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. ▁Its ▁distribution ▁in ▁the ▁Western ▁Atlantic ▁extends ▁from ▁North ▁Carolina ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁through ▁the ▁northern ▁Gulf ▁of ▁Mexico ▁and ▁the ▁Ant illes ▁to ▁the ▁Gu ian as . ▁It ▁occurs ▁outside ▁the ▁shore ▁zone . ▁It ▁is ▁b enth ic , ▁living ▁along ▁sand y ▁and ▁mud dy ▁bottom s . ▁ ▁Common ▁names ▁Common ▁names ▁for ▁Syn od us ▁po ey i ▁in ▁other ▁languages ▁include ▁cal ango , ▁lag arto ▁do ▁mar , ▁pe ix e - lag arto ▁( Port ug uese ), ▁ch ile ▁bar b ado , ▁gu ar ip ete , ▁gu av ina , ▁lag arto ▁bar b ado , ▁lag arto ▁o ce án ico , ▁man uel ito ▁( Span ish ), ▁and ▁ot og ai - aka - eso ▁( J apan ese ). ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁ ▁off shore ▁l izard fish ▁Category : F a una ▁of ▁the ▁Sout he astern ▁United ▁States ▁Category : F ish ▁of ▁the ▁Caribbean ▁off shore ▁l izard fish <0x0A> </s> ▁Eric ▁Bag ot ▁M atur in ▁( 3 0 ▁May ▁ 1 8 8 3 ▁– ▁ 1 7 ▁October ▁ 1 9 5 7 ) ▁was ▁a ▁British ▁actor ▁whose ▁acting ▁career ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 0 5 ▁and ▁whose ▁first ▁film ▁appearance ▁was ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 9 ▁during ▁the ▁era ▁of ▁silent ▁films . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁M atur in ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁N ain ital ▁in ▁India ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 3
, ▁the ▁oldest ▁of ▁three ▁sons ▁born ▁to ▁Ed ith ▁Emily ▁( née ▁Money ; ▁ 1 8 6 3 – 1 9 4 5 ) ▁and ▁Colonel ▁Frederick ▁Henry ▁M atur in ▁( 1 8 4 8 – 1 9 3 6 ) ▁of ▁the ▁East ▁Sur rey ▁Regiment , ▁who ▁married ▁on ▁ 1 ▁August ▁ 1 8 8 2 ▁at ▁St ▁Andrew ' s ▁church ▁in ▁Dar je eling ; ▁the ▁couple ▁divor ced ▁in ▁ 1 9 1 1 . ▁In ▁ 1 9 0 1 ▁Eric ▁M atur in ▁was ▁recorded ▁as ▁an ▁insurance ▁office ▁cl erk . ▁During ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁he ▁served ▁in ▁the ▁Royal ▁Field ▁Art illery ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 4 ▁to ▁ 1 9 1 8 , ▁reaching ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁Lieutenant . ▁ ▁M atur in ▁served ▁in ▁Mes op ot am ia ▁for ▁ 1 1 ▁months ▁but ▁he ▁was ▁in val ided ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁UK ▁in ▁August ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁suffering ▁from ▁neur ast hen ia . ▁ ▁At ▁a ▁medical ▁board ▁in ▁Nor wich ▁in ▁November ▁ 1 9 1 7 ▁he ▁was ▁passed ▁as ▁fit ▁for ▁anti - air craft ▁defence ▁duty ▁but ▁his ▁condition ▁returned ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁sent ▁to ▁a ▁hospital ▁in ▁Birmingham ▁in ▁February ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁for ▁treatment . ▁ ▁By ▁June ▁ 1 9 1 8 ▁he ▁was ▁listed ▁as ▁un fit ▁for ▁further ▁service ▁and ▁rel in qu ished ▁his ▁commission , ▁though ▁ret aining ▁the
▁honor ary ▁rank ▁of ▁lieutenant ▁and ▁permission ▁to ▁wear ▁his ▁uniform ▁on ▁occasions ▁that ▁necess itated ▁it . ▁He ▁joined ▁the ▁Army ▁again ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 ▁following ▁the ▁outbreak ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁II . ▁ ▁Stage ▁career ▁ ▁M atur in ' s ▁theatre ▁appearances ▁included ▁roles ▁in ▁such ▁Broadway ▁produ ctions ▁as ▁Love ▁and ▁the ▁Man ▁at ▁the ▁Kn icker b ocker ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 0 5 ), ▁M ys elf ▁– ▁B ett ina ▁at ▁D aly ' s ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 0 8 ), ▁Leonard ▁Ferr is ▁in ▁Mid - Channel ▁at ▁the ▁Empire ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 1 0 ), ▁and ▁The ▁Eld er ▁Son ▁at ▁the ▁Play house ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 1 4 ). ▁ ▁Other ▁the atr ical ▁appearances ▁included ▁Will ▁G anton ▁in ▁The ▁Great ▁John ▁G anton ▁at ▁the ▁Ald w ych ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 0 9 ), ▁a ▁private ▁performance ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁Players ▁of ▁Oscar ▁Wil de ' s ▁Sal ome ▁at ▁the ▁Royal ▁Court ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 1 1 ), ▁Rand all ▁the ▁Rot ter ▁in ▁Heart break ▁House ▁( 1 9 2 1 ), ▁L oy alties ▁at ▁St ▁Martin ' s ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 2 2 ), ▁The ▁Green ▁Hat ▁star ring ▁Tall ul ah ▁Bank head ▁at ▁the ▁Ad el phi ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 2 5 ), ▁Esp ion age ▁at ▁the ▁A pol lo ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁I ▁K illed ▁the ▁Count ▁at ▁the
▁White hall ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 3 7 ) ▁and ▁The ▁Day ▁After ▁Tom orrow ▁( 1 9 4 6 ), ▁star ring ▁Ph yll is ▁D are . ▁ ▁For ▁the ▁Birmingham ▁Re pert ory ▁Theatre ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 8 ▁he ▁played ▁the ▁title ▁role ▁in ▁Mac b eth , ▁directed ▁by ▁Barry ▁Jackson ▁and ▁set ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁I . ▁M atur in ▁played ▁the ▁role ▁dressed ▁as ▁a ▁British ▁general . ▁ ▁Film ▁roles ▁His ▁film ▁roles ▁included ▁Captain ▁Arthur ▁Mason ▁in ▁W isp ▁o ' ▁the ▁Woods ▁( 1 9 1 9 ), ▁Ad rian ▁Red wood ▁in ▁The ▁N aked ▁Man ▁( 1 9 2 3 ), ▁Major ▁Ma ure war de ▁in ▁His ▁House ▁in ▁Order ▁( 1 9 2 8 ), ▁Frank ▁S utton ▁in ▁The ▁S que aker ▁( 1 9 3 0 ), ▁H ector ▁B ray don ▁in ▁Beyond ▁the ▁C ities ▁( 1 9 3 0 ), ▁F ent on ▁in ▁The ▁Girl ▁in ▁the ▁Night ▁( 1 9 3 1 ), ▁Count ▁F ournal ▁in ▁The ▁Face ▁at ▁the ▁Window ▁( 1 9 3 2 ), ▁James ▁Kel ver ▁in ▁The ▁Fl aw ▁( 1 9 3 3 ), ▁The ▁Director ▁in ▁Love , ▁Life ▁and ▁L aughter ▁( 1 9 3 4 ), ▁Tim ▁Gi erson ▁Youth ful ▁F olly ▁( 1 9 3 4 ), ▁Smith ▁in ▁Sand ers ▁of ▁the ▁River ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁Robert ▁Down ing ▁in ▁City ▁of ▁Beautiful ▁N ons
ense ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁Never n ▁in ▁The ▁Price ▁of ▁a ▁Song ▁( 1 9 3 5 ), ▁Captain ▁M ell ock ▁in ▁Be es ▁on ▁the ▁Bo at - De ck ▁( 1 9 3 9 ), ▁The ▁Almost ▁Perfect ▁murder ▁( 1 9 3 9 ), ▁Pass port ▁Officer ▁in ▁Con tr ab and ▁( 1 9 4 0 ), ▁Old er ▁Man ▁in ▁The ▁Fore man ▁W ent ▁to ▁France ▁( 1 9 4 2 ), ▁Colonel ▁Good head ▁in ▁The ▁Life ▁and ▁Death ▁of ▁Colonel ▁Bl imp ▁( 1 9 4 3 ), ▁Geoff rey ' s ▁Father ▁in ▁A ▁Can ter bury ▁T ale ▁( 1 9 4 4 ), ▁Group ▁Capt . ▁Walter ▁Cart wright - God wall ▁in ▁the ▁BBC ' s ▁Sunday ▁Night ▁Theatre ▁( 1 9 5 0 ), ▁W re x ham ▁in ▁Last ▁Hol iday ▁( 1 9 5 0 ), ▁and ▁as ▁Colonel ▁Sebastian ▁Mor an ▁in ▁the ▁BBC ▁TV ▁series ▁Sher lock ▁Holmes ▁( 1 9 5 1 ). ▁ ▁M atur in ▁was ▁a ▁belie ver ▁in ▁Christian ▁Science . ▁He ▁died ▁at ▁the ▁Edward ▁VII ▁Hospital ▁in ▁London ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 7 ▁aged ▁ 7 4 . ▁ ▁Se lected ▁film ography ▁ ▁The ▁N aked ▁Man ▁( 1 9 2 3 ) ▁ ▁Beyond ▁the ▁C ities ▁( 1 9 3 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁S que aker ▁( 1 9 3 0 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Girl ▁in ▁the ▁Night ▁( 1
9 3 1 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Face ▁at ▁the ▁Window ▁( 1 9 3 2 ) ▁ ▁The ▁Fl aw ▁( 1 9 3 3 ) ▁ ▁Love , ▁Life ▁and ▁L aughter ▁( 1 9 3 4 ) ▁ ▁Youth ful ▁F olly ▁( 1 9 3 4 ) ▁ ▁Sing ▁as ▁You ▁Sw ing ▁( 1 9 3 7 ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Profile ▁on ▁M atur in ▁M atur in ▁on ▁the ▁British ▁Film ▁Institute ▁website ▁M atur in ▁on ▁ave le yman . com ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 8 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 5 7 ▁deaths ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁British ▁male ▁actors ▁Category : B rit ish ▁male ▁stage ▁actors ▁Category : B rit ish ▁male ▁silent ▁film ▁actors ▁Category : R oyal ▁Field ▁Art illery ▁officers ▁Category : B rit ish ▁Army ▁personnel ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁Category : B rit ish ▁male ▁film ▁actors <0x0A> </s> ▁Dar re h ▁Ger u - ye ▁O ly a ▁( , ▁also ▁Roman ized ▁as ▁Dar re h ▁Ger ū - ye ▁‘ O ly ā ; ▁also ▁known ▁as ▁Dar re h ▁Ger ū h ▁B ā l ā , ▁Dar re h ▁Ger ū - ye ▁B ā l ā , ▁and ▁Dar re h ▁Gor ū h ▁‘ O ly ā ) ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Bah may i - ye ▁Sar h adi - ye ▁Shar q i ▁R ural ▁District , ▁D ish
