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[ "Isotonic contractions." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Types Of Skeletal Muscle Contractions • Isotonic Contractions: Tension produced and overall shortening of the muscle as a load is moved through the range of motion of the joint. – Isotonic contractions serve to bring about movement or change in body position. Example = flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, etc.", "(8) The calcium ions result in movement of troponin and tropomyosin on their thin filaments, and this enables the myosin molecule heads to “grab and swivel” their way along the thin filament. This is the driving force of muscle contraction.", "Types of contractions. When we think of a muscle contracting normally, we tend to think of the muscle shortening as it generates force. While it's true that this is a way of muscle contracting, there are many different ways that a muscle can generate force, as seen in Figure 1 below.", "Isotonic contractions are those which cause the muscle to change length as it contracts and causes movement of a body part. There are two types of Isotonic contraction: Concentric. Concentric contractions are those which cause the muscle to shorten as it contracts.", "Conversely, isometric muscle contraction is when contraction of a muscle does. result in either movement. any change in the length of the muscle itself (e.g. due to some other force such as the weight of an object opposing the force applied by the isometric muscle contraction).", "Isotonic Contractions. Isotonic contractions are those which cause the muscle to change length as it contracts causing movement. There are two types of isotonic contraction: -. Concentric. A concentric contraction is a type of muscle contraction in which the muscles shorten while generating force.", "Isotonic Muscle Contractions. Muscle contractions which result in movement are known as isotonic contractions. There are two types of isotonic muscle contraction-Concentric and Eccentric. Concentric Contractions. Concentric muscle contractions are the most common form of contraction.", "In addition to movement, muscle contraction also fulfills some other important functions in the body, such as posture, joint stability, and heat production. Posture, such as sitting and standing, is maintained as a result of muscle contraction." ], "url": [ "http://faculty.taftcollege.edu/dsheehy/includes/courses/Physiology7/Documents/11%20Types%20Of%20Skeletal%20Muscle%20Contractions.pdf", "http://meat.tamu.edu/ansc-307-honors/muscle-contraction/", "http://muscle.ucsd.edu/musIntro/contractions.shtml", "http://www.teachpe.com/anatomy/types_of_muscle_contractions.php", "http://www.ivyroses.com/HumanBody/Muscles/Types-of-Muscle-Contractions.php", "http://www.netfit.co.uk/articles/fitness_articles/types_muscle_contractions.htm", "http://www.sportsinjuryclinic.net/anatomy/human-muscles/muscle-contractions", "http://www.training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/muscular/" ] }

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[ "$69,876" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "With a pay rate for Finance Managers that is 47 percent greater than the national average, San Jose offers a comfortable salary for those in this profession. Finance Managers will also find cushy salaries in San Francisco (+29 percent), Houston (+18 percent), Seattle (+15 percent), and Dallas (+14 percent). ", "Financial Manager Salary. (United States). A Financial Manager earns an average salary of $66,263 per year. For the first five to ten years in this position, pay increases sharply, but any additional experience does not have a big effect on pay. ", "The average salary for a financial manager was $126,660 in 2013. That salary is high compared with other occupations on our list of the Best Business Jobs. For example, a financial analyst made a mean salary of $91,620 in 2013, a management analyst made $89,990 and a financial advisor made $99,920.", "Salary and Qualifications. The average salary for a financial operations manager at a non-profit organization was $67,000 as of 2013, according to the job site Indeed. The minimum educational requirement for this job is a bachelor's degree in finance, business, accounting or economic", "Salary Outlook. Financial management jobs tend to pay well. The median salary for the profession was $112,700 in 2013, with the lowest-paid managers earning less than $61,320 and the highest-paid earning more than $187,199. The best-paid in the profession work in the metropolitan areas of New York City, San Francisco and Bridgeport, Connecticut. For example, a financial analyst made a mean salary of $91,620 in 2013, a management analyst made $89,990 and a financial advisor made $99,920.", "Salary by Region. In 2013, average annual salaries for car dealership finance managers varied considerably in some U.S. regions. In the South region, they earned the highest salaries of $96,000 in Washington, D.C., and the lowest of $47,000 in Mississippi, according to Simply Hired. For example, a finance manager making $60,000 in Fort Wayne, IN, would need to make $93,352 in Boston to enjoy the same living standard, according to CNN Money's Cost of Living calculator.", "Finance Manager Salary. Finance Manager average salary is $69,876, median salary is $67,059 with a salary range from $20,235 to $200,000. Finance Manager salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. ", "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Finance & Insurance Manager in the United States is $74,674 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Finance & Insurance Manager in the United States are expected to make less than $74,674. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. Median $74,674. 1 Salary. ", "$64,000. Average Finance Manager salaries for job postings in Texas are 3% lower than average Finance Manager salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "Regional Salaries. In 2013, average salaries for financial operations managers at non-profit organizations varied the most within the West region, according to Indeed, where they earned the lowest salaries of $44,000 in Hawaii and highest of $73,000 in California. The average salary for a financial operations manager at a non-profit organization was $67,000 as of 2013, according to the job site Indeed." ], "url": [ "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Finance_Manager/Salary", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Financial_Manager/Salary", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/financial-manager/salary", "http://work.chron.com/average-salary-financial-operations-manager-nonprofit-organization-26555.html", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/financial-manager/salary", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-average-finance-person-make-car-dealership-23417.html", "http://www.salarylist.com/jobs/Finance-Manager-Salary.htm", "http://www1.salary.com/Finance-and-Insurance-Manager-salary.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Finance-Manager-l-Texas.html", "http://work.chron.com/average-salary-financial-operations-manager-nonprofit-organization-26555.html" ] }

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[ "1. Fill the bottom of the pan with a layer of water. 2. Add the vinegar. 3. Bring the pan to the boil. It should be looking a bit cleaner already. 4. Remove the pan from the heat and add the baking soda. Expect fizz! 5.Empty the pan and scour as normal; if necessary add an extra bit of dry baking soda.6. If there are any super stubborn marks that don't come off with scouring, make a paste of baking soda and a couple of drops of water." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "2. Clean any burn marks from the cookware. If your pan has heat damage (for example, from being left on a lit burner for too long), you may be able to clean it off using baking soda. Make sure the pan is completely dry, then sprinkle a generous amount of baking soda onto the surface. If you hand dry your pans, water spots are not likely to be a problem. If they occur, swish some club soda around in each pan. Rinse them off, and then wipe them dry with a clean cloth. 1 Alternatively, you can try soaking the pan in vinegar, then clean as usual with a mild detergent and soft cloth.", "Instructions. The best way to remove a burn from the bottom of a pot or pan is to turn off the heat as soon as you notice that the food is sticking to the bottom of the pan because it's burning. Let the pot sit for about 1/2 hour until it is almost cool or cool to the touch. Empty the contents out of the pan. Then, us a metal spoon or pancake turner to scrape the bottom. Usually, the burned on food will come off. Soak the pan in warm water and soap, and scrape again until the food is off. If the food is burned on after you wait, then the pan or pot of food is probably ruined.", "Instructions. 1. Fill the bottom of the pan with a layer of water. 2. Add the vinegar. 3. Bring the pan to the boil. It should be looking a bit cleaner already. 4. Remove the pan from the heat and add the baking soda. Expect fizz! 5. Empty the pan and scour as normal; if necessary add an extra bit of dry baking soda. 6. If there are any super stubborn marks that don't come off with scouring, make a paste of baking soda and a couple of drops of water.", "To start, add a few drops of dish soap to the dirty pan. Next, you'll need to add 1 tablespoon of baking soda and fill the pan ¼ of the way with water. Put the pan on high and let it simmer for a while. Once the pot has simmered for a few minutes, pour the hot liquid down the drain. ", "1 You can also add a little water to the baking soda to achieve a paste-like consistency. 2 If you're really having trouble with burn marks, try a mildly-abrasive cleaner, such as Bar Keeper's Friend. 3 Just sprinkle a generous amount onto the bottom of your pan and add a little water to form a paste. If you hand dry your pans, water spots are not likely to be a problem. If they occur, swish some club soda around in each pan. Rinse them off, and then wipe them dry with a clean cloth. 1 Alternatively, you can try soaking the pan in vinegar, then clean as usual with a mild detergent and soft cloth.", "Instructions. Rinse the bottom of the pan off with warm running water. Scrub on the pan with a nonabrasive sponge to remove any loose debris. Combine 3 tsp. of dish washing liquid with 2 tbsp. of baking soda. Scrub on the outside of the pan with a washcloth or nonabrasive sponge. Soak the pan in the sink with 2 cups of white vinegar, if the stain remains. Allow the pan to soak for 30 minutes to one hour. Rinse the pan with hot water.", "1. Put your dingy old pot or pan on a stovetop burner. Fill to the top with water. 2. Turn the burner on and bring to a boil. Let boil for 20 minutes. 3. After 20 minutes, the brown and black staining should be loosened from the pan. Test this by scraping lightly with a wooden spoon. ", "Apply the paste over the burn and allow the baking soda to sit overnight. Scrub on the pan with a nonabrasive sponge or washcloth and rinse the pan with warm water. Dry the pan with a towel to remove all excess water. Brighten the pan by rubbing a cut lemon on the outside and inside of the cookware. Combine 3 tsp. of dish washing liquid with 2 tbsp. of baking soda. Scrub on the outside of the pan with a washcloth or nonabrasive sponge. Soak the pan in the sink with 2 cups of white vinegar, if the stain remains. Allow the pan to soak for 30 minutes to one hour. Rinse the pan with hot water.", "Continue to heat the oil until it begins to smoke. As the pan heats and the oil melts, the molecules on the surface of the stainless steel will expand and the fat from the oil will become embedded into the pan, thereby coating the pan with a non-stick surface. 4. Turn off the heat. Once the pan begins to smoke, turn off the heat and allow the oil to cool completely. If you hand dry your pans, water spots are not likely to be a problem. If they occur, swish some club soda around in each pan. Rinse them off, and then wipe them dry with a clean cloth. 1 Alternatively, you can try soaking the pan in vinegar, then clean as usual with a mild detergent and soft cloth.", "Then, carefully place the pan onto the stovetop and turn the burner on. Allow the solution to boil for 20 minutes. Next, remove the cookware from the heat and run it under water to remove the burnt layer. Then, using baking soda, scrub the bottom of the pan. Finally, rinse under water" ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Clean-Stainless-Steel-Cookware", "http://www.ehow.com/how_5381376_remove-stains-kitchen-pan-pot.html", "http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/how-to-clean-burnt-pots-scorched-pans-140547", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=590HAW---ts", "http://www.wikihow.com/Clean-Stainless-Steel-Cookware", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8754209_remove-burn-outside-pan.html", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-clean-burnton-stains-fr-107750", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8754209_remove-burn-outside-pan.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Clean-Stainless-Steel-Cookware", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/13/remove-burnt-stains-from-stainless-cookware_n_1773613.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Rebooting your computer will not get rid of the virus. If you reformat it will. Just put in the disk that came with your computer and it will put it back to the way it was when you took it out of the box. If you want to clean it up run the scans below. Update and run your Anti-Virus program.", "Unfortunately, restarting your computer won't get rid of the viruses. What you need is a program called an 'anti-virus'. This program deletes any virus' etc. on your computer. Get a anti-virus program for free by looking up either 'AVG anti virus' or 'Trend Micro anti virus'.", "Rebooting your computer will not get rid of the virus. If you reformat it will. Just put in the disk that came with your computer and it will put it back to the way it was when you took it out of the box. If you want to clean it up run the scans below.", "The select Uninstall from the Windows Live screen. Select Family Safety to remove it. Once it s all done you get the following dialog box. As a precaution, I decided to reboot my computer even though it did not ask for it. Tags: Software. This entry was posted on Saturday, April 18th, 2009 at 12:24 pm and is filed under Blog.", "To remove the Windows.Family.Safety registry keys and values: 1 On the Windows Start menu, click Run. 2 In the Open box, type regedit and click OK. 3 The Registry Editor window opens. 4 This window consists of two panes. 5 The left pane displays folders that represent the registry keys arranged in hierarchical order." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071102144721AAQRs6x", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071102144721AAQRs6x", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071102144721AAQRs6x", "http://www.sbsfaq.com/?p=725", "http://www.exterminate-it.com/malpedia/remove-windows-family-safety" ] }

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[ "$300 to $700 per window." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 This are called new construction windows, and can cost as much as 50-100 percent more than replacement windows, or $5,000-$40,000 for completely rebuilding all the windows in a home.", "1 Be sure the estimate includes disposing of the old windows. 2 Replacing non-standard-sized windows requires either custom windows or enlarging the old opening to accommodate a larger standard size, which can up costs by 50-100 percent per window.", "1 A window installer should remove the existing windows, install the new ones, cleanup and dispose of the old windows, and wash the new windows. 2 Estimates are usually based on united inches, which is equal to the sum of the length and width of each window; a 40x55-inch window is 95 united inches.", "Cost Factors. Replacing a window costs an average of $300 to $700 per window. This assumes that the replacement window is going into an existing and structurally sound frame on a ground floor. Replacing windows in a typical three-bedroom, single-story home with ten windows can cost from $3,000 to $7,000.", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Replacement Window Installation project. For a basic 1 window project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install Replacement Windows ranges between $340.04 - $593.63 per window.", "There is a huge range in window replacement costs -- anywhere from $100 at home depot to over a $1000 for a Pella casement window. The average replacement window cost is $300-$700 for a single window inserted into existing frames. This would equate to $3,000 to $10,000 for a home with about ten windows. A 30- by 48-inch window can range anywehere from $150 to $500.", "This does not include installation, which will run somewhere in the neighborhood of $200 per window. A good place to start to figure out how much vinyl windows cost is your local Home Depot or Lowes Home Improvement stores. For additional information on vinyl windows costs, see our window replacement cost estimator. Home Depot vinyl windows are going to average (in 2009) $200-$350, depending on the type of replacement window you choose." ], "url": [ "http://home.costhelper.com/window-replacement.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/window-replacement.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/window-replacement.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/doors-and-windows/window-replacement/", "http://homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_replacement_windows.html", "http://www.windowreplacementic.com/articles/replacement-windows-costs/", "http://www.windowreplacementic.com/articles/how-much-do-vinyl-windows-cost/" ] }

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[ "In baseball, batting a thousand would mean getting a base hit in every at bat. It means the multiple of 1,000 which is closest to a specific number." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. Batting 1.000 means 100% success at an endeavor. In baseball, that endeavor is advancing to first base when batting. If a batter is walked every time he comes to bat, he is still batting 1.000. Similarly, if the batter hits a home run each time he comes to bat, he still batting 1.000. It means that the person has gotten a hit in every at bat. So...as an idiom used in every day conversation, it means that a person is so successful he has never failed at something. E.g, The stock broker's recommendations so far have all skyrocketed. He is batting a 1000!", "Somebody batting a thousand had a base hit in each of his or her at bats. Baseball statistics that call themselves percentages are generally out of 1,000, not 100. Batting average is the number of hits per thousand at bats. So somebody batting three hundred has 300 hits per 1,000 at bats, and somebody batting 1,000 has 1,000 hits per thousand at bats. Since 1941 no Major League Baseball player has ever hit over 400 in a full season", "A slang term in business meaning that no mistakes have been made. For example, a salesman is batting a thousand if the recipients of all of his cold calls for the day agree to purchase his products. The term is derived from the baseball statistic in which 1.000 indicates a perfect batting average. ", "Those are called batting One Hundred, Two Hundred, on up. If you bat perfectly, where you get a hit for every at bat (1.000) you're batting A Thousand. The Hits and At Bats are added to one another from game to game to come up with a season average. So Three Fifty is getting a Hit 35 times out of every 100 At Bats. ", "be batting a thousand. to do something extremely well and better than you had hoped to do it Gloria felt she was batting a thousand. She'd got everything she asked for when she saw her boss. ", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: It is a reference to a batting average in baseball. It means that the person has gotten a hit in every at bat. So...as an idiom used in every day conversation, it means that a person is so successful he has never failed at something. E.g, The stock broker's recommendations so far have all skyrocketed. He is batting a 1000!", "batting 100. Batting 100 is when you are NOT doing perfectly, and so you are Batting 100 as in baseball, where you would be batting 1000. Life isn't baseball, get over it, its just a metaphor. Man, I can't get anyone to bring me sushi.. I'm batting 100 today!", "In baseball, batting a thousand would mean getting a base hit in every at bat. It means the multiple of 1,000 which is closest to a specific number. An example. Round 3,244 to the nearest thousand. The two multiples of 1,000 either side of this number ar … e 3,000 & 4,000.", "When you bat 1000, that means that you get a base hit every single time you bat, not including walks. That means that you never make an out when you bat. That is obviously impossible. The best batters bat right around the .333 mark, meaning 1 hit for every 3 at bats. Everyone has a different opinion on what is a good BA, but I'd say if a player hits .285 - .300, thats good. Anything over .300 is great. The calculation is just hits divided by at bats. So a .285 average would mean that in 1000 at bats, he got 285 hits.", "Best Answer: 1000 would mean the player gets a hit at every at bat. Usually if a guy gets one hit per 3 at bats (1/3 = .333 batting average), thats REALLY good. Everyone has a different opinion on what is a good BA, but I'd say if a player hits .285 - .300, thats good. Anything over .300 is great. The calculation is just hits divided by at bats. So a .285 average would mean that in 1000 at bats, he got 285 hits." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071118153345AAQv5K4", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_batting_1000_mean", "http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Batting+1000", "http://www.theinternethittingcoach.com/batting-average.html", "http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/be+batting+a+thousand", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20071118153345AAQv5K4", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=batting%20100", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_batting_a_thousand_mean", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080428082906AAagCPY", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080428082906AAagCPY" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Rapture is an event, in which the Lord Jesus Christ will call-up all the truly saved Christians. The rapture occurs before the tribulation, and the Mark of the Beast. If someone has truly received the Lord Jesus Christ as their personal Saviour, they will not be on the earth during the Tribulation. And if you refuse the mark. . . You can not buy or sell: And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.", "Asker's rating. Report Abuse. Since the Anti Christ cannot be reveled until the restrainer is taken out of the way the mark of the beast will happen after the rapture....the beast comes after the Anti Christ is revealed and the restrainer is the Blood bought Church is taken out of the way. Yes the Bible teaches a seven year tribulation. Report Abuse. I dont have time to get my bible to get an exact verse but i have read through the bible many times. yes I do strongly believe in the 7 year tribulation and I dont think anyone truely knows what will happen first, the mark of the beast or the rapture because there is no direct quote in the Christian Bible.", "NOTE: The first resurrection (or rapture) will occur after Christians are beheaded for remaining faithful during the time of the antichrist, which includes not taking the mark of the beast. Compare to 2 Thess. 2:1-3. ", "Christians will NOT be raptured out of here before the antichrist comes to reign and there is no eternal security. Do not be deceived by Tim LaHaye, Dave Hunt, Jack Van Impe or anyone else, including Hal Lindsey. To receive the mark of the beast means you will not enter God's kingdom after death. Victory over the antichrist and his mark is spelled out in Rev. 12:11. Memorize the following verse and act upon it! They overcame him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony; they did not love their lives so much as to shrink from death. Regardless what happens do NOT take the mark of the beast.", "The first half is called The Tribulation. However, God named the second half-- The Great Tribulation. In His naming of this period of time, He reminds us that the second half of the seven year tribulation will be much worse than the first. And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. Here is wisdom.", "Well, whether the rapture is before or after the tribulation, the mark of the beast is still in the same position: after the first 3.5 years of the tribulation period. Page 2 of 2 First 1 2. Then just after a few verses, we see the mark of the beast. So the mark of the beast is at least after the first 3.5 years of the seven years tribulation.", "Mark of the Beast (666). God reveals the beast to us, through His Holy Word, the Bible. In the Word, God describes an unholy trinity, one that may already be in the making at this point in history. And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. Here is wisdom.", "This unholy trinity is that of Satan, Antichrist, and the False Prophet. In the scriptures, God reveals Antichrist as the Beast, who derives his power from Satan, the Dragon. Together, they will use the False Prophet, the Second Beast, to help them accomplish their evil works on planet earth. And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. Here is wisdom.", "You believe that the mark of the beast is AFTER the Rapture. People on this thread are getting so caught up in when the Rapture will occur that they are neglecting to give a direct answer to the question. Thanks again brother. Originally Posted by Rosinsky. The mark of the beast is post-rapture. When we look at Revelation 13:5, we see that we are in the middle of the seven years tribulation period. (Rev 13:5 - And there was given unto him a mouth speaking great things and blasphemies; and power was given unto him to continue forty and two months. [42 months]). Then just after a few verses, we see the mark of the beast. So the mark of the beast is at least after the first 3.5 years of the seven years tribulation." ], "url": [ "http://www.av1611.org/666/christian.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081124113042AAZYjEq", "http://www.evangelicaloutreach.org/post-tribulation-rapture.htm", "http://www.evangelicaloutreach.org/markofbeast.htm", "http://www.raptureready.com/abc/666.html", "http://christianchat.com/bible-discussion-forum/1039-mark-beast-post-rapture-2.html", "http://www.raptureready.com/abc/666.html", "http://www.raptureready.com/abc/666.html", "http://christianchat.com/bible-discussion-forum/1039-mark-beast-post-rapture-2.html" ] }

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[ "It is a clear, liquid, petroleum-based chemical that has a sweet smell.", "Benzene can cause vomiting, irritation of the stomach, dizziness, sleepiness, convulsions, rapid heart rate, and death." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Benzene Poisoning. Benzene is a clear, liquid, petroleum-based chemical that has a sweet smell. Benzene poisoning occurs when someone swallows, breathes in, or touches benzene. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. ", "Benzene is one of a small number of industrial chemicals that is recognized as a known human carcinogen. Benzene is especially toxic to the blood-forming organs, i.e., the bone marrow and other organs that can produce blood cells. What is Benzene? Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon; it has 6 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms in a hexagonal (ring) structure. Discovered by the English scientist Michael Faraday in 1825, it was named benzene in 1845 by A.W. von Hofmann, the German chemist, who detected it in coal tar.", "Benzene Health Effects: Acute and Chronic. Benzene is a toxic chemical that occurs naturally in the environment but is also used by man in a wide range of products. Exposure to this chemical can result in a range of side effects, which can be acute or chronic, and can be deadly. Long term exposure or high level exposure to benzene can result in a number of ailments, and this chemical has been branded a class A carcinogenic by the Environmental Protection Agency.", "Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C 6 H 6. Its molecule is composed of 6 carbon atoms joined in a ring, with 1 hydrogen atom attached to each carbon atom. Because its molecules contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms, benzene is classed as a hydrocarbon. Benzene is a natural constituent of crude oil, and is one of the most elementary petrochemicals. Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon and the second [ n ]- annulene ([6]-annulene), a cyclic hydrocarbon with a continuous pi bond.", "Workers in industries that make or use benzene may be exposed to high levels of this chemical. These include the rubber industry, oil refineries, chemical plants, shoe manufacturers, and gasoline-related industries. Benzene is also used to make some types of lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Other people who may be exposed to benzene at work include steel workers, printers, lab technicians, gas station employees, and firefighters. Benzene is known to cause cancer, based on evidence from studies in both people and lab animals. The link between benzene and cancer has largely focused on leukemia and cancers of other blood cells.", "Human exposure to benzene has been associated with a range of acute and long-term adverse health effects and diseases, including cancer and aplastic anaemia. Exposure can occur occupationally and domestically as a result of the ubiquitous use of benzene-containing petroleum products, including motor fuels and solvents. 7  Benzene is a moderate eye irritant and a skin irritant. Benzene is a well-established cause of cancer in humans. Chronic exposure to benzene can reduce the production of both red and white blood. cells from bone marrow in humans, resulting in", "Benzene is also used to make some types of rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Natural sources of benzene include volcanoes and forest fires. Benzene is also a natural part of crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette smoke. Benzene is widely used in the United States; it ranks in the top 20 chemicals for production volume. Some industries use benzene to make other chemicals which are used to make plastics, resins, and nylon and synthetic fibers.", "Eating or drinking foods containing high levels of benzene can cause vomiting, irritation of the stomach, dizziness, sleepiness, convulsions, rapid heart rate, and death. The major effect of benzene from long-term exposure is on the blood. Benzene causes harmful effects on the bone marrow and can cause a decrease in red blood cells leading to anemia. It can also cause excessive bleeding and can affect the immune system, increasing the chance for infection. Benzene is also used to make some types of rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Natural sources of benzene include emissions from volcanoes and forest fires. Benzene is also a natural part of crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette smoke.", "Benzene can also be absorbed through the skin during contact with a source such as gasoline, but because liquid benzene evaporates quickly, this is less common. People can be exposed to benzene at work, in the general environment, and through the use of some consumer products. Benzene is known to cause cancer, based on evidence from studies in both people and lab animals. The link between benzene and cancer has largely focused on leukemia and cancers of other blood cells." ], "url": [ "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/poison/benzene-ingestion/overview.html", "http://toxictorts.com/index.php/toxic-chemicals/benzene", "http://www.cleanwaterpartners.org/benzene/health-effects.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzene", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/intheworkplace/benzene", "http://www.who.int/ipcs/features/benzene.pdf", "http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=14", "http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/TF.asp?id=38&tid=14", "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/intheworkplace/benzene" ] }

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[ "Gram negative rod shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature (e.g. fresh water, salt water, or soil)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Elizabethkingia meningoseptica strains either are not pigmented or produce a weak yellow nondiffusible pigment (e.g., the type strain; Bruun and Ursing, 1987), in contrast members of all Chryseobacterium species produce a yellow to orange nondiffusible flexirubin type pigment. In 1994, it was reclassified in the genus Chryseobacterium and renamed Chryseobacterium meningosepticum (chryseos = golden in Greek, so Chryseobacterium means a golden/yellow rod similar to Flavobacterium).", "The English-language literature from the PubMed database was reviewed. The incidence of E. meningoseptica bacteraemia has increased over the last decade. Patients at high risk of E. meningoseptica infection include preterm children, the immunocompromised and those exposed to antibiotics in critical care units. Vancomycin, rifampicin, newer fluoroquinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam, minocycline and possibly tigecycline are preferred empirical choices for E. meningoseptica infection according to in-vitro susceptibility data.", "Two species of Elizabethkingia have recently been found to be abundant on the leaf and root surfaces of the tropical tree Gnetum gnemon, in Malaysia (Oh et al. 2012, in press) (Oh, Y., Kim M., et al. Adams J.M in press 2012. Distinctive bacterial communities in the rhizoplane of four tropical tree species. In 1994, it was reclassified in the genus Chryseobacterium and renamed Chryseobacterium meningosepticum (chryseos = golden in Greek, so Chryseobacterium means a golden/yellow rod similar to Flavobacterium).", "This will permit timely initiation of active surveillance for infected/colonized patients as well as investigations to identify the likely source of the bacterium, which will, in turn, allow implementation of appropriate infection control measures. Copyright © 2014 The Healthcare Infection Society. Vancomycin, rifampicin, newer fluoroquinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam, minocycline and possibly tigecycline are preferred empirical choices for E. meningoseptica infection according to in-vitro susceptibility data.", "Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a Gram negative rod shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature (e.g. fresh water, salt water, or soil). It may be normally present in fish and frogs but is not normally present in the human microflora. In 1994, it was reclassified in the genus Chryseobacterium and renamed Chryseobacterium meningosepticum (chryseos = golden in Greek, so Chryseobacterium means a golden/yellow rod similar to Flavobacterium).", "We hereby describe the clinical and epidemiological features and, outcomes of nine patients with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica infections in two hospitals over a 2-year period. All infections caused by this pathogen were nosocomial, or healthcare associated infections, in hemodialysis settings whereas none was associated with hospital outbreaks. An increase of uncommon Gram-negative bacilli has occurred in the last decade in the nosocomial environment.", "Electronic address: [email protected]. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica has been deemed a potentially important threat to patients in critical care areas because of its multidrug-resistant phenotype and its ability to adapt to various environments. Vancomycin, rifampicin, newer fluoroquinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam, minocycline and possibly tigecycline are preferred empirical choices for E. meningoseptica infection according to in-vitro susceptibility data.", "The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological features and the outcomes of nosocomial infections caused by E. meningoseptica isolated at two hospitals involving different specialties. All infections caused by this pathogen were nosocomial, or healthcare associated infections, in hemodialysis settings whereas none was associated with hospital outbreaks. An increase of uncommon Gram-negative bacilli has occurred in the last decade in the nosocomial environment.", "Elizabethkingia meningoseptica: an important emerging pathogen causing healthcare-associated infections. Jean SS(1), Lee WS(2), Chen FL(2), Ou TY(2), Hsueh PR(3). Author information: (1)Department of Emergency Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Vancomycin, rifampicin, newer fluoroquinolones, piperacillin-tazobactam, minocycline and possibly tigecycline are preferred empirical choices for E. meningoseptica infection according to in-vitro susceptibility data." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethkingia_meningoseptica", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24680187", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethkingia_meningoseptica", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24680187", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethkingia_meningoseptica", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867013001657", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24680187", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867013001657", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24680187" ] }

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[ "The battle took place as part of the First Battle of Flanders (French: Premiere Première bataille Des Flandres: German Erste), flandernschlacht in Which, German, French belgian And british armies fought From arras In france To nieuport on The belgian." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Second Battle of Ypres was the first poison gas attack of the war. It was made by the Germans, and chlorine gas was used. This battle also inspired John McCrae's poem 'In … Flanders Field'. In addition, Canadian troops were proved capable in their success in holding the line regardless of the gas. ------ Nick Grimmer This depends on which battle of Ypres you are referring to. There were 3, The first (October 19th-November 22nd, 1914) halted the German advance, and led the Allies to hold 3.5 km of the line; it also marked the superiority of defence over offence.", "Ypres. The Ypres area of Belgium, where Passchendaele is located, was the scene of several First World War battles. It was the last portion of Belgium that was not in enemy hands after the initial German advance of 1914 and, as a result, held great symbolic meaning to the Allies. ", "Almost every building would be razed to the ground by November 1918. The first major battles to take place in the area of Ypres took place from October 1914. However, during the fierce fighting in the autumn of 1914 the German Army was unable to capture Ypres. ", "The Battle of Passchendaele, also known as the Third Battle of Ypres, was a campaign of the First World War, fought by the Allies against the German Empire. The battle took place on the Western Front, from July to November 1917, for control of the ridges south and east of the Belgian city of Ypres in West Flanders, as part of a strategy decided by the Allies at conferences in November 1916 and May 1917.", "The town of Ypres was always under attack from the Germans because it was a key point in keeping them from the English Channel. Image courtesy of http://www.info.ox.ac.uk/jtap/ dce/vicars/Ypres. The First Battle of Ypres. The first Battle of Ypres took place between October 30 - November 24, 1914. British, French and Belgian troops were outnumbered by the Germans who were trying to get to the English Channel. The Allies won the battle after 34 days of fighting, it started trench warfare on the western front", "the first battle of Ypres took place between 19th October and 22nd November 1914. ------ Nick Grimmer This depends on which battle of Ypres you are referring to. There were 3, The first (October 19th-November 22nd, 1914) halted the German advance, and led the Allies to hold 3.5 km of the line; it also marked the superiority of defence over offence.", "The First Battle of Ypres (19 October – 22 November) was a First World War battle fought around Ypres, in western Belgium during October and November 1914. The battles at Ypres began at the end of the Race to the Sea which involved attempts by the German and Franco-British armies to advance past the northern flank of their opponents.", "The battle took place as part of the First Battle of Flanders (French: Premiere Première bataille Des Flandres: German Erste), flandernschlacht in Which, German, French belgian And british armies fought From arras In france To nieuport on The belgian, coast from 10 october to-Mid. november The battles at Ypres began at the end of the Race to the Sea which involved attempts by the German and Franco-British armies to advance past the northern flank of their opponents." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_did_the_Battle_of_Ypres_take_place", "http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/first-world-war/fact_sheets/passchendaele", "http://www.greatwar.co.uk/ypres-salient/battles-ypres-salient.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Passchendaele", "http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/macquekl/History%20Web%20Page/History/WorldWarIsite/battleofypres.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_did_the_Battle_of_Ypres_take_place", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_Ypres", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Battle_of_Ypres" ] }

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[ "It is made up of molecules called nucleotide. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group,a sugar group and a nitrogen base.The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine(A),thymine(T),guanine(G) and cytosine(C)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. DNA and RNA are polymers made of monomeric subunits, called nucleotides, which can be linked together in any order. The nucleotide is the basic, repeated unit of DNA or RNA strand and contains a nitrogenous base-a double-ring purine or a single-ring pyrimidine, linked to phosphorylated sugar. The sugar with an attached base, but without a phosphate group is called a nucleoside. In DNA molecule, the sugar is 2′-deoxyribose and in RNA molecule-ribose. The sugars comprise the backbone of every DNA or RNA chain, linked by covalent phosphodiester bond between 5′- and 3′-carbons of two adjacent sugars.", "Each nucleotide consists of a sugar (deoxyribose) bound on one side to a phosphate group and bound on the other side to a nitrogenous base. There are two classes of nitrogen bases called purines (double-ringed structures) and pyrimidines (single-ringed structures). The four bases in DNA's alphabet are: The base pairs in DNA are adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine. DNA has a spiral staircase-like structure. The steps are formed by the nitrogen bases of the nucleotides where adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine with guanine. Photo courtesy U.S. National Library of Medicine.", "DNA structure. DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic cod", "DNA Structure. ­DNA is o­ne of the nucleic acids, information-containing molecules in the cell (ribonucleic acid, or RNA, is the other nucleic acid). DNA is found in the nucleus of every human cell. (See the sidebar at the bottom of the page for more about RNA and different types of cells). The base pairs in DNA are adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine. DNA has a spiral staircase-like structure. The steps are formed by the nitrogen bases of the nucleotides where adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine with guanine. Photo courtesy U.S. National Library of Medicine.", "What is the basic structure of all the nucleotides that make up DNA? Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base, such as, adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine. Adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds, while cytosine and guanine form three. DNA strands have a 5' end and a 3' end. The 5' end is characterized by a phosphate group coming off of the fifth carbon in the sugar.", "Best Answer: DNA is a double helix structure which means two strands of nucleic acid molecules intertwining each other. RNA is a single strand of nucleic acid molecules. In DNA molecule, the sugar is 2′-deoxyribose and in RNA molecule-ribose. The sugars comprise the backbone of every DNA or RNA chain, linked by covalent phosphodiester bond between 5′- and 3′-carbons of two adjacent sugars.", "DNA-STRUCTURE This page, looking at the structure of DNA, is the first in a sequence of pages leading on to how DNA replicates (makes copies of) itself, and then to how information stored in DNA is used to make protein molecules. This material is aimed at 16 - 18 year old chemistry students. ", "DNA's structure is a double helix made up of two complimentary nucleic acid backbones twinned together. Depending on what you mean by structure, DNA helices also bend and twin … e with each other in the formation of chromosomes. Adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds, while cytosine and guanine form three. DNA strands have a 5' end and a 3' end. The 5' end is characterized by a phosphate group coming off of the fifth carbon in the sugar.", "Nucleic acid structure refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Nucleic acid structure is often divided into four different levels: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. " ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130501193014AAV140B", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/dna1.htm", "http://www.livescience.com/37247-dna.html", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/dna1.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_basic_structure_of_DNA", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130501193014AAV140B", "http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/dna1.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_basic_structure_of_DNA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_structure" ] }

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[ "12 years" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "How to Become an OBGYN in 5 Steps. Research what it takes to become an OBGYN or an obstetrician/gynecologist. Learn about education, training and licensure requirements to find out if this is the career for you. Schools offering Health Science degrees can also be found in these popular choices. ", "Confidence votes 1.9K. It requires 4 years of college, 4 years of medical school and, 4 years of residency, for a total of 12. The salary is is more than $250k/year. Fellowships exist that allow gynecologists to sub-specialize in topics such as Reproductive Medicine or Fertility Medicine. These may be an additional 1-4 years of training", "It will take years. You have to go through all the basics for a doctor and then start your specialty. So, it's about 9 or 10 years of college. My friend went to UC Davis and loved it (she's an OB/GYN). Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: this gurl in my class asked the same question to my teacher. 12 years. 4 years of residency 4 years of medical school 4 years of regular school its gonna take a while....", "It requires 4 years of college, 4 years of medical school and, 4 years of residency, for a total of 12. The salary is is more than $250k/year. Fellowships exist … that allow gynecologists to sub-specialize in topics such as Reproductive Medicine or Fertility Medicine. it takes approximatly 14 years to become a professional scientist depending on how long your taking the college classes. the most it has taken normal class taking students is … 15 years. to become a basic scientist it only takes 6 years and 2 months Answer: People are generally done high school by 18.", "Gynecologists are medical doctors with advanced training in their specialty. Gynecologists, medical doctors specializing in the reproductive health of women, must complete at least 12 years of school and training after high school. To practice gynecology, you need to complete a medical degree. Preparation for this degree begins before medical school, however. Undergraduate premedical studies are important to your future success. While you can major in any field, there are some science prerequisites that all medical schools require.", "Let’s look at how many years of college education it will take to practice in this career path. You will need an undergraduate degree, which takes 4 years, before you attend medical school, which takes another 4 years, before others can call you doctor. In the past, internship usually was the terminal phase of medical school. Recently, however, most programs place internship in the first year of residency. To become an OB-GYN, a medical degree graduate must devote another set of 4 years for the residency training program. Courses will focus on gynecology, obstetrics, and gynecological surgery", "Salary. During residency training, an OB/GYN’s annual salary may range from $45,000 to $60,000. Salary will increase with each year of training. After residency is completed, the starting salary is generally between $200,000 and $250,000 per year. As of 2012, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics reported the median salary for physicians in obstetrics/gynecology was $301,737. Many OB/GYNs practice both obstetrics and gynecology, often with the same patients. Others choose to pursue one of the two fields specifically; technically, obstetrics and gynecology are two separate specialties that we commonly combine since many doctors practice them both.", "After high school, the total number of years is 12 years of continuous education and training. The period to prepare, review, and complete the requirements for SAT, MCAT, USMLE, licensing and certification was not yet included in the total. For pursuing a sub-specialty area, add 3 to 4 years of training. In the past, internship usually was the terminal phase of medical school. Recently, however, most programs place internship in the first year of residency. To become an OB-GYN, a medical degree graduate must devote another set of 4 years for the residency training program. Courses will focus on gynecology, obstetrics, and gynecological surgery" ], "url": [ "http://learn.org/articles/OBGYN_How_to_Become_an_OBGYN_in_5_Steps.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_years_does_it_take_to_become_a_gynecologist", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080815142645AAzw7ay", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_to_become_a_gynecologist", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/230061-how-long-would-it-take-to-become-a-gynecologist/", "http://differentmedicalcareers.com/how-long-does-it-take-to-become-an-obgyn/", "http://www.innerbody.com/careers-in-health/how-to-become-an-obgyn-doctor.html", "http://differentmedicalcareers.com/how-long-does-it-take-to-become-an-obgyn/" ] }

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[ "55°F to 70°F" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Growing Information. How to plant: Propagate by seed Germination temperature: 40 F to 85 F-Optimum around 75 F. Days to emergence: 9 to 13 - 9 days when soil is 60 F. 13 days at 50 F. May take as long as 4 to 5 weeks at 40 F. Seed can be saved 3 years. ", "1 Peas prefer soil that is fertile, well drained and high in organic matter. 2 Peas usually take 50-to-70 days from germination to harvest. 3 Plant 2-to-3 oz. ( 4 56-to-85 g) of seed for each 100 feet (30 m) of row. Depending on the type--from sugar snap peas to dry peas to green garden peas-they provide high amounts of fiber, iron, protein, Vitamin C, lysine, tryptophan and carbohydrates. Peas are a cool-season crop, so indoor planting and germination should take place several weeks before the last frost in your area.", "Sow seeds for your particular variety as instructed on the seed packet, usually about 1 ½ inches deep. Bush varieties tend to need a little more space between plants. In general you’ll sow or thin to about 3-4 inches between plants. Seeds will need 7-10 days to germinate. If growing indeterminate varieties, you’ll want to plant them next to a trellis in order to keep the vines off the ground. Do not plant where other legumes have grown the past 3 years. Black-eyed peas grow well with cucumbers and strawberries but avoid planting with any type of onions or garlic.", "Sugar or snow peas are grown for their flat, green pods. Peas are a cool-season crop that must mature before the weather gets warm. The ideal growing temperature for peas is 55°F to 70°F. Sow peas in the garden 6 weeks before the average last frost date in spring or as soon as the soil can be worked. How to plant and spacing. Planting time. Peas are a cool-season crop that must mature before the weather gets warm. The ideal growing temperature for peas is 55°F to 70°F. Sow peas in the garden 6 weeks before the average last frost date in spring or as soon as the soil can be worked.", "Mr. B. Thompson surveys the various methods of germinating this ever-popular plant. The criterion for the germinating of a sweet pea is similar to any other dormant seed, it needs moisture and warmth to stir it into life, it then goes on to form a seedling followed by a fully grown plant which will eventually flower. The pots are unlikely to get too dry kept at a cool temperature but should be kept moist as opposed to wet. These late sown seeds will need careful hardening off before planting in April/May. Mr. Thompson is one of the leading growers of sweet peas.", "When growing vegetables why do they need warmth? The air and soil temperature is most important for seed germination. Some seeds do best in cool soil (lettuce, peas, radishes) others need warm soil (tomatoes, squash, corn) to grow. All plants need some warmth to grow, some more than others. We do have some control over this basic need as we can supply plants with extra heat using heating pads, cold frames, plastic or cloth covers", "The effect of soil temperature on sown seeds. The chart below displays the relationship between soil temperature, days to emergence, and the percentage of sown seeds to germinate: As you might expect, the percentage of any seeds to germinate is maximum at the optimal temperature for that species. If your home is on the low side of 68 to 72ºF, your seeds will benefit from bottom heat. As a general rule, seeds will germinate indoors where the soil temperature is held constant. In nature, the soil temperature is usually lower at night.", "That is the fundamental relationship between germination and temperature. For every species of seed, there is an optimal soil temperature for germination, and at that temperature, the maximum number of seeds will germinate and in less time than at any other temperature. If your home is on the low side of 68 to 72ºF, your seeds will benefit from bottom heat. As a general rule, seeds will germinate indoors where the soil temperature is held constant. In nature, the soil temperature is usually lower at night.", "1 Apply mulch to peas grown in high-temperature areas to cool the soil and reduce water loss. 2 Peas prefer soil that is fertile, well drained and high in organic matter. 3 Peas usually take 50-to-70 days from germination to harvest. 4 Plant 2-to-3 oz. ( 5 56-to-85 g) of seed for each 100 feet (30 m) of row. Depending on the type--from sugar snap peas to dry peas to green garden peas-they provide high amounts of fiber, iron, protein, Vitamin C, lysine, tryptophan and carbohydrates. Peas are a cool-season crop, so indoor planting and germination should take place several weeks before the last frost in your area." ], "url": [ "http://www.gardening.cornell.edu/homegardening/scene9697.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Germinate-Peas", "http://www.growthis.com/how-to-grow-black-eyed-peas/", "http://www.harvesttotable.com/2009/02/how_to_grow_peas_garden_englis/", "http://www.thompson-morgan.com/sowing-and-germinating-sweet-peas", "http://www.your-vegetable-gardening-helper.com/growing-vegetables.html", "http://tomclothier.hort.net/page11.html", "http://tomclothier.hort.net/page11.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Germinate-Peas" ] }

