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23575050 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian%20Zbik | Sebastian Zbik | Sebastian Zbik (born 17 March 1982) is a German professional boxer and the former WBC middleweight Champion of the world. He resides in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
Professional career
Zbik won the interim WBC middleweight title against Italian Domenico Spada on 11 July 2009. He was given the full title in January 2011 when the WBC promoted Sergio Martínez to Emeritus champion.
Zbik lost his newly awarded WBC Middleweight Championship against undefeated Mexican Julio César Chávez Jr. at Staples Center Los Angeles, California on 4 June 2011.
On 13 April 2012, Zbik went to Cologne, Germany, to face fellow German and current WBA Super World Middleweight Champion Felix Sturm in a German world title showdown. Sturm would go on to earn his 16th KO in his 37 wins with a 9th round TKO stoppage of Zbik.
See also
List of WBC world champions
List of middleweight boxing champions
References
External links
Boxing-Encyclopedia
1982 births
Living people
People from Neubrandenburg
World boxing champions
World middleweight boxing champions
World Boxing Council champions
Middleweight boxers
German male boxers
Sportspeople from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania |
6900765 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20the%20American%20Old%20West | Timeline of the American Old West | This timeline of the American Old West is a chronologically ordered list of events significant to the development of the American West as a region of the continental United States. The term "American Old West" refers to a vast geographical area and lengthy-time period of imprecise boundaries, and historians' definitions vary. The events in this timeline occurred primarily in the portion of the modern continental United States west of the Mississippi River, and mostly in the period between the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and the admission of the last western territories as states in 1912 where most of the frontier was already settled and became urbanized; a few typical frontier episodes happened after that, such as the admission of Alaska into the Union in 1959. A brief section summarizing early exploration and settlement prior to 1803 is included to provide a foundation for later developments. Rarely, events significant to the history of the West but which occurred within the modern boundaries of Canada and Mexico are included as well.
Western North America was inhabited for millennia by various groups of Native Americans and later served as a frontier to the Spanish Empire, which began colonizing the region starting in the 16th century. British, French, and Russian claims followed in the 18th and 19th centuries, though these did not result in settlement and the region remained in Spanish hands. After the American Revolution, the newly independent United States began securing its own frontier from the Appalachian Mountains westward for settlement and economic investment by American pioneers. The long history of American expansion into these lands has played a central role in shaping American culture, iconography, and the modern national identity, and remains a popular topic for study by scholars and historians.
Events listed below are notable developments for the region as a whole, not just for a particular state or smaller subdivision of the region; as historians Hine and Faragher put it, they "tell the story of the creation and defense of communities, the use of the lands, the development of markets, and the formation of states.... It is a tale of conquest, but also one of survival, persistence, and the merging of peoples and cultures."
Early exploration and settlement
For almost three centuries after Columbus' voyages to the New World, much of western North America remained unsettled by white colonists, despite various territorial claims made by European colonial powers. European interest in the vast territory was initially motivated by the search for precious metals, especially gold, and the fur trade, with miners, trappers, and hunters among the first people of European descent to permanently settle in the West. The early years were also a period of scientific exploration and survey, such that by 1830 the rough outline of the western half of the continent had been mapped to the Pacific Ocean.
1800s
1810s
1820s
1830s
1840s
1850s
1860s
1870s
1880s
1890s
1900s
1910s
1950s
See also
Historic regions of the United States
Territorial evolution of the United States
List of Old West gunfights
Western United States
Mountain States
Northwestern United States
Southwestern United States
Pacific States
Great Plains
Rocky Mountains
Great Basin
Sierra Nevada
Cascade Range
References
External links
New Perspectives On The West. The West Film Project, WETA-TV, 2001.
Old West
American Old West |
23575051 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1922%20Giro%20d%27Italia | 1922 Giro d'Italia | The 1922 Giro d'Italia was the tenth edition of the Giro d'Italia, a Grand Tour organized and sponsored by the newspaper La Gazzetta dello Sport. The race began on 24 May in Milan with a stage that stretched to Padua, finishing back in Milan on 11 June after a stage and a total distance covered of . The race was won by the Italian rider Giovanni Brunero of the Legnano team. Second and third respectively were the Italian riders Bartolomeo Aymo and Giuseppe Enrici.
Participants
Of the 75 riders that began the Giro d'Italia on 24 May, fifteen of them made it to the finish in Milan on 11 June. Riders were allowed to ride on their own or as a member of a team. There were four teams that competed in the race: Bianchi-Salga, Ganna-Dunlop, Legnano-Pirelli, and Maino-Bergougnan.
The peloton was almost completely composed of Italians. The field featured one former Giro d'Italia champion in the 1919 Giro d'Italia winner Costante Girardengo. Other notable Italian riders that started the race included Giovanni Brunero, Bartolomeo Aymo, and Gaetano Belloni.
Final standings
Stage results
General classification
There were fifteen cyclists who had completed all ten stages. For these cyclists, the times they had needed in each stage was added up for the general classification. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the winner.
Other classifications
There were two other classifications contested at the race. A juniors classification was won Giuseppe Enrici and the isolati classification was won by Domenico Schierano. Each of these classifications were calculated like the general classification.
References
Notes
Citations
1922
Giro d'Italia
Giro d'Italia
Giro d'Italia
Giro d'Italia |
6900780 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bour%2C%20Luxembourg | Bour, Luxembourg | Bour () is a village in the commune of Tuntange, in western Luxembourg. , the town has a population of 64.
Mersch (canton)
Towns in Luxembourg |
6900801 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte%20Harbor%20and%20Northern%20Railway%20Depot | Charlotte Harbor and Northern Railway Depot | The Charlotte Harbor and Northern Railway Depot is a historic Charlotte Harbor and Northern Railway (CH&N) depot in Boca Grande, Florida. It is located at Park and 4th Streets. The station was built by the CH&N in 1910; the railroad's parent company, the American Agriculture and Chemical Company, had several phosphate mines in the area and wanted a railroad to ship its phosphate and other goods. The company played an important role in Boca Grande's early development, both by building the railroad and station and by opening a hotel and selling land. The station continued service when the railroad was acquired by the Seaboard Air Line Railroad in the 1920s. Rail service began to diminish during the Great Depression, and later during the post-World War II period, when it closed in 1958. Until its closure, the railroad was the only land connection between Boca Grande and mainland Florida.
On December 13, 1979, the station was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. Since 1985, the station has been a notable landmark along the Boca Grande Bike Path.
References
External links
Lee County listings at National Register of Historic Places
Florida's Office of Cultural and Historical Programs
Lee County listings
Historic Railroad Depot
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida
Seaboard Air Line Railroad stations
National Register of Historic Places in Lee County, Florida
Gasparilla Island
Transportation buildings and structures in Lee County, Florida |
23575061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyantonde | Lyantonde | Lyantonde is a town in the southern part of the Central Region of Uganda. It is the main municipal, administrative, and commercial center of Lyantonde District.
Location
Lyantonde is approximately , by road, west of Masaka, the nearest large city, on the all-weather Masaka–Mbarara Road. This is approximately , by road, south-west of Kampala, the capital and largest city of Uganda. The coordinates of the town are 0°24'25.0"S, 31°09'27.0"E (Latitude:-0.406944; Longitude:31.157500). Lyantonde Town sits at an average elevation of above mean sea level.
Population
In 2002, the national population census estimated the population of the town to be 7,500. In 2010, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) estimated the population at 8,700. In 2011, UBOS estimated the mid-year population at 8,900. During the national census and household survey of 27 and 28 August 2014, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), enumerated the population of Lyantonde Town at 13,586 people.
In 2015 UBOS estimated the population of the town at 14,100. In 2020, the population agency estimated the mid-year of Lyantonde Town at 16,300. Of these, 8,500 (52.1 percent) were female and 7,800 (47.9 percent) were male. UBOS calculated the growth rate of the town between 2015 until 2020 to average 2.9 percent annually.
Overview
The town lies along the Masaka-Mbarara Road which connects to Kampala, Uganda's capital to the east and Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda to the southwest. Lyantonde serves as a stop-over for long-distance truck drivers plying this route. Although prostitution is illegal in Uganda, prostitutes are readily available in Lyantonde town.
Points of interest
The following points of interest lie within the town limits or near the town edges: (a) The headquarters of Lyantonde District Administration (b)
Lyantonde General Hospital, a 100-bed public hospital administered by the Uganda Ministry of Health (c) Offices of Lyantonde Town Council (d) Lyantonde central market (e) Masaka-Mbarara Road, which passes through the middle of town in a general east/west direction (f) Salaama Vocational Education Centre (SVEC).
See also
List of cities and towns in Uganda
References
External links
Meeting the Truck Stop Prostitutes of Uganda's HIV Capital
Populated places in Central Region, Uganda
Cities in the Great Rift Valley
Lyantonde District |
23575087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beware%20of%20the%20Dog%20%28short%20story%29 | Beware of the Dog (short story) | "Beware of the Dog" is a 1944 World War II story by Roald Dahl which was originally published in Harper's Magazine and later appeared in his Over to You collection. Its basic plot was adapted into the 1965 movie 36 Hours, starring James Garner and Rod Taylor, and the TV movie Breaking Point in 1989.
Story
RAF pilot Peter Williamson sustains a serious injury (the loss of a leg from a cannon shell) while flying a mission over German-controlled Vichy France. He bails out of his plane and later awakes to find himself in a hospital bed in Brighton, on the English coast. As he recovers, strange things keep happening, such as hearing the sound of German warplanes through the window when none would have been nearby. The nurse also mentions that the hospital water is very hard, when Williamson knows the water in Brighton is famous for being soft.
Suspicious and frightened, Williamson drags himself to the window and sees a wooden sign, "GARDE AU CHIEN" (French for “Beware of the Dog”). He now knows that he is actually in Vichy France, and that the English caregivers are Germans in disguise. When they send in a fake RAF commander to convince him to divulge his squadron's location, he stares him straight in the eye and says nothing more than "My name is Peter Williamson. My rank is Squadron Leader and my number is nine, seven, two, four, five, seven."
References
1944 short stories
Prisoners of war in popular culture
Short stories adapted into films
Short stories by Roald Dahl
Works originally published in Harper's Magazine
World War II short stories |
23575096 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire%20Stations%20of%20Oahu | Fire Stations of Oahu | The Honolulu Fire Department (HFD) operates their 44 Fire Stations on the Island of Oahu, and in and around Honolulu. Seven current or former stations are on the National Register of Historic Places, of which five are still in use today as fire stations.
By the 1920s, the accepted style for most public architecture in Honolulu, Hawaii, was Spanish Mission Revival or, more broadly, Mediterranean Revival. Five fire stations built on Oahu between 1924 and 1932 illustrate this stylistic congruence, despite being designed by three different architects. The prototype for all five appears to have been Palama Fire Station, built in 1901 and designed by Oliver G. Traphagen. Honolulu's Central Fire Station, remodeled in 1934, is larger but somewhat similar in style, although with Art Deco embellishments. All seven buildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places on 2 December 1980, even though Palama Fire Station had been added separately on 21 April 1976.
All seven fire stations are box-shaped, two-story structures, with engine bays on the ground floor and dormitories upstairs. All have drying towers, which were required for the cloth-covered rubber hoses of the era in which they were built, but which also serve as visual landmarks and decorative elements. The buildings are all of sturdy masonry, with white stucco walls and tiled roofs, in a Mediterranean style. The Waikiki Fire Station on Kapahulu Avenue followed a similar model when it was built in 1927, but it was extensively remodeled in 1963 to fit an evolving Hawaiian rather than Mediterranean style, so it was excluded from the National Register application.
History
In 1901, just after the devastating Chinatown fire of 1900, the city of Honolulu had three fire stations. The Central Fire Station at that time was a lava-rock building of two-and-a-half stories designed in 1896 by Clinton Briggs Ripley and C.W. Dickey in the Richardsonian Romanesque style that dominated the downtown area at that time. The Makiki Fire Station was a two-story wooden building designed by Ripley and Dickey in 1899. At the time he relocated to Honolulu in 1897, Oliver G. Traphagen had already designed many public buildings in Duluth, Minnesota. During the turn-of-the-century building boom after annexation, he soon became one of the busiest architects in the Territory. When he was commissioned to design the Palama Fire Station in 1901, he gave it a Mediterranean look very different from that of the Romanesque Kakaako Pumping Station he had designed the previous year.
However, the building boom faded soon afterward. Dickey relocated to Oakland, California in 1905, and Traphagen followed in 1907, after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 set the stage for another building boom, as both tourism and migration helped fuel rapid growth during the 1920s. Many nationally known architects opened offices in the islands, and their designs often reflected a California regional style heavily influenced by the work of Bertram Goodhue at the 1915 Panama-California Exposition in San Diego. Dickey reopened an office in Honolulu in 1920 and moved back to the islands in 1925. The new fire stations of the 1920s and 1930s more closely reflected California regional styles than did Traphagen's prototype in 1901.
A new Central Fire Station was built in 1934, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Gallery
Notes
References
Neil, J. Meredith (1975). "The Architecture of C.W. Dickey in Hawai‘i." Hawaiian Journal of History 9:101-113.
Penkiunas, Daina Julia (1990). American Regional Architecture in Hawaii: Honolulu, 1915–1935. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia. (Published by UMI, Ann Arbor, in 1993.)
Report of the Governor of the Territory of Hawaii to the Secretary of the Interior (1901). Washington: Government Printing Office.
External links
Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Hawaii
Hawaiian architecture
History of Oahu
Fire stations in Hawaii
Buildings and structures in Honolulu
Historic American Buildings Survey in Hawaii
National Register of Historic Places in Honolulu |
23575126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Exchequer%20Dam | New Exchequer Dam | New Exchequer Dam is a concrete–faced, rock-fill dam on the Merced River in central California in the United States. It forms Lake McClure, which impounds the river for irrigation and hydroelectric power production and has a capacity of more than . The Merced Irrigation District (MID) operates the dam and was also responsible for its construction.
Built between 1964 and 1967, the dam replaced the old arch type Exchequer Dam and stands high. At the time of completion, it was the largest dam of its kind in the world. The dam is named for the town of Exchequer which now lies under the reservoir, while the reservoir is named for Wilbur F. McClure, the State Engineer of California during construction.
History
In 1926, after five years of planning and construction, MID completed the Exchequer or "Great Exchequer" Dam across the Merced River six miles (9.7 km) above the town of Merced Falls. The dam was a concrete gravity–arch structure high, holding a lake with a capacity of of water. Although the dam was to serve primarily for irrigation, power production began ceremoniously on June 23, 1926 with a press of a telegraph key by President Calvin Coolidge, starting the turbines at a 31 megawatt hydroelectric plant.
By the 1950s, it became apparent that the limited storage capacity at Exchequer was no longer enough to serve the needs of farmers in the Merced River valley. A high dam was proposed to be built just downstream, creating a reservoir nearly four times the size of Exchequer.
Construction of New Exchequer Dam began on July 8, 1964, directly downstream from the old concrete arch dam. Tudor Engineering Company of San Francisco was responsible for the design of the new dam. The dam wall was constructed in vertical zones, which consisted of compacted, alternating layers of coarse and fine material ranging in thickness from . The old Exchequer Dam was incorporated as an upstream toe to help support the rock-fill embankment, which was then armored with a layer of reinforced concrete. The dam was topped out in early 1967 and the power plant went into commercial operation by July.
As the new reservoir filled, it inundated an additional of the Merced River canyon and buried sections of the historic Yosemite Valley Railroad and the mining town of Bagby under of water. New Exchequer was among the first high concrete–faced rock-fill dams in the world, and its untested design resulted in significant leakage, sometimes up to . MID began to repair the leaks in the fall of 1985 under orders from the California Division of Safety of Dams.
The dam has been able to halt major floods in many instances, such as the New Year's Day Flood of 1997. However, it has not always been able to weather the worst droughts – such as in 1977, when the reservoir fell to just , a fourteenth of capacity, and in 1991, which saw historic low water levels of . In February 2015, the reservoir reached its lowest level on record, at or less than 7 percent of total capacity, due to three years of persistent drought.
Dimensions and usage
New Exchequer Dam stands high from the foundations and above the Merced River. The dam is long, wide at the crest, wide at the base and is composed of of fill. High water releases are controlled by an ogee-type, gated overflow spillway located about north of the dam. The dam's power station has a capacity of 94.5 megawatts and generates about 316 million kilowatt hours annually.
The reservoir has a storage capacity of , of which is reserved for flood control. At full pool, the reservoir has an elevation of , with of water and of shoreline. To fulfill downstream flood control requirements, the reservoir will only be allowed to rise into the flood-control pool if the flow downstream at Stevinson is forecast to exceed .
MID has proposed raising the spillway gates of the dam, which would provide up to of additional storage. However, this has met with controversy because it would result in part-time flooding of a portion of the Merced River designated Wild and Scenic. Opponents also point out that the raise is unnecessary, since the reservoir has never overflowed due to flooding since its completion in the mid-1960s.
Lake McClure is also extensively developed for recreational activities, with 515 campsites, four boat ramps and two marinas. In 1992, the lake received 606,000 visitor-days, mostly from May to September.
See also
List of dams and reservoirs in California
List of largest reservoirs of California
List of power stations in California
List of reservoirs and dams in California
List of the tallest dams in the United States
Water in California
References
External links
Photos of original Exchequer Dam
Dams in California
Dams in the San Joaquin River basin
Merced River
Buildings and structures in Mariposa County, California
United States local public utility dams
Concrete-face rock-fill dams
Dams completed in 1967
1967 establishments in California
Hydroelectric power plants in California |
23575135 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Olaf%27s%20Church | St. Olaf's Church | St. Olaf's Church, or variants thereof, refers to churches dedicated to Olaf II of Norway, and may refer to:
Denmark
St. Olaf's Church, Helsingør, ()
Sankt Ols Kirke, Bornholm
Faroe Islands
Saint Olav's Church, Kirkjubøur
Estonia
St. Olaf's Church, Tallinn ()
St. Olaf's Church, Nõva ()
St. Olaf's Church, Vormsi ()
St. Olaf's Church ruins, Väike-Pakri ()
St. Olaf's Chapel ruins in Suur-Pakri ()
Finland
St. Olaf's Church, Jomala, Åland Islands ()
St. Olaf's Church, Jyväskylä ()
St. Olaf's Church, Tyrvää, Sastamala ()
St. Olaf's Church, Ulvila ()
Norway
St. Olaf's Church, Balestrand
Russia
Saint Olaf's Church in Novgorod
United Kingdom
St Olaf's Church, Poughill, Bude, Cornwall
St Olaf's Church, Wasdale, Cumbria
St Olaf's Church (Balliasta), Unst, Shetland
St Olaf's Church (Cruden), Cruden, Scotland
St Olaf's Church (Lunda Wick), Unst, Shetland
St Olaf's Church (Voe), Shetland Mainland
United States
St. Olaf Kirke, a historical Lutheran church located near Cranfills Gap, Texas |
23575145 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20of%20Peace%20Synagogue | House of Peace Synagogue | The House of Peace Synagogue is a former synagogue of the Beth Shalom Congregation in Columbia, South Carolina. It was originally located at 1318 Park Street. After the congregation moved in the 1935, the building was used for the Big Apple Club, which was an African-American night club. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on August 28, 1979. In the early 1980s, the building was moved to its present location at the southeast corner of Hampton and Park Streets. In 1993, it was purchased by the Historic Columbia Foundation and is called the Big Apple.
History
The first Jewish congregation in Columbia, Sharit Israel, met on Assembly Street. Their building was destroyed in the burning of Columbia in the Civil War. The Jewish community diminished after the war until Eastern European immigrants arrived later in the century. In 1896, the Reform Tree of Life synagogue was built. Because of religious differences, the Orthodox Jews in Columbia separated. In 1907, the Orthodox minyan met at a house at Park and Lady Streets that served as their first synagogue. They received a state charter in 1912. This first synagogue was destroyed in a fire in 1915. The new synagogue was built at the site. By the late 1920s, they had outgrown this facility. They moved to their third synagogue on 1719 Marion Street in early 1935. The congregation's synagogue is now at 5827 North Trenholm Road.
The second synagogue on Park Street was then used for the African-American night club called the Big Apple Club. At the club, a dance craze, which was named the Big Apple, was popularized. Students from the University of South Carolina, who paid to watch from a balcony, learned the dance steps. Some of these students took the dance to the Roxy Club in New York in 1937. From there, the dance was briefly popular across the country.
After its use as a night club, the building was used by various commercial establishments. At the time of the preparation of the National Register of Historic Places nomination, it was used by a heating and air conditioning company. In the early 1980s, it was moved nearly two blocks to the corner of Hampton and Park Streets. In 1993, it was purchased by the Historic Columbia Foundation. It has been restored and is available for rental for special occasions.
Architecture
The Big Apple building is two-story, wooden building with a metal gabled roof. At its Park Street site, it was on a raised brick basement. Built for a congregation that was largely Polish and Russian immigrants, it is an example of Eastern Jewish architecture.
The entrance to the building is in a projecting central bay. The door is flanked by wooden pilasters and sidelights under a large arch with stained glass windows. On each side of the arch is a pair of tall narrow, stained glass windows with horseshoe arches. The sides of buildings have five windows with horseshoe arches. Some of have been modified. The sides have pedimented gables with a rondelle.
The interior has central recessed dome. When it was the Big Apple Club, the dome had neon lights shaped like the crescent moon and shooting stars. There is a balcony on the front side of the building. This was the spectator's gallery during operation as the night club.
References
1907 establishments in South Carolina
1915 establishments in South Carolina
African-American history of South Carolina
Ashkenazi Jewish culture in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Columbia, South Carolina
Former religious buildings and structures in South Carolina
Former synagogues in the United States
Jewish organizations established in 1907
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia, South Carolina
Polish-Jewish culture in the United States
Russian-Jewish culture in the United States
Synagogues completed in 1915
Synagogues in South Carolina
Synagogues on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina |
20468144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924%E2%80%9325%20Huddersfield%20Town%20A.F.C.%20season | 1924–25 Huddersfield Town A.F.C. season | The 1924–25 Huddersfield Town season saw Town retain their title for the second consecutive season. Under the guidance of Herbert Chapman, they won the title by 2 clear points from West Bromwich Albion. The mood suddenly changed at the end of the season when Chapman suddenly resigned.
Squad at the start of the season
Review
After winning their first title, Herbert Chapman's team didn't want to give their title back in a hurry, winning their first 4 games and being unbeaten for their 10 league games. Town's defensive line were particularly impressive, only conceding 28 goals during the league season and never conceded more than 2 in any league game. They only conceded 3 goals in their FA Cup game against Bolton Wanderers. They won their 2nd title by 2 points from West Bromwich Albion. However, Town were left bewildered when Herbert Chapman left for Arsenal at the end of the season.
Squad at the end of the season
Results
Division One
FA Cup
Appearances and goals
1924-25
English football clubs 1924–25 season
1925 |
20468153 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Hempstead%20%28AVP-43%29 | USS Hempstead (AVP-43) | What would have been the first USS Hempstead (AVP-43) was a proposed United States Navy seaplane tender that was never laid down.
Construction and commissioning
Hempstead was to have been one of 41 Barnegat-class small seaplane tenders the U.S. Navy planned to commission during the early 1940s, and was to have been built at Houghton, Washington, by the Lake Washington Shipyard. However, by the spring of 1943 the Navy deemed that number of seaplane tenders excess to requirements, and decided to complete four of them as motor torpedo boat tenders and one as a catapult training ship. In addition, the Navy also decided to cancel six of the Barnegat-class ships prior to their construction, freeing up the diesel engines that would have powered them for use in escort vessels and amphibious landing craft.
Hempstead became one of the first four ships to be cancelled when the Navy cancelled its contract with Lake Washington Shipyard for her construction on 22 April 1943.
References
NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive Small Seaplane Tender (AVP) Index
Cancelled ships of the United States Navy
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Barnegat-class seaplane tenders
Ships built at Lake Washington Shipyard |
20468158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajdevi | Rajdevi | Rajdevi (Nepali: राजदेवी) is a municipality in Rautahat District, a part of Province No. 2 in Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 9 sections (wards) from previous 9 former VDCs. It occupies an area of 28.21 km2 with a total population of 31,212.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District
Nepal municipalities established in 2017
Municipalities in Madhesh Province |
20468163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pododesmus%20macrochisma | Pododesmus macrochisma | Pododesmus macrochisma, common name the green falsejingle or the Alaska jingle, is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Anomiidae, the jingle shells.
This species inhabits the northwest Sea of Japan, and more specifically, the coast of the South Primorye at Hokkaido Island, the northern part of Honshu Island, off the southern and eastern Sakhalin in the Kuril Islands, and in the east of Kamchatka in the Commander and Aleutian Islands. More recently it has been found in the Chukchi Sea near Alaska, potentially due to global warming.
References
Huber, M. (2010). Compendium of bivalves. A full-color guide to 3,300 of the world’s marine bivalves. A status on Bivalvia after 250 years of research. Hackenheim: ConchBooks. 901 pp., 1 CD-ROM.
External links
Anomiidae |
23575178 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Write%20Stuff | The Write Stuff | The Write Stuff, "Radio 4's game of literary correctness", was a lighthearted quiz about literature on BBC Radio 4, taking a humorous look at famous literary figures, which ran from 1998 to 2014. It was chaired and written by James Walton. The two teams were captained by novelist Sebastian Faulks and journalist John Walsh, with Beth Chalmers reading literary extracts.
Format
John Walsh and Sebastian Faulks have been team captains since the programme began. They are each joined by another journalist or novelist; frequent guests in later years included John O'Farrell, Mark Billingham and Lynn Truss. Truss stepped in as captain to replace Faulks for series 13 (2010).
Each week, the programme has an "Author of the Week"; W. B. Yeats, E. M. Forster, D. H. Lawrence, Robert Burns, and J. K. Rowling all featured in the programme. The programme has, on occasion, featured a group of writers, rather than a single author, as its key study - for example, poets of the Beat Generation were the featured authors on 26 October 2010. Each programme begins with the panellists reading favourite extracts from the author's writing, and the first round is a series of questions about the author's life and works.
