 births
2020 deaths
American drug traffickers
American Mafia cooperating witnesses
American gangsters of Italian descent
People of Campanian descent
American people convicted of murder
American people who died in prison custody
Consiglieri
Criminals from Brooklyn
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Arizona
Federal Bureau of Investigation informants
Fugitives
Inmates of ADX Florence
Lucchese crime family
Gangsters sentenced to life imprisonment
Organized crime memoirists
People convicted of racketeering
People who entered the United States Federal Witness Protection Program
Prisoners who died in United States federal government detention
Prisoners who died from COVID-19 |
44496848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997%20European%20Road%20Championships | 1997 European Road Championships | The 1997 European Road Championships were held in Villach, Austria, in September 1997. Regulated by the European Cycling Union. The event consisted of a road race and time trial for under-23 women and under-23 men.
Events summary
Medal table
References
External links
The European Cycling Union
European Road Championships, 1997
European Road Championships by year
International cycle races hosted by Austria
1997 in Austrian sport
Villach |
6899903 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Secret%20of%20the%20Wooden%20Lady | The Secret of the Wooden Lady | The Secret of the Wooden Lady is the twenty-seventh volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1950 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Margaret Scherf.
Adventure abounds on the Bonny Scot in Boston Harbor as Nancy Drew helps Captain Easterly uncover the mystery of his ghostly visitors. From the moment the clever young detective and her friends, Bess and George, take up residence on the old clipper ship they are confronted with fire, theft, and other dangerous situations. Nancy faces an additional challenge: to find a clue to the clipper’s missing figurehead. If she is successful, it will help her lawyer father to trace the history of the Bonny Scot and establish a clear title to the ship for Captain Easterly. But strangely there are no records of the Bonny Scot’s past. Why? And why has the prime suspect in the recent robbery at Bess Marvin’s home followed the three girls to Boston?
References
External links
Nancy Drew books
1950 American novels
1950 children's books
Novels set in Boston
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
20466146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Lovely%20House | The Lovely House | "The Lovely House" is a gothic short story and weird tale by American writer Shirley Jackson, first published in 1950. The story features several overtly gothic elements, including a possibly haunted house, doubling, and the blurring of real and imaginary. It appeared under the title "The Visit" in New World Writing, No. 2, 1952.
The story was later reprinted in Jackson's posthumous collection Come Along With Me in 1968 (published by Viking Press and reprinted by Penguin Classics in 2013) under the title "A Visit." It was also reprinted in the anthology American Gothic Tales, edited by Joyce Carol Oates, in 1996.
American literary critic S.T. Joshi claims that "The Lovely House" exemplifies the "'quiet weird tale' at its pinnacle" in its embodiment of "the manner in which a house can subsume its occupants."
Plot summary
"The Lovely House" consists of three main parts. In part one, the main character Margaret starts her summer vacation with her friend Carla Montague. The Montagues' home is a huge and beautifully decorated house that is set among lavish grounds. The house has many themed rooms; for example, there is a fan room, a painted room, and a room with a tile mosaic on the floor. Every room contains one or more tapestries with a picture of the house on it. In the room with the tiles, there's a mosaic of a girl, with the words "Here is Margaret, who died for love."
In part two, Carla's long-anticipated brother arrives with a friend. Paul, the Captain, Carla, and Margaret pass time in various parts of the grounds. Margaret and Paul often separate from the other two, which seems to disturb Carla. One afternoon when Margaret and Paul are looking at the river, they discuss the tower and Paul tells Margaret that there is an old lady, an Aunt or a Great Aunt or a Great-Great Aunt, that hides away in the tower because she hates the tapestries. Eventually Margaret ascends the tower and meets the old lady, whose name is also Margaret. The encounter goes strangely and Margaret leaves in a hurry.
In part three, the Montagues say farewell to their son by hosting a ball. The old lady shows up at the ball to see and reminisce with Paul. Margaret overhears part of a strange conversation between the two that implies they were young together even though now they appear to be quite different ages. After the ball, the Captain points out the many ways in which the house needs repair. The family immediately become defensive and the meal ends. After breakfast, Margaret and Paul are in the drawing room. Paul becomes defensive about the state of the house, then abruptly takes his leave of Margaret. The family then says goodbye to the Captain. It is at this point in the story that the story makes clear that the Captain is Carla's brother. The story leaves ambiguous what the relationship is between Paul, Margaret, and the elderly Margaret.
Main themes
Familial relations
When Carla's brother, the Captain, comes home, the family seems to the reader to be complete once again.
Psychological ambiguity
Carla is always saying that Margaret is acting odd. Margaret believes that she's interacting with Paul, but Carla apparently can't see or hear Paul, so she sees Margaret as spending time by herself.
Gothic architecture
The tower is old and ruined; this symbolizes Margaret's death and her never-dying love for Paul.
References
Oates, Joyce Carol. American Gothic Tales. New York NY: The Ontario Review, 1996.
http://www.courses.vcu.edu/ENG-jkh/
http://www.classicauthors.net/jackson/
http://frank.mtsu.edu/~saw2z/gothicfictionweb/tradamgothic.htm
1950 short stories
Short stories by Shirley Jackson
Gothic short stories
Weird fiction |
44496861 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%27%20space | James' space | In the area of mathematics known as functional analysis, James' space is an important example in the theory of Banach spaces and commonly serves as useful counterexample to general statements concerning the structure of general Banach spaces. The space was first introduced in 1950 in a short paper by Robert C. James.
James' space serves as an example of a space that is isometrically isomorphic to its double dual, while not being reflexive. Furthermore, James' space has a basis, while having no unconditional basis.
Definition
Let denote the family of all finite increasing sequences of integers of odd length. For any sequence of real numbers and we define the quantity
James' space, denoted by J, is defined to be all elements x from c0 satisfying
, endowed with the norm .
Properties
James' space is a Banach space.
The canonical basis {en} is a (conditional) Schauder basis for J. Furthermore, this basis is both monotone and shrinking.
J has no unconditional basis.
James' space is not reflexive. Its image into its double dual under the canonical embedding has codimension one.
James' space is however isometrically isomorphic to its double dual.
James' space is somewhat reflexive, meaning every closed infinite-dimensional subspace contains an infinite dimensional reflexive subspace. In particular, every closed infinite-dimensional subspace contains an isomorphic copy of ℓ2.
See also
Banach space
Tsirelson space
References
Functional analysis
Banach spaces |
17327910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellman%20%26%20Friedman | Hellman & Friedman | Hellman & Friedman LLC (H&F) is an American private equity firm, founded in 1984 by Warren Hellman and Tully Friedman, that makes investments primarily through leveraged buyouts as well as growth capital investments. H&F has focused its efforts on several core target industries including media, financial services, professional services and information services. The firm tends to avoid asset intensive or other industrial businesses (e.g., manufacturing, chemicals, transportation). H&F is based in San Francisco, with offices in New York and London.
History
Founding
Hellman & Friedman was founded in 1984 by Warren Hellman and Tully Friedman. Before H&F, Hellman was a founding partner of Hellman, Ferri Investment Associates, which would later be renamed Matrix Management Company. Today, Matrix is among the most prominent venture capital firms in the U.S. Before that, Hellman worked in investment banking at Lehman Brothers, where he served as president as well as head of the Investment Banking Division and Chairman of Lehman Corporation. Tully Friedman was formerly a managing director at Salomon Brothers. In 1997, Friedman left the firm to found Friedman Fleischer & Lowe, a private equity firm also based in San Francisco.
Recent
As of 2011, H&F employed approximately 50 investment professionals, including 15 managing directors, 6 principals and 13 associates as well as senior advisors and general counsels. In August 2013, the firm acquired Canada's largest insurance broker, Hub International, for around $4.4 billion. In March 2014, the firm acquired Renaissance Learning, a firm providing assessment methods such as electronic tests that adapt questions in real time depending on how successfully the student is answering, for $1.1 billion in cash.
In February 2015, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman were putting together a takeover bid for used car company Auto Trader, which could amount to an offer of £2 billion. On May 18, 2017, Hellman & Friedman made a A$2.9 billion bid for Fairfax Media in Australia, starting a bidding war with TPG Group for the company.
In May 2016, H&F agreed to a deal to acquire the healthcare cost management company MultiPlan Inc. for about $7.5 billion.
In June 2018, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman were taking a controlling interest in the security monitoring company, SimpliSafe.
In February 2019, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman purchased Ultimate Software for $11 billion, an all-cash transaction. Ultimate Software has since been combined with Kronos Incorporated, and rolled into the brand Ultimate Kronos Group. In December 2019, Hellman & Friedman acquired AutoScout24, a European automotive digital marketplace, for 2.9 billion euros ($3.2 billion).
In 2020, Hellman & Friedman joined Diligent Corporation's Modern Leadership Initiative and pledged to create five new board roles among its portfolio companies for racially diverse candidates.
In July 2021, it was announced that Hellman & Friedman purchased At Home.
In November 2021, H&F and Bain Capital agreed to buy AthenaHealth for $17 Billion.
Notable holdings
A core element in H&F's strategy is investing in "growth" opportunities whether in an industry sector or a specific company. H&F invests in a variety of structures, frequently making minority investments with only limited controls. Additionally, H&F has taken a number of unconventional steps to finance and close transactions, including arranging and syndicating the financing for several investments including Getty Images and Goodman Global.
Since closing its sixth private equity fund in 2007, H&F has been active in making new investments:
DoubleClick
Goodman Global
Gartmore
Texas Genco
GCM Grosvenor
Nielsen Company
Nasdaq
Internet Brands
OpenLink
PPD
SSP Holdings
Web Reservations International (Hostelworld)
Investment funds
H&F invests through a series of private equity funds (structured as limited partnerships) and its investors include a variety of pension funds, endowments and other institutional investors:
1984 — Hellman & Friedman I
1991 — Hellman & Friedman II ($826 million)
1995 — Hellman & Friedman III ($1.5 billion)
2000 — Hellman & Friedman IV ($2.2 billion)
2004 — Hellman & Friedman V ($3.5 billion)
2007 — Hellman & Friedman VI ($8.4 billion)
2011 — Hellman & Friedman VII ($8.8 billion)
2014 — Hellman & Friedman VIII ($10.9 billion)
2018 — Hellman & Friedman IX ($16.5 billion)
2021 — Hellman & Friedman X ($24.4 billion)
Source: Preqin
See also
List of venture capital firms
References
External links
Hellman & Friedman: The Deal Journal PE Firm of the Quarter (WSJ.com, 2008)
Private equity firms of the United States
Companies based in San Francisco
Financial services companies established in 1984
Hellman family
AI based human capital management solutions |
20466147 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deer%20Lick%20Nature%20Sanctuary | Deer Lick Nature Sanctuary | Deer Lick Nature Sanctuary is a protected forest and gorge in Cattaraugus County, New York. The preserve is within Zoar Valley near Gowanda, and is managed by The Nature Conservancy.
History
Deer Lick Nature Sanctuary was created by a donation from Miss Evelyn Alverson to The Nature Conservancy in 1960 with a further donation of Deer Lick Falls by Herbert F. Darling. It was designated a National Natural Landmark in November 1967 for its mature hardwood forest and its gorges which highlight the Onondaga Escarpment.
As of 2005, the preserve covered , of which contain old-growth forest. The south fork of the Cattaraugus Creek runs alongside part of the preserve. In 2006 the preserve expanded via grants and purchases. There are of hiking trails open to the public.
See also
List of National Natural Landmarks in New York
References
External links
The Nature Conservancy: Deer Lick Conservation Area
National Natural Landmarks in New York (state)
Nature Conservancy preserves in New York (state)
Nature reserves in New York (state)
Protected areas of Cattaraugus County, New York |
44496868 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliniodes%20additalis | Cliniodes additalis | Cliniodes additalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by James E. Hayden in 2011. It is found in Mexico, where it has been recorded from San Luis Potosí.
The length of the forewings is about 14 mm. The forewing costa, basal and medial areas are brown. The medial area has some rust red scales. The postmedial and terminal areas are filled with reddish brown. The hindwings are translucent white, with a black marginal band. Adults have been recorded on wing in June.
Etymology
The species name is derived from Latin additus (meaning added).
References
Moths described in 2011
Eurrhypini |
44496888 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangarap%20Ka | Mangarap Ka | Mangarap Ka (International title: You Dreamed / ) is a Philippine afternoon television drama on ABS-CBN starring Piolo Pascual and Angelica Panganiban. It aired from March 22 to October 8, 2004.
Plot
A light drama with elements of action and adventure, "Mangarap Ka" marks a new direction for its makers ABS-CBN, which has created and perfected the teleserye genre over the years. Spotlighting the colorful sights and sounds of downtown Manila, "Mangarap Ka" is set in Quiapo, where we meet Oslec (Piolo Pascual), a street-smart young man whose life is about to be changed when he meets a lost young boy named Tikoy (newcomer Steven Christian Fermo).
Cast
Main cast
Piolo Pascual as Celso "Oslec" Macapinlac Jr./Dragon King
Angelica Panganiban as Catherine Sita "Cutie" Carter
Steven Christian Fermo as Tikoy
Supporting cast
Patrick Garcia as Tristan
Miles Ocampo as Pepe/Pepay
Rio Locsin as Jacqueline Catacutan Carter
Nova Villa as Zoila Catacutan
Nanding Josef as Samuel
Ilonah Jean
See also
List of programs aired by ABS-CBN
List of telenovelas of ABS-CBN
References
ABS-CBN drama series
2004 Philippine television series debuts
2004 Philippine television series endings
2000s Philippine television series
Television series by Star Creatives
Filipino-language television shows
Television shows set in Manila |
20466151 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levente%20Bozsik | Levente Bozsik | Levente Bozsik (born 22 April 1980) is a Hungarian former professional footballer who played for several clubs in Europe as a striker.
Career
Bozsik played for BVSC Budapest in Hungary, 1. FC Union Berlin, SC Fortuna Köln and FC Carl Zeiss Jena in the German Regionalliga and FC KooTeePee in the Finnish Veikkausliiga.
References
1980 births
Living people
Hungarian footballers
Hungarian expatriate footballers
Association football forwards
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Regionalliga players
Veikkausliiga players
Cypriot First Division players
Budapesti VSC footballers
1. FC Union Berlin players
SC Fortuna Köln players
FC Carl Zeiss Jena players
FC KooTeePee players
Anagennisi Deryneia FC players
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Finland
Expatriate footballers in Finland
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Expatriate footballers in Cyprus
Footballers from Budapest |
6899907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paley%20construction | Paley construction | In mathematics, the Paley construction is a method for constructing Hadamard matrices using finite fields. The construction was described in 1933 by the English mathematician Raymond Paley.
The Paley construction uses quadratic residues in a finite field GF(q) where q is a power of an odd prime number. There are two versions of the construction depending on whether q is congruent to 1 or 3 (mod 4).
Quadratic character and Jacobsthal matrix
Let q be a power of an odd prime. In the finite field GF(q) the quadratic character χ(a) indicates whether the element a is zero, a non-zero perfect square, or a non-square:
For example, in GF(7) the non-zero squares are 1 = 12 = 62, 4 = 22 = 52, and 2 = 32 = 42. Hence χ(0) = 0, χ(1) = χ(2) = χ(4) = 1, and χ(3) = χ(5) = χ(6) = −1.
The Jacobsthal matrix Q for GF(q) is the q×q matrix with rows and columns indexed by finite field elements such that the entry in row a and column b is χ(a − b). For example, in GF(7), if the rows and columns of the Jacobsthal matrix are indexed by the field elements 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, then
The Jacobsthal matrix has the properties Q QT = q I − J and Q J = J Q = 0 where I is the q×q identity matrix and J is the q×q all 1 matrix. If q is congruent to 1 (mod 4) then −1 is a square in GF(q)
which implies that Q is a symmetric matrix. If q is congruent to 3 (mod 4) then −1 is not a square, and Q is a
skew-symmetric matrix. When q is a prime number and rows and columns are indexed by field elements in the usual 0, 1, 2, … order, Q is a circulant matrix. That is, each row is obtained from the row above by cyclic permutation.
Paley construction I
If q is congruent to 3 (mod 4) then
is a Hadamard matrix of size q + 1. Here j is the all-1 column vector of length q and I is the (q+1)×(q+1) identity matrix. The matrix H is a skew Hadamard matrix, which means it satisfies H+HT = 2I.
Paley construction II
If q is congruent to 1 (mod 4) then the matrix obtained by replacing all 0 entries in
with the matrix
and all entries ±1 with the matrix
is a Hadamard matrix of size 2(q + 1). It is a symmetric Hadamard matrix.
Examples
Applying Paley Construction I to the Jacobsthal matrix for GF(7), one produces the 8×8 Hadamard matrix,
11111111
-1--1-11
-11--1-1
-111--1-
--111--1
-1-111--
--1-111-
---1-111.
For an example of the Paley II construction when q is a prime power rather than a prime number, consider GF(9). This is an extension field of GF(3) obtained
by adjoining a root of an irreducible quadratic. Different irreducible quadratics produce equivalent fields. Choosing x2+x−1 and letting a be a root of this polynomial, the nine elements of GF(9) may be written 0, 1, −1, a, a+1, a−1, −a, −a+1, −a−1. The non-zero squares are 1 = (±1)2, −a+1 = (±a)2, a−1 = (±(a+1))2, and −1 = (±(a−1))2. The Jacobsthal matrix is
It is a symmetric matrix consisting of nine 3×3 circulant blocks. Paley Construction II produces the symmetric 20×20 Hadamard matrix,
1- 111111 111111 111111
-- 1-1-1- 1-1-1- 1-1-1-
11 1-1111 ----11 --11--
1- --1-1- -1-11- -11--1
11 111-11 11---- ----11
1- 1---1- 1--1-1 -1-11-
11 11111- --11-- 11----
1- 1-1--- -11--1 1--1-1
11 --11-- 1-1111 ----11
1- -11--1 --1-1- -1-11-
11 ----11 111-11 11----
1- -1-11- 1---1- 1--1-1
11 11---- 11111- --11--
1- 1--1-1 1-1--- -11--1
11 ----11 --11-- 1-1111
1- -1-11- -11--1 --1-1-
11 11---- ----11 111-11
1- 1--1-1 -1-11- 1---1-
11 --11-- 11---- 11111-
1- -11--1 1--1-1 1-1---.
The Hadamard conjecture
The size of a Hadamard matrix must be 1, 2, or a multiple of 4. The Kronecker product of two Hadamard matrices of sizes m and n is an Hadamard matrix of size mn. By forming Kronecker products of matrices from the Paley construction and the 2×2 matrix,
Hadamard matrices of every allowed size up to 100 except for 92 are produced. In his 1933 paper, Paley says “It seems probable that, whenever m is divisible by 4, it is possible to construct an orthogonal matrix of order m composed of ±1, but the general theorem has every appearance of difficulty.” This appears to be the first published statement of the Hadamard conjecture. A matrix of size 92 was eventually constructed by Baumert, Golomb, and Hall, using a construction due to Williamson combined with a computer search. Currently, Hadamard matrices have been shown to exist for all for m < 668.
See also
Paley biplane
Paley graph
References
Matrices |
17327911 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hittitology | Hittitology | Hittitology is the study of the Hittites, an ancient Anatolian people that established an empire around Hattusa in the 2nd millennium BCE. It combines aspects of the archaeology, history, philology, and art history of the Hittite civilisation.
List of Hittitologists
A partial list of notable Hittite scholars includes:
Selim Adalı
Metin Alparslan
Trevor R. Bryce (born 1940)
Gary Beckman
Jeanny Vorys Canby
Yaşar Coşkun
Philo H. J. Houwink ten Cate (1930–2013)
Birgit Christiansen
Billie Jean Collins
Halet Çambel
Petra Goedegebuure
Albrecht Goetze (1897–1971)
Oliver Gurney (1911–2001)
Hans G. Güterbock (1908–2000)
Harry A. Hoffner (1934–2015)
Theo van den Hout
Bedřich Hrozný (1879–1952)
Sara Kimball
Alwin Kloekhorst
J. G. Macqueen
Gregory McMahon
Craig Melchert
Jared L. Miller
Alice Mouton
Andreas Schachner
Daniel Schwemer
Itamar Singer (1946–2012)
Edgar H. Sturtevant (1875–1952)
Piotr Taracha
Willemijn Waal
Kazuhiko Yoshida
Leonie Zuntz (1908–1942)
Lord Edwin E. Hitti
See also
History of the Hittites
Hittite language
Hittite grammar
Hittite phonology
Assyriology
Egyptology
References
Archaeological sub-disciplines |
17327915 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madness%2C%20Sadness%2C%20Gladness | Madness, Sadness, Gladness | Madness, Sadness, Gladness is Picture House's third studio album. It was released in 2003.
Track listing
Breathe
She
Pornstar
Everybody Loves My Girl
Lonely Like The Sun
Drink Talking
Gifted Child
Safe
Breaking In
Wishing On Stars
Keeping Mum (hidden track Of Course It Is)
2003 albums
Picturehouse (band) albums |
6899918 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20Yearly%20Meeting%20of%20Friends | Central Yearly Meeting of Friends | Central Yearly Meeting of Friends is a yearly meeting of Friends churches located in Indiana, North Carolina, Arkansas and Ohio. Central Yearly Meeting of Friends is part of the Conservative Holiness Movement, and originated in the Gurneyite wing of the Orthodox branch of Quakerism. Meeting for worship is programmed and led by pastors. It is an independent yearly meeting of Quakers, not affiliated with any broader associations.
Central Yearly Meeting of Friends was founded in 1926 by several meetings in eastern Indiana which were concerned that other yearly meetings of the Religious Society of Friends were trending towards liberalism in theology and practice.
Central Friends is associated with Union Bible College. Missionary work is sponsored in Bolivia.
An annual camp meeting is held near Muncie, Indiana, every August.
Members of the Central Yearly Meeting of Friends practice the traditional Quaker teaching of plain dress, part of the Quaker testimony of simplicity.
See also
Conservative Friends
References
External links
Central Yearly Meeting of Friends (Archived Website)
Central Yearly Meeting of Friends (Archived Website)
Union Bible College & Academy (Website of Affiliated Seminary)
Christian organizations established in 1926
Quakerism in the United States
Quakerism in Indiana
Quakerism in Ohio
Christianity in Arkansas
Quakerism in North Carolina
Quaker yearly meetings
1926 establishments in Indiana
Annual events in Indiana
Holiness denominations
Evangelical denominations in North America |
6899927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleialf%20transmitter | Bleialf transmitter | Bleialf transmitter is a facility of the Deutsche Telekom AG on the Black Man mountain at Bleialf, Germany for FM- and TV-broadcasting. It uses as antenna tower a 224 metre tall guyed steel-tube mast.