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[ "Jersey Village is a city in west-central Harris County, Texas, United States, located at U.S. Highway 290, Farm to Market Road 529, and the Southern Pacific Railroad." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "More trip calculations. 1 driving distance from Dallas, TX to Jersey City, NJ. 2 cost to drive from Dallas, TX to Jersey City, NJ. 3 reverse driving time from Jersey City, NJ to Dallas, TX. 4 halfway between Dallas, TX and Jersey City, NJ. 5 hotels near Jersey City, NJ. 6 flight duration from Dallas, TX to Jersey City, NJ. You can also calculate the cost to drive from Dallas, TX to Jersey City, NJ based on current local gas prices and an estimate of your car's best gas mileage. Since this is a long drive, you might want to stop halfway and stay overnight in a hotel.", "More trip calculations. 1 driving time from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. 2 cost of driving from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. 3 reverse drive distance from Jersey City, NJ to Houston, TX. 4 halfway between Houston, TX and Jersey City, NJ. 5 stopping points from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. Map of driving directions from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. Click here to show map. Drag the line on the map to calculate the driving distance for a different route. If you want to verify these driving directions or look for another possible route, you can try. Google Maps, Bing Maps, or MapQuest.", "Houston and Jersey City are far apart (by car). This is the best Houston, TX-Jersey City, NJ route. Distance to cities nearby Jersey City, NJ and Houston, TX. 1 Distance from Jersey City, NJ to Greenwich, CT. 2 Distance from Jersey City, NJ to Cos Cob, CT. 3 Distance from Jersey City, NJ to Old Greenwich, CT. 4 Distance from Jersey City, NJ to Darien, CT. 5 Distance from Jersey City, NJ to New Canaan, CT", "Your trip begins in Dallas, Texas. It ends in Jersey City, New Jersey. If you're planning a road trip, you might be interested in seeing the total driving distance from Dallas, TX to Jersey City, NJ. You can also calculate the cost to drive from Dallas, TX to Jersey City, NJ based on current local gas prices and an estimate of your car's best gas mileage. Since this is a long drive, you might want to stop halfway and stay overnight in a hotel.", "Jersey Village is a city in west-central Harris County, Texas, United States, located at U.S. Highway 290, Farm to Market Road 529, and the Southern Pacific Railroad. The city is located in the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown metropolitan area. The 1936 Harris County highway map indicated several residences in the area. Clark W. Henry owned 1,236 acres (5.00 km 2) of land on which he operated F&M Dairy and raised Jersey cattle. Henry discontinued his dairy when his health declined, and he gave the land up so a residential community could be built in 1953.", "You can also calculate the cost of driving from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ based on current local fuel prices and an estimate of your car's best gas mileage. Since this is a long drive, you might want to stop halfway and stay overnight in a hotel. Map of driving directions from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. Click here to show map. Drag the line on the map to calculate the driving distance for a different route. If you want to verify these driving directions or look for another possible route, you can try. Google Maps, Bing Maps, or MapQuest.", "Driving distance from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. The total driving distance from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ is 1,626 miles or 2 617 kilometers. Map of driving directions from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. Click here to show map. Drag the line on the map to calculate the driving distance for a different route. If you want to verify these driving directions or look for another possible route, you can try. Google Maps, Bing Maps, or MapQuest.", "Your trip begins in Houston, Texas. It ends in Jersey City, New Jersey. If you are planning a road trip, you might also want to calculate the total driving time from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ so you can see when you'll arrive at your destination. Map of driving directions from Houston, TX to Jersey City, NJ. Click here to show map. Drag the line on the map to calculate the driving distance for a different route. If you want to verify these driving directions or look for another possible route, you can try. Google Maps, Bing Maps, or MapQuest." ], "url": [ "http://www.travelmath.com/driving-time/from/Dallas,+TX/to/Jersey+City,+NJ", "http://www.travelmath.com/drive-distance/from/Houston,+TX/to/Jersey+City,+NJ", "http://www.distance-cities.com/distance-houston-tx-to-jersey-city-nj", "http://www.travelmath.com/driving-time/from/Dallas,+TX/to/Jersey+City,+NJ", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jersey_Village,_Texas", "http://www.travelmath.com/drive-distance/from/Houston,+TX/to/Jersey+City,+NJ", "http://www.travelmath.com/drive-distance/from/Houston,+TX/to/Jersey+City,+NJ", "http://www.travelmath.com/drive-distance/from/Houston,+TX/to/Jersey+City,+NJ" ] }

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[ "Alternaria Brown Spot" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The fruit may be scabbed, streaked or a silvery color. Citrus thrips are tiny orange or pale yellow insects that attack citrus as well as many other types of fruit trees. They mainly attack young leaves and juvenile fruit and feed on the tree s sap. Sooty Mold. Sooty mold is a fungus, which causes the blackening of the leaves of citrus trees. The mold forms on the leaves as a result of honeydew secretions from insects such as whiteflies, aphids and mealybugs. Insect control is the most effective way to prevent the incidence of this disease.", "Brown Soft Scale. Brown soft scale is a common problem on citrus trees, as well as many other types of trees. Soft scale insects are small, non-mobile insects that attached themselves to the wood, foliage and sometimes the fruit. Scale is most common on the new tender woody growth. Sooty Mold. Sooty mold is a fungus, which causes the blackening of the leaves of citrus trees. The mold forms on the leaves as a result of honeydew secretions from insects such as whiteflies, aphids and mealybugs. Insect control is the most effective way to prevent the incidence of this disease.", "Tangerine trees can contract several diseases, which display symptoms on the leaves or the fruit and are easily distinguished from one another. Most tangerine diseases can be controlled once identified. Alternaria Brown Spot. Alternaria brown spot affects Dancy and Murcott tangerines, among other varieties of tangerine and citrus. The disease causes brown spots and yellow discoloring of tangerine leaves; leaves can eventually fall off the tree. Branches and twigs may die back at the tips, and fruit can develop brown blemishes on its skin", "Most Satsuma diseases are caused by cool, wet weather. The Satsuma orange (Citrus unshiu), sweet and typically seedless, is a variety of Mandarin orange that is susceptible to most diseases that strike other citrus trees. The fungal and bacterial diseases that strike Satsumas are usually caused by prolonged fog or rain", "Submit. Vitamin C is an invaluable part of the human diet; without it, our immune systems would be drastically compromised. That's not the only reason for planting your own citrus trees and growing your own fruit, though. Citrus, like other types of fruits and vegetables, always tastes better fresh from the backyard. Citrus Tristeza Virus. Citrus Tristeza Virus, or CTV, is a viral disease that has, in the past, been responsible for killing millions of orange trees in South America and Africa. The disease has been on record since the late 1800s, and it is only relatively recently that scientists have discovered just what causes it.", "Brown soft scale is a common problem on citrus trees, as well as many other types of trees. Soft scale insects are small, non-mobile insects that attached themselves to the wood, foliage and sometimes the fruit. Scale is most common on the new tender woody growth. Sooty Mold. Sooty mold is a fungus, which causes the blackening of the leaves of citrus trees. The mold forms on the leaves as a result of honeydew secretions from insects such as whiteflies, aphids and mealybugs. Insect control is the most effective way to prevent the incidence of this disease.", "The fruit may be scabbed, streaked or a silvery color. Citrus thrips are tiny orange or pale yellow insects that attack citrus as well as many other types of fruit trees. They mainly attack young leaves and juvenile fruit and feed on the tree’s sap. Sooty Mold. Sooty mold is a fungus, which causes the blackening of the leaves of citrus trees. The mold forms on the leaves as a result of honeydew secretions from insects such as whiteflies, aphids and mealybugs. Insect control is the most effective way to prevent the incidence of this disease.", "Citrus Diseases. Citrus Canker. Citrus canker is a highly contagious bacterial infection of citrus trees causing yellow halo-like lesions or scabs on the fruit, leaves and twigs of citrus trees. Severe infections can cause leaf loss, blemished fruit, fruit drop and die back. Sooty Mold. Sooty mold is a fungus, which causes the blackening of the leaves of citrus trees. The mold forms on the leaves as a result of honeydew secretions from insects such as whiteflies, aphids and mealybugs. Insect control is the most effective way to prevent the incidence of this disease." ], "url": [ "http://citrus-tree-care.com/care-insects-and-disease.html", "http://www.treehelp.com/citrus-insects-diseases/", "http://www.gardenguides.com/138858-tangerine-tree-diseases.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/diseases-satsuma-tangerine-trees-40144.html", "http://www.gardenguides.com/115588-types-citrus-tree-diseases.html", "http://citrus-tree-care.com/care-insects-and-disease.html", "http://www.treehelp.com/citrus-insects-diseases/", "http://citrus-tree-care.com/care-insects-and-disease.html" ] }

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[ "It prevents adhesions between the opposed walls of the myometrium, thereby maintaining the patency of the uterine cavity." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The endometrium is the layer of the uterus that thickens in preparation for the implantation of the fertilized embryo. The endometrium is also the layer that is shed during menstruation. Estrogen is responsible for creating a thick, lush and blood rich endometrium. ", "The uterus has several important functions in the body including multiple reproductive functions such as implantation, gestation, labor, delivery and menses. When an egg is releases from an ovary, it travels along the fallopian tube which is where a sperm cell will fertilize it (if it becomes fertilized). ", "The primary function of the uterus is to serve as the site of implantation for a fertilized egg and to support the embryo/foetus throughout its development during pregnancy. The uterus is also the site of menstruation. the woman produces and births the baby. obviously... The primary function of a uterus is to receive and nourish a growing embryo. The uterus is the structure in a female mammal in which unborn entities are carried during pregnancy.", "This lining is known as the endometrium and it provides nourishment for the embryo during the very early days of life. Otherwise, the lining of the uterus is shed each month, resulting in a flow of blood lasting for several days. This is known as the menstrual flow, menstruation or the monthly period. The cervix (or neck of the uterus) is the link between the uterus and the vagina (or birth canal) and is found at the top of the vagina. It is a firm, smooth, rounded structure with a central opening which: 1 dilates (opens up) during labour. 2 allows menstrual blood to flow through it during your periods.", "The endometrium is the innermost glandular layer and functions as a lining for the uterus, preventing adhesions between the opposed walls of the myometrium, thereby maintaining the patency of the uterine cavity. 1 Adenomyosis is the growth of the endometrium into the muscle layer of the uterus (the myometrium). 2 Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. 3 Endometrial hyperplasia. 4 Endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the human female genital tract.", "In a woman of reproductive age, two layers of endometrium can be distinguished. These two layers occur only in endometrium lining the cavity of the uterus, not in the lining of the uterine (Fallopian) tubes: 1 The functional layer is adjacent to the uterine cavity. 2 This layer is built up after the end of menstruation during the first part of the previous menstrual cycle. 1 Adenomyosis is the growth of the endometrium into the muscle layer of the uterus (the myometrium). 2 Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. 3 Endometrial hyperplasia. 4 Endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the human female genital tract.", "Click to read more below. The uterus, also commonly known as the womb, is a hollow muscular organ of the female reproductive system that is responsible for the development of the embryo and fetus during pregnancy. 1 Inside the myometrium is the endometrium layer that borders the hollow lumen of the uterus. 2 The endometrium is made of simple columnar epithelial tissue with many associated exocrine glands and a highly vascular connective tissue that provides support to the developing", "Uterine lining: The inner layer of the uterus (womb); the cells that line the womb; anatomically termed the endometrium. This tissue is normally shed monthly in response to the hormonal changes of the menstrual period. ", "The uterus is composed of two distinct anatomical areas: myometrium and the endometrium which lines the cavity. The endometrium is the innermost layer of the uterus that contains the lining which is responsible for accepting and nourishing a fetus during the pregnancy process. The lining of this cavity changes with every monthly cycle in response to the primary female hormones produced by the ovaries: estrogen and progesterone. ", "The endometrium consists of a single layer of columnar epithelium plus the stroma on which it rests. The stroma is a layer of connective tissue that varies in thickness according to hormonal influences. 1 Adenomyosis is the growth of the endometrium into the muscle layer of the uterus (the myometrium). 2 Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. 3 Endometrial hyperplasia. 4 Endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the human female genital tract." ], "url": [ "http://natural-fertility-info.com/thin-lining-of-the-uterus-build-the-uterine-lining-naturally.html", "http://www.med-health.net/What-Is-The-Function-Of-The-Uterus.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_function_of_the_uterus", "http://www.familydoctor.co.uk/topic/hysterectomy/hysterectomy-the-uterus/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrium", "http://www.innerbody.com/image_repfov/repo11-new.html", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9921", "http://www.alternativesurgery.com/education/normal-uterus/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrium" ] }

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[ "Maybe" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Making the world better, one answer at a time. It is quite possible that amoxicillin can raise your blood glucose levels, though this has not been fully scientifically confirmed. It is not advisable to have a glucose tolerance or fasting glucose blood test whilst taking this medication.", "Contact |. Print |. A A. Diabetes patients who take a certain class of antibiotics are more likely to have severe blood sugar fluctuations than those who take other types of the drugs, a new study finds.", "However, the infection you are treating with the amoxicillin could cause fluctuations in your blood glucose levels. According to the University of Iowa Health Care website, a high blood glucose level is a common result of infection, which would in turn affect your need for insulin.", "HealthDay. + More. THURSDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Diabetes patients who take a certain class of antibiotics are more likely to have severe blood sugar fluctuations than those who take other types of the drugs, a new study finds.", "All I can think of is that the meds are helping your body to fight and the fighting your body is doing is the culprit of the elevated BG. Infection can raise your blood sugar dramatically. However, antibiotics will also sometimes cause a raise in your glucose levels. My guess, it is a combination.", "THURSDAY, Aug. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Diabetes patients who take a certain class of antibiotics are more likely to have severe blood sugar fluctuations than those who take other types of the drugs, a new study finds.", "If you are taking insulin for diabetes or other diseases, taking amoxicillin might give you cause for concern. In most cases, amoxicillin does not interact with insulin, although the infection it is treating might cause changes in your blood sugar levels.", "Eating sugar or carbohydrates will raise blood sugar. Simple sugars like sugar, syrup, honey, and jam can even raise blood sugar within seconds simply by being in your mo … uth. More complex carbohydrates like whole-wheat bread, lentils, grains, and vegetables will raise blood sugar but more slowly." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Will_amoxicillin_raise_your_blood_sugar", "http://www.newsmax.com/health/Health-News/diabetes-blood-sugar-fluctuations-antibiotics-fluoroquinolones/2013/08/15/id/520603/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/551269-amoxicillin-insulin/", "http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2013/08/15/certain-antibiotics-tied-to-blood-sugar-swings-in-diabetics", "http://www.diabetesforums.com/forum/topic/46018-amoxicillin-raises-glucose-levels/", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=172680", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/551269-amoxicillin-insulin/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Will_amoxicillin_raise_your_blood_sugar" ] }

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[ "A tired nurse is more likely to make a mistake -- the researchers found the risk of errors was significantly increased if the nurses worked overtime, worked more than 40 hours a week or worked longer than 12 hours at a stretch." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "14 The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety it was found that 67% of critical care nurses’ work shiftsexceeded 12 hours and that working 16-hour shifts wascommon. Nurses working more than 12.5 hours had twicethe risk of making a medical error (OR = 1.94, p = .03). ", "The underlining mechanism of the relationship of nurse overtime to nurse injuries and adverse patient events is that when nurses work overtime or long hours, it contributes to nurses' fatigue and sleep so their alertness and vigilance are impaired in both their regular shift and overtime shift. Thus, staff nurses who work overtime may work more than 12 hours within a 24-hour period and return to work quickly without sufficient rest and sleep.", "For 30 shifts, nurses were scheduled to work 16 or more consecutive hours, and for 85 shifts, they actually worked 16 hours or more. The longest scheduled work shift was 17 hours (n = 3), and the longest actual work shift was 23 hours and 30 minutes. Despite concerns expressed by nurses about the ability to provide high-quality care when working overtime and/or extended shifts for many years, 18 – 20 the relationship between staff nurses’ work hours and patients’ safety has been examined in only a few empirical studies.", "Eventually nursing shifts, like those of many other industries, were shortened to eight hours. The pendulum swung once more, however, and today 12-hour shifts are the norm again in nursing. Although there are many benefits to 12-hour shifts, there are also some disadvantages, both for patients and nurses. Twelve-hour night shifts can make it difficult for a nurse to get adequate sleep. Back in the days when women never went without a hat or gloves, a 10- to 12-hour shift for nurses was the norm, according to the Travel Nurses Now website.", "Research from Oklahoma University School of Nursing says nurses who work 12.5 hours or longer are three times more likely to make an error in patient care, but found no difference in fatigue between eight and 12-hour shifts. However, 12-hour shifts have been gaining popularity among nurses and hospitals for quite some time now. The 12-hour nursing shift dates back to the 1970s when it was used as a way to retain staff during the national nursing crisis. It allowed nurses more time at home and allowed hospitals to use fewer agency nurses.", "In 2004, the Institute of Medicine recommended that state regulators prohibit nurses from working more than 12 hours in a 24-hour period, and over 60 hours in a seven-day period. These recommendations apply to any combination of scheduled shifts and mandatory or voluntary overtime. Yet while scheduling less shifts with longer hours might seem appealing, in the long run the study found that nurses two worked shifts of 10 hours or more were more likely to experience burnout, job dissatisfaction and leave nursing compared to nurses who worked shorter shifts.", "Background. In order to provide the best care possible to patients, the physical and mental well-being of the nurse is essential. Evidence has shown that working long or extensive hours, or beyond a scheduled shift can lead to negative patient and nurse outcomes. ANA believes that the elimination of overtime for the nation’s nurses is crucial in order to improve the quality of patient care and the health of the nurse. The elimination of mandatory overtime is important to improve nurse working conditions and for the delivery of safe and effective patient care.", "Abstract. The use of extended work shifts and overtime has escalated as hospitals cope with a shortage of registered nurses (RNs). Little is known, however, about the prevalence of these extended work periods and their effects on patient safety. Logbooks completed by 393 hospital staff nurses revealed that participants usually worked longer than scheduled and that approximately 40 percent of the 5,317 work shifts they logged exceeded twelve hours. ", "One of the biggest concerns over the length of a nurse’s shift is fatigue, and its effect on safety and patient care. A study from the University of Maryland School of Nursing looked at nurses who worked three consecutive 12-hour shifts and found a pattern of sleep deprivation and slower reaction time. However, 12-hour shifts have been gaining popularity among nurses and hospitals for quite some time now. The 12-hour nursing shift dates back to the 1970s when it was used as a way to retain staff during the national nursing crisis. It allowed nurses more time at home and allowed hospitals to use fewer agency nurses.", "Approximately 40 percent of the shifts were longer than 12 hours. A tired nurse is more likely to make a mistake -- the researchers found the risk of errors was significantly increased if the nurses worked overtime, worked more than 40 hours a week or worked longer than 12 hours at a stretch. Over half of the mistakes were medication errors. Twelve-hour night shifts can make it difficult for a nurse to get adequate sleep. Back in the days when women never went without a hat or gloves, a 10- to 12-hour shift for nurses was the norm, according to the Travel Nurses Now website." ], "url": [ "http://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/S2-JQPS-11-07S-lockley.pdf", "http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/806796", "http://ajcc.aacnjournals.org/content/15/1/30.full", "http://woman.thenest.com/disadvantages-nurses-working-longer-hours-2819.html", "http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/nursing/blog/nursing-debate-8-hour-shifts-vs-12-hour-shifts/", "http://healthcaretraveler.modernmedicine.com/healthcare-traveler/content/modernmedicine/modern-medicine-feature-articles/reconsidering-12-hour-sh", "http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ThePracticeofProfessionalNursing/NurseStaffing/OvertimeIssues", "http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/23/4/202.abstract", "http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/nursing/blog/nursing-debate-8-hour-shifts-vs-12-hour-shifts/", "http://woman.thenest.com/disadvantages-nurses-working-longer-hours-2819.html" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Department of Defense (DoD), GSA, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) jointly issue the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) for use by executive agencies in acquiring goods and services. Last Reviewed 2015-05-05. Print Email Favorites Twitter Facebook Share. ", "FARS. A gene on chromosome 19p13.2 that encodes the alpha subunit of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, a heterotetramer formed by two alpha and two beta units. FARSA is expressed in a regulated tumour-selective, cell cycle stage-and differentiation-dependent fashion. A. Autism, part of a spectrum of diseases called “pervasive developmental disorders” is characterized by problems with communication, social interaction and behavior. In addition, more than two thirds of children with autistic disorder have mental retardation, although it is not required for the diagnosis.", "How to Access FARS Data. Create your own fatality data run online by using the FARS Query System. Or download all FARS data from 1975 to present from the FTP Site. 1 Run a Query Using the FARS Web-Based Encyclopedia. 2 2010 FARS/NASS GES Standardization -- Posted 12/8/2011.", "History and profile [edit]. Fars News Agency, a privately owned agency, was founded in 2003. In addition to Persian reporting, the agency also provides news in English, Turkish and Arabic. While it describes itself as Iran's leading independent news agency, news organizations such as CNN and Reuters describe it as a semi-official news agency.", "The FAR System regulates the activities of government personnel in carrying out that process. The FAR System is codified at Title 48, Chapter 1 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations. These requirements can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations at 48 CFR, part 31. Chapter 1 appears in two volumes, with Subchapters A-G appearing in Volume 1 while Subchapter H occupies all of Volume 2. The volumes are not formal subdivisions of Title 48, but refer instead to the fact that the FAR is printed by the Government Printing Office in two volumes for convenience.", "The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is the principal set of rules in the Federal Acquisition Regulation System. The FAR System governs the acquisition process by which the United States federal government purchases (acquires) goods and services. Chapter 1 appears in two volumes, with Subchapters A-G appearing in Volume 1 while Subchapter H occupies all of Volume 2. The volumes are not formal subdivisions of Title 48, but refer instead to the fact that the FAR is printed by the Government Printing Office in two volumes for convenience.", "About. The Functional Assessment Rating Scales-FARS for adult behavioral health functional assessment are ways of documenting and standardizing impressions from clinical evaluations or mental status exams that assess cognitive, social and role functioning. ", "The Fars News Agency (FNA) is a news agency in Iran. While it describes itself as Iran's leading independent news agency, news organizations such as CNN and Reuters describe it as a semi-official news agency.", "The single most heavily regulated aspect of acquisition is contract pricing, which is addressed throughout the FAR, but especially in Subpart 15.4, Parts 30 and 31, and Subparts 42.7, 42.8, and 42.17. Chapter 1 appears in two volumes, with Subchapters A-G appearing in Volume 1 while Subchapter H occupies all of Volume 2. The volumes are not formal subdivisions of Title 48, but refer instead to the fact that the FAR is printed by the Government Printing Office in two volumes for convenience.", "DEFINITION of 'Floor Area Ratio-FAR'. The total square feet of a building divided by the total square feet of the lot the building is located on. FAR is used by local governments in zoning codes. Higher FARs tend to indicate more urban (dense) construction" ], "url": [ "http://www.gsa.gov/portal/content/101126", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/FARS", "http://www.nhtsa.gov/FARS", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fars_News_Agency", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Acquisition_Regulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Acquisition_Regulation", "http://mhlp.fmhi.usf.edu/training/tdetail.cfm?id=6", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fars_News_Agency", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Acquisition_Regulation", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/floor-area-ratio.asp" ] }

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[ "A carbohydrate is a simple sugar. Its basic structure is composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, with generally twice the hydrogen as carbon and oxygen. In its simplest form, a carbohydrate is a chain of sugar molecules called monosaccharides." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Carbohydrates are organic molecules (contains carbon) that play an important part in organisms and cellular processes. They often contain significant amounts of chemical potential energy. Their most prominent role is in energy storage. Common polymers of carbohydrates include cellulose (plant cell wall), chitin (fungus cell wall), and petidoglycan (bacterial cell wall). A carbohydrate generally has one carbon and oxygen atom for every two hydrogen atoms.", "Simple Sugars. Simple sugars are another characteristic of carbohydrates. Also called monosaccharides, simple sugars include fructose, glucose and galactose. Fructose is often found in fruit, whereas galactose is found in milk. Both are converted to glucose by the liver. Glucose is the body's energy source. Carbohydrates typically comprise a large amount of a person's diet. Carbohydrates are found in a variety of foods, including fruits, bread, potatoes and pasta. Carbohydrates are commonly known for boosting a person's energy, which is why athletes consume high amounts of carbohydrate-rich foods before they compete.", "Fructose is a carbohydrate, and is a simple sugar found in fruits. It is often called just fruit sugar. Fructose is called a simple sugar or a monosaccharide because it is one of the smallest units which has the characteristics of this class of carbohydrates. Glucose is called a simple sugar or a monosaccharide because it is one of the smallest units which has the characteristics of this class of carbohydrates. Glucose is also sometimes called dextrose. Corn syrup is primarily glucose.", "Glucose is the most common simple carbohydrate. Photo Credit: Image credit: Steven Berg. Carbohydrates are one of the four major classes of organic compounds in living cells. They are produced during photosynthesis and are the main sources of energy for plants and animals. The term carbohydrate is used when referring to a saccharide or sugar and its derivatives. Carbohydrates can be simple sugars or monosaccharides, double sugars or disaccharides, composed of a few sugars or oligosaccharides, or composed of many sugars or polysaccharides. ", "Glucose. Glucose is a carbohydrate, and is the most important simple sugar in human metabolism. Glucose is called a simple sugar or a monosaccharide because it is one of the smallest units which has the characteristics of this class of carbohydrates. Glucose is also sometimes called dextrose. Corn syrup is primarily glucose.", "Chemical Structure. A carbohydrate is a simple sugar. Its basic structure is composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, with generally twice the hydrogen as carbon and oxygen. In its simplest form, a carbohydrate is a chain of sugar molecules called monosaccharides. You’ll also add a lot of simple carbs to your diet if you eat processed foods and soft drinks. Complex carbs are found in whole-grain foods like breads and cereals. You’ll also find them in starchy vegetables and legumes, like beans. Fiber is an important type of carbohydrate found in plant foods.", "All carbs are constructed of chains of sugar molecules, which your body converts to glucose for immediate energy, glycogen for stored cell energy, or fat for eventual energy. The sugars found in vegetables, grains, beans and peas are called starches, and those that your body can’t digest are called fiber. The term sugars refers to those found in fruits, milk and milk products, and all sugars added to processed foods -- which creates confusion." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_characteristics_of_carbohydrates_and_examples", "http://www.ehow.com/list_6949627_characteristics-carbohydrates_.html", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/sugar.html", "http://biology.about.com/od/molecularbiology/ss/carbohydrates.htm", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/sugar.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/366208-what-are-the-characteristics-of-carbohydrates/", "http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/important-characteristics-carbohydrates-9757.html" ] }

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[ "1 Foal Pneumonia-Pneumonia in foals is primarily caused by a bacterial, viral or parasitic infection and is common in young horses. 2 Hives (Urticaria). 3 Foot Infections-Canker, Thrush, and White line disease.4 Gastric Dilation (Impaction). 5 Glaucoma-is a disease associated with elevated pressure within the eye.", "Equine influenza,quine influenza" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Foal Pneumonia-Pneumonia in foals is primarily caused by a bacterial, viral or parasitic infection and is common in young horses. 2 Hives (Urticaria). 3 Foot Infections-Canker, Thrush, and White line disease. 4 Gastric Dilation (Impaction). 5 Glaucoma-is a disease associated with elevated pressure within the eye. ", "The infection is spread by infected material from nasal discharge or abscesses contaminating stalls, feed troughs, pastures, etc. Young horses are the most susceptible to strangles. Potomac Horse Fever. This disease is a bacterial infection of the blood and tissues. It is much more common in spring, summer and early fall and is only found in certain areas of the country.", "Equine Influenza (flu). Equine influenza (flu) is the most common viral respiratory disease in horses. It affects the upper and lower respiratory tract of horses and is highly infectious, with an incubation period of 1 to 3 days. After contracting the virus, horses can remain contagious for up to 10 days.", "Knowledge is the key to disease prevention Infectious diseases are those diseases that horses can get from each other, or via a vector, such as a mosquito, which may transmit the disease from horse to horse. Potomac Horse Fever. This disease is a bacterial infection of the blood and tissues. It is much more common in spring, summer and early fall and is only found in certain areas of the country.", "Horse owners must be knowledgeable and aware of the diseases that are common to horses and other livestock species and to humans. A severe outbreak of any of these diseases would have a substantial veterinary and economic impact on the U.S., and on the horse industry. ", "Lyme disease is a bacterial disease of humans and animals transmitted by ticks. In horses, the most common clinical sign is arthritis, but horses can also experience lameness, neurologic disease, eye disease, and dermatitis. Symptoms in horses can range from no signs of disease to depression, trouble walking or paralysis, convulsions, or other neurologic signs and death. Horses are dead-end hosts to EEE, WEE, and SLEV, which means that they usually do not spread these viruses to other animals or humans.", "Diarrhea is not in itself a disease, but instead a symptom of many diseases, recognized when a horse's feces change in consistency. Lear what causes diarrhea in horses and how to treat... ", "Equine influenza (horse flu) is the disease caused by strains of influenza A that are enzootic in horse species. Equine influenza occurs globally, and is caused by two main strains of virus: equine-1 (H7N7) and equine-2 (H3N8). ", "Escherichia coli is a type of bacteria that is normally found in the intestinal tracts of healthy farm animals. Most types of E. coli are harmless, but some can cause serious disease in people. E. coli is a common food-borne bacterium, but it can also be transmitted to people by farm animals and their environment. Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease of humans and animals that is transmitted through contaminated water and urine or other body fluids from an infected animal. The Leptospira spp. bacteria can infect cows, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, and small rodents, and they may not have any signs of illness.", "EHV-1 and EHV-4 are two common types. Influenza Influenza is caused by Myxoviruses. While usually not fatal, it is highly contagious and one of the most common respiratory diseases of horses. Symptoms include high fever, depressed appetite, watery nasal discharge, and hard, dry cough." ], "url": [ "http://www.gopetsamerica.com/horse/health-care/diseases.aspx", "http://www.drsfostersmith.com/pic/article.cfm?articleid=1571", "http://myhorseuniversity.com/resources/eTips/February_2010/Didyouknow", "http://www.drsfostersmith.com/pic/article.cfm?articleid=1571", "http://www.twhbea.com/voice/HowTo/Diseases.htm", "http://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/pets/horses.html", "http://www.petmd.com/horse/conditions", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_influenza", "http://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/pets/farm-animals.html", "http://www.wvu.edu/~agexten/forglvst/EquineFactSheet.pdf" ] }

[]

[ "$63,737" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Average Teacher Salary in Utah. Utah teacher salaries in 2009 were $42,586, a decrease from the high point in 2008 which was around $45,925. Utah’s annual average salaries for teachers in 2009 is below the national average in 2009, which was $49,720. From 2007-2009 Utah has consistently offered a relatively lower annual salary that most other states. When comparing Utah to the rest of the country in 2009, Utah teacher salary rankings are 43rd in the nation. This was also a drop of around $3000 from 2008 levels, and almost equal to 2007’s average of $42,906.", "Saint George, UT salary is full-time annual starting salary. Intern, contractor and hourly pay scale vary from regular exempt employee. Compensation depends on work experience, job location, bonus, benefits and other factors. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Saint George, UT salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only. They are presented as is and updated regularly.", "As of 2011, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported a total workforce of 2,080 paralegals in Utah, most of which were employed in Salt Lake City. The average salary statewide was $41,950 with the top ten percent earning $18,430 more at $60,380 on average. Salt Lake City was also noted to be the highest paying area where those in the 90th percentile averaged $60,950, which was an average of $19,000 more than the statewide average.", "Utah’s Office of Education has several resources for the Utah certified teacher who sees the connection between professional development and higher salaries. Pay schedules dictate pay raises in conjunction with meeting professional development requirements. Utah’s average teaching salaries rank below the national average, but these numbers may be a better reflection of the age of teachers than a reflection of how Utah compensates teachers.", "Saint George, UT salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Saint George, UT salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only. They are presented as is and updated regularly.", "This chart describes the expected percentage of people who perform the job of Public School Teacher in Saint George, UT that make less than that salary. For example 50% of the people who perform the job of Public School Teacher in Saint George are expected to make less than the median. Source: HR Reported data as of July 2015", "Saint George, UT average salary is $63,737, median salary is $45,926 with a salary range from $20,800 to $150,000. Saint George, UT salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Saint George, UT salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only. They are presented as is and updated regularly.", "This is more than twice as high as the national rate of increase expected for accounting jobs nationwide according to the US Department of Labor (DOL). The median salary for an accountant in Utah was $62,300 in 2014 according to the DOL. Experienced professionals in the 90th percentile, often those with CPA licenses, earned an average of $103,600. Controllers at large financial services firms in Salt Lake City earned salaries in the range of $153,015 and $194,930 according to the 2015 Robert Half Salary Guide. Chief Financial Officers (CFOs) in Utah, which often hold CPA licenses, earned the highest salaries among all accounting professionals. CFOs at financial services firms in Salt Lake City earned between $156,550 and $277,750 according to the 2015 Robert Half Salary Guide", "Average CNA salaries for job postings in Saint George, UT are 15% lower than average CNA salaries for job postings nationwide. " ], "url": [ "http://www.teachersalaryinfo.com/average-teacher-salary-utah.html", "http://www.salarylist.com/city/Saint-George-UT-Salary.htm", "http://www.paralegaledu.org/utah/utah-salary/", "http://www.teachingdegree.org/utah/salary/", "http://www.salarylist.com/city/Saint-George-UT-Salary.htm", "http://www1.salary.com/UT/Saint-George/Public-School-Teacher-salary.html", "http://www.salarylist.com/city/Saint-George-UT-Salary.htm", "http://www.accountingedu.org/utah-accountant-salary.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-CNA-l-Saint-George,-UT.html" ] }

[]

[ "Greek" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Originally, almost all colors of chalcedony from white to dark brown and black were called onyx. Today when we think of onyx we often preface the word with black to distinguish it from other varieties of onyx that come in white, reddish brown, brown and banded. It has a fine texture and black color; however some onyx also displays white bands or ribbons against a black or brown background and this variety is known as sardonyx. The name comes from the Greek word onyx which means nail of a finger or claw.", "Onyx ON EBAY. ALL ABOUT. Onyx is an ancient gemstone, having been used in jewelry and as an ornamental gemstone for carvings since antiquity. Onyx has traditionally been one of the most important engraving and cameo gemstones, where its most common form was a black base with a white upper layer.", "In fine jewellery, the black backdrop is often supplied by onyx, a black chalcedony quartz with a fine texture. Some onyx also displays white bands or ribbons against a black background. If the layers are even, this type of onyx can be carved into cameos. Onyx was very popular with the ancient Greeks and Romans. The name comes from the Greek word 'onyx', which means nail or claw. ", "Onyx is similar to Agate, except for the fact that its bands are parallel with one another and are the same consistency. Onyx comes in several colors, most notably black, black with white bands, red, brown and reddish brown. It should be noted that red, brown and reddish brown quartz are usually called Sardonyx. Onyx makes a great precious stone for jewelry.", "In order to determine how much black onyx is worth, the size of the onyx, overall condition, and purity needs to be determined. However, a small ring with a black onyx pie … ce in it can be worth anywhere from $300.00 to over ten thousand. The black onyx is a pure black stone. Once cleaned up and everything, it is a smooth black stone. If it is true onyx, you should see your reflection of yourself in the stone, when you look at it. The black onyx makes a great stone for men's rings.", "Originally, almost all colors of chalcedony from white to dark brown and black were called onyx (SiO2 with impurities). Today when we think of onyx we often preface the word with black to distinguish it from other varieties of onyx that come in white, reddish brown, brown and banded. A variety of onyx that is reddish brown with white and lighter reddish bands is known as sardonyx. Onyx is a form of chalcedony, part of the quartz group. The name comes from the Greek word onyx which means nail of a finger or claw. Legend says that one day while Venus was sleeping Eros/Cupid cut her fingernails and left the clippings scattered on the ground. Because no part of a heavenly body can die, the gods turned them into stone which later became known as onyx.", "Another stone with a presence of metallic black colour-hematite-is also used for its protective and grounding energies. While it is easy to differentiate black onyx from hematite, for example, it is not so easy when it comes to easily distinguish black onyx from black tourmaline or black obsidian (in the polished form). ", "Onyx is a beautiful type of quartz that comes in a variety of colors. It is extremely similar to Agate, another type of quartz. Onyx usually comes in black or black with white bands. The bands that are found on Onyx run parallel and are consistent. Agate bands are round or circular and are not consistent. Onyx comes in several colors, most notably black, black with white bands, red, brown and reddish brown. It should be noted that red, brown and reddish brown quartz are usually called Sardonyx. Onyx makes a great precious stone for jewelry.", "For the 1984 video game, see The Black Onyx. Onyx is a banded variety of the silicate mineral chalcedony. Agate and onyx are both varieties of layered chalcedony that differ only in the form of the bands: agate has curved bands and onyx has parallel bands. The colors of its bands range from white to almost every color (save some shades, such as purple or blue). Onyx is a gemstone found in various regions of the world including Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Czech Republic, Germany, India, Madagascar, Latin America, the UK, and various states in the US." ], "url": [ "http://www.bernardine.com/gemstones/onyx.htm", "http://www.minerals.net/gemstone/onyx_gemstone.aspx", "http://www.gemstone.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=138:sapphire&catid=1:gem-by-gem&Itemid=14", "http://www.gemstoneeducation.com/Onyx.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_does_black_onyx_come_from", "http://www.mineralszone.com/stones/onyx.html", "http://fengshui.about.com/od/Crystals/f/what-is-black-onyx-and-black-obsidian.htm", "http://www.gemstoneeducation.com/Onyx.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onyx" ] }

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[ "A term referring to a category of people differentiated from the social majority, i.e. those who hold the majority of positions of social power in a society, and may be defined by law.", "It is a term referring to a category of people differentiated from the social majority, i.e. those who hold the majority of positions of social power in a society, and may be defined by law." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Noun. 1. ethnic minority-a group that has different national or cultural traditions from the majority of the population. ethnic group, ethnos-people of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture. ", "LINK / CITE ADD TO WORD LIST. noun. The definition of a minority is a group of people that differ in some way from the majority of the population, or any part of a whole that is smaller than the other parts. 1 When you own less than 50 percent of a building, this is an example of a time when you own a minority interest. n. 1 An ethnic, religious, or other defined group of people who may face discrimination from the majority as a result of their differences. 2 The condition of not yet being of legal age. 3 A group of less than half of eligible voters.", "minority group. (noun) “[A]ny group of people who are singled out from the others for differential and unequal treatment” (OpenStax College 2012). Audio Pronunciation: (mi·nor·i·ty group). Download Audio Pronunciation: minority group.mp3. Usage Notes: 1 Plural: minority groups. 2 Some minority groups are model minorities. 3 A type of", "The term minority group often occurs alongside a discourse of civil rights and collective rights which gained prominence in the 20th century. Members of minority groups are prone to different treatment in the countries and societies in which they live. Sociologist Louis Wirth defined a minority group as a group of people who, because of their physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the others in the society in which they live for differential and unequal treatment, and who therefore regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination..", "minority-Legal Definition. n. 1 An ethnic, religious, or other defined group of people who may face discrimination from the majority as a result of their differences. 2 The condition of not yet being of legal age. 3 A group of less than half of eligible voters.", "Minority group is a term referring to a category of people differentiated from the social majority, i.e. those who hold the majority of positions of social power in a society, and may be defined by law. Rather than a relational social group , as the term would indicate, minority group refers to the above-described. The differentiation can be based on one or more observable human characteristics, including, but not limited to: ethnicity, race, gender, wealth, health or sexual orientation. Sociologist Louis Wirth defined a minority group as a group of people who, because of their physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the others in the society in which they live for differential and unequal treatment, and who therefore regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination..", "noun. 1 a group of a certain race that are in the minority compared to a larger group, the rest of the population, etc. 1", ": a number or amount that is less than half of a total. : the group that is the smaller part of a larger group. : a group of people who are different from the larger group in a country, area, etc., in some way (such as race or religion). plural mi·nor·i·ties. ", "Minority rights are the normal individual rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious, linguistic or sexual minorities; and also the collective rights accorded to minority groups. Minority rights may also apply simply to individual rights of anyone who is not part of a majority decision. " ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Minority+group", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/minority", "http://sociologydictionary.org/minority-group/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minority_group", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/minority", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minority_group", "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/racial-minority", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/minority", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minority_rights" ] }

[]