The programme normally ends with panellists having to write a pastiche (or parody; the programme uses the terms interchangeably) based on that week's author of the week. Walton describes these as 'the most popular bit of the programme'. Walton sets a topic that would be so out of style of the author in question that a pastiche would be humorous. For example, when Robert Burns was the author of the week, contestants were asked to write a poem, in the style of Burns, celebrating something typically English; when Philip Roth was the author of the week, contestants were asked how he might have written a children's story. Faulks has published a collection of his parodies as a book, Pistache.
The intervening rounds do not focus on the author of the week. Rounds commonly included are: connections; odd one out; literary mistakes; the archive round; and a music round.
The programme has normally been broadcast at 18:30 on a weekday, one of the Radio 4 comedy slots.
Episodes
Series 1 (1998)
Series 2 (1999)
Series 3 (2000)
Series 4 (2001)
Series 5 (2002)
Christmas Special (2002)
Series 6 (2003)
Series 7 (2004)
Christmas Special (2004)
Series 8 (2005)
Series 9 (2006)
Series 10 (2007)
Series 11 (2008)
Series 12 (2008)
Series 13 (2010)
Series 14 (2010)
Cheltenham Literature Festival Special
Series 15 (2012)
Series 16 (2013)
Series 17 (2014)
References
External links
BBC Radio 4 programmes
British radio game shows
1990s British game shows
2000s British game shows
2010s British game shows |
17335496 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%20Arsenal%20F.C.%20season | 2008–09 Arsenal F.C. season | The 2008–09 season was Arsenal Football Club's 17th consecutive season in the Premier League. This season Arsenal participated in the Premier League, FA Cup, League Cup and the UEFA Champions League.
Events
5 May: Midfielder Mathieu Flamini agrees to a four-year contract with Italian club Milan, meaning he will leave Arsenal on a free transfer on 1 July.
23 May: Physiotherapist Neal Reynolds agrees to join Arsenal from Norwich City.
28 May: Arsenal are granted a work permit for striker Carlos Vela, who spent the 2007–08 season on loan to Osasuna.
3 June: Goalkeeper Jens Lehmann joins VfB Stuttgart on a free transfer.
4 June: Defender Bacary Sagna signs a new "long-term" contract with Arsenal.
9 June: Central defender/defensive midfielder Alex Song agrees to a new "long-term" contract with Arsenal.
9 June: Physiotherapist Gary Lewin agrees to leave Arsenal to become full-time Head of Physiotherapy for England on 1 August.
13 June: Midfielder Aaron Ramsey signs for Arsenal from Cardiff City.
20 June: Defender Gaël Clichy signs a new "long-term" contract with Arsenal.
11 July: Attacking midfielder Samir Nasri signs for Arsenal from Marseille.
16 July: Attacking midfielder Alexander Hleb signs for Barcelona from Arsenal.
17 July: Defensive midfielder Gilberto Silva signs for Panathinaikos from Arsenal.
30 July: Arsenal sign midfielder Amaury Bischoff from Werder Bremen.
9 August: Arsenal retains their Amsterdam Tournament Title after drawing 1–1 with Sevilla.
13 August: Arsenal start their European campaign by defeating Twente in the first leg of their 2008–09 UEFA Champions League Third Round Qualifying Round.
16 August: Defender Justin Hoyte signs for Middlesbrough from Arsenal.
18 August: Striker Emmanuel Adebayor signs a new "long-term" contract with Arsenal.
20 August: Arsenal sign Defender Mikaël Silvestre from Manchester United. Silvestre becomes the first Manchester United player to join Arsenal since Brian Kidd in 1974 .
23 August: Arsenal suffer their first defeat of the season against Fulham by losing 1–0 from a Brede Hangeland goal.
27 August: Arsenal qualify for the group stages of the Champions League by defeating Twente 4–0 at the Emirates Stadium and 6–0 on aggregate.
1 September: Defender Kieran Gibbs signs a new contract with Arsenal.
22 September: Swiss defender Johan Djourou signs a new "long-term" contract with Arsenal.
27 September: Arsenal's second defeat at the Emirates Stadium was a 2–1 loss to Hull City who came back from an Arsenal lead early in the second half.
21 November: Sky Sports News and the BBC report that William Gallas has been stripped of the Arsenal captaincy following a verbal outburst against other players, however Arsenal FC refuse to comment.
24 November: Arsène Wenger announces that Cesc Fàbregas is the new permanent Arsenal captain, thus confirming reports that William Gallas has been stripped of the captaincy.
23 December: Arsenal captain Cesc Fàbregas is ruled out for 4 months with a ligament injury after colliding with fellow Spaniard Xabi Alonso in a 1–1 draw with Liverpool.
5 January: Midfielder Jack Wilshere signs a professional contract with Arsenal.
3 February: After protracted transfer negotiations, Arsenal announce the signing of Russian international Andrey Arshavin for an undisclosed fee.
8 February: 350 days after suffering a broken leg and open dislocation to his ankle, striker Eduardo is named on the substitutes bench in Arsenal's 0–0 draw against rivals Tottenham Hotspur.
16 February: Striker Eduardo makes his first start in nearly a year in Arsenal's fourth round replay against Cardiff. He scores twice before being substituted in the 67th minute in a 4–0 win.
11 March: Arsenal progress to the quarter-finals of the Champions League after beating Roma 7–6 on penalties after the tie was level at 1–1 after two legs.
14 March: Andrey Arshavin scores his first goal for Arsenal in the club's 4–0 Premier League victory over Blackburn Rovers.
18 April: Amid various injuries in defence, Arsenal are knocked out of the FA Cup in a 2–1 defeat to Chelsea at Wembley Stadium in the semi-finals.
21 April: 4 goals from man of the match Andrey Arshavin dents Liverpool's Premier League title hopes. The match at Anfield ends in a 4–4 draw.
5 May: Arsenal are knocked out of the UEFA Champions League, losing 4–1 on aggregate to defending champions, Manchester United.
8 May: Striker Theo Walcott signs a new "long-term" contract with Arsenal.
8 May: Striker Nicklas Bendtner is fined for "unacceptable" behaviour following nightclub disrepute after the Manchester United game. Bendtner apologised for his actions shortly afterward.
Players
Squad information
Transfers
In
Total spending: £32,550,000
Out
Total income: £15,900,000
Loan out
Overall transfer activity
Spending
£32,550,000
Income
£15,900,000
Net expenditure
£16,650,000
Squad stats
|}
Source: Arsenal F.C.
Disciplinary record
Start formations
Club
Coaching staff
Kit
Supplier: Nike / Sponsor: Fly Emirates
Kit information
The completely new set of Arsenal kit was launched.
Home The home kit was rather controversial, as Nike ditched the white sleeves that the club was well known for. The shirt has a white wide stripe on each sleeve, flanked by two dark red, narrower stripes. It has a red V-neck collar which is the same colour as the primary shirt colour. The shirt is complemented by white shorts with a dark-red trim, and white socks with a red horizontal stripe. Red socks with white horizontal stripe were used in some away games. Arsenal revealed that the kit would be used for two seasons.
Away The away kit harps back to the glory days of the late 1980s which gave the strip a modern touch, where the shirts are yellow with navy sleeves and a red trim. The shorts are navy with red trim and the socks are yellow and blue. It featured red trimmings on the side of the strip.
Third: The third kit retained away kit last season was unchanged.
Keeper The three goalkeeper kit, which were all based on Nike's new template, which in turn featured one conspicuous swirl on the kit. The main kit was grey, but the second kit was green/navy and the third kit black was available, should they be required.
Other information
Competitions
Overall
Premier League
Final league table
Results summary
Results by round
Matches
UEFA Champions League
Third qualifying round
Group stage
Knockout phase
Round of 16
Quarter-finals
Semi-finals
FA Cup
Football League Cup
Pre-season
Last updated: 9 AugustSource: Arsenal FC
See also
2008–09 in English football
List of Arsenal F.C. seasons
References
External links
Arsenal 2008-09 on statto.com
Arsenal F.C. seasons
Arsenal |
20468172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajpur%2C%20Rautahat | Rajpur, Rautahat | Rajpur Farhadwa (Nepali: राजपुर) is a municipality in Rautahat District, a part of Madhesh Province in Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 9 sections (wards) from previous 9 former VDCs. It occupies an area of 31.41 km2 with a total population of 41,136 as of 2011.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District
Nepal municipalities established in 2017
Municipalities in Madhesh Province |
17335499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Hicks%20House | Joseph Hicks House | The Joseph Hicks House was a historic house at 494 Main Road in Tiverton, Rhode Island. The house was a two-story wood-frame structure, which was originally built with brick side walls, and became known locally as "the Brick House". These walls were covered over by clapboarding as part of a series of alterations in 1893, which did not otherwise significant obscure the building's modest Federal characteristics. The main facade was five bays wide, with a hip roof that has eaves deeper than normally found on Federal houses. The Hicks family, which owned it for many years, was one of the first to settle in the Tiverton area.
The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It was demolished in the 1980s for the construction of a CVS Pharmacy, which is now Tom's Market.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in Tiverton, Rhode Island
Houses in Newport County, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island
Federal architecture in Rhode Island |
20468183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajpur%20Tulsi | Rajpur Tulsi | Rajpur Tulsi is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3097 people living in 541 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
17335512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Ford%20Bell%20Lecture | James Ford Bell Lecture | The James Ford Bell Lecture has been delivered annually since 1964 in the James Ford Bell Library at the University of Minnesota on a topic relating to the collections of the Library: the history of global trade before ca. 1800 CE.
List of the published James Ford Bell Lectures
5. Saints and sinners at sea by Vincent H. Cassidy. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 1968.
6. On book collecting: the story of my Drake library by Hans P. Kraus. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 1969.
7. Pehr Kalm and the image of North America by Nils William Olsson. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 1970.
8 All the peoples of the world are men by Lewis Hanke. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1970.
9 The exploration of Canada: some geographical considerations by Eric W. Morse. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1971.
10 The Barbary pirates: victims and the scourage of Christendom by Paul W. Bamford. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1972.
12 The economy and society of colonial Brazil: a brief overview by Stuart B. Schwartz. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1974.
13 The European presence in West Africa before 1800 by Victoria Bomba Coifman. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1975.
14 The Minnesota Vincent of Beauvais manuscript and Cistercian thirteenth-century book decoration by Alison Stones. Minneapolis: The Association of The James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1977.
15 The orderly landscape: landscape tastes and the United States survey by Hildegard Binder Johnson. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1977.
16 The efficient plantation and the inefficient hacienda by Ward Barrett. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1979.
17 The bay where Hudson did winter by Linden J. Lundstrom. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1980.
18 Reversing the telescope: Louis Hennepin and three hundred years of historical perspective by Rhoda R. Gilman. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1981.
19 By inch of candle: a sale at East-India-House, 21 September 1675 by Otto Charles Thieme. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1982.
20 In search of silk: Adam Olearius’ mission to Russia and Persia by Gerhard H. Weiss. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1983.
21 Technology transfer and cultural subversion: tensions in the early Jesuit mission to China by Edward L. Farmer. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1983.
22 Sir Joseph Banks and the origins of science policy by A. Hunter Dupree. Minneapolis: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1984.
23 Pirates: myths and realities by Robert C. Ritchie. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1986.
24 Life at sea in the sixteenth century: the landlubber’s lament of Eugenio de Salazar [translated] by Carla Rahn Phillips. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1987.
25 Goods, ideas, and values: the East Indies trade as an agent of change in eighteenth-century Sweden by Michael F. Metcalf. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1988.
26 Representations of slavery: John Gabriel Stedman’s "Minnesota" manuscripts by Richard Price. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1989.
27 Towards superiority: European and Indian medicine, 1500-1700 by M. N. Pearson. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1989.
28 Disease and imperialism before the nineteenth century by Philip D. Curtin. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1990.
29 Richard Eden, advocate of empire by John "Jack" Parker. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1991.
30 The making of an elite enterprise: the Jesuits in the Portuguese Assistancy, 16th to 18th centuries by Dauril Alden. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1992.
31 My long journey with National Geographic by Merle Severy. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1993.
32 Moravian missionaries at work in a Jamaican slave community, 1754-1835 by Richard S. Dunn. [Minneapolis]: The Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1994.
33 The medieval origins of European expansion by William D. Phillips, Jr. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1996.
34 "The four parts of the world": Giovanni Francesco Camocio’s wall maps by David Woodward. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 1997.
35 Thomas Forrest: Renaissance seaman by Joseph E. Schwartzberg. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 1998.
36 An epic American exploration: the friendship of Lewis and Clark by Stephen E. Ambrose. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 1998.
37 Learning from legends on the James Ford Bell Library mappamundi by Scott D. Westrem. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 2000.
38 Emperor Charles V’s crusades against Tunis and Algiers: appearance and reality by James D. Tracy. [Minneapolis, MN]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 2001.
39 Continuity and discontinuity in the sixteenth-century New World by Felipe Fernández-Armesto. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, 2001.
40 Acquisition of rare books, manuscripts and maps: a curator’s commentary by Carol Urness. [Minneapolis]: Associates of the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, 2005.
Sources
University of Minnesota Library Catalogue
Bell
University of Minnesota
Early Modern period |
17335515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20Sullivan%20%28American%20football%29 | Gene Sullivan (American football) | Gene Sullivan is a former American football coach. He was the 28th head football coach at the Geneva College in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, serving for 17 seasons, from 1976 to 1992, and compiling a record of 76–82–2.
While at Geneva, Sullivan hired Mark Mangino as an assistant coach. Geneva's current head coach Geno DeMarco first played and later was an assistant coach for Sullivan.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Geneva Golden Tornadoes football coaches |
20468189 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramoli%20Bairiya | Ramoli Bairiya | Ramoli Bairiya is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3724 people living in 705 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
20468194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladas%20Michelevi%C4%8Dius | Vladas Michelevičius | Vladislovas Michelevičius (8 June 1924 – 12 November 2008) was a Lithuanian bishop for the Catholic Church.
Born in 1924 he was ordained as a priest on 31 October 1948. On 13 November 1986 he was appointed as the Auxiliary Bishop of Kaunas, Titular Bishop of Thapsus, and Auxiliary Bishop of Vilkaviškis. Michelevičius resigned as Bishop of Vilkaviškis on 10 March 1989. He retired in 1999 and died on 12 November 2008.
External links
Catholic-Hierarchy
1924 births
2008 deaths
People from Kaunas District Municipality
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Lithuania
Soviet Catholics |
17335534 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton%20Hoppin%20House | Hamilton Hoppin House | The Hamilton Hoppin House is an historic house at 120 Miantonomi Ave in Middletown, Rhode Island. It has been known by several names, including Villalon, Montpelier, Shadow Lawn, Agincourt Inn, and, currently, The Inn at Villalon.
The oldest part of the house was designed by architect Richard Upjohn, as was Kingscote in Newport. It was built in an Italianate style in the mid-nineteenth century and it is one of the first Italianate stick-style houses to be built in the United States. The Hamilton Hoppin House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
The house was featured on an episode of Weird Travels as the Inn at Shadow Lawn and it was claimed to be haunted.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Richard Upjohn buildings
Houses in Newport County, Rhode Island
Italianate architecture in Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in Middletown, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island |
17335537 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Business%20of%20Being%20Born | The Business of Being Born | The Business of Being Born is a 2008 documentary film that explores the contemporary experience of childbirth in the United States. Directed by Abby Epstein and produced by Ricki Lake, it compares various childbirth methods, including midwives, natural births, epidurals, and Cesarean sections.
Content
The film criticizes the American health care system with its emphasis on medicines and costly interventions and its view of childbirth as a medical emergency rather than a natural occurrence. Lake drew inspiration for the documentary from the disappointing experience she had had with the birth of her first son, Milo Sebastian Sussman.
The film documents actual home births and water births, including in the latter category that of Lake's own second son, Owen Tyler Sussman. They follow a midwife, Cara, in New York City as she takes care of and attends several births. They then give the audience several statistics about our current birthing techniques and challenge today's doctors. Many experts are interviewed and they cite a multitude of reasons for these, such as the overuse of medical procedures in the interest of saving time.
Cast
Ricki Lake
Abby Epstein
Julia Barnett Tracy
Louann Brizendine
Michael L. Brodman
Natashia Fuksman
DVD release
The DVD was released in the US on May 6, 2008 and soon after an international version was released.
See also
Orgasmic Birth: The Best-Kept Secret
More Business of Being Born
Homebirth
Waterbirth
Midwife
Doulas
References
External links
Interview by Lamaze President Allison Walsh
Interview by Motherwords
Interview by Celesta Rannisi, Host of "Timely Topics in Childbirth"
2008 films
American documentary films
Documentary films about pregnancy
2008 documentary films
2000s pregnancy films
American pregnancy films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films |
20468199 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rampur%20Khap | Rampur Khap | Rampur Khap is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3194 people living in 594 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
23575185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999%20Rink%20Hockey%20World%20Championship | 1999 Rink Hockey World Championship | The 1999 Rink Hockey World Championship was the 34th edition of the Rink Hockey World Championship, held between 4 and 12 June 1999, in Reus, Catalonia, Spain. It was disputed by 12 teams.
Format
The competition was disputed by 12 countries, divided in two groups of 6 teams each one.
Every game lasted 40 minutes, divided in 2 parts of 20 minutes.
Matches
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Championship Knockout stage
5th place bracket
9th to 12th place stage
Final standings
References
External links
Official (Archived 2009-07-22)
Roller Hockey World Cup
World Championship
Rink Hockey World Championship
Rink Hockey World Championship
International roller hockey competitions hosted by Spain
Sport in Reus |
17335555 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Croton%20Aqueduct | New Croton Aqueduct | The New Croton Aqueduct is an aqueduct in the New York City water supply system in Westchester County, New York carrying the water of the Croton Watershed. Built roughly parallel to the Old Croton Aqueduct it originally augmented, the new system opened in 1890. The old aqueduct remained in service until 1955, when supply from the Delaware and Catskill Aqueducts was sufficient to take it off line.
Waters of the New Croton Aqueduct flow to the Jerome Park Reservoir in the Bronx before entering Croton Water Filtration Plant in Van Cortlandt Park for treatment, then out to distribution.
Overview
The Croton Watershed is one of three systems that provide water to New York City, joined by the waters of the Delaware and Catskill Aqueducts. The Croton system comprises 12 reservoirs and 3 controlled lakes.
History
The New Croton Aqueduct opened on July 15, 1890, replacing the Old Croton Aqueduct. The newer aqueduct is a brick-lined tunnel, in diameter and long, running from the New Croton Reservoir in Westchester County to the Jerome Park Reservoir in the Bronx. Water flows then proceed toward the Croton Water Filtration Plant for treatment. Treated water is distributed to certain areas of the Bronx and Manhattan.
In the late 1990s, the city stopped using water from the Croton system due to numerous water quality issues. In 1997 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Justice and the State of New York filed suit against the city for violating the Safe Drinking Water Act and the New York State Sanitary Code. The city government agreed to rehabilitate the New Croton Aqueduct and build a filtration plant. The filtration system protects the public from disease-causing microorganisms such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium. The Croton Water Filtration Plant was activated in May 2015.
See also
New York City water supply system
Water supply network
References
Aqueducts in New York (state)
Geography of the Bronx
Interbasin transfer
Transportation buildings and structures in Westchester County, New York
Water infrastructure of New York City |
23575190 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravensworth%2C%20Virginia | Ravensworth, Virginia | Ravensworth is a census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. Its name reflects Ravensworth plantation, farmed since the 18th century and manor house which burned under mysterious circumstances on August 1, 1926. The Ravensworth Farm subdivision was developed in the early 1960s. The 2010 census lists the area's population as 2,466. It is part of the Washington metropolitan area.
Geography
Ravensworth is in eastern Fairfax County, bordered by the Capital Beltway to the northeast, Braddock Road to the north, Accotink Creek to the west, Lake Accotink to the south, and Flag Run to the southeast. Neighboring communities are Wakefield to the north, North Springfield to the east, and Kings Park to the south and west. Downtown Washington, D.C. is to the northeast. The CDP border follows Accotink Creek to the west, Braddock Road to the north, Interstate 495 to the east, and Flag Run to the southeast.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Ravensworth CDP has a total area of , of which is land and , or 10.02%, is water.
The Ravensworth Farm community has a neighborhood pool and a civic association, and is home to the notorious Golden Ravens. The Ravensworth Shopping Center has stores including 7-Eleven, The Swiss Bakery, Lotte Plaza Market (which replaced Safeway), and Jersey Mike's Subs. Ravensworth Elementary School is located in the middle of the neighborhood. It has a 7/10 rating on Great Schools.
Economy
The corporate headquarters of Ensco is physically located in Ravensworth CDP, with a Springfield postal address.
Education
Fairfax County Public Schools operates Ravensworth Elementary School in the CDP.
References
Census-designated places in Fairfax County, Virginia
Washington metropolitan area
Census-designated places in Virginia |
17335572 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89dgar%20Eusebio%20Mill%C3%A1n%20G%C3%B3mez | Édgar Eusebio Millán Gómez | Édgar Eusebio Millán Gómez (1967 – 8 May 2008) was a third-ranking member of Mexico's Secretariat of Public Security and acting commissioner of the Federal Preventive Police. Born in Mexico City, he received a law degree from the Universidad del Valle de México. After graduating he started his career in the Mexican Federal Police and received training in several countries.
On 8 May 2008, at the age of 41, Commander Millán was shot to death at his Mexico City home just after arriving at midnight. He was hit eight times in the chest and once in a hand. He died a few hours later at Metropolitan Hospital. Intelligence officials said it was highly likely that he was killed in retribution for the arrest on 21 January of Alfredo Beltrán Leyva.
His funeral was attended by the highest-ranking officials in Mexico, including President Felipe Calderón and Guillermo Galván Galván, general of the Mexican Army.
In June 2011, a federal judge sentenced his killer, Alejandro Ramirez Baez, to 60 years in prison along with an accomplice. Alejandro Ramirez Baez killed Edgar Millán Gomez on behalf of the Beltrán-Leyva Cartel.
References
1967 births
2008 deaths
Deaths by firearm in Mexico
People murdered by Mexican drug cartels
People murdered in Mexico
Chiefs of police
Male murder victims
Mexican police officers
Victims of the Mexican Drug War |
17335573 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamestown%20Archeological%20District | Jamestown Archeological District | The Jamestown Archeological District (also known as the Great Creek Archeological District) is an expansive archaeological district which is the site of a major prehistoric Native American settlement in Jamestown, Rhode Island. The full extent of archaeologically-sensitive areas has not been fully identified (as of 2014), but is known to extend from Narragansett Avenue in the south to Rhode Island Route 138 in the north, and from Narragansett Bay in the west to North Road. The district overlaps the historically significant Windmill Hill Historic District, and the nearly Watson Farm. The district includes one of largest Native American burying grounds in New England, and includes evidence of occupation dating to 3,000 BC.
The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References
Historic districts in Newport County, Rhode Island
Jamestown, Rhode Island
Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island |
17335592 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoene%20van%20Haersolte | Amoene van Haersolte | Jkvr. Amoëne van Haersolte (born Ernestine Amoene Sophia van Holthe tot Echten; 23 February 1890 – 11 August 1952) was a Dutch author of prose writing.
Van Haersolte was born in Utrecht. She won the first P. C. Hooft Award in 1947. She died, aged 62, in Dalfsen.
Bibliography
Novels
1949 - De komeet en het harlekijntje
1951 - Lucile
1953 - De roerkop
Novellas
1927 - De laatsten
1946 - Sophia in de Koestraat
1953 - De roerkop
1890 births
1952 deaths
Jonkvrouws of the Netherlands
P. C. Hooft Award winners
Writers from Utrecht (city) |
23575238 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ambassadors%20of%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20to%20Tunisia | List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Tunisia | The Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Tunisia is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative to the Republic of Tunisia, and head of the UK's diplomatic mission in Tunis.
Ambassadors
1956–1960: Angus Malcolm
1960–1963: Anthony Lambert
1963–1966: Sir Herbert Marchant
1966–1967: Robin Hooper
1968–1970: Edward Warner
1970–1973: Archibald Mackenzie
1973–1975: John Marnham
1975–1977: Glencairn Balfour Paul
1977–1981: Sir John Lambert
1981–1984: Sir Alexander Stirling
1984–1987: Sir James Adams
1987–1992: Stephen Day
1992–1995: Michael Tait
1995–1999: Richard Edis
1999–2002: Ivor Rawlinson
2002–2004: Robin Kealy
2004–2008: Alan Goulty
2008–2013: Chris O'Connor
2013–2016: Hamish Cowell
2016–2020: Louise De Sousa
2021-: Helen Winterton
References
General
Specific
External links
UK and Tunisia, gov.uk
British Embassy Tunis on Facebook
Tunisia
United Kingdom |
23575261 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone%20Cold%20Sober%20%28disambiguation%29 | Stone Cold Sober (disambiguation) | Stone Cold Sober may refer to
Stone Cold Sober (album), a studio album from the German thrash metal band Tankard, or a song from that album
"Stone Cold Sober" (Paloma Faith song), a song performed by Paloma Faith.
"Stone Cold Sober" (Brantley Gilbert song), a song performed by Brantley Gilbert.
"Stone Cold Sober", a song by Rod Stewart, from his 1975 album Atlantic Crossing
"Stone Cold Sober", a song by Del Amitri, from their 1989 album Waking Hours
"Stone Cold Sober", a song by Crawler, from their 1977 album Crawler |
23575298 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegfried%20Mynhardt | Siegfried Mynhardt | Siegfried Mynhardt (5 March 1906 – 28 March 1996) was a South African actor.
Personal life
Mynhardt was born in Johannesburg and lived in a Wynberg army camp, where his father was a padre. He had three children with his wife, Jocelyn.
Career
As well as appearing in several films and several television projects, Mynhardt was also known for his work in both South African and British theatre.
After the end of school, he started appearing in theatre productions across South Africa.
He admitted that he learnt true professionalism in the 1930s, when he was performing in the Old Vic in London and sharing a flat with Alec Guinness.
His credits included appearing in Dingaka, a 1965 film by the acclaimed South African director, Jamie Uys. He later appeared alongside Jacqueline Bisset in A Cape Town Affair.
On 26 January 2020, Siegfried was also inaugurated as a living legend in the South African Legends Museum. He's nephew, Shaun Mynhardt dedicated the museum in memory of Siegie.
Selected filmography
References
External links
1900s births
1996 deaths
20th-century South African male actors
Male actors from Johannesburg
South African male film actors
South African male stage actors
White South African people |
23575355 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandinka%20%28song%29 | Mandinka (song) | "Mandinka" is a song by Sinéad O'Connor from her 1987 album The Lion and the Cobra.