References
External links
https://maps.google.com/maps?t=k&ie=UTF8&z=18&ll=50.254722,6.359167&spn=0.001468,0.003616&om=1
Radio masts and towers in Germany
Communication towers in Germany |
17327923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poplar%20Point%20Light | Poplar Point Light | Poplar Point Light (Lighthouse), built in 1831, is an historic lighthouse in North Kingstown, Rhode Island. It stands at the end of Poplar Point, marking the southern point of Wickford Harbor. The lighthouse was built in 1831 with a stone keeper's dwelling and wooden tower. The light was deactivated in 1882 and replaced by the Wickford Harbor Light. It was sold at auction in 1894 and has been altered by later owners. The lighthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The tower is the oldest surviving wooden lighthouse tower in the United States, and the oldest in Rhode Island still standing at its original location.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Rhode Island
References
Lighthouses completed in 1831
Houses completed in 1831
Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in North Kingstown, Rhode Island
Lighthouses in Washington County, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Rhode Island |
6899929 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20of%20the%20Black%20Keys | The Clue of the Black Keys | The Clue of the Black Keys is the twenty-eighth volume in the Nancy Drew mystery series. It was first published in 1951 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual authors were ghostwriters Wilhelmina Rankin and Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
Professor Terence Scott travels to River Heights to consult with Carson Drew about the disappearance of another professor, Dr. Joshua Pitt. Mr. Drew recommends he discuss the matter with Nancy, as it seems to be more of a mystery than a legal matter. Terry Scott reveals that while on an archaeology expedition in Mexico, he, Dr. Pitt, and two other professors, Dr. Anderson and Dr. Graham, found a clue to an ancient treasure. They discovered three black keys made of obsidian and a stone tablet with a cipher engraved on it. The items and Dr. Pitt both disappeared the next morning. Only a broken half of one of the keys was left behind. Terry suspected foul play by a couple who had been working near the excavation site because they vanished at the same time.
While Nancy and Terry are at the airport, someone tries to steal the half-key from Terry's coat pocket. A Sergeant Malloy helps them identify the thief, Juarez Tino, but not until after he escapes on a plane to Florida.
Nancy asked her father's advice, and he suggests she talk to the other expedition members. Mr. Drew had drawn up Dr. Pitt's will and he confidentially tells her Terry is the sole heir, as elderly Dr. Pitt was unmarried. Out of caution, they want to be sure Terry is trustworthy. That night, a burglar breaks into the Drew home but is scared off. The black key, which Terry had entrusted to Nancy, remained safe in its hiding place.
Nancy and George meet with Dr. Graham, who clears away any suspicion by emphatically averring the integrity of the four expedition members, despite professional jealousies that might arise. Nancy learns that the evening of the attempted burglary at her home, Terry was knocked out in his hotel room and most of the documents from the Mexican expedition were stolen.
Ned Nickerson calls Nancy about attending a dance at Emerson College and asks if she could bring a fraternity brother of his who is scheduled to give a lecture at the college. Ned gives his name as Terence Scott and believes him to be about 60, when in fact he is only 25 and very handsome. Nancy thinks it's a good joke and doesn't reveal the truth to Ned. While en route to Emerson, Nancy and Terry stop for lunch and notice two men observing them intently. As they continue on their way, they round a bend and the car overturns when they hit a deep ditch. Someone had removed the warning signs from the road. After arriving at Emerson, Terry goes to the college president's home and Nancy asks Ned to ensure he is invited to the dance. Ned does so and is surprised when he meets Terry at the dance. Later Nancy learns that the morning of the accident, Bess and George had trailed a suspect named Wilfred Porterly and overheard a telephone conversation indicating plans to harm Nancy.
While at Emerson, Nancy takes a side trip and meets with Dr. Anderson, who tells her Juarez Tino came to see him a while back and offered to reveal the location of the cipher and Dr. Pitt for a price. Angry, Dr. Anderson threw him out of the office.
Nancy and Ned attend Terry's lecture on his Mexican expedition, which is very well-received by the Emerson students.
When Terry returns to River Heights, he is hired to translate an old diary as he is fluent in Spanish and Mexican dialects. The woman who hired him, Lillian Wangell, said the diary belonged to her sea captain grandfather. Due to its subject matter, Terry thinks the diary could yield clues to the ancient treasure connected with the cipher. Knowing of a past charge of fraud against Mrs. Wangell and her husband, Nancy consults a local genealogist who has records of many families in town. She confirms that neither of Mrs. Wangell's grandfathers followed the sea. Nancy urges Terry to be cautious and not to accept the invitation to stay at the Wangells' home. Mrs. Wangell had insisted the diary must remain at her home, so Terry uses a tiny camera Nancy lent him to photograph some of its pages.
Nancy makes tracings of some of the unusual drawings in the diary, and by overlaying them she discovers they form a picture of palm trees, a body of water, and a trail of footsteps.
Carson Drew receives a letter from a Caswell P. Breed in Baltimore claiming to be a relative of Dr. Pitt and demanding part of his estate. Carson Drew has other business to conduct in Baltimore and while there, he and Nancy visit Mr. Breed. They discover he did not send the letter; someone used his name as a ruse to get them out of town. When Nancy returns, she is unable to reach Terry at his hotel, and fearing foul play, goes directly to the Wangell home. The house is boarded up and while she is there, the Wangells depart in a taxi. Nancy circles the home and sees a distress signal of a handkerchief waving from an attic ventilator. The police arrive and they discover Terry imprisoned in the attic. He relates that Mrs. Wangell and Mrs. Porterly are sisters and are connected to the mystery.
Terry departs for Mexico to continue searching for Dr. Pitt. Nancy believes Juarez Tino and his wife and the Wangells are in Florida. She makes to plans to join a group of students Dr. Anderson is taking to Miami for a field trip to study the Indian tribes in that area. But Dr. Anderson tells her she must pass the same test his students are taking in order to go. Nancy studies diligently and answers all the essay questions except one. She is uncertain whether she will receive a passing grade. While awaiting the news, Nancy and Hannah hear fire engine sirens and discover a house two doors down is filling with acrid smoke. Nancy courageously ventures inside to search for a missing three-year-old. She rescues him and returns to the Drew home to find Juarez Tino leaving her bedroom with the black half-key. He had been responsible for instigating the neighbors' plight as a diversion. Nancy is able to wrest the key away from him but he overpowers her and gets it back, then trusses her up. As he pulls a handkerchief from his pocket to gag her, Nancy sees the key fly out but he doesn't notice it. He escapes as Hannah returns and finds Nancy. They search for the key to no avail. George and Bess arrive and George finds the key in the navy blue blanket Tino had used to further bind Nancy. The ringing telephone brings the good news that Nancy passed the test.
As the plane containing the students and Dr. Anderson nears Miami, it loses altitude and exhibits other warning signs after narrowly avoiding another plane that buzzed right by it. Miraculously, the pilot is able to land on an island. It is discovered that a cable broke during the dodging maneuver, and this jeopardized the plane's operation. The group later learns that the perpetrators expected this to happen and had deemed it a better method of attack than directly tampering with the plane.
Dr. Anderson give Nancy permission to work on a special assignment with a student named Fran Oakes: to look for a Florida Key known as Black Key. Fran's cousin, Jack Walker, has a motorboat and he takes them to visit a man named Two Line Parker, who knows the history of the Florida Keys. The fisherman tells them of the sinking of a ship called the Black Falcon near one of the keys. Nancy believes that is the right island but they know only its general location.
While investigating a vacant home the Porterlys had rented in South Florida, Nancy finds partially burned letters in an incinerator in the back yard. A scrap contains a mention of her name and the date of the 15th. It is currently December 13.
While motorboating among the Keys, the group sees Juarez Tino in a speedboat but they lose his trail. Nancy decides to return to the vicinity the next day. Dr. Anderson isn't able to go, but Terry Scott has arrived and he joins the expedition with Nancy, Fran, and Jack.
Making use of another clue she had found early, Nancy consults a local fisherman and learns of a group of five islands near a group of seven islands and a single island set apart. They head to the single island and while traversing it a plane flies overhead. The group fears they had been seen. They discover a hut in which Dr. Pitt is imprisoned but no one else is present. Jack and Fran leave to summon the police. Dr. Pitt tells Nancy and Terry the criminals had set a deadline of December 15 (the next day) for him to give them information. While they are talking, the Tinos and the Wangells arrive, having been alerted by the pilot. Mrs. Tino snatches the half-key Nancy is wearing around her neck after overhearing her say she has it. The criminals force Dr. Pitt to reveal information about the treasure by threatening to harm Nancy if he doesn't. He tells them it is in remote part of a jungle in Mexico.
Juarez Tino and Earl Wangell immediately depart with Dr. Pitt to travel to Mexico and search for the treasure, leaving Nancy and Terry in the custody of their wives. Nancy learns Mrs. Wangell is afraid of her husband and had been coerced into criminal activity. The police soon arrive and free Nancy and Terry, who set out for Mexico also, hoping to arrive before the others. Dr. Anderson and Dr. Graham accompany them, and they enlist the help of some Mexican policemen. The information from the diary helps them locate the trail leading to the treasure site. They stop and wait on the trail, and soon the other party arrives, with elderly Dr. Pitt nearly exhausted. They proceed on and Tino and Wangell are commissioned to dig at the site. A box is unearthed and the three keys fit the locks. Inside the box are several jewel-encrusted frogs made of silver, and a larger silver frog that contains an ancient green powder. Dr. Pitt declares the treasures belong to the government of Mexico. However, he fearfully believes the green substance is destructive and could wipe out civilization. Terry's research instead suggests that it has healing properties. Dr. Pitt listens to Terry's reasoning and agrees with his opinion. The four scientists are excited to announce their discovery to the world.
Characters
Nancy Drew- An 18-year-old girl that does the sleuthing in The Clue of the Black Keys.
Carson Drew- a lawyer, and Nancy Drew's father.
Terence Scott- also known as "Terry". Young Archaeology Professor of Keystone University that joined the exploring expedition in Mexico.
Dr. Joshua Pitt- One of the four members of the exploring team in Mexico
Dr. Graham- one of the members that were exploring in Mexico
Dr. Anderson- A Professor in Geology at Clifton Institute that also joined the exploring expedition in Mexico
Mr. & Mrs. Juarez Tino- A Mexican couple posing as scientists who witness the excavation of the cipher stone.
Mr. Wilfred Porterly- the Tino's helpers, they help torture Terry and Nancy.
Mrs. Irene Porterly- Wife of Wil Porterly and also known as Irene Webster, sister of Mrs. Lillian Wagnell
Mr. Earl Wangell- also helped the Tinos to threatened Nancy and Terry
Mrs. Lillian Wangell- wife of Mr. Earl Wangell, she was formerly Lillian Webster. She asked Terry to decipher or translate the old diary for her. (diary was stolen)
Ned Nickerson- a very supportive boyfriend of Nancy Drew.
Bess Marvin- friend of Nancy Drew, Cousin of George Fayne
George Fayne- friend of Nancy Drew, Cousin of Bess Marvin.
Mrs. Hannah Gruen- The Drews' housekeeper.
Mrs. Presscott- has records of the history of the families of River Heights. She helped Nancy and Terry trace disprove Lillian Wangell's claim that her grandfather was a sea captain
Caswell P. Breed- a man in Baltimore whose name was used to lure the Drews away from River Heights
Sergeant Malloy- police officer at the River Heights that helps Nancy and Terry
Officer Riley- an officer at the River Heights that help Nancy and Terry to find the Wagnells
Frances Oakes- also known as Fran. She is a student of Dr. Anderson.
Marilyn Maury- a student of Dr. Anderson and friend of Frances Oakes who joins the educational trip in Florida.
Grace James- a student of Dr. Anderson and friend of Frances Oakes who joins the educational trip in Florida.
Jack Walker- cousin of Frances Oakes in Florida that owned a motorboat, which they use for searching in Keys.
Mrs. Young- owner of rest house in Florida where Nancy and friends stayed.
Two Line Parker- a fisherman who knows about the narrow channels of Florida Keys and some of its stories and treasure.
References
External links
1951 American novels
1951 children's books
Children's mystery novels
Grosset & Dunlap books
Nancy Drew books
Novels set in Florida |
44496889 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artaxata | Artaxata | Artashat (); Hellenized as Artaxata () and Artaxiasata (), was a large commercial city and the capital of ancient Armenia during the reign of king Artaxias I; the founder of the Artaxiad Dynasty of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia. The name of the city is derived from Iranian languages and means the "joy of Arta" (see also; -shat). Founded by King Artaxias I in 176 BC, Artaxata served as the capital of the Kingdom of Armenia from 185 BC until 120 AD, and was known as the "Vostan Hayots" ("court/seal of the Armenians").
History
Antiquity
King Artashes I founded Artashat in 176 BC in the Vostan Hayots canton within the historical province of Ayrarat, at the point where Araks river was joined by Metsamor river during that ancient eras, near the heights of Khor Virap. The story of the foundation is given by the Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi of the fifth century: "Artashes traveled to the location of the confluence of the Yeraskh and Metsamor [rivers] and taking a liking to the position of the hills [adjacent to Mount Ararat], he chose it as the location of his new city, naming it after himself." According to the accounts given by Greek historians Plutarch and Strabo, Artashat is said to have been chosen and developed on the advice of the Carthaginian general Hannibal:
However, modern historians argue that there is no direct evidence to support the above. Some sources have also indicated that Artashes built his city upon the remains of an old Urartian settlement. Strabo and Plutarch describe Artashat as a large and beautiful city and call it the "Armenian Carthage". A focal point of Hellenistic culture, Armenia's first theatre was built here. Movses Khorenatsi points that in addition to numerous copper pagan statues of the gods and goddesses of Anahit, Artemis and Tir brought from the religious center of Bagaran and other regions to the city, Jews from the former Armenian capital of Armavir were relocated to Artashat.
Artashes also built a citadel (which was later named Khor Virap and gained prominence as the location where Gregory the Illuminator was to be imprisoned by Tiridates III of Armenia) and added other fortifications, including a moat. Given the city's strategic position on the Araks valley, Artashat soon became a center of bustling economic activity and thriving international trade, linking Persia and Mesopotamia with the Caucasus and Asia Minor. Its economic wealth can be gauged in the numerous bathhouses, markets, workshops administrative buildings that sprang up during the reign of Artashes I. The city had its own treasury and customs. The amphitheater of Artashat was built during the reign of king Artavasdes II (55-34 BC). The remains of the huge walls surrounding the city built by King Artashes I could be found in the area.
Wars against Romans and Persians
During the reign of Tigranes II, the Armenian kingdom expanded and conquered many territories in the south and west, ultimately reaching the Mediterranean Sea. Due to the remoteness of Artashat in the greater context of the empire, Tigranes built a new capital called Tigranocerta. However, in 69 the Roman general Lucullus invaded Armenia, defeated Tigranes' forces at the outskirts of Tigranocerta, and sacked the new capital. As the harassed Roman forces continued to move northeast in pursuit of the Armenian king, a second prominent battle took place, this time at Artashat where, according to Roman sources, Tigranes II was defeated once again. Artashat was restored as capital of Armenia in 60 B.C.
However, the city remained a hotly contested military target for the next two centuries. It was occupied by Capadocian legions under the Roman general Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, who razed it to the ground in 59 AD as part of the first, short-lived, Roman conquest of Armenia. After Emperor Nero recognized Tiridates I as king of Armenia in 66, he granted him 50 million sesterces and sent architects and construction experts to help in the reconstruction of the ruined city. The city was temporarily renamed Neronia, in honor of its sponsor, Nero.
Artashat remained the capital of Armenia until 120 when the see of power was moved to Vagharshapat during the reign of Vologases I (Vagharsh I) 117/8–144. After his death, the Romans led by Statius Priscus invaded Armenia and destroyed Artashat in 162 A.D. Archaeological excavations conducted during the Soviet era uncovered a Latin inscription bearing the full titles of the Emperor Trajan that was probably inscribed upon the governor's palace, dating back to the first quarter of the second century. Artashat remained one of the principal political and cultural centres of Armenia until 369 when it was thoroughly destroyed by the Sassanid Persian invading army of king Shapur II.
In 449, just prior to the Battle of Avarayr, the city witnessed the gathering of the Artashat Council, where the political and religious leaders of Christian Armenia gathered to discuss the threats of the Sassanid king Yazdegerd II. However, after losing its status as a capital to Vagharshapat and later Dvin, Artashat gradually lost its significance, though it continued to be a notable settlement for centuries.
In 587 during the reign of emperor Maurice, Artashat and much of Armenia came under Roman administration after the Romans defeated the Sassanid Persian Empire at the battle of the Blarathon.
The exact location of ancient Artashat was identified during the 1920s, with archaeological excavations beginning in 1970. The archaeological site is south of the modern city of Artashat, near the monastery of Khor Virap.
Soviet period and independence
The modern town of Artashat was founded by the Soviet government in 1945, 8 km northwest of the ancient city, within the Armenian SSR. It was given the status of an urban community with the merger of three villages, Upper Ghamarlu, Lower Ghamarlu, and Narvezlu.
The town grew gradually as an industrial hub during the Soviet period, mainly in the sphere of food-processing and building materials production.
In 1995, with the new law of the territorial administration of Armenia, Artashat became the provincial centre of the newly created Ararat Province.
References
Further reading
Former capitals of Armenia
Archaeological sites in Armenia
Forts in Armenia
Buildings and structures in Ararat Province
Ararat Province |
6899932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCI | TCI | TCI may refer to:
Finance
Travelex Confidence Index of UK international trade
Locations
Tenerife Airport (disambiguation), airport code of Tenerife International Airport (1964–1978), still used as a code for the island of Tenerife in general
Turks and Caicos Islands
Medicine
Target controlled infusion, a method of administering general anaesthesia
Psychology
Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) of personality traits
Theme centered interaction, a method for social learning in groups
Therapeutic Crisis Intervention, protocol used in residential childcare facilities
Religion
Taoist Church of Italy, a confessional religious body of Taoism in Italy
Technology
Tag Control Information, a data field in IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging
Organizations and companies
Tall Clubs International, organization of clubs of tall people in North America
Tele-Communications Inc., former US cable television company
Telecommunication Company of Iran
Televisione Cristiana in Italia, an Italian religious television channel
Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company, former steel manufacturer, Alabama, USA
Texas Correctional Industries, division of Texas Department of Criminal Justice, USA
The Children's Investment Fund Management, UK hedge fund management
Thistletown Collegiate Institute, a school in Toronto, Canada
Touring Club Italiano
Toyota Canada Inc.
Trans-International Computer Investment Corporation, a Sacramento technology concern that went bankrupt in 1971
Transport Corporation of India Ltd
Transportation and Climate Initiative, a proposed interstate compact |
17327928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maple%2C%20Bailey%20County%2C%20Texas | Maple, Bailey County, Texas | Maple is an unincorporated community in Bailey County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had an estimated population of 75 in 2000.
Geography
Maple is located along FM 596 in southern Bailey County, about southwest of Muleshoe, south of Lariat, north of Virginia City, and northwest of Lubbock.
History
Named for early settler Maple Wilson, the community was established during the early 1920s. At that time, local ranches were subdivided into farms. A post office opened in 1926. By 1940, Maple had a population of around 600 with six businesses. Throughout the latter half of the 20th century, the community slowly declined. In 1980, around 130 people lived in Maple. That figure had fallen to 75 by 2000.
Maple has a post office with the zip code of 79344.
Education
Since July 1, 2002, public education in the community of Maple has been provided by the Sudan Independent School District, which is based in the Lamb County city of Sudan. Prior to that day, the Maple-based Three Way Independent School District served the community and surrounding areas. The Three Way District began operations in 1945 after the Maple school district consolidated into it.
References
Unincorporated communities in Texas
Unincorporated communities in Bailey County, Texas |
44496890 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortilia%20parathicta | Tortilia parathicta | Tortilia parathicta is a species of moth in the Stathmopodidae family. It is found in India.
References
Stathmopodidae |
17327974 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maple%2C%20Red%20River%20County%2C%20Texas | Maple, Red River County, Texas | Maple is an unincorporated community in Red River County, Texas. It lies at an elevation of 377 feet (115 m).
References
Unincorporated communities in Texas
Unincorporated communities in Red River County, Texas |
6899950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd%20Railroad%20Depot | Lloyd Railroad Depot | The Lloyd Railroad Depot (also known as Bailey's Mill Station or Number Two Station) is a historic depot building in Lloyd, Florida in the United States. Built in 1858 by the Pensacola and Georgia Railroad, it is the oldest brick railroad station in Florida and one of only three surviving railroad depots in the state built prior to the start of the American Civil War. The Seaboard Air Line Railroad operated a local New Orleans - Jacksonville train on the line, making flag stops at the station, while the better known Gulf Wind passed through without stopping.
The building closed in 1966 after its owner at the time, the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, discontinued that local service and donated it to the Jefferson County Historical Society. A few years later, ownership was transferred to the Gulf Wind Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society, who own it to this day. On December 2, 1974, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The structure is located near the junction of SR 59 and Lester Lawrence Road. It is currently used as a post office.
See also
Old Gainesville Depot
Tallahassee station
References
External links
Places in Jefferson County at Jefferson County, Florida
National Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Florida
Railway stations closed in 1966
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1858
Seaboard Air Line Railroad stations
Vernacular architecture in Florida
Transportation buildings and structures in Jefferson County, Florida
1858 establishments in Florida
1966 disestablishments in Florida |
17328019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo%20Caputo | Ricardo Caputo | Ricardo Silvio Caputo (1949 – October 1, 1997) was an Argentine American serial killer during the 1970s who was known as "The Lady Killer". Caputo was born in 1949 in Mendoza, Argentina. In 1970, he moved to the United States and settled in New York City. According to his brother Alberto, Caputo was physically and sexually abused as a child.
Though he was not definitively linked to any murders after 1977, he remained a fugitive throughout the 1980s, and finally surrendered to police in 1994.
Incarcerated at Attica State Prison in New York, Caputo had a fatal heart attack in October 1997, at the age of 48.
Victims
Nathalie Brown, 19, Flower Hill, New York (1971) (he was declared mentally incompetent to stand trial at the time, then escaped from Manhattan Psychiatric Center on Wards Island)
Judith Becker, 26, Yonkers, New York (1974)
Barbara Ann Taylor, 28, San Francisco (1975)
Laura Gomez, Mexico City (1977)
Suspected victims
Devon Green, 23, Los Angeles (1981) - Caputo became a suspect in Green's death when a former coworker of hers spotted him on a crime show and identified Caputo as having worked at a Los Angeles restaurant where Green was a chef. Already imprisoned at the time this information came to light in 1994, Caputo was neither charged with nor admitted to her murder.
Jacqueline Bernard, 64, New York City (1983) - Caputo was a suspect in this murder but was never charged. A friend of the victim's, Linda Wolfe, published a book called Love Me to Death in 1998 in which she conjected that Caputo was Bernard's killer.