[ "U.S. legislation" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Federal Reserve Board, consisting of seven members, was created as the governing body of the Fed. Each member is appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. In 1935, the Board was renamed and restructured. The Federal Reserve Act created a system of private and public entities; there were to be at least eight, and no more than 12, private regional Federal Reserve banks.", "The Federal Reserve Act was a part of the banking and currency reform plan advocated by President Wilson in 1913. The chairmen of the House and Senate Banking and Currency committees sponsored this legislation; representative Carter Glass, a Democrat of Virginia and Senator Robert Latham Owen, a Democrat of Oklahoma. The Federal Reserve Act created a system of private and public entities; there were to be at least eight, and no more than 12, private regional Federal Reserve banks.", "President Woodrow Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act into law on December 23, 1913. Prior to the creation of the Fed, the U.S. economy was plagued by frequent episodes of panic, bank failures, and credit scarcity. Since the creation of the Federal Reserve, other pieces of legislation have shaped the structure and operation of the nation’s central bank. Following the Great Depression, Congress passed the Banking Act of 1935, which established the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) as the Fed’s monetary policymaking body.", "As far as the terms of the Federal Reserve governors, they agreed on staggered terms and extended them from the six or eight years in the approved bills to ten to ensure no president could appoint all governors during a two-term presidency. The Federal Reserve Act was signed by President Wilson on December 23, 1913. BibliographyGlass, Carter. An Adventure in Constructive Finance. New York: Doubleday, Page and Co., 1927. ", "It was created by the Congress to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve was created on December 23, 1913, when President Woodrow Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act into law. Today, the Federal Reserve's responsibilities fall into four general areas.", "established in december 1913. it is the act that created the federal reserve system, the central banking system of the united states, which was signed into law by woodrow wilson. it regulated banking to help smaller banks stay in business. ", "President Woodrow Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act on December 23, 1913. The Act established the Federal Reserve System to oversee the nation’s money supply and provide an “elastic” currency that could expand and contract in response to the economy’s changing demand for money and credit. Since the creation of the Federal Reserve, other pieces of legislation have shaped the structure and operation of the nation’s central bank. Following the Great Depression, Congress passed the Banking Act of 1935, which established the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) as the Fed’s monetary policymaking body.", "3) is an Act of Congress that created and established the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States, and granted it the legal authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes (now commonly known as the U.S. Dollar) and Federal Reserve Bank Notes as legal tender. The Federal Reserve Act created a system of private and public entities; there were to be at least eight, and no more than 12, private regional Federal Reserve banks.", "It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, largely in response to a series of financial panics, particularly a severe panic in 1907. Over time, the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System have expanded, and its structure has evolved. The seven-member Board of Governors is a federal agency. It is charged with the overseeing of the 12 District Reserve Banks and setting national monetary policy. It also supervises and regulates the U.S. banking system in general.", "DEFINITION of '1913 Federal Reserve Act'. The 1913 U.S. legislation that created the current Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve Act intended to establish a form of economic stability through the introduction of the Central Bank, which would be in charge of monetary policy, into the United States. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Act", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Act", "http://www.frbsf.org/education/teacher-resources/what-is-the-fed/history/", "http://www.federalreservehistory.org/Events/DetailView/10", "http://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/about_12594.htm", "https://quizlet.com/722721/federal-reserve-act-flash-cards/", "http://www.frbsf.org/education/teacher-resources/what-is-the-fed/history/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Act", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Reserve_System", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/1913-federal-reserve-act.asp" ] }

[]

[ "Approx $93,100." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Assistant 3 years teaching/research/industrial experience post-PhD. Professor: Assistant For a fresh Ph.D. the position will be on contract basis for first three years, after the Professor completion of which it can be regularized. (on Contract): SCALE OF PAY: Professor: Minimum Pay of Rs.48000 in PB4 (Rs.37400 - 67000) plus Academic Grade Pay of Rs. 9500 Assistant Professor: Minimum Pay of Rs.30000 in PB3 (Rs.15600 - 39100) plus Academic Grade Pay of Rs. 8000 Assistant Professor: Minimum Pay of Rs.20140 in PB3 (Rs.15600 - 39100) (on Contract) plus Academic Grade Pay of Rs. 6000 Allowances as admissible to Central Government employees.", "According to figures compiled by MIT Tech Talk from the national salary survey of the American Association of University Professors, the 95th percentile average salary is $92,940 for professors, $61,120 for associate professors and $51,840 for assistant professors at doctoral institutions. (The 80th percentile among doctoral institutions is $78,050). The AAUP study, compiled by Maryse Eymonerie Associates, reports the salaries in thousands of dollars, rounded to the nearest $100, and adjusted for a nine-month year. The study doesn't include salaries of professors in medical schools.", "Last September 16, Mapua Mapúa institute Of technology hosted an information session on-start up technology businesses courtesy Of Ideaspace foundation in coordination With’mapua mapúa s Office For international Linkages for Research.... and development Mapua mapúa hosts first technopreneurship consortium Of manila. Schools Last september, 16 Mapua mapúa Institute of technology hosted an information session-on start up technology businesses Courtesy Of ideaspace foundation in Coordination’with mapua mapúa S Office for International linkages For.... research and development", "The average pay for associate professors at MIT (both tenured and non-tenured) is $66,000, ranking them fifth for that category. The average pay for assistant professors at MIT is $52,500, ranking them eighth in that category. (The 80th percentile among doctoral institutions is $78,050). The AAUP study, compiled by Maryse Eymonerie Associates, reports the salaries in thousands of dollars, rounded to the nearest $100, and adjusted for a nine-month year. The study doesn't include salaries of professors in medical schools.", "That person is Seth Alexander, president of the MIT Investment Management Company. Alexander’s total compensation was $1,316,463, which includes $709,001 of “bonus and incentive compensation.” That is primarily tied to the performance of MIT’s endowment “relative to peer and market benchmarks.”. (Her “total compensation” was $1,006,969, up from $931,603. Total compensation includes retirement and deferred compensation, as well as $120,685 of “nontaxable benefits.”). Comparison with Harvard. Hockfield’s reported numbers are higher than Harvard President Drew Gilpin Faust, just as they were last year.", "Vision. Mapua Mapúa library envisions itself as one of the’country s leading libraries in the academic. Realm guided by the goals and objectives of The, institution it affirms itself to be The Resource center Of excellence in, information especially in the field Of science And. technology 2.1 Circulation. It is located at the second floor of the West building. Library service is from 7:00AM –7:00PM (Monday to Friday), 7:00AM – 6:00PM (Saturday) and 8:00 AM -5:00 PM(2 Sundays before Final exams). This service has the objective of supporting the instructional and research programs of the Institute.", "The average salary of full professors at MIT this year is $93,100, the eighth highest in the nation among doctorate-granting institutions. (The 80th percentile among doctoral institutions is $78,050). The AAUP study, compiled by Maryse Eymonerie Associates, reports the salaries in thousands of dollars, rounded to the nearest $100, and adjusted for a nine-month year. The study doesn't include salaries of professors in medical schools.", "The average salaries are $71,290 for professors, $50,240 for associate professors, and $42,500 for assistant professors. The survey was published in the April 21 edition of The Chronicle of Higher Education. (The 80th percentile among doctoral institutions is $78,050). The AAUP study, compiled by Maryse Eymonerie Associates, reports the salaries in thousands of dollars, rounded to the nearest $100, and adjusted for a nine-month year. The study doesn't include salaries of professors in medical schools." ], "url": [ "http://www.iitgn.ac.in/pdf/IITGN-faculty-advt.pdf", "http://news.mit.edu/1995/salaries-0426", "http://www.mapua.edu.ph/", "http://news.mit.edu/1995/salaries-0426", "http://tech.mit.edu/V132/N27/topsalaries.html", "http://library.mapua.edu.ph/About/Default.aspx", "http://news.mit.edu/1995/salaries-0426", "http://news.mit.edu/1995/salaries-0426" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "RNA in eukaryotic cells (humans, plants, animals) is made inside the nucleus. After transcribing from DNA to RNA in the nucleus, pre-mRNA (messenger RNA) is processed (splicing, polyadenylation, capping) and then mRNA is transported out of the nucleus into the cytosol, where it is translated to protein by ribosomes. ", "1 Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of cell organelles called ribosomes. 2 A ribosome consists of ribosomal proteins and rRNA. 3 Ribosomes are typically composed of two subunits: a large subunit and a small subunit. 4 Ribosomal subunits are synthesized in the nucleus by the nucleolus. ", "I understand that nucleolus is actually in the nucleus. Im wondering if rRNA is made where mRNA is transcribed, different area from ribosomal synth. All RNA is produced in the nucleus. The thing about rRNA is that it is constitutively expressed. The rRNA genes are encoded for multiple times along the length of the genome.", "Answer by Ryan L. Rogers. Confidence votes 3. Messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized (made) in the nucleus. The DNA is in the nucleus, in the form of chromosomes, and the necessary enzyme, RNA polymerase, is in the nucleus also. This is definitely correct...", "The nucleolus is contained within the cell nucleus. The nucleolus (/nuːˈkliːɵləs/ ; plural nucleoli /nuːˈkliːɵlaɪ/) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where it primarily serves as the site of ribosome synthesis and assembly. ", "Best Answer: mRNA is made in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Since prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus the mRNA is made directly off of the DNA in the cell's cytoplasm. Extra info: Eukaryotic organisms include the protists, animals, plants, and fungi. Prokaryotic cells include the bacteria and archaea. Source(s): Have a biology bachelors degree.", "The nucleolus is the nuclear subdomain that assembles ribosomal subunits in eukaryotic cells. The nucleolar organiser regions of chromosomes, which contain the genes for pre‐ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA), serve as the foundation for nucleolar structure. ", "Answers. Best Answer: tRNA molecules are transcribed (in eukaryotic cells) by RNA polymerase III,unlike messenger RNA which is transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Molecules of tRNA are formed in the nucleus and migrate into the cytoplasm. Source(s): http://www.starsandseas.com/SAS%20Geneti... Peter S · 7 years ago.", "In molecular biology, ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is the RNA component of the ribosome, and is essential for protein synthesis in all living organisms. It constitutes the predominant material within the ribosome, which is approximately 60% rRNA and 40% protein by weight. ", "rRNA itself is transcribed in the nucleolus, where ribosomes are assembled (from rRNA and ribosomal proteins) in totality. Keep in mind though, that the ribosomal proteins are translated from mRNA outside the nucleus and imported back in before they can be used for ribosome assembly in the nucleolus. Click to expand... All RNA is produced in the nucleus. The thing about rRNA is that it is constitutively expressed. The rRNA genes are encoded for multiple times along the length of the genome." ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090127094003AAlTCe3", "http://biology.about.com/od/molecularbiology/ss/rna.htm", "http://forums.studentdoctor.net/threads/ribosomes-made-in-nucleolus-rrna-made-in-nucleus.914285/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_is_mRNA_made", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleolus", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061104145423AAaG3Nb", "http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0005975.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080812103550AA6lmZZ", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomal_RNA", "http://forums.studentdoctor.net/threads/ribosomes-made-in-nucleolus-rrna-made-in-nucleus.914285/" ] }

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[ "Average high in january is 68 f 20 c and the average low is 52 f 11 c. The average high in july is 90 f 32 c and the average low is 77 f 25 c" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "hurricanes too may strike the padre island region at this time such as the one in 1919 that devastated much of corpus christi however most pass much further to the east weather statistics record that the island receives one hurricane on average every 7 5 years ", "how often south padre island has cold temperatures a cold day on south padre island is when the temperature stays below 50 degrees that happens once a year on average from april to october even the nights don t drop below 50 typically on only four nights a year does the temperature get below 40 degrees the numbers here tell you how hot and cold the weather usually is in south padre island texas during each month of the year the average high and low temperatures are listed below by month and annually for south padre island in both degrees fahrenheit and celsius", "south padre island temperatures averages by month the numbers here tell you how hot and cold the weather usually is in south padre island texas during each month of the year the average high and low temperatures are listed below by month and annually for south padre island in both degrees fahrenheit and celsius maximums and minimums are only part of the temperature picture to fill in the rest there s information on how many days a month get above or below a given temperature", "the climate summary for this page is based on data from the global summary of the day and is based on weather observations between january 1947 through to december 2012 at brownsville south padre island international brownsville texas the wettest month by average rainfall in brownsville tx is september with an average of 3 5 inches of rain falling on 9 to 10 days although in january it typically rains on more days with 0 9 inches falling i", "brownsville is 25 miles 40 km southwest of south padre island according to the united states census bureau the town has a total area of 2 3 square miles 6 0 km 2 of which 2 1 square miles 5 5 km 2 is land and 0 2 square miles 0 5 km 2 or 8 44 % is water the town is located on south padre island a barrier island along the texas gulf coast accessible via a causeway from the town of port isabel south padre island is named after jose josé nicolas nicolás balli ballí padre balli ballí a catholic priest and settler", "compared to many places in texas the temperatures at south padre island are less extreme it normally never gets above 100 degrees fahrenheit yet on all but ten days a year the high reaches at least 60 degrees the numbers here tell you how hot and cold the weather usually is in south padre island texas during each month of the year the average high and low temperatures are listed below by month and annually for south padre island in both degrees fahrenheit and celsius", "south padre island receives less precipitation and slightly higher summer maximum temperatures and humidity than some areas in south florida except miami the average high in january is 68 f 20 c and the average low is 52 f 11 c the average high in july is 90 f 32 c and the average low is 77 f 25 c the town is located on south padre island a barrier island along the texas gulf coast accessible via a causeway from the town of port isabel south padre island is named after jose josé nicolas nicolás balli ballí padre balli ballí a catholic priest and settler", "in september 1967 hurricane beulah caused extensive damage to much of the town of south padre island on 23 july 2008 hurricane dolly made landfall on the island as a category 1 storm also causing extensive damage to the town the bahia mar condominium had extensive damage and had to be gutted due to the damage the town is located on south padre island a barrier island along the texas gulf coast accessible via a causeway from the town of port isabel south padre island is named after jose josé nicolas nicolás balli ballí padre balli ballí a catholic priest and settler", "south padre island texas has a humid sub tropical climate that is similar to that of south florida a long warm season keeps the water temperatures reasonably warm year round summer months see water temperatures in the 70s and 80s while winter month are in the high 50 s and 60s view temperatures of water and air past and present on south padre island texas see wave and tide charts for the two bodies of water surrounding spi gulf of mexico and laguna madre bay", "temperature the warmest month in brownsville south padre island international brownsville texas is august with an average high temperature of 93 5 f the hottest day on record was march 27 1984 when the temperature hit 106 0 f the wettest month by average rainfall in brownsville tx is september with an average of 3 5 inches of rain falling on 9 to 10 days although in january it typically rains on more days with 0 9 inches falling i" ], "url": [ "http://www.americansouthwest.net/texas/padre_island/weather.html", "http://www.currentresults.com/Weather/Texas/Places/south-padre-island-temperatures-by-month-average.php", "http://www.currentresults.com/Weather/Texas/Places/south-padre-island-temperatures-by-month-average.php", "http://www.climatespy.com/climate/summary/united-states/texas/brownsville-south-padre-island-intl", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Padre_Island,_Texas", "http://www.currentresults.com/Weather/Texas/Places/south-padre-island-temperatures-by-month-average.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Padre_Island,_Texas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Padre_Island,_Texas", "http://airpadrekiteboarding.com/weather/south-padre-island-air-and-water-temperatures.html", "http://www.climatespy.com/climate/summary/united-states/texas/brownsville-south-padre-island-intl" ] }

[]

[ "1960" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Political wrangling between Britain and France in the 1880s saw Britain recognize France's claim to authority on the island, leading in 1890 to formal French protectorate status that was unrecognized by the government of Madagascar. King Andrianampoinimerina (1785–1810) and his son, Radama I (1810–1828) succeeded in uniting nearly all of Madagascar under Merina rule. These kings and their successors descended from a line of ancient Merina royalty who ruled the lands of Imerina in the central Highlands of Madagascar since at least the 16th century.", "Madagascar's Battle for Independence. The 1946 constitution of the French Fourth Republic made Madagascar a territoire d'outre-mer (overseas territory) within the French Union. It accorded full citizenship to all Malagasy parallel with that enjoyed by citizens in France. The National Movement for the Independence of Madagascar (Mouvement National pour l'Ind pendance de Madagascar--Monima) led a peasant uprising in Toliara Province. The creator and leader of Monima was Monja Jaona, a c tier from the south who also participated in the Revolt of 1947.", "Under the leadership of President Philibert Tsiranana, Madagascar's First Republic (1960–1972) was established as a democratic system modeled on that of France. King Andrianampoinimerina (1785–1810) and his son, Radama I (1810–1828) succeeded in uniting nearly all of Madagascar under Merina rule. These kings and their successors descended from a line of ancient Merina royalty who ruled the lands of Imerina in the central Highlands of Madagascar since at least the 16th century.", "The history of Madagascar is distinguished clearly by the early isolation of the landmass from the ancient supercontinents containing Africa and India, and by the island's late colonization by human settlers arriving in outrigger canoes from the Sunda islands between 200 BC and 500 AD. King Andrianampoinimerina (1785–1810) and his son, Radama I (1810–1828) succeeded in uniting nearly all of Madagascar under Merina rule. These kings and their successors descended from a line of ancient Merina royalty who ruled the lands of Imerina in the central Highlands of Madagascar since at least the 16th century.", "The first king of Madagascar, Radama I, who ruled from 1810 to 1828, allied himself with the British governor of a nearby island called Mauritius, and was supplied with weapons to conquer the east coast of Madagascar. Once he established his realm he invited Christian missionaries to the country. However in a referendum in 1958 Madagascar voted for independence within the French community, and the Malagasy Republic was created with Tsiranana the head of the government.", "Madagascar became independent from France on June 26, 1960. This was done through a peaceful process, with the adoption of a national constitution in 1959. How did Madagascar become independent? gthgkjlhgjk That is a strange answer! a republic on the island of Madagascar; achieved independence from France in 1960 and is an island in the Indian Ocean off the southeaste … rn coast of Africa; the 4th largest island in the world.", "Madagascar became independent from France on June 26, 1960. This was done through a peaceful process, with the adoption of a national constitution in 1959. How did Madagascar become independent? gthgkjlhgjk That is a strange answer! a republic on the island of Madagascar; achieved independence from France in 1960 and is an island in the Indian Ocean off the southeaste … rn coast of Africa; the 4th largest island in the world.", "Since Madagascar gained independence from France in 1960, the island's political transitions have been marked by numerous popular protests, several disputed elections, an impeachment, two military coups and one assassination. Madagascar's highest peaks rise from three prominent highland massifs: Maromokotro 2,876 m (9,436 ft) in the Tsaratanana Massif is the island's highest point, followed by Boby Peak 2,658 m (8,720 ft) in the Andringitra Massif, and Tsiafajavona 2,643 m (8,671 ft) in the Ankaratra Massif." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Madagascar", "http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/madagascar.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Madagascar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Madagascar", "http://corballyafricanfinal.weebly.com/colonization-and-independence.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_did_Madagascar_gain_its_independence", "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_did_madagascar_gain_independence", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascar" ] }

[]

[ "Dog-like in appearance, the spotted hyena is easily identified by its spotted coat, short mane and unique gait, They are classified in their own family, Hyaenidae, along with three other species, including the brown hyena, striped hyena and Aardwolf." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Males in most hyena species are larger than females, though the spotted hyena is exceptional, as it is the female of the species that outweighs and dominates the male. Also, unlike other hyenas, the female spotted hyena's external genitalia closely resembles that of the male. Hyenas are primarily nocturnal animals, but sometimes venture from their lairs in the early-morning hours. With the exception of the highly social spotted hyena, hyenas are generally not gregarious animals, though they may live in family groups and congregate at kills.", "Latin name: Hyaena hyaena. Appearance: A large, powerful animal, the striped hyena is covered in pale tan to greyish fur, which is usually quite shaggy.", "Striped Hyena. Aardwolf. Dog-like in appearance, the spotted hyena is easily identified by its spotted coat, short mane and unique gait. They are classified in their own family, Hyaenidae, along with three other species, including the brown hyena, striped hyena and Aardwolf.", "Hyena. There are four species of Hyena: spotted, brown, striped, and the aardwolf. All hyenas are usually nocturnal. The spotted hyena is the most well known. Spotted hyena live in Africa in savannas, grasslands, woodlands, forest edges, subdeserts and mountains.", "Spotted Hyaena: physical description. This large, dog-like animal has a spotted coat and is strongly built. Its general colour is sandy, ginger or dull grey to greyish brown, with blackish or dark brown spots on the back, flanks, rump, and legs. Spots may turn brown and fade with age.", "12 Yrs (wild) Up to 25 Yrs (in Captivity). Main Characteristics Spotted Hyenas are the largest species of hyena, with females being up to 10% larger than males. They have a body length of 1.3 m (4.25 ft), a tail length of 25 cms (10 inches) and they weigh between 62 and 70 kgs (135 - 155 lbs). ", "The hyena is a carnivorous dog-like species of animal, native to parts of both Africa and Asia. There are four known species of hyena, the spotted hyena, the striped hyena, the brown hyena and the aardwolf. All four hyena species have a bear-like stance as the front legs of a hyena are longer than the back legs of a hyena. The striped hyena, the brown hyena and the aardwolf all have a striped mane on the top of the hyenas neck that stands up when the hyena is frightened.", "Hyena Facts. Although they resemble both dogs and cats, the three species of hyenas and the aardwolf are in their own separate and very unique family called Hyaenidae. The most well-known is called the spotted hyena, also known as the laughing hyena due to the unusual and eerie sounds it makes. Fact is, hyenas are hyenas, or more scientifically, members of the small 4 species family called Hyeanidae. In the carnivore family tree are two main groups, feliformia, or cat-like carnivores, and caniformila, or dog-like carnivores.", "It may look like a dog, but the spotted hyena is more closely related to cats, civets, and genets. Also called the laughing hyena, the spotted hyena is a strong, capable hunter. It is the largest member of the hyena family (other members are the striped hyena, brown hyena, and aardwolf). Female spotted hyenas are a bit larger than the males, but otherwise they look exactly the same. The spotted hyena may look unusual, at first sight. It has a large head with a long, thick, muscular neck and powerful jaws that give the hyena the strongest bite of any mammal." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyena", "http://www.stripedhyena.com/shyena/info.html", "http://www.desertusa.com/animals/spotted-hyena.html", "http://www.thejunglestore.com/Hyenas", "http://www.hyaenidae.org/the-hyaenidae/spotted-hyena-crocuta-crocuta/crocuta-physical-description.html", "http://www.theanimalfiles.com/mammals/carnivores/hyena_spotted.html", "http://a-z-animals.com/animals/hyena/", "http://www.animalfactsencyclopedia.com/Hyena-facts.html", "http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/spotted-hyena" ] }

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[ "14- to 16-year", "It can be of any age to take a GCSE but It is most common for GCSEs to be taken at 16." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Taking GCSEs in Year 9 would be 2 years early as the final exams normally take place at the end of Year 11, but lots of schools take the first exams in some subjects in Year 9, or one or 2 GCSEs this early-you need to find out what your school offers. ", "GCSEs are the main qualifications that young people do in key stage 4 (usually this is in Y10 and 11 but some schools start in Y9). You will be able to choose some of your GCSE courses but there are some compulsory GCSE subjects that everyone has to take. Some subjects are compulsory at GCSE level and have to be taken by all young people. The compulsory subjects are…. 1 English (English Literature and English Language or a single English GCSE). 2 Maths. 3 Science (Core Science, Double Science or Triple Science).", "During Year 9 (ages 13-14) your child will choose which subjects to study at Key Stage 4 (Years 10 to 11, ages 14-16). These will be the subjects they will take for GCSE exams. The school will give your child information about GCSE choices, but it will also be helpful if you discuss their choices with them. ", "Answered by The Community. Making the world better, one answer at a time. You can be of any age to take a GCSE. It is most common for GCSEs to be taken at 16, but there are also cases of 7 year olds taking them. ", "Usual to start the 2 year course at age 13/14 and take the exams at age 15 / 16. Some more gifted students can take the exams at an earlier age. Don't believe there are any limits. The method I used, a while back now, was to study the course work, make notes on it, learn them so I could explain it to someone else. Report Abuse. a student takes their GCSE's at the age of 15/16 but depending on how clever a child is can take GCSE's a few years earlier. there are loads of programs to help you like BBC BITESIZE. [*Becca Bizzle*] · 7 years ago.", "In Northern Ireland, these age groups are designated as one year group higher, so that Year 9 elsewhere is equivalent to Year 10 in Northern Ireland, and so forth. The number of subjects a pupil studies at GCSE level can vary. In secondary schools, GCSEs are compulsory in the core subjects. The only requirement is that in state schools English, mathematics, science and physical education are studied during Key Stage 4 (the GCSE years of school).", "GCSEs-General Certificates of Secondary Education-are the main qualifications taken by 14- to 16-year-olds in schools and colleges in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. But you can take them to gain a qualification in a subject you’re interested in at any age. GCSEs are usually studied full time, taking two years to complete. Short courses are also available, and adult learners can take evening classes or teach themselves.", "If you don’t achieve a GCSE grade C in English or maths, you will have to continue to study it in post-16 education until you do so (up until the age of 18). Some schools have other compulsory subjects. Other than that, you can choose what subjects to take. But you can take them to gain a qualification in a subject you’re interested in at any age. GCSEs are usually studied full time, taking two years to complete. Short courses are also available, and adult learners can take evening classes or teach themselves.", "Confidence votes 278. You can be of any age to take a GCSE. It is most common for GCSEs to be taken at 16, but there are also cases of 7 year olds taking them (obviously these are very talented 7 year olds, as this is not the norm). It is also possible to retake GCSEs whilst at college/sixth form, or you can go to an adult learning course to do them at any age." ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101228041217AAxidYS", "http://careerpilot.org.uk/info/your-choices-at-14/gcses-compulsory-and-optional/", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/parents/gcse_choosing/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/At_what_age_are_you_when_you_have_your_GCSE%27s", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080826025535AAONOjw", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Certificate_of_Secondary_Education", "http://qualifications.pearson.com/en/qualifications/edexcel-gcses/about.html", "http://qualifications.pearson.com/en/qualifications/edexcel-gcses/about.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_old_do_you_have_to_be_to_do_a_GCSE" ] }

[]

[ "A novelty in biosensing application for the immobilization of an array of biocomponents able to recognize a wide range of different analytes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Scheme of the assembled prototype of the micro-electrodes array (MEA) biosensor (configuration of 20 cm × 30 cm × 10 cm); on the left the static mode device and on the right the dynamic one. In the centre is visible the MEA.", "1. Scheme of the assembled prototype of the micro-electrodes array (MEA) biosensor (configuration of 20 cm × 30 cm × 10 cm); on the left the static mode device and on the right the dynamic one. In the centre is visible the MEA.", "385 biosensor array can be easily adapted for continuous monitoring operations by integration with a computer-controlled sampler to format automatic analytical system. Because of these advantages, more and more biosensor arrays are applied in varied areas including environmental monitoring.", "The implemented biosensor array was based on the micro-electrodes array (MEA) technology, which can be considered a novelty in biosensing application for the immobilization of an array of biocomponents able to recognize a wide range of different analytes.", "What is a Biosensor? • Definitions – A device used to measure biologically relevant information • Oxygen electrodes, neural interfaces, etc. – A device using a biological component as part of the transduction mechanism • Antibodies•Enzymes• DNA, RNA• Whole cells• Whole organs/systems ", "The development of a biosensor system based on an array of different biological recognition elements, able to monitor a wide range of compounds, and the employment of several transduction systems integrated together to create a biosensing platform, could be an useful strategy to overcome this effort.", "In section II, the characteristics of the tBLM biosensor and its interrogation method are discussed. In section III, a new measurement scheme targeting high-density tBLM based biosensor arrays is introduced, and its circuit realization is presented in section IV. II.", "[36] designed a Love-wave biosensor array by coupling aptamers to the surface of a Love-wave sensor chip. The sensor chip consists of five single sensor elements and allows label-free, real-time, and quantitative measurements of protein and nucleic acid binding events in concentration-dependent fashion.", "370 An impedance biosensor based on interdigitated array microelectrode (IDAM) coupled with magnetic nanoparticle–antibody conjugates (MNAC) was developed and evaluated for rapid and specific detection of E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef samples by Li et al." ], "url": [ "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925400512010155", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925400512010155", "http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/22753/InTech-Biosensor_arrays_for_environmental_monitoring.pdf", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925400512010155", "http://www.eng.utah.edu/~gale/mems/Lecture%2026b%20BioMEMS.pdf", "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925400512010155", "http://www.egr.msu.edu/%7Emason/pubs/sensors_conf06-Chao-EIScircuit.pdf", "http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/22753/InTech-Biosensor_arrays_for_environmental_monitoring.pdf", "http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/22753/InTech-Biosensor_arrays_for_environmental_monitoring.pdf" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Phenergan-Codeine (codeine and promethazine) is a combination of a narcotic that acts a pain reliever and a cough suppressant, and an antihistamine, used to treat cold or allergy symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and cough.", "Promethazine is an antihistamine that relieves watery eyes, itchy eyes /nose/throat, runny nose, and sneezing. Codeine is a narcotic cough suppressant (antitussive) that affects a certain part of the brain, reducing the urge to cough.", "It is a pain reliever and a cough suppressant. Promethazine is an antihistamine. It blocks the effects of the naturally occurring chemical histamine in your body. The combination of codeine and promethazine is used to treat cold or allergy symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and cough.", "Codeine is a narcotic. It is a pain reliever and a cough suppressant. Promethazine is an antihistamine. It blocks the effects of the naturally occurring chemical histamine in your body. The combination of codeine and promethazine is used to treat cold or allergy symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and cough.", "Codeine is a narcotic. It is a pain reliever and a cough suppressant. Promethazine is an antihistamine. It blocks the effects of the naturally occurring chemical histamine in your body. The combination of codeine and promethazine is used to treat cold or allergy symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and cough." ], "url": [ "http://www.rxlist.com/phenergan-codeine-side-effects-drug-center.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-2921/promethazine-codeine-oral/details", "http://www.cigna.com/healthwellness/hw/medications/codeine-and-promethazine-d03357a1", "http://www.rxlist.com/phenergan-codeine-drug/patient-images-side-effects.htm", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/codeine-promethazine" ] }

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[ "An indemnity bond is, at its basic level, a type of insurance policy that ensures one party to a contract will perform as required." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "An indemnity bond is, at its basic level, a type of insurance policy that ensures one party to a contract will perform as required. Indemnity bonds, also referred to as surety bonds, are used across the business world.", "“ indemnity bond An indemnity bond is, at its basic level, a type of insurance policy that ensures one party to a contract will perform as required. indemnity bond s, also referred to as surety bonds, are used across the business world.", "Without an indemnity bond or indemnity agreement in such a case, the lender would be out the difference between what the house sold for and the loan. However, with an indemnity bond the lender would be protected for the full amount of the loan regardless of whether or not the borrower actually paid off the loan.", "Indemnity Bonds. An indemnity bond is a bond that is intended to reimburse the holder for any actual or claimed loss caused by the issuer’s conduct or another person’s conduct.", "An indemnity bond or indemnity agreement is often considered to be a form of surety bond, which means much the same thing, as a surety bond is designed to ensure that one party will be paid a certain amount if the other party fails to honor the terms of the mutual contract agreement.", "Generally Indemnity bonds refer to an obligation in writing where one party agrees to reimburse the other for loss or injury that the party may suffer because of the occurrence of a specified event, or that one party will protect the other from harm or loss.", "Save. An indemnity bond is, at its basic level, a type of insurance policy that ensures one party to a contract will perform as required. Indemnity bonds, also referred to as surety bonds, are used across the business world.", "An indemnity bond is an insurance contract intended to reimburse the holder of the bond for any loss caused by the named party's conduct." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/info_8369942_indemnity-bond.html", "http://www.investorwords.com/12164/indemnity_bond.html", "http://contract-law.laws.com/indemnity/indemnity-bond", "http://suretybonds.uslegal.com/indemnity-bonds/", "http://contract-law.laws.com/indemnity/indemnity-bond", "http://definitions.uslegal.com/b/bond-of-indemnity/", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8369942_indemnity-bond.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8369942_indemnity-bond.html" ] }

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[ "A keyboard that is a data input device for computers; arrangement of keys is modelled after the typewriter keyboard.", "Numeric keypad.", "It is the palm-sized, 17-key section of a standard computer keyboard, usually on the far right." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "• KEYPAD (noun). The noun KEYPAD has 1 sense: 1. a keyboard that is a data input device for computers; arrangement of keys is modelled after the typewriter keyboard. Familiarity information: KEYPAD used as a noun is very rare. A keyboard that is a data input device for computers; arrangement of keys is modelled after the typewriter keyboard. Classified under: Nouns denoting man-made objects. Synonyms: computer keyboard; keypad. Hypernyms (keypad is a kind of...): data input device; input device (a device that can be used to insert data into a computer or other computational device). keyboard (device consisting of a set of keys on a piano or organ or typewriter or typesetting machine or computer or the like)", "On Apple Macintosh computers, which lack a Num Lock key, the numeric keypad always produces only numbers; the Num Lock key is replaced by the Clear key. The arrangement of digits on numeric keypads with the 7-8-9 keys two rows above the 1-2-3 keys is derived from calculators and cash registers. It is notably different from the layout of telephone Touch-Tone keypads which have the 1-2-3 keys on top and 7-8-9 keys on the third row.", "Num lock means number lock ... and it is used for converting number pad at the keyboard from entering numbers to entering mouse coordinates ..... good luck. Best Answer: Num Lock is the button you use if you want to use the number keys at the side of your keyboard. Press it once t activate them and once again to knock it off.", "Num Lock is a key on the numeric keypad of most keyboards, used to switch that pad between number entry and arrow keys. It is a toggle key, like Caps Lock and Scroll Lock. Its state is usually represented by a light on the keyboard. Best Answer: Num Lock is the button you use if you want to use the number keys at the side of your keyboard. Press it once t activate them and once again to knock it off.", "1 British English: keypad The keypad on a telephone or some other machine is the set of buttons that you press in order to operate it. 2 NOUN...an elevator's push-button keypad. Translations for 'keypad'. 1 British English: keypad The keypad on a telephone or some other machine is the set of buttons that you press in order to operate it. 2 NOUN...an elevator's push-button keypad. 3 Brazilian Portuguese: teclado.", "Numeric keypad. A numeric keypad, number pad, numpad, or ten key, is the palm-sized, 17-key section of a standard computer keyboard, usually on the far right. It provides calculator-style efficiency for entering numbers. The arrangement of digits on numeric keypads with the 7-8-9 keys two rows above the 1-2-3 keys is derived from calculators and cash registers. It is notably different from the layout of telephone Touch-Tone keypads which have the 1-2-3 keys on top and 7-8-9 keys on the third row.", "A keypad is a set of buttons arranged in a block or pad which usually bear digits, symbols and usually a complete set of alphabetical letters. A phone key-pad also has the special buttons labelled * (star) and # (octothorpe, number sign, pound, hex or hash) on either side of the zero key. Most of the keys on a telephone also bear letters which have had several auxiliary uses, such as remembering area codes or whole telephone numbers.", "Their meanings, therefore, depend on what mode the numeric keypad is in. In numeric mode, they represent numbers; in cursor control mode, they are like arrow keys. Keyboards that support these dual functions contain an additional key that enables you to switch modes. " ], "url": [ "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/keypad.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_keypad", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061117043300AA7kXkI", "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061117043300AA7kXkI", "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/keypad", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_keypad", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keypad", "http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/N/numeric_keypad.html" ] }

[]

[ "Pendleton County, Kentucky, in the United States." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Welcome to Pendleton County Cooperative Extension. We are part of the University of Kentucky and Kentucky State University off-campus information network. Let us connect you to UK, KSU and the world. We deliver information, education, and solutions", "Pendleton County is located in the beautiful rolling hills of Northern Kentucky about half way between Cincinnati, Ohio to the north and Lexington, Kentucky to the south. It is spread over 280 square miles and has an abundance of hunting, fishing and boating opportunities. Pendleton County is also home to Kincaid Lake State Park. Kincaid has 850 acres to explore and offers camping, golfing, swimming and fishing with more pounds of largemouth bass per acre than any other lake in the state. Falmouth, our county seat, is located where the Main and South Licking Rivers come together", "“Unionism in Kentucky.— Considerable excitement was occasioned at Falmouth, Pendleton county, Ky. lately, by the partially successful attempt of the nest of Secessionists, led on by the Clerk and Deputy-Clerk of the Circuit Court for that county, to raise a Secession flag upon a building in that place. Kentucky Progress published this article (pdf) on Falmouth and Pendleton County. We recommend a history of Falmouth written by Dr. H. C. Clark, on the occasion of the new bridge opening in1927.", "Falmouth is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Pendleton County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 2,058 at the 2000 census. Some of the most recent productions put on by KRT have been: All Shook Up, Joseph and the Technicolor Coat of Many Colors, Fiddler on the Roof, A Country Christmas Carol, A Christmas Story, Willy Wonka Jr., and Honk Jr. Falmouth also hosts one of Kentucky's largest fall events, the Kentucky Wool Festival. The Wool Festival is an annual event that takes place just outside Kincaid Lake State Park during the first full weekend of October", "The Property Valuation Administrator's office is dedicated to serving and assisting the public with understanding the operation of the PVA office. In an effort to better reach property owners, appraisers, bankers, other government officials and taxpayers, the Pendleton County PVA has created a website on the Internet. This website is an extension of our office and contains information regarding property located in Pendleton County.", "Pendleton County was created from parts of Campbell and Bracken counties in 1798. The county was named after Edmund Pendleton, a longtime member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, the Continental Congress and chief justice of Virginia. Falmouth, the future county seat, began as a settlement called Forks of Licking, circa 1776. It was the site of the Battle of Blue Licks during the Revolutionary War.", "Pendleton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 14,877. Its county seat is Falmouth. The county was founded December 31, 1798, Pendleton County is included in the Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county was named after Edmund Pendleton, a longtime member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, the Continental Congress and chief justice of Virginia. Falmouth, the future county seat, began as a settlement called Forks of Licking, circa 1776. It was the site of the Battle of Blue Licks during the Revolutionary War.", "Pendleton County High School, just north of Falmouth, is the public high school. It currently is home to fewer than 1,000 students. The mascot for PCHS is the wildcat, and the school colors are red, black and white. The school features two gyms and a 450-seat auditorium. The county was named after Edmund Pendleton, a longtime member of the Virginia House of Burgesses, the Continental Congress and chief justice of Virginia. Falmouth, the future county seat, began as a settlement called Forks of Licking, circa 1776. It was the site of the Battle of Blue Licks during the Revolutionary War." ], "url": [ "http://pendleton.ca.uky.edu/", "http://pendletoncounty.ky.gov/", "http://www.nkyviews.com/pendleton/Pendleton_links.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falmouth,_Kentucky", "http://pendletonpva.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendleton_County,_Kentucky", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendleton_County,_Kentucky", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendleton_County,_Kentucky" ] }

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[ "Song Dynasty" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Making the world better, one answer at a time. The compass was first invented in the Han dynasty, but further improvements were made in the Song dynasty. According to historical records, compass is believed to be used at the time of Qin Dynasty(221-206 … B.C). The earliest compasses were made of lodestones. This mineral is made of iron oxide which orients itself to a north and south axis.In 1117 Zhu Yu's book Pingzhou Table Talks came out.", "Accompanying the invention of the compass were other inventions, such as the development of new types of locks along the canals. The Chinese previously had invented the sternpost rudder, actually in the Han Dynasty, but the sternpost rudder was very, very important for controlling a vessel. Printing, paper money, porcelain, tea, restaurants, gunpowder, the compass—the number of things that Chinese of the Song Dynasty (A.D. 960-1280) gave to the world is mind-boggling. This vibrant period in Chinese history was marked by economic prosperity and remarkable technological innovation.", "Han Dynasty Compass. This is a modern replica of the oldest instrument in the world which is known to be a compass. The spoon or ladle is of magnetic lodestone, and is supposed to be a symbolic representation of the Great Bear. The handle of the ladle points towards the South, and these compasses are sometimes called 'South Pointers'. The base plate is made of bronze", "These numbers allow the compass to show azimuths or bearings, which are commonly stated in this notation. The magnetic compass was first invented as a device for divination as early as the Chinese Han Dynasty (since about 206 BC), and later adopted for navigation by the Song Dynasty Chinese during the 11th century. The use of a compass is recorded in Western Europe and in Persia around the early 13th century. Usually, a diagram called a compass rose, shows the directions north, south, east, and west as abbreviated initials marked on the compass. When the compass is used, the rose can be aligned with the corresponding geographic directions, so, for example, the N mark on the rose really points to the north.", "(The Magnetic Compass invented in the 1st century by people in the Han Dynasty). The Magnetic Compass was created early in the 1st century CE when a man in China noticed that lodestone acted like a magnet and could be used to show direction. Back then the compass looked completely different than it does today. Another great invention in the Han Dynasty time period is paper. Paper was created in the 2nd century BCE. Before paper scholars were writing on rolls of silk which was not a bad source for writing.", "Used in Ancient China as early as the Qin dynasty (221 BCE – 207 BCE) or before, Chinese compasses were invented for more than just helping people find their way when traveling. Compasses were originally developed for aligning buildings with directions (north, south, east or west), and as a tool used in fortune telling. One of the first recordings of using a compass for navigation was during the Northern Song dynasty (960 CE – 1126 CE). These compasses were made by floating a magnetized needle in water.", "Original Chinese Compass Design. The Ancient Chinese compass was made from iron oxide, a mineral ore. Iron oxide is also known as lodestone and magneta. The most popular style of the first Chinese compass used a lodestone (which automatically points to the south) and a bronze plate. One of the first recordings of using a compass for navigation was during the Northern Song dynasty (960 CE – 1126 CE). These compasses were made by floating a magnetized needle in water.", "Han Dynasty. 15 facts about the Han dynasty. Han's Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) was a turning point in the history of China as it reunited China and brought many reforms in the administration and Chinese culture and civilization which were reigning supreme in the lives of people under Qin Shihuangdi's rule. Peasant rebellion of 206 BC overthrew Qin leading to a struggle for power between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu. In the battle,　Liu Bang won crowning as the ruler and founder of Han dynasty in China.", "The compass was invented in China during the Han Dynasty between the 2nd century BC and 1st century AD. The magnetic compass was not, at first, used for navigation, but for geomancy and fortune-telling by the Chinese. Usually, a diagram called a compass rose, shows the directions north, south, east, and west as abbreviated initials marked on the compass. When the compass is used, the rose can be aligned with the corresponding geographic directions, so, for example, the N mark on the rose really points to the north." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/In_what_dynasty_was_the_compass_invented", "http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/song-dynasty.html", "http://www.grand-illusions.com/acatalog/Han_Dynasty_Compass.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass", "http://kevinshandynasty.blogspot.com/2010/02/invention-magnetic-compass.html", "http://www.learnchinesehistory.com/history-chinese-compass/", "http://www.learnchinesehistory.com/history-chinese-compass/", "http://www.great-wallofchina.com/han-dynasty.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass" ] }

