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[ "Pain in limb is a term used to describe discomfort affecting any part of a limb or extremity (such as an elbow or knee) or the entire limb (arm or leg)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Phantom limb pain (PLP) refers to ongoing painful sensations that seem to be coming from the part of the limb that is no longer there. The limb is gone, but the pain is real. The onset of this pain most often occurs soon after surgery. It can feel like a variety of things, such as burning, twisting, itching or pressure. ", "Pain in limb is a term used to describe discomfort affecting any part of a limb or extremity (such as an elbow or knee) or the entire limb (arm or leg). The term is general in nature and could be used to describe pain that arises from various causes. Risk for pain in limb is difficult to determine. As we age, musculoskeletal pain is more common. Unhealthy aging may be accompanied by both musculoskeletal and medical conditions that may generate pain. Every individual will experience some pain yearly.", "Phantom pains occur when nerves that would normally innervate the missing limb cause pain. It is often described as a burning or similarly strange sensation for people who are missing limbs. The missing limb often feels shorter and may feel as if it is in a distorted and painful position. Occasionally, the pain can be made worse by stress, anxiety, and weather changes. Phantom limb pain is usually intermittent. The frequency and intensity of attacks usually declines with time.", "Phantom limb pain is often described as a burning, stabbing, or throbbing sensation caused by neuropathic post-amputation pain. The pain is also typically described as the feeling of pins and needles. Phantom limb pain is a sensation of pain or a feeling of pins and needles following amputation.", "Phantom limb sensation is the term given to any sensory phenomenon (except pain) which is felt at an absent limb or a portion of the limb. It has been known that at least 80% of amputees experience phantom sensations at some time of their lives. Sensations are recorded most frequently following the amputation of an arm or a leg, but may also occur following the removal of a breast or an internal organ. Phantom limb pain is the feeling of pain in an absent limb or a portion of a limb.", "For other uses, see Phantom limb (disambiguation) . A phantom limb is the sensation that an amputated or missing limb (even an organ, like the appendix) is still attached to the body and is moving appropriately with other body parts. The missing limb often feels shorter and may feel as if it is in a distorted and painful position. Occasionally, the pain can be made worse by stress, anxiety, and weather changes. Phantom limb pain is usually intermittent. The frequency and intensity of attacks usually declines with time.", "Phantom pain sensations are described as perceptions that an individual experiences relating to a limb or an organ that is not physically part of the body. Limb loss is a result of either removal by amputation or congenital limb deficiency. Sensations are recorded most frequently following the amputation of an arm or a leg, but may also occur following the removal of a breast or an internal organ. Phantom limb pain is the feeling of pain in an absent limb or a portion of a limb.", "Phantom sensations may also occur after the removal of body parts other than the limbs, e.g. after amputation of the breast, extraction of a tooth (phantom tooth pain) or removal of an eye (phantom eye syndrome). The missing limb often feels shorter and may feel as if it is in a distorted and painful position. Occasionally, the pain can be made worse by stress, anxiety, and weather changes. Phantom limb pain is usually intermittent. The frequency and intensity of attacks usually declines with time.", "Phantom limb pain is pain that is felt in the area where an arm or leg has been amputated. Although the limb is gone, the nerve endings at the site of the amputation continue to send pain signals to the brain that make the brain think the limb is still there. ", "Although the limb is no longer there, the nerve endings at the site of the amputation continue to send pain signals to the brain that make the brain think the limb is still there. Sometimes, the brain memory of pain is retained and is interpreted as pain, regardless of signals from injured nerves. Successful treatment of phantom limb pain is difficult. Treatment is usually determined based on the person's level of pain, and multiple treatments may be combined. Some treatments include: 1 Heat application. 2 Biofeedback to reduce muscle tension. 3 Relaxation techniques." ], "url": [ "http://www.amputee-coalition.org/limb-loss-resource-center/resources-for-pain-management/managing-phantom-pain/", "http://www.mdguidelines.com/pain-in-limb", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_limb", "https://paindoctor.com/conditions/phantom-limb-pain/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_pain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_limb", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_pain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_limb", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/tc/phantom-limb-pain-and-chronic-pain-topic-overview", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/guide/phantom-limb-pain" ] }

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[ "88310 88311" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "alamogordo nm state zip code zip code of alamogordo nm is 88310 below you can find map of alamogordo or look up other zip codes in new mexico or other us states if alamogordo s zip code is duplicated and other places have same zip code number you can use our zip code searcher by number 88310 alamogordo have more then one zip code list of all alamogordo s zip codes 88310 88311", "climate overview alamogordo zip 88310 new mexico gets 11 inches of rain per year the us average is 37 snowfall is 4 inches the average us city gets 25 inches of snow per year", "zip code 88310 core based statistical area 88310 is located in the state of new mexico in the el paso metro area zip code 88310 is primarily located in otero county the official postal service name used for 88310 is alamogordo new mexico portions of the 88310 zip code are contained within or border the city limits of alamogordo nm boles acres nm la luz nm and holloman afb nm the 88310 area code is 575" ], "url": [ "http://alamogordo-nm.zip-codes.biz/", "http://www.bestplaces.net/climate/zip-code/new_mexico/alamogordo/88310", "http://www.zipdatamaps.com/88310" ] }

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[ "July is the hottest month in Costa Brava with an average temperature of 24°C (74°F) and the coldest is January at 8°C (46°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 12 in August." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Girona weather Temperature. The average temperature in Costa Brava during the year is 21 ºC with around 320 sunny days per year, which give you a good idea of how stable the weather is. These conditions are rarely found in any other part of the world.", "During the summer months, from June till early September, the average high stands at high twenties while the low fluctuates between 17°C and 20°C. July is both the sunniest and hottest month of the year when Costa Brava gets more than nine hours of sunshine and around 30°C of average high temperature. Winter, on the other hand, is chilly in Costa Brava. The season that starts in late November and lasts till February sees not more than 12°C of average high while the low drops below 6°C. January, the coldest month of the year, gets more than five hours of sunshine.", "Spring. Spring – March to May – in the Costa Brava is a bit wetter than winter but temperatures and sunshine levels increase throughout the season. The average high temperature increases to 18°C in March, 19°C in April and 23°C in May so from mid-April onwards, sunny days often see the temperature in the low 20s. Night times are quite a bit cooler, with the average low dropping down to minimum of 14°C in June. The highest temperature ever recorded in the Costa Brava fell during the summer season and took place on August 13 th 2013, when temperatures as high as 41.2°C were registered at the weather station in Girona.", "The average high temperature gets down to 13-15°C and the average low gets down to 2-3°C. January is always the coldest month of the year when temperatures regularly drop below freezing. On January 9 th 1985, the Costa Brava experienced its coldest day since records began, when temperatures plummeted down to -13°C. Night times are quite a bit cooler, with the average low dropping down to minimum of 14°C in June. The highest temperature ever recorded in the Costa Brava fell during the summer season and took place on August 13 th 2013, when temperatures as high as 41.2°C were registered at the weather station in Girona.", "Long range weather outlook for Costa Brava includes 14 day forecast summary: The next 14 day outlook for Costa Brava shows the average daytime maximum temperature will be around 20°C, with a high for the two weeks of 24°C expected on the afternoon of Thursday 22nd. We provide Costa Brava holiday weather for the next 7 and 14 days. The 7 day weather for Costa Brava provides weather information in 3 hourly intervals for each day and our 14 day Costa Brava weather provides weather data in 6 hourly intervals. We also provide monthly climate averages for Costa Brava.", "Check on the weather in the Costa Brava before you book your holiday. Whatever kind of trip you are planning, take a look at today's temperature, the outlook for tomorrow and what the weather is usually like at this time of year. The Costa Brava weather guide shown below is for Lloret de Mar. ", "Costa Brava: Annual Weather Averages. July is the hottest month in Costa Brava with an average temperature of 24°C (74°F) and the coldest is January at 8°C (46°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 12 in August. The wettest month is October with an average of 82mm of rain. ", "Summer. The summer season in the Costa Brava generally falls between June and September, when the region enjoys high temperatures and lots of sunshine. The average high temperature sits around 26-27°C in June and September, rising up to a peak of 30°C in July and August. Night times are quite a bit cooler, with the average low dropping down to minimum of 14°C in June. The highest temperature ever recorded in the Costa Brava fell during the summer season and took place on August 13 th 2013, when temperatures as high as 41.2°C were registered at the weather station in Girona.", "The Costa Brava climate guide is perfect for planning your holiday. Monthly weather averages give the best indication of what the weather is usually like for every month of the year including figures for temperature, rainfall and sunshine. The Costa Brava climate guide shown below is for Lloret de Mar" ], "url": [ "http://www.carspain.com/girona/weather.html", "http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Costa-Brava-weather-averages/Catalonia/ES.aspx", "http://www.holiday-weather.com/costa_brava/", "http://www.holiday-weather.com/costa_brava/", "http://www.myweather2.com/Holiday-Destinations/Spain/Costa-Brava/14-Day-Forecast.aspx", "http://www.weather2travel.com/holidayweather/spain/costa-brava/", "http://www.holiday-weather.com/costa_brava/averages/", "http://www.holiday-weather.com/costa_brava/", "http://www.weather2travel.com/climate-guides/spain/costa-brava/" ] }

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[ "Lowis and Lodovicus" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Recorded in over fifty different spellings from Lewis, Lois, Lowis and Loisi, to such as Ludovici, Lotze, Lohde, and Ludwikiewicz, throughout Europe this great and ancient name is generally accepted as being of pre 5th century Frankish origins. Lowis or Lewis is the Anglo-French form of the name, and Lowis le Briton was entered in the Red Book of the Exchequer, Essex, in 1166. The surname first appears on record at the beginning of the 13th Century (see below). William Lewys was noted as a witness in the 1267 Fines Court Rolls of Suffolk", "Lewis is a masculine English given name; it is a variant of the French name Louis, itself derived from Germanic (Frankish) Chlodwig. Lewis has also been used as an anglicisation of the Gaelic male given name Lughaidh. 1 Common English form, since the Middle Ages, of the Norman and French name Louis. Gender: Male. Usage: Lewis is a very popular first name. It is more often used as a boy (male) name. People having the name Lewis are in general originating from France, Germany, Malta, United Kingdom, United States of America. For another variant of the name Lewis across the world, see Louis.", "One such name is Llywelyn in Welsh which has been Anglicised into Lewis, with among the earliest examples being the Lewis family of Glamorgan in the 1540s. Another is the Gaelic surname Mac Lughaidh, meaning son of Lughaidh , which has also been Anglicised as Lewis. It has several independent origins. One of origins of the surname, in England and Wales, is from the Norman personal name Lowis, Lodovicus. This name is composed of the Germanic elements hlod and wig, meaning fame and war.", "LEWIS Surname Meaning & Origin: The Lewis surname is generally derived from the Germanic given name Lewis (Lowis, Lodovicus), meaning reknowned, famous battle, from the Germanic elements hlod ‘fame’ + wig ‘war’. In Wales, the Lewis surname may have derived from an Anglicized form of the personal name Llywelyn. As an Irish or Scottish surname, Lewis can be an Anglicized form of the Gaelic Mac Lughaidh, meaning son of Lughaidh, derived from Lugh 'brightness.'.", "Lewis is a surname in the English language. It has several independent origins. One of origins of the surname, in England and Wales, is from the Norman personal name Lowis, Lodovicus. This name is composed of the Germanic elements hlod and wig, meaning fame and war. The name developed into the Old French Clovis, Clouis, Louis; as well as into the German Ludwig", "The name Lewis is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Lewis is: Famous in war. French Meaning: The name Lewis is a French baby name. In French the meaning of the name Lewis is: Famous warrior, from the Old German 'Chlodovech'. Aloysius is the name of the Italian Saint Aloysius of Gonzaga, and common among British Roman Catholics. English Meaning: The name Lewis is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Lewis is: English Famous warrior. In Wales, sometimes Lewis is used in place of Llewellyn. Famous Bearer: 19th century writer Lewis Carroll.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Surname: Lewis Recorded in over fifty different spellings from Lewis, Lois, Lowis and Loisi, to such as Ludovici, Lotze, Lohde, and Ludwikiewicz, throughout Europe this great and ancient name is generally accepted as being of pre 5th century Frankish origins. Lowis or Lewis is the Anglo-French form of the name, and Lowis le Briton was entered in the Red Book of the Exchequer, Essex, in 1166. The surname first appears on record at the beginning of the 13th Century (see below). William Lewys was noted as a witness in the 1267 Fines Court Rolls of Suffolk", "Origin of the name Louis: Derived from the Old French Loeis, which is from the Old High German Hluodowig (famous in war), a compound name composed from the elements hluod (famous) and wīg (war, strife). Var: Lewis, Luis. From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman. " ], "url": [ "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Lewis", "https://themeaningofthename.com/lewis/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_(surname)", "http://genealogy.about.com/od/surname_meaning/p/lewis.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_(surname)", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/lewis", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100215161010AAd0T56", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/lewis" ] }

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[ "A deepened meander of a river which is carried downward further below the valley surface in which the meander originally formed.Also known as inherited meander.", "A deepened meander of a river which is carried downward further below the valley surface in which the meander originally formed." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Split and merge into it. Answered by The Community. Making the world better, one answer at a time. An entrenched meander is a deepened turn in a river or stream. It is the product of land uplift followed by a downcutting of a stream or river. ", "This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis. Note that some information is displayed differently in the Unabridged. To access the complete Unabridged Dictionary, with an additional 300,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary, start a free trial.", "Entrenched meanders of the Virgin River at the upper end of Zion Canyon, Zion National Park, Utah. An entrenched river is a river that is confined to a canyon or gorge, usually with a relatively narrow width and little or no flood plain, and often with meanders worn into the landscape.", ": incised meander; specifically: one with slopes of about the same steepness on each side of the stream — compare ingrown meander. ADVERTISEMENT. Note that some information is displayed differently in the Unabridged. To access the complete Unabridged Dictionary, with an additional 300,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary, start a free trial.", "entrenched meander. (hydrology). A deepened meander of a river which is carried downward further below the valley surface in which the meander originally formed. Also known as inherited meander. 1 Facebook. 2 Twitt", "mai 2013. The development of graceful river meanders and oxbow lakes is explained in this short Two Minute Geology video. Entrenched Meanders are also explained. Entrenched Meanders form when tectonic uplift begins underneath an meandering river system-causing the river to carve a meandering river canyon. In addition to the Yakima River Canyon in Washington, the San Juan River also features excellent entrenched meanders at Gooseneck State Park in Utah.", "Incised Meanders. Incised meanders are meanders which are particularly well developed and occur when a river’s base level has fallen giving the river a large amount of vertical erosion power, allowing it to downcut. There are two types of incised meanders, entrenched meanders and ingrown meanders. entrenched meanders are symmetrical and form when the river downcuts particularly quickly. Due to the speed which the river downcuts, there is little opportunity for lateral erosion to occur giving them their symmetrical shape. This can be a consequence of either a fall in the amount of sea water or the land rising. Both are the result of the comings and goings of ice ages. The effect on rivers is to produce features called “knick points” (which can be seen as waterfalls and rapids), river terraces and incised meanders.", "Rejuvenation occurs when the river’s base level falls (i.e. when sea level falls). This can be a consequence of either a fall in the amount of sea water or the land rising. Both are the result of the comings and goings of ice ages. The effect on rivers is to produce features called “knick points” (which can be seen as waterfalls and rapids), river terraces and incised meanders." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_an_entrenched_meander", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/entrenched%20meander", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrenched_river", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/entrenched%20meander", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/entrenched+meander", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STgbHFvUMlE", "https://geographyas.info/rivers/rejuvenation/", "https://geographyas.info/rivers/rejuvenation/" ] }

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[ "$8.55 - $16.62" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "CNA Salaries. CNA Salaries. Median annual CNA salaries were about $24,420 in May 2012. The lowest 10 percent earned a CNA salary of less than about $18,300, and the highest 10 percent earned a CNA wage of more than about $35,330. CNA and other nursing assistant salaries are included in these figures and the detailed figures below", "The national average pay for a CNA ranges from $8.55 per hour at the low end to $16.62 on the high end. The median CNA hourly rate is $11.54. Annually, average CNA pay goes from $17,800 to $34,600 at the high end, with a median salary of $24,000. When it comes to average CNA pay, CNA pay in Alaska has the highest hourly wage with median pay at $16.40 per hour, compared to the national average of $11.54. CNA pay in New York follows with 15.38 per hour. The following states have the highest CNA pay:", "Average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings in Arizona are 18% lower than average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings nationwide. The average salary ranks 43rd among states in the country. Average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings in Illinois are 13% higher than average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings nationwide. The average salary ranks 5th", "CNA pay in California, for example, averages $15.93 per hour in San Francisco, while the median CNA pay in Los Angeles is $11.61. CNA pay in New York City is $16.20, but the average pay of a CNA in Buffalo drops to $12.61. When it comes to average CNA pay, CNA pay in Alaska has the highest hourly wage with median pay at $16.40 per hour, compared to the national average of $11.54. CNA pay in New York follows with 15.38 per hour. The following states have the highest CNA pay:", "Certified Nurse Assistant (CNA) Salary. (United States). The average pay for a Certified Nurse Assistant (CNA) is $10.99 per hour. Skills that are associated with high pay for this job are Telemetry, Operating Room / OR, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and Emergency Room (ER", "Therefore on an average the salary of a certified nursing assistant ranges between $25000 and $ 35000 per year. This salary structure is beneficial for all the people working as a CNA in their respective organization. The concept of CNA salary per hour is because this services is almost required full day and night i.e. 24 x 7. Basically it is divided into 2 slots, day slot and night slot. People working in night slots are paid more salary as compared to those working in the day slot.", "For example the median expected hourly pay for a typical Certified Nursing Assistant in the United States is $15 an hour, so 50% of the people who perform the job of Certified Nursing Assistant in the United States are expected to make less than $15 an hour. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. Median $15. The hourly wages for someone with the job title Certified Nursing Assistant may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education.", "Average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings in Delaware are 12% lower than average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings nationwide. The average salary ranks 33rd among states in the country. Average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings in Illinois are 13% higher than average Certified Nursing Assistant salaries for job postings nationwide. The average salary ranks 5th" ], "url": [ "http://cnacareer.yolasite.com/cna-salaries.php", "http://www.mycnajobs.com/caregiver-cna-pay/", "http://nursejournal.org/certified-nursing-assistant/cna-careers-salary-outlook/", "http://www.mycnajobs.com/caregiver-cna-pay/", "http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Certified_Nurse_Assistant_(CNA)/Hourly_Rate", "http://www.ecnatraining.com/faq/cna-salary-per-hour.html", "http://www1.salary.com/Certified-Nursing-Assistant-hourly-wages.html", "http://nursejournal.org/certified-nursing-assistant/cna-careers-salary-outlook/" ] }

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[ "HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Viruses and bacteria are two types of potentially disease-causing (pathogenic) particles. Viruses are much smaller than bacteria and can’t reproduce without the assistance of a host. Bacteria are capable of reproducing on their own. The symptoms of viral and bacterial illnesses are sometimes similar. Examples include: 1 Rhinovirus is the virus that most often causes the common cold, but there are more than 200 different viruses that can cause colds. 2 Cold symptoms like coughing, sneezing, mild headache, and sore throat typically last for up to 2 weeks.", "HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, the body's natural defense system. Without a strong immune system, the body has trouble fighting off disease. Both the virus and the infection it causes are called HIV. White blood cells are an important part of the immune system. HIV infects and destroys certain white blood cells called CD4+ cells.", "Viral diseases: Introduction. A viral infection is any type of illness or disease caused by a virus, a type of microbe. Microbes are tiny organisms that cannot be seen without a microscope and include bacteria, fungi, and some parasites, as well as viruses. ", "Other Viral Infections. Viruses are abundant in the world and cause many other infections ranging from mild to life-threatening. 1 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a type of herpes virus that’s associated with fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and an enlarged spleen. Examples include: 1 Rhinovirus is the virus that most often causes the common cold, but there are more than 200 different viruses that can cause colds. 2 Cold symptoms like coughing, sneezing, mild headache, and sore throat typically last for up to 2 weeks.", "Virus is a microscopic organism that lives in a cell of another living thing. Although viruses are extremely small and simple, they are a major cause of disease. Some viruses infect human beings with such diseases as measles, influenza, and the common cold. Others infect animals or plants, and still others attack bacteria. Viruses produce disease in an organism by damaging some of its cells. Viruses infect all kinds of plants and can cause serious damage to crops. Plant cells have tough walls that a virus cannot penetrate. But insects penetrate the cell walls while feeding on a plant and thus enable viruses to enter. Plant viruses may infect one or two leaves or an entire plant.", "The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive. ", "A virus is a tiny organism that causes an infection in the body. Viruses are made up of the genetic material known as DNA or RNA, which the virus uses to replicate. In order for a virus to survive, it must invade and attach itself to a living cell. When the cell dies, new types of viruses are released, and they infect other cells. This is how viruses cause disease. Generally, viruses will only infect one type of cell. For example, the cold virus will only infect cells of the upper respiratory tract. Viruses can be transmitted in numerous ways, such as through contact with an infected person, swallowing, inhalation, or unsafe sex" ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/viral_infections_pictures_slideshow/article.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/hiv-aids/tc/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-infection-topic-overview", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/v/viral/intro.htm", "http://www.medicinenet.com/viral_infections_pictures_slideshow/article.htm", "http://www.homeoint.org/site/ahmad/virus.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV", "http://www.nativeremedies.com/ailment/types-of-viral-infections.html" ] }

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[ "Ranges between $ 800 - $ 1300 per syringe", "$ 400 $ 1300" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "where i live juvederm is sold by the syringe and it s around $ 600 per most people will put 1 2 syringes in their naso labial folds botox is sold by the unit and it s anywhere from $ 10 $ 15 per unit the average cost to do the 11s is between $ 350 and $ 475 after the age of 30 our bodies make 1 % less collagen per year so by the time your my age 51 you re making 21 % less collagen yikes this juvederm is supposed to last anywhere from 4 months up to a year and where this is my first time i don t know how long it ll last on me", "if the cost is evaluated on a per syringe basis the average cost of juvederm xc ultra plus may range between $ 550 and $ 700 whereas the cost of juvederm xc ultra plus may range from $ 600 to $ 750 some patients may choose a version of juvederm without lidocaine which may reduce the cost marginally the average cost of a single juvederm treatment at a facility may range anywhere between $ 500 and $ 1000 depending on the extent of treatment and other factors", "the cost of juvederm procedures can vary widely depending on where it is being done and the qualifications of whoever is performing the procedure typical costs fall in the range of $ 450 $ 1200 juvederm results are known to last from 3 6 months depending on the individual ", "botox usually lasts from 3 6 months but mine only lasts about 10 12 weeks because my metabolism is so fast juvederm usually costs around $ 625 per syringe so i paid about $ 300 for the procedure he also had a deal on botox for $ 10 per unit which he allowed me to use as well after the age of 30 our bodies make 1 % less collagen per year so by the time your my age 51 you re making 21 % less collagen yikes this juvederm is supposed to last anywhere from 4 months up to a year and where this is my first time i don t know how long it ll last on me", "cost of juvederm juvederm cost typically ranges between $ 800 and $ 1300 per syringe depending on the formula used and other factors in some cases a second syringe may be needed for a fully satisfactory outcome some practices may offer a reduced rate for the second syringe in these cases", "cost the cost of juvederm injections varies based on the areas treated amount used and the location of the practice in general the cost ranges from $ 300 to $ 800 ", "juvederm cost range cheap moderate high priced price indicator cost of juvederm $ 400 $ 1300 average cost $ 700 prices include prices quoted are per syringe a second syringe may be required in some cases range cheap moderate high priced price indicator cost of juvederm $ 400 $ 1300 average cost $ 700 prices include prices quoted are per syringe", "having successful cosmetic treatments for your face is not expensive it is priceless juvederm juvéderm voluma volift and volbella cost $ 575 for the first syringe with a $ 50 discount for additional syringes used on the same day one syringe might be used for the lips or for the nasolabial folds for example the benefits of juvederm juvéderm treatment may be visible for 12 18 months sometimes longer depending on the location and amount of the treatment and the nature of your skin for example highly mobile areas like the lips tend to require at least a touch up treatment after about 6 months" ], "url": [ "http://www.hotandflashy50.com/experience-filler-juvederm-botox/", "http://day-spa-orlando.com/average-juvederm-treatment-cost/", "http://wrinklecream.net/Juvederm.htm", "http://www.hotandflashy50.com/experience-filler-juvederm-botox/", "http://www.yourplasticsurgeryguide.com/injectables-and-fillers/juvederm.htm", "http://www.facialplasticsurgery.net/juvederm.htm", "http://howmuchcostof.com/juvederm-cost/", "http://smithlaser.com/fillers/juvederm/" ] }

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[ "Probiotics are good bacteria that are the same as or similar to the bacteria naturally present in healthy bodies." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "If you could count all the bacteria in your gut, you would find that they outnumber the total number of cells in your body by a large number. The cells that make up your body (heart, liver, bone, and brain cells) add up to around 10 13 cells (10,000,000,000,000).", "Gut Flora. The use of the word 'flora' to describe gut bacteria is apt. Just as weeds compete for space and nutrients in a garden and 'choke out' healthy plants, so 'bad' bacteria can behave the same way in the intestines, potentially threatening digestive – and therefore overall – health.", "Probiotics are good bacteria that are the same as or similar to the bacteria naturally present in healthy bodies. For example, you normally have a thriving population of bacteria in your gut, which help you digest food. Probiotic supplements can increase your levels of these good-for-you microorganisms.", "There is some evidence that the bacteria in the gut help to stimulate and help to train the immune system. 3 There is also some intriguing new research that supports the theory that gut bacteria can have a calming effect on an overactiv", "While it is predominantly bacteria that populate our gut-zoo, some fungi, and even viruses, can set up house in the digestive system. Most people know their guts house bacteria, but many are unaware of how important they are to overall health.", "Bacteria line your intestines and help you digest food. During digestion, they make vitamins that are vital for life, send signals to the immune system, and make small molecules that can help your brain work. “Without gut bacteria, we wouldn’t be anything.", "The bacteria in your gut outnumber the cells that make up you ten to one. By far, most of these bacteria are found in the colon. It is estimated that together, all the bacteria in your gut weigh between three and five pounds.", "Food enters the mouth and passes to the anus through the hollow organs of the GI tract. The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of the digestive system. The digestive system helps the body digest food. Bacteria in the GI tract, also called gut flora or microbiome, help with digestion.", "Gut bacteria aren’t the only thing influencing your immune system. Your intestines are home to many different kinds of bacteria (and some non-bacterial organisms as well). Together they’re called the “gut microbiome.”. They come from the food you eat – and whatever else gets into your mouth." ], "url": [ "http://www.puristat.com/coloncleansing/gutbacteria.aspx", "http://www.yakult.co.uk/the-digestive-system/gut-bacteria-science", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/dietary-supplements/how-do-probiotics-work", "http://www.puristat.com/coloncleansing/gutbacteria.aspx", "http://www.puristat.com/coloncleansing/gutbacteria.aspx", "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/news/20140820/your-gut-bacteria", "http://www.puristat.com/coloncleansing/gutbacteria.aspx", "http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Anatomy/your-digestive-system/Pages/anatomy.aspx", "http://www.science20.com/the_conversation/what_does_your_gut_microbiome_have_to_do_with_your_immune_system-153232" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Stop taking LEVAQUIN and tell your healthcare provider right away if you have yellowing of your skin or white part of your eyes, or if you have dark urine. 2 These can be signs of a serious reaction to LEVAQUIN (a liver problem). 3 Central Nervous System Effects. 1 LEVAQUIN Tablets can be taken with or without food. 2 Take LEVAQUIN Oral Solution 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. 3 If you miss a dose of LEVAQUIN, take it as soon as you remember. 4 Do not take more than 1 dose in 1 day.", "1 Drink plenty of fluids while taking Levaquin. 2 Levaquin tablets can be taken with or without food. 3 Take Levaquin oral solution one hour before or two hours after eating. 4 If you miss a dose of Levaquin, take it as soon as you remember. 5 Do not take more than one dose in one day. 1 If you miss a dose of Levaquin, take it as soon as you remember. 2 Do not take more than one dose in one day. 3 Levaquin for injection is given to you by intravenous (IV) infusion into your vein, slowly, over 60 or 90 minutes, as prescribed by your health care provider.", "Not a great idea. Not because of the infection, but because Levaquin increases the risk of tendon rupture. Being safe is best, and not just with exercise, but while taking levaquin, no fast starts or anything, try not to stress the tendons, ligaments in the body. ", "1 While diarrhea is a common side effect of Levaquin, bloody or watery diarrhea may be a sign of a serious reaction to Levaquin that can occur when certain bacteria (Clostridium difficile) overgrow in the colon. 2 This severe reaction can occur long after you stop taking Levaquin and can be life-threatening. Some warnings and precautions to be aware of with Levaquin include the following: 1 Levaquin can cause severe allergic reactions. 2 Seek immediate medical attention if you develop any signs of an allergic reaction, such as a rash or hives, itching, swelling of the lips or throat, wheezing, or difficulty breathing.", "Talk to your healthcare provider about the precautions and warnings with levofloxacin to help ensure safe use of the drug. Do not exercise until your healthcare provider makes sure you do not have a ruptured tendon. This problem can occur while you are taking the medication or even months later. 1 This severe reaction can occur long after you stop taking levofloxacin and can be life-threatening. 2 Levofloxacin can cause nerve problems. 3 Be sure to tell your healthcare provider if you develop any unusual sensations (such as numbness, burning, or tingling) while taking levofloxacin.", "1 Levaquin can cause changes in blood sugar (both high and low) in people with diabetes. 2 If you have diabetes, you may need to monitor your blood sugar more closely while taking this drug. 3 People taking this drug may become more sensitive to the sun. Some warnings and precautions to be aware of with Levaquin include the following: 1 Levaquin can cause severe allergic reactions. 2 Seek immediate medical attention if you develop any signs of an allergic reaction, such as a rash or hives, itching, swelling of the lips or throat, wheezing, or difficulty breathing.", "You should not take Levaquin if you have a known sensitivity or allergy to levofloxacin and other quinolones (the family of antibiotics that encompasses fluoroquinolones). You should also avoid the drug if you have the neuromuscular disease myasthenia gravis, as the drug could worsen your muscle weakness. ", "1 Levofloxacin can cause changes in blood sugar (both high and low) in people with diabetes. 2 If you have diabetes, you may need to monitor your blood sugar more closely while taking levofloxacin. 3 This drug can cause sensitivity to the sun. 1 This severe reaction can occur long after you stop taking levofloxacin and can be life-threatening. 2 Levofloxacin can cause nerve problems. 3 Be sure to tell your healthcare provider if you develop any unusual sensations (such as numbness, burning, or tingling)", "1 Levaquin is not approved to be used in children except to prevent infection after anthrax exposure or to treat or prevent plague. 2 Levaquin can cause changes in blood sugar (both high and low) in people with diabetes. 3 If you have diabetes, you may need to monitor your blood sugar more closely while taking this drug. Some warnings and precautions to be aware of with Levaquin include the following: 1 Levaquin can cause severe allergic reactions. 2 Seek immediate medical attention if you develop any signs of an allergic reaction, such as a rash or hives, itching, swelling of the lips or throat, wheezing, or difficulty breathing.", "Levofloxacin may cause serious liver problems, including hepatitis. Check with your doctor right away if you start having nausea or vomiting, dark urine, light-colored stools, stomach pain, or yellow eyes or skin while you are using this medicine. Levofloxacin may cause diarrhea, and in some cases it can be severe. It may occur 2 months or more after you stop using this medicine. Do not take any medicine to treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor" ], "url": [ "http://www.rxlist.com/levaquin-drug/medication-guide.htm", "http://answers.webmd.com/answers/1168170/how-should-i-take-levaquin", "http://www.sparkpeople.com/mypage_public_journal_individual.asp?blog_id=3917982", "http://antibiotics.emedtv.com/levaquin/levaquin-warnings-and-precautions.html", "http://bacteria.emedtv.com/levofloxacin/precautions-and-warnings-with-levofloxacin.html", "http://antibiotics.emedtv.com/levaquin/levaquin-warnings-and-precautions.html", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/levaquin", "http://bacteria.emedtv.com/levofloxacin/precautions-and-warnings-with-levofloxacin.html", "http://antibiotics.emedtv.com/levaquin/levaquin-warnings-and-precautions.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/levofloxacin-oral-route/precautions/DRG-20064518" ] }

[]

[ "Non-indigenous species are species introduced outside their natural past or present range, which might survive and subsequently reproduce." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Several human activities form pathways for the introduction of non-indigenous species: 1 Ballast water of freighters is a possible way of introducing non-indigenous species. 2 If a ship is not fully loaded, water is used to maintain the draft, stability and strength of the ship. Non-indigenous species are species introduced outside their natural past or present range, which might survive and subsequently reproduce. These species are introduced in situations where exchange of people or goods takes place between countries and continents, by shipping for example.", "The term “non-indigenous population,” or “NIP” may be used for this concept. 2.2 Marine Resource Center staff, to whom queries and notices regarding non-indigenous species may be directed, include: 2.2.1 The Marine Resources Department Manager. 2.2.2 The MBL Veterinarian. 2.1.1 MBL also distinguishes and treats non-local species of native species as non-indigenous based on an assumption that populations may possess distinct traits or genetic diversity and may also possess associated non-native pathogens or other commensal or parasitic organisms.", "Definition of terms. Non-native species. The term 'non-native species' is used throughout this website and is the equivalent of 'alien species' as used by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It refers to a species, subspecies or lower taxon, introduced (i.e. by human action) outside its natural past or present distribution; includes any part, gametes, seeds, eggs, or propagules of such species that might survive and subsequently reproduce.", "The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) defines non-indigenous species as species whose introduction or spread threaten biodiversity. Non-indigenous species are species introduced outside their natural past or present range, which might survive and subsequently reproduce. These species are introduced in situations where exchange of people or goods takes place between countries and continents, by shipping for example.", "Non-native species are species that have been introduced into new areas that have not historically been part of their native range. 'Exotic,' 'alien,' 'nonindigenous,' and 'introduced' are all synonymous terms referring to non-native species. In contrast, native species are species that have historically occurred as part of an ecosystem in a specific location. Native species are also called indigenous species. Introduction is defined by Krueger and May (1991) as the transfer by humans of an organism outside its native range. Exotic species have the potential to become invasive when they are released into a new environment. Invasive nonindigenous species are those species whose introduction causes, or is likely to cause, significant economic or environmental harm. Not all non-native species become invasive when released to novel systems.", "1 Ballast water of freighters is a possible way of introducing non-indigenous species. 2 If a ship is not fully loaded, water is used to maintain the draft, stability and strength of the ship. 3 This ballast water is usually taken up locally in harbours during unloading or en route on rivers and oceans. Non-indigenous species are species introduced outside their natural past or present range, which might survive and subsequently reproduce. These species are introduced in situations where exchange of people or goods takes place between countries and continents, by shipping for example.", "Other definitions include: 1. An introduced, non native species, or a species that is the result of direct or indirect, deliberate or accidental introduction of the species by humans, and for which introduction permitted the species to cross a natural barrier to dispersal (Noss and Cooperrider 1994). Invasion biology is the study of these organisms and the processes of species invasion. The terminology in this page contains definitions for invasion biology terms in common usage today, taken from accessible publications. References for each definition are included.", "More than 500 fish and wildlife nonnative species, also known as exotic species, have been observed in Florida. Not all nonnative species present a threat to native species, but some have become invasive by causing harm to native species, posing a threat to human health and safety, or causing economic damage. ", "In the event that a non-indigenous species or member(s) of a non-indigenous population of a native species is accidentally released in the local environment, immediate reporting is the key to an effective response. 2.1.1 MBL also distinguishes and treats non-local species of native species as non-indigenous based on an assumption that populations may possess distinct traits or genetic diversity and may also possess associated non-native pathogens or other commensal or parasitic organisms.", "2.1 The term “non-indigenous species,” as used in this document, is synonymous with, or includes, the terms “introduced,” “alien,” “exotic” and “non-native” species. 2.1.1 MBL also distinguishes and treats non-local species of native species as non-indigenous based on an assumption that populations may possess distinct traits or genetic diversity and may also possess associated non-native pathogens or other commensal or parasitic organisms." ], "url": [ "http://ec.europa.eu/environment/marine/good-environmental-status/descriptor-2/index_en.htm", "http://www.mbl.edu/mrc/about/use/non-indigenous-species/", "http://www.nonnativespecies.org/index.cfm?pageid=64", "http://ec.europa.eu/environment/marine/good-environmental-status/descriptor-2/index_en.htm", "http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Nonnatives.htm", "http://ec.europa.eu/environment/marine/good-environmental-status/descriptor-2/index_en.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_biology_terminology", "http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/nonnatives/", "http://www.mbl.edu/mrc/about/use/non-indigenous-species/", "http://www.mbl.edu/mrc/about/use/non-indigenous-species/" ] }

[]

[ "Many forensic science tech educational programs offer master’s degrees in the field, which will take an extra 12 to 24 months of your time if you go to school full time." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Educational Requirements for Forensic Science Technicians. The basic requirement for most forensic science technician jobs is a bachelor's degree in forensic science or a natural science, such as chemistry, biology, molecular biology or physics. The American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) offers voluntary certification to forensic science technicians who have a bachelor's degree in a natural science field and two years of forensics work experience (www.criminalistics.com).", "Instructions. Decide if you would like being a forensic scientist or science technician. You will need to take plenty of college-level math and science courses. Once you're hired you will need to be comfortable with looking at and handling bodies, tissues and body fluids. ", "On the average, a bachelor’s degree in forensic science and technology can cost about $33,000 a year for tuition and fees, books and supplies and room and board. However, the ranges can vary from $11,000 to about $54,000 annually for these expenses. ", "Requirements. Education. To obtain a job in a crime laboratory, aspiring forensic lab technicians should have a four-year bachelor’s degree, preferably in one of the life sciences, forensic science or criminal justice. Forensic lab technicians are not required to have a license or certification, but they do need to pass proficiency tests on occasion. They must stay well informed of advances in the field by attending conferences, seminars or additional training classes.", "Becoming a forensic science tech means continual education for as long as you work in this field. According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average annual salary for forensic science technicians was $55,660 in 2011. There are a lot of factors that could affect your potential salary: 1 Type of industry. 2 Level of education. 3 Experience", "A: In order to become a forensic scientist, you will need an education in forensic sciences. If you are just looking for an entry level in the criminal justice sector, you can go for a 6 month certificate or diploma. A 4 year bachelor's degree can also get you entry-level positions with forensic departments. A: In order to become a qualified Forensic Chemist, you need to gain education in the field of forensic science, involving a criminal justice element. The most basic degree that you need to acquire is the Bachelor of Science in Chemistry.", "A: The length of a forensic science program will depend on which degree program you're enrolled in. An associate degree program will generally take around two years to complete, while a bachelor's degree will take four years. A: In order to become a qualified Forensic Chemist, you need to gain education in the field of forensic science, involving a criminal justice element. The most basic degree that you need to acquire is the Bachelor of Science in Chemistry.", "How to Become a Forensic Science Technician. Forensic science technicians typically need at least a bachelor’s degree in the natural sciences, such as chemistry or biology. On-the-job training is usually required for both those who investigate crime scenes and those who work in labs. Many of those who seek to become forensic science technicians will have an undergraduate degree in the natural sciences and a master’s degree in forensic science. Many crime scene investigators are sworn police officers and have met educational requirements necessary for admittance into a police academy.", "Your education shouldn’t stop when you graduate with a bachelor’s degree. Many forensic science tech educational programs offer master’s degrees in the field, which will take an extra 12 to 24 months of your time if you go to school full time. However, that advanced degree can help you find a job in a tightening job market. According to The Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average annual salary for forensic science technicians was $55,660 in 2011. There are a lot of factors that could affect your potential salary: 1 Type of industry.", "If you are interested in a career as a forensic science technician, you will need to obtain a bachelor’s degree in chemistry or biology. There are also some schools that offer an undergraduate degree specifically in forensic science or forensic science technology. These provide a more direct preparation for a career as a forensic science technician. Bachelor’s degrees typically take four years to complete. Many forensic science technicians don’t just stop at a bachelor’s degree. They also obtain a master’s degree in the field. These programs typically take a couple of" ], "url": [ "http://study.com/forensic_science_technician.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_2074241_become-forensic-science-technician.html", "http://www.careerigniter.com/questions/how-much-does-forensic-science-technician-school-cost/", "http://www.innerbody.com/careers-in-health/how-to-become-a-forensic-lab-technician.html", "http://www.bestforensicscienceschools.com/how-long-does-it-take-to-become-a-forensic-science-tech/", "http://www.excite.com/education/criminal-justice/forensics/careers/how-to-become-a-forensic-scientist", "http://www.excite.com/education/criminal-justice/forensics/careers/how-to-become-a-forensic-scientist", "http://www.bls.gov/ooh/life-physical-and-social-science/forensic-science-technicians.htm", "http://www.bestforensicscienceschools.com/how-long-does-it-take-to-become-a-forensic-science-tech/", "http://www.careerigniter.com/questions/how-long-does-forensic-science-technician-school-take/" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "I'm sorry to say that there is no way to learn ballet at home without an instructor. you will hurt yourself and could cause irreparable damage to your knees and ankles. ballet is all about the technique not the splits. the splits are to help with flexibility so you can do ponches, arabesques, jettes and all that. ", "If you want to learn how to dance, you first have to pick a style. Next, you can spend some time learning on your own. Alternatively, join a class at a local community college to improve your skills. Don't forget, you'll need to give your body some love by eating right and exercising to be a stellar dancer. ", "• Even if you are learning at home try to attend ballet classes once or twice a month so that a trained professional can see what you have learnt and where you are going wrong, if at all. It can be a totally different experience for you to attend a class and learn it under the supervision of a professional. This is one dance form that can be pursued as a hobby by anyone who has the much needed will and interest. Nowadays, many people are learning ballet due to its numerous health benefits. You can either join ballet classes according to your daily schedule or learn it at home.", "Use something in place of a barre. In ballet, most classes use barres. You can make one easily out of wood, pipes, or even a table and chairs! Here on wikiHow, you can learn how to make a barre. If you don't want to, use the back of chair or table. Anything that supports your weight and is balanced. Find a place to workout. When dancing at home, you want a place with a wood floor and if possible, a full body mirror. Regular ballet schools have barres, mirrors, and wood floors. If you have an empty room, dance there. If you have enough space in your bedroom, dance there. You can even go to a community center and borrow a room there", "If you don't have a ballet barre at home, you can use the kitchen counter or you can use your bed post, you can use just about anything, on railing. You can even do the two feet without a barre at all. Also, therabands are really great for developing strength and you don't need a lot of space to use them. Learning ballet pointe can be accomplished right at home, so long as you approach things in the appropriate way. Learn ballet pointe at home with help from an expert with over a decade of experience teaching classical ballet in this free video clip. Part of the Video Series: Advanced Ballet: Partnering & Pointe.", "http://www.balletbibledvd.com/?learnb... If you are looking for a great resource to learn ballet at home then check out the incredible range of videos that come with the Ballet Bible DVD series. You can learn at your own pace and watch each movement back as many times as you like. This is one of the best information guides available for learning ballet. ", "Best Answer: Please DON'T practice at home UNTIL you're in classes. If you try to learn things on your own now you'll only teach yourself bad or lazy habits that will be very hard to correct in the future. It's impossible to teach yourself ballet because you need the constant correction of a qualified teacher. Work on getting yourself into ballet shape by taking a yoga or pilates class (you can do those at home with a DVD). Those will work the muscles you'll use in your dance classes. Practicing at home is not safe if you've never had formal training, and I'd really advise against it.", "For more dancing styles click here. With our step by step videos you can learn to dance some of the most popular dance styles including Ballroom, Latin, Belly dance, Hip Hop, Ballet, Tap dance, Irish step dancing and more. We have lots of free online dance lessons available here for you. Once you choose the dance style you want to focus on, you can learn to dance immediately by going through the moves of your choice at your own pace, from the privacy of your home. Our dance videos will teach you everything you need to know including the timing, footwork, partnering, styling and technique.", "Dance. Since you cannot actually dance ballet safely at home, look up some simple moves (like 1-5th positions) and some ballet themed workouts on the internet. Some moves are even on wikiHow and it shows how to do them! Watch some ballet classes on YouTube to help get some ideas with your workout. Find a place to workout. When dancing at home, you want a place with a wood floor and if possible, a full body mirror. Regular ballet schools have barres, mirrors, and wood floors. If you have an empty room, dance there. If you have enough space in your bedroom, dance there. You can even go to a community center and borrow a room there" ], "url": [ "https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110309055656AAO271S", "http://www.wikihow.com/Learn-to-Dance", "http://discoverahobby.com/learn/Ballet", "http://www.wikihow.com/Do-Ballet-at-Home", "http://www.ehow.com/video_12240567_learning-ballet-pointe-home.html", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbpwjyujEew", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100508012331AAL5LLs", "http://www.learntodance.com/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Do-Ballet-at-Home" ] }