Background
In an April 1988 interview with The Tech, O'Connor said: "Mandinkas are an African tribe. They're mentioned in a book called Roots by Alex Haley, which is what the song is about. In order to understand it you must read the book."
Critical reception
AllMusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine described the song as "hard-rocking". Steven Wells from NME stated that it is a "stark reminder that O'Connor is blessed with an amazing and unique voice". Sal Cinquemani from Slant noted its "indie-rock splendor" in his review of The Lion and the Cobra.
Chart performance
The single "Mandinka" also topped the dance chart. The single was a mainstream pop hit in the UK, peaking at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart, number 6 in O'Connor's native Ireland, number 24 in the Netherlands, number 26 in Belgium, number 18 in New Zealand, and number 39 in Australia.
Music video
The video for "Mandinka" was in heavy rotation after debuting 24 January 1988 in 120 Minutes on MTV.
Live performances
In 1988, O'Connor sang "Mandinka" on Late Night with David Letterman, which was her first US network television appearance. She also sang the song live at the 1989 Grammy Awards.
Charts
References
1987 songs
1987 singles
Chrysalis Records singles
Sinéad O'Connor songs
Songs written by Sinéad O'Connor |
23575382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoril%20Open%20%28golf%29 | Estoril Open (golf) | The Estoril Open was a golf tournament on the European Tour in 1999. It was held at Penha Longa in Estoril, Portugal from 15 to 18 April. It was won by Jean-François Remésy who shot a 2-under-par total of 286, to finish as the only player under par.
The renewal of the Estoril Open in 2000 was cancelled due to sponsorship problems. The event was also included on the European Tour schedule in 2001, but was cancelled again.
Winners
References
External links
Coverage on the European Tour's official site
Former European Tour events
Golf tournaments in Portugal
Sport in Estoril
Defunct sports competitions in Portugal |
23575399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williams%20Fieldhouse | Williams Fieldhouse | Williams Fieldhouse is a 2,300-seat multi-purpose arena in Platteville, Wisconsin. It is home to the NCAA Division III University of Wisconsin-Platteville Pioneers basketball team. It opened in 1962.
The playing surface was named "Bo Ryan Court" in 2007 in honor of Bo Ryan, the coach at UW-Platteville from 1984 to 1999, who led the Pioneers to four national titles. He later coached the UW-Madison basketball team.
References
Buildings and structures in Grant County, Wisconsin
College basketball venues in the United States
Basketball venues in Wisconsin
Wisconsin–Platteville Pioneers men's basketball |
23575411 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dating%20in%20the%20Dark | Dating in the Dark | Dating in the Dark () is a reality show created in the Netherlands where 3 single men and 3 single women move into a light-tight house getting to know each other and form bonds in total darkness.
Format
Dating
Three men and three women are sequestered in separate wings of the house, unable to have any conversation or contact with the opposite sex unless in the dark room. Initially, all six contestants have a group date in which they all sit at a table in the dark room exchanging names and getting to know one another's voices and personality types. After this date, each contestant can invite another contestant for a one-on-one date; these dates are also held in the dark room.
Throughout the show, the host provides the men and women with additional insights by providing personality profiles showing which contestants are their best matches and also allowing them to view items the others have brought to the house, such as items of clothing or luggage. Other episodes include sketch artists drawing contestants' impressions of each other.
After the one-on-one dates, each contestant can choose to invite another that they wish to see. The contestants enter the dark room for the final time and are revealed to each other one at a time. During the reveal process the couple must remain silent.
The Reveal Process
While being shown in the light, a contestant cannot see the other contestant's reaction. Each contestant is standing at opposite ends of the dark room with a very large two-way mirror between them. A color camera films from the dark side of the mirror while the other is illuminated on the other side. A separate infrared camera films the person on the dark side's reaction; the two images are combined in post-production. This is done, in part, by using video editing software to fade the infrared image of the person being revealed to black before they are illuminated, then seamlessly showing the color image of the person being revealed as it is faded in and out. During the reveal process the couple must remain silent.
The Balcony
The show culminates with each contestant choosing whether to meet another on the balcony of the house. The contestant will go to the balcony and wait for his or her prospective partner to join him or her. Joining the other on the balcony signifies that the contestants both want to pursue a relationship; exiting the house through the front door signifies that they do not want to pursue a relationship. Cameras are set up to show both the meeting balcony and the front door.
International versions
References
External links
Dutch version official website
Australian version official website
Finnish version official website
Israeli version official website
Dating and relationship reality television series |
20468206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%20United%20States%20presidential%20election%20in%20Connecticut | 2008 United States presidential election in Connecticut | The 2008 United States presidential election in Connecticut took place on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose seven representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
Connecticut was won by Democratic nominee Barack Obama with a 22.4% margin of victory. Connecticut was one of the six states that had every county—including traditionally Republican Litchfield County—go for Obama, the others being Hawaii, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Connecticut has not voted for a Republican presidential nominee since 1988 when the state was carried by George H.W. Bush over Michael Dukakis.
As of 2020, this was the most recent presidential election in which the Democratic nominee carried the towns of Barkhamsted, Colebrook, New Hartford, Plymouth, Preston, Scotland, Thompson, Torrington, and Winchester. This is also the only time since 1916 that the town of Warren voted Democratic. , this is the last election in which Litchfield County voted for the Democratic candidate, also making it the last time any presidential candidate has won every single county in the state.
Primaries
2008 Connecticut Democratic presidential primary
2008 Connecticut Republican presidential primary
Campaign
Predictions
There were 16 news organizations who made state-by-state predictions of the election. Here are their last predictions before election day:
Polling
Barack Obama won every single poll taken in the state, and every one of them by a double-digit margin of victory.
Fundraising
John McCain raised a total of $3,966,985. Barack Obama raised $9,727,617.
Advertising and visits
Obama spent $730,335 while McCain spent nothing on the state. Neither campaign visited the state.
Analysis
Connecticut is a part of New England, an area of the country that has in recent decades become a Democratic stronghold. The state went Republican in most of the elections from 1948 to 1988, the exceptions being the three in the 1960s. However, following Bill Clinton's narrow victory in the state in 1992, it has not been seriously contested by Republicans since. McCain ceded the state to Obama early on, despite the endorsement of the state's incumbent Senator Joe Lieberman, a Democrat-turned-Independent who still caucused with the Democrats but backed McCain for president in 2008.
In 2006, Democrats knocked off two incumbent Republicans and picked up two U.S. House seats in CT-02 and CT-05 (Joe Courtney and Chris Murphy, respectively). Although then-Governor M. Jodi Rell and Lieutenant Governor Michael Fedele were both moderate Republicans, all other statewide offices were held by Democrats. Democrats also enjoyed a supermajority status in both chambers of the Connecticut state legislature.
In 2008, Democrat Jim Himes defeated incumbent Republican Christopher Shays, who was at the time the only Republican member of the U.S. House from New England, for the U.S. House seat in Connecticut's 4th congressional district. This was largely because Obama carried the district with a staggering 60% of the vote—one of his best performances in a Republican-held district. Shays' defeat meant that for the first time in almost 150 years, there were no Republican Representatives from New England. In no other part of the country is a major political party completely shut out. At the state level, Democrats picked up 6 seats in the Connecticut House of Representatives and 1 seat in the Connecticut Senate.
Results
By county
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
Litchfield (largest borough: Litchfield)
By congressional district
Barack Obama carried all 5 of Connecticut’s congressional districts.
Electors
Technically the voters of Connecticut cast their ballots for electors: representatives to the Electoral College. Connecticut is allocated 7 electors because it has 5 congressional districts and 2 senators. All candidates who appear on the ballot or qualify to receive write-in votes must submit a list of 7 electors, who pledge to vote for their candidate and his or her running mate. Whoever wins the majority of votes in the state is awarded all sevenelectoral votes. Their chosen electors then vote for president and vice president. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them. An elector who votes for someone other than his or her candidate is known as a faithless elector.
The electors of each state and the District of Columbia met on December 15, 2008, to cast their votes for president and vice president. The Electoral College itself never meets as one body. Instead the electors from each state and the District of Columbia met in their respective capitols.
The following were the members of the Electoral College from the state. All 7 were pledged to Barack Obama and Joe Biden:
Shirley Steinmetz
Nicholas Paindiris
Andrea Jackson Brooks
Jim Ezzes
Lorraine McQueen
Deborah McFadden
Ken Delacruz
See also
United States presidential elections in Connecticut
References
Connecticut
2008
2008 Connecticut elections |
20468210 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangapur%2C%20Rautahat | Rangapur, Rautahat | Rangapur is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 8141 people living in 1487 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
23575425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotaru%20Hazuki | Hotaru Hazuki | is a Japanese actress and gravure model known for her work on the stage and in more pink films. She has appeared in award-winning pink films and was given "Best Actress" awards at the Pink Grand Prix for her work in this genre in 1995 and 1996. Including second-place awards, Hazuki has won five awards in the Best Actress category and one Best New Actress award, a record at the Pink Grand Prix. She has been called the "Queen of Pink Eiga" and the "Last Pink Actress."
Life and career
Hotaru Hazuki was born in Fukushima Prefecture in 1970 as . She joined the Suizokukan Gekijō (Aquarium Theater) theatrical group while in university. Besides performing in the groups' productions, she works as co-organizer. She uses her birth name in her stage career.
Hazuki made her screen debut in director Takahisa Zeze's 1993 film Modern Story About Bandits aka The Legend of the Thief. Her role in Toshiya Ueno's Keep on Masturbating: Non-Stop Pleasure (1994) won her the Best New Actress, 2nd Place at the Pink Grand Prix. To pink film audiences she is known less for her beauty than for her strong stage presence and unique vocal performance. Anglophone pink film critic Jasper Sharp notes her "aloof, composed and slightly melancholic figure."
She became closely associated with the work of Toshiki Satō, starring in some of his highest-regarded films, including the Pink Grand Prix Best Film-winners Blissful Genuine Sex: Penetration! (1995) and Adultery Diary: One More Time While I'm Still Wet (1996). Hazuki was given the Best Actress award for her work in both films. Her work in Satō's Apartment Wife: Midday Adultery (1997), Ueno's The Lustful Sister-in-Law 2: Erotic Games (1999) and pink film actor-director Yutaka Ikejima's Obscene Stalker: It Holds in Darkness! (2002) won her the Best Actress Silver Prize in three more of the annual ceremonies.
In recent years Hazuki has appeared in mainstream films such as Man Walking on Snow, which screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. The cast listing gives her name as Sayoko Ishii.
References
|-
! colspan="3" style="background: #DAA520;" | Pink Grand Prix
|-
|-
External links
English
Japanese
1970 births
Japanese film actresses
Japanese female adult models
Japanese gravure idols
Pink film actors
Living people
Actors from Fukushima Prefecture
Models from Fukushima Prefecture |
20468216 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Bisset%20%28artist%29 | James Bisset (artist) | James Bisset (ca. 1762 – 17 August 1832) was a Scottish-born artist, manufacturer, writer, collector, art dealer and poet, who spent most of his life in and around Birmingham, England.
Bisset was born in Perth, the son of a merchant who invested the Baltic flax trade but had fallen upon hard times. He was educated at Perth Academy until 1776 when he moved at the age of 13 to Birmingham, where his brother had established himself as a merchant. At the age of 15 Bisset obtained an apprenticeship with a Birmingham japanner, and by 1785 was listed in a local trade directory as a painter of miniatures. His invention of a method of painting on the inside of convex glasses enabled him to develop a successful business making ornamental goods and marry the daughter of a local landowner, and the early years of the nineteenth century saw him diversifying into medal-production and art dealing.
In 1789, he was instrumental in establishing one of Birmingham's first committees to provide watchmen (a form of early policing), in the St. Paul's district.
In 1808 Bisset moved to a large house in New Street where he established a museum and picture gallery – Birmingham's first – that displayed everything from paintings and medals to stuffed wildlife and "works of savage nations". In 1813 he sold two paintings by Canaletto and moved to nearby Leamington Spa, where his museum was re-established by his wife Dolly.
Bisset was a notable figure in Birmingham's cultural and commercial life, a prominent member of the Birmingham Book Club and a composer of much published verse. His most notable work is his 1800 Poetic survey round Birmingham, with a brief description of the different curiosities and manufactures of the place, accompanied with a magnificent directory, with the names and professions, &c. superbly engraved in emblematic plates – a directory of Birmingham trades at the time of the town's revolutionary industrial expansion, written in heroic verse and intended as a "grand tour" of the "works of genius" of a "seat of the arts".
References
1762 births
1832 deaths
People from Birmingham, West Midlands
Writers from Perth, Scotland
British medallists
Portrait miniaturists
Artist authors
Museum founders
People educated at Perth Academy |
23575446 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donja%20Pi%C5%A1tana | Donja Pištana | Donja Pištana is a village in north-eastern Slavonia, situated in municipality town of Orahovica, Virovitica-Podravina County, Croatia.
Population
References
CD-rom: "Naselja i stanovništvo RH od 1857-2001. godine", Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, 2005.
Populated places in Virovitica-Podravina County |
20468222 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakhuwa | Sakhuwa | Sakhuwa is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2821 people living in 505 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
20468230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakhuwa%20Dhamaura | Sakhuwa Dhamaura | Sakhuawa Dhamaura is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 6478 people living in 1266 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
23575461 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot%20%28Warehouse%2013%29 | Pilot (Warehouse 13) | "Pilot" is the first episode of the Syfy series Warehouse 13. It first aired July 7, 2009, and was written by Brent Mote, Jane Espenson, and David Simkins and directed by Jace Alexander.
Plot
At a Washington, D.C. museum, Secret Service agents Myka Bering (Joanne Kelly) and Pete Lattimer (Eddie McClintock) clash over plans for a Presidential visit; Myka is exceptionally organized, rigid, and by-the-book, while Pete is more flexible and receptive to the "vibe" of a situation. A curator cuts his finger on the crystal teeth of a carved stone head called an "Aztec Bloodstone" and is soon possessed by it. Later noticing a steady trickle of blood coming from the Bloodstone, on instinct, Pete removes it from the display. Myka dramatically thwarts the zombie-like curator's knife attack of the President (actually an attack on the Mexican Ambassador's daughter, as the "Bloodstone" craves virgin sacrifices) as Pete is confronted by a man who knows his name and disappears with the Bloodstone in a flash of light. Pete is temporarily suspended pending an investigation into his strange story, but later visited by the mysterious Mrs. Frederick (C. C. H. Pounder), who orders him to report to particular coordinates for an extended special assignment. Arriving at a remote government warehouse in South Dakota, Pete finds a flummoxed Myka close behind him. They are welcomed to Warehouse 13 by Artie Nielsen (Saul Rubinek), the man who had taken the Bloodstone. Artie explains that they will be joining him as "gatherers and protectors of secrets"—specifically, empowered and potentially dangerous objects stored in the warehouse and located out in the world and need of retrieval. Pete is somewhat intrigued by what Artie calls "America's attic," while Myka feels she is "too valuable to be wasted" at such a task.
While Myka and Pete's former boss Daniel Dickenson (Simon Reynolds) is trying to figure out how to get them back, Artie sends the agents to investigate a report of domestic abuse in Seever City, Iowa which he believes may be connected to an item. The agents meet University of Southern Iowa law student Cody Thomas, being held for assaulting his girlfriend; during questioning, Cody begins speaking 15th century Italian and flies into a rage. The Renaissance professor who translates his words is driven to suicide, and Cody's godmother and lawyer, Lorna Solliday (Sherry Miller), reveals Cody's girlfriend, Emily, as the reason. Myka and Pete see a jeweled comb on Lorna, who suddenly tries to kill them. An unconscious Myka sees a vision of her deceased lover Sam Martino (Gabriel Hogan) before she awakens. Artie determines that the comb had once been owned by Italian schemer Lucretia Borgia, and possesses "twisted desires" which will drive everyone around it to violence. Myka and Pete manage to stop Lorna and retrieve the comb. After meeting Mrs. Frederick, Dickenson gives Myka a choice: she can stay in South Dakota or return to Washington, but Pete must stay at Warehouse 13 either way. Myka stays.
Artifacts
Aztec Bloodstone - used in human sacrifices. The museum worker affected by the Bloodstone took a ceremonial Aztec knife and attacked the Mexican Ambassador's daughter, who he was somehow able to identify as a virgin.
Tesla - a polyphase electrical stun gun invented by Nikola Tesla. Standard issue weapon for Warehouse Agents, seen in multiple episodes. The power on the Tesla has settings from 1 to 5 in half-point increments; Artie suggests not using it above 2.
Farnsworth - a two-way video communication system invented by Philo Farnsworth. It's relatively flat, with several knobs to select communication frequencies and a round, black and white screen. In a later episode, Artie mentions that they have their frequency, which cannot be hacked. Standard issue for Warehouse Agents, seen in multiple episodes.
American football - when thrown, it circles the earth and returns to the place it was thrown, seen in multiple episodes. Its artifact nature is explained in the season 4 premiere, "A New Hope".
Wand - unknown effect. Artie uses it to "fix the fish."
Thomas Edison's Bio-Electric Vehicle - created as a prototype for Henry Ford, but he chose to forego the electric car in favor of the internal combustion engine. If two people hold onto the bar on the front of the vehicle, their bodies' electricity powers the car.
Harry Houdini's Wallet - Possesses the power of "charonic transfer," allowing the bearer to see and hear visions of dead people. Causes Myka to see her deceased partner, Sam Martino. According to the tag on the shelf, the wallet was obtained three days after Houdini's death.
Tea kettle - The kettle can move around unnoticed; it sneaks into Pete's hand while Artie explains the Warehouse's function. The kettle grants wishes, but if someone makes a wish that cannot be granted, the kettle produces a ferret instead; nobody knows why it does this.
Mayan Calendar - Artie states that two Warehouse Agents had their "clocks stopped" with this artifact, implying that they're still alive but wish they won't be in a hundred years. Not shown but mentioned.
Lucrezia Borgia's comb - transmits the famous Italian murderess's mindset through the crystals in the comb. It also gives the bearer the ability to control others' actions, using an Italian phrase as a phonetic trigger.
Pandora's Box - Artie briefly mentions that Pandora's box is kept (empty) in Aisle 989-B of Warehouse 13.
Production
"Pilot" marked the first series debut after SyFy changed its name from The Sci Fi Channel. "Pilot" was produced by Universal Cable Productions. Development of the series began in 2005, and a number of people worked on the pilot, with multiple versions of the script, before a version credited to Mote, Espenson and Simkins was ordered in October 2007. The pilot for Warehouse 13 was Eddie McClintock's 10th pilot. The previous nine were unsuccessful. Warehouse 13 is the first series where McClintock has received top billing, although he was the lead in two unsuccessful pilots. Showrunner Jack Kenny feels that roles are partially defined by their actor, and that writer Simkins "in crafting the pilot, I think really made it a nice fit for Jo and Eddie to slip into these parts and Saul as well."
The opening museum scenes were shot at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto.
Reception
"Pilot" was the most-watched cable show on its night, with 3.5 million viewers. This earned Syfy its third best premiere, after Stargate Atlantis and Eureka. Joanne Ostrow of The Denver Post described it as "X-Files light, with the bickering Scully and Mulder stand-ins going off on Indiana Jones-style adventures." IGN reviewer Ramsey Isler gave "Pilot" a positive review, but felt that it wasn't enough to give "SyFy a chance to once again boast the best sci-fi show on TV." Entertainment Weekly gave it a negative review, describing it as an "unholy cross between The X-Files, Bones, and Raiders of the Lost Ark." Carlos Delgado of iFMagazine.com gave the episode a "B". He liked the premise, but felt that two hours was too long, saying "smart editing could have trimmed to show to at least an hour and a half, maybe even an hour." Randee Dawn of Reuters felt that the "by-the-numbers hate/bonding ritual" between the lead characters in "Pilot" was weak, saying they are "no Mulder and Scully".
John Booth of Wired listed ten things that parents should consider when watching "Pilot" with their children: Language, which included "screwing off” and “what the hell." Violence, including fisticuffs, guns, and "a pretty tame immolation and crispy corpse." "One genuine moment of heart-race goosebumps." A brief scene involving a semi-nude woman in bed. That the show was unrealistic and parallelled to other television shows and movies, and other observations that he and his daughter made. Amy Amatangelo of Zap2it singled out the character Pete's line "I’m trained to take a bullet if necessary, but I’m not sure how to stop a dead Italian cougar" as one of her quotes of the week.
Jason Hughes of TV Squad enjoyed two mysteries that "Pilot" sets up, but does not explain: why "CCH Pounder's Mrs. Frederic may be much older than she appears", and that the character Leena may be Mrs. Frederic's daughter. John Dugan of Time Out New York felt the episode was "ultimately slightly less than satisfying."
References
External links
Warehouse 13 episodes
2009 American television episodes
Warehouse 13
Television episodes written by Jane Espenson |
20468239 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serhiy%20Husyev | Serhiy Husyev | Serhiy Yevhenovych Husyev (; ; born 1 July 1967 in Odessa) is a retired Ukrainian professional footballer. He was the Ukrainian top goalscorer in the second championship of 1992–93.
External links
1967 births
Living people
Soviet footballers
Ukrainian footballers
Ukraine international footballers
Ukrainian expatriate footballers
FC Chornomorets Odesa players
SKA Odessa players
CS Tiligul-Tiras Tiraspol players
Trabzonspor footballers
Altay S.K. footballers
Hapoel Be'er Sheva F.C. players
FC Zirka Kropyvnytskyi players
Ukrainian Premier League players
Ukrainian Second League players
Liga Leumit players
Ukrainian Premier League top scorers
Expatriate footballers in Israel
Expatriate footballers in Turkey
Expatriate footballers in Russia
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Israel
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Russia
Association football forwards
K. D. Ushinsky South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University alumni
Footballers from Odesa |
23575482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule%20462 | Minuscule 462 | Minuscule 462 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 359 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century.
Formerly it was labelled by 101a and 116p.
It was adapted for liturgical use.
Description
The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 240 paper leaves (). It is carefully written in one column per page, 25 lines per page.
It contains prolegomena, Synaxarion, and scholia to the Acts, and lectionary markings at the margin of the Epistles for liturgical reading.
It contains Martyrium Pauli.
The order of books: Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles.
Kurt Aland did not place the Greek text of the codex in any Category.
According to the subscription at the end of the Epistle to the Romans, the Letter was written προς Ρωμαιους εγραφη απο Κορινθου δια Φοιβης της διακονου; the same subscription have manuscripts: 42, 90, 216, 339, 466, 642;
History
It is dated by the INTF to the 13th century.
Formerly it was labelled by 101a and 116p. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 462 to it.
The manuscript was examined by Matthaei and Treu. It is currently housed at the State Historical Museum (V. 24, S. 346) in Moscow.
See also
List of New Testament minuscules
Biblical manuscript
Textual criticism
Minuscule 461
Minuscule 464
References
Further reading
C. F. Matthaei, Novum Testamentum Graece et Latine (Riga, 1782-1788).
Kurt Treu, Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments in der UdSSR; eine systematische Auswertung des Texthandschriften in Leningrad, Moskau, Kiev, Odessa, Tbiblisi und Erevan, Texte und Untersuchungen 91 (Berlin, 1966), pp. 254-258.
External links
Greek New Testament minuscules
13th-century biblical manuscripts |
20468242 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1964%20Rose%20Bowl | 1964 Rose Bowl | The 1964 Rose Bowl was the 50th Rose Bowl Game, played on January 1, 1964. It featured the Illinois Fighting Illini and the Washington Huskies.
Illinois was led by co-captains Dick Butkus and George Donnelly, Jim Grabowski, Lynn Stewart, and Archie Sutton on their way to a victory over the Huskies, led by Junior Coffey.
The game was scoreless until the second quarter; Washington scored first, following an Illinois fumble at its own 27-yard line. Backup quarterback, Bill Siler, kept it for three yards, then passed it to Joe Mancuso for 18 yards to the Illini 6. Siler then faked a pass and pitched to halfback Dave Kopay, who scored behind the block of halfback Ron Medved, with 8:26 left in the first half. The Illini got on the scoreboard with Jim Plankenhorn's field goal in the waning seconds of the second quarter and Washington led
In the third quarter, after George Donnelly's first interception of the game, Illinois took control as Jim Warren scored a touchdown for the Illini on a two-yard run.
In the fourth quarter, with Illinois up by a score of 10-7, Washington was driving downfield, trying to score a go-ahead and possible game-winning touchdown, but George Donnelly intercepted the ball on the 4-yard line and ran it back to the 15. Illinois capitalized on that momentum and moved the ball 85 yards, with Jim Grabowski scoring his second touchdown of the game to put Illinois ahead 17-7.
Sophomore Grabowski rushed for 125 yards and was named the game's Most Valuable Player. Butkus played both ways in this contest, both at center and linebacker. He recovered a fumble, and had an interception (in addition to leading a defense that held Washington to only 59 yards rushing and 71 yards passing for the game).
Aftermath
The opposing running backs were both drafted by the Green Bay Packers, Coffey in 1965 and Grabowski in 1966.
References
Rose Bowl
Rose Bowl Game
Illinois Fighting Illini football bowl games
Washington Huskies football bowl games
Rose Bowl
January 1964 sports events in the United States |
6900803 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury%20Fur | Mercury Fur | Mercury Fur is a play written by Philip Ridley which premiered in 2005. It is Ridley's fifth adult stage play and premiered at the Plymouth Theatre Royal, before moving to the Menier Chocolate Factory in London.
Set against the backdrop of a dystopian London, the narrative focuses on a party at which the torture and murder of a child is the main entertainment.
The original production was directed by John Tiffany as part of the This Other England season of new writing by Paines Plough and Theatre Royal, Plymouth in England. The part of Elliot was played by Ben Whishaw, who during the previous year had achieved fame and an Olivier Award Nomination for Best Actor for his performance as Hamlet.
The play is particularly noted for being the subject of controversy: Ridley's publisher, Faber and Faber, refused to publish the script and the original production received regular walkouts from audience members along with a generally divided and sometimes hostile response from critics. Over time, Mercury Fur has generally attracted a much more positive reception, with some critics even hailing the play as a "masterpiece".
