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5388090
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lafayette%20High%20School%20%28Virginia%29
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Lafayette High School (Virginia)
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Lafayette High School is a public secondary school in James City County, Virginia, just outside the city limits of Williamsburg, Virginia. It is part of Williamsburg-James City County Public Schools and is located at 4460 Longhill Road.
Most of the Williamsburg city limits is in the Lafayette High attendance zone.
History
Lafayette High School opened in 1973 and served as the sole high school for James City County and Williamsburg City. The school itself is located in James City County though it has a Williamsburg mailing address.
In 1997, half of its student body with the exception of rising seniors were moved to Jamestown High School which opened to alleviate overcrowding at Lafayette. The Williamsburg area began to develop rapidly in the late 1990s and 2000s, which prompted the opening of Warhill High School in 2007. Students were forced to redistrict.
Campus
The main office is located right at the main entrance of the school. The wide hallway opens up into the "upper commons". The cafeteria is located in this area. There are three lines for purchasing food. The auditorium is located to the left. Three large hallways branch out from the "upper commons." A smaller hallway leads to the girls locker room and the weight room used for athletic training. The first hallway across from the main office leads to the marketing classes, the gymnasium, the boys locker room, and the trailers, which will no longer be in use after the 2007–08 school year. There are two hallways which parallel the sides the auditorium. The first is known as the ramp. Another hallway at the top of the ramp leads to the fine arts classrooms. The other hallway leads to "the stairs. Another hallway branches off here as well. It leads to the mathematics and art classrooms. At the end of "the ramp" and "the stairs" is the "lower commons." The lower commons is a smaller gathering area that is busy when classes are changing. The Media Center is located at the back of the "lower commons." A loop goes around the media center. On one side is the semicircular world language and science hallway. On the outside of the semicircle is a pair of well equipped computer labs. On the other side is the social studies and technology hallway. At the back of the loop surrounding the Media Center is the entrance/exit to the bus loop. Two hallways branch off from the "lower commons." One leads to the small lecture hall and the fine arts hallway. The other leads to math hallway and the social studies hallway.
Enrollment
† New high schools opened in each of these years, leading to students being reassigned.
Teacher statistics
Full-time: 67 (2012-2013)
Student/Teacher Ratio: 16.4:1
Demographics
As of the 2012–2013 school year, Lafayette High School's student body was 61% (667) White; 25% (276) Black; 7% (79) Hispanic; 3% (29) Asian; and 4% (47) other. The school was 53% male and 47% female.
Culture
Lafayette High School has several activities throughout the year. The first big occasion is the typical Spirit Week and Homecoming Dance. Lafayette is known in the school district for having a parade in Colonial Williamsburg that features each class making a float to accompany their class princes/princesses/kings/queens. A number of clubs also participate as well. One year, the Operation Smile club hosted a Sadie Hawkens Dance as a fundraiser. The sophomore class at one point held their Ring Dance at the school. Prom and After Prom have also been held at the school in past years. The school also has pep rallies for every sports season (Fall, Winter, and Spring).
Athletics
The mascot is a ram and the sports teams currently play in the AAAA Bay Rivers District. Lafayette High School has major track, cross country, and football programs that has produced several professional athletes. Lafayette enjoyed short a stint in the AA Bay Rivers District and will move to the AAAA Bay Rivers District in Fall 2015. Before Jamestown's opening, the Rams were in the AAA Peninsula District. The Rams have won seventeen AA state titles. They have five girls swimming titles from 2004–2008; one in field hockey in 2003; three titles in boys swimming in 1999, 2000, and 2009; two in boys indoor track in 2005 and 2015; one in boys outdoor track in 2005; one in AA Division 4 football in 2001; two consecutive individual girls tennis singles titles from 2007-2008; one in boys cross country in 2013; one in girls outdoor track in 2015; and in baseball in 2015 and 2019.
Band
The Lafayette Band program has won grand championships at several band festivals since the school opened in the early '70s under the direction of D. Keith Miller. During the period of the early '80s "Corp" style marching programs was introduced by Director Miller and carried on by Directors John Ford and Director David Smith. The fledgling marching program was making great strides with the new competitive program and with the introduction of a solid marching program that further inspired the students to raise Lafayette's band program to a higher level. The latter '80s brought a change when acclaimed Director Alan Wright took over changing the program back to concert format band. The band consistently received Superior Ratings and was viewed as one of the top concert and jazz band programs in the state. When Director Wright retired in the early 2000s, the new Director T. Jonathan Hargis reestablished the marching program. Mr. Chris Smith directed the band for a short time as Hargis had stints at Warhill HS and Berkeley Middle Schools. Hargis returned in Fall 2014. In the fall of 2019 the Marching Band received their second Superior rating.
Clubs
Lafayette has a number of clubs that have been around for years. They include:
Art Club,
Art Honor Society,
ASL (American Sign Language) Club,
Band,
Chamber Choir,
Dance Team,
Debate Team,
DECA,
FBLA,
Flag Squad,
Forensics Team,
French Club,
French Honor Society,
German Club,
German Honor Society,
Gay-Straight Alliance,
Harmonics,
Interact Club,
Jazz Ensemble,
Key Club,
Latin Club,
Latin Honor Society,
The Lafayette Ledger,
LESA,
Literary Magazine,
Logos,
Mock Trial Team,
Model UN,
Mu Alpha Theta (Math Honor Society),
National Honor Society,
Operation Smile,
Orchestra,
Peer Partners,
Project Reach-out,
Quill and Scroll,
Rams and Lambs,
SCA,
SGA,
Scholastic Bowl,
Show Choir,
Spanish Honor Society,
Student to Student,
Student Athletic Trainers,
TCE Skills USA,
Thespian Society,
Video Gaming Club, and
Yearbook
Theatre
Lafayette High School has a long tradition of an outstanding theatre program. The current director is 2004 WJCC MS Teacher of the Year Suzan McCorry who has directed productions like Grease, Anything Goes, Happy Days, Thoroughly Modern Millie, Hairspray, Dirty Rotten Scoundrels, Lend Me a Tenor, A Piece of My Heart, and Noises Off. Lafayette's one-acts have a very successful history, having gone to states each year under McCorry's direction. The most recent production is Guys and Dolls in April 2022.
Past Directors Include: Jack Poland, Bill Snyder, Gail Albert, Rosemarie Allmann, and Phil Raybourn.
Notable alumni
Mark Carnevale, professional golfer, winner of 1992 Chattanooga Classic and 1992 PGA Tour Rookie of the Year.
Michael Derks, Balsac, the Jaws of Death, guitarist for the heavy metal band GWAR
Mel Gray, former kick returner for the NFL's New Orleans Saints, Detroit Lions, Houston Oilers and the Philadelphia Eagles.
Although Bruce Hornsby, three time Grammy Award winning pianist and singer, has been listed as an alumnus of Lafayette High School, he actually was in the last graduating class of James Blair High School, Williamsburg, Virginia, in June 1973.
Seneca Lassiter,1997, 2002 U.S. Outdoor 1,500m champ; 2001 U.S. Indoor mile champ; 1997, 98 NCAA 1500 champ; 1999 & 2001 USA 1,500m runner-up.
Chris Luzar, former NFL player.
Terrance Martin, former NFL player.
Mark Morton, guitar player for the heavy metal band Lamb of God
Maj. Anthony Mulhare, current Advance Pilot/Narrator for the United States Air Force Thunderbirds. Currently flies the number 8 jet on the team. AA Region I
Jessica Roulston, professional actor and producer for film and television. Emmy Award winner for Eric Clapton's Crossroads Guitar Festival in 2007, Visual FX producer for Academy Award-winning film, The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, and Visual FX producer for the teaser / trailer for Tron: Legacy are some highlights of her career.
Dr. Alan Theodore Sherman (’74) is Professor of Computer Science at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). As director of the UMBC Chess Program, Sherman led the UMBC Chess Team to win a record six national collegiate championships and ten Pan-American championships. He earned a PhD in computer science from MIT.
Canaan Smith, American country singer and a reality television contestant on The Amazing Race
Ron Springs, former running back for the NFL's Dallas Cowboys and Tampa Bay Buccaneers.
Lawrence Taylor, retired Hall of Fame American football player who played his entire career as a linebacker for the NFL's New York Giants. Regarded by many as the greatest defensive player of all time. Also holds the Giants career sack record with 142. Taylor also Defeated BAM BAM Bigelow At WWF's WrestleMania XI in 1995
Identical Twins Ross and James Hall, Class of 2003. Professional Wrestling Tag-Team, Hall Bros. 2003-2007, HallStars 2007-2018 Retired by WWE Hall of Fame Tag-Team Rock N Roll Express in Hampton, Va. March 3, 2018. Both were part of The 2001 AA Division 4 football State Championship Team and The 2002 AA Division 4 football State Runner-up. Ross(LB),James(Off. Guard)
References
Public high schools in Virginia
Schools in James City County, Virginia
Education in Williamsburg, Virginia
Educational institutions established in 1973
1973 establishments in Virginia
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5388094
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricola%20of%20Avignon
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Agricola of Avignon
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Saint Agricola (Agricol, Agricolus) of Avignon (c. 630–c. 700) was a bishop of Avignon. According to tradition, Agricola ("farmer") was the son of Saint Magnus, also a bishop of the city.
Life
At the age of sixteen, he was professed a monk at the Abbey of Lérins. However, at the age of thirty, he was summoned by his father Magnus to Avignon, where he was appointed coadjutor. When his father died in 660, he succeeded as bishop. He built a church in the city that was staffed by the monks of Lérins. He built a convent for Benedictine nuns. He was a well-known preacher, and famous for his charity and defense of the poor and sick against civil authorities.
He died of natural causes and was succeeded by Saint Veredemus.
Veneration
A charter of 919 mentions that Saint Agricola had been buried in the Avignon church dedicated to Saint Peter (Saint-Pierre). At the end of the 11th century, Bishop Arbert of Avignon made a donation that referred to the abbey of Saint-Agricol; the church of Saint-Agricol (Saint Agricola) that seems to have been built in the 12th century was made collegial in 1321 by Pope John XXII, one of the Avignon-based popes, who equipped it with a statute and income. It is possible that on this occasion that the transfer of the relics of St. Agricola from the church of Saint-Pierre to Saint-Agricol occurred. They are still preserved in this church.
The cult of Saint Agricola increased in the 14th and 15th centuries. 15th-century documents record that he prevented an invasion of storks by his blessing. He is thus patron of storks and is depicted with them as his emblem. In 1647, he was declared patron saint of the city of Avignon by Archbishop César Argelli. Devotees prayed to the saint whose name signifies "cultivator of fields" for good weather, fine harvests, and rain during times of drought. He is also invoked against the bubonic plague and misfortune of all kinds. His feast day is September 2.
References
Sources
Elizabeth Hallam (ed.), Saints: Who They Are and How They Help You (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994), 100.
External links
Patron Saints Index
Saint Patrick's Patron Saints Index
Saint Agricol d'Avignon, évêque
630 births
700 deaths
7th-century Burgundian bishops
Bishops of Avignon
7th-century Frankish saints
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3994383
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCGS%20W.%20E.%20Ricker
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CCGS W. E. Ricker
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CCGS W.E. Ricker was a Canadian Coast Guard offshore fisheries research vessel. The ship was originally constructed as the commercial fishing trawler Callistratus, but was purchased by the Government of Canada in 1984 and converted to a fisheries research vessel and renamed W.E. Ricker. The vessel entered service with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans in 1986 and was transferred to the Canadian Coast Guard in 1995 after the two fleets were amalgamated. The ship was assigned to the West Coast of Canada and was decommissioned on 14 March 2017.
Design and description
W.E. Ricker was of a commercial stern fishing trawler design and was long overall with a beam of and a draught of . The ship was propelled by one controllable pitch propeller driven by one Akasaka AH40 six-cylinder geared diesel engine, creating . W.E. Ricker also had one Perkins 2430 emergency generator. This gave the vessel a maximum speed of . The research vessel had a fuel capacity of of diesel fuel, a range of at and could stay at sea for up to 50 days. The ship had a complement of 20, composed of 9 officers and 11 crew with 17 spare berths.
Service history
The ship was ordered from Narasaki Senpakukogyo Limited at their yard in Muroran, Japan with the yard number 922. The vessel was completed in December 1978 as Callistratus. The vessel was used as a factory trawler by the Prince Rupert Fishermen's Co-operative Association participating in emerging North Pacific fisheries (North Pacific hake, turbot and rockfish) resulting from the extension of Canada's exclusive economic zone to offshore. The vessel was purchased in 1984 by the Government of Canada for conversion to a fisheries research vessel in Pacific waters. The ship entered service with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans in 1986, renamed W.E. Ricker, for William Edwin (Bill) Ricker, a former chief scientist of the Fisheries Research Board who developed a mathematical model used for fish population dynamics.
In 1995, in an effort to combine tasks, administration and making savings in both ships and funds, the Fisheries and Oceans and Canadian Coast Guard fleets were merged under the command of the Canadian Coast Guard. W.E. Ricker was given the new prefix CCGS as a result. The vessel continued to be used for fisheries research in Pacific waters. In September 2009 the Department of Fisheries and Oceans announced invitations for contracts to replace several of the Coast Guard's research vessels, including W.E. Ricker. The ship was taken out of service on 14 March 2017 due to lack of seaworthiness. W.E. Ricker was put up for sale for scrap only due to the vessel's poor condition.
On 4 August 2020, a contract was awarded to Canadian Maritime Engineering Ltd. to dispose of W.E. Ricker. The dismantling is being completed at the Canadian Maritime Engineering Ltd Nanaimo B.C. Division. The contract has a completion date of the end of February 2022.
References
Notes
Citations
Sources
External links
Photos of FV Callistratus in Prince Rupert, 1979 from UNBC Northern BC Archives
Ships of the Canadian Coast Guard
Research vessels of Canada
Research vessels of Japan
Ships built in Japan
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5388119
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acclaim%20Games
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Acclaim Games
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Acclaim Games Incorporated was an American video game company that offered free massively multiplayer online role-playing games on its website upon registration. The company was founded in 2006 and was the successor to Acclaim Entertainment in terms of brand name. After Acclaim Entertainment filed for bankruptcy, former Activision CEO Howard Marks purchased the "Acclaim" name in September 2004 for a reported $100,000. He, along with Neil Malhotra, set up a new company, Acclaim Games, that was to take a different approach to the market than Acclaim Entertainment.
While Acclaim Games primarily focused on bringing to North America and Europe online games originally from Asia, it also gave the opportunity to its registered members to submit video games they created. Acclaim Games relied on In-game advertising and items sales for revenues, while releasing the games themselves, free.
The company released fourteen games: The Chronicles of Spellborn, Kogamu, BOTS!! (which was its launching title), 9Dragons, 2Moons, Ponystars, Dance Online, My Diva Doll, Tribal Nations and Prize Potato. As of December 2007, the company had 15 million registered accounts and 500,000 active players across all games.
On May 18, 2010, Playdom acquired the company. Three months later, on August 26, Playdom closed Acclaim Games.
Games
Bots!! - A multi-player online fighting game in which players choose from one of three basic BOTS (Patch, Surge, and Ram) and then upgrade their character throughout the game. There are multi-player story modes that include Sector (Player vs Virus), PVP (Player/Team vs Player/Team) and Base (Base vs Base). This game has been out since April 2006. Before the game's original release, a 2D promo of the game was available for a short amount of time.
Kogamu - Kogamu is effectively a lightweight MMORPG, modeled after the Korean "Dungeon and Fighter" title. This was the second title Project Top Secret winner Mike (Doran) Zummo spearheaded. All the action of the game takes place on side-scrolling screens occupied by randomly moving enemies that need to be beaten, shot, burned or otherwise killed off.
RockFree - A Guitar Hero-like, free-to-play, flash based game. This game was the first title Project Top Secret winner Mike (Doran) Zummo worked on. Originally starting on the Web, RockFree allowed up to 8 players to face off playing the guitar tracks to popular songs. Leveraging licences from Aerosmith, Heart, and many others, the game attracted great attention. In a partnership with Slide, the game was ported to Facebook, where it peaked at 1.5 monthly average users before being discontinued.
9Dragons - A 3D MMORPG set in China during the Ming Dynasty. It includes actual Chinese geography and historical features such as the Great Wall of China and the Shaolin Temple. 9Dragons was developed by Korean company Indy21 and the lore and in-game storyline was remastered and re-directed in the United States by best-selling author Steven-Elliot Altman.
2Moons - A translation of the Korean MMORPG Dekaron by Gamehi, featuring a new story line. Published by Acclaim under the direction of David Perry, 2Moons uses an in-game advertising business model. In December 2007 the game had 500,000 active players, with fewer than 10% buying items through this advertising.
Ponystars - an online virtual pets game, launched in June 2008. It is a US-hosted version of the French game Pony Valley and is operated in partnership with that game's creator, Feerik.
My Diva Doll - A multi-player online fashion and decorating game. Partnership with French company Feerik.
Tribal Nations - A multi-player online sim set in the Native Tribes of Mesoamerica. Partnership with French company Celsius Online. The game was based on Celsius Online's then-popular webgame Renaissance Kingdoms. After Acclaim ended the partnership, Celsius continued the game, renaming it Native Kingdoms.
Prize Potato - This flash game was Acclaim's first foray into social games on Facebook. The final incarnation had people create characters that people in their social network voted on. The owner of the character with the most votes won major prizes like concert tickets, trips, video cameras, and more selected at the outset of the race.
The Chronicles of Spellborn - MMORPG developed by Spellborn International, released on November 27, 2008 in the Europe. Release for the US and the UK is planned for Q1 of 2009.
Knight's Blood- A multi-player online Knight fighting game. In partnership with RedMoonStudios GmbH & Co. KG.
Muniz Online
Prize Island
Top Secret - A Scalable Multi-player Online Racing Game directed by David Perry and developed by Acclaim Games. It is an online collaboration in video game development, drawing on both established professionals and novices. The project also features a competition, where the top contributor will take the role as director for a new game.
Dance! Online
References
External links
Official website
2006 establishments in California
2010 disestablishments in California
American companies disestablished in 2010
American companies established in 2006
Companies based in Beverly Hills, California
Defunct companies based in Greater Los Angeles
Defunct video game companies of the United States
Video game companies based in California
Video game companies disestablished in 2010
Video game companies established in 2006
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3994392
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Early%20Years%20%28Donovan%20album%29
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The Early Years (Donovan album)
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The Early Years is a compilation album from Scottish singer-songwriter Donovan. It was released in the United Kingdom in March 1993 (Dojo EarlD 13) and the United States in October 1994.
History
In 1993, Dojo Records released another compilation of Donovan's 1965 Pye Records recordings entitled The Early Years. The compilation was released in the United States by Castle the following year.
Track listing
All tracks by Donovan Leitch, except where noted.
"Catch the Wind" – 2:56
"Why Do You Treat Me Like You Do" – 2:57
"Cuttin' Out" – 2:19
"Gold Watch Blues" (Mick Softley) – 2:32
"Colours" – 2:45
"Do You Hear Me Now" (Bert Jansch) – 1:48
"Turquoise" – 3:30
"Hey Gyp (Dig the Slowness)" – 3:11
"Circus of Sour" (traditional; arranged by Donovan) – 1:51
"Sunny Goodge Street" – 2:56
"Josie" – 3:25
"The Little Tin Soldier" (Shawn Phillips) – 2:58
"Remember the Alamo" (Jane Bowers) – 3:04
"Ballad of a Crystal Man" – 3:50
References
External links
The Early Years – Donovan Unofficial Site
1993 compilation albums
Donovan compilation albums
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5388126
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fin%20%28comics%29
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Fin (comics)
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The Fin is the name of two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Golden Age Fin has elements of both the swashbuckling pirate and superhero genres.
Publication history
Stories about the first Fin initially appeared in Daring Mystery Comics #7-8, (April 1941, Jan.1942) and, in issue #9 (April 1942) as well after the title's name change to Comedy Comics; The Fin was created by Bill Everett. Decades later, a simulacrum of the Fin briefly appeared, along with simulacra of the Blazing Skull, the Patriot, and the Golden Age Angel and Vision, to aid the superhero team the Avengers in The Avengers #97 (March 1972). In 2004, the Fin was revived by Marvel Comics and appeared as an ally of the Invaders in that team's series The New Invaders #2-3 (Nov.-Dec. 2004), #6 (March 2005), and #8-9 (May–June 2005). He was in the (unfinished) miniseries All-Winners Squad: Band of Heroes as a member of the Crazy Sues, a unit of Allied men with special abilities during World War II. The Fin received an entry in The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Golden Age (2004).
Fictional character biography
The Fin (Peter Noble)
Peter Noble was an officer of the United States Navy who was caught in a sinking submarine and was shocked to find that the immense pressure and lack of air did not kill him. He discovered an undersea civilization called Neptunia, and after several adventures on and under the sea he was made the Neptunians' ruler.
At some unknown point he met, fell in love with and married Nia Noble, who became his Queen and co-ruler. Half a century later, he was called back to America and recalled to active duty as an admiral in command of a new vessel, the Infiltrator. This ship was no ordinary battleship; it had been designed by Bruce Dickson, the Thin Man, using technology from an incredibly advanced civilization. Infiltrator was capable of taking shortcuts through space, in theory making it undetectable and uncatchable. Noble and his wife came aboard and ran the ship's day-to-day operations, with the vessel acting as a base for the New Invaders team of superhuman operatives in their battle against the evil Neo-Nazi group called Axis Mundi. In the end, the vessel was destroyed and the Invaders members went their separate ways. Admiral Noble (ret.) once again returned to Neptunia with his bride to take up his duties as ruler.
Wild Pack version
The second Fin is a character originally from the 1990s series Silver Sable and the Wild Pack. Although he initially disputed the name Fin when pressed to reveal his real identity by fellow Intruder Sandman, he begrudgingly accepted the moniker others had given him.
He is later seen as a member of the Garrison, the Vermont Fifty State Initiative superhero team, joined by fellow Intruders and Wild Pack alumni Man-Eater. They were assigned to apprehend Thunderbolts member Penance only to be defeated by him.
Powers and abilities
The first Fin has twenty times normal human strength and is able to survive the crushing pressures of the ocean's depths. He can breathe air or water, and can swim as fast as a torpedo. However, if not immersed in water, his strength gradually weakens. The Fin is armed with a magical cutlass, able to cut through nearly anything. The cutlass's magic also prevents him from aging.
The second Fin has uncharted superhuman strength as well as the ability to send out a signal toward any object one hundred times a second, possibly a form of sonar, used for echolocation. He is also a physics expert, whether or not this is merely a personal interest of Fin's or he possesses formal training, is as yet unrevealed. Fin has kept his scientific expertise somewhat quiet in an attempt to prevent being exploited for his knowledge.
Other versions
In the Ultimate Marvel reality, Fin is an amphibious villain and a member of the Serpent Skulls. When he and Arnie tried to rob Ganke in Hell's Kitchen, they were defeated by Cloak and Dagger.
References
External links
Fin (Peter Noble) at Marvel Wiki
Fin (Wild Pack) at Marvel Wiki
The Fin profile
Characters created by Bill Everett
Comics characters introduced in 1941
Fictional lieutenants
Fictional swordfighters in comics
Fictional United States Navy officers
Golden Age superheroes
Marvel Comics characters who can move at superhuman speeds
Marvel Comics characters with superhuman strength
Marvel Comics male superheroes
Marvel Comics superheroes
Timely Comics characters
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5388129
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossie
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Ossie
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Ossie is a nickname usually used in place of a given name such as Osama, Osman, Oswald, Oscar, Ossian, Osmond, Osbourne and Osvaldo. In Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, it is used as a diminutive for Joseph and Yousif.
It may refer to:
People
Given name
Ossie Abeygunasekera (1950–1994), assassinated Sri Lankan politician
Osvaldo Ardiles (born 1952), Argentinian football manager, pundit and former player
Ossie Asmundson (1908–1964), Canadian National Hockey League player
Ossie Bertram (1909–1983), Australian rules footballer
Ossie Blanco, 1970s baseball player
Ossie Bluege (1900–1985), American Major League Baseball player
Ossie Byrne (1926–1983), Australian record producer best known for his work with the early Bee Gees
Ossie Clark (1942–1996), British fashion designer
Ossie Davis (1917–2005), African-American actor and activist
Ossie Dawson (1919–2008), South African cricketer
Ossie Fraser (1923–1982), Canadian politician
Ossie Green (1906–1991), Australian rules footballer
Ossie Lovelock (1911–1981), Australian sportsman
Ossie Male (1893–1975), Welsh rugby union player
Ossie Moore (born 1958), Australian golfer
Oswald Morris (1915–2014), British cinematographer
Ossie Nicholson (1906–1965), Australian cyclist
Ossie Nortjé (born 1990), South African rugby union player
Ossie Ocasio (born 1955), Puerto Rican retired boxer and former world cruiserweight champion
Ossie Pickworth (1918–1969), Australian golfer
Ossie Schectman (1919–2013), American basketball player who scored the first basket in National Basketball Association history
Ossie Solem (1891–1970), American college football and basketball head coach
Ossie Vitt (1890–1963), American Major League baseball player and manager
Peter Osgood (1947–2006), English footballer nicknamed 'Ossie'
Surname
Manuel Ossie (born 1968), Liberian boxer
Fictional characters
Ossie Ostrich, on the Australian TV programs Tarax Show, Hey Hey It's Saturday and The Ossie Ostrich Video Show
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, created by Ub Iwerks and Walt Disney for funny animal films in the 1920s and '30s
See also
Ossi
Ozzie
Ossi (disambiguation)
Masculine given names
Lists of people by nickname
Hypocorisms
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5388139
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Unaipon
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James Unaipon
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James Unaipon, born James Ngunaitponi, (c. 1835 – 1907) was an Australian Indigenous preacher of the Warrawaldie (also spelt Waruwaldi) Lakalinyeri of the Ngarrindjeri.
Born James Ngunaitponi, he took the name James Reid in honour of the Scottish Free Church minister who baptised him. As James Reid he was sponsored by the Aborigines' Friends' Association for training as a missionary at the Point McLeay Mission on the banks of Lake Alexandrina in the Coorong region of South Australia in 1865. After arriving at Point McLeay from his home in Wellington, Unaipon returned to using his birth name of Ngunaitponi however, the Europeans anglicised his name to Unaipon in correspondence.
On 27 July 1866 Unaipon married Nymbulda, the daughter of Pullum (King Peter) who was the Rupelle (misinterpreted as "King" by colonists) of the Ramindjeri. The Rev George Taplin assumed that the position of Rupelle was hereditary and widely promoted Nymbulda as a queen, believing that a missionary related to royalty would be more influential in converting the Ngarrindjeri. The Rupelle was in fact elected by the Indigenous Tendi (government) and conferred no additional status to his family.
Unaipon co-authored writings on the Ngarrindjeri language was the first Aboriginal deacon, and the father of renowned Australian inventor, David Unaipon.
Notes
Citations
Sources
1830s births
1907 deaths
Australian Protestant ministers and clergy
Indigenous Australian people
Ngarrindjeri
Year of birth uncertain
Indigenous Australian clergy
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5388158
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archiveus
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Archiveus
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Archiveus is a computer virus for Microsoft Windows operating systems that is used as a method of extortion.
It is a Trojan horse-type ransomware virus that encrypts the user's files. The user must then purchase something on specific Web sites to obtain the password to decrypt the files.
In May 2006, the password protection was cracked. The password for restoring the affected files was found to be "mf2lro8sw03ufvnsq034jfowr18f3cszc20vmw".
References
External links
Virus information by Symantec
Windows file viruses
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5388168
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab%20al-Musiqa%20al-Kabir
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Kitab al-Musiqa al-Kabir
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Kitab al-Musiqa al-Kabir (, ) is a treatise on music in east by the medieval philosopher al-Farabi (872-950/951). The work prescribes different aspects of music such as maqamat, and is believed to be influenced by the Pythagorean theory of harmonic ratios. The book was translated into Hebrew by Joseph ben Judah ibn Aknin.
Content
Al-Farabi divided Kitab al-Musiqa al-Kabir into two treatises. The first treatise is composed of two parts; following the Aristotelian tradition, al-Farabi split his study of music into a theoretical and practical aspect. The first part, which consists of two discourses, is an introduction which establishes the theoretical principles of music and investigation into how sound is generated. The second part applies the theoretical principles established in the first part to the musical instruments that were in use during al-Farabi’s time, while also discussing musical intervals and different kinds of melodies. The second treatise was intended to be a commentary to the thought of previous theorists of music, but it is not extant.
References
External links
World Music: Arab Classical at National Geographic
10th-century Arabic books
Musical works of medieval Islam
Persian music
Al-Farabi
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5388173
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moneyline
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Moneyline
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Moneyline may refer to:
Moneyline odds, a form of fixed-odds gambling also known as American odds
Moneyline, renamed Lou Dobbs Moneyline in 2001 and Lou Dobbs Tonight in 2003, a television series hosted by Lou Dobbs on Cable News Network
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5388174
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String%20Quartet%20No.%201%20%28Smetana%29
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String Quartet No. 1 (Smetana)
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String Quartet No. 1 ("From My Life", ) in E minor, written in 1876, is a four-movement chamber composition by Czech composer Bedřich Smetana. It is an autobiographical work with nationalistic elements and was published in 1880 by František Augustin Urbánek in Prague. It was given a private premiere in 1878 in Prague, with Antonín Dvořák as violist, and its public premiere took place on 29 March 1879, performed by Ferdinand Lachner, Jan Pelikán, Josef Krehan and Alois Neruda. Smetana was a complex figure in his time, straddling his Austro-Hungarian upbringing coupled with his ethnic Czech background. His first quartet encompasses the politics and culture that resulted from that upbringing.
Background
Autobiography
At an unknown point in Smetana’s life, he contracted syphilis—in 1874, at 50 years old, his health began to swiftly decline. After a gradual decrease in his hearing, he became completely deaf by October of that year. It is widely believed that his deafness was caused by syphilis. After becoming deaf, Smetana moved in 1876 from Prague to Jabkenice. He still hoped that the condition would not be permanent. In the autumn of that year, he began to compose a new work. It was to be his intimate confession, a work depicting the course of his life. Included in the work was a high-pitched E natural which mimicked the ringing in his ears. He completed the composition on 29 December 1876. In a letter to his friend Josef Srb-Debrnov, Smetana formulated the work's ideological conception and the features of the individual movements. Smetana endured many hardships throughout his life, and these hardships inspired him to write music. For example, his daughter's death was the inspiration to write his Trio in G flat, while the death of his first wife, Catherine, was the inspiration for the third movement of his String Quartet No. 1. The work was published in 1880 by Fr. Urbánek in Prague.
Nationalism
Though he was known for his orchestral and operatic works, in his last years, Smetana’s From My Life (Quartet No. 1) was played more frequently than his other works. His chamber music was seen as less of a threat perhaps because much of his other work held political undertones of Czech nationalism. While his Quartet No. 1 was not overtly political, it honored his Czech roots with the polka featured in the second movement.
Until 1848, in Czechoslovakia, the educated, elite classes were taught to speak and write only in German; they learned just enough Czech to communicate with peddlers and servants. Smetana learned German at home and in school and struggled to learn the Czech language later in life; it became an important part of his growing nationalism and informed his musical sensibilities. His music is often held as the beginning and premier of distinctively Czech music.
Structure
The cycle consists of four movements:
Allegro vivo appassionato
Allegro moderato à la Polka
Largo sostenuto
Vivace
Smetana described the first movement as a romantically driven sketch of his youth as an artist. He also wrote of the movement’s forewarning of the future, as well as a longing for the indefinable. Smetana described the second movement as a polka holding nationalistic tones. The movement depicts his youth as a lover of dance—Smetana held this love from the early age of 6. The third movement was composed as a tribute to his first wife, whom Smetana pronounced his “first love.” The last movement entails Smetana’s loss of hearing and the decay of his health, containing a held E natural which mimicked the ringing in his ears. In his letter, Smetana understood his First Quartet to take on an unconventional form.
The work is semi-autobiographical and consists of sketches of periods from Smetana's life, as is suggested by its subtitle Z mého života ("From My Life"). Its notable features include a prominent viola solo at the very beginning of the first movement, and a high, sustained harmonic E on the first violin in the last movement, which represents the ringing in his ears that presaged Smetana's deafness, although the actual ringing was a chord in A-flat major.
The prominent viola solo in the first movement, as well as the significant use of viola throughout, uniquely captures the sense of foreboding and the rich romanticism entailed throughout the movement.
Use in film
The dramatic opening of the first movement was featured in the 1992 film Sneakers at a concert which the characters attend.
Orchestral version
George Szell orchestrated the piece in the mid-twentieth century to bring it to new audiences. This version is rarely played, but orchestral recordings exist and it was performed at the BBC Proms in 2012.
Footnotes
See also
List of compositions by Bedřich Smetana
References
Bedřich Smetana: Quartetto I. Mi minore. Z mého života. Score. Prague: Editio Supraphon, 1991. S 7676.
External links
Notes by Joseph Way
Notes to a performance by the La Jolla Music Society
Chamber music by Bedřich Smetana
Smetana
1876 compositions
Compositions in E minor
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3994403
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe%20Johnston
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Joe Johnston
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Joseph Eggleston Johnston II (born May 13, 1950) is an American film director, writer, and visual effects artist. He is best known for directing effects-driven films, including Honey, I Shrunk the Kids (1989), Jumanji (1995), and Jurassic Park III (2001), as well as The Rocketeer (1991), The Wolfman (2010), and Captain America: The First Avenger (2011).
Early life
Johnston was born in Austin, Texas, and attended California State University, Long Beach, and Pasadena's Art Center College of Design.
Career
Design and visual effects
Much of the work at the beginning of Johnston's screen career combined design and special effects. He began his career as a concept artist and effects technician on the first Star Wars film, directed by George Lucas, co-created the design of Boba Fett in The Empire Strikes Back, and was art director on one of the effects teams for the sequel Return of the Jedi. His association with Lucas would later prove fruitful, when he became one of four to win an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for Lucas and Steven Spielberg's film Raiders of the Lost Ark. Johnston continued to work on many films as an effects expert.
He was also associate producer on fantasy Willow, and production designer on two mid-80s TV movies which featured the Ewoks seen in Return of the Jedi.
Johnston is also author of Star Wars novel The Adventures of Teebo: A Tale of Magic and Suspense, which ties into Return of the Jedi (New York: Random House, 1984; , ).
In 1984, Lucas gave Johnston a sabbatical, with salary, and paid his tuition to attend the USC School of Cinematic Arts. Johnston left after a year, saying he "was asked not to return" because he "broke too many rules".
Directing
Johnston made his directorial debut in 1989 with hit comedy adventure Honey, I Shrunk the Kids, starring Rick Moranis. He followed it with comic-book adaptation The Rocketeer (1991). The film was a commercial failure, as was his next, the animated and live-action The Pagemaster, starring Macaulay Culkin. Johnston rebounded, directing the family hit Jumanji, starring Robin Williams. The film overcame lukewarm reviews to gross over $260 million.
Johnston was set to direct Hulk, but dropped out in July 1997. Johnston then switched gears from effects-driven action films to the more personal October Sky (1999), starring a teenage Jake Gyllenhaal as a 1950s West Virginia high school student who dreams of being a rocket scientist for NASA against his father's wishes.
Johnston's first project of the 2000s was the sequel Jurassic Park III, which made over US$300 million at the box office. Johnston followed it with western Hidalgo, starring Viggo Mortensen. Johnston then took a six-year directorial break before signing on at a month's notice to take over the 2010 remake of 1941 horror classic The Wolfman. Shot in England, the film starred Benicio del Toro and Anthony Hopkins.
In part thanks to his experience with the period superhero film The Rocketeer, Johnston was selected to direct Marvel Studios superhero adaptation Captain America: The First Avenger. Released on July 22, 2011, the film stars Chris Evans as the comic book hero and Hugo Weaving as his archenemy the Red Skull. In 2012, Johnston directed the thriller Not Safe for Work for Blumhouse Productions.
On December 12, 2017, The Hollywood Reporter reported that Johnston would helm 32 days of reshoots on the film The Nutcracker and the Four Realms due to its director Lasse Hallström being unavailable.
On December 5, 2019, it was reported that Joe Johnston was in negotiations with Disney to direct Shrunk, a legacy sequel to Honey, I Shrunk The Kids. Official confirmation of his involvement as director came on February 5, 2020.
Filmography
Director
Film
Television
Other credits
Film
Television
Books written
1977: The Star Wars Sketchbook
1980: The Empire Strikes Back Sketchbook (with Nilo Rodis-Jamero)
1983: Return of the Jedi Sketchbook (with Nilo Rodis-Jamero)
1984: The Adventures of Teebo: A Tale of Magic and Suspense
2005 : Star Wars : Aux origines du mythe (with Doug Chiang)
2007 : The Hill Culture
2011 : The Mack Marsden Murder Mystery
2014 : Franklin
2014 : Necessary Evil: Settling Missouri with a Rope and a Gun
2015 : It's End Here: Missouri's Last Vigilante
Accolades
References
External links
1950 births
Best Visual Effects Academy Award winners
California State University, Long Beach alumni
Film directors from Texas
Action film directors
American people of German descent
American people of Scottish descent
Living people
People from Fort Worth, Texas
Role-playing game artists
Visual effects artists
USC School of Cinematic Arts alumni
American storyboard artists
Industrial Light & Magic people
Fantasy film directors
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3994404
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzberg
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Hertzberg
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Hertzberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
A. M. Hertzberg (1852–1917), businessman in Brisbane, Australia
Arthur Hertzberg (1921–2006), Polish-born American rabbi
Charles Hertzberg (1886–1944), Major-General of the Royal Canadian Engineering Corps
Daniel Hertzberg, American journalist
Ebbe Carsten Horneman Hertzberg, Norwegian member of the Council of State Division in Stockholm 1884
Ewald Friedrich, Count von Hertzberg (1725–1795), Prussian statesman
Frederick Hertzberg (1923–2000), American psychologist
Gustav Hertzberg (1826–1907), German historian
Hendrik Hertzberg, American journalist
Joseph Hertzberg (d. 1870), Russian writer and translator
Nils Christian Egede Hertzberg, Norwegian Minister of Education and Church Affairs 1882–1884
Robert Hertzberg, American attorney, businessman and politician
Sidney Hertzberg (1922–2005), American pro basketball player
Vicki Hertzberg, American biostatistician
See also
Hertzberg Island, Ontario
Herzberg (disambiguation)
German-language surnames
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5388179
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen%20on%20the%20Green%20%28Atlanta%29
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Screen on the Green (Atlanta)
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Screen on the Green is an annual summertime event in Atlanta's Piedmont Park. Originally sponsored by Turner Classic Movies, the event has been hosted during the last few years by local Atlanta television station Peachtree TV. Screen on the Green consists of free movies shown on a large screen outdoors. The event typically draws between 5,000 and 10,000 people for each film. Through the 2007 series screen, tents, glass containers, pets, and grills are not allowed at the event.
Due to drought conditions in Piedmont Park during the 2008 and 2009 seasons, the event was temporarily moved to Centennial Olympic Park. It returned to Piedmont Park for the 2010 season.
In 2010, several of the early movies were disrupted by altercations including several acts of random violence. While additional security was provided for later movies, many long-time attendees were shaken by the events.
In 2011, Screen on the Green was cancelled because of lack of funding from Peachtree TV after a management change. Weeks later, Screen on the Green was saved by new sponsors. It was canceled again in 2012. In 2013, the event was held in Centennial Olympic Park.