See also
List of serial killers in the United States
References
1949 births
1971 murders in the United States
1997 deaths
20th-century criminals
American escapees
American people who died in prison custody
American serial killers
Argentine emigrants to the United States
Criminals from New York City
Criminals of the San Francisco Bay Area
Date of birth missing
FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives
Male serial killers
People declared mentally unfit for court
People from Mendoza, Argentina
Prisoners who died in New York (state) detention
Serial killers who died in prison custody |
44496895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998%20European%20Road%20Championships | 1998 European Road Championships | The 1998 European Road Championships were held in Uppsala, Sweden, in August 1998. Regulated by the European Cycling Union. The event consisted of a road race and time trial for under-23 women and under-23 men.
Events summary
Medal table
References
External links
The European Cycling Union
European Road Championships, 1998
European Road Championships by year
International cycle races hosted by Sweden
1998 in Swedish sport
Sports competitions in Uppsala
August 1998 sports events in Europe |
6899952 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mystery%20at%20the%20Ski%20Jump | The Mystery at the Ski Jump | The Mystery at the Ski Jump is the twenty-ninth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1952 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Alma Sasse.
Plot
Nancy, Bess, and George follow the trail of fur thieves to New York and into Canada. While trying to catch the thieves, Nancy must catch a woman named Mitzi Channing who is using Nancy's identity. Nancy finds out that everyone who has been buying from Mitzi is in a dreadful trap.
External links
1952 American novels
1952 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Nancy Drew books
Children's mystery novels |
44496907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Naughty%20Otter | The Naughty Otter | The Naughty Otter is a 1916 British short silent film directed by American filmmaker Charles Urban. He made the film, probably as part of his 'Curious Pals' series of animal films while visiting England during World War I. It features an otter on a table up to mischievous tricks and ends up knocking over a bowl of water.
References
1916 films
British silent short films
British black-and-white films
Films about otters |
6899963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War%20canoe | War canoe | A war canoe is a watercraft of the canoe type designed and outfitted for warfare, and which is found in various forms in many world cultures. In modern times, such designs have become adapted as a sport, and "war canoe" can mean a type of flatwater racing canoe.
History
War canoes were used in Africa, Austronesia, Americas and Europe to transport troops and supplies, and engage targets onshore. While documentation of canoe versus canoe battles on the open ocean is rare, records from the 14th century mention various peoples of West Africa using huge fighting canoes in inland waters, some up to and carrying over 100 men. Construction of the war canoe was typically from one massive tree trunk, with the silk cotton tree being particularly useful. The inside was dug out and carved using fire and hand tools. Braces and stays were used to prevent excessive expansion while the fire treatment was underway. Fire also served to release sap as a preservative against insect pests. Some canoes had of width inside, accommodating benches for rowers, and facilities such as fireplaces and sleeping berths.
Warriors on board were typically armed with shield, spear and bow. In the gunpowder era, small iron or brass cannon were sometimes mounted on the bow or stern, although the firepower delivered from these areas and weapons was relatively ineffective. Musketeers delivering fire to cover raiding missions generally had better luck. The typical tactic was to maneuver close to shore, discharge weapons, then quickly pull out to open water to reload, before dashing in again to repeat the cycle. Troop and supply transport were the primary missions, but canoe versus canoe engagements in the lagoons, creeks and lakes of West Africa were also significant.
Canadian sport war canoes
War canoe is largely a Canadian sport, with some teams coming from the northwestern United States as well; it is not sanctioned by the International Canoe Federation but is nonetheless an important part of most Canadian canoe club racing programs. The term 'war canoe' is derived from large indigenous peoples' canoes intended for war, and war canoeing was in fact a popular sport in Vancouver, British Columbia before large gatherings of indigenous people were outlawed in 1922. War canoeing among indigenous communities is enjoying a revival today, although there as yet has been little interaction with non-indigenous teams.
A war canoe holds 15 paddlers including one coxswain, or cox, for steering. War canoe is sometimes referred to as C-15 on regatta schedules, with the 'C' standing for 'canoe'. The paddlers, 7 to a side and slightly offset from one another, kneel on one knee while paddling. The coxswain stands with their calves braced between a yoke on the back of the boat. Paddlers on the left will kneel on their left knee and vice versa, as in a Sprint canoe, and the foremost paddler, whether on the right or left, will set the stroke. Boats are most often constructed of wood, although some newer boats will be made of fiberglass. Races will typically be of 500 m or 1000 m. The paddles used can be made of wood, but carbon fibre paddles are becoming standard, as their reduced weight leads to improved performance.
War canoe is seen as a prestige event at regattas where it is held, as it allows a significant portion of a club's racing members to be in the boat at once and compete together. It is a large team event in a sport that typically focusses on individual achievements. Crews will be taken from the appropriate age range (e.g. Bantam, junior, masters, etc.), and races are held for men's, women's, or mixed crews.
Typically, a war canoe will be faster than a dragon boat over any given distance, because of a better hull shape (narrower and without the characteristic 'w' shape of dragon boat hulls), lighter construction, and the kneeling position allowing for a fuller, more powerful stroke than the sitting position used in dragon boats.
See also
Tomako
Pacific Northwest Canoes
Dragon boat
Sprint canoe
Canoe racing
Waka
Kakap
Swan boat (racing)
Nouka Baich
Chundan vallam
References
External links
Tomako - War Canoe - Solomon Islands
Canoes
Canoeing in Canada
First Nations culture
Native American culture
Polynesian culture |
23573937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Argentine%20Primera%20Divisi%C3%B3n%20transfers%20%282009%E2%80%9310%20season%29 | List of Argentine Primera División transfers (2009–10 season) | This is a list of football transfers involving teams from the Argentine Primera División for the 2009–10 season.
July–August (winter) transfer window
Argentinos Juniors
In:
Out:
Arsenal de Sarandí
In:
Out:
Atlético Tucumán
In:
Out:
Banfield
In:
Out:
Boca Juniors
In:
Out:
Chacarita Juniors
In:
Out:
Colón de Santa Fe
In:
Out:
Estudiantes de La Plata
In:
Out:
Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata
In:
Out:
Godoy Cruz
In:
Out:
Huracán
In:
Out:
Independiente
In:
Out:
Lanús
In:
Out:
Newell's Old Boys
In:
Out:
Racing Club
In:
Out:
River Plate
In:
Out:
Rosario Central
In:
Out:
San Lorenzo
In:
Out:
Tigre
In:
Out:
Vélez Sársfield
In:
Out:
January (Summer) transfer window
Argentinos Juniors
In:
Out:
Arsenal de Sarandí
In:
Out:
Atlético Tucumán
In:
Out:
Banfield
In:
Out:
Boca Juniors
In:
Out:
Chacarita Juniors
In:
Out:
Colón de Santa Fe
In:
Out:
Estudiantes de La Plata
In:
Out:
Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata
In:
Out:
Godoy Cruz
In:
Out:
Huracán
In:
Out:
Independiente
In:
Out:
Lanús
In:
Out:
Newell's Old Boys
In:
Out:
Racing Club
In:
Out:
River Plate
In:
Out:
Rosario Central
In:
Out:
San Lorenzo
In:
Out:
Tigre
In:
Out:
Vélez Sársfield
In:
Out:
References
General references
"Clausura '10 – Transferencias" Fútbol Pasión. Retrieved on March 6, 2010.
"Reforzados..." Olé. Retrieved on January 31, 2010.
"El Supermercado" Olé. Retrieved on August 16, 2009.
"La pelota está lista para rodar" El Día. Retrieved on August 18, 2009.
"Apertura '09 – Transferencias" Fútbol Pasión. Retrieved on August 20, 2009.
Specific references
2009-10
Football transfers summer 2009
Football transfers winter 2009–10
Transfers |
6899964 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redonda%20Beach | Redonda Beach | Redonda Beach or Praia Redonda in Portuguese, meaning Round, is a beach on the southwestern coast of Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, bordering the Atlantic Ocean. It is adjacent to Passeio Alegre, in Póvoa de Varzim City Center. The Avenida dos Banhos runs alongside the beach, and the Diana Bar beach library, a nightclub and Café Guarda-sol are located on the beach.
The beach has medium sand and little granitic gneiss, typical rocky outcrops on Póvoa de Varzim coastline, the largest concentration is Carvalhido outcrop, which serves as the north limit of the beach. Salgueira Beach is located to the North and the Port of Póvoa de Varzim to the south. These beaches have a specific climate, by showing low diurnal temperature variation, just 4 °C (= 7.2 °F). Compared with the rest of the territory, rainfall is significantly lower and solar irradiation higher. These are subject to the prevailing northern winds which arise in the summer after midday; hence mornings are significantly less windy.
History
The beach is historically known as Praia de Banhos, Portuguese for Bathing Beach, contrasting with the Fisheries Beach (used for fishing and with very fine sand), currently the Port of Póvoa de Varzim. it is the historical bathing beach of Póvoa de Varzim, that in the 19th century became the most popular tourist destination in Northern Portugal. Ramalho Ortigão, in the book As Praias de Portugal (The Beaches of Portugal), states that Póvoa de Varzim is the great hostel for the inhabitants of the Minho province, for sea bathing or breathing the Sea air, as the marine layer is occasionally propelled to the beach by the south and western maritime winds during summertime, leaving an intense aroma. Ortigão states that in that time no other beach had such diversity and popularity.
In 1844, the chapel of Saint Joseph was built in there, and there was a street known as Rua da Areosa. The street was enlarged and became the Passeio Alegre square and the chapel demolished by beautification of the beaches square. A new chapel was built on Avenida Mousinho de Albuquerque to replace it. However, in the 1930s, beach bars were constructed in the location of the chappel: Diana Bar and Café Guardassol, the later was, at first, a famed 1920s wooden building, causing local debate. In the 1970s, Café Enseada was built and, in the 21st century, a new wooden building, the Maresia Café.
References
Beaches of Póvoa de Varzim |
44496919 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999%20European%20Road%20Championships | 1999 European Road Championships | The 1999 European Road Championships were held in Lisbon, Portugal, in August 1999. Regulated by the European Cycling Union. The event consisted of a road race and time trial for under-23 women and under-23 men.
Events summary
Medal table
References
External links
The European Cycling Union
European Road Championships, 1999
European Road Championships by year
International cycle races hosted by Portugal
1999 in Portugal
Sports competitions in Lisbon
August 1999 sports events in Europe
1990s in Lisbon |
44496921 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliniodes%20inferalis | Cliniodes inferalis | Cliniodes inferalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by James E. Hayden in 2011. It is found in Costa Rica and the eastern Andes from the Valle de Cauca in Colombia to Peru (Junín).
The length of the forewings is 15–17 mm for males and 17–18 mm for females. The forewing costa is dark red and the basal area is grey with dark violet scales. The medial area is dark violet-brown and postmedial area is brownish violet. The hindwings are translucent white with a black marginal band. Adults have been recorded on wing in January, February and from May to November.
Etymology
The species name refers to the maculation that is darker than Cliniodes superbalis, from which its distinct status is inferred. The name is derived from Latin infera (meaning the lower world).
References
Moths described in 2011
Eurrhypini |
6899966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20City | Maximum City | Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found is a narrative nonfiction book by Suketu Mehta, published in 2004, about the Indian city of Mumbai (also known as Bombay). It was published in hardcover by Random House's Alfred A. Knopf imprint. When released in paperback, it was published by Vintage, a subdivision of Random House.
Awards
Maximum City was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 2005, and won the Kiriyama Prize, an award given to books that foster a greater understanding of the nations and peoples of the Pacific Rim and South Asia. It won the 2005 Vodafone Crossword Book Award. The Economist named Maximum City one of its books of the year for 2004. It was shortlisted for the 2005 Samuel Johnson Prize.
Adaptation
On August 2019, it was reported that Anurag Kashyap will be the showrunner of franchise films based on the book. It will be produced by Ashok Amritraj.
References
External links
Suketu Mehta's official website
Publisher Random House website
Interview with the Wall Street Journal
Lettre Ulysses Award Biography Page on Suketu Mehta
2004 non-fiction books
Books about India
Novels set in Mumbai
Indian biographies
Mumbai in fiction
21st-century Indian books |
23573938 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finn%20Atkins | Finn Atkins | Finn Rosanna Atkins (born 21 June 1989) is a British film, television and stage actress.
Early life
Atkins was born in Nottingham and grew up in the Clifton area, where she attended Greencroft Primary School, Farnborough School and High Pavement College. She has been a member of the Television Workshop since she was at primary school.
Career
Atkins' breakthrough came early, in Shane Meadows' 2002 film Once Upon a Time in the Midlands, in which she played Marlene, the daughter of Shirley (Shirley Henderson) and Jimmy (Robert Carlyle). Although opinions on the film were divided, everyone seemed to agree about Atkins' contribution. In The Guardian, Peter Bradshaw wrote of the film: "there is a cracking turn from Finn Atkins as Shirley's daughter… a bouquet is due." Whilst The Telegraph'''s Sukhdev Sandhu exclaimed: "Finn Atkins is superb as Shirley Henderson's whey-faced daughter."
In January 2009 she appeared as teenage prostitute Marissa in the BBC One soap opera EastEnders. She has since become a regular in Sky1's hit comedy drama 'Starlings' where she plays Charlie Starling; the football mad daughter to Jan & Terry Starling (Lesley Sharp & Brendan Coyle).
Filmography
FilmBale (2009) aka Haybales — Kelly; Elephant Gun Films Limited (director: Alastair Mackay)Eden Lake (2008) — Paige; Celador Films (director: James Watkins)This Is England (2006) — Skinhead Girl; Warp Films (director: Shane Meadows)Once Upon a Time in the Midlands (2002) — Marlene; Midlands Films (director: Shane Meadows)Better or Worse? (2000) — Rachel; Lifesize Pictures (director: Jocelyn Cammack)To Walk Invisible - The Brontë Sisters (2016) Charlotte Brontë (director: Sally Wainwright)
TelevisionTo Walk Invisible (one off drama) … Charlotte Brontë 29 December 2016Starlings … Charlie in all 8 episodes; 13 May - 1 July 2012, Sky OneMoving On … Stacy in "Butterfly Effect" (#1.5); 22 May 2009, BBC OneEastEnders … Marissa in eight episodes; 13–29 January 2009, BBC OneCasualty … Sammy Malone in three episodes:
"The Line of Fire" (#23.9); 1 November 2008, BBC One
"Farmead Menace: Part 2" (#23.2); 14 September 2008, BBC One
"Farmead Menace: Part 1" (#23.1); 13 September 2008, BBC OneDoctors … three episodes:
"The Fires of Midwinter" ... Sophie Wakefield; 7 January 2014, BBC One
"The Hex" … Penny Harvey; 24 April 2008, BBC One
"Iron Man" … Gill Davies; 13 June 2005, BBC OneHolby City … Pheona Allen in "Looking After Number One"(#8.39); 25 July 2006, BBC OneDown to Earth … Kate Cooper in unknown episodes; 2005, BBC OneState of Play … Kelvin Stagg's Girlfriend in one episode (#1.1); 18 May 2003, BBC OneDangerville … Finn in ten episodes; 7 January – 25 March 2003, ITV1Peak Practice … Sarah Lloyd in two episodes:
"Hit and Run" (#10.2); 12 September 2000, ITV1
"For Love of the Child" (#10.1); 5 September 2000, ITV1
TheatreWe Happy Few … Gertrude; Nottingham Arts Centre, 25–28 February 2009 (author: Imogen Stubbs; director: Ian Smith)Who is Jesse Flood … Carlton Junior Television Workshop (director: Alison Rashley)Measure for Measure … Nottingham Galleries of Justice (director: Ian Smith)
Music VideosRichard Hawley ... Tonight The Streets Are Ours (2007)
References
External links
Talent Agency KenMcReddie.com''
1989 births
Living people
British film actresses
British stage actresses
British television actresses
People from Nottingham
Actresses from Nottinghamshire |
6899971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSOP | SSOP | SSOP may refer to:
Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures
Shrink Small-Outline Package |
44496924 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chester%20A.%20Krohn | Chester A. Krohn | Chester A. Krohn (April 16, 1915 – October 18, 1996) was an American teacher and politician.
Born in Marshfield, Wisconsin, Krohn graduated from University of Wisconsin–Madison and was a high school teacher. He served as clerk of the Marshfield Board of Education. In 1941, Krohn served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was elected on the Wisconsin Progressive Party ticket.
Notes
1915 births
1996 deaths
People from Marshfield, Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
Educators from Wisconsin
Wisconsin Progressives (1924)
School board members in Wisconsin
Members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
20th-century American politicians
20th-century American educators |
23573940 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Love%20You%2C%20Beth%20Cooper | I Love You, Beth Cooper | I Love You, Beth Cooper is a comedy novel written by former Simpsons writer Larry Doyle. I Love You, Beth Cooper follows a high school graduate who confesses his love for a cheerleader during his valedictorian speech. The novel was made in a 2009 film of the same name, starring Hayden Panettiere and Paul Rust.
Plot summary
Upon graduation from Buffalo Grove High School, valedictorian Denis Cooverman states to the entire gymnasium that he's had a crush on cheerleader Beth Cooper for six years. During the speech, he singles out several members of the class including the class bully and a pretty but shallow party girl, and tells his movie-quoting best friend Rich to admit that he's gay. Denis' speech upsets everyone except Beth, who thinks it was "sweet", giving Denis the courage to invite her to a party at his house that night. After the speech, it is revealed that Beth in fact has a boyfriend, an off duty army soldier named Kevin who threatens Denis.
After his declaration, Denis' mother and father leave him and Rich alone at the house for their party, which no one attends, as they are social outcasts. Beth shows up in her tiny blue car with her friends Cammy and Treece (the group of three is known as "The Trinity") at Denis' house that evening. Things are awkward and become worse when Kevin shows up with his army buddies, and Denis and Rich are assaulted and Denis' house (the kitchen) is trashed. Beth and the Trinity help Denis and Rich get away.
Beth is meant to be a dream girl, but has glaring imperfections that shatter Denis' fantasy. Throughout the novel the real Beth shows that she is nowhere near the perfect girl that Denis has imagined.
They then travel out to Old Tobacco Road where Denis and Beth drink and converse about their roles in high school and why exactly Denis fell for Beth; he admits it was because she was pretty and he always sat behind her. Cammy, Treece, and Rich try to tip over a cow but fail miserably. The girls then proceed to tell a scary story to get the boys entranced then floor it. They eventually crash into Denis' parents car where his parents were having sex.
The group then heads to Valli Wooly's (the shallow rich party girl) party. Denis, feeling uninvited does not accompany the Trinity into the party but decides to enter in anyway later. After some mishaps involving getting hit on by a fat girl, meeting the ugly girl he once made out with, he is again confronted by Kevin. Kevin and his gang then proceed to beat Denis up in front of the entire party in the most humiliating fashion, pounding him to the beat of the song playing. Beth then crashes Kevin's Humvee into the house itself and the group escapes.
The group heads back to the high school where Beth, Cammy, and Treece show off their cheer leading act. After the act, the girls head to the showers and Rich and Denis follow. Rich immediately proceeds to enter in the showers with the girls but as Denis is taking off his pants, he sees Beth get out the shower. Rich and Denis fight off Kevin for a bit by using their wet towels to thrash them with; this they learned to do after a brutal beating Rich had in freshman year. The group escapes in Beth's original car which Kevin used to drive down to the high school from the party. After escaping, Beth reveals to Denis that she only came to his party because it would be "funny", leaving Denis disappointed. Denis gets a nose bleed and Treece gives him tampons to stick up his nostrils to stop the bleeding. Next, Beth tells Denis his shirt smells and forces him to take it off. Beth takes his shirt and holds it out the window to "air it off"; the shirt then flies out the window. They stop the car and Denis, in his underwear, goes to find his shirt, which he finds in a puddle of mud being eaten by a pair of raccoons. Denis gives up his attempt at retrieval and returns to the car in only his "lucky" (meaning holey) underwear. Beth lends him a poncho.
The gang arrives at Treece's father's cabin where they all share a drink. Beth goes out with Denis for a smoke and to watch the moon. They talk about their futures and the fact that Beth is resigned to the fact that her life after this is not going to get much better but that Denis has so many opportunities available to him. Back at the cabin Cammy and Treece imply that Rich is gay. He continues to deny he is. So they decide to test him. Cammy grabs a condom and they have sex, where it's revealed that he isn't gay but the two girls might be as the sex is mostly Cammy and Treece having sex with Rich just being a bystander. They all share what they plan to do once the summer's over realizing they are going to be in the same dorm with similar majors.
Beth and Denis talk about their plans after summer, and they make out. Beth breaks off before they go too far and Kevin and his gang show up again. After beating up Denis a bit more they are confronted by Rich who has a rifle belonging to Treece's father. However, before they can be driven off the rifle falls apart revealing that it was not functioning. Kevin then forces Denis to row a boat out to the middle of the lake. Denis hits Kevin with an oar knocking him out of the boat and unconscious. Denis, fearing for his college admittance, jumps over and rescues Kevin revealing that he is a champion swimmer. He pulls Kevin to shore and prepares to administer CPR. Kevin however, recovers and subdues him yet again. Before anything more happens, the police arrive. Fighting stereotypes of dumb teenagers Rich, Treece and Cammy had called the police. The police bring the whole group in. Kevin's father forgoes charging Beth with stealing his car if they don't charge Kevin with attempting to kill Denis. They are taken home. Beth is dropped off at an empty house. Beth and Denis share a moment where Denis promises to marry Beth if she isn't fat at their 10-year reunion. On the way home, Rich reveals that he thinks he might be gay. When they get home Denis's parents are there and inform him that he will have to be punished. After his mom goes in, Denis tells his dad it was worth it. His father tells him not to mention that to his mother.
In the conclusion, Denis grew seven inches in the summer and gained 40 pounds. Rich tried being gay and didn't much like being homosexual either and is waiting for the next thing. Treece and Cammy decided they were just good friends and they shouldn't drink so much around each other. Beth and Denis see each other a week before he intends to go off to school.
Film version
A film version of I Love You, Beth Cooper, starring Hayden Panettiere as Beth and Paul Rust as Denis, opened in the summer of 2009 to scathing reviews and quickly flopped. The film was largely faithful to the novel, but made a significant change by making Beth more outwardly responsive at the end to Denis' feelings for her.
References
External links
New York Times review by Mark Sarvas
Vanity Fair Q&A with the author
Entertainment Weekly review
American comedy novels
2007 American novels
American novels adapted into films
HarperCollins books |
17328047 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta.
History
Alberta's first energy regulatory body was created in 1938. A succession of agencies led to the new ERCB being established 1 January 2008, as a result of the realignment of the Alberta Energy and Utilities Board (EUB) into the ERCB and the Alberta Utilities Commission. The ERCB also includes the Alberta Geological Survey.
In October 2008, ERCB was named one of Alberta's Top Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc., which was announced by the Calgary Herald and the Edmonton Journal.