The play is the first entry in Ridley's unofficially titled "Brothers Trilogy", being followed by Leaves of Glass and Piranha Heights.
Ridley dedicated the play to his agent Rod Hall, who was murdered in May 2004. According to Ridley, the dedication was not originally made in response to Hall's death as it had been arranged some time prior to when Hall was killed.
Story
Mercury Fur is set in a post-apocalyptic version of London's East End, where gang violence and drugs - in the form of hallucinogenic butterflies - terrorize the community. The protagonists are a gang of youths surviving by their wits. They deal the butterflies, selling them to their addicted customers from locations such as the now burnt-out British Museum. Their main source of income, however, is holding parties for wealthy clients in which their wildest, most amoral fantasies are brought to life.
The play, during nearly two uninterrupted hours, centres on a party which revolves around the sadistic murder of a child, enacted according to the whims of a guest. The gang ultimately has to face the question of how far they are willing to go to save the people they love.
Characters
Elliot - Aged 19, he is the main facilitator in preparing the parties as well as being the chief dealer in butterflies which he sells in an ice cream van. He however has only ever taken one, meaning he has retained all his memories from before the butterflies arrived. He hurls a great deal of verbal abuse at Darren but also shows genuine love for him.
Darren - Aged 16, he is Elliot's brother and assistant. He is addicted to the butterflies which have resulted in him having memory loss.
Naz - A young looking 15-year-old orphan who is a regular customer of Elliot's. He like many of the other characters has severe memory loss through butterfly addiction. He happens across the party by accident and wants to help the gang, much to the dismay of Elliot.
Party Piece - A ten-year-old boy. He is the victim prepared for the Party Guest.
Lola - 19-years-old, Lola is skilled in using make-up and designing costumes, which is utilised for the parties. Lola wears feminine clothing and is physically male in appearance. It is not specified in the play if Lola is a transgender woman or a transvestite man (in the play-text Lola is referred to by the "he" pronoun in the stage directions). In 2015 Ridley was asked at a Q&A why the character of Lola is not portrayed by "a female actor". He responded to this by saying that the reason was because "he's transgender, at that stage of transgender he's a... he's a male. […] He's born male and he identifies as a woman."
Spinx - 21 years old, he is the leader of the gang and Lola's brother. He looks after the Duchess with whom it is suggested he has an intimate relationship with. The rest of the gang are mostly fearful of him.
Duchess - A frail and blind 38-year-old woman. She gets her name from being deceived into thinking that she is a duchess of a country. Her belief in this is maintained through her having to rely on the accounts of others as to her situation due to her blindness. She has also mixed up her life history with the character of Maria from The Sound of Music. It is heavily suggested that she may have a closer connection to Elliot and Darren than it initially appears.
Party Guest - 23 years old. The party revolves around enacting his own violent sexual fantasy against a child.
Response and legacy
Rejected publication from Faber and Faber
Before the play received its premiere Ridley's publisher Faber and Faber (who had published the majority of his previous plays) refused to publish the play-text of Mercury Fur.
Ridley has said that he was told that Faber had "objected to the play because of its cruelty to children" and that what he had written "had gone too far". This reasoning was felt to be somewhat ironic as Faber’s decision to refuse publication was relayed to Ridley by phone whilst he was watching footage on his TV of the Beslan school siege, which claimed the lives of over 330 children. Ridley has stated that "The first comment that the editor at Faber said to me was, “I've got to tell you that several people here are seriously offended by this.” I have a thing about dialogue, so I remember. Those were her words. It was as if they'd all suddenly turned into a bunch of Cardinal Wolseys, deciding what was right and wrong. It's not their job to be moral arbiters; it's their job to publish. I think Faber realised they couldn't say this, so after a few weeks they decided to rephrase it as, 'It's a piece of writing that I do not admire.'" Ridley also states that "There was no discussion. I wasn't invited in to clarify my intentions. I sent them a letter saying I thought they had misread it, but they didn't want a discussion. Of course I'm upset, but it is not just an ego thing. If a publisher is saying, 'You've gone too far', what kind of message is that sending out to writers?"
As a result, Ridley parted ways with Faber and joined Methuen who published Mercury Fur instead.
Initial reception and controversy
The play became a theatrical cause célèbre when it premiered, with walkouts reported each night of the show's original run.
Although most critics praised the production’s acting and direction, Ridley’s script was very divisive.
Critics were especially split regarding the play’s depiction of cruelty, which was condemned by some as gratuitous and sensationalist in nature. Matthew Sweet wrote that the play had content that "seemed little more than a questionable authorial indulgence - an exercise in exploitative camp" that reduced "the sensitivity of the audience until they began to find such images [of cruelty] ludicrous and tiresome". Charles Spencer was highly critical, describing Mercury Fur as "the most violent and upsetting new play" of the last ten years, adding that "It positively revels in imaginative nastiness" and condemning it as "a poisonous piece". He went on to declare that everyone involved with the production had been "degraded" and, more controversially, that Ridley was "turned on by his own sick fantasies."
In contrast, the play’s violent content was defended by a variety of reviewers. Kate Bassett wrote that "One might complain that Ridley is a puerile shock jock [or] wonder if the playwright isn't indulging in his own nasty fantasies or even encouraging copycat sadism […] Ridley is writing in the tradition of Greek and Jacobean tragedies. He underlines that brutality warps, suggests that love and morals persist, and is deliberately creating a nightmare scenario rife with allusions to actual world news." Other critics felt that the play justified any shock or offense it might cause. The Independent'''s Paul Taylor wrote that "the play has the right to risk toying with being offensive to bring home just how morally unsettling this depraved, perverted-kicks world has become. If you could sit through it unaffronted on the artistic level, it would surely have failed in its mission." Likewise, John Peter wrote that "Ridley is an observer, shocked and conscientious, as appalled as you are. But he understands the mechanics of cruelty and the minds of people who are fascinated by cruelty and take an obscure pleasure in moralising about it. Ridley doesn't moralise, but he expects you to respond, and he delivers a moral shock." Some other critics also felt that the play contained moral content, such as Aleks Sierz who called it "a very moral play, in which the bad end badly, and the good go down tragically".
Some critics saw political resonances in the play along with allusions to real-world events. The Herald's Carole Woddis wrote that "Ridley’s upsetting portrayal is, I believe, an honourable response to the genocides in Rwanda and atrocities in Iraq". John Peter declared that "Philip Ridley has written the ultimate 9/11 play: a play for the age of Bush and Bin Laden, of Donald Rumsfeld and Charles Clarke; a play for our time, when a sense of terror is both nameless and precise." However, Paul Taylor found that "the political context is too conveniently hazy", and John Gross wrote that "any political arguments are lost amid the sadistic fantasies, kinky rituals, gruesome anecdotes and flights of science fiction", with similar comments coming from Brian Logan: "whatever questions playwright Philip Ridley seeks to pose are drowned out by the shrieking and bloodshed".
Critics were also split on the credibility of the play’s world and its speculative depiction of societal collapse. Michael Billington was critical, stating that he distrusted the play "from its reactionary despair and assumption that we are all going to hell in a handcart" along with writing that it succumbed "to a fashionable nihilism" and that Ridley’s portrayal of social-breakdown "flies in the face of a mass of evidence one could produce to the contrary." In contrast, Alastair Macaulay described the play as a "realistic nightmare" which portrayed "a kind of believable hell […] like the darkest parallel-universe version of the world we know". Aleks Sierz felt that the play’s conclusion was "utterly convincing, even if - in our liberal souls - it seems like a wild exaggeration." In contrast Brian Logan wrote that "I never really believed in ‘Mercury Fur’. Its futuristic setting is more hypothetical than real; it also absolves the audience of moral complicity", whilst John Peter wrote that "most science fiction is moral fiction".
Various critics went on to compare the play to other controversial works, particularly A Clockwork Orange and the plays of Sarah Kane. Some even went as far as to voice concern for the wellbeing for the young actor portraying The Party Piece or thought that the play might make audience members vomit.
Despite this, there were critics that were especially supportive. Alastair Macaulay described the play as "an amazing feat of imagination, engrossing and poetic" whilst Aleks Sierz wrote that the play "makes you feel alive when you're watching it" and declared it to be "probably the best new play of the year". John Peter urged people to see it: "It is a play you need to see for its diagnosis of a terror-stricken and belligerent civilization. I recommend it strongly to the strong in heart."
The critical discordance resulted in some critics being at odds with each other. Having enjoyed the show, critic Miranda Sawyer wrote that she felt "despair" from the negative reviews from "proper" theatre critics and wondered "Where are the theatre critics that speak for me and those like me?" She went on to say that there would be no "room for every type of play in Britain" if critics "remain fuddy-duddies [and] continue to discourage new writing that they don't understand". Sawyer’s comments were challenged by critic Ian Shuttleworth who felt that she implied that the critical divide was generational, which he disputed by citing older critics who defended the play.
In defending the production, director John Tiffany explained that although the play is full of "incredibly shocking images and stories, almost all the violence happens off stage. It is almost Greek in its ambition" and that the play is "the product of a diseased world, not a diseased mind".
Responding to the critical backlash, Ridley described the critics as "blinder than a bagful of moles in a coal cellar", a comment partially made in reference to him witnessing the critic Charles Spencer fall over furniture onstage while trying to find his seat on the play's press night. Ridley went on to argue that theatre in Britain "is the only art form that I can think of where you feel you are in direct conflict with the people who are trying to judge your work" and stated that there was "a serious disconnection between the artists who are working and are trying to move an art movement forward and those who are putting judgement of those artists […] I see it in work of other artists in which it is being inhibited, and this is sending out terrible signals". These and other comments Ridley made about his critics were condemned as "impressively bilious" and "crassly malicious" by Theatre Record editor Ian Shuttleworth.
Defending the play, Ridley expressed what he felt were double standards within the theatrical establishment, in that it is acceptable for there to be scenes of violence in classical drama but not within contemporary plays:
"Why is it that it is fine for the classic plays to discuss - even show - these things, but people are outraged when contemporary playwrights do it? If you go to see King Lear, you see a man having his eyes pulled out; in Medea, a woman slaughters her own children. The recent revival of Iphigenia at the National was acclaimed for its relevance. But when you try to write about the world around us, people get upset. If I'd wrapped Mercury Fur up as a recently rediscovered Greek tragedy it would be seen as an interesting moral debate like Iphigenia, but because it is set on an east-London housing estate it is seen as being too dangerous to talk about. What does that say about the world we live in? What does it say about theatre today?"
Ridley also explained that he felt critics had disliked Mercury Fur because of its subject matter and not for the theatrical experience the play is trying to create for its audience:
"I don’t think there is anything wrong with people being disturbed within the theatre at all… I think theatre is fifteen years behind any other art form… It’s still perceived as a kind of subject matter based art form. You wouldn’t go along and look at a Suzanne painting and criticize it just on the choice of apples [s]he’s chosen to paint, you’d criticize it, and you’d judge it and experience it for the use of paint… Because we come from a basic literal tradition we still view stage plays as kind of glorified novels and we judge them purely on their subject matter, regardless of the theatrical experience of sitting there and watching the play."
Ridley also defended the depiction of violence within the story, arguing that it is used for a moral purpose and that the play is more about love than violence:
"The things that happen in Mercury Fur are not gratuitous, they are heart-breaking. The people may do terrible things but everything they do is out of love, in an attempt to keep each other safe. The play is me asking, 'What would I do in that position?' If you knew that to keep your mother, brother and lover safe, you would have to do terrible things, would you still do them? That's the dilemma of the play. It asks us all, 'What lengths would you go to to save the people you love?'"
Despite this controversy – or perhaps because of it – the play sold out on its initial run and, by the end, was playing to an enthusiastic young audience.
2010 police incident
In 2010 police almost raided Theatre Delicatessen's production of the play (which was staged in a derelict office block) when a resident living next door believed the play's violent scenes were being carried out for real. Actors waiting offstage along with the company's producer intervened before the police would have stopped the performance.
Behind the Eyes
In February 2011 the play was used by the Schema Arts Collective as the basis for a community arts project called Behind the Eyes, which took place at the Sassoon Gallery, London.
The project featured an amateur production of Mercury Fur which was cut down to 40 minutes and used actors from the local area. The performance was particular in its use of sound design with edited audio recordings of the actors and gallery environment incorporated into the production.
The project also featured a thirty-minute documentary film Mercury Fur Unveiled about the cast and creative team's process of realising the project and their views on the play. The documentary was later broadcast on the Community Channel in 2013 and is free to watch online.Behind the Eyes also displayed artwork inspired by the play with a large mural of a shark (which was also utilised as the production's scenic backdrop) and Ridley himself collaborated by exhibiting a series of photographic portraits he had created of the cast.
Critical reappraisal
In 2012 the play was arguably critically reassessed when revived by The Greenhouse Theatre Company, with the production receiving extremely positive reviews and even marketed as "Ridley’s Masterpiece", a statement which was also made by critic Aleks Sierz and A Younger Theatre reviewer Jack Orr.
The play also drew attention for its relevance in the aftermath of the 2011 England Riots with the production's online trailer using dialogue from the play over footage from the riots.
New monologues
For the 2012 production, Ridley wrote four individual new monologues for the characters Elliot, Naz, Lola and Darren which were filmed and put on The Greenhouse Theatre Company's YouTube channel to promote the play transferring to the West End.Greenhouse Theatre Company's YouTube webpage, featuring all four monologues and the production trailer
Legacy and influence
On seeing the original production, dramaturg and theatre director Lisa Goldman described the play as "one of the greatest theatre experiences of my life" which led to her commissioning and directing Ridley's next two plays Leaves of Glass and Piranha Heights.
Mark Ravenhill (a playwright who is generally recognised for his 1996 in-yer-face play Shopping and Fucking) named Mercury Fur as "the best play" he had seen in 2005.
The playwright Lou Ramsden has described the play as a major influence on her work, stating that "nothing changed my theatrical outlook quite like [the] first production of Mercury Fur at the Menier Chocolate factory… It showed me that I could do more than just picture a stage – I could use the circumstances of the theatre as well. The fact that the audience were in an inescapable black box served to ramp up the tension of the play, to unbearable levels... My heart literally pounded. I was thrilled by the revelation that theatre could be more than just an exercise in language, or a nice, polite, passively watched story – it could elicit a physical reaction, giving people a horrifyingly visceral roller-coaster ride." Ramsden has cited how this experience of hers informed the writing of her 2010 play Breed and her 2011 play Hundreds and Thousands.
Ridley has described Mercury Fur as a turning point in his career as a playwright: "After Mercury Fur, the work reinvented itself. It was as if people saw [my plays] for the first time. A whole new generation of younger directors came along – and they all just got it. In the past, I had to go into rehearsals [of my plays] and explain what I was doing. Then it was as if somebody flicked a switch and suddenly that changed."
Plays that critics believe have been influenced by or bear homage to Mercury Fur include:
(2006) Motortown by Simon Stephens
(2011) Three Kingdoms by Simon Stephens
(2014) Hotel by Polly Stenham
(2014) The Wolf from the Door by Rory Mullarkey
ProductionsMercury Fur'' has been performed worldwide in countries such as Australia, France, Italy, Malta, Turkey, the Czech Republic, the United States and Japan.
See also
Vurt
Blasted
In-yer-face theatre
Further reading
References
External links
2005 Interview with Philip Ridley for The Guardian on the controversy Mercury Fur created before its premiere
Audio interview from 2005 of Philip Ridley defending Mercury Fur on Theatre VOICE
2007 Interview with Philip Ridley for the Sydney Morning Herald
Audio interview with Theatre VOICE from 2012 of Ned Bennet on directing the 2012 revival of Mercury Fur
Edited transcript of a post show Q&A with Philip Ridley and the cast of the 2012 London revival of Mercury Fur
Audio recording of a post show Q&A with Philip Ridley after Middle Child's 2015 production of Mercury Fur in Hull
Plays by Philip Ridley
2005 plays
Dystopian literature
Theatre about drugs
Post-apocalyptic fiction
Science fiction theatre
Transgender-related theatre
Plays set in London |
20468243 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samanpur | Samanpur | Samanpur was a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal.
Just before 2017 Nepalese local elections, it was merged with other 5 Village development committees Gamhariya, Sangrampur, Bahuwa Madanpur, Dharampur and Bariyarpur to form Gadhimai Municipality.
At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 5352 people living in 982 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
20468247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KNLV%20%28AM%29 | KNLV (AM) | KNLV (1060 AM, branded as "Greatest Hits 93.9 & 1060") is a radio station licensed to serve Ord, Nebraska, broadcasting an oldies music format featuring the top-40 hits from the 1960s through 1990s. The Mighty 1060 also features farm reports, local news, weather and local high school sports play-by-play broadcasts. It operates on AM frequency 1060 kHz and is under ownership of MWB Broadcasting II.
An FM translator for KNLV is known as Greatest Hits 93.9 FM.
Previous logo
References
External links
NLV
Oldies radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1965 |
6900811 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood%20Done%20Sign%20My%20Name | Blood Done Sign My Name | Blood Done Sign My Name (2004) is a historical memoir written by Timothy B. Tyson. He explores the 1970 murder of Henry D. Marrow, a black man in Tyson's then home town of Oxford, North Carolina. The murder is described as the result of the complicated collision of the Black Power movement and the white backlash against public school integration and other changes brought by the civil rights movement.
Since 2004, the book has sold 160,000 copies. It has earned several awards: the Grawemeyer Award in Religion from the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary, which had a $200,000 prize, the Southern Book Award for Nonfiction from the Southern Book Critics Circle, the Christopher Award, and the North Caroliniana Book Award from the North Caroliniana Society. It was also a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill selected the book for its 2005 summer reading program.
The book was adapted as a movie by the same name, released in 2010. Entertainment Weekly ranked it on a "must see" list.
Story
Tyson has said that the title comes from a slave spiritual later sung as a "blues lament", particularly this phrase: "Ain't you glad, ain't you glad, that the blood done sign my name?"
The book explores the effects of the 1970 killing of Henry Marrow, a 23-year-old black Vietnam War veteran in Oxford, North Carolina. This is the county seat of Granville County, a center of tobacco culture. Then a town of 10,000, it is located 35 miles north of Durham. Three white men were indicted on charges of murder, but they were acquitted at trial by an all-white jury. Black protests of the killing and acquittal included acts of arson and violence.
Black people organized a protest march to the state capital of Raleigh. In addition, they conducted an 18-month boycott of white businesses in Oxford, a mostly segregated town, to force integration in public facilities. The Marrow case helped galvanize continued African-American civil rights activities in Oxford and across the eastern North Carolina black belt.
Local civil rights activist Ben Chavis took a lead role in these activities; he led the march to the capital and the boycott of local businesses. The Marrow killing and related events radicalized the African-American freedom struggle in North Carolina, which was trying to gain progress after the successful passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s. Racial conflict in Wilmington, North Carolina resulted in the burning of a grocery store. The Wilmington Ten cases resulted from charges against Ben Chavis and nine other black men in this incident. Several of the men were convicted and sentenced to long prison terms. They were eventually freed on an appeal. In the 1990s Chavis was selected as the youngest executive director of the NAACP in its history. He later was an organizer of the Million Man March.
Tyson lived as a child in Oxford, where his father was the minister of the prominent Oxford United Methodist Church. He explores not only the white supremacy of the South's racial caste system but his personal and family stories. (His father was driven out of the church because of his support for civil rights.) Tyson interweaves a narrative of the story and its effects on him, with a discussion of the racial history of North Carolina and the United States, and the violent realities of that history on both sides of the color line.
He explores the persistence of discrimination years after passage of federal laws to enforce civil rights, and the more complex aspects of the later civil rights movement.
Reception
Entertainment Weekly praised its "deadpan, merciless self-examination" and said it "pulses with vital paradox... It's a detached dissertation, a damning dark-night-of-the-white-soul, and a ripping yarn, all united by Tyson's powerful voice, a brainy, booming Bubba profundo." Historian Jane Dailey, writing in the Chicago Tribune, called it "Admirable and unexpected... a riveting story that will have its readers weeping with both laughter and sorrow."
Adaptations
The book was adapted as a film written and directed by writer Jeb Stuart. It was released in 2010, starring Ricky Schroder, Omar Benson Miller, and Michael Rooker. It was filmed in the cities of Shelby, Statesville, Monroe and Gastonia, North Carolina. The African-American historian John Hope Franklin has a cameo in the film.
It was also adapted as a play of the same name by Mike Wiley, which premiered at Duke University in 2008. It was also produced at the city hall in Oxford, North Carolina on February 13, 2009.
See also
Civil rights movement in popular culture
References
External links
Interview about Blood Done Sign My Name, National Public Radio
2004 non-fiction books
African-American autobiographies
Books about African-American history
History of African-American civil rights
Civil rights movement in popular culture |
6900824 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Recording%20Preservation%20Board | National Recording Preservation Board | The United States National Recording Preservation Board selects recorded sounds for preservation in the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry. The National Recording Registry was initiated to maintain and preserve "sound recordings that are culturally, historically or aesthetically significant"; to be eligible, recordings must be at least ten years old. Members of the Board also advise the Librarian of Congress on ongoing development and implementation of the national recorded sound preservation program.
The National Recording Preservation Board (NRPB) is a federal agency located within the Library of Congress. The NRPB was established by the National Recording Preservation Act of 2000 (Public Law 106–474). This legislation also created both the National Recording Registry and the non-profit National Recording Preservation Foundation, which is loosely affiliated with the National Recording Preservation Board, but the private-sector Foundation (NRPF) and federal Board (NRPB) are separate, legally distinct entities.
The main responsibilities of the board are:
Develop the National Recording Registry selection criteria
Recommend and review nominees
Develop a National Recording Preservation Study and Action Plan comparable to those by the National Film Preservation Board
Organization
The board is appointed by the Librarian of Congress and is composed of representatives from professional organizations of composers, musicians, musicologists, librarians, archivists and the recording industry. Explicitly it is composed of up to 5 "at-large" members and 17 member/alternate pairs from the following 17 organizations:
American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers
American Federation of Musicians
American Folklore Society
American Musicological Society
Association for Recorded Sound Collections
Audio Engineering Society
Broadcast Music Incorporated
Country Music Foundation
Digital Media Association
Music Library Association
National Archives and Records Administration
National Academy of Popular Music
National Association of Recording Merchandisers
National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences
Recording Industry Association of America
SESAC
Society for Ethnomusicology
See also
National Film Preservation Board
Notes
External links
Home Page
Sound archives in the United States
Music archives in the United States
2000 establishments in the United States |
17335602 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yani%20Tseng | Yani Tseng | Yani Tseng (; born 23 January 1989) is a Taiwanese professional golfer playing on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She is the youngest player ever, male or female, to win five major championships and was ranked number 1 in the Women's World Golf Rankings for 109 consecutive weeks from 2011 to 2013.
Amateur career
Tseng was the top-ranked amateur in Taiwan from 2004 to 2006. The highlight of her amateur career was winning the 2004 U.S. Women's Amateur Public Links, defeating Michelle Wie in the final, 1 up.
Her amateur accomplishments include:
2002 Won – Callaway Junior World Golf Championships (Girls 13–14)
2004 2nd place – Callaway Junior World Golf Championships (Girls 15–17)
2004 Won – U.S. Women's Amateur Public Links
2005 Won – North and South Women's Amateur Golf Championship
2005 Semi-finalist – U.S. Women's Amateur Public Links
2005 2nd place – North and South Women's Amateur Golf Championship
Professional career
2007
Tseng turned professional in January 2007. That year she competed on the Ladies Asian Golf Tour and won the DLF Women's Indian Open. She also competed on the CN Canadian Women's Tour where she won the CN Canadian Women's Tour at Vancouver Golf Club.
2008
Tseng entered the LPGA Qualifying Tournament in the fall of 2007 and finished sixth in the final Qualifying Tournament in December which gave Tseng full playing privileges on the LPGA Tour for 2008. In June 2008, she claimed her first LPGA tour victory at the LPGA Championship to become the first player from Taiwan to win an LPGA major championship. At age 19, she was also the youngest player to win the LPGA Championship and the second-youngest player to win an LPGA major.
Tseng was named LPGA Tour Rookie of the Year in 2008.
2009
On 29 March 2009, Tseng became the fastest player in LPGA history to reach the $2 million mark in career earnings. She achieved this mark in 32 events, spanning one year, one month, and 13 days. The previous record holder was Paula Creamer who reached the mark in one year, four months, and 15 days in 2006.
2010
On 4 April 2010, Tseng won the first major championship of the LPGA season, the Kraft Nabisco Championship, by one stroke. She went on to win her second major of the year on 1 August 2010 by winning the Women's British Open by one stroke and became the youngest woman in the modern era to win three major championships. LPGA founder Patty Berg was younger than Tseng when she won the 1939 Titleholders Championship. However, that was before the formation of the LPGA Tour in 1950 and the designation of official LPGA major tournaments.
In September 2010, Tseng was offered a five-year sponsorship deal from a Chinese company worth NT$1 billion (US$25 million) with access to a luxury villa and private jets. Tseng rejected the offer because it required she switch her citizenship from Republic of China to China.
2011
In January 2011, Tseng defended her title at the Taifong Ladies Open on the LPGA of Taiwan Tour. Three weeks later she won the ISPS Handa Women's Australian Open and a week later the ANZ RACV Ladies Masters, both events co-sponsored by the ALPG Tour and the Ladies European Tour. Her wins moved her into the number 1 position in the Women's World Golf Rankings. She won again the next week in the first tournament of the LPGA season, the Honda LPGA Thailand.
In June 2011, she won the LPGA State Farm Classic over Cristie Kerr by three strokes. Two weeks later, she won the LPGA Championship. This made her the youngest player to win four LPGA majors. The next month she defended her title at the Women's British Open, becoming the first defending champion winner at the Women's British Open as a major. Her five major titles also made her the youngest player, male or female, to win five major championships.
Tseng won the LPGA Tour Player of the Year for a second straight year. She wrapped up the award while the season still had four events remaining.
2012
Tseng won three of the first five events on the 2012 LPGA Tour: the Honda LPGA Thailand, the RR Donnelley LPGA Founders Cup and the Kia Classic. The Honda LPGA Thailand victory was her second consecutive win at that event.
