gowitheflow/parallel-talks-deduplicated · Datasets at Hugging Face

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After a successful Phase III trial, a national regulatory authority reviews the results and approves safe vaccines for manufacturing.	အောင်မြင်တဲ Phase III စမ်းသပ်မှုနောက်မှာ အမျိုးသား ထိန်းသိမ်ရေး အာဏာပိုင်တစ်ခုက ရလဒ်တွေကို သုံးသပ်ပြီး ထုတ်လုပ်ရေးအတွက် ဘေးကင်းတဲ့ ဆေးတွေကို အတည်ပြုတယ်။	en-my
Every vaccine has a unique blend of biological and chemical components that require a specialized pipeline to produce.	Fiecare vaccin conține un amestec unic de componente biologice și chimice care necesită moduri de producție specializate.	en-ro
To start production as soon as the vaccine is approved, manufacturing plans must be designed in parallel to research and testing.	Para comenzar con la producción en cuanto se apruebe la vacuna, es necesario planificar la fabricación en paralelo a la investigación y las pruebas.	en-es
This requires constant coordination between labs and manufacturers, as well as the resources to adapt to sudden changes in vaccine design— even if that means scrapping months of work.	Asta necesită o coordonare constantă între laboratoare și producători, cât și resursele pentru efectuarea unor eventuale schimbări, chiar dacă asta ar putea însemna pierderea a luni de muncă.	en-ro
Over time, advances in exploratory research and manufacturing should make this process faster.	Con el tiempo, los avances en investigación exploratoria y en fabricación deberían poder agilizar este proceso.	en-es
Preliminary studies suggest that future researchers may be able to swap genetic material from different viruses into the same vaccine design.	Ön çalışmalar, farklı virüslerdeki genetik materyaller ile aynı aşı yapısını belki de gelecekteki araştırmacıların takas edebileceğini ileri sürüyor.	en-tr
These DNA and mRNA based vaccines could dramatically expedite all three stages of vaccine production.	Aceste vaccinuri bazate pe ADN și mARN ar putea accelera toate cele trei etape ale producției.	en-ro
But until such breakthroughs arrive, our best strategy is for labs around the world to cooperate and work in parallel on different approaches.	Mas enquanto tais avanços não acontecem, a nossa melhor estratégia é que os laboratórios de todo o mundo cooperem e trabalhem paralelamente em métodos diferentes.	en-pt
By sharing knowledge and resources, scientists can divide and conquer any pathogen.	通过共享知识和资源，科学家们将能够辨别并且攻克任何病毒。	en-zh-cn
What I found out was this: that mindset is a skill.	Lo que descubrí fue que este modo de pensar es una habilidad.	en-es
Steroids: they’re infamous for their use in sports.	Os esteroides são mal afamados pelo seu uso no desporto.	en-pt
But they’re also found in inhalers, creams to treat poison ivy and eczema, and shots to ease inflammation.	Mas também se encontram em inaladores, cremes para tratar hera venenosa e eczema, e em injeções para alívio de inflamações.	en-pt
The steroids in these medicines aren’t the same as the ones used to build muscle.	这些药物中的类固醇和用于促进肌肉生长的类固醇不同。	en-zh-cn
In fact, they’re all based on yet another steroid— one our body produces naturally, and we can’t live without.	実はそれらは全てもうひとつ別のステロイドが基になっています ― それは私たちの体内で自然に生成され生きるために欠かせないものです	en-ja
Taking a step back, the reason there are so many different steroids is because the term refers to substances with a shared molecular structure, rather than shared effects on the body.	Só existe um número tão grande de esteroides diferentes porque o termo se refere a substâncias com estruturas moleculares parecidas, e não a efeitos parecidos que eles têm no corpo.	en-pt-br
Steroids can be naturally occurring or synthetic, but what all steroids have in common is a molecular structure that consists of a base of four rings made of 17 carbon atoms arranged in three hexagons and one pentagon.	ステロイドには天然のものと合成のものがありますが分子構造は全てのステロイドに共通しており３つの６員環と１つの５員環に配置された 17個の炭素原子から成る４環構造を基本とします	en-ja
A molecule must contain this exact arrangement to be a steroid, though most also have side chains— additional atoms that can dramatically impact the molecule’s function.	ステロイドであるためには分子は必ずこの配置でなければなりませんしかし多くの分子は側鎖を持ち追加の原子が分子の機能に劇的な影響を及ぼし得ます	en-ja
Steroids get their name from the fatty molecule cholesterol.	Steroidler ismini yağlı bir molekül olan kolesterolden alır.	en-tr
In fact, our bodies make steroids out of cholesterol.	实际上，我们人体会从胆固醇中生成类固醇。	en-zh-cn
That fatty cholesterol base means that steroids are able to cross fatty cell membranes and enter cells.	脂肪胆固醇基底能够让类固醇物质穿过脂肪细胞膜并进入细胞。	en-zh-cn
Within the cell, they can directly influence gene expression and protein synthesis.	Dentro da célula, eles podem influenciar diretamente a expressão genética e a síntese proteica.	en-pt
This is different from many other types of signaling molecules, which can’t cross the cell membrane and have to create their effects from outside the cell, through more complicated pathways.	Esto es diferente a muchos otros tipos de moléculas de señalización, que no pueden atravesar la membrana celular y tienen que crear sus efectos desde fuera de la célula, a través de vías más complicadas.	en-es
So steroids can create their effects faster than those other molecules.	Então os esteroides criam seus efeitos mais rápido do que as outras moléculas.	en-pt-br
Back to the steroids in anti-inflammatory medications: all of these are based on a naturally occurring steroid called cortisol.	Voltando para os esteroides em medicamentos anti-inflamatórios: todos esses são baseados no cortisol, um esteroide produzido naturalmente.	en-pt-br
Cortisol is the body’s primary stress signal, and it has a huge range of functions.	皮质醇是人体的主要压力信号，并且具有很多功能。	en-zh-cn
