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1 | 6305-6308 | The reaction of dialkyl ether gives two alkyl
halide molecules Alkyl aryl ethers are cleaved at the alkyl-oxygen bond due to the
more stable aryl-oxygen bond The reaction yields phenol and alkyl
halide Ethers with two different alkyl groups are also cleaved in the same
manner |
1 | 6306-6309 | Alkyl aryl ethers are cleaved at the alkyl-oxygen bond due to the
more stable aryl-oxygen bond The reaction yields phenol and alkyl
halide Ethers with two different alkyl groups are also cleaved in the same
manner The order of reactivity of hydrogen halides is as follows:
HI > HBr > HCl |
1 | 6307-6310 | The reaction yields phenol and alkyl
halide Ethers with two different alkyl groups are also cleaved in the same
manner The order of reactivity of hydrogen halides is as follows:
HI > HBr > HCl The cleavage of ethers takes place with concentrated
HI or HBr at high temperature |
1 | 6308-6311 | Ethers with two different alkyl groups are also cleaved in the same
manner The order of reactivity of hydrogen halides is as follows:
HI > HBr > HCl The cleavage of ethers takes place with concentrated
HI or HBr at high temperature 7 |
1 | 6309-6312 | The order of reactivity of hydrogen halides is as follows:
HI > HBr > HCl The cleavage of ethers takes place with concentrated
HI or HBr at high temperature 7 6 |
1 | 6310-6313 | The cleavage of ethers takes place with concentrated
HI or HBr at high temperature 7 6 2
Physical
Properties
7 |
1 | 6311-6314 | 7 6 2
Physical
Properties
7 6 |
1 | 6312-6315 | 6 2
Physical
Properties
7 6 3
Chemical
Reactions
Rationalised 2023-24
218
Chemistry
The reaction of an ether with concentrated HI starts with protonation of ether molecule |
1 | 6313-6316 | 2
Physical
Properties
7 6 3
Chemical
Reactions
Rationalised 2023-24
218
Chemistry
The reaction of an ether with concentrated HI starts with protonation of ether molecule Step 1:
The reaction takes place with HBr or HI because these reagents are sufficiently acidic |
1 | 6314-6317 | 6 3
Chemical
Reactions
Rationalised 2023-24
218
Chemistry
The reaction of an ether with concentrated HI starts with protonation of ether molecule Step 1:
The reaction takes place with HBr or HI because these reagents are sufficiently acidic Step 2:
Iodide is a good nucleophile |
1 | 6315-6318 | 3
Chemical
Reactions
Rationalised 2023-24
218
Chemistry
The reaction of an ether with concentrated HI starts with protonation of ether molecule Step 1:
The reaction takes place with HBr or HI because these reagents are sufficiently acidic Step 2:
Iodide is a good nucleophile It attacks the least substituted carbon of the oxonium
ion formed in step 1 and displaces an alcohol molecule by SN2
mechanism |
1 | 6316-6319 | Step 1:
The reaction takes place with HBr or HI because these reagents are sufficiently acidic Step 2:
Iodide is a good nucleophile It attacks the least substituted carbon of the oxonium
ion formed in step 1 and displaces an alcohol molecule by SN2
mechanism Thus, in the cleavage of mixed ethers with two different alkyl groups, the alcohol
and alkyl iodide formed, depend on the nature of alkyl groups |
1 | 6317-6320 | Step 2:
Iodide is a good nucleophile It attacks the least substituted carbon of the oxonium
ion formed in step 1 and displaces an alcohol molecule by SN2
mechanism Thus, in the cleavage of mixed ethers with two different alkyl groups, the alcohol
and alkyl iodide formed, depend on the nature of alkyl groups When primary or
secondary alkyl groups are present, it is the lower alkyl group that forms alkyl
iodide (SN2 reaction) |
1 | 6318-6321 | It attacks the least substituted carbon of the oxonium
ion formed in step 1 and displaces an alcohol molecule by SN2
mechanism Thus, in the cleavage of mixed ethers with two different alkyl groups, the alcohol
and alkyl iodide formed, depend on the nature of alkyl groups When primary or
secondary alkyl groups are present, it is the lower alkyl group that forms alkyl
iodide (SN2 reaction) When HI is in excess and the reaction is carried out at high temperature,
ethanol reacts with another molecule of HI and is converted to ethyl iodide |
1 | 6319-6322 | Thus, in the cleavage of mixed ethers with two different alkyl groups, the alcohol
and alkyl iodide formed, depend on the nature of alkyl groups When primary or
secondary alkyl groups are present, it is the lower alkyl group that forms alkyl
iodide (SN2 reaction) When HI is in excess and the reaction is carried out at high temperature,
ethanol reacts with another molecule of HI and is converted to ethyl iodide Step 3:
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
However, when one of the alkyl group is a tertiary group, the halide
formed is a tertiary halide |
1 | 6320-6323 | When primary or
secondary alkyl groups are present, it is the lower alkyl group that forms alkyl
iodide (SN2 reaction) When HI is in excess and the reaction is carried out at high temperature,
ethanol reacts with another molecule of HI and is converted to ethyl iodide Step 3:
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