2011 movies
June 2 - Back to the Future
June 9 - Imitation of Life
June 16 - Sixteen Candles
June 23 - Viewers Choice – The Birds, 1963 vs. Frankenstein, 1931
June 30 - Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
2010 movies
May 27 --- National Treasure
June 3 --- Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen
June 10 --- Dreamgirls
June 17 --- Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope
June 24 --- Jurassic Park
2009 movies
May 28 --- Back to the Future
June 4 --- Dreamgirls (not played due to inclement weather)
June 11 --- Field of Dreams
June 18 --- Home Alone
June 25 --- Ghostbusters (decided by online vote)
2008 movies
May 29 --- Jaws
June 5 --- Big Momma's House
June 12 --- Chicago
June 19 --- E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
June 26 --- Footloose (decided by online vote)
2007 movies
May 31 --- Casablanca
June 7 --- Car Wash
June 14 --- Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
June 21 --- Funny Girl
June 28 --- E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (not played due to rain and inclement weather)
2006 movies
June 1 --- Houseguest
June 8 --- The Wiz
June 15 --- Ferris Bueller's Day Off
June 21 --- Breakfast at Tiffany's
June 28 --- Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
2005 movies
June 2 --- Some Like It Hot
June 9 --- To Kill a Mockingbird
June 16 --- The Birds
June 23 --- Mommie Dearest
June 30 --- Grease
External links
Official site
References
Festivals in Atlanta
Tourist attractions in Atlanta
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5388187
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozzie
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Ozzie
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Ozzie or Ozzy is a masculine given name, often a short form (hypocorism) of Oswald, Oscar, Osborne, Osman and other names, surname and nickname which may refer to:
Animals
Ozzie (gorilla) (born c. 1961)
People
Chris Osgood (born 1972), National Hockey League goaltender for the Detroit Red Wings
Ray Ozzie (born 1955), former Chief Software Architect at Microsoft
Oscar Ozzie Cadena (1924–2008), American record producer
Osvaldo Ozzie Canseco (born 1964), Cuban-born former baseball player, brother of José Canseco
Osborne Colson (1916–2006), Canadian figure skater and coach
Osborne Cowles (1899-1997), American college basketball and football player and coach
Oswaldo Ozzie Guillén (born 1964), Venezuelan former Major League Baseball player and manager
Oscar Ozzy Lusth (born 1981), Survivor reality TV show contestant
Michael Myers (Pennsylvania politician) (born 1943), American politician convicted for his part in the Abscam scandal
Oswald Ozzie Nelson (1901-1975), American band leader, actor, director, and producer, best known for playing the father in the sitcom The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet.
Ozzie Newsome, American former National Football League player and current general manager of the Baltimore Ravens, member of the Hall of Fame
Danny Ozzie Osborn (born 1946), American former Major League Baseball pitcher in 1975
John Ozzy Osbourne (born 1948), English lead singer for heavy metal band Black Sabbath, songwriter and star of the reality TV show The Osbournes'
Ozzie Silna (1932-2016), American businessman and basketball franchise co-owner
Oze Ozzie Simmons (1914-2001), African-American college football player
Osborne Ozzie Smith (born 1954), American retired Major League Baseball player and member of the Hall of Fame
Ozzie Sweet (1918-2013), American sports photographer born Oscar Cowan Corbo
Osborne Ozzie Timmons (born 1970), American former Major League Baseball player
Osvaldo Ozzie Virgil, Sr. (born 1932), former Major League Baseball utility player from the Dominican Republic
Osvaldo Ozzie Virgil, Jr. (born 1956), former Major League Baseball All-Star catcher from Puerto Rico
Ozzie Albies (born 1997) is a Curaçaoan professional baseball for the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB).
Fictional characters
Osvaldo "Ozzie" Don Altobello, main villain in the film The Godfather Part III, played by Eli Wallach
Ozzie Mandrill, villain in computer adventure game Escape from Monkey Island Ozzie, Slash, and Flea, villains who serve Magus in the role-playing game Chrono Trigger Ozzie Fernandez Isaacs, creator of the wormholes technology and the gaïa field in the Commonwealth universe of Peter F Hamilton
"My Ozzie," bachelor owner of Earl, the Jack Russell terrier in Mutts'', the comic strip
Ozzie Graham, reporter who joins the StarCrossed group in the TV series People of Earth.
Ozzy Delvecchio, character played by John Leguizamo in Bloodline (TV series).
See also
Aussie, a slang term for Australian, both the adjective and the noun, and less commonly, Australia
Ossi (disambiguation)
Ossie, a given name
References
Masculine given names
Hypocorisms
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3994405
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasiliy%20Sidorenko
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Vasiliy Sidorenko
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Vasiliy Viktorovich Sidorenko (; born 1 May 1961 in Volgograd) is a retired male hammer thrower who represented the USSR and later Russia. He is the 1994 European champion and won a bronze medal at the 1997 World Championships. His personal best throw is 82.54 metres, achieved in 1992.
International competitions
References
sports-reference
1961 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Volgograd
Soviet male hammer throwers
Russian male hammer throwers
Olympic male hammer throwers
Olympic athletes of Russia
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Goodwill Games medalists in athletics
Competitors at the 1998 Goodwill Games
Competitors at the 1994 Goodwill Games
World Athletics Championships athletes for Russia
World Athletics Championships medalists
European Athletics Championships winners
European Athletics Championships medalists
Russian Athletics Championships winners
Russian people of Ukrainian descent
Soviet people of Ukrainian descent
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5388199
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AA%20Highlands%20District
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AA Highlands District
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The AA Highlands District was a high school conference of the Virginia High School League that included schools from Southwest Virginia, mostly in the Bristol and Kingsport areas. The schools of the Highlands District competed in AA Region IV with the schools in the AA Piedmont District and the AA Southwest District. The district dissolved in 2007 after two of its members, Lee High School and Virginia High dropped to Group A with the formation of the Clinch Mountain District, which prompted Abingdon High School and Marion High School to move to the Southwest District.
Virginia High School League
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5388215
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossi
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Ossi
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Ossi may refer to:
Organizations
Open Source Seed Initiative, dedicated to maintaining access to plant genetic resources
Open Source Software Institute, promoter of open-source software solutions in the US Federal, state and municipal government agencies
Organisation of Serbian Students Abroad
People
Ossi (East Germans), a nickname given to former residents of the country East Germany (GDR)
Ossian Ossi Blomqvist (1908–1955), Finnish speed skater
Oskar "Ossi" Bonde (born 1979), the drummer of the rock band Johnossi
Ossi Kauppi (1929–2000), Finnish ice hockey player
Ossi Oikarinen (born 1970), Finnish engineer who works in Formula One
Ossi Oswalda (1899–1948), German silent film actress
Ossi Reichert (1925–2006), German Alpine skier
Ossi Runne (1927–2020), Finnish conductor and composer
Ossi Sandvik (born 1953), Finnish politician
Other uses
Order of the Star of Italian Solidarity
Ossi, Sardinia, a city in the province of Sassari, Sardinia
See also
Ossie, a given name
Ozzie, a given name
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3994407
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen%27s%20Personal%20Australian%20Flag
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Queen's Personal Australian Flag
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The Queen's Personal Australian Flag is the personal flag of Queen Elizabeth II in her role as Queen of Australia. It in a similar way as the Royal Standard in the UK, signalling the Queen's presence, in Australia in this case.
History
The flag was approved for use on 20 September 1962, and used for the first time during her 1963 royal tour.
Description
The flag consists of a banner of the coat of arms of Australia, defaced with a gold seven-pointed federation star with a blue disc containing the letter E below a crown, surrounded by a garland of golden roses.
Each of the six sections of the flag represents the heraldic badge of the Australian states, and the whole is surrounded by an ermine border representing the federation of the states:
The Upper Left represents New South Wales and bears a red St George's Cross, upon which is a gold lion in the centre and a gold star on each arm.
The Upper Middle represents Victoria and contains a Crown and five white stars on a blue field.
The Upper Right represents Queensland and consists of a blue Maltese cross, bearing a Crown, on a white field.
The Lower Left represents South Australia and includes a piping shrike on a gold field.
The Lower Middle represents Western Australia and consists of a black swan on a gold field.
The Lower Right represents Tasmania and contains a red lion on a white field.
The gold seven-pointed star (the Commonwealth Star), represents the states and the territories. The blue disc is taken from the Queen's Personal Flag as used for duties within the Commonwealth of Nations.
The flag is used in two ratios, 1:2 and 22:31. The 1:2 ratio ensures the flag maintains visual integrity with other naval flags, which are 1:2. A 22:31 ratio gives simple dimensions for the flag elements, with a border of 2 units thick, and central squares of dimensions 9×9.
Use
The Queen's Personal Flag for Australia is only used when she is visiting Australia, on Her Majesty's Australian Ships, on official buildings, or other places only when the Queen is actually present. The only exception is for land-based parades in honour of her birthday, when it may be flown even when she is not present. When flown on or outside a building, it must be the only flag present.
Coronation standards
During the coronation ceremony of the monarch at Westminster Abbey, the "standards" of various countries are carried by various officials in the procession inside the abbey. These flags are the country's coat of arms as a banner of arms. For Australia, similar standards based on the current and previous coat of arms were used thrice: at the coronations of King George V, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II in 1911, 1937, and 1953, respectively. The banner of the 1908-1912 coat of arms was used in 1911, with the banner of the current arms used in 1937 and 1953. The banner was in a 3:4 ratio and without defacement.
See also
Flag of the Governor-General of Australia
List of Australian flags
References
Barraclough, E. M. C. and Crampton, W. G. (1978). Flags of the World. London: Frederick Warne. . P. 207
External links
Queen Elizabeth II's Personal Standard in Australia at Flags of the World. Accessed 8 February 2006.
Queen
Monarchy in Australia
Australia
1962 establishments in Australia
Flags displaying animals
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5388220
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twilight%20Peak
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Twilight Peak
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Twilight Peak is the highest summit of the West Needle Mountains range of the San Juan Mountains System in southwestern Colorado.
The prominent peak is located in the Weminuche Wilderness of San Juan National Forest, south-southwest (bearing 199°) of the Town of Silverton in San Juan County.
Climbing
The standard approach to Twilight Peak is via a trail from Molas Pass to the north. The trail leads to Crater Lake from where the summit is accessible. Adjacent to Twilight Peak are North Twilight Peak (13,075 feet) and South Twilight Peak (12,932 feet).
See also
List of mountain peaks of Colorado
References
External links
Mountains of San Juan County, Colorado
San Juan Mountains (Colorado)
San Juan National Forest
North American 4000 m summits
Mountains of Colorado
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5388228
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California%20Distinguished%20School
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California Distinguished School
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California Distinguished School is an award given by the California State Board of Education to public schools within the state that best represent exemplary and quality educational programs. Approximately 5-10% of California schools are awarded this honor each year following a selection process. It is one of many programs in the California School Recognition Program (CSRP) and is funded by CSRP sponsors.
Program
The program was established in 1985 and alternates each year between elementary (even years) and secondary (odd years) schools. In the past, schools that were recognized as distinguished held the title for four years. Currently, schools that are recognized as distinguished hold the title for two years, and after that the recognition may be renewed. Eligibility criteria are subject to change between award cycles.
Eligibility
California School Dashboard
For 2020, the California Distinguished Schools Program will use the accountability metrics compiled on the public California School Dashboard. The Dashboard is a website available to the public and geared toward parents and non-educators. The California Department of Education states “The Dashboard is a key component of California’s five-year overhaul of the state’s school accountability system.” The Dashboard is not just an interface, but relevant to award criteria because it “replaces the state’s former accountability system—the Academic Performance Index (API), which relied exclusively on standardized tests and gave schools a single score. That system was suspended (in 2014).” The Dashboard compiles local and state information about schools and helps users compare schools against state performance. Details for each metric are included and then summarized by a score on a color graph. The scoring pattern is red (“lowest performance”), to orange, yellow, green, up to Blue (“highest performance”).
Details about the California Distinguished Schools application are issued from the California State Superintendent of Public Instruction (Tony Thurmond) and disclosed to School Principals, County and District Superintendents, and Charter School Administrators. Schools communicate with their County Coordinator for the California School Recognition Program to submit the application.
Award criteria
Awardees will fall into two categories: “Closing the Achievement Gap,” and “Exceptional Student Performance.”
“Closing the Achievement Gap” criteria
Poverty Rate of at least 40 percent in the prior two school years.
Highest percent of growth that met standard in ELA OR Mathematics between the two prior school years for the student groups targeted in those years (e.g. English Learners, Foster Youth. See Dashboard website for full listing).
The ALL student group must be Blue/Green on both ELA and Mathematics using Dashboard data for the prior completed school year.
The ALL student group must be Blue/Green/Yellow on the Suspension Rate Indicator using Dashboard data for the prior completed school year
The ALL student group must be Blue/Green/Yellow on the Chronic Absenteeism Indicator using Dashboard data for the prior completed school year.
95 percent participation rate in the prior two school years for both ELA and Mathematics.
“Exceptional Student Performance” criteria
The ALL student group must be Blue in both ELA and Mathematics using Dashboard data for the prior completed school year.
The ALL student group must be Blue on the Suspension Rate Indicator using Dashboard data for the prior completed school year.
The ALL student group must be Blue on the Chronic Absenteeism Indicator using Dashboard data for the prior completed school year
95 percent participation rate in the prior two school years for both ELA and Mathematics.
Program funding
The California Distinguished Schools Program receives funding from California School Recognition Program Sponsors. Sponsors include companies such as Comcast, programs such as the California State Lottery, and special interest groups such as the California Teachers Association.
Historical criticism and response
In 2001, the Los Angeles Times wrote an article identifying complaints with the program's selection process. Times author Jessica Garrison wrote that, at the time, the application process required that “schools must score in the top half of the state’s Academic Performance Index and write an exhaustive, 10-section application describing everything from campus culture to library services.” The critique primarily focused on the lack of incentive, resources, and recognition for lower-performing schools that make significant improvements. The article also lamented the lack of rigorous data to back applicant's claims of student success.
Historical Interim Award Program
Between 2015 and 2017, the California Department of Education awarded the California Gold Ribbon School designation for three years while California transitioned to its new assessment and accountability system. It returned to the California Distinguished School system beginning in 2018.
References
Education in California
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5388229
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piedmont%20District
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Piedmont District
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The AA Piedmont District is a high school conference of the Virginia High School League that includes schools from Southwest and Southside Virginia, mostly in the Martinsville and the Danville areas. The schools of the Piedmont District compete in AA Region IV with the schools in the AA River Ridge District and the AA Southwest District. Until the 1990s, the AA Piedmont District was a member of AA Region III but was moved to balance the number of schools in the VHSL's AA regions. Due to declining school enrollment, Dan River High School became a member of the A Dogwood District beginning in the 2007–08 school year.
The Piedmont District has traditionally been strong in men's basketball, with Martinsville High School having won multiple VHSL Championships. Martinsville High School has won more men's basketball State Championships (a total of 15) than any other school in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
Martinsville High School has won more state championships in the Piedmont District than any other team. Championships include twelve men's basketball state championships, one women's basketball state championship, two football state championships, and two golf state championships.
Tunstall High School has won four state championships in baseball and one state title in wrestling.
Member schools
Bassett High School Bengals of Bassett, VA
George Washington High School Eagles of Danville, VA
Halifax County High School Comets of South Boston, VA
Magna Vista High School Warriors of Ridgeway, VA
Martinsville High School Bulldogs of Martinsville, VA
Patrick County High School Cougars of Stuart, VA
Tunstall High School Trojans of Dry Fork, VA
Mecklenburg County High School (Mascot - Phoenix) will become the newest member of the Piedmont District as of July 1, 2022. Mecklenburg County is the consolidation of Bluestone and Park View-South Hill High Schools.
Virginia High School League
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3994412
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zor-El
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Zor-El
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Zor-El is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. A Kryptonian, he is brother of Jor-El, husband of Alura, father of Supergirl, and paternal uncle of Superman.
Traditional depictions of Zor-El in Golden Age and Silver Age DC Comics stories portrayed him as a benevolent scientist concerned for his daughter Kara, acting similarly to his brother Jor-El in sending his child to safety on Earth. In the mid-2000s, DC experimented with different characterisations of Zor-El, even briefly casting him as a mad scientist with a grudge against his brother. A similar depiction was used when the character was adapted for television in the series Smallville. In 2010s stories following DC's The New 52 reboot, Zor-El has been an antagonist for Supergirl and Superman, having been transformed into the villain Cyborg Superman by Brainiac.
Zor-El was portrayed by Simon Ward in the film Supergirl. Robert Gant portrayed the character in the Arrowverse television series Supergirl in the first two seasons, and Jason Behr portrayed him in the sixth season.
Publication history
Zor-El first appeared in Action Comics #252 (May 1959) and was created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino.
Fictional character biography
Pre-Crisis
Earth-One
In pre-Crisis continuity, Zor-El was a climatographer on Krypton, and one of the only scientists to believe his brother Jor-El's predictions about the impending destruction of Krypton. When the planet exploded, Argo City was somehow blown safely into space with a life-giving bubble of air around it (a later version of the story in Action Comics #316 (September 1964) has the city saved by weather dome that Zor-El had constructed). The explosion had turned the ground beneath Argo City into Kryptonite, but Zor-El and the other survivors covered the surface with sheets of lead. The Kryptonians managed to keep alive for many years, and Kara was born a short time after the destruction of Krypton. The end for Argo City came when a meteor storm punched holes into the lead sheeting, exposing the survivors to the deadly kryptonite radiation. Zor-El managed to build a rocket and use it to send his daughter Kara to Earth. Fearing that Superman would not recognize her because he had left Krypton as an infant, Kara's parents provided a costume based closely on the Man of Steel's own.
It was later revealed to Supergirl through Zor-El induced dreams that her parents had teleported away into the Survival Zone (similar to the Phantom Zone) during Argo's final moments. Supergirl was able to rescue them in Action Comics #310 (March 1964), and Zor-El and Alura went on to live in Kandor. When the bottle city was enlarged, Zor-El and Alura resettled on New Krypton/Rokyn.
Earth-Two
In the alternate universe of Earth-Two, Zor-L and Allura (note different spelling) sent Kara to Earth Two where she became Power Girl. This Zor-L was an expert in psychology and created a virtual reality chamber for Kara inside her spacecraft. As she aged inside the rocket on her way to Earth-Two (taking a different, longer course than Kal-L did), she experienced the type of life she would have had on Krypton. Zor-L and Allura were killed when Krypton exploded. This version of Zor-L lived in Kandor and not Argo City. Zor-L only made one appearance in Showcase #98 (March 1978).
Post-Crisis and Zero Hour (Birthright) and Infinite Crisis timelines
In "The Supergirl from Krypton" story-arc in Superman/Batman #8-13 (May–October 2004), Zor-El rocketed his daughter away from Krypton before Kal-El left. It was expected that she would reach Earth first and could help raise Kal from his infancy. However, she stayed in stasis and her ship did not reach Earth until years later, so the infant she expected to help raise was a grown man when she arrived still in her teens.
After Lex Luthor uses Black Kryptonite to split Kara into good and evil parts, the evil Kara claims that Zor-El actually sent his daughter to Earth to kill his nephew, since he was resentful of his older brother and hated the idea of Jor-El's lineage continuing past Krypton's destruction. Regardless of the truth or falseness of this, Kara has rejected this aspect of herself.
In the new Supergirl series, new information on Zor-El's history and relations are ongoing.
Zor-El was featured in issue #16 as he appeared as an apparition and explained what truly happened to Kara, and why she was sent to Earth to kill Kal-El, in a dream sequence. Zor-El was against the use of the Phantom Zone as a prison because he felt that it would become abused, since no blood was shed, it became a clean way to deal with criminals. In the Argo City area he lived in he was a very trusted scientist, like his brother Jor-El, and was working at this time on Sun Stones. He fought with Jor-El over the use of the Phantom Zone and tried to stop him from supporting it. Zor-El began to see that each time someone went in, something was also coming out, in the form of Phantoms. These Phantoms possessed people, creating anarchy on Krypton. Zor-El discovered he could stop them using his Sun Stones, although the bodies of the possessed would be destroyed. However, Zor-El was not believed and began to be seen as a dangerous crank.
This tied together and explained fragmented flashbacks that had suggested Zor-El was a villainous character, including his dismissal of schoolchildren taunting Kara as "the dead" (they had already been possessed) and Alura telling Kara to kill her and "make your father proud" (she had also been possessed, and this was not a taunt but a genuine request from what remained of her original personality) as well as the original idea that he wanted Kara to kill Kal-El. As the story ended, it was revealed that the house of El was cursed by the phantoms as they saw them as their jailers. Wherever one of the El blood line went, the Phantoms would follow. To save Earth, he needed to send Kara to remove Kal and stop the El blood line from ever-growing.
At the end of this story arc, however, it was revealed that the images of Zor-El and the Phantoms subsequently invading Earth as predicted were all a ruse by the Monitors to see if Supergirl belonged in the New Earth universe. Upon discovering she was truly that universe's Supergirl she was left to her own devices to reconcile with all the people she harmed in the wake of the "test". The Monitor does, however, assert that the memories of Zor-El and the phantoms on Krypton were nevertheless real.
New Krypton
A subsequent flashback in #24 apparently contradicts the Monitor, revealing that "New Earth" Zor-El was not a scientist, although Alura was. In current continuity, Zor-El was a Ranger, and got on well with his brother. With his encouragement, Alura designed the ship that sent Kara to Earth, as both Kal-El's protector and the last living being who remembered Krypton (since Kal-El was an infant). Nothing further has been revealed about the real New Earth Zor-El, as yet.
In Action Comics #869 it is revealed the Zor-El saved Argo City from Krypton's destruction by engineering a protective dome with his wife Alura. However, Brainiac, who was the culprit for Krypton's explosion, returned to finish the job. He merged Argo with the Bottle City of Kandor and killed those he considered to be duplicate information. Superman finds the city in Brainiac's ship. Zor-El and Alura are able to make contact with Kal-El to enquire about their daughter. He was later murdered by Reactron.
In Supergirl (vol. 5) #43, Zor-El is described as a noted member of Krypton's Artist Guild, and Kara as sharing his creative impulse.
In Blackest Night crossover, while Kara and Alura are visiting Zor-El's tomb, discussing the situation with Earth, Zor-El is reanimated as a member of the Black Lantern Corps, ready to attack his wife and daughter. The scientists of New Krypton manage to place a forcefield composed of a counter-energy to the black ring's power source around the planet, cutting off Zor-El's right hand and preventing him from continuing his attack.
The New 52
In September 2011, The New 52 rebooted DC's continuity. In this new timeline, Supergirl discovers an amnesiac Cyborg Superman living on the planet I'noxia. This turns out to be Zor-El, who was rescued from Krypton's destruction by Brainiac and reconfigured as a half-man half-machine to be his scout looking for stronger species in the universe.
His backstory is that in spite of his jealousy and resentment, Zor-El listened when Jor-El claimed Krypton was doomed. Using Brainiac-based technology he built a dome around Argo City, and a space rocket to send Kara to Earth just in case Argo's force-field failed. He did not warn his wife and daughter about his plans, though. Minutes before the explosion he put his daughter to sleep, laid her on a space pod and blasted her into space, an action for which his wife nonfatally shot him before realizing that he was correct about the fate of Krypton. Argo City outlived Krypton but not for long. Without a way to sustain themselves, the cities seven million inhabitants died off. Zor-El sent a distress signal, but less than a dozen people remained alive when Brainiac found the city. Brainiac turned Zor-El into a cyborg, erased his memory and reprogrammed him to serve him.
Still Zor-El was not a compliant servant. He was obsessed with achieving perfection and getting his lost memories back. The new Zor-El met and fought Supergirl -who gave him the "Cyborg Superman" moniker- several times.
Zor-El eventually rebelled against Brainiac. He was soundly defeated and left for dead. Still his systems rebooted, restoring his memory in the process. Zor-El was appalled at what he had become and what he had done and became obsessed with bringing Argo City back and recreating Krypton, convincing himself it was for his daughter's sake.
Unfortunately, his chosen method demanded the sacrifice of Earth people's lives, forcing Supergirl to stop him. After defeating him, Kara told her father he could have looked for another way to save Argo and she would have helped him but he never wanted that. Still she was not willing to give up on her father. So Zor-El was taken to Dr. Veritas's lab, and was placed inside a pod as Dr. Veritas went about removing his cybernetic components and reconstructing his body using TychoTech's technology. His daughter still visited him, unwilling to give up on her father, but Zor-El pretended to sleep and never talked back.
It was not until Indigo nearly killed Supergirl that he acted by tearing Indigo into pieces. Although he was only saving his daughter's life, the National City's townsfolk felt his actions confirmed Supergirl was protecting a murderer only because he was her father. Zor-El was captured by the D.E.O., taken to a clandestine base and locked up. There he was visited by Mister Oz, who gave him what he considered a mercy kill by activating the red plasma failsafe in his containment tank, leaving him to drown in it, powerless.
In other media
Television
Zor-El appears alongside his wife Alura in the Super Friends episode "The Krypton Syndrome".
Zor-El first appeared in the seventh-season episode of Smallville, "Lara". A replicant of Zor-El (portrayed by Christopher Heyerdahl), and his sister in-law Lara (portrayed by former Supergirl actor Helen Slater) returned in "Blue" due to a crystal technology developed by Zor-El that can preserve Kryptonian clones. In the Smallville mythology, Zor-El and Jor-El were bitter rivals who refused to speak, specifically due to the actions of Zor-El. The recorded mind of Jor-El, confronted by his son Clark Kent in "Kara", reveals that Zor-El was a corrupt and evil branch of the "El" line and there was no reason for Clark to know that he was a relative of such a person, very different from the one in the comics. In the episode, it's revealed that Zor-El loved Lara and that he despised Jor-El because he believed he stole her away from him. Zor-El appeared in the 8th episode of the 7th season "Blue" as a replicant, created by a few strands left in crystal technology, when he tricked Clark in to setting a blue crystal sent with Kara into the Fortress of Solitude. It has been recently revealed in Smallville Legends: "Kara From Krypton" that Zor-El worked for Zod, yet in the 15th episode of the 7th Season "Veritas", Kara says that the only thing their fathers did agree on was their "mutual hatred for General Zod".
As a spinoff from the Smallville show, a series of animated shorts were produced called Kara and the Chronicles of Krypton. Originally streamed on the CW website and sent to the phones of Sprint customers, Kara and the Chronicles of Krypton showed the last day of Krypton. Zor-El is a miner in Kandor who is in league with Zod. He believes he is the subject of one of Rao's prophecies and that he will create a New Krypton on Earth where he would live as a god. Kara finds out about his scheme to destroy the planet and alerts Lara who thanks her for the warning that will lead to Kal-El's escape. In Kara's fight to escape him, Zor-El is impaled on a crystal. He erases his daughter's memory of the incident and prepares the blue crystal in time to send Kara on her way to Earth.
Zor-El appears in the Supergirl TV series, portrayed by Robert Gant in season one and season two and by Jason Behr in season six. In the pilot episode, he is briefly seen sending Kara on a rocket off of Krypton before it explodes. In "For the Girl Who Has Everything", Zor-El is briefly seen in a hologram. In "Medusa", it is revealed that he created Medusa virus which is not harmful to Kryptonians but lethal to other alien species in the case of potential invasion, but it was never used on Krypton after its creation. In later seasons, Zor-El is merely mentioned and is revealed to have died after having saved Argo City from Krypton's destruction. Due to their new unfamiliar surrounding, majority of Argo City's inhabitants grew weak and were dying. Zor- El was able to use the rock of Eudical to make Argo City inhabitable, but died in the process. His lab remains where Kara, Mon-El, and Alura were able to use and finish his trans map portal taking them back to Earth. In season six sometime after the "Crisis on Infinite Earths", it was revealed that Zor-El avoided Krypton's destruction by projecting himself into the Phantom Zone. At the time when she was sent into the Phantom Zone, Zor-El reunites with her and keeps her safe from the Phantom Zone Phantoms. They work on a way to get out of the Phantom Zone which involves them having to catch a Phantom Zone Phantom. When the Super Friends enter the Phantom Zone in the Tower and use a sun bomb, Supergirl flies Zor-El to the Tower as it leaves the Phantom Zone.
Movies
Zor-El appears in the 1984 Supergirl movie, portrayed by Simon Ward.
Zor-El appears in Superman/Batman: Apocalypse.
Zor-El appears in Superman: Unbound voiced by Stephen Root. This version is still alive and living in Kandor. When Superman visits Kandor, Zor-El and Alura tell him about Brainiac.
Zor-El appears in DC Super Hero Girls: Hero of the Year, voiced by Tom Kenny.
Novels
The Zor-El of Kevin J. Anderson's novel, The Last Days of Krypton, is one of Krypton’s most accomplished scientists, second only to his older brother Jor-El. Zor-El is also the political leader of Argo City, a coastal metropolis on a narrow tropical peninsula off the main continent’s southeastern shore. While investigating tremors originating in Krypton’s uninhabited southern continent, Zor-El discovers a new volcano, an indication of rising core pressure that could lead to the planet’s doom. After the theft of Kandor by Brainiac, Jor-El is able to convince Commissioner Zod to sanction the construction of the Rao beam, which Jor-El and Zor-El use to relieve the pressure at the core. When Zor-El discovers that Zod is consolidating power by kidnapping his most vocal opponents, he leads the cities of Krypton in a coordinated revolt against the dictator. Knowing that Zod plans to lay siege to Argo City, Zor-El commissions the construction of shield generators around the city’s perimeter. These shields are later used to save the city from the destruction of Krypton (though Anderson does not reveal whether Zor-El’s plan to save Argo City is ultimately successful).
References
External links
Zor-El and Argo City at Superman.nu
Zor-El at Supermanica
Smallville Wiki's Zor-El profile
Characters created by Otto Binder
Comics characters introduced in 1959
Cyborg superheroes
Cyborg supervillains
DC Comics characters who can move at superhuman speeds
DC Comics characters with superhuman strength
DC Comics cyborgs
DC Comics extraterrestrial superheroes
DC Comics extraterrestrial supervillains
DC Comics male superheroes
DC Comics male supervillains
DC Comics police officers
Fictional characters with X-ray vision
Fictional characters with superhuman senses
Fictional characters with nuclear or radiation abilities
Fictional characters with air or wind abilities
Fictional characters with ice or cold abilities
Fictional characters with absorption or parasitic abilities
Fictional characters with energy-manipulation abilities
Fictional characters with fire or heat abilities
Fictional extraterrestrial cyborgs
Fictional scientists
Superhero film characters
Kryptonians
Superman characters
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coon%20Chicken%20Inn
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Coon Chicken Inn
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Coon Chicken Inn was an American chain of three restaurants founded by Maxon Lester Graham and Adelaide Burt in 1925, which prospered until the late 1950s. The restaurant's name contained the word Coon, considered a racial slur, and the trademarks and entrances of the restaurants were designed to look like a smiling caricature of an African-American porter. The smiling capped porter head also appeared on menus, dishes, and promotional items. Due to changes in popular culture and the general consideration of being culturally and racially offensive, the chain closed in 1957.
The first Coon Chicken Inn was opened in suburban Salt Lake City, Utah in 1925. In 1929, another restaurant was opened in then-suburban Lake City, Seattle, and a third was opened in the Hollywood District of Portland, Oregon, in 1931. A fourth location was advertised but never opened in Spokane, Washington. Later, a cabaret, orchestra, and catering were added to the Seattle and Salt Lake restaurants. The Portland location at 5474 NE Sandy Blvd. closed in 1949 and was converted into another restaurant, and is currently the location of Clyde's Prime Rib. The Seattle location also closed in 1949 and is no longer standing. That address at 8500 Lake City Way is now occupied by The Growler Guys restaurant. The Salt Lake City location at 2960 S. (sometimes listed as 2950 S.) Highland Drive closed in 1957 and is now the site of a furniture store.
See also
Sambo's restaurant chain
List of chicken restaurants
List of defunct restaurants of the United States
References
1925 establishments in Utah
1957 disestablishments in Utah
American companies established in 1925
American companies disestablished in 1957
Restaurants established in 1925
Restaurants disestablished in 1957
African-American history of Utah
Buildings and structures in Salt Lake City
Chicken chains of the United States
Defunct restaurant chains in the United States
Defunct restaurants in Portland, Oregon
History of racism in Oregon
History of racism in Utah
History of racism in Washington (state)
History of Salt Lake City
Hollywood, Portland, Oregon
Restaurants in Utah
Restaurants in Washington (state)
Stereotypes of African Americans
African-American-related controversies
Companies based in Salt Lake City
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest%20District%20%28VHSL%29
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Southwest District (VHSL)
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The Southwest District is a high school conference of the Virginia High School League that includes schools from southwestern Virginia, United States. The Southwest District was established in the former AA Region IV.
The AA Highlands District dissolved in 2007, with Abingdon and Marion joining the Southwest District. The AA Southwest District had several changes for the 2013–2014 school year during the overall VHSL realignment. Carroll County, a member of the new Group 4A, moved to the AA River Ridge District. Virginia High School and Lebanon High School joined from the dissolved A Clinch Mountain District. Graham High School (Bluefield, Virginia) recently joined the district after 6 years with the A Mountain Empire District due to the new alignment plan mapped out by the VHSL.
Abingdon is a member of the new Group 3A while the other schools are members of the new Group 2A. Abingdon left the Southwest District in the 2017 - 2018 School Year for the new Mountain 7 District. These schools are part of the new region system after conferences fell by the wayside. Region 2 D is the new classification.
Member schools
Marion Scarlet Hurricane of Marion, VA
Graham G-Men of Bluefield, VA
Richlands Blue Tornado of Richlands, VA
Tazewell Bulldogs of Tazewell, VA
Virginia Bearcats of Bristol, VA
Grayson County Blue Devils of Independence, VA --- added for ended season possibilities only
Virginia High School League
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanza%20Osme%C3%B1a
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Esperanza Osmeña
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Esperanza Escolar Limjap Osmeña (December 18, 1894 – April 4, 1978) was the second wife of Philippine President Sergio Osmeña and is considered the fourth First Lady of the Philippines.
Biography
Esperanza Limjap y Escolar was born in San Miguel, Manila to Mariano Limjap y Nolasco and María Escolar y Carreón.
She married Osmeña in on January 10, 1920 in San Miguel, Manila, two years after the death of Osmeña's first wife, Estefania Chiong Veloso. The couple had three children: Ramón, Rosalina, and Victor.
She became first lady upon the death of Manuel L. Quezon, when her husband succeeded to the presidency of the Philippine government-in-exile in the United States. However, while her husband was president-in-exile, she herself was still in the Philippines and remained there, during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II. On 30 Oct. 1944, Russell_W._Volckmann's forces rescued Mrs. Osmena and family from Baguio.
She died on April 4, 1978 in at Makati Medical Center in Makati due to heart failure. She was buried at Manila North Cemetery in Santa Cruz, Manila on April 11, 1978.
See also
List of American guerrillas in the Philippines
References
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1894 births
1978 deaths
Filipino Roman Catholics
Esperanza Osmena
First Ladies and First Gentlemen of the Philippines
People from Cebu
People from Makati
People from San Miguel, Manila
Burials at the Manila North Cemetery
Spouses of presidents of the Philippines
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5388271
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rue%20des%20Francs-Bourgeois
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Rue des Francs-Bourgeois
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Rue des Francs-Bourgeois () is one of the longer streets in the Marais district of Paris, France.
Starting near Centre Georges Pompidou (rue Rambuteau), the road is considered trendy, with numerous fashion boutiques. Rue des Francs-Bourgeois is one of the few streets which largely ignores France's strong tradition of Sunday closure, even within Paris. As such, it is a popular location for weekend brunches and walks. Notable buildings include the ancient hôtels Carnavalet, Lamoignon, Sandreville, d'Albret, d'Alméras, Poussepin, de Coulanges, Hérouet, de Jaucourt, de Fontenay, de Breteuil and de Soubise. Hôtel Carnavalet houses the museum of the history of Paris.
History
The street was once known as the Rue des Poulies. In 1415, a noble called le Mazurier offered the Chief Prior of France a huge private mansion with 24 bedrooms to receive 48 poor people. These people were so poor that they didn't pay the taxes of the city, and were called francs-bourgeois. In 1868, the street was joined with Rue Neuve Saint-Catherine and Rue du Paradis au Marais.
References
External links
1868 establishments in France
Streets in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris
Streets in the 4th arrondissement of Paris
Le Marais
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itagaki
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Itagaki
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is a Japanese surname.
People with the name
, Japanese ski jumper
, Japanese manga artist
, one of the Twenty-four Generals of Takeda Shingen during the Sengoku period
, Japanese manga artist
, World War II Imperial Japanese army general
, Meiji period political leader
, Japanese video game designer, formerly of Tecmo
, Japanese artist and photographer
Hangaku Gozen, Japanese warrior also called Itagaki
, Japanese actor and former idol M!LK
Fictional characters
, characters from the manga series Hajime no Ippo
Japanese-language surnames
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witheridge%20F.C.
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Witheridge F.C.
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Witheridge Football Club is a football club based in the Devon village of Witheridge. They are currently members of the and play at Edge Down Park.
History
Witheridge have come a long way since the days of the Married team and Singles team. Up until the Second World War, Witheridge played their football in the North Devon League. After the war Witheridge didn't rejoin the North Devon League but joined the Tiverton and District league, playing clubs like Bampton and Elmore.
In 1971, Witheridge decided it was time to move on from the Tiverton League and joined the Devon and Exeter League, starting in Intermediate Four. The 1970s and 1980s at times were hard for Witheridge but the team kept plugging away and for a small village club managed to keep themselves going. Witheridge did have good times during this period but it wasn't until the 1990s that they started to make people in the Devon and Exeter League look up and take notice that the little village club was beginning to make a big stir.
In 1990 the side won the Express and Echo Shield and they soon started flying through the Devon and Exeter League. 1992 saw Witheridge promoted to Intermediate One then race through Senior Three, Two and One. Then in 1996 Witheridge won promotion to the Devon and Exeter Premier League.
In 1997 Andre Pike was appointed as first team manager and from that point on the club went from strength to strength. The 1999/2000 season saw Witheridge finish runners-up in the Devon and Exeter Premier League and also win three cups, the Okehampton Cup, Devon Premier Cup and the East Devon Senior Cup, all within two weeks of each other.
During their spell in the Devon and Exeter premier division, Witheridge became one of the big teams, finishing as runners-up four times in their last 7 seasons in the league. 2006 saw Withy finally promoted to the Devon County League and in their only season managed to finish 11th place, which saw Witheridge promoted into the newly formed South West Peninsula League Premier Division.
In the inaugural season of the South West Peninsula League, Witheridge managed a mid table finish despite being bottom of the league on Christmas Day which included a 12-match unbeaten run which stretched from February to the end of the season.
2009 saw the club take a massive step forward when levelling work was done to the pitch as well as the installation of floodlights at Edge Down Park which allowed the club to enter The FA Vase for the very first time.
During the summer of 2012, the club's changing rooms were completely renovated and a brand new 100-seat stand installed as well as a new pathway down to the stand.
Witheridge Football Club entered the FA Cup for the first time in the clubs 94-year history in August 2014 and won their inaugural match after beating Barnstaple Town 1–0 at Mill Road.
Ground
Witheridge play their home games at Edge Down Park, Fore Street, Witheridge, Tiverton, Devon, EX16 8AH.
Honours
Devon and Exeter League
Runner-up: 1999–2000, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2005–06
Devon & Exeter League Cup
Winners 1999–2000
East Devon Cup
Winners 1999–2000
Okehampton Cup
Winners 1999–2000, 2004–05
Westward Ho! Cup
Winners 2001–02
Rowe Charity Cup
Winners 2001–02, 2002–03, 2004–05
Season-by-season record since 2000
References
External links
Official website
Football clubs in Devon
Association football clubs established in 1920
1920 establishments in England
South West Peninsula League
Football clubs in England
Devon County League
Devon Football League
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5388286
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barncluith
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Barncluith
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Barncluith is an area of Hamilton in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. Barncluith forms the south-eastern part of the town, between the urban centre and the Avon Water. It lies either side of Carlisle Road (A72), which leads out of Hamilton to Chatelherault Country Park, Larkhall and the Clyde Valley. The name derives from "Baron's Cleugh", a cleugh being a ravine.