When we experience a stressor— anything from a fight with a friend, to spotting a bear, to an infection or low blood sugar— the brain reacts by sending a signal from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland.	私たちはストレス要因を経験すると ― つまり友人と喧嘩したりクマを発見したり感染症や低血糖になると ― 脳は視床下部から脳下垂体に信号を送ることで反応します	en-ja
The pituitary gland then sends a signal to the adrenal glands.	接著，垂體會向腎上腺發出訊號。	en-zh-tw
The adrenal glands produce cortisol, and release some constantly.	As glândulas suprarrenais estão sempre a produzir e a libertar cortisol.	en-pt
But when they receive the signal from the pituitary gland, they release a burst of cortisol, which spurs the body to generate more glucose for energy, decrease functions not immediately related to survival, like digestion, and can activate a fight-flight-or-freeze response.	Mas quando recebem o sinal da glândula pituitária, liberam uma quantidade muito maior de cortisol, que estimula o corpo a gerar mais glicose como energia, diminuindo funções que naquele momento não são necessárias para a sobrevivência, como a digestão, e podem ativar uma reação de luta, fuga ou trava.	en-pt-br
This is helpful in the short term, but can cause undesirable side effects like insomnia and lowered mood if they last too long.	Bu durum kısa vadede faydalıdır fakat çok uzun sürerse uykusuzluk ve zayıf ruh hali gibi nahoş yan etkilere sebep olabilir.	en-tr
Cortisol also interacts with the immune system in complex ways— depending on the situation, it can increase or decrease certain immune functions.	皮质醇同样也和免疫系统有着复杂的相互作用—— 根据实际情况，皮质醇可以加强或降低一定的免疫功能。	en-zh-cn
In the process of fighting infection, the immune system often creates inflammation.	在人体抵抗感染的过程中，免疫系统通常会产生炎症。	en-zh-cn
Cortisol suppresses the immune system’s ability to produce inflammation, which, again, can be useful in the short term.	O cortisol suprime a capacidade do sistema imunológico de produzi-las, o que, de novo, pode ser útil a curto prazo.	en-pt
But too much cortisol can have negative impacts, like reducing the immune system’s ability to regenerate bone marrow and lymph nodes.	Mas muito cortisol pode ter consequências negativas, como diminuir a capacidade do sistema imunológico de regenerar medula óssea e linfonodos.	en-pt-br
To prevent levels from staying high for too long, cortisol suppresses the signal that causes the adrenal glands to release more cortisol.	コルチゾールレベルの高い状態が長く続かないようにするためにコルチゾールは副腎がより多くのコルチゾールを放出させる信号を抑制しますコルチゾールは副腎がより多くのコルチゾールを放出させる信号を抑制します	en-ja
Medicinal corticosteroids channel cortisol’s effects on the immune system to fight allergic reactions, rashes, and asthma.	副腎皮質ステロイド薬はコルチゾールの免疫系への影響に作用しアレルギー反応や発疹喘息と戦います	en-ja
All these things are forms of inflammation.	Todas estas son formas de inflamación.	en-es
There are many synthetic steroids that share the same basic mechanism: they enhance the body’s cortisol supply, which in turn shuts down the hyperactive immune responses that cause inflammation.	Existem muitos esteroides sintéticos que têm mecanismos básicos parecidos: aumentam o suprimento de cortisol do corpo, que por sua vez desabilita as respostas imunológicas hiperativas que causam inflamação.	en-pt-br
These corticosteroids sneak into cells and can turn off the “fire alarm” by suppressing gene expression of inflammatory signals.	這些皮質類固醇會溜入細胞中，透過抑制發炎訊號的基因表現，將「火警警報」關閉。	en-zh-tw
The steroids in inhalers and creams impact only the affected organ— the skin, or the lungs.	在吸入器和乳膏中的類固醇只會影響到它們接觸的器官—— 皮膚或肺部。	en-zh-tw
Intravenous or oral versions, used to treat chronic autoimmune conditions like lupus or inflammatory bowel disease, impact the whole body.	As versões orais ou intravenosas, usadas para tratar doenças autoimunes crónicas como o lúpus ou a doença Inflamatória Intestinal, têm impacto em todo o corpo.	en-pt
With these conditions, the body’s immune system attacks its own cells, a process analogous to a constant asthma attack or rash.	これらの病気では身体の免疫系が自分の細胞を攻撃しておりこれは繰り返す喘息発作や発疹と類似したプロセスとなっています	en-ja
A constant low dose of steroids can help keep this renegade immune response under control— but because of the negative psychological and physiological effects of longterm exposure, higher doses are reserved for emergencies and flare-ups.	Uma dose baixa e constante de esteroides pode ajudar a manter sob controle essa resposta imunológica renegada: mas por causa do efeito psicológico e fisiológico negativo da exposição a longo prazo, doses mais altas são reservadas para emergências e crises.	en-pt-br
While an asthma attack, poison ivy welts, and irritable bowel syndrome might seem totally unrelated, they all have something in common: an immune response that’s doing more harm than good.	Um ataque de asma, lesões de hera venenosa e síndrome do intestino irritável podem parecer estranhos entre si, mas todos têm algo em comum: uma resposta imunitária que faz mais mal do que bem.	en-pt
And while corticosteroids won’t give you giant muscles, they can be the body’s best defense against itself.	雖然皮質類固醇不會讓你長出巨肌，它們卻可能成為身體對抗自己的最佳防禦武器。	en-zh-tw
When people announce that they're going to have children, the normal reaction that you get is, "Congratulations!"	Когда люди объявляют, что у них будут дети, окружающие обычно говорят: «Поздравляем!»	en-ru
When you announce that you're going to adopt, you can get a slightly different reaction.	Когда речь заходит об усыновлении, реакция людей немного меняется.	en-ru
And when you're a gay couple and announce that you're going to adopt children, you can get a very different reaction.	A ako ste homoseksualni par koji kaže da želi da usvoji dete reakcija može biti veoma drugačija.	en-sr
My partner Emma and I got to a stage in our relationship where we wanted to start a family, like lots of people do.	Я и моя подруга Эмма достигли того этапа в отношениях, когда мы захотели создать семью, как и многие другие люди.	en-ru
