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More rapid reporting by other technologies, such as detection of bacterial species and resistant markers in positive blood cultures by molecular probe and nucleic acid amplification do result in improved patient care (18).
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method
7,301
In various studies of patients with recent onset arthritis, 6–55% of the patients who presented with undifferentiated arthritis (UA) progressed into rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria or according to the rheumatologist (1).
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7,302
Together with our earlier experiments demonstrating that Bdnf promoter IV transcription is induced upon activity-dependent CREB phosphorylation (Tao et al., 1998), these findings strongly suggest that the impairment in neuronal-activity dependent induction of Bdnf expression in CREmKI mice is due…
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7,303
…performed lip repairs are commonly presented in an attempt to increase objectivity (McComb, 1985; Boo-Chai, 1987; Lohmander-Agerskov et al., 1990; Bertolini et al., 2000; Haramoto et al., 2000; Braumann et al., 2001; Al-Qattan, 2002; Braumann et al., 2002; Lee et al., 2004; McComb, 2009;…
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7,304
This is the case of the endangered giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), which is considered a global icon of biodiversity conservation (Liu et al., 2001; Loucks et al., 2001; Mackinnon and De Wulf, 1994).
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7,305
Similar results have been obtained by a study performed in the North Indian population (31), which found that the genotypes MMP-2 (CT) and TIMP-2 (GC) increased genetic tendency towards prostate cancer by 1.
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result
7,306
A recent study suggested that alteration in the expression level of extracellular matrix proteins may contribute to the development of obesity-associated adipose tissue growth (7).
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7,307
As discussed above, it has often been suggested that members of the HD-Zip I and II families function as developmental regulators, specifically being involved in regulation of developmental adaptation to environmental stress conditions (e.g. Meijer et al. 1997; Lee and Chun 1998; Scarpella et al. 2000, 2002; Manavella et al. 2006; Komatsuda et al. 2007).
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7,308
(iv) To compare split-read patterns between species, the species specific reference operons where aligned usingclustalw (28) and the mapped read coordinates transferred onto the alignment.
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method
7,309
…and oxygen isotope ratios of the particles studied by the PE team are very similar to those of the equilibrated LL chondrites (Nakamura et al. 2011; Yurimoto et al. 2011), which match the spectroscopic observations by the Hayabusa spacecraft (e.g., Fujiwara et al. 2006; Abe et al. 2006; Okada et…
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7,310
Neurabins I and II also inhibit the phosphorylase phosphatase activity of PP1c (1, 32, 33).
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7,311
This is because of the high levels of oxidative stress (OS) in different tissues, and their mechanisms for adapting to sudden microenvironmental changes [21, 23, 33, 64, 100, 101, 107–118].
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7,312
Since the results were reported in (Kanda et al. 2004 d) in detail, here we only briefly describe the results, with a particular focus on longitudinal interaction.
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7,313
(IS) innovations.(13) Building on the early research of Bhattacherjee,(11) a number of researchers have recently examined user IS continuance for various systems in different contexts.
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7,314
Neurotrauma is a significant public health problem (Andelic et al., 2009; Selassie et al., 2008).
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7,315
Room impulse responses from the location of speech source to microphones are modeled by image-source method [13], and a Matlab code implementation [14] is used to generate the microphone array data.
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method
7,316
One unavoidable possibility is bias in response to populations from different ethnic backgrounds (Snowden, 2003, Whaley, 1998).
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7,317
9) has been observed to be a site for fatigue crack nucleation at low applied stress level ( max= 13 Y), where the combination of cyclic and residual stress is not enough to cause stress relaxation (Peters et al., 2002).
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7,318
Four viral proteins are able to bind nonspecifically to RNA (VP2, VP3, NSP2 and NSP5) [3, 24, 33] and three bind specifically to rotavirus mRNA sequences (VP1, NSP1 and NSP3) [4, 15, 23, 27].
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7,319
Cx43 expression is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation, as shown by in vitro (Azzam et al., 2003) and in vivo studies (Kasper et al., 1996; Liu et al., 1997; Amino et al., 2006).