Barncluith Primary School closed in the 1990s. The school building stands at the corner of Miller Street and Townhead Street, and is now the Barncluith Business Centre. The parish church is St. John's Centre on Duke Street.
Barncluith House and gardens
To the south of the area, alongside the Avon Water, are Barncluith tower house and Barncluith House. The tower house dates to the 16th century, while the house is of 18th-century origin. The are a category A listed building, and are included on the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland, the national listing of significant gardens. The house and tower are both category B listed, having been extensively restored in the 20th century.
History
The lands of Barncluith were held by the Machan family, of Norman origin. In 1507 Anne Machan married William Hamilton of Rossmoor, kinsman of the Duke of Hamilton. Their son fought and died at the Battle of Langside (1568), and Barncluith was subsequently inherited by their grandson John Hamilton. The tower house of Barncluith dates to around this time, and was probably built by John Hamilton along with the gardens. The building of the terraces along the river is thought to date to the 17th century.
Another John Hamilton of Barncluith was Sheriff of the Lower Ward of Lanarkshire from shortly after 1707. He is said to have held his court within the pavilion in the terrace garden, and to have carried out executions at a nearby oak tree. In the 1730s, the involvement of the architect William Adam in works at Barncluith is suggested by surviving correspondence with his clerk of works.
Ownership of Barncluith passed from the Hamiltons to the Ruthven family in the 19th century. At this time the gardens at Barncluith were renowned as an example of an old Scots garden, and were popular with visitors to the area. It was bought in 1908 by lawyer James C. Bishop, who restored the gardens. In 1927 Hamilton Palace was demolished, and Bishop secured a number of fragments of carved masonry which he brought to Barncluith and re-used as garden ornaments. These include a large carving of the Hamilton coat of arms.
References
External links
St John's Church Hamilton
Hamilton, South Lanarkshire
Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes
Populated places in South Lanarkshire
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady%20Lotus
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Lady Lotus
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Lady Lotus (also known as Lotus Newmark) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
Publication history
Lady Lotus first appeared in The Invaders #37 (Feb. 1979), and was created by Don Glut, Rick Hoberg, Chic Stone and Alan Kupperberg.
Fictional character biography
Lady Lotus was born in Japan, and exhibited strong psychic powers at a young age. She developed these abilities through constant meditation, and supplemented her powers with the sacred lotus flower. At the age of 21, she moved to the United States. Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States began holding Japanese-Americans in concentration camps to determine their loyalties. Disgusted by this, Lady Lotus took refuge in New York's Chinatown and opened a curio shop called "The House of Lotus". She cast a subtle hypnotic suggestion over anyone who came into the store, convincing her customers that she was actually Chinese. Angered at how her people were being treated by the Americans, she vowed to destroy the United States, and allied with the Axis Powers.
When U-Man was about to attempt an attack upon the Sub-Mariner's flagship, he was suddenly compelled away by the mental powers of Lady Lotus, who commanded him to come to her lair. When U-Man arrived at the House of Lotus, Lady Lotus sent her guards to test his strength, and was impressed. When U-Man tried to fight back against her, he was powerless because of her mental abilities. She told him she was interested in the Kid Commandos team member, Golden Girl. With her powers, she made sure that Japanese saboteurs would make an attempt at the Santa Monica Pier which would be stopped by the Kid Commandos. After they had beaten the saboteurs, she sent U-Man to capture Golden Girl and he brought her back to a warehouse at Lady Lotus's request. There, Golden Girl was treated with utmost respect and was even offered tea as Lady Lotus retold her story to her. She attempted to appeal to their common Japanese ancestry so they could work together to take over the U.S., but Golden Girl was unshaken in her commitment to America, despite what she and her father, Dr. Sam Sabuki, had suffered. Lady Lotus tried to take over her mind, but one of Golden Girl's blasts of energy blinded her. The Invaders and the other Kid Commandos arrived just as U-Man and Lady Lotus' soldiers attempted to capture Golden girl, causing Lady Lotus to flee with U-Man.
Meanwhile, some of Lady Lotus' agents attempted to revive Baron Blood and when he came to, Lady Lotus directed him to the House of Lotus to join her forces. After bathing in lotus petals and scented water, Lady Lotus confronted Baron Blood and U-Man, and demonstrated to Baron Blood that she could control him as effectively as Dracula. She then provided him with a coffin and soil from England for him to rest in, and a new costume to replace his tattered garment. She then sent Baron Blood to help Master Man and Warrior Woman smuggle into America. The Invaders interfered but Baron Blood is still successful in the scheme.
Lady Lotus captured a number of men and women from Chinatown and hypnotized them to have the men serve as her guards and the women as her maids. With the four costumed Axis agents assembled, Lady Lotus declared that they would join forces as the Super-Axis. Warrior Woman and Master Man refused to obey a Japanese woman, but Lady Lotus drove them into compliance with hypnotic illusions.
Meanwhile, the Human Torch arrived at the House of Lotus, wondering if there was a connection to Lady Lotus. She greeted him and took control of him with hypnosis, offering her love to him, and playing on his feelings of rejection after Spitfire chose Captain America. She sent the Super-Axis and Human Torch to destroy Chicago's railroad center to hamper American supplies, and directed them mentally from a distance. When the Torch nearly killed Miss America and the Whizzer, Captain America was able to help him regain his senses. Angered at how she played with his emotions, the Torch attacked the House of Lotus solo. She sent her samurai to fight him, but he released a bright flash of light that broke her spell over them. Lady Lotus escaped during the melee. With the Super-Axis' defeat, Lady Lotus retreated into Chinatown. Days later, she chanced to encounter the Yellow Claw and his young niece, Suwan, in the rain. She was taken aback, thinking the Claw was only a legend. The Claw said that he admired her ambition, but promised that even if it took him another decade to it, he would be the one to conquer the United States.
U-Man later had his revenge upon Lady Lotus for making him her slave by raping her and she gave birth to his daughter, Nia.
Lady Lotus was revealed to be the true identity of contemporary Los Angeles crime lord "Lotus Newmark" in Captain America: Forever Allies #1 (2010). As Lotus Newmark, she had previously appeared in storylines in Avengers Spotlight (featuring Hawkeye, written by Steve Gerber), Wonder Man and Nomad.
Powers and abilities
Lady Lotus possesses the ability to hypnotize others from miles away, forcing them to obey her will. She can also psychically project images into a crystal ball, cast mental illusions and had limited powers of precognition. Exposure to lotus flowers heightened her powers, and she would bathe for an hour in a bath of the flowers to increase her abilities. Due to apparent mystical means, she also does not age.
References
External links
Lady Lotus Marvel Wikia
Comics characters introduced in 1979
Fictional characters with precognition
Fictional characters with slowed ageing
Fictional Japanese people
Fictional secret agents and spies
Marvel Comics female supervillains
Marvel Comics characters who have mental powers
Marvel Comics telepaths
Marvel Comics mutants
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5388308
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwestern%20California%20University%20School%20of%20Law
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Northwestern California University School of Law
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Northwestern California University School of Law is an online based law school in Sacramento, California. It is the oldest law school of its type, founded in 1982.
It is approved by the State Bar of California, and is registered to award the Juris Doctor degree upon completion and graduation from the program.
Online Law Education
The school delivers courses entirely through a distance education format. The main teaching medium is the internet by means of virtual classrooms, discussion boards, live online audio and video lectures, online study groups, and the use of videoconferencing. NWCU Law offers its courses through eJuris, an online law school platform developed by the school. All students are also provided with access to LexisNexis and to CALI.
NWCU is a part time program spanning four years of continuous study. As a part time program the NWCU Law program is regulated according to the standards set by the State Bar of California, requiring a cumulative 3,600 hours of verified academic engagement and study. Foundational classes are taught in year long blocks requiring a 12-month course of study.
Degrees Offered
NWCU offers the Juris Doctor (J.D.) law degree. Graduates receive the J.D. degree after the successful completion of their 4L year.
Accreditation
Northwestern California University School of Law is approved by the Committee of Bar Examiners of the State Bar of California. Students to whom the school awards the JD degree are eligible to take the California Bar Examination and become licensed in the State of California. The school is not accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA). As a result, students are generally not permitted to take the bar exam outside of California immediately after graduation. Currently 23 states allow graduates to take their respective bar exams and be admitted to practice law after passing the bar in California and practicing for a set number of years
Tuition
NWCU's tuition is $3,900 per year, not inclusive of books or other expenses. The total tuition for the four-year program is $15,600.
Notable Alumni
Max Hardberger, maritime security specialist and author.
Mark Whitacre, President of Archer Daniels Midland's bioproducts division, who became a whistleblower under U.S. federal whistleblower statutes. The movie The Informant starring Matt Damon was based on Whitacre's role in the ADM price-fixing case.
References
External links
Law schools in California
Educational institutions established in 1982
Distance education institutions based in the United States
1982 establishments in California
Education in Sacramento, California
Online law schools in the United States
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5388309
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra%20Pradesh%20and%20Madras%20Alteration%20of%20Boundaries%20Act
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Andhra Pradesh and Madras Alteration of Boundaries Act
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Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959, enacted by the Parliament of India under the provisions of article 3 of the constitution, went into with effect from 1 April 1960. Under the act, Tirutani taluk and Pallipattu sub-taluk of Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh were transferred to Madras State in exchange for territories from the Chingelput (Chengalpattu) and Salem Districts.
A total of 319 villages from three different taluks of Chitoor district and a small forest area were transferred from Andhra Pradesh to Madras State in exchange for 148 villages of Chingelput district and three villages from Salem district, together with certain forest areas.
The parliamentary constituencies of Chittoor in Andhra Pradesh and the Chingleput and Tiruvallur in Madras were considerably altered by this exchange of territories. As the greater parts of Tiruttani and Ramakrishnarajapet assembly constituencies in Andhra Pradesh were transferred to Madras in exchange for a smaller area, which was constituted into one taluk by the name of Sathyavedu, these two constituencies (one two-member and the other single-member) were replaced by a two-member assembly constituency of Sathyavedu. Consequently, the total number of seats in the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh was reduced from 301 to 300. Meanwhile, the Madras Legislative Assembly gained one seat, the total increasing from 205 to 206. A new assembly constituency called Tiruttani came into being in Madras and the extent and boundaries of Ponneri, Gummidipundi and Tiruvallur assembly constituencies were considerably altered.
See also
States Reorganisation Act
History of Tamil Nadu
References
Acts of the Parliament of India 1959
Reorganisation of Indian states
1959 in India
1950s in Madras State
1950s in Andhra Pradesh
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5388316
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinidad%20de%20Leon-Roxas
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Trinidad de Leon-Roxas
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Trinidad de Leon-Roxas (née de Leon y Roura; October 4, 1899 – June 20, 1995) was the wife of Philippine President Manuel Roxas and the fifth First Lady of the Philippines. They were married in 1921 and had two children, Ruby and Gerardo (Gerry).
As the country's first lady during the post-war years, De León-Roxas got involved in various charitable organizations such as the White Cross and the Girl Scouts of the Philippines and restored the annual Malacañang Christmas gift-giving begun prior to World War II. The annual gift-giving has become a tradition to this day.
De León-Roxas died on June 20, 1995.
References
1899 births
1995 deaths
Filipino Roman Catholics
Tagalog people
Filipino beauty pageant winners
People from San Miguel, Bulacan
People from Capiz
First Ladies and First Gentlemen of the Philippines
Trinidad
Burials at the Manila North Cemetery
Spouses of presidents of the Philippines
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3994421
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alt%20code
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Alt code
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On personal computers with numeric keypads that use Microsoft operating systems, such as Windows, many characters that do not have a dedicated key combination on the keyboard may nevertheless be entered using the Alt code (the Alt numpad input method). This is done by pressing and holding the key, then typing a number on the keyboard's numeric keypad that identifies the character and then releasing .
History and description
MS DOS
On IBM PC compatible personal computers from the 1980s, the BIOS allowed the user to hold down the key and type a decimal number on the keypad. It would place the corresponding code into the keyboard buffer so that it would look (almost) as if the code had been entered by a single keystroke. Applications reading keystrokes from the BIOS would behave according to what action they associate with that code. Some would interpret the code as a command, but often it would be interpreted as a code to be placed on the screen at the location of the cursor, thus displaying the corresponding 8-bit character from the current code page. On the original IBM PC this was CP437. In most cases typing a number greater than 255 produced the character associated with the remainder after the number is divided by 256.
Some Eastern European, Arabic and Asian computers used other hardware code pages, and MS-DOS was able to switch between them at runtime with commands like KEYB, CHCP or MODE. This causes the Alt combinations to produce different characters (as well as changing the display of any previously-entered text in the same manner). A common choice in locales using variants of the Latin alphabet was CP850, which provided more Latin character variants. (There were, however, many more code pages; for a more complete list, see code page).
PC keyboards designed for non-English use included other methods of inserting these characters, such as national keyboard layouts, the AltGr key or dead keys, but the Alt key was the only method of inserting some characters and the only method that was the same on all machines, so it remained very popular. This input method is emulated by many pieces of software (such as later versions of MS-DOS and Windows) that do not use the BIOS keyboard decoding.
In the ASCII standard, the numbers 0-31 and 127 are assigned to control characters, but MS DOS did not interpret the numbers this way. For instance, code point 7 is assigned to BEL. However with some applications, may yield a bullet character (code point 7 on code page 437), but in others would treat this input as identical to (which on a terminal produces a control character with a value of 7).
Windows
The Alt codes had become so well known and memorized by users that Microsoft decided to preserve them, even though it used a new and different set of code pages for Windows, such as CP1252. The old code pages were called OEM code pages; the new ones are called Windows code pages, The familiar Alt+number combinations produced codes from the OEM code page (for example, CP437 in the United States), matching the results from MS-DOS. But prefixing a leading zero (0) to the number (usually meaning 4 digits) produced the character specified by the newer Windows code page, allowing them to be typed as well.
For instance, the combination + would result in (Latin letter u with acute accent) which is at 163 in the OEM code page of CP437 or CP850, while + yields the character (symbol for the pound sterling) which is at 163 in CP1252.
The numbers 0 –31 and 127 are control characters in the Windows code pages. Typing these numbers with a leading zero is ignored.
Before Unicode was introduced, most Windows software could only create text using the repertoire of characters available in a single code page. Characters that did not exist in that page (such as a line-drawing graphic from the OEM page when the software was using the Windows code page) could not be inserted, and either were ignored or produced an unexpected character. Modern software uses Unicode, which assigns numbers (code points) to all the characters in all the code pages. The software has access to the glyphs corresponding to all the code points in the supported fonts, so it can produce the character specified by any Alt code less than 256 whether zero-prefixed or non-zero-prefixed.
Transition to Unicode
When Windows later transitioned to Unicode, there was a desire to extend the Alt codes to allow entry of any Unicode code point. Numbers greater or equal to 256 pick the corresponding Unicode code point (lower numbers continue to pick characters from the OEM or ANSI code pages, but if 0 is prefixed the ANSI code page greatly resembles the first 256 characters of Unicode). Some applications (RichEdit-based) like Word 2010, Wordpad, and PSPad operate this way. Other Windows applications, including Notepad, Chrome, Firefox, and Microsoft Edge interpret all numbers greater than 255 modulo 256.
Because most Unicode documentation and the Character Map accessory show the code points in hex, not decimal, a variation of Alt codes was developed to allow the numbers to be typed in hex (using the main keyboard for –). To enable it, a user must set or create a string type () value called EnableHexNumpad in the registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Input Method, assign the value data 1 to it, and then reboot or log out/in. A leading then indicates hex input, for example will produce (e with caron).
Many applications, including Word, Wordpad, Excel, and LibreOffice, support a simpler method: typing the hex digits first (inserting them into the document) and then typing to change them into the matching Unicode character.
Problems
If is disabled, attempting an Alt code may cause unexpected results in some applications, due to the controls used on the same key. For example, can be taken as , causing a web browser to go back one page.
Many laptops do not have a separate numeric keypad, but some may provide numpad input by holding a modifier key (typically labelled "Fn"); thus one must press and hold both and keys while entering the character code.
One limitation of the Alt code feature is that the key and the numpad keys being used to enter the code must both be on the same keyboard device. Users with keyboards that lack a numpad (e.g. tenkeyless designs) cannot use a separate numpad device to enter Alt codes while holding the key on their main keyboard.
Other operating systems
The Alt key method does not work on Chrome OS, Mac OS, Linux or other operating systems and there is no readily-accessible evidence of interest in replicating it, due to its including the 1980s IBM PC character encoding as part of its definition. However, numeric entry of Unicode characters is possible in most Unix or Unix-like OSs by typing , (release) then the hex number, then the space bar or enter key. For example,
for the registered trademark symbol , type ;
for the no entry sign , type
Alternatives
Alternative systems exist for users to make characters without selecting them by number, for example using a popup window that lets a user choose the desired character by clicking on it. Examples include the Windows Character Map or the Insert Character facility in MsOffice. See Unicode input for more.
List of codes
See also
Combining character
Compose key for other operating systems
Keyboard layout
List of Unicode characters
Numeric character reference
Notes
References
Character encoding
Computer keyboards
Input methods
de:Alt (Taste)#Alt-Code
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5388318
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20nicknames%20of%20United%20States%20Army%20divisions
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List of nicknames of United States Army divisions
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Many Army divisions have over the years earned nicknames; some laudatory, some derogatory, but mostly colorful. Sometimes, the nicknames themselves have overshadowed the actual name of the division, e.g. the "Screaming Eagles" for the 101st Airborne Division.
Special designation
An official special designation is a "nickname granted to a military organization" which has been authorized by the Center of Military History and recognized through a certificate signed by the Secretary of the Army.
A division's nickname may derive from numerous sources:
it may be inspired by the division's badge or insignia, such as the 1st Infantry Division's "Big Red One". On the other hand, some division's badges are actually suggested by the nickname, such as the "CY" patch of the "Cyclone Division" (38th Infantry Division);
it may derive from the place where the division was raised or trained (36th Infantry Division, "Texas"), or the places of origin of the division's soldiers (29th Infantry Division, "Blue and Gray", for northern and southern states);
it may be bestowed by the enemy in battle, such as the moniker "Red Devils", a nickname for the 5th Infantry Division "granted" by the Germans at the Battle of Saint-Mihiel, World War I;
it may be the pairing of an adjective (such as "Fighting") paired with the division's ordinal, such as "The Fighting First" for the 1st Infantry Division; or
it may defy accurate explanation (albeit not without numerous theories), such as the 9th Infantry Division, or "Old Reliables".
Active divisions are listed in boldface; no distinction has been made between regular Army divisions and those of the Army Reserve or National Guard. The origin of the nickname is noted where possible. In some cases, the nickname was officially adopted by the division in question; this is indicated along with date of adoption (where known). Official status might also be inferred by the presence of the nickname on official distinctive unit insignia or in official military source materials.
Airborne divisions
11th Airborne Division – "The Angels"; possibly after their shoulder patch, a white-bordered red circle with a white numeral "11", with white wings rising obliquely from the circle, all on a royal blue field
13th Airborne Division – "Golden Unicorns"; taken from their shoulder patch, a winged unicorn in orange on an ultramarine blue, the branch of service colours of the United States Army Air Corps, was approved on 2 June 1943. A gold on black "Airborne" tab was worn above the insignia.
17th Airborne Division – "Golden Talon"; taken from their shoulder patch.
173rd Airborne Brigade – "Sky Soldiers"; They received their official nickname (Tien Bien translates to Sky Soldiers) from the Taiwanese locals during exercises when they were parachuting in Taiwan. The 173rd was part of the only major conventional airborne operation (Operation Junction City) during the Vietnam War. The unit's shoulder patch was referred to as the "Flying Butter Knives."
82nd Airborne Division – "America's Guard of Honor", "All-Americans"; original members of the division in 1917 came from every state in the Union. In addition, the 82nd Airborne has been called "Alcoholics Anonymous" or "Almost Airborne" in reference to the "AA" on its shoulder patch by members of other divisions.
101st Airborne Division – "The Screaming Eagles"; after their shoulder insignia, a bald eagle's head on a black shield. During the Vietnam War, the nicknames "Puking Buzzards" and "One 'o Worst", a comment on their mode of transportation and a play on the official divisional name, were used. Both were used derogatorily by other soldiers, and were not used by the division itself. In addition, the Vietnamese called them the "Chicken Men" since they had never seen a bald eagle. Several regiments within the 101st were nicknamed "The Battered Bastards of Bastogne", due to their part in holding the important crossroads town during the Battle of the Bulge.
Armored divisions
1st Armored Division – "Old Ironsides" (official, 1941); Devised by its first commander, Major General Bruce Magruder, after he saw a picture of the USS Constitution, which bears the same nickname
2nd Armored Division – "Hell on Wheels"; Brigadier General George S. Patton, while witnessing it on maneuvers in 1941, reportedly said the division would be "Hell on Wheels" when it met the enemy
3rd Armored Division – "Spearhead"; in recognition of the division's role as the "spearhead" of many attacks during the liberation of France in 1944.
4th Armored Division
"Breakthrough" – According to the Center of Military History, the 4th was "sometimes called the 'Breakthrough Division,' but the division never officially pursued the designation, preferring to be 'known by its deeds alone.'"
"Name Enough"
"Rolling Fourth"
5th Armored Division – "Victory"; probably from the Roman numeral 5, which is a "V" (for "Victory").
6th Armored Division – "Super Sixth"
7th Armored Division – "Lucky Seventh"
8th Armored Division
"Thundering Herd"
"Iron Deuce"
"Iron Snake"
"Show Horse"
"Tornado"
9th Armored Division –
"Phantom"; so dubbed by the German army at the Battle of the Bulge because, according to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the division "seemed, like a phantom, to be everywhere along the front."
"Remagen"; because the division captured intact the Ludendorf Bridge at Remagen, Germany; the first bridge across the Rhine River captured by the Allies.
10th Armored Division – "Tiger Division"; so named by Major General Paul Newgarden, the division's first commander, because a tiger has soldierly qualities, including being clean and neat and the ability to maneuver and surprise his prey.
11th Armored Division – "Thunderbolt"
12th Armored Division – "Hellcat Division" "Suicide Division" The Mystery Division"
13th Armored Division – "Black Cat"
14th Armored Division – "Liberators"; earned during the last days of World War II when it liberated some 200,000 Allied prisoners of war from German prison camps.
20th Armored Division – "Armoraiders"; not official, but the division did associate itself with this nickname while in training at Camp Campbell during World War II
27th Armored Division – "Empire"; referring to the fact that it was a New York National Guard unit, after the state's nickname.
30th Armored Division – "Volunteers"; referring to the fact that it was a Tennessee National Guard unit, after the state's nickname.
40th Armored Division – "Grizzly"; referring to the fact that it was a California National Guard unit, after the state's nickname.
48th Armored Division – "Hurricane"
49th Armored Division – "Lone Star"; referring to its status as a Texas National Guard formation, after the state's nickname.
50th Armored Division – "Jersey Blues"; referring to the fact that it was a New Jersey National Guard unit. This is today's 50th Infantry Brigade Combat Team.
Cavalry divisions
1st Cavalry Division — "The First Team" "Hell for Leather" (see: https://archive.org/details/gov.dod.dimoc.20366), "The Black Horse"
Infantry divisions
1st Infantry Division
"The Big Red One" – from the division's official shoulder patch: Red numeral "1" on an olive drab shield.
"The Fighting First"
"The Big Dead One"
2nd Infantry Division
"Warrior Division" – official nickname
"Indian Head" – Official as of 1948. From the shoulder patch: an Indian head on a white star superimposed on black shield.
3rd Infantry Division
"Rock of the Marne" and "Marne Men" – earned for the Battle of the Marne during World War I, when the division held its position and repulsed two German divisions.
"Blue and White Devils" () – during the Battle of Anzio during World War II, the division was called this nickname by their German opponents, based on their shoulder patch (a square containing three diagonal white stripes on a dark blue field).
"Broken Television" - from their shoulder patch resembling a television with static on screen.
"Dog Faced Soldiers" - from the 3rd ID Song.
4th Infantry Division
The division's patch is four ivy leaves pointing up, down, and to the sides
"Ivy" – play on the Roman numeral "IV" ("4"). Also, ivy leaves are symbolic of tenacity and fidelity, the basis of the division's motto, "Steadfast and Loyal".
"Iron Horse" – official nickname, has been recently adopted to indicate the speed and power of the division
"Famous Fighting Fourth"
"Lost Lieutenants" or "4 Lieutenants Pointing North" - a play on the division shoulder sleeve insignia and the stereotype of 2nd Lieutenants being inexperienced and unskilled.
5th Infantry Division
"Red Diamonds" – a plain red diamond or lozenge shape
"Red Devils" – during the Battle of Saint-Mihiel in World War I, the Germans referred to the division as "Die roten Teufel" (German, "The Red Devils").
6th Infantry Division
The division's patch is a red six-pointed star
"Sightseeing Sixth"
”Death Star”
”Commie Jew Division” (as described by GEN Westmoreland when it was proposed the 6th Division would be sent to Vietnam)
”Jumping Jews” (when worn with an Airborne tab, 1/501 PIR in the 1990s)
7th Infantry Division
"Bayonet Division" – this nickname "became synonymous with the division through its participation in the Korean War and symbolizes the fighting spirit of the men of the 7th Infantry division."
"H-Hour" – Shoulder patch: Red circular patch bearing black hour glass which is formed by an inverted "7" and a superimposed "7".
”The Crushed Beer Can”
8th Infantry Division
"Golden Arrow" – Official as of 1948. Shoulder patch: An upward pointing gold arrow piercing a silver figure "8" on a blue shield.
"Pathfinder Division" – Official; original nickname (supplanted by "Golden Arrow" and later reinstated), so named in honor of John C. Fremont, an explorer of California, the namesake of Camp Fremont, which is where the division was formed.
”The Eight-Up Division” (play on words and the design of the patch alluding to the Army term “ate up” which means incompetent)
9th Infantry Division
"Varsity"
"Old Reliables" – origin unknown, but some possibilities recorded here
"Psychedelic Cookie" - Used during the Vietnam War in reference to its shoulder patch.
10th Mountain Division
"Mountaineer"
”Fighting Beer Keg”
12th Infantry Division
"Carabao"
23rd Infantry Division
"Americal" - At one point in time this was the official Divisional designation, when it was redesignated as the 23rd Infantry Division, Americal became the divisional nickname. Originally formed in World War II out of separate American National Guard units on the island of New Caledonia, hence the origin of the name.
24th Infantry Division
"Taro Leaf";
25th Infantry Division
"Tropic Lightning" – Official (adopted August 3, 1953). In 1942 the division was ordered to deploy to Guadalcanal to relieve U.S. Marines there; only 31 days were required to accomplish the mission and earned the division its official designation. The Division patch is a taro leaf (indicating Hawaii, where the division was formed), and a lightning bolt, "representative of the manner in which the Division performs its allotted assignments."
"Electric Strawberry" - so called because the shoulder patch taro leaf resembles a strawberry with a lightning bolt on it.
26th Infantry Division — "Yankee"; This is today's 26th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade.
27th Infantry Division — "Empire," a legacy of the 27th Armored Division.
"O'Ryan's Roughnecks," a reference to the first division commander, John F. O'Ryan.
"New York Division." - Many members were part of the New York National Guard.
The abbreviation N.Y.D. can be seen in the division shoulder sleeve insignia. The insignia also contains an "O" for O'Ryan, as well as a depiction of the Orion constellation as a pun on O'Ryan's name. This is today's 27th Infantry Brigade Combat Team.
28th Infantry Division
"Keystone" – The badge is a red keystone; the division was formed in Pennsylvania, the "Keystone State"
"Bloody Bucket" - So called by German soldiers in World War I and World War II because the keystone shaped patch was red and resembled a bucket.
"Iron Division" - From a comment by John J. Pershing following the 1918 Battle of Château-Thierry
29th Infantry Division
"Blue and Gray" – In 1919, when shoulder sleeve insignia were first authorized, the division consisted of two masses of men, one from the North (represented by blue) and the other from the South (represented by gray).
30th Infantry Division — "Old Hickory"; This is today's 30th Heavy Brigade Combat Team.
31st Infantry Division — "Dixie";
32nd Infantry Division
"Red Arrow"; "shot through a line denoting that it pierced every battle line it ever faced"; This is today's 32nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team.
"Les Terribles" - ("The Terrible Ones" intended as a complement, given by French General Charles Mangin after their decisive action against the Germans at the WW1 Second Battle of the Marne
33rd Infantry Division
"Illinois";
"Prairie"; sometimes official nickname
"Golden Cross" - take from the design of the insignia, used as the title of the World War II history. This is today's 33rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team.
34th Infantry Division
"Red Bull" – The badge is a red bull's skull on a black background.
"Sandstorm" – the division was formed at Camp Cody, in a desertlike area of New Mexico
"Desert Bull" – sometimes used during modern deployments
35th Infantry Division
"Santa Fe" – The badge is a blue background with a white "Santa Fe cross", a device used to mark the old Santa Fe Trail, an area where the division trained
36th Infantry Division
"Arrowhead" – Official depicting insignia.
"Texas" – The division is based in Texas.
"Lone Star" – Texas is the "Lone Star State".
37th Infantry Division
"Buckeye"; This is today's 37th Infantry Brigade Combat Team.
38th Infantry Division
"Cyclone" – official. Named after a tornado hit the camp where the division was training prior to deployment during World War I.
"The Avengers of Bataan" This is today's 38th Sustainment Brigade.
40th Infantry Division
"Sunburst" – the badge is a gold sunburst on a blue background.
"Ball of Fire" - Nickname adopted during its deployment to Korea.
"Flaming Assholes" - The unofficial nickname came from the Korean War era when the unit was training in Japan. It was a combined result of disparaging remarks made by Army regulars about the National Guard division and the appearance of the unit shoulder sleeve insignia. The California Guardsmen took to their new nickname with a soldier's sense of humor, and turned it into a rallying symbol (sometimes used for the 9th Infantry Division, due to the appearance of that division's shoulder sleeve insignia).
41st Infantry Division
"Jungleers" - due to combat in the Pacific during WW II
"Sunset" - Unit patch has a half sun represents the setting sun on the Pacific. Often humorously referred to as the "Days Inn Patch" or "Thirteen Lieutenants Pointing North", this is today's 41st Infantry Brigade Combat Team.
42nd Infantry Division — "Rainbow"
43rd Infantry Division
"Red Wing"
"Winged Victory"
Named for World War II commander Leonard F. "Red" Wing
45th Infantry Division — "Thunderbird" – official nickname; This is today's 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team.
47th Infantry Division — "Viking" – a unit of the Minnesota Army National Guard.
63rd Infantry Division — "Blood and fire"; This is today's 63rd Regional Support Command.
65th Infantry Division — "Battle Axe";
66th Infantry Division — "Black Panther";
69th Infantry Division
"Fightin' 69th" – official nickname; earned after breaking through the Siegfried Line in 1945.
"Three B's" - nickname adopted during training. Humorous reference to the division's dislike of frequent bivouacking ordered by their original Commander, Charles L. Bolte.
70th Infantry Division — "Trailblazer";
71st Infantry Division — "Red Circle";
76th Infantry Division — "Onaway";
77th Infantry Division — "Metropolitan" or "Liberty"; This is today's 77th Sustainment Brigade.
78th Infantry Division — "Lightning";
79th Infantry Division — "Cross of Lorraine";
80th Infantry Division — "Blue Ridge"; This is today's 80th Training Command.
81st Infantry Division — "Wildcat"; This is today's 81st Regional Support Command.
83rd Infantry Division
"Ohio" –
"Ragtag Circus" – Ostensibly because of the vehicles the division commandeered from French and German sources, including a concrete mixer and fire truck, to transport troops into Germany during World War II.
84th Infantry Division — "Railsplitters"; This is today's 84th Training Command.
85th Infantry Division — "Custer"; This is today's 85th Support Command.
86th Infantry Division — "Blackhawk";
87th Infantry Division — "Golden Acorn"; This is today's 87th Support Command.
88th Infantry Division
"Blue Devils";
"Cloverleaf";
"The Puckering Butthole" – Due to the shape of the patch, a pair of crossed numeral 8's;
"8 Across and 8 Up!" – A play on military slang, insinuating that the quality of the division is low; This is today's 88th Regional Support Command.
89th Infantry Division
"Rolling 'W'"
"Middle West";
90th Infantry Division — "Tough 'Ombres" – Due to the members of the division being from the Texas-Oklahoma area, close to Mexico.
91st Infantry Division — "Powder River";
92nd Infantry Division
"Buffalo" – a racially segregated African-American formation, named for the famed Buffalo Soldiers of the late 1800s.
93rd Infantry Division
"Red Hand"; "Adrians"; "Blue Helmets"
94th Infantry Division
"Neuf Cats" – a play on the division's ordinal numbers ("94") rendered into French ("neuf-quatre")
95th Infantry Division
"Iron Men of Metz" -from the siege of the town of Metz in eastern France during World War II.
"Victory"
"OK";
96th Infantry Division — "Deadeye";
97th Infantry Division — "Trident";
98th Infantry Division — "Iroquois";
99th Infantry Division — "Checkerboard"; This is today's 99th Regional Support Command.
100th Infantry Division — "Century";
102nd Infantry Division — "Ozark";
103rd Infantry Division — "Cactus";
104th Infantry Division — "Timberwolf";
106th Infantry Division — "Golden Lion"
See also
List of nicknames of British Army regiments
List of warships by nickname
Lists of nicknames – nickname list articles on Wikipedia
Regimental nicknames of the Canadian Forces
References
Sources
The Institute of Heraldry, Office of the Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army
United States Army
Division nicknames
United States Army divisions
United States Army
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3994428
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny%20Nguyen
|
Danny Nguyen
|
Danny Nguyen (born January 8 in Vietnam) is a poker dealer and poker player from San Jose, California.
Nguyen moved to America in 1981, and went on to win the $1,025,000 first prize at the Season Three World Poker Tour Bay 101 Shooting Stars event, personally eliminating all five of his final table opponents including Gus Hansen and Men Nguyen.
Nguyen's WPT win was notable for the numerous outdraws and bad beats he put on his opponents while at the final table.
During one hand, Danny called a raise of $28,000 from Gus Hansen. Danny held 4♣ 3♣, while Gus held A♦ 7♥. The flop read 2♦ K♣ A♠. Corey Cheresnick, who was also in the hand, holding K♥ 10♦, lead out on the flop and bet $100,000 after Danny checked. Gus called the bet, and Danny, with little more than a gutshot straight draw, (needing a five to complete his straight) also called the bet. When the turn brought the J♠, Danny bet $100,000. Corey folded his pair of Kings, but Gus called with top pair (Aces). The river brought the 5♠, allowing Danny to make his straight. But when Danny checked, Gus also checked. When Danny turned over the 4♣ 3♣, Gus, looking somewhat stunned, simply said, "I can't beat it," as he mucked his cards. According to the WPT hand update on-screen, the odds of catching the 5 for a straight on the river were 9:1.
In a later hand, Danny called an all-in bet from Men "The Master" Nguyen (no relation). Danny held J♥ J♣, and Men held Q♥ Q♦, making "The Master" a 78% favorite preflop to win the hand against Danny's 22%. The board read 3♣ 6♣ 2♦ J♠ J♦ giving Danny four of a kind, thus knocking out "The Master" in sixth place.
On another hand, Danny pushed all of his remaining chips into the pot and his all in was called by Shandor Szentkuti. Danny held A♦ 7♦, while Shandor held A♠ K♣. The flop brought 5♥ K♥ 5♠, making Shandor a more than 99% favorite to win the hand, leaving Danny with only 1/2%, however the turn brought a 7♣, and the river brought the 7♠, giving Danny a full house and the win. According to the WPT hand update on-screen, the odds of catching running 7's for the win were 274:1.
And on the final hand of heads-up against his opponent Dr. Jay Martens, Danny called Jay's all-in bet while holding 4♥ 3♦, and Martens held K♠ 4♦, making Martens a 70% favorite preflop. But the board read 9♥ 2♥ 10♥ 7♣ 3♣, giving Danny a pair of threes and winning him the top prize of $1,025,000 and a World Poker Tour title.
As of 2008, his total live tournament winnings exceed $1,100,000.
References
External links
American poker players
Living people
Vietnamese poker players
World Poker Tour winners
Year of birth missing (living people)
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3994432
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall%20Hibbard
|
Hall Hibbard
|
Hall Livingstone Hibbard (July 26, 1903 – June 6, 1996) was an engineer and administrator of the Lockheed Corporation beginning with the company's purchase by a board of investors led by Robert E. Gross in 1932. Born in Kansas, he received a bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics at the College of Emporia in 1925. He graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology two years later. He worked for Stearman as a draftsman, before joining Robert Gross' Viking Flying Boat Company. He served on the board of the newly revived Lockheed Corporation and led the design departments as chief engineer. Engineers such as Clarence "Kelly" Johnson and Willis Hawkins worked under him.
He died in 1996 in Los Angeles at the age of 92.
References
Boyne, Walter J., Beyond the Horizons: The Lockheed Story. St. Martin's Press: New York, 1998.
1903 births
1996 deaths
People from Kansas
Emporia State University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
American aerospace engineers
Businesspeople in aviation
Lockheed people
20th-century American engineers
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3994434
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Peter%27s%20Church%2C%20Leckhampton
|
St Peter's Church, Leckhampton
|
St Peter's Church, Leckhampton is the Church of England parish church in Leckhampton, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. The church belongs to the Diocese of Gloucester, and is a member of the developing group of South Cheltenham Churches along with St Philip and St James Church, Leckhampton, St Christopher, Warden Hill, and St Stephen's and Emmanuel.
History
The present church, including the nave, sanctuary, south aisle, and spire, is thought to have been built by Sir John Giffard, Lord of the Manor of Leckhampton, in the 14th century. He and his wife are commemorated by effigies in the church. There must have been an earlier church on the site, since in 1162 one of its priests was fined two shillings for non-payment of dues to the Canons of Cirencester Abbey by Archbishop Thomas Becket.
The church was enlarged in the 1860s by the addition of a north aisle and the lengthening of the nave at the west end, under the direction of the architect John Middleton. With the expansion of the local population, part of the medieval parish containing much of the 19th century residential development was detached to form the new parish of St Philip and St James.
The church has a ring of eight bells, and an organ built by Hill, Norman and Beard in 1936 (modified 2000). The churchyard contains a memorial to Dr Edward Wilson, who died on Scott's last Antarctic expedition.
The churchyard contains the war graves of eight service personnel of World War I and three of World War II. Also buried here are Major Henry Duberly (1822-1890) and his wife Fanny Duberly (1829–1902), who accompanied her husband during the Crimean War and the Indian Mutiny.
See also
Leckhampton Court
References
External links
Leckhampton
Leckhapmton Saint Peter
Leckhapmton Saint Peter
Leckhampton
Churches in Cheltenham
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3994439
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Wiese
|
Chris Wiese
|
Chris Wiese is a role-playing game designer.
Career
Chris Wiese began in the gaming industry as the marketing director and acting CEO of Holistic Design. He is one of the current partners in the company. He has made contributions to a number of their products, most particularly in the design of deck plans such as the Letters of Marque starship line, along with Space Station Cirrus. He is the co-designer (with Ken Lightner) of Noble Armada, a miniatures game based on the flagship Holistic RPG Fading Suns. He also was the primary developer for their other miniatures lines including Carnage and Fantasy Encounters.
He has also worked heavily with the miniatures company Metal Express LLC.