[]

[ "7 days", "10 or more days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Technical Steps Involved In DNA Analysis Of Casework. My goal here is to give a reasonable time-line in hours of how long it actually takes for a DNA analyst to process evidence in a typical case, from body fluid identification to a written report. Total Time Spent on Case: 54 hours 15 minutes. Conclusion. Obviously, this time-line is a rough estimate of how long it would take to analyze a relatively straightforward case based on my experience in the laboratory. The total time adds up to approximately 54 hours and 15 minutes.", "The DNA is then separated from the rest of the cell (and whatever else might be in the sample) using a series of chemical treatments. There are several methods of extraction available in molecular biology. An extraction can take anywhere from 5 minutes to over 2 hours (not including an overnight digestion). We can then look at each piece of DNA and interpret it into a DNA profile. Depending on your equipment, this process can take up to 48 hours for a batch, but most modern labs can complete this in under 6 hours.", "Organic extraction: 4 hours 30 minutes Organic differential extraction: 8 hours 30 minutes QIAamp® DNA Micro extraction: 2 hours 30 minutes. Total Time Spent On Case At This Point: 22 hours. DNA Quantitation. The next step is to determine how much human DNA is present in the extracted samples. Total Time Spent on Case: 54 hours 15 minutes. Conclusion. Obviously, this time-line is a rough estimate of how long it would take to analyze a relatively straightforward case based on my experience in the laboratory. The total time adds up to approximately 54 hours and 15 minutes.", "In the end how long does a DNA test take is a question that can never be answered correctly, you have to try your best to find the best DNA lab in your neighborhood where the blood samples are properly collected. For every DNA test you need a sample of your blood from which the DNA is extracted and analyzed. The DNA test mostly relies on the experience of the lab scientist that observes the structure closely to figure out the genes within the DNA.", "99.9% of the DNA from two people will be identical. The 0.1% of DNA code sequences that vary from person to person are what make us unique. These sequences are called genetic markers, and are the part of the code that forensic scientists use when doing a DNA test. Steve Jones explains the power of DNA testing. The accuracy of DNA tests has big implications. DNA tests are sometimes the only evidence to prove that a suspect was involved in a crime, or free someone who has been wrongly convicted. It is easy to tell if DNA from two biological samples does not match.", "The more identical markers there are in two samples, the more accurate the test. However, testing more markers takes more time and is more expensive. Forensic DNA tests usually examine six to ten markers. The chances that two unrelated people have identical profiles is less than one in one billion. Steve Jones explains the power of DNA testing. The accuracy of DNA tests has big implications. DNA tests are sometimes the only evidence to prove that a suspect was involved in a crime, or free someone who has been wrongly convicted. It is easy to tell if DNA from two biological samples does not match.", "There are many methods used by forensic scientists to collect your DNA samples, but how long does a DNA test take? The process does not take more than 7 days but depending on your DNA structure and lab quality it may take up to 10 or more days. For every DNA test you need a sample of your blood from which the DNA is extracted and analyzed. The DNA test mostly relies on the experience of the lab scientist that observes the structure closely to figure out the genes within the DNA.", "How long does a DNA test take will depend on the DNA test that you desire for yourself, also the cost will differ accordingly. Some tests are easy to perform and don’t cost much, such as paternity tests. For every DNA test you need a sample of your blood from which the DNA is extracted and analyzed. The DNA test mostly relies on the experience of the lab scientist that observes the structure closely to figure out the genes within the DNA.", "On that show, they put the DNA into a machine, and out pops a DNA profile. Sorry, but it doesn't work that way in the real world. As with any data, you have to analyze it first. DNA data looks a lot like a piece of paper from a polygraph machine. There's a baseline that's continuous, and DNA shows up as a peak. We can then look at each piece of DNA and interpret it into a DNA profile. Depending on your equipment, this process can take up to 48 hours for a batch, but most modern labs can complete this in under 6 hours." ], "url": [ "http://patc.com/weeklyarticles/dna-timeline.shtml", "http://intrensic.blogspot.com/2009/06/why-does-dna-testing-take-so-long.html", "http://patc.com/weeklyarticles/dna-timeline.shtml", "http://www.howlongdoes.com/health/how-long-does-a-dna-test-take/", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/0/20205874", "http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/0/20205874", "http://www.howlongdoes.com/health/how-long-does-a-dna-test-take/", "http://www.howlongdoes.com/health/how-long-does-a-dna-test-take/", "http://intrensic.blogspot.com/2009/06/why-does-dna-testing-take-so-long.html" ] }

[]

[ "The loop of Henle allows the kidneys to maintain the correct balance of water in the body." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Merge this question into. Split and merge into it. Answer by Mrbuttersworth. Confidence votes 2. The Loop of Henle is a specialized portion of the Nephron that is partly situated in the Renal Cortex, and partly situated in the Renal Medulla.", "A loop of Henle can be found in one of the hundreds of thousands of nephrons contained within the kidneys. The loop of Henle dips down from the nephron into the medulla and then back into the cortex. The loop of Henle is part of a nephron, a tiny tube inside the kidneys that filters solutes. The loop of Henle allows the kidneys to maintain the correct balance of water in the body.", "The function of the ascending loop of henle is draw Sodium out of the filtrate. The ability of the ascending loop to actively transport sodium into the surrounding tissue is d … irectly related to the amount of water that can be diffused out of the descending loop of henle.", "The Loop of Henle creates an osmotic concentration gradient in the fluid immediately surrounding it, making it possible to produce urine which is more osmotically concentrated than blood plasma. The descending limb of Henle loop promotes re-absorption of fluids.", "In the kidney, the loop of Henle is the portion of a nephron that leads from the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. Named after its discoverer F. G. J. Henle, the loop of Henle's main function is to create a concentration gradient in the medulla of the kidney.", "The loop of Henle is a part of a nephron, a tiny tube inside the kidneys that filters solutes. Each kidney contains hundreds of thousands of individual nephrons, which pass between the cortex of the kidneys and the medulla, connecting to collecting ducts which route urine to the ureter so that it can be expressed." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_loop_of_henle_do", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-loop-of-henle.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_loop_of_henle_do", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_loop_of_henle_do", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/loop%20of%20henle", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-the-loop-of-henle.htm" ] }

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[ "Chiropractors use hands-on spinal manipulation and other alternative treatments, the theory being that proper alignment of the body's musculoskeletal structure, particularly the spine, will enable the body to heal itself without surgery or medication." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine that focuses on diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine, under the belief that these disorders affect general health via the nervous system. Chiropractic's foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and has been sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and innate intelligence that are not based on solid science.", "Chiropractic is primarily used as a pain relief alternative for muscles, joints, bones, and connective tissue, such as cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. It is sometimes used in conjunction with conventional medical treatment. A chiropractor first takes a medical history, performs a physical examination, and may use lab tests or diagnostic imaging to determine if treatment is appropriate for your back pain.", "View ChiropracticVideos. Chiropractic is a health care profession dedicated to the non-surgical treatment of disorders of the nervous system and/or musculoskeletal system. Generally, chiropractors maintain a unique focus on spinal manipulation and treatment of surrounding structures. ", "Natural health care without drugs or surgery. Chiropractic is a natural form of health care that uses spinal adjustments to correct these misalignments and restore proper function to the nervous system, helping your body to heal naturally. Chiropractic doesn't use drugs or surgery.", "Spinal manipulation and chiropractic care is generally considered a safe, effective treatment for acute low back pain, the type of sudden injury that results from moving furniture or getting tackled. A chiropractor first takes a medical history, performs a physical examination, and may use lab tests or diagnostic imaging to determine if treatment is appropriate for your back pain.", "A chiropractor is a health care professional focused on the diagnosis and treatment neuromuscular disorders, with an emphasis on treatment through manual adjustment and/or manipulation of the spine. In the first visit with a chiropractor, the doctor performs an evaluation and may perform chiropractic adjustments to help relieve pain. Chiropractic Adjustment of the Lumbar Spine (Low Back) Video. Lower back pain can be treated by a chiropractor performing adjustments to the lumbar spine, demonstrated in this video.", "Back and neck pain are the specialties of chiropractic but many chiropractors treat ailments other than musculoskeletal issues. There is a range of opinions among chiropractors: some believed that treatment should be confined to the spine, or back and neck pain; others disagreed. Chiropractic's foundation is at odds with mainstream medicine, and has been sustained by pseudoscientific ideas such as subluxation and innate intelligence that are not based on solid science.", "Chiropractic treatments usually involve spinal manipulation. Spinal manipulation is a treatment that uses pressure on a joint of the spine. It is also called spinal adjustment. It is used to improve pain and function. Manipulation can be done with the hands or a special device. Sometimes other joints of the body are also worked on to help treat the spine. The goal of chiropractic treatment is to increase movement in the joint and relax the muscles. Some chiropractors use heat, electrical stimulation, or ultrasound to help relax your muscles before doing", "Chiropractors use hands-on spinal manipulation and other alternative treatments, the theory being that proper alignment of the body's musculoskeletal structure, particularly the spine, will enable the body to heal itself without surgery or medication. A chiropractor first takes a medical history, performs a physical examination, and may use lab tests or diagnostic imaging to determine if treatment is appropriate for your back pain." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiropractic", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/guide/chiropractic-pain-relief", "http://www.spine-health.com/treatment/chiropractic/chiropractic-treatments-lower-back-pain", "http://www.palmer.edu/about-us/what-is-chiropractic/", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/guide/chiropractic-pain-relief", "http://www.spine-health.com/treatment/chiropractic/what-a-chiropractor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiropractic", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/chiropractic-topic-overview", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/guide/chiropractic-pain-relief" ] }

[]

[ "vivere" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Confidence votes 5.9K. The Latin root of survive is vivere-to live; the prefix sur- is a shortened form of the Latin word super meaning over or above. Responsible is from the Latin verb respondere, which means to promise something in return for something else. (Once the promise is made, one is responsible for fulfilling … it.) This in turn is from Latin spondere, to pledge, which is related to Greek spendo, to pour out a libation. + 1 other found this useful.", "A root, or a root word, is a word that does not have a prefix (in front of the word) or a suffix (at the end of a word). But more complicated inflection, as well as other processes, can obscure the root; for example, the root of mice is mouse (still a valid word), and the root of interrupt is, arguably, rupt, which is not a word in English and only appears in derivational forms (such as disrupt, corrupt, rupture, etc.).", "The root is the part of the word that contains the basic meaning, or definition of the word. The prefix is a word element placed in front of the root, which changes the word's meaning or makes a new word. A suffix is a word element placed after the root, which changes the word's meaning as well as its function. These words were adapted from other language, such as Latin and Greek. It can be helpful to know some of these roots of English vocabulary. It may be possible to guess the meaning of an unknown word when one knows the meaning of its root. Knowing prefixes and suffixes can also help.", "The Latin root of survive is vivere-to live; the prefix sur- is a shortened form of the Latin word super meaning over or above. If the plant dies the roots become organic matter cycled back to other plants. If the plant is burned in the frequent grass fires the prairie often sees the plant regrows from the roots left in the soil. 1 person found this useful.", "Word Root of SURVIVE. The Latin word vivere, meaning “ to live, ” gives us the root viv. Words from the Latin vivere have something to do with living. To sur viv e is to remain alive. To re viv e is to bring back to life.", "This distinction between the word as a unit of speech and the root as a unit of meaning is even more important in the case of languages where roots have many different forms when used in actual words, as is the case in Semitic languages. But more complicated inflection, as well as other processes, can obscure the root; for example, the root of mice is mouse (still a valid word), and the root of interrupt is, arguably, rupt, which is not a word in English and only appears in derivational forms (such as disrupt, corrupt, rupture, etc.).", "sur. This ROOT-WORD is the Prefix SUR which means OVER, ABOVE & MORE. This Prefix does not indicate greatness or superiority. In No. 2, it is a belt tied over a saddle. In No. 13, it describes an article of clothing that goes over other clothes.SUR is not used as a suffix. 1. Surcharge: SUR charge (sur chari) n. ", "The word atom comes from the Greek word 'atomos' which means indivisible. This is misleading because atoms are not indivisible, but can be broken down into at least three … main subcomponents. If the plant dies the roots become organic matter cycled back to other plants. If the plant is burned in the frequent grass fires the prairie often sees the plant regrows from the roots left in the soil. 1 person found this useful.", "That is, a stem is that part of a word that inflectional affixes attach to. The exact use of the word 'stem' depends on the morphology of the language in question. In Athabaskan linguistics, for example, a verb stem is a root that cannot appear on its own, and that carries the tone of the word. Athabaskan verbs typically have two stems in this analysis, each preceded by prefixes. In computational linguistics, a stem is the part of the word that never changes even when morphologically inflected, whereas a lemma is the base form of the word. For example, given the word produced, its lemma (linguistics) is produce, however the stem is produc, because there are words such as produc tion.", "Quick Summary. The Greek root word bio means ‘life.’ Some common English vocabulary words that come from this root word include bio logical, bio graphy, and amphi bi an. One easy word that is helpful in remembering bio is bio logy, or the study of ‘life.’. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_Latin_root_word_of_survived", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_word", "http://www.phonicsontheweb.com/prefixes-suffixes.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_root_word_of_survive", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/survive", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_word", "http://www.english-for-students.com/sur.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_root_word_of_survive", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_stem", "http://membean.com/wrotds/bio-life" ] }

[]

[ "Yes", "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A Cherokee Legend. The generic name for snakes is indaedu'. Indädû they are all regarded as'anida, wehi, wehï supernaturals having an intimate connection with the rain and, thunder gods and possessing a certain influence over the other animal and. plant tribes", "People with actual Snake medicine are very rare, that doesn’t mean that the spirit of snake does not work with people. It just means that people who walk this earth with the absolute knowledge of Snake Medicine are not numbered very high.", "In the Ojibwa culture, the medicine people come from the Snake Clan. The snake is symbolic of healing in many cultures; the universal symbol of medicine is a staff with two snakes intertwined around it.", "The snake is an ancient symbol among indigenous people throughout the Americas. Often called the serpent, snake figures appear in Native American culture, art and religion. The symbolism of the snake relates to transformation, fertility, patience, feminine powers and healing. In many Native cultures, the snake is the deliverer of prayers as well as the birth sign of shamans.", "OPUS 2013 – Year of Snake Coffee Mug by roceskori at Zazzle. The totem of snake reminds us on a very personal level that we are universal beings. When we are able to accept all the aspects of our lives we can bring about the transmutation of the fire medicine which is connected to snake. This energy of fire creates passion, desire and physical vitality when it is on the material plane. Fire energy on the emotional plane becomes ambition, resolution and dreams." ], "url": [ "http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/TheSnakeTribe-Cherokee.html", "http://native-american-totems.com/animal-totem-medicines/snake-totem/", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8585093_symbolism-snakes-native-americans.html", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8585093_symbolism-snakes-native-americans.html", "http://native-american-totems.com/animal-totem-medicines/snake-totem/" ] }

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[ "Fat-soluble vitamins are primarily stored in the liver and adipose tissues. With the exception of vitamin K, fat-soluble vitamins are generally excreted more slowly than water-soluble vitamins, and vitamins A and D can accumulate and cause toxic effects in the body." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "RESULTS: The proportion of patients with fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies in the treatment and placebo groups was similar and the data sets were combined. The proportion with vitamin A, D, E or K deficiency was 33.5%, 13.2%, 1.9%, and 7.8%, respectively. Serum fat-soluble vitamin levels were obtained in most patients in the initial three years of the study and rechecked every year. Annual examinations included a complete history, physical examination, and measurements of liver biochemistries, prothrombin time, and serum fat-soluble vitamin levels.", " Foods that contain these vitamins will not lose them when cooked.  The body does not need these every day and stores them in the liver when not used.  Most people do not need vitamin supplements.  Mega doses of vitamins A, D, E or K can be toxic and lead to health problems. Vitamins are essential nutrients your body needs in small amounts for various roles in the human body. Vitamins are divided into two groups: water-soluble (B-complex and C) and fat-soluble (A, D, E and K). ", "Fat-Soluble Vitamins. Small amounts of vitamins are required in the diet to promote growth, reproduction, and health. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are called the fat-soluble vitamins, because they are soluble in organic solvents and are absorbed and transported in a manner similar to that of fats. Evidence regarding anticancer roles for other fat-soluble vitamins is not persuasive. Intake of vitamin E by itself has not been related to overall risk of cancer, but the combination of low serum levels of vitamin E and selenium may be related to increased risk of some cancers, such as breast and lung cancers.", "Fat-soluble vitamins are primarily stored in the liver and adipose tissues. With the exception of vitamin K, fat-soluble vitamins are generally excreted more slowly than water-soluble vitamins, and vitamins A and D can accumulate and cause toxic effects in the body. Vitamin A. Vitamin A was the first fat-soluble vitamin identified (in 1913). Vitamin A comprises the preformed retinoids, plus the precursor forms, the provitamin A carotenoids. Preformed retinoids is a collective term for retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid, all of which are biologically active.", "8888 2 nd epor ator it .S. opulation Vitamins A, E and Carotenoids Background Information Sources and Physiological Functions. Vitamins A (retinol) and E (alpha-tocopherol) and the carotenoids are fat-soluble micronutrients found in many foods, including some vegetables, fruits, meats, and animal products. 172172 2 nd epor ator it .S. opulation Vitamin D Background Information Sources and Physiological Functions. Vitamin D (calciferol) comprises a group of fat soluble seco-sterols found naturally in only a few foods, such as fish-liveroils, fatty fishes,mushrooms, egg yolks, and liver.", "Retinoids are converted to retinol in the intestines and transported with dietary fat to the liver, where it is stored. A special transport protein, retinolbinding protein (RBP), transports vitamin A from the liver to other tissues. Carotenoids are absorbed intact at a much lower absorption rate than retinol. Vitamin A. Vitamin A was the first fat-soluble vitamin identified (in 1913). Vitamin A comprises the preformed retinoids, plus the precursor forms, the provitamin A carotenoids. Preformed retinoids is a collective term for retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid, all of which are biologically active.", "Vitamin E. Vitamin E is the third of the fat soluble vitamins. Foods rich in Vitamin E include plant oils such as safflower and wheat germ. As with the other fat soluble vitamins, Vitamin E is also highly concentrated in meats such as liver and fat. Of these, A, D, E, and K are the fat soluble vitamins. Vitamins C and B complex are water soluble vitamins. The fat soluble vitamins are commonly stored in special fat storage cells called lipocytes, whereas, the water soluble vitamins are not stored within the body except in small amounts.", "The fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E, and K. Adequate absorption of these vitamins is dependent on efficient fat intake and absorption. Except for vitamin K, fat-soluble vitamins are not easily excreted from the body, so they can be toxic at excessive levels. ", "Fat-soluble vitamins are primarily stored in the liver and adipose tissues. With the exception of vitamin K, fat-soluble vitamins are generally excreted more slowly than water-soluble vitamins, and vitamins A and D can accumulate and cause toxic effects in the body. Vitamin A was the first fat-soluble vitamin identified (in 1913). Vitamin A comprises the preformed retinoids, plus the precursor forms, the provitamin A carotenoids. Preformed retinoids is a collective term for retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid, all of which are biologically active." ], "url": [ "http://www.nature.com/ajg/journal/v96/n9/full/ajg2001676a.html", "http://www.westernnationalroundup.org/skillathon/FNJC/Fat%20Soluable%20Vitamins.pdf", "http://www.nap.edu/read/1222/chapter/14", "http://www.diet.com/g/vitamins-fatsoluble", "http://www.cdc.gov/nutritionreport/pdf/Fat.pdf", "http://www.diet.com/g/vitamins-fatsoluble", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+1659&aid=710", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/nutrition_and_diet/page11_em.htm", "http://www.faqs.org/nutrition/Smi-Z/Vitamins-Fat-Soluble.html" ] }

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[ "Avocados, nuts, olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, corn oil, and safflower oil, salmon, herring, albacore tuna, trout, and mackerel." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Olive oil is full of healthy unsaturated fats. 1 Tbsp. of oil has almost 12 grams of unsaturated fat and only 2 grams of the saturated stuff. In addition, olive oil provides a heart-friendly dose of both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Mix it with vinegar to create salad dressings and use it to cook meat or veggies.", "Unsaturated fats. Unsaturated fats are the healthiest type of fat. 1 You want most of the fats you eat to be unsaturated (say: uhn-SACH-uh-ray-tid) fats. 2 Unsaturated fats are found in plant foods, like avocados, nuts, olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, corn oil, and safflower oil.", "On the other hand, unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats) may actually lower the risk for some diseases, including some cancers and heart disease. In addition, mono and polyunsaturated fats actually raise good cholesterol levels while lowering bad cholesterol.", "Unsaturated fat: A fat that is liquid at room temperature and comes from a plant, such as olive, peanut, corn, cottonseed, sunflower, safflower, or soybean oil. Unsaturated fat tends not to raise the level of LDL ('bad') cholesterol in the blood.", "Fat-soluble vitamins, such as Vitamin A, could not be absorbed without some fat in the diet. Fat also supplies the body with energy. It contains more energy than any other nutrient (9 calories per gram). There are different types of fat, including saturated fats and unsaturated fats. Saturated fats are normally solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are liquid. Saturated fats and trans fatty acids (trans fats) are associated with negative health effects, including heart disease.", "Unsaturated fats are considered the ‘healthy’ fats and are encouraged as part of a healthy diet. Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature, unlike saturated fats that are solid at room temperature. Healthy unsaturated fats come in two main forms, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated.", "Unsaturated fats include the two heart healthy choices-polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats. Found primarily in fish, plant oils, seeds and nuts, these healthy fats have been shown to lower blood cholesterol levels and lessen your risk of cardiovascular disease.", "1 Unsaturated fats are found in plant foods, like avocados, nuts, olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, corn oil, and safflower oil. 2 Fatty fish, such as salmon, herring, albacore tuna, trout, and mackerel, also have unsaturated fats." ], "url": [ "http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/fats/5-foods-that-contain-unsaturated-fats.html", "http://www.girlshealth.gov/nutrition/basics/fats.html", "http://www.myfooddiary.com/resources/nutrient_facts/nutrient_fat.asp", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=18389", "http://www.myfooddiary.com/resources/nutrient_facts/nutrient_fat.asp", "http://daa.asn.au/for-the-public/smart-eating-for-you/nutrition-a-z/unsaturated-fats/", "http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/fats/understanding-unsaturated-fats-for-better-health.html", "http://www.girlshealth.gov/nutrition/basics/fats.html" ] }

[]

[ "Strong" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Origin and meaning of the name [edit]. The given name Bryan is a variant of the given name Brian. This name is thought to be derived from an Old Celtic language word meaning high, or noble. The spelling of the given name Bryan was influenced by the surname Bryan. This surname has several different origins.", "What does Bryant mean, popularity, numerology and more. The name Bryant is of Irish origin. The meaning of Bryant is strong, honorable. It is also of English origin, where its meaning is force, strength. Less than 5 girls were given the name. View the Bryant Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Bryant has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Bryant to other names. Some famous bearers of this name include: Bryant Gumbel.", "Another origin of the surname is from the name which was brought to England and Ireland by the Breton followers of the Normans, who invaded in England in the 11th century. This name is thought to be derived from the same Old Celtic language element as the modern given name Bryan. This name is thought to be derived from an Old Celtic language word meaning high, or noble. The spelling of the given name Bryan was influenced by the surname Bryan. This surname has several different origins.", "Etymology & Historical Origin-Bryant. Bryant is the transferred use of an Old Breton-Irish surname derived from the ancient Celtic male name Brian. The masculine personal name Bryant has been on the American naming charts since the U.S. government first began tracking naming trends back in the late 19th century. Incidentally, Brian didn’t show up on the U.S. male naming charts until 1925 so Bryant even predates his own Irish origins in America.", "In the modern idiom the name can be found as Bryan, Brian, Brien, Bryant, Brient and Briant. On January 13th 1605, John Bryant married Elizabeth Cornishe at the Church of St. John's, Hackney, London. The American poet William Cullen Bryant (1794 - 1878) came of a New England family, being descended from Stephen Bryant, who had settled in Plymouth Colony in 1632.", "Bryant is generally used as a boy's name. It consists of 6 letters and 1 syllable and is pronounced Bryant. In the U.S. in 2014, it ranked 581 in baby name popularity for boys with 472 occurrences. Less than 5 girls were given the name. View the Bryant Name Popularity Page to see how the popularity trend for Bryant has changed since 1880, or to compare the popularity of Bryant to other names. Some famous bearers of this name include: Bryant Gumbel.", "Bryant is a very popular first name for men (#409 out of 1220, Top 33%) and also a very popular surname for both adults and children (#120 out of 150436, Top 1%). (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is the baby name popularity of Bryant for boys. Bryant reached its apex position of #204 in the U.S. in the year 1990, and is at #581 presently. ", "English Meaning: The name Bryant is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Bryant is: Popular. French Meaning: The name Bryant is a French baby name. In French the meaning of the name Bryant is: He ascends. The name Bryant is a Celtic baby name. In Celtic the meaning of the name Bryant is: Strong. American Meaning: The name Bryant is an American baby name.", "This interesting surname is of Old Breton-Irish origin, and derives from the Celtic personal name Brian, of truly ancient ancestry and believed to contain the element bre, meaning hill or brigh, strong. On January 13th 1605, John Bryant married Elizabeth Cornishe at the Church of St. John's, Hackney, London. The American poet William Cullen Bryant (1794 - 1878) came of a New England family, being descended from Stephen Bryant, who had settled in Plymouth Colony in 1632." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryan_(given_name)", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Bryant.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryan_(given_name)", "http://www.ohbabynames.com/meaning/name/bryant/1594", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Bryant", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Bryant.html", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Bryant", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/bryant", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Bryant" ] }

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[ "Enteroendocrine cells secrete multiple regulatory molecules which control physiological and homeostatic functions, particularly postprandial secretion and motility." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Enteroendocrine cells are located in the stomach, in the intestine and in the pancreas.", "In the case of the enteroendocrine cells, these particular cells are present in the stomach and intestines. One more type of endocrine cells in the digestive tract, called the islets of Langerhans, are located in the pancreas.", "Enteroendocrine cells of the intestine are the most numerous endocrine cells of the body. In a sense they are known to act as chemoreceptors, initiating digestive actions and detecting harmful substances and initiating protective responses.", "Enteroendocrine cells are those endocrine cells found int eh gastrointestinal tract. Enteroendocrine cells are present in the stomach and intestines. The endocrine system produces signaling chemicals for specific internal parts of the body.", "Enteroendocrine cells (EEC) form the basis of the largest endocrine system in the body. They secrete multiple regulatory molecules which control physiological and homeostatic functions, particularly postprandial secretion and motility.", "A further preproglucagon splice product, GLP-2, is secreted by enteroendocrine L-cells in the distal small intestine and has been shown to improve intestinal wound healing in a TGF-yss yß mediated, process small bowel responding better than large. bowel", "In contrast to other endocrine systems, enteroendocrine cells (EEC) are scattered as single cells throughout the intestinal tract, located within the intestinal crypts and villi, and comprising ~1% of the epithelial cell population [ Sternini et al. 2008 ].", "Enteroendocrine cells of the intestine are the most numerous endocrine cells of the body. In a sense they are known to act as chemoreceptors, initiating digestive actions and detecting harmful substances and initiating protective responses.", "The enteroendocrine cells are those endocrine cells that are located in the gastrointestinal system. They produce hormones and other signaling molecules that act on the brain and other parts of the body, in response to environmental changes in the digestive tract.", "Enteroendocrine cells secrete satiation peptides that produce the feeling of 'fullness' in the brain." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteroendocrine_cell", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-enteroendocrine-cells.htm", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/enteroendocrine%20cell", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-enteroendocrine-cells.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3002486/", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3002486/", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3002486/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteroendocrine_cell", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-enteroendocrine-cells.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_do_enteroendocrine_cells_secrete" ] }

[]

[ "An average cost is less than $5 per 1000 gallons." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Pool Size. Before you add the chlorine, you need to know how many gallons of water are in the pool. A round ring pool, 48 inches tall and 15 feet across, holds 4,978 gallons. An in-ground pool can hold 31,000 gallons or more. To find the number of gallons in a pool, measure and multiply together the length, width and average depth, then multiply by 7.5 for a rectangular pool, 6.7 for an oval pool or 5.9 for a round pool. ", "$142 - $665. On average, pool maintenance costs $256, with most homeowners spending between $132 and $381. This data is based on actual project costs as reported by HomeAdvisor members. While a swimming pool adds many years of fun and exercise to your home life, it needs to be maintained correctly and consistently.", "Average Inground Swimming Pool Maintenance Cost. On average a residential pool owner spends between $50 - $150 monthly on pool maintenance cost. The good news is if you do it yourself you can save a little bit here and there. A good water testing kit will ensure your chemicals are balanced correctly. Chemicals for an average 20,000 - 25,000 gallon pool should be no more than around $20 per month. According to the National Association of Realtors inground swimming pools can add an average of 7.7% to the value of a home", "For the purpose of this discussion, we will look at the costs associated with the installation of both kinds of modern swimming pools. According to P.K. Data the average cost of a 19' diameter above ground swimming pool is $6,243; while the average cost of a 32'x16' inground swimming pool is $21,919. 1 Most pools begin with the liner, and they can be made from vinyl or fiberglass. 2 The vinyl is the least expensive with a standard cost of roughly $18,000. 3 The fiberglass bump up the costs to $20,000 without installation. 4 There are also concrete and gunite pools that require around $20,000 to $50,000 to install.", "An average cost per month for a 10' by 30' pool should cost about $25. Of course more pool traffic, more chemicals. more cost. But the enjoyment of the pool certainly makes up for any cost. Inground pool prices vary widely depending on the size of the pool, the materials used, and many other factors. However, for your typical backyard pool, you should expect to p … ay somewhere in the range of $20,000-40,000.", "1 Chemicals-between the chlorine, pH testing strips, and other materials, the average pool owner spends roughly $80 per month for above ground swimming pools and $95 per month for inground swimming pools. 1 Most pools begin with the liner, and they can be made from vinyl or fiberglass. 2 The vinyl is the least expensive with a standard cost of roughly $18,000. 3 The fiberglass bump up the costs to $20,000 without installation. 4 There are also concrete and gunite pools that require around $20,000 to $50,000 to install.", "Although costs have been rising, water is still an inexpensive resource in most American towns. An average cost is less than $5 per 1000 gallons. Filling a swimming pool, in most areas, costs less than $100. You’ll need to add some replacement water during the year, to replace splash out and backwash water. Most trucks hold 5000 gallons or so, and can make repeated trips to the hydrant until your pool is full. Water truck companies usually charge by the load, and a complete fill of the pool can be expensive, as much as $50", "For the third year in a row, Phoenix's average single-family residential water bill will remain at $37.75 per month, and the average single-family residential sewer bill will remain at $20.71 per month, both among the lowest in the nation. ", "With balancing, winterizing, and miscellaneous costs, I’d expect the owner of a 20,000 gallon pool will drop about $300 every summer. Total for the summer; with chemicals, water, electricity and miscellaneous maintenance, most inground pools probably cost about $500 a summer to maintain. ", "1 Installing an aboveground pool can cost $1,500-$5,000; for in-ground estimated costs are $7,000-$16,000 for a vinyl-lined model, $15,000-$25,000 for a fiberglass shell and $17,000-$45,000 for concrete or gunite. 2 However, custom designs can run prices much higher. " ], "url": [ "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/amount-chlorine-use-per-gallon-pool-water-89184.html", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/swimming-pools-hot-tubs-and-saunas/maintain-a-swimming-pool/", "http://www.clean-pool-and-spa.com/pool-maintenance-cost.html", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/build-swimming-pool", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_estimate_swimming_pool_maintenance_cost", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/build-swimming-pool", "http://blog.poolproducts.com/inground-pool-kits-total-cost-of-pool-ownership/", "https://www.phoenix.gov/waterservices/customerservices/rateinfo", "http://www.seasonalstores.com/inground/how-much-does-it-cost-to-fill-and-maintain-a-pool/", "http://home.costhelper.com/swimming-pool.html" ] }

[]

[ "Good friend" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Numerological Meaning (For Entertainment Purposes Only). People with this name tend to be natural leaders, self-sufficient, and ambitious. They generally want to make their own decisions in life and are not afraid to take charge or manage a situation. It is important for them to avoid extremes of bossiness or shyness. They tend to be too impulsive.", "Choosing a name for your baby boy or baby girl is like embarking on a treasure hunt where you are a guaranteed winner. That perfect baby name is out there somewhere, carefully concealed between the folds of a baby naming book... Please use this list of Australian baby names only for reference/idea to name your kid/child. Database of baby names has been compiled from various references and suggestions provided by our web site visitors and resources partners.", "List of Hindu baby names, Hindu baby boy names (male), girl names (female) & Hindu names meanings has been compiled from various resources. Please use this list of Hindu baby names only for reference/idea to name your kid/child. ", "Meaning of Sumitra. Indian name. In Indian, the name Sumitra means-good friend.The name Sumitra originated as an Indian name. The name Sumitra is most often used as a girl name or female name. Indian Name Meaning-good friend. Origin-India. Global Star Registery-Name a star after someone special!", "Meaning of Indian name: Sumitra. Meaning of the name Sumitra is 'Friendly'. Sumitra is a name of Hindu / Indian origin, and is commonly used for females. The name number for Sumitra is '2'. Click here to get the numerological analysis for the name 'Sumitra", "Sumitra in Nautical Flags. Indian names or Hindu names are listed in Our Baby Namer under Indian, Hindi and Sanskrit. Other names which may be used my Muslim Indians would be listed under Arabic or Iranian names. Indian names generally contain a given name followed by some number of secondary names. Secondary names are often patronyms, names derived from the father, grandfather or other paternal ancestor, village names, occupation names, or names of gods. Hindu given names are from Sanskrit.", "List of Australian baby names, Australian baby boy names (male), girl names (female) & Australian names meanings has been compiled from various resources. Please use this list of Australian baby names only for reference/idea to name your kid/child. Database of baby names has been compiled from various references and suggestions provided by our web site visitors and resources partners. Meaning of Sumithra in Australian origin/culture for Boy name with history and fame details. © Copyright 2015 Babynology", "Then just follow the diagram below. Just for fun, see the name Sumitra in Hieroglyphics, learn about ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics and write a Hieroglyphic message. Learn about nautical flags and see your name or message written in nautical flags, on the Sumitra in Nautical Flags page. Indian names generally contain a given name followed by some number of secondary names. Secondary names are often patronyms, names derived from the father, grandfather or other paternal ancestor, village names, occupation names, or names of gods. Hindu given names are from Sanskrit.", "Name Sumitra generally means Mother of lord Lakshman or Good friend, is of Sanskrit, Indian origin, Name Sumitra is a Unisex name, which means both Boy and Girl can have this name. Person with name Sumitra are mainly Hindu by religion. Find qualities of Aquarius (Kumbh) or Find Numerology, Lucky number, lucky days, lucky color, Auspicious stones for Sumitra or Find Chinese zodiac sign or Birthstone for your birthday or Find compatibility of Kumbh (Aquarius) with other zodiac signs. Similar sounding names: Somatra, Saumitra, Saumitr, Sumitr." ], "url": [ "http://www.birthvillage.com/Name/Sumithra", "http://www.babynology.com/meaning-sumithra-m6.html", "http://www.babynology.com/meaning-sujitha-f30.html", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/indian-names/sumitra.asp", "http://astrobix.com/name/meaning/Sumitra", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Sumitra.html", "http://www.babynology.com/meaning-sumithra-m6.html", "http://www.ourbabynamer.com/meaning-of-Sumitra.html", "http://www.indiachildnames.com/name.aspx?name=Sumitra" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Others avoid gluten because they feel sensitive to it. Among some people with celiac disease and gluten intolerance, gluten-free goods may have a health halo.. That is, they're considered more nutritionally valuable for what they contain -- or don't contain, in the case of gluten. The store-bought gluten-free baked goods you eat on a regular basis, such as bread and bagels, are not created equal to regular varieties made with wheat flour. Wheat flour is typically enriched with vitamins and minerals, including iron, folic acid, and other B vitamins, and whole wheat flour supplies fiber.", "1 Ask your doctor about other grains. 2 When you have a wheat allergy, you may or may not be allergic to some other grains, too. 3 Gluten, one of the wheat proteins that can cause a reaction, is also in barley, rye, and oats. 4 Ask your doctor if they are safe to eat. 5 Always check labels. 4 Wheat Allergy Tips. 1 Ask your doctor about other grains. 2 When you have a wheat allergy, you may or may not be allergic to some other grains, too. 3 Gluten, one of the wheat proteins that can cause a reaction, is also in barley, rye, and oats. 4 Ask your doctor if they are safe to eat. 5 Always check labels.", "Definition. A gluten-free diet is a diet that excludes the protein gluten. Gluten is found in grains such as wheat, barley, rye, and a cross between wheat and rye called triticale. A gluten-free diet is primarily used to treat celiac disease. Gluten causes inflammation in the small intestines of people with celiac disease", "Gluten is a protein present in wheat flour, which is widely used in commercial and homemade baked goods. Gluten is also found in flour made from barley, rye, spelt, and triticale, a cross between wheat and rye. Gluten helps dough to rise and lends shape and a chewy texture to baked goods. The store-bought gluten-free baked goods you eat on a regular basis, such as bread and bagels, are not created equal to regular varieties made with wheat flour. Wheat flour is typically enriched with vitamins and minerals, including iron, folic acid, and other B vitamins, and whole wheat flour supplies fiber.", "The Gluten and Diabetes Connection. Celiac disease and type 1 diabetes are autoimmune diseases, and research shows they may have a similar genetic basis. It is recommended that a person with type 1 diabetes be fully tested for celiac disease and gluten sensitivity prior to starting a gluten-free diet. Type 2 diabetes is not autoimmune in nature, and to date, there has not been a connection between type 2 and gluten intolerance. The American Diabetes Association recommends screening children for celiac disease shortly after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.", "Research shows that celiac disease and gluten sensitivity are distinct problems, and in fact there may be two main types of Celiac Disease. Gluten is a protein that’s found in wheat, barley, rye and triticale (a wheat / rye hybrid). It’s only found in these four grains – so people who have celiac disease or are otherwise gluten-intolerant still have plenty of great choices of whole grains to enjoy. Gluten-free does not mean whole grain-free!", "Celiac disease is not more common among people with type 2 diabetes than in the general population. Type 2 diabetes is not autoimmune in nature, and to date, there has not been a connection between type 2 and gluten intolerance. The American Diabetes Association recommends screening children for celiac disease shortly after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.", "Coeliac disease is a lifelong intolerance to gliaden, part of the gluten proteins that are a large part of the grain of wheat, rye and barley. It causes damage to the small intestine and many other symptoms and tends to run in families. Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet brings complete resolution of symptoms. Those with wheat intolerance will still experience adverse symptoms from gluten free products, as the remaining part of the wheat will be affecting them. They may, or may not, be able to eat rye, barley and oats, that are part of the wheat family." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/celiac-disease/features/gluten-free-flours", "http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/wheat-allergy", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/gluten-free-diet/art-20048530", "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/celiac-disease/features/gluten-free-flours", "http://www.diabeticlivingonline.com/food-to-eat/nutrition/gluten-and-diabetes-there-connection", "http://wholegrainscouncil.org/newsroom/blog/2012/01/research-sheds-light-on-gluten-issues", "http://www.diabeticlivingonline.com/food-to-eat/nutrition/gluten-and-diabetes-there-connection", "https://www.allergyuk.org/common-food-intolerances/wheat-and-gluten-intolerance" ] }

[]

[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Unfortunately, nothing can actually cure the common cold (at least not yet). The good news: There is hope to relieve the symptoms and feel better faster— without all the drugs. Instead of a trip to the pharmacy, hit the grocery store for the makings of a good ol’ bowl of chicken soup.", "Chicken soup’s reputation for curing the common cold goes back thousands of years, and this nourishing food is present in one form or another in just about every part of the world, from the traditional Jewish goldene yoich to Chinese QiguoJi.", "Winner, Winner, Chicken Dinner — The Answer/Debate. Chicken soup may put the smack down on the common cold in a lab, but the effects may not be quite as powerful in the human body. Still, it’s nothing to sneeze at— chicken soup is a nutritional dynamo, containing healthy doses of protein and antioxidant-packed veggies.", "Add the chicken broth and 2 cups water to the pot and bring to a boil. Shred the poached chicken into pieces and add to the soup. Stir in the egg noodles and cook until al dente, about 5 minutes. Turn off the heat and stir in the scallions, parsley, dill and lemon peel. Season with salt and pepper.", "It is not the chicken soup curing the cold, it is the body curing itself with the proper nutritional tools.", "Going as far back as the 12th century, Jewish scholars have touted the effectiveness of chicken soup for a variety of ailments, including the common cold. Even today, when you’re in bed with a cold, someone has either reminded you of its goodness or brought you a piping hot bowl.", "The Takeaway. While eating chicken soup can't necessarily cure the common cold, some elements of it can certainly help ward off a few of the not-so-fun symptoms like congestion and inflammation." ], "url": [ "http://greatist.com/health/can-chicken-soup-cure-common-cold", "http://www.offthegridnews.com/alternative-health/proof-chicken-soup-really-is-a-home-remedy-for-colds-and-flu/", "http://greatist.com/health/can-chicken-soup-cure-common-cold", "http://www.rachaelray.com/recipes/cure-a-cold-spring-chicken-soup#!", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080223161014AAwzLeG", "http://blog.foodnetwork.com/healthyeats/2011/11/29/nutrition-myths-debunked-does-chicken-soup-cure-a-cold/", "http://greatist.com/health/can-chicken-soup-cure-common-cold" ] }

