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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: For the year under review all County Governments allocated out of their budgets at least 20% to health.\n\nQ1: In 2017/18 did the County Governments allocated out of their budgets at least 20% to health?\nA1: No, because Chart shows some were under 20%.\n\nQ2: In 2018/19 did the County Governments allocated out of their budgets at least 20% to health?\nA2: No, because Chart shows some were under 20%.",
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"content": "justification: No, the sources show some County Governments allocated less than 20% to health.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In Kenya, the average development budget allocation by counties over the last six financial years has been 40% surpassing the legal requirement of at least 30%.\n\nQ1: How much is the amount allocated to each county s 2012/13 to 2018/19 (billions of shillings) ?\nA1: Amounts to Kenya counties 2012/13 to 2018/19 (billions of shillings)\nYear\tTotal Allocation as per County Allocation of Revenue Acts\tTreasury transfers to counties as per the national treasury\tTotal amount of approved transfers in reports controller of budget for release to counties\n2012/13*\t9.8\t9.7\t9.7\n2013/14\t210\t195.7\t174.4\n2014/15\t242.5\t231.1\t228.5\n2015/16\t287.04\t276.2\t272.1\n2016/17\t302.2\t305\t299.7\n2017/18\t341.7\t330.3\t328.9\n2018/19\t372.7\t263.41\t200.92\nTOTAL\t1,765.9\t1,611.4\t1,514.2\n\nQ2: Did The average development allocation by counties from 2012/13 to 2018/19 rose to 40% surpassing the legal requirement of at least 30%. ?\nA2: County budgets 2013/14 to 2018/19 (billions of shillings)\nFinancial year\tRecurrent budget\tDevelopment budget\tTotal budget\tDevelopment budget share of total budget\n2013/14\t160.7\t100.4\t261.1\t38.5%\n2014/15\t181.4\t144.9\t326.3\t44.4%\n2015/16\t208.8\t158.6\t367.4\t43.2%\n2016/17\t240.9\t158.4\t399.3\t39.6%\n2017/18\t271.3\t139.2\t410.5\t33.9%\n2018/19\t276.4\t187.5\t463.9\t40.4%\nTotal\t1,339.5\t889\t2,228.5\t39.9%",
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"content": "justification: If rounded up then indeed the percentages are up to 40%, therefore the claim is supported \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In Kenya the number of functional health facilities increased from 9,858 to 10,820 in 2018 across all counties.\n\nQ1: How many functional health facilities were there in Kenya in 2017?\nA1: 9,858\n\nQ2: How many functional health facilities were there in Kenya in 2018?\nA2: 10,820",
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"content": "justification: Supported by figures given in the QA pairs.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: So far, each of Kenya's 47 counties has met the two-thirds threshold for the appointment of the county executive committee members, with three counties (Kilifi, Nyeri, and Kericho) attaining a 50-50 representation.\n\nQ1: Has each of the 47 counties in Kenya met the two-thirds threshold for the appointment of county executive committee members?\nA1: Yes, because The 47 counties in Kenya have met the two-thirds threshold on the appointment of the county executive committee members.\n\nQ2: Have the counties of Kilifi, Nyeri, and Kericho attained a 50/50 representation in Kenya?\nA2: Yes, because The counties of Kilifi, Nyeri, and Kericho have attained a gender equality in the composition of the county cabinets.",
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"content": "justification: 47 counties have met the the two thirds threshold and three counties attained the 50/50 representation. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: County governments have allocated on average 6.7 % of their total budgets to the agriculture sector.\n\nQ1: How much was allocated to the agricultural sector by the counties in the 2017/2018 year\nA1: 5.6% of the general budget\n\nQ2: How much was allocated by the Kenyan counties in the first half of the 2018/2019 year\nA2: 6.30%\n\nQ3: How much was allocated by the Kenyan counties in the second half of the 2018/2019 year\nA3: No answer could be found.",
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"content": "justification: As budget allocations usually are made the fiscal year prior to implementation, the Q&A around the 2020 allocation would be helpful. Using the current stats offered as evidence though, without clarification about which fiscal year is referenced, refuted or not enough evidence are the choices. Refuted chosen as the most likely scenerio.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In Kenya, County Governments have allocated on average 6.7% of their total budgets to the agriculture sector.\n\nQ1: At the time of the claim, what were the latest statistics available?\nA1: The statistics are for the financial year 2018/19.\n\nQ2: Who is this published by?\nA2: The Office of the Controller of Budget (OCOB) is an independent office established under Article 228 of the Constitution of Kenya with the core mandate being to oversee implementation of the budgets of the National and County Governments by authorizing the withdrawal from public funds.\n\nQ3: What percentage of their total budget have the Kenya counties allocated to agriculture according to these statistics?\nA3: 6.3%",
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"content": "justification: The budget was 0.4% lower\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: KSh1.57 trillion is equivalent to 20% of the total shareable revenue of 7.8 trillion shillings in Kenya.\n\nQ1: How much is the total shareable revenue in Kenya?\nA1: The totals accross all reports for total shareable revenue add up to 7, 818 billion.\n\nQ2: how much has the shareable revenue been over the years\nA2: The total shareable revenue from 2013 to 2019 is given in the division of revenue acts: \n\n2013 – KSh920.4 billion\n\n2014 – KSh1,026. 3 billion\n\n2015 – KSh1,242.7 billion\n\n2016 – KSh1,380.2 billion\n\n2017 – KSh1,560.3 billion\n\n2018 – KSh1,688.5 billion",
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"content": "justification: 1.57 is 20% (rounded) of 7.8.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Since 2013, Kenyan County Governments have cumulatively received KSh1.57 trillion worth of equitable share of allocation.\n\nQ1: Since 2013, how much equitable share of allocation have have Kenyan County Governments received?\nA1: Total Allocation as per County Allocation of Revenue Acts 1,765.9.\tTreasury transfers to counties as per the national treasury\t1,611.4. Total amount of approved transfers in reports controller of budget for release to counties 1,514.2",
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"content": "justification: the amount received is close enough to the claimed amount. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The average development allocation by Kenya's counties over the last six financial years has been 40% surpassing the legal requirement of at least 30%\n\nQ1: What was the development budget share in 2017/18?\nA1: 33.9% which was the lowest over last 6 years\n\nQ2: What was the development budget share in 2014/15?\nA2: 44.4% which was the highest in last 6 years\n\nQ3: In Kenya, what was the AVERAGE development budget share of total budget, over the period 2013 to 2019?\nA3: The average share was 39.9% , which can be rounded to 40%.",
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"content": "justification: Evidence finds that development budgets reached 44.4% in 2014/15, which is above the legal requirement of at least 30%. The average share for the period 2013–2019 was 39.9%, which was most likely rounded up to 40% in the claim. Hence, this claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: We experienced an increase in the number of functional health facilities growing from 9,858 to 10,820 in 2018 across all counties.\n\nQ1: what is the investment in the agriculture sector?\nA1: “County governments have allocated on average 6.7 % of their total budgets to the agriculture sector.”\n\nQ2: What does the latest economic survey show?\nA2: The health facilities rose from 9858 in 2017 to 10,820 in 2018 in all counties.",
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"content": "justification: Confirmed in QA pair.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In Kenya, county governments have allocated an average of 6.7% of their total budgets to the agriculture sector.\n\nQ1: How much of their total budget have Kenya's county governments allocated to the agriculture sector in 2018/19?\nA1: 6.3% in the first six months of 2018/19.\n\nQ2: How much of their total budget have Kenya's county governments allocated to the agriculture sector in 2017/18?\nA2: 5.60%\n\nQ3: which body captures the budget allocations\nA3: Budget allocations for the 47 county governments are captured in reports by the controller of budget, who authorises all government spending.",
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"content": "justification: Given the claim date then the figure given in Q&A 1 is a great match to the period of the claim, and as the claim says an 'average' then although the figure is a little lower (6.3%) than the claims 6.7% as the claim says average then it is around close enough to support the claim\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In 2018/2019 in Kenya, all county governments allocated at least 20% of their budgets to health.\n\nQ1: what state returned from kenya in 219?\nA1: In his 2019 State of Devolution Address, council of governors chair Wycliffe Oparanya made three claims on revenue allocation to counties, two claims each on healthcare and agriculture, and a claim on gender equality in county governments.\nTwo of the claims on revenue were correct, as were claims about gender equality and healthcare facilities.\nOne claim about agriculture was mostly correct, and the other incorrect. A third claim on revenue was also mostly correct, but a claim on healthcare budgets was incorrect.\n\nQ2: what state returned from kenya in 2019?\nA2: In his 2019 State of Devolution Address, council of governors chair Wycliffe Oparanya made three claims on revenue allocation to counties, two claims each on healthcare and agriculture, and a claim on gender equality in county governments.\nTwo of the claims on revenue were correct, as were claims about gender equality and healthcare facilities.\nOne claim about agriculture was mostly correct, and the other incorrect. A third claim on revenue was also mostly correct, but a claim on healthcare budgets was incorrect.\n\nQ3: Did all Counties in Kenya allocate at least 20% of their budget to health care?\nA3: In 2017/18 at least five counties allocated less than 20% to health. These were Kakamega (17.1%), Laikipia (13.4%), Taita Taveta (7.7%), Tana River (17.8%) and Turkana (11.6%).\n\nAnd in 2018/19, nine counties allocated less than 20% of their budgets to health. These were Baringo (2%), Kakamega (13%), Laikipia (13%), Mandera (18%), Nyandarua (11%), Taita Taveta (7%), Tana River (19%), Turkana (11%) and Wajir (17%)",
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"content": "justification: There were at least five counties that allocated less than 20% to health. The Counties are Kakamega (17.1%), Laikipia (13.4%), Taita Taveta (7.7%), Tana River (17.8%) and Turkana (11.6%).\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The legal requirement of the Kenyan county government’s budget allocated to development expenditure is at least 30%.\n\nQ1: What is the legal requirement percentage of Kenya county government's budget to be allocated to development expenditure?\nA1: over the medium term a minimum of thirty percent of the national and county governments budget shall be allocated to the development expenditure.\n\nQ2: What was the average development allocation by counties in 2013/14?\nA2: 38.5%\n\nQ3: What was the average development allocation by counties in 2014/15?\nA3: 44.4%\n\nQ4: What was the average development allocation by counties in 2015/16?\nA4: 43.2%\n\nQ5: What was the average development allocation by counties in 2016/17?\nA5: 39.6%\n\nQ6: What was the average development allocation by counties in 2017/18?\nA6: 33.9%\n\nQ7: What was the average development allocation by counties in 2018/19?\nA7: 40.4%",
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"content": "justification: Confirmed in QA pair \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenyan County Governments allocated out of their budgets at least 20% to health in the 2018/19 financial year.\n\nQ1: how much of the budget was allocated for health in 2017-2018?\nA1: The controller of budget’s 2017/18 report shows counties allocated KSh109.2 billion to health out of a total budget of KSh411.6 billion. This means 26.5% of the budget went to health.\n\nQ2: how much of the budget was allocated for health in 2018-2019?\nA2: In 2018/19 the counties allocated KSh114.6 billion to health out of a budget of KSh462.1 billion, giving health a 25% share.\n\nSo the total allocation to health for all the counties was above 20%.\n\nQ3: Did all counties set aside at least 20% of their budget for healthcare?\nA3: But not all counties set aside at least 20% of their budgets for healthcare. In 2017/18 at least five counties allocated less than 20% to health. These were Kakamega (17.1%), Laikipia (13.4%), Taita Taveta (7.7%), Tana River (17.8%) and Turkana (11.6%).\n\nAnd in 2018/19, nine counties allocated less than 20% of their budgets to health. These were Baringo (2%), Kakamega (13%), Laikipia (13%), Mandera (18%), Nyandarua (11%), Taita Taveta (7%), Tana River (19%), Turkana (11%) and Wajir (17%).",