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[ "It is recognized as the gold standard assay of adrenal insufficiency, although this test is primarily used to determine the presence of Addison's disease and pituitary impairment" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "ACTH is made in the pituitary gland in response to the release of another hormone, called corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), by the hypothalamus. In turn, the adrenal glands then make a hormone called cortisol, which helps your body manage stress. 1 A problem with the adrenal glands or pituitary gland. 2 A high level of ACTH and a low level of cortisol (or low ACTH and high cortisol levels) could be caused by a problem with the adrenal glands. 3 Low levels of ACTH and cortisol could be caused by a problem with the pituitary gland. 4 Overproduction of ACTH.", "The ACTH stimulation test is occasionally used to test adrenal production of aldosterone at the same time as cortisol to also help in determining if primary (hyperreninemic) or secondary (hyporeninemic) hypoaldosteronism is present. This test measures how much ACTH the pituitary gland is producing. A healthy ACTH value should be just into the upper third of the range (assuming a range of 10–60 ng/L). The ACTH plasma and ACTH stimulation test together can give a clearer picture, especially for secondary adrenal insufficiency.", "ACTH (cosyntropin) stimulation test measures how well the adrenal glands respond to the hormone ACTH. ACTH is a hormone produced in the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol. ", "These samples will measure the level of cortisol in your blood. This ACTH stimulation test measures how your adrenal glands react to the ACTH in your blood by measuring your body’s cortisol levels. It’s important not to confuse this test with an ACTH test, which simply measures the ACTH levels in your blood. When there is a stressful situation, this hormone along with another hormone, norepinephrine, is responsible for the protective fight-or-flight response. If a doctor suspects that your adrenal glands might not be functioning properly, he or she may perform an ACTH (cosyntropin) stimulation test.", "ACTH Stimulation Test. Your pituitary gland, a pea-sized gland located at the base of your brain, produces many types of hormones, including the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands, which sit atop the kidneys, to release two hormones, cortisol and adrenaline, also known as epinephrine. When there is a stressful situation, this hormone along with another hormone, norepinephrine, is responsible for the protective fight-or-flight response. If a doctor suspects that your adrenal glands might not be functioning properly, he or she may perform an ACTH (cosyntropin) stimulation test.", "An adrenocorticotropic hormone test measures the level of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the blood to check for problems with the pituitary gland and adrenal glands. 1 A problem with the adrenal glands or pituitary gland. 2 A high level of ACTH and a low level of cortisol (or low ACTH and high cortisol levels) could be caused by a problem with the adrenal glands. 3 Low levels of ACTH and cortisol could be caused by a problem with the pituitary gland. 4 Overproduction of ACTH.", "These conditions include: 1 Cushing disease: excess cortisol that is due to an ACTH-producing tumor in the pituitary gland (usually a benign tumor). 2 Cushing syndrome: refers to the symptoms and signs associated with excess cortisol. ", "The ACTH stimulation test is recognized as the gold standard assay of adrenal insufficiency, although this test is primarily used to determine the presence of Addison's disease and pituitary impairment. This test measures how much ACTH the pituitary gland is producing. A healthy ACTH value should be just into the upper third of the range (assuming a range of 10–60 ng/L). The ACTH plasma and ACTH stimulation test together can give a clearer picture, especially for secondary adrenal insufficiency.", "The ACTH stimulation test is conducted by comparing baseline blood work against blood work taken 1 to 2 hours after an injection of the ACTH hormone. ACTH is the hormone that is naturally produced in the pituitary gland and triggers the release of cortisol from the adrenals into the dog’s system. If the test results show an extremely elevated level of cortisol in the bloodstream, it is likely the dog has Cushing’s disease. The ACTH stimulation test allows your veterinarian to determine whether or not your dog’s body is producing excessive amounts of cortisol and creating a toxic situation that can affect a variety of his body’s systems.", "This is a blood test that measures the amount of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) the pituitary gland produces. This gland is a tiny organ that sits just below your brain. It secretes adrenocorticotropic hormone, which controls the production of another hormone called cortisol. The test requires a blood sample, which is drawn through a needle from a vein in your arm. You may have blood drawn in the morning and in the afternoon or evening. This is to check for variations in your levels of ACTH hormone." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/children/adrenocorticotropic-hormone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACTH_stimulation_test", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/test/acth-cortrosyn-stimulation-test/overview.html", "http://www.healthline.com/health/acth-cosyntropin-stimulation-test", "http://www.healthline.com/health/acth-cosyntropin-stimulation-test", "http://www.webmd.com/children/adrenocorticotropic-hormone", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/acth/tab/test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACTH_stimulation_test", "http://www.vetinfo.com/diagnosing-canine-cushings-disease-acth-stimulation-test.html", "http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=167&ContentID=acth_blood" ] }

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[ "The interior lining of the eyeball, including the retina (the light-sensitive screen), optic disc (the head of the nerve to the eye), and the macula (the small spot in the retina where vision is keenest)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Syn. leopard retina. ocular fundus The interior of the eye (as may be seen with the aid of an ophthalmoscope) consisting of the retina, the retinal blood vessels and even sometimes the choroidal vessels when there is little pigment in the pigment epithelium (e.g. albinos), the foveal depression, and the optic disc. fundus of eye the back portion of the interior of the eyeball, visible through the pupil by use of the ophthalmoscope. fundus of gallbladder the inferior, dilated portion of the gallbladder. fundus of stomach the part of the stomach to the left and above the level of the opening of the esophagus.", "fundus of eye the back portion of the interior of the eyeball, visible through the pupil by use of the ophthalmoscope. (See Atlas 4, Part A). fundus of gallbladder the inferior, dilated portion of the gallbladder. the depths or cranial part of the urinary bladder. fundus camera. used to photograph the fundus of the eye. fundus of eye.", "Part 1: Normal Appearance & Light Responses. The ocular fundus is the part of the eye seen through the pupil with an ophthalmoscope. The appearance of the ocular fundus can be better understood if you remember that you are looking into a layered structure composed of the vitreous, retina, optic disc, retinal pigment epith-elium, choroid, and sclera. ", "Fundus is the bottom or base of anything. In medicine, it is a general term for the inner lining of a hollow organ. The ocular fundus is the inner lining of the eye made up of the Sensory Retina, the Retinal Pigment Epithelium, Bruch's Membrane, and the Choroid.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Fundus (disambiguation) . Fundus photographs of the right eye (left image) and left eye (right image), as seen from the front (so that left in each image is to the person's right and the person's nose would be between the two images). A fundus photo, showing the optic disc as a bright area on the right where blood vessels converge. The spot to the left of the centre is the macula. The grey, more diffuse spot in the centre is a shadow artifact.", "193 G.H.R.R. Janssens (1) N ormal variationof the ocular fundus in dogs SUMMAR Y The fundus is the part of the posterior eye segment that can be seen when using an ophthalmoscope. Thedifferent visible structures, from the tapetal and non-tapetal fundus, to the optic disc and the retinal bloodvessels, will be discussed. ", "Fundus, retinal: The interior lining of the eyeball, including the retina (the light-sensitive screen), optic disc (the head of the nerve to the eye), and the macula (the small spot in the retina where vision is keenest). The fundus is the portion of the inner eye that can be seen during an eye examination by looking through the pupil. Fundus is the Latin word for the bottom. In medicine, fundus refers to the bottom or base of an organ.", "The fundus of the eye is the interior surface of the eye opposite the lens and includes the retina, optic disc, macula, fovea, and posterior pole. The fundus can be examined by ophthalmoscopy and/or fundus photography. The term fundus may also be inclusive of Bruch's membrane and the choroid. A fundus photo, showing the optic disc as a bright area on the right where blood vessels converge. The spot to the left of the centre is the macula. The grey, more diffuse spot in the centre is a shadow artifact." ], "url": [ "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fundus", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/fundus+of+eye", "http://www.cliniciansbrief.com/column/procedures-pro/examination-ocular-fundus-part-1-normal-appearance-light-responses", "http://www.opsweb.org/?page=fundusimaging", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundus_(eye)", "http://www.oog-dierenarts.be/oogziekten/netvlies/fundus%20variatie%20%20Gerlinde.pdf", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10602", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundus_(eye)" ] }

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[ "Segmented worms (Annelida) are a group of invertebrates that includes about 12,000 species of earthworms, ragworms and leeches. Segmented worms live in marine habitats such as the intertidal zone and near hydrothermal vents." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The basic approach is to come up with a basic body compartment, like cars on a train, and build up a body by adding more. It is a quick and simple way to add size, and segmented worms, also known as annelids, are the prototypes. - The leeches are less segmented than the other types, although the basic body plan of the adult almost always starts with 34 segments between front and back (this is common in other segmented groups, where a set number of segments arises in embryos as the base architecture).", "There are about 15,000 species in this phylum. The phylum includes earthworms, leeches, and marine worms known as polychaetes. Species in this phylum have metameric bodies. Metameric bodies are divided into segments called annuli. The annuli are covered in tiny hairs called setae. Setae help the worms move", "Segmented worms also inhabit freshwater aquatic habitats as well as moist terrestrial habitats such as forest floors. Segmented worms are bilaterally symmetrical. Their body consists of a head region, a tail region and a middle region of numerous repeated segments. Segmented worms are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates. Segmented worms are divided into the following taxonomic groups: 1 Polychates-The polychaetes include about 12,000 species that are characterized by having multiple hairs on each segment. 2 Clitellates-The clitellates include about 10,000 species that have no nuchal organs or parapoidia", "Segmented worms (Annelida) are a group of invertebrates that includes about 12,000 species of earthworms, ragworms and leeches. Segmented worms live in marine habitats such as the intertidal zone and near hydrothermal vents. Segmented worms are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Invertebrates. Segmented worms are divided into the following taxonomic groups: 1 Polychates-The polychaetes include about 12,000 species that are characterized by having multiple hairs on each segment. 2 Clitellates-The clitellates include about 10,000 species that have no nuchal organs or parapoidia", "By Phil Myers. The annelids include earthworms, polychaete worms, and leeches. All members of the group are to some extent segmented, in other words, made up of segments that are formed by subdivisions that partially transect the body cavity. Segmentation is also called metamerism.", "The head and the rear of the body is not segmented. The digestive system of species in this phylum runs the length of the body. Food is taken in at one end of the body and expelled at the other end. Annelids have two sets of muscles that help them move. The phylum includes earthworms, leeches, and marine worms known as polychaetes. Species in this phylum have metameric bodies.", "Segmented worms are the largest worms and are things like earthworms or leeches. They are the most complex worms and have developed digestive systems and a group of nerves that works like a brain. The main difference is that segmented worms are more complex organisms. Confidence votes 17. Worms use their muscles and setae, short bristly hairs, to move. The setae help them control their speed, and latch on to the ground. They have two kinds of muscles: circular and longitudinal.", "Annelida. The animals in the Annelida are segmented worms. They have no legs, and no hard skeleton. Unlike mollusks, annelid bodies are divided into many little segments, like rings joined together. There are many other kinds of worms, but only annelids are segmented this way. There are three main groups of annelids, the earthworms (and their relatives), the leeches, and a big group that lives in the ocean and are called polychaetes (pol-ee-keets)." ], "url": [ "http://faculty.fmcc.suny.edu/mcdarby/Animals&PlantsBook/Animals/06-Segmented%20Worms.htm", "http://nhptv.org/wild/annelida.asp", "http://animals.about.com/od/segmentedworms/p/segmented-worms.htm", "http://animals.about.com/od/segmentedworms/p/segmented-worms.htm", "http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Annelida/", "http://nhptv.org/wild/annelida.asp", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_do_segmented_worms_move", "http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/Annelida/" ] }

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[ "Apples, pears, peaches, pineapple, strawberries, grapes, blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, apricots, mandarin oranges, plums, lemons, limes, cranberries, Red bell peppers, and onions." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Eating healthy foods, working with a renal dietitian and following a renal diet made up of kidney-friendly foods is important for people with kidney disease because they experience more inflammation and have a higher risk for cardiovascular disease. Many of the foods that protect against oxidation are included in the kidney diet and make excellent choices for dialysis patients or people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) .", "Your phosphorus needs may vary, depending on your kidney function. For adults with kidney disease, generally 800 to 1,000 milligrams (mg) of phosphorus a day is the limit. Many healthy adults eat almost double this amount. Whether you have early-stage kidney disease or you're on dialysis, you'll likely be advised to limit your phosphorus intake. Nearly every food contains some phosphorus. A registered dietitian can help you choose foods that are lower in", "These foods are good for everyone, not just people with kidney disease, so by using them in your family's meals, you'll be helping your loved ones enjoy good health too. 1. Red bell peppers. Red bell peppers are a good choice for those concerned about kidney health, because they're low in potassium. Most of us know that eating a balanced diet is important for good health. Now scientists have pinpointed certain foods as super foods. In addition to promoting overall health, these are foods for kidney health as well.", "Appropriate foods for kidney failure include low potassium fruits and vegetables. Low-potassium fruits include apples, pears, peaches, pineapple, strawberries, grapes, blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, apricots, mandarin oranges, plums, lemons, limes and cranberries. Dietary recommendations for kidney failure focus on limiting these five nutrients: sodium, potassium, phosphorus, protein and fluid. Food labels can help identify some appropriate foods. For sodium, look for foods that have a daily value of less than 20 percent per serving eaten", "Good news for people with kidney disease who already have their share of doctor visits. This kidney diet winner can be paired with the previous good-for-you food, onions, to make a unique Apple Onion Omelet. Many of the foods that protect against oxidation are included in the kidney diet and make excellent choices for dialysis patients or people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) .", "Kidney failure creates different needs in the body for someone with healthy kidneys, and it therefore requires a special diet. Although following a diet can feel restrictive, by focusing on consuming foods recommended for people with kidney failure, you can enjoy a broad range of healthy, delicious foods. Dietary recommendations for kidney failure focus on limiting these five nutrients: sodium, potassium, phosphorus, protein and fluid. Food labels can help identify some appropriate foods. For sodium, look for foods that have a daily value of less than 20 percent per serving eaten", "If you have kidney disease, it's important that you consult a renal dietitian and follow a kidney diet. Including super foods in your kidney diet eating plan can help you increase your intake of nutrients and antioxidants. Here’s a list of the top 15 kidney-friendly super foods. Most of us know that eating a balanced diet is important for good health. Now scientists have pinpointed certain foods as super foods. In addition to promoting overall health, these are foods for kidney health as well.", "Choose low-phosphorus foods. The best way to limit phosphorus in your diet is to limit foods highest in phosphorus, including: 1 Fast food, convenience foods and processed foods, which may be full of phosphorus additives. 2 Beverages that contain phosphorus (look for the letters phos in the ingredient list). Whether you have early-stage kidney disease or you're on dialysis, you'll likely be advised to limit your phosphorus intake. Nearly every food contains some phosphorus. A registered dietitian can help you choose foods that are lower in", "If you don’t have kidney disease and just want to eat a healthy diet for your kidneys, be sure to eat a variety of fruits, vegetables, beans, legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds to get a balance of both potassium-rich and moderate-potassium containing foods. Your kidneys are a prime detox organ in your body. Here’s how to take care of them best and some foods for those with kidney disease or concerns." ], "url": [ "http://www.davita.com/kidney-disease/diet-and-nutrition/lifestyle/top-15-healthy-foods-for-people-with-kidney-disease/e/5347", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/food-and-nutrition/expert-answers/FAQ-20058408", "http://yourkidneys.com/kidney-education/Diet-and-nutrition/15-super-foods-for-kidney-health/2924", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/293945-list-of-foods-to-eat-with-kidney-failure/", "http://www.davita.com/kidney-disease/diet-and-nutrition/lifestyle/top-15-healthy-foods-for-people-with-kidney-disease/e/5347", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/293945-list-of-foods-to-eat-with-kidney-failure/", "http://yourkidneys.com/kidney-education/Diet-and-nutrition/15-super-foods-for-kidney-health/2924", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/food-and-nutrition/expert-answers/FAQ-20058408", "http://www.onegreenplanet.org/natural-health/cleaning-up-your-kidneys-helpful-foods-and-drinks-to-consider/" ] }

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[ "$300" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "You do not want to add to the stress of unmanageable funeral, burial, or cremation costs. 1 The average funeral cost is between $3,500 and $8,000. 2 The average burial cost is between $900 and $1,500. *Shop Around: Before contracting with a funeral home, make a few quick calls to compare prices. One funeral home may have a basic burial plan priced at $4,000, while across town the price could be $2,500.", "1 In the city-run cemetery in Bloomington, MN, interment fees are $300 for an infant, $600 for a child and $750 for an adult; and at the private Jefferson Memorial Cemetery in Pittsburgh, PA, internment fees vary from $1,090-$1,368 for full burial, or $215-$731 for cremation burial sites. 1 See How Much Do Burial Vaults Cost. 2 Internment fees (for opening and closing the grave, replacing the sod, legally required record keeping and related services) can add another $350-$900 in a public cemetery and $600-$3,000 or more in private cemeteries.", "We found a funeral home that donated their services to infants. That included preparation of his little body and his casket. Even still, we had to pay a transportation fee of $450 to transport his body from the church to the cemetery. We also had to pay for his burial plot, which was around $400. His headstone cost $1500. So, all in all, even with the funeral home donating their services (which was about a $2000 value), we still ended up paying around $2500. I have 2 friends that each own a funeral home and one also owns a business that prepares the bodies for burial. Our son's funeral cost about $850. We paid only cost on the casket/vault and paperwork costs. That also included $350 for tent rental. (August in Texas is hot! 90 by 10am.) Both friends charged us only cost, they never charge full price for babies", "In other Western Countries, such as the US, a baby's funeral costs vary drastically by locale. In fact, some funeral directors have a standing policy that they will provide all of their professional services for free with the only items being chargeable are: coffin/casket selection, burial plot, obituary notices, etc. The cost can vary, depending on how elaborate you want the coffin, flowers, etc., to be. But the average cost is around $5,000 - $7,000, meaning some can cost less, and others … cost more. A lot also depends on what part of the country you live in and how elaborate you want to go.", "1 A burial plot in a public cemetery averages $200-$900 (often including the one-time perpetual care endowment fee) for cemetery district residents, but costs for non-residents as much as double. 2 Infant or baby burial plots are less expensive than those for adults, and rural cemeteries often cost less than urban ones. 1 See How Much Do Burial Vaults Cost. 2 Internment fees (for opening and closing the grave, replacing the sod, legally required record keeping and related services) can add another $350-$900 in a public cemetery and $600-$3,000 or more in private cemeteries.", "1 In addition to the cost of the burial plot, it can run $250-$600 for a simple flat granite grave marker or $1,000-$3,000 and up for an upright monument. 2 See How Much Do Headstones Cost. 3 Many private cemeteries require a grave liner or burial vault to protect the casket underground, with costs starting at $400-$5,000. 1 See How Much Do Burial Vaults Cost. 2 Internment fees (for opening and closing the grave, replacing the sod, legally required record keeping and related services) can add another $350-$900 in a public cemetery and $600-$3,000 or more in private cemeteries.", "Report Abuse. The cost of a funeral is not based on the age of a child. It is not based on whether the deceased is an adult or a child. If you have ever looked at funeral invoice, you will see there are many hidden charges. The pickup charge, the embalming fees, the cost of a casket, rental of the visitation room or chapel, etc. And then the obituary fee, the death certificate fee, etc.", "1 Infant or baby burial plots are less expensive than those for adults, and rural cemeteries often cost less than urban ones. 2 Prices can increase to $1,000-$2,000 and more in areas where land is at a premium. 1 See How Much Do Burial Vaults Cost. 2 Internment fees (for opening and closing the grave, replacing the sod, legally required record keeping and related services) can add another $350-$900 in a public cemetery and $600-$3,000 or more in private cemeteries.", "The cost of a funeral will depend on what type of service you want, i.e. cremation or standard casket funeral. Cremation of course is less expensive due to not have to pay the … price of a Casket which can run upward of $5000 or more. Total cost of Standard Casket Fueneral $8000 or more. The cost can vary, depending on how elaborate you want the coffin, flowers, etc., to be. But the average cost is around $5,000 - $7,000, meaning some can cost less, and others … cost more. A lot also depends on what part of the country you live in and how elaborate you want to go." ], "url": [ "http://childrensburial.org/first48hours/", "http://personalfinance.costhelper.com/gravesite.html", "http://www.whattoexpect.com/forums/grief-loss/topic/funeral-costs.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_cost_of_a_baby's_funeral", "http://personalfinance.costhelper.com/gravesite.html", "http://personalfinance.costhelper.com/gravesite.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20130603142002AADLkoY", "http://personalfinance.costhelper.com/gravesite.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_cost_of_a_baby's_funeral" ] }

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[ "Between $1500 and $2000.It is based on the location you will choose." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Startup Costs. The type of location and whether a coffee shop is independent or financed are both major determinants of startup costs. A coffee cart can cost $20,000 to $25,000 to start up while a kiosk may cost $25,000 to $75,000. As an example, if milk costs $3 per gallon, or 2.34 cents per ounce, and a drink contains 9 ounces of milk, the milk cost will be 21.1 cents. If the drink contains one double shot of espresso and a $7.50 pound of beans makes 32 double shots, the coffee cost is 23.4 cents. 1.25 ounces of syrup that comes in a $4.50 25.4 ounce bottle costs 22.1 cents. This gives a total food cost of 66.6 cents", "While there is certainly a difference in the cost of the materials, overhead, and labor at these establishments, the price of a cup of coffee is influenced as much by the conversation you share with your barista, the environment of the shop, and the people you expect to meet there. The price of a cup of coffee is influenced by a lot of factors. And one of the factors that influences it least is the material cost of the beans. Even expensive coffee beans tend to be “cheap” (with a few notable exceptions). The factor that influences it most is perhaps the different markets it’s sold in.", "Sit-down locations typically cost between $200,000 and $375,000 to set up, according to the Bellissimo Coffee InfoGroup. Based on information from Entrepreneur, a franchised sit-down shop can cost up to $673,700 to launch. As an example, if milk costs $3 per gallon, or 2.34 cents per ounce, and a drink contains 9 ounces of milk, the milk cost will be 21.1 cents. If the drink contains one double shot of espresso and a $7.50 pound of beans makes 32 double shots, the coffee cost is 23.4 cents. 1.25 ounces of syrup that comes in a $4.50 25.4 ounce bottle costs 22.1 cents. This gives a total food cost of 66.6 cents", "Location. The location of your coffee shop is one of the first aspects you should consider when you plan to open one. As a rule, the total cost of the rental should be approximately 15% of your total sales, but it is important to refer mainly to the first few weeks after you opened the coffee shop. The price range you will find is extremely varied, ranging between $1500 and $2000 in some cases. Based on the location you will choose, this price might be lower or higher – for instance, if you open a coffee shop in the center of the city, you will pay higher values than if you open the coffee shop elsewhere in your area.", "You have the demand but you wonder if your java-related income is all it could be. Any business from cafe to family restaurant can look at that cup of coffee and determine a price based on one of several strategies. However, if you have a new line of breakfast sandwiches, for example, you may include a cup of coffee at a low price to encourage purchase of the higher-margin sandwich. A car repair shop may offer coffee at low or no cost to encourage customers to choose them over a competitor.", "Loss Leader Pricing. Charging less than cost on a cup of coffee is a recipe for disaster if coffee is your main product. However, if you have a new line of breakfast sandwiches, for example, you may include a cup of coffee at a low price to encourage purchase of the higher-margin sandwich. A car repair shop may offer coffee at low or no cost to encourage customers to choose them over a competitor.", "However, if your budget does not allow you to make such a high investment, you can opt either for lower quality or second-hand machines, which will sum up to $7.000 – about a half of that price. Utilities. Your coffee shop needs, of course, running water, lightening, electricity and other similar utilities. Based on the location you will choose, this price might be lower or higher – for instance, if you open a coffee shop in the center of the city, you will pay higher values than if you open the coffee shop elsewhere in your area.", "cafe Coffee Shop Start Up Cost Estimate 2 of 5 Copyright © 2011 by MindfulDesignConsulting Start-up Summary A Cafe’café s-start up expenses total is99,231, 99231 or102,821 102821 including first month labor. Cost a big portion of these, funds roughly31,781, 31781 will be used for cooking. equipment ", "4. The average size of a coffee cup is 9 ounces and coffee drinkers average about 3 cups of coffee per day. The average price for a cup of brewed coffee is $1.38. The average price for an espresso-based drink is $2.45. 5. While Brazil leads the way in coffee production – the South American country produces an estimated 30 percent of the world’s coffee, Nordic countries lead the way in consumption per capita" ], "url": [ "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/coffee-shop-cost-analysis-76311.html", "http://taragentile.com/coffee-pricing/", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/coffee-shop-cost-analysis-76311.html", "http://ehowmuchdoesitcost.org/cost-to-open-a-coffee-shop/", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/cup-coffee-pricing-strategies-48911.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/cup-coffee-pricing-strategies-48911.html", "http://ehowmuchdoesitcost.org/cost-to-open-a-coffee-shop/", "http://mindfuldesignconsulting.com/cafe-design/Coffee-Shop-Start-Up-Free-Estimate.pdf", "http://www.franchisedirect.com/coffeefranchises/74" ] }

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[ "$79,155" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The annual salary for someone with the job title Commodity Manager may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education. Our team of Certified Compensation Professionals has analyzed survey data collected from thousands of HR departments at companies of all sizes and industries to present this range of annual salaries for people with the job title Commodity Manager in the United States.", "Education Preparation for Commodity Manager Jobs. The qualifications for a commodity manager job will vary, according to the type and size of a company. As a general rule, most commodity managers will have a college degree and work experience. 1 Master’s Degree: Certain commodity manager positions may require advanced degrees, such as a Master of Science in Supply Chain Management or a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA).", "Average Commodity Manager Salaries. The average salary for commodity manager jobs is $56,000. Average commodity manager salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. This salary was calculated using the average salary for all jobs with the term commodity manager anywhere in the job listing. The commodity manager salary comparisons feature allows job seekers to get the information required to make important career decisions and negotiate salary ranges.", "Average Commodity Manager salaries for job postings nationwide are 51% higher than average salaries for all job postings nationwide. ", "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Commodity Manager in the United States is $91,730 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Commodity Manager in the United States are expected to make less than $91,730. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. Median $91,730. Our team of Certified Compensation Professionals has analyzed survey data collected from thousands of HR departments at companies of all sizes and industries to present this range of annual salaries for people with the job title Commodity Manager in the United States.", "Commodity Manager Salary. Commodity Manager average salary is $79,155, median salary is $76,139 with a salary range from $32,510 to $145,000. Commodity Manager salaries are collected from government agencies and companies. Each salary is associated with a real job position. Commodity Manager salary statistics is not exclusive and is for reference only. They are presented as is and updated regularly", "Commodity Manager Job Description The following is a full job description for Commodity Manager. Here are the requirements and responsibilities for Commodity Manager along with statistics. Develops, implements, and maintains a commodity inventory strategy that supports a company's supply chain. Evaluates market conditions in order to maintain inventory levels and control costs. Evaluates and recommends vendors.", "Potential Salary for Commodity Manager Jobs. According to a 2010 national survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Labor, the median annual salary for commodity managers was $95,070. 1 Master’s Degree: Certain commodity manager positions may require advanced degrees, such as a Master of Science in Supply Chain Management or a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA).", "Additionally, they communicate extensively withoutside suppliers. A commodity manager usually reports directly to the chief financial officer (CFO) of an organization. Commodity manager jobs require a bachelor's degree in a related field and a minimum of five years' experience in the related field. Excellent organizational and multitasking skills are also required. They must have basic computer skills and may be required to sit for long periods of time. The commodity manager is also responsible for establishing approval guidelines for all purchase orders and makes sure that all purchasing procedures are followed. They also provide analysis on corporate suppliers and delegate tasks to subordinates as needed." ], "url": [ "http://www1.salary.com/Commodity-Manager-salary.html", "http://www.floridatechonline.com/resources/supply-chain-management/commodity-manager-career-guide/", "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-commodity-manager-jobs.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/Commodity-Manager.html", "http://www1.salary.com/Commodity-Manager-salary.html", "http://www.salarylist.com/jobs/Commodity-Manager-Salary.htm", "http://swz.salary.com/SalaryWizard/Commodity-Manager-Job-Description.aspx", "http://www.floridatechonline.com/resources/supply-chain-management/commodity-manager-career-guide/", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Commodity_Manager/Salary" ] }

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[ "1 Phase Failure (loss) - The relay monitors for voltage with the incorrect phase sequence, or one or more phases open. 2 Failure may occur because of a blown fuse, a mechanical failure of the switching equipment, or if one of the power lines opens. 3 Phase failure involves three phases where there are three wires.rotective relays and monitoring relays detect or monitor for abnormal power system conditions." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Relays are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. Relays control one electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in another circuit. As relay diagrams show, when a relay contact is normally open (NO), there is an open contact when the relay is not energized. Because solid state relays do not have to either energize a coil or open contacts, less voltage is required to turn Solid State Relays on or off. Similarly, Solid State Relays turn on and turn off faster because there are no physical parts to move.", "A phase failure relay monitors the incoming three phase service lines. If the lines become reversed or loss of one phase causing single phasing, the relay's internal contacts change status. In control panels the control voltage usually is connected through the phase failure relay's auxiliary contacts. If any line anomalies occur the control voltage is cut off and the panel becomes inoperable. The reason for using a relay, is so that you can power a load that requires a lot of current, without having to run heavy cable all the way to the switch and back. Also, for safety, so you don't have to throw the switch on a potentially lethal amount of current.", "Phase Failure Relays Type MPS and MPD Class 8430 – Wiring Diagrams 5 6/2004 © 1998–2004 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved 8430 MPS and MPD relays will reset automatically when the phase abnormality is corrected. Voltage sensing devices can only detect abnormal conditions on the line side of where the relay is connected.However, a voltage sensing relay has an important advantage in that it can detect an abnormal condition independent of the motor’s running status.", "How relays work. Here are two simple animations illustrating how relays use one circuit to switch on a second circuit. When power flows through the first circuit (1), it activates the electromagnet (brown), generating a magnetic field (blue) that attracts a contact (red) and activates the second circuit (2). Other relays are normally closed (NC; the contacts are connected so a current flows through them by default) and switch off only when the magnet is activated, pulling or pushing the contacts apart. Normally open relays are the most common. Here's another animation showing how a relay links two circuits together.", "1 Phase Failure (loss) - The relay monitors for voltage with the incorrect phase sequence, or one or more phases open. 2 Failure may occur because of a blown fuse, a mechanical failure of the switching equipment, or if one of the power lines opens. 3 Phase failure involves three phases where there are three wires. Protective relays and monitoring relays detect or monitor for abnormal power system conditions. Protective relays detect defective lines, defective apparatuses, or other power system conditions of an abnormal or dangerous nature.", "3 Phase Monitoring Relays or Protective Relays, protect motors and equipment from expensive damage due to voltage faults on three-phase systems. Refer to the table below for more information on the level of protection offered by each product, then click one of the Series to see details about a specific product type. ", "A relay takes a high current circuit and uses low current to turn the high current on and off. Its basically a high current switch. There are coils that are designed to handle the high currents constantly. A switch could do the job of turning circuits on and off but has a drastic higher failure rate. The reason for using a relay, is so that you can power a load that requires a lot of current, without having to run heavy cable all the way to the switch and back. Also, for safety, so you don't have to throw the switch on a potentially lethal amount of current.", "Monitoring relay functions include fault detection, voltage checking, and direction-sensing that confirms power system conditions, but does not directly sense the fault or problem. Both protective relays and monitoring relays may be sensitive to voltages, power or phase, current, or frequency. How Does a Relay Work. Protective relays and monitoring relays detect or monitor for abnormal power system conditions. Protective relays detect defective lines, defective apparatuses, or other power system conditions of an abnormal or dangerous nature.", "Phase monitor relays provide protection against premature equipment failure caused by voltage faults on 3-Phase sys-tems. All Prosense phase monitor relays are designed to be compatible with typical Wye or Delta systems. Phase monitor relays protect against single phasing regardless of any regen-erative voltages. In Wye systems, a connection to a neutral is not re-quired.The relay is energized and the LEDon when the sequence is correct. Any fault will de-energize the relay and turn off the LED. Re-energization is automatic upon correction of the fault condition." ], "url": [ "http://www.galco.com/comp/prod/relay.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_work_of_phase_failure_relay", "http://stevenengineering.com/Tech_Support/PDFs/45RPHS.pdf", "http://www.explainthatstuff.com/howrelayswork.html", "http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/electrical_electronic_components/relays_timers/protective_monitoring_relays", "http://www.macromatic.com/products-main/three-phase-monitor-relays", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_work_of_phase_failure_relay", "http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/electrical_electronic_components/relays_timers/protective_monitoring_relays", "http://www.automationdirect.com/static/specs/prosensephasemonitor.pdf" ] }

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[ "Meander, in general, is a bend in a sinuous watercourse or river." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Can be used during a module on rivers. Students should make an annotated diagram of a meander bend. They should label a river cliff, a slip off slope, the fastest flow and the slowest flow. They should then be able to explain how helicoidal flow assists in the development of a meander bend. Finally, they should note down the theory of riffles. ", "A meander, in general, is a bend in a sinuous watercourse or river. A meander forms when moving water in a stream erodes the outer banks and widens its valley, and the inner part of the river has less energy and deposits silt. A stream of any volume may assume a meandering course, alternately eroding sediments from the outside of a bend and depositing them on the inside. The result is a snaking pattern as the stream meanders back and forth across its down-valley axis. When a meander gets cut off from the main stream, an oxbow lake forms. Over time meanders migrate downstream, sometimes in such a short time as to create civil engineering problems for local municipalities attempting to maintain stable roads and bridges", "Meandering rivers erode sediment from the outer curve of each meander bend and deposit it on an inner curve further down stream. This causes individual meanders to grow larger and larger over time. Meandering river channels are asymmetrical. The deepest part of the channel is on the outside of each bend. The water flows faster in these deeper sections and erodes material from the river bank. ", "1 The formation of meanders is due to both deposition and erosion and meanders gradually migrate downstream. 2 The force of the water erodes and undercuts the river bank on the outside of the bend where water flow has most energy due to decreased friction. In the middle course the river has more energy and a high volume of water. The gradient here is gentle and lateral (sideways) erosion has widened the river channel. The river channel has also deepened.", "Meanders. Meanders occur in the middle valley and are the result of erosion AND deposition processes on a river. In this section of the valley the river erodes laterally and migrates across the valley floor over time, widening the valley. Flood plains, Levees and Yazoo streams. Rivers flood on a regular basis. The area over which they flood is known as the floodplain and this often coincides with regions where meanders form. When rivers flood in the middle valley the cover an area of land known as the flood plain. When they flood velocity is slowed and deposition of any rocks being transported is encouraged", "A meander is a winding curve or bend in a river. Meanders are the result of both erosional and depositional processes. They are typical of the middle and lower course of a river. This is because vertical erosion is replaced by a sideways form of erosion called LATERAL erosion, plus deposition within the floodplain. The image below shows a series of meanders. Meanders are perpetuated through a process called helicoidal flow. As the surface flow of water hits the outer bank it corkscrews, flows along the river bed then deposits eroded material on the inner bank.", "1. often meanders A bend, turn, or winding, as of a stream or path. 2. A portion, side trip, or episode in a longer journey. 3. A passage on a subtopic or digression in a longer piece of discourse. 4. An ornamental pattern of winding or intertwining lines, used in art and architecture. 1. meander-a bend or curve, as in a stream or river. oxbow-a U-shaped curve in a stream. stream, watercourse-a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth.", "Meanders. A meander on the River Cuckmere. In the middle course the river has more energy and a high volume of water. The gradient here is gentle and lateral (sideways) erosion has widened the river channel. The river channel has also deepened." ], "url": [ "http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/clips/zy7ygk7", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meander", "http://www.onegeology.org/extra/kids/earthProcesses/meanderingRivers.html", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/water_rivers/river_landforms_rev2.shtml", "http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/GCSE/AQA/Water%20on%20the%20Land/Meanders/Landforms%20Meanders.htm", "http://www.alevelgeography.com/meanders/", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Meander+(geography)", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/water_rivers/river_landforms_rev2.shtml" ] }

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[ "A pure substance is a sample of matter with both definite and constant composition with distinct chemical properties." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "substance-a particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties; shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man. matter-that which has mass and occupies space; physicists study both the nature of matter and the forces which govern it.", "Definition: A pure substance is a sample of matter with both definite and constant composition with distinct chemical properties.", "A substance is matter which has a specific composition and specific properties. Every pure element is a substance. Every pure compound is a substance. Examples of substances: Iron is an element and hence is also a substance. Methane is a compound", "1. that of which a thing consists; physical matter or material: form and substance. 2. a kind of matter of definite chemical composition: a metallic substance. 3. the actual matter of a thing, as opposed to the appearance or shadow; reality. 4. substantial or solid character or quality: claims lacking in", "1 A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the substance, use the substance, or recover from its effects. 2 Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use the substance. 3 Recurrent use of the substance resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home.", "Substance abuse: The excessive use of a substance, especially alcohol or a drug. (There is no universally accepted definition of substance abuse.). A definition of substance abuse that is frequently cited is that in DSM-IV, the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) issued by the American Psychiatric Association. The DSM-IV definition is as follows:", "Definition of SUBSTANCE ABUSE. : excessive use of a drug (such as alcohol, narcotics, or cocaine) : use of a drug without medical justification. ADVERTISEMENT. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis." ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/substance", "http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryglossary/g/Pure-Substance-Definition.htm", "http://www.chemicool.com/definition/substance.html", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/substance", "https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/media-guide/science-drug-abuse-addiction-basics", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24405", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/substance%20abuse" ] }

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[ "Malaria, dengue, plague,bird flu, cholera and Ebola." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Climate warming is allowing disease-causing bacteria, viruses and fungi to move into new areas where they may harm species as diverse as lions and snails, butterflies and humans, a study suggests. Malaria and yellow fever may become more common as milder winters permit the seasonal survival of more mosquitoes, which carry these diseases. A warmer climate also could enable them to move into areas where the cold once kept them out.", "©WILLIAM KARESH. Bird flu, cholera, Ebola, plague and tuberculosis are just a few of the diseases likely to spread and get worse as a result of climate change, according to a report released yesterday by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). Ebola: This virus is lethal to humans and other primates, and has no cure. In addition, it is unclear where the disease, which causes fever, vomiting and internal or external bleeding, comes from—though scientists suspect fruit bats.", "Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke and Climate Change. Cardiovascular disease refers to a class of diseases that pertain to the heart of blood vessels, and is the leading cause of death in the United States. Stroke is the third leading cause. ", "The effect of global warming depends on the complex interaction between the human host population and the causative infectious agent. From the human standpoint, changes in the environment may trigger human migration, causing disease patterns to shift. Crop failures and famine may reduce host resistance to infections. Importantly, significant economic and political stresses may damage the existing public health infrastructure, leaving mankind poorly prepared for unexpected epidemics. Global warming will certainly affect the abundance and distribution of disease vectors.", "There is a strong link between the warming climate and diseases of corals.. Germs that attack oysters also are thriving in the warming waters. Ostfeld said oyster beds as far north as Maine are now being affected by pathogens once barred by a colder sea. Malaria and yellow fever may become more common as milder winters permit the seasonal survival of more mosquitoes, which carry these diseases. A warmer climate also could enable them to move into areas where the cold once kept them out.", "Climate changes already are thought to have contributed to an epidemic of avian malaria that wiped out thousands of birds in Hawaii, the spread of an insect-borne pathogen that causes distemper in African lions, and the bleaching of coral reefs attacked by diseases that thrive in warming seas. Malaria and yellow fever may become more common as milder winters permit the seasonal survival of more mosquitoes, which carry these diseases. A warmer climate also could enable them to move into areas where the cold once kept them out.", "Lyme disease: This bacterium-caused disease will spread as climate changes extend the ranges of the ticks that carry it. Plague: Changes in temperature and rainfall will affect rodent populations globally as well as the infected fleas they carry. Ebola: This virus is lethal to humans and other primates, and has no cure. In addition, it is unclear where the disease, which causes fever, vomiting and internal or external bleeding, comes from—though scientists suspect fruit bats.", "So this contributes to global warming, b … ut does not cause it. Global warming is caused by deforestation, and by our burning of fossil fuels in industry, transport and the generation of electricity, which releases carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. No-they actually counter the effects of global warming by soaking up carbon dioxide, however when these same plants (Particularly trees) are cut down and burnt the soaked up … carbons dioxides are released into the atmosphere, this is the indirect relation that plants have on global warming.", "This burning releases carbon dioxide, a powerful greenhouse gas, which is causing an enhanced greenhouse effect. Global Warming is also caused by deforestation, cutting down forests which used to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. No-they actually counter the effects of global warming by soaking up carbon dioxide, however when these same plants (Particularly trees) are cut down and burnt the soaked up … carbons dioxides are released into the atmosphere, this is the indirect relation that plants have on global warming.", "Malaria, dengue, plague, and viruses causing encephalitic syndromes are among the many vector-borne diseases likely to be affected. Some models suggest that vector-borne diseases will become more common as the earth warms, although caution is needed in interpreting these predictions. Clearly, global warming will cause changes in the epidemiology of infectious diseases. Importantly, significant economic and political stresses may damage the existing public health infrastructure, leaving mankind poorly prepared for unexpected epidemics. Global warming will certainly affect the abundance and distribution of disease vectors." ], "url": [ "http://www.cbsnews.com/news/global-warming-may-spread-diseases/", "http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/twelve-diseases-climate-change-may-make-worse/", "http://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/programs/geh/climatechange/health_impacts/cardiovascular_diseases/index.cfm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16216650", "http://www.cbsnews.com/news/global-warming-may-spread-diseases/", "http://www.cbsnews.com/news/global-warming-may-spread-diseases/", "http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/twelve-diseases-climate-change-may-make-worse/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_diseases_are_caused_by_global_warming", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_diseases_are_caused_by_global_warming", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16216650" ] }

[]