Because we're two women, we had to look into the options, and the options that we wanted to focus on were about adoption or fostering, but at the time, we didn't really know much about either.	Como somos dos mujeres, tuvimos que buscar opciones y, entre las opciones, quisimos centrarnos en la adopción o la acogida. En ese momento, no sabíamos mucho de ninguna.	en-es
And so, what I want to talk to you about is the journey that we took to becoming the first openly gay couple to be approved for adoption here, in Bristol, with Bristol City Council.	Ce dont je veux vous parler, c'est du périple que nous avons entrepris pour devenir le premier couple ouvertement homosexuel à être approuvé pour l'adoption ici, à Bristol, par le conseil municipal.	en-fr
That was 11 years ago, and then, it subsequently led to us having our son Steven.	Bilo je to pre 11 godina i tako smo dobile sina Stivena.	en-sr
So, you'll hear me talking about him as well.	О нём я тоже буду говорить.	en-ru
Now, opinions on gay adoption run very, very deep, and it's a complicated mix, I find, of a number of things, kind of the idea of upholding "family values."	Мнения об усыновлении однополыми парами коренятся глубоко в подсознании людей. Это сложная смесь ряда предрассудков: идея отстаивания «семейных ценностей»,	en-ru
There are assumptions about gender roles, there are misunderstandings about actually the process of adoption, and there's a kind of slight level of panic about the idea of putting children into "gay lifestyles."	Il y a des présomptions sur les rôles de genre, il y a des conceptions erronées sur le processus d'adoption et il y a un léger niveau de panique à l'idée de placer des enfants dans des « styles de vie homosexuels ».	en-fr
So, what I want to do is try and pick a few of those things and then explain some of the things that are different and some of the things that are exactly the same about having a family with two moms.	Lo que quiero hacer es elegir unos pocos temas de esos y explicar algunas cosas que son distintas y algunas cosas que son idénticas sobre tener una familia con dos mamás.	en-es
So, we made that first call to Bristol City Council, that was 12 years ago, and they sent around a social worker and we said, you know, "Adoption, fostering, what's all that about?"	Мы позвонили в Бристольский городской совет. Это было 12 лет назад. Нам прислали социального работника, у которого мы спросили: «Усыновление, патронат — что это вообще такое?»	en-ru
And they said, "Well, let me put one question to you, firstly.	Y dijeron: "Para empezar, voy a hacerles una pregunta.	en-es
Would you like a job, or would you like a family?"	¿Quieren un trabajo o quieren una familia?"	en-es
And we said, "No, we definitely want a family."	Odgovorile smo: "Sasvim sigurno želimo porodicu."	en-sr
So, they said, "Fine, the permanent nature of adoption is for you."	Rekli su nam: "Onda je usvajanje budući trajno rešenje, prikladno za vas."	en-sr
So we said, "Great, that's the first sort of simple thing there's to decide.	Rekle smo: "Odlično, to je bila jednostavna odluka.	en-sr
So, what do we do next?"	O que fazemos agora?"	en-pt-br
They said, "We'll book you on a workshop. Go and find out more about it.	Ela disse: "Inscreveremos vocês numa oficina.	en-pt-br
Come back to us, we'll put you through the application process, and you'll move on to become approved."	Tamo ćete saznati više. Obratite nam se, započećemo prijavni proces i zatim ćete čekati odobrenje zahteva."	en-sr
So, it was great! That was it. It seemed all so simple.	Odlično! Dakle to je to! Činilo se tako lako.	en-sr
And so, we kind of skipped off and we started to tell friends and family that we wanted to adopt, and this was where we didn't necessarily get the "Congratulations!"	Así que nos adelantamos y empezamos a contar a amigos y familia que queríamos adoptar. Y ahí fue cuando no recibimos la lógica respuesta de "Enhorabuena"	en-es
that we might have expected.	auxquelles nous aurions pu nous attendre.	en-fr
We got a lot of concerned looks, and we got a lot of questions.	Bilo je dosta zabrinutih pogleda, i dosta pitanja.	en-sr
We got people who said to us, "Are you even allowed to do that?"	Algumas pessoas nos disseram: "Mas vocês podem mesmo adotar?"	en-pt-br
We got people who just said to us, "Why? Why would you want to do that?	Algunos simplemente dijeron: "¿Por qué? ¿Por qué quieren hacerlo?	en-es
That is going to be so hard."	Pourquoi vouloir faire cela ? Cela va être si difficile.	en-fr
And one of my colleagues at the time took me to one side and said, "Lynne, you need to not tell people that you're doing this.	Um de meus amigos na época me chamou num canto e disse: "Lynne, você não deve contar às pessoas que vai fazer isso.	en-pt-br
There are an awful lot of people out there who will disapprove of this very, very strongly, and you need to be careful."	Очень многие люди это рьяно не одобряют, тебе нужно быть осторожней».	en-ru
Media headlines still to this day, just [like] last month, will talk about the views such as people believing that gay adoption is just morally wrong; that gay people who want children do it because they want some sort of "trophy" in order to mimic heterosexual lifestyles; that gay people will turn their children gay.	Los titulares de prensa, incluso ahora, justamente hace un mes, hablan sobre opiniones de personas que opinan que la adopción gay es moralmente mala; que los gays que quieren hijos lo hacen porque quieren un "trofeo" para imitar el estilo de vida heterosexual; que los gays convertirán a sus hijos en gays.	en-es
Good luck with that.	Ah tá...	en-pt-br