Mid-2012 career downturn
Tseng's career took a sudden downturn beginning in the latter part of the 2012 season. At the end of 2013, she had dropped from fourth to 38th place on the official LPGA money list and from first to 34th in the Women's World Golf Rankings. Her performance dropped further in 2014; she ended that year at 54th on the official money list and ranked 83rd in the world. Tseng has not won a LPGA tournament since March 2012 (Kia Classic). After accumulating seven top-10 finishes, including four wins, in majors in 2010 through early 2012, starting with the 2012 Women's PGA Championship, she has missed the cut or did not play in a majority of the majors and finished no higher than T13 in the others. There have been no reports of major injuries or other explanation for the sudden change.
Hall of Fame
Since March 2012, Tseng has been four points away from qualifying for the World Golf Hall of Fame via the LPGA points system, which requires 27 points for Hall of Fame eligibility. Tseng earned one point for each regular tour victory on the LPGA Tour and two points for every major championship victory. She also earned a point each for her two Rolex LPGA Player of the Year awards and one point for winning the Vare Trophy. If she accumulates the required 27 points before her tenth season on the LPGA Tour, she will have to wait until the tenth year to gain full Hall of Fame eligibility. Tseng has already met the requirement to win one LPGA major, Vare Trophy, or Rolex award.
Personal life
Tseng's father is Mao Hsin Tseng and her mother is Yu-Yun Yang.
Tseng lives in a residential community at Lake Nona Golf & Country Club in Orlando, Florida, in a house that she purchased from former LPGA player Annika Sörenstam in April 2009.
Tseng was named on Time magazine's list of the "100 Most Influential People in the World in 2012."
Professional wins (27)
LPGA Tour wins (15)
LPGA Tour playoff record (2–1)
Other wins (12)
Major championships
Wins (5)
1 Defeated Hjorth with birdie on fourth extra hole.
Results timeline
Results not in chronological order before 2019.
^ The Evian Championship was added as a major in 2013
CUT = missed the half-way cut
T = tied
Summary
Most consecutive cuts made – 15 (2009 British Open – 2013 LPGA)
Longest streak of top-10s – 4 (2010 U.S. Open - 2011 LPGA)
LPGA Tour career summary
official as of 2018 season
* Includes matchplay and other events without a cut.
World ranking
Position in Women's World Golf Rankings at the end of each calendar year.
Team appearances
Amateur
Espirito Santo Trophy (representing Taiwan): 2004, 2006
Professional
Lexus Cup (representing Asia team): 2008
International Crown (representing Chinese Taipei): 2014, 2016
See also
List of golfers with most LPGA major championship wins
List of golfers with most LPGA Tour wins
References
External links
Taiwanese female golfers
LPGA Tour golfers
Winners of LPGA major golf championships
Asian Games medalists in golf
Asian Games bronze medalists for Chinese Taipei
Golfers at the 2006 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
Sportspeople from Taoyuan City
Golfers from Orlando, Florida
1989 births
Living people |
6900827 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhigaleus | Cirrhigaleus | Cirrhigaleus is a genus of sharks in the Squalidae (dogfish) family, which is part of the Squaliformes order.
Species
Cirrhigaleus asper Merrett, 1973 (roughskin spurdog)
Cirrhigaleus australis W. T. White, Last & Stevens, 2007 (southern mandarin dogfish)
Cirrhigaleus barbifer S. Tanaka (I), 1912 (mandarin dogfish)
References
Shark genera
Taxa named by Shigeho Tanaka |
20468249 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1.%20G%C3%B6ppinger%20SV | 1. Göppinger SV | 1. Göppinger SV is a German association football club from the city of Göppingen, Baden-Württemberg.
History
The team was established on 13 October 1905 as 1. Göppingener Fußballverein and lays claim to being the oldest football club in the city. On 24 April 1920, soon after World War I the club merged with Athletiksportverein 1895 Göppingen and took on its current identity. The origins of predecessor side ASV go back to 11 August 1895 formation of 1. Athletik Klub Göppingen. This club merged with Kraftsportverein Fortuna Göppingen in 1901 to become Athleten-Klub Foruna Göppingen. They adopted the name Athletiksportverein Göppingen early in 1907, and in 1911 merged with Sportclub Göppingen.
SV first came to notice in 1934 when they became part of the Gauliga Württemberg, one of 16 top-flight divisions created in the reorganization of German football under the Third Reich a year earlier. The club only spent the 1934–35 and 1936–37 seasons in first division play, being sent down on both occasions after 10th-place finishes. They returned to the Gauliga in 1943, captured the division title, and then went out in the opening round of the national playoffs to KSG Saarbrücken (3–5). The following season was that last before World War II interrupted play across the country.
After the war, Göppingen took up play in the Landesliga Württemberg (II), but was sent down in 1948 after just three seasons. It was not until 1968 that they returned to third tier competition in the Amateurliga Nordwürttemberg. They finished second and the next year took the division title, which led to their participation in the national amateur championship playoffs. SV moved on to the semifinals where they were eliminated 1–0, 2–1 by SC Jülich 1910.
In league play, a successful promotion playoff advanced SV to the Regionalliga Süd (II) where they found themselves overmatched. They returned to the Amateurliga Nordwürttemberg (III) which later (1980) became the Amateuroberliga Baden-Württemberg (III). They enjoyed a string of strong finishes through the late 70s before slipping away to lower tier local play in the mid-80s. It was during this period that they made appearances in the opening rounds of the German Cup tournament (1975, 1980, 1984). SV played first in the Oberliga Baden-Württemberg (III) until 1985, then in the Verbandsliga Württemberg (IV) until 1991 and then descended through the Landesliga Württemberg (V) to the Bezirksliga (VI) in 1994. Since 2007, SV have played in the Landesliga Württemberg (VI), from where they earned promotion back to the Verbandsliga in 2009. In 2013–14 and 2014–15 the club finished runners-up in the league and thereby earned the right to compete in the promotion round to the Oberliga. In 2014 it missed out to FC Germania Friedrichstal and, in 2015, to 1. CfR Pforzheim, thereby remaining in the Verbandsliga. Finishing runners-up in the league for a third consecutive time in 2015–16 the club took part in the promotion round once more, this time defeating TSG Weinheim on aggregate and moving up to the Oberliga, ending a 31-year absence for the club.
Honours
Gauliga Württemberg (I)
Champions: 1944
Amateurliga Nordwürttemberg (III)
Champions: 1970
Verbandsliga Württemberg
Runners-up: 2014, 2015, 2016
Recent seasons
The recent season-by-season performance of the club:
With the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 and the 3. Liga in 2008 as the new third tier, below the 2. Bundesliga, all leagues below dropped one tier.
References
External links
Official team site
Das deutsche Fußball-Archiv historical German domestic league tables
Football clubs in Germany
Football clubs in Baden-Württemberg
Association football clubs established in 1895
1895 establishments in Germany |
17335615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%27-Guanidinonaltrindole | 5'-Guanidinonaltrindole | 5'-Guanidinonaltrindole (5'-GNTI) is an opioid antagonist used in scientific research which is highly selective for the κ opioid receptor. It is 5x more potent and 500 times more selective than the commonly used κ-opioid antagonist norbinaltorphimine. It has a slow onset and long duration of action, and produces antidepressant effects in animal studies. It also increases allodynia by interfering with the action of the κ-opioid peptide dynorphin.
In addition to activity at the KOR, 5'-GNTI has been found to act as a positive allosteric modulator of the α1A-adrenergic receptor (EC50 = 41 nM), and this may contribute to its "severe transient effects".
See also
6'-Guanidinonaltrindole
Binaltorphimine
JDTic
References
Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonists
Guanidines
Indolomorphinans
Irreversible antagonists
Kappa-opioid receptor antagonists
Phenols
Semisynthetic opioids
Tertiary alcohols |
20468251 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangrampur%2C%20Rautahat | Sangrampur, Rautahat | Sangrampur was a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal.
Just before 2017 Nepalese local elections, it was merged with other 5 Village development committees samanpur, Gamhariya, Bahuwa Madanpur, Dharampur and Bariyarpur to form Gadhimai Municipality.
At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3978 people living in 787 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
17335641 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical%20Design%20Labs | Technical Design Labs | Technical Design Labs (TDL), founded 1976 by Carl Galletti and Roger Amidon, was an early producer of personal computers. TDL was based in Princeton, New Jersey, USA in the 1970s and early 1980s.
The company was later (1978) renamed Xitan, in honor of its primary product.
In 1979, Neil Colvin formed what was then called Phoenix Software Associates after his prior employer, Xitan, went out of business. Neil hired Dave Hirschman, a former Xitan employee.
In 1979 Carl Galletti and Roger Amidon had started a new business called Computer Design Labs that acquired the rights to all TDL software.
Products
The company's Xitan had an S-100 bus and a Z-80-based CPU came in two configurations: the base Alpha 1 model and the Alpha 2.
Other products from TDL for the Xitan and S-100 Z80-based computer systems:
Zapple Monitor
Micro-Seed a database management system for Xitan Z80 microprocessors.
Z-Tel a text editing language for Z80 microprocessors.
Video Display Board (VDB) for S-100 bus computers; capable of displaying text (25 rows x 80 characters) and graphics (160 x 75) that could display on a modified television.
Interface One a 'plug-in' wiring board for development.
See also
Epson QX-10
References
External links
Carl Galletti's Homepage
Roger Amidon's Homepage
Product brochure
Technical Design Labs (TDL) - History
Technical Design Labs (TDL), Herb's S-100 Stuff Preserving S-100 for decades
Technical Design Labs (TDL) (Princeton, N.J.) Classic Tech
Defunct computer hardware companies
Personal computers |
17335649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai%20Korzhenevskiy | Nikolai Korzhenevskiy | Nikolai Leopol'dovich Korzhenevskiy (, February 6 (18), 1879 – October 31, 1958), born in Zaverezhye, Vitebsk Governorate, Russian Empire (present-day Nevelsky District, Pskov Oblast, Russia), died in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Korzhenevskiy was a Russian and Soviet geographer, glaciologist, and explorer of the Pamir Mountains. His exploration of the Pamirs began in 1903, with support from the military command in the region. Between 1903 and 1928, Korzhenevskiy organized eleven expeditions to various parts of the Pamirs. In August 1910 he discovered one of the highest peaks in the Pamir Mountains, which he named Peak Korzhenevskaya after his wife Evgeniya Korzhenevskaya (). In 1928 he produced a unique map of the Pamirs which, for the first time, included a meridional mountain range that he had discovered and called the Academy of Sciences Range in honor of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
Alternative transliterations of Korzhenevskiy's name include Korzhenevskii, Korzhenevski, Korzhenevsky, and Korzhenievsky.
References
Korzhenevskiy: A Name on the Map of Pamir, Ferghana.ru, 2007, in Russian
"Korzhenevskiy, Nikolai Leopol'dovich", Big Soviet Encyclopedia, on-line edition, in Russian
1879 births
1958 deaths
People from Nevelsky District, Pskov Oblast
People from Nevelsky Uyezd
Explorers from the Russian Empire
Russian explorers
Russian geographers
Soviet geographers
Geography of Central Asia
Geography of Tajikistan
Explorers of Central Asia
Soviet explorers |
17335665 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%20Haim | Ben Haim | Ben Haim, also transliterated as Ben Hayim or Ben-Chaim, is a Hebrew surname meaning "son of life" . Notable people with the surname include:
(born 1968), Israeli journalist
Baruch Ben Haim (1921–2005), American rabbi
Eliyahu Ben Haim (born 1940), American rabbi
Paul Ben-Haim (1897–1984), Israeli composer
Tal Ben Haim (born 1982), Israeli footballer
Tal Ben Haim (footballer, born 1989), Israeli footballer
Hebrew-language surnames
Jewish surnames |
20468270 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santapur | Santapur | Santapur is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 25000.
Santapur is a VDC that falls in newly made municipality Chandrapur, in
Rautaht district, Narayani zone of Nepal that is on the way to Gaur.
It has its own name and fame. As it consists of district's old school Shree Subhlalal Madhyamik bidhyalaya.it has two campuses. Besides this there are 3 private boarding schools.
It has approximately population of 25000 recently In the census 2068 B.S.many students of this villages are studying medicals in other countries like India and Bangladesh
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
20468284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santpur | Santpur | Santpur is a town and market center in Chandrapur Municipality in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. The formerly village development committee was merged to form the municipality on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5594.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
6900829 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thant%20Myint-U | Thant Myint-U | Thant Myint-U ( ; born 31 January 1966) is an American-born Burmese historian, writer, grandson of former United Nations Secretary-General U Thant, former UN official, and former special adviser to the president for the peace process. He has authored five books, including The River of Lost Footsteps: A Personal History of Burma and Where China Meets India: Burma and the New Crossroads of Asia. He founded the Yangon Heritage Trust in 2012 to protect colonial architecture and lobby for urban planning in the Burmese capital Yangon.
Life and education
Thant Myint-U was born in New York City to Burmese parents. He grew up in Riverdale, Bronx at the home of his maternal grandfather, the then-Secretary-General of the United Nations U Thant. From 1971 to 1980, he studied at Riverdale Country School, a private college-preparatory day school in Bronx. He graduated from International School Bangkok in 1983. He has three sisters. He gained Burmese citizenship in 2011 and is now a Myanmar national.
Thant earned a BSc in government and economics from Harvard University, an MA in international relations and international economics from Johns Hopkins University, and his PhD in history from Cambridge University in 1996. From 1996 to 1999, he was a junior research fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, where he taught history. Thant is married to Sofia Busch. He has a son, Thurayn-Harri, born in 1999 to Hanna Guðrún, a granddaughter of Iceland's first woman mayor Hulda Jakobsdóttir.
Career
He served on three UN peacekeeping operations. He first served as a human rights officer from 1992 to 1993 at the UN Transitional Authority for Cambodia in Phnom Penh. In 1994, he was the spokesman for the UN Protection Force in the former Yugoslavia, based in Sarajevo. In 1996, he was a political adviser in the Office of the UN's Special Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina.
In 2000, he joined the UN Secretariat in New York. He worked first at the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, then at the United Nations Department of Political Affairs, and at the Policy Planning Unit as a chief in 2004. During this time, he was a member of the secretariat of the Secretary-General's Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change (High Level Threat Panel). From the late 2005 to early 2006, he was briefly a senior officer at the Executive Office of the Secretary-General.
Aside from being chairman of the Yangon Heritage Trust, he was, from 2011 to 2015, a member of the National Economic and Social Advisory Council, special adviser to the Myanmar government for the peace process at the Myanmar Peace Centre, senior research fellow of the Myanmar Development Resources Institute, and member of the Fund Board of the (Myanmar) Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund.
During a December 2019 book tour in the US, Thant expressed his forebodings about Myanmar's future. In an interview with Singapore's The Straits Times, Thant remarked that the threat of climate change made him pessimistic about the country's future. "I think whatever we think of the [Myanmar's] ledger in general, perhaps it comes to 50/50," he said. "When you add on what is almost certainly going to be the impact of global climate change on Burma, I think it's hard to be too optimistic right now."
Works
Thant has written opt-in pieces for The New York Times, The Washington Post, the Los Angeles Times the International Herald Tribune, the London Review of Books, the New Statesman, the Far Eastern Economic Review, Time and The Times Literary Supplement. His book, The River of Lost Footsteps was on India's Monster and Critics' non-fiction bestsellers list for the fourth week of October 2007. He was awarded the "Asia Pacific Awards" (Asian Affairs Research Council and Mainichi Newspapers) "Special Prize" in November 2014 for Where China Meets India. His latest book, The Hidden History of Burma was released in November 2019.
Awards
For his efforts to preserve Yangon's colonial buildings, he was named by the Foreign Policy magazine as one of the "100 Leading Global Thinkers" in its annual list in 2013. He was voted 15th in Prospect magazine's annual online poll of the "World's Leading Thinkers" in 2014 in a list which feature many notable Indians including Kaushik Basu.He received Fukuoka Prize in 2015 awarded by the city of Fukuoka. In 2018, he received Padma Shri, the fourth-ranked civilian award in India.
References
Harvard University alumni
Johns Hopkins University alumni
American people of Burmese descent
Historians of Southeast Asia
1966 births
Living people
21st-century American historians
Recipients of the Padma Shri in public affairs |
20468291 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UF%20Health%20Shands%20Cancer%20Hospital | UF Health Shands Cancer Hospital | UF Health Shands Cancer Hospital is an academic cancer center in Gainesville, Florida. The 200 bed complex focuses on producing basic laboratory findings that will ultimately be used for preventive therapies for cancers.
Background
This complex is eight stories high, and contains over of space. The facility houses about 200 private inpatient beds for a variety of patients, including those receiving diagnostic and therapeutic oncology services. It also includes a Critical Care Center for emergency and trauma related services. Designed by Flad Architects and built by SkanskaUSA, construction was completed in 2009 and cost $388 million.
See also
University of Florida
Shands at the University of Florida
University of Florida College of Medicine
J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center
Buildings at the University of Florida
References
External links
UF Health
UF Health Shands Cancer Hospital
UF Health Cancer Center
Hospital buildings completed in 2006
Teaching hospitals in Florida
Hospitals in Florida
University of Florida
Buildings and structures in Gainesville, Florida
Cancer hospitals
2006 establishments in Florida |
6900837 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy%20Spognardi | Andy Spognardi | Andrea Ettore Spognardi (October 18, 1908 – January 1, 2000) was a Major League Baseball infielder who played for the Boston Red Sox during the last month of the 1932 season, in which the Red Sox finished in last place, 54 games behind the league champion New York Yankees. The Boston College athlete had never played in the minor leagues before his first Red Sox appearance, when he substituted in a game they were losing 15-0 in Philadelphia. The 23-year-old rookie was tall and weighed 160 lbs.
In 17 games as a second baseman, shortstop and third baseman he handled 52 of 53 chances successfully for a fielding percentage of .981. He hit .294 (10-for-34), and 6 bases on balls raised his on-base percentage up to .400. He scored 9 runs and had 1 run batted in.
Spognardi died in his hometown of Boston, Massachusetts, at the age of 91.
External links
Baseball Reference
Retrosheet
Major League Baseball infielders
Baseball players from Massachusetts
Boston Red Sox players
1908 births
2000 deaths
Major League Baseball second basemen
Watertown Townies players |
20468293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarmujawa | Sarmujawa | Sarmujawa is a village of Budhimai Municipality in Rautahat District in the Province No. 2 of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5896 people living in 1069 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
17335679 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First%20Lady%20of%20Paraguay | First Lady of Paraguay | First Lady of Paraguay (Spanish: Primera Dama de Paraguay), also called First Lady of the Nation (Spanish: Primera Dama de la Nación), is the official post of the wife (or designated person) of the president of Paraguay. The official workplace of the Paraguayan first lady is Mburuvicha Róga. The current first lady of Paraguay is Silvana López Moreira, wife of President Mario Abdo Benítez.
Structure
According to Paraguayan law, the Office of the First Lady of the Nation depends structurally and financially on the presidency of the republic. The first lady exercises her duties through the REPADEH (Red Paraguaya para el Desarrollo Humano) Foundation, focused mainly in social and health affairs.
With the exception of a 14-month period between 2012–2013, Paraguay did not have a president's wife as First Lady for a decade, between 2008 and 2018. As Fernando Lugo, who was elected President in 2008, was unmarried, he designated his elder sister, Mercedes Lugo, as First Lady. After Lugo was impeached and succeeded by Federico Franco, Franco's wife Emilia Alfaro de Franco assumed the post; however, Franco's successor, Horacio Cartes, one day after assuming the presidency, ended the title of First Lady instead of handing it to his estranged wife, María Montaña de Cartes.
Partial list of first ladies
References
External links
ABC Color: Galería de primeras damas paraguayas
Paraguay |
17335684 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyman%20C.%20Josephs%20House | Lyman C. Josephs House | The Lyman C. Josephs House, also known as Louisiana, is a historic home at 438 Wolcott Avenue in Middletown, Rhode Island. Architect Clarence Luce designed the house, which was built in 1882, and is a well-preserved early example of the Shingle style. The house received architectural notice not long after its construction, but is more noted for its relatively modest size and lack of ostentation than the summer houses of nearby Newport. It was built for the Josephs family of Baltimore, Maryland.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References
Houses completed in 1882
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Houses in Newport County, Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in Middletown, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island
Shingle Style houses
Shingle Style architecture in Rhode Island |
23575502 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism%20in%20Azerbaijan | Tourism in Azerbaijan | Tourism in Azerbaijan has been an important sector of the Azerbaijani economy since the 1990s. According to Azerbaijan's Center for Economic and Social Development, the country is in 39th place among 148 countries in tourism competitiveness indicators. The World Travel and Tourism Council reported that Azerbaijan is among the top ten countries with the greatest increase in visitor exports from 2010 to 2016. The country had the world's fastest-developing travel and tourism economy (a 46.1% increase) in 2017. To promote tourism, Azerbaijan sponsored Atlético Madrid jerseys reading "Azerbaijan – Land of Fire". In 2018, a new tourism brand and a slogan "take another look" were introduced.
Visas
Tourist visas can be obtained from an Azerbaijani embassy or electronically online without an embassy visit. In 2016, a tax-free shopping system was introduced to attract foreign shoppers. Purchases must be made up to 90 days before export to be eligible for the tax refund.
In January 2017, Azerbaijan introduced its electronic visa for a single-entry visit of up to 30 days. The e-visa is available to tourists from 93 countries, who can apply on the e-visa website. A visa is not required for citizens of the Commonwealth of Independent States (except Turkmenistan and Armenia) who intend to visit Azerbaijan within 90 days.
Due to a state of war with Armenia, the government of Azerbaijan has banned the entry of citizens from Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent (including Armenian Russians, Turkish Armenians, etc.), to the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Statistics
Over 1.4 million tourists visited Azerbaijan in 2008. In 2017, a record-high number of 2,691,998 foreign citizens visited Azerbaijan. Visitors to the country in 2017 came from the following countries:
Most of the visitors were from Europe, Asia, and North America. There were 1,818,258 foreigners in Azerbaijan in 2017. The overwhelming majority were citizens of the Russian Federation, Georgia, Iran, Turkey and UAE. “Azerbaijan expects a massive flow of tourists from the Arab countries, Iran, Russia, Kazakhstan, much less will come from Ukraine and Belarus, and only a small flow from European states.
Azerbaijan had 320 hotels in 2007, 370 in 2008, 452 in 2009, 499 in 2010, 508 in 2011 and 514 in 2012. The country has 230 tourist agencies and 560 hotels and hostels.
State support
Azerbaijan began tourism-development planning for 2002–2005 and 2010–2014. The programs compiled tourism statistics, particularly its effect on the GNP. The Ministry of Tourism made a development study from 2008 to 2016 to increase accommodations and attract foreigners.
In March 2018, Ministry of Culture tourism head Aydin Ismiyev expressed a desire to develop Halal tourism. The following month, the 17th international tourism and travel exhibition (AITF 2018) opened. Azerbaijan also provides culinary tourism.
Resort areas
In addition to the capital, Baku, Azerbaijan has a number of resort areas with varied climates and a variety of flora and fauna. Notable areas are the cities as Ganja, Nakhchivan, Gabala and Shaki Shaki is noted for its architectural heritage: the 1763 Palace of Shaki Khans, mausoleums and fortresses. Nakhchivan was a centre of traditional medicine and has salt mines and mausoleums. Lankaran, near the Caspian Sea, has a history dating back to the 10th century BC.
Historic monuments
Baku's Old City
Baku has a number of historic and architectural monuments. The Old City is its ancient core. In December 2000, the Old City (including the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and the Maiden Tower) was named Azerbaijan's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The Walled City of Baku (Icheri Sheher) hosts over 50 historic and architectural monuments, including Synyg Gala (the Broken Tower). The Palace of the Shirvanshahs, built at the beginning of the 15th century, is a hallmark of Azerbaijani architecture. The complex contains the palace, the Shirvanshah's residence, a mosque with minarets, a bathhouse, and the residence of Seyid Yahya Bakuvi. Construction began in 1441 and was completed in 1558.
The Maiden Tower, in the south-western part of the walled city, was built in two stages. Its bottom part, high, is dated by most experts to the 6th–7th centuries BC. The tower has a total height of , with a diameter of . The wall is thick at the bottom, tapering to at the top. The tower has of eight tiers and a well. It was built by 12th-century architect Masud ibn Davud, who was probably the father of the architect of the Mardakan Round Tower. Its foundation is believed to be a Sasanid-era Zoroastrian site.
Ateshgah of Baku
The Ateshgah of Baku is a temple in the south-western Suraxanı raion on the Absheron Peninsula, from Baku. West of the Caspian Sea, it was built by Hindu, Sikh and Parsi traders from the Indian subcontinent during the 17th and 18th centuries. Ateshgah is a fire temple, with its central stone shrine on a pocket of natural gas. The present structure was built around 1713, and the central shrine was funded by the merchant Kanchanagaran in 1810.
The Absheron Peninsula is noted for its shallow oil deposits, which trigger natural oil fires. Zoroastrianism has a long history in Azerbaijan, and the region was considered sacred by Zoroastrians due to these natural fires. Scholars have speculated that the temple may have been an ancient Zoroastrian shrine which was destroyed by invading Islamic armies during the Muslim conquest of Persia and its neighbouring regions.
The complex was converted into a museum in 1975 and receives about 15,000 visitors a year. It was nominated as a World Heritage site in 1998 and was declared a state historical-architectural reserve.
Gobustan National Park
Gobustan National Park, southwest of Baku, is noted for its rock carvings. The park was founded in 1966 when the region was declared a national historical landmark to preserve its ancient carvings and mud volcanoes.
Gobustan Rock Art Cultural Landscape, in the park, has more than 6,000 rock engravings dating back from 5,000 to 40,000 years. The site also features the remains of inhabited caves, settlements and burials, reflecting intensive use by the area's inhabitants from the Upper Paleolithic to the Middle Ages. The site covers an area of .
The rock engravings depict primitive men, animals, weapons, ritual dances, bullfights, boats with armed oarsmen, warriors with lances, camel caravans, and the sun and stars. In 2007, Gobustan was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site of universal value.
Mardakan castles
Mardakan, a settlement in Baku, has two ancient towers. The quadrangular tower was built in the 12th century by Akhsitan, the son of Shirvanshah Mechehrin, to commemorate a military victory. The tower has a wall thick at the bottom, tapering to at the top. The inside of the tower is divided into five tiers. The second tower is round and tall. Its inner part consists of three circles. The inscription on the tower wall reads that it was built by the architect Abdulmejid Masud in 1232.