Alberta Energy Regulator
Alberta Energy Regulator is a corporation created by the Responsible Energy Development Act passed on 10 December 2012 and proclaimed on 17 June 2013, in the Alberta Legislature, operating at arm's length from the Government of Alberta, under an appointed board of directors headed by Chair, Gerry Protti and CEO Jim Ellis, appointed by Energy Minister Ken Hughes. On 17 June 2013, all regulatory functions previously carried out by the Energy Resources Conservation Board were taken over by the Alberta Energy Regulator.
Alberta Energy Regulator is "100 per cent funded by industry and is authorized to collect funds through an administrative fee levied on oil and gas wells, oil sands mines, and coal mines. The industry-funded model is commonly used by regulatory agencies from various sectors across North America." AER has "an annual budget of more than $165 million, more than "1000 staff working in 13 locations across Alberta." Alberta Energy Regulator "regulates approximately - 181,000 active wells, 27,800 oil facilities and 20,000 gas facilities, and 405,000 kilometres (km) of pipelines." AER also "considers some 36 800 applications for energy development every year."
In December 2012, the Responsible Energy Development Act passed in the Alberta Legislature. Alberta Energy Regulator is mandated under the Act, to direct and oversee "the orderly transition from the Energy Resources Conservation Act to the Responsible Energy Development Act. Under this act, the newly formed Alberta Energy Regulator, will "bring together the regulatory functions from the Energy Resources Conservation Board and the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Resource Development into a one-stop shop." The Alberta Energy Regulator is now "responsible for all projects from application to reclamation." They will respond to project proponents, landowners and industry regarding energy regulations in Alberta. The Alberta Energy Regulator was phased in during June 2013. Responsible Energy Development Act gave the Alberta Energy Regulator "the authority to administer the Public Lands Act, the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act and the Water Act, with regards to energy development." The Alberta Energy Regulator will enforce environmental laws and issue environmental and water permits, responsibilities formerly the mandate of Alberta Environment.
Gerry Protti, appointed by Energy Minister Ken Hughes, on 18 June 2013, as chair of the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER), that will regulate oil, gas and coal development in Alberta, was a former executive with Encana, the founding president of the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) and spent many years as lobbyist for the Energy Policy Institute of Canada. Jim Ellis, a former deputy minister in environment and energy, was appointed as CEO by the Lieutenant Governor
in Council.
In the past the Energy Resources Conservation Board and Alberta Environment conducted investigations differently. Alberta Surface Rights Group, the United Landowners of Alberta, First Nations, farmers and ranchers have expressed concerns about the streamlining of regulatory processes that may benefit oil and gas industries at their expense.
According to their brochure the Alberta Energy Regulator "ensures the safe, efficient, orderly, and environmentally responsible development of hydrocarbon resources over their entire life cycle. This includes allocating and conserving water resources, managing public lands, and protecting the environment while providing economic benefits for all Albertans."
Scope
The ERCB regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of oil, natural gas, oil sands, and coal, and as well as the pipelines to move the resources to market.
Regulation was done through two core functions: adjudication and regulation, and information and knowledge. ERCB approval must have been given at almost every step of an energy project's life.
Governance
To maintain its autonomous structure, the ERCB answered directly to the Executive Council (Cabinet) of Alberta through the Minister of Energy, but it made its formal decisions independently in accordance with the six statutes it administers.
Organization structure
The ERCB was led by a Board of eight people: a Chairman and Board Members. Supporting the Chairman and Board Members was the Executive Committee, and approximately 900 staff who worked in eight main branches:
Applications
This branch, made up of three groups, provided a streamlined approach to processing some 40 000 energy development applications each year. The Facilities Group handled project reviews, audits, and approvals related to new or modified oil and gas facilities, such as wells, pipelines, batteries, and gas plants. The Resource Group dealt with applications and issues related to development and conservation projects for oil, gas, and coal. The Business Operations and Development Group managed the coordination of administrative support, approvals development, planning, objections, and hearings.
Field surveillance and operations
This branch provided technical and operational expertise in the development, application, and enforcement of regulatory requirements for conventional and nonconventional resources. The branch ensured that oil and gas operations are conducted in a safe and responsible manner through incident response, resource conservation, protection of the environment, and industry liability management. Operating from Field Centres across Alberta, field staff inspected construction, operation, and abandonment operations at oil, gas, and oil sands facilities and respond to emergencies and public concerns on a 24-hour basis.
Corporate support
This branch incorporated several groups. Human Resources provides services and programs to ensure that a competent and committed workforce was in place to achieve ERCB goals and objectives. The Communications Group developed strategic communication, consultation strategies and delivers related media, Web site, and document services to keep staff and stakeholders informed about ERCB activities. Administrative Services provided building, library, and printing services.
Finance
This branch provided revenue and expenditure management and administration of the industry funding levy. In addition, staff coordinated the preparation of the ERCB's three-year business plan and performance reporting.
Information and systems services
This branch was responsible for ERCB information systems, support, and technological infrastructure, with a focus on new ways to deliver electronic commerce. Another core area was the collection and dissemination of energy resource information, including oil and gas production. This information was also used to determine provincial royalties, well records, regulatory publications, maps, and various energy databases.
Law
This branch provided a wide range of legal advice and services to the organization, with a focus on procedural fairness and objectivity. Its responsibilities included application and regulatory policy, hearings, proceedings, related internal and external consultations, and the formulation of energy regulations and legislation. The branch administered intervener funding and led a key advisory committee that advises the Board on decisions and policy matters.
Geology, environmental science, and economics
This branch maintained an integrated and current inventory of Alberta's subsurface energy, mineral, and other resources in a geological framework. It provided knowledge, advice, and forecasts about the states of earth-energy resource development in the context of Alberta's environment, economy, and society. The branch also developed and supported regulatory processes and best practices to conserve earth-energy resources, maintains environmental quality, assures public safety, and guides informed risk taking in regulatory and policy decisions.
Oil Sands
The Oil Sands Branch had overall responsibility for how the ERCB regulated oil sands activities in Alberta. The branch comprised the Mineable Oil Sands Group, which looked after oil sands developments that use mining recovery technology as well as bitumen upgrading, and the In Situ Oil Sands Group, which focused on developments using recovery technology involving subsurface or in situ recovery methods. Collaborating with other ERCB branches, the Oil Sands Branch took the lead on processing applications, conducting surveillance and enforcement of approved projects, and carrying out geological assessments as they apply to the oil sands.
In their 2012 report ECRB cautioned that oil sands operators failed to convert their tailings ponds into deposits suitable for reclamation in a timely fashion, as proposed in their project applications. "The volume of fluid tailings, and the area required to hold fluid tailings, continued to grow, and the reclamation of tailings ponds was further delayed." ECRB follows the industry wide directive, Directive 074, the first of its kind, which sets out the "industry-wide requirements for tailings management," requiring "operators to commit resources to research, develop, and implement fluid tailings reduction technologies and to commit to tailings management and progressive reclamation as operational priorities that are integrated with mine planning and bitumen production activities." The Government of Alberta is setting up a Tailings Management Framework to complement and expand Directive 074's policies to "ensure that fluid fine tailings are reclaimed as quickly as possible and that current inventories are reduced."
On 12 June 2013 the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo after many days of heavy rain, declared a state of emergency. The flood conditions lasted from June 10–18, 2013. It was the first of many communities to do so in Alberta during the 2013 floods. Wood Buffalo authorities organised evacuations from some areas and placed others in boil water advisories as local waterways, such as the Hangingstone River, rose to dangerously high levels.
Energy applications
An application was a request by a company for ERCB approval—in the form of a licence, order, permit, or approval—for an energy project. Most energy-related projects require ERCB approval. Each year tens of thousands of applications were reviewed and approved by the ERCB.
The ERCB also played a vital environmental protection role by reviewing flaring permits, oilfield waste disposal facilities, drilling waste practices, and emergency response plans.
ERCB approval for a facility or project was considered to be routine if an application was complete, there were no landowner objections, and the company applying had met all technical, safety, public consultation, and environmental requirements. The turnaround time for a complete and well-prepared routine application could be as short as one day.
Some projects required input from other government departments. The ERCB passed such applications to Alberta Environment, which handles distribution to other departments. This "one-window" approach meant that applicants did not have to go to each government department for individual review and approval. The general rule was that each government department checks that a specific proposal meets its own regulations and standards and then forwards any deficiencies or concerns to the ERCB via Alberta Environment.
Nonroutine applications took more time—weeks, or even months—to process if there were landowner objections, community and environmental concerns, or objections from competing companies. Objections to applications may also have been resolved through facilitation, mediation, or negotiated settlements approved by the Board. However, any unresolved matter or objection related to an application may have proceeded to an ERCB hearing.
Major publications
ERCB. 2011-06. "ST98-2011 Alberta’s Energy Reserves 2010 and Supply/Demand Outlook 2011–2020"
ERCB. 2011-04. "Big Reserves, Big Responsibility: Developing Alberta’s Oil Sands"
ERCB. 2009. "Directive 074: Tailings Performance Criteria and Requirements for Oil Sands Mining Schemes."
ERCB. 2008. "Directive 073: Requirements for Inspection and Compliance of Oil Sands Mining and Processing Plant Operations in the Oil Sands Mining Area."
Hearings
An ERCB hearing was a formal process that provided an important opportunity for different points of view about an energy project to be aired in a fair and orderly forum. A hearing allowed for an open, public testing of technical, environmental, social, and economic evidence from those involved. The process ensured that all relevant arguments for and against the energy facility project are heard.
ERCB hearings were held when the ERCB received an objection from a person who may have been directly and adversely affected by a proposed project. Applications filed may have created community concern or a need for more information; however, these matters were often settled through an Appropriate Dispute Resolution (ADR) process. When matters were settled through ADR or there were no public concerns and objections, there was no need for a hearing. The Board would also dismiss objections if the person does not appear to be directly or adversely affected.
The ERCB mailed a Notice of Hearing to inform people and organizations affected by an application about the hearing. The Notice of Hearing may have been published in daily and/or weekly newspapers.
Hearing notices were available on the ERCB Web site. Companies involved in large projects usually held an open house to explain their proposed project, answer citizens' questions, and address the community's concerns.
The Notice of Hearing provided interested parties with the following information:
date, time, and location of the hearing,
application number and nature of the application,
a contact for the company that filed the application,
ERCB information,
the due date for filing objections or interventions, and
a statement that all material relating to the proceeding is subject to Alberta's Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy legislation.
An ERCB hearing followed a formal process to ensure that everyone had a say:
Opening Remarks: The panel chair explains the purpose of the hearing and introduces the members of the panel and all ERCB staff in the room. Then participants in the hearing register an appearance, coming forward and introducing themselves.
Preliminary Matters: Procedural and legal matters are presented, such as adjournment requests or the scheduling of a specific witness at a particular time.
Applicant (Application): The applicant presents its case and may question its own witnesses. Then interveners, ERCB staff, and the Board panel may cross-examine those witnesses. Once cross-examinations are complete, the applicant may question the witnesses again to clarify any issues that arose.
Interveners: Interveners next present their cases in the same order they registered. After the intervener gives direct evidence, the lawyer for the applicant may cross-examine, followed by the other interveners who wish to cross-examine. ERCB staff and panel members may then cross-examine the intervener. Following cross-examination, the intervener is entitled to clarify any matters that arose.
Rebuttal Evidence by Applicant: Once the above process is complete with all the interveners and their witnesses, the applicant may submit additional evidence to address new points raised by interveners' evidence.
Final Argument or Summation: Each participant may provide an explanation of what he or she believes are the important aspects of the issues involved and what decisions they feel the panel should make. The applicant may respond to interveners' arguments.
Closing of Hearing: The panel chair announces the hearing is completed and that the decision of the panel and the reasons for it will be given at a later date.
Notes
References
External links
Energy Resources Conservation Board
Alberta Geological Survey Website
Alberta government departments and agencies
Organizations based in Edmonton
Energy regulatory authorities
Regulators of Canada |
44496928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortilia%20hemitorna | Tortilia hemitorna | Tortilia hemitorna is a species of moth in the Stathmopodidae family. It is found in India.
References
Stathmopodidae |
6899985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forever%20Pop | Forever Pop | Forever Pop is a collection of new (at the time) remixes of older Alphaville songs and singles. The people responsible for some of the remixes include notables such as Paul Van Dyk, Mark Plati, and De-Phazz.
Reviews
One reviewer had positive things to say about the collection, noting that most of the remixes "maintain the beauty of the original music," although one mix (the Eiffel 65 mix) is an exception: it strays "too far away from the original song while not adding anything interesting to win over the listener." Overall, the collection was referred to as "refreshing" and "stunning."
Track listing
"Forever Young (F.A.F. mix (album version))" – 4:58
"Dance with Me (Paul van Dyk mix)" – 3:54
"Big in Japan (Roland Spremberg mix)" – 3:42
"Romeos (Rewarped mix)" – 4:34
"Summer Rain (De-Phazz mix)" – 4:21
"Jerusalem (Georg Kaleve mix)" – 4:39
"Summer in Berlin (Cristian Fleps mix)" – 3:45
"Sounds Like a Melody (Staggman mix)" – 7:52
"Lassie Come Home (@home mix)" – 4:54
"Jet Set (Saunaclub mix)" – 4:55
"A Victory of Love (JAB mix)" – 4:30
"Red Rose (Mark Plati mix)" – 5:40
"Big in Japan (Eiffel 65 mix)" – 5:00
The F.A.F. mix is denoted as the "album version" to differentiate it from the "Diamonds in the Sun" mix, which was released exclusively to fans in the "Forever Young 2001 (Fan Edition)" release
The promotional-only single "Dance with Me 2001" was also released to accompany the album
Notes
1.http://www.answers.com/topic/forever-pop-1, All Music Guide
Alphaville (band) albums
2001 remix albums
Warner Music Group EPs |
23573942 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victims%20In%20Ecstacy | Victims In Ecstacy | Victims In were an unsigned rock band from Phoenix, Arizona who were active between 1998 and 2001.
History
Formation
Victims In were formed in 1998 in Phoenix, Arizona by Jim Louvau, Jared Bakin and Andy Gerold. Their style of music was, according to themselves, “New School Arena Rock”. They took influence from bands such as Mary's Window, Faith No More, Guns N' Roses and Plastic Princess. To stand out and differentiate themselves from other local bands in the area they often sported dresses and wore make-up onstage.
Discography
Chinese Pornography
April 2000 saw the band release their eagerly awaited debut album, “Chinese Pornography” to positive reviews.
Mark Matson of Sipping Soma worked alongside the band to produce the album. Both “Believe” and “New Taste” featured in the Top 10 (industrial/metal/new wave) on www.Mp3.com
In July 2000 VIE struck a deal with V&R distribution which made “Chinese Pornography” available in Best Buy stores across the United States.
Track listing:
1. New Taste
2. Injected
3. Nothing
4. Ass+Fuck=57
5. Believe
6. Fragile
White Box Therapy
Victims In spent most of 2001 at Sound Vision studios recording what was to be their second album, “White Box Therapy”, with producer/engineer Michael Beck. White Box Therapy was released in March 2002. This album saw Andy Gerold assume the position of drummer with Ken Bergeron taking over guitar duties.
Track listing:
Euphoria
Cold Again
Atmospheric Textures
sdrawkcaB
New Taste
Beautiful
untitled
White Box Therapy (Heroine)
White Box Therapy (Radio Edit)
Tribute albums
Victims In featured on two tribute albums.They appeared on “Mutations: A Tribute to Alice Cooper” where they did a version of “Welcome to My Nightmare” and on “Tribute of the Year: A Tribute to Faith No More” where they covered “Strip Search”.
Non-album tracks
Dresses, dolls & lollipops
Media
November 2001 saw them line up a sponsorship deal with Pepsi, which ran the song "New Taste" on radio ads for the company's energy drink Amp.
Live performances
VIE performed regularly at the Atomic Cafe in Phoenix. They performed at the opening of Phoenix club The Machine and while recording their second album, White Box Therapy, they were invited to play on the Preaching to the Perverted tour along with Pigface, Gravity Kills and Godhead.
VIE have also shared the stage with bands such as Linkin Park, Disturbed, KMFDM, Alien Ant Farm, Sinnistar, Guttermouth, Jack Off Jill, Life of Agony, The Genitorturers, Psychotica, Dope, Drain STH, Vanilla Ice, Pitchshifter, Primer55 and Switchblade Symphony.
On June 24, 2001, their concert was webcast by Hollywoodmusic.com.
Awards
1998 - New Times Showcase Award for “Best Industrial Band”
2000 – New Times Showcase Award for “Most Likely to Make it Big”
2001 – New Times Showcase Award for “Best Hard/Modern Rock”
2001 – New Times Showcase Award for “Most Likely to Make it Big”
2001 – Aim Award for “Best Fashion”
Band members
Jim Louvau– lead vocals
Andy Gerold– guitar, drums
Jim Kaufmann– guitar
Jared Bakin– bass, guitar
Ken Bergeron (credited as Ken Virii on Chinese Pornography) – bass, guitar
Danny Diaz – drums
References
http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2000-03-30/music/driven-to-ecstacy/
http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/1998-12-03/music/kind-of-a-drag/
http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2000-03-30/music/driven-to-ecstacy/
http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/2002-03-28/music/hello-goodbye/
http://www.mp3.com/artist/victims-in-ecstacy/summary/
http://www.thelyricarchive.com/album/609601/Chinese-Pornography
http://interlyrics.com/artist-lyrics/681171/Victims-in-Ecstacy
http://www.swaptree.com/CD/faith-more-tribute-tribute-year-various-artists/312605/
External links
Victims In
Rock music groups from Arizona
American industrial rock musical groups
Musical groups from Phoenix, Arizona
Musical groups established in 1998
Musical groups disestablished in 2001 |
6899996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JDS%20%C5%8Cshio | JDS Ōshio | JDS Ōshio (SS-561) was the only ship of her kind in service with Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force. Ōshio was planned and built to replace the aging JDS Kuroshio.
Background
In 1955, the Maritime Self-Defense Force received a loan from the US Navy for the Gato-class submarine USS Mingo and recommissioned it as the first JDS Kuroshio to begin the development (reconstruction) of the submarine force. Subsequently, by building the first Oyashio in the 1956 plan, domestic construction of submarines was resumed. In the subsequent First Defense Build-up Plan, from the perspective of arranging the numbers, the development of a small submarine (SSK) for local defense, which was modeled after the Barracuda class of the US Navy, will be promoted, and the plan for 1959. Then, the Yashio type, the Natsushio type was built in the 1960 plan.
However, these small submarines have serious restrictions on their snorkeling and surface navigation capabilities, especially in stormy weather, which has become a serious problem in submarine operations in the waters near Japan. In addition, since the US Navy had changed its policy to develop a large submarine such as the Tang-class submarine, the Maritime Self-Defense Force also decided to build a larger submarine (SSL) with excellent seakeeping. Based on this, first, as a substitute ship for JDS Kuroshio, only one ship was built in the plan of 1958.
Design
The design of this ship uses the same technology as SSK, and is expanded to almost the same size as the original Kuroshio.
Her ship type is an underwater high-speed nautical submarine similar to SSK. The hull structure is also based on the same double-shell type as SSK, but for slimming down, the rear part is a single-shell type and is a partial single-shell type. As for the material of the pressure hull, NS46 tempered high-strength steel (yield strength 46 kgf / mm2 / 451MPa), which was limited only to the frame in 35SSK, was fully adopted.
The propulsion system was a diesel-electric system, the propulsion device was a two-axis system, and the basic configuration was the system since 31SS. As a diesel engine, two V-type 16-cylinder Kawasaki / MAN V8V 24 / 30m MAL were installed. This is based on the 31SS V8V 22 / 30m MAL, with the bore (piston diameter) expanded to increase the output, and has since been followed up to the Yuushio type (50SS). [6].
For electric propulsion, two Fuji Electric SG-3 traction motors (1,200 kW) and two Fuji Electric SM-3 traction motors (1,450 horsepower on water / 3,150 horsepower underwater), and 480 SCB-47W main storage batteries (120). Group x 4 groups) was installed. The SCB-47W main storage battery is a water-cooled agitated fiber-clad lead battery similar to SSK (excluding Natsushio), but its life is longer and its discharge capacity is lower than before.
The propeller is the same 5-sho screw propeller (453 rpm) as before, but the airfoil has been improved and the material has been changed to aluminum bronze.
Equipment
The sonar arrangement is similar to the Natsushio-class, but for the hearing device (passive sonar), the JQO-3 is located at the bottom of the bow and the JQO-4 is located inside the dome at the front end of the sail. ing. As an active sonar, the JQS-3 was mounted on the bottom of the ship below the command post in a hanging manner, similar to the 35SSK. The periscope used to be a 10-meter type, but has been increased to a 13-meter type since the ship.
Six torpedo tubes were placed on the bow and two on the stern. All of these have a 533mm caliber, but the one on the bow side is the hydraulically fired HU-601, while the one on the stern side is the swimout type HU-201, which is used to protect the ship when evacuating. It was envisioned to launch a Mk.37 mod.0-N short torpedo (483mm diameter). However, this equipment method was evaluated as having limited effectiveness, and it is said that it was never used. The number of torpedoes installed was 18 for Mk.54 torpedoes and Mk.37 mod.0-N, and 6 torpedoes were installed at the rear.
Construction and career
Ōshio was laid down on 29 June 1963 and launched on 30 April 1964 by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kobe Shipyard. She was commissioned on 31 March 1965 and incorporated into the 1st Submarine Group 2nd Submarine.
On April 8, 1967, while moored in Kure, a short circuit occurred in the rear control panel room while charging the storage battery, and a fire broke out from a large discharge. At this time, the inner shell was partially melted and after that, it was operated with a limit on the dive depth.
From 25 January to 14 April 1969, she participated in Hawaii dispatch training.
On 26 January 1970, while she was surfacing in Hiroshima Bay, she came into contact with a small tanker (186 tonnes) and broke two propeller shafts.
From 22 September to 10 December 1971, she participated in Hawaii dispatch training.
She was decommissioned on 20 August 1981 and dismantled in March 1982. She allowed the media to film her inside the ship before dismantling.