(Laughter) And some people even believe that placing children with gay parents is a form of abuse.	(Risos) Algumas pessoas creem até que crianças serem adotadas por casais homoafetivos é uma espécie de violência.	en-pt-br
And one of the things that I want to do today, kind of just for the record, is to say to you I am not on some sort of mission to undermine family values.	И одна из моих целей сегодня, просто для справки, показать, что у меня нет какой-то миссии по подрыву семейных ценностей.	en-ru
Steven is my son.	Steven est mon fils.	en-fr
He is not some sort of lifestyle accessory for me.	On nije neka vrsta dodatka mom životu.	en-sr
And not only do we not abuse him, we support him in dealing with the very difficult early years that he had which led to him being in the care system in the first place.	Non seulement nous ne le maltraitons pas, mais nous le soutenons pour qu'il arrive à faire face aux premières années difficiles qu'il a eues qui ont fait qu'il est entré dans le système de placement familial.	en-fr
But, back to the story.	Voltemos à história.	en-pt-br
We skipped off to our workshop. We were so excited.	Nous sommes précipitées à notre atelier.	en-fr
We were apprehensive, but we were like so enthusiastic, we wanted to go on. We were like, "Woohoo!"	Estábamos inquietas, pero estábamos tan entusiasmadas que queríamos continuar. Estábamos en plan: "¡Yuju!	en-es
And of course, we walked into a room with people who had already been through the very long, the very difficult, and the very exhausting journey of having fertility treatment, but without success.	Разумеется, там, куда мы пришли, были люди, которые уже проделали очень долгий, очень сложный и изнуряющий путь безуспешного лечения бесплодия.	en-ru
Those people were at the end of the road, and for those people, adoption can be a last choice.	Esa gente estaba al final del camino, y, para ellos, la adopción puede ser la última opción.	en-es
Now, I'm not suggesting that that affects their ability to be fantastic parents, but for Emma and I, we came to adoption very differently.	Я не утверждаю, что это влияет на их способности к воспитанию, но мы с Эммой подошли к усыновлению совсем иначе.	en-ru
For us, it was our first choice, and it was an exciting new beginning.	Мы рассматривали усыновление в первую очередь, и это было новым волнующим стартом.	en-ru
And the research into gay adopters is now showing that this is one of the common themes: gay adopters often choose adoption as their first choice, unlike many heterosexual couples, and because of that, it means we come with a different set of more positive expectations at the beginning.	La recherche sur les adoptants homosexuels montre maintenant que c'est l'un des thèmes communs : les adoptants homosexuels choisissent souvent l'adoption comme premier choix, contrairement à de nombreux couples hétérosexuels, et de ce fait, cela signifie que nous arrivons avec des attentes différentes et plus positives.	en-fr
Now, the other thing that that workshop gave us was an incredibly eye-opening view into the kids in our care system, who were then up for adoption.	Outra coisa que aquela oficina nos proporcionou foi a incrível visão que passamos a ter sobre as crianças que vivem no sistema, que estavam aptas para adoção.	en-pt-br
And this is where we have a number of assumptions that get made, and misunderstandings about the adoption process itself.	I ovde nastaje mnoštvo pretpostavki i nesporazuma o samom procesu usvajanja.	en-sr
Now, adoption has changed a lot over the years, but there are still sort of characters and, I'd say, myths around, like the kind of "Orphan Annie," like that sort of little children, just waiting for people to come along and kind of scoop them up.	За прошедшие годы процесс усыновления сильно изменился. Но сложившаяся репутация и мифы в этой области по-прежнему существуют. Будто маленькие дети, как в «Сиротке Энни», просто сидят и ждут, пока кто-то их приютит.	en-ru
There is still the very real fear that social workers somehow have the ability to waltz into families and just take children away, without any hint of concern.	Присутствует реальный страх того, что социальные работники могут просто-напросто заявиться в семью и забрать детей без объяснения причин.	en-ru
Now, all cases are different, but the majority of children who are up for adoption are there because of abuse or neglect, or both.	Конечно, случаи бывают разные, но большинство детей, отданных на усыновление, попадают в патронатные семьи из-за плохого обращения, пренебрежения или того и другого.	en-ru
And because of that neglect or abuse, they can have learning difficulties, they can have attachment disorders and they can have developmental delays.	Y por ese abandono o maltrato, pueden tener dificultades de aprendizaje, pueden tener trastornos afectivos y pueden tener retrasos en su desarrollo.	en-es
And those things are then made worse if they are bounced around the care system.	Sve to se pogoršava, ako ih onda seljakaju po hraniteljskim porodicama.	en-sr
These kids are special.	Essas crianças são especiais.	en-pt-br
These kids are different.	Эти дети не такие, как все.	en-ru
And this is where the research into gay adopters is coming up with a common theme.	I ovde se javlja sličnost sa istraživanjem o gej usvojiteljima.	en-sr
For very different reasons, gay people know what it's like to be different, and because of that, the research is showing that we come to adoption with a greater level of empathy, and we come with a greater level of flexibility in our parenting.	révèle un thème commun. Pour différentes raisons, les personnes homosexuelles savent ce que c'est que d'être différent et, de ce fait, les études montrent que nous abordons l'adoption avec plus d'empathie et avec plus de flexibilité dans notre rôle parental.	en-fr