[]

[ "24 inches" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Max. 2 Weight: 4 lbs. 3 Packages If you’re not using a Priority Mail Express International® or a Priority Mail International® box, the total girth (distance around the thickest part) of your package should be less than 108. 4 Measuring Package Girth The total weight of your package may not exceed 70 lbs. 1 Large envelopes that exceed size requirements will be charged the applicable First-Class Package International Service® (small packet) price. 2 Size Requirements: Height: 12 max. 3 Length: 15 max. 4 Thickness: 3/4 max. 5 Max. 6 Weight: 4", "The maximum weight limit for Priority Mail International service is 70 pounds, but lower country-specific weight limits might apply. To determine the maximum weight limit for each country, see the Individual Country Listings. 1 PS Form 2976-E is approximately 10-1/4 inches wide and 7-1/4 inches high. 2 The maximum size dimensions for Priority Mail International parcels vary by country and are noted in", "The package's actual weight is less than 70 pounds. For each OS2 package, the billable weight is 70 pounds. The maximum length per package is 108 inches or 270 centimeters. The maximum allowed size per package is 130 inches or 330 centimeters in length and girth combined. For updated information on the definition of oversized packages, please visit the following. The package's combined length and girth exceeds 84 inches. The package's combined length and girth is equal to or less than 108 inches. The package's actual weight is less than 30 pounds. For each OS1 package, the billable weight is", "First-Class Priority International delivery times vary by destination. First-Class Priority International is a USPS trademark. Note: The cost of postage will appear on all international shipping labels. Size requirement for packages is up to 24 inches long, and up to 36 inches in combined length, height, and depth. Note: The cost of postage will appear on all international shipping labels. Maximum weight for letters is 3.5 ounces. Maximum weight for large envelopes is 4 pounds. Size requirement for large envelopes is 6-1/8 to 12 inches high, 11-1/2 to 15 inches long, and ¼ to ¾ inch thick.", "1 Large Envelopes (Flats) Must be rectangular, flexible, and uniformly thick to qualify for flat pricing. 2 Large envelopes that exceed size requirements will be charged the applicable First-Class Package International Service® (small packet) price. 3 Size Requirements: Height: 12 max. 4 Length: 15 max. 1 Large envelopes that exceed size requirements will be charged the applicable First-Class Package International Service® (small packet) price. 2 Size Requirements: Height: 12 max. 3 Length: 15 max. 4 Thickness: 3/4 max. 5 Max. 6 Weight: 4 lbs", "First-Class Mail is a USPS trademark. The minimum size for First-Class Mail is 5 inches long, 3-1/2 inches high and 0.007 inches thick. The maximum size is 11-1/2 inches long, 6-1/8 inches high, and .75 inches thick. The maximum weight for letters is 3.5 ounces. Note: The cost of postage will appear on all international shipping labels. Maximum weight for letters is 3.5 ounces. Maximum weight for large envelopes is 4 pounds. Size requirement for large envelopes is 6-1/8 to 12 inches high, 11-1/2 to 15 inches long, and ¼ to ¾ inch thick.", "Packages (small packets) other than rolls must be within the following dimensions: 1 Maximum length: 24 inches. 2 Maximum length, height, and depth (thickness) combined: 36 inches. 3 Minimum size: Large enough to accommodate the postage, address, customs form, and other required elements on the address side. ", "Priority Mail International offers 6-10 day service to most international destinations. Priority Mail International is a USPS trademark. Note: The cost of postage will appear on all international shipping labels. The maximum weight for flat rate envelopes and small boxes is 4 pounds. Note: The cost of postage will appear on all international shipping labels. Maximum weight for letters is 3.5 ounces. Maximum weight for large envelopes is 4 pounds. Size requirement for large envelopes is 6-1/8 to 12 inches high, 11-1/2 to 15 inches long, and ¼ to ¾ inch thick.", "Answers. Best Answer: The minimum dimensions for a parcel would be one that exceeds the maximum dimension for a Letter or a Flat. Maximum size for Letters are 6 1/8x11 1/2x1/4. Maximum size for Flats/Large Envelope are 12x15x3/4. Flats must also be flexible and uniform in thickness. " ], "url": [ "https://www.usps.com/international/preparing-international-shipments.htm", "http://pe.usps.com/text/imm/immc2_011.htm", "http://wiki.productcart.com/productcart/shipping-oversized_items", "http://pages.ebay.com/help/pay/shipping-services.html", "https://www.usps.com/international/preparing-international-shipments.htm", "http://pages.ebay.com/help/pay/shipping-services.html", "http://pe.usps.com/text/imm/immc2_021.htm", "http://pages.ebay.com/help/pay/shipping-services.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120628152453AAft5yQ" ] }

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[ "Honey, Cabbage, broccoli, kale, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Fruits and Vegetables. Woman holding fresh strawberries Photo Credit moggara12/iStock/Getty Images. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin C, a water-soluble nutrient essential for warding off infections. Vitamin C helps to strengthen the immune system and increase resistance to infection. Foods can stimulate immune function, increasing resistance to infection, and inhibit the action of pathogenic microorganisms. Woman holding fresh strawberries Photo Credit moggara12/iStock/Getty Images. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin C, a water-soluble nutrient essential for warding off infections.", "antiseptic (antiseptics plural) 1 n-mass Antiseptic is a substance that kills germs and harmful bacteria. (=disinfectant) She bathed the cut with antiseptic. 2 adj Something that is antiseptic kills germs and harmful bacteria. These vegetables and herbs have strong antiseptic qualities. 1 n-mass Antiseptic is a substance that kills germs and harmful bacteria. (=disinfectant). She bathed the cut with antiseptic. 2 adj Something that is antiseptic kills germs and harmful bacteria.", "14 Ways Honey Can Heal. Cabbage. A member of the cruciferous vegetable family, along with broccoli, kale, cauliflower and Brussels sprouts, cabbage has long been recognized for its healing powers. One reason is the cancer fighting sulfur compounds. Another is that fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C are considered a natural antibiotic and a one-cup serving of cabbage provides about 75 percent of your daily adult allowance. Cabbage juice is highly recommended in the treatment of stomach ulcers. ", "Getting All the Nutrients You Need. While chlorophyll is found in all green vegetables, some of the richest sources of chlorophyll are from alfalfa, barley grass, chlorella, spirulina and wheatgrass. I cannot emphasize enough that we must have a variety in all that we juice, whether it be fruits or vegetables. For beginners, I usually suggest you start with a carrot and/or 2 green apples as the base. Add celery, cucumber, or lettuce, which are the easiest vegetables to drink. Ultimately, you want to aim to include more greens into your juices for its excellent healing properties. Include a slice of lemon when you juice greens to enhance the nutrients absorption rate and improve the juice taste", "Prevent Cross-Contamination. Cross-contamination is the physical movement or transfer of harmful bacteria from one person, object or place to another. Preventing cross-contamination is a key factor in preventing foodborne illness.", "But, it is also a very important proteinous compound that acts as our internal healer, cleanser, antiseptic, cell stimulator, rejuvenator and red blood cell builder, just as it is the “lifeblood” of the plant. Chlorophyll is a green photosynthetic pigment found in abundance in leaves of plants (vegetables). It absorbs sunlight and changes it into chemical energy for the plant. For beginners, I usually suggest you start with a carrot and/or 2 green apples as the base. Add celery, cucumber, or lettuce, which are the easiest vegetables to drink. Ultimately, you want to aim to include more greens into your juices for its excellent healing properties. Include a slice of lemon when you juice greens to enhance the nutrients absorption rate and improve the juice taste", "1 5 teaspoons of honey and 2 tablespoons of cinnamon – can help clear baldder infections. 2 5 teaspoons of honey mixed with 1 teaspoon of cinnamon can help relieve toothache. 3 To make a topical paste that can be used to treat skin infections, insect bites, burns and eczema, mix equal parts of honey and cinnamon. While eating garlic can help fight staph, strep and whole host of other infections, garlic oil can be applied to the skin to treat scrapes and burns, it can also be used to help fight ear infections. Note that when cooking garlic, it does lose some of its medicinal benefits." ], "url": [ "http://www.livestrong.com/article/122218-natural-antibiotic-foods/", "http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-cobuild/antiseptic%20solution", "http://www.care2.com/greenliving/common-foods-herbs-with-antibiotic-properties.html", "http://juicing-for-health.com/vegetable-juicing.html", "http://www.health.state.mn.us/foodsafety/clean/xcontamination.html", "http://juicing-for-health.com/vegetable-juicing.html", "http://www.thaimedicalnews.com/health-care-medical/natural-antibiotics-antiseptic-fight-infection/" ] }

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[ "Serving employees and their families of the LCBO, AGCO, Honeywell Limited, MTS Allstream Inc and a credit union that is there just for you Member Savings will change the way you look at banking." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO) is a non-share capital provincial Crown corporation in Ontario, Canada. It is accountable to the Ministry of Finance (Ontario) . ", "Network. Every member hates fees! That’s why Member Savings is part of the Exchange Network, offering over 2,300 “ding free” ATM’s across Canada and the United States. Withdraw your money completely free, every time. Many also offer free depositing, PIN change capabilities, 24 hour availability plus more. ", "As a credit union member, you don’t need deep pockets to feel like you own the place. Because you actually do. With an equal vote, equal share and equal say for every member, our credit unions are owned by the very people who choose to belong to them. From day-to-day banking to mortgages, investments and more, your credit union has all your financial needs covered. Most credit unions in Ontario provide a full roster of financial products and services, plus the expert advice you need to make better choices with your money.", "YOUR MONEY IS ALWAYS PROTECTED. Your credit union deposits are insured by the Deposit Insurance Corporation of Ontario, so you can rest easy. Similar to the banks, all credit union deposits are covered up to a statutory limit of $100,000 per account. And registered deposits, such as RRSPs, have unlimited protection. From day-to-day banking to mortgages, investments and more, your credit union has all your financial needs covered. Most credit unions in Ontario provide a full roster of financial products and services, plus the expert advice you need to make better choices with your money.", "Under Ontario's Liquor Control Act, Brewers Retail is the only retailer permitted to sell beer for off-site consumption, except for stores on the site of a brewery, locations of the provincial government-owned Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO), and LCBO-authorized agency stores in certain smaller communities. The Beer Store is the trading name for Brewers Retail, a privately owned chain of retail outlets selling beer and other malt beverages in the province of Ontario, Canada, founded in 1927.", "Account Options. Our Internet and telephone banking services give you total convenience and secure, round-the-clock access to your accounts. What’s more, your MEMBER CARD ® credit union debit card provides full access to Interac and surcharge-free access to THE EXCHANGE® Network, allowing you Canada-wide ATM banking. ", "In fiscal 2014-2015, LCBO sales topped the $5 billion mark for the first time, at $5.214 billion. The provincial agency transferred its 21st consecutive record dividend of $1.805 billion to the Ontario government, not including taxes. VINTAGES, LCBO’s fine wine and premium spirits business unit, saw sales rise to $425 million, up 10.2 per cent, over the previous year’s total of $386 million. In 2011, LCBO opened 13 new stores and carried out major upgrades on two outlets. These retail improvements contributed some $14.5 million in additional sales.", "LCBO transferred an all-time high $1.7 billion dividend (not including taxes) to the Ontario government, up $70 million (4.3 per cent) from the previous year. Net income rose $53 million to $1.711 billion, an increase of 3.2 per cent. VINTAGES, LCBO’s fine wine and premium spirits business unit, saw sales rise to $425 million, up 10.2 per cent, over the previous year’s total of $386 million. In 2011, LCBO opened 13 new stores and carried out major upgrades on two outlets. These retail improvements contributed some $14.5 million in additional sales.", "Let's get started. Serving employees and their families of the LCBO, AGCO, Honeywell Limited, MTS Allstream Inc., and the Shell Group of companies, we offer a full range of financial products and services. We are dedicated to your financial goals. Knowledgable staff, exceptional service, and a credit union that is there just for you – Member Savings will change the way you look at banking. Enjoy the attention of a financial institution that cares about you. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquor_Control_Board_of_Ontario", "http://membersavings.ca/", "https://www.creditunionsofontario.com/", "https://www.creditunionsofontario.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beer_Store", "http://membersavings.ca/banking.html", "http://www.lcbo.com/content/lcbo/en/corporate-pages/about.html", "http://www.lcbo.com/content/lcbo/en/corporate-pages/about.html", "https://www.creditunionsofontario.com/profile/member-savings-credit-union" ] }

[]

[ "New Zealand" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Manuka honey is produced in New Zealand from two closely related plants, both of which are commonly referred to as manuka. The most common honey source of these is Leptospermum scoparium. Other names for this plant include kahikatoa, red tea tree, and red manuka. ", "Mānuka honey is a monofloral honey produced in New Zealand and Australia from the nectar of the mānuka tree. The honey is commonly sold as an alternative medicine. While a component found in Manuka honey has demonstrated antibacterial properties in vitro, there is no conclusive evidence of benefit in medical use and no evidence that the whole honey has any benefit beyond its nutritional content.", "Mānuka honey is produced by introduced European honey bees (Apis mellifera) feeding on the mānuka or tea tree (Leptospermum scoparium) which grows uncultivated throughout New Zealand and southeastern Australia. Mānuka honey is markedly thixotropic and has shown the highest viscosity among a range of studied honeys. While a component found in Manuka honey has demonstrated antibacterial properties in vitro, there is no conclusive evidence of benefit in medical use and no evidence that the whole honey has any benefit beyond its nutritional content.", "Manuka honey is produced in New Zealand by bees that pollinate the native manuka bush. Advocates say it treats wound infections and other conditions. In manuka honey, MG comes from the conversion of another compound -- dihydroxyacetone -- that is found in high concentration in the nectar of manuka flowers.", "Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) essential oil in a clear glass vial. Leptospermum scoparium, commonly called mānuka, manuka myrtle, New Zealand teatree, broom tea-tree, or just tea tree, is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae, native to New Zealand and southeast Australia. ", "Another antibacterial component in manuka honey is methylglyoxal (MG). MG is a compound found in most types of honey, but usually only in small quantities. In manuka honey, MG comes from the conversion of another compound -- dihydroxyacetone -- that is found in high concentration in the nectar of manuka flowers. M G is thought to give manuka honey some of its antibacterial power. The higher the concentration of MG, the stronger the antibiotic effect", "Manuka honey is produced in New Zealand by bees that pollinate the native manuka bush. Advocates say it has been in traditional use for generations to treat wound infections. More recently it has been tested as a weapon against hospital infections like MRSA. How manuka honey is used. The main traditional medical use for manuka honey is on top of a wound. It is generally used for treating minor wounds and burns. The honey used to treat wounds is a medical-grade honey. It is specially sterilised and prepared as a dressing, not just a jar from a shelf in a kitchen.", "Manuka Trees & Native NZ Forests. The manuka tree grows only in New Zealand. Manuka trees typically act as a pioneering species in the regeneration of native New Zealand forests. The history of land use in New Zealand included the clearing of native forests for pastoral farming. ", "This antibacterial facet of the honey has been called the Unique Manuka Factor or UMF. Not all manuka honey possesses UMF; and it is not yet clear why honey produced in some regions has a UMF while honey produced in other areas does not. The honey that possesses the factor is called Active Manuka Honey or UMF Honey. Manuka honey is honey that is made by bees collecting pollen predominantly from the flowers of the Leptospermum Scoparium tree. The honey cannot be called as such unless at least 70% of the pollen it is made of comes from the Manuka Tree." ], "url": [ "http://www.airborne.co.nz/manuka.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81nuka_honey", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81nuka_honey", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/manuka-honey-medicinal-uses", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptospermum_scoparium", "http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/manuka-honey-medicinal-uses", "http://www.webmd.boots.com/vitamins-and-minerals/manuka-honey", "http://www.beesandtrees.com/pages/new-zealand-native-forests", "http://honey.wisepooch.com/Manuka-Honey/what-is-manuka-honey.php" ] }

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[ "Career Fair Sponsor - $1000 per Career Fair. Your sponsorship will fund refreshments and other items for students at career fairs. Career Fair sponsors will be recognized in pre-fair materials, ads, and publications as well as in multiple locations at the career fair of your choice." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The Cook County Bar Association is greatly appreciative of our law firm and corporate sponsors. For the 7th year, the law firm of Jenner & Block LLP has graciously agreed to serve as host firm for the Job Fair and hosts all planning meetings. For over 30 years, the Job Fair has provided the opportunity for minority law students to interview with top law firms, corporations, and government agencies from across the country.", "8th Grade Career Fair. The 8th Grade Career Fair is a high-energy event, attended by over 4,000 students, 180 businesses and organizations, 20 post-secondary institutions, 25 DPS high schools, and 100 adult and student volunteers. Connecting Education and Work. At the Career Fair, students find their Career Cluster of interest and interview 2-3 career representatives to find out what they do, what skills they need and how best to prepare.", "The volume of employers and students participating in the Job Fair has increased dramatically in recent years. The growth of the Job Fair is attributed to the growing demand for a diverse workforce by law firms and their clients. Scores of the nation’s most talented minority law students convene in Chicago year after year for our Job Fair in order to be matched with employers that are specifically seeking them. As a result, years of diverse hires can be found among the ranks of top law firm rosters today. For over 30 years, the Job Fair has provided the opportunity for minority law students to interview with top law firms, corporations, and government agencies from across the country.", "Preparation is key to success at a job or career fair: how to do it! Listed for each fair. Go to the event-sponsor website for complete information, including attending employers, directions, and other details. Event sponsors who want an event listed or need updates to your event info listed on this page: send facts in body of e-mail (no PDFs, please), with your event as subject line, to [email protected].", "Employer support of our programs and events is essential to our success and to the success of our students and alumni. The SJSU Career Center recognizes and acknowledges our Employer Sponsors who support our educational mission. ", "CHERRY SPONSORSHIP ($550.00 + Career Fair Registration Fee). 1 Prime table location. 2 An additional booth/table registration (includes 2 additional recruiters, 2 additional meal cards, 1 additional parking all added to your registration). Sponsorship Opportunities. We understand that you want to maximize your recruiting efforts and make your presence known with the University of New Mexico students and community.", "Fall Internship and Job Fair. When: Tuesday, September 29 and Wednesday, September 30 from 12-4pm. Where: Norris University Center, Second Floor, 1999 Campus Drive, Evanston IL 60208. Who: Open to all NU undergraduate and graduate students and alumni. Registration is open and can be found on your homepage in CareerCat. Please create a profile if you do not currently have access. We are only able to store packages for one night before the fair. Please bring a completed return shipping label (which includes your account number and address of desired shipment location). Any carrier may be used to ship materials to the fair but please bring FedEX labels for any return shipment.", "Career Fair Sponsor - $1000 per Career Fair. Your sponsorship will fund refreshments and other items for students at career fairs. Career Fair sponsors will be recognized in pre-fair materials, ads, and publications as well as in multiple locations at the career fair of your choice. All Corporate Sponsorship benefits will be effective for one year beginning at enrollment date. Multiple year commitments may qualify for additional benefits. To become a Corporate Sponsor, contact Philip Goodwin at 405-744-5253 or [email protected]" ], "url": [ "http://ccbaminorityjobfair.org/sponsors/", "http://dps8thgradecareerfair.dpsk12.org/", "http://ccbaminorityjobfair.org/sponsors/", "https://www.career.vt.edu/Fairs/EducationJobFairs.html", "http://www.sjsu.edu/careercenter/employers/employer-sponsors/index.html", "http://www.career.unm.edu/employers/sponsorship-opportunities.html", "http://www.northwestern.edu/recruit/recruit/participate-in-career-fair/index.html", "http://www.hireosugrads.com/Employers/Presence-Sponsorship.aspx" ] }

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[ "The IRS payment plan has a fee of $105 to set up. You can lower the fee to $52 with a direct debit agreement. If your income is below a certain level, you may qualify for a reduced payment plan fee of $43." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "For example, if the IRS notice says you reported $6,129 of miscellaneous income on your return but that a Form 1099 sent to the IRS shows the payment was actually $16,129, check your return to see if the IRS is correct. Sometimes even the IRS is wrong. For more details about Forms 1099, click here. 7. Powers of attorney are submitted to the IRS on Form 2848. See IRS Form 2848 and IRS instructions for Form 2848. Even if you don’t have a power of attorney on file, the IRS is (quite appropriately) procedure-conscious in the extreme.", "3. Debit card. Paying your taxes can be as easy as swiping your debit card like you do to pay for groceries. There is a fee, however, of $3.89 to $3.95, imposed by the company that provides the debit card services. If you’d rather keep that money to buy yourself a latte, consider paying with another method, such as writing a check. ", "Form or Notice. Provide the number for the form or IRS notice with the balance due that you are paying. Write the tax year or period and the form number, such as 2014 Form 1040 for a tax return. Use Form 4868 on the check to pay the estimated tax if you're asking for more time to file your return. ", "Visit this page to learn how to pay for state income taxes. Pay by Check or Money Order: You can mail a check or money order to the IRS. A payment voucher (Form 1040-V) will be generated with your tax return and you should include this form when you mail your check. 1 A payment voucher (Form 1040-V) will be generated with your tax return and you should include this form when you mail your check. 2 The correct IRS mailing address to use is based on your state residence, and you can find the appropriate mailing address on your payment voucher [ Form 1040-V sample ].", "You can also call the IRS to check the status. However, the IRS phone representatives can only research your refund status if 21 days have passed since you e-filed, or six weeks since you filed a paper return, or if their web-based tool directs you to call them. Plus, they might be a little busy around tax time. If you e-file, you can check after 24 hours. If you do a paper-based return, wait four weeks. The IRS states that the online tool is only updated once every 24 hours, so there is no need to check it more often. In general, you can expect your refund about 21 days after you e-file.", "In New York, passing a bad check can get you up to 3 months in jail or a fine of up to $750 based on the face value of the check and additional penalties. In California, if it is a first time offense and the amount is less than $200 the penalty is limited to up to a year in county jail. ", "You can pay by credit or debit card through a third-party payment processor. The IRS does not pay the card fees like merchants do, so you are responsible for paying the card fees in addition to the tax fees. Fees can range from $2.99 to $3.95 for a debit card payment to 1.8 - 2.35 percent for credit card payments.", "Installment Payments: If you can't pay the full amount you owe on your tax return (or on a notice sent by the IRS), you can use the Installment Agreement Request (Form 9465) to request a monthly installment plan. Generally, you can have up to 60 months to pay. Form 9465 is available during the checkout process. Once your return is accepted, if you chose Direct Deposit, your refund should be deposited into your account in about 2-3 weeks. If you chose to receive a paper check, the IRS needs to print and mail it. In this case your check may take 2-3 weeks longer to arrive.", "The IRS payment plan has a fee of $105 to set up. You can lower the fee to $52 with a direct debit agreement. If your income is below a certain level, you may qualify for a reduced payment plan fee of $43. This is a one-time only fee and is not part of your payments. The IRS does not pay the card fees like merchants do, so you are responsible for paying the card fees in addition to the tax fees. Fees can range from $2.99 to $3.95 for a debit card payment to 1.8 - 2.35 percent for credit card payments." ], "url": [ "http://www.forbes.com/2010/08/26/irs-notices-letters-10-tips-personal-finance-tax-lawyer-wood.html", "http://blog.taxact.com/pay-income-tax-bill/", "http://www.ehow.com/how_16747_write-check-irs.html", "http://www.efile.com/payment-options-for-federal-IRS-income-taxes-you-owe/", "http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2015/03/29/how-to-check-your-federal-irs-tax-refund-status.aspx", "http://criminal-law.freeadvice.com/criminal-law/white_collar_crimes/bad_check_credit.htm", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mark-steber/everything-you-need-to_b_2966329.html", "https://www.esmarttax.com/support/faq-money/", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mark-steber/everything-you-need-to_b_2966329.html" ] }

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[ "The long-run marginal cost curve shows for each unit of output the added total cost incurred in the long run, that is, the conceptual period when all factors of production are variable so as minimize long-run average total cost. The long-run marginal cost curve is shaped by returns to scale, a long-run concept, rather than the law of diminishing marginal returns, which is a short-run concept." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The long-run marginal cost curve intersects the long-run average cost curve at the minimum point of the latter. When long-run marginal costs are below long-run average costs, long-run average costs are falling (as to additional units of output). Given that LRAC is an average quantity, one must not confuse it with the long-run marginal cost curve, which is the cost of one more unit. The LRAC curve is created as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves, each based on a particular fixed level of capital usage.", "In the short run, the shape of the average total cost curve (ATC) is U-shaped. The, short run average cost curve falls in the beginning, reaches a minimum and then begins to rise. The reasons for the average cost to fall in the beginning of production are that the fixed factors of a firm remain the same. The change only takes place in the variable factors such as raw material, labor, etc.", "Long-run marginal cost is the slope of the long-run total cost curve. With TC (Q) =2 Q, the slope of the long-run total cost curve is 2, and thus MC (Q) = 2. Long-run mar-ginal cost also does not depend on Q. Its graph is the same horizontal line.This exercise illustrates a general point. ", "While the shape of the long-run marginal cost curve looks surprisingly like that of a short-run marginal cost curve, the underlying forces are different. This U-shape is NOT the result of increasing, then decreasing marginal returns that surface in the short run when a variable input is added to a fixed input. The negatively-sloped portion of this long-run marginal cost curve reflects economies of scale and increasing returns to scale. 1 Long-run Average Cost: This curve graphically illustrates the relation between long-run average cost, which is the per unit cost incurred by all of the factors of production used in the long run by a firm to produce a good or service, and the level of production.", "The long-run marginal cost curve shows for each unit of output the added total cost incurred in the long run, that is, the conceptual period when all factors of production are variable so as minimize long-run average total cost. Given that LRAC is an average quantity, one must not confuse it with the long-run marginal cost curve, which is the cost of one more unit. The LRAC curve is created as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves, each based on a particular fixed level of capital usage.", "It is clear from the diagram (13.9), that the long run marginal cost curve and the long run average total cost curve show the same behavior as the short run marginal cost curve express with the short run average total cost curve. The marginal cost of the second unit is the difference between the total cost of the second unit and total cost of the first unit. The marginal cost of the 5th unit is $5. It is the difference between the total cost of the 6th unit and the total cost of the, 5th unit and so forth.", "When long-run marginal costs are above long run average costs, average costs are rising. Long-run marginal cost equals short run marginal-cost at the least-long-run-average-cost level of production. LRMC is the slope of the LR total-cost function. Given that LRAC is an average quantity, one must not confuse it with the long-run marginal cost curve, which is the cost of one more unit. The LRAC curve is created as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves, each based on a particular fixed level of capital usage.", "The long-run marginal cost curve is shaped by returns to scale, a long-run concept, rather than the law of diminishing marginal returns, which is a short-run concept. The long-run marginal cost curve tends to be flatter than its short-run counterpart due to increased input flexibility as to cost minimization. Given that LRAC is an average quantity, one must not confuse it with the long-run marginal cost curve, which is the cost of one more unit. The LRAC curve is created as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves, each based on a particular fixed level of capital usage.", "Long Run Average Cost Curve: In the long run, all costs of a firm are variable. The factors of production can be used in varying proportions to deal with an increased output. The firm having time-period long enough can build larger scale or type of plant to produce the anticipated output. The, short run average cost curve falls in the beginning, reaches a minimum and then begins to rise. The reasons for the average cost to fall in the beginning of production are that the fixed factors of a firm remain the same. The change only takes place in the variable factors such as raw material, labor, etc.", "Long Run Marginal Cost Curve: The long run marginal cost curve like the long run average cost curve is U-shaped. As production expands, the marginal cost falls sharply in the beginning, reaches a minimum and then rises sharply. The marginal cost of the second unit is the difference between the total cost of the second unit and total cost of the first unit. The marginal cost of the 5th unit is $5. It is the difference between the total cost of the 6th unit and the total cost of the, 5th unit and so forth." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_curve", "http://www.economicsconcepts.com/short_run_and_long_run_cost_curves.htm", "http://www.fep.up.pt/docentes/moutinho/micro/Besanko-ch08.pdf", "http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpd&c=dsp&k=long-run+marginal+cost", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_curve", "http://economicsconcepts.com/marginal_cost.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_curve", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_curve", "http://www.economicsconcepts.com/short_run_and_long_run_cost_curves.htm", "http://economicsconcepts.com/marginal_cost.htm" ] }

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[ "SCC4 SAP ABAP transaction code-Client Administration." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Posted By admin on May 31, 2013. In same cases, you may want to change an SAP table from a customizing SAP table to an application table. The difference between these two is that a customizing table typically prompts you to create a transport upon any changes saved on the table. In an application table, as data is saved in the table via SM30 or through a table maintenance transaction, a transport would not be required. ", "SCC4 SAP ABAP transaction code-Client Administration. SCC4 (Client Administration) is a standard SAP transaction code available within R/3 SAP systems depending on your version and release level. Below for your convenience is a few details about tcode SCC4 including any standard documentation available. In-order to use this transaction within your SAP system simply enter it into the command input box located in the top left hand corner and press enter. Here are a few additional command options available to use when doing this.", "Pinterest0. Transaction code SCC4 is used to define the client. This is a cross-client transaction; any changes made will affect all the clients in the SAP system. This is a controlled transaction which is to be authorized user only. 1. A client has various characteristics that are maintained considering for which purpose the client is used.", "Tip: using transaction code SE16, in the SAP table TSTC all transaction codes can be viewd. Remark: The usual SAP terminology create, read, update and delete (CRUD) is here abbreviated referred to as change or maintain. Transaction Codes-Overview. When I started to work with SAP I got really mad about all these non-sensical 4 digit SAP transactions. In the usual help section of SAP, or under tips & tricks, I could not find what I was looking for.", "2. No changes allowed. The thrid option. 3. automatic recording of changes is always used in a development client. This is because changes done in that system have to be transported to quality and production systems and hence a transport request is automatically generated. 4. Hi, As per the Auditors infstructions we need to change the SCC4 settings in Production Environment to No Changes allowed from Changes without automatic recording.. Could you please let us know what is actually meant by that and what would happen if we chaNge that option in Production environment..", "No Changes allowed this is the standard option to be set in production environment.This option does not allow cross-client object to be changed.Change is only possible in the system through importing transport requests. Reward points if helpfull. Regards, Vamshi. Hi, As per the Auditors infstructions we need to change the SCC4 settings in Production Environment to No Changes allowed from Changes without automatic recording.. Could you please let us know what is actually meant by that and what would happen if we chaNge that option in Production environment..", "Table T000 is a fundamental table in your SAP System. You create and maintain your SAP System clients in this table. Therefore, you should protect this table in your productive system from unauthorized access. To protect T000, take the following precautions: · Give maintenance access to system administrators only. The corresponding authorization object is S_ADMI_FCD. ", "It is also called as customizing organizer which tracks any changes via this transaction code. A transport request depends on its type can be created in Workbench Organizer or Customizing Organizer. It is not possible to include different types of data in any of these request types. " ], "url": [ "http://www.sapguides.com/tutorials/tag/scc4/", "http://www.se80.co.uk/saptcodes/s/scc4/scc4.htm", "http://itsiti.com/scc4-clients-overview", "http://www.connexin.net/sap-transaction-codes.html", "http://scn.sap.com/thread/749821", "http://scn.sap.com/thread/749821", "http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70ehp2/helpdata/en/9b/ec3785f37211d3a6510000e835363f/content.htm", "http://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/Basis/SE10+-+Transport+Organizer" ] }

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[ "The best way is to put them in cold water; bring them gently to a boil and then with saucepan off the heat, allow them to remain in the water for 1 to 2 hours only. \nlegumes are regarded as an important staple in countries where fresh vegetables are not available during the winter months. Beans can easily be stored in a one-gallon container or a five-gallon bucket with a tight-fitting lid." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Green beans can be cooked ahead of time and stored up to a few days if desired. 2 Cook until crisp-tender using your method of choice. 3 Rinse in cold water and dry thoroughly with paper towels. 4 Store refrigerated, wrapped in plastic or sealable bag for up to 4 days. Beans should be stored in a cool place. If they are not going to be used for 2 or 3 days, store in a perforated bag in the crisper area of the refrigerator. They can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 5 days. They are best if eaten shortly after harvesting.", "This is good news because if you are in a crisis situation and can’t get to the grocery store to get meat, you can use beans and rice. Beans and rice in the dry form are easy to store and will keep for a long time. That is why we call them staples. They should be in everyone’s pantry. Beans are classified as legumes. Dry beans and legumes are regarded as an important staple in countries where fresh vegetables are not available during the winter months. Beans can easily be stored in a one-gallon container or a five-gallon bucket with a tight-fitting lid.", "Legume (Bean) varieties such as: Adzuki, Black, Black-eyed, Black Turtle, Garbanzo, Great Northern, Kidney, Lentils, Lima, Mung, Navy, Pink, Pinto, Small Red, Soy, and Split-pea can all be dried and stored. The shelf life of dry beans depends on their storage condition. Soak most beans in three times their volume of cold water for six hours before cooking. Dried beans are often soaked too long. Most recipes say overnight. The best way is to put them in cold water; bring them gently to a boil and then with saucepan off the heat, allow them to remain in the water for 1 to 2 hours only.", "Home › Dry Beans. Legume (Bean) varieties such as: Adzuki, Black, Black-eyed, Black Turtle, Garbanzo, Great Northern, Kidney, Lentils, Lima, Mung, Navy, Pink, Pinto, Small Red, Soy, and Split-pea can all be dried and stored. Quality & Purchase. Storage Conditions. Beans in normal polyethylene (food-grade) bags have a shelf life of 1 year or more. Like most stored foods, colder storage temperatures will increase shelf life. When packaged in #10 cans or Mylar-type bags, with the oxygen removed, they have a shelf life of 10 or more years 1.", "Uncooked beans can be stored in glass containers for up to a year, while cooked beans should be refrigerated and can last for up to a week. This bean may also be referred to as a cave bean, a New Mexico cave bean, a New Mexico appaloosa, the Aztec bean, and Jacob's cattle bean. Beans should be stored in a cool place. If they are not going to be used for 2 or 3 days, store in a perforated bag in the crisper area of the refrigerator. They can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 5 days. They are best if eaten shortly after harvesting.", "Instead, keep dried beans, peas and lentils in airtight containers and store them in a dry, cool, dark place. If you do it right, beans will last up to a year, lentils, up to 6 months. Cooked: Refrigerate cooked beans in a covered container for up to 5 days. ", "Since the bulk of the recommended legume storage is beans, here is a basic summary of Do’s and Don’ts. BEAN DO’S: 1 Store dry beans in a cool, dry place. 2 Lightly rinse packaged dry beans; sort through them and remove any pebbles, seed pods, leaves or twigs. Key Points. 1 Beans, peas and lentils are the richest source of vegetable protein and are a good source of both soluble and insoluble dietary fiber. 2 Utilizing dried beans and soaking them overnight is the best way to get the true bean flavor and a smooth texture. 3 When legumes are eaten with grains, nuts or seeds, a complete protein can be formed ...", "Shelf life. Scientific studies on vitamin loss in dried beans during prolonged storage could not be found. The loss would be expected to follow similar patterns as other long term stored foods where vitamin degradation occurs after 2-3 years and most vitamins are no longer present after approximately five years. Storage Conditions. Beans in normal polyethylene (food-grade) bags have a shelf life of 1 year or more. Like most stored foods, colder storage temperatures will increase shelf life. When packaged in #10 cans or Mylar-type bags, with the oxygen removed, they have a shelf life of 10 or more years 1.", "Home » Bean Cuisine » Storing Beans. Uncooked, dry beans should be stored in tightly sealed containers and kept in a cool, dry area. While storage time does not affect nutrient value, beans may require longer cook times as they age. Cooked beans, if refrigerated, will keep for up to five days in a covered container. Do not store beans in their original cooking pot! After cooking, place leftover beans in tightly covered containers to allow for proper cooling and storage. Cooked beans may also be frozen for later use." ], "url": [ "http://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--818/all-about-beans.asp", "http://personalliberty.com/rice-and-beans-a-good-choice-for-long-term-food-storage/", "http://whatscookingamerica.net/Vegetables/driedbeantip.htm", "http://extension.usu.edu/foodstorage/htm/dry-beans/", "http://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--818/all-about-beans.asp", "http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/recipes/food-guides/beans", "http://foodstoragemadeeasy.net/babysteps/step-6-legumes/", "http://extension.usu.edu/foodstorage/htm/dry-beans/", "http://www.usdrybeans.com/recipes/storing-beans/" ] }

[]

[ "$2,354" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Also, the statewide average price for propane, like heating oil, is a spot price, not a pre-buy price. The spot price for propane is based on a use of at least 900 gallons a year. Households using propane just for cooking or hot water generally pay a higher per gallon price. Also, the statewide average price for propane is based on a use of at least 900 gallons a year. Households using propane just for cooking or hot water generally pay a higher per gallon price. The table above provides current Maine cash prices in dollars rounded to the nearest penny.", "Residential propane prices have seen a more modest decrease of 3.7 percent to just over $2.95 per gallon, according to the EIA website. Gasoline prices in the Baltimore metro area have dropped to under $2.40 per gallon. That's down from $3.46 this time last year, according to the AAA fuel price report. In the past month, residential heating oil costs in the state have dropped 8.9 percent to just over $3.15 per gallon, excluding taxes. Prices haven't been this low since fall 2010, according to the federal Energy Information Administration website.", "This week, within the Energy Office sample, the highest heating oil price ($2.44) was found in one region in the state, and the lowest heating oil price ($1.70 was recorded in three regions. Also, the statewide average price for propane is based on a use of at least 900 gallons a year. Households using propane just for cooking or hot water generally pay a higher per gallon price. The table above provides current Maine cash prices in dollars rounded to the nearest penny.", "Add to Watchlists. US Residential Heating Oil Price is at a current level of 2.442, up from 2.422 last week and down from 4.123 one year ago. This is a change of 0.83% from last week and -40.77% from one year ago. 1 Category: Energy. 2 Region: United States. 3 Report: Weekly Heating Oil and Propane Price", "Using this week’s average heating oil price ($1.99), and converting to a common heating unit value (million Btu), the price of fuel oil is $14.35. Also, the statewide average price for propane is based on a use of at least 900 gallons a year. Households using propane just for cooking or hot water generally pay a higher per gallon price. The table above provides current Maine cash prices in dollars rounded to the nearest penny.", "Home Heating Calculator. Typically, approximately 50% of the energy consumed in a home annually is for space heating. When deciding on a heating system, many factors will come into play: cost of fuel, installation cost, convenience and life style are all important. Choose your fuel type, then heating system or appliance. An average fuel price (based on the previous heating season) will display. Just change the price to reflect your most current fuel cost, and the approximate annual heating cost will be calculated for you.", "The key thing worldwide is that we've seen an increase in production in the U.S. and a decrease in demand, he said. The average household used about 600 gallons of heating oil last winter. At that time, the average price of heating oil was $3.88 per gallon, which amounts to $2,354 per year, he said. If the price stays at $3.15, the average household could save about $464. In the past month, residential heating oil costs in the state have dropped 8.9 percent to just over $3.15 per gallon, excluding taxes. Prices haven't been this low since fall 2010, according to the federal Energy Information Administration website.", "By factoring in the fuel price and the efficiency of the heating appliances, it allows you to estimate the cost of heating the average home (1500 sq. ft.). An average, well-insulated home uses approximately 50,000 Btu per sq. ft., or approximately 540 gallons of fuel oil per year. This calculator does not include the cost of heating domestic hot water. Choose your fuel type, then heating system or appliance. An average fuel price (based on the previous heating season) will display. Just change the price to reflect your most current fuel cost, and the approximate annual heating cost will be calculated for you." ], "url": [ "http://maine.gov/energy/fuel_prices/index.shtml", "http://www.capitalgazette.com/news/business/ph-ac-cn-heating-oil-010315-20150109-story.html", "http://maine.gov/energy/fuel_prices/index.shtml", "https://ycharts.com/indicators/us_residential_heating_oil_price", "http://maine.gov/energy/fuel_prices/index.shtml", "http://www.maine.gov/energy/fuel_prices/heating-calculator.php", "http://www.capitalgazette.com/news/business/ph-ac-cn-heating-oil-010315-20150109-story.html", "http://www.maine.gov/energy/fuel_prices/heating-calculator.php" ] }

[]

[ "3 to 5 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Under these temperatures, cooked meat can develop staleness as quickly as 3 to 4 hours. So if you are planning on eating cooked meat which has been left out for more than 4 hours on the shelf, you will be doing it at a health risk. In most food establishments, 4 hours is the maximum duration that a cooked meat is allowed to stand on the shelf when the room temperature is between 40F to 140F. At temperatures less than 40F, foods can remain bacteria free for a longer duration.", "Cooked pork at room temperature is safe to eat for a few hours. If stored in the refrigerator, cooked pork is safe to eat for 3 to 5 days. If you freeze the cooked pork, y … ou can store it for 4 months. Answered. Anything that you have cooked and put into the refrigerator should only be good for 7 days then it will make you sick, but you really should eat it with in 2 or 3 days.", "Do not leave any pork at room temperature for more than two hours. If cooked pork is not going to be used within four days of cooking, it should be frozen. Refrigerating. Raw or cooked meat can be stored safely in a refrigerator at 40°F or lower for several days. Smaller cuts can be cooked to a lower temperature to prevent them from drying out too quickly, but should be cooked to at least 145°F. Pork cooked to these temperatures may still be slightly pink inside, but safe to eat as long as it has reached the proper degrees.", "Duration Cooked Meat Can be Left Out. In most food establishments, 4 hours is the maximum duration that a cooked meat is allowed to stand on the shelf when the room temperature is between 40F to 140F. At temperatures less than 40F, foods can remain bacteria free for a longer duration.", "Cooked muscle meats can be pink even when the meat has reached a safe internal temperature. If fresh pork has reached 145 °F throughout, and is given a 4 minute rest, even though it may still be pink in the center, it will be safe. The pink color can be due to the cooking method or added ingredients. Cooking the Meat: For safety, FDA recommends cooking ground pork patties and other ground mixtures to 155 °F. Cook whole muscle meats such as chops and roasts, and fresh cured ham to 145 °F (medium rare) with a 4 minute rest before carving or eating, 160 °F (medium), or 170 °F (well done).", "Too many people rely on scent and visual examination to determine the safety of eating leftovers -- a recipe for food-related illness. Here are guides to determine how long cooked meat leftovers can be safely eaten: 1 Cooked ground beef or turkey: 3 to 4 days. 2 Deli meat: 3 to 5 days. ", "NEVER thaw meat at room temperature. Allow a 24-hour thawing period in the refrigerator. After defrosting raw pork by this method, it will be safe in the refrigerator up to five days before cooking or, if you decide not to use the pork, you can safely refreeze it without cooking it first. Cooking the Meat: For safety, FDA recommends cooking ground pork patties and other ground mixtures to 155 °F. Cook whole muscle meats such as chops and roasts, and fresh cured ham to 145 °F (medium rare) with a 4 minute rest before carving or eating, 160 °F (medium), or 170 °F (well done).", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. Cooked pork at room temperature is safe to eat for a few hours. If stored in the refrigerator, cooked pork is safe to eat for 3 to 5 days. If you freeze the cooked pork, you can store it for 4 months. It will be safe to eat for a long time, assuming it is cooked first. But pork does go rancid even when frozen, so plan on using it within 4 months. + 5 others found this useful." ], "url": [ "http://www.outofstress.com/cooked-meat-facts/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_will_cooked_refrigerated_pork_chops_be_safe_to_eat", "http://www.recipetips.com/kitchen-tips/t--159/pork-handling-safety-storage.asp", "http://www.outofstress.com/cooked-meat-facts/", "http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/food/food_safety/handling/hgic3511.html", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/food-storage-health/how-long-cooked-meat-leftovers", "http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/food/food_safety/handling/hgic3511.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_is_cooked_pork_safe_to_eat" ] }