Citations
See also
Submarines of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
Ships built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
1964 ships |
6899999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Ringmaster%27s%20Secret | The Ringmaster's Secret | The Ringmaster's Secret is the thirty-first volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in late 1953 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
1953 Edition: Nancy's Aunt Eloise, aware of her niece's current interest in learning horseback riding stunts, sends her a second-hand golden bracelet bearing charms of horses in all five gaits; a sixth charm is missing. Coincidentally, the Sims Circus, former employer of Nancy's equestrian instructor, is coming to town. Nancy investigates the link between the unhappy circus star, young aerialist, Lolita, and her bracelet. Lolita is the adopted daughter of the acting manager, Ringmaster Kroon, and his wife. Pietro, the young, handsome clown, tells Nancy Lolita has the missing charm from her bracelet. Nancy's regular appearances at the circus, and her detective reputation brings the ire of Kroon. When a bareback rider is injured, Nancy is asked to join the show as her replacement. Bess Marvin stands in at an interview with Kroon, and agrees to audition later, while Nancy lightens her hair and cuts it to resemble her friend. Nancy's travels with the circus come to an abrupt end when she and George are kidnapped and left aboard the car of a freight train. After their escape, Nancy continues following up on clues, including a mysterious woman in England linked to both the bracelet and Lolita! In the climax of the story, Nancy is rescued by Ned when Kroon tries to imprison her in the lion's cage, and all is revealed.
Commentary
This is the first volume that Harriet Stratemeyer Adams, manager and co-owner of The Stratemeyer Syndicate, is credited with writing in full.
1974 Edition: the story is a shortened and abridged version of the original, lacking detail in the subplots, and quickening the pace. Nancy uses a wig to resemble Bess, as well, since her hair is titian in the revision. The story is basically a simplified version of the original.
Book Club Edition
In 1959, this volume was the second in a series released as part of the Nancy Drew Reader's Club, nicknamed by adult collectors as "Cameos," so named in reference to the jacket and cover design elements of Nancy on a cameo pendant. Nancy is illustrated as mature, dressed in tailored clothes, in this series of book club editions with illustrations by Polly Bolian. The books featured eight internal illustrations on double pages, and a color frontispiece, which was also reproduced as the cover art on a paper dust jacket. The books removed prior- and next-book notices and promotions, and all other details that would serve to sequence the books. Nancy is shown as willowy, with short, wavy hair, and a more mature appearance than her counterpart in the regularly issued series of books.
Critiques
Adult book collectors and enthusiasts discuss and review Nancy Drew plot elements online. The premise of this volume is sometimes discussed regarding suspension of disbelief that Nancy is as skilled as a high-grade circus performer, and can easily enter the circus as a replacement performer. The original art was executed in 1953 by illustrator Rudy Nappi, and shows a poised and polished Nancy in a typical 1950s shirtdress with Lolita as Kroon discovers their escape. Artist Polly Bolian illustrated the same cover scene for her 1959 book club dust jacket and frontispiece, correcting the time of day to sunrise, and featuring Nancy in a smart suit with matching pumps and bag. In 1974, Nappi updated his art to a collage of the ringmaster and Nancy as a bareback rider in costume. An unknown artist executed less artistic internal illustrations showing Nancy and her friends wearing mostly bell-bottom jeans and t-shirts for the updated edition. This is the cover and text in print currently by Simon and Schuster.
References
External links
Nancy Drew books
1953 American novels
1953 children's books
Circus books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
44496929 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacifism%20in%20the%20United%20States | Pacifism in the United States | Pacifism has manifested in the United States in a variety of forms (such as peace movements), and in myriad contexts (such as opposition to the Civil War and to nuclear weapons). In general, it exists in contrast to an acceptance of the necessity of war for national defense.
Pacifist ideas
In early America religious groups such as the Brethren, Mennonites, and Quakers disseminated "antiwar sentiments...fostered by a growing colonial aversion to the carnage of the European imperial wars."
In the 1930s influential theologian Reinhold Niebuhr rejected overly idealist pacifism as "perverse sentimentality," in favor of just war.
In contrast to pacifism based on religious beliefs, some in the U.S. have opposed violent conflict on economic grounds, or for other practical, non-religious reasons.
U.S. Congress created the United States Institute of Peace in 1984 to promote international peace through education.
Wartime
War of 1812
The war ended in February 1815. New peace groups formed shortly thereafter: the New York Peace Society (est. August 1815) and Massachusetts Peace Society (est. December 1815).
Civil War
World War I
World War II
Korean War
The American Peace Crusade formed in 1951, in opposition to U.S. involvement in the Korean War.
Vietnam War
2001 Afghanistan War
Iraq War
See also
Peace movement in the United States
List of anti-war organizations in the United States
United States Pacifist Party
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (est. 1910)
War is a Racket
Pacifism in Germany
References
Bibliography
Published in 20th century
C. Chatfield (1971). For peace and justice: Pacifism in America, 1914-1941 (University of Tennessee Press)
L.S. Witner (1984). Rebels against war: The American peace movement, 1933-1983 (Temple University Press, Philadelphia)
1990s
R.C. Peace III (1991). A just and lasting peace: The US peace movement from the Cold War to desert storm (Noble Press, Chicago)
C. Chatfield (1992). The American peace movement: Ideal and activism (New York)
C. Smith (1996). Resisting Reagan: The US-Central America peace movement. University of Chicago Press
Published in 21st century
2000s
C.F. Howlett (2005). History of the American peace movement 1890-2000: The emergence of a new scholarly discipline Edwin Mellen Press, New York
2010s
(About the 1940s-1970s)
External links
Images |
44496966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold%20abscess | Cold abscess | Cold abscess refers to an abscess that lacks the intense inflammation usually associated with infection. This may be associated with infections due to bacteria like tuberculosis and fungi like blastomycosis that do not tend to stimulate acute inflammation. Alternatively, cold abscesses are typical in persons with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, even when infected with an organism like Staphylococcus aureus that causes abscesses with inflammation in others.
Signs of acute inflammation are absent, so the abscess is not hot and red as in a typical abscess filled with pus. Cold abscesses are generally painless cysts that may be subcutaneous, ocular, or in deep tissue such as the spine.
See also
Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis
References
Tuberculosis |
44496973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinu%20Udani%20Siriwardhana | Vinu Udani Siriwardhana | Vinu Udani Siriwardana (Sinhala:විනු උදානි සිරිවර්ධන) (born March 10, 1992) is a Sri Lankan actress, model and TV presenter. In 2012 she participated in the "Derana Veet Miss Sri Lanka for Miss World 2012" pageant and succeeded in becoming the joint winner for the title 'Derana Veet Miss Sri Lanka for Miss World 2012' with Sumudu Prasadini (the latter represented Sri Lanka at the Miss World 2012 beauty pageant).
Miss Sri Lanka for Miss World 2012
Error in calculation
Vinu won the 'Derana Veet Miss Sri Lanka for Miss World 2012' title at the official event held on 31 March 2012 at Blue Water, Wadduwa. On that day Sumudu Prasadini was chosen as the 1st runner- up of the beauty pageant. However, it was later revealed that a calculation error had occurred and on 4 April 2012, Sumudu Prasadini was crowned the winner of the pageant at a ceremony held at Galle Face Hotel, Colombo. It was concluded that both, Vinu and Sumudu would share the main title and that Sumudu would represent Sri Lanka at the Miss World 2012 pageant held in China on August 18, 2012.
In addition to the main title, Vinu also won the title 'Miss Talent' at one of the mini pageants held during the event and the title 'Sunday Observer Most Popular contestant' by receiving the highest number of public votes through the Sunday Observer newspaper.
Miss Tourism Queen of the Year International
Vinu also represented Sri Lanka at 18th Miss Tourism Queen of the Year International pageant, which was held in Nanjing, China and competed for the main title as well as two mini titles - 'Best in Talent' and 'Best National Costume'. At this competition, she succeeded in making into the top ten finalists in 'Best in Talent' and top 25 in 'Best National Costume' titles.
Acting career
Vinu started her acting career through the teledrama Pipena Mal playing the supporting role of Parami. But her most notable performance as an actress was the character "Tharumalee" in the teledrama Tharumalee and Wes teledrama. In addition to acting in teledramas, Vinu has also proven her talent through acting in several music videos.
Filmography
Personal life
Vinu is the second in her family with an elder brother (Sanu) and a younger sister (Ruvi). She is a past pupil of Anula Vidyalaya. Currently she lives in Dehiwala with her family. She is married.
Recently she was awarded the Nelson Mendala Peace Awards 2019. In addition, she worked as the host of the Friday Hada Redi Peya program. She also plans to write a book.She got married to an Advance level Economics and Business studies lecturer Mr.Kasun Liyanage on 28th August 2020
References
External links
News in Pictures
1992 births
Living people
Sri Lankan film actresses
Sri Lankan television actresses
Sri Lankan beauty pageant winners |
17328053 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay.
Qualified teams
First round
Nineteen teams were drawn into two groups of six and one group of seven. In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away. The top two teams in each group advanced to the Second round. Peñarol, the title holders, had a bye to the next round.
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Source:
Semifinals
There was one group of four teams and one of three. In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away. The top team in each group advanced to the Final.
Group 1
Racing and Universitario finished level on points, and Racing won a play-off 2-1
Group 2
Finals
Goalscorers
The top goalscorer in the tournament was Norberto Raffo of Racing Club, who scored 14 goals.
References
1
Copa Libertadores seasons |
44496994 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Football%20Club%20Social%20Alliance | The Football Club Social Alliance | The Football Club Social Alliance (FCSA) is a network of professional European football clubs that team up for social change on a global level. The FCSA runs international projects in crisis- and development regions, and projects in disability football within Europe.
History
The FCSA was established by the Scort Foundation, a politically and religiously independent non-profit foundation headquartered in Basel, Switzerland. The foundation was established according to Swiss foundation law on 27 January 2010.
In 2012, the Queens Park Rangers F.C. joined the FCSA's partnership programme.
In May 2016, the FCSA launched the young coach education programme in Jordan. In September 2017, the FCSA launched its programme in Lebanon in collaboration with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Lebanese Football Association. In March 2018, the 1. FSV Mainz 05 joined the FCSA's partnership programme.
Description
The FCSA aim to empower young people from conflict and crisis regions and work with disadvantaged children. Experts of the football clubs train these young dedicated women and men together with local aid organisations to become certified “Young Coaches”– football coaches and social role models.
Scort Foundation is responsible for all conceptual and organisational tasks, including the project management, fundraising and partnerships of the FCSA. The curriculum of the Young Coach Education programme was developed by Scort. Evaluations ensure that programme quality is maintained, and social impact is maximised.
Partners
FC Basel 1893
SV Werder Bremen
Bayer 04 Leverkusen
FK Austria Wien
FC Schalke 04
1. FSV Mainz 05 (since 2018)
Board of Directors
Gigi Oeri (President)
Pierino Lardi (Vice President)
Pierre Jaccoud
Claudio Sulser
References
External links
Official website
Basel
Foundations based in Switzerland
Sports charities
Organizations established in 2007
2007 establishments in Switzerland
Association football organizations
Charities based in Switzerland
Sports organizations established in 2007 |
44497011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patanotis | Patanotis | Patanotis is a genus of moths in the family Momphidae. The species of this genus are found in Sri Lanka.
Species
Patanotis harmosta Meyrick, 1913
Patanotis metallidias Meyrick, 1913
References
ftp.funet.fr
Momphidae
Moths of Sri Lanka |
23573947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%20agility | Dog agility | Dog agility is a dog sport in which a handler directs a dog through an obstacle course in a race for both time and accuracy. Dogs run off leash with no food or toys as incentives, and the handler can touch neither dog nor obstacles. The handler's controls are limited to voice, movement, and various body signals, requiring exceptional training of the animal and coordination of the handler.
An agility course consists of a set of standard obstacles laid out by a judge in a design of his or her own choosing in an area of a specified size. The surface may be of grass, dirt, rubber, or special matting. Depending on the type of competition, the obstacles may be marked with numbers indicating the order in which they must be completed.
Courses are complicated enough that a dog could not complete them correctly without human direction. In competition, the handler must assess the course, decide on handling strategies, and direct the dog through the course, with precision and speed equally important. Many strategies exist to compensate for the inherent difference in human and dog speeds and the strengths and weaknesses of the various dogs and handlers.
Competition basics
As each course is different, handlers are allowed a short walk-through (ranging from 5 to 25 minutes on average) before the competition starts. During this time, all handlers competing in a particular class can walk around the course without their dogs, determining how they can best position themselves and guide their dogs to get the most accurate and rapid path around the numbered obstacles. The handler tends to run a path much different from the dog's path, so the handler can sometimes spend quite a bit of time planning for what is usually a quick run.
The walk-through is critical for success because the course's path takes various turns, even U-turns or 270° turns, can cross back on itself, can use the same obstacle more than once, can have two obstacles so close to each other that the dog and handler must be able to clearly discriminate which to take, and can be arranged so that the handler must work with obstacles between himself and the dog, called layering, or at a great distance from the dog.
Printed maps of the agility course, called course maps, are occasionally made available to the handlers before they run, to help the handlers plan their course strategy . The course map contains icons indicating the position and orientation of all the obstacles, and numbers indicating the order in which the obstacles are to be taken. Course maps were originally drawn by hand, but nowadays courses are created using various computer programs.
Each dog and handler team gets one opportunity together to attempt to complete the course successfully. The dog begins behind a starting line and, when instructed by their handler, proceeds around the course. The handler typically runs near the dog, directing the dog with spoken commands and with body language (the position of arms, shoulders, and feet).
Because speed counts as much as accuracy, especially at higher levels of competition, this all takes place at a full-out run on the dog's part and, in places, on the handler's part as well.
Scoring of runs is based on how many faults are incurred. Penalties can include not only course faults, such as knocking down a bar in a jump, but also time faults, which are the number of seconds over the calculated standard course time, which in turn is determined based on the competition level, the complexity of the course, and other factors.
Agility obstacles
The regulations of different organizations specify somewhat different rules and dimensions for the construction of obstacles. However, the basic form of most obstacles is the same wherever they are used. Obstacles include the following:
Contact obstacles
Contact obstacles are obstacles made of planks and ramps, they require dogs to ascend and descend the obstacle and to place a paw on a "contact zone", an area that is painted a different colour. The height, width and angle of the planks and ramps varies by the organisation running the competition.
A-frame
The A-frame comprises two ramps that meet in the middle forming an A shape, the ramps vary between and in length, and between and in height at the apex.
Dog walk
The dog walk is an elevated plank with ascending and descending ramps at each end, the ramps vary between in length and in height above the ground.
Crossover
The crossover comprises four separate ramps that each ascend at an elevated platform in the middle, the dog must ascend and descend the correct ramps in accordance with the judge's course plan, the ramps are in length and the platform is between in height.
Seesaw
The seesaw, sometimes called the teeter-totter, is a seesaw, that the dogs walks the length of, the seesaw varies between in length and the apex between in height.
Tower
The tower is similar to the crossover except it has a plank, a set of steps to ascend and descend, as well as a slide for the dog to slide down, as with the crossover the must ascend and descend in accordance with the judge's course plan.
Tunnels
The tunnel obstacles involve tunnels of different designs that the dogs run or crawl through.
Open or piped tunnel
The open or piped tunnel is an open flexible tube; they are usually in diameter and between in length.
Closed, collapsed or chute tunnel
The closed, collapsed or chute tunnel is a tube of light fabric with a rigid end for the dog to enter; the entrance is between in diameter and long.
Hoop tunnel
The hoop tunnel is a tunnel constructed from eight PVC hoops approximately in diameter arranged in a frame to form a tunnel approximately long.
Crawl tunnel
The crawl tunnel is a series of low hurdles forming a tunnel long that the dog must crawl under, the hurdles are set between high.
Jumps
Jump (hurdle) Two uprights supporting a horizontal bar over which the dog jumps. The height is adjusted for dogs of different heights. The uprights can be simple stanchions or can have wings of various shapes, sizes, and colors.
Double and triple jump (spread jump) Two uprights supporting two or three horizontal bars spread forward or back from each other. The double can have parallel or ascending horizontal bars; the triple always has ascending bars. The spread between the horizontal bars is sometimes adjusted based on the height of the dog.
Panel jump Instead of horizontal bars, the jump is a solid panel from the ground up to the jump height, constructed of several short panels that can be removed to adjust the height for different dog heights.
Broad jump (long jump) A set of four or five slightly raised platforms that form a broad area over which the dog must jump without setting their feet on any of the platforms. The length of the jump is adjusted for the dog's height.
Tire jump A torus shape that is roughly the size of a tire ( to inside diameter) and suspended in a frame. The dog must jump through the opening of the "tire"; like other jumps, the height is adjusted for dogs of different sizes. The tire is usually wrapped with tape both for visibility and to cover any openings or uneven places in which the dog could catch. Many organizations now allow or require a so-called displaceable or breakaway tire, where the tire comes apart in some way if the dog hits it hard enough.
Other hurdles UKC agility allows a variety of hurdles not found in other agility organizations: bush hurdle, high hurdle, log hurdle, picket fence hurdle, rail fence hurdle, long hurdle, window hurdle, and water hurdle.
Miscellaneous
Table (pause table) An elevated square platform about 3-foot-by-3-foot (1-meter-by-1-meter) square onto which the dog must jump and pause, either sitting or in a down position, for a designated period of time which is counted out by the judge, usually about 5 seconds. The height ranges from about depending on the dog's height and sponsoring organization.
Pause box A variation on the pause table. The pause box is a square marked off on the ground, usually with plastic pipe or construction tape, where the dog must perform the "pause" behavior (in either a sit or a down) just as he would on the elevated table.
Weave polesSimilar to a slalom, this is a series of 5 to 12 upright poles, each about tall and spaced about apart (spacing for AKC was until it was changed in January 2010. The extra three inches was to relieve stress on the dog's back.), through which the dog weaves. The dog must always enter with the first pole to their left, and must not skip poles. Dogs have 5 distinct gait styles when completing the weave pole obstacle. For many dogs, weave poles are one of the most difficult obstacles to master.
Other obstacles UKC agility allows the following obstacles not found in other agility organizations: swing plank, sway bridge, and platform jump. NADAC also uses a hoop obstacle. A Hoopers course consists entirely of hoops, but hoops may be used in other courses as well.
Organization in groups
Although each organization has its own rules, all divide dogs into smaller groups that are close to each other in size and experience for purposes of calculating winners and qualifying scores.
History
The history of dog agility can be traced to a demonstration at the Crufts dog show in the late 1970s in the United Kingdom. Dogs were run around a course designed similar to horse jumping courses during intermission as a way to entertain the audience. It has since spread around the world, with major competitions held worldwide.
Agility as an international sport
Globally, dog agility competitions are regulated and run by the FCI and its member organisations and a number of national kennel clubs and sport federations. Rules of each organisation, titles and selection process of national teams that represent the country at prestigious international events vary slightly. One reason alternatives to FCI organisations started to emerge is that FCI is an international pure-bred dogs federation and most of its members have restrictions for dogs without pedigrees. Such organisation as USDAA, UKI and IFCS and their members have opposed that and created their own international competitions that do not restrict participation for dogs without pedigrees.
International competitions
Fédération Cynologique Internationale Agility World Championships, the oldest and best-known, is held every year. It had been held in Europe every year until 2013, where it is to be hosted by South Africa. The event was held as a European championship until 1995, then a world championship from 1996, and is restricted to registered pedigree dogs only.
The International Mix & Breed Championship in Agility (IMCA), first held in Italy in 2000 as a response to the FCI pedigree-only championships. The competition is held annually with about 18 countries participating, including teams from outside Europe.
The International Federation of Cynological Sports (IFCS), has since 2002 organized a biannual world agility championship open to any breed or mixed-breed dog regardless of pedigree. Since 2013 it has been gaining more and more popularity and has been held every year.
The Cynosport World Games, officially named in 2003, as the consolidated venue for USDAA's three tournament series - Grand Prix of Dog Agility, $10,000 Dog Agility Steeplechase and Dog Agility Masters Three-Dog Team Championship — and exhibitions and competitions in other popular canine sports. USDAA tournaments were opened to invited overseas participants for the first time in 2001, which led to establishment of USDAA affiliates in other countries where qualifying events are now held each year.
The European Open. An informal annual championships since its foundation in 2002, open to all dogs regardless of origins. It rotates around a small number of countries in central Europe, though attracting competitors from all over world, with 25 countries participating in the 2006 event. From 2007, the competition is held under Fédération Cynologique Internationale regulations, but still allowing dogs without pedigrees.
The World Agility Open Championships (WAO) — is an event organized by the UKI committee, that is gaining popularity with accomplished competitors all over the world. In 2019 participants from 39 countries were taking part.
Junior Open Agility World Championships — the biggest international event for handlers under 18 years of age divided into several age groups. Before 2019 it was called European Open Junior Championships. Takes place annually and is considered to be very prestigious among competitors all over the world. Along with European Open Championship is supervised by the FCI committee.
Training
Dogs can begin training for agility at any age, but care is taken when training dogs under a year old so as to not harm their developing joints. Dogs generally start training on simplified, smaller, or lowered (in height) agility equipment and training aids (such as ladders and wobbling boards to train careful footing), but puppies who learn quickly must be finished growing before training on equipment at standard height to prevent injury.
Introducing a new dog to the agility obstacles varies in response. Each individual dog learns at its own pace; confident dogs may charge over equipment with little encouragement, while more timid dogs may take weeks to overcome their hesitations with much encouragement. Both scenarios present their own challenges, as dogs may be overconfident and sloppy to the point where they have a serious accident and teaching the dog self-control becomes one of the goals for the trainer. Timid dogs need extra support to boost their confidence. Given the right encouragement, a timid dog can gain confidence through learning the sport. The size of the dog can also have an effect on training obstacles, particularly with the chute, in which smaller dogs are prone to get trapped and tangled inside. A trainer will take great effort to ensure that the dog is always safe and has a good training experience for agility so that it does not fear the obstacles, and instead performs them willingly and with enthusiasm.
The teeter-totter (or see-saw) and the weave poles are typically the most challenging obstacles to teach to a dog. Many dogs are wary of the see-saw's movement, and the weave poles involve behavior that does not occur naturally to the dog. Contact obstacles in general are challenging to train in a manner that ensures that the dog touches the contact zone without sacrificing speed. Whether for competition or recreation, the most important skill for an agility team to learn is how to work together quickly, efficiently, and safely. Dogs vary greatly in their speed and accuracy of completing a course, as well as in their preferences for obstacles; therefore, the handler must adjust their handling style to suit and support the dog.
Training techniques for each piece of equipment varies. The techniques for training the weave poles include using offset poles that gradually move more in line with each other, poles that tilt outward from the base and gradually become upright, wires or gates around the poles forcing the dog into the desired path, and putting a hand in the dog's collar and guiding the dog through while leading with an incentive. It also includes teaching the dog to run full speed between two poles and gradually increasing the angle of approach and number of poles.
Agility may be trained independently (for instance at home) or with an instructor or club that offers classes. Seasoned handlers and competitors, in particular, may choose to train independently, as structured classes are commonly geared towards novices. Seasoned handlers often instead look to seminars and workshops that teach advanced handling techniques, and then practice on their own.
Common reasons for joining an agility class include:
Access to agility equipment, especially the larger contact obstacles, which can be expensive, difficult to build, and require a lot of space to use.
Seeking the guidance and expertise of more experienced handlers.
Enjoying the social venue that many classes provide.