[ "Little People." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cabbage Patch Kids is a line of copyrighted soft sculpture dolls created by 21-year-old American art student Xavier Roberts in 1978. They were originally called Little People and were adopted rather than sold. Each came with its own adoption paper and birth certificate.", "The first dolls were born at Babyland General, a hospital (clinic) that was re-fashioned to produce the toy dolls. Babyland General is still located to this day in Cleveland, Georgia. Cabbage Patch Kids weren't even originally called Cabbage Patch Kids-they were first called Little People. They were all cloth dolls and sold at craft shows-an inauspicious start for what would become a certified craze.", "The Cabbage Patch Kids were originally called Little People and were completely handmade, unlike the Cabbage Patch Kids we know today, … which are mass produced with vinyl heads. Although Xavier Roberts, the creator of this iconic brand, may have dabbled in soft sculpture in 1975, these are his own private creations.", "Originally manufactured from 1982 through 1989 by Coleco, they were made with round vinyl (originally hard plastic) heads and cloth bodies. After Coleco filed for bankruptcy, the Cabbage Patch Kids were manufactured by Hasbro, Mattel, Toys R Us, and currently Play Along.", "Cabbage Patch Dolls, commonly known as Cabbage Patch Kids, have been around since 1978. They were originally called Little People, and the dolls’ CEO and creator, Xavier Roberts, sold them in trade shows and eventually sold the dolls to Babyland General Hospital in Georgia.", "3. Xavier Roberts, the creator of Cabbage Patch kids originally called them Little People. The Little people are somewhat different from the toys sold in the stores.", "Xavier Roberts designed his Little People dolls in 1978. They were renamed the Cabbage Patch Kids in 1982 and sold by Coleco. They were the hottest toys of Christmas 1983. Cabbage Patch Kids are now made by Mattel. Each doll comes with a birth certificate and has its own first and middle names." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabbage_Patch_Kids", "http://wharble.com/Cabbage_Patch_Kids.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_was_the_first_Cabbage_Patch_Kid_made", "http://www.ebay.com/gds/Cabbage-Patch-Dolls-Buying-Guide-/10000000177627382/g.html", "http://www.ebay.com/gds/Cabbage-Patch-Dolls-Buying-Guide-/10000000177627382/g.html", "http://www.funtrivia.com/playquiz/quiz21668118cf640.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/FAQ/11826" ] }

[]

[]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "2. Beginning with the budget requests for fiscal year 1991, the commissioner of education shall present to the appropriate committees of the general assembly information on the average Missouri teacher's salary, regional average salary data, and national average salary data. Beginning in the school year 1996-97 until school year 2006-07, for any full-time teacher with a master's degree and at least ten years' teaching experience in a public school or combination of public schools, the minimum salary shall be twenty-four thousand dollars.", "1 Missouri teachers have an average salary of $45,321. 2 The growth in salaries after 10 years is 28.6%. 3 Missouri Teachers get about 15 weeks of vacation every year. 4 It takes a Missouri Teacher 5 years to be eligible for their tenure. ", "The annual salary for someone with the job title Teacher Elementary School may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education. For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Teacher Elementary School in the United States is $54,255, so 50% of the people who perform the job of Teacher Elementary School in the United States are expected to make less than $54,255. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. 1 Salary. 2 Salary + Bonus", "As a teacher in Missouri though, you’ll gain access to a system of employee benefits that guarantee a lifetime of support. With the benefits offered to Missouri teachers, you’ll be better prepared for your future retirement, while accessing the health care you need in the present. Learn more about becoming a teacher. Contact schools offering teacher education/certification programs in Missouri. If you’re an entry-level teacher just starting the job hunt, chances are the thought has barely crossed your mind. However, it’s never too early to consider your future plans. During retirement, it’s estimated that you would need to replace between 70% and 90% of your income to maintain your standard of living.", "Average Elementary Teacher salaries for job postings in Missouri are 2% lower than average Elementary Teacher salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "For example, if you retire after 30 years with a final average salary of $44,000, you’ll earn a monthly pension benefit of $2,750. If you’re interested in learning more about the Missouri teacher pension system and the benefits you’ll receive upon retirement, contact the Public School Retirement System of Missouri. If you’re an entry-level teacher just starting the job hunt, chances are the thought has barely crossed your mind. However, it’s never too early to consider your future plans. During retirement, it’s estimated that you would need to replace between 70% and 90% of your income to maintain your standard of living.", "Research Salaries in Missouri. Prospective teachers interested in becoming a teacher in Missouri will want to know what type of salary they can expect to earn in the state’s public school system. According to the Missouri National Education Association, the average salary for a Missouri certified teacher during the 2010-2011 school year was $45,321. This average showed a small increase over the previous school year, ranking Missouri as 46th in the country in terms of teacher salary. The type of teaching position will also impact the salary earned once a teacher has acquired teaching certification in Missouri. The chart below indicates average annual salaries for a variety of teaching positions in Missouri as compared to the national averages.", "(United States). An Elementary School Teacher earns an average salary of $41,562 per year. Skills that are associated with high pay for this job are Oral / Verbal Communication, Bilingual, Reading, and Special Education. Experience has a moderate effect on income for this job. $29,682 - $64,807. ", "Within Missouri there is a lot of variation in Teacher Elementary School salaries. These variations depend on on a wide range of factors from population to general competitiveness in the market. Requires a bachelor's degree and 2-4 years of experience in the field or in a related area. Some states require that teachers be certified. Familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures within a particular field. Relies on limited experience and judgment to plan and accomplish goals." ], "url": [ "http://www.moga.mo.gov/mostatutes/stathtml/16300001721.html", "http://www.teacherportal.com/become/missouri-state-teachers", "http://www1.salary.com/Teacher-Elementary-School-salary.html", "http://www.teaching-certification.com/salaries-benefits/missouri-teaching-salaries-and-benefits.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Elementary-Teacher-l-Missouri.html", "http://www.teaching-certification.com/salaries-benefits/missouri-teaching-salaries-and-benefits.html", "http://www.teachingdegree.org/missouri/salary/", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Elementary_School_Teacher/Salary", "http://www1.salary.com/MO/Teacher-Elementary-School-salary.html" ] }

[]

[ "1918" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "On April 1, 1918, the RAF was formed along with a female branch of the service, the Women’s Royal Air Force. That day, Bristol F.2B fighters of the 22nd Squadron carried out the first official missions of the RAF. ", "John joined the RAF in 1955 and joined the MOD Fire Service at Shawbury in 1961. John went on to serve at Kemble, Lossiemouth, Manston, HQSTC High Wycombe, HQ MOD FS London, HQ Support Command Brampton and finished his career at HQSTC High Wycombe as the Command Fire Officer before retiring in 2000. The funeral for ex RAF Fire Service Cpl Pete Bolland will take place on Friday the 16 September at Mansfield Crematorium at 15.15 hrs. No flowers has been requested by the family. Pete passed away in the early hours of Saturday the 3rd.", "Fire Section. On the 1st April 1918, the Royal Air Force was officially formed. In those early years there were a number of fires that proved very costly for the RAF, with the loss of many aircraft in storage. ", "The history of the Royal Air Force, the air force of the United Kingdom, spans nearly a century of British military aviation. The RAF was founded in 1918, toward the end of World War I by merging the Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Naval Air Service. After the war, the RAF was greatly reduced in size and during the inter-war years it was used to police the British Empire. The newly created RAF was the most powerful air force in the world on its creation, with over 20,000 aircraft and over 300,000 personnel (including the Women's Royal Air Force). The squadrons of the RFC kept their numerals while those of the RNAS were renumbered from 201 onwards.", "XL426 in the RAF. XL426 is a B2 Vulcan and was the 44th of the 88 Vulcan B2s built. In common with all other Vulcans, she was constructed by A V Roe & Co. at its Chadderton, and Woodford plants, and made her first flight, lasting 95 minutes, from Woodford on August 23rd, 1962. In April 1964, the centralised servicing was introduced at RAF Scampton, meaning aircraft were no longer assigned to individual units, but instead were ‘pooled’ and assigned to squadrons on a day-by-day basis.", "The RAF was founded in April 1918. It has always been known as the 'junior service' because it was the last to be formed of the three services. The RAF fought in every major theatre of the Second World War. During the Second World War, the RAF reached a total strength of 1,208,000 men and women, of whom 185,000 were aircrew. About 70,000 RAF personnel were killed. The fact files in this timeline were commissioned by the BBC in June 2003 and September 2005. Find out more about the authors who wrote them.", "It is with deep regret that Julia Brooks has informed me of the passing of her father, Allen Brooks on 25/07/15. Allen served for many years before leaving the service in 1979 as a Sgt stationed at RAF Newton. The funeral for ex RAF Fire Service Cpl Pete Bolland will take place on Friday the 16 September at Mansfield Crematorium at 15.15 hrs. No flowers has been requested by the family. Pete passed away in the early hours of Saturday the 3rd.", "The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force. Formed toward the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world. Following victory over the Central Powers in 1918 the RAF emerged as, at the time, the largest air force in the world. These include the Royal Air Force Leadership Centre and the Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies, both based at RAF Cranwell, and the Air Warfare Centre, based at RAF Waddington and RAF Cranwell.", "It was founded on 1 April 1918, with headquarters located in the former Hotel Cecil, during the First World War, by the amalgamation of the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS). At that time it was the largest air force in the world. These include the Royal Air Force Leadership Centre and the Royal Air Force Centre for Air Power Studies, both based at RAF Cranwell, and the Air Warfare Centre, based at RAF Waddington and RAF Cranwell." ], "url": [ "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/raf-founded", "http://www.rafanddfsa.co.uk/Obituaries.htm", "http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafhonington/aboutus/fire_section.cfm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Royal_Air_Force", "http://www.avrovulcan.com/?q=xl426_raf", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a6649248.shtml", "http://www.rafanddfsa.co.uk/Obituaries.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Air_Force", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" ] }

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[ "Myrrh oil prevents the signs of aging and soothes cracked or chapped skin." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Myrrh Oil is steam distilled directly from myrrh resin. Myrrh Essential Oil smells more pleasant than the resin, but I still find the aroma of the oil to be a bit harsh on its own. The aroma of Frankincense Oil helps to round out and freshen the aroma Myrrh Essential Oil. The aroma is woody, earthy and a bit balsmic.", "The benefits of Myrrh include the spiritual and emotional as well. Myrrh is very spiritual oil and has been used in religious ceremonies and rituals for over 5000 years ! Myrrh releases fears, difficult experiences as it relates to us or the world. It asks us to be more accepting, trusting and non-judgmental of ourselves. And many varieties of the resin which essential oil is made from. The myrrha species from Somalia has wonderful transformational properties and it is the one that I am most familiar with. Much of the myrrh like frankincense, Melaleuca and Eucalyptus species is being adulterated (changed) or synthetically made.", "Commiphora mukul, a related species, is not a source of myrrh. Myrrh is used to make medicine. Myrrh is used for indigestion, ulcers, colds, cough, asthma, lung congestion, arthritis pain, cancer, leprosy, spasms, and syphilis. It is also used as a stimulant and to increase menstrual flow. Myrrh seems safe for most people when used in small amounts. It can cause some side effects such as skin rash if applied directly to the skin, and diarrhea if taken by mouth. Large doses may be UNSAFE. Amounts greater than 2-4 grams can cause kidney irritation and heart rate changes.", "Myrrh is a common resin in the Horn of Africa. An essential oil extracted from myrrh (Commiphora myrrha). Myrrh /ˈmɜr/ from the Hebrew 'מור' (mor) and Arabic مر (mur) is the aromatic resin of a number of small, thorny tree species of the genus Commiphora, which is an essential oil termed an oleoresin. Myrrh resin is a natural gum. The oleo gum resins of a number of other Commiphora species are also used as perfumes, medicines (such as aromatic wound dressings), and incense ingredients. These myrrh-like resins are known as opopanax, balsam, bdellium, guggul and bisabol.", "Astringent: Myrrh Essential Oil is an astringent, meaning that it strengthens the hold of gums on teeth, contracts the skin, muscles, intestines and other internal organs. It also strengthens the grip of scalp on hair roots, thereby preventing hair loss. Antifungal: Myrrh essential oil acts as a fungicide as well. It can be used either internally and externally to fight fungal infection. Stimulant: Myrrh essential oil stimulates thoughts, blood circulation, digestion, secretions, nervous activity and excretion.", "1 In a blended massage oil or diluted in the bath, myrrh oil is great for bronchitis, catarrh, colds, coughs and infections, as well as the variety of female problems listed above. 2 It also has a wonderful effect on the skin. Myrrh oil is of great benefit to the respiratory tract, the digestive system, for gum and mouth disorders, in skin care, as well as urino-genital and gynecological problems. 1 Burners and vaporizers. 2 In vapor therapy, myrrh oil can be useful with bronchitis, catarrh, colds and coughs.", "The health benefits of Myrrh Essential Oil can be attributed to its properties as an antimicrobial, astringent, expectorant, antifungal, stimulant, carminative, stomachic, anticatarrhal, diaphoretic, vulnerary, antiseptic, immune booster, circulatory, tonic, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic. Antifungal: Myrrh essential oil acts as a fungicide as well. It can be used either internally and externally to fight fungal infection. Stimulant: Myrrh essential oil stimulates thoughts, blood circulation, digestion, secretions, nervous activity and excretion.", "Myrrh oil is also a valuable aromatherapy oil that can be used for massages, mixed in bathwater, or simply applied on the skin. You can also: 1 Use it as a mouthwash to help eliminate dental infections. 2 Put it in a cold compress to relieve sores and wounds. Uses of Myrrh Oil. Both myrrh resin and myrrh oil have a long history of medicinal use, valued for their wound-healing properties. Egyptians used myrrh to treat hay fever and heal herpes. Myrrh oil has also been used as incense and a holy oil in religious rituals and ceremonies for over 5,000 years. Maintaining healthy skin is one of myrrh oil's renowned uses, as it prevents the signs of aging and soothes cracked or chapped skin. This is why it's commonly added to many skin care products today", "The essential oil of myrrh is extracted from the resin. Myrrh, in the scientific nomenclature system, is called Commiphora Myrrha and is native to Egypt. While the resin was frequently used in incense and perfumes in ancient Egypt, and the oil obtained from it was used for healings wounds in ancient Greece. Antifungal: Myrrh essential oil acts as a fungicide as well. It can be used either internally and externally to fight fungal infection. Stimulant: Myrrh essential oil stimulates thoughts, blood circulation, digestion, secretions, nervous activity and excretion." ], "url": [ "http://www.aromaweb.com/essential-oils/myrrh-oil.asp", "http://www.experience-essential-oils.com/benefits-of-myrrh.html", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-570-MYRRH.aspx?activeIngredientId=570&activeIngredientName=MYRRH", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrrh", "https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/health-benefits-of-myrrh-essential-oil.html", "http://www.essentialoils.co.za/essential-oils/myrrh.htm", "https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/health-benefits-of-myrrh-essential-oil.html", "http://articles.mercola.com/herbal-oils/myrrh-oil.aspx", "https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/essential-oils/health-benefits-of-myrrh-essential-oil.html" ] }

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[ "It can be found throughout the United States except for the Rocky Mountain region, the extreme desert southwest, and most of the state of Florida." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Rosa multiflora, commonly known by its synonym Rosa polyantha and as multiflora rose, baby rose, Japanese rose, many-flowered rose, seven-sisters rose, Eijitsu rose, is a species of rose native to eastern Asia, in China, Japan and Korea. It should not be confused with Rosa rugosa, which is also known as Japanese rose, or with polyantha roses which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of R. multiflora. It is a scrambling shrub climbing over other plants to a height of 3–5 m, with stout stems with recurved prickles (sometimes absent).", "Introduction. Multiflora rose, also known as rambler rose and baby rose, is native to eastern China, Japan and Korea. It was introduced to the U.S. from Japan in 1866, as rootstock for grafted ornamental rose cultivars.", "Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora, C.P. Thunberg), is a noxious, non-native shrub found throughout Pennsylvania. Multiflora rose is now considered a invasive weed because of its aggressive growth habit. This rose forms impenetrable thickets that exclude native plant species. Multiflora rose is a thorny perennial shrub with arching stems or canes. This shrub grows six to ten feet tall and can occasionally reach fifteen feet in height. The leaves are pinnately compound. Typically, they have seven leaflets per leaf, but can have between five and eleven leaflets.", "Multiflora rose can be found throughout the United States except for the Rocky Mountain region, the extreme desert southwest, and most of the state of Florida. It grows rapidly in fields, pastures, roadsides, and sun-lit edges and spaces of a forest. Appearance, Pollination, Fruits and Seeds. Multiflora rose is a perennial plant that grows in long (up to 15 feet), arching, thorny stems that are called “canes.” It has compound leaves that usually are divided into 7 to 9 serratedly edged leaflets. The leaves arise alternately on the long canes.", "Common Name: Multiflora Rose. (Information for this species page was gathered in part by Ms. Lisa Galbraith as part of an assignment in Biology 220W, Spring 2005). Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) is an introduced plant species that is native to Japan, Korea, and Eastern China. It was first brought to the United States in the 1860’s for use as root stock for ornamental roses. Appearance, Pollination, Fruits and Seeds. Multiflora rose is a perennial plant that grows in long (up to 15 feet), arching, thorny stems that are called “canes.” It has compound leaves that usually are divided into 7 to 9 serratedly edged leaflets. The leaves arise alternately on the long canes.", "Rosa multiflora is grown as an ornamental plant, and also used as a rootstock for grafted ornamental rose cultivars. It should not be confused with Rosa rugosa, which is also known as Japanese rose, or with polyantha roses which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of R. multiflora. It is a scrambling shrub climbing over other plants to a height of 3–5 m, with stout stems with recurved prickles (sometimes absent).", "Invasive Plants in Pennsylvania Multiflora Rose Rosa multiflora Description: Multiflora rose is a dense, thorny shrub, reaching up to 15 feet in height, with arching canes (stems) that are capable of rambling up trees. Its leaves are pinnately compound, divided into seven to nine leaflets, and finely serrate. Habitat: This invasive shrub has a wide tolerance for various soil, moisture and light conditions. It can be found in dense woods, along stream banks and roadsides, and in open fields and prairies. Background: Multiflora rose was introduced into the United States as ornamental rootstock from Japan in 1866.", "Multiflora rose is a serious problem in areas of Iowa withextensive pastures and other untilled areas. It is nativeto Japan and was introduced to the United States in1866 as a rootstock for ornamental roses. Beginning inthe 1930s, multiflora rose was widely planted for otherpurposes in many regions of the country. The plant hasbeen promoted as a wildlife cover, fencerow beautifier,and as an aid to soil conservation." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_multiflora", "http://www.nyis.info/index.php?action=invasive_detail&id=33", "http://extension.psu.edu/natural-resources/forests/private/tools-resources/publications/invasive-plants-and-insects/multiflora-rose", "http://www.psu.edu/dept/nkbiology/naturetrail/speciespages/multiflorarose.html", "http://www.psu.edu/dept/nkbiology/naturetrail/speciespages/multiflorarose.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_multiflora", "http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_010245.pdf", "https://store.extension.iastate.edu/Product/pm863-pdf" ] }

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[ "It measures flash illumination with a flash sensor next to the on-camera lens." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Exposure for flash key is normally a straight line affair (unless bouncing the flash). The TTL metering calculates the exposure based on what the light does bouncing off the subject. The light from the flash fires and shuts off, requiring the photographer only to remember to turn on the unit. So TTL has taken all the calculations out of basic flash exposure. This is true for those who only want basic flash photographs. But I assume you bought this book because you want to take your flash photography beyond the basics by using flash as a creative tool.", "Transistor–transistor logic (TTL) is a class of digital circuits built from bipolar junction transistors (BJT) and resistors. It is called transistor–transistor logic because both the logic gating function (e.g., AND) and the amplifying function are performed by transistors (contrast with RTL and DTL).", "TTL means through the lens. Flash metering is through the lens, using the camera's metering system, which looks through the lens you're using. Non-TTL means the flash doesn't communicate with the camera in that way, and instead uses its own light metering system, built into the flash. TTL is better! Ilkka wrote: It is a bit simplistic to just say that 'TTL is better', because all studio flashes are not TTL and are often quite obviously better sources of light than a small flash unit made by the camera manufacturer.. TTL is a flash metering technology for cameras-not camera lighting.", "An obvious but none the less important switch is the Flash Mode Selector. There are four modes of flash operation with the SB-24/25: A, M, Lightning Bolt and TTL. The A makes use of the built-in flash sensor (not to be confused with TTL) for exposure. So TTL has taken all the calculations out of basic flash exposure. This is true for those who only want basic flash photographs. But I assume you bought this book because you want to take your flash photography beyond the basics by using flash as a creative tool.", "The original concept of TTL is sometimes referred to as standard TTL.. Many modern flash units also have the ability to use a setting known as advanced TTL.. In advanced TTL metering, the flash unit fires one or more pre-flashes of either infrared or white light before exposing the film. The advantage of using a through-the-lens flash metering system is that the photographer is not required to perform the calculation of flash output, which eliminates a margin of error.", "Shares & Saves. Save. Through-the-lens metering, also known as TTL, is a method of measuring light for photographic exposure purposes. In TTL metering, the light is measured using an in-camera light meter, eliminating the need to use a separate, hand-held light meter. The advantage of using a through-the-lens flash metering system is that the photographer is not required to perform the calculation of flash output, which eliminates a margin of error.", "A non TTL automatic flash you tell your flash what aperture and ISO you will be using then the flash will compute a flash output based on how much light is available. An adjustable manual flash, you set your flash output manually based on what aperture and iso settings you are using. Ilkka wrote: It is a bit simplistic to just say that 'TTL is better', because all studio flashes are not TTL and are often quite obviously better sources of light than a small flash unit made by the camera manufacturer.. TTL is a flash metering technology for cameras-not camera lighting.", "Nikon first introduced TTL (Through The Lens) flash technology in 1980. The basics of TTL operation is rather simple and applies to all camera systems. With TTL flash exposure, when the shutter is tripped, the light from the flash fires off, racing to hit the subject. So TTL has taken all the calculations out of basic flash exposure. This is true for those who only want basic flash photographs. But I assume you bought this book because you want to take your flash photography beyond the basics by using flash as a creative tool.", "We suggested that the external flash be set to the TTL mode. The TTL (i.e. , T hrough T he L ens) mode means that the camera will measure the output of external flash and stop the flash once illumination is sufficient. This is the easiest mode of using external flashes. However, do keep in mind that the Coolpix 990 is not true TTL cameras in terms of flash control. It measures flash illumination with a flash sensor next to the on-camera lens as shown below. As a result, what this sensor sees is usually not what the lens sees" ], "url": [ "http://www.moosepeterson.com/techtips/flash.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor%E2%80%93transistor_logic", "http://photo.net/photography-lighting-equipment-techniques-forum/00MyDe", "http://www.moosepeterson.com/techtips/flash.html", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5047552_ttl-flash.html", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5047552_ttl-flash.html", "http://photo.net/photography-lighting-equipment-techniques-forum/00MyDe", "http://www.moosepeterson.com/techtips/flash.html", "http://www.cs.mtu.edu/~shene/DigiCam/User-Guide/EXT-FLASH/NIKON/NIKON-use-TTL-990.html" ] }

[]

[ "Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a neuropeptide and an incretin derived from the transcription product of the proglucagon gene." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Once in the circulation, GLP-1 has a half-life of less than 2 minutes, due to rapid degradation by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4. It is a potent antihyperglycemic hormone, inducing glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion while suppressing glucagon secretion. The known peripheral functions of GLP-1 include: 1 increases insulin secretion from the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner. 2 increases insulin-sensitivity in both alpha cells and beta cells. 3 increases beta cells mass and insulin expression, PTM, and", "Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists increase insulin levels when needed, reduce the amount of glucose produced by the liver and reduce the rate of digestion. As a result, people may have less appetite and lose weight. A Intermountain Healthcare answered. A GLP-1 agonist is a type of medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is taken by injection (shot) using a prefilled dosing pen. A GLP-1 agonist works with other diabetes medications -- pills, not insulin -- to help control your blood glucose. GLP-1 agonists include exenatide (Byetta) and liraglutide (Victoza)", "Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) embodies a set of principles that provides a framework within which laboratory studies are planned, performed, monitored, recorded, reported and archived. GLP applies to non-clinical studies conducted for the assessment of the safety or efficacy of chemicals (including pharmaceuticals) to man, animals and the environment.", "Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a neuropeptide and an incretin derived from the transcription product of the proglucagon gene. The known peripheral functions of GLP-1 include: 1 increases insulin secretion from the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner. 2 increases insulin-sensitivity in both alpha cells and beta cells. 3 increases beta cells mass and insulin expression, PTM, and secretion.", "The major source of GLP-1 in the periphery is the intestinal L cell that secretes GLP-1 as a gut hormone; the major source in the brain is the nucleus of the solitary tract, which is the source of a widely distributed set of GLP-1 projection neurons. The known peripheral functions of GLP-1 include: 1 increases insulin secretion from the pancreas in a glucose-dependent manner. 2 increases insulin-sensitivity in both alpha cells and beta cells. 3 increases beta cells mass and insulin expression, PTM, and secretion.", "Glucagon-like peptide 1 is a hormone produced in the gut and released in response to food. It causes reduced appetite and the release of insulin. Alternative names for glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1; incretin; glucagon-like peptide. What is glucagon-like peptide 1? Glucagon-like peptide 1 belongs to a family of hormones called the incretins, so-called because they enhance the secretion of insulin. ", "Abstract. The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a new class of injected drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They mimic the action of GLP-1 and increase the incretin effect in patients with type 2 diabetes, stimulating the release of insulin. ", "GLP-1 Agonist. GLP-1 Diabetes Drug Treatment: GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists) are incretin mimetics which have several benefits for diabetes management. They suppress post-prandial glucagon release, delay stomach emptying, and increase insulin sensitivity. ", "GLP-1 agonist, like Byetta and Bydureon can help treat Type 2 Diabetes. GLP-1 agonists are a group of medications that mimic the actions of glucagon-like peptide or GLP-1. GLP-1 is one of several naturally occurring incretin compounds that affect the body after they are released from the gut during digestion. Because of its name, GLP-1 might seem to act like glucagon that increases glucose production by the liver and raises glucose levels." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/diabetes/glucagon-like-peptide-1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Laboratory_Practice", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1", "http://www.yourhormones.info/hormones/glucagonlike_peptide_.aspx", "http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/751632", "http://www.diabetesincontrol.com/diabetes-therapies/glp-1/", "http://www.diabetesnet.com/about-diabetes/diabetes-medications/incretins/glp-1-agonist" ] }

[]

[ "Tapered" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A radish is a red root vegetable that helps your body stay healthy and strong. It has many nutrients and tastes great in salads. See the produce manager at the grocery store a … nd have him or her show you one. Radishes also have healthy green leaves. Low in calories and high in bulk, radishes have a sharp taste and are usually eaten raw. The shape of the edible portion of the root varies greatly, as does the color (from white through pink to red, purple, and black). Radishes may weigh only a few ounces or, in the case of the Japanese daikon, more than 2 lbs (1 kg).", "Radish may also refer to any member of the genus Raphanus (the radishes). For other uses, see radish (disambiguation) . The radish (Raphanus sativus) is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was domesticated in Europe in pre-Roman times. Radishes are grown and consumed throughout the world, being mostly eaten raw as a crunchy salad vegetable. They have numerous varieties, varying in size, flavor, color and the length of time they take to mature.", "Radish Fun Facts. That the word radish comes from the Latin “radix,” meaning “root,” and the Greek word raphanus , which translates to quickly appearing” may have to do with the fact that radishes are one of the fastest sprouters in the garden when they're planted from seed. Scientists evaluated the chemopreventive effectiveness of radish plants (Raphanus sativus L), including the root, stems, leaves, and extracts, and investigated the molecular mechanism leading to growth, arrest, and induced cell death of human cancer cell lines.", "Tapered radish varieties have deeper roots than round types. While salad radishes develop edible roots, both the green tops and white underground portions of green onions are edible. Different varieties of these vegetables may require deeper soil for the roots to develop properly. Tapered-root radishes may develop edible portions 2 to 18 inches in length, depending on the variety, with extended feeder roots of about 2 inches. The Asian carrot-shaped Daikon is hotter than red globe varieties and milder than black radishes, with root systems averaging 18 inches", "The taproot and feeder roots of a typical 1-inch globe radish extend about 2 inches deeper than the edible radish part. The globe-shaped black radish has a white interior once peeled and stronger flavor than most globe or tapered root varieties, with root systems averaging 8 inches in length. Tapered-root radishes may develop edible portions 2 to 18 inches in length, depending on the variety, with extended feeder roots of about 2 inches. The Asian carrot-shaped Daikon is hotter than red globe varieties and milder than black radishes, with root systems averaging 18 inches", "This type of radish is not harvested, but is allowed to remain in the field. Cover crop radishes may have taproots that can reach over 20 inches deep depending on the variety, with enlarged root portions 3 or 4 inches in diameter. Tapered-root radishes may develop edible portions 2 to 18 inches in length, depending on the variety, with extended feeder roots of about 2 inches. The Asian carrot-shaped Daikon is hotter than red globe varieties and milder than black radishes, with root systems averaging 18 inches", "Botanical name: Raphanus sativus Offering a peppery, satisfying crunch with every bite, radishes have a unique place in the hearts of veggie lovers. A root from the Brassica family and a cousin to cabbage, the many shapes, sizes and colors of different radish varieties is surprising. Scientists evaluated the chemopreventive effectiveness of radish plants (Raphanus sativus L), including the root, stems, leaves, and extracts, and investigated the molecular mechanism leading to growth, arrest, and induced cell death of human cancer cell lines.", "Radish, that common and beloved part of your salad, is a root crop, and it is pungent or sweet in taste with a lot of juice. Radishes can be white, red, purple or black, and in terms of shape, it can be long and cylindrical or round. They are eaten raw, cooked or pickled. ", "After all, it does have “radish” in its name and certain types of radishes do resemble the horseradish root. However, while both horseradish and radishes are part of the Brassicaceae family of vegetables and they are both roots, they are different species. Armoracia rusticana is the scientific name for horseradish while the common radish is known as Raphanus sativus. One thing they do have in common is that both vegetables are usually used just for their roots, when in fact the leaves of both radishes and horseradish are edible. Also, horseradish has a similar appearance to one variety of radish, the Daikon (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus). which is a long, white carrot-shaped radish. Both radishes and horseradish have loads of great health benefits, just like other members in the Brassicaceae group like broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and kale." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_root_does_a_radish_have", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radish", "http://foodfacts.mercola.com/radish.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/deep-root-system-radishes-green-onions-need-102600.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/deep-root-system-radishes-green-onions-need-102600.html", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/deep-root-system-radishes-green-onions-need-102600.html", "http://foodfacts.mercola.com/radish.html", "https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/vegetable/health-benefits-of-radish.html", "http://www.healthdiaries.com/eatthis/is-horseradish-a-radish.html" ] }

[]

[ "$827.10" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Where the members of the couple are separated by illness the Income Test disqualifies both members of the couple from any Age Pension or Disability Support Pension once the combined Income of the couple exceeds $3,278 per fortnight, that is, $85,000 per year. Impact of means testing on Centrelink Disability and Age Pensions for Couples living together. A homeowner couple could have an Income of $276 per fortnight and still be entitled to the full rate of Age Pension provided that their other assets had a total value of $279,000 or less.", "For a single person who shares accommodation, the maximum Pensioner Rent Assistance is $87.67 for a sharer whose rent exceeds $214.96 per fortnight in November 2012. Kim is receiving a Disability Support Pension and is living in a share house supported by a mental health group. The maximum rate of Pensioner Rent Assistance is payable to that single person if her rent is more than $268.73 per fortnight in November 2012. In November 2012, the maximum rate of Pensioner Rent Assistance for a Single person living alone is $121 per fortnight.", "Beneficiaries of the Disability Support Pension receive significantly more than those on unemployment benefits; as of 1 January 2009 the basic rate is A$ 562.10 per fortnight for singles and A$469.50 for each member of a couple. ", "The maximum payment for a Single Pensioner includes the full rate of Pension of $751.70 per fortnight. Pension Supplements totaling $75.40 per fortnight are paid to Single Centrelink clients who receive at least one dollar of Pension per fortnight. Impact of means testing on Centrelink Disability and Age Pensions for Couples living together. A homeowner couple could have an Income of $276 per fortnight and still be entitled to the full rate of Age Pension provided that their other assets had a total value of $279,000 or less.", "A Single homeowner could have an Income of $156 per fortnight and still be entitled to the full rate of Age Pension provided that other assets had a total value under $196,750. But if your Income exceeds $1,657 per fortnight, that is, $43,000 per year, you would not qualify for any Age Pension. Impact of means testing on Centrelink Disability and Age Pensions for Couples living together. A homeowner couple could have an Income of $276 per fortnight and still be entitled to the full rate of Age Pension provided that their other assets had a total value of $279,000 or less.", "The maximum rate of Carer Payment is $827.10 per fortnight for singles (around $21,500 per year) and $1,246.80 (around $32,500 per year) for a couple combined. For singles, $751.70 of this payment represents the maximum base rate with the remaining $75.40 made up of various supplements. There are 563,000 recipients of the Carer Allowance, with an average age of 54 (Department of Social Services, 2013). There is no income or assets test for Carer Allowance. It is paid at a flat rate of $118.20 per fortnight (around $3,000 per year). There is provision for a Health Care Card as well.", "The rate of Newstart Allowance is substantially lower than the current minimum wage of $1,244.40 per fortnight or the rate of pensions, such as the Disability Support Pension which is $827.10 per fortnight (with supplements) for a single person (Fair Work Ombudsman, 2013; Department of Human Services, 2014). Current structure of the programme. To receive Newstart Allowance a person has to be unemployed and aged over 22. As at January 2014, the payment rate of Newstart Allowance was $501.00 per fortnight for single people, or $452.30 each for a couple (", "Impact of means testing on Centrelink Disability and Age Pensions for Couples separated by illness. Any homeowner couple could have an Income of $276 per fortnight and still be entitled to the full rate of Age Pension or Disability Support Pension provided that their other assets had a total value of $279,000 or less. Impact of means testing on Centrelink Disability and Age Pensions for Couples living together. A homeowner couple could have an Income of $276 per fortnight and still be entitled to the full rate of Age Pension provided that their other assets had a total value of $279,000 or less.", "Status Pension rate per fortnight Single $512.10* Couple $427.70* each * Since July 2000, has included a pension supplement. It is currently: single $18.20; couple $15.20 each. ■ Disability Support Pension under 21, no children (includes Youth Disability Supplement). ■ Youth Disability Supplement of $94.70 per fortnight is payable to DSP customers aged under 21 and is included in the above rates. ■ Rate payable to those aged under 21 cannot exceed rate payable to those aged over 21. ■ Pharmaceutical Allowance is paid. See Chart H. ■ Employment Entry Payment of $312 may be payable." ], "url": [ "http://www.financialcareservices.com.au/christine-hopper-insights/centrelink-disability-and-age-pension-increases-september-2013/", "http://www.financialcareservices.com.au/christine-hopper-insights/pensioner-rent-assistance/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability_pension", "http://www.financialcareservices.com.au/christine-hopper-insights/centrelink-disability-and-age-pension-increases-september-2013/", "http://www.financialcareservices.com.au/christine-hopper-insights/centrelink-disability-and-age-pension-increases-september-2013/", "http://www.ncoa.gov.au/report/appendix-vol-1/9-10-carer-payments.html", "http://www.ncoa.gov.au/report/appendix-vol-1/9-11-unemployment-benefits-minimum-wage.html", "http://www.financialcareservices.com.au/christine-hopper-insights/centrelink-disability-and-age-pension-increases-september-2013/", "http://www.mda.org.au/Concessions/DiabilityAndCarerPayments.pdf" ] }

[]

[ "Catnip" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Catnip (Nepeta cataria) is a common garden plant that can be used to repel mosquitoes. The crushed plant can be applied directly to the skin or the dried plant can be infused in an oil, such as olive oil. There is an interesting article about research conducted on the mosquito-repelling qualities of catnip. Citronella Grass (Cymbopogon nardus) is the most popular cultivated plant used for repelling mosquitoes. Its oil, citronella oil, is the primary ingredient in most natural insect repellents sold in stores. Products applied to the skin are most effective.", "While catnip will repel mosquitoes in close proximity to the plant, some people apply crushed catnip leaves or catnip oil for more robust protection. Bear in mind, however, that cats will respond to you similarly as they would respond to the plant itself. ", "Amazon Price: $0.39 Buy Now. There you go the top 10 common plants that repel mosquitoes and other insects. Just remember for the best insect repelling results you should pick the leaves of these plants and crush them. Hope the information in this article will help make your outdoor summer events much more enjoyable. ", "Plants that are commonly used to repel mosquitoes are citronella, marigolds, catnip, horsemint, and ageratum, in addition to several others. Continue reading this article to learn about the many ways in which plants can be used to keep mosquitoes away from your living environment. Ad. 7. Crush and rub certain species of mosquito-repellent plants on your skin. This will help deter mosquitoes in areas of your home or yard that may not contain mosquito-repellent plants, in addition to keeping your skin protected away from home.", "Cultivated plants that repel mosquitoes. Citronella Grass (Cymbopogon nardus) is the most popular cultivated plant used for repelling mosquitoes. Its oil, citronella oil, is the primary ingredient in most natural insect repellents sold in stores. Products applied to the skin are most effective.", "Instead of going the chemical route, here is a collection of mosquito repelling plants to make mosquito control more natural. Basil – Ocimum americanum – has essential oils that can be extracted and used as a spray to repel mosquitoes. It has also been an effective repellent when grown nearby. Bee Balm – Monarda – is a beautiful flowering plant that attracts hummingbirds and, of course, bees. It is also very effective used as a mosquito repellent, when allowing the fragrant oils to be released when the leaves are crushed.", "Clove – Syzygium aromaticum – a natural mosquito repellent plant you can use as a planting around the yard or use the oil from the clove to repel mosquitoes quickly. Recipe…. Floss Flower – Ageratum – Coumarin, which is secreted by ageratum, is found extensively in the manufacture mosquito repellents. It has also been an effective repellent when grown nearby. Bee Balm – Monarda – is a beautiful flowering plant that attracts hummingbirds and, of course, bees. It is also very effective used as a mosquito repellent, when allowing the fragrant oils to be released when the leaves are crushed.", "First crush and apply by rubbing mosquito-repellent plants like vanilla leaf on your skin. More…. Wild Bergamot – Mondarda fistulosa – can be used to repel mosquitoes but it must first be diluted with water because the plant itself can irritate the skin. It has also been an effective repellent when grown nearby. Bee Balm – Monarda – is a beautiful flowering plant that attracts hummingbirds and, of course, bees. It is also very effective used as a mosquito repellent, when allowing the fragrant oils to be released when the leaves are crushed.", "Other carnivorous plants you can grow to repel mosquitoes include: 1 Drosera, which attracts insects with its scent and uses an acid to dissolve them once they land on its flowers. 2 Venus flytraps, which eat many types of insects, including mosquitoes. 3 They only eat a few insects week, and they are tropical plants. " ], "url": [ "http://www.wildernesscollege.com/plants-that-repel-mosquitoes.html", "http://learn.eartheasy.com/2011/04/5-easy-to-grow-mosquito-repelling-plants/", "http://www.infobarrel.com/Top_10_Common_Plants_that_Repel_Mosquitoes_and_Other_Insects", "http://www.wikihow.com/Use-Plants-to-Keep-Mosquitoes-Away", "http://www.wildernesscollege.com/plants-that-repel-mosquitoes.html", "http://bestplants.com/plants-that-repel-mosquitoes/", "http://bestplants.com/plants-that-repel-mosquitoes/", "http://bestplants.com/plants-that-repel-mosquitoes/", "http://www.mosquitomagnet.com/blog/plants-that-repel-mosquitoes/" ] }

[]

[ "The Congestion Charge is an £11.50 daily charge for driving a vehicle within the charging zone between 07:00 and 18:00, Monday to Friday.The easiest way to pay the charge is by registering for Congestion Charge Auto Pay. There are a range of exemptions and discounts available to certain vehicles and individuals." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If you fail to purchase a Congestion Charge permit, Transport for London will issue a penalty charge (per offence). This fee is currently £130.00, but is reduced to £65.00 if paid within 14 days. An additional admin fee of £25.00 +VAT is payable if Avis handles the Penalty Charge Notice. When hiring a vehicle with Avis, it is your responsibility to pay the Congestion Charge. You will also be liable for any penalty fees", "Transport for London will charge a penalty charge (per offence) for failure to purchase a Congestion Charge permit. This fee is currently GBP 130.00, but is reduced to GBP 65.00 if paid within 14 days. An additional admin fee of GBP 25.00 +VAT is payable if Budget handles the Penalty Charge Notice. Congestion Charge fee. Transport for London charge a GBP 10.00 per day fee (VAT exempt) for all vehicles driving within the Congestion Charging zone, between 07:00 & 18:00 hours, Monday to Friday. This fee must be paid by midnight on the day of travel", "How to Pay the Congestion Charge. You can pay online up to 90 days in advance, on the day of travel or by midnight the next charging day. As well as online, you can pay the Congestion Charge via CC Auto Pay, by telephone and even by text message once you've registered online. The Congestion Charge comes into effect on weekdays between certain times of the day and in various locations within Central London. You must pay the Congestion Charge to avoid receiving a fine of £130, but some drivers and vehicles are exempt or qualify for discounts.", "The London congestion charge is a fee charged on most motor vehicles operating within the Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ) in Central London between 07:00 and 18:00 Mondays to Fridays. It is not charged on weekends, public holidays or between Christmas Day and New Year's Day (inclusive). The standard charge is £11.50 for each day, for each non-exempt vehicle that travels within the zone, with a penalty of between £65 and £195 levied for non-payment. Enforcement is primarily based on automatic number plate recognition (ANPR).", "Failure to pay the Congestion Charge fee. If you fail to purchase a Congestion Charge permit, Transport for London will issue a penalty charge (per offence).This fee is currently £130.00, but is reduced to £65.00 if paid within 14 days. An additional admin fee of £25.00 +VAT is payable if Avis handles the Penalty Charge Notice. When hiring a vehicle with Avis, it is your responsibility to pay the Congestion Charge. You will also be liable for any penalty fees. ", "Congestion Charge. The Congestion Charge is an £11.50 daily charge for driving a vehicle within the charging zone between 07:00 and 18:00, Monday to Friday. The easiest way to pay the charge is by registering for Congestion Charge Auto Pay. There are a range of exemptions and discounts available to certain vehicles and individuals. ", "Whatever you do with your car rental in London, if you have entered the charging zone, just play it safe and pay the days fee, the alternative is likely to be a a London congestion charging penalty charge notice and you will end up paying £120!! Website by: Gunpowder Studios. ", "Congestion Charge fee. Please be aware of the following charges / penalties by Transport for London (TFL): If you choose to pay by midnight on the day of travel the charge is £10.00 per day (VAT exempt) per vehicle. This fee is currently £130.00, but is reduced to £65.00 if paid within 14 days. An additional admin fee of £25.00 +VAT is payable if Avis handles the Penalty Charge Notice. When hiring a vehicle with Avis, it is your responsibility to pay the Congestion Charge." ], "url": [ "http://www.avis.ie/congestion_charge", "http://www.budget.co.uk/help-and-advice/motoring/london-congestion-charge.html", "http://www.visitlondon.com/traveller-information/getting-around-london/congestion-charge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_congestion_charge", "http://www.avis.ie/congestion_charge", "https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/congestion-charge", "http://londoncarhire.com/london-congestion-charges/", "http://www.avis.ie/congestion_charge" ] }