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"content": "justification: Supported by figures provided in the QA pairs.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In Kenya, the average development allocation by counties over the 6 years up to 2019 has been 40%, surpassing the legal requirement of at least 30%.\n\nQ1: What was the average development allocation by Kenyan counties over the 6 years up to 2019?\nA1: County budgets 2013/14 to 2018/19 (billions of shillings)\nFinancial year\tRecurrent budget\tDevelopment budget\tTotal budget\tDevelopment budget share of total budget\n2013/14\t160.7\t100.4\t261.1\t38.5%\n2014/15\t181.4\t144.9\t326.3\t44.4%\n2015/16\t208.8\t158.6\t367.4\t43.2%\n2016/17\t240.9\t158.4\t399.3\t39.6%\n2017/18\t271.3\t139.2\t410.5\t33.9%\n2018/19\t276.4\t187.5\t463.9\t40.4%\nTotal\t1,339.5\t889\t2,228.5\t39.9%\n\n \n\nThe average share is 40%.",
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"content": "justification: So far sine 2017, it has not gone below 30%\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: According to Wycliffe Oparanya, there was an increase in the number of functional health facilities growing from 9,858 to 10,820 in 2018 across all counties.\n\nQ1: Which country does the claim referance?\nA1: Kenya.\n\nQ2: Who is Wycliffe Oparanya?\nA2: The claim speaker.\n\nQ3: What was the number of health facilities in Kenya in 2017?\nA3: The latest economic survey shows that the number of health facilities in Kenya was 9,858 in 2017\n\nQ4: What was the number of health facilities in Kenya in 2018?\nA4: The latest economic survey shows that the number of health facilities in Kenya was 10,820 in 2018.\n\nQ5: Was there was an increase in the number of functional health facilities growing from 9,858 to 10,820 in 2018 across all counties in Kenya ?\nA5: It is proven that the economic survey shows that the number of health facilities rose from 9,858 in 2017 to 10,820 in 2018. This claim is correct.",
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"content": "justification: The answer and source show that the numbers in the claim are correct so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The number of functional health facilities, in Kenya, increased from 9,858 in 2017 to 10,820 in 2018 across all counties.\n\nQ1: What were the number of health facilities in 2017?\nA1: 9,858\n\n(link 404's)\n\nQ2: How many functional health facilities were there in 2018?\nA2: 10,820\n\n(Link 404's)\n\nQ3: What were the number of functional health facilities in 2017 in Kenya across all counties?\nA3: 9,858 according to page 282 of the 2019 economic survey.\n\nQ4: How many functional health facilities were there in 2018 in Kenya across all counties?\nA4: 10,820 according to page 282 of the 2019 economic survey.",
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"content": "justification: Confirmed in QA Pairs.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Smallpox Treatment MR-VAC Is A Slow Poison For Children\n\nQ1: What diseases is a MR-VAC used for ?\nA1: Measles and rubella virus\n\nQ2: Is there any proof that the MR Vaccine is dangerous for children?\nA2: These rumours are still in circulation despite the central investigating team ruling out any linkage between these deaths and MR vaccines. The team leader of the health officials from the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoH&FW), Dr. Haldar, commented that these deaths were due to other medical conditions and not due to the MR vaccine.",
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"content": "justification: MR-VAC is used for measles and rubella virus and not for smallpox\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Cory Brooker vowed not to take contributions from pharma companies, pharma executives or corporate PAC's before his presidential campaign in 2019\n\nQ1: Who did US Democratic candidate Cory booker receive political donations from before 2019?\nA1: - pharmaceutical PACS.\n- T-Mobile USA\n- Pfizer\n- Merck & Co",
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"content": "justification: The answer clearly shows that he received donations from pharmaceutical companies so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 83% of the benefits from the Republican tax law go to the top 1% of income earners in the United States.\n\nQ1: For the period of the claim what percentage of benefits from the 'Republican tax law' go to the top 1% of income earners in the United States?\nA1: In December 2017 the Tax Policy Center estimated that under the 'Tax Cuts Act' the top 1% of income earners would get 20.5% share of the tax cut benefits in 2018 and the projection was for a 25.3% share in 2025.\n\nQ2: Under what if any circumstances could 83% of the benefits from the 'Republican tax law' go to the top 1% of income earners in the United States under the then proposed 'Tax Cuts Act'?\nA2: In December 2017 estimated projections from the Tax Policy Center, report that the top 1% of income earners would get 82.8% share of the tax cut benefits in 2027.",
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"content": "justification: The answers are conflicting, one is by the Tax Policy Centre the other is by the Washing ton Post and neither state 82%\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Purdue Pharma has had to pay no consequences for their connection to the opioid crisis and overdose deaths in the US\n\nQ1: Did Purdue Pharma have anything to do with the opioid crisis and overdose deaths in the US?\nA1: Purdue Pharma, which is privately owned by the Sackler family, is named as a plaintiff in dozens of lawsuits across the country for its role in contributing to one of the country’s worst drug crises. The Sacklers and Purdue have been accused of aggressively marketing OxyContin using deceptive sales and marketing practices and downplaying its abusive and addictive properties.\n\nQ2: Has Purdue Pharma paid money in any lawsuits made against them?\nA2: Purdue Pharma will pay $270 million to settle a historic opioid lawsuit in Oklahoma.",
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"content": "justification: Purdue Pharma will pay $270 million to settle a historic opioid lawsuit in Oklahoma\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: HPV vaccine does reduce viral transmission, helping with eventual cervical cancer elimination\n\nQ1: Does HPV vaccine reduce viral transmission, helping with eventual cervical cancer elimination?\nA1: Numerous studies have shown that the HPV vaccine has helped to reduce viral transmission, which in turn protects individuals from the risk of developing cervical cancer and also protects unvaccinated individuals within the community through the herd immunity effect. Studies predict that with sufficiently high HPV vaccine coverage and regular cervical cancer screening, the disease can eventually be eliminated.",
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"content": "justification: The answer and source supports this claim that the vaccine will help with the elimination of the cancer in time.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: America has the highest rate of childhood poverty.\n\nQ1: Does the America have the highest rate of childhood poverty?\nA1: a UNICEF study of child poverty in 35 developed countries Ranks US Second-Highest in Child Poverty Among 35 Developed Countries\n\nQ2: Does the U.S have the highest rate of child poverty in the world?\nA2: No, because OECD data shows the U.S Ranked 3RD for child poverty (0-17 years old),",
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"content": "justification: America does not have the highest rate of childhood poverty\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Cory Booker has accepted over $400,000 from the pharmaceutical industry during his political career.\n\nQ1: How much did Cory Booker receive from pharmaceutical companies between 2013 and 2018\nA1: He received a total of $434,774",
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"content": "justification: Confirmed at $434,\n774\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: California Rep. Eric Swalwell correct in stating he is 'the only person on this stage who has voted and passed background checks'.\n\nQ1: Has any other presidential candidate who was on the debate with Eric Swalwell voted for and passed gun control legislature\nA1: Yes, because Joe Biden voted for and passed the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act in 1993",
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"content": "justification: California Rep. Eric Swalwell said he was “the only person on this stage who has voted and passed background checks.” That’s false. A campaign spokesperson said he was referring to “universal background checks,” but even that claim is misleading.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The bottom 60 percent of American earners have not had an increase in income since 1980\n\nQ1: What has the income for the bottom 60% of Americans been like since 1980\nA1: There has been an increase of 32 percent in the income of the bottom 60% since the 1980s",
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"content": "justification: Income has increased 32% (although no mention of inflation is made in the claim or the answer)\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Companies like Halliburton and Amazon pay nothing in US taxes\n\nQ1: Does Amazon pay taxes\nA1: Amazon itself paid $957 million in income taxes worldwide in 2017, according to a regulatory filing.\n\nQ2: Does Halliburton pay tax\nA2: Halliburton annual/quarterly income after taxes history and growth rate from 2010 to 2022. Income after taxes can be defined as earnings or losses after income tax expense but before minority interest, extraordinary items, discontinued operations, preferred dividends and accounting changes have been accounted for.\nHalliburton income after taxes for the quarter ending September 30, 2022 was $0.549B, a 128.75% increase year-over-year.\nHalliburton income after taxes for the twelve months ending September 30, 2022 was $1.757B, a 324.4% increase year-over-year.\nHalliburton annual income after taxes for 2021 was $1.468B, a 149.9% decline from 2020.\nHalliburton annual income after taxes for 2020 was $-2.942B, a 160.58% increase from 2019.\nHalliburton annual income after taxes for 2019 was $-1.129B, a 168.14% decline from 2018.",
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"content": "justification: Evidence has found that both Amazon and Halliburton pay US taxes. However, there is a contradiction where the evidence has found that it's Amazon's second straight year owing no tax: In 2017, Amazon filed for a $137 million refund on $5.6 billion in profit. Hence, conflicting evidence.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: President Trump “immediately discontinued” an aid program to Central America which is the cause of surging immigration across the U.S.-Mexico border.\n\nQ1: What aid program is being talked about here?\nA1: Biden was referring to the “U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America,” which began under Obama in fiscal year 2016 at a level of $750 million, according to a June 12 report by the Congressional Research Service, an arm of the Library of Congress. (See Table 5, page 13.)\n\nQ2: How much had the program decreased before Trump was elected?\nA2: Appropriations for the program had already decreased to just under $685 million by fiscal year 2017, which began Oct. 1, 2016, before Trump was elected and nearly four months before he took office.\n\nQ3: How much further did it reduce during Trump's administration?\nA3: From there, appropriations fell further to an estimated $527.6 million in the current fiscal year, according to the CRS report. That’s a reduction of just under 23 percent.\n\nTrump’s budget request for fiscal 2020, which begins Oct. 1, calls for a further cut to $445 million — which would represent a cumulative reduction in annual appropriation levels of 35 percent since the last fiscal year that began under Obama.\n\nQ4: Did this result in an increase in immigration across the U.S.-Mexico border?\nA4: Yes, because At the time Trump spoke, March apprehensions of immigrants illegally attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border were surging to 92,840, more than triple the level of March 2015, prior to the aid program to which Biden referred. Far from being “abated,” the “crisis” of which Biden spoke had come back with a vengeance.",
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"content": "justification: Answer support a drop in funding but not an immediate discontinuation which makes the further points of the claim invalid however there was an increase in attempted crossings.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Many of America's 2.3 million prisoners are incarcerated for nonviolent drug crimes\n\nQ1: What is the prison population of the USA?\nA1: 2 121 600\n\nQ2: How many of those are incarcerated for non-violent drug crime?\nA2: But the simple truth is that, at a minimum, 55 percent of those in state prison have been convicted of a violent crime — and more than half of these people, or nearly 30 percent of the total prison population, have been found guilty of murder, manslaughter, rape or sexual assault, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Slightly less than 15 percent are incarcerated for drug crimes, even though most Americans believe the figure to be about 50 percent. (Drugs play a bigger role in the federal prison system, but that holds only about 10 percent of all prisoners; most incarcerated people are in state prison.)",