Palace of Shaki Khans
The Palace of Shaki Khans in Shaki, from Baku, was a summer residence of the Shaki Khanate which was built in the early 18th century. It features decorative tiles, fountains, and several stained-glass windows. The exterior is decorated with dark blue, turquoise and ochre tiles in geometric patterns; the murals, coloured with tempera, are inspired by the poetry of Nizami Ganjavi.
Apart from being uniquely beautiful one of the outstanding features is that no nails or glue was used in the construction of the building.
Modern architecture
The white Heydar Aliyev Center, designed by Pritzker Architecture Prize winner Zaha Hadid, is a symbol of modern Baku. It contains two ornamental pools and an artificial lake.
The Flame Towers, Baku's tallest building complex, has flame-shaped towers. Skyscrapercity.com awarded the complex first place for its lighting.
Mountain tourism
Mountain tourism is popular in Azerbaijan, and two large resorts (Tufandag and Shahdag) have been built in the Gusar and Gabala regions. At above sea level, the resorts present opportunities for skiing and snowboarding.
Mountain tourism is encouraged by the Mountain Sports Club (MSC), which was founded in 1999. Club members have climbed Mount Shahdagh.
Khinalig, in the Quba region on the southeastern ridge of the Caucasus Mountains, is Azerbaijan's highest mountain village. Its highest peak is above sea level. There are a number of caves around the village, which has a small museum with local artifacts such as tools, toys, clothes and manuscripts.
The village of Lahij, in the southern Greater Caucasus range of northern Azerbaijan about above sea level, is a center of ancient art. Lahij is known for its forests, mountains, waterfalls, historic monuments and ancient artifacts. Laza is a village at the foot of Mount Shahdagh.
Shahdag Mountain Resort (named after the Greater Caucasus mountain), about from Qusar, is Azerbaijan's first ski resort. It has private homes, hotels, cottages, villages and tent camping in summer. Winter activities include snowmobiling, horseback riding, sledding and tubing, and the resort has a snow park for children. Tufandag, about from Gabala, has a cable car, skiing, an entertainment center for children and a hotel.
National parks
Azerbaijan has eight other national parks. Zangezur National Park (formerly Ordubad National Park) was renamed and expanded in 2009. The park has 58 species of animals (35 vertebrates and 23 insects) and 39 endangered plant species. It is home to the Anatolian leopard, mountain sheep, bezoar goat, white-tail sea eagle, golden eagle, and little bustard.
The semi-arid Shirvan National Park has a lake covering about . It is home to many bird species (including turaj, little bustard, bustard, swans and flamingoes), which winter and nest in the marshy areas. Djeyran gazelles are the most populous mammals in the region.
Ag-Gel National Park, also semi-arid, is on the Mil plain of the Kur-Araz Lowland. Over 140 species of birds are found, including 89 species of nesting birds such as partridge, spoonbill, swan, teal and bustard. The park is on the Ramsar Convention list of internationally important wetlands.
Hirkan National Park, on the Lankaran Lowland and in the Talysh Mountains, is 99% forested and strictly protected. The park preserves relictual and endemic plant species from the Tertiary, and contains 150 types of trees and bushes such as the Hirkan box tree, iron tree, chestnut leave oak, fig tree, Hirkan pear tree, silk acacia, Caucasus palm tree, Caspian Gleditsia, butcher's broom and alders. Fauna includes the Persian leopard, Talysh pheasant and golden eagle.
Altyaghach National Park is 90.5% covered by temperate deciduous broadleaf forest, and major tree species include iron trees, Caucasus hornbeam, Oriental beech, cud and birches. The park is home to the rare East Caucasian tur (Capra cylindricornis), a mountain-dwelling caprine found only in the eastern half of the Caucasus Mountains. Other species include roe deer, bear, wild boar, lynx, fox, rabbit, squirrel, and wolf.
The Soviet-era predecessor of Absheron National Park was the Absheron State Nature Preserve which was created in July 1969 to protect gazelle, Caspian seal, and water birds. The area's climate is also semi-arid (Köppen classification BSk). Vegetation is sparse due to soil dryness and salinity. Seacoast sand plants make up 42.6% of vegetation, meadow grasses 13.2% and annual salt grasses 5.2%. Ephemeral plants develop in early spring. Fauna is similar to that in Shirvan National Park: gazelle, jackal, fox, rabbit, badger, in Caspian waters seal and various fishes, birds such as silver gull, wheezing swan, grey and red-headed black- and white-eyed black ducks, white bittern, sandpiper, marsh belibagli, sea bozcha, and other migrant birds.
Shahdag National Park, in northern Azerbaijan on the border with Russia and Georgia, was created in 2006. The World Bank allocated a $17 million loan and $8 million grant in 2007, and the government of Japan provided an $8 million grant for the southern Caucasus' largest national park.
Göygöl National Park, created in 2008, is Azerbaijan's newest national park. Its Soviet-era predecessor was the Goy Gol State Reserve, established in 1925. The park, in the east on the northern slopes of the Lesser Caucasus, includes Lake Göygöl. It contains over 420 plant species (including 20 which are endemic to the area) and is home to brown bears, Caucasian red deer, roe deer, and lynx. Bird species include the lammergeyer, raven, and mountain partridge.
Museums
Most museums are located in major cities, such as Baku (including the Baku Museum of Miniature Books), Ganja, Nakhchivan, Sumgait, Lankaran, Mingachevir and Shaki.
Hunting
Azerbaijan permits the hunting of Dagestan goat, wild boar, rabbit, forest dove, quail, partridge, water birds (goose, duck, coot), woodcock and chamois. Hunting is prohibited in the Aghdam, Khanlar, Goranboy, Dashkasan, Gadabay and Ter Ter regions, the Caspian Sea islands, green zones, protected areas and near cities and resort areas.
See also
Culture of Azerbaijan
Tourism in Baku
Ministry of Culture (Azerbaijan)
State Tourism Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan
References
External links
Official Azerbaijan tourism site
https://www.azernews.az/nation/82961.html
https://www.bestbakutours.com
Travel information from Visions of Azerbaijan Journal
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan |
20468301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saruatha | Saruatha | Saruatha is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4463 people living in 836 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
20468303 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapelton%20v%20Barry%20UDC | Chapelton v Barry UDC | Chapelton v Barry Urban District Council [1940] 1 KB 532, the "deckchair case", is an English contract law case on offer and acceptance and exclusion clauses. It stands for the proposition that a display of goods can be an offer and a whole offer, rather than an invitation to treat, and serves as an example for how onerous exclusion clauses can be deemed to not be incorporated in a contract.
Facts
David Chapelton went to a beach with his friend, Miss Andrews, at Cold Knap, a district of Barry in south Wales. There was a pile of deckchairs. A notice next to them said,
It also said tickets should be obtained from attendants. Mr Chapelton took two chairs from an attendant, paid the money and received two tickets. He put them in his pocket. On the tickets was written,
When Mr Chapelton sat on the chair it gave way, the canvas tearing from the top of the chair. He was injured. The county court judge held the council would have been negligent but that liability was exempted by the ticket. Mr Chapelton appealed.
Judgment
The Court of Appeal upheld Mr Chapelton's claim, overturning the judgment at first instance; it held that there was a valid offer when the chairs were on display, accepted when picked up the chairs from the defendant. Therefore, the ticket was merely a receipt of the contract, and the exclusion clause could not be incorporated as a term, because it was too late. Slesser LJ read the facts and gave his judgment first.
See also
Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v. Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd.
Notes
English incorporation case law
English unfair terms case law
Court of Appeal (England and Wales) cases
1940 in British law
1940 in case law
Barry, Vale of Glamorgan
20th century in Glamorgan |
23575507 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duzluk | Duzluk | Duzluk is a village in north-eastern Slavonia, administratively located in the Town of Orahovica, Virovitica-Podravina county, Croatia.
Population
References
CD-rom: "Naselja i stanovništvo RH od 1857-2001. godine", Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Hrvatske, Zagreb, 2005.
Populated places in Virovitica-Podravina County |
20468304 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Hempstead | USS Hempstead | USS Hempstead has been the name of more than one United States Navy ship, and may refer to:
, a proposed seaplane tender that was cancelled in 1943 prior to construction
, a proposed attack transport that was cancelled in 1947 prior to construction
United States Navy ship names |
23575512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim%20Jupp | Jim Jupp | Jim Jupp is a producer, composer, and along with the graphic designer Julian House he co-owns the Ghost Box record label and manager of Belbury Music Publishing. He records as Belbury Poly.
Jupp also runs his own music publishing business and small run record label, Belbury Music
Recording career
Since 2004 he has recorded six albums for Ghost Box with Belbury Poly, and one album as Eric Zann and also records with Jon Brooks as The Belbury Circle. He has collaborated on Ghost Box singles and EPs with John Foxx, Pye Corner Audio, Spacedog, The Advisory Circle and Moon Wiring Club, Jupp has remixed work by Pye Corner Audio, The Advisory Circle, Moon Wiring Club, Bill Ryder-Jones, John Foxx, Mirrors, Bernard Fevre, The Memory Band, Sharron Kraus. The track "The Willows" taken from the first Belbury Poly album of the same name was reworked by Paul Weller as "Earth Beat" for his 2020 album On Sunset. The debut EP by Belbury Poly, Farmer's Angle was included in an Electronic Sound magazine feature, A History of Electronic Music in 75 Records.
Musical Influence
In interviews Jupp has cited several influences including French soundtrack composer François de Roubaix, Harmonia, the BBC Radiophonic Workshop, Broadcast, Caravan and more generally Early Music, Folk music, Krautrock, 1970s TV Soundtracks and Electronic Music of the 60s & 70s.
References
External links
Ghost Box Website
British electronic musicians
Living people
British record producers
Ghost Box Music
Year of birth missing (living people) |
23575521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupp | Jupp | Jupp may refer to:
Jupp (given name), a German masculine given name
Jupp (surname), a surname
jupp, a cross-platform text editor forked from Joe's Own Editor
See also
Jup (disambiguation) |
6900838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20All%20Star%20Talent%20Show | The All Star Talent Show | The All Star Talent Show is a 2006 UK television programme that was broadcast on Five. It was presented by Andi Peters and Myleene Klass, with Julian Clary making up the judging panel alongside two guest judges. Each show had six celebrities performing, with the winner of each episode going into the final at the end of the series. In addition, the runner up with the most votes at the end of the series also performed again in the final.
Episodes
Week 1 (8 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Jo Brand and Kerry Katona. The winner of this heat was Carol Thatcher. Juliette Foster was the highest scoring runner up in the whole series and so made it into the final as well.
Week 2 (15 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Bobby Davro and Sally Lindsay. The winner of this heat was Jodie Marsh.
Week 3 (22 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Lucy Benjamin and Christopher Biggins. The winner of this heat was Roy Walker.
Week 4 (29 September)
The two guest judges on this episode were Bonnie Langford and Freddie Starr. The winner of this heat was Henry Olonga.
Week 5 (6 October)
The two guest judges on this episode were Peter André and Vanessa Feltz. The winner of this heat was Toby Anstis.
Week 6: Final (13 October)
The two guest judges on this episode were Jo Brand and David Gest.
The winner of the series was Henry Olonga.
External links
Channel 5 (British TV channel) reality television shows
2000s British reality television series
2006 British television series debuts
2006 British television series endings
Talent shows
Celebrity reality television series
Celebrity competitions
English-language television shows |
17335705 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stick%20to%20Your%20Guns%20%28band%29 | Stick to Your Guns (band) | Stick to Your Guns is an American hardcore punk band from Orange County, California. Members of the band include Jesse Barnett (vocals), Andrew Rose (bass), George Schmitz (drums), Chris Rawson and Josh James (guitars). They are currently signed with Pure Noise Records.
History
Early years, For What It's Worth, and Comes From the Heart (2003–2008)
Frontman Jesse Barnett formed the band by recruiting Casey Lagos (whom he knew from his days on the worship team for Saddleback Church) on drums. After composing a few songs together, the two enlisted Justin Rutherford and Curtis Pleshe on guitars and Noah Calvin on bass. Their style made an impression locally, leading to the release of their first EP, Compassion without Compromise, in 2004. The band travelled to Oakland, California to debut their first studio album For What It's Worth, later released on This City Is Burning Records. The album includes one of their best known songs, "This Is More", and its release launched them to wider prominence, while the members were still in high school. Upon graduation, they went on tour throughout the United States.
On 2007, Century Media Records signed the band and re-released their debut album with two bonus tracks. After several line-up changes, the band started recording their second full-length album with only two members, Jesse Barnett and Casey Lagos. Marking a significant change in Barnett's vocal style, Comes from the Heart was released in 2008 through Century Media. That year, the band was part of Warped Tour, Hell on Earth and numerous other tours. While they were supporting Every Time I Die's tour in November 2008, Casey Lagos decided to quit the band to pursue his own musical career.
Signing with Sumerian Records and The Hope Division (2008–2011)
Ash Avildsen of Sumerian Records signed the band after seeing them at the Anaheim House of Blues. In 2010 the band began working on their third full-length with a stable line-up consisting of Jesse Barnett on vocals, George Schmitz on drums, Chris Rawson and Reid Haymond on guitars and Andrew Rose on bass. The Hope Division was released on June 1 meeting critical acclaim and leading them to mainstream success.
On November 2011, Stick to Your Guns posted a picture on their Facebook of a 20-year-old Arizona fan, Samuel Perkins, after several of his friends got tattoos of the heart which features on the cover of The Hope Division as a tribute to their friend. Along with the tattoo are the words "At least he died a lion." This was due to his long and painful battle with a brain tumor that he fought against; his friends called him the best person they have ever met. Stick to Your Guns saw the unity in their actions and decided to pay tribute to him by performing as the headliner at Sam's memorial show.
Diamond and Disobedient (2011–2016)
In 2011, a stand-alone single titled "Bringing You Down (A New World Overthrow)" and featuring guest vocals of Karl Schwartz from First Blood, was released in support of the Occupy Wall Street movement. This song was an early version of a single from their fourth album, Diamond, which was released in 2012 with Josh James (of Evergreen Terrace) replacing Reid Haymond on guitar. The genre-bending album debuted on the Billboard charts making it to #1 on the Heatseekers chart, #11 for Hard Rock Albums, #30 for Rock Albums and placed on the Billboard 200. Later that year, Josh James confirmed that he left Evergreen Terrace to become a permanent member of the band.
The band released several single to promote the album. One of the singles, "We Still Believe", went on to gain consistent radio play. The album scored the band a spot on the 2013 Warped Tour. While on the Warped Tour, it was announced that "Diamond" won an Independent Music Award for best Hardcore/Metal Album of the year.
In 2013, Pure Noise Records released a split EP which contained two songs from the band and two from The Story So Far. The EP featured their single "We Still Believe" and a cover of Inside Out's "Burning Fight". On 2014, they released Diamond: Decade Edition, a vinyl re-release of Diamond which featured three bonus tracks. The band was also featured on Florence + The Sphinx: Sumerian Ceremonials, a tribute album to Florence + The Machine, covering "Dog Days Are Over".
On February 5, 2014, the band entered the studio with producer John Feldmann (The Used, Story of the Year) to record their fifth studio album. Throughout the recording, the band released studio updates, confirming several guests to record vocals on the record, including: Scott Vogel of Terror, Toby Morse of H2O, Walter Delgado of Rotting Out, the members of Motionless in White and producer John Feldmann himself. Recording finished on March 12, 2014.
On September 16, 2014, the band released a teaser video for their new album on their Facebook page, announcing the album's title as being Disobedient, as well as the album's release date—February 10, 2015. The band then premiered a new track from the album on October 21, titled "Nobody" through Alternative Press.
Better Ash Than Dust and True View (2016–present)
In July 2016 it was announced that Stick to Your Guns had left Sumerian Records and signed to Pure Noise Records. The band released their first song after label change called Universal Language on July 16, 2016. It was announced that Stick to Your Guns would release an EP later that year. In August more information about the EP was published. The name is Better Ash Than Dust and was set for release on September 23, 2016, via Pure Noise Records and End Hits Records for a European release.
Between September 8 and October 2, 2016, the band toured throughout North America alongside Hardcore punk acts Stray from the Path and Knocked Loose. Stick to Your Guns became the first American band to play a concert in East African country Kenya. Shortly after their performance in Kenya the band went on European tour with Australian metalcore band Parkway Drive. In June 2017 the band started working on their sixth studio record with producer Derek Hoffman. The album, True View, was released on October 13, 2017.
In November and December 2017, Stick to Your Guns played another European tour which was supported by Being as an Ocean and Silent Planet. In the beginning of 2018 Stick to Your Guns toured North America with British band Architects and Canadian hardcore band Counterparts. In the Spring of 2018, Stick to Your Guns supported Parkway Drive on their USA tour. Stick to Your Guns co-headlined a North American tour in the fall of 2018 with Emmure. Wage War and Sanction joined the lineup as support.
Stick to Your Guns headlined the "Pure Noise Tour" in the Summer of 2019 in North America. Counterparts, Terror, Year of the Knife and Sanction all joined up as support for the tour. Stick to Your Guns also supported Knocked Loose on their Different Shade of Blue Tour. Rotting Out, Candy and SeeYouSpaceCowboy also joined up as support.
On February 18, 2021, Stick to Your Guns released an EP titled The Meaning Remains. It contained acoustic versions of Amber, Nobody, Forgiveness of Self, and a cover of Take on Me.
Musical style and influences
Stick to Your Guns has been described as hardcore punk, melodic hardcore and metalcore. The mutual influences of its members include Propagandhi, Boysetsfire, Metallica, Trial, Hatebreed, and Inside Out.
The band's lyrics address subjects ranging from self-reflection to political and social statements. Stick to Your Guns identifies with the straight edge subculture and George Schmitz once described it as "a secret straight edge band" because they have focused on several other topics throughout their career rather than only this movement.
Members
Current
Jesse Barnett – lead vocals, additional guitars (2003–present), piano (2008–present), lead guitar (2010–2012)
Andrew Rose – bass, backing vocals (2008–present)
George Schmitz – drums (2008–present)
Chris Rawson – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2009–present)
Josh James – lead guitar, backing vocals (2012–present)
Former members
Curtis Pleshe – lead guitar, backing vocals (2003–2006)
Noah Calvin – bass, backing vocals (2003–2006)
Justin Rutherford – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2003–2006)
Ryan Nelson – lead guitar, backing vocals (2006–2008)
Darel McFayden – bass, backing vocals (2007–2008)
Casey Lagos – drums, piano, backing vocals (2003–2008), bass (2006–2007)
Alex Barnett – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2006–2009)
Reid Haymond – lead guitar, backing vocals (2008–2010)
Timeline
Discography
Studio albums
For What It's Worth (2005, This City Is Burning Records)
Comes from the Heart (2008, Century Media Records)
The Hope Division (2010, Sumerian Records)
Diamond (2012, Sumerian Records)
Disobedient (2015, Sumerian Records)
True View (2017, Pure Noise Records)
Spectre (2022, Pure Noise Records)
Extended plays
Compassion without Compromise (2004, self-released)
The Story So Far vs. Stick to Your Guns (split CD) (2013, Pure Noise Records)
Better Ash Than Dust (2016, Pure Noise Records/End Hits Records)
The Meaning Remains (2021, Pure Noise Records)
Other songs
"Laught Right Back" – 2008 version
"Bringing You Down (A New World Overthrow)" – 2011 single, later re-recorded for Diamond
"Dog Days Are Over" – from Florence + The Sphinx: Sumerian Ceremonials
"Hasta La Victoria (Demo)" - Released in honor of Victor Jara, via Bandcamp only
References
External links
American metalcore musical groups
Century Media Records artists
Hardcore punk groups from California
Musical groups from Orange County, California
Musical quintets
Straight edge groups
Sumerian Records artists
End Hits Records artists |
17335751 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luce%20Hall | Luce Hall | Luce Hall was the first purpose-built building for the U.S. Naval War College, founded at Newport, Rhode Island, in 1884. It is located at Building 1, Luce Avenue, Naval Station Newport. The building is named after Rear Admiral Stephen Luce.
In a Flemish style inspired by the town hall and guild halls on the Grote Markt in Antwerp, Belgium, local Newport architects George C. Mason & Son designed the building for the Navy with gables facing Narragansett Bay. It was completed on 22 May 1892 at the cost of $82,875, with the remainder of the $100,000 Congressional appropriation being spent on heating and equipment. The building was originally designed to have four sets of officers' quarters, one in each corner of the building, with the College classrooms, library, and administration located in the center section. This usage remained until 1914, when the entire building was opened for official uses.
The building was the main administrative building for the Naval War College from 1892, when Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan was President of the Naval War College for his second time, until 1974 during the presidency of Vice Admiral Stansfield Turner, when the president's office was moved to newly constructed Conolly Hall.
The building was designated part of a National Historic Landmark District, along with the building that is now the Naval War College Museum (which housed the college's first facilities but was built in 1819 to house Newport's poor), in 1964. It was separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References
John B. Hattendorf, B. Mitchell Simpson III, John R. Wadleigh, Sailors and Scholars: The Centennial History of the U.S. Naval War College (1984)
Buildings and structures in Newport, Rhode Island
Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Naval War College
National Register of Historic Places in Newport, Rhode Island
Historic district contributing properties in Rhode Island |
20468307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teopanzolco | Teopanzolco | Teopanzolco is an Aztec archaeological site in the Mexican state of Morelos. Due to urban growth, it now lies within the modern city of Cuernavaca. Most of the visible remains date from the Middle to Late Postclassic Period (1300-1521).
Etymology
Teopanzolco comes from the Nahuatl language, it has been interpreted as "the place of the old temple".
Location
Teopanzolco was built upon a hill formed from a lava flow. Although this area is now occupied by the Vista Hermosa district of Cuernavaca, in pre-Columbian times it was an area of coniferous woodland.
History of the site
The Morelos Valley was settled from about 2000 BC. During the Classic Period, Teopanzolco came under the influence of the great metropolis of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico. By the Postclassic, various Nahua groups had moved into the Altiplano; the Tlahuicas founded nearby Cuauhnahuac (Cuernavaca) and Teopanzolco itself. They were conquered in 1427 AD by the Aztec emperor Moctezuma Ilhuicamina, after which they were integrated into the Aztec Empire and were obliged to pay tribute and participate in Aztec military campaigns. The prehispanic history of Teopanzolco was brought to a close by the Spanish Conquest in 1521, at which time the Tlahuicas were still living in the area and paying tribute to the Aztecs.
Teopanzolco was probably the original centre of the city of Cuauhnahuac during the Early Aztec period (AD 1150–1350) before the ceremonial centre was moved to a more defensible location, now the centre of the modern city of Cuernavaca. After the relocation of the ceremonial centre no new construction was undertaken at Teopanzolco.
The site of Teopanzolco was rediscovered in the 1910s, during the Mexican Revolution, when the revolutionary forces of Emiliano Zapata installed an artillery emplacement upon the Great Platform (Building 1) in order to shell federalist positions in the centre of Cuernavaca. The resulting cannon fire shook loose the soil, revealing the stonework below.
The modern history of Teopanzolco begins with the first excavations at the site in 1921, no further investigations took place until it was excavated in 1956-7 by Mexican archaeologists Román Piña Chan and Eduardo Noguera, who investigated the temple of Ehecatl and established a ceramic sequence for the site. Further archaeological investigations took place in 1968-9 (by Angulo Villaseñor) and in 1980 (by Wanda Tomassi). INAH has undertaken maintenance and minor excavations annually since 1985.
The earthquake of September 19, 2017, damaged the main temple. As archaeologists began repairing the damage, they were surprised to find a smaller, previously unknown temple inside, which presumably was dedicated to Tlaloc, the god of rain. Archaeologists discovered stucco-covered walls, a bench, and a pilaster, which may date to the Posclásico Medio period (A.D. 1150-1200). While more studies need to be undertaken to prove this theory, this would mean that the temple of Teopanzolco predates the Templo Mayor in Mexico City.
The site
Only the ceremonial centre of Teopanzolco has been preserved. The residential areas of the prehispanic city lie beneath the modern development of Vista Hermosa, for this reason the actual size of the city is unknown. The surviving remains were built using local basalt. Although nothing survives of the original finishing, the buildings were presumably covered with painted plaster, as at other archaeological sites. Although the site had been developed by both the Tlahuicas and the Aztecs, the dominant architectural style and the majority of the excavated ceramics are Aztec in origin.
Great Platform or Building 1. This is the principal building within the archaeological zone. It consists of a westward facing rectangular pyramidal base that once supported twin temples; the northernmost was dedicated to Tlaloc, the Aztec rain god, while the southern temple was dedicated to Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. Two parallel stairways give access to the temples. This style of double temple is Aztec in origin. Two phases of building are evident, the second practically identical to the first and built on top of it. Only the platform survives from the second phase but sections of the walls of the twin temples survive from the earlier building phase. The later phase of construction appears to have been interrupted by the Spanish Conquest.
Temple of Tlaloc This consisted of a small enclosure surrounded by four pillars that presumably supported a wide roof that extended beyond the temple enclosure itself. It is situated upon the Great Platform.
Temple of Huitzilopochtli This was larger than the temple of Tlaloc and consisted of two rooms, one lying behind the other and accessed through it. The remains of an altar have been found in this inner sanctum . It is situated upon the Great Platform.
Building 2 This is a low, irregular platform with a wide north-facing stairway.
Building 3 is a small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway.
Building 4 is a wide but shallow rectangular platform with a borderless east-facing stairway. A pit was found in this structure, which contained a great number of human bones together with two obsidian knives. The bones belonged to 35 individuals of both sexes who had been sacrificed and dismembered.
Building 5 is another small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway.
Building 6 is a small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway.
Building 7 is a small, low circular platform with an east-facing stairway. It was a shrine dedicated to Ehecatl, the Aztec god of wind, one of the manifestations of Quetzalcoatl. A sunken chamber was found inside this platform, it was filled with offerings of ceramic vessels and human skulls, probably belonging to sacrificial victims.
Building 8 is a very small rectangular platform with an east-facing stairway.
Building 9 is another low circular platform. It was another shrine to Ehecatl, slightly larger than the similar Building 7.
Building 10 is a long rectangular platform running east-west, located behind buildings 3 to 6. It has two stairways facing east and another facing to the west. It appears to have been expanded several times during its history.