However, when one of the alkyl group is a tertiary group, the halide
formed is a tertiary halide CH
C
CH +HI
CH OH +CH
C
I
3
3
3
3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
O
It is because in step 2 of the reaction, the departure of leaving group
(HO–CH3) creates a more stable carbocation [(CH3)3C
+], and the reaction
follows SN1 mechanism |
1 | 6321-6324 | When HI is in excess and the reaction is carried out at high temperature,
ethanol reacts with another molecule of HI and is converted to ethyl iodide Step 3:
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
However, when one of the alkyl group is a tertiary group, the halide
formed is a tertiary halide CH
C
CH +HI
CH OH +CH
C
I
3
3
3
3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
O
It is because in step 2 of the reaction, the departure of leaving group
(HO–CH3) creates a more stable carbocation [(CH3)3C
+], and the reaction
follows SN1 mechanism In case of anisole, methylphenyl
oxonium ion,
is
formed by protonation of ether |
1 | 6322-6325 | Step 3:
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
Mechanism
However, when one of the alkyl group is a tertiary group, the halide
formed is a tertiary halide CH
C
CH +HI
CH OH +CH
C
I
3
3
3
3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
O
It is because in step 2 of the reaction, the departure of leaving group
(HO–CH3) creates a more stable carbocation [(CH3)3C
+], and the reaction
follows SN1 mechanism In case of anisole, methylphenyl
oxonium ion,
is
formed by protonation of ether The
bond between O–CH3 is weaker
than the bond between O–C6H5
because the carbon of phenyl
group is sp
2 hybridised and there
is a partial double bond character |
1 | 6323-6326 | CH
C
CH +HI
CH OH +CH
C
I
3
3
3
3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
O
It is because in step 2 of the reaction, the departure of leaving group
(HO–CH3) creates a more stable carbocation [(CH3)3C
+], and the reaction
follows SN1 mechanism In case of anisole, methylphenyl
oxonium ion,
is
formed by protonation of ether The
bond between O–CH3 is weaker
than the bond between O–C6H5
because the carbon of phenyl
group is sp
2 hybridised and there
is a partial double bond character CH3
C
CH3
CH3
O
H
+
CH3
slow
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+ + CH OH
3
fast
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+
+
I
–
I
Rationalised 2023-24
219
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Therefore the attack by I
– ion breaks O–CH3 bond to form CH3I |
1 | 6324-6327 | In case of anisole, methylphenyl
oxonium ion,
is
formed by protonation of ether The
bond between O–CH3 is weaker
than the bond between O–C6H5
because the carbon of phenyl
group is sp
2 hybridised and there
is a partial double bond character CH3
C
CH3
CH3
O
H
+
CH3
slow
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+ + CH OH
3
fast
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+
+
I
–
I
Rationalised 2023-24
219
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Therefore the attack by I
– ion breaks O–CH3 bond to form CH3I Phenols
do not react further to give halides because the sp
2 hybridised carbon
of phenol cannot undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction needed
for conversion to the halide |
1 | 6325-6328 | The
bond between O–CH3 is weaker
than the bond between O–C6H5
because the carbon of phenyl
group is sp
2 hybridised and there
is a partial double bond character CH3
C
CH3
CH3
O
H
+
CH3
slow
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+ + CH OH
3
fast
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+
+
I
–
I
Rationalised 2023-24
219
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Therefore the attack by I
– ion breaks O–CH3 bond to form CH3I Phenols
do not react further to give halides because the sp
2 hybridised carbon
of phenol cannot undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction needed
for conversion to the halide Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following
ethers with HI |
1 | 6326-6329 | CH3
C
CH3
CH3
O
H
+
CH3
slow
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+ + CH OH
3
fast
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
CH3
C
CH3
CH3
+
+
I
–
I
Rationalised 2023-24
219
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Therefore the attack by I
– ion breaks O–CH3 bond to form CH3I Phenols
do not react further to give halides because the sp
2 hybridised carbon
of phenol cannot undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction needed
for conversion to the halide Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following
ethers with HI Example 7 |
1 | 6327-6330 | Phenols
do not react further to give halides because the sp
2 hybridised carbon
of phenol cannot undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction needed
for conversion to the halide Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following
ethers with HI Example 7 7
Example 7 |
1 | 6328-6331 | Give the major products that are formed by heating each of the following