[]

[ "A torrent client is a simple software program that manages your torrent downloads and uploads, helps you find files, and even organizes your download library." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Client. A BitTorrent client is a piece of software that accepts a torrent file and begins downloading the data associated with it. The same way that you use a web browser like Firefox or Chrome to browse the web, you need a BitTorrent client for your computer to make sense of a BitTorrent file. ", "To send or receive files the user must have a BitTorrent client; a computer program that implements the BitTorrent protocol. Some popular BitTorrent clients include μTorrent, Xunlei, Transmission, qBittorrent, Vuze, Deluge, and BitComet. BitTorrent clients are available for a variety of computing platforms and operating systems including an official client released by Bittorrent, Inc. As of January 2012, BitTorrent is utilized by 150 million active users (according to BitTorrent, Inc.).", "Many torrent clients offer you the ability to search for torrents from multiple sites directly from the client itself. You can also use the Web to search for torrents, such as torrent search engines or torrent sites. Once you've found the torrent file you want to download, simply click download this file. Your Web browser will usually ask you what you want to do with this program; make sure you select the torrent client that you just downloaded in order to download and manage it. That way, it will be easier to find and organize. Once you have the torrent file tethered on your computer, you can use your torrent client to find and download the torrent. Note: it's easiest to search for torrents from within a torrent client, if this option is available. Most of the clients on this list give you the ability to search multiple torrent sites at once, track your torrent downloads, and organize them just the way you want them", "A BitTorrent client is any program that implements the BitTorrent protocol. Each client is capable of preparing, requesting, and transmitting any type of computer file over a network, using the protocol. A peer is any computer running an instance of a client. BitTorrent clients are available for a variety of computing platforms and operating systems including an official client released by Bittorrent, Inc. As of January 2012, BitTorrent is utilized by 150 million active users (according to BitTorrent, Inc.).", "Users find a torrent of interest, by browsing the web or by other means, download it, and open it with a BitTorrent client. The client connects to the tracker(s) specified in the torrent file, from which it receives a list of peers currently transferring pieces of the file(s) specified in the torrent. BitTorrent clients are available for a variety of computing platforms and operating systems including an official client released by Bittorrent, Inc. As of January 2012, BitTorrent is utilized by 150 million active users (according to BitTorrent, Inc.).", "A torrent client is a simple software program that manages your torrent downloads and uploads, helps you find files, and even organizes your download library. Once you have your torrent client installed, you're ready to search for torrents. That way, it will be easier to find and organize. Once you have the torrent file tethered on your computer, you can use your torrent client to find and download the torrent. Note: it's easiest to search for torrents from within a torrent client, if this option is available. Most of the clients on this list give you the ability to search multiple torrent sites at once, track your torrent downloads, and organize them just the way you want them", "The following is a general comparison of BitTorrent clients, which are computer programs designed for peer-to-peer file sharing using the BitTorrent protocol. The BitTorrent protocol coordinates segmented file transfer among peers connected in a swarm. ", "Where normal downloading through a browser is done linearly, what makes the Bittorrent protocol unique is that it allows parts of a file to be downloaded simultaneously from different sources and out-of-order. The Client assembles these parts into the complete file. Once a part of the file is downloaded, the BitTorrent Client makes that part available to other BitTorrent users (peers). When the file is completely downloaded, the Client will seed the file, making the entirety available for peers. ", "BitTorrent Client. Download large files with the easy-to-use BitTorrent client. Enjoy fast speeds, a simple interface, powerful options and more. Get started now with free, unlimited downloading. Featuring the new film HITS from director David Cross." ], "url": [ "http://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-bittorrent-2012-4", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrent", "http://websearch.about.com/od/torrentclient/ss/Torrent-Clients-The-Best-Six-on-the-Web.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrent", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrent", "http://websearch.about.com/od/torrentclient/ss/Torrent-Clients-The-Best-Six-on-the-Web.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_BitTorrent_clients", "http://bundle-help.bittorrent.com/customer/portal/articles/1636317-what-is-the-bittorrent-client-", "http://www.bittorrent.com/" ] }

[]

[ "The main reason for the smell is that the composition of the drug is such that once the drug has been stored for some time, the drug starts to degenerate causing the smell." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Aspirin is the generic/brand term for the chemical acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). It's available in various forms, but usually the vinegar-like smell is most noticeable in tablets of higher concentrations. ASA is produced by taking salicylic acid acetylating it with acetic anhydride. This chemical process yields the aspirin itself along with a byproduct of acetic acid. The key component of vinegar is acetic acid. :) You mentioned the vinegar smell when aspirin goes bad, or in very old aspirin.", "Why Aspirin Smells Like Vinegar. When aspirin starts to decompose, its molecules will separate into salicylic acid and acetic acid. Having acetic acid as the product of decomposition of aspirin gives it a similar odor as that of vinegar (which has diluted amounts of acetic acid as its component). How to Store Aspirin. 1. Aspirin is one of the medications that are used to reduce pain, inflammation and temperature. It has been used for several decades and still remains to be a choice even after the introduction of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).", "If your old bottle of aspirin is starting to smell like vinegar it may be time to throw it away! Check the expiration date. Acetic acid is the main taste and odor component of Vinegar and when Aspirin expires/ages it reacts with the moisture in the air and decomposes to salicylic acid and acetic acid. ", "Aspirin is a common term for the salicylate drug called acetylsalicylic acid, which has numerous medical uses. Some people use it as an anti-inflammatory agent, while others use it as antipyretic to lower high body temperature that is commonly associated with fever. Furthermore, it can also be used to relieve individuals from minor pains and aches because it serves as a good analgesic.", "The smell of vinegar from an old bottle of aspirin is an indication that the active ingredient in aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid, has decomposed. A normal, healthy and clean vagina will smell like vinegar because of vaginal discharge. Normal vaginal discharge is cloudy-white in color and smells a little like vinegar … because it is acidic. This helps to keep the vagina clean and free from yeast infections.", "Why Does Old Aspirin Smell Like Vinegar. Aspirin is a medication that is given to relieve pain and also inflammation. There are many who suffer from fever too that can be relieved with the use of aspirin. This makes people to wonder why does old aspirin smell like vinegar. The main reason for the smell is that the composition of the drug is such that once the drug has been stored for some time, the drug starts to degenerate causing the smell.", "The fact is that vinegar which is usually made from fermented fruit juice also contains acetic acid which is the main reason for the smell of vinegar. As the aspirin breaks down into acetic acid and salicylic acid, the acetic acid in it causes the smell to be like that of vinegar. This makes people to wonder why does old aspirin smell like vinegar. The main reason for the smell is that the composition of the drug is such that once the drug has been stored for some time, the drug starts to degenerate causing the smell.", "Report Abuse. This vinegar oder is caused by the aspirin breaking down into its original compounds that were used to synthesize it in the first place, salicylic acid and acetic acid. It is the acetic acid that you smell as it is the major component of vinegar. " ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070328203811AAXAsVb", "http://ezinearticles.com/?Why-Old-Aspirin-Smells-Like-Vinegar&id=3471563", "http://www.cleaningwithvinegar.com/old-aspirin-smell-like-vinegar.html", "http://www.whyguides.com/why-does-old-aspirin-smell-like-vinegar.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_does_old_aspirin_sometimes_smell_like_vinegar", "http://www.iknow2.net/why-does-old-aspirin-smell-like-vinegar/", "http://www.iknow2.net/why-does-old-aspirin-smell-like-vinegar/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100609053415AAnDPtf" ] }

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[ "98.6°F (37°C)" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Most people think of a normal body temperature as an oral temperature of 98.6°F (37°C) . This is an average of normal body temperatures. Your temperature may actually be 1°F (0.6°C) or more above or below 98.6°F (37°C) . ", "1 Fever is when the temperature of the body rises to above 38°C. 2 A normal temperature range for a child is usually up to 38°C. 3 Fever is usually a sign of infection in the body. 1 The normal temperature range is up to 38ºC. 2 Fevers are common in children. 3 If your child seems well and is happy there is no need to treat a fever. 4 If your child is under three months and has a fever above 38º C, take them to the doctor to be checked.", "Fever in children. 1 Fever is when the temperature of the body rises to above 38°C. 2 A normal temperature range for a child is usually up to 38°C. 3 Fever is usually a sign of infection in the body. 4 Fever is often caused by a virus and sometimes by bacteria. 1 The normal temperature range is up to 38ºC. 2 Fevers are common in children. 3 If your child seems well and is happy there is no need to treat a fever. 4 If your child is under three months and has a fever above 38º C, take them to the doctor to be checked.", "Photo Credit Buccina Studios/Photodisc/Getty Images. A normal temperature is considered to be 99 degrees Fahrenheit or less when taken in your child's mouth, and 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit or less if you take it in your child's bottom, according to HealthyChildren.org. Babies under 12 weeks old who have a fever higher than 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit taken rectally, and children with a fever of 105 degrees Fahrenheit or higher when taken by any method, or 104 degrees Fahrenheit if the temperature is taken in the armpit, should be taken to see the doctor immediately.", "The normal body temperatures for children are the same as an adult human and are considered to be between 36 to 36.8 degrees Celsius or 96.8 to 98.2 degrees Fahrenheit. In a child, any temperature that exceeds 36 degrees Celsius or 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit is considered to be high and is medically classed as a fever. An increase in body temperature is one of the first signs of an infection or an illness in humans. The average body temperature for infants range from 97 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit or 38 degrees Celsius, and anything above that is generally considered a fever.", "1 A normal temperature range for a child is usually up to 38°C. 2 Fever is usually a sign of infection in the body. 3 Fever is often caused by a virus and sometimes by bacteria. 1 The normal temperature range is up to 38ºC. 2 Fevers are common in children. 3 If your child seems well and is happy there is no need to treat a fever. 4 If your child is under three months and has a fever above 38º C, take them to the doctor to be checked.", "The normal body temperature of a baby is anything between a Fahrenheit temperature of 97 degrees and 100.4 degrees. One way you can tell if your baby has a temperature is by touching or kissing his/her forehead. An increase in body temperature is one of the first signs of an infection or an illness in humans. The average body temperature for infants range from 97 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit or 38 degrees Celsius, and anything above that is generally considered a fever.", "Often you must look at your child's other symptoms to determine how serious the illness is. Although it may be scary when your child's temperature goes up, fever is not harmful. The average normal body temperature is about 98.6°F (37°C) . It usually rises during the day from a low of 97.4°F (36.3°C) in the morning to a high of 99.6°F (37.6°C) in the late afternoon. " ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/body-temperature", "http://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Fever_in_children/", "http://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Fever_in_children/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/229036-normal-body-temperature-for-children/", "http://www.medicalhealthtests.com/askquestion/21/what-is-normal-body-temperature-range-for-children.html", "http://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Fever_in_children/", "http://www.medicalhealthtests.com/askquestion/21/what-is-normal-body-temperature-range-for-children.html", "http://www.webmd.com/children/tc/fever-age-3-and-younger-topic-overview" ] }

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[ "It is a humorous, ironic, or sarcastic examination of the political arena in an attempt to expose absurdity and hypocrisy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "During the 20th and 21st Centuries satire is found in an increasing number of media (in cartoons as political cartoons with heavy caricature and exaggeration, and in political magazines) and the parallel exposure of political scandals to performances (including television shows). Other forms of satire of the 1960s and early 1970s typically used the sitcom format, such as the show All in the Family. When Saturday Night Live debuted in 1975, the show began to change the way that comedians would depict the president on television.", "A writer may point a satire toward a person, a country or even the entire world. Usually, a satire is a comical piece of writing which makes fun of an individual or a society to expose its stupidity and shortcomings. In addition, he hopes that those he criticizes will improve their characters by overcoming their weaknesses. Satire and Irony. Satire and irony are interlinked. Irony is the difference between what is said or done and what is actually meant. Therefore, writers frequently employ satire to point at the dishonesty and silliness of individuals and society and criticize them by ridiculing them.", "The pictorial satire of William Hogarth is a precursor to the development of political cartoons in 18th century England. The medium developed under the direction of its greatest exponent, James Gillray from London. One of the earliest examples of what we might call satire, The Satire of the Trades, is in Egyptian writing from the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. The text's apparent readers are students, tired of studying. It argues that their lot as scribes is useful, and their lot far superior to that of the ordinary man.", "In modern era, political satire in the United Kingdom includes pamphlets and newspaper articles, such as Private Eye, topical television panel shows such as Have I Got News For You, and television series such as Yes Minister, House of Cards and The Thick of It. Other forms of satire of the 1960s and early 1970s typically used the sitcom format, such as the show All in the Family. When Saturday Night Live debuted in 1975, the show began to change the way that comedians would depict the president on television.", "Tom Toles Cartoon Gallery Click on any thumbnail in the Tom Toles Cartoon Gallery to enlarge, then you may browse through cartoons, run the slide show or return to gallery. From Wikipedia: Thomas Gregory Toles (born October 22, 1951) is an American political cartoonist. “Tom the Dancing Bug” Cartoon Gallery Click on any thumbnail in the “Tom the Dancing Bug” Cartoon Gallery to enlarge, then you may browse through cartoons, run the slide show or return to gallery. From Wikipedia: Tom the Dancing Bug is a weekly satirical [more…].", "Satire has long been a tool of political criticism. Although the term satire may describe an entire work, a passage, or a tone, its characteristics are shared: among these, it employs comedy or humor; has a target and an ideal to compare it to; and describes folly or vice in detail. Satire is actually part of the very definition of cartoon given in the ENCYCLOPEDIA AMERICANA. According to the EA, cartoon targets are most often in the field of political or public affairs, but they may be social customs, fashions, or sports events or personalities..", "The UK has a long tradition of political satire, dating from the early years of English literature. In some readings, a number of William Shakespeare 's plays can be seen-or at least performed-as satire, including Richard III and The Merchant of Venice. Other forms of satire of the 1960s and early 1970s typically used the sitcom format, such as the show All in the Family. When Saturday Night Live debuted in 1975, the show began to change the way that comedians would depict the president on television.", "Satire is a genre of literature, and sometimes graphic and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government or society itself, into improvement. One of the earliest examples of what we might call satire, The Satire of the Trades, is in Egyptian writing from the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. The text's apparent readers are students, tired of studying. It argues that their lot as scribes is useful, and their lot far superior to that of the ordinary man.", "You won't believe these 10 facts about people. Political satire is a humorous, ironic, or sarcastic examination of the political arena in an attempt to expose absurdity and hypocrisy. A combination of humor and political analysis, political satire can skew more toward bringing laughs or toward activism, depending on the content and the intent of the satirist. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_satire", "http://literarydevices.net/satire/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satirical", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_satire", "http://www.humortimes.com/topics/cartoons/political-toons/", "http://www.pbs.org/now/politics/satire.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_satire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satirical", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-political-satire.htm" ] }

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[ "A black and white copier ranges from $10,000 to $13,000 and a color copier of 30-35 ppm costs about $20,000." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 This copier costs around $13,000 new. 2 The Canon ImageRunner C4080i Color Copier Bundle 3 does 40 B&W copies per minute; 36 Color copies per minute and costs $18,000 new. 3 The Ricoh Aficio MP C4500 Color Copier is an All-in-one: print, copy, scan and fax.", "1 The Canon ImageRunner C5068 Color Copier has a 68 ppm speed for black and white and 16 ppm for color. 2 This copier costs around $13,000 new. 3 The Canon ImageRunner C4080i Color Copier Bundle 3 does 40 B&W copies per minute; 36 Color copies per minute and costs $18,000 new.", "1 Used Ricoh copiers are available for a fraction of the cost of new copiers. 2 For example, a used Ricoh Aficio 2027 multifunction laser digital copier with 600 x 600 dpi, 64 MB memory, and 27 ppm speeds costs around $2,500 to $3,000 compared to $7,000-$8,000 new.", "Faster models that can handle more monthly volume-workgroup or mid-volume copiers running at 21 to 35 ppm-cost between from $3,000 to $10,000. Fully loaded, a black and white copier ranges from $10,000 to $13,000 and a color copier of 30-35 ppm costs about $20,000. A refurbished color copier, however, can be found for as low as $5,000. The high end of the business copier segment-high volume machines, boasting 36 - 56 ppm or more-costs $39,000 to $60,000.", "A typical lease amount can be estimated somewhere in the neighborhood of $25 for every $1000 in the price of the copier or MFP for a five-year lease. That means a device costing $12,000 will run you, roughly, $300 per month.", "Given that leasing a copier is a great way to hold on to your business capital, you’ll see leases starting as low as $100 per month all the way up to over $600 or more—and that’s not counting those expensive production-level machines that can handle a much higher workload at much greater speeds.", "Top-of-the-line copiers cost more than $80,000, but the performance they offer - 100+ ppm and volumes of 600,000 to 800,000 outputs per month-is usually only needed by print shops and central copy offices for large organizations. Copier prices are affected by a number of factors. One is the add-ons you choose.", "1 The Canon ImageRunner C4080i Color Copier Bundle 3 does 40 B&W copies per minute; 36 Color copies per minute and costs $18,000 new. 2 The Ricoh Aficio MP C4500 Color Copier is an All-in-one: print, copy, scan and fax. 3 It also has fast speeds of 45 ppm B&W and 40 ppm color. 4 It can be purchased new for around $13,500." ], "url": [ "http://costowl.com/b2b/copiers-color-cost.html", "http://costowl.com/b2b/copiers-color-cost.html", "http://costowl.com/b2b/copiers-ricoh-cost.html", "http://www.buyerzone.com/office-equipment/digital-copiers/bg-business-copiers/", "http://www.copierguide.com/leasing/much-cost-lease-copier/", "http://www.copierguide.com/leasing/much-cost-lease-copier/", "http://www.buyerzone.com/office-equipment/digital-copiers/bg-business-copiers/", "http://costowl.com/b2b/copiers-color-cost.html" ] }

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[ "The innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm); from it are derived the epithelial lining of the primordial gut and the epithelial component of the glands and other structures (e.g., lower respiratory system).", "Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm); from it are derived the epithelial lining of the primordial gut and the epithelial component of the glands and other structures (e.g., lower respiratory system) that develop as outgrowths from the gut tube. endoderm. the innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo; from it are derived the epithelium of the pharynx, respiratory tract (except the nose), digestive tract, bladder, and urethra. Called also endoblast, entoderm, entoblast, and hypoblast.", "Triploblastic animals have ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm layers. All of these embryonic tissue layers will develop into all the different tissues and structures found in an adult animal. The endoderm is the innermost germ layer and develops into internal structures. The mesoderm is the middle germ layer and forms most organ systems. The ectoderm is the outer layer of an embryo and develops into the epidermis, derivatives of the epidermis, parts of the mouth and eye, and most of the nervous system. Definition. During development, most animals form a gastrula. A gastrula is an embryo that has undergone gastrulation, or the process that produces different germ layers. Germ layers are the initial tissue layers of an embryo, and animals can have up to three. 1 Ectoderm is the outermost layer of cells.", "ectoderm. the outermost of the three primitive germ layers of the embryo; from it are derived the epidermis and epidermal derivatives, such as the claws, hair and glands of the skin, the nervous system, external sense organs (eye, ear, etc.) and mucous membrane of the mouth and anus. 1 Facebook. 2 Twitter. n the outermost of the three primary cell layers of an embryo. The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system, the organs of special sense, the epidermis, and epidermal tissues such as fingernails, hair, and skin glands.", "Ectoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the mesoderm (middle layer) and endoderm (most proximal layer), with the ectoderm as the most exterior (or distal) layer. It emerges and originates from the outer layer of germ cells. The position of the ectoderm relative to the other germ layers of the embryo is governed by selective affinity, meaning that the inner surface of the ectoderm has a strong (positive) affinity for the mesoderm, and a weak (negative) affinity for the endoderm layer.", "the outermost of the three primary cell layers of an embryo. The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system; the organs of special sense, such as the eyes and ears; the epidermis and epidermal tissue, such as fingernails, hair, and skin glands; and the mucous membranes of the mouth and anus. See also embryo, endoderm, mesoderm. ectodermal, ectodermic, adj. n the outermost of the three primary cell layers of an embryo. The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system, the organs of special sense, the epidermis, and epidermal tissues such as fingernails, hair, and skin glands.", "Mesoderm. In all bilaterian animals, the mesoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and endoderm (inside layer), with the mesoderm as the middle layer between them. The mesoderm forms mesenchyme, mesothelium, non-epithelial blood cells and coelomocytes. Mesothelium lines coeloms.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The surface ectoderm (or external ectoderm) forms the following structures: 1 Skin (only epidermis; dermis is derived from mesoderm) (along with glands, hair, and nails). 2 Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity salivary glands, and glands of mouth and nasal cavity. 1 Epithelium of the mouth and nasal cavity salivary glands, and glands of mouth and nasal cavity. 2 Tooth enamel (as a side note, dentin and dental pulp are formed from ectomesenchyme which is derived from ectoderm (specifically neural crest cells and travels with mesenchmyal cells).", "(en'dō-dĕrm), The innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm); from it is derived the epithelial lining of the primordial gut and the epithelial component of the glands and other structures (for example, lower respiratory system) that develop as outgrowths from the gut. endoderm. the innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo; from it are derived the epithelium of the pharynx, respiratory tract (except the nose), digestive tract, bladder, and urethra. Called also endoblast, entoderm, entoblast, and hypoblast." ], "url": [ "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endoderm", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/ectoderm-layer-definition-derivatives-quiz.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ectoderm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectoderm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ectoderm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoderm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_ectoderm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/endoderm" ] }

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[ "$67,000" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The BLS also reported the median annual salary to be $106,840 for physicists, $94,350 for chemical engineers and $87,920 for electrical engineers, as of May 2012. Engineering physics degrees are often available through schools of engineering at the bachelor's, master's and doctoral levels.", "Salaries and Job Outlook. If you're interested in a career in engineering physics, job prospects vary with different occupations in the field. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projected average job growth for physicists, at 10%, between 2012 and 2022 (www.bls.gov).", "The average salary for engineering physics jobs is $67,000. Average engineering physics salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. This salary was calculated using the average salary for all jobs with the term engineering physics anywhere in the job listing.", "This would mean the most likely starting pay rate in science, technology, engineering and math opportunities for physics majors would be in the range of $45,000 to $55,000, with the midpoint at $50,000. In civilian government jobs, it would be in the range of $43,000 to $53,000, with the midpoint at $48,000.", "Starting Salary Range. Starting salaries for physics majors in the fields of science, technology, engineering and math for 2009 and 2010 graduates ranged from about $40,000 to about $60,000 per year, according to the American Institute of Physics. Starting salaries in civilian government jobs ranged from about $38,000 to about $58,000. These were generally the highest starting salaries for people with a Bachelor of Science in physics. The top starting salary for a physics major hired in a university setting was about $40,000." ], "url": [ "http://learn.org/directory/category/Engineering/Engineering_Physics.html", "http://learn.org/directory/category/Engineering/Engineering_Physics.html", "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-engineering-physics-jobs.html", "http://work.chron.com/average-starting-salary-applied-physics-majors-5999.html", "http://work.chron.com/average-starting-salary-applied-physics-majors-5999.html" ] }

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[ "It is across in Canada and Alaska and in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the Rocky Mountains south to Colorado and the northern parts of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, New York and the northern New England states." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The American marten or American pine marten (Martes americana) is a North American member of the family Mustelidae, sometimes referred to as the pine marten. The name pine marten is derived from the common but distinct Eurasian species of Martes. American marten in captivity may live for 15 years. The oldest individual documented in the wild was 14.5 years old. Survival rates vary by geographic region, exposure to trapping, habitat quality, and age.", "Pine Marten. The Pine Marten (Martes martes) is an animal in the weasel family, native to Britain Northern Europe. Pine martens are distributed throughout most of West Europe, with local pockets in the UK, Corsica, Sicily, Sardinia and the Balearic Islands. They also occur in Central Asia. The Pine marten has lived to 18 years in captivity, however, in the wild a life span of 8 to 10 years is more typical.", "Pine Marten (Martens americana) Wisconsin Status: endangered Federal Status: not listed Pine martens are small, rare members of the weasel family often confused with two other weasels that live in Wisconsin: fishers and stone martens. Like other species in the weasel family, the male and female are different sizes. Pine martens have long, bushy tails, one-third the length of their body. Fishers live in similar habitat, have similar tracks and are darker in color than pine martens. Stone martens are non-native species and are also about the size of the male pine marten. They are pale gray to brown with a white throat patch", "Pine Marten Range Map. In the past, pine martens lived in mature conifer forests of the northern United States, north to treeline in Canada. Populations extended southward along the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California, the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico, the Great Lakes and the Ohio River Valley to southern Ohio. Pine Marten Range Map", "Pine martens live in mature, dense conifer forests in northern Wisconsin. Click here to see a map of their range in Wisconsin. They can be found in woods with northern white cedar, balsam fir, spruce and eastern hemlock, especially where trees have fallen. Pine martens have long, bushy tails, one-third the length of their body. Fishers live in similar habitat, have similar tracks and are darker in color than pine martens. Stone martens are non-native species and are also about the size of the male pine marten. They are pale gray to brown with a white throat patch", "Martes americana. The American (or pine) marten is a predator (meat eater) species that belongs to the weasel family. Before the late 1800s, the marten was common in northern Minnesota. Because of logging, most of its wooded habitat was lost. By 1920 pine martens had almost disappeared from Minnesot", "Today, pine martens live across Canada and Alaska and in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the Rocky Mountains south to Colorado and the northern parts of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, New York and the northern New England states. Pine Marten Range Map In the past, pine martens lived in mature conifer forests of the northern United States, north to treeline in Canada.", "Pine martens are elusive members of the weasel family, and sport a creamy yellow throat bib. Found throughout most of central and northern Europe, this once heavily persecuted marten is now extinct from most of England and Wales. Their last remaining UK stronghold is in Scotland. They favour well wooded areas where they can nest in hollow trees and old animal homes. The Pine marten can be found in a number of locations including: Asia, Europe, Russia, United Kingdom, Wales. Find out more about these places and what else lives there." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_marten", "https://animalcorner.co.uk/animals/pine-marten/", "http://dnr.wi.gov/org/caer/ce/eek/critter/mammal/pinemarten.htm", "http://dnr.wi.gov/eek/critter/mammal/marmap.htm", "http://dnr.wi.gov/org/caer/ce/eek/critter/mammal/pinemarten.htm", "http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/mammals/americanmarten.html", "http://dnr.wi.gov/eek/critter/mammal/marmap.htm", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/European_Pine_Marten" ] }

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[ "The Legal Ombudsman is an independent and impartial scheme set up to help resolve legal service disputes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Sign in Banjul, The Gambia. An ombudsman or public advocate is usually appointed by the government or by parliament, but with a significant degree of independence, who is charged with representing the interests of the public by investigating and addressing complaints of maladministration or a violation of rights. In general, an ombudsman is a state official appointed to provide a check on government activity in the interests of the citizen, and to oversee the investigation of complaints of improper government activity against the citizen.", "It is a free service that investigates complaints about lawyers in England and Wales. The Legal Ombudsman was set up as a result of the Legal Services Act 2007 and took over from the Legal Complaints Service and other legal complaint-handling bodies. The current Chief Executive is Ian Brack. The Legal Ombudsman is a member of the Ombudsman Association. The Legal Ombudsman can investigate complaints made by members of the public (and small businesses, clubs and charities) about the service they receive from lawyers working", "W4MP recently had a request from the Legal Ombudsman to tell you more about what they do. Here it is. ——————————————–. The Legal Ombudsman for England and Wales was set up by the Office for Legal Complaints (our Board) under the Legal Services Act 2007. Our service is open to all members of the public, very small businesses, charities, clubs and trusts. • Our service is free to these consumers. ", "If a case goes to the Legal Ombudsman, there may be a case fee of £400. The case fee will be waived if the case is: 1 settled, resolved or determined in favour of the lawyer (this means that the case is resolved for the same or less than what was offered by the lawyer) and. 1 Handling a complaint that has been referred to the Legal Ombudsman. There will be occasions when you are unable to resolve a complaint through your complaints handling process and the complaint is referred to the Legal Ombudsman (LeO).", "The Legal Ombudsman defines a complaint as an expression of dissatisfaction with a service. To come within the jurisdiction of the Legal Ombudsman, the complaint must relate to an act or omission about a service which an authorised person (or their employee) provided to: 1 the complainant; or. 2 another authorised person who procured the service on behalf of the complainant; or. Complaints to the Legal Ombudsman. The Legal Ombudsman has published data on the type of complaints it receives. We have pulled out the key information to help solicitors understand where complaints come from and how they might be prevented.", "Ombudsman means citizen representative. They investigate reported complaints, report findings and help achieve resolutions. They can help one person resolve a problem, address issues that affect several residents or work to change a systemic problem. ", "Find out more about how we can help. The Legal Ombudsman is an independent and impartial scheme set up to help resolve legal service disputes. Our service is free. When we receive complaints, we will look at the facts in each case and weigh-up the comments from both you and your service provider. ", "Ombudsmen are useful people when it comes to putting mistakes right. If you complain to an organisation and they don't sort things out then an ombudsman might be able to help. They are the people who are at the top of the complaints ladder and to whom you can turn for help when all else has failed. Ombudsman is a Swedish word and means representative or agent of the people. It is used for both men and women. Sweden had the first ombudsman in 1809 and other countries used the word when they appointed ombudsmen of their own.", "Ombudsman loosely translates as ‘ citizen's defender ’ or ‘ representative of the people ’. In Swedish the word - ‘ ombudsman ’ is without gender and can indicate a person of either sex. However, it is becoming common to use the term ombudsperson in lieu of ombudsman. An Ombudsman is a designated neutral person who provides confidential and informal assistance in resolving concerns and disagreements. An ombudsman investigates complaints, reports findings, and mediates fair settlements, especially between an individual or group of individuals; and an institution or organizatio" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_Ombudsman", "http://www.w4mp.org/what-does-the-legal-ombudsman-do/", "http://www.lawsociety.org.uk/support-services/advice/practice-notes/what-to-do-when-a-complaint-goes-to-the-legal-ombudsman-june-2015/", "http://www.lawsociety.org.uk/support-services/risk-compliance/regulation/legal-ombudsman/", "http://www.dads.state.tx.us/news_info/ombudsman/how_it_works.html", "http://www.legalombudsman.org.uk/", "http://www.ombudsmanassociation.org/young-people/all-about-omb.htm", "http://www.locate-a-ombudsperson.com/ombudsman.html" ] }

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[ "1. the branch of medical science that studies the causes of diseases and the factors underlying their spread. 2. the accumulated knowledge of disease causes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "noun. 1 Medicine The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition: the importance of sunlight in the aetiology of melanoma [count noun]: a group of distinct diseases with different aetiologies. ", "etiology, aetiology. 1. the branch of medical science that studies the causes of diseases and the factors underlying their spread. 2. the accumulated knowledge of disease causes. — etiologist, n. — etiologic, etiological, adj. e•ti•ol•o•gy. 1. a. the study of the causes of diseases. b. the cause or origin of a disease. 2. a. any study of causes, causation, or causality. b. the cause postulated for something.", "n the environmental influences that may be implicated in the causation or perpetuation of a disease process. etiology, systemic factors, n generalized biologic factors that are implicated in the causation, modification, or perpetuation of a disease entity. Within the oral cavity, the actions of the systemic factors are modified by interaction with local factors.", "Definition of ETIOLOGY. 1. : cause, origin; specifically: the cause of a disease or abnormal condition. 2. : a branch of knowledge concerned with causes; specifically: a branch of medical science concerned with the causes and origins of diseases. See etiology defined for kids. ADVERTISEMENT. ", "Major Causes. Pulmonary embolism (PE) usually begins as a blood clot in a deep vein of the leg. This condition is called deep vein thrombosis. The clot can break free, travel through the bloodstream to the lungs, and block an artery. ", "Adorable animal families that will make you aww. Etiology is the study of causes. A number of disciplines utilize etiology, ranging from anthropology to physics, but it is most commonly associated with the medical world. ", "etiology, aetiology. 1. the branch of medical science that studies the causes of diseases and the factors underlying their spread. 2. the accumulated knowledge of disease causes. — etiologist, n. — etiologic, etiological, adj. etiology. — aetiological, adj. ", "1 the assignment of a cause, or the cause assigned: the etiology of a folkway. 2 the science of the causes or origins of disease. 3 the causes of a specific disease. etiology. pl. -·gies. 1 the assignment of a cause, or the cause assigned: the etiology of a folkway. 2 the science of the causes or origins of disease. 3 the causes of a specific disease." ], "url": [ "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/aetiology", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/etiology", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/etiology", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/etiology", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pe/causes", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-etiology.htm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/aetiology", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/etiology" ] }

[]

[ "soft-bodied" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Full Definition of MOLLUSK. : any of a large phylum (Mollusca) of invertebrate animals (as snails, clams, or squids) with a soft unsegmented body usually enclosed in a calcareous shell; broadly: shellfish. — mol·lus·can also mol·lus·kan \\mə-ˈləs-kən, mae-\\ mä. Adjective see mollusk defined For-english language. Learners see mollusk defined for. kids", "Mollusca is the term for the phylum of animals containing mollusks. It is very diverse and contains many marine and freshwater organisms. Examples of mollusks are snails, octopus, mussels. They are soft, hence the name mollusca. They have either an internal or external shell. They have a mantle,which is a tissue that covers the body mass of a mollusk. They are d … ivided into 3 phyla, them being cephalopods, bivavles, and gastropods. They also have radulae, which act like teeth in mollusk", "Mollusca is the term for the phylum of animals containing mollusks. It is very diverse and contains many marine and freshwater organisms. Examples of mollusks are snails, oct … opus, mussels. They are soft, hence the name mollusca. They have either an internal or external shell. They have a mantle,which is a tissue that covers the body mass of a mollusk. They are d … ivided into 3 phyla, them being cephalopods, bivavles, and gastropods. They also have radulae, which act like teeth in mollusks.", "The word mollusca comes from the Latin word mollis meaning soft. This word in turn came from the term Aristotle used for cuttlefish, Molluscus, which means the soft thi … ngs. Answered. In Latin to English. They are soft, hence the name mollusca. They have either an internal or external shell. They have a mantle,which is a tissue that covers the body mass of a mollusk. They are d … ivided into 3 phyla, them being cephalopods, bivavles, and gastropods. They also have radulae, which act like teeth in mollusks.", "Mollusca, meaning “soft-bodied,” is one of the largest phylums in the animal kingdom. The word mollusc (or mollusk) derives from the Latin word “mollis,” which means “soft.” There are an estimated 200,000 species of mollusk worldwide accounting for nearly a quarter of all marine life. Familiar phylum species include snails, squid, octopuses, clams and oysters. Cephalopods. The 600 to 650 species of cephalopod inhabit the sea, including squid, octopuses, and cuttlefish. Most lack the shell of other mollusca, but have tentacles that propel them through the water using suction.", "The word mollusca comes from the Latin word mollis meaning soft. This word in turn came from the term Aristotle used for cuttlefish, Molluscus, which means the soft thi … ngs. They are soft, hence the name mollusca. They have either an internal or external shell. They have a mantle,which is a tissue that covers the body mass of a mollusk. They are d … ivided into 3 phyla, them being cephalopods, bivavles, and gastropods. They also have radulae, which act like teeth in mollusk", "The molluscs or mollusks, compose the large phylum of invertebrate animals known as the phylum Mollusca. Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. ", "The molluscs (Americans spell it as ‘mollusks’) constitute one of the largest phyla of animals, with close to 112,000 species to be found worldwide. The scientific study of molluscs is known as malacology. The molluscs first appeared during the Cambrian period of the evolutionary calendar.The world mollusca has its root in the Latin word molluscus meaning ‘thin shelled’ which in turn is derived from the root Latin word mollis meaning ‘soft’. Top shells. ", "mol·lusk. n. Any of numerous chiefly marine invertebrates of the phylum Mollusca, typically having a soft unsegmented body, a mantle, and a protective calcareous shell, and including the snails, clams, and squids. [French. or mol•lusc. any invertebrate of the phylum Mollusca, having a calcareous shell of one or more pieces that wholly or partly enclose the soft, unsegmented body: includes the chitons, snails, bivalves, and octopuses." ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mollusk", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_mollusca_mean", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_Mollusca_mean_in_Latin", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_Mollusca_mean_in_Latin", "http://animals.mom.me/meaning-mollusca-2230.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_mollusca_mean", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/molluscs", "http://www.biologyeducation.net/natural-history/molluscs/", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/mollusk" ] }

[]

[ "350 degrees" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Whole Chicken. If you are roasting a whole chicken at 350 degrees in the oven, it should take about 75 to 90 minutes for a 3- to 4-pound chicken to cook thoroughly and closer to 2 hours to 2 hours and 15 minutes for a 5- to 7-pound chicken.", "Baking the Chicken: Preheat the oven to 400°F. Bake the chicken, uncovered, for 35 to 40 minutes or until the chicken is no longer pink inside. You can bake the chicken legs in a 375°F. oven, if desired. Increase the baking time to 45 to 50 minutes. Tip: An accurate way to check chicken doneness is to insert an instant-read thermometer into the thigh, avoiding the bone. It should read 180°F when the chicken is done.", "Baking your Chicken Legs... Preheat the oven to 400°F. Bake the chicken, uncovered, for 35 to 40 minutes or until the chicken is no longer pink inside. You can bake the chicken legs in a 375°F. oven, if desired. Increase the baking time to 45 to 50 minutes.", "I usually cook bonless chicken breasts in a pre-heated oven @ 350 for 30-35mins 350 for 1 hour is comon temperature. or 375 for 45 minutes. 45 mins to an hour for bo … ne-in chicken (thighs,legs,breast) at 350 degrees ..either way,pierce it with a fork,if the juice comes out clear and NOT pink, it is cooked. I always bake my thawed chicken breasts at 375 degrees for 50 min. and they come out juicy and fully cooked." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/way_5240792_temperature-times-cooking-chicken.html", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-oven-bake-chicken-legs/", "http://community.tasteofhome.com/community_forums/f/29/p/176779/2415416.aspx", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_should_you_cook_chicken_thighs_in_the_oven_and_at_what_temperature" ] }

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[ "It is the person who currently holds an elected office." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "adjective. noun. The definition of incumbent is laying on top of something. An example of incumbent is a cat lounging on its sleeping owner. Incumbent is defined as the person who is already in an elected office. An example of incumbent is the person who is currently the president.", ": a person who holds a particular office or position. Voters will have the chance to see the incumbent and her opponent in a series of three debates. Incumbents often have an advantage in elections. [+] more examples [-] hide examples [+] Example sentences [-] Hide examples. incumbent /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/ adjective. incumbent. /ɪnˈkʌmbənt/. adjective. Learner's definition of INCUMBENT. always used before a noun formal. : holding an office or position. the incumbent president/mayor/senator. Voters will have the chance to see the incumbent and her opponent in a series of three debates", "In the United States, incumbents traditionally win their party's nomination to run for office. Unseating an incumbent president, governor, senator or other figure during a primary election is very difficult, and even in the general election, incumbents have a very strong record. Elections featuring an incumbent, on the other hand, are as Guy Molyneux puts it, fundamentally a referendum on the incumbent.. Voters will first grapple with the record of the incumbent. Only if they decide to fire the incumbent do they begin to evaluate whether the challenger is an acceptable alternative.", "incumbent adjective (NECESSARY). › ​necessary: [+ to infinitive] It is incumbent upon (= ​necessary for) all of us to ​create a ​safe ​community. (Definition of incumbent from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press). incumbent noun [C]. › the ​person who has or had a ​particular ​official ​position: the first/last/​previous incumbent The ​present incumbent (of the ​post) is ​due to ​retire next ​month. (Definition of incumbent from the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary & Thesaurus", "Incumbent. The incumbent, in politics, is the existing holder of a political office. This term is usually used in reference to elections, in which races can often be defined as being between an incumbent and non-incumbent. The current holder of an office, such as ecclesiastical benefice or a an elected office. incumbent (Noun). A holder of a position as supplier to a market or market segment that allows the holder to earn above-normal profits. incumbent (Adjective). Imposed on someone as an obligation, especially due to one's office.", "For example, in the 2012 United States presidential election, Barack Obama was the incumbent, because he had been the president in the previous term while the election sought to determine the president for the current term. A race without an incumbent is referred to as an open seat. Elections featuring an incumbent, on the other hand, are as Guy Molyneux puts it, fundamentally a referendum on the incumbent.. Voters will first grapple with the record of the incumbent. Only if they decide to fire the incumbent do they begin to evaluate whether the challenger is an acceptable alternative.", "incumbent-Computer Definition. An entity that is currently in power. An incumbent company is an organization that has been providing goods and services for some time. In politics, the incumbent senator is the person who currently holds that office. The definition of incumbent is laying on top of something. An example of incumbent is a cat lounging on its sleeping owner. Incumbent is defined as the person who is already in an elected office. An example of incumbent is the person who is currently the president.", "In business the term incumbent is used for the largest company in a certain industry, for instance the traditional phone company in telecommunications, typically called the incumbent operator . Elections featuring an incumbent, on the other hand, are as Guy Molyneux puts it, fundamentally a referendum on the incumbent.. Voters will first grapple with the record of the incumbent. Only if they decide to fire the incumbent do they begin to evaluate whether the challenger is an acceptable alternative.", "incumbent. adj. 1. (often: postpositive and foll by on or upon and an infinitive) morally binding or necessary; obligatory: it is incumbent on me to attend. 2. (usually: postpositive and foll by on) resting or lying (on). n. " ], "url": [ "http://www.yourdictionary.com/incumbent", "http://www.learnersdictionary.com/definition/incumbent", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incumbent", "http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/incumbent", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/incumbent", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incumbent", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/incumbent", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incumbent", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Incumbents" ] }