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7,320
All the above empirical studies examined innate immunity [‘a set of disease-resistance mechanisms that are not specific to a particular pathogen’ (Goldsby et al., 2000)]: a shared feature of vertebrate and invertebrate immunity (Hultmark, 1993; Vilmos & Kurucz, 1998).
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7,321
The closer a landmark is to a target location, the more precise is the information it provides (Cheng et al. 1987; Cheng 1990; Kamil and Jones 1997).
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In a review of 65 studies on children's physical activity (ages 3e12) and the built environment, Ding et al. (2011) find that the most consistent correlates with physical activity include access/ proximity to recreation facilities, traffic speed/volume, mixed land use, residential density and…
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7,323
This induced membrane permeability could be exploited to facilitate the transfer of materials across membranes [10–13].
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7,324
A type definition defines a possibly polymorphic type by giving the set of function symbols to which variables of that type may be bound as well as the type of the arguments of those functors [13].
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7,325
wage (IWT) and equal wage treatment (EWT) reported in Abeler et al. (2010). Effort levels in NoCom are substantially higher than in EWT.
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7,326
The model to be presented below is an extension of Parke’s (1999) Error Duration Model, and the exposition follows that of Parke (1999) for ease of comparison.
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7,327
Species living solitary or in dispersed groups are assumed to exhibit polygynandrous mating systems (e.g. Kappeler 1997b; Eberle and Kappeler 2002; Radespiel et al. 2002) and were thus lumped in one category with species living in cohesive groups.
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7,328
There is controversy over whether precut papillotomy increases the risk of perforation as compared to sphincterotomy alone [17].
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7,329
…it is also in the same quantitative range as the induction of BDNF, a neurotrophic mediator of exercise in the brain, as well as cFOS, ARC, and ZIF268, important indicators for the activity state of neurons (Hunt et al., 1987; Lyford et al., 1995; Rusak et al., 1990; Saffen et al., 1988).
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7,330
Many of the proposed sound-source mechanisms involve vortex sound production, either by radial vibration processes (e.g., Abdullah 1966) or flow instabilities (Georges 1976), and corotating multiple vortices (e.g., Mitchell et al. 1992).
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7,331
Results of the optimal TLC thresholds and the corresponding combinations of sensitivity and specificity from the outpatient study and the results of the literature review were quite similar, while both were different from those reported among HIV-infected populations in other countries [19–22].
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7,332
Although diversity exists between species and the sexes, EDHF makes a large contribution to endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in various vascular beds in men and nonpregnant women (3, 7, 21, 24, 25, 30, 31).
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…spectral-notch attributable to the pinna and the pinna-dependent ILDs was most prominent for sound frequencies between 12 and 24 kHz in the rat (Koka et al., 2008); hence, tone frequency response sensitivities were probed between 2 and 32 kHz as described in detail previously (Polley et al.,…
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7,334
DNA was prepared from kanS colonies by the methods of Belisle or Santos (Belisle & Sonnenberg, 1998; Santos et al., 1992).
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7,335
Many important aspects of AF pathophysiology have been described [4, 23], and various studies have demonstrated that the genetic background plays a significant role in its pathogenesis [14, 43, 46].
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7,336
In china, variations in intakes of vitamin A and C were significantly different in different seasons (42).
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7,337
Both of the studies conducted by Dhandu and Angel (2003) and Yan et al. (2001) also focused on broilers older than those used in this experiment, a developmental stage where broilers are less sensitive to nPP (Nelson et al., 1990), which may explain the difference in results obtained.
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7,338
Also, we previously found that PFD decreases the content of mouse liver CuZn-SOD, mGSTA3, cytochrome P450 proteins (cyt P450) and CA III [47, 48].
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7,339
Using these adjusted ages, we then used a retrospective technique to estimate the completion of these key fitness traits had these males and females lived to senescence (52).