After a successful Phase III trial, a national regulatory authority reviews the results and approves safe vaccines for manufacturing.

အောင်မြင်တဲ Phase III စမ်းသပ်မှုနောက်မှာ အမျိုးသား ထိန်းသိမ်ရေး အာဏာပိုင်တစ်ခုက ရလဒ်တွေကို သုံးသပ်ပြီး ထုတ်လုပ်ရေးအတွက် ဘေးကင်းတဲ့ ဆေးတွေကို အတည်ပြုတယ်။

en-my

Every vaccine has a unique blend of biological and chemical components that require a specialized pipeline to produce.

Fiecare vaccin conține un amestec unic de componente biologice și chimice care necesită moduri de producție specializate.

en-ro

To start production as soon as the vaccine is approved, manufacturing plans must be designed in parallel to research and testing.

Para comenzar con la producción en cuanto se apruebe la vacuna, es necesario planificar la fabricación en paralelo a la investigación y las pruebas.

en-es

This requires constant coordination between labs and manufacturers, as well as the resources to adapt to sudden changes in vaccine design— even if that means scrapping months of work.

Asta necesită o coordonare constantă între laboratoare și producători, cât și resursele pentru efectuarea unor eventuale schimbări, chiar dacă asta ar putea însemna pierderea a luni de muncă.

en-ro

Over time, advances in exploratory research and manufacturing should make this process faster.

Con el tiempo, los avances en investigación exploratoria y en fabricación deberían poder agilizar este proceso.

en-es

Preliminary studies suggest that future researchers may be able to swap genetic material from different viruses into the same vaccine design.

Ön çalışmalar, farklı virüslerdeki genetik materyaller ile aynı aşı yapısını belki de gelecekteki araştırmacıların takas edebileceğini ileri sürüyor.

en-tr

These DNA and mRNA based vaccines could dramatically expedite all three stages of vaccine production.

Aceste vaccinuri bazate pe ADN și mARN ar putea accelera toate cele trei etape ale producției.

en-ro

But until such breakthroughs arrive, our best strategy is for labs around the world to cooperate and work in parallel on different approaches.

Mas enquanto tais avanços não acontecem, a nossa melhor estratégia é que os laboratórios de todo o mundo cooperem e trabalhem paralelamente em métodos diferentes.

en-pt

By sharing knowledge and resources, scientists can divide and conquer any pathogen.

通过共享知识和资源，科学家们将能够辨别并且攻克任何病毒。

en-zh-cn

What I found out was this: that mindset is a skill.

Lo que descubrí fue que este modo de pensar es una habilidad.

en-es

Steroids: they’re infamous for their use in sports.

Os esteroides são mal afamados pelo seu uso no desporto.

en-pt

But they’re also found in inhalers, creams to treat poison ivy and eczema, and shots to ease inflammation.

Mas também se encontram em inaladores, cremes para tratar hera venenosa e eczema, e em injeções para alívio de inflamações.

en-pt

The steroids in these medicines aren’t the same as the ones used to build muscle.

这些药物中的类固醇和用于促进肌肉生长的类固醇不同。

en-zh-cn

In fact, they’re all based on yet another steroid— one our body produces naturally, and we can’t live without.

実はそれらは全てもうひとつ別のステロイドが基になっています ― それは私たちの体内で自然に生成され生きるために欠かせないものです

en-ja

Taking a step back, the reason there are so many different steroids is because the term refers to substances with a shared molecular structure, rather than shared effects on the body.

Só existe um número tão grande de esteroides diferentes porque o termo se refere a substâncias com estruturas moleculares parecidas, e não a efeitos parecidos que eles têm no corpo.

en-pt-br

Steroids can be naturally occurring or synthetic, but what all steroids have in common is a molecular structure that consists of a base of four rings made of 17 carbon atoms arranged in three hexagons and one pentagon.

ステロイドには天然のものと合成のものがありますが分子構造は全てのステロイドに共通しており３つの６員環と１つの５員環に配置された 17個の炭素原子から成る４環構造を基本とします

en-ja

A molecule must contain this exact arrangement to be a steroid, though most also have side chains— additional atoms that can dramatically impact the molecule’s function.

ステロイドであるためには分子は必ずこの配置でなければなりませんしかし多くの分子は側鎖を持ち追加の原子が分子の機能に劇的な影響を及ぼし得ます

en-ja

Steroids get their name from the fatty molecule cholesterol.

Steroidler ismini yağlı bir molekül olan kolesterolden alır.

en-tr

In fact, our bodies make steroids out of cholesterol.

实际上，我们人体会从胆固醇中生成类固醇。

en-zh-cn

That fatty cholesterol base means that steroids are able to cross fatty cell membranes and enter cells.

脂肪胆固醇基底能够让类固醇物质穿过脂肪细胞膜并进入细胞。

en-zh-cn

Within the cell, they can directly influence gene expression and protein synthesis.

Dentro da célula, eles podem influenciar diretamente a expressão genética e a síntese proteica.

en-pt

This is different from many other types of signaling molecules, which can’t cross the cell membrane and have to create their effects from outside the cell, through more complicated pathways.

Esto es diferente a muchos otros tipos de moléculas de señalización, que no pueden atravesar la membrana celular y tienen que crear sus efectos desde fuera de la célula, a través de vías más complicadas.

en-es

So steroids can create their effects faster than those other molecules.

Então os esteroides criam seus efeitos mais rápido do que as outras moléculas.

en-pt-br

Back to the steroids in anti-inflammatory medications: all of these are based on a naturally occurring steroid called cortisol.

Voltando para os esteroides em medicamentos anti-inflamatórios: todos esses são baseados no cortisol, um esteroide produzido naturalmente.

en-pt-br

Cortisol is the body’s primary stress signal, and it has a huge range of functions.