Under his tenure as vice president of GAMA, he more than doubled the income of the Origins Game Fair. With the retirement of the previous president, he was elected president. However, controversy over the wording over reforms to the GAMA charter, in part due to an effort led by Ryan Dancey, led to a complete changeover of personnel the following year.
Weise is the co-author of Dark Between the Stars and Merchants of the Jumpweb. His other credits include the Living Force Campaign Guide (2001) for the Star Wars Roleplaying Game Revised Edition, and the Fading Suns Player's Guide (Revised Edition, 2012)
After Holistic shut down production, Wiese remained President of the company, and continued spending time with GAMA and his own new company, World Builders.
References
External links
Official Holistic Design website
GAMA Website
Living people
Role-playing game designers
Year of birth missing (living people)
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3994440
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Young%20%28rugby%20league%29
|
Peter Young (rugby league)
|
Peter Young (born in Sydney, New South Wales) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer for the Western Suburbs Magpies in the Australian New South Wales Rugby League premiership competition. Young played front row for the magpies in the number 13 jersey throughout his career.
Career playing statistics
Point scoring summary
Matches played
References
External links
Profile at Rugby League Project
Rugby league players from Sydney
Living people
Western Suburbs Magpies players
Year of birth missing (living people)
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5388325
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acuity%20Insurance
|
Acuity Insurance
|
Acuity Insurance is a mutual insurance company headquartered in Sheboygan, Wisconsin.
Overview
Acuity Insurance is the 56th-largest insurer in the United States.
They do not sell insurance directly, instead relying on independent agents.
The company operates in 29 states, generates over $1.5 billion in revenue through more than 1,000 independent agencies, manages over $5.5 billion in assets, and employs approximately 1,500 people. Acuity Insurance is rated A+ (Superior) by A.M. Best and also receives an A+ rating from Standard and Poor's. In 2021, Acuity was named on Forbes America’s Best Midsize Employers list, as well as being ranked by Forbes as the best employer in Wisconsin.
History
Early Years
In 1925, a group of farmers and small town business men from Sheboygan County came together to form the Mutual Auto Insurance Company of the Town of Herman. The formation of the company came at a time when direct writers, mutual companies that sold insurance to farmers and others in specific agricultural businesses, as well as ownership of personal automobiles, were on the rise. The next year, in 1926, William J. Prietzel became the first president and CEO of Mutual Auto Insurance, and would remain in this position for 33 years.
The 1950's would end up being a decade of many changes for the company. First, the company changed its name to Mutual Auto of Wisconsin in 1953. This name would only last for 4 years, as the company was renamed to Heritage Mutual Insurance Company in 1957.
The Marvin Hessler Era
In 1959, Marvin C. Hessler was named the president and CEO of Heritage Mutual, after the sudden death of Prietzel. Hessler was the treasurer of Heritage at the time, as well as another longtime member of the company with over 25 years of involvement at the time he took up the mantle of leadership.
Hessler most notably played an important role in the company's negotiations with the Citizens Bank of Sheboygan to purchase their new corporate office. In 1960, the company finished its move to Sheboygan.
The John Holden Era
In 1969, Wisconsin attorney John R. Holden became the president and CEO of Heritage Mutual. Holden was instrumental in moving Heritage's headquarters to Sheboygan's southwest side along Interstate 43, where it sits today. At the time of the company's initial move in 1979, he was quoted in The Sheboygan Press saying, "Ninety-nine percent of the people passing Sheboygan will never see the downtown, but will view it from I-43. We think what they should see is our company building and grounds … and I think it will be a favorable recollection." Heritage Mutual completed its move to its current location in 1984.
Holden served as President and CEO from 1969 to 1999. During this time, the company's written premium grew from just over $7 million to $249 million. Under his leadership, much of the groundwork for the company's later growth and expansion were set.
The Ben Salzmann Era
In August 1999, Holden stepped down from the presidency. Ben Salzmann, the current Vice President of Technology at the time, became the new president and CEO. The company would change its name to Acuity Insurance in 2001.
The company opened a $39 million addition to its headquarters in 2004. The addition added 262,000 square feet (24,300 m2) to the facility and renovated about 20,000 square feet (2,000 m2) of space.
In 2022, Acuity was named to Forbes’s Best Midsize Employers list. The company was ranked at #26 out of 500 companies on the list, a more than 400-point jump for the insurer over 2021.
COVID-19
In 2020, the Covid-19 crisis hit the United States. When the nationwide Stay-at-Home order was given in March 2020, Acuity remained open and operational. This was thanks in due part to the company's approach on remote work technology and procedures, as well as flex hour options for employees. Throughout 2020 and 2021, Acuity would operate on a work-from-home basis, providing their employees with necessary equipment, gift cards, and other presents.
Acuity received universal praise for their handling of the Covid-19 crisis, with Ben Salzmann being ranked as the 8th Best CEO in the United States during the pandemic. Employees would also rank Acuity as the best company for work-life balance during Covid-19.
Flagpoles
Acuity Insurance raised the tallest flagpole in the United States on July 2, 2005. The steel pole was high, wide at the base, weighed 65 tons (without the flag), and was sunk into a 550-cubic yard block of concrete that was deep, wide and reinforced by steel rods. The American flag was by , or 7,200 square feet (670 m2).
Each star was high and each stripe was feet wide. It weighed . This flag and flagpole outdid an earlier Acuity record, a flag raised June 2, 2003, atop a flagpole. The new flagpole was a replacement; the old pole toppled over due to stress and high winds, falling away from nearby Interstate 43. The new flagpole was designed with extra bracing and placed much farther from the highway. A powered hoist raises the flag at per minute, regardless of wind conditions, and is synchronized so that the flag reaches the top of the pole just as the Star Spangled Banner ends. On October 4, 2007 it was announced that the flag pole would yet again be rebuilt to allow access to the beacon marker on top in case of light bulb replacement. The flag was rebuilt and the top section finished on April 4, 2008. On April 7, 2008 the pole, without a flag yet flying, began swaying noticeably during relatively low wind speeds. On April 8, 2008 the ball and top section were again removed, followed by a full removal of the pole.
In April 2014, Acuity Insurance announced another attempt at the nation's largest flagpole to be erected by that year's Fourth of July, this time with a pole built in Manitowoc, WI by wind turbine manufacturer Broadwind Energy. The flag to be hoisted will measure x, with an LED lighting system designed to be visible from Cedar Grove south and much heavier reinforcement of the pole structure. The new flag pole stands tall. A by flag was raised for the first time on May 22, 2014. The pole has a concrete base spanning wide at the bottom, with the top portion able to retract into the bottom portion like a whip antenna in high wind conditions.
In November 2015, Acuity Insurance began flying a by flag. The new flag at Acuity Insurance, covering nearly 10,000 square feet, features stripes that are over 5 feet high and stars that are nearly 3 feet across. Weighing 340 pounds dry, the nylon flag requires 72 cubic feet of storage space when not being flown. The flag is the world's largest free-flying American flag.
On June 2, 2020, the flag was severely damaged during a heavy storm. Several red and white stripes were torn away.
Gallery
References
External links
Official website
Dun & Bradstreet Overview
Financial services companies established in 1925
Companies based in Wisconsin
Insurance companies of the United States
Buildings and structures in Sheboygan, Wisconsin
1925 establishments in Wisconsin
Mutual insurance companies of the United States
American companies established in 1925
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5388343
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acuity
|
Acuity
|
Acuity may refer to:
Visual acuity, the behavioral ability to resolve fine image details
Tactile acuity, the ability to resolve fine spatial details of an object with the sense of touch
Acuity Brands, a lighting and building management firm headquartered in Atlanta, GA., with operations throughout North America and in Europe and Asia.
Acuity Advisors Limited, a technology corporate finance company with headquarters in London, UK
Acuity Insurance, an insurance company with headquarters in Sheboygan, Wisconsin
Acuity Solutions, a manufacturing consulting company with headquarters in Tigard, Oregon
Acuity (Health Care), Level of Care (Full-Time / Quarter Time care per patient). To prioritize patient care based on the acuity of a patient's presenting symptoms/conditions during triage
, a British coaster
ACUITY, an acronym for "Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy"
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3994444
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie-Nielsen%20Toolworks
|
Lie-Nielsen Toolworks
|
Lie-Nielsen Toolworks, Inc. is a family-owned business, established in 1981 and based in Warren, Maine. It manufactures a range of high quality hand tools, primarily for woodworking, based on traditional designs. It is best known for its hand planes. Thomas Lie-Nielsen is the founder and CEO of Lie-Nielsen Toolworks.
History
In the late 1970s, Thomas Lie-Nielsen (pronounced "Lee-Neelsen") worked for Garry Chinn's company, Garrett Wade. In 1981, Garrett Wade's supplier of an adapted Stanley #95 edge trimming block plane, Ken Wisner, was ready to leave the business, so Lie-Nielsen acquired the tooling, plans and components necessary for producing the #95.
Lie-Nielsen moved from New York to a farm in West Rockport, Maine, and began production of the plane in a tiny back-yard shed. The first of the new planes was delivered to Chinn in the autumn of 1981.
A few years later, Lie-Nielsen moved into a workshop on the farm, and started production on his second plane, the skew-angle block plane. In 1988, as business grew, Lie-Nielsen bought an building in the town of Warren, Maine, which the company still occupies. In the mid-1990s, Lie-Nielsen moved the entire production to a facility.
Today, the Lie-Nielsen Toolworks products compete with mass-produced tools from companies such as Stanley and Record, with sales in the order of 20,000 tools a year. The acquisition of the Independence Tool Co. in 1998 added hand saws to the product line, which has further expanded over the years to include over 50 different models of planes, in addition to spokeshaves, socket chisels, screwdrivers, marking and measuring devices and workbench hardware.
Construction
Lie-Nielsen uses manganese bronze and ductile iron castings, and cryogenically treated A-2 steel.
Manganese bronze, a very hard, strong alloy, is the material of choice for Lie-Nielsen tools because it is heavier than iron, doesn't rust, and won't crack if dropped. Where the use of bronze would result in excessive weight in a tool, ductile iron is used instead.
Lie-Nielsen products are expensive when compared to the mass-produced items from the likes of Stanley and Record, but these higher prices are often defended by comparing them with the prices paid 100 years ago for such tools as Norris infill planes, which could cost up to "a couple of weeks' wages".
References
External links
Tool manufacturing companies of the United States
Woodworking
Companies established in 1981
1981 establishments in Maine
Companies based in Knox County, Maine
Warren, Maine
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5388344
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Meolans
|
José Meolans
|
José Martin Meolans (born June 22, 1978 in Córdoba) is a freestyle swimmer from Argentina, who won the world title in the 50 metre freestyle at the 2002 FINA Short Course World Championships in Moscow, Russia.
A year later he won 100m freestyle at the 2003 Pan American Games. Meolans, a member of the swimming team at the Club Atlético River Plate, is trained by Orlando Moccagatta. He competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1996.
In the 24th International Championship held on 2006 in Porto, Portugal, he won two gold medals in freestyle: 50 metres (23.14 sec) and 100 (50.66 sec). He also finished third at the 2006 FINA Short Course World Championships in 100 metre freestyle.
See also
Argentine records in swimming
South American records in swimming
References
External links
1978 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Córdoba, Argentina
Argentine male freestyle swimmers
Pan American Games gold medalists for Argentina
Argentine male swimmers
Olympic swimmers of Argentina
Swimmers at the 1995 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1999 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 2003 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 2007 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)
Pan American Games silver medalists for Argentina
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Argentina
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Goodwill Games medalists in swimming
South American Games gold medalists for Argentina
South American Games medalists in swimming
Competitors at the 2006 South American Games
Competitors at the 2001 Goodwill Games
Medalists at the 1999 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2003 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games
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3994454
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists%20of%20presidents
|
Lists of presidents
|
The following lists of presidents are available:
Current presidents
List of current presidents
Supra-national organisations
Central American Parliament
Council of Europe
Economic Community of West African States Commission
European Union institutions
European Central Bank
European Commission
European Court of Justice
European Investment Bank
International Olympic Committee
Pan-African Parliament
Union of South American Nations
United Nations General Assembly
United Nations Security Council
UN member countries
Former states
Biafra
Confederate States of America
Czechoslovakia
Ichkeria, Chechen Republic of
Orange Free State
Republic of the Rio Grande
Rhodesia
Spain, Second Republic of (Republican Spain)
South Yemen
Soviet Union
Tanganyika
Texas, Republic of
Yucatán, Republic of
Yugoslavia
Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Other states
Abkhazia
Ambazonia
Artsakh
Bougainville
British Virgin Islands
China, Republic of (Taiwan)
Donetsk, People's Republic of
Guadeloupe
Kosovo
Kurdistan
Luhansk, People's Republic of
Northern Cyprus
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Somaliland
South Ossetia
Palestine, State of
Transnistria
Other organisations
American Statistical Association
British Computer Society
College of William & Mary
FIFA
Geological Society of London
Institute of Structural Engineers
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Electrical Engineers
Institution of Mathematical Statistics
National Organization for Women
Royal College of Physicians
Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
Royal Society of Medicine
Royal Society
Royal Statistical Society
University of Central Florida
University of South Carolina
See also
Fictional presidents
Lists of fictional presidents of the United States
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3994459
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umingmaktok
|
Umingmaktok
|
Umingmaktok (Inuinnaqtun: Umingmaktuuq, "he or she caught a muskox") is a now abandoned settlement located in Bathurst Inlet in the Kitikmeot Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. The community was previously known as Bay Chimo and the Inuit refer to the community as Umingmaktuuq ("like a musk ox").
The traditional language of the area was Inuinnaqtun and is written using the Latin alphabet rather than the syllabics of the Inuktitut writing system. Like Cambridge Bay, Bathurst Inlet and Kugluktuk syllabics are rarely seen and used mainly by the Government of Nunavut.
Situated at the site of a deserted Hudson's Bay Company post, the community was formed as an outpost camp by Inuit families that wanted to live a more traditional lifestyle. The area around Umingmaktuuq is said to be rich in wildlife such as the Arctic fox, fur seals, barren-ground caribou, Arctic char and muskox.
With less than two dozen residents, Umingmaktuuq was one of the smallest permanent non-military communities in Nunavut. At one time the community had a school that provided education up to Grade 6. Later, any students were flown to Cambridge Bay and returned to the community only for the summer and Christmas.
The community had no electricity other than that provided by portable generators, and communication with the outside world was by satellite phone. The only access to the community was by chartered aircraft, and the landing strip divided Umingmaktuuq in half. On one side was the old Hudson's Bay Company buildings and the Co-op store. On the other side was the main residential area.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Umingmaktok had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, no change from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
See also
List of communities in Nunavut
References
Regional Analysis of the West Kitikmeot
Nunavut Handbook - Joe Otokiak
Office of the Languages Commissioner of Nunavut - PDF Dialect Map
Office of the Languages Commissioner of Nunavut - Writing systems
Further reading
Lee, John. Wolverine Harvest and Carcass Collection Coppermine, Bay Chimo and Bathurst Inlet, 1992/93. Yellowknife, NWT: Dept. of Renewable Resources, Govt. of Northwest Territories, 1994.
External links
E-mail in Bay Chimo
Ghost towns in Nunavut
Road-inaccessible communities of Nunavut
Hudson's Bay Company trading posts in Nunavut
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3994461
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairfield%20Beach
|
Fairfield Beach
|
Fairfield Beach may refer to:
Fairfield Beach, Connecticut
Fairfield Beach, Ohio
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5388358
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20squadrons%20in%20the%20New%20Zealand%20Air%20Training%20Corps
|
List of squadrons in the New Zealand Air Training Corps
|
This is a list of units in the New Zealand Air Training Corps.
Each unit is led and managed by the Cadet Unit Commander, and their officers and staff.
There are currently 49 Air Training Corps units in New Zealand.
Former Units
See also
New Zealand Air Training Corps
New Zealand Cadet Forces
References
Air Training Corps, New Zealand
New Zealand Air Training Corps
New Zealand military-related lists
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5388383
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land%20of%20the%20Lost%20%28radio%20series%29
|
Land of the Lost (radio series)
|
Land of the Lost was a 1940s radio fantasy adventure, written and narrated by Isabel Manning Hewson, about the adventures of two children who traveled underwater with the fatherly fish Red Lantern. Each week the show opened with the line, "In that wonderful kingdom at the bottom of the sea...", and then Red Lantern showed Billy and Isabel where different lost objects were stored beneath the waves.
The Land of the Lost radio series aired from 1943 to 1948 on the Mutual Broadcasting System and ABC. Betty Jane Tyler was the voice of the young Isabel, and Ray Ives was the voice of Billy. Several actors voiced Red Lantern, including Art Carney, Junius Matthews and William Keene. The announcer was Michael Fitzmaurice, and Cyril Armbrister directed.
With music by John Winters and lyrics by Barbara Miller, Peggy Marshall did the vocal arrangements. Organist Bob Hamilton provided background music.
A pioneer female radio commentor prior to Land of the Lost, Hewson did a food shopping show, Morning Market Basket, on the NBC Red network during World War II. She launched Land of the Lost October 9, 1943, and it was broadcast Saturday mornings at 11:30am on the ABC Blue network until September 22, 1945. In 1944, it also was on ABC Tuesdays at 7:00pm from July 4 until October 3. On October 14, 1945, the series moved to Mutual, where it was heard until July 6, 1946 (Sundays at 3:30 until mid-January and then Saturdays at 11:30am). Sponsored by Bosco, Land of the Lost aired on ABC from October 11, 1947 until the end of the run on July 3, 1948.
Book
Illustrated by Olive Bailey, the children's book, Land of the Lost, was published by Whittlesey House (an imprint of McGraw Hill) in 1945. Hewson's story was outlined in the back cover blurb:
Billy 13, and Isabel, 11, fishing from their rowboat, catch Red Lantern, the Guiding Light of the Land of the Lost. In return for letting him go, Red Lantern takes them to the wonderful kingdom under the sea where all lost things eventually arrive. Here they find the doll Henrietta that Isabel had lost overboard and the toy soldier Sergeant Pine, who is now a captain. Then there is the villainous Kid Squid and his band of cuttlefish, who nearly prevent Isabel and Billy's return to earth. Best of all are the Knives of the Square Table, with Billy's lost Jack Knife, the Great Horn Spoon, Sir Keen Carver and Lavinia Ladle. These fascinating stories have been developed from Isabel Manning Hewson's Blue Network radio program, Land of the Lost, which, as this book goes to press, is carried on more than 80 radio stations throughout the United States. Mrs. Hewson also reports that there are more than 3500 Land of the Lost Clubs and the number is growing daily.
Born in Dayton, Ohio, Olive Bailey learned drawing from her mother while she traveled throughout the west with her family as a small child. Bailey studied painting at the University of Detroit and married the British-born artist, Arno Scheiding.
Comic books and animation
In addition to the Land of the Lost comic book series, drawn by Olive Bailey for EC Comics, Hewson's stories were animated as part of Famous Studios' Noveltoon series: Land of the Lost (1948), Land of the Lost Jewels (1950) and Land of Lost Watches (1951). Voices in these animated films included Mae Questel as Isabel (in a Canadian accent) and Rosita Wristwatch (in a Spanish accent), Jack Mercer as the Knives of the Round Table and various characters, Cecil Roy as Billy and Wally the Watch and Jackson Beck as Red Lantern and other characters.
Recordings
During the late 1940s, Columbia released on 78 rpm, The Land of the Lost, as a three-record album.
In 1950, Columbia Records issued the LP, Bongo with The Land of the Lost (Columbia JL-8503). Side one featured Dinah Shore and a supporting cast in a tale about Bongo from Walt Disney's Fun and Fancy Free. Side two, written and produced by Hewson, was a journey to the Magic Sea Kingdom.
Unfortunately, the series is not otherwise well preserved. Of the hundreds of weekly episodes originally broadcast during its five-year run, only 7 or 8 (from between April 1944 and December 1947) are known to have survived into the present day.
References
RadioGold Index: Land of the Lost
External links
Isabel Manning Hewson
American radio dramas
1943 radio programme debuts
1948 radio programme endings
American children's radio programs
History of Dayton, Ohio
Mutual Broadcasting System programs
ABC radio programs
Comics based on radio series
Fantasy comics
Fantasy radio programs
EC Comics publications
Radio programs adapted into films
Radio programs adapted into comics
Radio programs adapted into novels
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3994466
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy%20Mustang
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Roy Mustang
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is a fictional character from the Fullmetal Alchemist manga series and its adaptations created by Hiromu Arakawa. In the series, Mustang is a State Alchemist of Amestris' State Military, as well as the superior of the series' protagonist, Edward Elric. Mustang holds the title of for his ability to create fire with alchemy, and he ambitiously strives to become the next leader of Amestris. Despite his ambition, as the series continues, Mustang decides to overthrow the State Military after his best friend, Maes Hughes, is killed by the homunculi, who are controlling the Military.
Besides his appearances in the manga and the anime, Mustang has also been featured in other media for the series, such as Makoto Inoue's light novels, the original video animations and the Fullmetal Alchemist video games. Since his introduction in the manga series, Mustang has been well received by readers, appearing second in each popularity poll for the series. His character has also received praise in various outside media, with many of them focusing on his character and development in both manga and anime.
Appearances
Roy Mustang is introduced in Fullmetal Alchemist as a 29-year-old State Alchemist working for Amestris' State Military and as Edward Elric's superior. Outwardly arrogant and playfully manipulative, Mustang is intelligent and adaptable. At the beginning of the series, he appears as a ruthless careerist and a womanizer. He is also eventually shown to be a rather paternal commander who greatly cares for the emotional and physical well-being of his men, which earns him the fierce loyalty of his subordinates. This paternal nature stems from his experience in the Ishbal Civil War, where he was forced to kill using his flame alchemy, despite having learned it to help people. Angered with how he was used in the war, Mustang resolved to become the country's next leader. An extremely powerful alchemist in his own right, Mustang wears gloves made from "ignition cloth" with transmutation circles that create sparks or flames when he rubs his fingers together. By adjusting the oxygen densities in the surrounding atmosphere through alchemy, he can create flames anywhere in the surrounding area at will and manipulate them as he desires with "pinpoint accuracy". While it is often commented that Mustang is unable to produce fire with his gloves wet, he can as long as he has some way to call up flame.
Following the death of his best friend, Lieutenant Colonel Maes Hughes, Mustang investigates the incident in secret despite the military closing the case after convicting Maria Ross. Trusting in Ross's innocence, Mustang fakes Ross's death and engineers her escape from Amestris. While breaking into a military laboratory, Mustang kills Lust, an immortal creature known as a homunculus, who was investigating his actions and was going to kill subordinates. Recovering from his wounds, Mustang learns that the Führer King Bradley is also a homunculus and tries to expose him to the top echelons of the military. This move costs Mustang and deprives him of his subordinates - Bradley places Hawkeye, Mustang's adjutant, under his command and authorizes the transfer of Mustang's remaining personnel to the far reaches of Amestris.
Mustang is later contacted by General Olivier Armstrong, who is intending to join forces with various troops to attack Central City, the capital of Amestris. He then meets up with his subordinates, and the four attack Central's military while Bradley is gone. Mustang later confronts the homunculus Envy after learning that he was Hughes' true murderer; fueled by rage, Mustang easily defeats Envy. As Mustang prepares to finish Envy off, he is convinced by Hawkeye, Edward, and Scar not to kill him and allow his own thirst for vengeance to consume him. Later, the homunculi attack Mustang, forcing him to use alchemy to become the fifth human sacrifice needed for their leader. This results in Mustang losing his eyesight as part of the sacrifice, although he continues to fight with Hawkeye to help him direct his attacks. However, after the final fight is over, a former comrade, Tim Marcoh, offers to use a Philosopher's Stone to restore Mustang's eyesight on the condition that he promises that he will be a part of a movement to restore Ishbal. Mustang accepts and is put in charge of the East region as brigadier general.
In the first anime
During the first anime, Mustang remains at Eastern Headquarters for the early portions of the series until he is transferred back to Central after Hughes' death. When pursuing the Elrics after the Stone's creation in Liore, Mustang learns that the Führer is a homunculus, and tries to expose him to the top brass of the military by revealing the truth about the Führer's secretary, Juliet Douglas. Although Bradley intends for him to die in combat during the Northern Campaign, Mustang instead stays in Central, making his move to avenge Hughes. Mustang then moves on to the Führer's mansion and stages his fight. Mustang is able to defeat Bradley when his son, Selim, unwittingly brings the skull of the man from which the Führer was created and weakens Bradley. As Mustang escapes the Führer's mansion, he is confronted by a maniacal Frank Archer, who shoots him. Hawkeye arrives in time to save Mustang and kills Archer.
In Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa, Mustang resigns from both alchemy and his rank to become an ordinary enlisted man in a remote outpost. However, when Central is under attack by armies and airships from a parallel universe, Mustang steps up and takes command, using his alchemy to defend Central. Mustang and his comrade Alex Louis Armstrong are able to find a hot-air balloon to reach the airships, where he is reunited with the Elric brothers, and helps them gain entry into the airship. At the end of the movie, Al says that Mustang and his team are now responsible for destroying the Amestris side of the Gate.
In other media
Besides his appearances in the manga and the anime, Mustang also appears in most of the Fullmetal Alchemist original video animations, which are omake of the first anime and the film sequel. In the fourth light novel of the series written by Makoto Inoue, Fullmetal Alchemist: Under the Faraway Sky, Mustang, Hughes, and Armstrong find a village populated by children while they are on holidays. In the following title, Mustang appears investigating a case involving chimeras. In video games of the series, Mustang commonly appears as a supporting character in the Elric brothers' investigation of the Philosopher's Stone. He is also featured in several cards of the Fullmetal Alchemist Trading Card Game. Mustang's character is featured in the second volume of the character CDs series from Fullmetal Alchemist. The CD was published on December 15, 2004, under the name of Hagaren Song File - Roy Mustang. The tracks were composed by Kazuya Nishioka and performed by Toru Okawa, Mustang's Japanese voice actor in the first Fullmetal Alchemist anime. Additionally, Mustang is portrayed by Dean Fujioka in the live-action film based on the series.
Creation and conception
Before Fullmetal Alchemist started publication, Arakawa had already thought that during the series, Mustang and his soldiers would fight against the antagonist Lust. She wanted that fight to be one of Mustang's most impressive scenes in the series, so she decided to give him calmer situations before writing such a scene. Having had only one important scene before his fight against Lust made readers of the series criticize Mustang's appearances; in order to change the readers' opinions about him before the outcome, Arakawa set up the sub-plot of how Maria Ross was accused of killing Maes Hughes and Mustang would intervene there. When King Bradley was revealed to be an antagonist, Arakawa wanted to differentiate the two characters via their treatment of their subordinates, with Mustang being unwilling to sacrifice them, unlike Bradley. Arakawa had trouble depicting this, feeling it was an important part of the series, and was unsure whether the result was good.
When the first guidebook of the series was released, Arakawa was surprised by the large number of images featuring Mustang and supposed he was a character "that's easy to mess with." Regarding Mustang's popularity within fans, Arakawa stated that while some consider him good-looking, it is still above average and that he was not too tall. While checking sketches she made before the series, Arakawa commented that most featuring Mustang are comical, with few of them showing him with a serious expression.
In the first Fullmetal Alchemist anime series, Mustang was voiced by Toru Okawa, while in the second anime, Okawa was replaced by Shin-ichiro Miki. In the English dub of the first and second anime, Mustang was voiced by Travis Willingham. Willingham first auditioned for the part of Mustang after Justin Cook said he would be just right for the role. He also auditioned for Armstrong, which was cast to Christopher Sabat. Willingham also stated that during production, he and Vic Mignogna re-recorded several parts as he was not satisfied with the result.
Reception
During January from 2007, Oricon made a poll in which they asked Japanese fans which characters from any series they would most like to see in spin-off series. In the survey "Men's choices", Mustang ranked sixth. In the July 2009 issue of Newtype, Mustang ranked sixth in the survey best anime male characters. In the August 2009 issue his rank changed to #8. In another Newtype poll from March 2010, Mustang was voted as the eleventh most popular male anime character from the 2000s. He has ranked highly in the Animages Anime Grand Prix polls in the category of best male characters. His character has ranked second in all of the popularity polls from series developed by Monthly Shōnen Gangan, each time being surpassed by Edward Elric. Merchandising based on Mustang's likeness has also been released, including figurines, keychains and gloves for cosplaying. Shin-ichiro Miki, Mustang's Japanese voice actor in Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood, was the winner of the fourth Seiyu Awards in the category "Best Supporting Actor Awards" for his role as Mustang, as well as Mobile Suit Gundam 00s Lockon Stratos. NTT customers voted him as their eleventh favorite black-haired male anime character. In a poll by Anime News Network, he was voted as the 3rd best "guy".
Publications of manga, anime, and other media have commented on Mustang's character in both the manga and anime. While reviewing the first volume of the manga, Manga Life found that Mustang's character was more mature in the manga than in the anime. On the other hand, in the review from the first anime's last episodes, Lori Lancaster from Mania Entertainment enjoyed Mustang's relationship with Edward, comparing him to a "teasing and protective older brother". Sakura Eries from the same site noted that Mustang "steals the show" in Volume 10 of the manga, praising his fighting skills during his battle against Lust and Gluttony. Additionally, when Maria Ross was revealed in the same volume to be alive and that she was not killed by Mustang, Eries remarked on his work as leader, taking back her negative comments regarding Mustang when she thought that Mustang really killed her. These sub-plots were also commented by IGN's D. F. Smith, as they expanded Mustang's character much more than in the first anime series, where he had relatively smaller appearances. Lydia Hojnacki from PopCultureShock noted Mustang's character as one of the reasons she likes the series, noting his personality and relation with the Elric brothers. When he watched Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa, Anime News Network writer Theron Martin mentioned that when Mustang "makes his dramatic return in a cheer-out-loud moment", he remarked the audience "went wild at that point". In IGN's review of the same film, Jeremy Mullin commented that he wanted to see Mustang's counterpart from Germany, as several characters from the series had their counterparts, but then said "it does make it fun imagining what" he would be. David Smith from the same site cited his role and ambitions in the first anime series in the feature "Ten Things I Learned From Fullmetal Alchemist", which had comments on his flaws.
References
Comics characters introduced in 2001
Fictional alchemists
Fictional attempted suicides
Fictional blind characters
Fictional characters with fire or heat abilities
Fictional characters with elemental transmutation abilities
Fictional colonels
Fictional commanders
Fictional corporals
Fictional generals
Fictional lieutenant colonels
Fictional majors
Fictional soldiers
Fictional war veterans
Fictional mass murderers
Adoptee characters in anime and manga
Orphan characters in anime and manga
Fullmetal Alchemist characters
Male characters in anime and manga
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5388389
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magical%20Canan
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Magical Canan
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(also appears as Magical Kanan) is a Japanese adult visual novel developed and published by Terios. It was later adapted into two erotic OVA series and a 13-episode anime television series. Both OVA series were previously licensed for distribution in North America by NuTech Digital in 2004. Since 2006, the OVAs are licensed by Adult Source Media. The TV series has been licensed for distribution in the Philippines and dubbed in Tagalog by Hero and licensed in Taiwan by Mighty Media Co., Ltd. The game has never been licensed for distribution in North America. The anime television series has been licensed for a North American release by Discotek Media.
Plot
The plot of the story is that five dangerous "seeds" have been stolen from their vault in the world of Evergreen and sent to Earth. The magical seeds can bind themselves to humans and prey off their desires, turning them into monsters. Natsuki, an agent of Queen Tsuyuha, is sent to Earth to seek out a Magical Warrior. He and Hiiragi Chihaya, a high school girl, meet, and she transforms into Magical Senshi Carmein. Complications arise with the arrival of the obnoxious Magical Warrior Cerulean Blue, and the mysterious transfer student, Emi Kojima.
Characters
Note that the following descriptions are specific to the anime.
A high school student who works at Angel Kiss, the restaurant managed by her mother. With the help of Natsuki, she can transform into Magical Warrior Carmein (カーマイン). Carmein is Chihaya's idealized self (a more adult appearance) and she also receives magical powers while in that form.
An animal that appeared at Chihaya's school. He appears to be similar to a rabbit but is an unknown animal and the school nurse wished to dissect him when he was captured. Chihaya rescued him and took him to her house, though problems arose with her parents as animals are not permitted in the restaurant. Natsuki revealed himself to be a person from Evergreen, a magical land. He appears as an animal due to lack of magical energy. Despite his intimacy with Chihaya, she is chalk and cheese with him in the OVA, but this has been dulled down quite a lot in the anime.
A very rich girl who is Chihaya's close friend. She can transform into Magical Warrior Cerulean Blue (with the help of her partner Hazuna) and takes the form of her idealized self (being more outspoken). She has a strong bond with Hazuna, so she is very powerful as a Magical Warrior, however, this consumes much of her physical strength, so she is weak in her civilian form.
Sayaka's partner and an agent of Queen Tsuyuha. Like Natsuki, he has the ability to transform Sayaka into a Magical Warrior. His animal form is similar to a purple ferret (a yellow one in the OVA). He poses as Sayaka's private tutor. He is also Natsuki's brother.
A girl from Evergreen who transfers to Chihaya's school under the name Emi Kojima. Her real name is Septem. She is in love with Bergamot, but he is only attracted to her because of her resemblance to his wife, Emi Hiiragi. She works with Bergamot to help protect Chihaya from Fennel and Calendula. Though depicted as a heroine in the anime, in the OVA she was depicted as a villainess.
Chihaya's father. Fennel talked him into stealing the seeds from their vault. Even before that, however, he became a fugitive for eloping with the human Emi Hiiragi, who became Chihaya's mother. Eventually he comes to Earth with Septem with the intent of protecting Chihaya from Fennel. While on Earth, he poses as a teacher at Chihaya's school under the name Jounouchi.
The main antagonist of the series. He is the one behind the seeds coming to Earth. He aims to harness Chihaya/Carmein's power at its peak, infecting her and using it to destroy the world and "purify" it. On Earth he poses as the chairman of Chihaya's school.
Fennel's underling. She is responsible for infecting the individual humans with seeds. Near the end of the series, she is infected with first one, then two seeds so as to make her stronger, which ends up destroying her.
Music
Opening theme: "Magical Chodai" by Ui Miyazaki
Ending theme: "Koi Gokoro" by Ai Tokunaga
Reception
Both OVA series released on DVD by NuTech Digital, Inc. were reviewed by Chris Beveridge for the media blog Mania.com. He gave a positive review for the six-episode Magical Kanan Box Set and gave it an overall grade of "B." He gave a less positive review for the two-episode Magical Kanan Special Box Set and gave it an overall grade of "C."
See also
Papillon Rose
UFO Ultramaiden Valkyrie
References
External links
Canan official website
Kanan MxTV website—requires Flash
2000 anime OVAs
2005 anime television series debuts
Anime International Company
Discotek Media
Eroge
Hentai anime and manga
Magical girl anime and manga
Magical girl parodies
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3994484
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chendytes
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Chendytes
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Chendytes lawi is an extinct, goose-sized flightless seaduck, once common on the California coast, the California Channel Islands, and possibly southern Oregon. It lived in the Pleistocene and survived into the Holocene. It appears to have gone extinct at about 450–250 BCE. The youngest direct radiocarbon date from a Chendytes bone fragment dates to 770–400 BCE and was found in an archeological site in Ventura County. Its remains have been found in fossil deposits and in early coastal archeological sites. Archeological data from coastal California show a record of human exploitation of Chendytes lawi for at least 8,000 years. It was probably driven to extinction by hunting, animal predation, and loss of habitat. Chendytes bones have been identified in archaeological assemblages from 14 coastal sites, including two on San Miguel Island and 12 in mainland localities. Hundreds of Chendytes bones and egg shells found in Pleistocene deposits on San Miguel Island have been interpreted as evidence that some of these island fossil localities were nesting colonies, one of which Guthrie dated to about 12,000 14C years (about 13,500–13,000 calibrated years B.P.). There is nothing in the North American archaeological record indicating a span of exploitation for any megafaunal genus remotely as long as that of Chendytes.
Although originally thought to be a seaduck in the tribe Mergini, analysis of ancient DNA sequences suggests that it is a basal member and a sister to the clade of extant dabbling ducks in the tribe Anatini, revealing an additional example of convergent evolution of characters related to feeding behavior among ducks.
Head and beak morphology suggest C. lawi was an invertivore. Based on the large, robust morphology of the cervical vertebrae, skull, and bill, C. lawi specialized on sessile invertebrates and the species likely possessed "a remarkable ability to wrench off invertebrate animals attached to hard substrate".
Chendytes milleri is an extinct species of Chendytes from the Early Pleistocene. Its remains have been found on San Nicolas Island in the Channel Islands. C. milleri was named in honor of paleontologist Loye H. Miller, who first described the genus Chendytes. C. milleri is smaller than C. lawi and the wings of C. milleri had not degenerated as much as those of C. lawi.
References
Merginae
Extinct flightless birds
Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
Extinct animals of the United States
Pleistocene birds of North America
Holocene extinctions
Extinct birds of North America
Fossil taxa described in 1925
Taxa named by Loye H. Miller
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3994486
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Phipps
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Mike Phipps
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Michael Elston Phipps (born January 19, 1947) is a former American college and professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for twelve seasons during the 1970s and 1980s. Phipps played college football for Purdue University, and was recognized as an All-American. He was the third overall pick in the 1970 NFL Draft, and played professionally for the Cleveland Browns and Chicago Bears of the NFL.
Early years
Phipps was born in Shelbyville, Indiana. He attended Columbus High School in Columbus, Indiana, and played for the Columbus Bulldogs high school football team.
College career
Phipps attended Purdue University, where he played for the Purdue Boilermakers football team. He began his college career when he replaced All-American Boilermakers quarterback Bob Griese. His first major victory was a 28–21 upset of defending national champion Notre Dame Fighting Irish on September 30, 1967. Combining strong passing skills with excellent mobility helped Phipps establish a new school single-season record for total offense and earn the Boilermakers a share of the Big Ten Conference title.
The following year, Phipps suffered an ankle injury that kept him out of two games, and was overshadowed by teammate Leroy Keyes, a running back who spent all season in contention for the Heisman Trophy. The Boilermakers were the top-ranked team in the country until the Ohio State Buckeyes upset them 13–0 on October 12.
In 1969, Phipps became the focal point of Purdue's offense, throwing for five touchdowns in a 36–35 thriller over Stanford University on October 4, including throwing for a two-point conversion with three minutes left. He also defeated Notre Dame for the third consecutive year. Phipps finished second in the voting for the Heisman Trophy to Oklahoma Sooners running back Steve Owens.
He was awarded the 1969 Sammy Baugh Trophy. Phipps declined a Rhodes Scholarship to concentrate on a professional football career.
Professional career
Phipps was picked third in the 1970 NFL Draft by the Miami Dolphins, who traded him to the Cleveland Browns for All Pro wide receiver Paul Warfield on January 27, 1970. Phipps saw limited action during his first two seasons. In the team's third game of the 1970 NFL season, Phipps came off the bench to lead a 15–7 comeback victory over the Pittsburgh Steelers. However, his lone start of the year would be a 14–10 loss to the Cincinnati Bengals on November 15, 1970, as the rookie finished with 529 passing yards on the season. The following year, Phipps threw for only 179 yards and started just one contest: a 13–7 defeat to the Kansas City Chiefs on November 14.
In 1972, Phipps again began the season on the sidelines, but became the team's starting quarterback after a disappointing 26–10 opening game loss to the Green Bay Packers on September 17. He threw for 13 touchdowns and nearly 2,000 yards, helping the Browns reach the NFL playoffs. In the November 13 game against the San Diego Chargers, he led a last-minute drive to win the 21–17 contest. In the team's playoff clash against the undefeated Miami Dolphins on December 24, Phipps had led the team to a 14–13 fourth quarter lead, but his five interceptions helped end hopes of a possible upset.