Building 12 is a large platform aligned with the Great Platform, lying directly to the north. It has three west-facing stairways.
Temple of Tezcatlipoca or Building 13 is directly behind (i.e. to the east of) the Great Platform. Its lower level had a double stairway that faced towards the latter. The upper level has a single, wide stairway. The combination of a cannonball strike during the Mexican Revolution and a large looters' pit has inflicted extensive damage upon the remains.
Platform 15 was excavated in 1997. It is located at the southern edge of the archaeological site. It was a large platform in a poor state of preservation. Below the platform were found the remains of a residence whose inhabitants manufactured dyes, as evidenced by the discovery of hearths with tools and traces of iron oxide-based pigments. The residence was demolished in order to build the overlying platform, leaving only the foundations containing domestic human burials.
The site is in the care of the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (National Institute of Anthropology and History) and is open to the public.
Notes
See also
Santa Cecilia Acatitlan
Templo Mayor
Tenayuca
Tlatelolco (archaeological site)
References
García Moll, Roberto (1993) Teopanzolco, Morelos miniguide, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.
Kelly, Joyce (2001) An Archaeological Guide to Central and Southern Mexico, University of Oklahoma Press.
External links
Teopanzolco at INAH
Aztec sites
Former populated places in Mexico
Archaeological sites in Morelos
Tourist attractions in Morelos |
23575529 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%202006%20Central%20American%20and%20Caribbean%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20200%20metre%20individual%20medley | Swimming at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games – Women's 200 metre individual medley | The Women's 200m Individual Medley at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games occurred on Friday, July 21, 2006, at the S.U. Pedro de Heredia Aquatic Complex in Cartagena, Colombia.
Records at the time of the event were:
World Record: 2:09.72, Wu Yanyan (China), Shanghai, China, October 17, 1997.
Games Record: 2:19.00, Carolyn Adel (Suriname), 1998 Games in Maracaibo (Aug.13.1998).
Results
Final
Preliminaries
References
Results: 2006 CACs--Swimming: Women's 200 IM--prelims from the official website of the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games; retrieved 2009-07-11.
Results: 2006 CACs--Swimming: Women's 200 IM--finals from the official website of the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games; retrieved 2009-07-11.
Medley, Women's 200m
2006 in women's swimming |
17335770 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudama%20Panday%20%27Dhoomil%27 | Sudama Panday 'Dhoomil' | Sudama Pandey "Dhoomil" (9 November 1936 – 10 February 1975) was an Indian poet who wrote in Hindi. He is known for his revolutionary writings and his "protest-poetry" along with Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh.
Known as the angry young man of Hindi poetry because of his rebellious writings, during his lifetime he published just one collection of poems, Sansad se Sarak Tak ("From the Parliament to the Street"), but another collection of his work entitled Kal Sunna Mujhe was released posthumously, and in 1979 went on to win the Sahitya Akademi Award in Hindi literature.
Sudama Pandey Ka Prajatantra, in 1984.[8] and Dhoomil Samagra in 2021 (in 3 Vol.) was published by his son Dr. Ratnashankar Pandey.
Biography
Sudama Pandey "Dhoomil" was born on 9 November 1936 in Khewali, Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh. After successfully passing out of secondary education at the tenth-grade level, he joined the Industrial Training Institute (ITI), Varanasi where he passed out with a Diploma in Electrics, and later he joined the same institution as an instructor in the Electricals Department.
He died on 10 February 1975, at the young age of 38.
In 2006 the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), a nationalist party, raised an objection in the Indian parliament over the inclusion of one of his radical poems "Mochiram" in the NCERT Hindi textbooks which subsequently was replaced by one of his other poems – "Ghar Main Wapsi".
The last book of Dhoomil, Sudama Pandey Ka Prajatantra, was published by his son Ratnashankar Pandey.
Works
Poetry collections
Sansad Se Sadak Tak - 1972
Kal Sunana Mujhe - 1976
Sudaama Paande Ka Prajaatantr - 1984
Dhoomil Samagra (In set of 3 Vol.) - 2021
Source:
Further reading
The Tree of Tongues — An Anthology of Modern Indian Poetry edited by E.V. Ramakrishnan. Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla.
Unfinished Business: Five Modern Hindi Poets (Dhoomil, Shrikant Verma, Raghuvir Sahay, Kunwar Narain, Kedarnath Singh) by Vinay Dharwadker.
"Four Hindi Poets", article by Shrikant Verma in World Literature Today, Vol. 68, 1994.
Contemporary Literature of Asia, by Arthur W. Biddle, Gloria Bien and Vinay Dharwadker. 1996, Prentice Hall. .
References
External links
Dhoomil at Kavita Kosh
The City, Evening, And An Old Man: Me, by 'Dhoomil'
1936 births
1975 deaths
Hindi-language poets
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Hindi
Writers from Varanasi
20th-century Indian poets
Indian male poets
Poets from Uttar Pradesh
20th-century Indian male writers |
20468310 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saunaraniya | Saunaraniya | Saunaraniya is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3763 people living in 689 individual households.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
17335830 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter%20Island%20%28British%20Columbia%29 | Hunter Island (British Columbia) | Hunter Island is an island on the coast of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is located inshore from Queen Charlotte Sound, about north of the town of Port Hardy at the north end of Vancouver Island.
A number of small islands lie to the south of Hunter Island, including Stirling Island and Nalau Island. South of these, across Hakai Passage, is Calvert Island. To the east Fitz Hugh Sound, part of the Inside Passage, separates Hunter Island from the mainland and King Island, which is mostly within the inland reaches of Dean Channel, one of the largest coastal fjords. Queens Sound lies to the west, between Hunter Island and the Goose Group archipelago. Also on the west side of Hunter Island is Cultus Sound, so named because it is the most treacherous of the three approaches to Bella Bella (cultus means "bad" or "worthless" in the Chinook Jargon). To the southwest is Kildidt Sound. To the north Hunter Island is separated from Denny Island by Lama Passage, and from Campbell Island by Hunter Channel. Fitz Hugh Sound and Lama Pass are part of the main Inside Passage route.
Hunter Island is long and ranges in width from to . It is in area. The island reaches in elevation.
Protected areas
Just south of Hunter Island in Hakai Pass is the Hakai Luxvbalis Conservancy Area. At more than of land and sea, it is the largest provincial marine protected area on the British Columbia coast.
Hakai Provincial Recreation Area, 50,707 ha in size, includes the southern part of Hunter Island and the northern part of Calvert Island, as well as numerous smaller islands in the area.
References
External links
Islands of British Columbia
Central Coast of British Columbia |
20468319 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawagada | Sawagada | Sawagada is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal.
References
Populated places in Rautahat District |
17335834 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominion%20Rules | Dominion Rules | Dominion Rules (DR) is a role-playing game system for historical and fantasy role-playing. DR is notable in the history of role-playing games for being one of the first RPGs to be released under an open source (or open gaming) licence, known as the Dominion Rules Licence. Development of the game followed an open source model whereby contributors, known as the Dominion Games Development Team, made improvements or additions to the game and published them on the internet (often through the Dominion Games web site) under the terms of the Dominion Rules Licence, thus explicitly encouraging the creation of new skills, spells, beasts and rules by its modular structure in an attempt to establish an equivalent to the Open Source Software model in RPG gaming.
Game Mechanic
DR is a skills-based role-playing game system based on the twelve-sided die (d12). The game mechanic is the same for almost all actions: players roll d12 trying to roll less than or equal to the applicable skill stat, as modified by any applicable bonuses or penalties. For example, a character seeking to strike an opponent with his weapon begins with his Strike stat, adds to it the Strike bonus applicable to his weapon, and subtracts from that any defensive penalties imposed by his opponent's defensive manoeuvres and armour. A roll of 12 always fails. In many cases, a roll of 12 has particularly negative results.
DR is designed around three major skill types, namely combat skills, priestcraft skills and witchcraft skills. All characters have access to combat skills. Priest-style characters have access to priest-specific skills such as bless, consecrate, curse, defile, heal, smite, wrath, and work miracle. Magic-using characters may either cast pre-made spells or employ free-form magic, both of which are essentially another type of skill use.
Game Setting
The DR rules system is intended to be generic and does not describe the kind of world (or "campaign setting") to which they apply. The system can be used in a variety of RPG settings by excluding or modifying certain rules. For a historical setting, players simply disregard the priestcraft and witchcraft rules.
Distribution
Dominion Rules was one of the first RPGs to be released under an open source style (or open gaming style) licence, known as the Dominion Rules Licence. The current version of DR is distributed under version 2.0 of the Dominion Rules Licence.
The current version of DR is free to download from Dominion Rules - Home. Copies of the previous versions can be found in various places on the internet.
History
DR 1.0 appeared in 1999. It was revised and republished as version 2.0 in 2001. Both versions were distributed by Dominion Games. No retail, print versions of the game were published. DR 2.0 received some favourable reviews.
Dominion Games and their web site disappeared around 2006. The creators of the Dominion Rules released version 3.0 in April 2008 from Dominion Rules - Home to favourable reviews.
References
Role-playing game systems
Open-source tabletop games |
17335847 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney%20Island | Sidney Island | Sidney Island is one of the southern Gulf Islands located between the southwest coast of British Columbia, Canada and Vancouver Island, BC, near James Island. Sidney Island has an elevation of 77 meters (252 feet 8 inches) above mean sea level at its highest point. It is located just east of the town of Sidney which is on the east coast of the Saanich Peninsula. Sidney Island is a part of the Capital Regional District, while its land titles are legally described in the Cowichan Land District. In 1859 Captain Richards named the island for Frederick W. Sidney, who, like Richards served in the survey branch of the Royal Navy.
Gulf Islands National Park Reserve
The northern end of the island (including Sidney Spit, a sandspit) is part of the Gulf Islands National Park Reserve. It was formerly the Sidney Spit Marine Park under provincial jurisdiction.
Sidney Spit is accessible by kayak, canoe or boat. There are 21 mooring buoys, and dock space is available to boaters on the government dock. Sidney Spit is also accessible by the privately operated walk-on passenger ferry that runs between the Sidney Pier (in Sidney) and Sidney Spit during the summer months.
Sidney Spit is known for its sandy beaches and backcountry camping. There are 26 walk-in, backcountry camp sites available at Sidney Spit, and facilities include pit toilets and picnic tables. Due to the high sodium content there is no longer any potable water at Sidney Spit. It is recommended that visitors bring their own water. Campfires are not permitted. Wildlife is abundant on Sidney Spit, as this island is an important resting spot for migrating shorebirds.
Sidney Island Strata
The southern part of the island (about 80%) is organized into a private strata corporation containing 111 strata lots, each of which is generally between one and three acres in size with 200 to 400 feet of oceanfront.
References
External links
Southern Gulf Islands map in the Capital Regional District
Sidney Island on BritishColumbia.com
Sidney Spit ferry
Gulf Islands National Park Reserve
Greater Victoria
Islands of the Gulf Islands
Cowichan Land District |
6900845 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity%20informatics | Biodiversity informatics | Biodiversity informatics is the application of informatics techniques to biodiversity information, such as taxonomy, biogeography or ecology. Modern computer techniques can yield new ways to view and analyze existing information, as well as predict future situations (see niche modelling). Biodiversity informatics is a term that was only coined around 1992 but with rapidly increasing data sets has become useful in numerous studies and applications, such as the construction of taxonomic databases or geographic information systems. Biodiversity informatics contrasts with "bioinformatics", which is often used synonymously with the computerized handling of data in the specialized area of molecular biology.
Overview
Biodiversity informatics (different but linked to bioinformatics) is the application of information technology methods to the problems of organizing, accessing, visualizing and analyzing primary biodiversity data. Primary biodiversity data is composed of names, observations and records of specimens, and genetic and morphological data associated to a specimen. Biodiversity informatics may also have to cope with managing information from unnamed taxa such as that produced by environmental sampling and sequencing of mixed-field samples. The term biodiversity informatics is also used to cover the computational problems specific to the names of biological entities, such as the development of algorithms to cope with variant representations of identifiers such as species names and authorities, and the multiple classification schemes within which these entities may reside according to the preferences of different workers in the field, as well as the syntax and semantics by which the content in taxonomic databases can be made machine queryable and interoperable for biodiversity informatics purposes...
History of the discipline
Biodiversity Informatics can be considered to have commenced with the construction of the first computerized taxonomic databases in the early 1970s, and progressed through subsequent developing of distributed search tools towards the late 1990s including the Species Analyst from Kansas University, the North American Biodiversity Information Network NABIN, CONABIO in Mexico, INBio in Costa Rica, and others, the establishment of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility in 2001, and the parallel development of a variety of niche modelling and other tools to operate on digitized biodiversity data from the mid-1980s onwards (e.g. see ). In September 2000, the U.S. journal Science devoted a special issue to "Bioinformatics for Biodiversity", the journal Biodiversity Informatics commenced publication in 2004, and several international conferences through the 2000s have brought together biodiversity informatics practitioners, including the London e-Biosphere conference in June 2009. A supplement to the journal BMC Bioinformatics (Volume 10 Suppl 14) published in November 2009 also deals with biodiversity informatics.
History of the term
According to correspondence reproduced by Walter Berendsohn, the term "Biodiversity Informatics" was coined by John Whiting in 1992 to cover the activities of an entity known as the Canadian Biodiversity Informatics Consortium, a group involved with fusing basic biodiversity information with environmental economics and geospatial information in the form of GPS and GIS. Subsequently, it appears to have lost any obligate connection with the GPS/GIS world and be associated with the computerized management of any aspects of biodiversity information (e.g. see )
Digital taxonomy (systematics)
Global list of all species
One major goal for biodiversity informatics is the creation of a complete master list of currently recognised species of the world. This goal has been achieved to a large extent by the Catalogue of Life project which lists >2 million species in its 2022 Annual Checklist. A similar effort for fossil taxa, the Paleobiology Database documents some 100,000+ names for fossil species, out of an unknown total number.
Genus and species scientific names as unique identifiers
Application of the Linnaean system of binomial nomenclature for species, and uninomials for genera and higher ranks, has led to many advantages but also problems with homonyms (the same name being used for multiple taxa, either inadvertently or legitimately across multiple kingdoms), synonyms (multiple names for the same taxon), as well as variant representations of the same name due to orthographic differences, minor spelling errors, variation in the manner of citation of author names and dates, and more. In addition, names can change through time on account of changing taxonomic opinions (for example, the correct generic placement of a species, or the elevation of a subspecies to species rank or vice versa), and also the circumscription of a taxon can change according to different authors' taxonomic concepts. One proposed solution to this problem is the usage of Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs) for machine-machine communication purposes, although there are both proponents and opponents of this approach.
A consensus classification of organisms
Organisms can be classified in a multitude of ways (see main page Biological classification), which can create design problems for Biodiversity Informatics systems aimed at incorporating either a single or multiple classification to suit the needs of users, or to guide them towards a single "preferred" system. Whether a single consensus classification system can ever be achieved is probably an open question, however the Catalogue of Life has commissioned activity in this area which has been succeeded by a published system proposed in 2015 by M. Ruggiero and co-workers.
Biodiversity Maps
Biodiversity maps provide a cartographic representation of spatial biodiversity data. This data can be used in conjunction with Species Checklists to help with biodiversity conservation efforts. Biodiversity maps can help reveal patterns of species distribution and range changes. This may reflect biodiversity loss, habitat degradation, or changes in species composition. Combined with urban development data, maps can inform land management by modeling scenarios which might impact biodiversity.
Biodiversity maps can be produced in a variety of ways: traditionally range maps were hand-drawn based on literature reports but increasingly large-scale data, e.g. from citizen science projects (e.g. iNaturalist) and digitized museum collections (e.g. VertNet) are used. GIS tools such as ArcGIS or R packages such as dismo can specifically aid in species distribution modeling (ecological niche modeling) and even predict impacts of ecological change on biodiversity. GBIF, OBIS, and IUCN are large web-based repositories of species spatial-temporal data that source many existing biodiversity maps.
Mobilizing primary biodiversity information
"Primary" biodiversity information can be considered the basic data on the occurrence and diversity of species (or indeed, any recognizable taxa), commonly in association with information regarding their distribution in either space, time, or both. Such information may be in the form of retained specimens and associated information, for example as assembled in the natural history collections of museums and herbaria, or as observational records, for example either from formal faunal or floristic surveys undertaken by professional biologists and students, or as amateur and other planned or unplanned observations including those increasingly coming under the scope of citizen science. Providing online, coherent digital access to this vast collection of disparate primary data is a core Biodiversity Informatics function that is at the heart of regional and global biodiversity data networks, examples of the latter including OBIS and GBIF.
As a secondary source of biodiversity data, relevant scientific literature can be parsed either by humans or (potentially) by specialized information retrieval algorithms to extract the relevant primary biodiversity information that is reported therein, sometimes in aggregated / summary form but frequently as primary observations in narrative or tabular form. Elements of such activity (such as extracting key taxonomic identifiers, keywording / index terms, etc.) have been practiced for many years at a higher level by selected academic databases and search engines. However, for the maximum Biodiversity Informatics value, the actual primary occurrence data should ideally be retrieved and then made available in a standardized form or forms; for example both the Plazi and INOTAXA projects are transforming taxonomic literature into XML formats that can then be read by client applications, the former using TaxonX-XML and the latter using the taXMLit format. The Biodiversity Heritage Library is also making significant progress in its aim to digitize substantial portions of the out-of-copyright taxonomic literature, which is then subjected to optical character recognition (OCR) so as to be amenable to further processing using biodiversity informatics tools.
Standards and protocols
In common with other data-related disciplines, Biodiversity Informatics benefits from the adoption of appropriate standards and protocols in order to support machine-machine transmission and interoperability of information within its particular domain. Examples of relevant standards include the Darwin Core XML schema for specimen- and observation-based biodiversity data developed from 1998 onwards, plus extensions of the same, Taxonomic Concept Transfer Schema, plus standards for Structured Descriptive Data, and Access to Biological Collection Data (ABCD); while data retrieval and transfer protocols include DiGIR (now mostly superseded) and TAPIR (TDWG Access Protocol for Information Retrieval). Many of these standards and protocols are currently maintained, and their development overseen, by Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG).
Current activities
At the 2009 e-Biosphere conference in the U.K., the following themes were adopted, which is indicative of a broad range of current Biodiversity Informatics activities and how they might be categorized:
Application: Conservation / Agriculture / Fisheries / Industry / Forestry
Application: Invasive Alien Species
Application: Systematic and Evolutionary Biology
Application: Taxonomy and Identification Systems
New Tools, Services and Standards for Data Management and Access
New Modeling Tools
New Tools for Data Integration
New Approaches to Biodiversity Infrastructure
New Approaches to Species Identification
New Approaches to Mapping Biodiversity
National and Regional Biodiversity Databases and Networks
A post-conference workshop of key persons with current significant Biodiversity Informatics roles also resulted in a Workshop Resolution that stressed, among other aspects, the need to create durable, global registries for the resources that are basic to biodiversity informatics (e.g., repositories, collections); complete the construction of a solid taxonomic infrastructure; and create ontologies for biodiversity data.
Example projects
Global:
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), and the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) (for marine species)
The Species 2000, ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System), and Catalogue of Life projects
Global Names
EOL, The Encyclopedia of Life project
The Consortium for the Barcode of Life project
The Map of Life project
The Reptile Database project
The AmphibiaWeb project
The uBio Universal Biological Indexer and Organizer, from the Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory
The Index to Organism Names (ION) from Clarivate Analytics, providing access to scientific names of taxa from numerous journals as indexed in the Zoological Record
The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera (IRMNG)
ZooBank, the registry for nomenclatural acts and relevant systematic literature in zoology
The Index Nominum Genericorum, compilation of generic names published for organisms covered by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, maintained at the Smithsonian Institution in the U.S.A.
The International Plant Names Index
MycoBank, documenting new names and combinations for fungi
The List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) - Official register of valid names for bacteria and archaea, as governed by the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria
The Biodiversity Heritage Library project - digitising biodiversity literature
Wikispecies, open source (community-editable) compilation of taxonomic information, companion project to Wikipedia
TaxonConcept.org, a Linked Data project that connects disparate species databases
Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Virtual Collections and Biodiversity Informatics Unit
ANTABIF. The Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility gives free and open access to Antarctic Biodiversity data, in the spirit of the Antarctic Treaty.
Genesys, database of plant genetic resources maintained in national, regional and international gene banks
VertNet, Access to vertebrate primary occurrence data from data sets worldwide.
Regional / national projects:
Fauna Europaea
Atlas of Living Australia
Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure (PESI)
Symbiota
iDigBio, Integrated Digitized Biocollections (USA)
i4Life project
Sistema de Información sobre Biodiversidad de Colombia
India Biodiversity Portal (IBP)
Bhutan Biodiversity Portal (BBP)
Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Western Indian Ocean (WIKWIO)
LifeWatch is proposed by ESFRI as a pan-European research (e-)infrastructure to support Biodiversity research and policy-making.
A listing of over 600 current biodiversity informatics related activities can be found at the TDWG "Biodiversity Information Projects of the World" database.
See also
Web-based taxonomy
List of biodiversity databases
References
Further reading
External links
Biodiversity Informatics (journal)
Information science by discipline
Taxonomy (biology)
Computational fields of study |
23575534 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/701%20series | 701 series | The is an AC electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated on local services by East Japan Railway Company (JR East), Aoimori Railway, and Iwate Galaxy Railway (IGR) in Japan. The design is derived from the 209 series commuter EMU, and was intended to replace locomotive-hauled trains formed of coaches in the north of Japan.
Variants
701-0 series: 2/3-car narrow-gauge sets based at Akita Depot
701-100 series: 2/3-car narrow-gauge sets based at Akita and Sendai Depot
701-1000 series: 2/4-car narrow-gauge sets based at Morioka and Sendai Depot
701-1500 series: 2-car narrow-gauge sets based at Sendai Depot
701-5000 series: 2-car standard-gauge sets based at Akita Depot
701-5500 series: 2-car standard-gauge sets based at Yamagata Depot
Aoimori 701 series: 2-car narrow-gauge sets operated by the Aoimori Railway
IGR 7000 series: 2-car narrow-gauge sets operated by the Iwate Galaxy Railway
701-0 series
89 701-0 series cars were delivered in 1993, formed as three-car sets (N1 to N13) and two-car sets (N14 to N38), all based at Akita Depot. Three two-car sets (N36 to N38) were later modified with some transverse seating, and from 2005, the entire fleet had the original PS104 scissors-type pantographs replaced with PS109 single-arm pantographs. Snowploughs were also added to the front ends at the same time.
These sets are used on the Uetsu Main Line between and , on the Ōu Main Line between and , and on the Tsugaru Line between and . The sets with transverse seating are mainly used on the Ōu Main Line between Shinjō and Akita.
Formations
3-car sets N1-N13
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
2-car sets N14-N38
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
Interior
701-100 series
Thirteen 701-100 series cars were delivered in 1994, formed as one 3-car set and five 2-car sets. All sets were initially based at Akita Depot, but four of the 2-car sets were subsequently transferred to Sendai. The Akita-based sets had the original PS104 scissors-type pantographs replaced with PS109 single-arm pantographs between 2007 and 2008. Snowploughs were also added to the front ends at the same time. The Sendai-based sets had the original PS104 scissors-type pantographs replaced with lower-profile PS105 lozenge-type pantographs in 2002 to allow operation through limited-clearance tunnels on the Senzan Line.
The Sendai-based sets are normally used on the Joban Line between and , and on the Tohoku Main Line between Iwanuma and Sendai. They are also available for use on Senzan Line services if required. The Akita-based sets are used interchangeably alongside the 701-0 series sets.
Formations
3-car set N101
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
2-car sets N102 and F2-103–106
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
701-1000 series
92 701-1000 series cars were delivered between 1994 and 1995 to Morioka and Sendai depots, formed as 2- and 4-car units. As of 2010, 14 cars (seven 2-car sets), 30 cars (fifteen 2-car sets) are based at Morioka, and 36 cars (four 4-car sets and ten 2-car sets) are based at Sendai. Eight of the original 2-car sets were transferred to the Iwate Galaxy Railway Line, becoming IGR 7000-0 series (see below), and one 2-car set was transferred to the Aoimori Railway, becoming Aoimori 700-0 series (see below). On 28 October 1999, one Aomori-based 2-car set (KuMoHa 701-1033 + KuHa 700-1033) was damaged by storm surge at Aomori Station. New bodies were manufactured for this set in 2000, and it was renumbered KuMoHa 701-1508 + KuHa 700-1508 and reallocated to Sendai depot.
A further seven 701-1000 series two-car sets were transferred to the Aoimori Railway during 2010, becoming Aoimori 700-0 series.
The Sendai-based sets are used on the Tohoku Main Line between and , including the branch line to , and on the Senzan Line. The Morioka-based sets are used on the Tohoku Main Line between and , and on the Iwate Galaxy Railway Line between Morioka and . The Aomori-based sets are used on the Tohoku Main Line between and .
Formations
4-car sets
The KuMoHa 701 and MoHa 701 cars are each fitted with one PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
2-car sets
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
701-1500 series
Eighteen two-car sets (numbered F2-501 to F2-518) were delivered to Sendai depot between 1998 and 2001, including set F2-508, which was rebuilt from an earlier damaged 701-1000 series unit. Sets from F2-509 onward were fitted with wheelchair spaces and ATS-Ps from new. They are used interchangeably with Sendai 701-1000 series sets.
Formation
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
701-5000 series
Ten 2-car sets (numbered N5001 to N5010) were delivered to Akita depot between 1996 and 1997, entering service from 22 March 1997 on the sections of the Tazawako Line between and , and on the Ōu Main Line between Ōmagari and . These sets were based on the earlier 701-1000 series, with some transverse seating, PS106 single-arm pantographs, and ATS-P.
Formation
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
Interior
701-5500 series
Nine two-car sets (numbered Z1 to Z9) were delivered to Yamagata depot in 1999, ahead of the opening of the extension of the Yamagata Shinkansen to in November 1999. During 2001, the original PS105 lozenge-type pantographs were replaced with PS106B single-arm pantographs. Snowploughs were added to the front ends at the same time.
The fleet is used on the Ōu Main Line between and .
The fleet of nine trainsets underwent a programme of refurbishment between 2013 and 2016. Improvements included replacement of electrical converters and transformers with similar equipment to that used on the later E721 series trains, as well as new flooring material internally.