皮质醇是人体的主要压力信号，并且具有很多功能。

en-zh-cn

When we experience a stressor— anything from a fight with a friend, to spotting a bear, to an infection or low blood sugar— the brain reacts by sending a signal from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland.

私たちはストレス要因を経験すると ― つまり友人と喧嘩したりクマを発見したり感染症や低血糖になると ― 脳は視床下部から脳下垂体に信号を送ることで反応します

en-ja

The pituitary gland then sends a signal to the adrenal glands.

接著，垂體會向腎上腺發出訊號。

en-zh-tw

The adrenal glands produce cortisol, and release some constantly.

As glândulas suprarrenais estão sempre a produzir e a libertar cortisol.

en-pt

But when they receive the signal from the pituitary gland, they release a burst of cortisol, which spurs the body to generate more glucose for energy, decrease functions not immediately related to survival, like digestion, and can activate a fight-flight-or-freeze response.

Mas quando recebem o sinal da glândula pituitária, liberam uma quantidade muito maior de cortisol, que estimula o corpo a gerar mais glicose como energia, diminuindo funções que naquele momento não são necessárias para a sobrevivência, como a digestão, e podem ativar uma reação de luta, fuga ou trava.

en-pt-br

This is helpful in the short term, but can cause undesirable side effects like insomnia and lowered mood if they last too long.

Bu durum kısa vadede faydalıdır fakat çok uzun sürerse uykusuzluk ve zayıf ruh hali gibi nahoş yan etkilere sebep olabilir.

en-tr

Cortisol also interacts with the immune system in complex ways— depending on the situation, it can increase or decrease certain immune functions.

皮质醇同样也和免疫系统有着复杂的相互作用—— 根据实际情况，皮质醇可以加强或降低一定的免疫功能。

en-zh-cn

In the process of fighting infection, the immune system often creates inflammation.

在人体抵抗感染的过程中，免疫系统通常会产生炎症。

en-zh-cn

Cortisol suppresses the immune system’s ability to produce inflammation, which, again, can be useful in the short term.

O cortisol suprime a capacidade do sistema imunológico de produzi-las, o que, de novo, pode ser útil a curto prazo.

en-pt

But too much cortisol can have negative impacts, like reducing the immune system’s ability to regenerate bone marrow and lymph nodes.

Mas muito cortisol pode ter consequências negativas, como diminuir a capacidade do sistema imunológico de regenerar medula óssea e linfonodos.

en-pt-br

To prevent levels from staying high for too long, cortisol suppresses the signal that causes the adrenal glands to release more cortisol.

コルチゾールレベルの高い状態が長く続かないようにするためにコルチゾールは副腎がより多くのコルチゾールを放出させる信号を抑制しますコルチゾールは副腎がより多くのコルチゾールを放出させる信号を抑制します

en-ja

Medicinal corticosteroids channel cortisol’s effects on the immune system to fight allergic reactions, rashes, and asthma.

副腎皮質ステロイド薬はコルチゾールの免疫系への影響に作用しアレルギー反応や発疹喘息と戦います

en-ja

All these things are forms of inflammation.

Todas estas son formas de inflamación.

en-es

There are many synthetic steroids that share the same basic mechanism: they enhance the body’s cortisol supply, which in turn shuts down the hyperactive immune responses that cause inflammation.

Existem muitos esteroides sintéticos que têm mecanismos básicos parecidos: aumentam o suprimento de cortisol do corpo, que por sua vez desabilita as respostas imunológicas hiperativas que causam inflamação.

en-pt-br

These corticosteroids sneak into cells and can turn off the “fire alarm” by suppressing gene expression of inflammatory signals.

這些皮質類固醇會溜入細胞中，透過抑制發炎訊號的基因表現，將「火警警報」關閉。

en-zh-tw

The steroids in inhalers and creams impact only the affected organ— the skin, or the lungs.

在吸入器和乳膏中的類固醇只會影響到它們接觸的器官—— 皮膚或肺部。

en-zh-tw

Intravenous or oral versions, used to treat chronic autoimmune conditions like lupus or inflammatory bowel disease, impact the whole body.

As versões orais ou intravenosas, usadas para tratar doenças autoimunes crónicas como o lúpus ou a doença Inflamatória Intestinal, têm impacto em todo o corpo.

en-pt

With these conditions, the body’s immune system attacks its own cells, a process analogous to a constant asthma attack or rash.

これらの病気では身体の免疫系が自分の細胞を攻撃しておりこれは繰り返す喘息発作や発疹と類似したプロセスとなっています

en-ja

A constant low dose of steroids can help keep this renegade immune response under control— but because of the negative psychological and physiological effects of longterm exposure, higher doses are reserved for emergencies and flare-ups.

Uma dose baixa e constante de esteroides pode ajudar a manter sob controle essa resposta imunológica renegada: mas por causa do efeito psicológico e fisiológico negativo da exposição a longo prazo, doses mais altas são reservadas para emergências e crises.

en-pt-br

While an asthma attack, poison ivy welts, and irritable bowel syndrome might seem totally unrelated, they all have something in common: an immune response that’s doing more harm than good.

Um ataque de asma, lesões de hera venenosa e síndrome do intestino irritável podem parecer estranhos entre si, mas todos têm algo em comum: uma resposta imunitária que faz mais mal do que bem.

en-pt

And while corticosteroids won’t give you giant muscles, they can be the body’s best defense against itself.

雖然皮質類固醇不會讓你長出巨肌，它們卻可能成為身體對抗自己的最佳防禦武器。

en-zh-tw

When people announce that they're going to have children, the normal reaction that you get is, "Congratulations!"