Training in a more distracting environment, which is helpful in preparation for competition.
In addition to the technical and educational training, physical training must also be done. The dog must be fit enough to run and jump without causing stress or injury to its body. The handler can also benefit from being physically fit, but with some handling styles it is not necessary to keep up with the dog (nor is it possible with very fast dogs). Being able to handle a dog from a distance allows mobility-impaired handlers to participate in the sport on par with mobile handlers. Research has also demonstrated health benefits to handlers engaged in dog agility.
Competition process
Competitions (also called trials or matches or shows) are usually hosted by a specific local club. The club might be devoted solely to dog agility, or it might be primarily a breed club that wants to promote the working abilities of its breed, or it might be a club that hosts many types of dog sports. The club contracts with judges who are licensed by the sanctioning organization and applies to the organization for permission to hold a trial on a specific date or weekend; most trials are two-day weekend events.
Key trial jobs
The club designates a member to be the chairperson or show manager, who is responsible for ensuring that the trial takes place, and another member to be the secretary, who is responsible for providing competitors with the show premium or schedule—a document that describes the specific competition, summarizes the rules, describes the trial site, and includes an entry form—receiving completed entry forms, sending out running orders, producing running-order lists for the day of competition, and compiling the results from the trial to send to the sanctioning organization.
The designated chief ring steward or ring manager is responsible for finding and assigning workers, almost always volunteers, to perform the myriad tasks involved in putting on a trial. For example, if electronic timing is not being used, each class needs a timer, who ensures that the dog's running time is recorded, a scribe, who records the judge's calls as a dog runs the class, and pole setters (or ring stewards), who ensure that jump bars are reset when they are knocked off and change jump heights for dogs of different sizes.
Competition locations
Agility competitions require considerable space. Each ring is usually at least 5,000 square feet (I.e 465 square meters); however, exact dimensions vary according to the organizations. Competitions can have anywhere from one to a dozen rings. The ground must be non-slip and level, usually being either packed dirt, grass, carpeting, or padded matting.
Competitors additionally need space to set up quarters for their dogs and gear. When space permits, competitors often bring pop up canopies or screenroom awning tents for shade. Dogs, when not competing, are usually left to rest in exercise pens, crates, or dog tents familiar and enclosed environments in which they can relax and recover between runs. Handlers also bring reflective cloths to protect their dogs from sun exposure and to calm them down (by covering their crates with the cloths). There also needs to be space for many handlers with dogs on leashes to move freely around the rings without crowding, and space for warming up, exercising, and pottying dogs. Adjacent to the site, parking must be available for all competitors. At weekend or weeklong shows that offer camping, space needs to be provided both for competitors' caravans and tents, and for the small fenced enclosures or gardens that they set up around them.
In heavily populated areas, therefore, it is uncommon to find real estate inexpensive enough to devote entirely to agility, so sites are usually rented for the weekend. Even in more rural areas, agility-only sites are uncommon. Popular locations include large parks, covered horse-riding arenas, and in cold-winter areas, large, empty warehouses in which mats or carpet can be laid.
Course design
Before the trial, each judge designs the courses that he or she will judge at the competition. The sanctioning organization usually reviews and approves the courses to ensure that they meet the organization's guidelines. Guidelines include such issues as how far apart obstacles must be, how many turns are allowed (or required) on a course, which obstacles and how many of each must appear on the course, and so on. The rules vary by level of competition and by organization.
Building a course and calculating times
Before each class, or the evening before the first class, course builders use course maps provided by the judges to place equipment on the course. The chief course builder is usually an experienced competitor who understands what equipment is legal, how it must be configured, how each must be aligned compared to other obstacles, and can direct several course-building volunteers to efficiently move the equipment into place. To make the job easier, courses are often marked in some way to correspond to a grid: for example, if course maps are printed on a grid of 10-foot-by-10-foot squares, the posts that hold the ring ropes marking the course's four sides are often set 10 feet apart.
When the course builders finish, the judge walks through the course and double-checks that the obstacles are legal, that they are placed where the judge intended, and that there are no unintended hazards on the course (such as potholes, uneven ground, or mud puddles) around which the course must be adjusted. For many classes, the judge then measures the path through the course to determine the optimal running distance of a typical dog. The judge uses that measurement with a speed requirement determined by the rules to calculate the standard course time, which is the time under which dogs must complete the course to avoid time faults. For example, if the course is 150 yards (or meters) long, and the rules state that dogs must run the course at a rate of at least 3 yards (or meters) per second, the standard course time would be 50 seconds. Other organizations, though, leave the decision on course time to the judge's discretion
Running a course and determining results
The judge often holds a briefing for competitors before each class, to review the rules and explain specific requirements for a particular course. For Standard courses for experienced competitors, the judge's briefing is often minimal or dispensed with altogether. For novice handlers in classes with complex rules, the briefings can be much longer.
The competitors then walk the course (as described earlier). When the walk-through ends, the gate steward or caller ensures that dogs enter the ring in the running order previously determined by the trial secretary and manages changes to the running order for handlers who might have conflicts with other rings of competition. As each dog and handler team runs the course, the dog is timed either by a person with a stopwatch or with an electronic timer, and the scribe writes the judge's calls and the dog's final time on a scribe sheet or ticket, which is then taken to the score table for recording.
At the score table, scorekeepers compile the results in a variety of ways. Some organizations require or encourage computerized scorekeeping, while others require certain types of manual score sheets to be filled out. When all the dogs in a given height group, level, and class have run, the score table compares run times, faults, and any other requirements to determine placements (and, for classes that provide qualifying points towards titles, which dogs earned qualifying scores).
Each ring might run several classes during a day of competition, requiring multiple course builds, walk-throughs, and briefings.
Awards and titles
Awards are usually given for placements and for qualifying scores. Such awards are often flat ribbons, rosettes, commemorative plaques, trophies, medals, or pins. Some clubs award high-in-trial awards, calculated in various ways, or other special awards for the trial. Dogs who complete their final qualifying scores to become agility champions are often presented with special awards.
Many Kennel Clubs also award titles to those who manage to qualify enough times in a particular level. Most clubs require three qualifying scores in any level to get the corresponding title, however, other clubs may require more or less.
In the United States in most sanctioning organizations, there are a variety of titles that a dog and handler can earn by accruing sufficient qualifying runs—also called legs—that is, runs that have no more than a certain number of faults (typically none) and are faster than the maximum standard course time (SCT).
For example, under USDAA rules, a dog can earn novice-level titles in Standard, Jumpers, Gamblers, Snooker, and Pairs Relay classes by earning three qualifying runs in each of the classes. The dog can also earn intermediate-level titles and masters-level titles in the same classes. After earning all of the masters-level titles—five qualifying runs in each, with some that must be in the top 15% of dogs competing at each trial—the dog earns its Championship.
Other organizations have similar schemes; in AKC, to earn the Championship, the dog's qualifying runs must be earned two at a time on the same day. In NADAC, the quantity of qualifying runs is much larger; and so on. Most champion titles have "CH" in the title: NATCH (NADAC Agility Trial Champion), ADCH (Agility Dog Champion for USDAA), CATCH (CPE Agility Trial Champion), MACH (Master Agility Champion for AKC), TACH (Teacup Agility Champion), ATCH (ASCA Agility Trial Champion) and so on.
Injuries
Surveys of handlers indicates that between 32% and 41.7% of dogs incur injuries from agility related activities. The most common types of injuries were (in order) strains, sprains and contusions. Locations most commonly injured were shoulders, iliopsoas muscle, digits and lumbar spine/lumbosacral area. Border Collies are more likely to be injured than other breeds. Injury rate is reported to vary by country, with Australia reporting the highest percentage of injuries and the United States reporting the lowest percentage of injuries. Injuries were most commonly perceived as being caused by interactions with bar jumps (contact), A-frames and dog walk obstacles (contact and/or fall). There were no relationship between the use of warm-up and cool-down exercises and injuries.
See also
Championship (dog)
Dock jumping
List of United Kingdom dog agility champions
Rat agility
Show jumping
References
Citations
Bibliography
External links
Agility Association of Canada (AAC)
AKC Rules and Regulations
CPE Rules and Regulations
Dog sports
Dog equipment |
44497051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku%20Park | Suku Park | Suck-Woo Park (born 1947), also known as Suku Park , is a South Korean contemporary ceramic artist and a council member of the International Academy of Ceramics (IAC).
Early life and education
Park was born in Seoul in 1947 and attended the Fine Arts College of the Seoul National University in South Korea (1966–1970) before moving to Stockholm, Sweden in 1974 to graduate from the Swedish State School of Arts & Design (Konstfack).
Work
In early 1980s Suku Park was the art director for Pentik and lived with his family in Posio, Finland. He worked there 1984-1987 and has since his international career returned to Posio in 2011. In 1984 Suku Park moved his studio and his family to Espoo, and later in 1997 was one of the first members of Onoma (The Cooperative of Artisans, Designers and Artists in Fiskars).
Park's international career began from Posio and he has since exhibited in multiple countries with collections amongst others in the Nationalmuseum in Stockholm, Museum of Painting and Sculpture in Istanbul and Musée Ariana in Geneva. Park was a professor at Sangmyung University in Seoul, South Korea from early 2000 and has since moved back to Finland and Lapland where he lives and works.
On Posio and living in Finland affecting his work, Park stated that "My language of form and expression is not Korean, but a reaction inside myself to form things with my own hands in order to give an object its own character. When I'm designing I'm thinking function, but I'm thinking humour too". He continues that his works is influenced by the environment and was fascinated with Posio and the focus he could have there.
Park is the council member of IAC in Geneva, Switzerland, member of Konsthantverkarna, Stockholm, Sweden, Ceramic Group Kuusi, Finland.
Exhibitions
Park's selected solo exhibitions include: Anthony Shaw Gallery, London, United Kingdom (1978); Lotte Gallery, Seoul, South Korea (1980); Retretti Art Center, Retretti, Finland (1985); Illums Bolighus, Copenhagen, Denmark (1985); Norway Design Center, Oslo, Norway (1985); Konsthantverkarna, Stockholm, Sweden (1986, 1989); Andrew Shire Gallery, Los Angeles, United States (1990); Mikimoto Art Hall, Ginza, Tokyo, Japan (1989, 1992); SSamjigil Seoul, South Korea; Gallery Park Ryusook Seoul, South Korea; Reuchinhaus, Pforzheim, Germany and Galerie Marian Heller Sandhausen, Germany; Mokkumto Gallery, Seoul, South Korea; and Tong-in Gallery, New York City, United States.
Collections
Park's contemporary ceramic art pieces are held at:
The Victoria and Albert Museum, London, United Kingdom
The British Crafts Council, London, United Kingdom
National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, Sweden
National Museum Of Contemporary Art, Seoul, South Korea
Malmö Museum, Malmo, Sweden
Röhsska Museum, Gothenburg, Sweden
Museum Of Painting and Sculpture, Istanbul, Turkey
Musée Ariana, Geneva, Switzerland
Museum of Decorative Art, Prague, Czech Republic
Museum of International Ceramics, Bechyne, Czech Republic
Museum of Porcelain, Loket, Czech Republic
Iris Collection, Porvoo, Finland
Coffee Cup Museum, Posio, Finland
Youngone Plaza, Seoul, South Korea
Total Museum, Seoul, South Korea
Daeyoo Cultural Foundation, South Korea
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada
Ceramic and Glass Gallery, Waterloo, Canada
References
External links
Official Website
Gallery Marianne Heller, Suku Park exhibition
Kouvola.fi: Dialogue: Anu Pentik and Suku Park
Yourlapland.com: Dialogue: Anu Pentik and Suku Park
Tong-In Gallery, New York, Suku Park profile
"Amazon: International Competition - Fifth World Ceramic Biennale 2009 Korea, Introduction by Suku Park
Arctic Clay, Auction 2014
1947 births
Living people
South Korean artists
Seoul National University alumni
South Korean expatriates in Finland |
6900001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photochemical%20and%20Photobiological%20Sciences | Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences | Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all areas of photochemistry and photobiology. It is published monthly by Springer Nature and is the official journal of the European Photochemistry Association, European Society for Photobiology, Asia and Oceania Society for Photobiology, and the Korean Society of Photoscience. The editors-in-chief are Dario Bassani and Santi Nonell. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 2.235.
Owner societies
The journal is co-owned by the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology, and is affiliated with the Asia and Oceania Society for Photobiology and the Korean Society of Photoscience.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Chemical Abstracts Service
PubMed/MEDLINE
Science Citation Index
Scopus
See also
Chemical biology
References
External links
European Photochemistry Association
European Society for Photobiology
Asia and Oceania Society for Photobiology
Korean Society of Photoscience
Chemistry journals
Biology journals
Royal Society of Chemistry academic journals
Publications established in 2002
Monthly journals
English-language journals |
20466156 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Campeonato%20Ecuatoriano%20de%20F%C3%BAtbol%20Serie%20A | 2009 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A | The 2009 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol de la Serie A was the 51st season of the Serie A, Ecuador's premier football league. The season began on January 31 and ended on December 7. Deportivo Quito successfully defended their title for their fourth overall.
Owing to a change in sponsorship from Pilsener to Credife, the tournament will be called the Copa Credife Serie A for the next three years until 2011.
Format
For 2009, a new format was introduced and approved by Ecuadorian Football Federation. The new tournament was divided into four stages, as opposed to the usual three. All matches were scheduled to be played on Sundays, but some were moved at the clubs' requests.
The First Stage was a double round-robin tournament in which the twelve teams played against each other teams twice: once at home and once away. At the end of the stage, the top-four teams with the most points qualified to the Third Stage; the top three earned bonus points (3, 2, & 1 respectively). The top-two teams also qualified to the 2009 Copa Sudamericana.
In the Second Stage, the teams were divided into two groups of six. Groups were formed by draw, but did not have no more than one team from each provincial organization (the exception being Pichincha). The teams played within their groups in a double round-robin tournament and in a local derby (). The derbies were played on the third and seventh match day of the stage.
Clásicos
Pichincha team 1 vs. Pichincha team 3
Pichincha team 2 vs. Pichincha team 4
Guayas team 1 vs. Guayas team 2
Manabí team 1 vs. Manabí team 2
Tungurahua team 1 vs. Tungurahua team 2
Azuay team vs. Chimborazo team
At the end of this stage, the two-top teams from each group qualified to the Third Stage; the top team in each group earned one bonus point for the Third Stage. The two teams with the fewest points in the First and Second Stage aggregate table were relegated to the Serie B for the next season.
In the Third Stage, the eight qualified teams were placed into two groups of four depending on their position on the aggregate table.
Group 1: 1st, 4th, 5th, 8th
Group 2: 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 7th
The top two teams from each group will advance to the Fourth Stage.
The Fourth Stage will consist of two head-to-head match-ups: one by the top-finisher of each group in the Third Stage, and the other by the runners-up. The match between the top finishers in the Third Stage will determine the national champion; the other will determine who finished third and fourth. The national champion, runner-up, and third-place finisher will each have a berth in the 2010 Copa Libertadores. The Ecuador 1 berth will go to the national champion, Ecuador 2 will go to the runner-up, and Ecuador 3 to the third-place finisher.
Teams
Twelve teams competed in the 2009 Serie A season, ten of whom remained from the 2008 season. Deportivo Azogues and Universidad Católica were relegated last season to the Serie B after accumulating the fewest points in the First and Second Stage aggregate table. They were replaced by Manta and LDU Portoviejo, the 2008 Serie B winner and runner-up, respectively. This was Manta's second spell and second season in the Serie A, having previously played in the 2003 season. LDU Portoviejo were playing in their 22nd season in the league. Their last appearance was in 2001.
Managerial changes
First stage
The first stage ran from January 31 to July 12. The top-two teams qualified to the 2009 Copa Sudamericana. The top-four teams qualified to the Third Stage.
Standings
Results
Second stage
The Second Stage began on July 19 and ended on October 3. The top-two teams from each group qualified to the Third Stage.
Group 1
Standings
Results
Group 2
Standings
Results
Inter-group clásicos
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width=250| Home Team
!width=50| Results
!width=250| Away Team
|-
!colspan=3| El Clásico del Astillero
|-
|-
|-
!colspan=3| El Clásico Capitalino
|-
|-
|-
!colspan=3| El Clásico de las Fuerzas del Orden
|-
|-
|-
!colspan=3| El Clásico Manabita
|-
|-
|-
!colspan=3| El Clásico Ambateño
|-
|-
|-
!colspan=3| El Clásico del Austro
|-
|-
Source:1. The match was played at Estadio Monumental Banco Pichincha in Guayaquil.Colours: Blue=home team win; Yellow=draw; Red=away team win.
Aggregate table
Third stage
The Third Stage began on October 16 and is scheduled to end on November 22. The winners of each group will advance to the Fourth Stage to contest the national title. Both teams will have earned a berth to the 2010 Copa Libertadores and enter in the Second Stage of the competition (their exact berths will be determined in the Fourth Stage). The group runners-up will also advance to the Fourth Stage to contest the third-place match.
Group 1
Standings
Results
Group 2
Standings
Results
Fourth stage
The Fourth Stage will consists of two playoffs. The legs of the playoffs will be played on November 29 and December 7.
Third-place playoff
The third-place playoff will be contested between the runners-up of each Third Stage group for a berth in the 2010 Copa Libertadores First Stage.
Championship playoff
The championship playoff will be contested between the winners of each Third Stage group for the national title. Both teams will have already earned a berth in the 2010 Copa Libertadores Second Stage, but their exact berth will be determined here.
Top goalscorers
Awards
The awards were selected by the Asociación Ecuatoriana de Radiodifusión.
Best player: Marcelo Elizaga (Emelec)
Best goalkeeper: Marcelo Elizaga (Emelec)
Best defender: Marcelo Fleitas (Emelec)
Best midfielder: Giancarlo Ramos (Deportivo Cuenca)
Best striker: Claudio Bieler (LDU Quito)
Best young player: Joao Rojas (Emelec)
Best manager: Paúl Vélez (Deportivo Cuenca)
Best Ecuadorian playing abroad: Antonio Valencia (Manchester United)
Best referee: Carlos Vera
Statistics
Statistics were compiled by Quito-based newspaper El Comercio.
See also
2009 in Ecuadorian football
2009 Copa Libertadores
2009 Copa Sudamericana
2009 Recopa Sudamericana
References
External links
Official website
2009
Ecu
Football |
23573952 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st%20Arabian%20Gulf%20Cup | 1st Arabian Gulf Cup | The 1st Arabian Gulf Cup () was the first edition of the Arabian Gulf Cup, held every two years and organised by the AGCFF. The first tournament was held in Bahrain. It was won by the Kuwait, who defeated the hosts in the final match to finish first in the round-robin group. The tournament took place between 27 March and 3 April 1970.
Venues
Match officials
Tournament
The four teams in the tournament played a single round-robin style competition. The team achieving first place in the overall standings was the tournament winner.
All times are local, AST (UTC+3).
Matches
Result
Statistics
Goalscorers
Awards
Player of the Tournament
Khaled Ballan
Top Scorer
Mohammed Al-Masoud (3 goals)
Jawad Khalaf (3 goals)
Goalkeeper of the Tournament
Ahmed Eid Al-Harbi
References
External links
Official Site (Arabic)
RSSSF site
1970
1970
1970 in Asian football
1969–70 in Saudi Arabian football
1969–70 in Bahraini football
1969–70 in Kuwaiti football
1969–70 in Qatari football |
20466189 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enco%20%28brand%29 | Enco (brand) | Enco (an acronym for 'ENergy COmpany') was a secondary retail brand name for products of the Humble Oil Corporation (who had been acquired by the Standard Oil of New Jersey in 1959) in certain parts of the United States from 1960 to 1977. It was used on service stations operated by Humble in states where they were not permitted to use the Esso brand under conditions set by the court-ordered breakup of Standard Oil in 1911.
After Humble Oil and Standard Oil of NJ merged to form Exxon in 1973, the brand was discontinued.
History
Beginning
Because Humble Oil was not the first to register "Enco" in all 50 states, it was forced to drop the name in deference to Earl Nunneley Company (also known as "Enco") of Texas.
Founder Earl Nunneley's famous quote on the name dispute was "It cost Humble more money to change all of their stationery letterheads than it would have if they'd simply bought my firm."
The Enco brand first appeared on gasoline and motor oil products of Jersey Standard affiliates, including Carter Oil in the Northwestern U.S., as well as Pate Oil and Oklahoma Oil in the Midwest during the summer and fall of 1960, shortly after the parent company reorganized all its domestic marketing and refining operations to former Texas-based subsidiary Humble Oil and Refining Company. In 1961, the Enco brand was introduced at Humble stations in Oklahoma, New Mexico and Arizona – both for the stations and gasoline/oil products, as was the case in California and some other western states where Humble opened stations for the first time. The Enco brand was also rolled out for gasoline/oil products at Humble's Texas stations, which retained Humble as the station brand until that was converted to Enco in 1962. However, one state, Ohio, used "Humble" because Standard Oil of Ohio (Sohio) refused to allow use of the Enco name, due to its similarity to "Esso"
Humble's advertisements promoted the Enco brand as short for "ENergy COmpany." From 1961 to 1972, Enco advertising and promotional efforts were the same as Esso's in the eastern U.S. including the use of the Humble name in advertisements along with the "Happy Motoring!" tagline used by Esso for decades, and the "Put A Tiger In Your Tank" ad campaign introduced nationwide in 1964. Logotypes for Enco and Esso were identical ovals with blue outer edge and red lettering with white background.
Discontinuation
Despite Humble's attempts to tie Enco and Esso brands together as a nationwide gasoline marketer during the 1960s, the company was not wholly successful at competing with truly national brands such as Texaco which was then the only oil company selling its gasoline under the same brand name in all 50 states, and Shell, as Humble's strongest markets remained the Esso territory in the eastern U.S. and the former Humble home territory in Texas. Despite these challenges, Humble was the most successful of several U.S. oil companies to expand marketing and refining operations to California and West Coast states as most other "newcomers" entering that region during the 1950s and 1960s such as Gulf Oil, Phillips 66, Amoco, Conoco and others enjoyed less than stellar results, and each would pull out of California and surrounding states during the 1970s.
In 1967, Humble further expanded its California presence when it purchased a large number of service stations from Signal Oil (a Chevron subsidiary) and converted them to the Enco brand, which joined a large number of stations Humble had already built from scratch or bought from other oil companies. That was followed by the construction and opening of an oil refinery in 1969. Humble also expanded the Enco brand to Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, and Mississippi after the Supreme Court ruled that Humble's use of the Esso trademark in those states violated Standard Oil of Kentucky's use of the name "Standard Oil". Kentucky Standard was almost completely dependent upon Esso for its products from 1911 until 1961, when it became a part of Standard Oil of California, now Chevron.