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"content": "justification: Evidence finds that there are 2,121,600 prisoners in U.S. prisons, not 2.3 million as the claim states. Evidence also finds that even though most Americans assume the figure is about 50%, somewhat fewer than 15% are incarcerated for drug offenses. Drug offenses are far more prevalent in the federal prison system, but that houses only about 10 percent of all prisoners; most incarcerated people are in state prison. Hence, the evidence is conflicting.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The price of 2,500 drugs has gone up in double digits under Donald Trump's administration\n\nQ1: What is the Centers for Medicare Services in the United States?\nA1: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is the U.S. federal agency that works with state governments to manage the Medicare program, and administer Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance program. CMS offers many great resources for researchers who are looking for health data.\n\nQ2: How many drugs increased in price in 2018, according to the Centers for Medicare Services in the United States?\nA2: 2,500\n\nQ3: What is one of the 2,500 drugs from the Centers for Medicare Services, that has increased in price?\nA3: Januvia\n\nQ4: What was the monthly cost of the prescription drug 'Januvia' in 2015?\nA4: According to Bloomberg, Januvia sold for a monthly cost of $168.61 in 2015.\n\nQ5: What was the monthly cost of the prescription drug 'Januvia' in 2017?\nA5: A one-month prescription for 100 mg of Januvia can cost about $382.\n\nQ6: When was Donald Trump inaugrated as president of the United States of America?\nA6: Trump took office as the 45th president on January 20, 2017.",
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"content": "justification: 2,500 drugs increased in price in 2018 when Trump is the president, according to the Centers for Medicare Services in the United States. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: President Donald Trump has thrown 32 million people off their health care that they have.\n\nQ1: Where did the figure 32 million come from?\nA1: In 2017 the Congressional Budget Office estimated the Obamacare Repeal Reconciliation Act of 2017, a bill that would fit that description, would increase the number of uninsured by 32 million people over 10 years.\n\nQ2: Would all these people likely be thrown off their insurance?\nA2: No, because not all of them would be thrown off their insurance. CBO said: “In the nongroup market, some people would choose not to have insurance partly because they choose to be covered by insurance under current law to avoid paying the penalty.”\n\nQ3: Did Donald trump plan a bill that would throw people of their health plans?\nA3: Yes, because He planned on removing an Obama health care bill nicknamed Obamacare but known as the affordable care act.\n\nQ4: What did the affordable care act offer?\nA4: The law aimed to extend health coverage to uninsured Americans, estimated at the time the bill was passed to number around 47 million",
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"content": "justification: Not all of the 32million will be taken off their health care\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The top 1 percent wealthiest control 90 percent of the wealth in the US\n\nQ1: In 2017, the Washington Post published an article quoting a new paper by economist Edward N. Wolff. What are the statistics?\nA1: The wealthiest 1 percent of American households own 40 percent of the country's wealth, according to a new paper by economist Edward N. Wolff.\n\nQ2: Paper entitled\nMeasuring Income and Wealth at the Top, \nUsing Administrative and Survey Data\nprepared for the Brookings Panel on Economic Activity, March 10th and 11th, 2016 indicates what?\nA2: Most available estimates of US wealth and income concentration indicate that top shares are high and rising in recent decades, but there is some disagreement about specific levels\nand trends.\n\nQ3: How much of America's wealth is controlled by the top 1% wealthiest Americans?\nA3: The wealthiest 1 percent of American households own 40 percent of the country's wealth, according to a new paper by economist Edward N. Wolff. That share is higher than it has been at any point since at least 1962, according to Wolff's data, which comes from the federal Survey of Consumer Finances.",
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"content": "justification: The third Q&A shows that the control is less than the 90% in the claim so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Number one reason for why American families go broke is the cost of healthcare\n\nQ1: Is healthcare the number one reason for personal bankruptcy in America\nA1: Our findings suggest that medical factors play a much smaller role in causing U.S. bankruptcies than has previously been claimed. Overemphasizing 'medical bankruptcies' may distract from understanding the true nature of economic hardship arising from high-cost health problems,” wrote researchers of the 2018 study\n\nQ2: Can medical debt lead to personal bankruptcy\nA2: The fact that, according to a 2014 report from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, about 20% of Americans have substantial medical debt yet in a given year less than 1% of Americans file for personal bankruptcy suggests that this assumption is problematic. Clearly, many people face medical debt but do not go bankrupt. Even after correcting for overly broad definitions of “medical” expenses,3 the existing, widely cited evidence on medical bankruptcy is built on the fallacy that when two things occur together there is necessarily a causal relationship between them.\n\nQ3: Are medical bills the main reason why people in the United States file for bankruptcy?\nA3: A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2018 indicated that while hospital costs had an impact on bankruptcy, they were frequently just one of many contributing factors.\n\n\"...our findings suggest that medical factors play a much smaller role in causing U.S. bankruptcies than has previously been claimed. Overemphasizing “medical bankruptcies” may distract from understanding the true nature of economic hardship arising from high-cost health problems.\"\n\nQ4: What are the common causes of bankruptcies in the United States?\nA4: The common causes of bankruptcy include:\n\nDivorce\n\nExpensive Medical Bills caused by a disability or illness\n\nPoor Financial Management related to student loans, purchasing a car or home, etc.\n\nReduced income or job loss\n\nUnexpected emergencies, such as a car breaking down or catastrophic damage to your property\n\nQ5: What is the percentage of bankruptcies caused by medical bills?\nA5: More than 60 percent of bankruptcies are linked to medical bills",
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"content": "justification: Q7A 1 shows that contrary to what is claimed medical factors play a much smaller role in causing U.S. bankruptcies than has previously been claimed\nQ&A 2 is also contrary to the claim showing that evidence on medical bankruptcy is built on the fallacy that when two things occur together there is necessarily a causal relationship between them. along with Q&A's 4 also not agreeing with the claim\nHowever Q&A 5 shows that 60 percent of bankruptcies are linked to medical bills which conflicts with the other Q&A's so this is problematic for judging the claim.\n\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The CEO of McDonald's makes 2,100 times more than \"the people slinging hash\" at McDonald's\n\nQ1: Who was the CEO of McDonalds?\nA1: Stephen\nEasterbrook\nPresident and Chief\nExecutive Officer\n\nQ2: What was Stephen\nEasterbrook\nPresident and Chief\nExecutive Officer of McDonalds pay?\nA2: 21,761,052 in 2017\n\nQ3: What is the typical McDonald’s service crew worker paid?\nA3: the typical crew worker makes about $12,200.\n\nQ4: Is 21.8 million bigger than 7000?\nA4: Yes, because It is about 1,786 to one.",
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"content": "justification: The CEO of McDonald's makes $21.8million as at 2017, which is not 2,100 times more than \"the people slinging hash\" at McDonald's. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Rep. Tim Ryan of Ohio said: “The bottom 60 percent of Americans haven’t seen a raise since 1980.”\n\nQ1: Have lower paid workers in the US received a wage increase since 1980\nA1: In a 2019 report, EPI showed that every percentile had seen a cumulative percentage increase in real (inflation-adjusted) hourly wages.",
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"content": "justification: The source material contains more content but overall it refutes the claim. Answer may be cherrypicked.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The reason that they are separating these little children from their families is that they are using Section 1325 of that act, which criminalizes coming across the border to incarcerate the parents and then separate them. Some of us on this stage have called to end that section, to terminate it, some like Congressman O’Rourke have not.\n\nQ1: Does Section 1325 of the United States Code criminalize illegal entry into the country?\nA1: Yes, because Section 1325 is the part of the United States Code that criminalizes illegal entry into the country as a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment or fines.\n\nQ2: Has Congressman O’Rourke opposed repealing the Section 1325 law?\nA2: Yes, because Mr. O’Rourke has opposed repealing the law.\n\nQ3: What is Section 1325 of the United States Code ?\nA3: Section 1325 related to the punishment for illegal reentry to the UA. It states than an alien previously denied admission and removed, shall be fined under title 18, or imprisoned not more than 2 years, or both.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Evidence shows section 1325 criminalises crossing the border, and that O'Rourke opposed appealing it, but the claim is worded badly and is a copied quote. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The US-Iran nuclear deal pushed back a nuclear breakout by 10–20 years.\n\nQ1: What is the US-Iran nuclear deal?\nA1: The Iran nuclear deal effectively shuts Iran’s pathways to nuclear weapons while preserving its legal right to civilian nuclear energy. The deal substantially lengthens the time Iran would need to enrich enough uranium for nuclear weapons, putting eyes on the program to detect any activity toward overt weaponization and drastically increasing the chance of detecting any so-called secret “sneakout.”\n\nQ2: Is the Iran nuclear deal delaying a nuclear breakout?\nA2: The deal extends the time Iran would need to produce an atomic bomb from two or\nthree months to at least one year, which would give the United States and its allies an\nopportunity to react if the Iranians broke the agreement.\n\nQ3: Does the Iran nuclear deal limit Iran's ability to produce nuclear weapons?\nA3: It puts strong, verifiable limits on Iran’s ability to develop a nuclear weapon for at least the next 10 to 15 years and is potentially one of the most consequential accords in recent diplomatic history, with the ability not just to keep\nIran from obtaining a nuclear weapon but also to reshape Middle East politics.\n\nQ4: Will Iran be able to produce nuclear weapons once the limits are lifted?\nA4: After 15 years, all physical constraints on enrichment imposed\nby the agreement will be lifted. At that point, Iran could build an enrichment plant large enough to produce low-enriched uranium to fuel a nuclear power reactor within a matter of years.",
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"content": "justification: It seems that a nuclear breakout is a bit big of a statement, therefore the evidence is conflicting. From the 3rd QA it is evident that the deal is in place to prevent Iran from chaning middle eastern politics. Therefore the label is conflicting evidence\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In states like Connecticut that enacted a permit-to-purchase gun law, they saw 40 percent drops in gun violence and 15 percent drops in suicides.\n\nQ1: When did the permit-to-purchase gun law pass in Connecticut?\nA1: In 1995, a permit-to-purchase handgun law went into effect in Connecticut, stating that people who want to buy a gun must apply for a license (or permit) with the local police, a process that involves a background check, as well as complete at least eight hours of gun safety training.\n\nQ2: What were the amounts of gun violence in 1994 in Connecticut?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: How many suicides occurred in Connecticut in 1994?\nA3: No answer could be found.\n\nQ4: Did the amounts of gun violence decrease from 1995 in Connecticut?\nA4: No answer could be found.\n\nQ5: Did the amount of suicides decrease from 1995 in Connecticut?\nA5: In 1995, Connecticut established a \"permit to purchase\" law, which required a background check and eight hours of safety training for those seeking to buy a handgun.\n\nMissouri used to have a law like that, too, but repealed it in 2007.\n\nNew research shows what happened afterward. Firearm suicide rates fell 15.4 percent in Connecticut — but rose 16.1 percent in Missouri.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: There is a sufficient evidence supporting the 15 percent drops in suicides in states Connecticut, but none for 40 percent drops in gun violence. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: \"The wealthiest three families now own more wealth than the bottom half of the country.\"\n\nQ1: Who are the richest 3 people in the USA and what is their net wealth?\nA1: The three wealthiest individuals were Bill Gates of Microsoft with $89 billion, Jeff Bezos of Amazon with $81.5 billion and Warren Buffett of Berkshire Hathaway with $78 billion.\n\ntotal wealth of $248.5 billion\n\nQ2: What is the Total Net Worth of the bottom 50% of USA population?\nA2: The wealth of the bottom 160 million Americans,is $245 billion.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The answers and source show that they do own more money combined so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Sen Cory Booker said when Connecticut enacted a permit-to-purchase gun law, “they saw 40 percent drops in gun violence and 15 percent drops in suicides.”\n\nQ1: Did Connecticut enact a permit-to-purchase gun law?\nA1: Yes, because Following Connecticut’s implementation of a licensing law, the state’s firearm homicide rate declined 40 percent and the firearm suicide rate declined 15.4 percent.[1]\n\nQ2: Did they see a 40 percent drop in gun violence and 15 percent drops in suicides.”\nA2: Yes, because Following Connecticut’s implementation of a licensing law, the state’s firearm homicide rate declined 40 percent and the firearm suicide rate declined 15.4 percent.[1]",