m ok ▁District , ▁K oh g il uy eh ▁County , ▁K oh g il uy eh ▁and ▁Boy er - Ah mad ▁Province , ▁Iran . ▁At ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁census , ▁its ▁population ▁was ▁ 2 0 5 , ▁in ▁ 3 9 ▁families . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁K oh g il uy eh ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Wes ley ▁Burg ess ▁( 1 9 ▁May ▁ 1 9 0 7 ▁– ▁ 1 ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 0 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Liberal ▁party ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Canada . ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁in ▁Wallace burg , ▁Ontario ▁and ▁became ▁a ▁lawyer ▁by ▁career . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁first ▁elected ▁at ▁the ▁Lamb ton — K ent ▁riding ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 2 ▁general ▁election . ▁After ▁serving ▁his ▁only ▁term , ▁the ▁ 2 5 th ▁Parliament , ▁he ▁was ▁defeated ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁federal ▁election ▁by ▁Mac ▁McC ut che on ▁of ▁the ▁Progress ive ▁Conservative ▁party . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 0 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 0 ▁deaths ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons ▁of ▁Canada ▁from ▁Ontario ▁Category : L iber al ▁Party ▁of ▁Canada ▁MP s ▁Category : L aw yers ▁in ▁Ontario ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Ch ath am - K ent ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁Canadian ▁lawyers <0x0A> </s>
▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁M AR A ▁( Ui TM ▁) ▁is ▁a ▁public ▁university ▁based ▁primarily ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am , ▁Malaysia ▁that ▁accepts ▁only ▁B um ip ut era ▁. ▁Est ab lished ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁as ▁R ID A ▁( R ural ▁& ▁Industrial ▁Development ▁Authority ) ▁Training ▁Centre ▁( ), ▁it ▁opened ▁to ▁some ▁ 5 0 ▁students ▁with ▁a ▁focus ▁to ▁help ▁the ▁rural ▁Malays . ▁Since ▁that ▁time ▁it ▁has ▁grown ▁into ▁the ▁largest ▁higher ▁education ▁institution ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁by ▁physical ▁infrastructure , ▁staff ▁organisation ▁( ac adem ic ▁and ▁non - ac adem ic ), ▁and ▁student ▁en rol ment . ▁ ▁The ▁university ▁compris es ▁one ▁main ▁campus ▁and ▁ 3 4 ▁state ▁camp uses . ▁With ▁ 1 7 , 4 8 8 ▁academic ▁and ▁non - ac adem ic ▁staff , ▁U i TM ▁offers ▁over ▁ 5 0 0 ▁program mes ▁ranging ▁from ▁foundation ▁to ▁post graduate ▁level . ▁It ▁is ▁home ▁to ▁some ▁ 1 7 0 , 5 1 4 ▁b um ip ut era ▁and ▁international ▁students , ▁in ▁full - time ▁and ▁part - time ▁modes . ▁Te aching ▁is ▁fully ▁conducted ▁in ▁English . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Found ing ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁M AR A ▁( Ui TM ) ▁began ▁as ▁R ID A ▁( R ural ▁& ▁Industrial ▁Development ▁Authority ) ▁Training ▁Centre ▁( ), ▁inspired ▁by ▁On n ▁Ja af ar , ▁the ▁founder ▁and
▁former ▁president ▁of ▁United ▁Malays ▁National ▁Organ isation ▁( UM NO ). ▁The ▁idea ▁was ▁con ceived ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁a ▁study ▁visit ▁to ▁C ey lon ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 1 ▁( now ▁Sri ▁L anka ) ▁to ▁look ▁into ▁its ▁rural ▁development ▁programme . ▁A ▁resulting ▁working ▁paper ▁outlined ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁R ural ▁and ▁Industrial ▁Development ▁Authority ▁( R ID A ) ▁and ▁its ▁objectives ▁of ▁re building ▁the ▁rural ▁society , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁improving ▁the ▁economy ▁of ▁rural ▁Malays . ▁A ▁bill ▁Paper ▁No . ▁ 1 0 / 1 9 5 1 ▁was ▁passed ▁by ▁the ▁Federal ▁Legisl ative ▁Council ▁on ▁the ▁same ▁year ▁that ▁led ▁to ▁its ▁establishment ; ▁reveals ▁an ▁interesting ▁insight ▁into ▁the ▁connection ▁between ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁and ▁the ▁Mal ay ▁community . ▁Section ▁ 5 ▁of ▁this ▁paper ▁out lines ▁the ▁just ification ▁and ▁the ▁necessity ▁of ▁establishing ▁R ural ▁Industrial ▁Development ▁Authority ▁( R ID A ). ▁The ▁word ▁k amp ong ▁( ), ▁which ▁is ▁syn onymous ▁with ▁the ▁Malays , ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁in ▁Section ▁ 8 ▁of ▁the ▁paper . ▁ ▁Training ▁Centre ▁In ▁November ▁ 1 9 5 6 , ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁began ▁operations ▁in ▁Pet aling ▁J aya , ▁Sel ang or ▁( current ly ▁J al an ▁O th man ▁satellite ▁campus ) ▁under ▁its ▁first ▁principal , ▁Sy ed ▁Al wi ▁Sy ed ▁She ikh ▁Al h adi . ▁It ▁was ▁officially ▁opened ▁by ▁Dr ▁Is mail
▁Abd ul ▁Rah man , ▁the ▁Minister ▁for ▁Trade ▁and ▁Industry ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁February ▁ 1 9 5 7 . ▁The ▁training ▁centre ▁conducted ▁pre - univers ity ▁courses , ▁business ▁skills ▁training ▁and ▁several ▁external ▁professional ▁courses ▁offered ▁by ▁established ▁international ▁bodies , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁London ▁Chamber ▁of ▁Commerce , ▁the ▁Australian ▁Ch arter ed ▁Secretary ship , ▁the ▁Australian ▁Society ▁of ▁Account ants ▁and ▁the ▁British ▁Institute ▁of ▁Management . ▁After ▁the ▁formation ▁of ▁the ▁Federation ▁of ▁Malaysia ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 3 , ▁the ▁training ▁centre ▁began ▁to ▁admit ▁native ▁students ▁from ▁Sab ah ▁and ▁Sar aw ak , ▁and ▁more ▁academic ▁program mes ▁were ▁offered . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁held ▁its ▁first ▁conv ocation ▁and ▁ 5 0 ▁gradu ates ▁were ▁awarded ▁cert ificates ▁by ▁Tun ▁Abd ul ▁R az ak , ▁the ▁Deputy ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁Malaysia . ▁ ▁The ▁training ▁centre ▁later ▁became ▁known ▁as ▁M AR A ▁College ▁() ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁The ▁name ▁change ▁meant ▁that ▁the ▁college ▁no ▁longer ▁operated ▁under ▁R ID A ▁and ▁instead ▁became ▁the ▁most ▁important ▁unit ▁of ▁the ▁M AR A ▁Training ▁Division . ▁M AR A ▁stands ▁for ▁Maj l is ▁A man ah ▁R aky at ▁() ▁under ▁the ▁leadership ▁of ▁Tan ▁Sri ▁Ar sh ad ▁Ay ub , ▁took ▁over ▁and ▁strengthen ed ▁the ▁role ▁and ▁respons ibilities ▁of ▁R ID A . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 6
, ▁when ▁the ▁British ▁Institute ▁of ▁Management ▁ce ased ▁conducting ▁external ▁exam inations , ▁M AR A ▁College ▁began ▁running ▁its ▁own ▁Di pl oma ▁in ▁Business ▁Studies . ▁International ▁recognition ▁for ▁the ▁course ▁came ▁from ▁E aling ▁Technical ▁College ▁in ▁London , ▁which ▁also ▁became ▁its ▁external ▁exam iner . ▁ ▁Exp ansion ▁and ▁growth ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 7 , ▁the ▁college ▁was ▁up graded ▁to ▁Institut ▁T ek n olog i ▁M AR A . ▁Its ▁establishment ▁came ▁as ▁a ▁response ▁to ▁a ▁need ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁for ▁trained ▁professionals , ▁especially ▁among ▁b um ip ut eras . ▁This ▁short age ▁was ▁identified ▁through ▁a ▁man power ▁survey ▁conducted ▁by ▁the ▁government ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 ▁collaboration ▁with ▁the ▁United ▁Nations . ▁A cknow led ging ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁education ▁holds ▁the ▁key ▁to ▁positive ▁social ▁engineering ▁processes , ▁IT M ▁has ▁made ▁education ▁easily ▁accessible ▁primarily ▁to ▁the ▁b um ip ut era ▁Malays ▁and ▁ind igenous ▁b um ip ut era ▁of ▁the ▁Mal ay ▁pen insula ▁( such ▁as ▁Jak un , ▁Sen oi ), ▁and ▁those ▁from ▁the ▁East ▁Malaysia ▁( such ▁as ▁the ▁K ad az an - D us un , ▁Mel an au , ▁and ▁Day ak ). ▁It ▁mainly ▁cater ed ▁to ▁semi - prof ess ional ▁courses ▁predomin antly ▁in ▁the ▁science ▁and ▁technology ▁in ▁fields ▁such ▁as ▁engineering , ▁applied ▁sciences ▁and ▁architecture , ▁building ▁and ▁planning . ▁However , ▁real ising ▁the ▁importance ▁of ▁other ▁complement
ary ▁nation - building ▁fields , ▁it ▁has ▁also ▁included ▁a ▁re per toire ▁of ▁other ▁sal ient ▁' management ▁and ▁human ities - based ' ▁fields ▁such ▁as ▁business ▁studies , ▁hotel ▁and ▁cater ing ▁management , ▁mass ▁communications , ▁public ▁administration , ▁law , ▁secret ar ial ▁science , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁art ▁and ▁design . ▁By ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁had ▁been ▁set ▁up ▁in ▁Per l is , ▁Sab ah ▁and ▁Sar aw ak . ▁The ▁development ▁of ▁IT M ▁was ▁in ▁three ▁stages . ▁The ▁first ▁phase ▁( 1 9 6 7 - 1 9 7 6 ) ▁came ▁with ▁the ▁declaration ▁of ▁the ▁inst itute ▁as ▁an ▁autonom ous ▁body ▁with ▁its ▁own ▁ 3 0 0 - acre ▁campus ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am , ▁and ▁was ▁placed ▁under ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁R ural ▁Development . ▁The ▁second ▁phase ▁( 1 9 7 6 - 1 9 9 6 ) ▁saw ▁IT M ▁rapidly ▁h arness ing ▁its ▁potential ▁as ▁an ▁institution ▁of ▁higher ▁learning . ▁It ▁led ▁to ▁the ▁passing ▁of ▁the ▁IT M ▁Act ▁of ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁that ▁placed ▁the ▁inst itute ▁directly ▁under ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Education . ▁ ▁University ▁status ▁The ▁third ▁phase ▁( 1 9 9 6 - 1 9 9 9 ) ▁came ▁about ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁an ▁am endment ▁to ▁the ▁IT M ▁Act ▁ 1 9 7 6 ▁which ▁granted ▁the ▁institution ▁all ▁the ▁powers ▁of ▁a ▁university ▁and ▁on