As early as 1966, Humble realized that it needed a single brand name it could use nationwide but faced a dilemma as Esso could not be used in other Standard Oil territories and Enco had a Japanese translation as "stalled car." In late 1971, Humble rolled out the Exxon brand name at rebranded Enco and Esso in several test markets throughout the U.S. Following successful results of the Exxon brand in those areas, Humble/Jersey Standard officials in May 1972 announced that Exxon would become the company's sole gasoline brand in the U.S. later that year – replacing both Esso and Enco at service stations and on gasoline, motor oil and lubricant products nationwide (Esso was retained outside the U.S. where Standard Oil stipulations by the U.S. Justice Department did not apply). Also, the corporate name Standard Oil of New Jersey was changed to Exxon Corporation, the U.S. refining/marketing division, Humble Oil and Refining Co., was renamed Exxon USA, and the Enjay Chemicals division would be renamed Exxon Chemicals.
While the Enco brand largely disappeared after 1973, the name survived in the Midwest (an area controlled by Amoco, which unlike Ohio, didn't object to Enco) until 1977, since the Midwest was one of Humble's weaker markets. Exxon sold the last remaining Enco stations to Cheker Oil Co. in 1977 as part of its withdrawal from the Midwest outside Southern Ohio, retiring the Enco brand permanently. Cheker was later acquired by Marathon Petroleum subsidiary Speedway. In 2021, 7-Eleven acquired Speedway. Although Marathon will continue to supply fuel at Speedway locations, as 7-Eleven partners with Exxon at some locations, the deal brought the legacy Enco sites in the Midwest full circle.
References
ExxonMobil brands
Automotive fuel retailers |
23573955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suheil%20Dawani | Suheil Dawani | Suheil Salman Ibrahim Dawani (born Nablus, West Bank, 1951) is a Palestinian Anglican bishop.
He was the 14th bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Jerusalem from 15 April 2007, and Archbishop in Jerusalem from the restoration of the post in 2014, until his retirement in 2021. From 2017 to 2019 he was also the President Bishop of the Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East. He is married and has three daughters.
Ecclesiastical career
Dawani graduated with a B.A. at the Near East School of Theology in Beirut, Lebanon, in 1976. He was ordained an Anglican deacon in 1976 and a priest in 1978. He served for eight years at St. Andrew's parish in Ramallah, and St. Peter's in Bir Zeit, West Bank. He moved with his family to the United States in 1985, to study at Virginia Theological Seminary, where he completed his M.A. and began work on his Doctor of Ministry (D.Min). He was recalled to his diocese in 1987, and became priest at St. John's Episcopal Church in Haifa, Israel. He went to serve once again at the Ramallah and Bir Zeit parishes, from 1992 to 1997.
He was elected Secretary General of the Diocese of Jerusalem in 1997. He became then Canon for the Arabic-speaking congregation at St. George's Cathedral, in Jerusalem. He went to serve for a third time in Ramallah, from 2004 to 2007. He became Coadjutor Bishop on 15 June 2005 and was consecrated on 6 January 2006. He was enthroned as Bishop of Jerusalem on 15 April 2007. The same year he completed his D.Min at Virginia Seminary.
Dawani became Archbishop in Jerusalem in 2014 when synod voted to upgrade the concurrent role of representative of the Anglican Communion in the Holy Land from a bishopric to an archbishopric, as it had been previously from 1957 to 1976.
He was elected Primate of the Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East on 17 May 2017, for a two and a half year mandate, and served until the autumn of 2019.
He retired in 2021, having reached the compulsory episcopal retirement age of 70.
Views
He was critical of the Global Anglican Future Conference, that took place in Jerusalem, on 22-29 June 2008, stating that he believed that "reconciliation" was the way to solve divisions in the Anglican Communion. He addressed GAFCON III on its opening day, but wasn't a registered delegate of his province.
References
External links
Suheil Dawani Biography
1951 births
Living people
Anglican bishops of Jerusalem
Palestinian Anglicans
21st-century Anglican bishops in the Middle East
21st-century Anglican archbishops
People from Nablus |
6900002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Ryder | Paul Ryder | Paul Anthony Ryder (24 April 1964 – 15 July 2022) was an English musician. He was a bass player and a founding member of the Manchester band Happy Mondays with his brother Shaun Ryder.
Early life
Paul and Shaun are the two sons of Derek Ryder, a postman, and his wife Linda, a nurse.
Happy Mondays
Ryder was an active member of the band through most of its history from its inception in 1983 through to his death. His bandmates include his brother Shaun, Gary Whelan, Mark "Bez" Berry, Paul Davies and Mark Day. It was during his tenure with the band that it had its biggest successes with albums such as Pills 'n' Thrills and Bellyaches which sold more than 400,000 copies in the UK. The Ryder brothers fell out in the 1990s as Paul struggled with heroin addiction, but he rejoined the band for their 2012 comeback.
Acting
Ryder appeared in the films The Ghosts of Oxford Street, Losing It, and 24 Hour Party People, where he played the part of a gangster.
Other projects
Ryder left Happy Mondays to write music for several television shows, and formed a new band, Big Arm, who released an album in 2008 titled Radiator.
Ryder lived in Los Angeles where he continued to write music. He supported Tom Tom Club on two of the dates on the North America tour in October 2010, playing gigs in San Francisco and Los Angeles. He was joined by Eddy Gronfier, Neo Garcia on drums and Matt Cheadle on guitar.
Death
Ryder was found dead in his bed by his mother on 15 July 2022, aged 58, the day before the band were due to play at a festival in Sunderland. He had been reporting headaches after arriving in Salford after flying from his home in Los Angeles.
The family later said that the Coroner had said that Ryder died as a result of Ischaemic heart disease and diabetes, but they were waiting for the full Coroner's Report to be released.
References
External Links
1964 births
2022 deaths
English rock bass guitarists
Male bass guitarists
Happy Mondays members
People from Salford |
44497052 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League%201%20Cup | League 1 Cup | The League 1 Cup was a knockout cup competition organised by the Rugby Football League for the third division of rugby league in Britain. The cup was contested by the British League 1 teams, as well as two teams from the National Conference League. The final took place on the same weekend as The Summer Bash, and was the first game of the weekend to be played.
In 2017 it was announced the League 1 Cup would be retired after just three seasons.
History
In 2013 the Championship Cup was decommissioned after 12 seasons and the Challenge Cup became the only cup competition available to the Championships. In 2015, as part of the new structure a new cup competition was to be introduced, but only available to League 1 clubs and two clubs invited from the National Conference League. The first final was played as the opening game of The Summer Bash at Bloomfield Road in Blackpool.
In 2017 the Rugby Football League (RFL) confirmed the 16 League 1 clubs had voted to scrap the League 1 Cup, mainly due to it interfering with the domestic league season. The last winners were Barrow Raiders.
Format
The first round of the League 1 Cup is split into two pools; Northern regions and South and Midlands regions, all the League 1 clubs and any National Conference League (NCL) clubs invited to enter to make the number of teams up to 16 enter at this stage. A draw is made at the beginning of each round to determine fixtures.
In the first year of the cup, 2015, there were only 14 clubs in League 1 so two NCL clubs were invited to play in the competition. In 2016 and 2017 although there were 16 clubs in League 1, the non-UK based clubs; Toulouse Olympique (2016) and Toronto Wolfpack (2017); decided not to enter the cup so one NCL club was invited to play in their stead.
Other than a regional based first round to reduce travel costs, the cup is a knock-out competition with no seeding. Only the final is played at a neutral venue.
First Round: 16 clubs enter
Second Round: Last 8
Semi Finals: Last 4.
Final: Played at Bloomfield Road
Cup Finals
Winners
Sponsorship
In February 2015, the Rugby Football League (RFL) announced a 3-year deal with isotonic soft drink company iPro for the competition to be been known as the iPro Sport Cup.
The official rugby ball supplier was Steeden.
References
External links
RFL League 1
Sports leagues established in 2015
2015 establishments in England
Rugby league competitions in the United Kingdom |
23573972 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Krup%C3%A1%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29 | Dolní Krupá (Mladá Boleslav District) | Dolní Krupá is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
6900013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Scarlet%20Slipper%20Mystery | The Scarlet Slipper Mystery | The Scarlet Slipper Mystery is the thirty-second volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was published in 1954 by Grosset & Dunlap and written by Charles S. Strong under the house pseudonym Carolyn Keene.
Plot Nancy meets Helene and Henri Fontaine, refugees from Centrovia who run a dancing school in River Heights. Strange circumstances have brought the brother and sister to United States. When they receive an anonymous note threatening their lives, Nancy offers her help.
But she encounters nothing but puzzles. Are the Fontaines involved with the Centrovian underground? Have they been threatened by their own countrymen? Why? Is a series of paintings by Henri Fontaine being used for a sinister purpose?
Suddenly the Fontaines disappear. Have they been kidnapped? Nancy and her friends pursue the trail relentlessly, even though danger lurks around every corner. They are trapped by their enemies, and escape seems impossible. But Nancy's quick wit finally enables her to solve this intriguing and intricate mystery.
References
Nancy Drew books
1954 American novels
1954 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
23573975 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Slivno | Dolní Slivno | Dolní Slivno is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
The village of Slivínko is an administrative part of Dolní Slivno.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
20466192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Parkinson | Bob Parkinson | Robert Parkinson (27 April 1873 – after 1901) was an English footballer. His regular position was as a forward. He was born in Preston, Lancashire. He played for Preston Ramblers, Preston Athletic, Fleetwood Rangers, Rotherham Town, Luton Town, Blackpool, Warmley, Nottingham Forest, Newton Heath, Watford and Swindon Town.
Blackpool
Parkinson was a member of the Blackpool line-up for their first-ever match in the Football League, on 5 September 1896. He played up front alongside his namesake, Jack Parkinson. He went on to make a further seven league appearances in the 1896–97 season, scoring one goal – in a 4–2 defeat at Woolwich Arsenal on 19 December.
Parkinson's final appearance for the club occurred on 23 January, in a 3–1 home defeat by Small Heath. Shortly after this, he joined Nottingham Forest.
References
General
MUFCInfo.com profile
Specific
1873 births
Year of death missing
Footballers from Preston, Lancashire
English footballers
Association football forwards
Fleetwood Rangers F.C. players
Rotherham Town F.C. (1878) players
Luton Town F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Warmley F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Watford F.C. players
Swindon Town F.C. players
English Football League players |
23573978 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Stakory | Dolní Stakory | Dolní Stakory is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
44497075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outrage%3A%20The%20Five%20Reasons%20Why%20O.%20J.%20Simpson%20Got%20Away%20with%20Murder | Outrage: The Five Reasons Why O. J. Simpson Got Away with Murder | Outrage: The Five Reasons Why O. J. Simpson Got Away with Murder is a true crime book by Vincent Bugliosi published in 1996. Bugliosi sets forth five main reasons why the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office failed to successfully convict O. J. Simpson for the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman. Personally convinced of Simpson's guilt, Bugliosi blames his acquittal on the district attorney, the judge, and especially the prosecuting attorneys Marcia Clark and Christopher Darden.
Reviews
Upon its release, the book was subject to criticism from various critics. The Los Angeles Times notes that Bugliosi's tone is in line that of anger and astonishment, as he condemned the majority of the major players in the case. They employed the metaphor of a 'dagger' to emphasise his ruthless tone. Similarly, the San Francisco Chronicle praised the book for its observational and authoritative tone which followers of the case were longing for. The Globe and Mail described the book as "engagingly idiosyncratic, and occasionally self-serving and simplistic."
References
1996 non-fiction books
Books by Vincent Bugliosi
O. J. Simpson murder case
W. W. Norton & Company books |
23573979 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domousnice | Domousnice | Domousnice is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
The village of Skyšice is an administrative part of Domousnice.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
6900014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege%20of%20Shigisan | Siege of Shigisan | The 1577 was one of many sieges during Oda Nobunaga's campaigns to consolidate his power in the Kansai area.
The castle was held by Matsunaga Danjo Hisahide and his son Kojirō, both of whom committed suicide upon their defeat.
Supposedly, following his father's seppuku, Kojirō leapt from the castle walls, with his father's head in his hand, and his sword through his own throat.
Hisahide, a master of tea ceremony is also said to have smashed his favorite tea bowl so that it would not fall into the hands of his enemies.
In Popular Culture
In the 2020 Taiga drama, Kirin ga Kuru, Matsunaga Hisahide is played by actor Kōtarō Yoshida. This Taiga's narrative was that Hisahide left his alliance with Nobunaga after Tsutsui Junkei, his rival, was chosen as protector of the Yamato Province. Nobunaga's son, Oda Nobutada, with Akechi Mitsuhide, would defeat Hisahide at the Siege of Shigisan. If Hisahide had surrendered, Nobunaga would have given him a small fiefdom.
References
1577 in Japan
Akechi clan
Shigisan
Conflicts in 1577
Izumi-Hosokawa clan
Oda clan
Shigisan |
23573981 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doubravi%C4%8Dka | Doubravička | Doubravička is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
44497083 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad%20Mollenhauer%20GmbH | Conrad Mollenhauer GmbH | Conrad Mollenhauer GmbH (commonly called simply Mollenhauer) is a leading German manufacturer of recorders.
The company was founded in 1822 by Johann Andreas Mollenhauer (1798–1871) in Fulda. In 1961 Bernhard Mollenhauer took over the business.
The company produces recorders for beginners and handmade instruments for soloists. In an effort to develop a renaissance style recorder for use by beginners Adriana Breukink developed the Adri's Dream recorder in collaboration with Mollenhauer in 1999. This line was later expanded to include Dream Edition recorders for more advanced players.
References
External links
www.mollenhauer.com
Manufacturing companies established in 1822
Flute makers
Fulda
Recorder makers
1822 establishments in Europe
Musical instrument manufacturing companies of Germany |
23573985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horky%20nad%20Jizerou | Horky nad Jizerou | Horky nad Jizerou is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
44497086 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalaritica | Phalaritica | Phalaritica is a genus of moths in the family Momphidae. There is only one species in this genus: Phalaritica vindex Meyrick, 1913 that is found in Sri Lanka.
References
ftp.funet.fr
www.nhm.ac.uk
Momphidae
Moths of Sri Lanka |
23573988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn%C3%AD%20Bukovina | Horní Bukovina | Horní Bukovina is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
The village of Dolní Bukovina is an administrative part of Horní Bukovina.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
6900019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20Bacteria%20Vacuum | Red Bacteria Vacuum | Red Bacteria Vacuum (レッドバクテリアバキューム) is an all-girl Japanese punk band from Osaka formed in 1998 consisting of Ikumi (guitar/vocals), Kassan (bass/vocals, also formerly known as RanRan), and Jasmine (drums/vocals). The band relocated to Tokyo in 2000.
They have gone through numerous member changes, notably with the major problem of filling in for the departing Akeming, their original drummer who left the band when pregnant with her first child. Katsu was later found to be the new drummer, but later left early 2009. By April 2009, Jasmine became their permanent drummer, appearing in their new album and touring with them for Japan Girls Nite.
The band performed in US numerous times throughout the years, usually as part of Benten Label's Japan Nite, an annual tour promoting Japanese indie bands in America. As part of their 2009 American tour, they played at the opening of New People, a building dedicated to Japanese culture in San Francisco. The group released their album, "Dolly Dolly, Make an Epoch" in October 2009. The band toured in the US once again in March 2010, appearing at SXSW as well as participating in the Japan Nite tour once again. Red Bacteria Vacuum appear in the 2009 documentary Live House, including live performances and interview with the band and its past members. In April 2011 it was announced that Red Bacteria Vacuum would open for A Perfect Circle on all their non festival 2011 tour appearances.
In early 2013 Red Bacteria Vacuum released their third full-length album, Hey! Peeps
Discography
Albums
2000: Such a Scream
2004: Killer Dust
2009: Dolly Dolly, Make a Epoch
2013: Hey! Peeps
EPs
2005: Roller Coaster
DVDs
2006: Panic Junky Special Live
References
External links
Official Japanese Site
Sister Benten English Site
Myspace Site
RED BACTERIA VACUUM SUMMER 2011 TOUR
All-female punk bands
Japanese rock music groups
Japanese punk rock groups
Musical groups from Osaka |
23573989 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn%C3%AD%20Slivno | Horní Slivno | Horní Slivno is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
23573991 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrdlo%C5%99ezy%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29 | Hrdlořezy (Mladá Boleslav District) | Hrdlořezy is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.
Gallery
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
6900026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renault%20Nepta | Renault Nepta | The Renault Nepta was a concept grand tourer made by Renault which was presented at the Mondial de l'Automobile 2006. It was designed by Patrick le Quément and was unusual for Renault in that it was rear-wheel drive with a large petrol engine.
Technical details
It is equipped with a direct injection twin turbo 3.5 L petrol V6 producing and was coupled to a paddle-shift seven-speed automatic gearbox. The Nepta could accelerate to 62 mph in 4.9 seconds.
References
External links
Nepta
Cars introduced in 2006
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Grand tourers
Convertibles
Automobiles with gull-wing doors |
23573993 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hru%C5%A1ov%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29 | Hrušov (Mladá Boleslav District) | Hrušov is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
23573995 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hus%C3%AD%20Lhota | Husí Lhota | Husí Lhota is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
44497087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Aldborough%20%281727%29 | HMS Aldborough (1727) | HMS Aldborough was a 20-gun sixth-rate ship of the Royal Navy, built in 1727 according to the 1719 Establishment and in service in the West Indies, the North Sea and the Mediterranean until 1742. The future Admiral, Hugh Palliser, served aboard Aldborough as midshipman at the commencement of his naval career.
Naval career
Aldborough was commissioned in March 1727 and assigned to survey work in the British West Indies. Her first captain was Edward Baker, who remained in command until early 1729 when he was replaced by John Gascoigne.
After seven years in the West Indies the ship was returned to Deptford Dockyard in 1734 for refit and repair. Aboard as passengers for this voyage were James Oglethorpe, the founder of the colony of Georgia, and a delegation of Yamacraw sent to meet with the British Government. Aldboroughs years in tropical waters had taken their toll with extensive work required to restore her hull and timbers. Refitting continued until June 1735 at a cost of £5,417, more than two thirds of her original construction expense of £7,461.
Temporarily restored to seaworthiness, Aldborough was assigned to the command of Captain Nicholas Robinson and transferred to coastal patrol in the English Channel and North Sea. Robinson's 11-year-old nephew Hugh Palliser was also signed aboard as a midshipman from 1735. The ship remained in poor condition despite her recent refit, and was paid off for further repair in 1736.
Aldborough was refitted in 1737 as a fireship of 8 guns and 55 crew. In 1738 this designation was reversed, with Aldborough restored to the Navy lists as a 20-gun sixth rate and assigned to Mediterranean service under Captain George Pocock. She was immediately deployed as a privateer hunter, capturing a Spanish barque on 28 January 1739 and taking part in the capture of two more vessels in June. She was less successful in 1740, cruising for several weeks off the coast of Malta without encountering enemy craft. In January 1741 she was part of the British fleet at Port Mahon off the coast of Spain.
Fate
Aldborough was broken up at Deptford Dockyard on 31 March 1742, in accordance with Admiralty orders that another ship of the same name be constructed in her place.
References
Bibliography
Individual sailing vessels
1720s ships
Ships built in Portsmouth
Fireships of the Royal Navy
Sixth rates of the Royal Navy |
23573997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charvatce | Charvatce | Charvatce is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
Notable people
Vladimir Pavlecka (1901–1908), Czech-American aircraft designer
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
23573998 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocn%C4%9Bjovice | Chocnějovice | Chocnějovice is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has a population of about 400.
Administrative parts
Villages and hamlets of Buda, Buřínsko 1.díl, Buřínsko 2.díl, Drahotice, Ouč, Rostkov and Sovenice are administrative parts of Chocnějovice.
Notable people
Miloslav Rechcigl Sr. (1904–1973), politician
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
44497102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajdana%20Radunovi%C4%87 | Hajdana Radunović | Hajdana Radunović (born 10 January 1978) is a Montenegrin women's basketball player, who plays as a center.
References
1978 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Podgorica
Montenegrin women's basketball players
Centers (basketball)
ŽKK Partizan players
New York Liberty players
Montenegrin expatriate basketball people in Serbia
Montenegrin expatriate basketball people in the United States |
23574001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chud%C3%AD%C5%99 | Chudíř | Chudíř is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
23574004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jivina%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29 | Jivina (Mladá Boleslav District) | Jivina is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
17328064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Shack%20%28Young%20novel%29 | The Shack (Young novel) | The Shack is a novel by Canadian author William P. Young that was published in 2007.
The novel was self-published but became a USA Today bestseller, having sold 1 million copies as of June 8, 2008. It was the No. 1 paperback trade fiction seller on The New York Times Best Seller list from June 2008 to early 2010, in a publishing partnership with Hachette Book Group USA's FaithWords imprint (Hodder & Stoughton in the UK). In 2009 it was awarded the "Diamond Award" for sales of over 10 million copies by the Evangelical Christian Publishers Association.
The title of the book is a metaphor for "the house you build out of your own pain", as Young explained in a telephone interview. He also told radio host talk show Drew Marshall that The Shack "is a metaphor for the places you get stuck, you get hurt, you get damaged ... where shame or hurt is centered."
Plot
The novel is set in the American Northwest. The main character is Mackenzie Allen Phillips, a father of five called "Mack" by his family and friends. Four years prior to the main events of the story, Mack takes three of his children on a camping trip to Wallowa Lake near Joseph, Oregon, stopping at Multnomah Falls on the way. Two of his children are playing in a canoe when it flips and almost drowns Mack's son. Mack is able to save his son by rushing into the water and freeing him from the canoe's webbing but unintentionally leaves his youngest daughter Missy alone at their campsite. After Mack returns, he sees that Missy is missing. The police are called, and the family discovers that Missy has been abducted and murdered by a serial killer known as the "Little Ladykiller". The police find an abandoned shack in the woods where Missy was taken: Her bloodied clothing is found, but her body is not located. Mack's life sinks into what he calls, "The Great Sadness".
As the novel begins, Mack receives a note in his mailbox from "Papa", saying that he would like to meet with Mack that coming weekend at the shack. Mack is puzzled by the note—he has had no relationship with his abusive father since he left home at age 13. He suspects that the note may be from God, whom his wife Nan lovingly refers to as "Papa".
Mack's family leaves to visit relatives and he goes alone to the shack, unsure of what he will see there. He arrives and initially finds nothing, but as he is leaving, the shack and its surroundings are supernaturally transformed into a lush and inviting scene. He enters the shack and encounters manifestations of the three persons of the Trinity. God the Father takes the form of an African American woman who calls herself Elousia and Papa; Jesus is a Middle Eastern carpenter; and the Holy Spirit physically manifests as an Asian woman named Sarayu.