The following year, he threw for nine touchdowns, but was intercepted 20 times. Despite these struggles, he engineered two late-season comebacks in a win over the Steelers and a tie against the Kansas City Chiefs. However, the Browns missed the playoffs with a 7–5–2 record. In 1974, the team collapsed with a 4–10 record, and Phipps was briefly replaced by Brian Sipe at mid-season.
The 1975 season was even more disastrous as the Browns dropped their first nine games. However, Phipps went 23 of 36 in the team's first victory, a 35–23 win over the Cincinnati Bengals on November 23 in Cleveland. Phipps threw for a personal high of 298 yards with 2 TD passes and no interceptions. Two other victories helped give hope for a turnaround the following season.
In the team's 1976 opener against the New York Jets, Phipps started the game, but suffered a separated shoulder after being tackled by the Jets' Shafer Suggs. By the time he had recovered from the injury, Sipe had established himself as the team's new leader and Phipps' time in Cleveland was soon to come to an end.
That finish came on May 3, 1977, when Phipps was traded to the Bears for a first-round draft pick in 1978, which turned out to be Hall of Fame tight end Ozzie Newsome. He saw minimal action during the 1977 NFL season, threw for two touchdowns (along with 10 interceptions) the next year, but saw his most extensive action in 1979. During that year, he threw for 1,535 yards and nine touchdowns, as he battled teammates Bob Avellini and Vince Evans for playing time.
Phipps threw for a pair of touchdowns in each of the next two seasons, but his limited role and the arrival of both quarterback Jim McMahon in the 1982 NFL draft and new coach Mike Ditka resulted in his release.
Phipps was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 2006.
References
External links
1947 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
Chicago Bears players
Cleveland Browns players
Purdue Boilermakers football players
All-American college football players
College Football Hall of Fame inductees
People from Columbus, Indiana
People from Shelbyville, Indiana
Players of American football from Indiana
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5388417
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve%20Officer%20Training%20Unit
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Reserve Officer Training Unit
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The Reserve Officer Training Unit (Abbr.: ROTU, – PALAPES) is a military programme that trains undergraduate students to be reserve officers for the Malaysian Armed Forces. Those who complete the training will be commissioned as officers in the Malaysian Armed Forces Reserve, either as Second lieutenants in the Territorial Army Regiment () and the Royal Malaysian Air Force Volunteer Reserve (), or as Acting Sub-lieutenants in the Royal Malaysian Navy Volunteer Reserve ().
History
Origin: The University of Malaya reserve army
During the Indonesia–Malaysia conflict in 1965, 30 University of Malaya students who were also alumni of the Royal Military College volunteered to enlist for military training at Siputih Training Camp in Batu Gajah, Perak, during their semester break. On 3 April 1965, the staff and lecturers of the University of Malaya formed the 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion (). Due to the lack of a military installation nearby at the time, the staff and 30 students conducted military training in a small room at the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences.
When the University of Malaya's reserve army expanded in 1969, the university constructed a five-row wooden structure at KM 8, Jalan Damansara, Kuala Lumpur, to serve as the reserve army's headquarters and training centre. This area was later dubbed "Damansara Camp". The wooden structure was built on University of Malaya's land by the Malaysian Public Works Department as part of an agreement between University of Malaya and the Ministry of Defense. As part of the agreement, the University of Malaya must share the building with the Malaysian Army. With this, the headquarters of the 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion will be shared with the 11th Infantry Division.
In 1983, the 11th Infantry Division constructed two new structures: a garage and an instructors' quarter. The 11th Infantry Division later relocated from Damansara Camp to Imphal Camp in Kuala Lumpur in 1984, leaving Damansara Camp to be managed solely by the University of Malaya.
Extend the unit to other universities
With the emergence of a communist insurgency in Malaysia in 1968, the 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion was expanded in 1970 to three other universities: MARA Institute of Technology (Now known as Universiti Teknologi MARA), University of Agriculture Malaysia (Now known as University of Putra Malaysia), and National University of Malaysia. The MARA Institute of Technology unit became A Company, 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion, the University of Agriculture Malaysia became B Company, 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion, and the National University of Malaysia became C Company, 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion, while the University of Malaya became HQ Company, 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion.
The creation of the Reserve Officer Training Unit
Brigadier General Dato' Abdul As Ismail, the Commander of the Territorial Army Regiment at the time, invited all public university vice chancellors and the Director of MARA Institute of Technology to a meeting in 1978 and expressed his desire to establish a military officer training programme at universities to train university lecturers, staff, and students. The opinion was well received, and on 18 December 1978, the Chief of Defense Forces and the Chief of the Army officially established the Reserve Officer Training Unit (: ROTU).
On 26 February 1979, the Chief of the Army convened a meeting with all public university vice chancellors and the Director of MARA Institute of Technology, and directed the universities to establish ROTU at their respective institutions. The National University of Malaysia was the first university to establish ROTU on 1 July 1979, while Professor Mohd Ghazali was appointed as the first commandant and given the honorary rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
The 1st University of Malaya Reserve Army Battalion was officially dissolved on 2 February 1980, and the University of Malaya established their ROTU on 5 February 1980, followed by the University of Agriculture Malaysia on 8 February 1980 and MARA Institute of Technology on 6 March 1980. Until 2017, 18 more ROTUs were established at other universities and institutions, three of which were MARA Institute of Technology branches. In the late 1980s, the Reserve Officer Training Unit was officially renamed the Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan, or PALAPES for short.
Navy's and Air force's version
The Navy's version of ROTU, the PALAPES Laut, was introduced in 1986 at Universiti Sains Malaysia, while the Air Force's version of ROTU, the PALAPES Udara, was introduced in 1989 at Universiti Utara Malaysia. All military branches of ROTU remain under one command, but their military training is provided by the respective military branches.
Objectives
ROTU objectives may differ between universities and institutions, but the core objectives remain the same. The core objectives are as follows:
To introduce undergraduate students to military field.
Students are trained to be disciplined and patriotic.
Providing manpower resources from higher education institutions that have been trained in the military field for the Malaysian Armed Forces, whether regular or reserves.
The Structure of ROTU at universities and institutions
The ROTU structures differ between universities and institutions. However, each university and institution has a commandant, who is an honorary position given to the vice chancellor of the university or the chief executive officer of the institution, and a deputy commandant, who is the highest position for a staff-in-charge. The Deputy Commandant is assisted by the Head Instructor, an regular officer with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel for universities with larger ROTU and Major or Lieutenant Commander for universities with smaller ROTU. There is an adjutant and a regimental sergeant major below the Head Instructor. All of them are supported by regular officers and other ranks for a variety of tasks.
In addition to regular Malaysian Armed Forces officers and other ranks, the ROTU is assisted by university lecturers or staff who were commissioned from ROTU during their learning days or are still active as reserve officers in any branch of the Malaysian Armed Forces.
Selection and training of ROTU cadets
Before being commissioned as an officer, ROTU cadets must complete three phases of training, each lasting a year. According to Malaysian government statistics from 2017, the maximum quota for total cadets for a university is 450 cadets for all three phases, with the exception of the National Defence University of Malaysia, which has a quota of 650 cadets, and the Universiti Teknologi MARA campuses, which has a quota of 105 cadets for each campus. Each year, new selections are made available to first-year students, and the number of new students admitted to the training programme is determined by the quota. This quota, however, only applies to the Army ROTU. There is no mention of any other types of ROTU.
ROTU is accessible to full-time first-year bachelor's degree students. The minimum physical requirements for males under the MK LAT CPL/SIMP 500/3/5/6 are for height, for weight, and BMI does not exceed 26.9, while females are for height, for weight, and BMI does not exceed 26.9. They must also not be colorblind. First-year students interested in joining ROTU must submit their names and wait for selection.
Selection
All ROTU branches have a three-stage selection process. The first and second stages take place in their respective universities and institutions, while the third part takes place elsewhere. At this stage, each student is known as a Bakal Pegawai Kadet, or Potential Officer Cadet in English, and is followed by their batch name, for example, Bakal Pegawai Kadet Ambilan 19.
Physical Fitness Test (Phase 1)
Each potential officer cadet must pass a series of physical fitness tests in accordance with Malaysian Armed Forces standards. Among the tests are the following:
Cardiovascular evaluation:
run in less than 15 minutes.
sprint in less than 11 seconds.
Strength evaluation:
Standing broad jump more than .
35 sit-ups in less than a minute.
Medical Examination (Phase 2)
Each potential officer cadet must be examined to ensure that they do not have any chronic conditions, such as heart disease. They were also tested for asthma, hypertension and colorblindness.
Personality Test (Phase 3)
In phase 3, potential officer cadets are directed to their ROTU branches. They must pass an interview, which is usually done at the respective military bases; for example, the Universiti Malaysia Pahang Navy ROTU went to the RMN Kuantan Naval Base.
Oath-taking ceremony
All potential officer cadets who have completed all phases must take their oath in front of the Commanding Officer of the military base before beginning their phase as an officer cadet.
Training
The ROTU training that officer cadets must undergo is determined by their ROTU branches. Depending on the year of study, their instruction is divided into three phases.
After completing all three phases of ROTU, officer cadets are commissioned as reserves officers. Undergraduate students whose programmes are only three years long will graduate from the university and continue to serve as reserves officers at military camps near them, whereas undergraduate students whose programmes are longer than three years long, such as engineering or medical programmes, can help train their ROTU units as full-fledged military officers.
Cadets benefits
Students compete for ROTU slots because of the benefits that come with being selected as a cadet and being commissioned as a military reserve officer.
Military training
Depending on the ROTU branch, cadets receive military training comparable to that of the regular army. The training is customised to the cadets' phases. In the Army ROTU, for example, cadets must learn different types of weapons based on their stage. Junior cadets must be skilled at using a combat rifle; intermediate cadets must know how to use a grenade launcher and light machine guns; and senior cadets must know how to use a general-purpose machinegun and a portable rocket launcher. Cadets in the Navy ROTU are taught seamanship and how to operate a military ship as part of a crew. Cadets in the Air Force ROTU are educated to be air force infantry while also being introduced to the RMAF's aircraft and operations.
Allowances
The allowance are paid by the Malaysian Armed Forces to the cadets. All branches of ROTU receive similar allowances. Cadets are sponsored for food in addition to financial allowances as long as they are in one of the three phases.
Hostels
This varies depending on the university or institution. Cadets are typically provided with a free three-year residence; for example, University of Putra Malaysia places all cadets at Kolej Sultan Alaeddin Suleiman Shah, or KOSASS.
Job opportunities in the armed forces
Graduates from universities or institutions who have completed their ROTU programmes can continue to serve as reserve military officers by attending reserve units near their home. For them to remain qualified as reserve military officers, they must complete at least 70% of the total annual training. Those who have been inactive for a long time can reactivate their membership by reporting to the nearest reserve camp, but they must go through the process of retaking the fitness test and providing documentation.
Graduates who have completed their ROTU programmes can also apply to work as full-time military officers in the Malaysian Armed Forces by enrolling in the Kursus Pegawai Kadet Graduan (). Aside from the military experience gained at ROTU, there are no advantages for ROTU applicants over regular undergraduate graduates for Kursus Pegawai Kadet Graduan. As a result, they are free to join any military branch, even if it is not the same as their ROTU. The Kursus Pegawai Kadet Graduan lasts 9 months.
Cadets ranks structure
The ranks of ROTU cadets are dependent on their rank in the Malaysian Army Academy, KD Sultan Idris I and Malaysian Air Force Academy. The Army and Air Force ROTU rankings are comparable, but the Navy ROTU is quite different.
Army ROTU ranks
Navy ROTU ranks
When compared to other branches' ROTUs, the Navy ROTU has a very distinct rank structure. The structure is based on KD Sultan Idris I, Malaysia's version of Britannia Royal Naval College. Both second and third-year cadets have the same rank in Malay, which is Pegawai Kadet Kanan, but the rank in English is named based on seniority. In the Navy ROTU, there are also "rank-holder" positions such as cadets' commanding officer and cadets' executive officer. The position of cadet executive officer is also known as a "Division Commander", and the number of division commanders is determined by the size of the Navy ROTU at the respective universities or institutions. In Navy ROTU, there are two divisions: Thana, denoted by the red colour, and Zain, denoted by the blue colour. For larger ROTU, the divisions can be more than two, but the names Thana and Zain are maintained. For example, Thana Alpha, Thana Bravo, Zain Alpha, and Zain Bravo.
The Malaysian Maritime Academy's Navy ROTU has a different rank structure because cadets must spend a year on a merchant ship for internship, so they skip the Junior Midshipman phase (second year). The training that they should receive during the Junior Midshipman phase was divided into two parts and completed during the first and third years.
Air Force ROTU ranks
The rank structure of the Air Force ROTU is comparable to that of the Army ROTU. The pattern of their rank epaulette is similar to that of the Army, except instead of green, the Air Force's is dark blue with yellow stripes. The word "MALAYSIA" is written in yellow at the bottom of the epaulette.
Ongoing units of ROTU
There are currently 21 universities and institutions of higher learning that have established Reserve Officer Training Units.
There is one Air Force ROTU unit at the Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, which was established in June 2004 but was officially dissolved on 7 July 2013.
See also
Reserve Officers' Training Corps
Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps – U.S. Army ROTC
Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps – U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps ROTC
Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps – U.S. Air Force and U.S. Space Force ROTC
Reserve Officers' Training Corps (Philippines)
Reserve Officers' Training Corps (South Korea)
References
Military of Malaysia
Reserve forces of Malaysia
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5388424
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac%20Tyson
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Isaac Tyson
|
Isaac Tyson Jr. (1792–1861) was a Quaker businessman from Baltimore, Maryland, who held a virtual monopoly on world supplies of chromium minerals during the mid-19th century and a very successful entrepreneur and industrialist.
The son of Baltimore flour merchant Jesse Tyson senior, and his wife Margaret, the younger Tyson studied geology, mineralogy, and chemistry in France, skills which he would use to great advantages during his industrial career.
He first began mining chromite on his farm at Bare Hills in surrounding rural Baltimore County some time after 1808. The sight of a piece of chromite being used to prop a barrel at a Bel Air market in Harford County, Maryland, led him to investigate its source. Tyson was among the first to make the connection between the occurrence of chromite and serpentine barrens, areas of sparse vegetation on metal-rich and inhospitable serpentine deposits. One of these was Soldiers Delight, near northwestern Baltimore County's Owings Mills area. Tyson began mining chromite here in 1827. He commenced buying up serpentine barrens wherever he could find them. The primary belt extended from Maryland into the southern counties of Pennsylvania, including the Nottingham, Pennsylvania serpentine barrens and the Wood Farm in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, which would become the world's largest single chromite mining site during his ownership. Having bought up all the significant chromite sites in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, Tyson found himself with a world monopoly on chromite as the original earlier discovered chromium sources in Siberia (eastern Russian Empire) petered out.
Not content to confine his efforts to chromium ores, he also prospected for copper, and investigated the Strafford, Vermont, copper mines in 1828. He was involved in the Ely Mine, and by 1830, had become a partner with the local Binney family in working copper deposits on Copperas Hill, in Strafford. He personally supervised the construction and operation of six small furnaces nearby in 1833 and 1834, hoping to introduce hot blast techniques, using hard anthracite coal, to refining copper from the refractory pyrrhotite ores of the deposit. This was a very novel venture for the time, as hot blast was only just being considered for iron smelting. The furnaces were shut down in 1835 during public riots over city bank closings or 1837 due to financial difficulties during the financial panic and recession of the time (though not any particular deficiency of his smelting methods), but he retained a half-share in mineral rights at the site, which was worked sporadically for the remainder of his life.
While prospecting for copper in Vermont, he also discovered iron ore in the valley of the Black River along the Connecticut River in 1835. He set up Tyson Furnace near Plymouth, Vermont to smelt it, and the furnace operated until his retirement in 1855.
In 1845, he established the Baltimore Chrome Works company factory on the waterfront of the Northwest Branch of the Patapsco River of the Baltimore Harbor, at the western end of the Fells Point neighborhood (near modern skyscrapers development at Harbor East in the 1990s and subsequently the site of the long-time chrome works, last owned/operated by Allied-Signal in the 1980s and renamed as "Harbor Point" with a major controversial redevelopment project proposed in 2015 over the heavily-polluted capped soil surface).
Baltimore Chrome Works was one of the largest facilities in the country then to refine the chromite into pigments, the primary use of the mineral at the time. Until then, this work had largely been done abroad, in Liverpool, England and elsewhere, and he continued to export chromite to manufacturers there. The expansion into pigment production helped cushion the shock when chromite deposits were discovered in Asia Minor (modern Turkey) in 1848 and began to supplant U.S. chromium ores. He continued iron and copper explorations, opening the Springfield Mine for those two metals in Sykesville, Maryland in southern Carroll County, just west of Bare Hills in 1849.
Tyson married Hannah A. Wood, by whom he had at least four children:
Rachel Tyson (1807?–1883), married John Jackson and established the Sharon Female Academy in Sharon, Pennsylvania
Richard W. Tyson
Jesse Tyson (1826–1906)
James Wood Tyson (1828–1900)
He purchased a large mansion townhouse on East Baltimore Street near Lloyd Street in the Old Town neighborhood, just east of the Jones Falls, and later established and further endowed the McKim School, an free school for the poor (elementary/grammar school level) in a landmark Greek Revival architecture style stone temple structure a block away, (still existent in 2017), prior to the formal establishment of city public schools in 1829.
In the 1850s, he bought the Elba Furnace in Maryland for youngest son James to operate, and both James and Jesse followed him into the metallurgical profession.
Tyson was posthumously inducted into the National Mining Hall of Fame in 1996.
External links
Wood Farm chromite ore
References
http://www.mgs.md.gov/esic/features/soldiers.html
http://www.vermonthistory.org/educate/change/pages/work/tyson.html
http://vermonthistoricalsociety.org/journal/70/vt703_404.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20060520045412/http://www.sykesville.net/scans/newsletter/HD_news_2003_spring.pdf
https://web.archive.org/web/20061022200941/http://www.leadville.com/miningmuseum/inductee.asp?i=132&b=inductees.asp&t=n&p=T&s=
http://www.mininghalloffame.org/inductee.asp?i=132&b=inductees.asp&t=n&p=T&s=
American mining businesspeople
American metallurgists
Ironmasters
American Quakers
1792 births
1861 deaths
Businesspeople from Maryland
19th-century American businesspeople
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5388440
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Bradshaw
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Peter Bradshaw
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Peter Bradshaw (born 19 June 1962) is a British writer and film critic. He has been chief film critic at The Guardian since 1999, and is a contributing editor at Esquire.
Early life and education
Bradshaw was educated at Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School in Hertfordshire and studied English at Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he was president of the Cambridge Footlights. He was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1984, followed by postgraduate research in the Early Modern period in which he studied with Lisa Jardine and Anne Barton. He received his PhD in 1989.
Career
In the 1990s, Bradshaw was employed by the Evening Standard as a columnist, and during the 1997 general election campaign, editor Max Hastings asked him to write a series of parodic diary entries purporting to be written by the Conservative MP and historian Alan Clark, which Clark thought deceptive and which were the subject of a court case resolved in January 1998, the first in newspaper history in which the subject of a satire sued its author. Bradshaw was not put into the witness box by his QC Peter Prescott, and the judge Gavin Lightman found in Clark's favour, granting an injunction, deciding that Bradshaw's articles were then being published in a form that "a substantial number of readers" would believe they were genuinely being written by Alan Clark. Bradshaw found it "the most bizarre and surreal business of my professional life. I'm very flattered that Mr Clark should go to all this trouble and expense in suing me like this."
Since 1999, Bradshaw has been chief film critic for The Guardian, writing a weekly review column every Friday for the paper's Film&Music section. In a 2012 Sight & Sound poll of cinema's greatest films, Bradshaw indicated his ten favourites, given alphabetically, are The Addiction (1994), Andrei Rublev (1966), Annie Hall (1977), Black Narcissus (1947), Hidden (2005), I am Cuba (1964), In the Mood for Love (2000), Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949), Raging Bull (1980) and Singin' in the Rain (1952).
Bradshaw is a regular guest reviewer on the Film... programme broadcast on BBC One.
Bradshaw wrote and performed a BBC Radio 4 programme entitled For One Horrible Moment, recorded 10 October 1998 and first broadcast 20 January 1999, which chronicled a young man's coming of age in 1970s Cambridgeshire. His bittersweet short story Reunion, first broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on 21 October 2016, was narrated by Tom Hollander and described as "sad and sly, and connected impermeably to the mid-Seventies and what it felt like to be young". Another short story, entitled Neighbours Of Zero, first broadcast on Radio 4 on 17 November 2017, was narrated by Daniel Mays. His Senior Moment, first broadcast on Radio 4 on 22 May 2020, was narrated by Michael Maloney. He co-wrote and acted in David Baddiel's sitcom Baddiel's Syndrome, first aired on Sky One.
Awards
Bradshaw has been shortlisted four times at The Press Awards in the Critic of the Year category, in 2001, 2007, 2013 and 2014, "Highly Commended" the last time.
References
Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge
People educated at Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School
English male journalists
English male non-fiction writers
English film critics
The Guardian journalists
Living people
1962 births
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5388443
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idarado%20Mine
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Idarado Mine
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The Idarado Mine was a mining operation in the San Juan Mountains of Ouray County, Colorado near the now-ghost town of Guston, producing primarily lead, silver and zinc along with lesser amounts of gold and copper. The mine is within the Sneffels-Red Mountain-Telluride mining district. The remains of the operation are visible from the Million Dollar Highway, north of Red Mountain Pass, between Ouray and Silverton, Colorado. The tunnels of the Idarado extend some 5 miles (8 km) west under 13,000 foot (4,000 m) mountains to the Pandora Mill near Telluride, a trip of more than 60 miles (100 km) by highway.
The mine was a consolidation of several previously inactive mines interconnected via the Treasury Tunnel. The Treasury Tunnel was initially created in 1896 with the hope of connecting older mine workings to allow for drainage and exploiting ore deposits thought to exist between the mines of Red Mountain and Telluride. The tunnel operated for about 10 years with limited success. In 1939 several companies merged and secured the mining rights to many of the inactive mines on the west side of the Red Mountain Valley, utilizing the old Treasury Tunnel. Many of the interconnected mines had been some of the district's best producers before closing due to low metal prices and inability to pump the deep mines dry. The operation was named Idarado and in all, some 80 miles of underground workings were created or connected.
The Idarado produced large amounts of lead, silver and zinc, with lesser amounts of gold and copper. During World War II, the Idarado was a large supplier of critically needed lead and zinc. The mine operated in limited capacity until 1979, when production stopped. Eventually the concentration mill was removed and activity at the mine turned to reclamation.
During the 1980s, reclamation efforts took place at the mill-tailings ponds near the mine and farther north down the valley, near the old Ironton town site, where more mill tailings ponds had been created after all available space near the mine had been exhausted. The old tailings ponds can still be seen just off the highway, appearing now as flat, grassy meadows.
References
Mindat.org: Minerals of the Idarado Mine — from Mindat.org.
External links
Gold mines in Colorado
Buildings and structures in Ouray County, Colorado
San Juan Mountains (Colorado)
Underground mines in the United States
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5388466
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation%20of%20New%20Trade%20Unions%20of%20Slovenia%20%22Independence%22
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Confederation of New Trade Unions of Slovenia "Independence"
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The Confederation of New Trade Unions of Slovenia "Independence" () (KNSS "Independence") is a national trade union center in Slovenia. It was founded in March 1990.
References
External links
KNSS "Independence" official site.
Trade unions in Slovenia
Trade unions established in 1990
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5388468
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrior%20Woman%20%28Marvel%20Comics%29
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Warrior Woman (Marvel Comics)
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Warrior Woman is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
Publication history
Warrior Woman first appears in Invaders #16 (May 1977) and was created by Roy Thomas and Frank Robbins.
Fictional character biography
Julia Koenig first appears in a multi-issue storyline in the title Invaders, posing as a servicewoman dating an American soldier in London during World War II. Koenig is revealed to be a Nazi spy, code named Madame Rätsel (Madame Mystery), who is sent to obtain information from a soldier, who was also a cartoonist, and is suspected of knowing the secret of the Super-Soldier Serum, which originally empowered hero Captain America. The soldier is captured and interrogated by Koenig, who attempts to replicate the experiment in a laboratory. The materials used are unstable, and when a superior officer intervenes, trying to stop Koenig using the formula on herself, she whips him, accidentally throwing him into the machinery, causing an explosion that transforms Koenig into a female version of fellow Nazi agent Master Man (although courtesy of a higher level of exposure to the Serum, Master Man is physically superior). Koenig dubs herself Warrior Woman.
To celebrate the capture of superhero team the Invaders (in a prison in the German city of Berlin), Hitler insists Koenig and Master Man marry, his logic being that they are the progenitors of a new race. The ceremony, however, is interrupted when the priest is killed by rubble from a building damaged during a battle between the Invaders and German troops. Warrior Woman and Master Man retreat when confronted by the Human Torch, who becomes enraged when his ward, Toro, is wounded by gunfire. The character reappears in the final issue of the Invaders as part of a team formed by the Japanese spy Lady Lotus to battle the heroes - the Super-Axis.
It is revealed in a flashback from Namor the Sub-Mariner, that near the end of World War II, Baron Strucker placed Warrior Woman and Master Man in suspended animation in a hidden laboratory, thereby "preserving" the Nazi dream for use at a later time. Master Man is revived by Axl Nacht's scientists, and at Nacht's direction, the character abducts the original Human Torch and Ann Raymond (Toro's widow) - their blood being necessary to help revive Warrior Woman, who had suffered brain damage. Nacht betrays Master Man when it is revealed that his father first cared for the two superbeings while in suspended animation, and unknowingly instilled in the younger Nacht an obsession with Warrior Woman.
In another flashback, Warrior Woman assisted Master Man and Armless Tiger Man into partaking in the invasion of Wakanda where they fought Captain America, T'Chaka, and Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos.
When Namor the Sub-Mariner, former founding member of the Invaders, finds the laboratory, he battles Master Man until the Nazi loses his abilities and reverts to Wilhelm Lohmer. Nacht steals Master Man's abilities for himself, and has apparently also won the affections of the revived, but unstable Warrior Woman. Namor rescues the prisoners as Lohmer destroys the laboratory, although no bodies are found in the wreckage.
Later, she resurfaces alongside Nacht (now wearing armor) as one of the leaders of Axis Mundi, a resurgent fascist terrorist organization who was opposed by the New Invaders. Other members of Axis Mundi included U-Man, Baroness Blood (female heir to Baron Blood) and the Pterrorists, an army of cloned insectoid warriors whose mind and DNA were derived from Agent Axis.
Powers and abilities
Julia Koenig was a normal human who excelled at espionage and hypnotism, and when exposed to a variant of the Super-Soldier Serum receives enhanced strength and stamina.
References
External links
Warrior Woman at Marvel Wiki
Warrior Woman at Comic Vine
Warrior Woman aka Kriegerfrau
Characters created by Frank Robbins
Characters created by Roy Thomas
Comics characters introduced in 1977
Fictional women soldiers and warriors
Marvel Comics characters with superhuman strength
Marvel Comics female supervillains
Marvel Comics Nazis
Marvel Comics supervillains
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5388477
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayesha%20Siddiqa
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Ayesha Siddiqa
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Ayesha Siddiqa
(), (born April 7, 1966), is a Pakistani political scientist, a political commentator and an author who serves as a research associate at the SOAS South Asia Institute. She previously served as the inaugural Pakistan Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center between 2004 and 2005.
Biography
Born in Lahore, Siddiqa studied at Kinnaird College and went on to join the Civil Service of Pakistan. As a civil servant, Siddiqa served as the director of naval research with the Pakistan Navy, making her the first civilian and the first woman to work at that position in Pakistan's defence establishment. She also worked in military accounts and as deputy director Defense Services Audit. Siddiqa moved to London, where she received her PhD from King's College London in war studies. After leaving the civil service, she served as the senior research fellow at the Sandia National Laboratories and went on to teach at the University of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins University and the Quaid-e-Azam University. She also served as the Charles Wallace Fellow at St Antony's College, Oxford in 2015.
She has written extensively on the Pakistan military, and her research has covered issues varying from the Pakistan military's covert development of military technology, defensive game theory, nuclear deterrence, arms procurement and arms production, to civil-military relations in Pakistan. After leaving the bureaucracy, she authored Pakistan's Arms Procurement and Military Buildup, 1979-99: In Search of a Policy, 2001, and later, in 2007, published her critically acclaimed book: Military Inc.: Inside Pakistan's Military Economy. She also regularly writes critical columns for English language newspapers, including Dawn, Daily Times, The Friday Times and Express Tribune.
References
External links
Soldiers of Fortune - by Ayesha Siddiqa
1966 births
Living people
Pakistani women journalists
Pakistani political scientists
Johns Hopkins University faculty
Pakistani military writers
Ayesha Siddiqa
Pakistani expatriates in the United Kingdom
Pakistani expatriates in the United States
Pakistani scholars
Alumni of King's College London
Peace and conflict scholars
Kinnaird College for Women University alumni
People from Islamabad
Women military writers
Pakistani scholars of Pakistan studies
Military theorists
Pakistan Naval War College faculty
Pakistan Army civilians
Pakistan Navy civilians
Women columnists
Women political scientists
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5388490
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santi%20Bose
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Santi Bose
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Santiago Bose (July 25, 1949 – December 3, 2002 in Baguio, Philippines), often known by his nickname Santi Bose, was a mixed-media artist from the Philippines. Bose co-founded the Baguio Arts Guild, and was also an educator, community organizer and art theorist.
Overview
Bose often used indigenous media in his work, ranging from bamboo and volcanic ash, to the cast-offs and debris (found objects, bottles, "trash"). His assemblages communicated a strong sense of folk consciousness and religiosity, and the strength of traditional cultures in a culture inundated with foreign cultural influences.
Bose worked toward raising an awareness of cultural concerns in the Philippines. After studying at the College of Fine Arts at the University of the Philippines between 1967 and 1972, Bose continued his studies in the United States, at the West 17th Print Workshop in New York City.
He returned to Baguio in 1986 and began his explorations into the effects of colonialism on the Philippine national identity. In particular, Bose focused on the resilience of indigenous cultures, like that of his home region of the Cordilleras.
Baguio Arts Guild
Bose was the founding president of the Baguio Arts Guild in 1987. He became president again in 1992. The Guild is an active cultural association in the northern Cordillera region, emphasizing regional tribal traditions and the importance of using indigenous materials. Bose played a formative role in establishing the Baguio International Arts Festival.
Through his work, Bose addressed difficult social and political concerns in the Philippines. His subject(s) were approached with deep criticality and gravity, although never without a sense of humor and wit, however irreverent.
Bose said, "...The artist cannot but be affected by his society. It is hard to ignore the pressing needs of the nation while making art that serves the nation's elite... We struggled to change society, which is difficult and dangerous, and we also sought to preserve communal aspects of life. I too am haunted by visions of hardship, poverty, disenfranchisement of the 'primitive' tribes, but between outbursts of violence and exploitation are also tenderness, selflessness and a sense of community. These will always remain unspoken and unrecognized unless we make art or music that will help to transform society. The artist takes a stand through the practice of creating art. The artist articulates the Filipino subconscious so that we may be able to show a true picture of ourselves and our world."
Awards and exhibits
Bose was granted the Thirteen Artists Award by the Cultural Center of the Philippines in 1976. He has exhibited in major international events such as the Third Asian Art Show in Fukuoka, Japan and the Havana Biennial held in Cuba, both in 1989. In 1993, he was invited to the First Asia-Pacific Triennial of Contemporary Art held at the Queensland Art Gallery in Brisbane, Australia. In 2000 Bose's work was included in the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco's exhibition "At Home & Abroad, 20 Contemporary Filipino Artists." In June 2002, he was presented the "Gawad ng Maynila: Patnubay ng Sining at Makabagong Pamamaraan" (Cultural Award for New Media presented to outstanding Filipino Artist) by the City of Manila. In 2006, he was posthumously shortlisted for the National Artist award.
As a widely sought after artist for public commissions and artist residencies, Bose's practice included extensive international travel and included several prominent grants and fellowships.
Bose's work was marked by a conscious avoidance of a single recognizable style, by varied foreign and local influences, and by an experimental bent.
Bose has been included in the Asian American Arts Centre's artasiamerica digital archive.
References
External links
Santiago Bose
1949 births
2002 deaths
Filipino artists
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5388493
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneshaft
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Geneshaft
|
is a Japanese science fiction anime television series set in space, produced by Bandai Visual in 2001, and directed by Kazuki Akane (of Escaflowne fame). It was broadcast on the WOWOW network and was translated and dubbed into English by the anime television network Animax, who broadcast it from within its respective networks in Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent and around the world. Tubi TV later added the series.
The story revolves around the voyages of the Bilkis spaceship across the Solar System, and its crew of genetically engineered humans, as they attempt to uncover the mysteries of an alien technology threatening to destroy the Earth, and whose nature may reveal the true origins and destiny of humanity in the late 23rd century.
The series is characterized by its exploration of the theme of genetic engineering, and the possible consequences of this technology dominating and defining future human society. It also contains a distinctive metal soundtrack with electronica elements (composed by Akira Takasaki), often featuring electric guitar solos at dramatic moments.
Featured as a central plot element is the 'Shaft', a Mecha with a peculiar appearance. Made entirely using CGI, this humanoid robot's design appears to resemble gray mechanical cranes, lacking appealing characteristics common to other Mecha, such as bright colors or even a 'head'.
Plot
Geneshaft is set in a future where genetic engineering has become the dominating technology, defining human society entirely. The government of Earth is totalitarian and as a result there has been peace for 200 years. The government is in control of human reproduction, and is in charge of all (artificial) births, as well as altering the genetic characteristics of every new individual, according to their function in society. One alteration common to all individuals limits their lifespan to 45 years, in order to limit the extent of aging so that they remain healthy and able throughout all of their adult lives.
People are largely rated by the quality of their DNA, and those whose DNA is relatively unrefined, such as those of the 'white' gene type, are generally considered inferior. In order to prevent irrational behavior caused by strong emotional attachment, family structures have been disbanded, and the emotions of love and lust eliminated. The ratio of men to women is 1:9, as it is considered that males are more aggressive than females, and this was part of what led past societies to destruction. Modern society is completely peaceful, the few men typically having leading-type positions, and commonly being of gene types that grant enhanced decision-making skills, while the females are in charge of lesser positions. Men are assigned Registers - emotionless, drone-like women - whose purpose is to document all actions a man takes, as men's DNA contains elements of destructive desires that cannot be eliminated, while acting as his assistant.
The story begins at the time when a 500 kilometer in diameter ring-shaped structure had appeared near the Earth five years prior. Dispatched from nearby Markanan space station, several female astronauts were about to investigate its nature when it produces a massive energy blast which destroys the space station and a large portion of the surface of the Earth, after which it disappears. This instigates the mobilization of a special group of men and women with specific genetic characteristics, who set out aboard the Bilkis spaceship to investigate the origins of the ring, and the possible connection with mysterious alien technology found in Jupiter's moon Ganymede.
During their voyages they encounter several instances of the Ring technology, which they fight with the giant mecha, called 'Shaft'. The technology of Shaft is mysterious and the mecha requires very special skills to be piloted. Along the way, they also encounter situations and people which make them question their nature as 'superior', and raise doubts about how 'perfect' their society really is.
Characters
Mika Seido
Mika is the main protagonist of the story. She is short but has considerable strength, though it is explained that she has the genetype white, leading to her being mocked by other characters as being inferior. Mika is much more passionate and aggressive than many of the people around her, but is also extremely loyal. Mika was very close to her "mother," the woman who genetically engineered her, and her sentient dog. Her friend Ryoko was killed in the previous year, and she blames Amagiwa for her death, believing that he murdered her to save his own life (although since in this society humans are considered to be nothing more than the sum of their genes, Ryoko's death would never be considered murder since she had an identical twin). She repeatedly threatens him because of this, but finds it bewildering that he is so confident in her potential and abilities, especially since she is a "white." Mika eventually teams up with Amagiwa and helps defeat Mir and Sneak. She also finds that she has fallen in love with her former enemy.
Sofia Galgalim
Sofia is a colleague of Mika and was previously working as an underwater salvager. She has the alias of Lunar Teddybear, although Tiki claims she is more of a "Grizzly Bear." She is genetype purple, and so she has exotic looks and a calm personality. She also takes great pride in her physical capabilities, insisting that she is undefeated in fifty kinds of martial arts. Sofia's faith in her society begins to waver when she encounters a gang of 21st century astronauts who are still attached to the idea of love, lust and family. Sofia eventually sacrifices herself to save the Shaft (with Mika in it) and the Bilkis, but confesses to Mika before she dies that she wishes she could have been a mother.
Hiroto Amagiwa
Hiroto is an enemy of Mika because of events that took place prior to the beginning of the story, involving her dead friend Ryoko. Though Mika claims that he is a coward who only wants to save himself, Hiroto proves to be a capable commander who can make the tough decisions as well as more merciful ones. He has been groomed since birth to be a commander. He is also haunted by the loss of Ryoko because she committed suicide to save him, although he does not show it outwardly. The crew considers him almost robotic in his chilly command style, but he seems to be struck by the more loving, friendly demeanor of Mario. Despite Mika's initial hatred for him, Amagiwa teams up with her to defeat Sneak, and falls in love with her as well. Hiroto's sidearm of choice is the FN Herstal (Five-Seven), a Belgian pistol that can carry 5.7X28mm SS190, an armor-piercing ammunition used for P90 submachine guns.
Tiki Musicanova
Tiki who appears to be an energetic young girl is known as the Hell's Faerie from the Kerberos base on Mars where on the thirteenth operation she decimated an entire platoon by herself. She is also known as Tinkerbell and is the younger sister of Mario. Unlike her charming and mature brother, Tiki is hyperactive, childlike and rather obnoxious, often insulting Mika for the fun of it. She is a capable Shaft driver but loses focus too easily if nothing interesting is happening around her. However, she becomes more focused toward the end of the series, when her brother dies saving the Bilkis.
Mario Musicanova
Tiki's older brother, and the backup captain in case anything should happen to Amagiwa. In many ways he is Amagiwa's opposite: he is extremely warm, caring and outgoing, and has a deep bond with his sister despite society's rejection of family. He also becomes very close to Amagiwa's Register, the seemingly aloof Beatrice, and may even fall in love with her. Mario briefly serves as captain of the Bilkis when Amagiwa falls ill. However when the Bilkis is attacked by a former classmate of his, Jean, Mario invades Jean's ship and assassinates him. He suffers from severe nerve damage from the transport, but is still able to detonate a bomb strapped to his body, killing both himself and Jean, and saving the Bilkis.
Lieutenant Mir Lotus
Mir, commonly known as the Ice Queen, is a conceited, egotistical woman whose DNA grants her perfect skills, which she frequently mentions to those around her. She is also extremely snobby, insisting that she will never use a tool that is imperfect, such as the Shaft, and belittling Mika whenever she has the chance. The only person she actually seems to respect is Lord Sneak, and she is badly shaken when he admits in the first episode that he used her to weed out terrorists. However, his smooth talk and flattery soon make her devoted to him again because of his perfect genetics. Even when Sneak's treachery is revealed, Mir attempts to help him for a while, fighting the "inferior white" Mika, but is defeated by her and after subsequently talking to both Mika and Tiki realizes that she has others who care about her. She then returns to the Bilkis.