ethers with HI Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 |
1 | 6329-6332 | Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 |
1 | 6330-6333 | 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 |
1 | 6331-6334 | 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
2 |
1 | 6332-6335 | 7
Example 7 7
Example 7 7
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
2 Electrophilic substitution
The alkoxy group (-OR) is ortho, para directing and activates the
aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution in the same way as
in phenol |
1 | 6333-6336 | 7
Example 7 7
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
2 Electrophilic substitution
The alkoxy group (-OR) is ortho, para directing and activates the
aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution in the same way as
in phenol (i) Halogenation: Phenylalkyl ethers undergo usual halogenation
in the benzene ring, e |
1 | 6334-6337 | 7
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
2 Electrophilic substitution
The alkoxy group (-OR) is ortho, para directing and activates the
aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution in the same way as
in phenol (i) Halogenation: Phenylalkyl ethers undergo usual halogenation
in the benzene ring, e g |
1 | 6335-6338 | Electrophilic substitution
The alkoxy group (-OR) is ortho, para directing and activates the
aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution in the same way as
in phenol (i) Halogenation: Phenylalkyl ethers undergo usual halogenation
in the benzene ring, e g , anisole undergoes bromination with
bromine in ethanoic acid even in the absence of iron (III) bromide
catalyst |
1 | 6336-6339 | (i) Halogenation: Phenylalkyl ethers undergo usual halogenation
in the benzene ring, e g , anisole undergoes bromination with
bromine in ethanoic acid even in the absence of iron (III) bromide
catalyst It is due to the activation of benzene ring by the methoxy
group |
1 | 6337-6340 | g , anisole undergoes bromination with
bromine in ethanoic acid even in the absence of iron (III) bromide
catalyst It is due to the activation of benzene ring by the methoxy
group Para isomer is obtained in 90% yield |
1 | 6338-6341 | , anisole undergoes bromination with
bromine in ethanoic acid even in the absence of iron (III) bromide
catalyst It is due to the activation of benzene ring by the methoxy
group Para isomer is obtained in 90% yield Rationalised 2023-24
220
Chemistry
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
7 |
1 | 6339-6342 | It is due to the activation of benzene ring by the methoxy
group Para isomer is obtained in 90% yield Rationalised 2023-24
220
Chemistry
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
7 10
Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane
starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol |
1 | 6340-6343 | Para isomer is obtained in 90% yield Rationalised 2023-24
220
Chemistry
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
7 10
Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane
starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol 7 |
1 | 6341-6344 | Rationalised 2023-24
220
Chemistry
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
Intext Questions
7 10
Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane
starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol 7 11
Which of the following is an appropriate set of reactants for the
preparation of 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene and why |
1 | 6342-6345 | 10
Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane
starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol 7 11
Which of the following is an appropriate set of reactants for the
preparation of 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene and why (i)
(ii)
(ii) Friedel-Crafts reaction: Anisole undergoes Friedel-Crafts reaction,
i |
1 | 6343-6346 | 7 11
Which of the following is an appropriate set of reactants for the
preparation of 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene and why (i)
(ii)
(ii) Friedel-Crafts reaction: Anisole undergoes Friedel-Crafts reaction,
i e |
1 | 6344-6347 | 11
Which of the following is an appropriate set of reactants for the
preparation of 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene and why (i)
(ii)
(ii) Friedel-Crafts reaction: Anisole undergoes Friedel-Crafts reaction,
i e , the alkyl and acyl groups are introduced at ortho and para
positions by reaction with alkyl halide and acyl halide in the
presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride (a Lewis acid) as catalyst |
1 | 6345-6348 | (i)
(ii)
(ii) Friedel-Crafts reaction: Anisole undergoes Friedel-Crafts reaction,
i e , the alkyl and acyl groups are introduced at ortho and para
positions by reaction with alkyl halide and acyl halide in the
presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride (a Lewis acid) as catalyst (iii) Nitration: Anisole reacts with a mixture of concentrated sulphuric
and nitric acids to yield a mixture of ortho and para nitroanisole |