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"content": "justification: The evidence supports the fact that once Connecticut enacted a permit-to-purchase gun law, there was a 40 percent drop in gun violence and a 15 percent drop in suicides. Hence, the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: About 30% of LGBTQ kids do not go to school because of fear.\n\nQ1: Did the Iran nucleur deal push back a nucleur breakout 10/20 yrs as claimed by Booker ?\nA1: “First and foremost, it was a mistake to pull out of that deal,” Cory said. “And one of the reasons why we are seeing this hostility now is because Donald Trump is marching us toward a far more dangerous situation. Literally, he took us out of a deal that gave us transparency into their nuclear program and pushed back a nuclear breakout 10-20 years, and now we see Iran threatening to go further and we are being pulled further and further into this crisis.\n\nQ2: Is Tim Ryan correct in saying that the bottom 60% of American households are not getting raises ?\nA2: This is incorrect. The bottom 60% have seen their income rise since 1980. \n\nIt’s unclear where Ryan is pulling this statistic from, but a 2018 report from the Congressional Budget Office says that the bottom 60% saw an increase in household income of 32% -- adjusted for inflation -- from 1979 to 2015. \n\nMeanwhile the top 1% saw their income rise by 233%.\n\nQ3: Was Booker correct in saying that the private insurance overhead was 15 percent while Medicare’s was only at 2 percent ?\nA3: It’s true that the most recent Trustees Report of the Medicare system puts total “administrative expenses” at $9.9 billion last year. That’s actually 1.3 percent of total Medicare expenditures for the year — even less than the 2 percent figure Booker cited. So far, so good. Our conclusion: Booker and others using this and similar claims have a point — Medicare does spend less on administration than private insurers. But it’s not so simple as they would have you believe.\n\nQ4: Did the permit-to-purchase gun law reduced 40 percent drops in gun violence and 15 percent drops in suicides \n as claimed by Booker ?\nA4: Booker’s claims about the effect of the permit-to-purchase law passed in Connecticut in 1995 come from two studies. The first, published in the American Journal of Public Health in 2015 concluded that “the law was associated with a 40% reduction in Connecticut’s firearm homicide rates during the first 10 years that the law was in place.” The second, published in Preventive Medicine in 2015, found a 15.4% reduction in suicide rates associated with Connecticut’s law\n\nQ5: Was Beto O’Rourke correct in saying that Purdue Pharma had paid no consequences in connection to the opioid crisis ?.\nA5: This claim is incorrect.\nIn 2007, the company and three executives pleaded guilty in federal court to charges relating to “misbranding” OxyContin. Collectively, they agreed to pay more than $634 million in fines and other payments — what was described by the New York Times as “one of the largest amounts ever paid by a drug company in such a case.”\n\nStates also have recently taken action against the company: In March, the Oklahoma Attorney General’s Office reached a $270 million settlement with Purdue after alleging the company and others were to blame for the state’s opioid epidemic.\n\nQ6: Is Booker correct in saying that about 30 % of LGBTQ kids do not goto school because of fear ?\nA6: More specifically, the CDC survey found that 12.5% of LGB students missed one day of school or more because they felt they would be unsafe at school or on their way to or from school, compared with 5.6% of all students, 4.6% of heterosexual students and 10.8% of students who weren’t sure.\n\nQ7: What is the percentage of LGBTQ students missing one or more days of school due to feeling unsafe at school?\nA7: The 2017 GLSEN National School Climate Survey found that 35 percent of LGBTQ students said they missed at least one day of school in the month prior to taking the survey due to feeling unsafe at school.\n\nQ8: How many students identified as LGBTQ+ in the 2017 GLSEN National School Climate Survey?\nA8: This latest report surveyed 23,001 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer students between the ages of 13 and 21. Respondents hailed from all 50 states, D.C. and U.S. territories.",
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"content": "justification: The 6th and 7th Q&A show conflicting evidence. One says 12.5% and one says 35% so the claim has conflicting evidence. Lots of the results are also unrelated to the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Sen. Cory Booker claimed the Iran nuclear deal “pushed back a nuclear breakout 10, 20 years.” during the 2020 U.S presidential debate\n\nQ1: Was there a nuclear deal with Iran?\nA1: Sen. Cory Booker claimed the Iran nuclear deal “pushed back a nuclear breakout 10, 20 years.” The deal pushed back the breakout time from two or three months to one year for at least 10 years.\n\nQ2: How long did the Iran agreement delay the breakout time?\nA2: The deal extends the time Iran would need to produce an atomic bomb from two or\nthree months to at least one year, which would give the United States and its allies an\nopportunity to react if the Iranians broke the agreement.\n\nQ3: What is the Iran agreement?\nA3: Known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, this deal:\n\nCuts off all of Iran’s pathways to a nuclear weapon, including a covert pathway\n\nPuts in place vigorous, intrusive, and unprecedented\ntransparency measures that are necessary to verify that Iran cannot pursue a weapon\n\nEnsures sanctions can be snapped back into place if Iran violates the deal\n\nQ4: Will the physical constraints on enrichment imposed by the agreement be eventually lifted?\nA4: Yes, because After 15 years, all physical constraints on enrichment imposed\nby the agreement will be lifted. At that point, Iran could build\nan enrichment plant large enough to produce low-enriched uranium to fuel a nuclear power reactor within a matter of years.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: There is no information as the when the Iran nuclear deal was made. There are conflicting answers regarding the impact. \n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Sen. Cory Booker claimed private insurance overhead was 15 percent, while Medicare’s was “only at 2 percent.”\n\nQ1: What were Medicare's admin expenses as a percentage of total expenses in 2018?\nA1: 1.3%\n\nQ2: How does the overhead charge for healthcare compare to the admin cost of healthcare?\nA2: Comparing data for the public Medicare with private Medicare, we show that the administrative expenses percentage of benefits for the public system is much lower.\nThe definitions are incompatible and not reconcilable between the systems.\nWe expand the focus to more financial data. Per-member income and benefits are larger for the public Medicare and grew faster than Medicare Part C, reversing earlier trends. The public Medicare is not solvent in many years, whereas the insurers’ Medicare has an 85% loss ratio.\n\nQ3: Are there other reasons that these numbers are incomparable.\nA3: Yes, because Medicare beneficiaries are all age 65 or over, or disabled, and on average have much larger medical bills than the mostly under-65 population served by private health insurance. A 2006 study estimated that in 2003, the average medical cost for Medicare was $6,600 per person per year while the average medical cost for private health insurance (excluding out-of-pocket costs) was less than half that — $2,700 per person per year.\n\nQ4: Did Sen. Cory Booker actually claim this?\nA4: Yes, because The debate season for the 2020 presidential election kicked off with 10 Democratic candidates taking the stage in Miami and exaggerating or garbling the facts on Iran, wages, Medicare, the opioid crisis and guns.",
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"content": "justification: Q&A 4 states that the claim was made by the person as claimed in the claim, \nQ&A 1 states that Medicare's overhead is only 1.3% not 2 as claimed, (0.7%diffrence)\nQ&A 3 shows that actually The definitions are incompatible and not reconcilable between the systems. so comparing Medicares overhead cost to private health cares in this way is incorrect, with Q&A 3 listing good points why these figures are incompatible in the way claim shows.\n\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Purdue Pharma has been able to act with complete impunity and pay no consequences for the opioid crisis. Not a single night in jail.\n\nQ1: Has Purdue Pharma faced legal action in the past?\nA1: Yes, because John L. Brownlee, United States Attorney for the Western District of Virginia, and Virginia\nAttorney General Bob McDonnell announced today that The Purdue Frederick Company, Inc.,\nalong with its President, Chief Legal Officer, and former Chief Medical Officer have pleaded guilty to charges of misbranding Purdue’s addictive and highly abusable drug OxyContin.\n\nQ2: What was the reason for Purdue Pharma's legal action?\nA2: The Purdue Frederick Company, Inc., and the three executives have\nadmitted that Purdue fraudulently marketed OxyContin by falsely claiming that OxyContin\nwas less addictive, less subject to abuse, and less likely to cause withdrawal symptoms than\nother pain medications when there was no medical research to support these claims and\nwithout Food and Drug Administration approval of these claims.\n\nQ3: What were Purdue Pharma's consequences for the charges of misbranding of Purdue’s addictive and highly abusable drug OxyContin?\nA3: Purdue and the three executives will pay a total of $634,515,475.\n\nQ4: Has Purdue Pharma faced any other legal action?\nA4: Yes, because Five more states filed lawsuits against Purdue Pharma on Thursday, bringing to 44 the total number accusing the OxyContin maker of fueling the nation's opioid crisis.\n\nQ5: has the company been able to act with complete impunity and pay no consequences\nA5: No, because In 2007, the company and three executives pleaded guilty in federal court to charges relating to “misbranding” OxyContin. Collectively, they agreed to pay more than $634 million in fines and other payments — what was described by the New York Times as “one of the largest amounts ever paid by a drug company in such a case.",
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"content": "justification: Purdue Pharma has indeed faced consequences for the opioid crisis. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Despite what Purdue Pharma has done; their connection to the opioid crisis and the overdose deaths throughout the United States, as of 26/06/2019 they have been able to act with complete impunity and pay no consequences.\n\nQ1: What consequences have Purdue Pharma, the maker of OxyContin paid in light of the alleged connection to the opioid crisis and the overdose deaths in the United States?\nA1: Purdue Pharma, the maker of Oxycontin, has settled with Oklahoma for $270 million after it was accused of fueling the nation's opioid epidemic; the charges that Purdue deceptively marketed OxyContin would have been on full display in a state hit hard by the opioid crisis.\n\nQ2: As of the date of the claim have Purdue Pharma, the maker of OxyContin faced criminal charges in light of the alleged connection to the opioid crisis and the overdose deaths in the United States?\nA2: The company, Purdue Pharma, got five years probation and must pay the huge fines, and the three individuals involved - Michael Friedman, who is the former president; Howard Udell, who is the chief counsel; and Paul Goldenheim, the medical director, formerly - they all got three years probation and 400 hours of community service work.\n\nQ3: What is complete impunity?\nA3: Impunity means \"exemption from punishment or loss or escape from fines\".[1] In the international law of human rights, it refers to the failure to bring perpetrators of human rights violations to justice and, as such, itself constitutes a denial of the victims' right to justice and redress.\n\nQ4: Was the US Opioid epidemic that involved the misbranding of Oxycontin a Human Rights violation and was there denial of the victims' right to justice and redress.\nA4: To address America’s opioid epidemic from the premise that there is a right to the highest attainable standard of health, that standard must be applied to the epidemic; To prevent addiction, prescribing fewer opioids for shorter periods at lower dosages works.",