Когда люди объявляют, что у них будут дети, окружающие обычно говорят: «Поздравляем!»

en-ru

When you announce that you're going to adopt, you can get a slightly different reaction.

Когда речь заходит об усыновлении, реакция людей немного меняется.

en-ru

And when you're a gay couple and announce that you're going to adopt children, you can get a very different reaction.

A ako ste homoseksualni par koji kaže da želi da usvoji dete reakcija može biti veoma drugačija.

en-sr

My partner Emma and I got to a stage in our relationship where we wanted to start a family, like lots of people do.

Я и моя подруга Эмма достигли того этапа в отношениях, когда мы захотели создать семью, как и многие другие люди.

en-ru

Because we're two women, we had to look into the options, and the options that we wanted to focus on were about adoption or fostering, but at the time, we didn't really know much about either.

Como somos dos mujeres, tuvimos que buscar opciones y, entre las opciones, quisimos centrarnos en la adopción o la acogida. En ese momento, no sabíamos mucho de ninguna.

en-es

And so, what I want to talk to you about is the journey that we took to becoming the first openly gay couple to be approved for adoption here, in Bristol, with Bristol City Council.

Ce dont je veux vous parler, c'est du périple que nous avons entrepris pour devenir le premier couple ouvertement homosexuel à être approuvé pour l'adoption ici, à Bristol, par le conseil municipal.

en-fr

That was 11 years ago, and then, it subsequently led to us having our son Steven.

Bilo je to pre 11 godina i tako smo dobile sina Stivena.

en-sr

So, you'll hear me talking about him as well.

О нём я тоже буду говорить.

en-ru

Now, opinions on gay adoption run very, very deep, and it's a complicated mix, I find, of a number of things, kind of the idea of upholding "family values."

Мнения об усыновлении однополыми парами коренятся глубоко в подсознании людей. Это сложная смесь ряда предрассудков: идея отстаивания «семейных ценностей»,

en-ru

There are assumptions about gender roles, there are misunderstandings about actually the process of adoption, and there's a kind of slight level of panic about the idea of putting children into "gay lifestyles."

Il y a des présomptions sur les rôles de genre, il y a des conceptions erronées sur le processus d'adoption et il y a un léger niveau de panique à l'idée de placer des enfants dans des « styles de vie homosexuels ».

en-fr

So, what I want to do is try and pick a few of those things and then explain some of the things that are different and some of the things that are exactly the same about having a family with two moms.

Lo que quiero hacer es elegir unos pocos temas de esos y explicar algunas cosas que son distintas y algunas cosas que son idénticas sobre tener una familia con dos mamás.

en-es

So, we made that first call to Bristol City Council, that was 12 years ago, and they sent around a social worker and we said, you know, "Adoption, fostering, what's all that about?"

Мы позвонили в Бристольский городской совет. Это было 12 лет назад. Нам прислали социального работника, у которого мы спросили: «Усыновление, патронат — что это вообще такое?»

en-ru

And they said, "Well, let me put one question to you, firstly.

Y dijeron: "Para empezar, voy a hacerles una pregunta.

en-es

Would you like a job, or would you like a family?"

¿Quieren un trabajo o quieren una familia?"

en-es

And we said, "No, we definitely want a family."

Odgovorile smo: "Sasvim sigurno želimo porodicu."

en-sr

So, they said, "Fine, the permanent nature of adoption is for you."

Rekli su nam: "Onda je usvajanje budući trajno rešenje, prikladno za vas."

en-sr

So we said, "Great, that's the first sort of simple thing there's to decide.

Rekle smo: "Odlično, to je bila jednostavna odluka.

en-sr

So, what do we do next?"

O que fazemos agora?"

en-pt-br

They said, "We'll book you on a workshop. Go and find out more about it.

Ela disse: "Inscreveremos vocês numa oficina.

en-pt-br

Come back to us, we'll put you through the application process, and you'll move on to become approved."

Tamo ćete saznati više. Obratite nam se, započećemo prijavni proces i zatim ćete čekati odobrenje zahteva."

en-sr

So, it was great! That was it. It seemed all so simple.

Odlično! Dakle to je to! Činilo se tako lako.

en-sr

And so, we kind of skipped off and we started to tell friends and family that we wanted to adopt, and this was where we didn't necessarily get the "Congratulations!"

Así que nos adelantamos y empezamos a contar a amigos y familia que queríamos adoptar. Y ahí fue cuando no recibimos la lógica respuesta de "Enhorabuena"

en-es

that we might have expected.

auxquelles nous aurions pu nous attendre.

en-fr

We got a lot of concerned looks, and we got a lot of questions.

Bilo je dosta zabrinutih pogleda, i dosta pitanja.

en-sr

We got people who said to us, "Are you even allowed to do that?"

Algumas pessoas nos disseram: "Mas vocês podem mesmo adotar?"

en-pt-br

We got people who just said to us, "Why? Why would you want to do that?

Algunos simplemente dijeron: "¿Por qué? ¿Por qué quieren hacerlo?

en-es

That is going to be so hard."

Pourquoi vouloir faire cela ? Cela va être si difficile.

en-fr

And one of my colleagues at the time took me to one side and said, "Lynne, you need to not tell people that you're doing this.

Um de meus amigos na época me chamou num canto e disse: "Lynne, você não deve contar às pessoas que vai fazer isso.

en-pt-br

There are an awful lot of people out there who will disapprove of this very, very strongly, and you need to be careful."

Очень многие люди это рьяно не одобряют, тебе нужно быть осторожней».

en-ru

Media headlines still to this day, just [like] last month, will talk about the views such as people believing that gay adoption is just morally wrong; that gay people who want children do it because they want some sort of "trophy" in order to mimic heterosexual lifestyles; that gay people will turn their children gay.