1 | 6346-6349 | e , the alkyl and acyl groups are introduced at ortho and para
positions by reaction with alkyl halide and acyl halide in the
presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride (a Lewis acid) as catalyst (iii) Nitration: Anisole reacts with a mixture of concentrated sulphuric
and nitric acids to yield a mixture of ortho and para nitroanisole Rationalised 2023-24
221
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 |
1 | 6347-6350 | , the alkyl and acyl groups are introduced at ortho and para
positions by reaction with alkyl halide and acyl halide in the
presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride (a Lewis acid) as catalyst (iii) Nitration: Anisole reacts with a mixture of concentrated sulphuric
and nitric acids to yield a mixture of ortho and para nitroanisole Rationalised 2023-24
221
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 12
Predict the products of the following reactions:
3
2
2
3
CH
CH
CH
O – CH
HBr
−
−
−
+
→
CH
C
OC H
HI
3
3
2
5
(
)
−
→
(iii)
(ii)
(iv)
Alcohols and phenols are classified (i) on the basis of the number of hydroxyl
groups and (ii) according to the hybridisation of the carbon atom, sp
3 or sp
2 to
which the –OH group is attached |
1 | 6348-6351 | (iii) Nitration: Anisole reacts with a mixture of concentrated sulphuric
and nitric acids to yield a mixture of ortho and para nitroanisole Rationalised 2023-24
221
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 12
Predict the products of the following reactions:
3
2
2
3
CH
CH
CH
O – CH
HBr
−
−
−
+
→
CH
C
OC H
HI
3
3
2
5
(
)
−
→
(iii)
(ii)
(iv)
Alcohols and phenols are classified (i) on the basis of the number of hydroxyl
groups and (ii) according to the hybridisation of the carbon atom, sp
3 or sp
2 to
which the –OH group is attached Ethers are classified on the basis of groups
attached to the oxygen atom |
1 | 6349-6352 | Rationalised 2023-24
221
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 12
Predict the products of the following reactions:
3
2
2
3
CH
CH
CH
O – CH
HBr
−
−
−
+
→
CH
C
OC H
HI
3
3
2
5
(
)
−
→
(iii)
(ii)
(iv)
Alcohols and phenols are classified (i) on the basis of the number of hydroxyl
groups and (ii) according to the hybridisation of the carbon atom, sp
3 or sp
2 to
which the –OH group is attached Ethers are classified on the basis of groups
attached to the oxygen atom Alcohols may be prepared (1) by hydration of alkenes (i) in presence of an
acid and (ii) by hydroboration-oxidation reaction (2) from carbonyl compounds by
(i) catalytic reduction and (ii) the action of Grignard reagents |
1 | 6350-6353 | 12
Predict the products of the following reactions:
3
2
2
3
CH
CH
CH
O – CH
HBr
−
−
−
+
→
CH
C
OC H
HI
3
3
2
5
(
)
−
→
(iii)
(ii)
(iv)
Alcohols and phenols are classified (i) on the basis of the number of hydroxyl
groups and (ii) according to the hybridisation of the carbon atom, sp
3 or sp
2 to
which the –OH group is attached Ethers are classified on the basis of groups
attached to the oxygen atom Alcohols may be prepared (1) by hydration of alkenes (i) in presence of an
acid and (ii) by hydroboration-oxidation reaction (2) from carbonyl compounds by
(i) catalytic reduction and (ii) the action of Grignard reagents Phenols may be
prepared by (1) substitution of (i) halogen atom in haloarenes and (ii) sulphonic
acid group in aryl sulphonic acids, by –OH group (2) by hydrolysis of diazonium
salts and (3) industrially from cumene |
1 | 6351-6354 | Ethers are classified on the basis of groups
attached to the oxygen atom Alcohols may be prepared (1) by hydration of alkenes (i) in presence of an
acid and (ii) by hydroboration-oxidation reaction (2) from carbonyl compounds by
(i) catalytic reduction and (ii) the action of Grignard reagents Phenols may be
prepared by (1) substitution of (i) halogen atom in haloarenes and (ii) sulphonic
acid group in aryl sulphonic acids, by –OH group (2) by hydrolysis of diazonium
salts and (3) industrially from cumene Alcohols are higher boiling than other classes of compounds, namely
hydrocarbons, ethers and haloalkanes of comparable molecular masses |
1 | 6352-6355 | Alcohols may be prepared (1) by hydration of alkenes (i) in presence of an
acid and (ii) by hydroboration-oxidation reaction (2) from carbonyl compounds by
(i) catalytic reduction and (ii) the action of Grignard reagents Phenols may be
prepared by (1) substitution of (i) halogen atom in haloarenes and (ii) sulphonic
acid group in aryl sulphonic acids, by –OH group (2) by hydrolysis of diazonium
salts and (3) industrially from cumene Alcohols are higher boiling than other classes of compounds, namely
hydrocarbons, ethers and haloalkanes of comparable molecular masses The
ability of alcohols, phenols and ethers to form intermolecular hydrogen bonding
with water makes them soluble in it |
1 | 6353-6356 | Phenols may be
prepared by (1) substitution of (i) halogen atom in haloarenes and (ii) sulphonic
acid group in aryl sulphonic acids, by –OH group (2) by hydrolysis of diazonium
salts and (3) industrially from cumene Alcohols are higher boiling than other classes of compounds, namely