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"content": "justification: They have been punished as a consequence of court findings involving fines, probation and community service for employees.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The bottom 60 percent of US employees haven’t seen a wage raise since 1980.\n\nQ1: Have lower paid workers wages rose in the US since 1980?\nA1: Americans pay checks are bigger than 40 years ago but their purchasing power has hardly budged.\n\nQ2: How much have wages grown for the bottom 60 percent of US employees percent?\nA2: No answer could be found.",
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"content": "justification: Nothing points towards the fact that 60 percent of Us employees haven't seen a wage since 1980\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenyan Singer Ringtone Apoko found dead in a waste bin in Karen, Kenya.\n\nQ1: When was the claim made?\nA1: 25 June 2019\n\nQ2: Has Kenyan singer Ringtone Apoko made any appearances after June 25th, 2019?\nA2: Yes, because Ringtone Apoko appeared on Radio Maisha on the 28th of June 2019.\n\nQ3: Has Ringtone Apoko been in an accident?\nA3: Yes, because Ringtone Apoko was in a car accident on the 9th of July 2019, but confirmed that he was not hurt.\n\nQ4: Has Ringtone Apoko been in a recent accident?\nA4: Yes, because Ringtone Apoko was in a car accident on the 9th of July 2019, but confirmed that he was not hurt.",
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"content": "justification: The person who is cliamed to have died on 25th of June 2019 has been reported seen after that date, Q&A state reports are that the person is alive.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A group of 15-20 miscreants are on the loose in parts of Malad and Dahisar and asks residents not to open their doors at night if they hear a baby crying outside.\n\nQ1: Are there any news reports matching the claim?\nA1: No, one of the examples used in the claim video is from a different incident.\n\nQ2: Have the police made an official statement?\nA2: When asked for comment they said:\n\n\"This post has been viral for the last one-and-a-half years. People keep asking me and I keep telling them it’s fake. I have been posted in Dahisar police station since August 4, 2017. Before me, there was an officer named Subhash Sawant in my position. He was here for one-and-a-half years. Before him, another officer named Prakash Jadhav served here for two years in this position. No one here has heard of a senior police inspector named Ramkant Patil in several years.\"",
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"content": "justification: The 2nd Q&A pair states that the Dahisar police named in the claim in fact made a statement saying the claim is fake and no such events have taken place.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Former Kenyan election commissioner Roselyn Akombe has died.\n\nQ1: Did Roselyn Akombe publish something on her Twitter account after this claim was made?\nA1: Yes, because She tweeted: \"I’m grateful and overwhelmed by your calls and messages of support. I don’t take any of them for granted. And to those who mourned me, I am really sorry for the pain caused to you. But I am equally touched by the kind words you had for my ‘obituary’😂💪🏾👊🏿\"",
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"content": "justification: The answer shows that the commissioner had not died and was fake news so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: More Americans are uninsured today than when US President Donald Trump took office.\n\nQ1: How many people were uninsured in 2016, the year before Trump took office?\nA1: 28.6 million people. That represents 9% of the population.\n\nQ2: How many people were uninsured in 2018?\nA2: 30.4 million people. That represents 9.4% of the population.\n\nQ3: Is U.S. Sen. Baldwin right that more Americans are without health insurance?\nA3: Jan. 23, 2019, Gallup report: \"U.S. Uninsured Rate Rises to Four-Year High.\"\n— April 25, 2019, Georgetown University Health Policy Institute: \"Updated CBO Estimates Find Uninsured Increased by 1.4 Million Between 2016 and 2018.\"\n— Jan. 23, 2019, Forbes: \"Uninsured rate hits four-year high amid Trump’s Obamacare attacks.\" \n\n— May 9, 2019, USA Today: \"CDC: 1.1 million more American lost health insurance coverage in 2018.\" \n— Jan. 23, 2019, Los Angeles Times: \"Uninsured rate under Trump surges to highest level since Obamacare began.\" \nThe U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics report on health insurance shows there were 28.6 million people uninsured in 2016, the year before Trump took office. That represents 9% of the population.\nIn 2018, that number showed 30.4 million people, or 9.4% of people all ages were without insurance.",
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"content": "justification: From January 2028 there was reports on more Americans becoming uninsured \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Russia is not using illegitimate sanctions against Georgia.\n\nQ1: Is Russia using illegitimate sanctions against Georgia?\nA1: We have seen the Russian consumer-protection agency politicize trade and ban certain products when political relations with Russia deteriorate, not only in Georgia, but also in the Baltics, Moldova, Ukraine, and Central Asia,” Sergi Kapanadze, the Dean of the Caucasus School of Governance at the Caucasus University in Tbilisi wrote in a 2014 policy memo for the European Council on Foreign relations.\n\nQ2: What are the sanctions imposed by Russia against Georgia?\nA2: After the Rose Revolution brought Saakashvili to power in 2004, Moscow soon began applying energy sanctions to the recalcitrant Georgian leader. As with other defiant ex-Soviet states, Georgia was subjected to massive gas price increases. From 2004 to 2006 the price demanded by Gazprom, the Russian state gas monopoly, increased by nearly 500 percent, from $50 to $235 per thousand cubic meters.19 Moscow tried to portray this as a ‘normal’ price increase, designed to bring Georgia in line with prices charged to Moscow's West European purchasers, which the Kremlin described as the “world market price.” Yet the political rationale was clear. First, price increases were targeted carefully to states which angered Moscow. Georgia, in fact, was treated the worst of any state—it was the first to be forced to pay full ‘Western’ prices, even ahead of Ukraine. Russia's most dramatic action, though, took place on January 22, 2006. Just days earlier it had stopped gas supplies to the Ukraine, allegedly over a pricing dispute. But it seemed that simply turning off the gas valves, even in midwinter, was not enough of a punishment for Georgia. Russia announced that both main gas lines to Georgia had been cut by bomb blasts, allegedly the work of Chechen separatists.23 Doubts were quickly raised. Why would Chechens target Georgia, a state which was at worst neutral in their dispute with Russia—and perhaps covertly a supporter, as Moscow alleged? Although it was never proven, many believed that Moscow had cut the lines deliberately, to weaken Saakashvili's government. Georgia suffered through a few days of closed schools and factories and freezing homes until gas service was restored.24\n\nQ3: What's meant by illigitimate sanctions?\nA3: Max Weber\nfamously defined political legitimacy as the de facto ability of a political regime to\nsecure acceptance based on belief (‘Legitimita¨tsglaube’) as opposed to securing compliance based on coercion alone.6 In ‘Reply to Habermas’ Rawls dismisses the sociological\nor descriptive concept of political legitimacy associated with Weber as insufficient.7 Not\nbecause he thinks that Weber is wrong to focus on de facto acceptance of political\nauthority, but because Rawls thinks that any sufficient definition of legitimacy would\nLangvatn 133\nDownloaded from psc.sagepub.com by guest on January 18, 2016\nhave to acknowledge that there must be a benchmark of appropriate acceptance, or a\nbenchmark for when our belief that something is legitimate is appropriate. A full examination of political legitimacy must also ask whether\nthe agent who made the decision is authorized to make the decision, and whether the\ndecision has been made in accordance with established and recognized procedures that\nare themselves appropriately authorized and sufficiently just.",
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"content": "justification: the russian santions against georgia are not legal and authroised. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Ninety percent of the people applying for asylum never show up for their immigration court hearing in the months ahead.\n\nQ1: What percentage of migrants show up to immigration court hearings, in the United States?\nA1: Data show that 96 percent of asylum applicants show up to all their immigration court hearings.\n\nQ2: Does the United States government provide defensive asylum seekers with appointed immigration lawyers?\nA2: Right to due process\n\nWhat the law says: The Fifth Amendment states that “no person … shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.”\n\nThe issue of due process is at the heart of many immigration cases, including Reno v. Flores, the 1993 Supreme Court case that has returned to the spotlight with the surge in family separations. The case led to an agreement requiring the government to release children to their parents, a relative or a licensed program within 20 days.\n\nIn the ruling, Justice Antonin Scalia wrote “it is well established that the Fifth Amendment entitles aliens to due process of law in deportation proceedings.”\n\nHow it works in practice: Immigrants have the right to due process. But in reality, says, Andrew Arthur, a resident fellow in law and policy at the conservative Center for Immigration Studies, “courts of law run the gamut.”\n\nIn some cases, immigrants are not granted a hearing at all. When asked about the president’s tweet, White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders pointed to the process of “expedited removal,” which was created by the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996.\n\n“Just because you don’t see a judge doesn’t mean you aren’t receiving due process,” Sanders said.\n\nUnder the expedited removal process, immigrants who have been in the country illegally for less than two years and are apprehended within 100 miles of the border can be deported almost immediately without going through a court hearing.\n\nThe exception is asylum seekers, who must be granted a hearing.\n\nThose who are not processed through expedited removal have the right to due process in an immigration court, where the main goal is to decide whether a person has a legal claim to remain in the U.S.\n\n“In immigration court, you have very few rights,” said John Gihon, an immigration attorney who spent six years as a prosecutor for U.S. Immigration and Cust",
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"content": "justification: data shows 96% of asylum seeker show up for their court hearings. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The UN recommends a police-population ratio of one police officer to 220 people\n\nQ1: Has the UN Recommended that a police force should have one police officer for every 220 people?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: Has a proposed police officer to person ration been mentioned before elsewhere?\nA2: in 1945. one American policeman oversaw 450 German civilians. Its success at the time has tended to inform international policing, with the ratio being passed down from one UN document to another over the years.",
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"content": "justification: Without more information about where this claim was initiated and a question posed as to what is the ideal the ratio of people to policemen, it is not possible to verify this claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Russia violated South Korean airspace\n\nQ1: Did any neutral countries have an opinion on what happened?\nA1: Japan meanwhile has protested against both Russia and South Korea.\n\nBecause it claims sovereignty over the islands, Japan's government said that Russia had violated its airspace. It also said that South Korea's response was extremely regrettable.\n\nQ2: What are the defence zones of South Korea ?\nA2: South Korea claims Russia went beyond its ADIZ (air defence identification zone ) and into the territorial airspace surrounding the islands.\n\nBut other nations do not recognise South Korea's claim of sovereignty.",