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7,340
The type I–selective nature of PPARa activation of transcription in skeletal muscle is particularly interesting given that statin-induced muscle degeneration occurs preferentially in type II skeletal muscle fibers with a reduced effect observed in type I fibers (Reijneveld et al., 1996; Smith et al., 1991; Waclawik et al., 1993; Westwood et al., 2005).
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7,341
We then employed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves [34] to measure the performance of DGCA and EBcoexpress on detecting the 114 truly differentially correlated gene pairs out of the total 179,700 gene pairs, for six different numbers of simulated samples in each condition, i.e., n = 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, and 100.
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7,342
6% is comparable to other reported series/platforms [2,11–20], despite the inherent bias toward lower rates based on the real-world referral base and higher percentage of individuals with ASD in this population.
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7,343
It is particularly used for the treatment of ovarian, testicular, esophageal, head and neck cancers (Liu et al., 1998; Mansour et al., 2002; Zicca et al., 2002; Hanigan and Devarajan, 2003).
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…(GA; Serifoglu and Ulusoy, 2004; Oguz and Ercan, 2005; Engin et al, 2011), ant colony optimization (ACO; Ying and Lin, 2006), iterated greedy (IG; Ying, 2009), particle swarm optimization (PSO; Tseng and Liao, 2008; Chou, 2013), artificial bee colony (ABC; Lin et al, 2013a), shuffled…
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Recent studies have reported that oxidant stress is associated with AF, and EPA has antioxidant effect in various cells (8, 14, 22, 44).
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…stimulates spindle pole targeting of p60 Because the con80 domain enhances microtubule binding by p60 and because localization of katanin at mitotic spindle poles requires intact microtubules (McNally and Thomas, 1998), we hypothesized that con80 might influence spindle pole targeting of p60.
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7,347
unilateral papillitis and a pre-papillary vitreous opacity similar to the patients described in this series [4].
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7,348
Standard EMSA studies were performed essentially as described by Rey et al. (2005), with appropriate PCR products and purified His-tagged SugR protein (SugRHis).
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7,349
Our results corroborate the documented drainage re-organization that occurred on the Indo-Gangetic plains, and the theory that beginning around 5 MY ago and completed by 0.3 MYago the major tributaries of the Ganges in Punjab were gradually re-routed into the Indus (Clift and Blusztajn 2005).
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7,350
Sampling of field leaves and roots indicated that an individual plant hosts a subset of the 92 seed-infecting fungi (Shipunov et al., 2008; Newcombe et al., 2009).
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7,351
Next, backward and forward searches were performed for each relevant article, according to the guidelines provided by Levy and Ellis (2006) and Webster and Watson (2002). Backward searches included the sub-steps of backward references search, for example the work of Eng (2006) cited in Tomislav et al. (2014) and Chan and Chong (2013), backward authors search (e.
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7,352
This construction, pPUSIG, was mobilized by conjugation from Es. coli S17-1 λpir into Er. carotovora subsp. carotovora SCC3193 as described by de Lorenzo & Timmis (1994).
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7,353
This study employed the bootstrapping method and the SPSS macro provided by Preacher and Hayes (2008) to test the model with two mediators.
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7,354
, qSDND) in the ND24260  Flagship DH population (Hickey et al., 2012), with the allele for both QTL (i.
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7,355
In accord with those studies and consistent with the recently published study by Patsch et al, and Cao et al. showing that obesity resulted in significant bone loss, particularly in the trabecular architecture in young C57BL/6J male mice (Cao et al., 2009; Patsch et al., in press).
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7,356
Care in the succeeding days included analgesia, antibiotics, and high-calorie dietary supplementation as described previously (Chen et al. 1996, 1999, 2014; Chen and Wolpaw 2002).
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7,357
GHLab is a software that utilizes shifts in acceleration to define time events according to the Dynamic Adaptive Piston Pump (DAPP) principle describing the heart as a mechanical pump controlled by its inflow [23].
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7,358
We make use of Naive Bayes [14] and Support Vector Machine classifiers for these experiments.