Remmy Levistrauss
Remmy, sometimes called the Desert Medusa, is an analytical girl who is supportive of, and seeks acknowledgment from other people—in particular, Mir. She constantly fawns on Mir because of her perfect genetype, but begins to develop a fondness for Mika because she's "interesting." It turns out that Remmy is more complex than anyone thought: she is part of a rebel terrorist faction hoping to restore humanity's natural order, and she is actually in league with Lord Sneak. When she learns his true plans, she attempts to save the Bilkis and he murders her.
Dolce Saito
A brilliant, ten-year-old computer genius known as the "Puppet Master," who is on the Bilkis to debug the Shaft. Dolce is quiet and hardly ever speaks, but carries around a screeching puppet android that constantly howls orders at other programmers, and cackles insanely all the time. She devoutly believes that her computer skills are perfect and unparalleled.
Lord Sergei the 4th Sneak
A high-ranking commander who has perfect DNA, and is responsible for the Bilkis' journey. Lord Sneak turns out to be highly manipulative and cunning. During an evacuation, he fatally shoots his annoying Register, and admits to Mir that he used her to sniff out terrorists. Despite this, Mir remains devoted to him because of his genetic purity, and even teams up with him at the end. It is revealed that he is actually malignant and destructive on a far wider scale, and believes that he must cleanse the universe of human beings. For this end, he has been in league with Oberus all along. He is killed by lava on Europa.
Anime
On March 21, 2001, it was announced that Geneshaft would premiere on April 5, 2001 on the WOWOW network. On October 2, 2003, TechTV acquired the broadcast rights to broadcast the series.
The opening is "Shaft Drive" by Akira Takasaki/Ji-Zo while the ending theme is "Broken Camera" by Ji-Zo. For episode 13, the ending theme is "The Day Believe All Things" by Akira Takasaki. All episode titles are references to science-fiction books.
References
External links
Bandai Entertainment page
Geneshaft at Media Arts Database
2001 anime television series debuts
Adventure anime and manga
Bandai Entertainment anime titles
Mecha anime and manga
Satelight
Wowow original programming
Anime with original screenplays
Biopunk anime and manga
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5388527
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choi%20Jung-yoon
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Choi Jung-yoon
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Choi Jung-yoon (born 9 May 1977) is a South Korean actress. She is best known for starring in television dramas, with leading roles in Romance Hunter (2007), Manny (2011), Ojakgyo Family (2011), Angel's Choice (2012), and Cheer Up, Mr. Kim! (2012). Choi has also appeared in supporting roles on the big screen, notably in Ahn Byeong-ki's horror movies and Lee Joon-ik's dramedy Radio Star (2006).
Personal life
Choi married Yoon Tae-jun on 3 December 2011. Yoon is the eldest son of Park Sung-gyung, vice chairwoman of retail conglomerate E-Land Group; currently a businessman, Yoon was also a member of the short-lived '90s boy band Eagle Five. They welcomed a daughter in Nov 2016. On 6 October 2021, Choi’s agency confirmed that she is in the process of divorcing her husband.
Filmography
Television series
Film
Variety show
Theater
Awards and nominations
References
External links
Choi Jung-yoon at Heavenly Star
Choi Jung-yoon at Daum
Actresses from Seoul
South Korean television actresses
South Korean film actresses
1977 births
Living people
20th-century South Korean actresses
21st-century South Korean actresses
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3994488
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhm%20Jung-hwa
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Uhm Jung-hwa
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Uhm Jung-hwa (; born August 17, 1969) is a South Korean singer, actress and dancer. Uhm is considered to be one of the most influential women in the Korean entertainment industry, with many female artists recognizing her as a role model.
Uhm began her career in 1989 as a chorus member for the broadcasting company MBC. She starred in the 1993 romance drama film, On a Windy Day, We Must Go to Apgujeong, and released her debut studio album, Sorrowful Secret, that same year. Though both releases found limited audiences, the album's lead single, "Pupil", helped to establish a uniquely sensual image for Uhm.
She pivoted to dance music with 1996's "Sad Expectation", and found breakthrough success with "Rose of Betrayal" (배반의 장미) from her third studio album, After Love (1997). Subsequent releases Invitation (1998) and 005.1999.06 (1999) were bolstered by a string of hit singles: "Poison", "Invitation", "I Don't Know" (몰라), and "Festival", which gained status as her signature songs and cemented her position as the preeminent pop icon of the '90s decade.
Starting in 2001, Uhm began to concentrate efforts on her acting career. Her performance in the 2002 erotic comedy Marriage Is a Crazy Thing won Best Actress at the 39th Baeksang Arts Awards. Her 2000s musical output saw declining commercial reception but greater appeal with critics. Uhm began experimenting with electronica on Self Control (2004), and funk on Prestige (2006), the latter of which won Best Dance and Electronic Album at the 4th Korean Music Awards. Following a nearly decade-long hiatus from music, she released her tenth studio album The Cloud Dream of the Nine in 2017.
Biography
Early life
Uhm was born in Jecheon, North Chungcheong, South Korea. She is the second child of Yoo Gyeong-sook and Uhm Jin-ok, a music teacher who died in a motorcycle accident when she was six. Her younger and only brother Uhm Tae-woong is an actor. Following her father's death, her family struggled financially.
Music career
1990s
Uhm Jung-hwa officially debuted as a singer in 1993 with her first studio album Sorrowful Secret. By the mid-90s she established herself as one of the top Korean female singers and entertainers, with a series of hit singles: "Sad Expectation" (), "A Love Only Heaven Permits" (), "Rose of Betrayal" (), and "Tell Me" ().
Uhm's fourth studio album, Invitation, introduced a new mature side of the singer. The music video for its title track caused a lot of controversy due to its suggestive nature. Invitation quickly became one of the highest selling albums of the year and received positive reviews from critics and fans.
She released two of her most recognizable singles of her career, "Poison" and "Invitation" (). She remained successful the following year, in 1999, with her fifth studio album 005.1999.06
As of 2020 she currently released ten studio albums, two compilation albums and one extended play.
2000s–present
During the 2000s, Uhm began to focus more on her acting career and committed herself to taking a variety of acting roles. She also began to pursue and experiment with different musical genres, in particular electronica. In 2004, she released her double album Self Control, which featured songs composed by Jung Jae-hyung, Fractal and Roller Coaster. Music critics praised Uhm for her ability to reinvent her image and sound.
After a two-year break from the music scene, she released her ninth studio album Prestige. Throughout the year she released two singles, "Come 2 Me" and "Song of the Wind" (), each enjoyed positive critical reception. In early 2007, she won a Korean Music Award for Best Electronic Dance Record.
In the summer of 2008, she released her first EP titled D.I.S.C.O with help from her longtime friend Yang Hyun-suk of YG Entertainment. The lead single "D.I.S.C.O" featured T.O.P, a member from the popular boy band Big Bang. The EP was one of the best-selling albums by a female artist in 2008, and was further promoted by the digital single "D.I.S.C.O Part 2" which was a remix version of "D.I.S.C.O" and featured G-Dragon, the leader of Big Bang.
After an eight-year-long hiatus Uhm announced that she would be releasing her first new album since D.I.S.C.O in 2008, the album title would be The Cloud Dream of the Nine. She revealed that she would be releasing the album in two parts, the first part would be released on December 27, 2017, and the second part at a later date. Uhm performed the title tracks "Watch Me Move" and "Dreamer" on Gayo Daejeon along with "D.I.S.C.O", she would also perform the two tracks on MCountdown on the January 5. One year after the release of Part 1, Uhm revealed through her Instagram account that she was in the preparation stage of her comeback with part 2 of The Cloud Dream of the Nine.
In the summer of 2020, Uhm joined with singers Lee Hyori, Jessi, and Hwasa to form the "supergroup" Refund Sisters. Their first single, "Don't Touch Me" debuted in October 2020, and reached #1 on the Gaon chart.
Acting career
Uhm has established herself as one of South Korea's top actresses. She is known for her roles in the films Marriage Is a Crazy Thing, Singles, Princess Aurora, Dancing Queen, Seducing Mr. Perfect and Haeundae, which became one of the highest-grossing movies in Korea. She has won two Baeksang Arts Awards for Best Actress, in 2002 for Marriage is a Crazy Thing and again in 2012 for Dancing Queen.
In 2022, Uhm is back on the small screen with the tvN drama Our Blues, which is their comeback on the small screen in 5 years since 2017.
Fashion line
Uhm launched her new clothing and lingerie line, "Corner Suite" and "ZHUM in New York", which made $10M USD within three months of its release. "Corner Suite" became an instant hit when the line debuted on online markets. The line immediately sold out. Future plans include putting her line of clothes on more home shopping channels, as the demand for it is great.
Personal life
Uhm was diagnosed with thyroid cancer but fully recovered after surgery in May 2010. Uhm said she felt a little afraid leading up to the surgery, but rather than being discouraged by the pain she was experiencing, she made up her mind to dedicate herself to helping others by inspiring them. "I want to use my talent and influence in a meaningful way," she said.
Impact
Artists who have cited Uhm as an influence or role model include BoA, Lee Hyori, Sandara Park, Baek Ji-young, Tiffany Young, Chae Eun-jung, Son Dam-bi, Kim Yoon-ji, Dal Shabet's Ah Young, Laboum's Solbin, and Park Cho-rong.
Discography
Studio albums
Compilation albums
Extended plays
Singles
OSTs
Other appearances
Filmography
Film
Television series
Television show
Awards and nominations
Acting Awards
Music awards
Accolades
In 2021 she was selected as Jury member for Actor and Actress of the Year Award in 26th Busan International Film Festival to be held in October.
Notes
References
External links
Official website
1969 births
K-pop singers
Living people
Korean Mandopop singers
People from North Chungcheong Province
Mystic Entertainment artists
South Korean female models
South Korean women pop singers
South Korean film actresses
South Korean television actresses
South Korean female idols
Mnet Asian Music Award winners
Korean Music Award winners
Yeongwol Eom clan
20th-century South Korean women singers
21st-century South Korean women singers
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3994491
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairplains
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Fairplains
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Fairplain, Fair Plain or Fairplains may refer to:
Fairplains, North Carolina
Fairplain Township, Michigan in Montcalm County
Fair Plain, Michigan in Berrien County
Fairplain, West Virginia in Jackson County, West Virginia
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3994530
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Gross
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Bob Gross
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Robert Edwin Gross (born August 3, 1953) is an American retired professional basketball player. A 6'6" (1.98 m) 200 lb (91 kg) forward, he attended Seattle University and California State University, Long Beach, and was selected in the 1975 NBA draft by the Portland Trail Blazers. He was also selected in the 1975 ABA Draft by the San Diego Sails. Gross was the starting small forward for the Blazers during their only championship season (1976–77). He left the NBA in 1983 with career averages of 8.9 points, 4.4 rebounds, 2.9 assists and 1.12 steals a game.
Currently living in the Portland area, Gross' number 30 jersey was retired on December 18, 2008 during the Trail Blazers' home game against the Phoenix Suns. Since his retirement from basketball, he has been in the construction business.
References
External links
NBA stats @ basketballreference.com
1953 births
Living people
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Los Angeles
Long Beach State Beach men's basketball players
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
People from San Pedro, Los Angeles
Portland Trail Blazers draft picks
Portland Trail Blazers players
San Diego Clippers players
San Diego Sails draft picks
Seattle Redhawks men's basketball players
Small forwards
Basketball players from Portland, Oregon
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3994547
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Philippe%20Toussaint
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Jean-Philippe Toussaint
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Jean-Philippe Toussaint (29 November 1957, Brussels) is a Belgian novelist, photographer and filmmaker. His books have been translated into more than twenty languages and he has had his photographs displayed in Brussels and Japan. Toussaint won the Prix Médicis in 2005 for his novel Fuir (Running Away), second volume of the « Cycle of Marie », a four-tome chronicle published over ten years and displaying the separation of Marie and her lover. His 2009 novel La Vérité sur Marie (The Truth about Marie), third volume of the cycle, won the Prix Décembre.
Biography
Family
Jean-Philippe Toussaint was born in Brussels, son of the Belgian journalist and writer Yvon Toussaint (1933–2013) and a bookseller mother of Lithuanian descent Monique Toussaint (née Lanskoronskis), but mostly raised in Paris where his father was the correspondent in France of the Belgian newspaper Le Soir. He's the brother of the Belgian cinema producer Anne-Dominique Toussaint.
He lives in Brussels and Corsica. His wife and mother of his two children, Madeleine Santandrea, is from Bastia.
Early life and education
Raised in flourishing cultural milieu in Brussels, then after 1970 in Paris where he attended high school, he graduated from the Institut d'études politiques de Paris (1979) and holds a master of Arts in contemporary history from the Sorbonne (1980). After his studies, he was engaged in teaching French for two years in Médéa, Algeria as an alternative to conscription; he henceforth decided to devote himself to literature, considering cinema to be technically and financially too demanding.
Literary career
Jean-Philippe Toussaint's first two plays Rideau (1981) and Les Draps de lit (1982) and his short novel Échecs (1983) have never been published. He is strongly influenced by Samuel Beckett's style and generally by the Nouveau Roman. He wrote his first novel, La Salle de bain (The Bathroom) in 1985 and submitted it to Jérôme Lindon, the influential publisher of Les Éditions de Minuit in Paris, who accepted it and became his exclusive publisher. The novel and its style were critically acclaimed and established Jean-Philippe Toussaint as a young and promising author. Subsequently, he published Monsieur (a novel that was earned a large following in Japan and Asia) and L'Appareil-photo in the late 1980s which confirmed his status as a writer and allowed him to start a parallel career as a filmmaker. He directed two movies soon after: Monsieur (1990)—distinguished by the André Cavens Award—and La Sévillane (1992).
During a writing residency in Berlin in 1997 he wrote his most ironic and "subtly comic" novel La Télévision which won the Prix Victor-Rossel in Belgium. After publishing an essay, Autoportrait (à l'étranger), based on his experiences living abroad, he then decided to embark on a series of novels (entitled « cycle of Marie Madeleine Marguerite de Montale » but formally known as « cycle of Marie », named after Marie, the main protagonist) depicting the long and uncertain breakup of two lovers—Marie and the narrator—over four seasons during the course of a year. The books were written between 2000 and 2013 and constitute his Magnum opus. The « cycle of Marie » started in 2002 with Faire l'amour (Making Love, 2004), followed by Fuir in 2005 (Running Away, 2009)—awarded by the Prix Médicis in France—, La Vérité sur Marie in 2009 (The Truth about Marie, 2011)—Prix Décembre—and finally Nue in 2013 which closes the tetralogy.
His 2006 book La Mélancolie de Zidane (2006) is a lyrical essay on the French football player Zinedine Zidane's headbutting of the Italian player Marco Materazzi during the 2006 World Cup final in Berlin. Toussaint lived in Berlin at the time and was at the game. An English translation was published in 2007 in the British journal New Formations.
Along with Jean Echenoz, Laurent Mauvignier, Marie NDiaye or Éric Chevillard, Jean-Philippe Toussaint is associated with the so-called « Style [des éditions de] Minuit ».
Works
La Salle de bain (Paris, Minuit, 1985)
The Bathroom (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2008), translated by Nancy Amphoux and Paul De Angelis.
Monsieur (Minuit, 1986)
Monsieur (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2008), translated by John Lambert.
L'Appareil-photo (Minuit, 1989)
Camera (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2008), translated by Matthew B. Smith.
La Réticence (Minuit, 1991)
Reticence (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2012), translated by John Lambert.
La Télévision (Minuit, 1997); Prix Victor-Rossel
Television (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2007), translated by Jordan Stump.
Autoportrait (à l'étranger) (Minuit, 2000)
Self-Portrait Abroad (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2010), translated by John Lambert.
La Mélancolie de Zidane (Minuit, 2006), essay
"Zidane's Melancholy" within Best European Fiction (Champaign, Dalky Archive Press, 2009), translated by Thangam Ravindranathan and Timothy Bewes
L'Urgence et la Patience (Minuit, 2012), essay
Urgency and Patience (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2013), translated by Edward Gauvin
[https://fitzcarraldo-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/c2e128388771777395ce7c67cf21a14e.pdf Football (Fitzcarraldo Editions, 2016), translated by Shaun Whiteside.]
« Cycle of Marie »
Faire l'amour (Minuit, 2002)
Making Love (New York, The New Press, 2004), translated by Linda Coverdale
Fuir (Minuit, 2005); Prix Médicis
Running Away (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2009), translated by Matthew B. Smith.
La Vérité sur Marie (Minuit, 2009); Prix Décembre
The Truth about Marie (Champaign, Dalkey Archive Press, 2011), translated by Matthew B. Smith.
Nue (Minuit, 2013)
Naked (Dalkey Archive Press, 2016), translated by Edward Gauvin.
Films
La Salle de bain (1989) by John Lvoff, Screenwriter. Starring Tom Novembre, Gunilla Karlzen.
Monsieur (1990), Director / Screenwriter. Starring Dominic Gould, Wojciech Pszoniak.
La Sévillane (1992), Director / Screenwriter. Starring Mireille Perrier, Jean-Claude Adelin, Jean Yanne.
La Patinoire (1999), Director / Screenwriter. Starring Tom Novembre, Mireille Perrier, Dolorès Chaplin, Bruce Campbell, Marie-France Pisier, Jean-Pierre Cassel.
Trois fragments de "Fuir" : Louvre/Chine/Elbe (short-films, 2011), Director. Starring Dolorès Chaplin.
Exhibitions
As a photographer, he held his first major exhibition in 2001 in Osaka, Japan then later obtained a residency in 2006 in Toulouse, France where he extended his work to installations mixing neons, films, photos and books as supports. This work became also the basis of a more ambitious exhibition which took place in 2009 in Canton, China. In 2012, as invited-artist Toussaint curated an important exhibition entitled "Livre/Louvre" at the Musée du Louvre in Paris. In addition to photographs, original short-films (entitled Trois fragments de "Fuir") and various installations, the show featured an excerpt from the original manuscript of En attendant Godot by Samuel Beckett and a copy of the eighth edition of Dante's Divina Commedia.
Distinction
Elected member (seat #9) of the Académie royale de langue et de littérature françaises de Belgique (2014)
References
External links
Jean-Philippe Toussaint's personal web site
Critical bibliography (Auteurs.contemporain.info)
Essay by Warren Motte on 'Reading Jean-Philippe Toussaint
Belgian writers in French
20th-century Belgian novelists
21st-century Belgian novelists
Belgian male novelists
Belgian people of Lithuanian descent
Sciences Po alumni
Prix Médicis winners
Prix Décembre winners
Writers from Brussels
Members of the Académie royale de langue et de littérature françaises de Belgique
1957 births
Living people
20th-century Belgian male writers
21st-century Belgian male writers
Photographers from Brussels
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3994553
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Atkinson
|
Richard Atkinson
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Richard Atkinson may refer to:
Richard C. Atkinson (born 1929), American psychologist and former president of the University of California
Richard J. C. Atkinson (1920–1994), British prehistorian and archaeologist
Richard Merrill Atkinson (1894–1947), U.S. Representative from Tennessee
Richard Atkinson (bishop) (born 1958), British Anglican bishop
Rick Atkinson (born 1952), American journalist and author
Ricky Atkinson (born 1965), American footballer
See also
Dick Atkinson, Australian rules footballer
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3994571
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20Basketball%20Conference
|
United Basketball Conference
|
The United Basketball Conference (UBC) was a scheduling alliance of NCAA Division I basketball independents which began play in January 2007. Its members were:
Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW)
New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT)
North Dakota State University (NDSU)
South Dakota State University (SDSU)
University of Texas–Pan American (UTPA)
Utah Valley University
NDSU, SDSU and IPFW joined The Summit League on July 1, 2007. NJIT, UTPA and Utah Valley joined the Great West Conference on July 10, 2008.
Utah Valley was the men's "champion" for the 2006–07 season, with a 9–1 conference record and a 22–7 record overall.
NCAA Division I basketball
2006–07 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
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3994579
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvina%20Bolus
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Malvina Bolus
|
Malvina Marjorie Bolus, (July 4, 1906 – April 6, 1997) was a Canadian historian and art collector, best known as the editor of the Hudson's Bay Company magazine The Beaver.
Born in Fox Bay, Falkland Islands, she was educated in England, and emigrated to Canada in 1926. From 1928 to 1936, she was a member of the House of Commons of Canada staff. From 1933 to 1936, she was the secretary to Agnes Macphail, the first woman to be elected to the House of Commons.
She started working at the Hudson's Bay Company in 1956 in public relations. From 1958 to 1972, she was the editor of The Beaver magazine.
She is the author of Image of Canada (1953), Eskimo Art (1967), and People and Pelts (1972).
In 1970, she was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.
References
Sources
1906 births
1997 deaths
Falkland Islands emigrants to Canada
Historians of Canada
Officers of the Order of Canada
People from Fox Bay
20th-century Canadian historians
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3994584
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Lee%20%28piper%29
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Jack Lee (piper)
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Jack Lee is a Canadian bagpiper and has been the pipe sergeant of the Simon Fraser University Pipe Band since its inception in 1981. The band has won the World Pipe Band Championships six times.
Solo career
Lee is a successful solo competitor, having won a significant number of major prizes, including both Highland Society of London Gold Medals (Argyllshire Gathering in 2001 and Northern Meeting in 1981,) the former winner's Clasp at the Northern Meeting (1994), the Canadian Gold Medal (2002), and was the first North American piper to win the Glenfiddich Solo Piping Championship (2003).
Early life and family
He was born on 6 December 1957 in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, and moved to Surrey in British Columbia at the age of 2. Lee holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree in accounting from the University of British Columbia.
He and his brother Terry, the former pipe major of the Simon Fraser University Pipe Band, received the Meritorious Service Medal by the Governor General of Canada in 1999 at a ceremony in Quebec City, Quebec. They were awarded honorary doctorates by Simon Fraser University in 2013.
He and his wife Christine have three sons, Andrew, Colin, and John, who also play with Simon Fraser University.
References
1957 births
Living people
Great Highland bagpipe players
Musicians from British Columbia
Musicians from Manitoba
People from Portage la Prairie
Gold Medal winners (bagpipes)
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3994613
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/We%20Were%20Here%20%28Joshua%20Radin%20album%29
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We Were Here (Joshua Radin album)
|
We Were Here (2006) is the first full-length album by American singer-songwriter Joshua Radin. It reached #34 on the Top Heatseekers Chart. The singer-songwriter released a cover of the song "Only You" as a bonus song.
Usage in media
The songs "Closer" and "Winter" are featured in the episodes "My Best Laid Plans" and "My Screw Up", respectively, in the American television program Scrubs.
"Winter" also features in the web series Jake and Amir episode "Amir's Birthday", and season 2 episode "Fiona, Interrupted" of Shameless.
"What if You" was in Catch and Release, starring Jennifer Garner and Timothy Olyphant.
Videos
Radin's first music video for the song "Closer" was directed by Zach Braff.
Track listing
Personnel
Joshua Radin – vocals, guitar
Chris Holmes – guitar, bass, keyboards, tambora, producer, programming
Priscilla Ahn – piano, vocals
Chad Fischer – piano
Jason Kanakis – guitar
Solomon Snyder – bass
Colette Alexander – cello
John Krovoza – cello
Oliver Kraus – cello
References
2006 debut albums
Joshua Radin albums
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5388542
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie%20Burse
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Charlie Burse
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Charlie Burse (August 25, 1901 – December 20, 1965) was an American blues musician, best known for his work with the Memphis Jug Band. His nicknames included "Laughing Charlie," "Uke Kid Burse" and "The Ukulele Kid." The "uke" in his nicknames referred to the first instrument he was known for, the tenor banjo, which was commonly called a "ukulele-banjo" in the South. Later photographs show him with a tenor guitar, a similar instrument that he played in the same tuning.
Biography
Burse was raised in Sheffield, Alabama by his father—a hotel cook—and mother, along with seven siblings. During the 1920s, he moved to Jackson, where he met his wife, Birdie Crawford, and had three children. He then moved his family to Memphis, Tennessee in 1928. Burse played many musical instruments, including the piano, saxophone and spoons, but was only recorded on guitar, tenor guitar and mandolin.
As a singer and multi-instrumentalist, Burse recorded over 60 commercial sides with Will Shade's Memphis Jug Band. Burse was described as a "smart mouth" and Roger Brown remarked that he was "boisterous" and "the most irrepressible person I've ever met." This contrasted with Shade, who was businesslike and orderly in managing the band. Yet Burse became Shade's most frequent collaborator and a key member of the jug band in subsequent years. Shade and Burse were recorded by blues researchers Samuel Charters in 1956 and Alan Lomax in 1959, and appeared on a Memphis TV special called "Blues Street" in 1958. In 1963, the pair made one of their last recordings, Beale Street Mess-Around. They continued to perform together on street corners or private parties until Burse's death. Their renown revived toward the end of their lives, beginning with their rediscovery by Charters.
Burse participated in other projects, being photographed with an outfit called the Schlitz Jug Band (named for their sponsor, a beer brewer) in the early 1930s, and recording as Charlie Burse and His Memphis Mudcats in 1939. The Memphis Mudcats updated the traditional jug band lineup, adding drums instead of washboard, bass instead of jug, and saxophone instead of harmonica. He achieved an even more modern, piano-driven sound in 1950 with "Shorty the Barber," one of the first tracks recorded by Sam Phillips at Sun Studios.
Memphis nightclub owner Robert Henry credited Burse for inspiring Elvis Presley's signature "leg shake": "He would watch the coloured singers, understand me, and then he got to doing it the same way as them," Henry said. "He got that shaking, that wiggle, from Charlie Burse, Ukulele Ike we called him, right there at the Gray Mule on Beale."
Burse's brother, Robert, performed and recorded on washboard with the Memphis Jug Band and performed on washtub bass with the Will Batts Novelty Band. His sister, Fannie Carter, worked as a burlesque dancer, and her son Robert Carter played guitar with the Memphis Jug Band from at least 1940 on, adding electric guitar on their 1959 session with Alan Lomax.
Burse died of heart disease on December 20, 1965, and was buried in Rose Hill Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. He was survived by his wife Birdie, children Charlie Jr., Lucille and Connie, and seven grandchildren. On May 8, 2019, Mount Zion Memorial Fund unveiled a new headstone for Burse in a ceremony.
References
1901 births
1965 deaths
People from Decatur, Alabama
American ukulele players
Blues musicians from Alabama
20th-century American musicians
20th-century African-American musicians
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5388544
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yury%20Annenkov
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Yury Annenkov
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Yury Pavlovich Annenkov ( also known as Georges Annenkov); in Petropavlovsk, Akmolinsk Oblast, Russian Empire – 12 July 1974 in Paris, France), was a Russian Empire born artist mostly known for his book illustrations and portraits. He also worked for theatre and cinema (design). A member of Mir Iskusstva.
In his essay "On Synthetism" (1922), Yevgeny Zamyatin writes that "[Annenkov] has a keen awareness of the extraordinary rush and dynamism of our epoch. His sense of time is developed to the hundredth of a second. He has the knack--characteristic of Synthetism--of giving only the synthetic essence of things."
Yury Annenkov was born into a well-known family (among his ancestors was Pavel Annenkov, Alexander Pushkin's publisher); his father, Pavel Annenkov was involved with revolutionary activities that led him to exile in Siberia. The Annenkovs moved back to St. Petersburg in 1892.
In 1908, Annenkov entered the University of St. Petersburg and attended Savely Seidenberg's studio classes, together with Marc Chagall. Next year, 1909, he attended Jan Ciągliński's studio. In 1911–1912, Annenkov moved to Paris to work in the studios of Maurice Denis and Félix Vallotton. In 1913, Annenkov worked in Switzerland. Upon his return to St. Petersburg in 1914, Annenkov mostly contributed to magazines (Satirikon, Teatr i Iskusstvo, Otechestvo) and worked for theatres.
Maxim Gorky's fairy-tale book, Samovar, published in 1917 was his first work as a book designer. His recognition as a book illustrator came in the wake of his most known work — designing Alexander Blok's poem, "The Twelve", published in 1918 and gone through three printings within a year. In the next few years Annenkov designed numerous books for Petrograd authors (Mikhail Kuzmin and Aleksey Remizov, to name a few). In 1919 Annenkov designed and staged "First Distiller, or How an Imp Earned a Hunk of Bread", a comedy by Count Lev Tolstoi.
Commissioned by the Bolshevik government, Annenkov together with Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, S. Maslovski and A. Kugel, designed and staged the open-air mystery "Liberated Labour Anthem" on 1 May 1920 in Petrograd. Later that year, Annenkov staged and designed another mass show, The Storming of the Winter Palace, part of the October Revolution anniversary celebrations in Palace Square, Petrograd. In 1919-1920 Annenkov made a series of abstract sculptural assemblages and collages, influenced by the Dada movement.
1922 saw his book "Portraits". It contained 80 pictures of the key-figures of Russian art of the time (Gorki, Zamyatin, Remizov, Sologub, Blok, Akhmatova a.o.) made in 1906–1921. The book also included essays by Yevgeny Zamyatin and Mikhail Kuzmin. He joined the Mir Iskusstva.
Annenkov left the Soviet in July 1924, first living in Germany and later settling in Paris.
He continued to work as an artist and served as a costume designer for motion pictures. He was co-nominated with Rosine Delamare for the Academy Award for Best Costume Design for their work in the film The Earrings of Madame de... (1953).
In 1934 he wrote a satyrical novel A Tale of Trivia (Повесть о пустяках) under a pen name B. Temiriasev. The novel takes place between the Russian Revolution and Russian Civil War.
References
External links
1889 births
1974 deaths
People from Petropavl
People from Akmolinsk Oblast (Russian Empire)
20th-century Russian painters
Yury
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to France
Burials at the Cimetière parisien de Bagneux
Soviet emigrants to France
Soviet costume designers
Soviet novelists
20th-century pseudonymous writers
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5388549
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On%20Acting
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On Acting
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On Acting is a book by Laurence Olivier. It was first published in 1986 when the actor was 79 years old. It consists partly of autobiographical reminiscences, partly of reflections on the actor's vocation.
Contents
Prologue
Part One: Before the Curtain
1. Beginnings
2. Lessons from the Past
Part Two: The Great Shakespearean Roles
3. Hamlet
4. Henry V
5. Macbeth
6. Richard III
7. King Lear
8. Othello
9. Antony and Cleopatra
10. The Merchant of Venice
Part Three: Contemporary Influences
11. Knights of the Theatre
12. Breakthrough
13. Colossus of the Drama
Part Four: The Silver Screen
14. Early Hollywood
15. Shakespeare on Film
16. In Front of the Camera
Part Five: Reflections
17. On Acting
Epilogue: A Letter to a Young Actress
List of Performances
Index
Quotations
From the essay 'On Acting'
[...]
[...]
[...]
[...]
[...]
From Part Two
On Antony and Cleopatra:
On Antony:
Why Othello is such a difficult part:
From various other parts
Non-fiction books about acting
Show business memoirs
1986 non-fiction books
Laurence Olivier
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5388551
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20Draxinger
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Kevin Draxinger
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Kevin Draxinger (born March 16, 1967) is a former backstroke swimmer from Canada, who competed for his native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There he finished in twelfth position in the 200-metre backstroke. In the same event he won the silver medal at the 1994 Commonwealth Games.
At the 1991 Summer Universiade, Draxinger won a silver medal in the 200-metre backstroke.
He obtained an MD degree from the University of British Columbia (Vancouver, Canada) in 1998, and further specialized himself in Orthopedic Surgery at McGill University (Montreal, Canada) and Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore).
See also
List of Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming (men)
References
1967 births
Living people
Canadian male backstroke swimmers
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Canada
Olympic swimmers of Canada
Swimmers from Vancouver
Swimmers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Swimmers at the 1994 Commonwealth Games
UBC Thunderbirds swimmers
Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Canada
Swimmers at the 1990 Commonwealth Games
Universiade medalists in swimming
Universiade silver medalists for Canada
Medalists at the 1991 Summer Universiade
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5388556
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions%20of%20an%20Actor
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Confessions of an Actor
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Confessions of an Actor is Laurence Olivier's autobiography. It was published in 1982, seven years before the actor's death.
References
British autobiographies
Non-fiction books about acting
Show business memoirs
1982 non-fiction books
English-language books
Laurence Olivier
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3994623
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medulloblastoma
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Medulloblastoma
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Medulloblastoma is a common type of primary brain cancer in children. It originates in the part of the brain that is towards the back and the bottom, on the floor of the skull, in the cerebellum, or posterior fossa.
The brain is divided into two main parts, the larger cerebrum on top and the smaller cerebellum below towards the back. They are separated by a membrane called the tentorium. Tumors that originate in the cerebellum or the surrounding region below the tentorium are, therefore, called infratentorial.
Historically medulloblastomas have been classified as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), but it is now known that medulloblastoma is distinct from supratentorial PNETs and they are no longer considered similar entities.
Medulloblastomas are invasive, rapidly growing tumors that, unlike most brain tumors, spread through the cerebrospinal fluid and frequently metastasize to different locations along the surface of the brain and spinal cord. Metastasis all the way down to the cauda equina at the base of the spinal cord is termed "drop metastasis".
The cumulative relative survival rate for all age groups and histology follow-up was 60%, 52%, and 47% at 5 years, 10 years, and 20 years, respectively, with children doing better than adults.
Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are mainly due to secondary increased intracranial pressure due to blockage of the fourth ventricle and tumors are usually present for 1 to 5 months before diagnosis is made. The child typically becomes listless, with repeated episodes of vomiting, and a morning headache, which may lead to a misdiagnosis of gastrointestinal disease or migraine. Soon after, the child will develop a stumbling gait, truncal ataxia, frequent falls, diplopia, papilledema, and sixth cranial nerve palsy. Positional vertigo and nystagmus are also frequent, and facial sensory loss or motor weakness may be present. Decerebrate attacks appear late in the disease.
Extraneural metastasis to the rest of the body is rare, and when it occurs, it is in the setting of relapse, more commonly in the era prior to routine chemotherapy.
Pathogenesis
Medulloblastomas are usually found in the vicinity of the fourth ventricle, between the brainstem and the cerebellum. Tumors with similar appearance and characteristics originate in other parts of the brain, but they are not identical to medulloblastoma.
Although medulloblastomas are thought to originate from immature or embryonal cells at their earliest stage of development, the cell of origin depends on the subgroup of medulloblastoma. WNT tumors originate from the lower rhombic lip of the brainstem, while SHH tumors originate from the external granular layer.
Currently, medulloblastomas are thought to arise from cerebellar stem cells that have been prevented from dividing and differentiating into their normal cell types. This accounts for the histologic variants seen on biopsy. Both perivascular pseudorosette and Homer Wright pseudorosette formations are highly characteristic of medulloblastomas and are seen in up to half of cases. The classic rosette with tumor cells around a central lumen can be seen.
In the past, medulloblastoma was classified using histology, but recent integrated genomic studies have revealed that medulloblastoma is composed of four distinct molecular and clinical variants termed WNT/β-catenin, Sonic Hedgehog, Group 3, and Group 4. Of these subgroups, WNT patients have an excellent prognosis and group 3 patients have a poor prognosis. Also, a subgroup-specific alternative splicing further confirms the existence of distinct subgroups and highlights the transcriptional heterogeneity between subgroups. Amplification of the Sonic Hedgehog pathway is the best characterized subgroup, with 25% of human tumors having mutations in Patched, Sufu (Suppressor of Fused Homolog), Smoothened, or other genes in this pathway. Medulloblastomas are also seen in Gorlin syndrome as well as Turcot syndrome. Recurrent mutations in the genes CTNNB1, PTCH1, MLL2, SMARCA4, DDX3X, CTDNEP1, KDM6A, and TBR1 were identified in individuals with medulloblastoma. Additional pathways disrupted in some medulloblastomas include MYC, Notch, BMP, and TGF-β signaling pathways.
Diagnosis
The tumor is distinctive on T1- and T2-weighted MRI with heterogeneous enhancement and a typical location adjacent to and extension into the fourth ventricle. Histologically, the tumor is solid, pink-gray in color, and is well circumscribed. The tumor is very cellular, with high mitotic activity, little cytoplasm, and a tendency to form clusters and rosettes.
The Chang staging system can be used in making the diagnosis .
Correct diagnosis of medulloblastoma may require ruling out atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor.
Treatment
Treatment begins with maximal surgical removal of the tumor. The addition of radiation to the entire neuraxis and chemotherapy may increase the disease-free survival. Some evidence indicates that proton beam irradiation reduces the impact of radiation on the cochlear and cardiovascular areas and reduces the cognitive late effects of cranial irradiation.
This combination may permit a 5-year survival in more than 80% of cases. The presence of desmoplastic features such as connective tissue formation offers a better prognosis. Prognosis is worse if the child is less than 3 years old, degree of resection is inadequate, or if any CSF, spinal, supratentorial, or systemic spread occurs. Dementia after radiotherapy and chemotherapy is a common outcome appearing two to four years following treatment. Side effects from radiation treatment can include cognitive impairment, psychiatric illness, bone growth retardation, hearing loss, and endocrine disruption. Increased intracranial pressure may be controlled with corticosteroids or a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is often used as part of treatment. Evidence of benefit, however, is not clear as of 2013. A few different chemotherapeutic regimens for medulloblastoma are used; most involve a combination of lomustine, cisplatin, carboplatin, vincristine, or cyclophosphamide. In younger patients (less than 3–4 years of age), chemotherapy can delay, or in some cases possibly even eliminate, the need for radiotherapy. However, both chemotherapy and radiotherapy often have long-term toxicity effects, including delays in physical and cognitive development, higher risk of second cancers, and increased cardiac disease risks.
Outcomes
Array-based karyotyping of 260 medulloblastomas resulted in the following clinical subgroups based on cytogenetic profiles:
Poor prognosis: gain of 6q or amplification of MYC or MYCN
Intermediate: gain of 17q or an i(17q) without gain of 6q or amplification of MYC or MYCN
Excellent prognosis: 6q and 17q balanced or 6q deletion
Transcriptional profiling shows the existence of four main subgroups (Wnt, Shh, Group 3, and Group 4).
Very good prognosis: WNT group, CTNNB1 mutation
Infants good prognosis, others intermediate: SHH group, PTCH1/SMO/SUFU mutation, GLI2 amplification, or MYCN amplification
Poor prognosis: Group 3, MYC amplification, photoreceptor/GABAergic gene expression
Intermediate prognosis: Group 4, gene expression of neuronal/glutamatergic, CDK6 amplification, MYCN amplification
Survival
The historical cumulative relative survival rate for all age groups and histology follow-up was 60%, 52%, and 47% at 5 years, 10 years, and 20 years, respectively. Patients diagnosed with a medulloblastoma or PNET are 50 times more likely to die than a matched member of the general population.
The most recent population-based (SEER) 5-year relative survival rates are 69% overall: 72% in children (1–9 years) and 67% in adults (20+ years). The 20-year survival rate is 51% in children. Children and adults have different survival profiles, with adults faring worse than children only after the fourth year after diagnosis (after controlling for increased background mortality). Before the fourth year, survival probabilities are nearly identical. Long-term sequelae of standard treatment include hypothalamic-pituitary and thyroid dysfunction and intellectual impairment. The hormonal and intellectual deficits created by these therapies causes significant impairment of the survivors.
In current clinical studies, the patients are divided into low-, standard- and high-risk groups:
Depending on the study, healing rates of up to 100% are achieved in the low-risk group (usually WNT-activated). The current efforts are therefore moving in the direction of reducing the intensity of the therapy and thus the negative long-term consequences while confirming the high healing rates.
In the HIT-SIOP PNET 4 study, in which 340 children and adolescents of the standard-risk group between the ages of four and 21 from several European countries participated, the 5-year survival rate was between 85% and 87% depending on the randomization. Around 78% of the patients remained without relapse for 5 years and are therefore considered to be cured. After a relapse, the prognosis was very poor. Despite intensive treatment, only four of 66 patients were still alive 5 years after a relapse.