hydrocarbons, ethers and haloalkanes of comparable molecular masses The
ability of alcohols, phenols and ethers to form intermolecular hydrogen bonding
with water makes them soluble in it Alcohols and phenols are acidic in nature |
1 | 6354-6357 | Alcohols are higher boiling than other classes of compounds, namely
hydrocarbons, ethers and haloalkanes of comparable molecular masses The
ability of alcohols, phenols and ethers to form intermolecular hydrogen bonding
with water makes them soluble in it Alcohols and phenols are acidic in nature Electron withdrawing groups in
phenol increase its acidic strength and electron releasing groups decrease it |
1 | 6355-6358 | The
ability of alcohols, phenols and ethers to form intermolecular hydrogen bonding
with water makes them soluble in it Alcohols and phenols are acidic in nature Electron withdrawing groups in
phenol increase its acidic strength and electron releasing groups decrease it Alcohols undergo nucleophilic substitution with hydrogen halides to yield
alkyl halides |
1 | 6356-6359 | Alcohols and phenols are acidic in nature Electron withdrawing groups in
phenol increase its acidic strength and electron releasing groups decrease it Alcohols undergo nucleophilic substitution with hydrogen halides to yield
alkyl halides Dehydration of alcohols gives alkenes |
1 | 6357-6360 | Electron withdrawing groups in
phenol increase its acidic strength and electron releasing groups decrease it Alcohols undergo nucleophilic substitution with hydrogen halides to yield
alkyl halides Dehydration of alcohols gives alkenes On oxidation, primary alcohols
yield aldehydes with mild oxidising agents and carboxylic acids with strong
oxidising agents while secondary alcohols yield ketones |
1 | 6358-6361 | Alcohols undergo nucleophilic substitution with hydrogen halides to yield
alkyl halides Dehydration of alcohols gives alkenes On oxidation, primary alcohols
yield aldehydes with mild oxidising agents and carboxylic acids with strong
oxidising agents while secondary alcohols yield ketones Tertiary alcohols are
resistant to oxidation |
1 | 6359-6362 | Dehydration of alcohols gives alkenes On oxidation, primary alcohols
yield aldehydes with mild oxidising agents and carboxylic acids with strong
oxidising agents while secondary alcohols yield ketones Tertiary alcohols are
resistant to oxidation The presence of –OH group in phenols activates the aromatic ring towards
electrophilic substitution and directs the incoming group to ortho and para
positions due to resonance effect |
1 | 6360-6363 | On oxidation, primary alcohols
yield aldehydes with mild oxidising agents and carboxylic acids with strong
oxidising agents while secondary alcohols yield ketones Tertiary alcohols are
resistant to oxidation The presence of –OH group in phenols activates the aromatic ring towards
electrophilic substitution and directs the incoming group to ortho and para
positions due to resonance effect Reimer-Tiemann reaction of phenol yields
salicylaldehyde |
1 | 6361-6364 | Tertiary alcohols are
resistant to oxidation The presence of –OH group in phenols activates the aromatic ring towards
electrophilic substitution and directs the incoming group to ortho and para
positions due to resonance effect Reimer-Tiemann reaction of phenol yields
salicylaldehyde In presence of sodium hydroxide, phenol generates phenoxide
ion which is even more reactive than phenol |
1 | 6362-6365 | The presence of –OH group in phenols activates the aromatic ring towards
electrophilic substitution and directs the incoming group to ortho and para
positions due to resonance effect Reimer-Tiemann reaction of phenol yields
salicylaldehyde In presence of sodium hydroxide, phenol generates phenoxide
ion which is even more reactive than phenol Thus, in alkaline medium, phenol
undergoes Kolbe’s reaction |
1 | 6363-6366 | Reimer-Tiemann reaction of phenol yields
salicylaldehyde In presence of sodium hydroxide, phenol generates phenoxide
ion which is even more reactive than phenol Thus, in alkaline medium, phenol
undergoes Kolbe’s reaction Ethers may be prepared by (i) dehydration of alcohols and (ii) Williamson
synthesis |
1 | 6364-6367 | In presence of sodium hydroxide, phenol generates phenoxide
ion which is even more reactive than phenol Thus, in alkaline medium, phenol
undergoes Kolbe’s reaction Ethers may be prepared by (i) dehydration of alcohols and (ii) Williamson
synthesis The boiling points of ethers resemble those of alkanes while their
solubility is comparable to those of alcohols having same molecular mass |
1 | 6365-6368 | Thus, in alkaline medium, phenol
undergoes Kolbe’s reaction Ethers may be prepared by (i) dehydration of alcohols and (ii) Williamson
synthesis The boiling points of ethers resemble those of alkanes while their
solubility is comparable to those of alcohols having same molecular mass The
C–O bond in ethers can be cleaved by hydrogen halides |
1 | 6366-6369 | Ethers may be prepared by (i) dehydration of alcohols and (ii) Williamson
synthesis The boiling points of ethers resemble those of alkanes while their