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method
7,359
Basal ATP concentrations in the bulk medium of unstimulated CFs are low, but the concentrations of released nucleotides near the cell surface may be sufficient to activate adjacent P2Y receptors and contribute to basal signaling (48, 49).
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In [11], we observed that while the our segment-based speech recognition systems performs well in clean speech, the system has difficulty placing landmarks (representing phonetic transitions) in the presence of noise and often produces poor recognition hypotheses.
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[4] reported that, compared with the syndrome scales, the CBCL DOSs evidenced a similar degree of internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and cross-informant agreement.
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7,362
thaliana from the following sources, GenBank [4], FlyBase [6], ExPASy [2,7], HUGO [5], ENSEMBL [3], UCSC [8], and Gene Ontology [9].
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…studies show that colonies of Aurelia spp. polyps are mainly distributed on artificial constructions off the coasts of Japan, the UK, France and the Mediterranean (Miyake et al., 2002; Ishii & Katsukoshi, 2010; Duarte et al., 2012; Malej et al., 2012; Marques et al., 2015; Vodopivec et al., 2017).
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However, the persistence of antibody responses long after malaria transmission has ceased has been reported in a non-endemic region of Brazil and in a low transmission area in Thailand, and long-lived anti-CSP antibody responses have been detected in the absence of a blood-stage infection [25, 26].
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7,365
H-type BSE has been described in cattle from France [11], Germany [1], Japan [12], the Netherlands [13], Poland [14], Switzerland [15], the United Kingdom [16], Canada [17], and the United States [18].
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It is well known that platelet adhesion to pFN, mediated by aIIbb3 with contributions from a5b1 and other integrins, plays a critical role for hemostasis (Wang et al., 2014; Ni et al., 2003b).
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7,367
In compiling this list we gave consideration to gaining as wide a range of opinion as possible so as to ensure a fair representation of how the implementation of iCCM was experienced in Ghana [36].
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method
7,368
Assuming the well-known Kronecker correlation structure [10–13] we can decompose H as H = R 1 2HwS 1 2 (2) where R and S are the receive and transmit correlation matrices respectively, satisfying tr (R) = Nr and tr (S) = Nt, and the elements of Hw are i.
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7,369
Moreover, considering the fact that observers have previously rated the images with higher colorfulness values as being of higher quality [3] we can state that memory color reproduction influences the preferred color reproduction of the objects [14].
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7,370
Yet similar to [21], their estimator depends on the approximation of a general graph to tree and also requires the maximum number of sources.
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When growing in a cobalt-deficient medium, degradation rate and growth rate were significantly reduced [35].
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Furthermore, those bands are commonly used in vegetation studies [16–18] and the segmented area consists mainly of different forms of vegetation.
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Such relationships between tissue [N] and two morphological parameters, SRL and tissue density, were also found in some studies with multiple species; for example, the variability of root tissue [N] in herbs and woody plants was strongly associated with tissue density and weakly with SRL (Roumet et al. 2006; Comas and Eissenstat 2009; Kong et al. 2014).
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7,374
The speech recognizer that we used for the evaluation was based on a multi-condition convolutional neural network (CNN) acoustic model and a recurrent neural network (RNN) language model [29] in addition to a trigram language model.
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(MEA) reported over-regularization rates for each of 25 children from the CHILDES database of transcripts (MacWhinney, 2000).
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To visualize the organization of the six MBDs at the atomic level, we developed a full-length model of the six MBDs by integrating current structural and biophysical data (Dmitriev et al. 2016; Yu et al. 2017a).
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7,377
IETF standardised VoIP is a combination of four predominate standards: RFC3261: Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [18], RFC2327: Session Description Protocol (SDP) [12], RFC3550: Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) [19], and later RFC3711: The Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) [3].
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7,378
Upon initial pulmonary infection, a subset of C. neoformans cells differentiate into enlarged titan cells with a thick cell wall and a highly crosslinked capsule (Feldmesser et al., 2001; Okagaki et al., 2010; Zaragoza et al., 2010).