Formation
The KuMoHa 701 car is fitted with one PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The KuHa 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
Aoimori 701 series
The Aoimori Railway 701 series fleet consists of one 701-0 series set, which was originally a JR East 701-1000 series set transferred from Morioka in December 2002, and a newly built 701-100 series set delivered in September 2002. The 701-100 series set has some transverse seating.
A further seven two-car (former 701-1000 series) sets were transferred from JR East during 2010 ahead of the transfer of passenger operations from JR East on the section from Hachinohe to Aomori when the Tohoku Shinkansen extension to Shin-Aomori opened in December 2010. These units are modified with the addition of some transverse seating. The Aoimori Railway fleet was repainted into a new lighter blue livery incorporating the railway's "Mori" mascot logo.
Formation
The Aoimori 701 car is fitted with a PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The Aoimori 700 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
IGR 7000 series
The Iwate Galaxy Railway Line 7000 series fleet consists of four 7000-0 series sets, which were originally JR East 701-1000 series sets transferred from Morioka in December 2002, and three newly built 7000-100 series sets delivered in September 2002. The 7000-100 series sets have some transverse seating.
Formations
IGR 7000-0 series
The IGR 7001 car is fitted with a PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The IGR 7000 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
IGR 7000-100 series
The IGR 7001 car is fitted with a PS105 lozenge-type pantograph. The IGR 7000 car is fitted with a toilet and wheelchair space.
Livery variations
References
External links
JR East 701 series
Electric multiple units of Japan
East Japan Railway Company
Train-related introductions in 1993
Kawasaki rolling stock
20 kV AC multiple units |
23575535 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupp%20%28given%20name%29 | Jupp (given name) | Jupp is a German masculine given name, short for Joseph. Notable people with the name include:
Jupp Derwall (1927–2007), German footballer and coach
Jupp Heynckes (born 1945), German football coach
Jupp Kapellmann (born 1949), German footballer
German masculine given names |
23575546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falus | Falus | The falus was a bronze/copper currency of Morocco.
Minted between 1672–1901, denominations of , , 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 falus are recorded in the Standard Catalogue.
Identification
They are typically denominated by size rather than by inscription, and can be difficult to identify precisely.
Depreciation
From 1862, the falus was allowed to float, while the exchange rate for the silver dirham was fixed: this resulted in currency speculation and depreciation, with effectively two parallel currencies.
References
See also
Fils (currency)
Economic history of Morocco
Currencies of Africa
Numismatics
Coins of Morocco
17th-century establishments in Morocco
20th-century disestablishments in Morocco |
23575568 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupp%20%28surname%29 | Jupp (surname) | Jupp is a surname, originating in the English county of Sussex and may refer to:
In music
Eric Jupp (1922–2003), British musician
Mickey Jupp (born 1944), English musician
Richard Jupp (musician) (21st century), British drummer
In sport
Duncan Jupp (born 1975), Scottish footballer
Gabrielle Jupp (born 1997), British gymnast
George Jupp (cricketer, born 1845) (1845–1930), English cricketer
George Jupp (cricketer, born 1875) (1875–1938), English cricketer
Harry Jupp (1841–1889), English cricketer
Vallance Jupp (1891–1960), English cricketer
Other
Alex Jupp (born 1927), Canadian politician
James Jupp (born 1932), British-Australian political scientist
Miles Jupp (born 1979), British actor
Richard Jupp (1728–1799), English architect
Roger Jupp (born 1956), English bishop
Simon Jupp (born 1985), British politician
Surnames
English-language surnames
Surnames of English origin
Surnames of British Isles origin |
6900852 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%20City%20Union%20Depot | Plant City Union Depot | The Plant City Union Depot is a historic train depot in Plant City, Florida, Florida, United States. It was built in 1909 and was crucial in the development of Plant City. The city was named after Henry Plant, who introduced railway lines to improve the transport system in Central and Western Florida. The architectural design is credited to J.F. Leitner.
It is located 102 N. Palmer street near Northeast Drane Street, and was built by the Plant Railroad System and the Florida Navigation and Rail Co., which later became the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad (ACL) and Seaboard Air Line Railroad (SAL). These two lines became more commonly known as the “A Line” and “S Line” after the two railroads merged, which happened when the depot was still operational. The ACL tracks ran east and west. The SAL tracks ran north and south and contained a Railway Express Agency loading dock. The southbound station served ACL trains bound for Tampa and Sarasota and the other station served SAL trains bound for Sarasota, Boca Grande, Naples and Miami.
Plant City Union Depot continued to operate until 1971. It was about to get torn down by the city in 1974, but was saved Plant City Arts Council. On April 14, 1975, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places by the U.S Department of Interior.
Plant City Union Depot was converted into and renamed as the Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum in September 2013 and is open to the public. It is named after Robert W. Willaford in honor of his contributions to this conversion project and his dedication towards trains.
History
When operational, the busy station was accommodating about 44 passenger trains daily. The line was held active by many important figures who travelled along it. The military also took this line to depart for their missions. It was characterized as one of the largest railroad distribution stop and was ranked as the second busiest transportation hub in the state of Florida, Jacksonville being the first. Its strategic location was what determined its important role in the area. It is known that farmers shipped nearly 4 million quarts of strawberries in 1926 through the station itself. The uniqueness of the station was that farmers used it to pay their buyers directly on the station while selling their produce. The introduction of trucks slowed the station's activity to a halt. Once it stopped operating, the railroad was deeded to the city four years later. It was then attributed the title of historic monument and was under the control of the Plant City Art Council.
Passenger service
The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad used the station for its West Coast Champion, bound for Tampa and Sarasota and unnamed trains heading in the same direction.
The Seaboard Air Line used it for its Wildwood to St. Petersburg division. SAL trains serving the station included the Palmland, Silver Meteor and the Sunland.
Restoration
Plant City union depot was restored numerous times with the support of multiple grants allotted, after being listed in the National Register of Historic Places. One major change was to move the two-story tower from the station across the tracks and was completed in April 1987. The idea of adding a restaurant was proposed but not finalized. Some rooms were also restored to serve as art classes for the community. These were made possible from the funds raised by the art council. In 1988, work was performed on the exterior structure of the building with some minor alterations in the interior. In 1997, more grants were given to install bathrooms and air conditioning system. In 2014, the station experienced a major restoration change that stayed till date.
Naming
The name “union” was inherited after the merging of the two competing railroad companies, the Atlantic Coast Line and Seaboard Air Line into the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad in 1967. The station was reopened as museum and was renamed in a ceremony that was organized during the first Railfest in February 2014. It is now known as Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum.
Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum
Robert W. Willaford is a retired locomotive engineer, best known in the community as Plant City’s railroad expert and for his passion towards train. His unique passion led him to keep a train engine and caboose on display in his yard for many years. He was contacted by the City Commissioner Mike Sparkman and told to make some donations in regards to trains. This was the start of the changes and restoration that happened till date. Willaford himself was unaware of what his contributions meant to the community. His contribution to this project was about 28 railroad items, ranging approximately $212 500, that he collected for nearly 43 years. He amassed and salvaged this collection from scrap yards coming from Miami, Georgia, Baltimore, Ohio, Vermont. In return to this contribution and after undertaking several negotiations, Willaford and the city agreed in renaming the new museum as the Robert W. Willaford Railroad Museum in February 2014.
Recent changes
On November 14, 2013, the caboose along with the engine were moved to the actual site. Prior to the arrival of the train, C.J. Bridges Railroad Contractor installed tracks for the caboose. These changes were made under the supervision of the City Commissioner. The two-story building has been equipped with an elevator to give access for visitors with disabilities. A train platform has also been built to display some of the memorabilia that was donated earlier. The 24/7 viewing platform has been built for train enthusiasts to view the few operational trains still passing through Plant City. The brickwork has been renovated and a roof has been built. The platform's model was inspired from Georgia’s Folkston Funnel which is a train station with a similar viewing platform. The station will now have a scanner which record the transmissions between trains like the Folkston Funnel. Plant City's depot is bigger than that of Georgia's as it has a 14- foot tower and a lower deck platform.
Events
Since the opening of the museum, events have been hosted for the public to participate in train-related topics. Each year a two-day Railfest is organized by the museum. The event is free, family friendly and open for rail fans. During the event, train-themed films are projected, free-museum admission is granted, scavenger hunts are organized, tours of the caboose are available and access to miniature train rides are arranged for visitors to enjoy. Each year the activities differ and new activities are organized. There are also fund-raising rallies organized throughout the year. In 2019 the Railfest was on Saturday 13 April. The money collected is used to maintain the collection and to pay the staff working during the week.
References
Hillsborough County listings at National Register of Historic Places
Florida's Office of Cultural and Historical Programs
Hillsborough County listings
Plant City Union Depot
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida
National Register of Historic Places in Hillsborough County, Florida
Union stations in the United States
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad stations
Seaboard Air Line Railroad stations
Transportation buildings and structures in Hillsborough County, Florida
Plant City, Florida |
23575574 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%20Shepstone%20railway%20station | Port Shepstone railway station | Port Shepstone railway station is a railway station located in Port Shepstone, South Africa.
The station serves as both the southern terminus of Cape Gauge (3' 6"/1067mm) line from to Durban, as well as the southern coastal terminus of the narrow gauge Alfred County Railway to Harding, KwaZulu-Natal. Opened for operations in 1917, it also served the port facilities of the local docks.
After the standard gauge Transnet passenger services shut in 1986, the ACR continued operations until 2005, when the famous Banana Express ceased operation.
Today, the station purely acts as turning/shunting point for the thrice-weekly Transnet Freight Rail limestone traffic to Saiccor. As a result, the station still houses a diesel shunter. It also acts as the storage point for the unused carriages of the Blue Train, which have been vandalised through a lack of permanent staffing of the site. In May 2014, the KwaZulu-Natal government allocated R200 million for the refurbishment of the Port Shepstone railway.
References
Railway stations in South Africa
Transport in KwaZulu-Natal
Ugu District Municipality |
6900866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley%20of%20the%20Seven%20Castles | Valley of the Seven Castles | The Valley of the Seven Castles () is an informal name given to the Äischdall, the valley of the Eisch river, in central Luxembourg. The valley stretches from the confluence with the Alzette upstream to Steinfort, on the border with Belgium. The entire route can be traversed in about an hour by car, starting near the town of Arlon on the Belgian/Luxembourg border. There is also a 37-kilometre footpath that takes hikers along the valley and past the castles.
It is named after the group of seven castles that line its route. Those seven castles are (in order, heading upstream):
Mersch
Schoenfels
Hollenfels
Ansembourg Castle
New Castle of Ansembourg
Septfontaines
Koerich Castle
Landforms of Luxembourg
Capellen (canton)
Mersch (canton)
Valleys of Europe |
23575585 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Ward%20Doubleday | Stephen Ward Doubleday | Stephen Ward Doubleday (January 6, 1845 – September 27, 1926) was an American banker.
Biography
Early life and education
Stephen Ward Doubleday was born January 6, 1845 to Mary Augusta Ward and Colonel Thomas D. Doubleday. He was a nephew of General Abner Doubleday and grandson of Jacksonian Congressman and newspaper publisher Ulysses F. Doubleday. Stephen was named after Stephen Ward, patriot of the Revolutionary War, who attended the provincial congress, was a presidential elector, a Westchester county judge, and was elected to congress.
Doubleday enlisted in the Civil War at 17, was mustered in as a second lieutenant and served with the 4th New York Heavy Artillery.
Career
An investment banker, Doubleday was a senior partner of Miller & Doubleday, where he began working in 1888; later he was a partner of Noble, Mestre & Doubleday. He served as Governor of the New York Stock Exchange in 1898–1899.
He traveled and lived abroad from 1900 to 1912 in Monaco and Berlin and was an avid golfer. He won golf tournaments in Berlin, Germany (1911) and Cannes, France (organized by the Czar's brother Grand Duke Michael)(1901). Doubleday was a member of the Apawamis Golf Club, the New York Stock Exchange, and the Union League Club of New York.
Marriage and children
Doubleday married Angelica Barraclough Cushman, daughter of Don Alonzo Cushman, in 1875. The couple had three children and the family lived in Manhattan and Rye, New York. He was widowed by Angelica's death on March 6, 1915. His daughter Angelica Cushman Doubleday Tropp and her husband Simeon became the principal financial backers of Wilhelm Reich during his years in America.
Death and funeral
Stephen Ward Doubleday died following a stroke on September 27, 1926. His funeral was held September 29, 1926 at the Church of the Transfiguration.
References
1845 births
1926 deaths
People from Staten Island
American bankers
Union Army officers
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War |
20468326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20of%20Tina%20Watson | Death of Tina Watson | Tina Watson was a 26-year-old American woman from Helena, Alabama, who died while scuba diving in Queensland, Australia, on 22 October 2003. Tina had been on her honeymoon with her new husband, fellow American Gabe Watson, who was initially charged by Queensland authorities with his wife's murder. Watson pleaded guilty to manslaughter and was sentenced to a term of imprisonment.
Evidence presented at the trial included Watson's differing accounts of what had happened on that day, of the couple's diving experience (or lack thereof), and of Tina's life insurance. While Watson was serving his term in Australia, authorities in Alabama flagged an intention to charge him with murder at a later date. After his release, he was deported to Alabama on the condition that he would not be sentenced to death if found guilty of murder. Watson was then put on trial, but on 23 February 2012, Judge Tommy Nail dismissed the murder case due to lack of evidence.
Background
Christina Mae "Tina" Watson (birth name unknown) was born in West Germany on 13 February 1977, before relocating to the U.S. while still a baby. On 24 January 1980, she was legally adopted by Tommy and Cindy Thomas. They lived in Walker County, Alabama, with her younger sister before moving to Louisiana then Birmingham. David Gabriel "Gabe" Watson met Tina while they were students at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and they began dating in January 2001.
Despite an earlier diagnosis of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), Tina began diving lessons in January 2003, and earned her certification just before her wedding to Watson on 11 October 2003. Watson was purportedly a qualified certified rescue diver, with experience in the lake at Oak Mountain State Park. Watson had completed 55 dives by the time of their marriage, and Tina 5. The couple had planned a scuba trip in the Great Barrier Reef for their honeymoon, and flew to Sydney for a week before heading to Townsville. They chose to dive the popular yet difficult wreck of SS Yongala, a passenger ship that sank in 1911, even though Watson had limited open ocean experience and Tina had never dived in the ocean or below 9 metres. The dive company had also offered an orientation and guided dive with a dive master, which the couple had refused.
Incident
At around 10:30 am on 22 October, during an excursion from the dive boat Spoilsport to the site of Yongala, Tina lost consciousness and sank to the bottom, below the water's surface within two minutes of beginning the dive. Watson claimed the currents were stronger than they expected and that he responded to a signal from Tina to return to the dive rope, where he noted a look of worry on her face before she accidentally knocked his mask and air regulator loose. When Watson recovered his sight, Tina was sinking too quickly for him to retrieve her and he quickly surfaced to get help. He also stated that an ear problem prevented him from diving deeper to help her and that there was nothing in his training as a rescue diver "about how to get somebody" in trouble to the surface.
Other divers nearby at the time, including Dr. Stanley Stutz, saw Watson engaged in an underwater "bear hug" with his "flailing" wife, after which he headed for the surface while Tina fell to the ocean floor. One diver, Gary Stempler, photographed Tina by chance while taking a picture of his own wife that showed Tina in the background. The photo showed her lying face-up on the ocean floor, something that did not come to light until a couple of weeks later when the pictures were developed. Watson climbed aboard the Spoilsport and alerted dive instructor Wade Singleton, who brought Tina to the surface after ten minutes underwater. She was taken aboard the adjacent dive boat Jazz II, where a doctor tried to resuscitate her for 40 minutes while Watson remained on the Spoilsport, but she was unable to be revived.
Investigation
The day following the death, Tina's autopsy was performed by Professor David Williams, consultant forensic pathologist to the Queensland Coroner. Williams found florid evidence of air embolism, but no degenerative disease. He gave the cause of death as drowning. Due to the unexpected nature of Tina's death and the implausible and conflicting statements given by Watson, the death was investigated by the State Coroner's office. A coronial inquiry was held, as is the usual practice in Australia. Watson had already left Australia by this point and declined to return, so did not testify during the inquest but gave evidence through his lawyers to the inquest and to the Queensland Police. During the inquest, prosecutors submitted evidence that Watson's story contradicted the record of his actions stored by his dive computer. They suggested the possibility that he turned off Tina's regulator and held her until she was unconscious, then turned the air back on and let her sink before surfacing himself. As evidence, they described the many painstaking re-enactments of various scenarios conducted by police divers. Tina's father claimed that Watson had asked Tina, shortly before their wedding, to increase her life insurance and make him the sole beneficiary.
Civil action commenced in Alabama
In March 2005, Watson launched legal action in Alabama's Jefferson County Circuit Court to recoup the cost of the couple's trip after the travel insurance company refused a payout. He was seeking $45,000 for the accidental death plus compensation for trip interruption, medical expenses, phone calls, taxi fares, fees for extra credit card statements and unspecified punitive damages for mental and emotional anguish. The action was dismissed in May 2008 at Watson's request on the grounds the Australian investigation into his wife's death caused him "to reasonably apprehend that he risks self-incrimination in this case". His Australian legal team believed "it was not in his best interest" to pursue the damages claim and his U.S.-based lawyer, Bob Austin, added that his client would not be voluntarily "going back to Australia."
Indictment
On 19 June 2008, the Coroner laid the following charge:That on the 22nd day of October 2003 at the site of the historical shipwreck Yongala forty-eight nautical miles south east from the port of Townsville in the state of Queensland, David Gabriel Watson murdered Christina Mae Watson.
It was reported that the Coroner found "it was likely that Watson had killed his 26-year-old wife by turning off her air supply and holding her in an 'underwater bear hug' until she was dead"; the coroner, however, had made no such finding.
Trial and sentence in Australia
After resisting extradition for six months, Watson travelled voluntarily from the U.S. to Australia in May 2009 to face trial. At the trial on 5 June 2009, he pleaded not guilty to murder and guilty to, and was convicted of, manslaughter. Crown prosecutor Brendan Campbell pointed out that over time Watson had given police sixteen different versions of what had happened to Tina and that none of those versions matched what the only eyewitness had seen. When Tina was brought to the surface, her regulator was still in her mouth, her tank still had air, and tests indicated no faults with her equipment. Campbell described Watson as an experienced diver trained in rescuing panicked divers, who had allowed his wife to sink to the ocean floor without making any serious attempt to retrieve her. Watson did not inflate Tina's buoyancy control device (BCD) or remove her weight belt, and had failed to fulfill his obligations as her "dive buddy" by not sharing his alternative air source. Watson was sentenced to four and a half years in prison, to be suspended after serving only twelve months.
Reaction to the sentence
Tina's family stated that Watson's twelve-month term was an embarrassment to Australia. The day following the trial, Alabama Attorney General Troy King lodged an appeal with the Queensland Supreme Court and also wrote to Queensland Attorney-General Cameron Dick. Fairfax Media reported that the letter was leaked to them and published part of it in their newspapers.
The Queensland Director of Public Prosecutions, Tony Moynihan SC, issued a statement, which said:
"The decision to accept Mr Watson's plea of guilty to manslaughter was made after a careful and thorough examination of the admissible evidence, and was not taken lightly. Given the complex circumstantial nature of the case, Mr Watson's admission that he breached his duty to render assistance to his wife ultimately meant there was no reasonable prospect of proving, beyond a reasonable doubt, that he was guilty of murder." On 18 June 2009, Dick announced the state would appeal against the inadequacy of Watson's sentence.
Appeal
The appeal was heard by the Queensland Court of Appeals on 17 July 2009. The Crown asked the court to increase Watson's prison term to two and a half years. The defence argued that Watson had had a momentary lapse in judgment, had been accused of a crime he did not commit, and had voluntarily returned to Australia to co-operate with the court, and that the penalty imposed by the trial judge was fair and just. The findings on appeal were handed down on 18 September 2009. Two members allowed the prosecution's appeal, increasing Watson's period of incarceration by six months to a total of eighteen. One justice, by minority opinion, was in favour of dismissing the appeal.
Further incidents
Tina was buried in her native Pelham, Alabama. Her remains were exhumed in 2007 and moved to a different lot bought by Watson. After being informed by her family that flowers and gifts were repeatedly being vandalized or disappearing from the grave site, even when chained down, police surveillance videos showed Watson removing them with bolt cutters and throwing them in trash cans. Watson later said he removed them because they were "big, gaudy, plastic arrangements". Her grave was unmarked until 2009, when Watson provided a foot marker, prompting her father to request her body be returned for reburial. In 2011, the Probate Court removed Watson as administrator of Tina's estate and appointed her father, who also requested that her school and college pictures and yearbooks be returned. Watson appealed against the ruling and refused to provide the court with an inventory of Tina's possessions. Pending Watson's trial, the Alabama Circuit Court ordered him to stay away from the grave.
Trial in United States
Alabama investigation
In May 2010, King announced he had information not yet made public and wanted to try Watson for capital murder and kidnapping, asserting jurisdiction based on the theory that the alleged crime was planned in Alabama. King petitioned Australia for the evidence held by police, but was refused access until he gave an undertaking that the death penalty would not be imposed, as required under Australian law. This condition has been strongly criticised by King and Don Valeska, chief of the Attorney General's violent crime division, who stated: "If an Australian woman was killed here, we would immediately send the evidence there. We would not presume to tell the Australian authorities how to run their criminal justice system". In response to the announcement, Watson's parents came to the defence of their son, breaking their public silence on the case. Friends and family of Watson questioned whether he had any motive for the murder, noting that his affection for Tina had seemed genuine, there was no life insurance policy naming him as beneficiary, and he appeared to be emotionally devastated for an extended time following her death.
In June 2010, King assured the Queensland Attorney-General he would not seek the death penalty if Watson was tried in the U.S. for his wife's death. In August 2010 it was announced Watson would be released in November and was likely to be deported to the US, where he faced being charged with murder. Valeska stated he would pursue an additional charge of kidnapping by deception. The case was placed before a grand jury in Birmingham, Alabama in October 2010.
Watson was released from prison on 10 November 2010. He was transferred to an immigration detention centre while his deportation was delayed. During this time, Australian authorities sought further written assurances from the US Attorney General that he would not face the death penalty in Alabama if convicted of murder. Under international human rights law, Australia could not deport Watson if he faced execution in his home country. On 25 November 2010 he was deported to the United States and immediately arrested.
Arrest
Alabama prosecutors charged Watson with murder and kidnapping at the conclusion of his prison sentence in Australia after finding what they claimed was evidence he had plotted to kill his wife while still in the United States. A Birmingham grand jury indicted Watson on murder and kidnapping charges in October 2010. In July 2011, the Circuit Court set the trial date for 13 February 2012; Watson was released on a $100,000 bond.
New evidence
Colin McKenzie, a key diving expert in the original investigation who had maintained that "a diver with Watson's training should have been able to bring Tina up", subsequently retracted much of his testimony after being provided with Tina and Watson's diver logs, certificates and medical histories, to which he had not previously had access. McKenzie claimed Watson should not have been allowed in the water and never as a dive buddy for his wife, who had no open water scuba experience. Tina had heart surgery to correct an irregular heartbeat two years earlier but on her dive application had stated that she had never had heart problems or surgery. Professor Michael "Mike" Bennett, a leading expert in dive medicine, stated that Tina was unfit to dive without clearance from a cardiologist. Watson had received his rescue certification, normally a four-day course, after completing a two-day course in an Alabama quarry. He had no rescue experience and little open water experience.
According to McKenzie, "He had no hope of being competent, he could barely save himself [that day] let alone his wife; I don't believe he intended to kill her." Revelations that Watson needed help to don his diving equipment that day underscored that he was a "dangerous amateur" who showed "a complete lack of courage" when he abandoned his wife. The dive company had offered an orientation and guided dive with a dive master, which both Tina and Watson had refused. Company head Mike Ball said his people took Watson at his word, believing he was an experienced and certified rescue diver. The company later pleaded guilty to contravening safety standards (their code of conduct said both Watson and Tina must be supervised by at least a divemaster on the dive in question) and was fined $6,500, plus costs of $1,500.
Dismissal of the case
Alabama judge Tommy Nail ruled that evidence of Watson's behaviour following Tina's death was inadmissible. Nail also blocked Tina's father from giving evidence regarding Watson's alleged attempts to increase Tina's life insurance. On 23 February 2012, Nail acquitted Watson for lack of evidence without the defence needing to present its case. Nail said that the state's evidence was "sorely lacking" and that the prosecution could not prove that Watson had any financial motive. Prosecutor Don Valeska said that this was the first time he had a trial end in a judge's acquittal in the 41 years he had been trying cases. Regarding the judge's decision, Thomas said, "It should have gone to the jury for them to decide."
In media
A feature on the death of Tina Watson was broadcast in a 90-minute account that aired on Dateline NBC on 19 May 2008. An examination of Tina's death and Watson's subsequent trial and appeal was published by The Age on 17 July 2010. The author was Walkley Award winning investigative journalist, Peter Patrick. A feature on the death of Tina and her husband's Alabama acquittal was broadcast on an episode of the Australian 60 Minutes on 25 March 2012. Lifetime produced a made-for-TV movie, Fatal Honeymoon, based on the death of Tina Watson, starring Harvey Keitel, Billy Miller and . It premiered on 25 August 2012. Tina Watson's death was explored on Casefile True Crime Podcast (Case 51) which was published on 22 April 2017.
References
Further reading
Tina Watson Death - Michael McFadyen's Scuba Diving Web Site
External links
Inquest into the death of Christina Mae Watson known as Tina Watson
Mystery in the deep blue sea - NBC Dateline transcript
Tina Watson: the bride who drowned at the Barrier Reef - The Sunday Times
'Princess bride' feared being left on shelf - The Sydney Morning Herald
Death Down Under - The Sydney Morning Herald
Unfathomable - Australian Story
Obituary at Legacy.com
Tina's Story - a collection of news articles up to 2009
Casefile True Crime Podcast - Case 51: Tina Watson - 22 April 2017
2003 crimes in Australia
1977 births
2003 deaths
American manslaughter victims
Australia–United States relations
Crime in Queensland
Deaths by drowning
Deaths by person in Australia
Manslaughter in Australia
October 2003 events in Australia
People from Helena, Alabama
Underwater diving deaths |
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