▁par ▁with ▁all ▁the ▁universities ▁in ▁the ▁country , ▁despite ▁ret aining ▁its ▁name . ▁Among ▁the ▁significant ▁change ▁was ▁a ▁creation ▁of ▁Board ▁of ▁Direct ors ▁and ▁Senate . ▁Many ▁principal ▁officers ▁of ▁IT M ▁were ▁re - design ated ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁Branch ▁Director ▁was ▁renamed ▁R ector , ▁the ▁Head ▁of ▁Camp us ▁became ▁the ▁Prov ost , ▁while ▁Pr incipal ▁and ▁Senior ▁L ect urers ▁were ▁re - design ated ▁as ▁Profess ors ▁and ▁Mal ay ▁Associ ate ▁Profess ors , ▁respectively ; ▁each ▁School ▁was ▁re design ated ▁as ▁a ▁Fac ulty ; ▁IT M ▁was ▁given ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁confer ▁degrees ▁up ▁to ▁Doctor ▁of ▁Philosoph y ▁level ; ▁IT M ▁was ▁given ▁the ▁unique ▁power ▁to ▁establish ▁courses ▁and ▁camp uses ▁abroad ▁with ▁permission ▁from ▁the ▁Minister ▁of ▁Education ; ▁the ▁Institute ▁was ▁con ferred ▁additional ▁powers ▁to ▁enable ▁it ▁to ▁conduct ▁business , ▁invest ▁in ▁shares , ▁set ▁up ▁companies ▁and ▁engage ▁in ▁commercial ▁research ; ▁discipl inary ▁powers ▁over ▁staff ▁were ▁transferred ▁from ▁the ▁Minister ▁to ▁the ▁Board ▁of ▁Direct ors ; ▁to ▁improve ▁staff ▁account ability , ▁the ▁Institute ▁was ▁best owed ▁the ▁power ▁to ▁imp ose ▁a ▁sur charge ; ▁and ▁the ▁proced ural ▁rights ▁of ▁students ▁in ▁discipl inary ▁proceedings ▁were ▁strengthen ed . ▁ ▁In ▁August ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁Dr ▁Mah ath ir ▁Moh am ad ▁announced ▁the ▁change ▁in ▁name ▁of ▁IT M ▁to ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁M AR
A , ▁U i TM . ▁With ▁such ▁acknowled g ement ▁from ▁the ▁government , ▁a ▁major ▁re struct uring ▁exercise ▁was ▁carried ▁out ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁consolid ate ▁the ▁University ' s ▁resources ▁for ▁opt imum ▁productivity . ▁The ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁M AR A ▁Act ▁ 1 7 3 ▁was ▁draft ed ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁U i TM . ▁It ▁is ▁deemed ▁essential ▁as ▁the ▁Act ▁provides ▁guidelines ▁for ▁maintenance ▁and ▁smooth ▁administration ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁other ▁pert aining ▁matters . ▁The ▁Act ▁also ▁serves ▁as ▁an ▁acknowled g ement ▁of ▁the ▁institution ’ s ▁transition ▁from ▁an ▁inst itute ▁to ▁a ▁university , ▁and ▁the ▁authority ▁best owed ▁upon ▁it ▁to ▁function ▁like ▁any ▁other ▁university . ▁This ▁includes ▁the ▁offering ▁of ▁courses ▁of ▁studies ▁and ▁the ▁confer ment ▁of ▁degrees ▁at ▁all ▁levels . ▁ ▁Camp us ▁U i TM ▁is ▁Malaysia ' s ▁largest ▁institution ▁of ▁higher ▁learning ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁size ▁and ▁population . ▁Besides ▁the ▁main ▁campus ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am , ▁the ▁university ▁has ▁expanded ▁nation wide ▁with ▁ 3 4 ▁branch ▁camp uses , ▁which ▁collect ively ▁offers ▁more ▁than ▁ 5 0 0 ▁academic ▁program mes . ▁U i TM ▁established ▁a ▁system ▁called ▁ 1 ▁University ▁Multi ▁System ▁( 1 Ui TM ). ▁Based ▁on ▁this ▁system , ▁there ▁is ▁an ▁anchor ▁university ▁and ▁ 1 3 ▁branch ▁camp uses . ▁ ▁The ▁anchor ▁university ▁assumes ▁the ▁role ▁of ▁the ▁administrative ▁centre ▁and ▁the
▁branch ▁camp uses ▁will ▁be ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁state ▁administration . ▁U i TM ▁is ▁headed ▁by ▁a ▁Vice - Ch ancell or ▁while ▁the ▁branch ▁campus ▁is ▁headed ▁by ▁a ▁R ector , ▁who ▁is ▁directly ▁account able ▁to ▁the ▁Vice - Ch ancell or . ▁The ▁anchor ▁university ▁consists ▁of ▁the ▁main ▁campus ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁and ▁the ▁Sel ang or ▁Branch ▁Camp us ▁( P unc ak ▁Al am , ▁Sel ay ang , ▁S ung ai ▁Bul oh , ▁P unc ak ▁Per d ana , ▁J al an ▁O th man ▁and ▁D eng kil ), ▁while ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁consist ▁of ▁all ▁the ▁camp uses ▁in ▁each ▁state ▁and ▁its ▁satellite ▁camp uses . ▁All ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁will ▁be ▁given ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁status ▁in ▁phases . ▁As ▁of ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁there ▁are ▁seven ▁branch ▁camp uses ▁which ▁have ▁been ▁given ▁the ▁autonom ous ▁status ▁namely , ▁Per l is , ▁Per ak , ▁Ter eng gan u , ▁Sar aw ak , ▁Mel aka , ▁Pul au ▁Pin ang ▁and ▁P ah ang ▁camp uses . ▁ ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁Main ▁Camp us ▁ ▁L ibraries ▁The ▁founding ▁of ▁U i TM ▁Library ▁began ▁with ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁at ▁J al an ▁O th man , ▁Pet aling ▁J aya ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 . ▁Init ially , ▁it ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁R ID A ▁Library ▁that ▁was ▁loaded
▁with ▁reading ▁materials ▁for ▁accounting ▁book ▁keeping ▁and ▁London ▁Chamber ▁of ▁Commerce ▁( L CC ) ▁examination ▁prepar atory ▁courses . ▁The ▁administration ▁of ▁the ▁library ▁was ▁operated ▁in ▁a ▁room ▁located ▁on ▁the ▁first ▁floor ▁of ▁the ▁old ▁Administr ative ▁Department ▁building ▁at ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre . ▁Later , ▁the ▁library ▁was ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁ground ▁floor ▁of ▁the ▁Administr ative ▁Department ▁an nex ▁to ▁accommodate ▁the ▁increase ▁of ▁users ▁and ▁collections . ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 5 , ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁library ▁was ▁changed ▁to ▁M AR A ▁College ▁Library ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁the ▁change ▁from ▁R ID A ▁Training ▁Centre ▁to ▁M AR A ▁College . ▁It ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁year ▁that ▁M AR A ▁College ▁Library ▁was ▁administer ed ▁by ▁a ▁certified ▁officer ▁in ▁l ibr arians hip . ▁The ▁library ▁collections ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁consisted ▁only ▁of ▁books , ▁jour nals , ▁magazines , ▁newspapers ▁and ▁other ▁foreign ▁publications ▁in ▁English . ▁On ▁October ▁ 1 4 , ▁ 1 9 6 7 , ▁M AR A ▁College ▁was ▁again ▁changed ▁to ▁M AR A ▁Institute ▁of ▁Technology ▁( IT M ). ▁In ▁a ▁short ▁period ▁of ▁time , ▁the ▁J al an ▁O th man ▁campus ▁could ▁no ▁longer ▁accommodate ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁new ▁professional ▁courses ▁that ▁indirect ly ▁has ▁caused ▁an ▁increase ▁in ▁the ▁number ▁of ▁students . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 2 , ▁the ▁IT M ▁main ▁campus ▁was ▁built ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am . ▁A ▁four - store
y ▁building ▁was ▁spec ially ▁designated ▁as ▁the ▁IT M ▁library , ▁designed ▁based ▁on ▁discussion ▁with ▁the ▁Chief ▁L ibr arian , ▁according ▁to ▁specific ations ▁of ▁an ▁academic ▁library . ▁▁ ▁This ▁library ▁was ▁off ici ated ▁by ▁the ▁second ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁Malaysia , ▁Tun ▁Abd ul ▁R az ak ▁on ▁July ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 1 9 7 2 . ▁The ▁name ▁Tun ▁Abd ul ▁R az ak ▁Library ▁was ▁chosen ▁in ▁honour ▁of ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister . ▁On ▁August ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 9 9 , ▁the ▁fourth ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁of ▁Malaysia , ▁Tun ▁Dr . ▁Mah ath ir ▁Moh am ad ▁announced ▁that ▁IT M ▁has ▁been ▁up graded ▁to ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁M AR A ▁( Ui TM ). ▁This ▁new ▁status ▁brought ▁U i TM ▁Library ▁to ▁a ▁transform ational ▁process ▁from ▁a ▁traditional ▁library ▁to ▁a ▁hybrid ▁library ▁in ▁line ▁with ▁the ▁development ▁of ▁current ▁technology . ▁The ▁library ▁internal ▁processes ▁are ▁now ▁automated . ▁In ▁addition , ▁U i TM ▁Library ▁services ▁can ▁now ▁be ▁accessed ▁ 2 4 / 7 ▁via ▁the ▁website ▁http :// www . library . uit m . edu . my /. ▁It ▁functions ▁as ▁the ▁primary ▁source ▁of ▁online ▁reference ▁for ▁users ▁at ▁all ▁time , ▁with ▁the ▁Any where , ▁Any time , ▁Anyone ▁concept . ▁ ▁Res idential ▁colleges ▁There ▁are ▁ 1 3 ▁residential ▁colleges ▁which ▁provide ▁accommodation ▁to ▁students ▁in ▁the ▁main ▁campus . ▁These