solubility is comparable to those of alcohols having same molecular mass The
C–O bond in ethers can be cleaved by hydrogen halides In electrophilic
substitution, the alkoxy group activates the aromatic ring and directs the incoming
group to ortho and para positions |
1 | 6367-6370 | The boiling points of ethers resemble those of alkanes while their
solubility is comparable to those of alcohols having same molecular mass The
C–O bond in ethers can be cleaved by hydrogen halides In electrophilic
substitution, the alkoxy group activates the aromatic ring and directs the incoming
group to ortho and para positions Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
(i)
Rationalised 2023-24
222
Chemistry
Exercises
7 |
1 | 6368-6371 | The
C–O bond in ethers can be cleaved by hydrogen halides In electrophilic
substitution, the alkoxy group activates the aromatic ring and directs the incoming
group to ortho and para positions Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
(i)
Rationalised 2023-24
222
Chemistry
Exercises
7 1 Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
(x) C6H5–O–C2H5
(xi) C6H5–O–C7H15(n–)
(xii)
7 |
1 | 6369-6372 | In electrophilic
substitution, the alkoxy group activates the aromatic ring and directs the incoming
group to ortho and para positions Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
(i)
Rationalised 2023-24
222
Chemistry
Exercises
7 1 Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
(x) C6H5–O–C2H5
(xi) C6H5–O–C7H15(n–)
(xii)
7 2 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:
(i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
(ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol
(iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol
(iv) 2,3 – Diethylphenol
(v) 1 – Ethoxypropane
(vi) 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
(vii) Cyclohexylmethanol
(viii) 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol
(ix) Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol
(x) 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol |
1 | 6370-6373 | Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
(i)
Rationalised 2023-24
222
Chemistry
Exercises
7 1 Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
(x) C6H5–O–C2H5
(xi) C6H5–O–C7H15(n–)
(xii)
7 2 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:
(i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
(ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol
(iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol
(iv) 2,3 – Diethylphenol
(v) 1 – Ethoxypropane
(vi) 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
(vii) Cyclohexylmethanol
(viii) 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol
(ix) Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol
(x) 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol 7 |
1 | 6371-6374 | 1 Write IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
(x) C6H5–O–C2H5
(xi) C6H5–O–C7H15(n–)
(xii)
7 2 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:
(i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
(ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol
(iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol
(iv) 2,3 – Diethylphenol
(v) 1 – Ethoxypropane
(vi) 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
(vii) Cyclohexylmethanol
(viii) 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol
(ix) Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol
(x) 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol 7 3 (i)
Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5H12O
and give their IUPAC names |
1 | 6372-6375 | 2 Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows:
(i) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
(ii) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol
(iii) 3,5-Dimethylhexane –1, 3, 5-triol
(iv) 2,3 – Diethylphenol
(v) 1 – Ethoxypropane
(vi) 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane
(vii) Cyclohexylmethanol
(viii) 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol
(ix) Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol
(x) 4-Chloro-3-ethylbutan-1-ol 7 3 (i)
Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5H12O
and give their IUPAC names (ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question 11 |
1 | 6373-6376 | 7 3 (i)
Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5H12O
and give their IUPAC names (ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question 11 3 (i) as primary, secondary
and tertiary alcohols |
1 | 6374-6377 | 3 (i)
Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C5H12O
and give their IUPAC names (ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question 11 3 (i) as primary, secondary
and tertiary alcohols 7 |
1 | 6375-6378 | (ii) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question 11 3 (i) as primary, secondary
and tertiary alcohols 7 4 Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon,
butane |
1 | 6376-6379 | 3 (i) as primary, secondary
and tertiary alcohols 7 4 Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon,
butane 7 |