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"content": "justification: Q1 is too vague and \"opinions\" aren't facts. I'm not sure that Japan could be considered a \"neutral country\".\nQ2 A question about air defence identification zones would have been better but even then the question doesn't specifically address the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Russian Mercenaries in Syria are Private Contractors and They Are Not Engaged in Combat\n\nQ1: Have Russian mercenaries been engaged in combat in Syria?\nA1: Yes, because The Russian mercenaries fighting in Syria say they are not in the country for the money or to help Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.\nEarly last month, an unknown number of Russian mercenaries -- some reports say a dozen, others as many as 200 -- were killed by U.S. air strikes during fighting in Syria. The men were hired by a private military contracting firm called ChVK Vagner, which has been sending Russians to fight in Syria since 2015.\n\nQ2: Is ChVK Vagner sponsored by Russia?\nA2: Mark Galeotti, a researcher with the Institute of International Relations in Prague, has written extensively on the topic of Wagner and Russia’s use of mercenaries as a potentially deniable asset. According to him, Wagner cannot be considered a legitimate private military company.\n\n“I tend to call Wagner a pseudo-mercenary outfit because it is somewhere in between,” Galeotti told Polygraph.info. “Given that it seems largely bankrolled through Evro Polis [a company owned by Prigozhin], and it has a contract with the Syrian government worth 25% of the output of any gas and oil fields it recovers, there is clearly some truly mercenary aspect, even if much of the time it is working for the Russian command cell in Damascus.”\n\nBut while he acknowledges a possible change in Wagner’s ownership, Galeotti agreed that the organization was undoubtedly tied to the Russian state, at least in the beginning: “I don't think there is any question they were originally a state-sponsored op, is there?”\n\nAnd given the fact that wounded fighters still appear to be receiving treatment at Russian military hospitals, possibly arriving on Russian military transport aircraft, it appears that Russian authorities know far more about Wagner and its activities than they have so far admitted in public.\n\nQ3: Have any Russian mercenaries received state medals of the type usually awarded to military personnel?\nA3: Yes, because According to Fontanka, Troshev (Wagners executive director) was awarded the Hero of Russia honor for assisting in the capture of Palmyra. Bogatov also reportedly won this title. Kuznetsov and Uktin have reportedly won the Order of Courage four times.",
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"content": "justification: Evidence provided that Russian mercenaries are strongly linked to Russian state and that they are engaged in combat in Syria - this counters both claims.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A bridge that collapsed on the Jamnagar-Junagadh highway was only inaugurated three months before its collapse.\n\nQ1: Which bridge collapsed\nA1: The Kolkata bridge\n\nQ2: How old was the bridge when it collapsed\nA2: The bridge was 50 years old",
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"content": "justification: The answers and source clearly show that the bridge was older than 3 months old so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Jamnagar Junagarh Highway bridge that collapsed, was inaugurated by PM Modi.\n\nQ1: Did Modi inaugurate the Jamnagar Junagarh Highway bridge?\nA1: No, because The bridge was constructed before Modi became PM.",
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"content": "justification: The bridge was constructed prior to Modi becoming pm. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Jamnagar-Junagarh highway bridge in India collapsed within 3 months of inauguration.\n\nQ1: Which Bridge collapsed?\nA1: Jamnagar-Junagarh highway bridge\n\nQ2: Was the bridge built only 3 months prior to the collapse?\nA2: No, Google earth has an image showing the bridge is already there in 2009\n\nQ3: Was the bridge inaugurated by PM modi?\nA3: Alt News contacted GV Joshi, the executive engineer at Road and Buildings department in Rajkot to confirm the approximate time of construction. He said, “No it’s not all true. The bridge was built at least 45 years ago. It is also not true that the bridge was inaugurated by PM Modi.”",
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"content": "justification: The Q&As show that the claim is incorrect, the evidence shows that the bridge did not collapse within 3 months of inauguration. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Muslims in Bangalore have named a mosque after Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.\n\nQ1: How many mosques are in Bangaluru (Bangalore)?\nA1: There are 400 mosques in Bengaluru.\n\nQ2: Is there a mosque called Modi Masjid in Bangalore?\nA2: Yes, because There are three. The one in question is the Modi Abdul Gafoor Masjid.\n\nQ3: Was the mosque named after Prime Minister Narendra Modi?\nA3: The mosque was named after Modi Abdul Gafoor, a 19th century merchant. Apart from this mosque, there are two more mosques are in Bengaluru known as Modi Masjid.",
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"content": "justification: There are mosques with the name Modi but they are not named after the Prime minister but an historic figure.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
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"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Founding father of the United States, Patrick Henry said, “It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this great nation was founded, not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religions, but on the gospel of Jesus Christ. For this very reason peoples of other faiths have been afforded asylum, prosperity, and freedom of worship here.”\n\nQ1: Was Patrick Henry a founding father of the United States?\nA1: No, because Henry served as a delegate to both the first and second Continental Congresses and was largely responsible for the establishment of a colonial militia. He helped draft a constitution for the new state of Virginia and served as its first governor from 1776 to 1779, when Thomas Jefferson succeeded him. After serving again as governor from 1784 to 1786, Henry was elected to the Constitutional Convention of 1787, but he declined to attend. At the Virginia ratifying convention, he opposed the federal Constitution, believing it to be a threat to state sovereignty.\n\nQ2: Dad Patrick Henry say “It cannot be emphasized too strongly or too often that this great nation was founded, not by religionists, but by Christians; not on religions, but on the gospel of Jesus Christ. For this very reason peoples of other faiths have been afforded asylum, prosperity, and freedom of worship here.”?\nA2: No, because The Virginian, April 1956, Vol. II No. 3",
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"content": "justification: Patrick Henry is not the founding father of the United States and also did not state the claims quote - it actually comes from The Virginian, April 1956, Vol. II No. 3.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Margaret Hello was phone inventor Alexander Graham Bell’s girlfriend\n\nQ1: When was the telephone invented?\nA1: On March 7, 1876, Bell was granted his telephone patent. A few days later, he made the first-ever telephone call to Watson, allegedly uttering the now-famous phrase, “Mr. Watson, come here. I want you.”\n\nQ2: Did Bell have a girlfriend at the time?\nA2: While teaching, Bell met Mabel Hubbard, a deaf student. The couple married on July 11, 1877.\n\nQ3: Who was Margaret Hello?\nA3: No answer could be found.\n\nQ4: Where does the word \"hello\" originate from?\nA4: Hello (first attested in 1826), from holla, hollo (attested 1588). This variant of hallo is often credited to Thomas Edison as a coinage for telephone use, but its appearance in print predates the invention of the telephone by several decades.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: There are no QA that would indicate that Margaret Hello was bell's girlfriend. The 3rd QA says that there is not answer. Therefore the claim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A black woman named Malinda Borden Died when the titanic sank because the life boats were reserved for white people only.\n\nQ1: Was Malinda Borden on the titanic passenger list?\nA1: No, because The name is not listed on the passenger list\n\nQ2: Was Malinda Borden listed as not accounted for after the titanic sank?\nA2: No, because Not listed on a missing or unaccounted for list.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Q&A pairs state that the person named in query was not even on board the ship named in query.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 1.9 million more children are in good and outstanding schools.\n\nQ1: Where countries schools does the claim refer to?\nA1: England, U.K.\n\nQ2: Who rates schools performance in the U.K?\nA2: The Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills (Ofsted) inspects and regulates services that care for children and young people and services that provide education and skills for learners of all ages.\n\nQ3: do 1.9 million children attend a school rated good or outstanding by Ofsted in the U.K?\nA3: Yes, because It’s factually accurate\n\nQ4: How many children are in schools that havn't been rated by Ofsted?\nA4: 580,000 pupils were in schools that hadn’t even been inspected since 2010.\n\nQ5: Does the 1.9 million figure give an accurate impression of how schools in the U.K work for their pupils?\nA5: It’s factually accurate, The problem is that it fails an important test of any statistic – it does not show the user what the\nproducer believes it shows. In this case, it does not adequately demonstrate that standards in\nschools have improved since 2010, at least not to the extent that a quarter of all pupils are in\nsignificantly better schools because of any policy intervention",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Figure fails to honestly account for rise in school population and change in grading system.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria is top in Africa for suicide.\n\nQ1: What is Nigeria'S rank in suicide rate\nA1: Nigeria had an age-standardised suicide rate of 17.3 per 100,000 people in 2016, which placed it seventh on the continent.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Nigeria has the seventh highest suicide rate not the first.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Irish poet and playwright Oscar Wilde once said, “Some cause happiness wherever they go; others whenever they go.”\n\nQ1: Who was Oscar Wilde?\nA1: Wilde was a poet, novelist and playwright who featured prominently in the aestheticism movement, in which beauty was considered to be the primary purpose of art. Two of his best known works, the 1895 satirical play “The Importance of Being Earnest” and the 1891 philosophical novel “The Picture of Dorian Gray,” are both considered literary classics.\n\nQ2: Does this quote appear In any of his works?\nA2: nowhere in these works, or any of his others, does the phrase about happiness appear. A search of his complete works turned up no matching or similar expressions.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: There is no evidence of this quote ever being said or written by Oscar wilde, so the claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Pakistan cricketers were out till late at night smoking hookah before their match against India which led to their loss\n\nQ1: When was the match against India, where the players were seen out the night before?\nA1: on the Sunday\n\nQ2: What date was the video from?\nA2: The video was from the night of June 14 (Friday) not Saturday as being alleged by fans and on social media. \n\nIn a statement, the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) clarified that no player had violated curfew and returned to their hotel rooms’ on-time the night before Pakistan’s match against India. The board added that players had gone out with their families two days before the match.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The Video of the event was 2 days before (friday) and the match was on the Sunday.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Four in ten fathers will not see their children this Father’s Day.\n\nQ1: Did four in ten dads not see their children this Father’s Day?\nA1: Incorrect. 37% of fathers who responded to a recent survey said that either they, or someone they knew, had ever experienced not seeing their children on Father's Day.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Evidence in Q and A pair shows 37% of 1000 fathers surveyed have experienced not seeing their kids on Father’s Day in the UK - this is lower than 4 in 10 fathers and also is not necessarily a good predictor of how many fathers will not see their children on the upcoming Father’s Day.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau is converting to Islam from Christianity.\n\nQ1: Where was this claim published?\nA1: Vatican Enquirer\n\nQ2: What is Vatican Enquirer?\nA2: The Vatican Enquirer is a satirical look at headlines around the world.\nThe stories are not real and purely fictional. All details are fabricated, and is not intended for readers under 18 years of age. Invented names are use in all of its stories, except in cases of known public figures being satirized. Any other use of real names is purely accidental and coincidental.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: From the 2ndQA it is evident that the website is satirical. Therefore thclaim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A little girl photographed in a hospital bed receives a dollar for a kidney transplant every time someone shares a Facebook post.\n\nQ1: Does Facebook offer to donate money based on the numbers or shares a post gets?\nA1: No, because It is a known like and share scam which lures people into liking or sharing a page or image by claiming Facebook will donate a given sum of money for each action,",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Described as a scam in the QA Pair.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Two brands of salt in India, Samnhar refined salt and Tata salt contain high levels of toxic compound potassium ferrocyanide.\n\nQ1: Is potassium ferrocyanide toxic?