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[ "When softer rocks weathers away and leaves harder,;;more resistant rock." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Source Information. Weathering causes the disintegration of rock near the surface of the earth. Plant and animal life, atmosphere and water are the major causes of weathering. Weathering breaks down and loosens the surface minerals of rock so they can be transported away by agents of erosion such as water, wind and ice. There are two types of weathering: mechanical and chemical. Mechanical Weathering Mechanical weathering is the disintegration of rock into smaller and smaller fragments. ", "Discuss the role of water in the three chemical weathering processes. Water plays an important role in the chemical reactions. It can liberate & transport ions from some minerals through dissolution. Water can also facilitate reactions such as rusting, an example of oxidation. Water may also directly react w/exposed minerals, producing new minerals that are stable at Earth's surface. The hydrolysis of feldspar to form kaolinite clay is an example", "Let's review. Chemical weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down by chemical reactions. There are different types of chemical weathering. Hydrolysis is the chemical breakdown of a substance when combined with water. The most common example of hydrolysis is feldspar in granite rocks changing to clay. This is a very slow process because lichens are slow-growing and the acid they produce is very weak. However, this is a common type of chemical weathering near rivers and streams. So we see that lichens break down rock by producing acid and we see a similar phenomenon with acid rain.", "Oxidation. Another type of chemical weathering is oxidation. Oxidation is the reaction of a substance with oxygen. You are probably familiar with oxidation because it is the process that causes rust. So just like your car turns to rust through oxidation, rocks can get rusty if they contain iron. This is a very slow process because lichens are slow-growing and the acid they produce is very weak. However, this is a common type of chemical weathering near rivers and streams. So we see that lichens break down rock by producing acid and we see a similar phenomenon with acid rain.", "Rocks may be more or less susceptible to weathering because of such things as composition or induration, the hardening of a rock through processes like increased temperature of formation, pressure of formation or cementation of particles by precipitated minerals. Supporting users have an ad free experience! ", "CHAPTER 6 (Weathering and Soil). 1. Weathering is a term which describes the general process by which rocks are broken down at the Earths surface into such things as sediments, clays, soils and substances that are dissolved in water. 2. The process of weathering typically begins when the earths crust is uplifted by tectonic forces. 10. Figure 6.5: As weathering breaks down a rock into smaller particles, the surface area increases so that the process of chemical weathering is accelerated. Dissolving of Minerals. 1. Slightly acidic rainwater can also react with non-silicates in a rock or soil.", "Weathering-the disintegration and decomposition of rocks on the surface of the earth. Mechanical weathering: rocks might break into many smaller pieces through physical processes Chemical weathering: chemical transformation of rock into one or more new compounds. Water plays an important role in the chemical reactions. It can liberate & transport ions from some minerals through dissolution. Water can also facilitate reactions such as rusting, an example of oxidation.", "weathering is the decay of the rocks of the earth's crust to the exposure to the atmosphere i.e., a process by which the rocks exposed on the surface get broken up into smalle … r particle. there are 2 types of weathering: 1.mechanical weathering 2.chemical weathering. Hard rocks, such as granite, weather more slowly than softer rocks, such as limestone. Differential weathering happens when softer rocks weathers away and leaves harder, more resistant rock. behind.", "Oxidation is the reaction of a substance with oxygen. This is the process that causes rust. When iron in rocks reacts with oxygen, it forms iron oxide, which weakens the rock. Carbonation is the mixing of water with carbon dioxide to make carbonic acid. This type of weathering is important in the formation of caves. This is a very slow process because lichens are slow-growing and the acid they produce is very weak. However, this is a common type of chemical weathering near rivers and streams. So we see that lichens break down rock by producing acid and we see a similar phenomenon with acid rain." ], "url": [ "http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/geo/basics/weathrng.htm", "https://quizlet.com/70577193/geology-ch-6-flash-cards/", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-chemical-weathering-definition-process-examples.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-chemical-weathering-definition-process-examples.html", "http://www.flashcardmachine.com/geology119.html", "http://www.uh.edu/%7Egeos6g/1330/weath.html", "https://quizlet.com/70577193/geology-ch-6-flash-cards/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_differential_weathering", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-chemical-weathering-definition-process-examples.html" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Find an Infectious Disease Specialist. However, there are relatively few cases of typhoid fever reported in the United States. Most U.S. cases occur in people who have traveled to developing countries or continents where it is particularly prevalent, such as India, Southeast Asia, Africa, and South America.", "Home Health. Typhoid is a severe, infectious and life-threatening disease. It is spread through unhygienic food, drinks and water where bacteria S.typhi develop which make person ill. Person who consume contaminated water exhibit symptoms of fever with severe complications. ", "Knowledge center. Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi. It is also known as enteric fever, or commonly just typhoid. Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever are clinically indistinguishable diseases, collectively called enteric fever. It easily spreads through contaminated food and water supplies and close contact with others who are infected", "Typhoid fever is a type of enteric fever along with paratyphoid fever. The cause is the bacterium Salmonella typhi, also known as Salmonella enterica serotype typhi, growing in the intestines and blood. Typhoid is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person. Risk factors include poor sanitation and poor hygiene. Typhoid fever, when properly treated, is not fatal in most cases. Antibiotics, such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin, and ciprofloxacin, have been commonly used to treat typhoid fever in microbiology.", "Typhoid fever is a serious disease spread by contaminated food and water. Symptoms of typhoid include lasting high fevers, weakness, stomach pains, headache, and loss of appetite. Some patients have constipation, and some have a rash. ", "Typhoid fever is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the intestine and lymphatic system. Rare in the United States, typhoid fever is common in developing countries, especially in areas with poor sanitation. Symptoms develop gradually over three weeks; fever, chills and headache occur first. 1 Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi, a bacterium that invades the wall of the small intestine. 2 Typhoid fever is spread by water and food contaminated with the fecal matter of an infected person.", "Typhoid fever is an illness caused by Salmonella Typhi bacteria. Persons with typhoid fever carry the bacteria in their bloodstream and/or intestinal tract. What are the symptoms of a typhoid fever? Typical symptoms include sustained fever, headaches, diarrhea (uncommon) or constipation, fatigue, loss of appetite, and rose-colored spots on the body. The symptoms can be mild or very severe.", "Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a symptomatic bacterial infection due to Salmonella typhi. Symptoms may vary from mild to severe and usually begin six to thirty days after exposure. Typhoid fever, when properly treated, is not fatal in most cases. Antibiotics, such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin, and ciprofloxacin, have been commonly used to treat typhoid fever in microbiology.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. Typhoid is an infectious disease. Typhoid is transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person, which contain the bacterium Salmonella typhi, serotype Typhi. An infectious disease is one that can be spread from person to person (or animal to animal). Where a medical condition is caused by a virus, bacteria, or parasite, their r … eproduction poses a threat to those in contact with the sufferer, or in the same surroundings." ], "url": [ "http://www.healthgrades.com/conditions/typhoid-fever", "http://www.causeindia.com/health/typhoid.php", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/156859.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoid_fever", "http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/typhoid", "http://www.healthcommunities.com/infectious-diseases/typhoid-fever.shtml", "http://health.hawaii.gov/docd/dib/disease/typhoid/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoid_fever", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_typhoid_an_infectious_or_non-infectious_disease" ] }

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[ "A didgeridoo is a long wooden trumpet-like instrument used by the Aboriginal peoples of Australia. A real didgeridoo is made of a hollow wooden branch with a beeswax mouthpiece." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "We also have a page about eucalyptus didgeridoo care. Also, be sure to look at our didgeridoo in the news page with lots of fun and interesting stories! Don't forget to like our Didgeridoo Store Facebook page for news and special offers and check out our Didgeridoo Store Youtube videos!", "The didgeridoo (/ˌdɪdʒəriːˈduː/) (also known as a didjeridu) is a wind instrument developed by Indigenous Australians of northern Australia potentially within the last 1,500 years and still in widespread use today both in Australia and around the world.", "A didgeridoo is a long wooden trumpet-like instrument used by the Aboriginal peoples of Australia. A real didgeridoo is made of a hollow wooden branch with a beeswax mouthpiece. You and your students can make your very own didgeridoo using offcuts of PVC (plumbing) pipe or wrapping paper tubes. Identification : Historical : Creation : Appreciation 1 : Students will discover a new way to create music.", "Melanoma is a type of cancer that begins in melanocytes (cells that make the pigment melanin). Below are photos of melanoma that formed on the skin. Melanoma can also start in the eye, the intestines, or other areas of the body with pigmented tissues.", "If the color, size, shape, or height of a mole changes or if it starts to itch, bleed, or ooze, people should tell their doctor. People should also tell their doctor if they see a new mole that doesn't look like their other moles. The photos below show the difference between common moles and dysplastic nevi.", "Once the drone is going on the didgeridoo try tightening and loosening your lips and moving your tongue into the letter E position slightly to change the pitch. If for example a didgeridoo is tuned to key of C you should be able to vary the key from C sharp to C flat with just lip pressure.", "While playing Didgeridoo, traditionally Aborigines mimic the sounds of their surroundings. These sounds can be mixed with droning to create rhythms, which is how the Didgeridoo is used as a rhythm wind instrument. The Kangaroo Hop. Keep the drone going on the didgeridoo and quickly say the letter D. Tap the roof of your mouth with the tip of your tongue while you do it." ], "url": [ "http://didgeridoostore.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didgeridoo", "http://www.kinderart.com/multic/didgeridoo.shtml", "http://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/melanoma-photos", "http://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/mole-photos/", "http://www.didgeridoostore.com/soundsrhythms.html", "http://www.didgeridoostore.com/soundsrhythms.html" ] }

[]

[ "About 28 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "That is when she will start sitting on them, all day for 28 days. (except muscovys are a little longer sitting, either 30 or 31) Although, she will leave nest for about 1/2 hour a day to eat, drink and bathe in water, and go back to the nest all wet.", "incubated for 27-28 days to hatching with 50-60 days to fledging so 50-60 days i guess. At best, this is an ill formed answer, as it is not accurate. Duck eggs hatch dependi … ng on the species of duck. Mallard ducks can hatch as early as 25 days, they do not follow the 28 scenario.", "It takes 28 days for duck eggs to hatch.....and it takes 21 days for baby chicks to hatch and you can only put 12 eggs under neath a chicken..", "Most ducks incubate and hatch their eggs in about 28 days. If your duck has been sitting on her eggs for 5 or more weeks, the eggs are likely infertile. If this is the case, y … ou should remove the infertile eggs so the mother duck can get back to feeding and exercizing.", "Duckling Hatching Basics Hatching ducklings has become a popular variation to hatching baby chicks each year. Here are a few Duckling Hatching Basics: Holding Eggs Before the Incubation Period Fertile eggs can be held for about a week after laid before incubation without a problem.", "Hatching can take place over several days. For chickens, run the incubator for 24 days (3 days more than normal hatch time). For ducks and turkeys run the incubator for 32 days (4", "Ducks. For information on raising ducklings, go to Raising Ducklings and Goslings. Duck eggs take 28-30 days to hatch, except for Muscovy eggs, which take 35 days. If you find a wild duck's nest on your property and don't see the mother on the eggs, don't necessarily worry.", "It takes around 28 days for ducks to hatch. However has been known to take up to 35-36 days for certain breeds. some times it takes 40 days i had a duck that had eggs in my … back yard i had a chart list and it was 40 days (sometimes it dose not). + 52 others found this useful. Tammy Shehan." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_a_mother_duck_to_hatch_baby_ducks", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_for_a_baby_duck_hatch", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_a_mother_duck_to_hatch_baby_ducks", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_a_mother_duck_to_hatch_baby_ducks", "http://ucanr.edu/sites/placercounty4h/files/178121.pdf", "http://www.nantahala-farm.com/chicken-duck-hatch-eggs-s.shtml", "http://www.feathersite.com/Poultry/Ducks/BRKDucks.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_a_mother_duck_to_hatch_baby_ducks" ] }

[]

[ "Organ of corti" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "These impulses are picked up by the 8th cranial nerve and carried to the brain. Conditions that can afflict the sensory receptors for hearing include deterioration of the hair cells, aging, chronic exposure to loud noise, nerve deafness, and trauma.", "The inner ear contains the sensory organs for hearing and balance. The cochlea is the hearing part of the inner ear. The semicircular canals in the inner ear are part of our balance system. The cochlea is a bony structure shaped like a snail and filled with two fluids (endolymph and perilymph). The Organ of Corti is the sensory receptor inside the cochlea which holds the hair cells, the nerve receptors for hearing. The mechanical energy from movement of the middle ear bones pushes in a membrane (the oval window) in the cochlea. This force moves the cochlea's fluids that, in turn, stimulate tiny hair cells.", "In the mammalian ear the sensory receptors (hair cells) for hearing are in the cochlea and for ballance are in the semicircular canals. Both the cochlea and semicircular canal … s are part of the inner ear. inner.", "Sensory Receptors for Hearing: The sensory receptors for hearing are specialized types of sensory receptors that are located in the inner ear.", "In the mammalian ear the sensory receptors (hair cells) for hearing are in the cochlea and for ballance are in the semicircular canals. Both the cochlea and semicircular canal … s are part of the inner ear. inner." ], "url": [ "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/organ/sensory_receptors_for_hearing.htm", "http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Inner-Ear/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_sensory_receptor_for_hearing", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/organ/sensory_receptors_for_hearing.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_sensory_receptors_for_the_ear" ] }

[]

[ "Diaphragm" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "This is a broad flat muscle. (muscular) diaphragm The diaphragm is a muscle that separat … e the thoracic from the abdominal cavity. The pelvis is the lowest part of the abdominal cavity and it has no physical separation from it Diaphragm. + 31 others found this useful. Natasha Patterson. ", "The diaphragm is a dome-shaped structure of muscle and fibrous tissue that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen. As a dome, the diaphragm has peripheral attachments to structures that make up the abdominal and chest walls. The muscle fibres from these attachments converge in a central tendon, which forms the crest of the dome.", "The origins of the diaphragm are found along the lumbar vertebrae of the spine and the inferior border of the ribs and sternum. Openings in the diaphragm allow the esophagus, phrenic and vagus nerves, descending aorta, and inferior vena cava to pass between the thoracic and abdominal cavities.... When we inhale, the diaphragm contracts and is drawn inferiorly into the abdominal cavity until it is flat. At the same time, the external intercostal muscles between the ribs elevate the anterior rib cage like the handle of a bucket. The thoracic cavity becomes deeper and larger, drawing in air from the atmosphere.", "Structure [edit]. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped structure of muscle and fibrous tissue that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen. The dome curves upwards. The superior surface of the dome forms the floor of the thoracic cavity, and the inferior surface the roof of the abdominal cavity. As a dome, the diaphragm has peripheral attachments to structures that make up the abdominal and chest walls. The muscle fibres from these attachments converge in a central tendon, which forms the crest of the dome.", "Remember that the diaphragm separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity and it aids in breathing. 2. Remove the pericardium, which is a membrane that surrounds the heart. This membrane is also located over many of the organs and can get in the way of your view. 3. The structures visible on the heart are the two atria, the ventricle (which has two chambers but the separation is not visible from the outside), and the large Aorta-a vessel which leaves the heart. In this activity, you will open the abdominal and thoracic cavity of the fetal pig and identify structures. Remember, that to dissect means to expose to view - a careful dissection will make it easier for you to find the organs and structures. Be sure to follow all directions.", "15 Serous Membranes & Cavities Body Cavities The major cavities of the body are withinthe trunk. They contain visceral organs andserous membrane cavities:Thoracic cavity — is lined byendothoracic fascia.Abdominal & pelvic cavities — arelined by transversalis fascia. In the adult, serouscavities are: the pericardial cavity, two pleural cavities, and the peritoneal cavity (including vaginalcavity extensions of the peritoneal cavity).Acquiring a three-dimensional understanding of howserous cavities are formed is a challenging exercise.", "A few organs, such as the kidneys and pancreas, lie between the peritoneal lining and the muscular wall of the abdominal cavity. Those organs are said to be retroperitoneal (retro, behind). The pelvic cavity is the portion of the ventral body cavity inferior to the abdominal cavity. The diaphragm, a flat muscular sheet, divides the ventral body cavity into a superior thoracic cavity, bounded by the chest wall, and an inferior abdominopelvic cavity, enclosed by the abdominal wall and by the bones and muscles of the pelvis.", "We also have a hollow chest, or thoracic cavity for the heart and lungs. We have a hollow abdominal cavity for the intestines and digestive organs. There is also the pelvic cavity housing primarily the reproductive organs in the female. So hopefully you can agree that we do consist of many hollow compartments. ", "Thorax and Abdomen. Here the organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities have been exposed. The midventral strip of tissue lying between a pair of lateral incisions contains the umbilical arteries, urinary bladder, and, in the male, the penis. In this image, it has been cut to open the cavitites. The body cavity in which the thoracic and abdominal organs are situated is called the coelom. It is completely lined with a shiny coelomic epithelium which also covers all of the internal organs.", "The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity containing the heart and lungs, from the abdominal cavity and performs an important function in respiration: as the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs. As a dome, the diaphragm has peripheral attachments to structures that make up the abdominal and chest walls. The muscle fibres from these attachments converge in a central tendon, which forms the crest of the dome." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_differences_between_thoracic_and_abdominal_cavity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm", "http://www.innerbody.com/image/musc06.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm", "http://www.usd388.k12.ks.us/highschool/faculty/david_wildeman/Old%20Website/Mammals/Pig%20Dissection.htm", "http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/TFFlectPDFs/LectSerousCavities.pdf", "http://wps.aw.com/wps/media/objects/451/462581/CH01/html/ch1_5_2.html", "http://homepage.smc.edu/wissmann_paul/anatomy1textbook/1anatomytextch1.html", "http://bio.rutgers.edu/~gb102/lab_9/903am.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm" ] }

[]

[ "$145,020" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "This chart describes the expected percentage of people who perform the job of Certified Nurse Anesthetist in New York, NY that make less than that salary. For example 50% of the people who perform the job of Certified Nurse Anesthetist in New York are expected to make less than the median. For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Certified Nurse Anesthetist in the United States is $196,496 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Certified Nurse Anesthetist in the United States are expected to make less than $196,496. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. 1 Salary. 2 Bonus", "Average Crna salaries for job postings in New York, NY are 36% higher than average Crna salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "Average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings in New York are 21% higher than average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings nationwide. The average salary ranks 2nd among states in the country. Average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings in New Hampshire are 1% lower than average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings nationwide. The average salary ranks 17th", "$189,000. Average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings in New York, NY are 36% higher than average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings nationwide. Nurse Anesthetist in New York, NY. Average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings in New York, NY are 36% higher than average Nurse Anesthetist salaries for job postings nationwide.", "According to the 2010 Locum Tenens CRNA Salary Report, the average nurse anesthetist salary was $166,833. Imagine if you were just “average” and were bringing in $166,833 per year for doing something that you truly love… helping others. Imagine the new possibilities now available to you and your loved ones. Average Nurse Anesthetist Salary in Oklahoma: $170k. Of the 50 states in the US, Oklahoma has the lowest cost of living, and is, therefore, ranked #1 on the cost of living scale. Combine that with a Nurse Anesthetist Salary that’s slightly higher than average, and you’ll be living like royalty.", "CRNA salaries, like those of other professions, may vary by state. In Arizona, the average CRNA salary for 2011 was $152,100, while CRNAs in California earned $182,520 and those in Massachusetts earned $196,040, according to the Nurse Anesthetist Schools Guide. However, the cost of living in a state can quickly erode a high CRNA salary. A CRNA must have a master’s degree in nurse anesthesia. Students must have a bachelor’s degree, current license as a registered nurse and at least one year of experience in an acute care setting such as a hospital to enter a CRNA program. Most CRNA programs last from two to three years.", "A Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) in New York, New York earns an average salary of $145,020 per year. Most people with this job move on to other positions after 20 years in this field. Pay for this job does not change much between less experienced and more experienced workers. $97,871 - $170,473. ", "Average Nurse Anesthetist Salary in Arkansas: $153k. Arkansas is a great state to live in if you practice Nurse Anesthesia. Though CRNA salaries are slightly below the national average, the cost of living is fifth lowest in the nation. Average Nurse Anesthetist Salary in Oklahoma: $170k. Of the 50 states in the US, Oklahoma has the lowest cost of living, and is, therefore, ranked #1 on the cost of living scale. Combine that with a Nurse Anesthetist Salary that’s slightly higher than average, and you’ll be living like royalty." ], "url": [ "http://www1.salary.com/NY/New-York/Certified-Nurse-Anesthetist-CRNA-salary.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Crna-l-New-York,-NY.html", "http://nursejournal.org/nurse-anesthetist/nursing-anesthetist-careers-salary-outlook/", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Nurse-Anesthetist-l-New-York,-NY.html", "http://www.all-crna-schools.com/nurse-anesthetist-salary.html", "http://work.chron.com/salary-certified-registered-nurse-anesthetist-crna-9617.html", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Nurse_Anesthetist_(CRNA)/Salary/a0457543/New-York-NY", "http://www.all-crna-schools.com/nurse-anesthetist-salary.html" ] }

[]

[ "In Wilson County, Texas, United States.", "Wilson County, Texas, United States.", "Wilson County, Texas." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "City of Stockdale (TX) cannot be paid online. Check the website for City of Stockdale (TX) for additional bill pay information at www.stockdaletx.org. You may also contactl City of Stockdale (TX) by phone at 830-996-3128. doxo is not an affiliate of City of Stockdale (TX). Logos and other trademarks within this site are the property of their respective owners. Learn how doxo works. 1 Add to Your Accounts. 2 Online Login. 3 Pay Bill. 4 Customer Service. 5 Website.", "Search the City of Stockdale, public records using best found research sources online. This City zip code is 78160 with a total population of 1,442. Look up recorded information of Stockdale, including demographics and local economy. Link to all levels of Stockdale, government and their sites with services which provide public information. Current economy, business and housing data. Read about up to date current events and what is occurring in the City of Stockdale. Find out about the background of residents and recorded statistics.", "The median income for a household in the city was $30,337, and the median income for a family was $39,667. Males had a median income of $29,583 versus $20,395 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,102. Stockdale is located at 29°14′0″N 97°57′43″W / 29.23333°N 97.96194°W / 29.23333; -97.96194 (29.233371, -97.961987). This is 25 miles south of Seguin and 40 miles southeast of Downtown San Antonio. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.2 km²), all of it land.", "Stockdale is a city in Wilson County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,693 at the 2010 census. It is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area. Stockdale is located at 29°14′0″N 97°57′43″W / 29.23333°N 97.96194°W / 29.23333; -97.96194 (29.233371, -97.961987). This is 25 miles south of Seguin and 40 miles southeast of Downtown San Antonio. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.2 km²), all of it land.", "Latest news from Stockdale, TX collected exclusively by city-data.com from local newspapers, TV, and radio stations. Ancestries: German (19.5%), Irish (9.2%), English (8.8%), Scotch-Irish (5.1%), Polish (3.5%), French (2.8%). Current Local Time: CST time zone. Elevation: 440 feet. Land area: 1.62 square miles. Nearest city with pop. 50,000+: San Antonio, TX (36.5 miles, pop. 1,144,646). Nearest cities: Nixon, TX (3.5 miles), La Vernia, TX (3.6 miles), Poth, TX (3.6 miles), Floresville, TX (3.7 miles), Gillett, TX (3.8 miles), Falls City, TX (4.2 miles), New Berlin, TX (4.2 miles), Smiley, TX (4.4 miles).", "City of Stockdale (TX) does not provide an online login to view or update your account. For questions about your account, please contact City of Stockdale (TX) directly. doxo is not an affiliate of City of Stockdale (TX). Logos and other trademarks within this site are the property of their respective owners. Learn how doxo works. 1 Add to Your Accounts. 2 Online Login. 3 Pay Bill. 4 Customer Service. 5 Website.", "Snagajob has great opportunities with the area's leading companies. And applying for Stockdale jobs has never been easier. Look at the job listings below, click on a job title that interests you and hit the apply now button. Part-time jobs, teen jobs, student jobs and summer jobs are now just a click away. Start your job search now" ], "url": [ "https://www.doxo.com/info/city-stockdale-tx", "http://www.open-public-records.com/texas/stockdale_data.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockdale,_Texas", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockdale,_Texas", "http://www.city-data.com/city/Stockdale-Texas.html", "https://www.doxo.com/info/city-stockdale-tx", "http://www.snagajob.com/jobs/texas/stockdale_jobs.html" ] }

[]

[ "A postal code is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail. Once postal codes were introduced, other applications became possible." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The noun POSTAL CODE has 1 sense: 1. a code of letters and digits added to a postal address to aid in the sorting of mail. Familiarity information: POSTAL CODE used as a noun is very rare.", "Postal code. A postal code is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail. Once postal codes were introduced, other applications became possible. In February 2005, 117 of the 190 member countries of the Universal Postal Union had postal code systems.", "1. Canadian a code of letters and digits used as part of a postal address to aid the sorting of mail. Also called (in Britain and certain other countries): postcode US equivalent: zip code.", "1. postal code-a code of letters and digits added to a postal address to aid in the sorting of mail. postcode, ZIP code, ZIP. code-a coding system used for transmitting messages requiring brevity or secrecy.", "postcode. n. 1. Brit and Austral a code of letters and digits used as part of a postal address to aid the sorting of mail. Also called: postal code US equivalent: zip code.", "noun. ( 1 Canadian) a code of letters and digits used as part of a postal address to aid the sorting of mail. 2 Also called (in Britain and certain other countries) : : postcode.", "A postal code is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail. Once postal codes were introduced, other applications became possible. In February 2005, 117 of the 190 member countries of the Universal Postal Union had postal code systems." ], "url": [ "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/postal_code.htm", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/postal%20code", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/postal+code", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/postal+code", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/postcode", "http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/postal-code", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/postal%20code" ] }

[]

[ "The undergraduate curriculum in speech pathology and audiology is a four-year program leading to a bachelor of science degree." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Speech-Language Pathology. Ranked in 2012 | Speech-Language Pathology Rankings Methodology. Speech-language pathology is a competitive field for those who wish to help people with communication disorders, swallowing difficulties, voice pitch problems and more. These are the top speech-language pathology programs", "Speech-Language Pathology. Ranked in 2012 | Speech-Language Pathology Rankings Methodology. Speech-language pathology is a competitive field for those who wish to help people with communication disorders, swallowing difficulties, voice pitch problems and more. These are the top speech-language pathology programs. ", "The undergraduate program prepares students for a graduate degree in speech-pathology, but many pathologists receive undergraduate degrees in other fields. Admission requirements to graduate programs vary and the field is highly competitive. Bachelor's Degree Programs in Speech-Language Pathology: Speech language pathology, sometimes called speech therapy, is a field of medicine concentrating on treatments and techniques necessary for helping patients with a range of oral and auditory disorders.", "Individuals looking for an undergraduate education in speech-language pathology may pursue a bachelor's degree. Designed to teach students how to assess and treat speech, language, and swallowing disorders, programs incorporate various subjects, including audiology and physiology. Bachelor's Degree Programs in Speech-Language Pathology: Speech language pathology, sometimes called speech therapy, is a field of medicine concentrating on treatments and techniques necessary for helping patients with a range of oral and auditory disorders.", "The University of Iowa ranks as the best speech pathology school with an impressive Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology. Undergraduate programs include a Bachelor s degree in Speech and Hearing Science as a prerequisite to graduate degrees. Speech pathology schools for those who are looking into a career as a speech and language pathologist can be found all over the country and usually offered as Bachelor degree programs in Health Care Studies.", "Essential Information. Degrees in pathology are typically only available at the graduate level and qualify graduates for careers in biomedical research or teaching. Both master's and doctoral degree programs call for classroom work as well as extensive research and writing in the field. Pathology Degree and Certificate Program Information. Students in pathology degree programs learn to diagnose diseases by examining human tissue and organs. Professionals and graduate students interested in specializing in pathology typically pursue master's or doctorate's degrees in pathology.", "Bachelor of Science. Completion of the undergraduate Bachelor of Science degree in speech pathology and audiology prepares the student for the graduate level education needed to work in either field. ", "The undergraduate curriculum in speech pathology and audiology is a four-year program leading to a bachelor of science degree. This program entails eight semesters of course work, including approximately 50 clock hours of clinical practicum. ", "Whether you are a high school student or undergraduate student, it is not too early to think about an exciting career in communication sciences and disorders (CSD). Careers in audiology, speech-language pathology, and speech and hearing sciences offer a variety of work settings and patient/client populations. " ], "url": [ "http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-health-schools/pathology-rankings", "http://grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-health-schools/pathology-rankings/page+2", "http://study.com/articles/Speech_Language_Pathology_Undergraduate_Program_Options.html", "http://study.com/articles/Speech_Language_Pathology_Undergraduate_Program_Options.html", "http://www.speechpathologyschools.net/", "http://study.com/pathology_degree.html", "http://www.wmich.edu/speech-audiology/academics/undergrad/", "http://www.marquette.edu/speech-pathology-audiology/undergraduate.shtml", "http://www.asha.org/Students/Planning-Your-Education-in-CSD/" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Report Abuse. laser printers have toner cartridges that contain the ink in forms of powder. When printing, the ink powder gets put on the page, and the laser on the drum kind of melts the ink on to the page. Thats how you get such good quality on the paper.", "When the drum in your Canon laser printer begins to go bad, it won't be able to hold the toner properly. The excess toner will fall off the drum onto the printed pages, leaving specks of toner at first.", "The drum is at the heart of your laser printer. It picks up toner using a static charge and then distributes it to the paper. First the entire drum is given a negative charge which repels toner. A laser decreases the charge everywhere it fires, which makes it attractive to toner.", "What I should have taken home was a laser printer. Laser printers use toner, which is a powder, instead of ink. The powder is applied to the paper on demand and then pressed through two 300-degree rollers, which melt it onto the page.", "There is no ink in powder form. Nor does a laser on a drum do the work of melting toner to the page. Corona wires supply the drum's latent image, toner adheres to these areas electrostatically, the toner is transferred from the drum to the paper electrostatically, and adhered to the paper with heat.", "ColorTonerExpert.com, the trusted remanufactured laser toner cartridges specialist, delivers first-rate laser toner cartridges for your printer brands like HP, Brother, Dell, Lexmark and other known brands. All our products are quality-tested to meet the performance and page-yield of their OEM counterparts." ], "url": [ "https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080403155022AAN6z13", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/symptoms-bad-drum-canon-laser-printer-34729.html", "http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/printer-drum-bad-8974.html", "http://gizmodo.com/5894817/why-printers-suck-and-what-you-can-do-about-it", "https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080403155022AAN6z13", "http://blog.colortonerexpert.com/do-laser-toner-cartridges-expire/" ] }

[]

[ "£20 billion." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The UK government estimates that total fraud across the whole of the economy amounts to £73 billion a year. UK government figures for 2012 estimate benefits overpaid due to fraud is £1.2 billion and tax credit fraud is £380 million. So just under £1.6 billion in total; less than 1% of the overall benefits and tax credits expenditure and less than benefits underpaid and overpaid due to error. So to get some perspective, benefit fraud represents 2% of the estimated total annual fraud in the UK. Public sector fraud, which includes benefit fraud, is £20.3 billion a year, so within this category it accounts for just under 8%.", "Most qualified and reputable tax attorneys will charge their clients on an hourly basis for all services rendered. This will typically be an hourly charge of between $200 and $400. In most cases, a tax attorney will require that their client make a prepayment, which is known as a retainer. This retainer will be a prepayment based on the number of hours that your tax attorney believes they will be working on your behalf", "Tax evasion will cost the U.S. government $305 billion in 2010 and has cost $3 trillion over the past decade. It is a major contributor to budget deficits and the accumulation of national debt since 2001. Tax evasion also costs state treasuries billions of dollars. For instance, Olson estimates the average honest taxpayer pays a surtax of $2,680 to subsidize all the tax cheats -- an estimate made before the release of the IRS latest analysis of how much money the U.S. Treasury loses to tax evasion -- $385 billion in 2006.", "It’s hard to wrap my head around how much money that is. Congress was recently unable to agree on a plan to reduce the national deficit by $1 trillion over 10 years. Over the same time period, tax evasion will cost us well over $3.3 trillion. I’m a big proponent of everyone following the tax rules. When we don’t, it means that everyone else has to pick up the slack. Because of this fraud, tax rates are likely higher and future generations will be paying for current expenses. It’s really easy to hide money from the IRS. After I sold my HP TouchPad for $100 profit, it would be really hard for the IRS to track down how much I paid, how much I sold it for on eBay, and how much of a profit I made.", "The majority of this £20 billion is tax fraud which costs the economy £14 billion annually, or 69%. So we can see that both in absolute and percentage terms tax fraud is a much bigger issue than benefit fraud. So to get some perspective, benefit fraud represents 2% of the estimated total annual fraud in the UK. Public sector fraud, which includes benefit fraud, is £20.3 billion a year, so within this category it accounts for just under 8%.", "1 In total, insurance fraud costs more than $96.8 billion a year. 2 Conservative estimates place the cost of property/casualty insurance fraud at $20 billion a year. 3 Health insurance fraud estimates top $61 billion a year. 4 Life insurance fraud exceeds $11.8 billion a year. 1 Auto physical damage fraud reaches about $3 billion each year. 2 Disability insurance fraud is estimated to account for $1 billion each year. 3 Insurance fraud is estimated to be the second largest economic crime in America, exceeded only by tax evasion.", "In the United States, the IRS estimate of the 2001 tax gap was $345 billion. For 2006, the tax gap is estimated to be $450 billion. A more recent study estimates the 2008 tax gap in the range of $450 to $500 billion, and unreported income to be approximately $2 trillion. Thus, 18 to 19 percent of total reportable income is not properly reported to the IRS.", "Department of Work and Pensions estimates benefit fraud costs £1bn a year (p11). Putting that in some kind of perspective, the department expects to spend a total of £148bn on benefits, including income support, housing benefit, disability and unemployment payments and more. The claim “Welfare and tax credit fraud and error costs the taxpayer £5.2bn a year.” David Cameron, article for the Manchester Evening News, 10 August 2010. Cathy Newman checks it out. The Sun’s dubbed David Cameron a “£5bn scambuster”." ], "url": [ "http://www.cas.org.uk/features/myth-busting-real-figures-benefit-fraud", "http://www.trustedtaxattorney.net/how-much-does-a-tax-attorney-cost/", "http://www.cheatingculture.com/tax-evasion/", "http://sweatingthebigstuff.com/tax-evasion-costs-over-300-billion-each-year/", "http://www.cas.org.uk/features/myth-busting-real-figures-benefit-fraud", "https://www.erieinsurance.com/about-us/insurance-fraud/cost", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_evasion_in_the_United_States", "http://blogs.channel4.com/factcheck/how-much-does-benefit-fraud-cost/3423" ] }

[]

[ "To count in the ratios at level 3, staff holding an early years educator qualification must also have achieved GCSEs in English and maths at grade C or above." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Our Early Years Qualifications Finder is a searchable list of qualifications. Both providers and those wanting to work in an early years setting can use it to check whether qualifications can be counted in the ratio of qualified staff.", ". Most of the staff working in the early years will be early years educators. From September 2014, qualifications that are full and relevant for the purposes of the ratios at level 3 must meet the new early years educator criteria. Staff who hold an early years educator qualification must also have at least a GCSE grade C in English and maths. The new early years educator criteria won’t be applied retrospectively. Staff holding existing full and relevant qualifications will still be able to practice in early years educator roles.", "Qualifications started after September 2014. Practitioners who registered for a qualification from 1 September 2014 must hold a qualification that meets the early years educator criteria to be considered full and relevant and to be counted in the level 3 ratios.", "You will need to complete one of these new qualifications if you want to be counted in the staff-to-children ratios at Level 3. Some examples include: 1 Level 3 Diploma in Childcare and Education (Early Years Educator). 2 Level 3 Diploma For the Early Years Practitioner", "To count in the ratios at level 3, staff holding an early years educator qualification must also have achieved GCSEs in English and maths at grade C or above. A qualification that has ‘ early years educator’ in its title or offers an ‘early years educator’ pathway is considered full and relevant.", "Introduction. The Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) sets out the requirements for staff to child ratios in settings delivering the EYFS and the qualification levels that practitioners must hold." ], "url": [ "https://www.gov.uk/guidance/early-years-qualifications-finder", "https://www.gov.uk/guidance/early-years-qualifications-finder", "http://www.education.gov.uk/eypqd/level3.shtml", "https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/nurseryworker.aspx", "http://www.education.gov.uk/eypqd/", "http://www.education.gov.uk/eypqd/" ] }

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[ "Right or opportune moment, Weather" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "What does Kairos mean. Kairos is an ancient Greek word meaning the right or opportune moment (the supreme moment). The ancient Greeks had two words for time, chronos and kairos. While the former refers to chronological or sequential time, the latter signifies a time in between, a moment of undetermined period of time in which something special happens. What the special something is depends on who is using the word.", "Kairos. Kairos is an ancient Greek word meaning the right or opportune moment. The ancient Greeks had two words for time, chronos and kairos. While the former refers to chronological or sequential time, the latter signifies a time between, a moment of indeterminate time in which something special happens. What the special something is depends on who is using the word.", "Kairos (καιρός) is an ancient Greek word meaning the right or opportune moment. Kairos also means weather in both ancient and modern Greek.", "Kairos (καιρός) is an ancient Greek word meaning the right or opportune moment (the supreme moment). The ancient Greeks had two words for time, chronos and kairos. While the former refers to chronological or sequential time, the latter signifies a time lapse, a moment of indeterminate time in which everything happens." ], "url": [ "http://www.kairosiea.org/what-does-kairos-mean.html", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/kairos", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_kairos_mean_in_English", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kairos" ] }

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[ "3 weeks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Best Answer: A tattoo will surface heal in approx. one week, varying from person to person, but the healing process beneath will take 1-3 months, during which time strong sunlight and extremes of temperature should be avoided. Make sure you clean your tattoo and use an oniment such as Savlon whilst it's still healing.", "best answer about four weeks how long a tattoo takes to heal depends on your immune system how detailed the tattoo and the size of the tattoo it can take a couple of weeks to around a month", "1 The initial healing of the tattoo will take up to two weeks. 2 During this time, you can expect the tattoo to start peeling or flaking, in a similar way to sunburn. 3 Some colored skin may come away as the tattoo peels, but this is completely normal.", "My last tattoo healed blazing fast (6 days) however, I still have extra care on it (it's the 10th day) A tattoo usually takes 2-3 weeks to heal completely, and you should wait at least a month for long showers, hot tube, etc...", "Although people tend to heal at different rates, the first healing stage of a tattoo usually lasts about one week as long as an infection doesn't set in. If you find the pain is more than you expected, you can take an over-the-counter pain reliever.", "A: Complete healing of a tattoo generally takes between one to three weeks on average. This time frame varies based on the size, location and complexity of the tattoo, as well as how closely correct aftercare procedures are followed. Know More.", "Report Abuse. Well mine is medium-sized and took about 3 weeks to completely heal. Tattoos usually take about 30 days to completely heal. It will scab up quite a bit, maybe more for you since you scab easily. But just remember to clean it as you're supposed to and DO NOT pick the scabs. It will ruin your tattoo." ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080912045136AA098FD", "http://www.tattoo-designs-tips.com/how-long-does-does-a-tattoo-take-to-heal.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Care-for-a-New-Tattoo", "https://malaysia.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080312181629AAbeAPY", "http://tattoos.lovetoknow.com/Healing_Stages_of_Tattoos", "http://www.ask.com/beauty-fashion/long-tattoo-fully-heal-8966dadd5a9b181e", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080607003915AAmb3S5" ] }

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[ "Skew lines, lines that are neither parallel nor intersecting." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Skewed to the Right. Data that are skewed to the right have a long tail that extends to the right. An alternate way of talking about a data set skewed to the right is to say that it is positively skewed. In this situation the mean and the median are both greater than the mode. As a general rule, most of the time for data skewed to the right, the mean will be greater than the median.", "This explains why data skewed to the right has positive skewness. If the data set is skewed to the right, the mean is greater than the mode, and so subtracting the mode from the mean gives a positive number. A similar argument explains why data skewed to the left has negative skewness. An alternate way of talking about a data set skewed to the right is to say that it is positively skewed. In this situation the mean and the median are both greater than the mode. As a general rule, most of the time for data skewed to the right, the mean will be greater than the median.", "In mathematics 1 : Skew lines, lines that are neither parallel nor intersecting. 2 Skew-symmetric matrix, a square matrix whose transpose is also its negative. 3 Skew-Hermitian matrix, a complex square matrix whose conjugate transpose is also its negative. 4 Infinite skew polyhedron, an extension of the concept of polyhedra. 1 Skew-Hermitian matrix, a complex square matrix whose conjugate transpose is also its negative. 2 Infinite skew polyhedron, an extension of the concept of polyhedra. 3 Skew-symmetric graph, a directed graph that is isomorphic to its own transpose graph. 4 Skew polygon, a polygon whose vertices do not lie on a plane.", "1 This situation is also called negative skewness. 2 When a distribution is skewed to the right (blue dotted curve), the tail on the curve's right-hand side is longer than the tail on the left-hand side, and the mean is greater than the mode. 3 This situation is also called positive skewness. Skewness can be quantified to define the extent to which a distribution differs from a normal distribution. In a normal distribution, the graph appears as a classical, symmetrical bell-shaped curve.. The mean, or average, and the mode, or maximum point on the curve, are equal.", "A further characterization of the data includes skewness and kurtosis. Skewness is a measure of symmetry, or more precisely, the lack of symmetry. A distribution, or data set, is symmetric if it looks the same to the left and right of the center point. Kurtosis is a measure of whether the data are peaked or flat relative to a normal distribution. That is, data sets with high kurtosis tend to have a distinct peak near the mean, decline rather rapidly, and have heavy tails. Data sets with low kurtosis tend to have a flat top near the mean rather than a sharp peak.", "In probability theory and statistics, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or even undefined. The qualitative interpretation of the skew is complicated. ", "Skewness is asymmetry in a statistical distribution, in which the curve appears distorted or skewed either to the left or to the right. Skewness can be quantified to define the extent to which a distribution differs from a normal distribution. In a normal distribution, the graph appears as a classical, symmetrical bell-shaped curve.. The mean, or average, and the mode, or maximum point on the curve, are equal.", "DEFINITION of 'Skewness'. Describe asymmetry from the normal distribution in a set of statistical data. Skewness can come in the form of negative skewness or positive skewness, depending on whether data points are skewed to the left (negative skew) or to the right (positive skew) of the data average. Next Up. Skewness risk is the risk that a model assumes a normal distribution of data when in fact data is skewed to the left or right of the mean.", "1 When a distribution is skewed to the right (blue dotted curve), the tail on the curve's right-hand side is longer than the tail on the left-hand side, and the mean is greater than the mode. 2 This situation is also called positive skewness. Skewness can be quantified to define the extent to which a distribution differs from a normal distribution. In a normal distribution, the graph appears as a classical, symmetrical bell-shaped curve.. The mean, or average, and the mode, or maximum point on the curve, are equal." ], "url": [ "http://statistics.about.com/od/Descriptive-Statistics/a/What-Is-Skewness.htm", "http://statistics.about.com/od/Descriptive-Statistics/a/What-Is-Skewness.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/skewness", "http://itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda35b.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/skewness", "http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/skewness.asp", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/skewness" ] }