▁colleges ▁differ ▁from ▁one ▁another ▁in ▁terms ▁of ▁room ▁capacity , ▁where ▁some ▁colleges ▁accommodate ▁two ▁students ▁per ▁room ▁while ▁some ▁accommodate ▁up ▁to ▁eight ▁students ▁per ▁room . ▁Res idential ▁colleges ▁are ▁not ▁autonom ous ▁as ▁they ▁fall ▁under ▁the ▁juris diction ▁of ▁U i TM . ▁However , ▁the ▁director ▁of ▁each ▁college ▁has ▁vast ▁power ▁end ors ed ▁to ▁them ▁in ▁governing ▁these ▁colleges . ▁ ▁The ▁colleges ▁are ▁seg reg ated ▁by ▁gender ▁where ▁different ▁colleges ▁cater ▁only ▁to ▁either ▁male ▁or ▁female ▁students , ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁K ole j ▁Ter ata i ▁where ▁male ▁and ▁female ▁students ▁live ▁in ▁different ▁blocks . ▁R ental ▁for ▁residential ▁colleges ▁in ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁campus ▁is ▁free ▁for ▁only ▁first ▁year ▁students . ▁However , ▁a ▁minimum ▁fee ▁is ▁charged ▁for ▁second ▁year ▁students ▁and ▁above . ▁First ▁year ▁students ▁are ▁not ▁allowed ▁to ▁drive ▁their ▁own ▁vehicles ▁except ▁for ▁motor cy cles . ▁All ▁colleges ▁have ▁access ▁to ▁free ▁Wi - Fi ▁service , ▁which ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁integrated ▁wireless ▁internet ▁connection ▁for ▁the ▁university ▁itself . ▁ ▁As ▁the ▁main ▁campus ▁receives ▁an ▁increase ▁in ▁student ▁en rol ment ▁each ▁year , ▁there ▁are ▁constraints ▁on ▁the ▁residential ▁college ▁facilities . ▁Many ▁students ▁in ▁U i TM ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁have ▁to ▁rent ▁off - camp us ▁residential ▁facilities ▁on ▁their ▁own . ▁In ▁ensuring ▁the ▁welfare ▁and ▁safety ▁of ▁the ▁non - res ident ▁students ▁who ▁stay ▁off - camp us , ▁the ▁college ▁management
▁has ▁established ▁a ▁Non - Res ident ▁Management ▁Unit ▁to ▁manage ▁living ▁environment ▁matters ▁for ▁these ▁students . ▁This ▁unit ▁will ▁help ▁non - res ident ▁students ▁in ▁search ▁of ▁accommodation ▁within ▁Shah ▁Al am . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁some ▁facilities ▁offered ▁to ▁non - res ident ▁students . ▁Pr ima ▁S is wa ▁Complex ▁located ▁inside ▁the ▁campus , ▁provides ▁a ▁student ▁l ounge . ▁It ▁features ▁a ▁large ▁screen ▁television , ▁day ▁lock ers , ▁information ▁r acks , ▁bullet in ▁board , ▁pool ▁table , ▁fo os ball , ▁indoor ▁games , ▁prayer ▁room ▁and ▁student ▁activity ▁room . ▁The ▁U i TM ▁Student ▁Service ▁Centre ▁is ▁located ▁outside ▁the ▁campus ▁in ▁the ▁Section ▁ 7 ▁Commercial ▁Centre , ▁Shah ▁Al am . ▁It ▁includes ▁free ▁internet ▁surf ing ▁( w ired ▁and ▁Wi - Fi ), ▁self - service ▁laundry ▁and ▁a ▁small ▁l ounge . ▁ ▁Academ ic ▁The ▁university ▁is ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁fac ult ies ▁and ▁academ ies . ▁It ▁is ▁categor ised ▁into ▁three ▁main ▁clusters ▁namely ▁business ▁and ▁management ; ▁social ▁sciences ▁and ▁human ities ; ▁and ▁science ▁and ▁technology . ▁The ▁Academ ic ▁Affairs ▁Division , ▁headed ▁by ▁a ▁Deputy ▁Vice - Ch ancell or , ▁is ▁responsible ▁to ▁ensure ▁the ▁sound ness ▁of ▁the ▁academic ▁programs ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁robust , ▁uniform ▁and ▁standard ised ▁academic ▁delivery ▁throughout ▁the ▁whole ▁U i TM ▁system ▁across ▁the ▁nation . ▁ ▁The ▁Senate ▁is ▁the ▁highest ▁authority ▁in ▁U i
TM ▁for ▁all ▁academic ▁matters . ▁It ▁is ▁cha ired ▁by ▁the ▁Vice - Ch ancell or ▁and ▁the ▁membership ▁compris es ▁all ▁De ans ▁of ▁fac ult ies ▁and ▁academic ▁cent res , ▁representatives ▁from ▁the ▁Rect ors ▁of ▁camp uses , ▁senior ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁academic ▁staff , ▁and ▁a ▁registr ar . ▁The ▁Senate ▁are ▁responsible ▁to ▁create ▁curriculum ▁and ▁academic ▁programs ; ▁to ▁set ▁the ▁standard ▁of ▁teaching , ▁learning ▁and ▁training ▁conducted ▁at ▁the ▁U i TM ; ▁to ▁determine ▁the ▁entry ▁qual ifications ▁into ▁any ▁academic ▁programs ▁offered ; ▁and ▁to ▁endorse ▁the ▁results ▁of ▁student ▁assess ments ▁and ▁awards ▁of ▁all ▁academic ▁degrees ▁at ▁doctor al , ▁master , ▁b achelor , ▁di pl oma ▁and ▁certificate ▁levels . ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁May ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁ 4 7 0 ▁program mes ▁offered ▁by ▁U i TM ▁include ▁degrees ▁at ▁doctor al , ▁master , ▁b achelor , ▁di pl oma ▁and ▁certificate ▁levels . ▁There ▁are ▁ 2 8 6 ▁program mes ▁based ▁on ▁science ▁and ▁technology ▁while ▁another ▁ 1 8 4 ▁program mes ▁are ▁non - science ▁and ▁technology . ▁In ▁addition , ▁ 9 4 ▁professional ▁program mes ▁( local ▁and ▁international ) ▁are ▁offered ▁by ▁U i TM . ▁This ▁includes ▁program mes ▁certified ▁by ▁University ▁of ▁London ▁International ▁Program mes , ▁the ▁Association ▁of ▁Ch arter ed ▁Cert ified ▁Account ants ▁( AC CA ), ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Ch arter ed ▁Secret aries ▁and ▁Administr ators ▁(
IC SA ), ▁the ▁Ch arter ed ▁Institute ▁of ▁Transport ▁( C IT ), ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Elect rical ▁& ▁Elect ron ics ▁Engine ers ▁( I EEE ), ▁the ▁Institute ▁of ▁Elect rical ▁Engine ers ▁( I EE ), ▁the ▁Ch arter ed ▁Institute ▁of ▁Building ▁( C IO B ), ▁London ▁College ▁of ▁Print ing , ▁Institute ▁and ▁Fac ulty ▁of ▁Act u aries ▁of ▁United ▁Kingdom ▁and ▁many ▁more . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 3 , ▁U i TM ▁( then ▁IT M ) ▁established ▁IT M - Off ▁Camp us ▁with ▁the ▁aim ▁to ▁provide ▁opportunities ▁for ▁working ▁adults ▁to ▁further ▁and ▁obtain ▁a ▁quality ▁t ert i ary ▁education . ▁Class es ▁are ▁held ▁after ▁office ▁hours ▁on ▁week days ▁and ▁on ▁week ends , ▁and ▁courses ▁are ▁pattern ed ▁after ▁the ▁full - time ▁mainstream ▁programs . ▁The ▁success ▁of ▁external ▁program ▁prop elled ▁U i TM ▁toward ▁emb ark ing ▁upon ▁the ▁distance ▁mode . ▁After ▁several ▁improvements ▁and ▁revolution , ▁Institute ▁of ▁Ne o ▁Education ▁( i N ED ) ▁was ▁formed ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁offering ▁several ▁di pl oma ▁and ▁degree ▁courses ▁on ▁distance ▁and ▁out - camp us ▁mode . ▁ ▁Research ▁Univers iti ▁T ek n olog i ▁M AR A ▁( Ui TM ) ▁is ▁a ▁self - desc ribed ▁" re search - int ensive ▁entrepreneur ial ▁university " ▁considered ▁by ▁the ▁Q S ▁World ▁University ▁Rank ings ▁to ▁have ▁" very ▁high ▁research ▁activity
". ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁U i TM ' s ▁research ▁publication ▁was ▁ranked ▁ 5 th ▁nation wide ▁by ▁Web ▁of ▁Science . ▁Sc op us ▁reported , ▁a ▁total ▁of ▁ 6 , 8 6 3 ▁papers ▁has ▁been ▁published ▁in ▁academic ▁jour nals ▁by ▁U i TM ▁fac ult ies ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁until ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁It ▁was ▁cited ▁in ▁ 7 , 4 7 9 ▁papers ▁with ▁ 3 2 . 7 % ▁of ▁it ▁was ▁self - c ited ▁by ▁U i TM ' s ▁researchers . ▁ ▁Institute ▁of ▁Research ▁Management ▁& ▁Innov ation ▁( IR MI ) ▁is ▁the ▁research ▁arm ▁of ▁the ▁university . ▁It ▁was ▁created ▁to ▁manage ▁research , ▁consult ancy , ▁intellectual ▁property ▁protection , ▁commercial isation , ▁initi ate ▁new ▁research ▁and ▁innovation ▁activities . ▁IR MI ▁conduct s ▁sem in ars , ▁workshops ▁and ▁road sh ows ▁to ▁encourage ▁and ▁train ▁the ▁academ ics ▁and ▁non - ac adem ic ▁staff ▁on ▁research ▁and ▁consult ancy , ▁secur ing ▁research ▁grants ▁and ▁projects , ▁managing ▁their ▁fin ances ▁and ▁publishing ▁research ▁work . ▁It ▁also ▁handles ▁the ▁university ’ s ▁Research ▁Eth ics ▁Committee . ▁▁ ▁In ▁the ▁same ▁ve in , ▁IR MI ▁organ ises ▁expos itions ▁of ▁innov ations ▁and ▁research ▁to ▁encourage ▁innov ations ▁and ▁invent ions ▁within ▁the ▁university ’ s ▁environment . ▁ ▁U i TM , ▁in ▁the ▁Shah ▁Al am ▁main ▁campus ▁and
▁its ▁satellite ▁camp uses ▁in ▁the ▁K lang ▁Valley , ▁has ▁been ▁focusing ▁on ▁research ▁excell ence ▁and ▁post graduate ▁training ▁since ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁in ▁response ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Malaysia ▁Plan , ▁which ▁include ▁the ▁Research ▁and ▁Development ▁( R & D ) ▁Road map ▁Action ▁Plan . ▁The ▁U i TM ▁R & D ▁Road map ▁specifically ▁emphas ised ▁on ▁two ▁research ▁performance ▁indic ators , ▁namely ▁to ▁increase ▁number ▁of ▁principal ▁investig ators ▁and ▁students ▁to ▁publish ▁in ▁Web ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Sc op us ▁jour nals . ▁Research ▁funding ▁in ▁U i TM ▁has ▁been ▁stead ily ▁increasing ▁from ▁just ▁over ▁R M 1 4 ▁million ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁to ▁R M 5 0 . 4 ▁million ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁Social ▁science ▁and ▁human ities ▁research ▁made ▁up ▁around ▁ 2 0 % ▁of ▁the ▁secured ▁funding . ▁ ▁To ▁ste er ▁Malaysia ▁towards ▁becoming ▁an ▁innovation - based ▁and ▁knowledge - based ▁economy , ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Hig her ▁Education ▁( MO HE ) ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁recognised ▁six ▁research ▁institutions ▁as ▁Hig her ▁Institut ions ▁Centre ▁of ▁Excell ence ▁( H IC o E ) ▁including ▁U i TM ' s ▁Account ing ▁Research ▁Institute ▁( AR I ) ▁for ▁its ▁research ▁n iche ▁area ▁in ▁Islamic ▁Finance ▁Crim in ology . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁U i TM ' s ▁Malays ian ▁Institute ▁of ▁Transport ▁( MIT RAN S