\nA1: Sodium, potassium and calcium ferrocyanide were evaluated by a working group established by the Nordic Council of Ministers in 2000. Sodium, potassium and calcium ferrocyanide were not considered to cause a safety problem due to the very small quantities consumed.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: Ferrocyanides are of low acute toxicity and not mutagenic or carcinogenic. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez claimed Amazon was paying full-time employees so little that they required government food assistance.\n\nQ1: How much did Amazon pay their workers in 2019?\nA1: In November 2018, Amazon raised it's minimum wage to $15 an hour, or $35,096 for a full time employee.\n\nQ2: What were Amazon wages prior to this date?\nA2: Prior to 2018, half of Amazon's workers made less than $35,096 as the $15 an hour minimum wage wasn't yet in effect.\n\nQ3: What is the federal poverty level in 2019?\nA3: The federal poverty level in 2019 is $25,750.\n\nQ4: How many Amazon workers rely on government food assistance?\nA4: Depending on the state, as many as 1 in 3 Amazon workers get food stamps in Arizona, and 1 in 10 in both Ohio and Pennsylvania.\n\nQ5: Is a full time worker for Amazon earning above the poverty line?\nA5: Yes, because With the wage increase from amazon,full time employees earn above the poverty line.\n\nQ6: With the wage increase will Amazon employees need to rely on government food assistance?\nA6: This depends on the state, extra benefits, hours worked and age of children. Some may still be eligible for food stamps.\n\nQ7: At the time of the claim (June 2019) was their data to say amazon workers were using food assistance programs?\nA7: Yes, because but only before the 2019 wage rise, was it a top employer of SNAP recipients in at least five states",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The QA pairs confirm that some but not all amazon workers were in receipt of food stamps with factors such as State, extra benefits, hours worked and age of children playing factors in who received them.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'",
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Presidential Spokesperson Salvador Panelo said that the Filipino fishermen involved in the boat sinking incident in the West Philippine Sea were only hallucinating.\n\nQ1: Where was Panel's comment about Filipino fishermen hallucinating over sunken ship posted?\nA1: In a Facebook meme.\n\nQ2: What comment has Panelo made about hallucinating?\nA2: Panelo said about Lawyer Jude Sabio that \"He is hallucinating and just wants to publicize himself.\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The evidence suggests that a previous quote on another subject was used to create a meme about this topic. Therefore not a real quote about the fishermen. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: School Kids Touching A Soldier's Feet Is From India\n\nQ1: Is the video showing a child touching a soldier's feet from India?\nA1: No, because The video was posted originally on May 30th 2019 on Hiru News, and has been shown to be from Sri Lanka.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer shows that the video is from Sri Lanka and so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Sri Lanka has been ranked in the top four most corrupt nations in the world\n\nQ1: Which Country is the most most corrupt nation globally?\nA1: Alexander E.M. Hess, Michael Sauter | 24/7 Wall Street\n\nMore than half of the world's population believes corruption in the public sector is a very serious problem. Liberia and Mongolia are the two most corrupt countries in the world, according to a recent study. In both countries, 86% of residents believe corruption in the public sector is a very serious problem. Residents in the vast majority of countries around the world believe corruption has only gotten worse in the past two years.\n\nAnti-corruption nonprofit Transparency International has released its 2013 Global Corruption Barometer, which surveyed residents in 107 countries. The world's corrupt nations differ in many ways. Four are located in Africa, three in Latin America and two in Asia. These nations also vary considerably in size and population. Mongolia has just 3.2 million residents, while Mexico, Nigeria and Russia are three of the largest countries on the globe, each with more than 100 million people. Based on the percentage of surveyed residents that reported corruption in the public sector is a very serious problem, these are the world's most corrupt nations\n\nQ2: Is Sri Lanka among the top four most corrupt nations in the world?\nA2: Below are the top 10 most corrupt countries in the world, according to the U.S. News and World Report for 2018. The data was compiled from the 2018 Best Countries rankings, an analysis of 80 countries based on a survey of over 21,000 citizens around the world. The survey gauged how participants perceived the corruption in other countries.\n1. Nigeria\n\n2. Colombia\n\n3. Pakistan\n\n4. Iran\n\n5. Mexico\n\n6. Ghana\n\n7. Angola\n\n8. Russ",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Corruption can be measured in many ways but neither of the sources cited here put Sri Lanka in the top four. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Boris Johnson said a variety of outrageous things about Scotland and its resources.\n\nQ1: Where was the claim made from\nA1: It was made on The National\n\nQ2: Is the post from a real piece of reporting\nA2: the site says \"For the avoidance of doubt, this piece is a parody\"\n\nQ3: Does the post state that it is real news?\nA3: No, because the site says \"For the avoidance of doubt, this piece is a parody\"",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: QA pair states comments made are parody.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The public sector wage bill continues to rise in Kenya.\n\nQ1: How much have public servant wages risen by between 2013 and 2018 in Kenya?\nA1: KSh374.9 billion in 2013 to KSh604.3 billion in 2018 with a total rise of KSh229.4 billion within the six years.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The public servant wages have risen in the last 6 years and therefore the claim seems accurate. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenya's economic growth is well above the sub-Saharan Africa region average growth of 3% and the global average of 3.6%.\n\nQ1: How did Kenya's economic growth in 2018 compare to other members of the East African Community?\nA1: It was behind Tanzania (6.6%) and Rwanda (8.6%), but ahead of Uganda (6.2%) and Burundi (0.1%). -\n\nQ2: What did the IMF estimate Kenya's economic growth for 2018?\nA2: The IMF estimated Kenya’s economic growth for 2018 at 6.0%",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: It seems from the Q&As that the Kenyas growth is above the global average. Its not as clear about the sub-saharan region but it must be above 3%. So the claim is supported. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: On 13 June 2019 Kenya’s finance minister Henry Rotich claimed that Kenyas growth is the highest to have been recorded for the past 8 years.\n\nQ1: What was Kenya's highest GDP year in the 8 years prior to 2019?\nA1: most up to date information from Kenya National Bureau of Statistics states 2018 was the Highest GDP year at 6.3%",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer lacks figures for the previous 8 years, but suggests the claim is true. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 25% of drug users in Nigeria are women\n\nQ1: How many Nigerian drug users are women?\nA1: Among every 4 drug users in Nigeria, 1 is a woman.\n\nQ2: How many Nigerians use drugs?\nA2: The 2019 prevalence of any drug use is\nestimated at 14.4 per cent, corresponding to 14.3 million people",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The math on the question seems to be a bit confusing, everything 4th person is a woman, which would then imply that indeed 25% are women users. In that case the claim is supported\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: \"Kenya has been ranked 85th globally in e-commerce uptake.”\n\nQ1: What data set does the figure that Kenya has been ranked 85th globally in e-commerce uptake come from?\nA1: The figure comes from the 2018 UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) Business -to-consumer E-commerce index. The 2018 UNCTAD B2C E-commerce Index, measures an economy’s preparedness to \nsupport online shopping.\n\nQ2: Does the data in the 2018 UNCTAD B2C E-commerce Index include the whole world?\nA2: No, because The 2018 UNCTAD B2C E-commerce Index has expanded its coverage to include 151 economies, up seven \nfrom the 2017 edition.\n\nQ3: Where is Kenya in the 2018 UNCTAD B2C E-commerce Index?\nA3: Kenya is ranked 89th of 151 countries.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Kenya ranks at 89th of 151 countries in the 2018 UNCTAD B2C E-commerce Index - not 85th. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The domestic Indonesian flight route CI9798 is being Operated by China Airlines.\n\nQ1: What is the criteria to operate a domestic flight in Indonesia?\nA1: National commercial air transportation business entities as referred to in\nreferred to in paragraph (1), all or most of the\ncapital, must be owned by an Indonesian legal entity or\nIndonesian citizens.\n\n(translated from)\nBadan usaha angkutan udara niaga nasional sebagaimana\ndimaksud pada ayat (1), seluruh atau sebagian besar\nmodalnya, harus dimiliki oleh badan hukum Indonesia atau\nwarga negara Indonesia.\n\nQ2: Who operates flight CI9798 in Indonesia?\nA2: flight CI9798 is a code share for flight GA-612 operated by Garuda Indonesia.\n\nOther airlines also code share the flight GA-612 such as :\nMalaysia Airlines (MH)5780 & ANA (NH)5519.\n\nQ3: What is a code share flight?\nA3: Code sharing is a marketing arrangement in which an airline places its designator code on a flight operated by another airline, and sells tickets for that flight. Airlines throughout the world continue to form code-share arrangements to strengthen or expand their market presence and competitive ability.\n\nQ4: Is Garuda Indonesia an Indonesian business?\nA4: Yes it is the Airline of Indonesia.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The flight route CI9798 is not being operated by China Airlines but by Garuda Indonesia - who also share the flight GA-612 such as :\nMalaysia Airlines (MH)5780 & ANA (NH)5519.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 25% of drug users in Nigeria are women\n\nQ1: Are about 14.4 million Nigerians are currently on drugs ?.\nA1: A UN report based on the country’s first comprehensive survey of drug use found an estimated 14.3 million Nigerians – not 14.4 million – aged 15 to 64 used drugs in 2017. This claim is mostly correct .\n\nQ2: Are 25% of drug users in Nigeria are women ?\nA2: The report estimated that one in four drug users in Nigeria was a woman. This worked out to 3.4 million women aged 15 to 64 in 2017.\n\nWomen reported having less control than men over how and from whom they acquired mostly illicit drugs. They were also far more likely to be supplied drugs by a male partner.",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The second answer states that 1 in 4 users are women so the claim is supported. The source is a trustworthy source.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: On 13 June 2019 Kenya’s finance minister Henry Rotich claimed in 2018 Kenyas economy grew by 6.3%, up from 4.9% in the previous year.”\n\nQ1: What was kenyan's economic growth in 2017\nA1: 4.9%\n\nQ2: What was Kenya's economic growth in 2018\nA2: The estimate by the third quater was 6.0%",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The claim seems to be true, in 2017 the economy did grow by 4.9% and in 2018 it grew by 6% which is close to 6.3% so for this a rating of supported seems most appropriate.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Former health secretary Janette Garin points to Senator Risa Hontiveros as the root cause of the current anomalies involving the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation.\n\nQ1: current anomalies involving the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation?\nA1: Unnecessary procedures Doctors in some clinics performed \"unnecessary\" procedures just so they can claim more benefits from the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth), health officials said on Wednesday, July 8.\n\nQ2: When did these allegations occur?\nA2: Reports go as far back as 2006. CNN’s “The Source” episode posted on its official website on June 12, 2019, Garin talked about how PhilHealth has been infested with corruption issues even before she took office.\n\nQ3: Was Hontiveros on PhilHealth's board of directors at this time?\nA3: Hontiveros, on the other hand, only joined PhilHealth’s board of directors from November 2014 to October 2015. She then stepped down to file her certificate of candidacy for the senatorial elections in 2016. Moreover, Hontiveros has sought an investigation into the PhilHealth funds that supposedly went to a dialysis center that claimed benefits for “ghost patients.”",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answers and sources show that there were allegations before Senator Hontiveros so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: This [6.3%] growth is the highest to have been recorded for the past 8 years says Kenya’s finance minister Henry Rotich\n\nQ1: In 2007 how much did the economy grow?\nA1: 7.1%\n\nQ2: What was it 8-10 years later in 2018?\nA2: 6.3%\n\nQ3: what was the highest percentage it reached in between these years?\nA3: 5.9%",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answer and source shows that the economy did not go above 5.9% so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The public sector wage bill in Kenya continues to rise.\n\nQ1: How much was the wage bill in 2013\nA1: KSh 521.6 billion\n\nQ2: What was the wage bill in Kenya for 2017/2018 year\nA2: KSh 698.5 billion\n\nQ3: Has there been an increase in the wage bill over the years\nA3: Yes, because The table in the source shows the increase per year",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The answers and sources show that the bill has been increasing so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: ”Kenya has been ranked 85th globally in e-commerce uptake.”\n\nQ1: What does e-commerce uptake in Kenya mean in relation to the claim?\nA1: Kenya's GLOBAL placing in the (Unctad) Business-to-Consumer E-commerce Index.\n\nQ2: What date does the claim refer to the Index?\nA2: The claim says that the ranking was in 2018\n\nQ3: What place GLOBALY does Kenya show in the 2018 (Unctad) Business-to-Consumer E-commerce Index?\nA3: Kenya is ranked 89th GLOBALY",