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[ "Wilson Blade 104" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Confidence votes 79. Serena Williams uses the Wilson Blade Team BLX racket. This is one of several models of Wilson BLX rackets that use fibers from basalt, a volcanic rock, in the racket body. These fibers make the racket stronger, but they also reduce vibration that comes from hitting the ball. The addition of basalt to [K] Factor technology resulted in the BLX series. Serena uses natural gut string in her Wilson BLX racket. This string has a better feel and provides more power, but it's more expensive (not a concern for Ms. Williams) and can be damaged by water or even high humidity. Some natural gut string comes with a coating to protect it from moisture damage", "Report Abuse. Serena Williams and her sister Venus both use Wilson KBlade Teams which are 104 sq. inches. They both use Wilson K Gut string and Wilson overgrips. I have the same exact racket and it's pretty awesome on serves and groundstrokes. It gives you a lot of power and control even though it's a flexible frame. String your racket a little on the tighter side to get more control. I would definitely demo it before you get it, because it's $190.", "Share & Comment. Serena Williams is one of the sport’s greatest champions, but she couldn’t have won 15 Grand Slam singles titles without feeling comfortable with her racquet. Here’s a look at her weapon of choice — the Wilson Blade 104. Check out the Serena Williams Racket in our shop. Some may be surprised to learn that the Wilson Blade 104 is a mid-size racquet with an extended 27.5 inch length and 104 square inch head.", "The Wilson Blade 104 is the frame of choice for Serena Williams. It’s such a great, all-court friendly racquet that even Venus Williams uses it as well. Check out the Serena Williams Racket in our shop. Some may be surprised to learn that the Wilson Blade 104 is a mid-size racquet with an extended 27.5 inch length and 104 square inch head.", "Please try again later. http://www.tennis-warehouse.com/revie... The racquet of choice for the Williams sisters, Venus and Serena, the Blade 104 is Wilson's update to the BLX Blade Team. This new and improved Blade 104 is sporting a new coat and improved feel with Amplifeel technology in the handle. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_kind_of_Wilson_racket_does_Serena_Williams_use", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080727083251AAQvoyR", "http://www.stevegtennis.com/2013/01/serena-williams-wilson-blade-104-racquet-review/", "http://www.stevegtennis.com/2013/01/serena-williams-wilson-blade-104-racquet-review/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oM3gHwXWcVs" ] }

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[ "Longer than the 2 hours." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "I'm curious to know how long bacon grease can be stored at room temperature if the grease is first strained through paper towel or some other kind of filtering cloth. I've read tips on a few different sites that say that if the bits of meat are strained out of the bacon grease, the grease... show more I'", "1 How long does bacon last at room temperature? 2 Bacteria grow rapidly at temperatures between 40 °F and 140 °F; bacon should be discarded if left for more than 2 hours at room temperature. 1 Bacteria grow rapidly at temperatures between 40 °F and 140 °F; bacon should be discarded if left for more than 2 hours at room temperature. 2 To further extend the shelf life of bacon, freeze; when freezing, place bacon in the freezer before the number of days shown for refrigerator storage has elapsed.", "Next. I'm curious to know how long bacon grease can be stored at room temperature if the grease is first strained through paper towel or some other kind of filtering cloth. I've read tips on a few different sites that say that if the bits of meat are strained out of the bacon grease, the grease won't turn... show more I'm curious to know how long bacon grease can be stored at room temperature if the grease is first strained through paper towel or some other kind of filtering cloth.", "1 How long does cooked bacon last at room temperature? 2 Bacteria grow rapidly at temperatures between 40 °F and 140 °F; cooked bacon should be discarded if left for more than 2 hours at room temperature. 1 Bacteria grow rapidly at temperatures between 40 °F and 140 °F; cooked bacon should be discarded if left for more than 2 hours at room temperature. 2 How to tell if cooked bacon is bad? 3 The best way is to smell and look at the bacon: discard any bacon with an off smell or appearance, do not taste the bacon first.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: cooked bacon is safe to leave out at room temp for two reasons. One is that it is a cured meat product which resists the formation of organisms and two, it is cooked which would also kill organisms. ", "1.) Trying to cook cold bacon. Bacon is meat -- especially fatty meat. The secret to the meat and fat cooking evenly is for them to start out around the same temperature. Let your bacon sit at room temperature for fifteen minutes or so before you cook it. It will help the fat render more quickly, so it will be crispy and not burnt. 2.) Starting bacon in a hot pan.", "Cooked pasta should not be left out at room temperature for more than 2 to 3 hours. Any food that is left out at room temperature after cooking can be dangerous at any tim … e past the 4 hour mark. Answered. In Food & Cooking. No longer than an hour or so if left out in room temp. Bacteria can start to grow on foods in an hour. Our stomach acids can kill some of these bacteria but not all. Foods sho … uld be kept out of the danger zone which is above 40°F and below 140°F. In this zone foods are perfect for bacteria.", "Bacon CAN be heavily smoked and cured for room-temperature storage, but most grocery-store bacon is not this kind. Due to the nitrates/nitrates and smoking process, normal bacon should be safe at room temperature for longer than the 2 hours we give uncured meats, but 32 hours is simply WAY TOO LONG. share | improve this answer. answered Sep 30 '11 at 5:15. BobMcGee. I bought a package of Appleton Farms, hardwood smoked, sugar cured, sliced bacon about 32 hours ago & forgot to put it in the refrigerator. The ingredients state cured with: water, salt, sugar,sodium phosphate, sodium erythorbate and sodium nitrate. The package is still sealed." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100929234227AAbk9HK", "http://stilltasty.com/fooditems/index/16431", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100929234227AAbk9HK", "http://stilltasty.com/fooditems/index/16428", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080818232938AAcA5kA", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/28/bacon-mistakes-how-to-cook_n_3111706.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_bacon_stay_fresh_at_room_temperature", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/18096/is-my-bacon-still-safe-after-being-left-at-room-temp-for-32-hours" ] }

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[ "$2.5 million annually." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It’s an ask me anything ;) Last year the two stores produced a combined turnover of just over $4 million. After 12 years of being with McDonald’s – yeah, I probably could retire. But I want to move into a field where I can actually make a difference and do something that I love, so I hope to keep working. I don’t know why, but I’m not actually too fond of McDonald’s – ever since I started working there as a teen. I took home 15%, which was around $600,000 last year. USD that’s 572k. You’re required to have a business degree, or a successful business career.", "Wages. The average yearly salary for an electrician was $48,250 as of May 2010. An electrical apprentice will usually earn 30 percent to 50 percent of what a licensed electrician will make. This would put an apprentice's median salary between $14,475 and $24,125. As the apprentice gains skills, he will get pay increases. ", "A residential wireman apprenticeship can take between two and three years to complete, depending on the program. First-year apprentices in the Puget Sound Electrical Apprenticeship Residential Wireman Program earned between 55 percent and 60 percent of a journeyman's wage. When severe weather takes down a line, they are the ones called to restore power. Wages for a first-year outside lineman apprentice vary based on the program. First-year apprentices in the Tennessee Valley Authority's Lineman Apprentice Program earn between $36,450 and $38,370 per year. Apprentices in the Northwest Line's Outside Electrical Lineman Apprenticeship are paid a percentage of a journeyman's wages, which was $44.73 per hour as of February 2012", "Q. How much pay does an apprentice receive? A. Although it varies from industry to industry, the average starting wage of an apprentice is about 50 percent of a journey workers rate of pay. Apprentices usually earn a five-percent raise every six months if training and school performance is satisfactory. Back to top!", "The average McDonald's restaurant generates $2.5 million in sales annually, making it the second-highest-grossing chain in the US by sales per unit behind Chick-fil-A, according to QSR magazine. But to open a single restaurant, the company requires that potential franchisees have liquid assets of at least $750,000. Startup costs, which include construction and equipment expenses, average between $955,708 and $2.3 million, according to McDonald's.", "As of May 2013, the food-preparation and service industry paid an average hourly wage of $9.08. In a separate BLS category, we find over half a million fast-food cooks who earn, on average, $9.07 an hour. But that varies by industry and state. Cooks in gasoline stations earn, on average, $8.68 per hour, while cooks in grocery stores get $10.02. The San Francisco area has the highest average wages for fast-food workers in the country, but at $12.17 per hour, that falls well short of the $15 demanded by the protesting McDonald’s employees.", "NBC today took the rare step of responding to a tabloid story — a report in the New York Post that Celebrity Apprentice executive producers Mark Burnett and Donald Trump have a two-year deal with the network that will pay them $160 million, with star Trump pocketing some $65 million a year. Donald Trump and The Apprentice franchise remain a key part of the NBC primetime lineup and we are looking forward to another compelling cycle next season.” In May, NBC renewed Celebrity Apprentice for another season to launch in midseason.", "In addition to those costs, McDonald's charges a $45,000 franchisee fee and an ongoing monthly service fee equal to 4% of gross sales. Franchisees must also pay rent to the company, which is a percentage of monthly sales. But to open a single restaurant, the company requires that potential franchisees have liquid assets of at least $750,000. Startup costs, which include construction and equipment expenses, average between $955,708 and $2.3 million, according to McDonald's.", "Believe me though, owning a McDonald’s is one of the best things I have done. A hell of a lot. I averaged $3.87 million dollars total turnover per year over 12 years of owning McDonald’s franchises, which is around $46 million. To be honest with you, I have very limited control in the way the store was developed, and run. I don’t know why, but I’m not actually too fond of McDonald’s – ever since I started working there as a teen. I took home 15%, which was around $600,000 last year. USD that’s 572k. You’re required to have a business degree, or a successful business career." ], "url": [ "http://www.business-opportunities.biz/2014/07/24/what-its-really-like-to-own-a-mcdonalds-franchise/", "http://work.chron.com/much-earn-electrical-apprentice-13887.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-first-year-electrician-apprentice-paid-7629.html", "http://www.oregon.gov/BOLI/ATD/pages/a_ag_faq.aspx", "http://www.businessinsider.com/what-it-costs-to-open-a-mcdonalds-2014-11", "http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/what-do-mcdonalds-workers-really-make-per-hour/", "http://deadline.com/2011/06/nbc-calls-donald-trump-apprentice-pay-report-grossly-inaccurate-142484/", "http://www.businessinsider.com/what-it-costs-to-open-a-mcdonalds-2014-11", "http://www.business-opportunities.biz/2014/07/24/what-its-really-like-to-own-a-mcdonalds-franchise/" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Appraisers first assign a value to the lot or site on which the home is situated. In the case of our $145,000 example, the 19,780 square foot site is valued at $30,500 based on current sales of both vacant and improved land. If a marsh front lot was in the mix, there would be a substantial adjustment for view. After all adjustments are made, the net adjustment is added or subtracted from the comparable sales price. In this case Comp #1 was adjusted to a sales price of $152,940 and Comp #2 to $142,305.", "However, an appraiser should not make both quantitative and qualitative adjustments on the same grid. This results in an adjusted sales price that would need further change. An example is a $300,000 sale that after quantitative adjustments results in an adjusted sales price of $350,000. On the other hand, if your adjustments across the board are $100 per square foot, a 100 square foot difference would indicate a $10,000 adjustment and therefore, sale number one would more than likely need to have the adjustment made.", "Reply with quote #1. If you are working in a platted S/D; how do you handle the adjustments for differences in lot size....example 0.51 acres versus 0.25 acres. I don't make adjustments for small differences in lot size / value for a couple of reasons.1. Not enough data to support the adjustment.2. Subdivision lots are sold primarily based on utility not size.3. Example most cul de sac lots are larger than the lots in the middle of the street.4.", "Site adjustment for apprasial value. My house was just appraised for a refi. My lot is almost twice the size of the comp lots, but yet no site adjustment was made on the report. This property has been appraised twice previously, (original purchase and previous refi) and both had site adjustments. The most recent in 2003 had a 4.2% site adjustment", "If you choose to make a $1 per square foot adjustment, that is saying that a house with a lot twice the size as the subject is worth only $15,000 more than a house with half the lot size. This is reasonable, perhaps, if the land values in that area are selling for around $2 to $3 per square foot. On the other hand, if your adjustments across the board are $100 per square foot, a 100 square foot difference would indicate a $10,000 adjustment and therefore, sale number one would more than likely need to have the adjustment made.", "You might have the opinion that no adjustment should be made to sale number one as there is only a 100 square foot difference but an adjustment might be warranted for sale number two because the size difference is 400 square feet, or 27 percent larger in gross living area than the subject. On the other hand, if your adjustments across the board are $100 per square foot, a 100 square foot difference would indicate a $10,000 adjustment and therefore, sale number one would more than likely need to have the adjustment made.", "KJR2008 said: ↑. Just curious on how the more experienced here determine when an adjustment for lot size is made. When in the absence of lot sales, paired sales of improved properties dont offer much in the way of a value trend. ", "If necessary, location adjustments are based on the use of sales outside the subject's development and the differences of predominant values between the competing developments. Site adjustments are based on the differences of lot size between the subject and the sales. Adjustments applied are based on the contributory value of the added land, not the actual cost. Adjustments for view may reflect various situations. ", "1. Subject 2.32 acres (double lot compared to rest of subdivision)Comparables 1.04 acre, .90 acre, .76 acre, .64 acre, .58 acre and .45 acre. The appraiser made NO adjustment for lot size. Also, although the survey is not filed with the courthouse there was 1.13 acres surveyed off to sell someday as a new lot for building. He discounts this fact or valuation also. " ], "url": [ "http://www.mortgagenewsdaily.com/3222005_Home_Appraiser.asp", "http://www.workingre.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/making-reasonable-and-appropriate-adjustments-NE.html", "http://cramdisk.websitetoolbox.com/post/SD-lot-size-adjustments-6168914", "http://www.zillow.com/advice-thread/Site-adjustment-for-apprasial-value/285721/", "http://www.workingre.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/making-reasonable-and-appropriate-adjustments-NE.html", "http://www.workingre.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/making-reasonable-and-appropriate-adjustments-NE.html", "http://appraisersforum.com/forums/threads/when-do-you-make-adjustment-for-lot-size.162751/", "http://www.mazzolaappraisal.com/downloads/appraisal_adjustments.pdf", "http://appraisersforum.com/forums/threads/adjusting-for-lot-size.193627/" ] }

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[ "How long it will take will also depend on the size of your bird. it takes about 90 minutes in a 375 F to cook a 2-3 pound chicken." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Set the chicken in a roasting pan, breast side up. Step 2: Preheat the oven and season the chicken. Preheat the oven to 375 degrees F. While the oven is heating, brush the chicken with olive oil or butter and season with salt, pepper, and desired herbs and/or spices. I find it takes about 90 minutes in a 375 F to cook a 2-3 pound chicken. I notice that Safeway always sells whole frying chickens, but we roast them in the oven. I believe the fryer part refers to the size of the chicken. Fryers are generally smaller than other chickens.", "1 4 Roast the chicken in the oven for 15 minutes. 2 Reduce the temperature to 375°F and continue roasting until the juices run clear and a thermometer inserted into the inner thigh (but not touching the bone) registers 165°F, about 50 minutes to 1 hour more. 3 5 Remove the chicken from the oven and place on a cutting board. 1 3 Drizzle the oil on the chicken and rub it all over the skin. 2 Season generously inside and out with salt and pepper. 3 Place the lemon and herbs inside the cavity, if using. 4 Place the chicken breast-side up in a large frying pan or cast-iron skillet. 5 ", "Roast whole (thawed) chickens for 20 minutes per pound, plus an additional 15 minutes. High heat method (this creates a crispy, darker skin): Preheat oven to 450 degrees F (230 degrees C) and cook whole (thawed) chicken for 10-15 minutes. Then reduce the temperature to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C) and roast for 20 minutes per pound. I find it takes about 90 minutes in a 375 F to cook a 2-3 pound chicken. I notice that Safeway always sells whole frying chickens, but we roast them in the oven. I believe the fryer part refers to the size of the chicken. Fryers are generally smaller than other chickens.", "1 Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). 2 Place chicken in a roasting pan, and season generously inside and out with salt and pepper. 3 Sprinkle inside and out with onion powder. 4 Place 3 tablespoons margarine in the chicken cavity. 5 Arrange dollops of the remaining margarine around the chicken's exterior. 1 Bake uncovered 1 hour and 15 minutes in the preheated oven, to a minimum internal temperature of 180 degrees F (82 degrees C). 2 Remove from heat, and baste with melted margarine and drippings. 3 Cover with aluminum foil, and allow to rest about 30 minutes before serving.", "1 3-1/2 to 4 pounds: Roast 1-1/4 to 1-3/4 hours. 2 4-1/2 to 5 pounds: Roast 1-1/2 to 2 hours. 3 Continue to bake chicken until the juices run clear, the chicken is no longer pink, and the drumsticks move easily in their sockets. 4 Then remove the roasted chicken from the oven. 1 4-1/2 to 5 pounds: Roast 1-1/2 to 2 hours. 2 Continue to bake chicken until the juices run clear, the chicken is no longer pink, and the drumsticks move easily in their sockets. 3 Then remove the roasted chicken from the oven.", "The temperature should be 165 F. How long it will take will also depend on the size of your bird. I find it takes about 90 minutes in a 375 F to cook a 2-3 pound chicken. I notice that Safeway always sells whole frying chickens, but we roast them in the oven. I believe the fryer part refers to the size of the chicken. Fryers are generally smaller than other chickens.", "1 3 to 3-1/2 pounds: Roast 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 hours. 2 3-1/2 to 4 pounds: Roast 1-1/4 to 1-3/4 hours. 3 4-1/2 to 5 pounds: Roast 1-1/2 to 2 hours. 4 Continue to bake chicken until the juices run clear, the chicken is no longer pink, and the drumsticks move easily in their sockets. 5 Then remove the roasted chicken from the oven. 1 4-1/2 to 5 pounds: Roast 1-1/2 to 2 hours. 2 Continue to bake chicken until the juices run clear, the chicken is no longer pink, and the drumsticks move easily in their sockets. 3 Then remove the roasted chicken from the oven.", "Spread around the bottom of the roasting pan and place the chicken on top. Roast the chicken for 1 1/2 hours, or until the juices run clear when you cut between a leg and thigh. Remove the chicken and vegetables to a platter and cover with aluminum foil for about 20 minutes.", "Set the chicken in a roasting pan, breast side up. Step 2: Preheat the oven and season the chicken. Preheat the oven to 375 degrees F. While the oven is heating, brush the chicken with olive oil or butter and season with salt, pepper, and any herbs and spices the roasted chicken recipe indicates. Put the chicken in the roasting pan into the preheated oven. The chicken cooking times vary by weight and by recipe, but in general, follow these guidelines: 2-1/2- to 3-pound chicken: Roast 1 to 1-1/4 hours. 3- to 3-1/2-pound chicken: Roast 1-1/4 to 1-1/2 hours." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120428155655AAyYNyi", "http://www.chowhound.com/recipes/basic-whole-roasted-chicken-30264", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120428155655AAyYNyi", "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/83557/juicy-roasted-chicken/", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/handling-meat/cook-whole-chicken/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120428155655AAyYNyi", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/handling-meat/cook-whole-chicken/", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/ina-garten/perfect-roast-chicken-recipe.html", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/handling-meat/bake-chicken/" ] }

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[ "It is used to estimate the causal impact of an intervention on its target population." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The first part of creating a quasi-experimental design is to identify the variables. The quasi-independent variable will be the x-variable, the variable that is manipulated in order to affect a dependent variable. “X” is generally a grouping variable with different levels. Instead, quasi-experimental designs typically allow the researcher to control the assignment to the treatment condition, but using some criterion other than random assignment (e.g., an eligibility cutoff mark). In some cases, the researcher may have control over assignment to treatment", "Quasi-experimental research shares similarities with the traditional experimental design or randomized controlled trial, but they specifically lack the element of random assignment to treatment or control. Instead, quasi-experimental designs typically allow the researcher to control the assignment to the treatment condition, but using some criterion other than random assignment (e.g., an eligibility cutoff mark). In some cases, the researcher may have control over assignment to treatment", "A quasi-experiment is an empirical study used to estimate the causal impact of an intervention on its target population. Instead, quasi-experimental designs typically allow the researcher to control the assignment to the treatment condition, but using some criterion other than random assignment (e.g., an eligibility cutoff mark). In some cases, the researcher may have control over assignment to treatment", "Quasi-experimental study designs, often described as nonrandomized, pre-post intervention studies, are common in the medical informatics literature. Yet little has been written about the benefits and limitations of the quasi-experimental approach as applied to informatics studies. This paper outlines a relative hierarchy and nomenclature of quasi-experimental study designs that is applicable to medical informatics intervention studies. Examples of quasi-experimental studies follow. As one example of a quasi-experimental study, a hospital introduces a new order-entry system and wishes to study the impact of this intervention on the number of medication-related adverse events before and after the intervention.", "Design. Quasi-experimental design involves selecting groups, upon which a variable is tested, without any random pre-selection processes. For example, to perform an educational experiment, a class might be arbitrarily divided by alphabetical selection or by seating arrangement", "Quasi-Experimental Designs In a quasi-experimental design, the researcher lacks control over the assignment to conditions and/or does not manipulate the causal variable of interest. A quasi-independent variable is not manipulated by the researcher but rather is an event that occurred for other reasons. ", "quasi-experimental design: This category of design is most frequently used when it is not feasible for the researcher to use random assignment. This article describes the strengths and limitations of specific types of quasi-experimental and true experimental design. Frequently used types of quasi-experimental designs include the following: Nonequivalent group, posttest only (Quasi-experimental). The nonequivalent, posttest only design consists of administering an outcome measure to two groups or to a program/treatment group and a comparison.", "Quasi-Experimental Design. A quasi-experimental design is one that looks a bit like an experimental design but lacks the key ingredient -- random assignment. My mentor, Don Campbell, often referred to them as queasy experiments because they give the experimental purists a queasy feeling. Instead, I'll present two of the classic quasi-experimental designs in some detail and show how we analyze them. Probably the most commonly used quasi-experimental design (and it may be the most commonly used of all designs) is the nonequivalent groups design." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-experiment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-experiment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-experiment", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380192/", "https://explorable.com/quasi-experimental-design", "http://www.howardsei.org/uploads/QuasiExperimental.pdf", "http://pareonline.net/getvn.asp?v=5&n=14", "http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/quasiexp.php" ] }

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[ "In order to become a qualified Forensic Chemist, you need to gain education in the field of forensic science, involving a criminal justice element. The most basic degree that you need to acquire is the Bachelor of Science in Chemistry." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Other Qualifications. Because forensic scientists apply science to the law, the American Society of Crime Laboratory Directors advises students to take elective courses in criminal law, criminal justice and related subjects. In addition, students should develop an understanding of statistics. Although a bachelor's degree is the minimum qualification for employment as a forensic scientist, the American Academy points out that some jobs may require a master's degree. In addition, some forensic scientists seek certification through organizations such as the American Board of Criminal", "Learn about the education and preparation needed to become a forensic scientist. Get a quick view of the requirements-including degree programs, job duties and certification-to see if a career in forensic science is right for you. Forensic Scientist Education Requirements. A minimum of a bachelor's degree in natural science or forensic science is required for working in this field. Some labs might require a master's degree in forensic science for more advanced positions, such as lab technician leader or supervisor.", "Education Requirements. To become a forensic investigator, one should obtain a bachelor’s degree in biology, anatomy or criminal justice. A forensic investigator may also want to seek out programs that focus upon the use of computer software programs that help forensic investigators manage evidence. Labs and police departments are increasingly requiring that individuals have a background in using technology for evidence collection purposes.", "Education and Training. To become a forensic scientist usually requires the completion of a degree specialising in forensic science. You may also consider a range of other degrees in relevant areas of specialisation which may provide entry into various areas of forensic science.", "The first step toward a career as a forensic scientist is to earn at least a bachelor's degree with a major in a scientific discipline. The American Society of Crime Lab Directors, a national association of forensic science professionals, recommends a degree in chemistry, biology, forensic science or molecular biology. Although a bachelor's degree is the minimum qualification for employment as a forensic scientist, the American Academy points out that some jobs may require a master's degree. In addition, some forensic scientists seek certification through organizations such as the American Board of Criminalistics", "A: In order to become a forensic scientist, you will need an education in forensic sciences. If you are just looking for an entry level in the criminal justice sector, you can go for a 6 month certificate or diploma. A 4 year bachelor's degree can also get you entry-level positions with forensic departments. A: In order to become a qualified Forensic Chemist, you need to gain education in the field of forensic science, involving a criminal justice element. The most basic degree that you need to acquire is the Bachelor of Science in Chemistry.", "Many of those who seek to become forensic science technicians will have an undergraduate degree in the natural sciences and a master’s degree in forensic science. Many crime scene investigators are sworn police officers and have met educational requirements necessary for admittance into a police academy. How to Become a Forensic Science Technician. Forensic science technicians typically need at least a bachelor’s degree in the natural sciences, such as chemistry or biology. On-the-job training is usually required for both those who investigate crime scenes and those who work in labs.", "As a forensic scientist, your main role would be to look for evidence to link a suspect with a crime scene. However, your duties could vary depending on your specialism, and may include some or all of the following: 1 blood grouping and DNA profiling. 2 analysing fluid and tissue samples for traces of drugs and poisons. You can also get into this career with a science-based degree. Degrees related to chemistry, biology, life sciences, applied sciences or medical sciences are likely to be the most appropriate, depending on the type of forensic work you want to do.", "A: If you want to become a forensic scientist for the police you should have a four year undergraduate degree in a field like chemistry, biology or related natural science like pre-med, biochemistry or microbiology. A: In order to become a qualified Forensic Chemist, you need to gain education in the field of forensic science, involving a criminal justice element. The most basic degree that you need to acquire is the Bachelor of Science in Chemistry." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/info_7749083_qualifications-need-become-forensic-scientist.html", "http://study.com/forensic_scientist.html", "http://www.howdoibecomea.net/forensic-investigator/", "http://www.abc.net.au/science/forensic/wannabe.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/info_7749083_qualifications-need-become-forensic-scientist.html", "http://www.excite.com/education/criminal-justice/forensics/careers/how-to-become-a-forensic-scientist", "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/forensic-science-technicians.htm", "https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/forensicscientist.aspx", "http://www.excite.com/education/criminal-justice/forensics/careers/how-to-become-a-forensic-scientist" ] }

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[ "Makes managing money easier." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 You'll usually need at least $1 to open an account, but some banks will require a higher amount, such as $100, $500, or more, depending on the type of checking account you want. 2 For example, checking accounts that pay interest often have higher opening deposit and ongoing balance requirements.", "You can’t take it with you when you go, so why not use some of that money? Online bank accounts have traditionally made it hard to spend your money -- you really had to plan on keeping your money in the account -- but things have improved since then.", "Banking online can make managing your money easier. See more banking pictures. Comstock Images/ Getty Images. Online banking offers a welcome change from the tedium of physically balancing your checkbook and dealing with inaccurate handwritten ledgers.", "Other Reasons to Avoid Online Bank Accounts. Sometimes online banking websites go down. When this happens, there's no backup branch that you can go to -- and the phone lines will be clogged. To protect yourself, always keep a local bank or credit union account open with some emergency cash so you won't be penniless while they fix the problem. 1 Online Banking Backup Tips.", "If you have yet to make the transition or want to learn more about the benefits of banking online, we've put together a list of five reasons why you should consider using the Internet to manage your money. Read the next page to learn about what many believe to be online banking's best perk.", "SMASH THE LIKES!!! 10 REASONS why you should watch the WWE Money In The Bank 2015 PPV... Follow me on TWITTER: http://twitter.com/tomcushnie. Like my page on FACEBOOK: http://facebook.com/tomcushnieyt. Money in the Bank (2015) is an upcoming professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by WWE." ], "url": [ "http://www.investopedia.com/university/banking/banking1.asp", "http://banking.about.com/od/savings/a/3onlinebankacct.htm", "http://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/online-banking/5-reasons-to-use-online-banking.htm", "http://banking.about.com/od/savings/a/3onlinebankacct.htm", "http://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/online-banking/5-reasons-to-use-online-banking.htm", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3ADkFz_NvY" ] }

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[ "2365" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Early life Edit. He was the eldest son of Amram and Jochebed, a daughter of Levi. Aaron was born in Egypt three years before his brother Moses, and a number of years after his sister Miriam. He married Elisheba, the daughter of Amminadab of the house of Judah by whom he had four sons, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. ", "His mother, Jochebed, the Egyptian-born daughter of Levi, married her nephew Amram son of Kohath, and gave birth to three children: Miriam, the eldest; Aaron; and Moses, the youngest, who was born when Aaron was three years old. The Bible does not say anything about Aaron’s birth, his early life, or his upbringing. ", "Aaron began his professional baseball career in 1952 in the Negro League and joined the Milwaukee Braves of the major league in 1954, eight years after Jackie Robinson had integrated baseball. Aaron was the last Negro League player to compete in the majors. ", "Tweet to @BaseballAlmanac. Hank Aaron was born on Monday, February 5, 1934, in Mobile, Alabama. Aaron was 20 years old when he broke into the big leagues on April 13, 1954, with the Milwaukee Braves. Hank Aaron Stats. Hank Aaron was born on Monday, February 5, 1934, in Mobile, Alabama. Aaron was 20 years old when he broke into the big leagues on April 13, 1954, with the Milwaukee Braves.", "Early Life. Hank Aaron was born February 5, 1934 in Mobile, Alabama. He was the third of eight children. When his father took him to hear a speech given by Jackie Robinson, Hank committed himself to playing baseball. ", "Aaron. Aaron was Moses ' older brother. He was born in 2365, three years before Moses, before the Pharaoh's edict requiring the death of male Hebrew children. He was the ancestor of all koheins, the founder of the priesthood, and the first Kohein Gadol (High Priest). Moses was born on 7 Adar in the year 2368 from Creation (circa 1400 BCE), the son of Amram, a member of the tribe of Levi, and Yocheved, Levi's daughter (Ex. 6:16-20). Unlike the heroes of many other ancient cultures, Moses did not have a miraculous birth.", "Hank Aaron was born in Mobile, Alabama, to Herbert Aaron, Sr. and Estella (Pritchett) Aaron. He had seven siblings. Tommie Aaron, one of his brothers, also went on to play Major League Baseball. By the time Aaron retired, he and his brother held the record for most career home runs by a pair of siblings (768). Over the course of his record-breaking 23-year career playing Major League Baseball, Hank Aaron had a batting average of .305 with 163 hits a season, while hitting an average of just over 32 home runs a year and knocking home 99 runs batted in (RBIs) a year.", "After backing up Brett Favre for the first three years of his NFL career, Rodgers became the Green Bay Packers' starting quarterback in 2008 and led them to a victory in Super Bowl XLV after the 2010 NFL season; Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP. After one year at Butte Community College, Rodgers received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of California, Berkeley, where he played for the California Golden Bears football team from 2003 to 2004.", "Aaron Charles Carter was born December 7, 1987 in Tampa, Florida, to Jane Elizabeth (Spaulding) and Robert Gene Carter. He is the younger brother of Nick Carter (the Backstreet Boys) and has three sisters. " ], "url": [ "http://bible.wikia.com/wiki/Aaron", "http://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/aaron-the-high-priest/", "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/hank-aaron-is-born", "http://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=aaronha01", "http://mrnussbaum.com/athletes/hank_aaron/", "http://www.jewfaq.org/moshe.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hank_Aaron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Rodgers", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0004809/bio" ] }

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[ "It is the mythology of Celtic polytheism, apparently the religion of the Iron Age Celts." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1,202 pages on this wiki. Celtic mythology refers to the polytheistic religious beliefs of the Celts. The Celts were an Iron Age people who inhabited the British Isles (including Ireland),Scotland, Gaul, Central Europe, parts of modern Turkey, and the Iberian Peninsula. Celtic mythology varies greatly by region, though there are some things common throughout, for example, the Irish form of the god Nodens is Nuada.", "The mythology of pre-Christian Ireland did not entirely survive the conversion to Christianity. However, much of it was preserved in medieval Irish literature, though it was shorn of its religious meanings. ", "On the other hand, Celtic mythology is incorporated into the popular image of the druids. Merlin in his tall hat turning Wat into a fish or a squirrel. A powerful nature religion peopled with druids and bards who spent as long learning their craft as Buddha spent under the banyan tree seeking nirvana. In any case, we find in Celtic mythology a strong foundation in ancient goddess (mother earth) and fertility religion (common throughout the ancient world), merged with the peculiar emphasis on the Otherworld and its accessibility to mankind found in the druid religion.", "Celtic mythology. The religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Celts, an ancient Indo-European people. In the 4th century BCE their influence and territories covered the length of Europe, stretching from Britain to Asia Minor. Celtic mythology consists of three groups: 1 The Goidelic, including Ireland, the Isle of Man, and the western highlands of Scotland. 2 In language, race, and tradition these form a homogenous block; 3 The Insular Brythonic, including Wales and Cornwall, also inhabited by kindred people with a somewhat similar history;", "Celtic mythology. The religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Celts, an ancient Indo-European people. In the 4th century BCE their influence and territories covered the length of Europe, stretching from Britain to Asia Minor. Celtic mythology consists of three groups:", "Celtic mythology is the mythology of Celtic polytheism, apparently the religion of the Iron Age Celts. Like other Iron Age Europeans, the early Celts maintained a polytheistic mythology and religious structure. Celtic mythology is found in a number of distinct, if related, subgroups, largely corresponding to the branches of the Celtic languages: 1 Ancient Celtic religion (known primarily through archaeological sources rather than through written mythology; cf. 2 Ancient Gaulish and British deities).", "Among Celts in close contact with Ancient Rome, such as the Gauls and Celtiberians, their mythology did not survive the Roman Empire, their subsequent conversion to Christianity, and the loss of their Celtic languages. Less is known about the pre-Christian mythologies of Britain than those of Ireland. Important reflexes of British mythology appear in the Four Branches of the Mabinogi, especially in the names of several characters, such as Rhiannon, Teyrnon, and Bendigeidfran (‘Bran [Crow] the Blessed’).", "[more]. ERIU ériu F Irish. Mythology from the name of An irish, goddess who according to legend gave her name To (ireland which is Éire eire éire) ... in irish [more]. ERIU ériu F Irish. Mythology from the name of An irish, goddess who according to legend gave her name To (ireland which is Éire eire éire) ... [in]. IRISH more Etain étaín. F irish mythology Possibly Derived from old ... [irish]. ET ét Jealousy, More Fachtna. M irish irish mythology Perhaps Means ... hostile in irish gaelic" ], "url": [ "http://mythology.wikia.com/wiki/Celtic_mythology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_mythology", "http://www.heartoscotland.com/Categories/CelticMythology.htm", "http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/celtic/articles.html", "http://www.pantheon.org/areas/mythology/europe/celtic/", "http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/c/Celtic_mythology.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtic_mythology", "http://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/irish-mythology" ] }

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[ "Eye color is based on the number and color of pigment granules (Melanin) in our eyes.", "It is determined by two distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye 's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When the pupil size changes, the pigments in the iris compress or spread apart, changing the eye color a bit. Certain emotions can change both the pupil size and the iris color. That's why some people say their eyes change colors when they're angry or loving. Eye color also can change with age. This happens in 10 to 15 percent of the Caucasian population (people who generally have lighter eye colors). For instance, my once very brown eyes are now hazel, a combination of brown and green. The colored part of the eye is called the iris, which has pigmentation that determines our eye color. Human eye color originates with three genes, two of which are well understood. These genes account for the most common colors green, brown, and blue.", "Outside Causes. Eye trauma, such as a blow to the eye, can affect pigmentation in the iris. Blue or other light-colored eyes might develop brown patches where the injury occurred. Some prescription eyedrops, used to treat glaucoma, have the side effect of darkening iris color. People might ask you where you got those baby blues. Eye color is a phenotype, or a visible result of genetic coding. Complex genetic pairings determine what eye color you have, and even brown-eyed parents can have a blue-eyed child.", "Eye Color. Eye color is based on the number and color of pigment granules (Melanin) in our eyes. These granules range in color from neutral to very dark brown. The darker the pigment, the darker the eyes. And fewer granules result in lighter eyes. Conversely, more granules result in darker eyes.", "Certain diseases and medications can cause color changes in the eye. Fuch's heterochromic iridocyclitis, Horner's syndrome or pigmentary glaucoma can all cause color changes and require medical evaluation. Certain glaucoma medications can also cause changes in iris color. Iris color can vary widely. Eye color in humans varies from very light to very dark. Eye color should more accurately be called iris color, since the iris, the central part of the eye, contains the different colors.", "Melanin. At the most basic level, the answer to what causes eye color is the pigment melanin. Because melanin isn't fully present at birth, many babies have blue eyes at birth that will later change to brown or green. Melanin can deposit in either the front or back layer of the iris. Iris color can vary widely. Eye color in humans varies from very light to very dark. Eye color should more accurately be called iris color, since the iris, the central part of the eye, contains the different colors.", "Eye color or eye colour is a polygenic phenotypic character determined by two distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye 's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris. Dark brown eyes are dominant in humans and in many parts of the world, it is nearly the only iris color present. Dark pigment of brown eyes is common in East Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, West Asia, Oceania, Africa, Americas, etc. as well as parts of Eastern Europe and Southern Europe.", "Question: What causes the iris of the eye to change color? For most of my life, my iris color in each eye was dark brown. When I was in my 50s, the color began to lighten. I'm now 62, and the iris color is hazel, a mix of brown and green. The fewer the granules, the lighter the eye color is. Babies are typically born with blue eyes due to a minimal amount of melanin pigment in the iris at birth. From 10 to 15 percent of the Caucasian population will see a change in their eye color as they age.", "The darker the pigment, the darker the eye color is. The fewer the granules, the lighter the eye color is. Babies are typically born with blue eyes due to a minimal amount of melanin pigment in the iris at birth. From 10 to 15 percent of the Caucasian population will see a change in their eye color as they age.", "The color of the iris of the eye is determined by genetics -- children can have totally different eye colors than their parents. Eye color can change during a person's lifetime for several reasons. Some of the reasons for the changes are normal and harmless, such as normal development or aging. Many babies are born with blue or blue-gray eyes. As the child ages, the color of the eyes may change because more pigment has been produced in the eye. Eye color can change as a person gets older as well. This is more common in Caucasians and occurs in 10 to 15 percent of this population.", "Other Causes Eye Color Change. If your eyes check out fine, then the cause of the color change is probably due to age. Aging is the most common cause of a change in eye color, gradually, after reaching adolescence. Most will lighten with age, but hazel (light brown or yellowish brown) or blue can darken. Eye color is based on the number and color of pigment granules (Melanin) in our eyes. These granules range in color from neutral to very dark brown. The darker the pigment, the darker the eyes. And fewer granules result in lighter eyes. Conversely, more granules result in darker eyes." ], "url": [ "http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/eye-color.htm", "http://motherhood.modernmom.com/causes-eye-color-change-2238.html", "http://www.eye-therapy.com/Eye-Color/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/252038-what-causes-eye-color/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/252038-what-causes-eye-color/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_color", "http://articles.philly.com/2012-07-03/entertainment/32509150_1_oxygen-eye-disease-blue-eyes", "http://articles.philly.com/2012-07-03/entertainment/32509150_1_oxygen-eye-disease-blue-eyes", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/207248-causes-of-an-eye-color-change/", "http://www.eye-therapy.com/Eye-Color/" ] }

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[ "Freshwater and soil" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Brief Summary. Learn more about this article. Naegleria fowleri is a free-living amoeba commonly found in warm freshwater environments such as hot springs, lakes, natural mineral waters, and resort spas frequented by tourists.", "Naegleria fowleri (commonly referred to as the brain-eating amoeba or brain-eating ameba), is a free-living microscopic ameba * , (single-celled living organism). It can cause a rare ** and devastating infection of the brain called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).", "Naegleria fowleri is found around the world. In the United States, the majority of infections have been caused by Naegleria fowleri from freshwater located in southern-tier states. The ameba can be found in: 1 Bodies of warm freshwater, such as lakes and rivers. 2 Geothermal (naturally hot) water, such as hot springs.", "Featured: Naegleria fowleri Main Article. Naegleria fowleri is an amoeba found in freshwater and soil. Infection results when the amoeba enters the nose and travels to the brain and spinal cord, causing primary amebic meningoencephalitis, which destroys brain tissue.", "Naegleria fowleri. Learn more about this article. Naegleria fowleri /nəˈɡlɪəriə/ (also known as the brain-eating amoeba) is a free-living, thermophilic excavate form of protist typically found in warm bodies of fresh water, such as ponds, lakes, rivers, and hot springs.", "Naegleria is an ameba (single-celled living organism) commonly found in warm freshwater (for example, lakes, rivers, and hot springs) and soil. Only one species (type) of Naegleria infects people: Naegleria fowleri. You cannot get infected from drinking water contaminated with Naegleria." ], "url": [ "http://eol.org/pages/491170/details", "http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/naegleria/index.html", "http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/naegleria/general.html", "http://www.medicinenet.com/naegleria_infection/index.htm", "http://eol.org/pages/491170/details", "http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/naegleria/general.html" ] }

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