) ▁con ferred ▁as ▁H IC o E ▁for ▁the ▁n iche ▁area ▁of ▁Hal al an ▁Toy y ib ban ▁Supp ly ▁Chain . ▁Six ▁U i TM ' s ▁research ▁institutions ▁has ▁been ▁granted ▁Centre ▁of ▁Excell ence ▁( Co E ) ▁status ▁namely ▁Institute ▁of ▁Science ▁( I OS ), ▁Institute ▁of ▁In frastructure ▁and ▁Environmental ▁Services ▁and ▁Management ▁( II ES M ), ▁Institute ▁of ▁Path ology , ▁Medical ▁and ▁Fore ns ic ▁Labor atory ▁( I - P Per Form ), ▁Att a - U r - R ah man ▁Institute ▁for ▁Natural ▁Product ▁Dis covery ▁( A u R Ins ), ▁Integr ative ▁Ph arm ac ogen omic ▁Centre ▁( i PRO MI SE ), ▁and ▁Institute ▁of ▁Business ▁Excell ence ▁( IB E ). ▁ ▁Rep ut ation ▁ ▁As ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁leading ▁universities ▁in ▁Malaysia , ▁U i TM ▁has ▁been ▁rated ▁posit ively ▁by ▁local ▁and ▁international ▁bodies . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁U i TM ▁was ▁rated ▁' T ier ▁ 5 : ▁Excell ent ' ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁Malays ian ▁Qual ifications ▁Agency ▁( M Q A ) ▁Rating ▁System ▁for ▁Hig her ▁Education ▁Institut ions ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁( SET AR A ▁' 0 9 ). ▁U i TM ▁maintained ▁its ▁rating ▁of ▁' T ier ▁ 5 : ▁Excell ent ' ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Malays ian ▁Qual ifications ▁Agency ▁( M Q A ) ▁Rating ▁System ▁for ▁Hig her
▁Education ▁Institut ions ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁( SET AR A ▁' 1 1 ). ▁In ▁the ▁same ▁year , ▁U i TM ▁was ▁rated ▁ 2 ▁stars ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Malays ian ▁Research ▁Ass essment ▁In strument ▁( My RA ) ▁where ▁universities ▁are ▁given ▁“ star ▁ratings ” ▁for ▁their ▁research , ▁development ▁and ▁commercial isation ▁efforts . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 3 , ▁U i TM ▁was ▁awarded ▁by ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Hig her ▁Education ▁as ▁Entre pre neur ial ▁University ▁Of ▁The ▁Year . ▁ ▁In ▁global ▁rank ings , ▁U i TM ▁best ▁performance ▁was ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁when ▁it ▁positioned ▁as ▁ 1 6 8 th ▁best ▁university ▁in ▁Asia , ▁despite ▁maintaining ▁its ▁ 7 th ▁position ▁locally . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁five ▁subjects ▁were ▁ranked ▁in ▁Q S ▁World ▁University ▁Rank ing ▁by ▁Subject , ▁an ▁increase ▁of ▁two ▁subjects ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁ranking . ▁ ▁International ▁partners ▁The ▁university ▁holds ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁formal ▁links ▁with ▁institutions ▁from ▁around ▁the ▁world ▁to ▁share ▁teaching ▁and ▁research ▁and ▁facilitate ▁staff ▁and ▁student ▁ex changes . ▁As ▁of ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁a ▁total ▁of ▁ 2 5 ▁universities ▁engagement , ▁ 9 ▁emb ass ies ▁and ▁ 2 ▁others ▁have ▁been ▁identified ▁as ▁global ▁partners . ▁ ▁Univers ities ▁▁ ▁X i ’ an ▁Pe ih ua ▁University ▁▁ ▁Indiana ▁University ▁Al umn i ▁Association ▁▁ ▁Univers itas ▁And al as
▁▁ ▁Univers itas ▁Islam ▁S ultan ▁Ag ung ▁( UN I SS UL A ) ▁▁ ▁L iny i ▁University , ▁Sh and ong ▁▁ ▁University ▁of ▁Texas ▁A ring ton ▁▁ ▁Tokyo ▁University ▁of ▁Agricult ure ▁and ▁Technology ▁( T U AT ) ▁▁ ▁Univers itas ▁Jay ab aya , ▁Jak arta ▁▁ ▁H ok ka ido ▁University ▁▁ ▁National ▁Institute ▁of ▁Technology , ▁K ag awa ▁College ▁▁ ▁B unk yo ▁G aku in ▁University ▁▁ ▁University ▁Grant ▁Commission ▁of ▁Bangl adesh ▁▁ ▁Bh ag want ▁University ▁A j mer ▁▁ ▁Sh iba ura ▁Institute ▁of ▁Technology ▁( S IT ) ▁▁ ▁O H IO ▁University ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁ ▁▁ ▁Frankfurt ▁University ▁of ▁Ap plied ▁Sciences ▁▁ ▁Re ut ingen ▁University ▁▁ ▁R its ume ikan ▁University ▁▁ ▁B unk yo ▁G aku in ▁University ▁▁ ▁Toy o ▁University ▁▁ ▁K ang won ▁National ▁University ▁▁ ▁Sh and ong ▁X ie h ie ▁University ▁▁ ▁University ▁of ▁C inc inn ati , ▁Ohio ▁▁ ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁Texas , ▁Ar lington ▁▁ ▁Br une i ▁University ▁ ▁Emb ass ies ▁ ▁Canadian ▁Emb assy ▁ ▁Emb assy ▁of ▁The ▁People ’ s ▁Republic ▁of ▁China ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁( 3 ) ▁ ▁Emb assy ▁of ▁The ▁State ▁of ▁Ku wait ▁ ▁Emb assy ▁of ▁Czech ▁Republic ▁ ▁Cons ulate ▁General ▁Malaysia ▁in ▁Shanghai ▁ ▁Emb assy ▁of ▁The ▁Federal ▁Republic ▁of ▁Som alia ▁ ▁Emb assy ▁of ▁The ▁Republic ▁of ▁U
zb ek istan ▁ ▁Others ▁ ▁Sk ype ▁Meeting ▁Better ▁Fut ures ▁ ▁A PA / E ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁ ▁Al umn i ▁ ▁U i TM ▁gradu ates ▁have ▁found ▁success ▁in ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁fields , ▁and ▁have ▁served ▁at ▁the ▁heads ▁of ▁diverse ▁institutions ▁both ▁in ▁the ▁public ▁and ▁private ▁sector . ▁As ▁of ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁more ▁than ▁ 6 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁al umn i ▁have ▁graduated ▁from ▁U i TM ▁over ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁its ▁history . ▁A ▁dedicated ▁U i TM ▁Office ▁of ▁Al umn i ▁Rel ations ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁which ▁aims ▁to ▁maintaining ▁and ▁updating ▁a ▁database ▁of ▁al umn i ▁in ▁collaboration ▁with ▁fac ult ies ▁and ▁camp uses ; ▁promote ▁strategic ▁relationships ; ▁maxim ising ▁social ▁capital ▁and ▁to ▁promote ▁the ▁generation ▁of ▁income ▁through ▁entrepreneur ial ▁activity ▁with ▁al umn i . ▁Fr atern ity ▁among ▁al umn us ▁was ▁further ▁up hold ▁with ▁the ▁establishment ▁of ▁U i TM ▁Bud iman ▁Foundation ▁which ▁helps ▁the ▁need y ▁students ▁and ▁give ▁financial ▁support ▁to ▁current ▁student ▁who ▁further ▁studies ▁in ▁post grad ▁level . ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁notable ▁al umn i ▁include ▁the ▁following : ▁ ▁HR H ▁S iti ▁A ish ah : ▁ 1 1 th ▁R aja ▁Per ma is uri ▁Ag ong ▁( Que en ) ▁of ▁Malaysia . ▁ ▁Richard ▁Mal anj um : ▁Chief ▁Judge ▁at ▁the ▁High ▁Cour
ts ▁of ▁Sab ah ▁and ▁Sar aw ak ▁and ▁former ▁Judge ▁at ▁the ▁Court ▁of ▁Appe al ▁and ▁Federal ▁Court . ▁ ▁Mus a ▁A man : ▁Polit ician , ▁ 1 4 th ▁Chief ▁Minister ▁of ▁Sab ah . ▁ ▁K amar ud in ▁Mer an un : ▁Co - found er ▁and ▁Executive ▁Chairman ▁of ▁Air As ia . ▁ ▁A min ar ▁R ash id ▁S alle h : ▁President ▁and ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁Officer ▁of ▁Per od ua , ▁Malaysia ' s ▁largest ▁autom obile ▁manufacturer . ▁ ▁Sh az all i ▁Ram ly : ▁Chief ▁Executive ▁Officer ▁of ▁Cel com , ▁a ▁tele commun ication ▁con gl omer ate . ▁ ▁K ham il ▁J amil : ▁Man aging ▁Director ▁of ▁DR B - H IC OM , ▁one ▁of ▁Malaysia ' s ▁leading ▁corporation . ▁ ▁Nancy ▁Sh uk ri : ▁Polit ician , ▁Minister ▁in ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ' s ▁Department . ▁ ▁Az al ina ▁O th man ▁S aid : ▁Polit ician , ▁Minister ▁in ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ' s ▁Department ▁and ▁former ▁Minister ▁of ▁Youth ▁and ▁Sports . ▁ ▁Z aid ▁I bra him : ▁Polit ician , ▁former ▁Minister ▁in ▁the ▁Prime ▁Minister ' s ▁Department ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁legal ▁affairs . ▁ ▁Moh d ▁Z in ▁Moh amed : ▁Polit ician , ▁former ▁Minister ▁of ▁Works . ▁ ▁Dy ana ▁Sof ya ▁Moh d ▁D aud : ▁Polit ician , ▁lawyer ▁and ▁column ist . ▁Rah mat ▁Moh am ad : ▁
5 th ▁S ect ary - General ▁of ▁Asian - A fr ican ▁Legal ▁Consult ative ▁Organization ▁( A AL CO ). ▁ ▁Y una : ▁Malays ian ▁singer - s ong writer ▁and ▁business woman . ▁ ▁Fa iz al ▁T ah ir : ▁Malays ian ▁singer - s ong writer . ▁ ▁Moh am ad ▁Sab u : ▁Polit ician , ▁ ▁Minister ▁of ▁Def ence . ▁ ▁Han is ▁Z al ik ha : ▁B logger , ▁Model ▁& ▁Act ress . ▁ ▁M ira ▁Fil z ah : ▁A ctor . ▁ ▁F att ah ▁A min : ▁A ctor ▁& ▁S inger . ▁ ▁T eng ku ▁Ad nan : ▁Polit ician ▁ ▁Bar u ▁B ian : ▁Polit ician ▁ ▁Ah ir ud in ▁Att an : ▁B logger , ▁journalist ▁and ▁former ▁editor , ▁Former ▁editor ▁of ▁several ▁New ▁Str ait s ▁Times ▁Press ▁( N ST P ) ▁publications , ▁including ▁the ▁Business ▁Times , ▁The ▁Mal ay ▁Mail ▁and ▁The ▁Sunday ▁Mail . ▁ ▁F ik ry ▁I bra him : ▁A ctor , ▁Com ed ian , ▁TV ▁Host , ▁& ▁Model ▁ ▁R ina ▁Har un : ▁Polit ician , ▁Women ' s ▁Chief ▁of ▁the ▁Malays ian ▁United ▁Ind igenous ▁Party ▁( PP BM ), ▁a ▁component ▁of ▁the ▁Pak atan ▁Har apan ▁( PH ) ▁coalition . ▁ ▁Af if ▁Bah ard in : ▁Polit ician , ▁Deputy ▁Chief ▁of ▁Part i ▁K ead il an ▁R aky at ▁Perm