Los titulares de prensa, incluso ahora, justamente hace un mes, hablan sobre opiniones de personas que opinan que la adopción gay es moralmente mala; que los gays que quieren hijos lo hacen porque quieren un "trofeo" para imitar el estilo de vida heterosexual; que los gays convertirán a sus hijos en gays.

en-es

Good luck with that.

Ah tá...

en-pt-br

(Laughter) And some people even believe that placing children with gay parents is a form of abuse.

(Risos) Algumas pessoas creem até que crianças serem adotadas por casais homoafetivos é uma espécie de violência.

en-pt-br

And one of the things that I want to do today, kind of just for the record, is to say to you I am not on some sort of mission to undermine family values.

И одна из моих целей сегодня, просто для справки, показать, что у меня нет какой-то миссии по подрыву семейных ценностей.

en-ru

Steven is my son.

Steven est mon fils.

en-fr

He is not some sort of lifestyle accessory for me.

On nije neka vrsta dodatka mom životu.

en-sr

And not only do we not abuse him, we support him in dealing with the very difficult early years that he had which led to him being in the care system in the first place.

Non seulement nous ne le maltraitons pas, mais nous le soutenons pour qu'il arrive à faire face aux premières années difficiles qu'il a eues qui ont fait qu'il est entré dans le système de placement familial.

en-fr

But, back to the story.

Voltemos à história.

en-pt-br

We skipped off to our workshop. We were so excited.

Nous sommes précipitées à notre atelier.

en-fr

We were apprehensive, but we were like so enthusiastic, we wanted to go on. We were like, "Woohoo!"

Estábamos inquietas, pero estábamos tan entusiasmadas que queríamos continuar. Estábamos en plan: "¡Yuju!

en-es

And of course, we walked into a room with people who had already been through the very long, the very difficult, and the very exhausting journey of having fertility treatment, but without success.

Разумеется, там, куда мы пришли, были люди, которые уже проделали очень долгий, очень сложный и изнуряющий путь безуспешного лечения бесплодия.

en-ru

Those people were at the end of the road, and for those people, adoption can be a last choice.

Esa gente estaba al final del camino, y, para ellos, la adopción puede ser la última opción.

en-es

Now, I'm not suggesting that that affects their ability to be fantastic parents, but for Emma and I, we came to adoption very differently.

Я не утверждаю, что это влияет на их способности к воспитанию, но мы с Эммой подошли к усыновлению совсем иначе.

en-ru

For us, it was our first choice, and it was an exciting new beginning.

Мы рассматривали усыновление в первую очередь, и это было новым волнующим стартом.

en-ru

And the research into gay adopters is now showing that this is one of the common themes: gay adopters often choose adoption as their first choice, unlike many heterosexual couples, and because of that, it means we come with a different set of more positive expectations at the beginning.

La recherche sur les adoptants homosexuels montre maintenant que c'est l'un des thèmes communs : les adoptants homosexuels choisissent souvent l'adoption comme premier choix, contrairement à de nombreux couples hétérosexuels, et de ce fait, cela signifie que nous arrivons avec des attentes différentes et plus positives.

en-fr

Now, the other thing that that workshop gave us was an incredibly eye-opening view into the kids in our care system, who were then up for adoption.

Outra coisa que aquela oficina nos proporcionou foi a incrível visão que passamos a ter sobre as crianças que vivem no sistema, que estavam aptas para adoção.

en-pt-br

And this is where we have a number of assumptions that get made, and misunderstandings about the adoption process itself.

I ovde nastaje mnoštvo pretpostavki i nesporazuma o samom procesu usvajanja.

en-sr

Now, adoption has changed a lot over the years, but there are still sort of characters and, I'd say, myths around, like the kind of "Orphan Annie," like that sort of little children, just waiting for people to come along and kind of scoop them up.

За прошедшие годы процесс усыновления сильно изменился. Но сложившаяся репутация и мифы в этой области по-прежнему существуют. Будто маленькие дети, как в «Сиротке Энни», просто сидят и ждут, пока кто-то их приютит.

en-ru

There is still the very real fear that social workers somehow have the ability to waltz into families and just take children away, without any hint of concern.

Присутствует реальный страх того, что социальные работники могут просто-напросто заявиться в семью и забрать детей без объяснения причин.

en-ru

Now, all cases are different, but the majority of children who are up for adoption are there because of abuse or neglect, or both.

Конечно, случаи бывают разные, но большинство детей, отданных на усыновление, попадают в патронатные семьи из-за плохого обращения, пренебрежения или того и другого.

en-ru

And because of that neglect or abuse, they can have learning difficulties, they can have attachment disorders and they can have developmental delays.

Y por ese abandono o maltrato, pueden tener dificultades de aprendizaje, pueden tener trastornos afectivos y pueden tener retrasos en su desarrollo.

en-es

And those things are then made worse if they are bounced around the care system.

Sve to se pogoršava, ako ih onda seljakaju po hraniteljskim porodicama.

en-sr

These kids are special.

Essas crianças são especiais.

en-pt-br

These kids are different.

Эти дети не такие, как все.

en-ru

And this is where the research into gay adopters is coming up with a common theme.

I ovde se javlja sličnost sa istraživanjem o gej usvojiteljima.

en-sr

For very different reasons, gay people know what it's like to be different, and because of that, the research is showing that we come to adoption with a greater level of empathy, and we come with a greater level of flexibility in our parenting.

révèle un thème commun. Pour différentes raisons, les personnes homosexuelles savent ce que c'est que d'être différent et, de ce fait, les études montrent que nous abordons l'adoption avec plus d'empathie et avec plus de flexibilité dans notre rôle parental.

en-fr