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7,379
The pressure-intercept is fixed at 140 GPa, derived from the inflection pressure of SiO2 glass reported by Murakami and Bass (2010).
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Gene function classification 48 We use single-variable slice sampling (Neal, 2003) to sample from the posterior distribution of hyperparameters.
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The Feasible-Infeasible Two-Population Genetic Algorithm (FI2PopGA) [3, 4, 5, 6, 7] retains infeasible solutions whose evolutionary selection is based on fitness measured as distance from feasibility.
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Ubiquitination of the endocytic machinery may also be essential for endocytosis (64).
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7,383
100 million years ago (mya), and duplication of the alcohol dehydrogenase encoding gene and genes encoding hexose transporters [4,11] have been proposed as a possible molecular background for development of Crabtree effect and the ‘‘makeaccumulate-consume’’ strategy in the S.
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Analysis of this partial sex chromosome sequence revealed that the contig contains the previously identified W marker Pv72W and contig C1, but not the Z marker Pv71Z [27,28] (Figure 1a).
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Pulmonary function tests were performed according to the standards of the European Community of Coal and Steel [30].
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…within and 15.20% between assay for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Proficiency testing was conducted with DEQAS, CAP, API, and NIST for 25-hydroxyvitamin D and with DEQAS and CAP for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D as described previously (Smith et al. 2005a,b, 2008, 2009a, 2012b; Zwart et al. 2011b, 2013).
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We follow Gomes, Kogan, and Zhang (2003) and Gomes and Schmid (2012) in assuming that every period, there is a unit mass of potential entrant firms.
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Most early work assumed some limited amount of supervision (e.g., a small list of translation seeds) for this task, recent work has shown that unsupervised methods can perform on-par and often above early supervised methods [Artetxe et al., 2018a, Conneau et al., 2018].
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The overall sound level of control and other auditory stimuli was roved from 50 to 80 dB SPL in steps of 2 dB. Horizontal and vertical gaze positions were determined separately by a velocity criterion (Populin and Yin 1998; Tollin et al. 2005).
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However, this resistance to drought is much lower than observed for many Pulmonates which may survive several months or even more to the desiccation (Barbosa and Barbosa 1959; Cridland 1967; Véra et al. 1994).
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Initially, utterance-dependent generative models were obtained by MAP adapting an appropriate gender-dependent background model using the provided gender information.
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Although FGF23 and FGF2 can both induce hypertrophic growth of cardiac myocytes, FGF23 does so primarily by stimulating PLCg/calcineurin/NFAT signaling, whereas FGF2 activates the Ras/MAPK signaling axis (Faul et al., 2011).
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intermedia, mapped in previous studies (NLGANSIETDVSFDDNANPEYTYHGIP, SKKYENFN DFLKGLR and NCNKNDHLFACW) (19, 21).
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The affected follicular structure is unable to develop terminal hair and sebaceous glands, producing only soft keratin and, more rarely, vellus hair that occludes the adnexal ostia instead (4,7).
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The methods of animal training, stimulus delivery, and physiological recording have been described previously (Malone et al. 2002, 2007, 2010, 2014; Scott et al. 2007, 2009, 2011).
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First, this information is the basis for ecological models and predictions of the future invasive distribution of H. axyridis (Poutsma et al. 2008; Bidinger et al. 2012).
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The above estimator generalizes the estimator in Sriperumbudur et al., 2017 to conditional densities.
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[4] mathematically proved the reconstruction of analog signals, with an error as low as required, from the pulses under certain conditions; thus, APC is an alternative to conventional ADC and has sparse representations, at least for certain impulsive classes of signals [5]–[7].
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…2016), swine wastewater (Reddy et al., 2001; Lee et al., 2004; Kantawanichkul & Somprasert, 2005; Tunçsiper et al., 2015), plant nursery runoff (Huett et al., 2005), barnyardmanure (Hill et al., 2000), winery wastewater (De la Varga et al., 2013; Serrano et al., 2011; Rozema et al., 2016),…
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