at ang ▁P au h ; ▁Pen ang ▁State ▁Executive ▁Coun c ill or ▁for ▁agriculture , ▁ag ro - based ▁industries , ▁rural ▁development ▁and ▁health . ▁ ▁Ben ▁Am ir : ▁A ctor ▁& ▁Model . ▁ ▁A min udd in ▁Har un : ▁Polit ician , ▁as ▁the ▁ele vent h ▁M enter i ▁Bes ar ▁of ▁Neg eri ▁Sem bil an ▁ ▁A ish ah ▁S incl air : ▁Act ress , ▁TV ▁Host ▁& ▁Radio ▁Ann oun cer , ▁model ▁of ▁Soft lan ▁product , ▁the ▁spokes person ▁for ▁Y ay as an ▁An ak ▁War isan ▁Al am ▁( Y A WA ) ▁ ▁Moh d ▁An uar ▁Moh d ▁T ah ir : ▁Polit ician , ▁politician ▁from ▁the ▁National ▁Trust ▁Party ▁( AM AN AH ), ▁serving ▁as ▁an ▁inc umb ent ▁Deputy ▁Minister ▁of ▁Works ▁for ▁the ▁Malays ian ▁government ▁ ▁Sy ams ul ▁Am ri ▁Is mail : ▁Free ▁Pre acher ▁ ▁N ory n ▁Az iz : ▁S inger ▁ ▁Y uli and re ▁Dar w is : ▁Commun ication ▁Ex pert ▁( Ind ones ia ), ▁served ▁as ▁Chair ▁of ▁the ▁Indones ian ▁Broad cast ing ▁Commission ▁for ▁the ▁period ▁ 2 0 1 6 - 2 0 1 9 . ▁ ▁Ah mad ▁Bad ri ▁Moh d ▁Z ah ir : ▁ ▁Secretary - General ▁of ▁the ▁Tre asury ▁of ▁Malaysia , ▁Chairman ▁of ▁the ▁In land ▁Rev enue ▁Board ▁of ▁Malaysia ▁( L HD N ), ▁Ret irement ▁Fund
▁( In cor por ated ) ▁( K W AP ) ▁and ▁the ▁Public ▁S ector ▁Home ▁Fin ancing ▁Board ▁( LP PS A ). ▁ ▁Az imi ▁D aim : ▁Polit ician , ▁member ▁of ▁Malays ian ▁United ▁Ind igenous ▁Party ▁( B ERS AT U ) ▁▁ ▁A q il ah ▁Z ain udd in : ▁Tal ented ▁S inger ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Te chn ical ▁universities ▁and ▁colleges ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁Category : Univers ities ▁and ▁colleges ▁in ▁Sel ang or ▁Category : Public ▁universities ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁Category : E duc ational ▁institutions ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 6 ▁▁ ▁Category : Sh ah ▁Al am ▁Category : Engine ering ▁universities ▁and ▁colleges ▁in ▁Malaysia ▁Category : 1 9 5 6 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁British ▁Mal aya <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁M V ▁K rait ▁is ▁a ▁wooden - h ull ed ▁vessel ▁famous ▁for ▁its ▁use ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁by ▁the ▁Z ▁Special ▁Unit ▁( Z ▁Force ) ▁of ▁Australia ▁during ▁the ▁raid ▁against ▁Japanese ▁ships ▁anch ored ▁in ▁Singapore ▁Har bour . ▁The ▁raid ▁was ▁known ▁as ▁Operation ▁Jay wick . ▁ ▁The ▁M V ▁K rait ▁is ▁on ▁display ▁at ▁the ▁Australian ▁National ▁Mar itime ▁Museum ▁( AN MM ) ▁in ▁Sydney . ▁ ▁History ▁K rait ▁was ▁originally ▁a ▁Japanese ▁fishing ▁vessel ▁based ▁in ▁Singapore ▁named ▁K of uk u ▁Mar u . ▁Following ▁the ▁outbreak ▁of ▁war , ▁the ▁ship ▁was ▁taken ▁over ▁by ▁All ied ▁forces ▁and
▁used ▁to ▁evac uate ▁over ▁ 1 , 1 0 0 ▁people ▁from ▁ships ▁s unk ▁along ▁the ▁east ▁coast ▁of ▁Sum atra . ▁The ▁ship ▁eventually ▁reached ▁Australia ▁via ▁C ey lon ▁and ▁India ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 2 , ▁and ▁was ▁handed ▁over ▁to ▁the ▁Australian ▁military . ▁In ▁Australian ▁service , ▁she ▁was ▁renamed ▁K rait ▁after ▁the ▁small ▁but ▁deadly ▁snake . ▁ ▁In ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 3 , ▁K rait ▁transport ed ▁members ▁of ▁Z ▁Special ▁Unit ▁to ▁Singapore , ▁where ▁they ▁successfully ▁ra ided ▁the ▁city ' s ▁har bour , ▁s inking ▁seven ▁ships . ▁She ▁returned ▁to ▁Australia ▁in ▁October . ▁K rait ▁was ▁used ▁by ▁the ▁Australian ▁military ▁throughout ▁the ▁war , ▁and ▁was ▁present ▁at ▁the ▁surrender ▁of ▁the ▁Japanese ▁forces ▁on ▁Amb on ▁in ▁September ▁ 1 9 4 5 . ▁ ▁K rait ▁was ▁later ▁used ▁as ▁transport ▁for ▁intelligence - gather ing ▁missions ▁to ▁islands ▁in ▁the ▁area , ▁including ▁Bur u , ▁A ru , ▁Cer am , ▁B anda , ▁and ▁S ap ar ua . ▁During ▁this ▁period , ▁she ▁carried ▁several ▁Japanese ▁prisoners , ▁army ▁survey ▁teams , ▁and ▁a ▁naval ▁intelligence ▁officer . ▁ ▁At ▁Amb on , ▁the ▁boat ▁acquired ▁a ▁mon key ▁as ▁a ▁m asc ot . ▁He ▁was ▁named ▁Peter ▁and ▁had ▁lost ▁his ▁tail . ▁Peter ▁remained ▁with ▁the ▁crew ▁until ▁K rait ▁finished ▁her ▁service ▁and ▁was ▁tow ed ▁to ▁Mor ot ai . ▁She ▁was
▁then ▁s ailed ▁to ▁Lab uan , ▁where ▁she ▁was ▁sold ▁and ▁handed ▁over ▁to ▁the ▁British ▁Bor neo ▁Company ▁and ▁where ▁A ble ▁Se aman ▁Robert ▁Harry ▁E as om ▁of ▁Per th ▁kept ▁its ▁ens ign ▁as ▁a ▁sou ven ir . ▁That ▁ens ign ▁is ▁now ▁on ▁display ▁at ▁the ▁Australian ▁War ▁Memorial ▁in ▁Can ber ra . ▁ ▁After ▁its ▁sale , ▁K rait ▁was ▁operated ▁off ▁Bor neo ▁until ▁she ▁was ▁purchased ▁for ▁use ▁as ▁an ▁Australian ▁Royal ▁Vol unte er ▁Coast al ▁Pat rol ▁vessel ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 4 . ▁On ▁An z ac ▁Day ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁K rait ▁was ▁formally ▁dedicated ▁as ▁a ▁war ▁memorial ▁by ▁the ▁governor ▁of ▁N SW . ▁A ▁pl aque ▁was ▁aff ixed ▁to ▁the ▁wheel house ▁and ▁is ▁shown ▁below . ▁She ▁was ▁then ▁acquired ▁by ▁the ▁Australian ▁War ▁Memorial ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁and ▁was ▁l ent ▁to ▁the ▁Australian ▁National ▁Mar itime ▁Museum , ▁where ▁she ▁has ▁been ▁displayed ▁to ▁the ▁public ▁since ▁ 1 9 8 8 . ▁ ▁From ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁plans ▁for ▁restoration ▁had ▁been ▁made , ▁and ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁this ▁work ▁has ▁begun . ▁ ▁Since ▁the ▁success ▁of ▁K rait ▁on ▁Operation ▁Jay wick , ▁Australian ▁Comm ando ▁Unit ▁vessels ▁have ▁tradition ally ▁used ▁the ▁names ▁of ▁ven om ous ▁sn akes . ▁This ▁tradition ▁continues ▁with ▁Red ▁Vi per ▁and ▁Cor al ▁Sn ake
▁as ▁current ▁examples . ▁ ▁Aff ili ations ▁T S ▁K rait , ▁Australian ▁Navy ▁Cad ets ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Australian ▁command os ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Australian ▁Department ▁of ▁Veter an ' s ▁Affairs ▁OP ▁Jay wick ▁website , ▁background ▁and ▁photos ▁Incl udes ▁map ▁of ▁route ▁taken ▁and ▁detail ▁of ▁raid ▁Australian ▁War ▁Memorial ▁Post ▁war ▁service ▁with ▁Vol unte er ▁Coast al ▁Pat rol ▁H N SA ▁Web ▁Page : ▁Comm ando ▁Bo at ▁K rait ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁ ▁K rait ▁– ▁vessel ▁page ▁at ▁the ▁Australian ▁National ▁Mar itime ▁Museum ▁ ▁Category : Mil itary ▁history ▁of ▁Australia ▁during ▁World ▁War ▁II ▁Category : M useum ▁ships ▁in ▁Australia ▁Category : Special ▁forces ▁of ▁Australia ▁Category : Ship s ▁of ▁Australia ▁Category : Austral ian ▁National ▁Mar itime ▁Museum ▁Category : Nav al ▁tr aw lers <0x0A> </s> ▁S zer g ény ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Vas ▁county , ▁Hung ary . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Vas ▁County <0x0A> </s> ▁Sv il aj ▁is ▁a ▁settlement ▁( nas el je ) ▁in ▁the ▁Cro at ian ▁municip ality ▁of ▁O pr is av ci ▁( B rod – Pos av ina ▁County ). ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁census , ▁the ▁settlement ▁has ▁ 2 9 0 ▁inhabitants . ▁Sv il aj ' s ▁importance ▁lies ▁in ▁the ▁planned ▁border ▁check point ▁and ▁a ▁bridge ▁over ▁the ▁nearby ▁S ava ▁River , ▁which ▁will ▁bear ▁the ▁internation
ally ▁important ▁free way ▁Pan - Europe an ▁Cor rid or ▁V c . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Don ji ▁Sv il aj ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁Bro d - Pos av ina ▁County ▁Category : B os nia ▁and ▁Herz eg ov ina – C ro at ia ▁border ▁cross ings <0x0A> </s> ▁John ▁Pow ers ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁Mayor ▁of ▁Sp ok ane , ▁Washington . ▁▁ ▁He ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁mayor ▁to ▁serve ▁under ▁the ▁Strong ▁Mayor ▁form ▁of ▁Government . ▁He ▁beat ▁inc umb ent ▁John ▁Tal b ott ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁and ▁served ▁as ▁mayor ▁until ▁losing ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁may oral ▁primary ▁to ▁journalist ▁Tom ▁Grant ▁and ▁the ▁future ▁mayor ▁Jim ▁West . ▁Pow ers ▁finished ▁third ▁in ▁the ▁race ▁and ▁was ▁unable ▁to ▁continue ▁to ▁the ▁general ▁election , ▁which ▁is ▁a ▁two - person ▁head - to - head ▁challenge ▁( West ▁and ▁Grant ). ▁Though ▁the ▁position ▁of ▁Mayor ▁wasn ' t ▁part isan , ▁Pow ers ▁is ▁considered ▁a ▁strong ▁Democrat . ▁After ▁leaving ▁office ▁Pow ers ▁was ▁involved ▁in ▁promoting ▁K its ap ▁regional ▁development . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Year ▁of ▁birth ▁missing ▁( l iving ▁people ) ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : May ors ▁of ▁Sp ok ane , ▁Washington <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁farmer ▁is ▁a ▁person ▁who ▁eng ages ▁in ▁agriculture . ▁ ▁Far mer ▁or ▁farmers ▁may ▁also ▁refer ▁to