1 | 6377-6380 | 7 4 Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon,
butane 7 5 Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of
comparable molecular masses |
1 | 6378-6381 | 4 Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon,
butane 7 5 Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of
comparable molecular masses Explain this fact |
1 | 6379-6382 | 7 5 Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of
comparable molecular masses Explain this fact 7 |
1 | 6380-6383 | 5 Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of
comparable molecular masses Explain this fact 7 6 What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction |
1 | 6381-6384 | Explain this fact 7 6 What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction Illustrate it with an example |
1 | 6382-6385 | 7 6 What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction Illustrate it with an example 7 |
1 | 6383-6386 | 6 What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction Illustrate it with an example 7 7 Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular
formula, C7H8O |
1 | 6384-6387 | Illustrate it with an example 7 7 Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular
formula, C7H8O 7 |
1 | 6385-6388 | 7 7 Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular
formula, C7H8O 7 8 While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam
distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile |
1 | 6386-6389 | 7 Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular
formula, C7H8O 7 8 While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam
distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile Give reason |
1 | 6387-6390 | 7 8 While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam
distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile Give reason 7 |
1 | 6388-6391 | 8 While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam
distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile Give reason 7 9 Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene |
1 | 6389-6392 | Give reason 7 9 Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene 7 |
1 | 6390-6393 | 7 9 Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene 7 10 Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene |
1 | 6391-6394 | 9 Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene 7 10 Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene 7 |
1 | 6392-6395 | 7 10 Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene 7 11 Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol |
1 | 6393-6396 | 10 Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene 7 11 Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol 7 |
1 | 6394-6397 | 7 11 Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol 7 12 You are given benzene, conc |
1 | 6395-6398 | 11 Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol 7 12 You are given benzene, conc H2SO4 and NaOH |
1 | 6396-6399 | 7 12 You are given benzene, conc H2SO4 and NaOH Write the equations for the
preparation of phenol using these reagents |
1 | 6397-6400 | 12 You are given benzene, conc H2SO4 and NaOH Write the equations for the
preparation of phenol using these reagents Rationalised 2023-24
223
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 |
1 | 6398-6401 | H2SO4 and NaOH Write the equations for the
preparation of phenol using these reagents Rationalised 2023-24
223
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 13 Show how will you synthesise:
(i) 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene |
1 | 6399-6402 | Write the equations for the
preparation of phenol using these reagents Rationalised 2023-24
223
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 13 Show how will you synthesise:
(i) 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene (ii) cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an SN2 reaction |
1 | 6400-6403 | Rationalised 2023-24
223
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
7 13 Show how will you synthesise:
(i) 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene (ii) cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an SN2 reaction (iii) pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide |
1 | 6401-6404 | 13 Show how will you synthesise:
(i) 1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene (ii) cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an SN2 reaction (iii) pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide 7 |
1 | 6402-6405 | (ii) cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an SN2 reaction (iii) pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide 7 14 Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol |
1 | 6403-6406 | (iii) pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide 7 14 Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol Compare acidity
of phenol with that of ethanol |
1 | 6404-6407 | 7 14 Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol Compare acidity
of phenol with that of ethanol 7 |
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