[]

[ "2 year" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "* Two thirds of the bags with expired expiration dates were roasted in the fourth quarter of 2004 (if the embossed expiration dates are typos, as the vendor claims). Although this vendor has assured me, via E-mail, that all of the coffee pods they sent me are absolutely fresh... I certainly wouldn’t have purchased the coffee if I had known how old it was and/or that most of it had “expired” expiration dates.", "However, in terms of the shelf life of coffee, how long coffee lasts, and if coffee expires-it does not matter whether it has caffeine or is decaffeinated. Like a lot of other drinks, it usually has a best before date or a sell by date and not a use by date or expiration date. ", "How long do K-cups last? The shelf life of K-cups is influenced mainly by the best by date and your taste buds. K-cups are individually sealed pods of ground coffee, tea, hot chocolate or apple cider. These products do not actually go bad for a very long time, but the flavor and quality do decrease over time. Of course, K cups last for a shorter period of time if they not stored properly or if their original seal is somehow broken. But remember that K cups, like a lot of other drinks, usually have a best by date which is simply the last day a manufacturer will vouch for their optimal quality and flavor, not their safety.", "That being said, we're finding that some roasters are putting extremely short expiration dates on their pods (Timothy's is the best example). Most roasters give nitrogen flushed pods about 18 months of shelf lift, but Timothy's seems to be targeting just 2-3 months. Although this vendor has assured me, via E-mail, that all of the coffee pods they sent me are absolutely fresh... I certainly wouldn’t have purchased the coffee if I had known how old it was and/or that most of it had “expired” expiration dates.", "The vendor confirms that the dates stamped on the coffee pods are, indeed, expiration dates. In their E-mail response, the vendor stated that The standard law in Europe for coffee pod technology allows a 2 year shelf life.. (This would seem to be totally irrelevant for a variety of reasons... Although this vendor has assured me, via E-mail, that all of the coffee pods they sent me are absolutely fresh... I certainly wouldn’t have purchased the coffee if I had known how old it was and/or that most of it had “expired”", "How long before coffee pods expire? I know some of the boxes come stamped with a use by date, but what I'm really wondering is how many packages I can order from a site like betterpods and not have to worry about them expiring before I get a chance to use them. All the stuff in between is oxygen-free (it's filled with Nitrogen) so the pods are packed without oxygen and will last a long long time. Our pods are officially rated with 18 months til expiration, but we quote 15 months to our customers.", "It’s a little more involved than that, but generally expired coffee beans are ok to drink. However, sometimes it just can’t be helped, so in those instances, I hope that this information will be of use to you. I can’t honestly tell you what the coffee expiration date is as this isn’t a hard science. And the coffee best buy date or the coffee use by date that you find on the bag of coffee beans is the manufacturers estimate of how long coffee will stay at it’s peak flavor. So that really doesn’t tell you much. ", "Each K-Cup ® pod has a Best-Used-by-Date imprinted on the side. The Best-Used-by-Date is a guideline for optimal freshness recommended by the Roaster; it’s not an expiration date. K-Cup ® pods are nitrogen-flushed, sealed for freshness and impermeable to oxygen, moisture and light. ", "In this case, three quarters of the bags in the shipment contained coffee pods with expired expiration dates: * Two thirds of the bags with expired expiration dates had dates that expired in the fourth quarter of 2005. Although this vendor has assured me, via E-mail, that all of the coffee pods they sent me are absolutely fresh... I certainly wouldn’t have purchased the coffee if I had known how old it was and/or that most of it had “expired” expiration dates." ], "url": [ "http://www.singleservecoffeeforums.com/coffee-pod-expiration-dates-t1602.html", "http://www.eatbydate.com/drinks/coffee-tea-shelf-life/coffee-shelf-life-expiration-date/", "http://www.eatbydate.com/drinks/coffee-tea-shelf-life/how-long-do-kcups-last-shelf-life/", "http://www.singleservecoffeeforums.com/coffee-pod-expiration-dates-t1602.html", "http://www.singleservecoffeeforums.com/coffee-pod-expiration-dates-t1602.html", "http://coffeegeek.com/forums/coffee/questions/186775", "http://coffeesensei.com/can-you-drink-expired-coffee", "http://www.keurig.com/support/k-cup-packs", "http://www.singleservecoffeeforums.com/coffee-pod-expiration-dates-t1602.html" ] }

[]

[ "A payroll clerk assists in the process of making sure a company pays employees accurately and on time." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Pays employees by calculating pay and deductions; issuing checks. This payroll clerk sample job description can assist in your creating a job application that will attract job candidates who are qualified for the job. Feel free to revise this job description to meet your specific job duties and job requirement", "The annual salary for someone with the job title Payroll Clerk may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education. For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Payroll Clerk in the United States is $40,504, so 50% of the people who perform the job of Payroll Clerk in the United States are expected to make less than $40,504. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. 1 Salary. 2 Salary + Bonus. 3 Benefits.", "Payroll Clerks. Payroll clerks, who are also called payroll administrators or timekeeping clerks, focus only on the salary functions of accounting. They compute the work times, wages and commissions of employees. They process paperwork for new employees by entering information into the payroll system", "Earnings. While payroll clerks hold what are considered entry-level jobs, their responsibilities are important, meaning a respectable wage. According to PayScale.com, payroll clerks earned anywhere from about $26,000 to about $36,000 per year in June 2010. Job Duties of a Payroll Clerk. Payroll clerks often enter employee and timekeeping information into computers. A payroll clerk assists in the process of making sure a company pays employees accurately and on time. Payroll clerks collect and organize time sheets and enter information related to employees and pay periods into a computer", "Payroll Clerk Job Duties: 1 Maintains payroll information by collecting, calculating, and entering data. 2 Updates payroll records by entering changes in exemptions, insurance coverage, savings deductions, and job title and department/division transfers. 3 Prepares reports by compiling summaries of earnings, taxes, deductions, leave, disability, and ... This payroll clerk sample job description can assist in your creating a job application that will attract job candidates who are qualified for the job." ], "url": [ "http://hiring.monster.com/hr/hr-best-practices/recruiting-hiring-advice/job-descriptions/payroll-clerk-job-description-sample.aspx", "http://www1.salary.com/Payroll-Clerk-salary.html", "http://work.chron.com/difference-between-payroll-clerk-accounting-clerk-9837.html", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/job-duties-payroll-clerk-3574.html", "http://hiring.monster.com/hr/hr-best-practices/recruiting-hiring-advice/job-descriptions/payroll-clerk-job-description-sample.aspx" ] }

[]

[ "Radiology tech" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Location. In 2011, job opportunities for radiography careers were best in states with the highest populations. California topped the list with 17,170 positions. It also had the second-highest average annual pay, $68,650, or $33 per hour. Texas was next for employment with 15,450 jobs at a mean $54,010 per year, or $25.96 hourly. ", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. The highest paid radiology tech jobs are found in California. The national average of salaries for radiology techs is $56,000. These same jobs pay $86,000 in California. ", "Radiologic technologists earned a median salary of $55,200 in 2013. The highest-paid earned $78,440, while the lowest-paid earned $37,570. The metropolitan areas that compensate radiologic technologists the best are located in California and include Vallejo, Oakland, San Jose, San Francisco and Hanford, among others. ", "Radiologists are the Physicians (M.D.'s) that do the actual diagnoses of disorders and illnesses of the human body. This is a professional doctor who must obtain a medical degree and complete residency requirements. Radiologist salary is significantly higher than the other positions because of the M.D. designation. In addition, Radiologists are in extremely high demand due to the national shortage of these highly skilled professionals. The job titles in the field of radiology can be very confusing because many of them sound similar. Also, many of the job titles have recently undergone changes in the official medical community. A common misunderstanding is the distinction between a Radiologist and a Radiologic Technologist (R.T.).", "Listed below is information that is specific to Radiologist job salaries that you can expect to receive in that state area. Our state by state breakdown allows you to see which state is best to get a job as a Radiologist. The salary information provided below is off of real-world job listings for Radiologists and the pay offered for those jobs", "Best Paying Cities for Radiologic Technologists. The highest paid in the radiologic technologist profession work in the metropolitan areas of Vallejo, California, Oakland, California, and San Jose, California. The Hanford, California area also pays well, as does the city of San Francisco. With an average salary of $56,760 in 2013, radiologic technologists earned more than clinical laboratory technicians ($40,240) but slightly less than respiratory therapists ($57,880), and roughly $10K less than diagnostic medical sonographers ($67,170).", "Salary Outlook. Radiologic technologists earned a median salary of $55,200 in 2013. The highest-paid earned $78,440, while the lowest-paid earned $37,570. The metropolitan areas that compensate radiologic technologists the best are located in California and include Vallejo, Oakland, San Jose, San Francisco and Hanford, among others. With an average salary of $56,760 in 2013, radiologic technologists earned more than clinical laboratory technicians ($40,240) but slightly less than respiratory therapists ($57,880), and roughly $10K less than diagnostic medical sonographers ($67,170).", "Bureau of Labor Statistics information for Radiologists is all grouped into one category that references Physicians and Surgeons in one group. Radiology falls into this basic categorization and says that the 2010 Median Pay is either equal or greater than $166,400 a year which comes out to around $80.00 an hour. Our state by state breakdown allows you to see which state is best to get a job as a Radiologist.", "The places with the highest average salaries for technologists, according to a recent survey, were Massachusetts, $82,080; California, $70,590; Alaska, $67,980; the District of Columbia, $67,500; and Hawaii, $66,610. It should be pointed out that the cost of living is relatively high in some of these locations. What is a Radiologic Technologist. A radiologic technologist (also known as Radiology Technician and X-ray Technician) obtains x-ray images of patients’ organs and other body parts. Doctors interpret the images to determine the cause and extent of illnesses, diseases, disorders, and injuries.", "Also mentioned in the detailed information at the BLS is medical specialties which would include a trained Radiologist at salary levels of $356,885 a year. The total number of jobs for Physicians and Surgeons was reported in 2010 to be 691,000 total jobs on the market. Our state by state breakdown allows you to see which state is best to get a job as a Radiologist." ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/salaries-radiography-careers-9284.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_is_the_highest_paying_RADIOLOGY_tech_job", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/radiologic-technologist", "http://www.radiology-schools.com/radiologist-salary.html", "http://salarybystate.org/tag/high-paying-jobs-in-radiology", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/radiologic-technologist/salary", "http://money.usnews.com/careers/best-jobs/radiologic-technologist/salary", "http://salarybystate.org/tag/high-paying-jobs-in-radiology", "http://www.healthcaresalaryworld.com/what-is-radiologic-technologist-salary/", "http://salarybystate.org/tag/high-paying-jobs-in-radiology" ] }

[]

[ "Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can infect both men and women." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the cause of the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea. It natural environment is in the human body and it only known for its pathogenic characteristic. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is not used for any known biotechnology.", "Also called the clap or drip, gonorrhea is a contagious disease transmitted most often through sexual contact with an infected person. Gonorrhea may also be spread by contact with infected bodily fluids, so that a mother could pass on the infection to her newborn during childbirth.", "In men, gonorrhea can cause epididymitis, a painful condition of the testicles that can sometimes lead to infertility if left untreated. Without prompt treatment, gonorrhea can also affect the prostate and can lead to scarring inside the urethra, making urination difficult.", "Gonorrhea is a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The mucous membranes of the genital region may become inflamed without the development of any other symptoms. When symptoms occur, they are different in men and women.", "Gonorrhea is a bacterium that grows in warm moist areas of the body, such as the vagina, and reproductive tract of a female (cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes). In men and women it can grow in the urethra, anus, throat, and mouth. During childbirth an infected mother can pass it to her new born. [6].", "Definition. Gonorrhea is a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The mucous membranes of the genital region may become inflamed without the development of any other symptoms. When symptoms occur, they are different in men and women.", "Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can infect both men and women. It can cause infections in the genitals, rectum, and throat. It is a very common infection, especially among young people ages 15-24 years." ], "url": [ "http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae", "http://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/guide/gonorrhea", "http://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/guide/gonorrhea?page=2", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gonorrhea", "http://www.austincc.edu/microbio/2993q/ng.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/gonorrhea", "http://www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm" ] }

[]

[ "An organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The muscular system is comprised of the sum total of muscles throughout the body that move the skeleton, maintain posture through steady contraction, and generate heat through cell metabolism. Humans have three types of muscle. Read More. Without muscle, humans could not live. The primary job of muscle is to move the bones of the skeleton, but muscles also enable the heart to beat and constitute the walls of other important hollow organs. There are three types of muscle tissue: 1 Skeletal muscle: This type of muscle creates movement in the body.", "The bodily system that is composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue and functions in movement of the body or of materials through the body, maintenance of posture, and heat production. ", "It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. The muscular system in vertebrates is controlled through the nervous system, although some muscles (such as the cardiac muscle) can be completely autonomous. Muscles provide strength, balance, posture, movement and heat for the body to keep warm. Upon stimulation by an action potential, skeletal muscles perform a coordinated contraction by shortening each sarcomere. The best proposed model for understanding contraction is the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.", "Muscular system. Definition. noun. An organ system comprised of skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles that are responsible for providing strength, keeping up balance, maintaining posture, allowing movement and producing heat. Supplement. The animal body is comprised of various organ systems and the muscular system is one of th", "Three types of muscles. The muscular system can be broken down into three types of muscles: skeletal, smooth and cardiac, according to the NIH. Skeletal muscles are the only voluntary muscle tissue in the human body and control every action that a person consciously performs. ", "Muscular system. The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. ", "The muscular system is responsible for the movement of the human body. Attached to the bones of the skeletal system are about 700 named muscles that make up roughly half of a person’s body weight. Each of these muscles is a discrete organ constructed of skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels, tendons, and nerves.", "The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. Muscles provide strength, balance, posture, movement and heat for the body to keep warm. Upon stimulation by an action potential, skeletal muscles perform a coordinated contraction by shortening each sarcomere. The best proposed model for understanding contraction is the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.", "The muscular system includes all the muscle tissues such as the skeletal muscle tissues, smooth muscle tissues, and cardiac muscle tissues. The skeletal muscles are muscles attached to the bones and are responsible for the voluntary movements of the body. Definition. noun. An organ system comprised of skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles that are responsible for providing strength, keeping up balance, maintaining posture, allowing movement and producing heat. Supplement.", "The bodily system that is composed of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue and functions in movement of the body or of materials through the body, maintenance of posture, and heat production. 1 Link/Cite. " ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/muscular-system", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/muscular+system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscular_system", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Muscular_system", "http://www.livescience.com/26854-muscular-system-facts-functions-diseases.html", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/MUSCULAR%20SYSTEM", "http://www.innerbody.com/image/musfov.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscular_system", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Muscular_system", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/muscular-system" ] }

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[ "In physical geography, tundra is type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Tundra. Introduction: The word tundra derives from the Finnish word for barren or treeless land. The tundra is the simplest biome in terms of species composition and food chains. Vegetation: lichens, mosses, sedges, perennial forbs, and dwarfed shrubs, (often heaths, but also birches and willows). Growthforms: typical are ground-hugging and other warmth-preserving forms including: 1 tussock-forming graminoids.", "In physical geography, tundra is type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term tundra comes through Russian тундра from the Kildin Sami word tūndar tūndâr, uplands treeless mountain. tract There are three types of tundra: arctic tundra, alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens.", "WEATHER: The tundra is the coldest and the driest of all the biomes on Earth. There is very little rainfall in the tundra; it rains less than ten inches a year. Winters here are long, and summers short, sometimes they last for only 6 - 10 weeks. In the winter the temperature can reach -50°F (-45.5°C). LOCATION: The tundra biome is the coldest of all biomes. It is also quite big. The tundra covers about one fifth of the land on earth. The word tundra comes from a Finnish word that means treeless plain, which is a good description of the biome.", "The tundra biome. Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturi, meaning treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-molded landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons. Dead organic material functions as a nutrient pool. Arctic tundra. Arctic tundra is located in the northern hemisphere, encircling the north pole and extending south to the coniferous forests of the taiga. The arctic is known for its cold, desert-like conditions. The growing season ranges from 50 to 60 days.", "Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturia, meaning treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-molded landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons. Dead organic material functions as a nutrient pool. ", "What Makes the Tundra Biome Unique. The Tundra biome is the coldest of all five world biomes. A Tundra is a treeless area near the Arctic where the ground is always frozen and there's very little plant life. Tundras are found just below the ice caps of the Arctic, across North America, in Europe, Siberia and Asia. Most of Alaska and almost half of Canada are located in the Tundra biome. Tundras cover about one-fifth of Earth's land surface. There are two different types of Tundras: Arctic and Alpine.", "Geography. The Tundra is the youngest biome and a treeless land. The soil is permanently frozen and called permafrost. The Tundra is located in Alaska and the Alpine Tundra are alike, but the Alpine Tundra is on mountain tops. For the cold weather, you may want a big coat and thick clothes in general. Also, in the Alpine Tundra, you can climb mountains" ], "url": [ "https://php.radford.edu/~swoodwar/biomes/?page_id=89", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tundra", "http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/biomes/tundra.html", "http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/tundra.php", "http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss5/biome/tundra.html", "http://www.kidzworld.com/article/2044-biomes-of-the-world-tundra", "http://tundrabiomee.weebly.com/geography.html" ] }

[]

[ "9 years old", "9 years old" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Interesting article Rafa. I'm a mad Liverpudlian with an 8 year old son who has been coaching a group of kids since they were 5. I have seen a marked difference in what they are able to achieve and, more importantly, retain between the ages of 7 and 8. This seems to match the research findings.", "7. Get trained and be a coach. Your child will understand that he can play with you more often, or play by him/herself when you are not around. It is inexpensive and takes only 3-4 hours to get trained to coach in a youth soccer league.", "Clubs can sign up to 30. players in each age group, but most sign 12-16 players per group. Players are signed for. one year at a time until U-12, making it a one year commitment from both sides. At the. end of each year, the club decides which players to retain and who to release. At that point, the best players are. signed into the U-18 Academy team and can progress from there into the reserve team. and finally to the senior women’s first team. Since women’s soccer in England is not professional, many of the top English players.", "He concluded that the time employed in mastering a particular skill or technique can be lost if it is carried out at an inappropriate age. (He formed 4 groups of children: two 3 to 4 years olds groups and two 5 to 6 year olds groups). I'm a mad Liverpudlian with an 8 year old son who has been coaching a group of kids since they were 5. I have seen a marked difference in what they are able to achieve and, more importantly, retain between the ages of 7 and 8. This seems to match the research findings.", "WELCOME TO THE ACADEMY. The Football Academy is a premier provider of football coaching to children in the Cheshire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire and South Manchester areas. From School Fun Clubs to our Development Centers, children of all ages and abilities are welcome to learn, be inspired and have fun with The Football Academy.", "In rec soccer much depends on the coach you have, but you can augment what your child gets through skills nights (most rec leagues have them once a week for a nominal fee) and private lessons. Your child will be in academy soccer for several years before select is an option. That starts at age 10. ", "After six years at a London football academy he was told he was no longer wanted. For those years his parents had driven three times a week from their home in south London to the training ground (plus matches on Sundays) in pursuit of Danny’s dream to play left wing for a London Premier League side in 2013. 'In the old centres of excellence the school, the city, the county, the district all had first call on the boys in terms of games played and practice times. Some boys played upwards of 100 games a season. In academies it is the club that has first call.’. At academies, boys are signed from age eight to 16.", "Football clubs that run academies use one of two different names. They are either called a Football Academy, or a Football centre of Excellence, but essentially they are the same thing. A place where the club can develop young talent. A place where students learn their craft, in this case football. Every football club in the premier league and Championship has a football academy, and many more lower league clubs also have them, but not all.", "The minimum age for any child to join a football academy is 9 years old. This is a legal regulation, which all football clubs must adhere to. To get around this richer clubs, create a set of development programmes which cater for younger groups of children. A place where students learn their craft, in this case football. Every football club in the premier league and Championship has a football academy, and many more lower league clubs also have them, but not all.", "Since then thousands of children have entered into The Football Academy at every level. From School Fun Clubs to our Development Centers, children of all ages and abilities are welcome to learn, be inspired and have fun with The Football Academy." ], "url": [ "http://www.rafabenitez.com/web/in/blog/what-the-age-start-playing-football/1/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Turn-Your-Child-Into-a-Soccer-Star", "http://www.socceru.com/us_youth_soccer_training_vs_england_academy.htm", "http://www.rafabenitez.com/web/in/blog/what-the-age-start-playing-football/1/", "http://www.tfa-thefootballacademy.co.uk/", "http://www.mamapedia.com/article/advice-on-getting-my-son-into-select-soccer", "http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/4938593/Football-academies-kicking-and-screaming.html", "http://playerscout.co.uk/football-academies/about-football-academies/", "http://playerscout.co.uk/football-academies/about-football-academies/", "http://www.tfa-thefootballacademy.co.uk/" ] }

[]

[ "$23,660 per year" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The proposed rule has three major changes to the existing overtime rules: 1 It more than doubles the threshold for the salary-basis test to $970 per week ($50,440 annually); 2 It increases the “highly compensated” employee’s annual salary level from $100,000 to $122,148; and.", "Deduct Social Security tax from your employees’ taxable wages at 6.2 percent, up to the annual threshold of $113,700, as of 2013. Once an employee satisfies the yearly wage limit, she is exempt from Social Security tax until the start of the next year.", "It has been increased only once since 1975. The salary threshold for the exemption to the overtime protections of the Fair Labor Standards Act has eroded to such a level—$455 per week, or $23,660 for someone who works year-round—that it is currently less than the poverty threshold for a family of four.", "1 It more than doubles the threshold for the salary-basis test to $970 per week ($50,440 annually); 2 It increases the “highly compensated” employee’s annual salary level from $100,000 to $122,148; and.", "That threshold is roughly equivalent to $11.38 per hour for a forty-hour week – not much more than the $10.10 minimum wage that the administration seeks, and which it claims is the equivalent of $561 in today’s dollars.", "The announcement makes it clear that the goal is to significantly narrow the number of individuals who qualify as exempt. A major target of the proposed revisions is the current $455-per-week salary threshold for executive, administrative and professional employees.", "Some states have a higher minimum weekly wage for salaried employees; Connecticut is one such state where the minimum for salaried workers is $475, instead of the federal threshold of $455. Related Reading: How to Dock Pay From Exempt Employees' Salaries.", "Specifically, the U.S. Department of Labor proposed this week that the salary threshold needed to maintain such exempt classifications should increase from $23,660 to $50,440 per year (or $970 per workweek). This amounts to more than a doubling of the current salary requirement.", "On March 13, 2014, President Barack Obama signed a Presidential Memorandum criticizing the level of the salary-basis threshold of $455 per week for exempt employees and directing the Secretary of Labor to update the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) regulations." ], "url": [ "http://www.peoriamagazines.com/ibi/2015/oct/exempt-employees-and-salary-threshold", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/threshold-being-exempt-payroll-61208.html", "http://www.epi.org/publication/increasing-overtime-salary-threshold-family/", "http://www.peoriamagazines.com/ibi/2015/oct/exempt-employees-and-salary-threshold", "http://www.wagehourblog.com/2014/03/articles/white-collar-exemptions-general/president-seeks-increase-to-salary-threshold-for-exempt-status/", "http://www.wagehourblog.com/2014/03/articles/white-collar-exemptions-general/president-seeks-increase-to-salary-threshold-for-exempt-status/", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/salaried-exempt-vs-salaried-nonexempt-24213.html", "http://www.natlawreview.com/article/salary-threshold-exempt-employees-poised-to-double", "http://www.peoriamagazines.com/ibi/2015/oct/exempt-employees-and-salary-threshold" ] }

[]

[ "Cattle found in cave drawings estimated to be 20,000 years old in the Lascaux Cave near Montignac, France." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Follow @thecattlesite. The history of Limousin cattle may be as old as the European continent itself. Cattle found in cave drawings estimated to be 20,000 years old in the Lascaux Caves near Montignac, France have a striking resemblance to today's Limousin. Limousin originated in the West of the Massif Central between Central and South West France, a rather rainy region with harsh climatic conditions and poor granite soil. Consequently, the growing of field crops was very difficult at best and emphasis was placed on animal agriculture.", "THE HISTORY OF LIMOUSIN. The history of Limousin cattle might be as old as the European continent itself. Cattle depicted in cave drawings estimated to be 20,000 years old in the Lascaux Cave near Montignac, France, have a striking resemblance to today’s Limousin animals. The first Limousin semen was available from Prince Pompadour in July 1969. E.J. Geeson of Agate, Colorado, picked up the semen after J.J. “Bud” Prosser evaluated it at the International Beef Breeders facility near Denver, Colorado.", "Limousin cattle are a breed of highly muscled beef cattle originating from the Limousin and Marche regions of France. The breed is known as Limousine in France. Limousins were first exported from France in significant numbers in the 1960s and are now present in about 70 countries. The first written evidence of the existence of Limousin cattle dates from the late 18th century. At the time, Limousins were well known for their qualities as draft animals. A market had developed for Limousin beef in large French cities, notably under the impetus of Turgot, then intendant of the Limousin region.", "Breeds of Livestock-Limousin Cattle. The History of Limousin The history of Limousin cattle may very well be as old as the European continent itself. Cattle found in cave drawings estimated to be 20,000 years old in the Lascaux Cave near Montignac, France, have a striking resemblance to today's Limousin. These golden-red cattle are native to the south central part of France in the regions of Limousin and Marche. All but one of the memberships was sold and the combination of excellent cattle, leadership and financial stability gave the Limousin breed a tremendous start in North America. From the initial concentrations in Oklahoma, Texas, South Dakota and western Canada, the Limousin breed has expanded across", "(Sponsor Your Breeds Page). Limousin is a very old breed; it may have originated anywhere from 16000 to 13000 years ago as dated by cave drawings in the French Lascaux Cave. It was developed in the central Marche and Limousin regions of southern France. ", "To the World Limousin cattle are now in about 70 countries around the world from the northern most herds of Finland to countries such as Cuba, South Africa and China. Back to Top. The history of Limousin cattle may very well be as old as the European continent itself. Cattle found in cave drawings estimated to be 16,000 years old in the Lascaux Cave near Montignac, France, have a striking resemblance to today's Limousin. Significant imports of Limousin cattle from France, USA and Canada have occurred in the 1990s. To North America The opening of the Grosse Isle quarantine station by the Canadian government enabled the first Limousin bull Prince Pompadour to arrive in Canada in 1968.", "The Limousin is a very old breed; it may have originated anywhere from 16000 to 13000 years ago as dated by cave drawings in the French Lascaux Cave. It was developed in the central Marche and Limousin regions of southern France. ", "The History of Limousin. The history of Limousin cattle may very well be as old as the European continent itself. Cattle found in cave drawings estimated to be 20,000 years old in the Lascaux Cave near Montignac, France, have a striking resemblance to today's Limousin. These golden-red cattle are native to the south central part of France in the regions of Limousin and Marche. All but one of the memberships was sold and the combination of excellent cattle, leadership and financial stability gave the Limousin breed a tremendous start in North America. From the initial concentrations in Oklahoma, Texas, South Dakota and western Canada, the Limousin breed has expanded across", "Geographical-historical info. The Limousin originated in the west of the mountainous Massif Central region in central France. (...) During the mid-1800s Charles de L obardy from Les monts d'Amabazac, achieved remarkable improvements in these cattle. He can be regarded as the founder of the breed which in 1854 became officially recognized. " ], "url": [ "http://www.thecattlesite.com/breeds/beef/39/limousin/overview/", "http://www.nalf.org/history.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limousin_(cattle)", "http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/cattle/limousin/", "http://cattle-today.com/Limousin.php", "http://www.limousin-international.com/history.htm", "http://www.cattle.com/articles/title/limousin+cattle.aspx", "http://www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/cattle/limousin/", "http://www.cattlenetwork.net/breeds/limousin.htm" ] }

[]

[ "Umbrella is a federated identity system for the users of the (European) large neutron and photon facilities.Identity system: Umbrella allows providing these users with a unique, persistent identity." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 umbrella-Etymologically, it is a little shadow.. 2 parapluie-A French word for umbrella, derived from Latin pluvia, rain.. 3 bumbershoot-Another word for umbrella, formed by combining an alteration of the word umbrella and an alteration of the word parachute. umbrella. 1 umbrella-Etymologically, it is a little shadow.. 2 parapluie-A French word for umbrella, derived from Latin pluvia, rain.. 3 bumbershoot-Another word for umbrella, formed by combining an alteration of the word umbrella and an alteration of the word parachute.", "1 bumbershoot-Another word for umbrella, formed by combining an alteration of the word umbrella and an alteration of the word parachute. 2 nuclear umbrella-A protective status in which a nuclear state promises to use its arsenal to defend an ally without nuclear capabilities. umbrella. 1 umbrella-Etymologically, it is a little shadow.. 2 parapluie-A French word for umbrella, derived from Latin pluvia, rain.. 3 bumbershoot-Another word for umbrella, formed by combining an alteration of the word umbrella and an alteration of the word parachute.", "umbrella. n. 1. a portable device used for protection against rain, snow, etc, and consisting of a light canopy supported on a collapsible metal frame mounted on a central rod. 2. (Zoology) the flattened cone-shaped contractile body of a jellyfish or other medusa. umbrella. 1 umbrella-Etymologically, it is a little shadow.. 2 parapluie-A French word for umbrella, derived from Latin pluvia, rain.. 3 bumbershoot-Another word for umbrella, formed by combining an alteration of the word umbrella and an alteration of the word parachute.", "Understanding “Umbrellas of Protection”. embracing the Biblical principle of authority. An umbrella is designed to provide protection from various elements of nature: rain, hail, snow, wind, or sunshine. As long as a person is under an umbrella, he finds shelter from harsh weather conditions. Consequences of Rebellion. The concept of an umbrella of protection is illustrated in what the prophet Samuel said to Israel’s King Saul when Saul disobeyed God’s instructions: “Rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft” (I Samuel 15:23).", "What is Umbrella (for users). Umbrella is a federated identity system for the users of the (European) large neutron and photon facilities. Identity system: Umbrella allows providing these users with a unique, persistent identity. ", "Finding the Perfect Patio Umbrella: You know what your budget is, so we've grouped our patio umbrellas into easy-to-shop categories of Good, Better, and Best.. All of our patio umbrellas are high-quality, attractive, and durable, and with much more variety than what you'll find anywhere else. ", "Member Reviews. https://www.usaa.com/inet/pages/insurance_home_umbrella. Member Ratings and Reviews is designed to allow members and customers to rate their experience with certain products and services offered by USAA and its affiliated companies. Umbrella Insurance. Use of the term member or membership does not convey any eligibility rights for auto and property insurance products, or legal or ownership rights in USAA. Membership eligibility and product restrictions apply and are subject to change.", "Category: Our Blog. Umbrella and Excess Liability policies are designed to provide coverage above the limits of underlying coverage. The two policies are often mentioned interchangeably by insurance professionals, however, there is a difference between the policy forms. " ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/umbrella", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/umbrella", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/umbrella", "http://iblp.org/questions/what-umbrella-protection", "https://umbrellaid.org/euu/umbrellaforusers", "http://www.hayneedle.com/outdoor/patio-umbrellas_179507", "https://www.usaa.com/inet/pages/insurance_home_umbrella", "http://www.jmoreyins.com/2013/05/23/umbrella_vs_excess_liability_insurance_policies/" ] }

[]

[ "July 7, 1898" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Answer. Hawaii—a U.S. territory since 1898—became the 50th state in August, 1959, following a referendum in Hawaii in which more than 93% of the voters approved the proposition that the territory should be admitted as a state. There were many Hawaiian petitions for statehood during the first half of the 20th century. In retrospect, perhaps, the genuinely interesting question about Hawaii’s becoming a state is why it took so long—60 years from the time that it became a U.S. possession. There were many Hawaiian petitions for statehood during the first half of the 20th century. These were denied or ignored.", "7.3k Views • Upvoted by Andrew Hamada, born and raised on Oahu. Until January 17, 1893, when Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown, Hawaii was an independent kingdom. After a short period as a republic, Hawaii was annexed by the United States on July 4, 1898 and became a territory. There were several attempts at attaining statehood over the next 60 years, but it wasn't until March 1959 that Congress passed the Hawaii Admission Act and President Eisenhower signed it. Following a referendum in June, Hawaii became the 50th state of the Union on August 21, 1959. Written 29 Dec, 2010 • View Upvotes.", "Then, following its annexation in 1898, Hawaii became a U.S. territory in 1900. In 1900 the islands were made a territory, with Dole as governor. In this period, Hawaii's pineapple industry expanded as pineapples were first grown for canning purposes. After having sought statehood for many decades, Hawaii was finally admitted to the union on Aug. 21, 1959; although it was thought at first to be solidly Republican, the state has long been a Democratic stronghold. Movements for a return of some sort of native sovereignty have been periodically active.", "1 After 1900 Hawaii was a territory of the U.S., until the statehood vote in 1959, but today many challenge the legitimacy of this vote and statehood itself. Hawaii became part of America on August 21, 1959, the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) Hawaii was annexed as a US Territory by Act of Congress in 1898. 29 people found this useful.", "Hawaii Becomes a State August 21, 1959. Hawaii officially became the fiftieth state on August 21, 1959. It is one of the smallest states, and it is the only state made up entirely of islands. The islands are the tops of volcanoes, some of them still active.Hawaii's story begins long before", "On August 12, 1898, the government of the Republic transferred sovereignty to the United States. Hawaii became a territory of the United States in 1900. Toward the end of the 19th cent., agitation for constitutional reform in Hawaii led to the overthrow (1893) of Queen Liliuokalani, who had ruled since 1891. After having sought statehood for many decades, Hawaii was finally admitted to the union on Aug. 21, 1959; although it was thought at first to be solidly Republican, the state has long been a Democratic stronghold. Movements for a return of some sort of native sovereignty have been periodically active.", "In March 1959, the U.S. government approved statehood for Hawaii, and in June the Hawaiian people voted by a wide majority to accept admittance into the United States. Two months later, Hawaii officially became the 50th state. This Day In History: 08/21/1959 - Hawaii Becomes 50th State. On this day in 1959, the modern United States receives its crowning star when President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a proclamation admitting Hawaii into the Union as the 50th state.", "The Territory of Hawaii or Hawaii Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 7, 1898, until August 21, 1959, when its territory was admitted to the Union as the fiftieth U.S. state, the State of Hawaii. The U.S. Congress passed the Newlands Resolution which annexed the Republic of Hawaii to the United States. Hawaii's territorial history includes a period from 1941 to 1944—during World War II —when the islands were placed under martial law. Civilian government was dissolved and a military governor was appointed." ], "url": [ "http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/25769", "https://www.quora.com/When-and-how-did-Hawaii-become-a-state", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090106201119AAgJ0i9", "http://www.answers.com/Q/When_and_how_did_Hawaii_become_a_US_territory", "http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/modern/jb_modern_hawaii_1.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090106201119AAgJ0i9", "http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/hawaii-becomes-50th-state", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territory_of_Hawaii" ] }

[]

[ "Yamanouchi Pharmaceuticals" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "An AB rating means that the FDA has determined that a generic medication is equivalent to a brand-name medication. Generic tamsulosin capsules have an AB rating, meaning they should be equivalent to Flomax. The generic version has been given an AB rating by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which means it is considered equivalent to brand-name Flomax.", "An AB rating means that the FDA has determined that a generic medication is equivalent to a brand-name medication. Generic tamsulosin capsules have an AB rating, meaning they should be equivalent to Flomax. Generic tamsulosin is also available. Like brand-name Flomax, the generic version comes in one strength -- tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules.", "Options to Buy Flomax & Generic Tamsulosin. The generic alternative is not manufactured by the company that makes the brand product. The content on this page has been supplied to CanadaPharmacOnline by an independent third party contracted to provide information for our website.", "Buy Generic Flomax. Flomax is an alpha blocker. It is utilized in the treatment of BPH, better known as an enlarged prostate. Sometimes, muscles in the prostate and bladder tighten too much and it makes it difficult to urinate. Flomax relaxes these muscles, making it easier to urinate. The generic form of Flomax is Tamsulosin, and it was not until after October 2009, when the patent protecting Flomax expired, that generic versions of the drug could be made available for purchase. Cost is often a concern for individuals who are on long-term medication.", "Aurobindo has tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules on intermittent back order and the company is releasing product as it becomes available. Boehringer-Ingelheim has Flomax 0.4 mg capsules in 100 count on back order and the company estimates a release date of early-November 2015. Teva discontinued tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules in April 2014. Par discontinued tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules. Sandoz has tamsulosin on shortage due to increased demand for the product. 1 Boehringer Ingelheim could not provide a reason for the shortage.", "Generic for Flomax: An Overview. Brand-name Flomax is manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Generic Flomax is also available. Like brand-name Flomax, the generic version comes in one strength -- tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules. The generic version has been given an AB rating by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which means it is considered equivalent to brand-name Flomax.", "Tamsulosin was developed by Yamanouchi Pharmaceuticals (now part of Astellas Pharma) and was first marketed in 1996 under the trade name Flomax, and also under the name Omnic. Tamsulosin is used in the treatment of difficult urination, a common symptom of enlarged prostate. ", "Generic for Tamsulosin: An Overview. Brand-name tamsulosin (sold under the name Flomax) is manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Generic tamsulosin is also available. Like brand-name Flomax, the generic version comes in one strength -- tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules.", "Tamsulosin (Flomax) was originally marketed by Astellas Pharma but was made by Yamanouchi Pharmaceuticals. Astellas Pharma acquired Yamanouchi Pharmaceuticals and thus now owns the rights to Flomax. However since the Flomax patent expired in 2009, the generic Tamsulosin is made by multiple generic companies worldwide." ], "url": [ "http://prostate.emedtv.com/flomax/generic-flomax.html", "http://men.emedtv.com/tamsulosin/generic-tamsulosin.html", "http://www.canadapharmacyonline.com/DrugInfo.aspx?name=Flomax0475", "http://www.canadadrugcenter.com/buy-generic-flomax.xhtml", "http://www.ashp.org/menu/DrugShortages/CurrentShortages/Bulletin.aspx?Id=1112", "http://prostate.emedtv.com/flomax/generic-flomax.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamsulosin", "http://men.emedtv.com/tamsulosin/generic-tamsulosin.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_drug_company_makes_flomax" ] }

[]

[ "36 weeks" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "It's usual for twins and multiples to be delivered before 38 weeks. Fewer than half of all twin pregnancies go beyond 37 weeks, and hardly any triplet pregnancies go beyond this stage. About 75% of triplets are born before 35 weeks. Be prepared for your babies to spend some time in special care.", "No. 6: You don't feel the babies kicking any earlier with twin pregnancies. Generally when you are pregnant with twins, fetal movements become more noticeable at weeks 18 through 20 of pregnancy, and the same is true in singleton pregnancies, Al-Khan says. When a woman begins to feel fetal movements actually depends on whether she has been pregnant before.", "The average twin is delivered after 36 weeks of gestation. Contrast that with the average for non-twins: 40 weeks. In other words, twins tend to be delivered a full month earlier than non-twins. Our twin girls were delivered at 36 weeks but remember that your twin delivery will likely be different.", "According to the March of Dimes, close to 60 percent of all twins and more than 90 percent of triplets are born prematurely (before 37 weeks). The average twin pregnancy lasts 35 weeks. Triplet pregnancies average 33 weeks, and quad pregnancies average 29 weeks.", "A twin pregnancy is different in the sense that it can carry greater risks as compared to singleton pregnancies. However, you can learn how to be safe during your pregnancy, especially when you're 35 weeks pregnant with twins.Keep reading to learn more about your symptoms and baby growth in 35 th week of pregnancy.", "The reasons vary (twin pregnancies are high risk pregnancies and are susceptible to more complications than singletons, often leading to early or premature births). The average gestation period for twins is 36 weeks, but it is not uncommon for twins to be born as early as 28 weeks, or as late as 40 weeks." ], "url": [ "http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pregnancy-and-baby/pages/giving-birth-to-twins.aspx", "http://www.webmd.com/baby/features/11-things-you-didnt-know-about-twin-pregnancies?page=2", "http://www.dadsguidetotwins.com/how-early-can-twins-be-born/", "http://www.babycenter.com/0_pregnant-with-multiples-potential-complications_3584.bc", "http://www.newhealthadvisor.com/35-Weeks-Pregnant-with-Twins.html", "http://www.multipletreasures.com/identical-twins-faq.php" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Many scientists and doctors have linked RA to the mindbody process, which helps to clarify the possible true nature of many autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and other closely related conditions, like ankylosing spondylitis, lupus and gout.", "Since this seemingly pathological process seems illogical to be caused by any other reason, except by a psychosomatic causation, the theory of psychogenic RA has come to gather widespread recognition among experts in the field.", "The results of an empirical study on psychosomatic aspects of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) are presented and discussed in the setting of previous concepts about rheumatoid arthritis.", "Psychosomatic Rheumatoid Arthritis Theory. Being that RA is an autoimmune disease, it is clear that the condition is enacted from within. There may be no infectious process, environmental contaminant or structural causation involved in enacting rheumatoid arthritis.", "Psychosomatic rheumatoid arthritis is one theory used to explain why this inflammatory joint disease chooses to affect some people, but not others.", "Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes premature mortality, disability and compromised quality of life in the industrialized and developing world (1). Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disease which manifests itself in multiple joints of the body.", "1 A 1992 study found that indirect and non-medical expenditures for a person with RA were $2269 per year ($2785 in U.S. 2000 dollars) compared to $824 ($1011 in U.S. 2000 dollars) for a person with osteoarthritis, and $816 ($1002 in U.S. 2000 dollars) per persons without arthritis (47).", "Psychosomatic Rheumatoid Arthritis Problems. It is impossible to cure any psychogenic disorder by using purely physical modalities. Being that the underlying symptomatic imperative is psychoemotional in nature; the treatment must also act on the mind, rather than the body.", "[Article in German]. Rueger Rüger, U Schuessler. Schüssler g the results of an empirical study on psychosomatic aspects of (RHEUMATOID) arthritis ra and (FIBROMYALGIA) syndrome fms are presented and discussed in the setting of previous concepts about. rheumatoid arthritis" ], "url": [ "http://www.cure-back-pain.org/psychosomatic-rheumatoid-arthritis.html", "http://www.cure-back-pain.org/psychosomatic-rheumatoid-arthritis.html", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7941789", "http://www.cure-back-pain.org/psychosomatic-rheumatoid-arthritis.html", "http://www.cure-back-pain.org/psychosomatic-rheumatoid-arthritis.html", "http://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/rheumatoid.htm", "http://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/rheumatoid.htm", "http://www.cure-back-pain.org/psychosomatic-rheumatoid-arthritis.html", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7941789" ] }