: ▁ ▁Pl aces ▁ ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Far mer , ▁Missouri , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁ ▁Far mer , ▁North ▁Carolina , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁ ▁Far mer , ▁Ohio , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁ ▁Far mer ▁City , ▁Illinois ▁ ▁Far mer ▁City , ▁Kansas , ▁a ▁ghost ▁town ▁ ▁Far mer , ▁South ▁Dakota , ▁a ▁town ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Township , ▁Def iance ▁County , ▁Ohio ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Township , ▁Rice ▁County , ▁Kansas ▁ ▁Farm ers , ▁Indiana , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁ ▁Farm ers , ▁Kentucky , ▁a ▁census - design ated ▁place ▁ ▁Farm ers , ▁Ohio , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁ ▁Farm ers , ▁R ush ▁County , ▁Indiana , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁ ▁Farm ers , ▁Virginia , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁ ▁Farm ers ▁Township , ▁F ult on ▁County , ▁Illinois ▁ ▁El se where ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Gl ac ier , ▁O ates ▁Land , ▁Ant ar ct ica ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Island , ▁Queensland , ▁Australia ▁ ▁People ▁ ▁Far mer ▁( s urn ame ), ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁people ▁bearing ▁the ▁surn ame ▁Far mer ▁ ▁George ▁Bennett ▁( cr ick eter , ▁born ▁ 1 8 2 9 ) ▁( 1 8 2 9 – 1 8 8 6 ), ▁English ▁cr ick eter ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Brook s ▁(
born ▁ 1 9 5 7 ), ▁ring ▁name ▁of ▁Canadian ▁retired ▁m idget ▁professional ▁wrest ler ▁Cl iff ord ▁Fr aser ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Burn s ▁( base ball ) ▁( 1 8 7 6 – ? ), ▁American ▁baseball ▁pitch er ▁ ▁Martin ▁Burn s ▁( 1 8 6 1 – 1 9 3 7 ), ▁professional ▁wrest ler ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Kelly ▁( 1 8 8 9 – 1 9 6 1 ), ▁American ▁college ▁football ▁player ▁( 1 9 1 1 – 1 9 1 4 ) ▁ ▁Lang ford ▁Pe el ▁( 1 8 3 1 – 1 8 6 7 ), ▁English ▁gun man ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁Old ▁West ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Ray ▁( 1 8 8 6 – 1 9 6 3 ), ▁American ▁Major ▁League ▁Base ball ▁pitch er ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁season ▁ ▁Far mer ▁Steel man ▁( 1 8 7 5 – 1 9 4 4 ), ▁American ▁Major ▁League ▁Base ball ▁catch er ▁ ▁Far mer ▁V augh n ▁( 1 8 6 4 – 1 9 1 4 ), ▁American ▁Major ▁League ▁Base ball ▁player ▁ ▁Far mer ▁We aver ▁( 1 8 6 5 – 1 9 4 3 ), ▁American ▁Major ▁League ▁Base ball ▁player ▁ ▁Arts , ▁entertainment , ▁and ▁media ▁ ▁Music ▁ ▁" F arm ers ", ▁a ▁song ▁by ▁LL ▁Cool ▁J ▁from ▁his ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁album ▁G . O . A . T . ▁ ▁The ▁Far
mer ▁( op era ), ▁a ▁ 1 7 8 7 ▁English ▁comic ▁opera ▁ ▁" The ▁Far mer ", ▁the ▁debut ▁single ▁of ▁Th in ▁Liz zy ▁ ▁Other ▁uses ▁in ▁arts , ▁entertainment , ▁and ▁media ▁ ▁The ▁Far mer ▁( film ), ▁a ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁American ▁crime ▁action ▁film ▁ ▁The ▁Far mer , ▁a ▁South ▁Australian ▁publication , ▁issued ▁from ▁ 1 9 3 3 – 1 9 4 7 , ▁see ▁Y or ke ▁Pen insula ▁Country ▁Times ▁ ▁" The ▁Far mer ", ▁a ▁season ▁ 3 ▁episode ▁of ▁the ▁television ▁series ▁Haven ▁ ▁Business es ▁ ▁Far mer ▁( re venue ▁le asing ), ▁pays ▁a ▁lease ▁to ▁a ▁governing ▁power ▁for ▁the ▁right ▁to ▁collect ▁taxes , ▁customs , ▁exc ise , ▁or ▁other ▁duties . ▁A ▁common ▁practice ▁in ▁the ▁past , ▁but ▁not ▁any ▁more ▁ ▁Farm ers ▁Insurance ▁Group , ▁an ▁insurance ▁carrier ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Farm ers ' ▁Mut ual ▁Group , ▁former ▁name ▁of ▁FM G ▁Insurance , ▁a ▁mutual ▁insurance ▁company ▁in ▁New ▁Zealand ▁ ▁Farm ers ▁State ▁Bank ▁( dis ambigu ation ), ▁various ▁banks ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁ ▁Farm ers ▁Tr ading ▁Company , ▁a ▁department ▁store ▁chain ▁in ▁New ▁Zealand ▁ ▁Military ▁ ▁Mik oy an - G ure v ich ▁Mi G - 1 9 ▁( N AT O ▁reporting ▁name : ▁Far mer ), ▁a ▁Soviet ▁fighter ▁aircraft ▁ ▁S hen y ang ▁J - 6 ▁( N
AT O ▁reporting ▁name : ▁Far mer ), ▁the ▁Chinese ▁variant ▁of ▁the ▁Mi G - 1 9 ▁ ▁Political ▁parties ▁ ▁Far mer ▁( party ), ▁a ▁non - ex istent ▁party ▁occasionally ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁ticket ▁by ▁dis gr unt led ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁United ▁Farm ers ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 2 5 ▁and ▁ 1 9 3 0 ▁Canadian ▁federal ▁elections ▁ ▁Farm ers ' ▁Party ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁Other ▁uses ▁ ▁Far mer , ▁the ▁def endant ▁in ▁the ▁land mark ▁US ▁Supreme ▁Court ▁case ▁Poll ock ▁v . ▁Farm ers ' ▁Lo an ▁& ▁Trust ▁Co . ▁ ▁Far mer ▁bar on ets , ▁an ▁ext inct ▁title ▁in ▁the ▁Baron et age ▁of ▁Great ▁Britain ▁ ▁Farm ers ▁Classic , ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁now ▁def unct ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Open ▁tournament ▁from ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁ ▁Russian ▁Gy ro pl anes ▁Gy ros - 1 ▁Far mer , ▁a ▁Russian ▁gy ro plane ▁design ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁FA MA , ▁Hong ▁Kong ▁hip ▁hop ▁group ▁ ▁Farm ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁ ▁Ph arm ing ▁ ▁Category : List s ▁of ▁people ▁by ▁nick name <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Central ▁Director ate ▁for ▁E lector al ▁Services ▁() ▁is ▁the ▁national ▁election ▁commission ▁in ▁Italy . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁main ▁body ▁responsible ▁for ▁the ▁management ▁and ▁over see ing ▁elections ▁in ▁Italy . ▁However ▁the ▁Municipal ▁E lector al ▁Off ices ▁of ▁an ▁area
▁decide ▁whether ▁persons ▁are ▁allowed ▁to ▁vote ▁( and ▁other ▁matters ), ▁whereas ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Interior ▁comp iles ▁the ▁election ▁information ▁electron ically , ▁analys es ▁the ▁results ▁of ▁elections , ▁refer enda , ▁and ▁has ▁the ▁duty ▁of ▁officially ▁announ cing ▁their ▁results . ▁ ▁Res pons ibilities ▁ ▁The ▁Central ▁Director ate ▁has ▁the ▁responsibility ▁over : ▁ ▁equipment ▁and ▁materials ▁ ▁Super v ise ▁and ▁over see ▁the ▁independence ▁of ▁poll ing ▁conducted ▁by ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Interior . ▁ ▁Category : E lections ▁in ▁Italy ▁Category : E lection ▁comm issions <0x0A> </s> ▁Getting ▁Things ▁D one ▁( ab bre vi ated ▁to ▁GT D ) ▁is ▁a ▁time ▁management ▁method , ▁described ▁in ▁the ▁book ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁title ▁by ▁productivity ▁consultant ▁David ▁Allen . ▁▁ ▁The ▁GT D ▁method ▁rest s ▁on ▁the ▁idea ▁of ▁moving ▁planned ▁tasks ▁and ▁projects ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁mind ▁by ▁recording ▁them ▁extern ally ▁and ▁then ▁breaking ▁them ▁into ▁action able ▁work ▁items . ▁ ▁This ▁allows ▁attention ▁to ▁be ▁focused ▁on ▁taking ▁action ▁on ▁tasks , ▁instead ▁of ▁ ▁recall ing ▁them . ▁ ▁First ▁published ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁a ▁rev ised ▁edition ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁to ▁reflect ▁the ▁changes ▁in ▁information ▁technology ▁during ▁the ▁preced ing ▁decade . ▁ ▁The mes ▁ ▁Allen ▁first ▁demonstr ates ▁stress ▁reduction ▁from ▁the ▁method ▁with ▁the ▁following ▁exercise , ▁centered ▁on ▁a ▁task ▁that ▁has ▁an ▁un clear ▁outcome ▁or
▁whose ▁next ▁action ▁is ▁not ▁defined . ▁Allen ▁calls ▁these ▁sources ▁of ▁stress ▁" open ▁loops ", ▁" in com ple tes ", ▁or ▁" st uff ". ▁ ▁The ▁most ▁annoying , ▁distract ing , ▁or ▁interesting ▁task ▁is ▁chosen , ▁and ▁defined ▁as ▁an ▁" in complete ". ▁ ▁A ▁description ▁of ▁the ▁successful ▁outcome ▁of ▁the ▁" in complete " ▁is ▁written ▁down ▁in ▁one ▁sentence , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁criteria ▁by ▁which ▁the ▁task ▁will ▁be ▁considered ▁completed . ▁ ▁The ▁next ▁step ▁required ▁to ▁approach ▁completion ▁of ▁the ▁task ▁is ▁written ▁down . ▁ ▁A ▁self - ass essment ▁is ▁made ▁of ▁the ▁emotions ▁experienced ▁after ▁completing ▁the ▁steps ▁of ▁this ▁process . ▁He ▁claims ▁stress ▁can ▁be ▁reduced ▁and ▁productivity ▁increased ▁by ▁putting ▁remind ers ▁about ▁everything ▁you ▁are ▁not ▁working ▁on ▁into ▁a ▁trusted ▁system ▁external ▁to ▁your ▁mind . ▁In ▁this ▁way , ▁you ▁can ▁work ▁on ▁the ▁task ▁at ▁hand ▁without ▁dist raction ▁from ▁the ▁" in com ple tes ". ▁The ▁system ▁in ▁GT D ▁requires ▁you ▁to ▁have ▁the ▁following ▁tools ▁within ▁easy ▁reach : ▁▁▁ ▁An ▁in box ▁ ▁A ▁trash ▁can ▁ ▁A ▁filing ▁system ▁for ▁reference ▁material ▁ ▁Several ▁lists ▁( det ailed ▁below ) ▁ ▁A ▁calendar . ▁▁ ▁These ▁tools ▁can ▁be ▁physical ▁or ▁electronic ▁as ▁appropriate ▁( e . g ., ▁a ▁physical ▁" in " ▁tray ▁or ▁an ▁email ▁in box ). ▁Then , ▁as ▁" st uff " ▁enters ▁your ▁life , ▁it ▁is