A US study involved 161 patients between the ages of three and 21 with a high-risk profile. Depending on the randomization, half of the patients additionally received carboplatin daily during the radiation. The 5-year survival rate of patients with carboplatin was 82%, those without 68%. The European SIOP PNET 5 study is currently taking place and will run until April 2024, in which an attempt is made to confirm the promising results with carboplatin during irradiation in the standard risk group.
Epidemiology
Medulloblastomas affect just under two people per million per year, and affect children 10 times more than adults. Medulloblastoma is the second-most frequent brain tumor in children after pilocytic astrocytoma and the most common malignant brain tumor in children, comprising 14.5% of newly diagnosed brain tumors. In adults, medulloblastoma is rare, comprising fewer than 2% of CNS malignancies.
The rate of new cases of childhood medulloblastoma is higher in males (62%) than females (38%), a feature that is not seen in adults. Medulloblastoma and other PNET`s are more prevalent in younger children than older children. About 40% of medulloblastoma patients are diagnosed before the age of five, 31% are between the ages of 5 and 9, 18.3% are between the ages of 10 and 14, and 12.7% are between the ages of 15 and 19.
Research models
Using gene transfer of SV40 large T-antigen in neuronal precursor cells of rats, a brain tumor model was established. The PNETs were histologically indistinguishable from the human counterparts and have been used to identify new genes involved in human brain tumor carcinogenesis. The model was used to confirm p53 as one of the genes involved in human medulloblastomas, but since only about 10% of the human tumors showed mutations in that gene, the model can be used to identify the other binding partners of SV40 Large T- antigen, other than p53.
Recently a SHH-type mouse model with high incidence of medulloblastoma, a Patched 1 heterozygous mice knockout for the medulloblastoma suppressor Tis21 (Patched1+-/Tis21 KO). The high medulloblastoma frequency appears to be caused by the down regulation of Cxcl3, being Cxcl3 induced by Tis21. Consistently, the treatment with Cxcl3 completely prevents the growth of medulloblastoma lesions in a Shh-type mouse model of medulloblastoma. Thus, CXCL3 is a target for medulloblastoma therapy.
References
External links
Brain and Spinal Tumors: Hope Through Research (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
Medulloblastoma Images MedPix Medical Image Database
Small-blue-round-cell tumors
Brain tumor
Pediatric cancers
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5388558
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederation%20of%20Trade%20Unions%20of%20Slovenia%20PERGAM
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Confederation of Trade Unions of Slovenia PERGAM
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The Confederation of Trade Unions of Slovenia PERGAM () (KSS PERGAM) is a national trade union center in Slovenia. It was created in 1991 as a breakaway union from the Confederation of New Trade Unions of Slovenia "Independence" (KNSS "Independence").
References
External links
KSS PERGAM official site.
Trade unions in Slovenia
Breakaway trade unions
Trade unions established in 1991
1991 establishments in Slovenia
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5388559
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baleiz%C3%A3o
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Baleizão
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Baleizão is a Portuguese freguesia ("civil parish") of the municipality of Beja. The population in 2011 was 902, in an area of 139.74 km2.
The parish contains Monte do Olival ("Hill of the Olive Grove"), where Catarina Eufémia was murdered in 1954. She subsequently became a national icon of the resistance against the Estado Novo regime.
References
Parishes of Beja, Portugal
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3994624
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCGS%20Revisor
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CCGS Revisor
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The Canadian Coast Guard Ship Revisor is a Canadian Coast Guard inshore fisheries research and survey vessel.
The boat is a Cabin cruiser (maximum of 2 passengers) for use for offshore hydrographic survey work.
The Revisor has been decommissioned and is now in the possession of Kyle Deschamps and his 4 children of Victoria B.C. He aims to restore the revisor and is currently looking for anyone with nautical education to aid him.
The vessel has been made available in the past for use by United States Government researchers with NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab in Pasadena, California, as well as university research work by the Seafloor Mapping Lab at California State University in Monterey Bay, California.
CGS Base Patricia Bay
Most ships at this base are research vessels:
- research vessel
- survey ship
- research vessel
- search and rescue
References
official Revisor web-page, Canadian Coast Guard
Meet the Oceanographers: The birth of a cold water reef, Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Ships of the Canadian Coast Guard
Research vessels of Canada
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3994646
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicorns%20of%20Balinor
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Unicorns of Balinor
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Unicorns of Balinor is a series by Mary Stanton for young readers. It was originally published from 1999 to 2000. It follows the adventures of Princess Arianna of Balinor and her unicorn, Sunchaser as they restore the Royal Scepter and rally the kingdom to defeat an evil entity known as Entia the Shifter.
Books
The Road to Balinor
Ari Langley is a thirteen-year-old girl recovering in the hospital and suffers from memory loss after a mysterious accident that has left her legs severely scarred. Her only prominent and familiar memory is a strong connection to a Chase, one of the horses at the Glacier River Farm where Ari lives with her foster parents, Ann and Frank. However, Ann and Frank realize they cannot afford Ari's medical bills and decide to lease Chase for riding lessons to the obnoxious and spoiled Lori Carmichael. Heartbroken to see her horse being treated badly, Ari runs away with Chase and her faithful collie, Lincoln. They do not get far before the group, along with Lori, fall through the mysterious Gap, a pathway between worlds.
Sunchaser's Quest
The group lands in Balinor, a magical land of in which there are unicorns instead of horses and all animals can talk. However, this place is plagued by an evil and intangible entity known as the Shifter. Ari is revealed to be the missing Princess Arianna, heir to the throne of Balinor, and Chase is the unicorn known as The Sunchaser, Lord of the Animals. With help from Atalanta, a Celestial Valley Unicorn known as the Dreamspeaker, and Tobiano, a pinto unicorn, they must recover the Sunchaser's broken horn to restore his and Ari's telepathic bond.
Valley of Fear
Ari and Chase seek advice from the Old Mare of the Mountain, who tells them to reclaim the Royal Scepter. Though its powers are unknown to them, Ari, Chase, Linc and Lori journey through the Valley of Fear and across the Fiery Field to Entia the Shifter's castle. It's a nightmarish land where shadow unicorns reign and the travelers can take no food or water. However, they must risk it if there is any hope of defeating the forces of evil.
By Fire, By Moonlight
Ari and Chase fall back through the Gap and back to Glacier River Farm. This results in the balance of magic being altered and they must take on a trial of fire and ordeal by moonlight to set things right. With the scepter now in her possession, Ari begins to learn how to communicate with and use it. During their travels, the team gains a new ally in Finn, a kind-hearted teenage boy.
Search for the Star
A hibernating dragon named Naytin awakes, allowing Entia the Shifter to steal the dragon's magical jewel: the Indigo Star. With it, the Shifter gains control over the Celestial Valley's indigo heard. As the herd's colors and spirits are fading, and Naytin causes destruction to the land in search of the missing jewel, Ari and Chase quest to reclaim the Star.
Secrets of the Scepter
The balance of magic has been restored and the kingdom of Balinor is hopeful Entia can be defeated. Before she can lead her people into battle, Arianna must forge alliances with the Great Houses, diplomatically solve disputes, and accept the loss of an old friend. During her journey, she finds three golden rings that, when placed on the Royal Scepter, give her the authority to rule all of Balinor.
Night of the Shifter's Moon
Princess Arianna and Sunchaser are ready to fight Entia the Shifter. Ari returns to the Royal Palace and takes on the official role of Balinor's leader. The final battle between Balinor and Entia's forces are fierce and won't be won without help from the Celestial herd of unicorns.
Shadows Over Balinor
Entia the Shifter and his evil empire are destroyed. Balinor is a kingdom free of evil once more. Ari, however, has another quest to undertake: the search for the missing Royal family. Atalanta learns the King and Queen are being held in the Forgotten Fields, which can only be found with a map owned by the ancient archivist. Ari returns to the Valley of Fear and destroys a new evil called Kracken. The story's ending is left open, with Lori remaining in Balinor for the time being and Ari having not yet found her parents.
Characters
Arianna "Ari" Langley: Ari is a young girl who was left with amnesia from the Shifter casting a spell on her. The Dreamspeaker took Ari away into hiding with two human servants in the human world. She was in the hospital with two broken legs, and her only vivid memories were of her beloved horse named Chase; a unicorn whose horn was broken off on the day of the Great Betrayal. The two share a close bond. Her hair is the same color of Chase's mane and tail. She has sky blue eyes and is thirteen at the start of the series.
Sunchaser: Known also as Chase to Ari and close friends, Sunchaser is Arianna's bonded unicorn. While in Balinor, he and Ari can communicate telepathically. He is also the Lord of the Animals. When they first returned to Balinor, Sunchaser was thought to be just a unicorn having lost his horn when it was shattered in a great battle. He is also kin to Atalanta herself and is brother to Rednal, leader of the Red Band. Chase is bronze-colored with deep mahogany eyes, has solid bronze hooves, and his mane and his tail are the same shade of Ari's hair. He is one of the largest unicorns, with a sharp ebony horn, and at the base of his horn is the ruby that holds his personal magic.
Atalanta: A Celestial Unicorn known as the Dreamspeaker. Known also as the Lady of the Moon, Atalanta is a beautiful silver-and-violet unicorn who dwells in the Celestial Valley. Her mate is Numinor, the Golden One. When the Shifter first took over Balinor, Atalanta sent Chase and Arianna to Glacier River Farm to protect them from harm. Atalanta's nature is generally sweet, and she often visits Arianna in her dreams to warn her of danger, or to offer her advice.
Moloch: Head of the Shadow herd, Moloch is a fierce shadow unicorn who is also the Shifter's right-hand servant. Able to change into a crow, Moloch has been used for many spy missions. At the end of book 8 Shadows Over Balinor, Moloch and Chase engage in a fight which resulted in Chase, unwillingly and at Ari's request, letting the large coal-black unicorn go. The whereabouts of Moloch are currently unknown after he runs away and goes into hiding.
Lori Carmichael: An ordinary girl from our world, Lori comes from a wealthy family and is somewhat spoiled. When Chase was to be sold to Lori's family, Ari ran away with Chase and Lori followed her. Lori ends up in Balinor with Ari and becomes one of her closest friends, though she still remains rather overbearing.
Finn: Originally from the desert country known as Deridia, Finn is a faithful and trust-worthy companion of the Princess. He helps Arianna and the Sunchaser win the Trial by Fire and eventually becomes the Captain of the Royal Cavalry. He initially rides Rednal, but when Rednal had to return to the Celestial Valley, Finn started to ride the Royal unicorn Beecher instead.
Dr. Eliane Bohnes: Ari's faithful nurse, who accompanied Ari, Chase, and Anale (Ann) and Frank to the Glacier River Farm to protect Ari. Before she was a wizard in Balinor who served in the royal palace. When Ari and Chase return to Balinor, Dr. Bohnes follows her to ensure that Ari remains well.
Lincoln: A collie who is loyal to Arianna and Sunchaser, he is often simply called "Linc." He turns out to be a frog-like creature named Gully who is the link between Balinor and earth, and is the only one capable of opening the doorway. In the end of Book 8, Atalanta rewards his loyalty to Arianna by gifting him the permanent form of a collie dog.
Numinor: Leader of the herd of Celestial Unicorns, known as the Golden One. He is the mate of Atalanta.
Rednal: A Celestial Unicorn, brother of Sunchaser. He is the leader of the Red Band of the Celestial Unicorns.
Tobiano: A Celestial Unicorn, known also Toby. He tends to be very rude, especially to Lori. But even though he is rude he is loyal and true to the Celestial Valley herd and his friends.
The Scepter: The Royal Scepter of Balinor, capable of speech and offers advice, though never provides any direct clear advice when Arianna requires it. The only way for anyone to ask it advice must be in question form. Its shaft has a lapis lazuli unicorn with sapphire eyes on top of it. In the Valley of Fear, Ari got it, alongside the Six.
Lady Kylie: Originally a lady-in-waiting to the royal family of Balinor, Lady Kylie is revealed to be a follower of Entia and can take the form of a snake. She is said to be Lori's 'friend' in the Valley of Fear and Lord Lexan's sister in Sunchaser's Quest. She later serves as a spy, taking the guise of a servant to infiltrate the royal palace.
The Shifter: Known as Entia, the most evil being in Balinor. His name, the Shifter, derives from his ability to shift into any form for a limited amount of time. When the moon is dark (as in Earth's new moon), it is called the Night of the Shifter's Moon, and nobody can use magic for positive means.
The Old One: The Old Mare of the Mountain, a mysterious unicorn mare, the Beholder of the Deep Magic. She is mentor to Atalanta.
References
Fantasy books by series
Fiction about unicorns
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5388560
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave%20Spring%20High%20School%20%28Roanoke%2C%20Virginia%29
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Cave Spring High School (Roanoke, Virginia)
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Cave Spring High School is a public secondary school in Roanoke, Virginia. It is under the jurisdiction of Roanoke County Public Schools. Cave Spring is one of two high schools that serve southwest Roanoke County and one of five high schools that serve the Roanoke County school district.
Communities served
Cave Spring High School is located in the eponymous Cave Spring CDP and has a jurisdiction that includes suburban areas centered around Virginia State Route 419 and rural areas along the U.S. Route 220 and U.S. Route 221 corridors. Towns and communities served include:
Back Creek
Bent Mountain
Cave Spring
Clearbrook
Starkey
Wright
History
Cave Spring High School opened in 1956. In 1968, the high school was moved to its current site, while its original building became Cave Spring Junior High School, which would later become Cave Spring Middle School in 2002. Cave Spring held grades 10-12 for a large number of years until 2002, when it fed approximately half of its 10-12 population into Hidden Valley High School after it was completed and first opened. In 2019, the high school underwent a $43.3 million renovation, with the "new" Cave Spring opening its doors in August 2020.
Academics
According to U.S. News & World Report, Cave Spring ranks 2nd in the Roanoke Valley, 3rd in Southwest Virginia, and 52nd in the Commonwealth of Virginia in terms of academic quality. Cave Spring students are also eligible to take classes at the Roanoke Valley Governor's School for Science and Technology and the Arnold R. Burton Technology Center.
Athletics
Cave Spring athletes are known as "Knights" and compete in the Virginia High School League's River Ridge District in regular season play against other schools in the Roanoke and New River Valleys. The Knights are also part of Class 3, Region D for regional and local competitions, competing against similarly sized schools in Southwest Virginia and across the state. The Knights have won multiple state titles, including in boys basketball (2022), boys soccer (2018), boys tennis (2018), wrestling (2018), and girls tennis (2017).
Notable alumni
Gregg Marshall (1981), former Wichita State head basketball coach
George Canale (1983), Milwaukee Brewers 1st baseman
Lapthe Flora (1983), United States Army promotable to the rank of brigadier general
Tiki Barber (1993), a former New York Giants and University of Virginia running back, former NBC News anchor and co-founder of Thuzio
Ronde Barber (1993), a former Tampa Bay Buccaneers and University of Virginia cornerback
Tyler Lumsden (2001), a pitcher for the Uni-President 7-Eleven Lions
Kevin Munson (2007), professional baseball player
JJ Redick (2002), consensus National College Player of the Year at Duke University and retired NBA player.
Jen Lilley (2003), an actress in The Artist, ABC's General Hospital, and MTV's Disaster Date
Danny Aiken (2006), a retired long-snapper who played in the National Football League and former University of Virginia football standout
Josh Woodrum (2011), former Liberty University standout and current free agent quarterback who has spent time with multiple NFL teams
References
External links
Cave Spring High School Website
Public high schools in Virginia
Educational institutions established in 1956
Schools in Roanoke, Virginia
1956 establishments in Virginia
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5388583
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9t
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Tét
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Tét () is a town in Győr-Moson-Sopron county, Hungary. It is located between the town of Pápa (21 km north) and the city of Győr (24 km south) in the Little Hungarian Plain. According to 1990 census it used to have 4,252 inhabitants, nearly all of them Hungarian by ethnicity. Neighbouring settlements are: Rábaszentmihály, Kisbabot, Rábaszentmiklós, Mórichida, Gyömöre, Felpéc, Győrszemere and the city of Győr.
History
In 1910 Tét was a village in the Sokoróalja district of the Győr County with 4,111 inhabitants. In terms of religion: 1,935 citizens (47,1%) were Lutheran, 1,890 (46,0%) Roman Catholic, 432 (10,5%) Jewish and 52 (1,3%) others. Tét population grew steadily in the interwar period. Notably, the Jews of Tét were forced into a transit ghetto and than sent aboard Holocaust trains to the Auschwitz concentration camp during the Holocaust. They are featured in the Auschwitz Album, the only surviving pictorial evidence of the extermination process from inside Birkenau.
Tét received town rights (Város) in 2001. Current population is estimated at 4,104 inhabitants.
Notable people
Károly Kisfaludy (1788–1830) an Hungarian dramatist and artist.
Gábor Faludi (1846–1932) a theatre manager in Budapest
Gallery
References
External links
in Hungarian
Populated places in Győr-Moson-Sopron County
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5388585
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KRRY
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KRRY
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KRRY (100.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Canton, Missouri, United States. The station is owned by Townsquare Media.
It broadcasts a classic rock music format to the greater Quincy, Illinois, and Hannibal, Missouri, area.
History
In January 1989, Lewis and Clark Broadcasting, Inc., reached an agreement to sell KQCA to Bick Broadcasting Company. The deal was approved by the Federal Communications Commission on February 22, 1989, and the transaction was consummated on March 3, 1989.
The new owners requested that the FCC change the station's call letters to KBXB on September 21, 1989. The station changed its callsign to the current KRRY on September 1, 1995.
In May 2006, Bick Broadcasting Company reached an agreement to sell KRRY to Double O Radio. The deal was approved by the FCC on June 30, and the transaction was consummated on August 31.
On May 1, 2017, KRRY changed its slogan to "The Tri-States Biggest Variety", as well as updating the station's old logo as it transitioned from Top 40/CHR to Hot Adult Contemporary (KGRC "Real 92.9" continues to air a Top 40/CHR format to this day).
On May 27, 2021 at 3pm, KRRY abruptly dropped their longtime CHR/Hot AC format and flipped to classic rock as "100.9 The Eagle". The change came with very little public warning beforehand, to the point that the change was marked simply by the station segueing from "Don't Start Now" by Dua Lipa straight into "Walk This Way" by Aerosmith; the station also launched with the announcement of a countdown of the top 500 classic rock songs to start the following day, the 28th, and extending through that upcoming Memorial Day weekend. The change was also triggered by the retirement of morning host Jeff "The Big Dog" Dorsey, who had served as a DJ for the station since 2001, and had a career in the Quincy-Hannibal radio market (including stops at WGEM, WTAD, and WQCY-FM) since 1978. Dorsey’s co-host Sarah Deien has also exited. Dorsey later told the Muddy River News that he was notified of the change the previous Tuesday and that, while he would have preferred to choose the date himself, he was grateful that Townsquare allowed him his own personal signoff before the change, a move rather uncommon with many radio stations.
Former logo
See also
List of media outlets in Quincy, Illinois
References
External links
RRY
Classic rock radio stations in the United States
Lewis County, Missouri
Townsquare Media radio stations
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3994649
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOS%20%28Rihanna%20song%29
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SOS (Rihanna song)
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"SOS" is a song by Barbadian singer Rihanna from her second studio album, A Girl like Me (2006). It was released on February 13, 2006, through Def Jam Recordings as the lead single from the album. It was written by J. R. Rotem and E. Kidd Bogart with credit also assigned to Ed Cobb since the song is built around a sample of Soft Cell's 1981 recording of "Tainted Love", a song written by Cobb in 1965. Production of the dance and dance-pop song was handled by Rotem. Critical reception of "SOS" was generally positive, with the majority of music critics praising the inclusion of the "Tainted Love" sample. Some critics compared "SOS" to Rihanna's debut single, "Pon de Replay".
"SOS" became a commercial success. In the United States, it topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for three consecutive weeks, becoming Rihanna's first number one single on the chart. "SOS" peaked at number one on the US Hot Dance Club Songs chart and Mainstream Top 40 chart. "SOS" was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales and streams of 3,000,000 units. The song was also successful in Europe as well as Australia, where it spent eight consecutive weeks at number one.
Three music videos were shot for "SOS"; aside from the official music video, directed by Chris Applebaum, promotional campaign videos were shot for lingerie brand Agent Provocateur and Nike. "SOS" was performed live at the 2006 MTV EMA awards in Copenhagen, Denmark. "SOS" was included on the set list of the Good Girl Gone Bad Tour (2007–09) and the Last Girl on Earth (2010–11), which saw Rihanna perform a rock-tinged version of the song.
Background and conception
"SOS" was written by J. R. Rotem and Evan "Kidd" Bogart, with production helmed by Rotem. The song was recorded at Bartmitzvah Hall Studios, Century City, California, and Loft Recording Studios, Bronxville, New York, after which it was mixed by Phil Tan at Silent Sound Studios in Atlanta. "SOS" contains a sample of "Tainted Love", written by Ed Cobb in 1964, and popularized by English synthpop duo Soft Cell in 1981. Cobb was assigned a writing credit because of the sample. In an interview with HitQuarters, Rotem explained the song's conception, saying "I heard 'Tainted Love' and wanted to take the bass line and update it with a new swing. When I gave the track to Evan Bogart, the '80s feeling was already in the track." Rotem was asked how he felt about working with singers who became successful international recording artists after he had worked with them in an interview with William E. Ketchum for HipHopDX in May 2011, and referred to Rihanna and writing "SOS" in his response, saying:
"SOS" was originally intended to be given to and recorded by former Def Jam labelmate Christina Milian, for her third studio album, So Amazin' (2006), but Milian passed on it and former Def Jam CEO and chairman L.A. Reid offered the song to Rihanna instead.
Production and mixing
The background vocals in the song were compressed using a compressor program called Waves Renaissance Compressor, which was used in order to create an enhanced polished effect. In an interview with Sound on Sound, mixing engineer Phil Tan, who carried out the audio mixing on "SOS", explained that he compressed the background vocals because "SOS" is a "high energy track", and he wanted the vocals to complement it. Tan also noted that the background vocals were pitch shifted to increase tonal quality and create an enhanced effect during the chorus. The pitch shifting consisted of making the left vocals flat and the right vocals sharp, with varying degrees of delay, and later mixing them together. When asked about the production of the lead vocals, Tan described the song as "a pounding type of song, and the lyrics are a cry for help, so the vocals need to be 'in your face', almost aggressive," and said that he wanted the vocals to remain constant. As with the background vocals, the lead vocals were compressed using the Waves Renaissance Compressor. Tan continued to note that the lack of reverb included on "SOS" was largely due to the fact that being an uptempo dance-pop song, there was not a lot of room left to add anything else. Tan explained the production process of sampling "Tainted Love", as well as the changes which were made:
Composition
"SOS" is an up-tempo dance and dance-pop song. The song includes synth riffs and machine beats as part of its instrumental. The lyrical content of the song is based around the theme of a "boy meets girl" scenario; Quentin B. Huff of Popmatters provided a synopsis of the lyrical content, writing that "SOS" is a "classic tale of girl-sees-boy, girl-falls-head-over-heels, girl-dreams-of-boy-so-much-she-loses-herself, girl-sings-catchy-pop-song-about-boy, girl-sells-lots-of-records". The song's instrumental composition is built around a prominent sample of "Tainted Love", which was originally written by Ed Cobb in 1965 and popularised by English synthpop duo Soft Cell, when they released their cover version in 1981.
The use of the 'Tainted Love' sample was well received by critics. Ruth Jamieson of The Observer commented that the sample was an "outrageously hooky Soft Cell rhythm". Jazzily Bass of Contactmusic.com complimented the inclusion of the "Tainted Love" sample, describing "SOS" as "superbly infectious". Bass continued to praise the song for not making the sample too obvious, writing "I was accepting it to sound like every other song that has sampled the hook." Kelefa Sanneh of The New York Times described the inclusion the "Tainted Love" sample as being "brazen" and "astute".
Release
"SOS" was first released in France on March 27, 2006, as a physical maxi single. The maxi single included both the radio edit and instrumental versions of "SOS", as well as the album track "Break It Off", which features Jamaican reggae singer Sean Paul. In Australia, the song was released to download digitally through the iTunes Store on April 3, 2006, with non-single track "Let Me" featuring as the B-side. In the United States, "SOS" was released on April 11, 2006, as a CD single. In Germany, the song was released on April 15, 2006, also as a physical maxi single. The package consisted of the radio edit and instrumental versions of "SOS" and "Break It Off", in addition to the music video for "SOS". In the United Kingdom, "SOS" was released on April 17, 2006, as a CD single.
Critical reception
Upon the release of the album, "SOS" garnered positive reviews from music critics. Bill Lamb of About.com praised the sampling of Cobb's "Tainted Love" and Rihanna's vocal performance, with specific regard to her lower register. However, Lamb criticized Rihanna for not displaying any sense of originality. Additionally, Lamb compared Rihanna's vocal performance in the song to Beyoncé, writing "The echoes of Beyonce in the higher register are weaker." Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine praised the sample and noted that "SOS" rivals Rihanna's debut single "Pon de Replay" (Music of the Sun, 2005). Despite praising "SOS", Cinquemani continued to write that it was the only song on A Girl Like Me which displayed a high level of "audacity". David Jeffries of AllMusic described "SOS" as a "sexy club tune".
Quentin B. Huff of Popmatters was complimentary of the song, writing, "all things considered, '[SOS]' is a decent song, brimming with energy and perfectly suited to Rihanna’s layered vocals." Barry Walters of Rolling Stone wrote, "Barbados-born emigre Rihanna's huge dancehall pop hit last year, "Pon De Replay," was savvy and sexy, and her new smash, "SOS," is even more so. Singing a snaky Destiny's Child-like melody around synth riffs and machine beats from Soft Cell's '80s classic hit "Tainted Love," Rihanna proves America still appreciates clever pop when it hears it."
Year-end lists
Chart performance
In the United States, "SOS" peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the chart issue dated May 13, 2006, leaping 33 positions from the previous week, and became the singer's first number one single on the Hot 100. "SOS" experienced a surge in sales the week prior to reaching the summit of the chart, due to Def Jam holding off of releasing the song to digital outlets before the release of A Girl like Me. The song displaced Daniel Powter"s "Bad Day", which had spent the previous five weeks atop the chart, from number one. "SOS" stayed atop the Hot 100 for a further two weeks, spending three consecutive weeks at number one. "SOS" also peaked at number one on the US Hot Dance Club Songs and Pop Songs charts. The song also peaked at number seven on the Radio Songs chart and peaked at number 40 on the Adult Contemporary chart. On March 12, 2021, "SOS" was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
In Europe, "SOS" achieved moderate chart success in different countries. In Belgium (Flanders), the song debuted at number 18 on April 22, 2006, and peaked at number two in its fourth week charting. In Switzerland, "SOS" debuted and peaked at number three on May 21, 2006, and stayed inside the top-ten of that countries singles chart for the following nine weeks. In Finland, the song spent two weeks on the countries singles chart; "SOS" debuted and peaked at number two on April 24, 2006, and fell to number 14 to following week. In Norway, "SOS" debuted at number 16 on April 17, 2006, and peaked at number three in its third week charting. Elsewhere, the song attained top-five positions on the singles charts of Austria and Belgium (Wallonia), peaking at numbers four and five, respectively. " SOS" attained top-ten positions in The Netherlands and Italy, peaking at numbers six and seven, respectively. The song failed to chart within the top-ten in France and Sweden, peaking at number 12 on both countries singles charts.
In the United Kingdom, "SOS" debuted at number five on April 22, 2006. The following week, the song rose to number two, being held off of the number one position by Gnarls Barkley's "Crazy". In its third week charting, both "SOS" and "Crazy" retained their respective chart positions. Over the following weeks, "SOS" began to come down the top 10 of the chart, falling to number five for two weeks, whilst "Crazy" retained its number one position. In Australia, "SOS" debuted at number one on April 30, 2006, a position it held for eight consecutive weeks. In New Zealand, the song debuted at number 37 on April 10, 2006, and spent the following five weeks fluctuating in the lower region of the top 40 singles. In its seventh week charting, the song leaped to a peak of number three for two weeks.
Music videos
"SOS" received two separate treatments for the music video, each serving a different purpose. In addition to the official music video, another version was shot for a Nike campaign. The official music video and Nike versions were directed by Chris Applebaum, who later directed the music video for "Umbrella" (Good Girl Gone Bad, 2007). These videos was edited by Nabil Mechi from Murex, who later edit the music videos for "Umbrella" and "Rockstar 101".
Official music video
The video begins with Rihanna singing the hook while wearing a low-cut green dress and dancing in front of tropical trees on an island. Key lighting is used to place emphasis on Rihanna, whilst the backdrop remains virtually dark and invisible. For the first verse, Rihanna is featured dancing against a plain grey background, wearing a white top and sequined silver miniskirt, whilst flirtatiously dancing with the male dancer. Halfway through the verse, another scene is introduced, with Rihanna wearing a pink dress in a mirrored room, showing multiple reflections of the singer from different angles. For the first chorus, Rihanna is mainly featured wearing the green dress on the island, but a new scene of Rihanna wearing a midriff-baring black lace is introduced toward the end of the chorus, where she, as well as four male dancers, perform a choreographed dance routine. Scenes of Rihanna in the mirrored room are intercut with the previous scene for the duration of the chorus. For the second verse, a further scene of Rihanna is depicted, this time featuring the scenes performing a dance routine with a three female dancers, in the same setting as the one at the beginning of the video. For the second chorus, another scene of the singer sitting on a chair whilst listening to music is shown. For the remainder of the video, including the bridge and last chorus, all scenes featured in the video are intercut with one another, displaying a total of five different scenes and settings.
Nike version
The video begins with a long shot of a group of dancers who have just finished rehearsing a dance routine. As the dancers walk out of view, Rihanna walks onto the middle of the floor, where the singer turns, and faces the camera, and closes her eyes. Standing still, Rihanna begins to snap her fingers, whereby the screen begins to cut between a scene of Rihanna, who is noticeably in a different setting, and black fades. As the music begins to play, it becomes apparent that the setting has changed from a rehearsal studio into a nightclub, which Rihanna in the center. The scene is fairly dark with different colored lights projected into different areas of the nightclub, as dancers infiltrate the dance floor surrounding Rihanna. This scene is used for the first verse-chorus-verse part of the song, but changes to a scene of Rihanna, accompanied by several dancers, situated in a gym locker room for the second chorus. For the bridge, the scene changes back to Rihanna in the nightclub, but this time in a different change of outfit. This scene is used for the last chorus. The video ends with a close-up of Rihanna in the nightclub standing still as the audio finishes, where she closes her eyes, which prompts the scene to change back to Rihanna in the middle of the rehearsal studio from the beginning of the video, to which she walks out of view of the camera.
Track listings
Australian and European CD single
"SOS" (radio edit) — 4:01
"Let Me" (album version) — 3:56
UK CD single
"SOS" (album version) — 3:59
"SOS" (Nevins Glam Club Mix) — 7:43
CD maxi single
"SOS" (radio edit) — 4:01
"SOS" (instrumental) — 4:01
"Break It Off" featuring Sean Paul — 3:33
"SOS" (Video)
European 12-inch vinyl
"SOS" (radio edit) — 4:01
"SOS" (instrumental) — 4:01
"SOS" (Nevins Electrotek club mix)
US 12-inch vinyl
"SOS" (album version) — 3:59
"SOS" (instrumental) — 4:01
Credits and personnel
Credits are adapted from the liner notes of A Girl Like Me, Def Jam Recordings, SRP Records.
Recording and sample
Recorded at Bartmitzvah Hall Studios in Century City, and Loft Recording Studios in Bronxville.
Mixed at Silent Sound Studios in Atlanta.
Contains elements from the composition "Tainted Love", written by Ed Cobb under Embassy Music Corporation (BMI).
Personnel
Songwriting – J. R. Rotem, Evan "Kidd" Bogart, Ed Cobb
Production – J. R. Rotem
Recording – J. R. Rotem, Al Hemberger
Mixing – Phil Tan
Assistant mixing engineer – Rob Skipworth
Vocal production – Evan Rogers, Carl Sturken
Lead and background vocals – Rihanna, Evan Rogers
Accolades
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
|-
Release history
See also
List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2006
List of number-one dance singles of 2006 (U.S.)
References
2006 singles
Rihanna songs
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Number-one singles in Australia
European Hot 100 Singles number-one singles
2006 songs
Music videos directed by Chris Applebaum
Song recordings produced by J. R. Rotem
Songs written by Ed Cobb
Songs written by J. R. Rotem
Songs written by E. Kidd Bogart
Dance-pop songs
Def Jam Recordings singles
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5388595
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930%2024%20Hours%20of%20Le%20Mans
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1930 24 Hours of Le Mans
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The 1930 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 8th Grand Prix of Endurance that took place at the Circuit de la Sarthe on 21 and 22 June 1930. It saw the first appearance of a German car and the first entry from female drivers.
In the smallest ever field in the Le Mans history; there were only 17 starters. This was a race of two halves. At the start the Mercedes of Rudolf Caracciola/Christian Werner was pursued by the supercharged ‘Blower’ Bentley of Tim Birkin. Twice he passed the white car on the Mulsanne Straight and both times he was thwarted by a rear-tyre blowout. Then Sammy Davis chased in a works Bentley. When that car was put into the sandbank at Pontlieue corner, it was the other works Bentley of Woolf Barnato and Glen Kidston taking up the Germans’ challenge. The lead changed a number of times into the night, until at 1.30am when the Mercedes was retired with a broken dynamo and a flat battery.
After that it became a procession for the remaining Bentleys, although both the privateer Blower Bentleys retired on Sunday. The two works cars carried on and cruised to another formation finish. Barnato had won his third consecutive Le Mans, from three starts. Talbot finished third and fourth and took the lucrative Index of Performance prize by the narrowest of margins (0.004) from the winning Bentley. The Bugatti of Marguerite Mareuse and Odette Siko had a trouble-free run and finished seventh, stealing the contemporary headlines from Bentley.
Regulations
The AIACR (forerunner of the FIA) Appendix C rules stayed in effect. The biggest change this year was the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) now allowing private entrants as well as “works” entries from the manufacturers. This just acknowledged the existing practice of private owners being entered by the car-company. Five engine-classes were specified, with brackets at 3.0, 2.0, 1.5 and 1-litres.
To be eligible, a minimum of thirty vehicles had to have been produced, and the cars had to be “as per sales catalogue”. Many small companies were selling bare chassis upon which an owner would get a coach-builder to put on a body-shelled, so the specifications were still quite broad as long as the car had some basic minimum equipment (mudguards, lights, hood, windscreen etc.).
As engine power advanced, the ACO once again adjusted the Index target distances. Example targets included the following:
The Société des Pétroles Jupiter, Shell's French agents, provided three standard fuel options: Gasoline, Benzole and a 70/30 blend of the two. Teams were allowed to add up to 2% by volume of their own additives. As before, all liquids (fuel, oil and water) could only be replenished after every 20 laps ().
Night-time, when headlights had to be used, was defined by the ACO for the race as between 9.30pm and 4am.
Entries
In the middle of the Great Depression, the auto-industry was being hit very hard. Only 33 cars entered for the race, of which only 19 arrived. That said it was a quality field with two big Bentley entries challenged by a mighty 7-litre supercharged Mercedes and one of the supercharged Alfa Romeos dominating European racing, both privately entered. France could muster only two works Tractas, a BNC and a privateer Bugatti to their premier touring car race.
Note: The first number is the number of entries, the second the number who started.
Defending champions Bentley once again arrived with a solid works team, this year bringing a trio of their big Speed Six model. Introduced in 1928 as a competitor to the Rolls-Royce Phantom I, it had a 6.6-litre engine that produced 190 bhp giving it a top speed of 185 kp/h (115 mph).
Company director (and race winner in 1928 and 1929), Woolf Barnato would drive the lead car – the same chassis that had been entered in the 1929 race. This year his co-driver was his wealthy friend Glen Kidston. The other two were driven by 1924-winner Frank Clement with former Stutz-driver Dick Watney, and 1927-winner and journalist Sammy Davis with Clive Dunfee.
Back in 1928, Barnato's fellow race-winner, Sir Henry “Tim” Birkin had seen the threat posed by the new supercharged Mercedes and Alfa Romeos to Bentley's dominance of touring car racing. He had approached W. O. Bentley and Barnato about supercharging the green cars. Barnato was not convinced and W.O loathed the idea. He eventually found an investor in the form of young heiress, and keen motorist, Dorothy Paget (who already owned a Mercedes-Benz SSK). The cars were not race-ready in time for the 1929 race; however Barnato quietly approved sufficient funds to allow the required production quantity to be met. Based on the 4½ Litre model, a massive, distinctive Roots supercharger was fitted in front of the radiator. This boosted the engine output from 130 to 240 bhp. However, it also raised the fuel consumption and its front-end weight gave the car noticeable understeer. Improved over the close-season, a team of three “Blower Bentleys” arrived, managed by former Bentley-driver and Lagonda team-manager Bertie Kensington-Moir. Birkin renewed his 1928 Le Mans partnership with Jean Chassagne, while race-winner Dudley Benjafield drove with former Alfa Romeo test-driver (and now British resident) Giulio Ramponi. The third car was driven by Boris Harcourt-Wood and Jack Dunfee, Clive's older brother.
The first German car to run at Le Mans was a privateer entry. Mercedes and Benz had merged in 1926 and had considerable racing success, but with the Depression the company closed its works racing team. Team manager Alfred Neubauer, however, convinced the board to bankroll a privateer team. This was run by their top works driver Rudolf “Rudi” Caracciola. The SSK (Super Sports Kurz) was designed by Ferdinand Porsche as a development of the SS model. The giant 170 bhp 7.1-litre engine could be augmented by a Roots supercharger to put out 300 bhp. However, unlike the Bentleys, the supercharger was not designed to be run all the time (not least for reasons of chronic fuel consumption), and the team was able to convince the ACO to discount the 1.3 supercharger modifier when dictating the car's target distance. Caracciola's co-driver was also from the Mercedes-Benz works team, Christian Werner.
Stutz was present at Le Mans again, through two black-painted private entries. The latest model M versions came in two wheelbase lengths, with the shorter designated the “MA”. The new 5.3-litre sidevalve engine now put out 120 bhp. Edouard Brisson was having his first race after the bad 1929 Le Mans when a fuel-fire had badly burnt his face and hands. His co-driver was the experienced Louis Rigal, former Ariés works driver. The other car was owned by wine-company heir Philippe de Rothschild. Keen to keep his anonymity he raced under the pseudonym “Georges Philippe” and had an American banking friend, Dick Parke, put the entry in for him. He had Edmond Bourlier (formerly from Talbot and Delage works teams) as his co-driver with Parke acting as reserve driver for both cars.
The Sunbeam-Talbot-Darracq marque returned to Le Mans this year. The successful Talbot 14/45 had been developed into the 18/70 model with a racing version, the AO90 (a reference to its top speed over 90 mph). The 2.3L engine now put out 95 bhp. The Fox & Nicholl team were looking for new cars since Lagonda closed its racing programme in January. They purchased three Talbots but a disastrous fatal accident at Brooklands wrecked them. In less than five weeks, two were repaired for Le Mans. Georges Roesch, chief engineer at Clément-Talbot, was concerned that like the Blower Bentleys, the French fuels would not be suitable for the Talbots. He asked the ACO if they could run on ethyl fuel but this was refused. Leslie Callingham, head of Shell's technical department in London (and driving an Alfa Romeo in the race) said the hybrid fuel would be suitable, although the engine output would drop to about 70 bhp. The drivers were to be Johnny Hindmarsh / Tim Rose-Richards and Brian Lewis, Baron Essendon / Hugh Eaton.