[]

[ "Ideal for residential and light commercial construction and to help lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficiency.", "It is used in home attic to lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficieny." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Roseburg’s Radiant Barrier sheathing is an engineered structural panel that combines the strength of plywood sheathing with the energy savings of a reflective foil surface to minimize the radiant solar heat indoors. In fact, tests reveal that radiant barrier panels block up to 97% of the sun’s radiant energy, making the attic up to 30% cooler and reducing indoor HVAC cooling costs by up to 17%. Roseburg Radiant Barrier sheathing is typically used on roof and exterior wall sheathing. Roseburg Radiant Barrier sheathing is a rated plywood panel with a layer of highly reflective perforated aluminum foil laminate designed to block the majority of the sun’s radiant energy", "Thermostat ® radiant barrier plywood sheathing reflects up to 97% of the sun's radiant heat from a home’s attic and can help lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficiency. Ideal for residential and light commercial construction. 1 Thermostat® Radiant Barrier Sheathing (Plywood) Thermostat® radiant barrier plywood sheathing reflects up to 97% of the sun's radiant heat from a home’s attic and can help lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficiency. 1 Aluminum foil creates a radiant barrier that reduces up to 97% of radiant heat from entering the attic", "Radiant-barrier sheathing, made up of either plywood or oriented strand board (OSB) with a thin layer of aluminum facing on one side, is installed to the roof rafters with the aluminum layer facing down. 1 The aluminum is not used for its reflective properties but for its low emitting properties. As radiant-barrier sheathing is only one component of the roof and attic space, you might consider also: 1 upgrading the insulation to a higher R-Value, 2 insulating the ductwork, 3 installing a cool roof,", "Radiant barrier (or reflective) insulation is heat/thermal insulation which reflects radiation heat (radiant heat), preventing transfer from one side to another due to a reflective (or low emittance) surface. Heat/thermal insulation is a barrier material which resists/blocks/reflects heat energy (either one or more of conduction, convection or radiation) to prevent its transfer through the boundary between two systems which are at different temperatures.", "1 Thermostat® Radiant Barrier Sheathing (Plywood) Thermostat® radiant barrier plywood sheathing reflects up to 97% of the sun's radiant heat from a home’s attic and can help lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficiency. 1 Aluminum foil creates a radiant barrier that reduces up to 97% of radiant heat from entering the attic. Ideal for residential and light commercial construction. 1 Thermostat® Radiant Barrier Sheathing (Plywood) Thermostat® radiant barrier plywood sheathing reflects up to 97% of the sun's radiant heat from a home’s attic and can help lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficiency.", "The most common type of radiant barrier used in new-home construction is radiant-barrier roof sheathing — that is, plywood or OSB with a radiant barrier on one side of the panel. These panels are installed over unconditioned attics, with the shiny side facing down. A radiant barrier is a thin sheet of reflective material, often aluminum, applied to a substrate such as kraft paper, plastic film, cardboard, or plywood. By definition, a radiant barrier has a low emissivity Amount of heat radiation emitted from a particular body or material.", "Details. Thermostat® radiant barrier plywood sheathing reflects up to 97% of the sun's radiant heat from a home’s attic and can help lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficiency. 1 Aluminum foil creates a radiant barrier that reduces up to 97% of radiant heat from entering the attic. Ideal for residential and light commercial construction. 1 Thermostat® Radiant Barrier Sheathing (Plywood) Thermostat® radiant barrier plywood sheathing reflects up to 97% of the sun's radiant heat from a home’s attic and can help lower attic temperatures and improve energy efficiency.", "Thermostat radiant barrier sheathing is an oriented strand board (OSB) or plywood structural panel laminated with a reflective, perforated aluminum foil. The panels reflect up to 97% of the sun's radiant heat, preventing it from being absorbed into the attic of your home. Yes, Thermostat radiant barrier sheathing can be used in both types of construction as long as you maintain a minimum 3/4 airspace for the foil surface. In both cases, the foil face should be installed facing down." ], "url": [ "http://www.roseburg.com/Product/roseburg-radiant-barrier-plywood/", "http://www.buildgp.com/thermostat-radiant-barrier-plywood", "http://www.greenhomeguide.com/askapro/question/is-radiant-barrier-sheathing-worth-using", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiant_barrier", "http://www.buildgp.com/thermostat-radiant-barrier-plywood", "http://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/blogs/dept/musings/radiant-barriers-solution-search-problem", "http://www.buildgp.com/thermostat-radiant-barrier-plywood", "http://www.buildgp.com/thermostat-radiant-barrier-faq" ] }

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[ "September 1986" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "GATT was signed by 23 nations in Geneva on October 30, 1947 and took effect on January 1, 1948. It lasted until the signature by 123 nations in Marrakesh on April 14, 1994 of the Uruguay Round Agreements, which established the World Trade Organization (WTO) on January 1, 1995. The original GATT text (GATT 1947) is still in effect under the WTO framework, subject to the modifications of GATT 1994.", "The round was launched in Punta del Este, Uruguay in September 1986, followed by negotiations in Geneva, Brussels, Washington, D.C. , and Tokyo, with the 20 agreements finally being signed in Marrakesh —the Marrakesh Agreement —in April 1994. The Doha Development Round was the next trade round, beginning in 2001 and still unresolved after missing its official deadline of 2005.", "This led to the Uruguay Round, and ultimately to the WTO. GATT: provisional for almost half a century back to top. From 1948 to 1994, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) provided the rules for much of world trade and presided over periods that saw some of the highest growth rates in international commerce.", "This first round of negotiations resulted in a package of trade rules and 45,000 tariff concessions affecting $10 billion of trade, about one fifth of the world s total. The group had expanded to 23 by the time the deal was signed on 30 October 1947. GATT: provisional for almost half a century back to top. From 1948 to 1994, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) provided the rules for much of world trade and presided over periods that saw some of the highest growth rates in international commerce.", "The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade is an international treaty of the World Trade Organization. It was negotiated during the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, and entered into force with the establishment of the WTO at the end of 1994. The WTO officially commenced on 1 January 1995 under the Marrakesh Agreement, signed by 123 nations on 15 April 1994, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which commenced in 1948.", "The Uruguay Round concluded with a signed agreement in late 1993. Subsequent ratification by the United States, in December 1994, and by other member countries established new global trading rules and created the World Trade Organization (WTO) to replace GATT. The Uruguay Round Agreement. Under this agreement, by the year 2000, tariffs will be reduced on medical equipment, scientific instruments, pharmaceuticals, wood, paper, aluminum, chemicals, and construction equipment. Harmonization of rules of origin will be completed by 1998 and anti-dumping rules were strengthened", "The most recent trade agreement negotiated under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the Uruguay Round (GATT-UR), covered a wide range of trade issues, but reducing trade barriers for agricultural commodities was a central issue. This was the first time that agricultural trade had taken center stage. The Uruguay Round Agreement. Under this agreement, by the year 2000, tariffs will be reduced on medical equipment, scientific instruments, pharmaceuticals, wood, paper, aluminum, chemicals, and construction equipment. Harmonization of rules of origin will be completed by 1998 and anti-dumping rules were strengthened", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Redirected from Uruguay round). The Uruguay Round was the 8th round of multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) conducted within the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), spanning from 1986 to 1994 and embracing 123 countries as contracting parties. The Doha Development Round was the next trade round, beginning in 2001 and still unresolved after missing its official deadline of 2005.", "In 1990, the Uruguay Round collapsed in Brussels. In June 1991 the United States, Mexico and Canada launched the negotiations of a North American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta). Fourteen months later negotiations were concluded. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruguay_round", "http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/fact4_e.htm", "http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/fact4_e.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization", "http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/agecon/trade/seven.html", "http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/agecon/trade/seven.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruguay_round", "http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/04/24/did-nafta-save-the-uruguay-round/" ] }

[]

[ "3-4 days", "For 3-4 days." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "How long can I keep the thawed ham in the fridge? Answer: If you thawed the ham in the refrigerator, you’ve got a few days. Ham that’s been defrosted in the fridge can be safely kept for an additional 3 to 5 days in the refrigerator before cooking, says the U.S. Department of Agriculture. You also can safely refreeze the ham within that same timeframe.", "Meats are kept better in the freezer. Meats can be kept in the refrigerator for 3 to 4 days if raw and 1 to 2 days longer if cooked. Always place cooked meats in an airt … ight container. 11 people found this useful. Kodiakcathy. It depends if it is cured or sliced etc., but I'd say about a week, on average. US FDA Guidelines: Cooked Whole, 7 days. Slices 3-4 days. Unopened packages: 2 weeks or use by date.", "purseglove_MA_F_67Three days for a cooked ham in the refrigerator and you wonder if it is fit to eat and yet you are feeding said pork product to your dogs? Post # 3. I just used up the last of the ham and it had been in the fridge for a week. I'm usually leary about keeping leftovers for more than a couple of days, but I figured the ham is salted and cured so it should be okay for a few additional days. Color, smell, and texture will tell you alot.", "Sealed, pre-packed fresh pork cuts can be kept in the refrigerator 2 to 4 days; sealed ground pork will keep in the refrigerator for 1 to 2 days. If you do plan on keeping the raw, fresh pork longer than 2 to 3 days before cooking it, store it well-wrapped in the freezer. Leftovers should be placed in the refrigerator within 1 to 2 hours of serving. Store cooked leftovers in the coldest part of the refrigerator for 4-5 days. Well-wrapped leftovers can be kept in the freezer for up to three months.", "Cooked ham can be kept in the refrigerator for about 3 to 4 days and should be eaten within that time frame or it should be frozen. If it hasn't been eaten or frozen with … in the time frame, then it should be discarded. 2 people found this useful. Meats are kept better in the freezer. Meats can be kept in the refrigerator for 3 to 4 days if raw and 1 to 2 days longer if cooked. Always place cooked meats in an airt … ight container. .", "Refrigerate the Honey-Baked Ham and Turkey Breast as soon as you receive it. in the refrigerator the Honey-Baked Ham will stay fresh for 7 to 10 days. Another Answer: If you keep it well sealed and refrigerated at a pretty cold temperature you can keep it there up to two weeks. Meats are kept better in the freezer. Meats can be kept in the refrigerator for 3 to 4 days if raw and 1 to 2 days longer if cooked. Always place cooked meats in an airt … ight container. .", "Whole smoked ham and whole ham slices can be stored in the refrigerator for 3-4 days or the use by date on the label. Smoked sausages, hot dogs, bacon and other luncheon meats can be kept for up to seven days. Leftovers should be placed in the refrigerator within 1 to 2 hours of serving. Store cooked leftovers in the coldest part of the refrigerator for 4-5 days. Well-wrapped leftovers can be kept in the freezer for up to three months." ], "url": [ "http://stilltasty.com/questions/index/183/page:3", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_will_ham_stay_fresh_in_the_refrigerator", "http://community.tasteofhome.com/community_forums/f/29/p/764965/6511646.aspx", "http://www.porkbeinspired.com/pork-cooking-tips/buying-handling-storing/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_you_refrigerate_a_honey-baked_ham", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_you_refrigerate_a_honey-baked_ham", "http://www.porkbeinspired.com/pork-cooking-tips/buying-handling-storing/" ] }

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[ "Four valves" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "There are four valves of the heart: two are located between the atria and ventricles of the heart (called atrioventricular valves) and two are located in the major vessels leaving the valves (called semilunar valves). The left atrioventricular valve is also known as the bicuspid valve or the mitral valve.", "The heart has four valves-one for each chamber of the heart. The valves keep blood moving through the heart in the right direction. The mitral valve and tricuspid valve are located between the between the atria (upper heart chambers) and the ventricles (lower heart chambers).", "Heart valve disease occurs if one or more of your heart valves don't work well. The heart has four valves: the tricuspid (tri-CUSS-pid), pulmonary (PULL-mun-ary), mitral (MI-trul), and aortic (ay-OR-tik) valves. These valves have tissue flaps that open and close with each heartbeat.", "There are four valves that separate the chambers of the heart and control blood flow. For more information on the valves in your heart, watch this animation.", "Valves of the Heart. The schematic diagram below illustrates the four valves of the heart and how they are oriented within the heart. The heart valves in reality are not in this simplified orientation, but the diagram serves to show the valves and their relationship to each other.", "All of the valves, when functioning normally, act as one-way valves, allowing blood to flow either from one chamber to another, or allowing blood to flow out of the heart, in only one direction. The valves control the flow of blood through the heart by opening and closing during the contractions of the heart.", "Your heart valves lie at the exit of each of your four heart chambers and maintain one-way blood flow through your heart. The four heart valves make sure that blood always flows freely in a forward direction and that there is no backward leakage.", "These are the only valves in the heart. There are four valves in the heart (not counting the valve of the coronary, the isotonic valve and the valve of the inferior vena cava): two atrioventricular valves (mitral valve and tricuspid valve); and two semilunar valves (aortic valve and pulmonic valve)." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_valves_are_located_in_the_heart", "http://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/heart-blood-vessels/heart-valves", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hvd/", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/circulatory-system-health/how-many-heart-valves", "http://www.cts.usc.edu/hpg-valvesoftheheart.html", "http://www.cts.usc.edu/hpg-valvesoftheheart.html", "http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/heart-valve-disease", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_valves_are_located_in_the_heart" ] }

[]

[ "It is a disorder of the brain." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which clusters of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain sometimes signal abnormally causing strange sensations, emotions, and behavior, or sometimes convulsions, muscle spasms, and loss of consciousness. 2 Epilepsy is not contagious and is not caused by mental illness or mental retardation.", "A seizure is a sudden disruption of the brain's normal electrical activity accompanied by altered consciousness and/or other neurological and behavioral manifestations. Epilepsy is a condition characterized by recurrent seizures that may include repetitive muscle jerking called convulsions.", "Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder (neurological disorder) in which nerve cell activity in the brain becomes disrupted, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations and sometimes loss of consciousness. Seizure symptoms can vary widely.", "Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures over time. Seizures are episodes of disturbed brain activity that cause changes in attention or behavior.", "Epilepsy, which is sometimes called a seizure disorder, is a disorder of the brain. A person is diagnosed with epilepsy when they have had two or more seizures. A seizure is a short change in normal brain activity. Seizures are the main sign of epilepsy.", "Seizures, abnormal movements or behavior due to unusual electrical activity in the brain, are a symptom of epilepsy. But not all people who appear to have seizures have epilepsy, a group of related disorders characterized by a tendency for recurrent seizures.", "Seizure disorder is a general term used to describe any condition in which seizures may be a symptom. Seizure disorder is a general term that it is often used in place of the term ''epilepsy.''." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/seizure/article.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/seizure+disorder", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epilepsy/home/ovc-20117206", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000694.htm", "http://www.cdc.gov/epilepsy/basics/faq.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/guide/understanding-seizures-and-epilepsy", "http://www.webmd.com/epilepsy/guide/understanding-seizures-and-epilepsy" ] }

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[ "$46,610." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "surgeons make $191,580 annually. neurosurgeon $190,000-$700,000 plastic surgeon $200,000-$1,100,000 oral surgeon $150,000-$400,000 heart surgeon $170000-$600,000 Answer It depends on the number of customers (patients) and how much profit they average per customer.", "According to Medscape, general surgeons practicing in health care organizations earned the most by practice setting in 2011, an average of $339,000 per year. Those practicing in single-specialty group practices averaged $332,000, and those practicing in multispecialty group practices averaged $324,000.", "The veterinarian career is expected to grow by 36% from 2010 – 2020 and will add around 22,000 jobs to the overall market over this 10 year period. Being employed in one of the best paying states for veterinarians can earn you as much as $92,000 a year which is about $10,000 more than the median pay.", "Earnings as a Veterinary Surgeon. The lowest-earning 10 percent of veterinarians earned below $46,610 in May 2008, and the highest-earning 10 percent earned above $143,660, according to the BLS.", "National Salary Statistics. According to a 2011 salary survey conducted by Medscape, general surgeons practicing in the United States earned an average of $265,000.", "Veterinary science is one of the most expensive courses of study in Australia, while veterinarians earn comparably low salaries. A vet who has just graduated will earn around $45,000 per year, and most can expect to earn around $76,000 at the peak of their career.", "Pay by Region. General surgeons practicing in the Great Lakes region reported the highest average salary in 2011, $297,000. Those practicing in California and Hawaii earned a close second, averaging $295,000, and those in the Southwestern states earned a relatively high average salary of $285,000 per year.", "The country’s 55,410 veterinarians made an average $91,250 per year as of May 2011, according to the BLS. However, annual pay ranged from $50,480 to $141,680 per year. Veterinarians diagnose and treat pets and animals on farms, ranches, zoos, racetracks and laboratories.", "Basics. The country’s 55,410 veterinarians made an average $91,250 per year as of May 2011, according to the BLS. However, annual pay ranged from $50,480 to $141,680 per year. Veterinarians diagnose and treat pets and animals on farms, ranches, zoos, racetracks and laboratories." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_do_veterinary_surgeons_earn", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-general-surgeons-earn-9471.html", "http://salarybystate.org/tag/how-much-does-a-veterinarian-make", "http://www.ehow.com/info_7857206_much-veterinary-surgeon-make.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-general-surgeons-earn-9471.html", "http://www.ava.com.au/node/5415", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-general-surgeons-earn-9471.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-veterinarians-make-yearly-6628.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-veterinarians-make-yearly-6628.html" ] }

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[ "If you have 2–3 significant projects to highlight for each of your past positions, it would make sense to utilize the chronological format and include the projects as bulleted achievements.ou can incorporate a project list within any of the three resume formats (chronological, functional, or hybrid)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Use your resume to present projects as accomplishments, particularly those that are directly relevant to the job you seek. Focus on specific projects in which you successfully used your skills and abilities to create a beneficial outcome for a former employer. Step 1. Quantify the results of your projects. Don't just say led project to increase production.. Instead, focus on the specific results: Designed and managed the streamlining of my division's production processes, resulting in a 200-percent increase over the previous year.. Step 2. Discuss how your specific involvement was beneficial to the project.", "2. Writing that you were a “volunteer” on your resume might be accurate, but it leaves employers wondering how your volunteer work experience applies to their workplace. Think of a title that represents the kind of volunteer work you did on the job. 3. The volunteer work on your resume should show employers the important skills you learned. As with any job on your resume, the best way to describe volunteer work is to relate it to the job to which you are applying.", "That said, creativity blog 99U suggests that those personal projects you undertake are a great way to pad out your resume and showcase your potential. Most people don't walk out of a college with a lot of relevant work experience, but chances are you have plenty of experience in the field you're looking to get into. Don't limit yourself to the confines of a traditional resume. Recognize that under Skills you can list everything from Photoshop to silk-screening, that studio time can be just as important as past employment, and that unpaid side projects show dedication, initiative, and responsibility.", "You can incorporate a project list within any of the three resume formats (chronological, functional, or hybrid). If you have 2–3 significant projects to highlight for each of your past positions, it would make sense to utilize the chronological format and include the projects as bulleted achievements. ", "Step 3. Include discussion of any projects in which your leadership or specialized abilities resulted in surpassing a project's established goals or objectives. If you led a project designed to reduce production costs by 10 percent, and you succeeded in reducing costs by 20 percent, emphasize that on your resume. Highlight how your involvement led to the project exceeding its goals. Don't just say led project to increase production.. Instead, focus on the specific results: Designed and managed the streamlining of my division's production processes, resulting in a 200-percent increase over the previous year.. Step 2. Discuss how your specific involvement was beneficial to the project.", "The hours you spent doing the grunt-work -- or all of the work -- for your professor as a research assistant, deserves to be showcased on your resume. Treat this experience like you would any other. Paid or unpaid, the skills and knowledge you learned can enhance your resume. Choose which section of your resume to list this experience based on the position you are applying for and whether you have more than one resume entry for research experience.", "Not all projects will make it on your resume. In fact, you might develop project summaries for several projects and then select the key ones that best match a specific job you are applying for. As you go through the list, start diagnosing the project. This process results in a different structure to the work history section – you still organize your experiences by job and by employer, but instead of including one list of bullet points for each job, you have the flexibility to add bullet points specific to each project you’ve worked on.", "1 Consider it the start of your own new business. 2 Include a link to your github or bitbucket repositories. 3 This allows the curious to see the project as a living and growing thing. 4 They'll notice your perseverance and professionalism. 5 Add a personal passions block to your resume. 6 Talk about your project. 1 Include a link to your github or bitbucket repositories. 2 This allows the curious to see the project as a living and growing thing. 3 They'll notice your perseverance and professionalism. 4 Add a personal passions block to your resume. 5" ], "url": [ "http://work.chron.com/describe-projects-resume-3241.html", "https://www.universitylanguage.com/resumes/resume-volunteer-work/", "http://lifehacker.com/5977964/include-personal-projects-on-resumes-when-youre-just-starting-out", "https://resumewriternatalie.wordpress.com/tag/project-list-in-resume/", "http://work.chron.com/describe-projects-resume-3241.html", "http://work.chron.com/put-research-professor-resume-20900.html", "http://www.bridging-the-gap.com/work-history-resume-key-projects/", "http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/87097/how-to-include-serious-personal-project-in-resume" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 Patient-Mix Variables: Response Percentile (cont’d) Calculate Hospital A’s mean Response Percentile for the quarter H RPCT = [(1/9)+(2/9)+(1/11)+(2/11)+(2/8) +(1/8)+(3/8)] / 7 = 0.19 26. HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 Patient-Mix Variables: Education (cont’d) Question 24 for Hospital A • Education : –Derived from HCAHPS survey (values range from 1 to 6) –Calculate the Education mean for Hospital A: H EDUC = (4+1+…+3) / 7 = 22/7 = 3.14 Survey ID Education 1 4 2 1 3 6 4 5 5 1 6 2 7 3 11.", "HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 Overview of Presentation • Process Submitted HCAHPS Data • Calculate HCAHPS Scores w/Example –HCAHPS Composite Measure Calculation –Patient-Mix Variables –Final HCAHPS scores 2. HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 Patient-Mix Variables: Education (cont’d) Question 24 for Hospital A • Education : –Derived from HCAHPS survey (values range from 1 to 6) –Calculate the Education mean for Hospital A: H EDUC = (4+1+…+3) / 7 = 22/7 = 3.14 Survey ID Education 1 4 2 1 3 6 4 5 5 1 6 2 7 3 11.", "CMS calculates the Unweighted Patient Experience of Care Domain Score for each hospital by summing the hospital’s HCAHPS Base Score (0-80) and HCAHPS Consistency Score (0-20). - The Patient Experience of Care Domain Score ranges from 0 to 100 points. - CMS calculates the Weighted Patient Experience of Care Domain Score for each hospital. by multiplying the Unweighted Patient Experience of Care Domain Score by 0.30. CMS performs Steps 1 to 6 separately on each of the three quarters in the FY 2013 Performance. Period. - Please note: If a hospital has fewer than 100 completed surveys in the FY 2013. Performance Period, it will not receive a Patient Experience of Care Domain score.", "CMS will use weighted domains to calculate these reimbursement levels (70% of the total hospital score will be clinical and patients’ experience—HCAHPS—will be weighted at 30% of the total score). Within the HCAHPS piece, there will be eight domains and one overall hospital ranking question. ", "HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 HCAHPS Composite Example (cont’d) Nurse Communication composite score for Hospital A Calculate the Nurse Communication composite mean (Y) as follows: Y = (Nurse1 Top-Box mean + Nurse2 Top-Box mean + Nurse3 Top-Box mean) / 3 = (5/7 + 5/7 +6/7) / 3 = 0.762 9. HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 Patient-Mix Variables: Education (cont’d) Question 24 for Hospital A • Education : –Derived from HCAHPS survey (values range from 1 to 6) –Calculate the Education mean for Hospital A: H EDUC = (4+1+…+3) / 7 = 22/7 = 3.14 Survey ID Education 1 4 2 1 3 6 4 5 5 1 6 2 7 3 11.", "The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-148) includes HCAHPS among the measures to be used to calculate value-based incentive payments in the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing program, beginning with discharges in October 2012. The HCAHPS survey is administered to a random sample of adult patients across medical conditions between 48 hours and six weeks after discharge; the survey is not restricted to Medicare beneficiaries.", "The Total Performance Score (TPS) is derived from 4 domains in FY 2015—Clinical Process of Care, Patient Experience of Care, Outcome, and Efficiency domains. 1 The Clinical Process of Care domain is comprised of 12 clinical process measures and accounts for 20 percent of a hospital’s TPS. 1 The Clinical Process of Care domain is comprised of 12 clinical process measures and accounts for 20 percent of a hospital’s TPS. 2 The Patient Experience of Care domain is composed of 8 dimensions derived from the HCAHPS Survey and accounts for 3", "CMS calculates the HCAHPS Base Score for each hospital. - For each dimension, the greater of Achievement Points or Improvement Points is designated the Dimension Score. o The HCAHPS Base Score is the sum of the eight Dimension Scores.  The HCAHPS Base Score ranges from 0 to 80 points. CMS performs Steps 1 to 6 separately on each of the three quarters in the FY 2013 Performance. Period. - Please note: If a hospital has fewer than 100 completed surveys in the FY 2013. Performance Period, it will not receive a Patient Experience of Care Domain score.", "Hospitalsreceive the higher of an “achievement” or “improvement” score for each measure.Individual measures are assigned to one of several “domains”– including process,outcomes, patient experience and efficiency – that have a percentage weight used to calculate the hospital’s total performance score. The total score is used to determine the amount of incentive payment each hospital receives.The AHA supports the concept of pay-for-performance programs that provideincentives for both demonstrated excellence and noteworthy improvements inpatient safety and effectiveness.", "HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 HCAHPS Composite Example (cont’d) Calculate mean for each of Nurse1 Top-Box, Nurse2 Top-Box, and Nurse3 Top-Box: Nurse1 Top-Box mean = (1+0+1+0+1+1+1) / 7 = 5/7 Nurse2 Top-Box mean = (1+0+1+1+1+0+1) / 7 = 5/7 Nurse3 Top-Box mean = (1+0+1+1+1+1+1) / 7 = 6/7 8. HCAHPS Update Training March 2011 Patient-Mix Variables: Education (cont’d) Question 24 for Hospital A • Education : –Derived from HCAHPS survey (values range from 1 to 6) –Calculate the Education mean for Hospital A: H EDUC = (4+1+…+3) / 7 = 22/7 = 3.14 Survey ID Education 1 4 2 1 3 6 4 5 5 1 6 2 7 3 11." ], "url": [ "http://www.hcahpsonline.org/Files/Calculation%20of%20HCAHPS%20Scores.pdf", "http://www.hcahpsonline.org/Files/Calculation%20of%20HCAHPS%20Scores.pdf", "http://www.hcahpsonline.org/Files/Hospital%20VBP%20Domain%20Score%20Calculation%20Step-by-Step%20Guide_V2.pdf", "http://media.crothall.com/global/news/2011-01_Patient_Satisfaction_News.pdf", "http://www.hcahpsonline.org/Files/Calculation%20of%20HCAHPS%20Scores.pdf", "http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/HospitalQualityInits/HospitalHCAHPS.html", "https://www.medicare.gov/HospitalCompare/Data/total-performance-scores.html", "http://www.hcahpsonline.org/Files/Hospital%20VBP%20Domain%20Score%20Calculation%20Step-by-Step%20Guide_V2.pdf", "http://www.aha.org/content/13/13-linkqualpaymnt.pdf", "http://www.hcahpsonline.org/Files/Calculation%20of%20HCAHPS%20Scores.pdf" ] }

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[ "Relating to the surface of an animal, such as a jellyfish, on which the mouth is situated. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "oral. adj. 1. spoken or verbal: an oral agreement. 2. (Medicine) relating to, affecting, or for use in the mouth: an oral thermometer. 3. (Zoology) of or relating to the surface of an animal, such as a jellyfish, on which the mouth is situated. 4. (Medicine) denoting a drug to be taken by mouth Compare parenteral: an oral contraceptive.", "In a medusa, the oral surface and tentacles face downward. The body of a medusa is typically bell-shaped or umbrella-shaped, and medusae are free-swimming. In a typical medusa, the margins of the bell extend to form a shelf called the velum, which partially closes the open side of the bell.", "Definition of ORAL ARM. : one of the prolongations of the distal end of the manubrium of a jellyfish. ADVERTISEMENT. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis.", "See also occlusal surface. labial surface the vestibular surface of the incisors and canines, which faces the lips. lingual surface the surface of a tooth that faces inward toward the tongue and oral cavity, opposite the vestibular surface; called also or", "[ thrush ]. infection of the oral mucous membrane by the fungus Candida albicans; called also oral candidiasis. It is characterized by white patches on a red, moist inflamed surface, occurring anywhere in the mouth, including the tongue, but usually on the inner cheeks, occasionally accompanied by pain and fever.", "3. oral-of or involving the mouth or mouth region or the surface on which the mouth is located; the oral cavity; the oral mucous membrane; the oral surface of a starfish. anatomy, general anatomy-the branch of morphology that deals with the structure of animals.", "mesial surface the surface of a tooth that is closest to the midline of the dental arch, opposite to its distal surface. occlusal surface the surface of the teeth that comes in contact with those of the opposite jaw during occlusion; called also masticatory surface. oral surface lingu" ], "url": [ "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/oral", "http://www.freethought-forum.com/forum/showthread.php?t=18474&garpg=6", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/oral%20arm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oral+surface", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Thrush+(zoology)", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/oral", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oral+surface" ] }

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[ "Anesthesiologist assistants must complete a bachelor's degree, a graduate degree and certification." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Anesthesiologist assistants must complete a bachelor's degree, a graduate degree and certification. Depending on the program they choose, anesthesiologist assistants could go to school for just over six years. Anesthesiologist assistants work under the direction of a licensed anesthesiologist. They help to prepare a patient for surgery by taking a health history, inserting an IV and administering drugs. They also provide support during the administration of anesthesia, such as by monitoring fluid intake", "The Graduate Degree. After completing a suitable undergraduate degree, the future anesthesiologist assistant must enroll in an accredited physician assistant program. These typically take a little more than two years and result in a master's degree. Outlook. The demand for anesthesiology assistants runs in parallel to demand for anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists, all of which are high. A 2009 article in Becker's Hospital Review reported shortages of both anesthetists and anesthesiologists, and citing a need for additional anesthesia providers.", "The work of an anesthesiologist assistant (or AA) directly contributes to the success of surgical operations by ensuring the comfort and wellbeing of the patient. AAs perform their duties under the direct supervision and discretion of the supervising medical anesthesiologist. (Either test can be retaken to achieve a higher score.). Apply to an accredited school that grants anesthesiologist assistant degrees. The American Academy of Anesthesiologist Assistants lists the ten or so schools that offer a master’s program in this area.", "Overview. Anesthesiologist assistants occupy a growing segment of the health care community. As valued members of the anesthesia care team, these professionals provide very important assistance to the anesthesiologist in treating patients before and after surgery. (Either test can be retaken to achieve a higher score.). Apply to an accredited school that grants anesthesiologist assistant degrees. The American Academy of Anesthesiologist Assistants lists the ten or so schools that offer a master’s program in this area.", "Anesthesia Training. Becoming an anesthesiologist assistant requires specialized training in the principles and practice of anesthesia and clinical experience. Licensed physician assistants can complete a certificate program, adding just the required courses and clinical rotations to their existing education. Outlook. The demand for anesthesiology assistants runs in parallel to demand for anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists, all of which are high. A 2009 article in Becker's Hospital Review reported shortages of both anesthetists and anesthesiologists, and citing a need for additional anesthesia providers.", "Complete a bachelor's degree that includes the normal premedical classes. Graduate school admission requirements often include two semesters of biology, two semesters of chemistry, anatomy, physiology, two semesters of physics and two semesters of advanced college math. The National Commission for Certification of Anesthesiologist Assistants administers a certifying exam, which you can take in your last year of study or after graduation. Maintain your certification by completing 40 hours of continuing education every two years and documenting your study to the NCCAA.", "Anesthesia assistants, known more commonly as anesthesiologist assistants, work with licensed anesthesiologists to administer painkillers and anesthetics to patients prior to surgery. During surgery, you'll monitor a patient's vitals, such as blood pressure, heart rate and respiration. You'll want to complete a master's degree program in anesthesia. Programs are designed for prospective anesthesiologist assistants who want to work as part of an anesthesia team, which also includes nurses, an anesthesiologist technician and an anesthesiologist.", "In order to become an anesthesiologist, you must attend at least four years of college, four years of medical school and then do a four year residency in anesthesia. So … at least 12 years of school after high school. Barney9. Medical Degree Before you can choose to become an anesthesiologist you have to graduate from a 4-year Doctoral program. This is a general degree in medicine that you should gain before deciding on the specialization. You can pursue this degree in one of 170 accredited medical schools in the US." ], "url": [ "http://education.seattlepi.com/many-years-school-become-anesthesiologist-assistant-2934.html", "http://work.chron.com/many-years-school-become-anesthesiologist-assistant-8808.html", "http://www.innerbody.com/careers-in-health/how-to-become-an-anesthesiologist-assistant.html", "http://www.innerbody.com/careers-in-health/how-to-become-an-anesthesiologist-assistant.html", "http://work.chron.com/many-years-school-become-anesthesiologist-assistant-8808.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_5578371_become-anesthesiologist-assistant.html", "http://learn.org/articles/Anesthesia_Assistant_Become_an_Anesthesia_Assistant_in_5_Steps.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_do_I_become_an_anesthesiologist_Assistant" ] }

[]

[ "Yes", "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The growth and division of mitochondria is not linked to the cell cycle; instead, mitochondria replicate their DNA and divide mainly in response to the energy needs of the cell. When the energy use by a cell is high, the mitochondria grow and divide. When the energy use is low, mitochondria are destroyed or become inactive. At cell division, mitochondria are distributed to the daughter cells more or less randomly by partitioning of the cytoplasm when the cell divides. However, all of the mitochondria, and therefore all the mitochondrial genes, are contributed to the zygote by the egg. At fertilization of an egg, a single sperm enters the egg along with the mitochondria that it uses to provide the energy needed for its swimming behavior.", "A dominant role for the mitochondria is the production of ATP, as reflected by the large number of proteins in the inner membrane for this task. This is done by oxidizing the major products of glucose: pyruvate, and NADH, which are produced in the cytosol. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions.", "Mitochondria are unusual organelles. They act as the power plants of the cell, are surrounded by two membranes, and have their own genome. They also divide independently of the cell in which they reside, meaning mitochondrial replication is not coupled to cell division. For example, repeatedly stimulating a muscle cell will spur the production of more mitochondria in that cell, to keep up with energy demand. Mitochondria cannot be made from scratch because they need both mitochondrial and nuclear gene products.", "Mitochondrial diseases result from failures of the mitochondria, specialized compartments present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. Mitochondria are responsible for creating more than 90% of the energy needed by the body to sustain life and support growth. When they fail, less and less energy is generated within the cell. Cell injury and even cell death follow. The conventional teaching in biology and medicine is that mitochondria function only as energy factories for the cell. This over-simplification is a mistake which has slowed our progress toward understanding the biology underlying mitochondrial disease. It takes about 3000 genes to make a mitochondrion.", "For typical liver mitochondria, the area of the inner membrane is about five times as large as the outer membrane. This ratio is variable and mitochondria from cells that have a greater demand for ATP, such as muscle cells, contain even more cristae. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions.", "The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. thread, and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. granule or grain-like. Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions.", "What they mean is that mitochondria get the energy out of glucose in respiration: they use this energy to make a wonderful chemical called ATP. Cells need energy for other processes such as the synthesis of proteins from amino-acids and the replication of DNA. Therefore both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA and ribosomes. Some of the ATP produced by mitochondria is generated directly during glycolysis and the Kreb’s Cycle, which is also called the Tri-Carboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle. More ATP is generated from a chemical called NADPH.", "ATP is the main source of energy for most processes in the cell, and large quantities must be made for a cell to function. Most cells use simple sugars, such as glucose, as their primary energy source. The metabolism of glucose begins in the cytoplasm with a process called glycolysis. However, all of the mitochondria, and therefore all the mitochondrial genes, are contributed to the zygote by the egg. At fertilization of an egg, a single sperm enters the egg along with the mitochondria that it uses to provide the energy needed for its swimming behavior.", "Human mitochondrial genetics is the study of the genetics of human mitochondrial DNA (the DNA contained in human mitochondria). The human mitochondrial genome is the entirety of hereditary information contained in human mitochondria. Mitochondria are small structures in cells that generate energy for the cell to use, and are hence referred to as the powerhouses of the cell. ", "Mitochondrion structure. Mitochondria are the energy factories of the cells. The energy currency for the work that animals must do is the energy-rich molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The ATP is produced in the mitochondria using energy stored in food. Just as the chloroplasts in plants act as sugar factories for the supply of ordered molecules to the plant, the mitochondria in animals and plants act to produce the ordered ATP molecules as the energy supply for the processes of life." ], "url": [ "http://www.biologyreference.com/Ma-Mo/Mitochondrion.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/mitochondria-14053590", "http://www.umdf.org/site/c.8qKOJ0MvF7LUG/b.7934627/k.3711/What_is_Mitochondrial_Disease.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion", "http://purchon.com/biology/?page_id=149", "http://www.biologyreference.com/Ma-Mo/Mitochondrion.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_genetics", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/mitochondria.html" ] }

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[ "Mirin is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine. It is a type of rice wine similar to sake." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A large bowl of mirin. Mirin (味醂 or みりん) is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine. It is a type of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content and higher sugar content. The sugar content is a complex carbohydrate formed naturally via the fermentation process; it is not refined sugar.", "Mirin is used to add a bright touch to grilled (broiled) fish or to erase the fishy smell. A small amount is often used instead of sugar and soy sauce. It should not be used in excess, however, as its flavor is quite strong. It is sometimes used to accompany sushi. Mirin is used in teriyaki sauce. November 30 has been designated the Day of hon-mirin by the mirin industry because in Japanese wordplay the date words sound like '11' (いい, good) and '30' (みりん, mirin).", "Definition of MIRIM. lake 108 miles (174 kilometers) long on boundary between Brazil & Uruguay near Atlantic coast.", "Mira. [mahy-ruh] /ˈmaɪ rə/. 1. Astronomy. the first long-period pulsating variable star to be discovered, with a period averaging 331 days. It is a red giant and a component of a binary star in the constellation Cetus. 2. a female given name." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirin", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mirim", "http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/miras" ] }

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[ "Found everywhere, in all possible habitats,these are basically unicellular but may live in association with other cells forming colonies,the bacterial cell is delineated by a rigid cell wall." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The most elemental structural property of bacteria is Cell morphology (shape). Cell shape is generally characteristics of a given bacteria, but can vary depending on growth conditions. Bacteria generally form distinctive cell morphologies when examined by light microscopy. The examples are as follows. 1 Coccus (spherical): Coccus can be used to describe any bacterium that has a spherical shape. 2 Bacillus (rod-like): Bacillus is used to describe any rod-shaped bacterium. 3 Spirillum (spiral): This refers to a bacterium with a spiral shape.", "Characteristics of Bacteria. Bacteria are prokaryotes, i.e. they do not have their DNA enclosed in a nucleus (Bacteria, 2005). They are among the earliest life forms that appeared on Earth billions of years ago, and helped change the environment, creating oxygen which enabled higher forms to evolve.", "Bacteria-Characteristics Of Bacteria. Although all bacteria share certain structural, genetic, and metabolic characteristics, important biochemical differences exist among the many species of bacteria. These differences permit bacteria to live in many different, and sometimes extreme, environments. Bacteria are mostly unicellular organisms that lack chlorophyll and are among the smallest living things on earth—only viruses are smaller. Multiplying rapidly under favorable conditions, bacteria can aggregate into colonies of millions or even billions of organisms within a space as small as a drop of water.", "The characteristics of bacteria are among the most varied in any domain of life-the relatedness between 2 species of bacteria is often much less than the relation between any 2 given metazoans, say a human and a slug. The examples are as follows. 1 Coccus (spherical): Coccus can be used to describe any bacterium that has a spherical shape. 2 Bacillus (rod-like): Bacillus is used to describe any rod-shaped bacterium. 3 Spirillum (spiral): This refers to a bacterium with a spiral shape.", "Characteristics. Bacteria are grouped in a number of different ways. Most bacteria are of one of three typical shapes—rod-shaped (bacillus), round (coccus, e.g., streptococcus), and spiral (spirillum). An additional group, vibrios, appear as incomplete spirals.", "How can you tell a tiger from a wolf? By observing the characteristics of the animal. In the same way, each species of bacteria exhibits characteristics that, when taken together, can be used to differentiate the bacterial species in question from other species of bacteria. ", "Split and merge into it. Answer by HEB417. Confidence votes 2. Characteristics of bacteria are prokaryotes, meaning they do not have membrane bound organelles, peptidoglycan cell wall, and asexual reproduction, meaning they only need themselves to multiply. ", "1 Bacillus (rod-like): Bacillus is used to describe any rod-shaped bacterium. 2 Spirillum (spiral): This refers to a bacterium with a spiral shape. 3 Filamentous: Filamentation is the growth of certain bacteria, such as E.coli, in which cells continue to elongate but do not divide. The examples are as follows. 1 Coccus (spherical): Coccus can be used to describe any bacterium that has a spherical shape. 2 Bacillus (rod-like): Bacillus is used to describe any rod-shaped bacterium. 3", "General Characteristics of Bacterium. The following characteristics are common to most of the bacteria 1 –. Found everywhere, in all possible habitats. 2 These are basically unicellular but may live in association with other cells forming colonies. 3 The bacterial cell is delineated by a rigid cell wall. Characteristics of a Gram-positive bacterium are given below 1 –. The cell is made of two layers; the cell membrane and the cell wall (thick layer of peptidoglycan). 2 Thus, making the cell wall thick. 3 The amount of lipid is less in the cell wall, which retains the stain back in the cell.", "The cytoplasm and plasma membrane of most bacterial cells are surrounded by a cell wall; further classification of bacteria is based on cell wall characteristics (see Gram's stain). They can also be characterized by their patterns of growth, such as the chains formed by streptococci. Many bacteria, chiefly the bacillus and spirillum forms, are motile, swimming about by whiplike movements of flagella; other bacteria have rigid rodlike protuberances called pili that serve as tethers. Most bacteria are of one of three typical shapes—rod-shaped (bacillus), round (coccus, e.g., streptococcus), and spiral (spirillum). An additional group, vibrios, appear as incomplete spirals." ], "url": [ "http://www.innovateus.net/science/what-are-structural-characteristics-bacteria", "http://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1703379.html", "http://science.jrank.org/pages/714/Bacteria.html", "http://www.innovateus.net/science/what-are-structural-characteristics-bacteria", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/bacteria-characteristics.html", "http://www.austincc.edu/microbugz/cultural_characteristics.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_characteristics_of_bacteria", "http://www.innovateus.net/science/what-are-structural-characteristics-bacteria", "http://ygoy.com/2010/10/15/bacteria/", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/bacteria-characteristics.html" ] }