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"content": "justification: From the evidence, Kenya was in fact 89th in the 2018 (Unctad) Business-to-Consumer E-commerce Index. Hence, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: “This growth is well above the sub-Saharan Africa region average growth of 3% and the global average of 3.6%.”\n\nQ1: What was the sub-Saharan Africa regions GDP growth as a percentage in 2018?\nA1: The International Monetary Fund has annual data on economic growth in 194 countries. Its latest World Economic Outlook, released in April 2019, estimates sub-Saharan Africa’s 2018 GDP growth at 3%.\n\nQ2: What was Kenya's GDP growth as a percentage in 2018?\nA2: 6.0%\n\nQ3: What was the global economy growth in 2018 as a percent?\nA3: 3.6%",
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"content": "justification: Kenya's growth as a percentage in 2018 was higher at 6.0% than the sub-Saharan Africa region's average growth of 3% and the global average of 3.6%. Hence, the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: On 13 June 2019 Kenya’s finance minister Henry Rotich claimed that Kenyas growth is well above the sub-Saharan Africa region average growth of 3% and the global average of 3.6%.\n\nQ1: What is the global average growth rate?\nA1: After peaking at close to 4 percent in 2017, global growth remained strong, at 3.8 percent in the first half of 2018, but dropped to 3.2 percent in the second half of the year.\n\nQ2: What is the Sub-Saharan Africa growth rate?\nA2: 3.0% for 2018\n\nQ3: What is the growth rate for Kenya?\nA3: 6.3%",
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"content": "justification: Figures provided by IMF and government sources\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Cosmetologists train eleven times longer than emergency medical technicians\n\nQ1: How many hours are required to complete a cosmetology course?\nA1: Each state sets its own standards. Most require 1,500 hours, and some, like New York and Massachusetts, require only 1,000. Iowa requires 2,100.\n\nQ2: How many hours of training does it take to become an EMT?\nA2: You can become an emergency medical technician in the state of Iowa after 132 hours.\n\nQ3: Using the Iowa Numbers of 2100hrs for cosmetology vs 132 hours for EMT training, How many times longer does it take to become a cosmetologist in Iowa?\nA3: 2100/132= 15.9090909091\n(rounded up to 16 it works out you have to do an additional 15 times as much.\n\nQ4: How many hours does it take to become a cosmetologist in New York?\nA4: 1000hrs\n\nQ5: How many hours does it take qualify as an EMT in New York?\nA5: EMTs courses are normally between 150 and 180 hours to complete.\n\nQ6: Using the New York Numbers of 1000hrs for cosmetology vs 180 hours for EMT training, How many times longer does it take to become a cosmetologist in Iowa?\nA6: 1000/180=5.55555555556\n\nSo over 4.5 times longer to become a cosmetologist.\n\nQ7: What is the average training time in the USA to become an EMT?\nA7: According to Indeed career guide It takes approximately 120 hours of supervised training to become an EMT. This typically takes candidates between six months and one year to complete\n\nQ8: With Most states requiring 1500 hours of training to become a cosmetologist and the average EMT course taking 120hrs. how many times more training would you need to do to be come a cosmetologist?\nA8: 1500/120=12.5 so you would have to do 11.5 times more training to be a qualified cosmetologist in comparison to becoming an EMT based on the average numbers of 1500hrs for Cosmetology and 120hrs for EMT.",
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"content": "justification: You would have to do 11.5 times more training to be a qualified cosmetologist in comparison to becoming an EMT based on the average numbers of 1500hrs for Cosmetology and 120hrs for EMT.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenya’s excise revenue has declined from approximately 3% of GDP in 2003/04 to about 2% in 2017/18.\n\nQ1: What is excise revenue?\nA1: Excise duties and levies are imposed mostly on high-volume daily consumable products (e.g. petroleum and alcohol and tobacco products) as well as certain non-essential or luxury items (e.g. electronic equipment and cosmetics). The primary function of these duties and levies is to ensure a constant stream of revenue for the State, with a secondary function of discouraging consumption of certain harmful products; i.e. harmful to human health or to the environment.\n\nQ2: What was Kenya’s excise revenue as a percentage share of GDP in 2003/04?\nA2: 3.7% (provisional figure)\n\nQ3: What was Kenya’s excise revenue as a percentage share of GDP in 2017/18?\nA3: 1.84%\n(Table 7, page 22 in Quarterly Economic and Budgetary Review Fourth Quarter, Financial Year 2017/2018 Period ending 30th June, 2018)",
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"content": "justification: The answers and sources show that the amounts are correct and so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenya's excise revenue has declined from approximately 3% of GDP in 2003/04 to about 2% in 2017/18.\n\nQ1: What was Kenya's excise duty in 2003/04?\nA1: 40.09 Ksh billion\n3.5% of GDP\n\nQ2: What was Kenya's excise duty in 2017/18?\nA2: 117,481 Ksh billion\n1.34% of GDP",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: The Q&A answers support the details in the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Republicans voted against military pay rises\n\nQ1: How many republicans voted in favour of a military pay rise?\nA1: When the Armed Services Committee passed the bill by a 33-to-24 vote on June 13, only two Republicans, Reps. Don Bacon (Neb.) and Elise Stefanik (N.Y.), voted in favour.\n\nQ2: Did the other republicans not believe in a military pay rise?\nA2: GOP members (republicans) said the sprawling defense bill was a package deal and that the package, as a whole, wasn’t good enough.\n\nQ3: What did Rep. Mac Thornberry say about the pay rise\nA3: The Chairman’s Mark supports a 3.1% military pay raise, essential end strength increases, an increase in compensation for military spouses to acquire professional licenses, and significant bipartisan housing reform to protect military families. The Mark continues reforms focused on sexual assault prevention and response. The Chairman’s Mark also prohibits the reduction of military health care personnel.\n\nQ4: Did majority of Republicans support the bill\nA4: “This morning, the House Armed Services Committee marked up a defense authorization bill for 2020 that will keep America safe and defend our allies and interests abroad. It is shameful that all but two Republicans on the Committee chose to make this vote partisan. In doing so, they voted to deny our troops a pay raise, reject critical defense initiatives, and ignore the requests of our military. They did this all because the Committee would not agree to add billions more in unnecessary funding that would have required severe and draconian cuts to our investments in education and skills training, health care access, and infrastructure development.",
"role": "user"
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"content": "justification: The claim only says 'republicans' voted against the bill in the claim, and Q&A 1 does show that most did vote against it only 2 did not so a valid claim to make overall.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: “This growth is well above the sub-Saharan Africa region average growth of 3% and the global average of 3.6%.” Kenya\n\nQ1: What was Kenyas Annual growth in comparison to the rest of the worlds economy?\nA1: The world’s economy grew an estimated 3.6% that year. (Note: The IMF estimated Kenya’s economic growth for 2018 at 6.0%.)\n\nOnly 21 countries achieved a growth rate of at least 6.3%.\nOnly 21 countries achieved a growth rate of at least 6.3%.\n\nQ2: Was Kenya's growth WELL ABOVE the sub-Saharan Africa region average growth of 3% and the global average of 3.6%?\nA2: The IMF estimated Kenya's economic growth for 2018 at 6% , so this is well above the average growth of 3% for sub-Saharan Africa and also well above the global average of 3.6%.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Evidence finds that Kenya's economic growth for 2018 was 6%, so this is well above the average growth rate of 3% for sub-Saharan Africa and also well above the global average of 3.6%.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Sri Lankan Muslims are demolishing mosques and are converting into Hinduism.\n\nQ1: why was the mosque demolished?\nA1: Muslims in Sri Lanka are demolishing a mosque because it was built using foreign funds and the site where it was built was actually allotted for a children library. Hence the claim made in the post is FALSE.\n\nQ2: Is the Sri Lankan mosque getting demolished so that the Muslims get converted to Hindus ?\nA2: Muslims in Sri Lanka are demolishing a mosque because it was built using foreign funds and the site where it was built was actually allotted for a children library. Hence the claim made in the post is FALSE",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: The mosques are not being demolished because the Muslims are converting to Hinduism \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: About 14.4 million Nigerians are currently on drugs\n\nQ1: How many people are estimated to use drugs in Nigeria?\nA1: A United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) report in 2018 stated that drug use in Nigeria is estimated at 14.4 per cent or 14.3 million people aged between 15 and 64 years based on research carried out in 2017.\n\nQ2: Are there any updated estimates on how many people in Nigeria used drugs at the time the claim was made in June 2019?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: When was the UNODC report first published?\nA3: First published in January 2019.\n\nQ4: What is the date of the claim?\nA4: July 13th 2019",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: The 1st Q&A shows that the amount is 14.3 million so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: “Excise revenue has declined from approximately 3% of GDP in 2003/04 to about 2% in 2017/18.”\n\nQ1: What was the excise revenue in 2003/2004\nA1: 3.5%\n\nQ2: What was the excise revenue in 2017/2018\nA2: 1.91%",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: Supported by figures provided. (claim states appproximately & about so have allowed variance in figures)\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Over 2013-2018, the Russian economy has grown by only 3%, i.e. less than 1% per year\n\nQ1: What was the average growth in the Russian economy from 1999-2008?\nA1: The growth of the Russian economy in the decade from 1999 to 2008 averaged 6.9% - the annual figures given by both the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and Rosstat (Russia’s state statistical agency) for this period converge.\n\nQ2: What was the growth rate from 2009-2018?\nA2: As for the next ten years – from 2009 to 2018 -- IMF and Rosstat data do not coincide in only two cases. Additionally, Russia's economic growth during that period averaged 0.97% per year, according to the IMF, while Rosstat says it grew 0.91% per year. In any case, both estimates indicate that Russia’s economy grew “less than 1% per year,” as Kudrin noted in his interview.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: The Russian economy grew by less than 1% within the said time frame \n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: During the tenure of Nigerian President Jonathan, the inflationary pressure was kept at single digit.\n\nQ1: What was the inflation rate in Nigeria in 2011 and 2012\nA1: It was 10.85% and 12.24% in both years respectively",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "justification: double digits.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'",
"role": "assistant"
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[
{
"content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The growth of the Russian economy in the decade from 1999 to 2008 averaged 6.9%\n\nQ1: What was Russia's average economic growth between 1999 and 2008?\nA1: (1999-2008) economic growth with real gross domestic product (GDP) increased by 6.9% annually on average.",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "justification: Clear and simple and source supports the answer given.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
Subsets and Splits