The other significant Le Mans debut was also a privateer entry. Alfa Romeo had already achieved great success in grand prix racing in the 1920s. Vittorio Jano’s 6C successor design, debuting in 1927, followed on this adapting as a sports car or grand prix racer in the Formula Libre events. Initially a 1.5-litre, in 1929 it was also available with a 1752cc twin-cam engine, and both versions had a supercharged variant. As well as a works team, two other new significant customer teams ran the 1750 SS: Enzo Ferrari in Italy and Fred Stiles, the London importer, focusing almost exclusively on their respective countries. Its light weight and superior handling gave it excellent acceleration and made it better through the corners than the bigger cars. Le Mans was not considered by any of the three teams. However, a car owned by wealthy British racer Earl Francis Howe was entered, with support from the Stiles team including former Bentley driver, Leslie Callingham as co-driver. With the 1.3 supercharger co-efficient they had the same Index target as the Talbots.
After the withdrawals of Alvis and the new Scotsman car, the only entries in the 2-litre class were from BNC and Kenneth Peacock's supercharged Lea-Francis S-Type. Having raced the year before, Peacock had purchased a new car and returned as a privateer entry with Sammy Newsome again as co-driver. BNC had not survived the economic downturn and had been purchased by French entrepreneur Charles de Ricou, who also picked up Lombard and Rolland-Pilain, and its successor AER. The BNC Vedette was the new model based on the F28, the last Rolland-Pilain design.
Bugatti, despite having organised races for its car-owners on the Le Mans circuit, had not competed in the endurance race since the inaugural 1923 race. Wealthy French heiress Marguerite Mareuse entered her Type 40 tourer as a privateer, inviting talented driver Odette Siko as her co-driver – becoming the first women to enter the race. Based around the 1.5-litre engine of the Type 37 race-car, it put out about 45 bhp to a 4-speed gearbox.
Jean-Albert Grégoire’s small Tracta company had been very successful at Le Mans with its reliable front-wheel drive and patented Universal joint system. The works team bought two Type A models to the race (unsupercharged this time), Grégoire racing with Vallon as usual, and Bourcier with Debeugny. The smallest cars in the field were from MG Cars, making its Le Mans debut. Morris Garages was set up in 1909 by William Morris as a sales/service division of his Morris Motors. In 1928 after strong sales success, the company was relaunched as MG Car Company under Cecil Kimber. The MG M-type “Midget” was built on the Minor chassis with a plywood and fabric body. This year's version had the 847cc engine uprated to put out 27 bhp that made it capable of 110 kp/h (70 mph). Two cars were prepared for Sir Francis Samuelson and Huskinson & Fane, the London MG agents.
Practice
On race-week, the competitors were allowed to do practice laps on the Wednesday, Thursday and Friday nights between 10pm and 6am. However, the roads were not closed to the public and the ACO advised drivers it was at their own risk. The big Mercedes showed its class, able to reach 195 kp/h (120 mph) on the Mulsanne straight.
The Paget-team Bentleys had a bad practice week. The Harcourt-Wood/Dunfee car had a big-end failure and all the cars were suffering overheating issues. This was found to be due to the high combustion temperatures of the hybrid fuel. The team decided to switch to the pure-benzol option, but it meant changing the engine compression ratios and fitting new pistons. There was only time to change two of the cars so the Harcourt-Wood/Dunfee car was withdrawn. Faced with a similar issue, the Talbots had been modified in May.
The BNC team had a last minute emergency just before the start. A split fuel-tank needed to be emptied and repaired. The race started as it was being refuelled, but then the car refused to start. So the starting field was only 17 – the smallest in the Le Mans race history.>
Race
Start
As a change from recent years, the race-day was sunny and hot. Caracciola, at the head of the line, was away first. On lap 2, his first flying lap, he broke the lap record (with a 6m52s) and then turned off the supercharger. This allowed the hard-charging Birkin in his Blower Bentley to close in. W.O. Bentley preferred to let the privateer do the chasing, telling his drivers to look after their cars and wave him through. On the fourth lap, Birkin was on Caracciola's tail at the Pontlieue curves. Reaching 195 kp/h he got past the Mercedes as they braked heavily for the Mulsanne corner. Birkin did a 6m48s to set a new lap record, but on the next lap the tread came off a rear tyre and he had to pit. It took only half a minute to change the wheel, and then in only five laps Birkin was right behind the Mercedes. Just as he again overtook Caracciola on the Mulsanne Straight the tread on the other tyre let go. Although he dropped two wheels off the road, Birkin was able to complete the pass until the tyre blew at Arnage forcing him to pit yet again.
Meanwhile, further back, de Rothschild had gone into the tight Arnage corner too fast and ploughed into the earth bank at speed. Able to reverse back out, he made it to pits where the crew verified the damage was not severe. The other Stutz had also had problems, with Brisson handling a misfiring engine at the start and then Rigal running off the road a couple of times, dislodging the exhaust pipe. The Lea-Francis lost time when it came to a stop about a kilometre from the pits. It took half an hour, but once Peacock cleaned the spark-plugs he was away again without further bother.
Caracciola's next challenger was Sammy Davis in his works Bentley. Despite a stone thrown up and smashing his goggles he stayed on the German's tail to the first pitstops after 20 laps. Bloodied, he handed over to Clive Dunfee who only managed a half-lap when he buried it in a sandbank at Pontlieue. With no shovel on hand it took him, and then Davis, over two hours to dig it out only to discover the front axle was wrecked. Kidston pitted his Bentley with a tyre tread thrown on his in-lap. Barnato took over and set about gradually closing in, finally overtaking Werner in the Mercedes around 8.30pm.
Behind the Mercedes and Bentleys ran the Stutzes and the Earl Howe's Alfa Romeo. The Talbots were running 9th and 10th, but were able to run an hour longer than the bigger cars ahead of them before refuelling. They picked up a place as the Alfa Romeo was delayed – a race-long struggle with fouled plugs and ignition from the blended fuel. At the back of the field, the nimble MGs were easily leading the Tractas (delayed, like others, by plug issues) in their own battle for small-engine honours. However the MGs soon ran into trouble. Samuelson's was waylaid by a failed big-end bearing, while Murton-Neale's skated off the track at the Pontlieue corners. French gendarmes had just sprinkled sand over the road to stop melting tar in the afternoon heat. He was furious and angrily threw the fencing he had just demolished with his car at the officials. Back at the pits, the car got assessed from damage. His co-driver did a few laps but was not convinced it was safe, so Murton-Neale got back in and drove on into the night. Around half-time, the car was finally retired with a broken con-rod.
At 9pm the Brisson/Rigal Stutz caught fire suddenly on the Mulsanne Straight. The improvised repairs to the exhaust pipe had come loose and flames set the car alight. Rigal managed to pull the car over and get out, narrowly missed by Barnato's Bentley. Hindmarsh, also running close behind him, stopped his Talbot and ran to help him with his own fire extinguisher. Parked far from any marshal posts, it took an hour for the fire to be put out, as official cars ferried fire extinguishers to the incident. The flames dazzled drivers and smoke from the destroyed car could be seen from the middle of Le Mans city. Not long after, the other Stutz had retired. The rear axle had, in fact, been knocked in de Rothschild's excursion and broke, leaving him not far from the other smouldering Stutz.
Night
By nightfall, after five tyre failures, the Birkin/Chassagne car was running seventh. In the sister car, Ramponi pitted with a high fever and feeling quite unwell. Benjafield took over facing having to drive the rest of the race. Mercedes team manager Neubauer authorised his driver to start re-using the supercharger to close back in and going into the night, the spectators watched a thrilling duel as the two cars swapped the lead. Just before midnight the two pitted together and the Bentley just got out first. This came to an end at 1.30am though when the Mercedes slowed with its headlights flickering. Werner pitted but could not restart from its pitstop. A wire had come loose on its dynamo and the battery had gone flat. This left the Bentleys running 1-2-3-5, the works Speed Sixes ahead of the Blowers with Barnato/Kidston holding a six-lap lead over Clement/Watney. The Talbots were now running fourth and sixth, splitting the hard-charging Birkin/Chassagne Bentley making up for its lost time. Shortly before 3am, Rose-Richards bought his Talbot into the pits when the front-wing began to come apart, affecting his headlamps. The team jury-rigged a fix with wire and cords. This allowed the Alfa Romeo, running better in the cool night, to pass back into sixth.
Morning
The second half of the race devolved into a routine procession. Early morning mist and a heavy rain shower also contributed to a dour race. After 8 o’clock Birkin and Chassagne finally caught the Lewis/Eaton Talbot and moved up to fourth. But then just before midday their Bentley broke a conrod and had to retire. Then within an hour, the other Blower Bentley also lost its engine, after Benjafield had driven solidly for fourteen hours without relief. This promoted the Talbots now into third and fourth, until the running repairs on the Hindmarsh/Rose-Richards car came adrift again. This time they pulled off the superfluous headlamp and secured the fender with leather straps going around the radiator cap and front chassis. The three pitstops required again allowed Howe's Alfa to get past a second time.
In the early afternoon, a short, heavy downpour swept across the circuit. The main excitement was the close race for the Index prize between Bentley and Talbot. Both teams told their leading cars to push on harder. With two hours to go, Eaton pitted his Talbot to clear a fuel blockage: a paper label off a fuel-churn had fallen in and got stuck on the filter. It cost a lap and let the Bentley get ahead. The handicapping favoured the smaller car and Eaton's hard driving soon retook the lead only to lose it again when they pitted to free a stuck throttle. When a late stop delayed Howe in the Alfa Romeo, the Talbots once again were in third and fourth.
Finish and post-race
Once again Bentley staged a formation finish. Woolf Barnato, getting back-to-back victories in the same Speed-Six chassis as he driven to win in 1929, promptly announced his retirement with the enviable Le Mans record of three entries for three outright wins. In the end the Alfa Romeo was only eighteen kilometres (1 lap) behind the Talbots. British drivers filled the first six places with the privateer Lea-Francis coming home in sixth. Despite the early delay, Peacock and Newsome still covered four more laps than their previous year's effort.
In a tight finish, Talbot won the Index prize by the narrowest of margins: only 0.004 from the winning Bentley, amounting to barely a lap between them. Three French cars were the remaining finishers, highlighted by the women in the Bugatti after a trouble-free run to seventh, and Jean-Albert Grégoire leading home both his Tracta cars. Grégoire was lucky to finish, as he had just put his car in a ditch on his last lap. Unofficial help from spectators pulled him out in time.
It was a curious fact that the Bentleys had a number of tyre delaminations of their Dunlops. Whereas the Talbots, and Mercedes (albeit abbreviated), had run on their starting set of Dunlops through their whole race.
Bentley had now achieved five wins in the first eight Le Mans. But like many other manufacturers, the company was hit hard with plummeting demand in the Great Depression and soon after Bentley disbanded its works racing team. In 1931 Barnato let two loan repayments lapse. The receivers were called in and in November the company was bought out by Rolls Royce. Nor did Glen Kidston get back to Le Mans. A keen pilot, he was attempting an endurance record from England to Cape Town when he was killed on the return route when his plane broke up pin stormy weather.
In October, Dorothy Paget withdrew her financial support for the Blower Bentley project after ongoing unreliability and only limited success. Philippe de Rothschild, knowing his identity was now revealed, retired from racing to build his family company into one of the great French wine labels.
Official results
Finishers
Results taken from Quentin Spurring's book, officially licensed by the ACO Class Winners are in Bold text.
Did Not Finish
Note *: [B]= car also entered in the 1929-30 Biennial Cup.
Note **: equivalent class for supercharging, with x1.3 modifier to capacity.
Did Not Start
1930 Index of Performance
Class Winners
Statistics
Fastest Lap – H. Birkin, #9 Bentley 4½ Litre 'Blower'– 6:48secs;
Winning Distance –
Winner's Average Speed –
References
Citations
Bibliography
Clarke, R.M. - editor (1998) Le Mans 'The Bentley & Alfa Years 1923-1939' Cobham, Surrey: Brooklands Books
Clausager, Anders (1982) Le Mans London: Arthur Barker Ltd
Fox, Charles (1973) The Great Racing Cars & Drivers London: Octopus Books Ltd
Laban, Brian (2001) Le Mans 24 Hours London: Virgin Books
Spurring, Quentin (2017) Le Mans 1930-39 Sherbourne, Dorset: Evro Publishing
External links
Racing Sports Cars – Le Mans 24 Hours 1930 entries, results, technical detail. Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
Le Mans History – entries, results incl. photos. Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
World Sports Racing Prototypes – results, reserve entries & chassis numbers. Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
24h en Piste – results, chassis numbers & driver photos (in French). Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
Radio Le mans – Race article and review by Charles Dressing. Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
Unique Cars & Parts – results & reserve entries. Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
Formula 2 – Le Mans results & reserve entries. Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
Motorsport Memorial – motor-racing deaths by year. Retrieved 6 Dec 2018
24 Hours of Le Mans races
Le Mans
1930 in French motorsport
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3994661
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime%20Doctor%20%28comics%29
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Crime Doctor (comics)
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The Crime Doctor is the name of two fictional supervillains that appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. The Crime Doctor is an underworld medical expert who caters exclusively to criminals, originally an enemy of Batman.
Publication history
The first Crime Doctor first appeared in Detective Comics #77 (July 1943), and was created by Bill Finger and Bob Kane.
Fictional character biography
Matthew Thorne
The Crime Doctor is surgeon Matthew Thorne, a renowned doctor. In post-Crisis continuity, he is the brother of the Gotham City gangster Rupert Thorne under the name Bradford Thorne.
Earth-Two
On Earth-Two, Matthew Thorne started out as a rogue physician in Gotham City, setting up an illegal clinic and treating criminals for money. He was stopped and apprehended time and time again by the Batman. Shortly after this, Thorne escaped prison and once again opened his crime clinic, but this time he traveled across the country. Batman and Robin learned of his escape and they chased Thorne all the way to California, where Thorne saved Robin's life after he was shot by one of the doctor's henchmen. In the end, Thorne was betrayed by one of his own men, who shot him in the back, killing the doctor almost instantly.
Post-Crisis
Bradford Thorne was a notorious physician who provided criminal services as the Crime Doctor. Thorne assisted criminals using his medical knowledge in return for a small percentage of the stolen loot. His modus operandi stumped the authorities of Gotham City and caused Batman to turn his attention on his crimes.
Thorne eventually learned Batman's secret identity when Bruce Wayne went to see him, seeking his medical support. When the underworld learned that Thorne knew Batman's secret, Thorne was kidnapped by businessman Sterling T. Silversmith, who poisoned Thorne to make him reveal the truth. Batman stopped Silversmith, but Thorne's body had been damaged by the mercury poisoning and the diagnosis given to him was not positive, as he was most likely to remain in a comatose state for life and in the case of an eventual recovery, his memory would be completely wiped out.
The Crime Doctor usually never took part in physical battles against superheroes, but he was recruited by Lex Luthor and Brainiac into their supervillain army during the Crisis on Infinite Earths. Initially, the Crime Doctor took his career as a doctor very seriously, and would not commit crimes that conflicted with his Hippocratic Oath. In later appearances however, he seemed to abandon this principle.
The Crime Doctor's appearances in the 21st century have depicted him wearing star-shaped glasses. It was later revealed that those glasses were a trophy taken from his first victim, a young nurse named Katherine Wheyhall, who had suspected his sadistic inclination to murder and torture while witnessing him deliberately botching a surgery.
Later, the Crime Doctor paid a visit to the nurse and killed her, thus setting the basis of his newfound criminal career.
The Crime Doctor appears in Villains United (2006), where he tortures the Secret Six for the identity of Mockingbird. This fails in the case of the 'Mike the Parademon', who equates torture with love. Breaking his restraints, Catman knocks him out with a metal tray table (where the Doctor had his medical equipment).
In the "Progeny" arc of Birds of Prey, the Crime Doctor tries to "defect" from the Secret Society of Super Villains. The Society sends Prometheus to repay the Crime Doctor by torturing and killing his daughter as he had done to his victims. After a gruesome battle, the Birds of Prey almost manage to subdue Prometheus, but the Crime Doctor decides to kill himself, thus ensuring his own punishment, and sparing his daughter Bethany, who, alone and outcast by the other children, subsequently falls prey to the ambition of Lady Shiva to have a young apprentice to mold in her image.
Anica Balcescu
A new, female Crime Doctor appeared in Manhunter (vol. 4) #32 (2008), a Romanian widow and survivor of the Nicolae Ceauşescu regime named Anica Balcescu.
Following the Final Crisis, Anica Balcescu was seen as a member of Cheetah's Secret Society of Super Villains as she grafted Wonder Woman's lasso to Genocide.
Powers and abilities
The original Crime Doctor had no super human powers, but was a skilled physician and an expert torturer. He sometimes carried an injector gun which could gas opponents to sleep. He also sometimes used a scalpel to assault his opponents.
In other media
The Crime Doctor appears in the Batman: The Animated Series episode "Paging The Crime Doctor", voiced by Joseph Campanella. This version is made into a sympathetic character. In this portrayal, Matthew Thorne's brother Rupert pushed him into the role. He attended medical school with Thomas Wayne and Leslie Thompkins, the three becoming close friends, but Matthew later lost his medical license after failing to file a report about his brother's gunshot wound to his superiors. With his license gone, he now worked as "The Crime Doctor" for Rupert and his men in hopes that Rupert would one day use his influence in Gotham City to get Matthew his license back. In the episode, Rupert needed surgery and since he was paranoid that his enemies would attack him during his moment of "weakness", he asked Matthew to perform it. Needing an assistant, Rupert had his men abduct Dr. Leslie Thompkins. Rupert Thorne wanted for Thompkins to be killed after the surgery to prevent her from telling anything to the police, but Matthew ultimately went against his brother's orders and helped Leslie escape from Rupert and both were aided by Batman. Afterwards, Matthew turned himself over to the police. He was later visited by Bruce Wayne who paid his bail. Although Matthew thought Bruce would try to exploit him like Rupert had, Matthew found that Bruce only wanted him to tell him about his father and gladly obliged.
In Batman: Arkham Knight, a lab coat within an office in Elliot Memorial Hospital bears an ID badge with Matthew Thorne's name and face hanging from the breast pocket.
References
External links
Unofficial Guide to DC Comics entry
The DC Database's summary of the Crime Doctor's debut
Comics characters introduced in 1943
DC Comics supervillains
DC Comics male supervillains
Fictional physicians
Fictional murderers
Characters created by Bob Kane
Characters created by Bill Finger
Fictional Romanian people
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5388599
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond%20Brown%20%28swimmer%29
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Raymond Brown (swimmer)
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Raymond Brown (born May 6, 1969) is a former backstroke swimmer from Canada.
Brown competed for his native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. There he finished in 18th position in the 100-metre backstroke, and in 15th place in the 200-metre backstroke.
He currently is a financial advisor in Cleveland, Ohio.
References
sports-reference
1969 births
Living people
Canadian male backstroke swimmers
Canadian male medley swimmers
Canadian expatriates in the United States
Olympic swimmers of Canada
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Canada
Sportspeople from Cambridge, Ontario
Swimmers at the 1987 Pan American Games
Swimmers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Swimmers from Ontario
Pan American Games medalists in swimming
Medalists at the 1987 Pan American Games
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3994665
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einthoven%27s%20triangle
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Einthoven's triangle
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Einthoven's triangle is an imaginary formation of three limb leads in a triangle used in electrocardiography, formed by the two shoulders and the pubis. The shape forms an inverted equilateral triangle with the heart at the center. It is named after Willem Einthoven, who theorized its existence.
Einthoven used these measuring points, by immersing the hands and foot in pails of salt water, as the contacts for his string galvanometer, the first practical ECG machine.
Lead placements
Lead I — This axis goes from shoulder to shoulder, with the negative electrode placed on the right shoulder and the positive electrode placed on the left shoulder. This results in a 0 degree angle of orientation.
Lead II — This axis goes from the right arm to the left leg, with the negative electrode on the shoulder and the positive one on the leg. This results in a +60 degree angle of orientation.
Lead III — This axis goes from the left shoulder (negative electrode) to the right or left leg (positive electrode). This results in a +120 degree angle of orientation.
Electrodes may be placed distally or proximally on the limb without affecting the recording. The right leg electrode acts to reduce interference, and can be placed anywhere without an effect on the ECG results.
Each lead measures the electric field created by the heart during the depolarization and repolarization of myocytes. The electric field can be represented as a vector that changes continuously and can be measured by recording the voltage difference between electrodes.
Using Einthoven's triangle to identify lead misplacements
Einthoven's triangle can be helpful in the identification in incorrect placement of leads. Incorrect placement of leads can lead to error in the recording, which can ultimately lead to misdiagnosis.
If the arm electrodes are reversed, lead I changes polarity, causing lead II and lead III to switch. If the right arm electrode is reversed with the leg's electrode, lead II changes polarity, causing lead I to become lead III, and vice versa. Reversal of the left arm and leg causes a change in polarity of lead III and switching of leads I and II.
References
Cardiac electrophysiology
Dutch inventions
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5388600
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniela%20Amavia
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Daniela Amavia
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Daniela Amavia () (born 4 March 1966), also credited as Daniela Elle and Daniela Lunkewitz, is an actress and model, appearing in numerous films and international fashion events.
Career
Born in Greece, raised in Germany and schooled in the United Kingdom, Amavia speaks fluent Greek, German, French, and English. As a young girl she was a dancer, but her teacher told her that she was too tall for the ballet, and suggested that she try acting. She began acting at the State Theatre Corps de Ballet, and studied drama and literature at Goethe University, and acting in London, where she soon received small roles. While studying to be an actress, she also modeled, doing runway work in Paris, France for Chanel and Dior, spokesmodel work for Chloé, and cover work for Vogue, Elle, and Femme.
In 2001, Amavia won the Best Actress award at the New York International Independent Film and Video Festival for the film The Woman Every Man Wants (aka Perfect Lover), as well as the Deutscher Filmpreis, the German equivalent of the Academy Award. In addition to acting and modeling, Amavia also has written, directed, and produced several short films.
In 2003, Amavia appeared as Alia Atreides in the TV miniseries Frank Herbert's Children of Dune. Laura Fries of Variety called her performance "layered".
In 2013, Amavia wrote and directed the indie drama A Beautiful Now, about a passionate dancer who finds herself considering an extreme act when she reaches a crossroads in her life.
References
External links
1966 births
Living people
Actresses from Athens
German female models
German film actresses
German people of Greek descent
German television actresses
Goethe University Frankfurt alumni
Greek emigrants to Germany
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3994675
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20Gent%E2%80%93Wevelgem
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2005 Gent–Wevelgem
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These are the results for the 2005 edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycling classic, won in controversial circumstances by Nico Mattan. After the race, Fassa Bortolo team director Giancarlo Ferreti lodged an appeal with the race jury, claiming that Mattan had used the slipstream of press and support vehicles to beat Fassa rider Juan Antonio Flecha. UCI officials blamed the vehicles rather than Mattan and upheld the race result.
General standings
06-04-2005: Gent–Wevelgem, 208 km.
References
External links
Race website
Gent–Wevelgem
Gent–Wevelgem
2005 in Belgian sport
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3994678
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uesugi%20Akisada
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Uesugi Akisada
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was a samurai of the Uesugi clan, Kantō Kanrei and shugo (Constable) of Kōzuke and Musashi Province. His loss of the Izu Province to Hōjō Sōun in 1492–1498 marked a significant development of Japan's Sengoku period.
Nagao Tamekage, rose up against him in 1510 with the help of Hōjō Sōun, seizing the province and killing Akisada. Sōun, with Tamekage's help, would go on to conquer some of Sagami Province, and become one of the most major figures of the Sengoku period.
Tamekage's son Uesugi Kenshin would likewise become a major warlord of the period, his rise with the Kantō as the center of his power base, as the result of Akisada's loss, a crucial element to his success.
See also
Uesugi clan
References
Further reading
Sansom, George (1961). "A History of Japan: 1334–1615." Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Turnbull, Stephen (1998). 'The Samurai Sourcebook'. London: Cassell & Co.
1454 births
1510 deaths
Uesugi clan
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5388608
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phineas%20Priesthood
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Phineas Priesthood
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The Phineas Priesthood, also called Phineas Priests, are American domestic terrorists who follow the ideology which was set forth in the 1990 book, Vigilantes of Christendom: The Story of the Phineas Priesthood by Richard Kelly Hoskins.
The Phineas Priests are not an organization, and they have no discernible leadership or institutional structure. For ideological adherents, a "Phineas Priest" is someone who commits a "Phineas action" – this means that they follow the example of Phineas, a Hebrew man who, according to the Old Testament, was rewarded by God for killing an interfaith couple. The term "Phineas action" is broadly used by white supremacists, not only as a term for murders of interracial couples, but also as a term for attacks on Jewish people, members of other non-white ethnic groups, "multiculturalists," and anyone else who they consider their enemy.
Ideology and activities
The ideology which is set forth in Hoskins' book includes Christian Identity beliefs which oppose interracial relationships, the mixing of races, homosexuality, and abortion. It also is marked by anti-Semitism and anti-multiculturalism.
According to the Anti-Defamation League (ADL), "Many people mistakenly believe that there is an actual organization called the Phineas Priesthood, probably because there was a group of four men in the 1990s who called themselves Phineas Priests. The men carried out bank robberies and a series of bombings in the Pacific Northwest before being sent to prison. But there is no evidence that their organization was any larger than those four individuals."
The Phineas Priesthood is not considered an organization because it is not led by a governing body, its members do not hold gatherings, and it does not have a membership process. One simply becomes a Phineas Priest by adopting the Priesthood's beliefs and acting upon them. Adherents of the Phineas Priesthood ideology are considered terrorists because, among other things, their crimes include numerous abortion clinic bombings in 1996, the 1996 bombing of The Spokesman-Review newspaper in Spokane, Washington bank robberies, and plans to blow up FBI buildings. Four men who professed to follow the "religious philosophy of Phineas priests" were convicted of crimes that included bank robbery and bombings, and each of them was sentenced to life in prison in 1997 and 1998.
Hoskins' book was found in a van that was driven by Buford Furrow when he killed one person and wounded five others in an attack on a Jewish Community Center in California in 1999. In 2012, Drew Bostwick renamed the neo-Nazi group Aryan Nations the "Tabernacle of the Phineas Priesthood-Aryan Nations" when he replaced August Kreis as the group's leader.
On November 28, 2014, 49-year-old Larry Steven McQuilliams fired more than 100 rounds at a federal courthouse, a Mexican consulate building (which he also tried to set on fire), and a police station in Austin, Texas; he was killed by return fire from police. A copy of Hoskins' book was found in McQuilliams' home.
Name
The Phineas Priesthood is named after the Israelite Phineas, grandson of Aaron (). According to Numbers 25, Phineas personally executed Zimri, an Israelite man, and a Midianite woman while they were together in the man's tent, by running a spear through the two and ending a plague which had been sent by God in order to punish the Israelites for intermingling both sexually and religiously with Baal-worshipers. Phineas is commended for having stopped Israel's fall into idolatrous practices which were introduced to it by Moabite women. God commends Phineas as zealous through Moses, gives him a "covenant of peace," and grants him and "his seed" an everlasting priesthood. This passage was cited in Hoskins' book as a justification for using violent means against people who have interracial relationships and practice other forms of alleged immorality.
See also
Byron De La Beckwith, the assassin of NAACP and Civil rights movement leader Medgar Evers became a Phineas Priest
Larry Gene Ashbrook, a mass murderer who allegedly was a self-professed Phineas Priest
List of white nationalist organizations
References
External links
The Order and Phineas Priesthood by the Anti-Defamation League
Overview by the Southern Poverty Law Center
Anthony Rees, [Re]Reading Again: A Mosaic Reading of Numbers 25, A thesis submitted to Charles Sturt University for a PhD, 2013. Chapter "A Violent Turn. The Phinehas Priesthood" (p. 126ff). Accessed 15 August 2018
Christian organizations established in 1990
American bank robbers
Christian Identity
Christian advocacy groups
Neo-Nazi concepts
Christian new religious movements
Religiously motivated violence in the United States
Terrorism in the United States
Neo-Nazism in the United States
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3994680
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheduling%20alliance
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Scheduling alliance
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A scheduling alliance is an agreement between collegiate athletic conferences or independent college athletic teams to guarantee a set number of games to each member, or to create a competitive challenge between athletic conferences. Although it is not formally recognized by the governing body (usually the NCAA), it resembles a conference in many respects. The scheduling alliance may be very informal, only involving guaranteed games, or it may have awards, such as player of the week, MVP and a championship title. It can also involve a school agreeing to play a set number of games against members of a given conference in a particular sport, although not being a member of that league.
FBS College Football Scheduling Alliances
The most notable example of such an arrangement in FBS football involves the University of Notre Dame and the Atlantic Coast Conference. In 2013, Notre Dame joined the ACC as a full but non-football member, wishing to retain its status as an FBS independent in football. Notre Dame and the ACC agreed that in football, the Fighting Irish would play five games each season against other ACC schools, and also would play each ACC school at least once every three years. In 2020, however, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic causing the Power Five conferences to enforce restrictions on non-conference play, the Fighting Irish played a full ACC schedule with eligibility for the ACC Championship Game, for which they qualified, ultimately losing to the Clemson Tigers.
In future years, due to the formation of the PAC-12-ACC-Big Ten Alliance, it has been rumored that the PAC-12 and Big Ten conferences could move from a 9-game conference schedule to an 8-game conference schedule, in order to create a 8-2 scheduling method that would allow members of this alliance to play at least 2 other teams from the 2 other conferences in the PAC-12-ACC-Big Ten alliance every season. Moreover, this is not the first time the Big Ten and PAC-12 have tried to create a scheduling alliance in football. In 2011, the Big Ten and PAC-12 conferences announced a scheduling alliance that was set to fully become the first conference challenge in football by the year 2017. While notable matchups were played as scheduled, including Oregon-Michigan State, California-Ohio State, and Michigan-Utah, the planned scheduling alliance that was to start in 2017 never happened after the Big Ten announced a move to a 9-game conference schedule starting in 2016.
Division 1 College Basketball Scheduling Alliances
In NCAA Division 1 men’s and women’s basketball, there are several prominent examples of scheduling alliances currently in place. These include the Big Ten-ACC challenge and the Big 12-SEC challenge. While these are the most well-known scheduling alliances in college basketball, other scheduling alliances in place include the SEC-American scheduling alliance, in which the 4 SEC teams that do not participate in the SEC-Big 12 challenge(due to the Big 12 only having 10 teams until the year 2023) play against teams from the American Athletic conference instead.
Other Collegiate Examples
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted all college sports heavily, particularly on the scheduling side. Independent teams that lacked a conference found themselves on the outside looking in as many conferences had their members transition to a conference-only schedule for the season in the interest of safety. In college hockey, the two independent teams at the time, Arizona State and LIU, entered into scheduling alliances with the Big Ten Conference and Atlantic Hockey, respectively, in order to continue playing for the 2020-21 season. These alliances were disbanded the following year.
Another example is the New England Women's Hockey Alliance, which began in 2017 as a scheduling alliance between the six schools that then competed as independents at the National Collegiate level (in practice, NCAA Divisions I and II) in women's ice hockey. The NEWHA lost one member after its first season of 2017–18, but picked up a future sixth member in the form of a school that was set to launch a women's hockey program in 2019–20. Before the start of the 2018–19 season, the NEWHA formally organized as a conference and began the process of gaining official NCAA recognition. It operated with five members in 2018–19, and received NCAA recognition upon the arrival of the sixth member in 2019–20.
References
College sports in the United States
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3994695
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough%20Downs
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Scarborough Downs
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Scarborough Downs was a horse-racing track located in Scarborough, Maine, United States. It was Maine's largest race track. It was home to The Downs Club restaurant as well as a grandstand for race viewing, and includes 2 track-side lounges as well as a VIP Room. It held its final races on November 30, 2020.
Scarborough Downs was constructed in 1949 as a racetrack for thoroughbred horse races and was completed in 1950. It was the only one of its kind in the state. However, harness racing was introduced in the 1960s and for a while the track hosted both types of horse racing. However, in September 1972 the track became solely a harness racing track. In the 2000s, owner Joseph Ricci, also known for being one of the founders of the infamous Élan School, introduced simulcast wagering and the track began to offer simulcast races from premier thoroughbred and harness tracks from around North America.
On October 1, 1980, a pre-dawn fire at Scarborough Downs, ignited as the result of an overloaded electrical box in a tack room, destroyed a 240-foot barn, killing eleven horses.
The track hosted its final race ever on November 28, 2020, due to an agreement with developer Mike Cianchette, great-nephew of former Bangor and Lewiston Track Owner Bud Cianchette. The racing meet will move to Cumberland Fairgrounds which has held long meets before with the expectation it will be full-time horse racing in 2022. The 2021 season at Cumberland will be 64 days long total including 2021 fair First Tracks LLC got state approval and a license on February 8, 2021.
MaineHealth has been using the facility as a COVID-19 vaccine distribution site since February 2021.
References
External links
Scarborough Downs track photographers website
Maine Harness Racing
Biddeford Downs
The Maine Attraction
Defunct Horse racing venues in Maine
Sports venues completed in 1950
Harness racing venues in the United States
Tourist attractions in Cumberland County, Maine
Buildings and structures in Scarborough, Maine
Horse racing venues in Maine
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5388631
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haditha%20Dam
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Haditha Dam
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The Haditha Dam () or Qadisiya Dam is an earth-fill dam on the Euphrates, north of Haditha (Iraq), creating Lake Qadisiyah (). The dam is just over long and high. The purpose of the dam is to generate hydroelectricity, regulate the flow of the Euphrates and provide water for irrigation. It is the second-largest hydroelectric contributor to the power system in Iraq behind the Mosul Dam.
Project history
The Haditha Dam project was conceived in the late 1960s; construction began in 1977. The dam embankment was designed by the Soviet Union's Ministry of Energy, with its power station and equipment being designed and constructed by various Yugoslavian firms; these included Hidrogradnja of Sarajevo, as the prime contractor; Energoprojekt of Belgrade for design; Metalna of Maribor for intake gates, bottom outlet gate, radial gates; Litostroj of Ljubljana for turbines; and Rade Končar of Zagreb for generators and transformers. It was conceived of as a multi-purpose project that would generate hydroelectric power, regulate the flow of the Euphrates, and provide water for irrigation. Construction lasted between 1977 and 1987 and was a joint undertaking by the Soviet Union and Iraqi governments. The cost of the initial construction of the Haditha Dam is estimated at US$830 million.
Flooding of Usiyeh and Anah
With the creation of the Haditha Reservoir, the ancient archeological site of Usiyeh along with Anah were flooded. Usiyeh was located on the right bank of the Euphrates between Haditha and Anah and was excavated by the Japanese Archaeological Expedition in Iraq between 1982 and 1983. A multi-room underground structure along with a staircase, four life-size lion terracotta statues, three medium-sized lion statues and one lion statuette were found. These findings dated back to 1800–1700 BC. Ancient Anah was also flooded and contained a prized minaret. Today, only modern Anah exists.
After the 2003 U.S. invasion
During the 2003 invasion of Iraq, United States Army Rangers seized the Haditha Dam on 1 April in order to prevent it from being destroyed. Destruction of the dam would have significantly affected the functioning of the country's electrical grid and could cause major flooding downstream from the dam. Afterwards, various U.S. Marine units had been stationed at the dam, as well as a small detachment from Azerbaijan.
In 2004, the Gulf Region Division of the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) carried out restoration works on one of the turbines to restore the dam's hydroelectric power station to full capacity. According to the Coalition Provisional Authority, the inauguration of this turbine on 3 June 2004 signified the first time since 1990 that the power station operated at full capacity. In the same year, a new power line was established between Haditha and Baghdad with the help of the USACE to restore a line that had previously been destroyed. This new line, stretching over a distance of with 504 towers, has an operating voltage of 400 kV and allows 350 MW of power from the Haditha Dam to be added to the national electrical grid. The cost of the line was US$56.7 million and was paid by Iraq's oil revenues.
Characteristics of the dam and the reservoir
The dam is situated in a narrow stretch of the Euphrates Valley where a small secondary channel branched off the main channel. The width of the main channel was whereas the secondary channel was wide. The hydroelectric station is located in this secondary channel. The Haditha Dam is long and high, with the hydropower station at from the dam's southern edge. The crest is at AMSL and wide. Total volume of the dam is . In cross-section, the dam consists of an asphaltic concrete cutoff wall at its core, followed by mealy detrital dolomites, and a mixture of sand and gravel. These materials were chosen because they are readily available near the construction site. This core is protected by a reinforced concrete slab revetment on the upstream side of the dam, and a rock-mass revetment on the downstream side.
The power station contains six Kaplan turbines capable of generating 660 MW. The turbines are installed in a hydrocombine unit that comprises both the spillway and the hydro-powerplant in one structure. Maximum discharge of the spillway is per second. Two bottom outlets on the dam can discharge per second for irrigation. Both these outlets and the spillway are controlled by tainter gates.
The Haditha Reservoir or Lake Qadisiyah has a maximum water storage capacity of and a maximum surface area of . Actual capacity is however , at which size the surface area is . At maximum capacity, annual evaporation from the lake is estimated at .
References
External links
Dams in Iraq
Hydroelectric power stations in Iraq
Dams on the Euphrates River
Al Anbar Governorate
Earth-filled dams
Dams completed in 1987
Iraq–Soviet Union relations
1987 establishments in Iraq
Energy infrastructure completed in 1987
Soviet foreign aid
Crossings of the Euphrates
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5388636
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koml%C3%B3
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Komló
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Komló (, , ) is a town in Baranya county, Hungary. The name of the settlement is derived from the local crop of hops (komló), an ingredient of beer. By the 18th century a depiction of this plant running up a support already featured on the herald of the town.
The former village of Komló became a planned mining city during the socialist era. It was the second biggest mining centre in Hungary after Tatabánya.
History
The area was inhabited by the Romans, the ruins of 2nd-century Roman villas were discovered during the laying of foundations for new buildings in the area (Mecsekjánosi, Körtvélyes). The existence of the once village is first mentioned in a charter from 1256 as 'villa Compleov', then part of the estates of the Pécsvárad Abbey.
The small settlements that are part of Komló today were already inhabited during the Árpád Age (Kökönyös (Kwkenyes), Gadány-puszta (Gadan), Keményfalva (Kemefalua), Jánosi (Csépán), Mecsekfalu (Szopok), Kisbattyán (Battyan), Zobákpuszta (Zabaguy) and Sikonda (Sicund)).
Komló was not deserted during the Turkish rule, however the population was very scant. Until the end of World War II, the Inhabitants was Danube Swabians. Mostly of the former German Settlers was expelled to Germany and Austria in 1945-1948, about the Potsdam Agreement.
Only a few Germans of Hungary live there, the majority today are the descentant of Hungarians from the Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange.
After 1945, Komló was among those settlements whose expansion into a city was a somewhat forced affair directed by political decisions. A determining factor of its development was the role in coal mining. After more than 100 years of operation mining in the area ceased on 1 January 2000.
Sightseeing
The ruin of Gothic medieval chapel is situated (dates from 13-14th) behind the church of Komló. A graveyard surrounded the chapel at one time.
The Museum of the Local History is settled in the centre of the town (there is an exhibition where one can see the footprints of the Komlosaurus carbonis).
Sikonda is a spa resort that belongs to Komló. Its thermal baths was developed around the slightly radioactive and carbonic acid waters discovered in 1928. In 1995 an earlier ruling was confirmed, recognising the therapeutic effects of the thermal waters.
Climate
Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate).
Sport
Komlói Bányász SK, football team
Twin towns – sister cities
Komló is twinned with:
Beiuș, Romania
Éragny, France
Neckartenzlingen, Germany
Torrice, Italy
Valpovo, Croatia
References
External links
in Hungarian
Populated places in Baranya County
Socialist planned cities
Planned cities in Hungary
Baranya (region)
History of Baranya (region)
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