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[ "30-60 minutes", "30-60 minutes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Thirty Minutes, Give or Take. Take as one example stuffed pork chops, 3/4 inch thick. These should take around 30 minutes in a 350 F oven to complete baking, so that the stuffing cooks through. Unstuffed, thinner pork chops take less time, and thicker pork chops take longer. Also, the more chops in the oven, the longer they’ll take to cook.", "5. Bake the pork chops at 400 degrees F. Once the oven is up to heat, put the pork chops in the oven on the middle rack. Set the timer for 30 minutes. But really, time will not be the measure of when these stuffed pork chops are done. That will actually be temperature. 6. Check the internal temperature of the baked stuffed pork chops. After 30 minutes, check the internal temperature of the stuffed pork chops. Check the meat right next to the stuffing, sorta in the middle of the pork chops. Pork is safe to eat at 150 degrees F, so that is what I recommend cooking your pork chop to.", "First off, you will want to slice pockets into the chops toward but not quite touching the bone. Fill pork chops with desired amount of stuffing and place a tooth pick in each chop to hold it shut. Saute sauté the chops in about -2 3 tablespoons of butter until each side is slightly.(brown-4) 5. minutes Saute sauté the chops in about -2 3 tablespoons of butter until each side is slightly.(brown-4) 5. Minutes once, finished remove the tooth picks and place in a dish and if there is any excess, breading put it in with the. Chops pre heat the oven to 350. degrees make your desired. sauce", "3. Place the stuffy pork chops on the baking sheet or baking dish. 4. Bake the pork chops. Put the meat inside the oven uncovered and then leave it for about 30-60 minutes. After 30 minutes, get a meat thermometer and insert it in the meat. 3. Leave the grill’s lid closed for about 30 minutes or until the pork chops reaches 145 degrees at the center. You can determine the temperature of the meat by inserting a meat thermometer in it. 4. When cooked, take the stuffed pork chops out of the grill, and then allow it to cool down for 3 minutes before serving.", "Sweet & Sour Sauce-http://goo.gl/FYFC8J. I usually cook porch chops in the oven at 350 degrees for 30 minutes to one hour. This depends upon the thickness of the pork chop. Also, always thaw the porck chops before baking them. ", "The amount of timed consumed in cooking stuffed pork chops depends on the method of cooking. However, baking or grilling stuffed pork chops at 350 degrees will take you 30-60 minutes to bake. Baking and grilling stuffed pork chops will you save you time from cooking without sacrificing its flavor. Also, this allows you to serve it up for a homey, cozy, and flavorful dinner without doing plenty of kitchen work. 3. Leave the grill’s lid closed for about 30 minutes or until the pork chops reaches 145 degrees at the center. You can determine the temperature of the meat by inserting a meat thermometer in it. 4. When cooked, take the stuffed pork chops out of the grill, and then allow it to cool down for 3 minutes before serving.", "Preheat oven to 375 degree F. Heat remaining 1 tablespoon oil in large skillet. Add chops; cook 2 minutes per side or until browned. Place chops in single layer in a baking dish just large enough to hold them. Sprinkle with remaining 1/4 teaspoon salt and 1/8 teaspoon pepper. " ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/how_4771062_long-takes-bake-pork-chops.html", "http://www.howtocookmeat.com/recipes/pork/how-to-bake-stuffed-pork-chops.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080528153039AAQJET0", "http://franticfoodie.com/how-long-to-cook-stuffed-pork-chops/", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5bbgJIVpDo", "http://franticfoodie.com/how-long-to-cook-stuffed-pork-chops/", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/stuffed-pork-chops-recipe1.html" ] }

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[ "meat and bones" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Broth is a liquid food preparation, typically consisting of water, in which bones, meat, fish, cereal grains, or vegetables have been simmered. Broth is used as a basis for other edible liquids such as soup, gravy, or sauce.", "When I was in culinary school, I was taught that broth and stock are two different animals: broth is made from vegetables and meat simmered in water, while stock includes vegetables, a little meat, but mostly bones (which are often roasted). But in the years since my graduation, everything seems to have changed.", "1 Stock is typically simmered for a moderate amount of time (3 to 4 hours). 2 Stock is a good source of gelatin. 3 Bone Broth is typically made with bones and can contain a small amount of meat adhering to the bones. 4 As with stock, bones are typically roasted first to improve the flavor of the bone broth.", "1 Broth is typically simmered for a short period of time (45 minutes to 2 hours). 2 It is very light in flavor, thin in texture and rich in protein. 3 Stock is typically made with bones and can contain a small amount of meat (think of the meat that adheres to a beef neck bone).", "A: Chicken stock tends to be made more from bony parts, whereas chicken broth is made more out of meat. Chicken stock tends to have a fuller mouth feel and richer flavor, due to the gelatin released by long-simmering bones. Canned low-sodium chicken broth is the busy home-cook's best friend.", "1 Broth is typically made with meat and can contain a small amount of bones (think of the bones in a fresh whole chicken). 2 Broth is typically simmered for a short period of time (45 minutes to 2 hours). 3 It is very light in flavor, thin in texture and rich in protein.", "1 Stock is a good source of gelatin. 2 Bone Broth is typically made with bones and can contain a small amount of meat adhering to the bones. 3 As with stock, bones are typically roasted first to improve the flavor of the bone broth.", "Commercially prepared liquid broths are available, typically for chicken broth, beef broth, and vegetable broth. Dehydrated meat stock, in the form of tablets, is called a bouillon cube." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broth", "http://www.epicurious.com/ingredients/difference-stock-broth-bone-broth-article", "http://nourishedkitchen.com/bone-broth/", "http://nourishedkitchen.com/bone-broth/", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/articles/chicken-stock-vs-chicken-broth.html/", "http://nourishedkitchen.com/bone-broth/", "http://nourishedkitchen.com/bone-broth/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broth" ] }

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[ "English, Shona and Ndebele" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Welcome to Martin Shumba's Shona language pages. Shona, or chiShona, is an African language spoken by nearly 80 percent of people in Zimbabwe. There are clusters of Shona people or Shona speaking people in Botswana and Mozambique, and in almost every country that shares borders with Zimbabwe. Shona people had no input in drawing these borders. ", "Mhoro – Hello. Shona (chiShona) is a southern Bantoid language belonging to the Niger-Congo language family. It is spoken by 10.7 million people as a first language and by another 1.8 million people as a second or third language in Zimbabwe, Botswana, Malawi, and Zambia (Ethnologue). Status. Shona is an official language of Zimbabwe, along with Ndebele and English. English is used as a lingua franca by those who speak mutually unintelligible languages. It is the de facto national working language of the country", "Language. zimbabwe people had not written language and the oral traditionals have not survived. but Zimbabwe peopel essentially speak three languages namely English, Shona and Ndebele. Shona (also known as chiShona) and Ndebele (also known as Sindebele) are the most common indigenous languages spoken in Zimbabwe. ", "Shona is a principal language of Zimbabwe, along with Ndebele and the official business language, English. Shona is spoken by a large percentage of the people in Zimbabwe. Languages with partial intelligibility with Shona, of which the speakers are considered to be ethnically Shona, are the S15 Ndau language, spoken in Mozambique and Zimbabwe, and the S13 Manyika language, spoken in eastern Zimbabwe, near Mutare. Ndau literacy material has been introduced into primary schools.", "Zimbabwe has 16 official languages. English, Shona and Ndebele are the most widely spoken languages in the country. Approximately 70% of the population is Shona speaking and speaks ChiShona as their first language. Also it is said that around 20% are Ndebele and speak IsiNdebele as their first language", "English is the official language in Zimbabwe. Widely spoken native languages are Shona and Ndebele. There are also parts of Zimbabwe that speak Tonga, Venda and Tshangane. … These are minority societies. The official Zimbabwe languages are English, Shona and Ndebele. English is mostly solely used in all business private and government. Shona which is the main language spok … en in Northern Zimbabwe is mostly used informally. Shona has variants(dialects) which include but not limited to Manyika, Ndau and Zezuru.", "Shona /ˈʃoʊnə/ , or chiShona, is a Bantu language, native to the Shona people of Zimbabwe. The term is also used to identify peoples who speak one of the Shona language dialects: Zezuru, Karanga, Manyika and Korekore, sometimes also Ndau. Languages with partial intelligibility with Shona, of which the speakers are considered to be ethnically Shona, are the S15 Ndau language, spoken in Mozambique and Zimbabwe, and the S13 Manyika language, spoken in eastern Zimbabwe, near Mutare. Ndau literacy material has been introduced into primary schools.", "Shona, Ndebele and English English is the official language, with Shona and Ndebele as recognised regional languages. Additionally, some other dialects may be found, and there will some knowledge of Afrikaans in border regions. Here is a list of languages spoken in Zimbabwe: ... The official Zimbabwe languages are English, Shona and Ndebele. English is mostly solely used in all business private and government. Shona which is the main language spok … en in Northern Zimbabwe is mostly used informally. Shona has variants(dialects) which include but not limited to Manyika, Ndau and Zezuru.", "Zimbabwe Language-What do they speak. Zimbabwe people essentially speak three languages namely English, Shona and Ndebele. Shona (also known as chiShona) and Ndebele (also known as Sindebele) are the most common indigenous languages spoken in Zimbabwe. Apart from Shona and Ndebele the people of Zimbabwe also fluently speak English. English actively works as a bridge between non-Shona speakers and non-Ndebele speakers. English is the language of business in Zimbabwe. National state news media is broadcast in English, Shona and Ndebele on a daily basis.", "English is the official language in Zimbabwe. Widely spoken native languages are Shona and Ndebele. There are also parts of Zimbabwe that speak Tonga, Venda and Tshangane. … These are minority societies. The official Zimbabwe languages are English, Shona and Ndebele. English is mostly solely used in all business private and government. Shona which is the main language spok … en in Northern Zimbabwe is mostly used informally. Shona has variants(dialects) which include but not limited to Manyika, Ndau and Zezuru." ], "url": [ "http://www.mashumba.com/", "http://aboutworldlanguages.com/Shona", "http://greazimbabwe.weebly.com/language.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shona_language", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Zimbabwe", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_language_they_speak_in_Zimbabwe", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shona_language", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_language_they_speak_in_Zimbabwe", "http://zimbabwe-people.blogspot.com/2009/11/zimbabwe-language-what-do-they-speak-in.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_languages_are_spoken_in_Zimbabwe" ] }

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[ "The attempt to represent subject matter truthfully,without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions, implausible,exotic and supernatural elements." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Broadly defined as the faithful representation of reality, realism in the arts is the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions, implausible, exotic and supernatural elements. Literary realism is part of the realist art movement beginning with mid nineteenth-century French literature (Stendhal), and Russian literature (Alexander Pushkin) and extending to the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.", "Definitions. Broadly defined as the faithful representation of reality or verisimilitude, realism is a literary technique practiced by many schools of writing. Although strictly speaking, realism is a technique, it also denotes a particular kind of subject matter, especially the representation of middle-class life", "Kitchen sink realism (or kitchen sink drama) is a term coined to describe a British cultural movement that developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s in theatre, art, novels, film and television plays, which used a style of social realism. Literary realism is part of the realist art movement beginning with mid nineteenth-century French literature (Stendhal), and Russian literature (Alexander Pushkin) and extending to the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.", "Political Realism. Political realism is a theory of political philosophy that attempts to explain, model, and prescribe political relations. It takes as its assumption that power is (or ought to be) the primary end of political action, whether in the domestic or international arena.", ": the quality of a person who understands what is real and possible in a particular situation and is able to deal with problems in an effective and practical way. : the quality of being very much like real life: the quality of seeming to be real. : the theory or practice of fidelity in art and literature to nature or to real life and to accurate representation without idealization. — re·al·ist \\-list\\ adjective or noun. — re·al·is·tic \\ˌrē-ə-ˈlis-tik\\ adjective. — re·al·is·ti·cal·ly \\-ti-k(ə-)lē\\ adverb.", "Regardless of one’s point of view on the definition of realism, realistic art undoubtedly has at its disposal an unusually diverse assortment of methods of generalization, methods for approaching reality, and stylistic forms and devices. From the standpoint of literary style, the term “realism” refers to the literary means used in works characterized by the realistic method. For many centuries the language of literature was special and “poetic.” In almost all genres, works of art were written in verse.", "A Realist painting by Gustave Courbet. Realism (or naturalism) in the arts is the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions, implausible, exotic and supernatural elements. Realism has been prevalent in the arts at many periods, and is in large part a matter of technique and training, and the avoidance of stylization. In the visual arts, illusionistic realism is the accurate depiction of lifeforms, perspective, and the details of light and colour. Realist works of art may emphasize the ugly or sordid, such as works of social realism, regionalism, or Kitchen sink realism", "Alberto lvaro R os. The following is a compendium of magical realism definitions and defining narratives. The struggle to define magical realism is evident in that, as a literary practice, it subverts definition in the same ways that it subverts other kinds of rules rules of nature, rules of science, rules of behavior. Each work is singular, so that grouping texts is necessarily difficult. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_realism", "http://public.wsu.edu/%7Ecampbelld/amlit/realism.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_realism", "http://www.iep.utm.edu/polreal/", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/realism", "http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/realism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(arts)", "http://www.public.asu.edu/~aarios/magicalrealism/index_files/Page278.htm" ] }

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[ "Is a carnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A symbol of the Arctic, polar bears are the world’s largest land predator and biggest member of the bear family. With heavy fur, blubber up to four inches thick and black skin that absorbs heat from the sun, polar bears are amazingly well adapted to the Arctic climate.", "The polar bear is the newest of the eight bear species, and scientists believe that the polar bear evolved about 200,000 years ago from brown bear ancestors. Both polar bears and brown bears are big and are the largest land carnivores.", "Polar bears roam the Arctic ice sheets and swim in that region's coastal waters. They are very strong swimmers, and their large front paws, which they use to paddle, are slightly webbed.", "The total polar bear population is divided into 19 units or subpopulations. Of those, the latest data from the IUCN Polar Bear Specialist Group show that three subpopulations are in decline and that there is a high estimated risk of future decline due to climate change.", "Polar bears are the largest land carnivores in the world, rivaled only by the Kodiak brown bears of southwestern Alaska. Polar bears are marine mammals, and spend much of their time on Arctic sea ice. Many adaptations make polar bears uniquely suited to life in icy habitats.", "The polar bear is classified as a vulnerable species, with eight of the nineteen polar bear subpopulations in decline. For decades, large scale hunting raised international concern for the future of the species but populations rebounded after controls and quotas began to take effect.", "The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) is a carnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses. It is a large bear, approximately the same size as the omnivorous Kodiak bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi).", "Complete facts and information on polar bears, including size, feeding habits, cubs, snow dens, adaptations to the Arctic, and population status.", "Often referred to as the largest land carnivores in the world, polar bears are actually marine mammals, and spend much of their time on Arctic sea often ice hundreds of miles from land. Climate change is melting their icy habitat, making it increasingly difficult to travel, hunt and raise their young." ], "url": [ "http://earthjustice.org/irreplaceable/polar-bear", "http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/polar-bear", "http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/polar-bear/", "http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/polar-bear", "http://www.defenders.org/polar-bear/basic-facts", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_bear", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_bear", "http://www.polarbearsinternational.org/about-polar-bears/essentials", "http://www.defenders.org/polar-bear/threats" ] }

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[ "Thunderstorm cloud" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Stronger thunderstorm cells are capable of producing tornadoes and waterspouts. There are four types of thunderstorms: single-cell, multicell cluster, multicell lines, and supercells. Supercell thunderstorms are the strongest and the most associated with severe weather phenomena. Dry thunderstorms, with no precipitation, can cause the outbreak of wildfires with the heat generated from the cloud-to-ground lightning that accompanies them. Several methods are used to study thunderstorms, such as weather radar, weather stations, and video photography.", "A cloud is made up of liquid water droplets. A cloud forms when air is heated by the sun. As it rises, it slowly cools it reaches the saturation point and water condenses, forming a cloud. As long as the cloud and the air that its made of is warmer than the outside air around it, it floats! Clouds move with the wind. Clouds are white because they reflect the light of the sun. Light is made up of colors of the rainbow and when you add them all together you get white. The sun appears a yellow color because it sends out more yellow light than any other color. Clouds reflect all the colors the exact same amount so they look white.", "Hail is possible within most thunderstorms as it is produced by cumulonimbi, and within 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) of the parent storm. Hail formation requires environments of strong, upward motion of air with the parent thunderstorm (similar to tornadoes) and lowered heights of the freezing level. Any thunderstorm which produces hail that reaches the ground is known as a hailstorm. Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more. Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 0.5 kilograms (1.1 lb). Unlike ice pellets, hailstones are layered and can be irregular and clumped together.", "Hail is a form of solid precipitation. It is distinct from sleet, though the two are often confused for one another. It consists of balls or irregular lumps of ice, each of which is called a hailstone. Sleet falls generally in cold weather while hail growth is greatly inhibited at cold temperatures. Any thunderstorm which produces hail that reaches the ground is known as a hailstorm. Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more. Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 0.5 kilograms (1.1 lb). Unlike ice pellets, hailstones are layered and can be irregular and clumped together.", "thunderstorm clouds. High winds can flatten the top of the cloud into an anvil-like shape. Cumulonimbus clouds are associated with heavy rain, snow, hail, lightning and even tornadoes. The anvil usually points in the direction the storm is moving. Cirrus clouds. the most common of the high clouds. They are composed of ice and are thin, wispy clouds blown in high winds into long streamers. Cirrus clouds are usually white and predict fair to pleasant weather. By watching the movement of cirrus clouds you can tell from which direction weather is approaching.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. The most likely type of cloud that would result in hail and lightning would be the nimbous cloud. ", "A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm, a lightning storm, or a thundershower, is a type of storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere known as thunder. Thunderstorms occur in association with a type of cloud known as a cumulonimbus. Dry thunderstorms, with no precipitation, can cause the outbreak of wildfires with the heat generated from the cloud-to-ground lightning that accompanies them. Several methods are used to study thunderstorms, such as weather radar, weather stations, and video photography.", "Hail forms in strong thunderstorm clouds, particularly those with intense updrafts, high liquid water content, great vertical extent, large water droplets, and where a good portion of the cloud layer is below freezing 0 °C (32 °F). These types of strong updrafts can also indicate the presence of a tornado. Any thunderstorm which produces hail that reaches the ground is known as a hailstorm. Hail has a diameter of 5 millimetres (0.20 in) or more. Hailstones can grow to 15 centimetres (6 in) and weigh more than 0.5 kilograms (1.1 lb). Unlike ice pellets, hailstones are layered and can be irregular and clumped together.", "Hail requires strong updrafts to keep the hydrometeors suspended to accumulate ice. The only clouds that can normally support these updrafts are cumulus or cumulonimbus (thunderstorm) clouds. Hail requires TWO elements. One is an updraft and the other is that the water inside the cloud reaches the freezing level. This normally occurs only in cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds that extend to fairly high altitudes. Fair weather cumulus, for example, do not obtain the needed height to reach the freezing level.", "Clouds. A cloud is a large collection of very tiny droplets of water or ice crystals. The droplets are so small and light that they can float in the air. All air contains water, but near the ground it is usually in the form of an invisible gas called water vapor. When warm air rises, it expands and cools. Clouds are white because they reflect the light of the sun. Light is made up of colors of the rainbow and when you add them all together you get white. The sun appears a yellow color because it sends out more yellow light than any other color. Clouds reflect all the colors the exact same amount so they look white." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderstorm", "http://exploringweather.com/clouds.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hail", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hail", "https://quizlet.com/12364556/types-of-clouds-flash-cards/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_clouds_would_most_likely_result_in_hail_and_lightning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderstorm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hail", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_type_of_cloud_does_a_hailstone_come_from", "http://exploringweather.com/clouds.html" ] }

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[ "The average cost of one meal per day per person is 7 dollars. However, the average price of a home cooked meal per day per person is just under 3 dollars." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The average cost of living for an American [edit]. 1 $20,194 per person per year according to Bureau of Labor Statistics (value given divided by 2.5 average household size ('consumer unit') - [1]. Cost over a lifetime [edit]. Say a person lives 78 years [9] , and you take the average cost of living from BLS. Over 78 years, one spends an average of about $1.6 million dollars just to survive. Of this, one spends about $1M on housing, food, and cars ($12683 per year * 78).", "Average Diet Food Budget = $7 a day per person. This USDA plan assumes this family of 4 always eats at home, never at McDonald’s, Subway, or Applebee’s. A single meal out can blow the entire days food budget ! Knowing that Americans eat out 5 times a week I consider this a low number. To answer that question we need to know just how much do people spend on food on average on both an average diet and a real food diet. According to the USDA the average family of four is spending somewhere between $544 to $1235 per month for food eaten at home. That’s a huge range! They break it down into 4 plans: Thrifty, low-cost, moderate, and liberal", "The average cost of one meal per day per person is 7 dollars. However, the average price of a home cooked meal per day per person is just under 3 dollars. ", "Young adults' average weekly food spending is $173, more than what older Americans say they spend. Those with incomes of $75,000 or more per year are averaging $180 per week, compared with $144 for those with incomes of $30,000 to $74,999, and $127 for the lowest income group. One in 10 Americans say they spend $300 or more per week and, at the other extreme, 8% spend less than $50. Gallup has asked a version of this question as far back as 1943, but has not asked it since 1987. In 1943, an average of $15 per week was spent on food.", "I spend about 360 month on food total ($12 a day). That includes going out so much of my socializing with friends and other single person activities (dating). But for just cooking at home I'm closer to 250 a month ($8 a day). But this is not an area I choose to optimize. I've been spending $565 a month for three people which is just over $6 per person per day. That includes mostly eating in with eating out for a meal ~once a week but nothing fancy. Beer/wine for one social drinker is included in the figure.", "Right now my monthly budget for food is around $100 a month. That's for me mostly, but I also have kids who don't live with me who come stay with me a couple of weekends a month. At my current budget, that's working out to be around $3.33 per day (or $1.11 per meal). I've been spending $565 a month for three people which is just over $6 per person per day. That includes mostly eating in with eating out for a meal ~once a week but nothing fancy. Beer/wine for one social drinker is included in the figure.", "WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Americans report spending $151 on food per week on average. One in 10 Americans say they spend $300 or more per week and, at the other extreme, 8% spend less than $50. Gallup has asked a version of this question as far back as 1943, but has not asked it since 1987. In 1943, an average of $15 per week was spent on food. The final 1987 estimate was $106", "Average daily water use in USA is 50 to 100 gallons per person per day, showers, hand washing, dishes, toilets, laundry ect. Equals about 2,000 - 3,000 gallons a month. This s … ite has a great calculator - http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/sq3.html Jusy copy and paste it in your browser window. ", "So, just $5 per day each. That’s $2 less per person per day than the average USDA food budget. For a family of 4 that is $600 per month, with some families coming in a lot lower. The average USDA monthly food budget for that same family is $840. To answer that question we need to know just how much do people spend on food on average on both an average diet and a real food diet. According to the USDA the average family of four is spending somewhere between $544 to $1235 per month for food eaten at home. That’s a huge range! They break it down into 4 plans: Thrifty, low-cost, moderate, and liberal" ], "url": [ "http://opensourceecology.org/wiki/Cost_of_Living", "http://grannysvitalvittles.com/real-food-economics-101-real-food-vs-average-food-budgets/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_cost_per_person_to_eat_per_day", "http://www.gallup.com/poll/156416/Americans-Spend-151-Week-Food-High-Income-180.aspx", "http://forum.mrmoneymustache.com/ask-a-mustachian/how-much-should-one-person-spend-on-food-per-day-on-average/", "http://forum.mrmoneymustache.com/ask-a-mustachian/how-much-should-one-person-spend-on-food-per-day-on-average/", "http://www.gallup.com/poll/156416/Americans-Spend-151-Week-Food-High-Income-180.aspx", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_monthly_food_cost_for_one_person_in_the_US", "http://grannysvitalvittles.com/real-food-economics-101-real-food-vs-average-food-budgets/" ] }

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[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Along with capsaicin, chile peppers are a good source of vitamin C, beta-carotine, and potassium. Many also contain carotenoids, the red, orange pigments in plants which are associated with having cancer-protection and other health benefits. But it’s the pepper’s capsaicin -- its most active substance -- that has spurred recent cancer-related interest in the pungent chile pepper. In fact, capsaicin is so hot that researchers who handle it need to wear protective clothing and gloves, and work in a specially filtered room. Word of Warning: If you bite into a chile dish that leaves you gasping and you need some fast relief, swig down a gulp of milk, not water.", "Another effective cancer prevention tactic is to avoid risky behaviors that can lead to infections that, in turn, might increase the risk of cancer. For example: 1 Practice safe sex. 2 Limit your number of sexual partners, and use a condom when you have sex. Skin cancer is one of the most common kinds of cancer — and one of the most preventable. Try these tips: 1 Avoid midday sun. 2 Stay out of the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., when the sun's rays are strongest. 3 Stay in the shade. 4 When you're outdoors, stay in the shade as much as possible", "This is just one of many ways in which chemicals that are found naturally in plants (phytochemicals) could have an anticancer effect. Cancer isn’t just one disease. It’s a group of unrelated diseases that all result from the same sort of problem: cells behaving badly. Cancer cells don’t become the kind of cell that they’re supposed to become, and they keep dividing to make new cells long after they were supposed to stop. Capsaicin, which is the chemical that puts the heat in hot chili peppers, may encourage some kinds of cancer cells to commit suicide; but capsaicin doesn’t seem to have the same effect on healthy cells.", "More recent research has shown that capsaicin has inhibited the growth of adult leukaemia cells and gastric cancer. Learn more about Cancer Uncensored-The Book-Your step-by-step guide to cancer prevention, early detection and cancer survival. ", "Artichokes are a great source of silymarin, an antioxidant that may help prevent skin cancer by slowing cancer cell growth. To eat, peel off the tough outer leaves on the bottom, slice the bottom, and cut off the spiky top. Then boil or steam until tender, about 30-45 minutes. Drain and eat. 30 Simple Ways You Can Prevent Cancer. Cancers don’t develop overnight. These cancer-fighting foods and other lifestyle moves can significantly reduce your cancer risk. Of course, you should always check with your doctor with any concerns.", "Now, researchers are finding that the pungent substance that gives chile peppers its burning sensation may also be helpful in treating certain cancers. Some chile peppers carry more of a tear-inducing wallop than others. The compound responsible for the fiery sensation in peppers is capsaicin (pronounced cap-SAY-sin). In fact, capsaicin is so hot that researchers who handle it need to wear protective clothing and gloves, and work in a specially filtered room. Word of Warning: If you bite into a chile dish that leaves you gasping and you need some fast relief, swig down a gulp of milk, not water.", "The first is a self-destruct mechanism that is built into the cell’s genetic instructions. This self-destruction, which is called apoptosis or programmed cell death, causes the cell to break apart into tidy fragments that are quickly and easily devoured by white blood cells. Capsaicin, which is the chemical that puts the heat in hot chili peppers, may encourage some kinds of cancer cells to commit suicide; but capsaicin doesn’t seem to have the same effect on healthy cells.", "AL ROKER reporting: And now to TODAY'S HEALTH and everyday ways to reduce your cancer risk. According to the National Cancer Institute, more than 11 million people in the US live with cancer. And while you can't always prevent it, you can lower your chances of getting it. Dr. Nancy Snyderman is NBC 's chief medical editor, and Robbie Caploe is the executive editor of Prevention magazine.", "Smoking has been linked to various types of cancer — including cancer of the lung, bladder, cervix and kidney. And chewing tobacco has been linked to cancer of the oral cavity and pancreas. Even if you don't use tobacco, exposure to secondhand smoke might increase your risk of lung cancer. Avoiding tobacco — or deciding to stop using it — is one of the most important health decisions you can make. It's also an important part of cancer prevention. If you need help quitting tobacco, ask your doctor about stop-smoking products and other strategies for quitting. 1 If you choose to drink alcohol, do so only in moderation. 2 The risk of various types of cancer — including cancer of the breast, colon, lung, kidney and liver — increases with the amount of alcohol you drink and the length of time you've been drinking regularly." ], "url": [ "http://preventcancer.aicr.org/site/News2?id=11165", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/cancer-prevention/art-20044816?pg=2", "http://wheredogorillasgettheirprotein.blogspot.com/2011/12/can-hot-chili-peppers-help-prevent.html", "http://www.canceruncensored.com/chili-peppers-and-cancer-prevention/", "http://www.rd.com/health/conditions/how-to-prevent-cancer/", "http://preventcancer.aicr.org/site/News2?id=11165", "http://wheredogorillasgettheirprotein.blogspot.com/2011/12/can-hot-chili-peppers-help-prevent.html", "http://www.nbcnews.com/id/38865802/ns/health-cancer/t/everyday-ways-avoid-cancer/", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/cancer-prevention/art-20044816" ] }

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[ "Ammonium hydroxide is the active cleansing agent." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Ammonia gas dissolves easily in water to form ammonium hydroxide, a caustic solution and weak base. 2 Ammonia gas is easily compressed and forms a clear liquid under pressure. 3 Ammonia is usually shipped as a compressed liquid in steel containers.", "Water solutions of ammonia are also called ammonium hydrate, aqua ammonia, or ammonia water; the solution may contain up to 30% ammonium hydroxide by weight at room temperature and pressure. The major use of ammonia and its compounds is as fertilizers.", "Ammonia is a gas that is highly soluble in water. When in solution with water, ammonia becomes ammonium hydroxide, which is strongly basic. The pH of the solution depends on the concentration of ammonium hydroxide, temperature, etc. I happen to think its about 11.5. Dude, yer wrong-its 11.6 definitely.", "Household ammonia, also known as Ammonium Hydroxide, is an excellent and budget-friendly cleaner to use throughout the home. Ammonia cleaning solutions suitable for household use are generally 5-10% ammonia mixed with water.", "1 Ammonia has alkaline properties and is corrosive. 2 Ammonia gas dissolves easily in water to form ammonium hydroxide, a caustic solution and weak base. 3 Ammonia gas is easily compressed and forms a clear liquid under pressure. 4 Ammonia is usually shipped as a compressed liquid in steel containers.", "Uses. Ammonia solutions are used to clean, bleach, and deodorize; to etch aluminum; to saponify (hydolyze) oils and fats; and in chemical manufacture. The ammonia sold for household use is a dilute water solution of ammonia in which ammonium hydroxide is the active cleansing agent. It should be used with caution since it can attack the skin and eyes. The vapors are especially irritating—prolonged exposure and inhalation cause serious injury and may be fatal." ], "url": [ "https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/ammonia_tech.htm", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/ammonia-uses.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_pH_value_of_ammonia", "http://www.networx.com/article/ammonia-cleaning", "https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/ammonia_tech.htm", "http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/science/ammonia-uses.html" ] }

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[ "Heart valves, biliary stents, pacemakers, and artificial joints.", "Biofilms can be found on medical and dental implants living in intravenous and urinary catheters, contact lenses, and prosthetic devices, such as heart valves, biliary stents, pacemakers, and artificial joints." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "To better understand andcontrol biofilms on indwelling medical devices, researchers should develop reliable sampling andmeasurement techniques, investigate the role of biofilms in antimicrobial drug resistance, and establish thelink between biofilm contamination and patient infection. Vol. 7, No. 2, March–April 2001 277 Emerging Infectious Diseases Special Issue Microbial biofilms develop when microorganisms irre-versibly adhere to a submerged surface and produceextracellular polymers that facilitate adhesion and provide astructural matrix.", "Though biofilms have been studied extensively in industrial settings, only recently has that knowledge been applied to medicine. Biofilms, often disgusting but generally benign -- dental plaque and shower curtain mildew are examples -- can pose a serious threat when they form on medical devices. John W. Costerton, PhD, director of Montana State University's Center for Biofilm Engineering, explained that biofilms are groups of bacteria growing in formation. The cells secrete a slimy material that forms a protective barrier around the colony.", "Certain types of biofilms, such as those from the genus Staphylococcus, are more harmful because they release toxins and can be highly resistant to antibiotics, especially if they form biofilms in a patient's body (see How Staph Infections Work to read more). This means some medicines won't work for people who are ill from biofilm infections. Biofilms can cause a variety of health problems, ranging from a common earache to a specific bacterial infection found in people living with a genetic disease called cystic fibrosis.", "A biofilm is any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other on a surface. Hence, the dispersal process is a unique stage during the transition from biofilm to planktonic lifestyle in bacteria. Dispersed cells are found to be highly virulent against macrophages and Caenorhabditis elegans, but highly sensitive towards iron stress, as compared with planktonic cells.", "But biofilms are particularly an area of concern for patients with implanted medical devices. They have been found on some devices more than others, including: 1 Catheters, or tubes inserted in the body to deliver treatment or remove bodily fluids (especially central venous catheters and urinary catheters). This means some medicines won't work for people who are ill from biofilm infections. Biofilms can cause a variety of health problems, ranging from a common earache to a specific bacterial infection found in people living with a genetic disease called cystic fibrosis.", "Microbes form a biofilm in response to many factors, which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics. Hence, the dispersal process is a unique stage during the transition from biofilm to planktonic lifestyle in bacteria. Dispersed cells are found to be highly virulent against macrophages and Caenorhabditis elegans, but highly sensitive towards iron stress, as compared with planktonic cells.", "St. Jude Accent Wireless Pacemaker. Bacteria are able to form colonies — called biofilms — on the implanted device, which can lead to wider infections such as endocarditis, a bacterial infection of the heart. Research led by scientists in the Department of Biology at the University of York has shed new light on how these “biofilm” structures are formed. “These clusters of bacteria on implanted devices can be a problem for heart patients because they are very difficult to treat with antibiotics. Often the only way to tackle the infection is to remove the affected device, which can be a difficult and invasive process and lead to further complications.", "Dental Plaque Biofilms Page 1 of 6 Dental Plaque Biofilms By Jill S. Nield-Gehrig, RDH, MA * Bacteria are the primary etiologic agents in periodontal disease. More than 500 bacterial strains may be found in dental plaque. 1 These bacteria have evolved to survive in the environment of the tooth surface, gingival epithelium, and oral cavity. Recent technical advances have led to the recognition that dental plaque is a biofilm. The basic properties of the biofilm structure are summarized in the Table. As the bacteria attach to a surface and to each. Dental Plaque Biofilms Page 2 of 6 other, they cluster together to form sessile, mushroom-shaped microcolonies that are attached to the surface at a narrow base (Figure 2).", "Catheters, artificial valves, and other medical devices are remaining in place longer than ever, and colonization with slimy, tenacious bacterial biofilms is a growing problem, according to researchers at a CDC conference on hospital infections. John W. Costerton, PhD, director of Montana State University's Center for Biofilm Engineering, explained that biofilms are groups of bacteria growing in formation. The cells secrete a slimy material that forms a protective barrier around the colony.", "It has been estimated that more than 99% of all bacteria on the earth live as attached bacteria. 2 Biofilms can be found on medical and dental implants living in intravenous and urinary catheters, contact lenses, and prosthetic devices, such as heart valves, biliary stents, pacemakers, and artificial joints (Figure 1). The basic properties of the biofilm structure are summarized in the Table. As the bacteria attach to a surface and to each. Dental Plaque Biofilms Page 2 of 6 other, they cluster together to form sessile, mushroom-shaped microcolonies that are attached to the surface at a narrow base (Figure 2)." ], "url": [ "http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/7/2/pdfs/70-0277.pdf", "http://www.webmd.com/news/20000309/bacterial-biofilms-medical-devices", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/biofilm4.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilm", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/biofilm4.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilm", "http://www.advancedhealing.com/biofilms-form-on-implanted-devices-such-as-pacemakers/", "http://www.dentalcarestamford.com/pdf/Denta%20Plaque%20Biofilms.pdf", "http://www.webmd.com/news/20000309/bacterial-biofilms-medical-devices", "http://www.dentalcarestamford.com/pdf/Denta%20Plaque%20Biofilms.pdf" ] }

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[ "$7.25" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Their cereal aisle isn’t as big as Trader Joe’s, but I noticed similar prices. Whole Foods: Their own brand of cereal features in-store versions of familiar favorites (like “Cocoa Krisps” and “Protein and Berries”) for an affordable $1.99. Their Puffins, however, were $5.39 each. Whole Foods: Their bread section has fresh rolls and bagels for 99 cents each, $2.50 baguettes, $5 loaves and Italian bread for $3.50. Trader Joe’s: The large bread section has all-around good prices.", "n. I went to Trader Joe's to get raw frozen shrimp called Wild Blue Shrimp, but noticed that it's $16 for each bag which contains about 12 pealed and de-vained shrimp. Plus they are wild shrimp and cleaned. Probably high quality if from Trader Joes. That is a very fair price. You don't want bargain China farmed shrimp. People in the shrimp business say Colombian white is the best shrimp.", "Heat a large skillet over medium-high heat, and spray liberally with canola oil. Saute polenta slices until golden brown, turning as necessary, and remove polenta from pan. Re-spray if necessary, and add sausage slices. When sausage is just starting to brown, add shrimp to the pan, and cook until opaque. Remove sausage and shrimp from pan. Thread polenta slices, cooked shrimp, and sausage slices onto skewers, alternating between each ingredient. Serve with sriracha sauce for dipping. Recipe Credit: Trader Joe's Stick It! 2013 HiiP Recipe Contest Featuring Food On A Stick 3rd Place Winner-Laura Wehrmeyer", "Fairway also has whole wheat baguettes for only $1.99. Whole Foods: Their bread section has fresh rolls and bagels for 99 cents each, $2.50 baguettes, $5 loaves and Italian bread for $3.50. Trader Joe’s: The large bread section has all-around good prices.", "3 Heat large skillet to medium, spraying with non-stick cooking spray. Add contents of bowl when 6 minutes are left to cook the spaghetti. 4 Sweat contents of pan for 4 minutes. 5 With 2 minutes left, add shrimp and increase heat to cook off excess water. 6 Add cooked pasta to the pan, mix well and serve. Spicy Shrimp & Spaghetti Agio Olio with frozen shrimp 1 lb frozen shrimp, thawed 1/2 lemon, juiced 1/4 cup flat leaf parsley, chopped 3/4 tsp crushed red pepper 6 garlic cloves, chopped 1/2 medium onion, chopped 3/4 tsp salt 2 Tbs EVOO 6 anchovy filets 4 oz dry pasta (we like Angel hair pasta) 1 Peel thawed shrimp.", "Remove polenta from casing and slice lengthwise down the center, then slice each half into half-moon shapes about 1/2 thick. Remove sausage from packaging and slice each link on the diagonal at same thickness. Remove thawed shrimp from packaging and season with Trader Joe’s South African seasoning blend on each side. When sausage is just starting to brown, add shrimp to the pan, and cook until opaque. Remove sausage and shrimp from pan. Thread polenta slices, cooked shrimp, and sausage slices onto skewers, alternating between each ingredient.", "Trader Joe's Wild Argentian Shrimp, 5 out of 5 based on 1 ratings. Get thee to Trader Joe’s ASAP and snap these up. Trader Joe’s Uncooked Wild Argentinian Red Shrimp. I first spotted this shrimp in my local Trader Joe’s back in May and was so excited to see reasonably priced *wild* shrimp, I bought six packs. Lucky I did, because every time I’ve been back to TJs I’ve looked for more and they’ve been out", "Take-away: You’d be unlikely to mistake frozen shrimp for fresh, though neither is cheap. Per pound, prices range from about $6.50 (Walmart) to $15 (Whole Foods). Tastee shrimp are soft and watery; Costco, Trader Joe’s, and Whole Foods shrimp have a firmer, chewier texture and aren’t waterlogged. At $7.25, Costco offers the best mix of price and quality. However, store brands aren't always a bargain. Trader Joe's and Whole Foods usually contended for most-expensive store brand. In fact, five of the 10 tested Whole Foods products—cranberry juice, trail mix, ice cream, shrimp, and nuts— actually cost more than the national brand.", "Hi everyone! I have a bag of frozen already cooked shrimp for Trader Joes and all the recipes I read ask for raw shrimp and they tell you how to cook them. Spicy Shrimp & Spaghetti Agio Olio with frozen shrimp 1 lb frozen shrimp, thawed 1/2 lemon, juiced 1/4 cup flat leaf parsley, chopped 3/4 tsp crushed red pepper 6 garlic cloves, chopped 1/2 medium onion, chopped 3/4 tsp salt 2 Tbs EVOO 6 anchovy filets 4 oz dry pasta (we like Angel hair pasta) 1 Peel thawed shrimp." ], "url": [ "http://chelseanow.com/2013/07/how-convenient-whole-foods-trader-joes-and-fairway/", "http://www.chowhound.com/post/raw-frozen-shrimp-trader-joes-expensive-992534#!", "http://www.traderjoes.com/Recipes/recipe/233", "http://chelseanow.com/2013/07/how-convenient-whole-foods-trader-joes-and-fairway/", "http://community.cookinglight.com/showthread.php?95866-Recipe-idea-with-already-cooked-shrimp", "http://www.traderjoes.com/Recipes/recipe/233", "http://themeanestmomma.com/2012/07/11/trader-joes-wild-argentian-shrimp/", "http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2013/10/best-store-brands/index.htm", "http://community.cookinglight.com/showthread.php?95866-Recipe-idea-with-already-cooked-shrimp" ] }