The bulk of the book narrates Mack's conversations with Papa, Jesus, and Sarayu as he comes to terms with Missy's death and his relationship with the three of them. Mack also has various experiences with each of them. Mack walks across a lake with Jesus, sees an image of his (earthly) father in Heaven with Sarayu, and has a conversation with Sophia, the personification of God's wisdom. At the end of his visit, Mack goes on a hike with Papa, now appearing as an older Native American male, who shows him where Missy's body was left in a cave.
After spending the weekend at the shack, Mack leaves and is so preoccupied with his joyous thoughts that he is nearly killed in an automobile accident. During recovery he realizes that he did not in fact spend the weekend at the shack, but that his accident occurred on the same day that he arrived at the shack. He also leads the police to the cave that Papa revealed, and they find Missy's body still lying there. With the help of forensic evidence discovered at the scene, the Little Ladykiller is arrested and put on trial.
Publication
Young originally wrote The Shack as a Christmas gift for his six children with no apparent intention of publishing it. After letting several friends read the book he was urged to publish it for the general public. In 2006, Young worked with Wayne Jacobsen, Brad Cummings (both former pastors from Los Angeles) and Bobby Downes (filmmaker) to bring the book to publication after a period of sixteen months and four rewrites. They had no success with either religious or secular publishers, so they formed Windblown Media for the purpose of publishing the book. The Shack achieved its No. 1 best selling success via word-of-mouth and with the help of a USD$300.00 website; it is often reported that nothing else had been spent on marketing up to September 2007. Additional startup funds were supplied by Brad Cummings, president of Windblown Media, who spent the maximum credit limit on 12 personal credit cards in order to publish the book.
Reception
The Shack went largely unnoticed for over a year after its initial publication, but suddenly became a very popular seller in mid-2008, when it debuted at No. 1 on The New York Times paperback fiction best seller list on June 8. Its success was the result of a "word-of-mouth, church-to-church, blog-to-blog campaign" by Young, Jacobsen and Cummings in churches and Christian-themed radio, websites, and blogs.
The Shack had over 10 million copies in print, and had been at No. 1 on The New York Times best seller list for 70 weeks. The Shack was also released in hardcover, and translated into Spanish as . In June 2009 a German translation with the title (The Hut – a Weekend with God) was released. It was also translated into Croatian as and became very popular in Croatia and also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The book was also translated into Polish as and published in 2009. There were re-editions in 2011 and 2017 due to its popularity.
However, former Mars Hill Church pastor Mark Driscoll criticized The Shack, saying that "it misrepresents God" and called William P. Young "a heretic". Evangelical author Chuck Colson wrote a review, called "Stay Out of The Shack", in which he criticizes the attribution of "silly lines" to characters representing the three Persons of the Trinity, and the author's "low view of scripture". R. Albert Mohler Jr. called The Shack "deeply troubling" on his radio show, saying that it "includes undiluted heresy". Apologists author Norman Geisler and William C. Roach published a critique in 2012 detailing their 14 points of theological disagreement with the book (including "unorthodox", "false", "classic heresy", "non-rational", "psychologically helpful ... doctrinally harmful", and "very dangerous").
Pastor Sean Cole of the Emmanuel Baptist Church in Sterling, Colorado, offered yet another critique appearing in Pulpit and Pen. He provides six major arguments against the content of the book and Young's portrayal of the Trinity, and offers them as major problems.
Theologian Randal Rauser has written a generally sympathetic guide to The Shack in his companion volume Finding God in the Shack (Paternoster, 2009). In the book Rauser responds to many of the objections raised by critics such as Colson and Mohler. Brad Robison, a psychiatrist and family therapist who used The Shack in his practice, wrote The Shack Study Guide (Windblown Media, 2016) to assist his patients on their healing journey. It is co-authored by William P. Young. Wayne Jacobsen, one of Young's early collaborators, wrote a detailed response to several common points of criticism. His column "Is The Shack Heresy?" was published online by Windblown Media.
Legal dispute
In July 2010, the Los Angeles Times reported that The Shack had "spawned a tangle of lawsuits over royalties and even the book's authorship". Young said that he was owed $8 million in royalties, Jacobsen and Cummings filed a suit against Young, Young asked the court to dismiss or stay the claims, and Jacobsen and Cummings responded. Hachette, the commercial publisher involved, asked the court to determine to whom it should pay royalties from the book. On January 10, 2011, the court declared that it had been advised that the case between Young et al. and Jacobsen et al. "has been settled or is in the process of being settled" and the case was dismissed.
Film adaptation
A film adaptation of The Shack, directed by Stuart Hazeldine and starring Sam Worthington, Octavia Spencer, and Tim McGraw, was released on March 3, 2017, to negative critical reviews. Audience response was more positive.
References in other works
The Shack was referred to by Stephen King in his 2010 title, Full Dark, No Stars, which is a compilation of four novellas. In the final novella, A Good Marriage, the protagonist recalls that her husband recommended she read The Shack and he said the novel was "a life-changer".
It is also cited in the introduction to Richard Rohr and Mike Morrell's The Divine Dance for encouraging people thinking about the Trinity again.
References
External links
Interview with William P. Young by broadcaster Sheridan Voysey
2007 American novels
2007 Canadian novels
Self-published books
American Christian novels
American novels adapted into films
Novels set in Oregon
Canadian novels adapted into films
Fiction about God
2007 debut novels |
44497113 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piccadilly%20College%2C%20Manchester | Piccadilly College, Manchester | Piccadilly College (formerly Aitchison College) was a UK based further education provider, situated in the heart of Manchester.
History
The college was formed 18 July 2013 as Aitchison College. It was renamed Piccadilly College on 25 July 2013 and was closed on 1 March 2016.
The college taught English as a Foreign Language, with their advertising targeting Spanish-speaking pupils.
References
External links
Further education colleges in Manchester
Educational institutions established in 2013
Educational institutions disestablished in 2016
Defunct schools in Manchester |
23574008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jizern%C3%AD%20Vtelno | Jizerní Vtelno | Jizerní Vtelno is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
It is located southwest of Mladá Boleslav and northeast of Prague.
History
The first written mention of Jizerní Vtelno is from 1229.
Gallery
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
23574010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef%C5%AFv%20D%C5%AFl%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29 | Josefův Důl (Mladá Boleslav District) | Josefův Důl is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
23574012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20American%20Game%20Warden%20Museum | North American Game Warden Museum | The North American Game Warden Museum is a museum in the International Peace Garden on the Canada–United States international border between the Canadian province of Manitoba and the U.S. state of North Dakota. The museum is located on the American side of the border. Initially founded on a temporary basis at the International Peace Garden in the 1990s, it became a permanent museum in 2005.
The museum is sponsored by the North American Wildlife Enforcement Officers Association and aims to raise the professional profile and celebrate the work of game wardens and conservation officers. This museum's states on its website that its purpose is to "honor these heroes and educate the public about their work and the natural resources they protect."
History
This museum has been located at the International Peace Garden since its inception. Founded on a temporary basis in the 1990s, the permanent museum opened in 2005 at the same location "for its natural beauty, central North American location and recognition as an international tourism destination."
Purpose
Its underlying purpose is to raise the professional profile and celebrate the work of game wardens and their colleagues, conservation officers. The name each group of professionals goes by depends on their governmental jurisdiction; for example, in Michigan the title "conservation officer" is used.
This museum's management has set forth a fourfold mission statement:
protecting "the wild" in an overcrowded, polluted and too-civilized planet, so that "natural gifts" are preserved for future generations through legal enforcement and public education;
recognizing the important and dangerous role of game wardens who often work alone in desolate and remote locations, facing armed foes;
honoring and memorializing fallen heroes and other officers, who work in a largely unsung role, thereby helping their morale, and
educating the public about the work and mission of conservation officers, thereby increasing support for their efforts.
73 Game Wardens/Protectors/Conservation Officers are listed on The Officer Down Memorial Page.
Recognizing the wardens' roles
The museum emphasizes the multifaceted nature of the game warden's role.
Confronting armed poachers in rural and even remote locations can be lonely, dangerous and even fatal work for game wardens. Recognition of the ultimate sacrifice of these officers at this museum is considered to be important, concomitant to recognition at the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial.
Officers are exposed to other risks beyond being killed by hunters, trappers and armed fishermen. Heart attacks, motor vehicle, boating, snowmobile and airplane accidents, animal attacks, drowning, hypothermia, etc. also take their toll while on duty.
In North America game wardens are typically employees of state or provincial governments. 26 of the 50 U.S. states have government departments entitled Department of Natural Resources or a similar title. These departments typically patrol state or provincial parks and public lands and waterways dedicated to hunting and fishing, and also enforce state or provincial game and environmental laws on private property.
Game wardens/conservation officers are front and center in keeping out (or in check) invasive species.
In an increasingly interconnected and globalized world, their concerns are much more comprehensive than local enforcement. They also enforce broader conservation laws, such as the Endangered Species Act, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 and similar laws/treaties. or the Wild Animal and Plant Protection and Regulation of International and Interprovincial Trade Act (in Canada) which implements the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES). As necessary, they will work in tandem with appropriate national or federal agencies, such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or Environment Canada.
See also
Department of Natural Resources (disambiguation)
Environment Canada
Environmental Protection Agency
National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial in Washington, D.C.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Notes
External links
North American Game Warden Museum
American Police Officer Hall of Fame and Memorial
Association of Fish & Wildlife Agencies
Association of Midwest Fish and Game Law Enforcement Officers, North American Game Warden Museum.
Badge of Honor Memorial Foundation
North American Wildlife Enforcement Officers Association
Alberta Game Warden magazine
International Game Warden magazine
Ehlebracht, Mike, Wyoming Conservation Officer, Familiar Story by a Different Name: Pogue and Elms: A Tragic Loss, International Game Warden Magazine
Law enforcement memorials
Law enforcement museums in Canada
Law enforcement museums in the United States
Museums in Rolette County, North Dakota
History museums in North Dakota
Monuments and memorials in North Dakota
Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in Canada
Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in the United States
Museums established in 1994
1994 establishments in North Dakota |
6900027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adnan%20%C4%8Custovi%C4%87 | Adnan Čustović | Adnan Čustović (born 16 April 1978) is a Bosnian professional football manager and former player, currently managing Kortrijk.
Club career
Čustović started his career at local side Velež Mostar in 1991, before joining Slovenian Second League team Triglav Kranj in 1996. He later moved to France, where he played for Ligue 1 and Ligue 2 teams Le Havre, Laval and Amiens. On 21 December 2005, after three years, he left Mouscron and moved to Gent.
In 2010, Čustović joined Germinal Beerschot, who loaned him out to the successor of his previous club Mouscron, namely Mouscron-Péruwelz in 2012. After the loan, he left for Belgian Second Division team Tournai. Čustović finished his playing career at Tournai in 2014, retiring at the age of 36.
International career
Čustović made his debut for the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team against Norway on 24 March 2007. On 2 June 2007, he experienced his first notable moment for the national team by scoring his first international goal when he headed the winner over Turkey from a corner kick taken by Mirko Hrgović.
He has earned a total of 5 caps, scoring 1 goal. His final international was a September 2007 European Championship qualification match against Moldova.
International goals
Managerial career
Early career
Right after finishing his playing career, Čustović started his managerial career. From 2014 to 2015, he was the assistant manager at Kortrijk and then from 2015 to 2017, Čustović was assistant at Oostende.
Oostende
In September 2017, Yves Vanderhaeghe, Oostende manager at the time, was sacked after a poor start to the season when the club collected only one point in seven games and were bottom of the league. Čustović was named interim manager of Oostende, but after two wins and one draw in three games, thus collecting seven points in those three games, he was given a full contract, which was to last until the end of the season. At the end of the season, the club avoided relegation and Čustović was praised by fans as a result. He left the club after the end of the season.
Waasland-Beveren
On 17 November 2018, Čustović was appointed as the new manager of Waasland-Beveren. His first match in charge was a league game at home to Royal Excel Mouscron on 24 November 2018, which ended in a 1–2 loss. Čustović's most memorable moment at the club was a 2–1 victory over league champions Club Brugge on 7 December 2018. Following a bad start to the 2019–20 season, he was relieved of his duties on 26 August 2019.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
On 25 January 2020, Čustović was named as an assistant of Bosnia and Herzegovina national team head coach Dušan Bajević.
Return to Oostende
On 4 March 2020, Čustović was once again appointed as the manager of Oostende. After only one game as Oostende's manager, he was released by the club on 7 June 2020.
Managerial statistics
Honours
Player
Triglav Kranj
Slovenian Second League: 1997–98
Gent
Belgian Cup: 2009–10
Mouscron-Péruwelz
Belgian Third Division A: 2011–12
References
External links
1978 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Mostar
Association football forwards
Bosnia and Herzegovina footballers
Bosnia and Herzegovina international footballers
NK Triglav Kranj players
Le Havre AC players
Stade Lavallois players
Amiens SC players
Royal Excel Mouscron players
K.A.A. Gent players
Beerschot A.C. players
R.F.C. Tournai players
Slovenian Second League players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
Belgian First Division A players
Belgian First Division B players
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Slovenia
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia
Expatriate footballers in France
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate footballers in Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina football managers
K.V. Oostende managers
S.K. Beveren managers
K.V. Kortrijk managers
Belgian First Division A managers
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Belgium
Shanghai Port F.C. non-playing staff |
23574014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katusice | Katusice | Katusice is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
Villages of Doubravice, Spikaly, Trnová and Valovice are administrative parts of Katusice.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
6900039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Hidden%20Window%20Mystery | The Hidden Window Mystery | The Hidden Window Mystery is the thirty-fourth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1956 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
Nancy and her friends, Bess and George travel to Charlottesville, Virginia in search for a missing stained-glass window. They also visit Richmond, Virginia, and the church where Patrick Henry gave his "Give me liberty or give me death" speech. The girls stay with Nancy's cousin Susan. Nancy discovers someone is trying to keep her away from Charlottesville. The mansion they are staying at is said to be haunted by a mysterious ghost. Also Nancy's new neighbors' brother, Alonzo Rugby, is in Charlottesville and is a major suspect in this mystery.
Nancy Drew books
1956 American novels
1956 children's books
Novels set in Virginia
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
23574015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kl%C3%A1%C5%A1ter%20Hradi%C5%A1t%C4%9B%20nad%20Jizerou | Klášter Hradiště nad Jizerou | Klášter Hradiště nad Jizerou () is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,000 inhabitants. It lies in the Jizera River valley.
There is a former monastery in the village, currently a brewery.
References
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
17328074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny%20Marr%20guest%20musician%20recordings | Johnny Marr guest musician recordings | Musician Johnny Marr, formerly with The Smiths, The The, Electronic, Modest Mouse and The Cribs and now playing solo, has appeared as a guest musician on the recordings of numerous other musicians. Sometimes he has appeared as a songwriter only and not a guest musician with some of the musicians listed below.
Everything But The Girl
Everything but the Girl (1984)
Billy Bragg
Talking with the Taxman About Poetry (1986)
Don't Try This at Home (1991)
Bloke on Bloke (1997)
Reaching to the Converted (1999)
Bryan Ferry
Bête Noire (1987)
Avonmore (2014)
Talking Heads
Naked (1988)
Sandie Shaw
Hello Angel (1988)
Kirsty MacColl
Kite (1989)
Electric Landlady (1991)
Titanic Days (1993)
The Pretenders
Packed! (1990)
Pet Shop Boys
Behaviour (1990)
Bilingual (1996)
Release (2002)
Yes (2009)
Banderas
Ripe (1991)
Stex
Spiritual Dance (1992)
K-Klass
Universal (1993)
Electrafixion
Burned (1995)
M People
Fresco (1997)
Marion
The Program (1998)
Beck
Midnite Vultures (1999)
Tom Jones
Reload (1999)
The Cult
Rare Cult (2000)
Bert Jansch
Crimson Moon (2000)
On The Edge Of A Dream (2017)
Twenty Four Hours
This Is Urbanite.Co.Uk (2001)
Oasis
Heathen Chemistry (2002)
Beth Orton
Daybreaker (2002)
The Charlatans
Live It Like You Love It (2002)
Different Days (2017)
Moodswings
Horizontal (2002)
Pearl Jam
Feb 23 03#10 Perth (2003)
Quando Quango
Pigs + Battleships (2003)
Lisa Germano
Lullaby for Liquid Pig (2003)
In the Maybe World (2006)
Tweaker
2 a.m. Wakeup Call (2004)
Haven
All for a Reason (2004)
Jane Birkin
Fictions (2006)
Transit Kings
Living in a Giant Candle Winking at God (2006)
Crowded House
Time On Earth (2007)
Girls Aloud
Out of Control (2008)
John Frusciante
The Empyrean (2009)
Robyn Hitchcock
Propellor Time (2010)
Shufflemania (2022)
Edwyn Collins
Losing Sleep (2010)
Hans Zimmer
Inception: Music from the Motion Picture (2010)
The Amazing Spider-Man 2: The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (2014)
Freeheld Soundtrack (2015)
Live In Prague (2017)
No Time to Die: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (2021)
Pajama Club
Pajama Club (2011)
Malka Spigel
Every Day Is Like the First Day (2012)
Andrew Loog Oldham
Rolling Stones Songbook Vol. 2 (2013)
Tim Wheeler
Lost Domain (2014)
Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds
Chasing Yesterday (2015)
Who Built the Moon? (2017)
Chris Spedding
Joyland (2015)
Blondie
Pollinator (2017)
A Certain Ratio
ACR:BOX (2019)
Drake
Care Package (2019)
The Avalanches
We Will Always Love You (2020)
Rock music discographies
Discographies of British artists |
6900061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Secret%20of%20the%20Golden%20Pavilion | The Secret of the Golden Pavilion | The Secret of the Golden Pavilion is the thirty-sixth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1959 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
Nancy, Bess, and George travel to Hawaii to solve an interesting puzzle involving an old golden pavilion. They are then set to find a trio of art thieves. They help find a Chinese man's treasure.
Carson Drew is asked by Mr. Sakamaki to solve the mystery of the estate, Kaluakua, that he inherited from his grandfather. The estate is located in Hawaii and has a secret. Sakamaki was warned never to sell the estate until he learns its secret.
Complicating the situation, a brother and sister have suddenly appeared, claiming to be heirs to the estate. Also, somebody has been hacking at the floor of the Golden Pavilion, which is a circular open building on the estate.
References
Nancy Drew books
1959 American novels
1959 children's books
Novels set in Hawaii
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
23574018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kluky%20%28Mlad%C3%A1%20Boleslav%20District%29 | Kluky (Mladá Boleslav District) | Kluky is a municipality and village in Mladá Boleslav District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 70 inhabitants. The village is well preserved and is protected by law as a village monument zone.
Geography
Kluky lies about west of Mladá Boleslav and northeast of Prague. The municipality is located in the Jizera Table plateau.
History
The first written mention of Kluky is from 1264. The village was owned by less important aristocratic families and after the Battle of White Mountain it was acquired by the Jesuit order.
Sights
The village monument zone includes an extensive set of smaller cottages on narrow plots, among which timbered multi-storey houses from the end of the 18th century predominate.
References
External links
Villages in Mladá Boleslav District |
20466203 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle%20Creek%20%28Oregon%29 | Eagle Creek (Oregon) | Eagle Creek may refer to any of a number of places in the U.S. state of Oregon:
Rivers of Oregon |
44497117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte%20Rose | Charlotte Rose | Charlotte Rose is an English sex worker, dominatrix, sexual trainer and political candidate from Nottingham, who lives in London. In 2013 she won the award of "Sex Worker of the Year" at the Sexual Freedom Awards where she is now a resident judge. In 2014 she took up politics, campaigning for sexual freedom as an independent candidate in the Clacton and Rochester and Strood by-elections.
Career
Rose began her career in the sex industry at the age of 17 where she took part in a dominatrix-themed photoshoot. Rose married and became the mother of two children, an elder son and younger daughter. She became a teacher, but after separating from her partner she moved to Exeter, Devon in 2003. She gained a degree in hospitality from the University of Plymouth, and after working in the hospitality sector, taught the subject to further education students at Exeter College. She subsequently decided to become an escort. She became a vocal supporter of the sex industry. Rose also said that she wants to become Britain's number one sex guru.
In 2013 she won the "British Erotic Award for Sex Worker of the Year". In 2014 she appeared in the Channel 4 documentary Love for Sale, a series presented by Rupert Everett. Following this appearance Rose claimed she was the victim of a hate campaign, which resulted in her landlord evicting her and having to move to London. Rose claimed: "What other reason would it be apart from my profession? I don't do any harm, I don't make noise and I am just normal." In 2015 she appeared on an edition of BBC Two's The Daily Politics in which she argued for the decriminalisation of brothels in the United Kingdom. In 2017 she took part in Things Sex Workers are Tired of Hearing, a sketch for the online BBC channel BBC Three.
In 2015 Rose performed in a run of The Sex Workers' Opera at London's Pleasance Theatre. The show, which included elements of opera, hip hop and poetry to tell women's stories, went on its first UK tour in 2017. Rose is also the presenter of Rose Talks Sex, a long-running radio talk show discussing sex and sexual matters.
Rose stopped doing escort work following the death of her partner in a motorcycle accident in 2019. She then bought a motoring home and set herself a challenge to break a Guinness World Record by visiting 150 pubs across England, Scotland and Wales in 12 months. Shortly after she began her journey, her plans were curtailed by the COVID-19 pandemic, although she was able to continue on a smaller scale, visiting and reviewing pubs for her blog. She continues to present her radio show.
Politics
In 2014 Rose began to stand in political elections, campaigning for sexual freedom. She has stood as an independent candidate, but the Sexual Freedom Coalition lists her as standing for the "Sexual Freedom Party".
Rose first stood in the Clacton by-election on 9 October 2014. Out of eight candidates she finished last, taking 56 votes (0.16% of the vote). Rose then stood in the Rochester and Strood by-election. Out of thirteen candidates Rose finished eleventh, taking 43 votes (0.11%).
On 12 December 2014, Rose organised a protest against the Audiovisual Media Services Regulations 2014 amendment to the Communications Act 2003. One of the practices banned was facesitting, so part of the protest was a mass facesitting with people singing "Sit on My Face" by Monty Python. On 1 March 2015 she organised a public spanking event at Manchester's Sackville Gardens, also as a protest against the legislation.
In 2016 Rose gave evidence to the Home Affairs Select Committee, which was looking at the way sex work is treated by legislation. The Committee backed calls to change the rules regarding brothel-keeping and completely decriminalise sex work, though no legislation has been brought before Parliament to act on their recommendations.
References
External links
Page named "Sexual Freedom"
20th-century births
English activists
English women activists
Schoolteachers from Nottinghamshire
English dominatrices
English female prostitutes
Independent politicians in England
Living people
People from Nottingham
Sex education advocates
Sex worker activists in the United Kingdom
Year of birth missing (living people)
Alumni of the University of Plymouth
Independent British political candidates |
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