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[ "Allergy, gastric reflux, and medications that cause dryness." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The sensation of post-nasal drip is not usually caused by an increased amount of mucus coming from your nose or sinuses, says Dr. Dolan. “It is more likely to be caused by the mucus becoming too thick or by irritation of your throat. In my experience, the three most common causes are allergy, gastric reflux, and medications that cause dryness.”. Here are some other common conditions that may cause post-nasal drip: 1 Cold or flu viruses. 2 Sinus infection.", "Postnasal drip is a condition in which the sinuses produce excessive amounts of mucus. This excessive mucus accumulates in the back of the nose and drips into the throat. Postnasal drip is a symptom of a variety of conditions and diseases. Postnasal drip: Treatments. Treatment of post nasal drip varies depending on the underlying cause, the age and general health of the patient, the severity, and other factors. A common general treatment is gently irrigating the nose with a sterile saline solution.", "When sinusitis causes postnasal drip, an infection of the sinuses results in the development and discharge of extra mucus from the nose. This mucus can also run down the throat, causing symptoms of postnasal drip. When postnasal drip is due to allergic rhinitis, allergens breathed into the nose trigger an allergic reaction. This leads to a release of chemicals, including histamine, which cause inflammation and the production of extra mucus. Postnasal drip: Treatments. Treatment of post nasal drip varies depending on the underlying cause, the age and general health of the patient, the severity, and other factors. A common general treatment is gently irrigating the nose with a sterile saline solution.", "Post-nasal drip is the sensation of mucus accumulating or dripping in the back of your throat. Post-nasal drip can irritate your throat, causing a sore throat or cough. It can go along with a stuffy nose if you have a nasal allergy. “It is more likely to be caused by the mucus becoming too thick or by irritation of your throat. In my experience, the three most common causes are allergy, gastric reflux, and medications that cause dryness.”. Here are some other common conditions that may cause post-nasal drip: 1 Cold or flu viruses. 2 Sinus infection.", "Post-nasal drip often leads to a sore, irritated throat. Although there is usually no infection, the tonsils and other tissues in the throat may swell. This can cause discomfort or a feeling that there is a lump in the throat. Successful treatment of the post-nasal drip will usually clear up these throat symptoms. ", "Post-nasal drip may become worrisome if it is accompanied by symptoms such as persistent cough, severe stuffy nose, recurrent infections, blood tinged mucus, or voice changes. In severe or persistent cases of post-nasal drip, a patient may be referred to an ear, nose, and throat specialist, explains Dolan. “It is more likely to be caused by the mucus becoming too thick or by irritation of your throat. In my experience, the three most common causes are allergy, gastric reflux, and medications that cause dryness.”. Here are some other common conditions that may cause post-nasal drip: 1 Cold or flu viruses. 2 Sinus infection.", "Post-nasal discharge, also called post-nasal drip (PND), describes the sensation of mucous accumulation in the throat or a feeling that mucus is dripping downward from the back of the nose. PND can be caused by excessive or thick secretions or throat muscle and swallowing disorders. ", "In fact, postnasal drip is the most common cause of chronic cough. Excess mucus running down your throat may also make you feel hoarse and give you a sore throat. If the mucus plugs up the Eustachian tube -- the tube that connects the throat to the middle ear -- it can lead to a painful ear infection. The excess mucus production that triggers postnasal drip has a number of possible causes, including: 1 Colds. 2 Flu. 3 Allergies (called allergic postnasal drip). 4 Sinus infection or sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses).", "This mucus can also run down the throat, causing symptoms of postnasal drip. When postnasal drip is due to allergic rhinitis, allergens breathed into the nose trigger an allergic reaction. This leads to a release of chemicals, including histamine, which cause inflammation and the production of extra mucus. This excessive mucus accumulates in the back of the nose and drips into the throat. Postnasal drip is a symptom of a variety of conditions and diseases. Conditions and diseases that commonly cause postnasal drip include allergic rhinitis and sinusitis.", "Treatment for postnasal drip depends on the cause of the problem. Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics. However, green or yellow mucus is not necessarily proof of a bacterial infection. Colds can also turn the mucus these colors and they are caused by viruses, which don't respond to antibiotics. " ], "url": [ "http://www.everydayhealth.com/cold-flu/post-nasal-drip.aspx", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/p/postnasal_drip/intro.htm", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/p/postnasal_drip/intro.htm", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/cold-flu/post-nasal-drip.aspx", "http://www.entnet.org/content/post-nasal-drip", "http://www.everydayhealth.com/cold-flu/post-nasal-drip.aspx", "http://www.entassociates.com/post_nasal_drip.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/allergies/postnasal-drip", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/postnasal_drip.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/allergies/postnasal-drip?page=2" ] }

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[ "Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, widely abbreviated as EDTA (for other names, see Table), is an aminopolycarboxylic acid and a colourless, water-soluble solid Its conjugate base is named ethylenediaminetetraacetate." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example; many EDTA complex with sodium, calcium or magnesium metal ions are used for different purposes and that is known as edta chelation therapy. In this chelation therapy around 20-30 or more doses of EDTA complexes are delivered to the patient with vitamin/mineral supplements under the supervision of a doctor. EDTA Chelation. EDTA, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid is a hexadentate ligand that acts as a chelating agent in the formation of coordination complexes. There are various applications of this chelating agent in biochemical, medical and other industries.", "EDTA is a chemical that binds and holds on to (chelates) minerals and metals such as chromium, iron, lead, mercury, copper, aluminum, nickel, zinc, calcium, cobalt, manganese, and magnesium. When they are bound, they can't have any effects on the body and they are removed from the body. EDTA is sometimes used as an ointment for skin irritations produced by metals such as chromium, nickel, and copper. Eye drops containing EDTA are used to treat calcium deposits in the eye. In foods, EDTA bound to iron is used to “fortify” grain-based products such as breakfast cereals and cereal bars.", "EDTA. n. 1. (Elements & Compounds) ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid; a colourless crystalline slightly soluble organic compound used in inorganic chemistry and biochemistry. It is a powerful chelating agent used to stabilize bleach in detergents. Noun. 1. EDTA-a complex molecule used medically to chelate metal ions in cases of lead or heavy metal poisoning. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. molecule - (physics and chemistry) the simplest structural unit of an element or compound.", "EDTA. n. A crystalline acid, C 10 H 16 N 2 O 8, that acts as a strong chelating agent. The sodium salt of EDTA is used as an antidote for metal poisoning, an anticoagulant, and an ingredient in a variety of industrial reagents. Noun. 1. EDTA-a complex molecule used medically to chelate metal ions in cases of lead or heavy metal poisoning. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. molecule - (physics and chemistry) the simplest structural unit of an element or compound.", "Chelation therapy is a treatment that involves repeated intravenous (IV) administration of a chemical solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or EDTA. It is used to treat acute and chronic lead poisoning by pulling toxins (including heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and mercury) from the bloodstream. EDTA is a synthetic chemical and not found naturally. Because there is concern that EDTA may deplete important vitamins and minerals, EDTA chelation therapy is often given with essential nutrients (including calcium, B vitamins, vitamin C, and magnesium).", "A chelate is a chemical compound composed of a metal ion and a chelating agent. A chelating agent is a substance whose molecules can form several bonds to a single metal ion. In other words, a chelating agent is a multidentate ligand. An example of a simple chelating agent is ethylenediamine. ethylenediamine. A single molecule of ethylenediamine can form two bonds to a transition-metal ion such as nickel(II), Ni 2+ . EDTA is a versatile chelating agent. It can form four or six bonds with a metal ion, and it forms chelates with both transition-metal ions and main-group ions. EDTA is frequently used in soaps and detergents, because it forms a complexes with calcium and magnesium ions.", "Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, widely abbreviated as EDTA (for other names, see Table), is an aminopolycarboxylic acid and a colourless, water-soluble solid. Its conjugate base is named ethylenediaminetetraacetate. It is widely used to dissolve limescale. As a structural isomer of EDTA, ethylenediamine-N,N’-disuccinic acid can exist three isomers : (S,S), (R,S)/(S,R) and (R,R), but only the S,S-isomer is readily biodegradable. EDDS exhibits a surprisingly high rate biodegradation at 83% in 20 days.", "Adult. For heavy metal toxicity: EDTA chelation therapy is often given intravenously with calcium, magnesium, and vitamins B and C over a period of 1 to 3 hours. The recommended adult dosage varies depending on the size of the person and the amount of lead or other metal in the body. EDTA is a synthetic chemical and not found naturally. Because there is concern that EDTA may deplete important vitamins and minerals, EDTA chelation therapy is often given with essential nutrients (including calcium, B vitamins, vitamin C, and magnesium)." ], "url": [ "http://chemistry.tutorcircle.com/inorganic-chemistry/chelation.html", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-1032-EDTA.aspx?activeIngredientId=1032&activeIngredientName=EDTA", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/EDTA", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/EDTA", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/ethylenediaminetetraacetic-acid", "http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/Chelates/Chelates.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylenediaminetetraacetic_acid", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/ethylenediaminetetraacetic-acid" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In direct zoonosis the disease is directly transmitted from animals to humans through media such as air (influenza) or through bites and saliva (Rabies). In contrast, transmission can also occur via an intermediate species (referred to as a vector), which carry the disease pathogen without getting infected. Zoonoses (/ˌzoʊ.əˈnoʊsɨs/ , plural - /ˈnoʊsiz/ , also spelled zooenoses; zoönoses singular (zoonosis or); zooenosis Zoönosis: from greek ζῷον zoon animal and νόσος) nosos ailment are infectious diseases (of animals), usually vertebrates that can naturally be transmitted. to humans", "Enzootic pneumonia in pigs is a respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. The disease is associated with a significant loss of production in intensively reared pigs. ", "Pneumocystis pneumonia. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a serious illness caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. PCP is one of the most frequent and severe opportunistic infections in people with weakened immune systems, particularly people with HIV/AIDS", "The signs in animals are fever, pneumonia, and swollen lymph nodes. In humans, the disease is categorized into bubonic and pneumonic types. The bubonic form is characterized by a bacteremia and infected lymph nodes. Human mortality in untreated cases for this form of plague is 25-60%. The pneumonic form is characterized by an acute pneumonia and is rapidly fatal (1-3 days) if untreated (100%). Veterinarians have been killed by this disease.", "The disease is relatively rare in humans. A mild form is characterized by fever, chills, nausea, malaise, and myalgia (muscle pain). In the severe state, it may appear as a meningitis. Prevention:.................Good personal hygiene, particularly avoiding contact with urine of wild species. The bubonic form is characterized by a bacteremia and infected lymph nodes. Human mortality in untreated cases for this form of plague is 25-60%. The pneumonic form is characterized by an acute pneumonia and is rapidly fatal (1-3 days) if untreated (100%). Veterinarians have been killed by this disease.", "Major modern diseases such as Ebola virus disease and influenza are zoonoses. Zoonoses can be caused by a range of disease pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites; of 1,415 pathogens known to infect humans, 61% were zoonotic. Zoonoses (/ˌzoʊ.əˈnoʊsɨs/ , plural - /ˈnoʊsiz/ , also spelled zooenoses; zoönoses singular (zoonosis or); zooenosis Zoönosis: from greek ζῷον zoon animal and νόσος) nosos ailment are infectious diseases (of animals), usually vertebrates that can naturally be transmitted. to humans", "The most common atypical pneumonias are caused by three zoonotic pathogens, Chlamydia psittaci (psittacosis), Francisella tularensis (tularemia), and Coxiella burnetii (Q fever), and three nonzoonotic pathogens, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella. ", "(July 2014). Psittacosis — also known as parrot fever, and ornithosis — is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Chlamydia psittaci and contracted from parrots, such as macaws, cockatiels and budgerigars, and pigeons, sparrows, ducks, hens, gulls and many other species of bird. ", "Zoonoses are diseases that can be spread from animals to people. They include diseases that are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. Depending on the disease, zoonoses can be spread in multiple ways. Some zoonotic diseases may cause only mild illness, while others, like rabies, can be fatal. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis", "http://en.wikivet.net/Enzootic_Pneumonia_-_Pigs", "http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/pneumocystis-pneumonia/index.html", "http://wildliferehabinfo.org/Zoonoses_MnPg.htm", "http://wildliferehabinfo.org/Zoonoses_MnPg.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoonosis", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16669925", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psittacosis", "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2102&aid=3595" ] }

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[ "2-4 days" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Saliva test – Cocaine is detectable in saliva after 5 to 10 minutes of taking the drug. It may be detected in saliva till 2 to 4 days. Urine test – Detectable after 2 to 5 hours of use, till a period of 3", "Confidence votes 25. Cocaine can be detected in the urine for 4-8 hours after a single snorted (nasal) dose, and up to 24 hours after a single ingested (oral) dose. A breakdown product of cocaine, benzoylecgonine can be detected in the urine for up to 60 hours after a single use, or up to 22 days after repeated use.", "Cocaine can be detected in the system anywhere from 12 hours to 4 days after use. The length of time cocaine stays in your system depends on the dosage amount ingested, the route of administration and frequency of use. When cocaine is metabolized, the liver turns it into benzoylecgonine, which is then excreted in urine.", "Cocaine normally stays in the system for approximately 48 hours. Although the method of administration and the dose administered affects how long it takes for the body to metabolize this drug. When coca leaves are chewed, absorption time is around 30 minutes.", "Injected cocaine can be detected in the urine even 20 hours or more from use. The cocaine metabolites (benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester and coca ethylene) are detected until 60 hours from last single use or 22 days after continual use.", "According to WebMD, the length of time that cocaine will stay in your blood is about 12 hours from the time that you last use it. However, if a drug test is your concern, few people use blood tests to check for cocaine abuse because their ability to check for traces of the drug are limited to a small window.", "Very low concentrations may be detected during the initial few hours, however, benzoylecgonine persists in urine at detectable concentrations from 2-4 days. Chronic, heavy use of cocaine can result in detectable amounts for up to 10 days following a binge use.", "Cocaine is a fast acting drug with a short half life. The detection times reflect how long Cocaine stays in your system. Cokes half life is only about 60 minutes. Its effects can be felt within about 10-15 minutes after use." ], "url": [ "http://buddymd.com/benzoylecgonine-cocaine-drug-elimination-time-and-clearance", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_cocaine_stay_in_your_system_if_you_took_a_small_amount", "http://www.addictions.com/cocaine/how-long-does-cocaine-stay-in-your-system/", "http://www.allhealthsite.com/how-long-does-cocaine-stay-in-your-system-urine-blood.html", "http://www.allhealthsite.com/how-long-does-cocaine-stay-in-your-system-urine-blood.html", "http://luxury.rehabs.com/cocaine-addiction/how-long-does-it-stay-in-your-system/", "http://drug.addictionblog.org/how-long-does-cocaine-stay-in-blood-hair-or-urine/", "https://thcclear.com/how-long-cocaine-stay-in-your-system/" ] }

[]

[ "Interlining is one kind of accessories that is used between the two layers of fabric in a garment." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Fusible interlining: It is most used interlining. The interlining which is used between two layers of fabrics by applying heat and pressure for a certain time, that is called Fusible Interlining. Fusible interlining is used for all kinds of apparel. Also it is used in “Ready to wear” and “Bespoke garment”. Fusible Interlining is popular for some advantage which is given below: 1 To get similarities among the apparel. 2 Interlining gives the same outlook of the apparel.", "Drapery Interlining. Interlining is a flannel-like cotton fabric that hangs between the face fabric and the lining. Most of our patterns include instructions for interlining of the window treatments. We almost always use interlining unless the face fabric is very thick or it is a sheer fabric. It is a high-end workroom technique that will make your window treatments hang beautifully and look professional", "The interlining which is used between two layers of fabrics directly by sewing without heat and pressure is called non-fuse interlining. This type of interlining is also called sewn interlining or non-fusible interlining. To keep the different component or part of apparel in a desired shape, a kind of fabric is used between the two ply of fabric by sewing or fusing is called interlining. Generally, interlinings are soft, thick, and flexible.", "Interlining is one kind of accessories that is used between the two layers of fabric in a garment. To keep the different component or part of apparel in a desired shape, a kind of fabric is used between the two ply of fabric by sewing or fusing is called interlining. Generally, interlinings are soft, thick, and flexible. It is made cotton, nylon, polyester, wool and viscose", "Interlining (also known as interline ticketing) is a voluntary commercial agreement between individual airlines to handle passengers traveling on itineraries that require multiple airlines. Interlining agreements differ from codesharing agreements in that codesharing agreements usually refers to numbering a flight with the airline's code (abbreviation) even though the flight is operated by another airline. However, codeshare relationships can affect whether an interline ticket (or e-ticket) can be issued.", "It is most used interlining. The interlining which is used between two layers of fabrics by applying heat and pressure for a certain time is called Fusible Interlining. Fusible interlining is used for all kinds of apparel. To keep the different component or part of apparel in a desired shape, a kind of fabric is used between the two ply of fabric by sewing or fusing is called interlining. Generally, interlinings are soft, thick, and flexible.", "How to use interlining. Interlining is a layer of material between the outer fabric and the lining. It’s usually included to give a garment additional warmth, but can also be used to change the garment’s drape if you need to add more body. To sew interlining, cut your pattern pieces (usually just the main parts of the garment, like the body and sleeves, not the smaller details, like a collar) from the interlining fabric. Examples of synthetic interlining include Primaloft and Thinsulate. Flannel, fleece, cotton batting and chamois can also be used.", "Interlining is basically anything used between two layers of fabric to give more body. A fusible interlining is thin layer made from woven, knitted or non-woven material bonded mechanically or thermally which when fused with fabric panel. ", "Top 10 facts about the world. Interlining is a layer of fabric inserted between the face and the lining of a garment, drapery, or quilt. It is similar to batting, a thick layer of fiber designed to provide insulation, loft, and body to quilts, pillow toppers, and heavy winter jackets. Interlining can also be used to protect fabrics, especially those used in drapes and consequently often exposed to direct light. Delicate fabrics like silk and velvet can suffer from sun damage if hung with a liner alone, and most drapers recommend the use of an interlining for the life of the fabric." ], "url": [ "http://textilefashionstudy.com/what-is-interlining-types-and-functions-of-interlinings-in-apparel/", "http://www.patemeadows.com/interlining.htm", "http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2013/12/what-is-interlining-different-types.html", "http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2013/12/what-is-interlining-different-types.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlining", "http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2013/12/what-is-interlining-different-types.html", "http://www.craftsy.com/blog/2014/03/how-to-use-interlining/", "http://www.textileschool.com/articles/76/interlining", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-an-interlining.htm" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Chlorine is a naturally-occurring element that can be either a gas or a liquid. As a gas, chlorine has a yellow-green color and a strong, irritating odor similar to bleach. Chlorine can be converted to a liquid at very cold temperatures for shipping.", "Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17. It also has a relative atomic mass of 35.5. Chlorine is in the halogen group (17) and is the second lightest halogen following fluorine. The element is a yellow-green gas under standard conditions, where it forms diatomic molecules.", "Ingestion: Since chlorine is a gas at room temperature, it is unlikely that a severe exposure will result from ingestion. However, ingestion of chlorine dissolved in water (e.g., sodium hypochlorite or household bleach) will cause corrosive tissue damage of the gastrointestinal tract.", "Chlorine is supplied as a gas, liquid and a solid. The gas is 100 percent elemental chlorine (Cl2), and is supplied in 150 lb. cylinders (10 inches in diameter and about 55 inches high) and in 2,000 lb. (ton) containers (30 inches in diameter and 82 inches high).", "Summary: At room temperature, chlorine is a yellow-green gas that is heavier than air and has a strong irritating odor. It can be converted to a liquid under pressure or cold temperatures. Chlorine is mainly used as bleach in the manufacture of paper and cloth and to make a wide variety of products.", "You can buy SOLID chlorine crystals at the store for your swimming pool. These can be melted into a LIQUID. It is also possible to make chlorine GAS which is very toxic. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------. At normal conditions of temperature and pressure Chlorine is a gas.", "1 Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. 2 Chlorine has a pungent, irritating odor similar to bleach that is detectable at low concentrations. 3 The density of chlorine gas is approximately 2.5 times greater than air, which will cause it to initially remain near the ground in areas with little air movement." ], "url": [ "http://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/text_version/chemicals.php?id=8", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine", "http://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/chlorine_tech.htm", "http://www.wwdmag.com/chlorinechloramines/solid-liquid-or-gas-which-form-chlorine-best-me", "http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/substances/toxsubstance.asp?toxid=36", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_chlorine_a_solid_liquid_or_gas", "http://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/emergency/chemical_terrorism/chlorine_tech.htm" ] }

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[ "Red King" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Rory /ro-ry/ [2 sylls.] as a girls' name (also used more commonly as boys' name Rory) is of Latin origin, and the name Rory means dawn. Rory is an alternate spelling of Aurora (Latin). Compare surname Rary. Kreatif forms: Roria, Roru. ", "Origin of the name Rory: Anglcized form of Ruairi (ruairí, red-rust). Colored the name was born By Rory'O, conor the last high king Of, ireland who reigned from - 1166. 1170 From A world Of Baby names By Teresa. norman The name was born by Rory O'Conor, the last high king of Ireland, who reigned from 1166 - 1170. From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman.", "The name Rory is of Irish origin, and it means Red King . It's a name commonly given to both boys and girls. Rory Gallagher is a musician, songwriter, bandleader, and producer specializing in rock, blues, folk, and jazz music with the most prominent portion of his career being from 1963 to 1995. The highest recorded use of the name Rory was in 1959 with a total of 804 babies. According to the 1960 U.S. Social Security Administration data, the name Rory ranks #84 in popularity as a baby boy's name in North Dakota. Imagine that, 19 babies in North Dakota have the same name as you in 1960.", "Rory /ro-ry/ [2 sylls.] as a boys' name (also used less generally as girls' name Rory) is pronounced ROR-ee. It is of Irish and Gaelic origin, and the meaning of Rory is red king . Anglicized form of the Gaelic name Ruaidhr, Ruar (Irish) or Ruairidh, Ruaraidh (Scottish). Also used as a nickname for Roderick. Literary: tales of Rory O'More, 16th-century rebel chief, are celebrated in Irish poetry. Rorik is a Scandinavian and Slavic form", "The name Rory is a Teutonic baby name. In Teutonic the meaning of the name Rory is: Famous ruler. American Meaning: The name Rory is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Rory is: Famous ruler. Irish Meaning: The name Rory is an Irish baby name. In Irish the meaning of the name Rory is: Red. Sixteenth-century rebel chief Rory O'More is celebrated in Irish poetry. Gaelic Meaning: The name Rory is a Gaelic baby name. ", "Rory is a masculine given name of an Irish and Scottish origin. It is an Anglicised form of the Irish Gaelic name Ruaidhri/Ruaidhrí (ruairi ruairí), red king the name Of medieval Irish kings Ruaidri Ruaidrí na Saide Buide And, ruaidri ruaidrí Ua Conchobair And/The. scottish gaelic ruairidh ruaraidh ", "Origin of the name Rory: Anglcized form of Ruairi (ruairí, red-rust). Colored the name was born By Rory'O, conor the last high king Of, ireland who reigned from - 1166. 1170 From A world Of Baby names By Teresa. norman The name was born by Rory O'Conor, the last high king of Ireland, who reigned from 1166 - 1170. From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman.", "In Teutonic the meaning of the name Rory is: Famous ruler. Rory means Red King in Irish Gaelic. Rory means the Red Rebel Chief Rory O'More who is celebrated in Irish poetry. The name was born by Rory O'Conor, the last high king of Ireland, who reigned from 1166 - 1170. From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman.", "Meanings and history of the name Rory : | Edit. Rory is an Anglicized form of the Irish name Ruaidhri, which was the name of the last high king of Ireland, who got his name from his red hair (ruaidh means red and ri means king). Rory Elizabeth Katherine Kennedy (born December 12, 1968) is an award-winning documentary filmmaker and producer. The name was born by Rory O'Conor, the last high king of Ireland, who reigned from 1166 - 1170. From A World of Baby Names by Teresa Norman." ], "url": [ "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Rory", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/rory", "http://www.names.org/n/rory/about", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Rory", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/rory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rory_(given_name)", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/rory", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/rory", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/rory" ] }

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[ "145 °F" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Grill or broil chops for 7 to 11 minutes (or until a meat thermometer measures 145 degrees Fahrenheit) for medium rare. Cook lamb chops for 15 to 19 minutes (or until a meat thermometer measures 160 degrees Fahrenheit) for medium preparation.", "The proper temperature to cook a medium-rare steak is 130° - 135° F. Although, according to foodsafety.gov, beef, lamb, and pork should be cooked to at least 145° (or above, if desired). Ground meat must be cooked to at least 160° F. Ground poultry must be cooked to at least 165°.", "“For safety, the USDA recommends cooking lamb patties and ground lamb mixtures such as meat loaf to a safe minimum internal temperature of 160 °F as measured on a food thermometer. However, whole muscle meats such as roasts, steaks, and chops may be cooked to 145 °F (medium rare), 160 °F (medium), or 170 °F (well done). For approximate cooking times for use in meal planning, see the following chart compiled from various resources. Times are based on lamb at refrigerator temperature (40 °F). Remember that appliances and outdoor grills can vary in heat. Use a food thermometer to check for safe cooking and doneness of lamb.”.", "Chops and roasts should be cooked to 145 degrees fahrenheit (medium rare), 160 degrees fahrenheit (medium), or 170 degrees fahrenheit (well-done). Tasting the best: Serve the cooked lamb in a shiny platter with clean hands. Finally taste the wonderful dish that you have prepared.", "However, chops cooked to this temperature are medium-well, gray and tough. Cooking lamb chops to a pink, medium-rare temperature of 120 degrees to 125 degrees F still safely destroys any bacteria present on the surface of the meat. Meanwhile, bacteria is unlikely inside the chops.", "Cook the lamb chops for 3 minutes on the first side, flip the meat, and cook for another 3 minutes on the other side. Check the internal temperature of the lamb with the meat thermometer to ensure that it has reached a medium-rare temperature of 125 to 130 degrees Fahrenheit." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/way_5200407_lamb-cooking-temperatures-times.html", "http://southernfood.about.com/od/foodsafety/fl/Meat-and-Poultry-Temperature-Chart.htm", "http://startcooking.com/safe-cooking-temperatures-lamb", "http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2007/JannatulFerdaus.shtml", "http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/can-lamb-chops-pink-middle-21283.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/540059-how-to-grill-lamb-loin-chops-medium-rare/" ] }

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[ "70" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Goodbye and God bless to Joe Cocker from one of his friends peace and love. R ✌️ — Ringo Starr (@ringostarrmusic) December 22, 2014. Joe Cocker, the singer and songwriter whose hits included “You Are So Beautiful” and Up Where We Belong, has died of lung cancer, his agent, Barrie Marshall, confirmed to FOX411.", "Singer Joe Cocker has died at age 70, reports the BBC. The singer-songwriter best known for his cover of The Beatles' With a Little Help From My Friends, died after a battle with lung disease, reports The Yorkshire Post.", "Mr. Cocker was 70 years old. Joe Cocker was born 5/20/1944 in Sheffield, England where he lived until his early 20’s. In 2007 he was awarded the OBE by the Queen of England. His international success as a blues/rock singer began in 1964 and continues till this day.", "Joe Cocker, known for You Are So Beautiful and Feelin' Alright, has died at age 70. British vocalist Joe Cocker, whose blues-drenched, unfettered performances made him one of the most distinctive rock singers of the late '60s and early '70s, died Dec. 22 in Colorado. He was 70, and had been battling lung cancer.", "John Robert Cocker, known to family, friends, his community and fans around the world as Joe Cocker, passed away on December 22, 2014 after a hard fought battle with small cell lung cancer. Mr. Cocker was 70 years old, the statement said.", "Joe Cocker, who has died at 70, rocked Woodstock with his rendition of 'With a Little Help From My Friends'. Even by the wild and woolly standards of rock music in the late 1960s, there was nothing right about Joe Cocker's career-making performance at the Woodstock summer music festival in upstate New York.", "Singer Joe Cocker, best known for his cover of The Beatles' With A Little Help From My Friends, has died aged 70. The Sheffield-born singer had a career lasting more than 40 years, with hits including You Are So Beautiful and Up Where We Belong." ], "url": [ "http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2014/12/22/joe-cocker-dead-at-70/", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/22/joe-cocker-dead_n_6367648.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/22/joe-cocker-dead_n_6367648.html", "http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/chi-joe-cocker-dead-20141222-story.html", "http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/joe-cocker-dead-aged-70-20141223-12cilj.html", "http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-joe-cocker-20141223-story.html", "http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-30582761" ] }

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[ "1 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 2 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 3 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket. 4 Place the clean straw hat onto the work surface. 5 Using the dauber or other applicator, dip directly into the liquid dye.", "1 Clean the straw hat with a damp cloth, removing any dirt or residue that may interfere with dyeing. 2 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 3 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 4 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 5 Using the dauber or other applicator, dip directly into the liquid dye." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Do not use a colored cloth because there could be dye transfer from the cloth to the hat. 2 If you have a hat that is really dusty, place a piece of netting or pantyhose over the end of your vacuum brush and use it to dust the hat. 3 For oily stains, sprinkle the stain with cornstarch or talcum powder to absorb the oil. 1 Never leave your hat in your car or a very hot place as this can dry out the straw (or melt a synthetic straw) and cause it to become brittle and misshapen. 2 Always handle a hat with clean hands and by the brim, not the crown. 3 Constant pinching can break the fibers.", "1 Clean the straw hat with a damp cloth, removing any dirt or residue that may interfere with dyeing. 2 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 3 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 4 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 1 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 2 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 3 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 4 Place the clean straw hat onto the work surface. 5 Using the dauber or other applicator, dip directly into the liquid dye.", "The Dyeing Process. 1 Clean the straw hat with a damp cloth, removing any dirt or residue that may interfere with dyeing. 2 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 3 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 4 Place the clean straw hat onto the work surface. 5 Dab the dye evenly around the hat ... 1 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 2 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 3 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 4 Place the clean straw hat onto the work surface. 5 Using the dauber or other applicator, dip directly into the liquid dye.", "Add a small amount of dish detergent to a Bucket or the Sink and fill with hot water. Place parisisal in the in the soapy water. Let it Soak. 2. Add 1 quart water to the pot, Add 1 Tablespoon Dye. Cook for 15 minutes. 3. Add the rest of the water to the pot and stir, stir, stir until the dye is completely dissolved.", "The Dyeing Process. 1 Clean the straw hat with a damp cloth, removing any dirt or residue that may interfere with dyeing. 2 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 3 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 4 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 1 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 2 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 3 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 4 Place the clean straw hat onto the work surface. 5 Using the dauber or other applicator, dip directly into the liquid dye.", "When dry after blocking, apply a coat of straw sizing. If the straw is colored, use sizing of the same color. This will renew faded straw. Alternatively, use steam to put the shape back into a misshapen straw hat-even steam from a kettle held over the hat can help to reshape it. Tips. 1 Many straw braids can be cleaned by wiping off with cleaning fluid. 2 Steam press, pin hat to a flat surface and let dry. 3 Apply a coat of straw sizing and let dry. 4 To freshen a Milan hat, pin brim to a hard surface and steam press into shape.", "Use a wooden spoon to stir the hat around in the water. Leave the hat in the water for at least 10 minutes. Lift the hat out to check it and put it back in if you want a deeper shade. The hat can stay in the dye for up to one hour. Remove the hat from the dye. Rinse the hat under warm running water until the water runs clear off the hat. Put the hat in your dryer and spin it dry. The heat from the dryer will also help set the dye color. ", "1 Place the clean straw hat onto the work surface. 2 Using the dauber or other applicator, dip directly into the liquid dye. 3 Dab the dye evenly around the hat just as you would dab a sponge, letting the dye soak completely into the fibers. 4 Use even strokes to ensure a consistent color. 1 Cover the work surface in newspapers or a plastic cover. 2 Put on latex gloves to protect your skin. 3 Prepare the liquid dye bath in a bucket according to the manufacturer's instructions. 4 Place the clean straw hat onto the work surface. 5 Using the dauber or other applicator, dip directly into the liquid dye.", "A straw hat is a wonderful surface for paint. You can paint your hat a solid color to match a special occasion outfit or you can add cheerful hand-painted designs to a hat for casual wear. Women have been painting hats for years. " ], "url": [ "http://laundry.about.com/od/laundrybasics/qt/How-To-Clean-A-Straw-Fashion-Hat-Straw-Hat-Care.htm", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8754682_dye-straw-hat.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8754682_dye-straw-hat.html", "http://www.hatsupply.com/pdf/tutorials/how_to_dye_straw.pdf", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8754682_dye-straw-hat.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Clean-Straw-Hats", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8758576_dye-hats.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how_8754682_dye-straw-hat.html", "http://entertainmentguide.local.com/paint-straw-hat-6729.html" ] }

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[ "Velcro was invented by George de Mestral a Swiss electrical engineer in 1941." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Confidence votes 20.2K. The hook-loop fastener was invented in 1948 by Swiss engineer, Georges de Mestral who lived in Commugny, Switzerland. The idea came to him in 1941 after returning from a hunting trip with his dog in the Alps. He took a close look at the burrs (seeds) that kept sticking to his clothes and his dog's fur. A man named George de Mestral found burrs stuck to his pants and dog's fur after a nature hike in 1948. He studied the way the hook-like pattern of the burrs stuck to the clot … h of his pants under a microscope.", "Georges de Mestral (June 19, 1907 – February 8, 1990) was a Swiss electrical engineer who invented the hook and loop fastener. ", "Velcro was invented by George de Mestral a Swiss electrical engineer in 1941. This idea of inventing Velcro came to him when one day he returned after a walk from the hills and found cockleburs stuck to his clothes and his dog’s fur. George noticed its natural hook and loop quality and started making a fabric fastener on the same quality.", "See the original patent and drawings for the invention of Velcro. The invention of Velcro was created by Swiss engineer, George de Mestral. He received a patent from the Swiss government in 1955 and was subsequently granted patents from other countries around the world", "The original patented hook and loop fastener was invented in 1948 by the Swiss electrical engineer George de Mestral, who patented it in 1955 and subsequently refined and developed its practical manufacture until its commercial introduction in the late 1950s. Velcro Industries is a privately held worldwide corporation manufacturing consumer and industrial products. Among them is a series of mechanical-based fastening products, including a brand of fabric hook and loop fastener often colloquially referred to by the company name, Velcro.", "The inventor of velcro was a Swiss Engineer named George de Mestra who was born in 1907 and died just over 20 years ago in 1990. George de Mestra was a remarkable person, who was an inventor from a very young age. ", "In 1958, de Mestral filed for a patent application for his hook-and-loop fastener in Switzerland, which was granted in 1961. The term Velcro is a registered trademark of Velcro Industries B.V. Velcro Industries is a privately held worldwide corporation manufacturing consumer and industrial products. Among them is a series of mechanical-based fastening products, including a brand of fabric hook and loop fastener often colloquially referred to by the company name, Velcro.", "The Velcro® brand of hook and loop was invented by a man named George de Mestral in the 1940's while hunting in the Jura mountains in Switzerland. Mr. de Mestral, a Swiss engineer, realized that the tiny hooks of the cockle-burs were stuck on his pants and in his dog's fur and wondered how they attached themselves. De Mestral, along with help from friends in the weaving business, finally duplicated mother natures hook and loop fastener in the manufacturing plant. The result of his new invention was Velcro ® brand fasteners, from the French words for velvet velour, and hook, crochet.", "Velcro, which was invented by a Swiss Electrical Engineer George de Mestral, comprises two layers and when both these sides are hard-pressed together, they assist in fixing two surfaces. The thought to invent Velcro hits Mestral’s mind in the year 1941 after coming back from a hunting tour with his dog. ", "The hook-loop fastener was invented in 1948 by Swiss engineer, Georges de Mestral who lived in Commugny, Switzerland. The idea came to him in 1941 after returning from a hunti … ng trip with his dog in the Alps. He took a close look at the burrs (seeds) that kept sticking to his clothes and his dog's fur. " ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_Velcro", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_de_Mestral", "http://www.whoinvented.org/who-invented-velcro/", "http://www.inventor-strategies.com/invention-of-velcro.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velcro", "http://www.invention-help.com/who-invented-velcro", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velcro", "http://hookandloop.com/invention-velcro-brand/", "http://www.whoinventedthis.org/who-invented-velcro/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_invented_velcro_shoes" ] }

[]

[ "The name Lennon can refer to one of several individuals or groups: Anglicized from Irish O ó (“leannain leannáin Descendant (of)”) lover leannan LEANNáN And (“from o ó (Lionain)”)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Search comprehensively and find the name meaning of Lennon and its name origin or of any other name in our database. Also note the spelling and the pronunciation of the name Lennon and check the initials of the name with your last name to discover how it looks and sounds. If you consider naming your baby Lennon we recommend you take note of the special meaning and history of the name as your baby’s name will play a big role in its life and your baby will hear it spoken every day.", "The name Lennon can refer to one of several individuals or groups: Anglicized from Irish O ó (“leannain leannáin Descendant (of)”) lover leannan LEANNáN And (“from o ó (Lionain)”). 1 Lionáin Descendant (of–blackbird), lonan, lonán, john lennon 1940 1980 singer musician poet and Songwriter Famous. as a member of the beatles 1 John Lennon (1940–1980), singer, musician, poet and songwriter famous as a member of The Beatles. 2 Cynthia Lennon (1939–2015), John Lennon's first wife (born Cynthia Powell). 3 Julian Lennon (born 1963), John Lennon's first son, with Cynthia Powell. 4 Sean Lennon (born 1975), John Lennon's second son, with Yoko Ono.", "Recorded in several spelling forms including O'Lennon, O'Lennan, Lennon, Linnane and Lineen this interesting surname is Irish. It usually originated from the pre 10th century O'Leannain, a byname meaning lover, but may also be from O'Lonain, a diminutive of lon, meaning the blackbird. ", "Anglicized form of the Irish surname O ó, leannain leannáin which means Descendant. Of leannan Leannán the name leannan Leannán. Means lover in gaelic this surname Was Borne (by-musician), john lennon 1940 1980 A. member of the beatles Anglicized form of the Irish surname O ó, leannain leannáin which means Descendant. Of leannan Leannán the name leannan Leannán. m", "Gaelic name. In Gaelic, the name Lennon means-Little cloak.. Other origins for the name Lennon include-Gaelic, Irish, Irish.The name Lennon is most often used as a boy name or male name. Gaelic Name Meaning-Little cloak. Origin-Gaelic.", "The name Lennon can refer to one of several individuals or groups: Anglicized from Irish O ó (“leannain leannáin Descendant (of)”) lover leannan LEANNáN And (“from o ó (Lionain)”). lionáin descendant of blackbird lonan lonán 1 John Lennon (1940–1980), singer, musician, poet and songwriter famous as a member of The Beatles. 2 Cynthia Lennon (1939–2015), John Lennon's first wife (born Cynthia Powell). 3 Julian Lennon (born 1963), John Lennon's first son, with Cynthia Powell. 4 Sean Lennon (born 1975), John Lennon's second son, with Yoko Ono.", "Irish Meaning: The name Lennon is an Irish baby name. In Irish the meaning of the name Lennon is: Surname. Gaelic Meaning: The name Lennon is a Gaelic baby name. In Gaelic the meaning of the name Lennon is: Little cloak. SoulUrge Number: 11. Expression Number: 11. People with this name have a deep inner desire to inspire others in a higher cause, and to share their own strongly held views on spiritual matters", "Lennon Name Meaning. reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic O ó ‘leannain leannáin Descendant’, of leannan leannán ‘a byname’ (meaning little, ‘cloak’).less Likely sweetheart reduced Anglicized FORM Of ‘gaelic o ó’, lonain lonáin descendant of lonan lonán a personal ‘name’. from a diminutive of lon blackbird", "Lennon Name Meaning. The meaning of Lennon is “Descendant of Leannan or Lonan”. Keep in mind that many names may have different meanings in other countries and languages, so be careful that the name that you choose doesn’t mean something bad or unpleasant. If you consider naming your baby Lennon we recommend you take note of the special meaning and history of the name as your baby’s name will play a big role in its life and your baby will hear it spoken every day.", "Meanings and history of the name Lennon: | Edit. Either from the anglicized Irish surname O ó; leannain Leannáin the Gaelic name leannan.. Leannán means lover or It is an anglicized Variant of The, gaelic name lonan lonán.. which means little blackbird " ], "url": [ "http://www.thenamemeaning.com/lennon/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lennon_(name)", "http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Lennon", "http://www.behindthename.com/name/lennon", "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/gaelic-names/lennon.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lennon_(name)", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/lennon", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=lennon", "http://www.thenamemeaning.com/lennon/", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/boy/lennon" ] }

[]

[ "Yes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Electric Tumor Treatment Fields Sep 15 5 16% (2% grade 2, 0% grade 3/4); the post-marketing surveillance program (n = 570) revealed 156 (21.8%) dAEs with some patients reporting more than one event. Prophylactic strategies for dAEs include proper shaving and cleansing of the scalp and array relocation. Electric Tumor Treatment Fields Sep 15 4 category 2B recommendation (i.e., based on lower-level evidence, there is NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate). NCCN guidelines on Central Nervous System Cancers were recently updated (Version 1.2014).", "(November 2013). A transducer is a device that converts one form of energy to another. Energy types include (but are not limited to): electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic (including light), chemical, acoustic, and thermal energy. Transducers are widely used in measuring instruments. An actuator is a transducer that accepts energy and produces the kinetic energy of movement (action). The energy supplied to an actuator might be electrical or mechanical (pneumatic, hydraulic, etc.).", "Therapy implies the curing of a disease or malfunction of the body and includes prophylactic treatment like killing of germs, bacteria in or on the body by means of radiation as well as treatment of symptoms like pain (anaesthesia) by means of radiation. Protecting the functioning of electrical therapeutic stimulation devices, especially against MRI. This group only relates to protection (especially against MRI) for electrical therapeutic stimulation devices and not for other types of medical devices such as drug pumps.", "1 therapy implies that the treatment, when it aims at destroying sick or abnormal cells, is performed within the limits of healthy cell life, the destruction thereof being undesired, contrary to that which takes place with instruments, devices or methods covered by group A61B 18/00. ", "The NovoTTF-100A System was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in April 2011, as a novel device to treat adults with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) that recurs or progresses after receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Description/Scope. This document addresses electrical fields known as tumor treatment fields (TTF) that are created by low-intensity, intermediate frequency (100–200 kilohertz [kHz]) electric currents delivered to the malignant tumor site by insulated electrodes placed on the skin surface.", "Introduction: Recent investigations involving medical devices have brought increased attention to medical diathermy equipment. This ITG has been written to give those who are unfamiliar with high frequency electrical therapy equipment a fundamental knowledge of diathermy theory. The present informal position of the Food and Drug Administration is that a diathermy device should be capable of producing heat in tissue from a minimum of 104 F to a maximum of 114 F at a depth of two inches in not more than 20 minutes.", "Microwave diathermy produces heat in the body tissues through application of microwave energy to the concerned area. The microwave energy stimulates tissue molecules, as r.f. diathermy does, converting electrical energy to heat. The present informal position of the Food and Drug Administration is that a diathermy device should be capable of producing heat in tissue from a minimum of 104 F to a maximum of 114 F at a depth of two inches in not more than 20 minutes." ], "url": [ "https://www.healthnet.com/static/general/unprotected/pdfs/national/policies/ElectricTumorTreatmentFields.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transducer", "http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/cpc/html/defA61N.html", "http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/cpc/html/cpc-A61N.html", "https://www.anthem.com/medicalpolicies/policies/mp_pw_c141847.htm", "http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/Inspections/InspectionGuides/ucm071626.htm", "http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/Inspections/InspectionGuides/ucm071626.htm" ] }

[]

[ "Because the previous government structure under the Articles of Confederation was not working. Enough politicians agreed that a new constitution had to be created to better serve the people and deal with problems concerning the country." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "This article is about the original convention that created the U.S. Constitution. For that Constitution's yet-unused method of changing itself, see Convention to propose amendments to the United States Constitution. The Constitutional convention took place in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787. Rhode Island, fearing that the Convention would work to its disadvantage, boycotted the Convention and, when the Constitution was put to the states, initially refused to ratify it.", "In 1789, Madison, then a member of the newly established U.S. House of Representatives, introduced 19 amendments to the Constitution. On September 25, 1789, Congress adopted 12 of the amendments and sent them to the states for ratification. America Gets a Constitution. After several failed attempts at creating a government, a 1787 convention is called to draft a new legal system for the United States. This new Constitution provides for increased federal authority while still protecting the basic rights of its citizens.", "The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the creation of the United States Constitution, placing the Convention among the most significant events in the history of the United States. The Constitutional convention took place in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787. Rhode Island, fearing that the Convention would work to its disadvantage, boycotted the Convention and, when the Constitution was put to the states, initially refused to ratify it.", "The Constitution was created because the previous government structure under the Articles of Confederation was not working. Enough politicians agreed that a new constitution had to be created to better serve the people and deal with problems concerning the country. The US Supreme Court was mandated by Article III of the Constitution, but was actually created by Congress in the Judiciary Act of 1789.", "Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States. The Constitutional Convention (also known as the Philadelphia Convention, the Federal Convention, or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787 in Great Britain. The Constitutional convention took place in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787. Rhode Island, fearing that the Convention would work to its disadvantage, boycotted the Convention and, when the Constitution was put to the states, initially refused to ratify it.", "In 1870 the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution was passed. The reason for the amendment was to guarantee that all male citizens were eligible to vote regardless of race. Th … e amendment sought to remedy among other things the barriers placed against former slaves and others that kept them from voting. The US Supreme Court was mandated by Article III of the Constitution, but was actually created by Congress in the Judiciary Act of 1789.", "Constitution of the United States of America (1787). Download PDF of the Constitution. The Constitution was written in the summer of 1787 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, by delegates from 12 states, in order to replace the Articles of Confederation with a new form of government. The Constitution was a compact – though Federalists and Anti-Federalists disagreed over whether the states or the people were the agents of the compact. In September of 1787, it was sent to the states for ratification. Nine of the 13 states would have to ratify it for the Constitution to become effective for those ratifying states. The future was not certain at all—a debate began among the states over ratification", "Introduction. The U.S. Constitution established America’s national government and fundamental laws, and guaranteed certain basic rights for its citizens. It was signed on September 17, 1787, by delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, presided over by George Washington. America Gets a Constitution. After several failed attempts at creating a government, a 1787 convention is called to draft a new legal system for the United States. This new Constitution provides for increased federal authority while still protecting the basic rights of", "The Constitution was written and signed in 1787. It was a charter of government that came to be ratified by the states, and it continues to be the supreme law of the land. Both documents have played an important role in American history and the spread of democratic ideals around the world. This was the same place the Declaration of Independence was signed. The Constitution was written during the Philadelphia Convention—now known as the Constitutional Convention—which convened from May 25 to September 17, 1787. It was signed on" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)", "http://www.history.com/topics/constitution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_was_the_US_Constitution_created", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_was_the_US_Constitution_created", "https://billofrightsinstitute.org/founding-documents/constitution/", "http://www.history.com/topics/constitution", "http://constitutioncenter.org/learn/educational-resources/constitution-faqs" ] }

[]

[ "Amino acids" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Protein molecules are often very large and are made up of hundreds to thousands of amino acid units. Though large, the protein typically has a small working region, such as a pocket located on the three-dimensional surface of the folded protein chain which acts as a binding site.", "The sequence of amino acids in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. Protiens are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes even sulfur.", "Proteins, our most complex substances, are made up of varying combinations of nitrogen-containing amino acids. 1 There are twenty different amino acids that are important to the body. These twenty combine together in hundreds of intricate chemical patterns to create a variety of complex protein structures.", "Protein molecules are often very large and are made up of hundreds to thousands of amino acid units. The 20 amino acids are combined in different ways to make up the 100,000 or so different proteins in the human body.", "Knowledge center. Proteins are large molecules consisting of amino acids which our bodies and the cells in our bodies need to function properly. Our body structures, functions, the regulation of the body's cells, tissues and organs cannot exist without proteins.", "Proteins (also known as polypeptides) are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and folded into a globular form. The amino acids in a polymer are jo … ined together by the peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid residues.", "Proteins are made in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, there are proteins called ribosomes that link on to the mRNA and synthesize a protein. This process is called transla … tion. In eukaryotes however, translation also occurs on ribosomes which are situated on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum.", "Each protein has its own sequence of amino acids. Proteins are made of amino acids hooked end-to-end like beads on a necklace. To become active, proteins must twist and fold into their final, or native, conformation.. This final shape enables proteins to accomplish their function in your body.", "Amino Acids: The Building Blocks of Protein. There are a total of 20 different amino acids, and depending upon the sequence in which they appear, a specific job or function is carried out in your body. Think of amino acids as similar to the alphabet—26 letters that can be arranged in a million different ways." ], "url": [ "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/protein.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_proteins_made_of", "http://www.westonaprice.org/health-topics/abcs-of-nutrition/protein-building-blocks-of-the-body/", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/protein.html", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/196279.php", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_proteins_made_of", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Where_are_proteins_made_in_a_cell", "http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/structlife/chapter1.html", "http://life.familyeducation.com/protein/foods/48677.html" ] }

[]

[ "An internationally agreed system of identifying bank accounts across national borders to facilitate the communication and processing of cross border transactions with a reduced risk of transcription." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "a swift code is used to identify a specific bank during international transaction whereas iban is used to identify an individual account involved in the international transaction both play an essential role in ensuring the smooth running of the international financial market the main difference between an international bank account number iban and a society for worldwide interbank financial telecommunication swift code lies in what they identify", "iban stands for international bank account number it identifies an individual account at a specific financial institution in a particular country and is used to process financial transactions between institutions in different countries used correctly the iban facilitates faster payment processing an iban consists of up to 34 alphanumeric characters which include the following country code the iso international organization for standardization country code check digits two check digits provided by the issuing financial institution based on a calculation that takes into account the entire iban", "the international bank account number iban is an internationally agreed system of identifying bank accounts across national borders to facilitate the communication and processing of cross border transactions with a reduced risk of transcription errors the basic bank account number bban format is decided by the national central bank or designated payment authority of each country there is no consistency between the formats adopted the national authority may register its bban format with swift but is not obliged to do so it may adopt iban without registration", "an iban in danske bank consists of 22 characters which comprise the iso country code control key sort code the ordinary account number of 8 digits below is an example of how and iban is constructed for a fictional account in danske bank using sort code 951501 account number 12345678 you cannot automatically calculate an iban yourself as each bank might have different methods of registering their account numbers in the iban the iban appears on account statements and in the bank s online systems what is a bic a bic bank identifier code identifies the beneficiary s bank quickly and easily", "an iban is used in some countries to uniquely identify a customer s bank account the iban consists of an alphabetical country code followed by two digits and then up to thirty five characters for the bank account number for payments being sent from australia to an iban mandatory country an iban must be included ", "an iban allows for easy identification of the country the bank is situated in and the account number that is the recipient of the money transfer the iban also acts as a method of checking that the transaction details are correct the main difference between an international bank account number iban and a society for worldwide interbank financial telecommunication swift code lies in what they identify", "if you then press the create iban button the iban appears in the iban field to check an iban you have to type it in the iban input field and press the check iban button if it is valid the country the bank branch code and the account number appears in the corresponding fields if any input is invalid a message box appears and the destination fields of the action are cleare", "what is an iban iban stands for international bank account number and is a number attached to all accounts in the eu countries plus norway switzerland liechtenstein and hungary the iban is made up of a code that identifies the country the account belongs to the account holder s bank and the account number itself the iban makes it easier and faster to process cross border payments how is an iban constructed you cannot automatically calculate an iban yourself as each bank might have different methods of registering their account numbers in the iban the iban appears on account statements and in the bank s online systems what is a bic a bic bank identifier code identifies the beneficiary s bank quickly and easily", "an iban or international bank account number is a globally recognised sequence of letters and numbers used to process select cross border payments it was originally adopted by member states of the european union and has since been taken up by other countries " ], "url": [ "http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/100214/whats-difference-between-iban-and-swift-code.asp", "https://www.wellsfargo.com/com/international/resources/iban", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Bank_Account_Number", "https://www.danskebank.ie/en-ie/personal/day-to-day/payments/helpfulinformation/pages/what-is-iban-swift-bic.aspx", "https://www.commbank.com.au/support/faqs/84.html", "http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/100214/whats-difference-between-iban-and-swift-code.asp", "http://iban-rechner.eu/ibancalculator/iban.html", "https://www.danskebank.ie/en-ie/personal/day-to-day/payments/helpfulinformation/pages/what-is-iban-swift-bic.aspx", "http://www.westpac.com.au/faq/iban-number/" ] }

[]

[ "$50" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In contrast, the professional poker player has to take money out of his bankroll for housing, taxes, retirement, healthcare, vacations, and all their living expenses. What type of bankroll you need will depend on the reasons why you play poker in the first place. A beginner or casual player plays for fun and to learn. At this stage they play with what they can afford to spend for a hobby. Your Ability. The size of a bankroll also depends on how good a poker player you are. If you are a cash game player that wins 60% of the time, you obviously need a bigger bankroll than a player that wins 80% of the time. Loose players experience much higher variance than tight players.", "The amount you should deposit depends on what games you want to play. The great thing about online poker is that rooms can offer much smaller games than would ever be possible in a live poker room. That means players can get plenty of mileage out of a small poker deposit. ", "Become a Full Tilt player now and grab your poker bonus. Make your first deposit at Full Tilt and opt in to receive a 100% First Deposit Bonus of up to $600. Your bonus cash unlocks as you play real-money poker games, making the tables even more inviting than ever. Release your 100% matched deposit bonus of up to $600 in our online casino games. It’s simple – the more you play real-money casino games, the faster your bonus cash will be unlocked.", "1 Your winrate. 2 Basically “how good you are” at playing poker. 3 How often you play. 4 The more you play, the more you can win. 5 How many tables you multi-table. 6 The more tables you play at the more hands you can get in to your sessions. 7 More hands = more money. 8 The stakes you play for. ", "$50. Yes, with $50, you can build your way to fame and fortune in poker. If you can't scrape up $50, you shouldn't play real money games at all at this point. You're better off saving up until you can set aside the full amount, because I think it's important that you get started properly. 1 You may not be a winning player just yet. 2 You might not be interested in knowing how much you need to play $3/$6 - you might simply want to know what the smallest possible investment that you can realistically build a real bankroll with (without having to redeposit) is.", "Some play for money, some for prizes, some just for fun. Online poker is faster and less intimidating than live games, with more variations available any time of the day or night. Playing online poker is a snap. A poker table is displayed on your computer screen. 1 With online poker, you can play multiple tables at the same time. 2 Speed of play: Online poker operates at approximately 4 to 5 times the pace of offline poker. 3 You may also be multi-tabling, which means you could see as many as 20 times more hands than you would see in a live casino!", "For example, if you have $500 in your bankroll, that’s $25 per game, so $0.25/$0.50 is the level for you. Don’t buy-in at anything less than 50 times the big blind, or you’ll be playing defensively with a short stack (not exactly a rich learning experience). In cash games, big pots tend to mean big hands or big bluffs. ", "The $200 seems like a lot of money to play a full pay, quarter, 9/6 Jacks-or-Better machine for 2 hours. But that s the reality of video poker. It s a volatile game and if you have less bankroll, you run a greater risk of tapping out in the middle of your session. ", "The common rule for NL cash game players is 20BI. So if you play $1/$2 live cash games and buy in for 100bb, or $200, then you should have a bankroll of at least $4,000. And if you play $25NL on online and buy-in for 100bb then you should have a bankroll of at least $500. This rule ensures that you never buy-in at the table for more than 5% of your bankroll. If you don’t have the money or skill now, keep working to grow both your bankroll and ability. And one last note, is that you don’t have to bring your whole bankroll with you at all times. Just because you have $4,000 to play $1/$2 live doesn’t mean you need to bring 4K in cash with you the casino." ], "url": [ "http://www.pokerology.com/lessons/bankroll-management/", "http://www.legaluspokersites.com/faq/", "http://www.fulltilt.com/", "http://www.thepokerbank.com/articles/questions/how-much-win/", "https://www.cardschat.com/guide/how-much", "http://www.wsop.com/how-to-play-poker/", "https://www.partypoker.com/how-to-play/school/cash-games.html", "http://www.smartgaming.com/html/articles/videopokerbankroll.htm", "http://www.splitsuit.com/how-much-poker-money-do-you-need-to-play" ] }

[]

[ "Two hours or longer" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 2 Turn drumsticks over and add more garlic powder, pepper and salt (same as before). 3 Bake another half an hour (or until cooked til 160 degrees)). 1 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 2 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 3 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 4 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 5", "Roast drumsticks for approximately 30 to 40 minutes in an oven that’s preheated to 425 F. To make a one-dish meal, roast chicken drumsticks on a bed of sliced or cubed potatoes and flavorful vegetables such as chopped kale, sliced onions and minced garlic. Arrange the drumsticks in a single layer and broil them for 15 to 30 minutes, turning the drumsticks periodically. You can broil chicken that’s been seasoned with a dry rub; toss it with olive oil and fresh herbs or marinate it for two hours or longer in your favorite marinade before broiling it.", "1 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 2 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 3 Turn drumsticks over and add more garlic powder, pepper and salt (same as before). 4 Bake another half an hour (or until cooked til 160 degrees)). 1 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 2 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 3 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 4 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 5", "Directions. 1 Put some olive oil in the bottom of a 9X13 pan (just enough to put the drumsticks on). 2 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 3 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 4 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 5 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 1 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 2 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 3 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 4 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 5 Turn drumsticks over and add more garlic powder, pepper and salt (same as before).", "Baking the Chicken: Preheat the oven to 400°F. Bake the chicken, uncovered, for 35 to 40 minutes or until the chicken is no longer pink inside. You can bake the chicken legs in a 375°F. oven, if desired. Increase the baking time to 45 to 50 minutes. Tip: An accurate way to check chicken doneness is to insert an instant-read thermometer into the thigh, avoiding the bone. It should read 180°F when the chicken is done.", "1 Pour the oil into a 9x13 inch baking dish. 2 Add the chicken to the dish and sprinkle with paprika to taste. 3 Bake in the preheated oven for 30 minutes, then turn pieces over and bake for another 30 minutes. 4 Remove from oven and drain on paper towels. 1 Add the chicken to the dish and sprinkle with paprika to taste. 2 Bake in the preheated oven for 30 minutes, then turn pieces over and bake for another 30 minutes. 3", "Baking your Chicken Legs... Preheat the oven to 400°F. Bake the chicken, uncovered, for 35 to 40 minutes or until the chicken is no longer pink inside. You can bake the chicken legs in a 375°F. oven, if desired. Increase the baking time to 45 to 50 minutes. Tip: An accurate way to check chicken doneness is to insert an instant-read thermometer into the thigh, avoiding the bone. It should read 180°F when the chicken is done.", "Bake the chicken. Put the chicken in the oven and set a timer for 30 minutes. Check the chicken after 30 minutes. It should be ready when the skin is crispy and golden brown, or when the internal temperature has reached 180 degrees. Use a meat thermometer to check the temperature. Use tongs to coat them in the mixture. Bake the chicken for 30 minutes. 1 Remember to use oven mitts to protect your hands when you remove the pan from the oven. 2 Place the hot pan on a potholder or trivet.", "Directions. 1 Put some olive oil in the bottom of a 9X13 pan (just enough to put the drumsticks on). 2 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 3 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 4 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 5 Bake another half an hour (or until cooked til 160 degrees)). 1 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 2 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 3 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 4 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 5 Turn drumsticks over and add more garlic powder, pepper and salt (same as before)." ], "url": [ "http://www.food.com/recipe/simple-baked-chicken-drumsticks-443758", "http://www.ehow.com/how_5124132_cook-chicken-drumsticks-oven.html", "http://www.food.com/recipe/simple-baked-chicken-drumsticks-443758", "http://www.food.com/recipe/simple-baked-chicken-drumsticks-443758", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-oven-bake-chicken-legs/", "http://allrecipes.com/recipe/8841/oven-fried-chicken-ii/", "http://community.tasteofhome.com/community_forums/f/29/p/176779/7366133.aspx", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-Chicken-Legs", "http://www.food.com/recipe/simple-baked-chicken-drumsticks-443758" ] }

[]

[ "Secretion is the process of elaborating, releasing, and oozing chemicals, or a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Medical Definition of SECRETION. 1. : the process of segregating, elaborating, and releasing some material either functionally specialized (as saliva) or isolated for excretion (as urine). 2. : a product of secretion formed by an animal or plant; especially: one performing a specific useful function in the organism. 1. a: the process of segregating, elaborating, and releasing some material either functionally specialized (as saliva) or isolated for excretion (as urine) b", "Secretion (noun). the act of secreting; the process by which material is separated from the blood through the agency of the cells of the various glands and elaborated by the cells into new substances so as to form the various secretions, as the saliva, bile, and other digestive fluids.", "2. material that is secreted, such as sebum (the fatty substance produced by the sebaceous glands to lubricate the skin), saliva (produced by the salivary glands), and gastric juice (secreted by specialized glands of the stomach). One example is the fatty substance produced by the sebaceous glands to lubricate the skin. Saliva, produced by the salivary glands, and gastric juice, secreted by specialized glands of the stomach, are both used in digestion.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Secretion is the process of elaborating, releasing, and oozing chemicals, or a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast to excretion, the substance may have a certain function, rather than being a waste product. Secretion in bacterial species means the transport or translocation of effector molecules for example: proteins, enzymes or toxins (such as cholera toxin in pathogenic bacteria for example Vibrio cholerae) from across the interior (cytoplasm or cytosol) of a bacterial cell to its exterior.", "Definition. noun, plural: secretions. (1) The physiological process of synthesizing and eventually releasing substances from the interior of a cell to its exterior. (2) The substance secreted. Supplement. In eukaryotes, cells primarily involved in secretion have well-developed endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. In prokaryotes, such as bacteria, secretion occurs by releasing substances from the bacterial cell interior to its external environment. Word origin: Latin secretio, from secernere (to secrete). Compare: 1 excretion.", "(Of a cell, gland, or organ) produce and discharge (a substance): insulin is secreted in response to rising levels of glucose in the blood. More example sentences. Synonyms. 1 Melatonin, produced naturally from the amino acid tryptophan, is a hormone secreted by a gland in the brain. 2 Natural interferons are a group of small proteins secreted by cells following viral infection. 3 Sweat is secreted by glands in the skin when it is necessary to lose excess heat from the body. 1", "Secretion. Secretion is the process of elaborating, releasing, and oozing chemicals, or a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast to excretion, the substance may have a certain function, rather than being a waste product. the act of secreting; the process by which material is separated from the blood through the agency of the cells of the various glands and elaborated by the cells into new substances so as to form the various secretions, as the saliva, bile, and other digestive fluids.", "2. any substance produced by secretion. One example is the fatty substance produced by the sebaceous glands to lubricate the skin. Saliva, produced by the salivary glands, and gastric juice, secreted by specialized glands of the stomach, are both used in digestion.", "Full Definition of SECRETION. 1. a: the process of segregating, elaborating, and releasing some material either functionally specialized (as saliva) or isolated for excretion (as urine) b: a product of secretion formed by an animal or plant; especially: one performing a specific useful function in the organism. 2" ], "url": [ "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/secretion", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/secretion", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/secretion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretion", "http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Secretion", "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/secrete", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/secretion", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/secretion", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/secretion" ] }

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[ "Intravascular Hemolysis" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It is thus the intravascular component of volume contraction (or loss of blood volume due to things such as hemorrhaging or dehydration), but, as it also is the most essential one, hypovolemia and volume contraction are sometimes used synonymously. Hypovolemia can be recognized by tachycardia, diminished blood pressure, and the absence of perfusion as assessed by skin signs (skin turning pale) and/or capillary refill on forehead, lips and nail beds. The patient may feel dizzy, faint, nauseated, or very thirsty.", "However, in minority of cases the red blood cells are destroyed due to mechanical damage, external toxins, parasites that enter the cell or immune proteins (complement) that attach to the blood cell and triggers its destruction. This is known as intravascular hemolysis. More prominent symptoms are seen in cases where there is rapid and massive red blood cell destruction. Signs and symptoms include 1 : Shortness of breath. 2 Easily fatigued. 3 Chest pain. 4 Rapid heart rate. 5 Red to brown or dark yellow color of the urine. 6 Jaundice – yellow discoloration of the skin and eye. 7 Enlarged spleen and/or liver.", "Antemortem extravascular blood discoloration. discoloration before death occuring on the outside of the blood vascular system; ecchymosis, hematomea, petechia, Tardieu spots (are pinpoint hemorrhages seen in areas of advance livor mortis. The pinpoint are the capillaries rupturing leaving darks spots. radium (red discoloration), methylene blue (blue discoloration), sulfa (yellow discolorations), atabrine (brown discoloration). Blood discoloration such as ecchymosis, purpura, results from the breakdown of capillaries by the drugs, often capillaries are fragile and bruising occurs easily.", "To move the current card to one of the three colored boxes, click on the box. You may also press the UP ARROW key to move the card to the Know box, the DOWN ARROW key to move the card to the Don't know box, or the RIGHT ARROW key to move the card to the Remaining box. Welcome to StudyStack, where users create FlashCards and share them with others. Click on the large flashcard to flip it over. Then click the green, red, or yellow box to move the current card to that box.", "Hemolytic anemia is a low level of circulating red blood cells due to its premature and often excessive destruction. The rate at which the red blood cells are destroyed are greater than the rate of its production in the bone marrow. This leads to a net loss and ultimately deficiency of red blood cells. More prominent symptoms are seen in cases where there is rapid and massive red blood cell destruction. Signs and symptoms include 1 : Shortness of breath. 2 Easily fatigued. 3 Chest pain. 4 Rapid heart rate. 5 Red to brown or dark yellow color of the urine. 6 Jaundice – yellow discoloration of the skin and eye. 7 Enlarged spleen and/or liver.", "Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias. This type of hemolytic anemia occurs with red blood cell auto-antibodies which “mark” the red blood cell for destruction. It often occurs for no known reason and is termed idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. It may, however, be seen with certain autoimmune diseases (secondary). More prominent symptoms are seen in cases where there is rapid and massive red blood cell destruction. Signs and symptoms include 1 : Shortness of breath. 2 Easily fatigued. 3 Chest pain. 4 Rapid heart rate. 5 Red to brown or dark yellow color of the urine. 6 Jaundice – yellow discoloration of the skin and eye. 7 Enlarged spleen and/or liver.", "The main intravascular fluid in mammals is blood, a complex fluid with elements of a suspension (blood cells), colloid (globulins) and solutes (glucose and ions). The average volume of plasma in the average (70 kg) male is approximately 3.5 liters. The intracellular compartment is the space within the organism's cells; it is separated from the extracellular compartment by cell membrane. About two thirds of the human body's water is held in its cells and the remainder is found in the extracellular compartment.", "Livor mortis. Cadaveric Lividity; postmortem, intravascular, red-blue discoloration resulting from hypostasis of blood; the change that occurs in the latter parts of the death process, postmortem physical change, gravitational pull of blood. radium (red discoloration), methylene blue (blue discoloration), sulfa (yellow discolorations), atabrine (brown discoloration). Blood discoloration such as ecchymosis, purpura, results from the breakdown of capillaries by the drugs, often capillaries are fragile and bruising occurs easily.", "An instrument which is inserted into the artery for the introduction of fluid. an arterial tube. 4. An instrument which may be used to guide an arterial or vein tube into a vessel is the. groove director. 5. The purpose of embalming analysis is to determine. the proper embalming techniques and chemicals to use. 6. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_depletion", "http://www.healthhype.com/red-blood-cell-destruction-hemolytic-anemia.html", "https://quizlet.com/12374932/discoloration-flash-cards/", "http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-841857", "http://www.healthhype.com/red-blood-cell-destruction-hemolytic-anemia.html", "http://www.healthhype.com/red-blood-cell-destruction-hemolytic-anemia.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extravascular_fluid", "https://quizlet.com/12374932/discoloration-flash-cards/", "http://www.studystack.com/flashcard-666979" ] }

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[ "Membrane immunoglobulin (mIg)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 IgD molecules are located on the surface membranes of mature B cells. 2 The heavy chain type in IgD is a delta chain. 3 IgE: Found mostly in saliva and mucus, these antibodies are involved in allergic responses to antigens. 4 The heavy chain type in IgE is an epsilon chain. The antigen-binding site is the area of the antibody that recognizes and binds to the antigen. Photo Credit: Image Credit: Darryl Leja, NHGRI. Antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) are specialized proteins that travel thorough the blood stream and are found in bodily fluids. They are utilized by the immune system to identify and defend against foreign intruders to the body", "An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shape protein produced by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the harmful agent, called an antigen, via the variable region. The membrane-bound form of an antibody may be called a surface immunoglobulin (sIg) or a membrane immunoglobulin (mIg). It is part of the B cell receptor (BCR), which allows a B cell to detect when a specific antigen is present in the body and triggers B cell activation.", "an·ti·bod·y. A protein produced in the blood or tissues in response to the presence of a specific foreign antigen. Antibodies provide immunity against certain microorganisms and toxins by binding with them and often by deactivating them. Also called immunoglobulin. ", "Though strictly speaking, an antibody is not the same as an immunoglobulin; B cells can produce two types of immunoglobulins-surface immunoglobulins, which are B cell receptors; and secreted immunoglobulins, which are antibodies. So antibodies are one of two classes of immunoglobulins. The membrane-bound form of an antibody may be called a surface immunoglobulin (sIg) or a membrane immunoglobulin (mIg). It is part of the B cell receptor (BCR), which allows a B cell to detect when a specific antigen is present in the body and triggers B cell activation.", "In response to specific antigens, immunoglobulins are formed in the bone marrow, spleen, and all lymphoid tissues except the thymus. Classes of immunoglobulins are IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM. Also called immune serum globulin. See also antibody, antigen, immunity. IgG is the most abundant of the five classes of immunoglobulins, representing about 80% of serum immunoglobulin protein. It is the major antibody in the secondary humoral response of immunity, serves to activate the complement system, and is frequently involved in opsonization.", "What It Is. An immunoglobulin test measures the level of certain immunoglobulins, or antibodies, in the blood. Antibodies are proteins made by the immune system to fight antigens, such as bacteria, viruses, and toxins. The body makes different immunoglobulins to combat different antigens. 1 Immunoglobulin M (IgM) , which is found mainly in the blood and lymph fluid, is the first antibody to be made by the body to fight a new infection. 2 Immunoglobulin E (IgE) , which is associated mainly with allergic reactions (when the immune system overreacts to environmental antigens such as pollen or pet dander).", "Definition: Immunoglobulin (IgE) Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of protein in the body called an antibody. Blood Test: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) The immunoglobulin E (IgE) test is often performed as part of an initial screen for allergies. 1 Immunoglobulin M (IgM) , which is found mainly in the blood and lymph fluid, is the first antibody to be made by the body to fight a new infection. 2 Immunoglobulin E (IgE) , which is associated mainly with allergic reactions (when the immune system overreacts to environmental antigens such as pollen or pet dander).", "Antibodies recognize specific antigens by identifying certain areas on the surface of the antigen known as antigenic determinants. Once the specific antigenic determinant is recognized, the antibody will bind to the determinant. The antigen is tagged as an intruder and labeled for destruction by other immune cells. The antigen-binding site is the area of the antibody that recognizes and binds to the antigen. Photo Credit: Image Credit: Darryl Leja, NHGRI. Antibodies (also called immunoglobulins) are specialized proteins that travel thorough the blood stream and are found in bodily fluids. They are utilized by the immune system to identify and defend against foreign intruders to the body" ], "url": [ "http://biology.about.com/od/molecularbiology/ss/antibodies.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Surface+immunoglobulin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/immunoglobulin", "http://www.childrensdayton.org/cms/kidshealth/442f5074f35a6e15/index.html", "http://www.childrensdayton.org/cms/kidshealth/442f5074f35a6e15/index.html", "http://biology.about.com/od/molecularbiology/ss/antibodies.htm" ] }

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[ "No" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Before sealing your countertops, it’s important to first make sure that they’re clean and dry. Rock Doctor’s line of specially formulated products for cleaning, polishing, and sealing granite are perfect to care for your granite countertops. In general, granite countertops only need to be sealed about once a year, or even every 18 months. More porous granites, however, might benefit from slightly more frequent sealing. A good test is to leave a paper towel soaked in water or mineral oil on your countertop for a few minutes.", "A good way to test the sealant's effectiveness on your Granite countertops is to spill water on a small area. If the water beads up, Granite countertops are still sealed. If the water starts to seep into the Granite, causing the Granite to appear darker, it is time to re-seal. Depending upon usage, your Granite countertops should be sealed twice a year. Cabinets and Countertops recommend sealing every 6 months because some household cleaners may cause your sealer's bond to weaken.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Most granite should be sealed to make it less prone to staining, and to reduce water absorption. On our granite countertops I noticed that water would create temporary dark spots on the granite if left on the surface. After I sealed the granite, water beaded up. This Old House general contractor Tom Silva has had granite countertops in his kitchen for years, and says they really don't take a lot of care. Maybe it will help someone. I found a website that helped my granite a lot. Over at http://www.myinstalledcountertops.com/ they have a section about how to seal your granite countertop.", "Always test the absorbency of your granite before you apply a sealer. There are many varieties of granite, and a large percentage of them are actively harmed by sealer. That said, if your granite does absorb water or oil rapidly, a penetrating sealer will make maintenance much easier. 1 Seal if either test darkens the granite. 2 If the water doesn't soak in, don't seal it anyway just in case.. 3 The sealer needs to soak into the stone to be effective, and if it can't, you'll end up with an ugly, hazy residue.", "Granite Care and Maintenance The Granite you have purchased for your home is an investment that will give you many years of beautiful service. Granite is a natural product and requires some special considerations, but simple care and maintenance will keep your Granite Countertops looking beautiful. Depending upon usage, your Granite countertops should be sealed twice a year. Cabinets and Countertops recommend sealing every 6 months because some household cleaners may cause your sealer's bond to weaken.", "At Countertops And Cabinetry By Design, we recommend that you seal your Granite at least once a year. If you prepare dinner every night, your Kitchen Countertops may need to be sealed twice a year. However, some colors require less sealing than others. ", "Sealing Granite Countertops. Although most granite countertops don't need to be sealed, it does help the stone resist dirt and spills, which can cause etching and staining [source: Marble Institute of America ]. By its nature, granite is moisture-resistant -- however, it's also porous. Sealants block liquids from seeping into the granite", "There is no such thing as a safe, stain-proof sealer for granite, but a good sealer will give you the time you need to wipe up spills before they are absorbed. Note that sealing has nothing to do with how shiny your countertops are; this is caused by polishing. Ad. 1 Seal if either test darkens the granite. 2 If the water doesn't soak in, don't seal it anyway just in case.. 3 The sealer needs to soak into the stone to be effective, and if it can't, you'll end up with an ugly, hazy residue.", "The Real Test. The subject of sealing granite countertops and natural stone is full of conflict, confusion, controversy and even a little hysteria! Most people don't know how a sealer works and with so many opinions flying around the internet, it's hard to know what to do. " ], "url": [ "http://rockdoctor.com/why-should-i-seal-my-granite-countertop/", "http://www.cabinetsandcountertops.com/countertop.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080325070448AAbHHEz", "http://www.wikihow.com/Seal-Granite-Countertops", "http://www.cabinetsandcountertops.com/countertop.html", "http://cacbydesign.com/resources/frequently-asked-questions/", "http://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/construction/materials/granite-countertops3.htm", "http://www.wikihow.com/Seal-Granite-Countertops", "http://www.countertopspecialty.com/sealing-granite-countertops.html" ] }

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[ "Bromelain is a protein-digesting (proteolytic) enzyme complex found in the fruit and, in higher concentrations, in the stem of the pineapple (Ananas comosus).It is able to hydrolyze or break down a wide variety of protein types in a range of both acid and alkaline environments." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Overview. Bromelain is a mixture of enzymes found in pineapples (Ananas comosus) that digest protein (proteolytic). Pineapple has been used for centuries in Central and South America to treat indigestion and reduce inflammation. ", "Pineapple-image from Shutterstock. Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme (an enzyme that digests proteins) found in fresh pineapple. It is often used to treat muscle injuries and as a digestive aid. ROLE IN ANTI-AGING: Bromelain is a natural anticoagulant that works by breaking down the blood-clotting protein fibrin. Bromelain aids digestion by enhancing the effects of the digestive enzymes trypsin and pepin. It can also help to prevent heartburn by ease diarrhea, if either are caused by a deficiency of digestive enzymes. Bromelain supplements often contain a plant pigment called quercetin.", "Bromelain is a protein extract derived from the stems of pineapples, although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit. The extract has a history of folk medicine use. As a culinary ingredient, it may be used as a meat tenderizer. Along with papain, bromelain is one of the most popular proteases to use for meat tenderizing. Bromelain is sold in a powdered form, which is combined with a marinade, or directly sprinkled on the uncooked meat.", "Bromelain extract is a mixture of protein-digesting (proteolytic) enzymes or proteases, and several other substances in smaller quantities. The proteolytic enzymes are sulfhydryl proteases; a free sulfhydryl group of a cysteine amino acid side chain is required for function. Along with papain, bromelain is one of the most popular proteases to use for meat tenderizing. Bromelain is sold in a powdered form, which is combined with a marinade, or directly sprinkled on the uncooked meat.", "Bromelain seems to cause the body to produce substances that fight pain and swelling (inflammation). Bromelain also contains chemicals that interfere with the growth of tumor cells and slow blood clotting. Bromelain is POSSIBLY SAFE for most people when taken in appropriate amounts. Bromelain may cause some side effects, such as diarrhea and stomach and intestinal discomfort. Bromelain may also cause allergic reactions, especially in people who have other allergies.", "Share. Bromelain is a protein-digesting (proteolytic) enzyme complex found in the fruit and, in higher concentrations, in the stem of the pineapple (Ananas comosus). It is able to hydrolyze or break down a wide variety of protein types in a range of both acid and alkaline environments. Many of bromelain’s benefits; however, are actually based on absorption of the intact enzyme in the small intestine; it is this absorption makes possible its systemic effects such as reducing redness.", "Bromelain: Enemy of Proteins Everywhere. Columbus first laid eyes on a pineapple in 1493, although pineapple wasn't native to the Caribbean islands where they met [source: Kew ]. Though commonly thought of as a traditional Hawaiian food, the sweet, spiky fruit originally hails from Brazil. They discovered that bromelain is quite effective at dividing proteins such as the collagen in steak, as well as in your tongue. Although bromelain is found in every part of the pineapple, it's most plentiful in the stem.", "Some people use a product (Phlogenzym) for arthritis (osteoarthritis) that combines bromelain with trypsin (a protein) and rutin (a substance found in buckwheat). Bromelain used in this way seems to reduce pain and improve knee function in people with arthritis. Bromelain is POSSIBLY SAFE for most people when taken in appropriate amounts. Bromelain may cause some side effects, such as diarrhea and stomach and intestinal discomfort. Bromelain may also cause allergic reactions, especially in people who have other allergies." ], "url": [ "http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/bromelain", "http://www.worldhealth.net/news/bromelain_pineapple_enzyme/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromelain", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromelain", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-895-BROMELAIN.aspx?activeIngredientId=895&activeIngredientName=BROMELAIN", "http://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/bromelain/", "http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/edible-innovations/pineapple-enzyme-tenderize-steak1.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-895-BROMELAIN.aspx?activeIngredientId=895&activeIngredientName=BROMELAIN" ] }

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[ "It is used for design, engineering, and entertainment as well as a line of software for consumers, including Sketchbook, Homestyler, and Pixlr." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "How to Use AutoCAD. AutoCAD is a computer-aided drafting software program that enables the user to create precise 2- and 3-dimensional drawings used in construction and manufacturing. You can run the most-recent version of AutoCAD on your Mac or PC. People who learn how to use AutoCAD can create scaled drawings that are used to manufacture equipment, plan infrastructure projects, design electrical circuitry, and build homes and commercial structures.", "1 On August 6, 2002, Autodesk acquired CAiCE Software Corporation, a developer of surveying and engineering applications for transportation agencies and consultants, for approximately $10 million in cash. 2 On December 18, 2002, Autodesk acquired the assets of truEInnovations, Inc for an undisclosed amount. 1 On September 24, 2001, Autodesk acquired Buzzsaw for $18 million. 2 On February 21, 2002, Autodesk acquired Revit Technology Corporation a Massachusetts-based developer of parametric building technology for building design, construction, and management, for $133", "In the event that Autodesk releases an AutoCAD 2013 software service pack, it is easy to access and install it using the Autodesk Exchange feature within the product. Check the Autodesk Exchange window to see if an update is available. AutoCAD 2013 automatically recognizes if you have the most up-to-date release and prompts you if there is an update available. When you click the link, AutoCAD 2013 automatically downloads and installs the update.", "AutoCAD was derived from a program begun in 1977 and released in 1979 called Interact CAD, also referred to in early Autodesk documents as MicroCAD, which was written prior to Autodesk's (then Marinchip Software Partners) formation by Autodesk cofounder Mike Riddle. AutoCAD LT is the lower cost version of AutoCAD, with reduced capabilities, first released in November 1993. Autodesk developed AutoCAD LT to have an entry-level CAD package to compete in the lower price level. AutoCAD LT, priced at $495, became the first AutoCAD product priced below $1000.", "AutoCAD is used across a wide range of industries, by architects, project managers, engineers, graphic designers, and other professionals. It is supported by 750 training centers worldwide as of 1994. AutoCAD LT is the lower cost version of AutoCAD, with reduced capabilities, first released in November 1993. Autodesk developed AutoCAD LT to have an entry-level CAD package to compete in the lower price level. AutoCAD LT, priced at $495, became the first AutoCAD product priced below $1000.", "The company was founded in 1982 by John Walker, a coauthor of the first versions of AutoCAD, the company's flagship computer-aided design (CAD) software. Its AutoCAD and Revit software is primarily used by architects, engineers, and structural designers to design, draft, and model buildings and other structures. Autodesk software has been used in many fields, from the New York Freedom Tower to Tesla electric cars. 1 On September 24, 2001, Autodesk acquired Buzzsaw for $18 million. 2 On February 21, 2002, Autodesk acquired Revit Technology Corporation a Massachusetts-based developer of parametric building technology for building design, construction, and management, for $133 million in cash.", "AutoCAD on Subscription. Pay as you go on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis for AutoCAD on Desktop Subscription. Our recommended plans make it easy to pair AutoCAD with project collaboration software and advanced support in just 1 click. ", "The full featured version of AutoCAD 2013 for Mac, however, is not available through the Mac App Store due to the price limit of $999 set by Apple. AutoCAD 2014 for Mac is available for purchase from Autodesk's Web site for $4,195 and AutoCAD LT 2014 for Mac for $1,200, or from an Autodesk Authorized Reseller. AutoCAD LT is the lower cost version of AutoCAD, with reduced capabilities, first released in November 1993. Autodesk developed AutoCAD LT to have an entry-level CAD package to compete in the lower price level. AutoCAD LT, priced at $495, became the first AutoCAD product priced below $1000.", "Yes. Autodesk allows you to redistribute Autodesk Design Review software, subject to the terms and conditions of the end-user license agreement that accompanies the download of the software. You can use this graphic and link to http://www.autodesk.com/designreview-download. ", "Autodesk became best known for AutoCAD but now develops a broad range of software for design, engineering, and entertainment as well as a line of software for consumers, including Sketchbook, Homestyler, and Pixlr. 1 On September 24, 2001, Autodesk acquired Buzzsaw for $18 million. 2 On February 21, 2002, Autodesk acquired Revit Technology Corporation a Massachusetts-based developer of parametric building technology for building design, construction, and management, for $133 million in cash." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Use-AutoCAD", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodesk", "http://wam.autodesk.com/adsk/files/autocad_2013_faq_en.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodesk", "http://www.autodesk.com/products/autocad/overview", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD", "http://images.autodesk.com/adsk/files/design_review_2013_faq_en.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodesk" ] }

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[ "It works by turning on a heating element that's integrated into the evaporator coil in the appliance's freezer." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "If your refrigerator is stuck in a defrost cycle the timer will be the reason. It's the only part that controls the defrost system as to when it goes into a defrost and out of defrost. It's a simple procedure to manually advance it out of defrost. First unplug the unit from the wall outlet. The refrigerator does have a defrost timer that causes the unit to go into a defrost cycle every 10 hours of cumulative compressor run time. The defrost cycle will normally take about 30 minutes.", "During the cooling mode, the defrost timer closes a contact to the compressor circuit so it will run. The circuit to the defrost heater is open. While in this mode, the thermostat (a.k.a. cold control) cycles the compressor and fan motors on and off to maintain an appropriate temperature. How does a frost free refrigerator's defrost system work? There are many separate components in a refrigerator's defrost system that must work in concert for a frost free system to work properly. We will attempt to explain the workings using simplified electrical schematics.", "Some defrost timers are an accumulative run timer, which means when the refrigerator is off the defrost timer is off and not running, when the refrigerator is running the defrost timer is running. If the timer in this case is a 10 hr timer, it will cycle into a defrost when the compressor has been running for 10 hrs. ", "Given your symptoms, it is likely that the defrost timer has failed. The refrigerator does have a defrost timer that causes the unit to go into a defrost cycle every 10 hours of cumulative compressor run time. The defrost cycle will normally take about 30 minutes.", "Auto-defrost, automatic defrost or self-defrosting is a technique which regularly defrosts the evaporator in a refrigerator or freezer. Appliances using this technique are often called frost free, frostless or no-frost. ", "The timer remains in the defrost cycle until the timer advances back to the cooling mode. Since the limit switch is open, the heaters are no longer on for the rest of the cycle. When the timer again advances back into the cooling mode, the compressor will start to run along with any air circulation fans. How does a frost free refrigerator's defrost system work? There are many separate components in a refrigerator's defrost system that must work in concert for a frost free system to work properly. We will attempt to explain the workings using simplified electrical schematics.", "How it Works: The defrost control board determines how often to run the defrost cycle. If the board fails, the refrigerator will not go into the defrost cycle. Before replacing the defrost control board, first test the defrost heater and defrost thermostat. If the defrost heater and defrost thermostat are working properly, the defrost control board is likely defective. If the defrost sensor fails to shut off the defrost heater, the fuse will blow in order to shut off the defrost heater. If the defrost sensor fuse blows, the defrost system will not work, and the refrigerator will not defrost.", "REFRIGERATOR DEFROST CYCLE DIAGNOSIS If you bypassed the Warning & Disclaimer page, please read it now. (Required) NOTE: Most newer refrigerators use electronic devices to control the defrost system. If your refrigerator does not have a defrost timer, do not attempt this diagnosis procedure. ", "Some refrigerators have an Adaptive Defrost Control. This is what makes a refrigerator energy efficient. It varys the length of time it takes the machine to go into defrost. So instead of the energy hogging heater coming on every eight hours, it may be 24 hours, 18 hours, 10.5 hours, who knows. When the refrigerator is in defrost there is a heater that is tied into the evaporator coils inside the freezer that comes on. This heater is behind the rear panel inside the freezer where the evaporator coils are located.", "A refrigerator's defrost cycle works by turning on a heating element that's integrated into the evaporator coil in the appliance's freezer. The heating element warms the evaporator coil and melts any ice that has accumulated on the coil. " ], "url": [ "http://www.shopyourway.com/questions-list?q=whirlpool+refrigerator+defrost+cycle&filters=", "http://www.appliance411.com/faq/howdefrostworks.shtml", "http://www.shopyourway.com/questions/1038036", "http://www.shopyourway.com/questions-list?q=whirlpool+refrigerator+defrost+cycle&filters=", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto-defrost", "http://www.appliance411.com/faq/howdefrostworks.shtml", "http://www.repairclinic.com/RepairHelp/How-To-Fix-A-Refrigerator/55---/Refrigerator-not-defrosting", "http://www.appliancestuff.com/defrost.html", "http://www.applianceoutletservice.com/appliance-care-tips/refrigerator-tips/refrigerator-defrost-system-information.htm", "http://homeguides.sfgate.com/adc-work-frigidaire-refrigerators-103401.html" ] }

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