▁captured ▁in ▁these ▁tools ▁and ▁processed ▁with ▁the ▁following ▁work flow . ▁ ▁Work flow ▁▁ ▁The ▁GT D ▁work flow ▁consists ▁of ▁five ▁stages : ▁capture , ▁clar ify , ▁organize , ▁reflect , ▁and ▁engage . ▁( The ▁first ▁edition ▁used ▁the ▁names ▁collect , ▁process , ▁organize , ▁plan , ▁and ▁do ; ▁the ▁descriptions ▁of ▁the ▁stages ▁are ▁similar ▁in ▁both ▁ed itions ). ▁Once ▁all ▁the ▁material ▁(" st uff ") ▁is ▁captured ▁( or ▁collected ) ▁in ▁the ▁in box , ▁each ▁item ▁is ▁clar ified ▁and ▁organized ▁by ▁asking ▁and ▁answering ▁questions ▁about ▁each ▁item ▁in ▁turn ▁as ▁shown ▁in ▁the ▁black ▁boxes ▁in ▁the ▁logic ▁tree ▁diagram . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁items ▁end ▁up ▁in ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁eight ▁o val ▁end ▁points ▁in ▁the ▁diagram : ▁ ▁in ▁the ▁trash ▁ ▁on ▁the ▁som ed ay / maybe ▁list ▁ ▁in ▁a ▁neat ▁reference ▁filing ▁system ▁ ▁on ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁tasks , ▁with ▁the ▁outcome ▁and ▁next ▁action ▁defined ▁if ▁the ▁" in complete " ▁is ▁a ▁" project " ▁( i . e ., ▁if ▁it ▁will ▁require ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁steps ▁to ▁complete ▁it ) ▁ ▁immediately ▁completed ▁and ▁checked ▁off ▁if ▁it ▁can ▁be ▁completed ▁in ▁under ▁two ▁minutes ▁ ▁deleg ated ▁to ▁someone ▁else ▁and , ▁if ▁you ▁want ▁a ▁reminder ▁to ▁follow ▁up , ▁added ▁to ▁a ▁" wait ing ▁for ..." ▁list ▁ ▁on ▁a ▁context - based ▁" next ▁action " ▁list ▁if ▁there ▁is
▁only ▁one ▁step ▁to ▁complete ▁it ▁ ▁on ▁your ▁calendar ▁Em pty ▁your ▁in box ▁or ▁in boxes ▁daily ▁or ▁at ▁least ▁weekly ▁(" in " ▁to ▁empty ). ▁Don ' t ▁use ▁your ▁in box ▁as ▁a ▁" to ▁do " ▁list . ▁Don ' t ▁put ▁clar ified ▁items ▁back ▁into ▁the ▁in box . ▁Em pty ing ▁your ▁in box ▁doesn ' t ▁mean ▁finishing ▁everything . ▁It ▁just ▁means ▁applying ▁the ▁" capture , ▁clar ify , ▁organize " ▁steps ▁to ▁all ▁your ▁" st uff ". ▁ ▁Next , ▁reflection ▁( ter med ▁planning ▁in ▁the ▁first ▁edition ) ▁occurs . ▁Multi - step ▁projects ▁identified ▁above ▁are ▁assigned ▁a ▁desired ▁outcome ▁and ▁a ▁single ▁" next ▁action ". ▁Finally , ▁a ▁task ▁from ▁your ▁task ▁list ▁is ▁worked ▁on ▁(" eng age " ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Ed , ▁" do " ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Ed ) ▁unless ▁the ▁calendar ▁dict ates ▁otherwise . ▁You ▁select ▁which ▁task ▁to ▁work ▁on ▁next ▁by ▁considering ▁where ▁you ▁are ▁( i . e ., ▁the ▁" context ", ▁such ▁as ▁at ▁home , ▁at ▁work , ▁out ▁shopping , ▁by ▁the ▁phone , ▁at ▁your ▁computer , ▁with ▁a ▁particular ▁person ), ▁time ▁available , ▁energy ▁available , ▁and ▁priority . ▁ ▁Implement ation ▁ ▁Because ▁hardware ▁and ▁software ▁is ▁changing ▁so ▁rapidly , ▁GT D ▁is ▁deliberately ▁techn ologically - neut ral . ▁( In ▁fact , ▁Allen ▁adv ises ▁people ▁to ▁start ▁with ▁a
▁paper - based ▁system .) ▁Many ▁task ▁management ▁tools ▁claim ▁to ▁implement ▁GT D ▁method ology ▁and ▁Allen ▁maint ains ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁some ▁technology ▁that ▁has ▁been ▁adopted ▁in ▁or ▁designed ▁for ▁GT D . ▁Some ▁are ▁designated ▁" GT D ▁En abled ", ▁meaning ▁Allen ▁was ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁design . ▁ ▁Pers pective ▁ ▁Allen ▁emphas izes ▁two ▁key ▁elements ▁of ▁GT D ▁— ▁control ▁and ▁perspective . ▁The ▁work flow ▁is ▁the ▁center ▁of ▁the ▁control ▁aspect . ▁The ▁goal ▁of ▁the ▁control ▁processes ▁in ▁GT D ▁is ▁to ▁get ▁everything ▁except ▁the ▁current ▁task ▁out ▁of ▁your ▁head ▁and ▁into ▁this ▁trusted ▁system ▁external ▁to ▁your ▁mind . ▁He ▁bor rows ▁a ▁sim ile ▁used ▁in ▁mart ial ▁arts ▁term ed ▁" mind ▁like ▁water ". ▁When ▁a ▁small ▁object ▁is ▁thrown ▁into ▁a ▁pool ▁of ▁water , ▁the ▁water ▁respon ds ▁appropri ately ▁with ▁a ▁small ▁spl ash ▁followed ▁by ▁qu ies c ence . ▁When ▁a ▁large ▁object ▁is ▁thrown ▁in ▁the ▁water ▁again ▁respon ds ▁appropri ately ▁with ▁a ▁large ▁spl ash ▁followed ▁by ▁qu ies c ence . ▁The ▁opposite ▁of ▁" mind ▁like ▁water " ▁is ▁a ▁mind ▁that ▁never ▁returns ▁to ▁qu ies c ence ▁but ▁remains ▁continually ▁stressed ▁by ▁every ▁input . ▁With ▁a ▁trusted ▁system ▁and ▁" mind ▁like ▁water " ▁you ▁can ▁have ▁a ▁better ▁perspective ▁on ▁your ▁life . ▁Allen ▁recomm ends ▁reflection ▁from ▁six ▁levels , ▁called ▁" Hor iz ons ▁of ▁Focus ": ▁ ▁Hor izon
▁ 5 : ▁Life ▁ ▁Hor izon ▁ 4 : ▁Long - term ▁vis ions ▁ ▁Hor izon ▁ 3 : ▁ 1 - 2 ▁year ▁goals ▁ ▁Hor izon ▁ 2 : ▁Are as ▁of ▁focus ▁and ▁account ability ▁ ▁Hor izon ▁ 1 : ▁Current ▁projects ▁ ▁Ground : ▁Current ▁actions ▁ ▁Unlike ▁some ▁theories , ▁which ▁focus ▁on ▁top - down ▁goal - setting , ▁GT D ▁works ▁in ▁the ▁opposite ▁direction . ▁Allen ▁arg ues ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁often ▁difficult ▁for ▁individuals ▁to ▁focus ▁on ▁big ▁picture ▁goals ▁if ▁they ▁cannot ▁sufficiently ▁control ▁the ▁day - to - day ▁tasks ▁that ▁they ▁frequently ▁must ▁face . ▁By ▁developing ▁and ▁using ▁the ▁trusted ▁system ▁that ▁deals ▁with ▁day - to - day ▁inputs , ▁an ▁individual ▁can ▁free ▁up ▁mental ▁space ▁to ▁begin ▁moving ▁up ▁to ▁the ▁next ▁level . ▁ ▁Allen ▁recomm ends ▁schedul ing ▁a ▁weekly ▁review , ▁reflect ing ▁on ▁the ▁different ▁levels . ▁The ▁perspective ▁gained ▁from ▁these ▁reviews ▁should ▁drive ▁one ' s ▁priorities ▁at ▁the ▁project ▁level . ▁Prior ities ▁at ▁the ▁project ▁level ▁in ▁turn ▁determine ▁the ▁priority ▁of ▁the ▁individual ▁tasks ▁and ▁commit ments ▁gathered ▁during ▁the ▁work flow ▁process . ▁During ▁a ▁weekly ▁review , ▁determine ▁the ▁context ▁for ▁the ▁tasks ▁and ▁put ▁each ▁task ▁on ▁its ▁appropriate ▁list . ▁An ▁example ▁of ▁group ing ▁together ▁similar ▁tasks ▁would ▁be ▁making ▁a ▁list ▁of ▁outstanding ▁telephone ▁calls , ▁or ▁the ▁tasks / err ands ▁to ▁perform ▁while ▁out ▁shopping . ▁Context
▁lists ▁can ▁be ▁defined ▁by ▁the ▁set ▁of ▁tools ▁available ▁or ▁by ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁individuals ▁or ▁groups ▁for ▁whom ▁one ▁has ▁items ▁to ▁discuss ▁or ▁present . ▁ ▁Summary ▁ ▁GT D ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁st oring , ▁tracking , ▁and ▁retriev ing ▁the ▁information ▁related ▁to ▁the ▁things ▁that ▁need ▁to ▁get ▁done . ▁M ental ▁blocks ▁we ▁encounter ▁are ▁caused ▁by ▁ins ufficient ▁' front - end ' ▁planning . ▁This ▁means ▁thinking ▁in ▁advance , ▁generating ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁actions ▁which ▁can ▁later ▁be ▁undert aken ▁without ▁further ▁planning . ▁The ▁mind ' s ▁" rem inder ▁system " ▁is ▁in efficient ▁and ▁sel dom ▁reminds ▁us ▁of ▁what ▁we ▁need ▁to ▁do ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁and ▁place ▁when ▁we ▁can ▁do ▁it . ▁Con sequently , ▁the ▁" next ▁actions " ▁stored ▁by ▁context ▁in ▁the ▁" tr usted ▁system " ▁act ▁as ▁an ▁external ▁support ▁which ▁ensures ▁that ▁we ▁are ▁presented ▁with ▁the ▁right ▁remind ers ▁at ▁the ▁right ▁time . ▁As ▁GT D ▁rel ies ▁on ▁external ▁remind ers , ▁it ▁can ▁be ▁seen ▁as ▁an ▁application ▁of ▁the ▁theories ▁of ▁distributed ▁cogn ition ▁or ▁the ▁extended ▁mind . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁W ired ▁called ▁GT D ▁" A ▁new ▁cult ▁for ▁the ▁info ▁age ", ▁describing ▁the ▁enthusiasm ▁for ▁this ▁method ▁among ▁information ▁technology ▁and ▁knowledge ▁workers ▁as ▁a ▁kind ▁of ▁cult ▁following . ▁Allen ' s ▁ideas ▁have ▁also ▁been ▁popular ized ▁through ▁the ▁Howard ▁S
tern ▁Show ▁( S tern ▁refer enced ▁it ▁daily ▁throughout ▁ 2 0 1 2 ' s ▁summer ) ▁and ▁the ▁Internet , ▁especially ▁via ▁blogs ▁such ▁as ▁ 4 3 ▁F old ers , ▁Life h acker , ▁and ▁The ▁Simple ▁D ollar . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁Ben ▁Ham mers ley ▁interviewed ▁David ▁Allen ▁for ▁The ▁Guard ian ▁article ▁titled ▁" Me et ▁the ▁man ▁who ▁can ▁bring ▁order ▁to ▁your ▁universe ", ▁saying : ▁" For ▁me , ▁as ▁with ▁the ▁hundreds ▁of ▁thousands ▁around ▁the ▁world ▁who ▁press ▁the ▁book ▁into ▁their ▁friends ' ▁hands ▁with ▁fire ▁in ▁their ▁eyes , ▁Allen ' s ▁ideas ▁are ▁nothing ▁short ▁of ▁life - changing ". ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁Time ▁Magazine ▁called ▁Getting ▁Things ▁D one ▁the ▁self - help ▁business ▁book ▁of ▁its ▁time . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁W ired ▁ran ▁another ▁article ▁about ▁GT D ▁and ▁Allen , ▁qu oting ▁him ▁as ▁saying ▁" the ▁work ings ▁of ▁an ▁automatic ▁transmission ▁are ▁more ▁complicated ▁than ▁a ▁manual ▁transmission ... ▁to ▁simpl ify ▁a ▁complex ▁event , ▁you ▁need ▁a ▁complex ▁system ". ▁ ▁A ▁paper ▁in ▁the ▁journal ▁Long ▁Range ▁Planning ▁by ▁Francis ▁He yl ig hen ▁and ▁Cl ément ▁V idal ▁of ▁the ▁Free ▁University ▁of ▁Br uss els ▁showed ▁" re cent ▁insights ▁in ▁psychology ▁and ▁cognitive ▁science ▁support ▁and ▁extend ▁GT D ' s ▁recommendations ". ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Human ▁mult it
ask ing ▁ ▁Life ▁hack ▁ ▁Pom od oro ▁Techn ique ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Official ▁site ▁ ▁Category : Management ▁books ▁Category : Self - help ▁books ▁Category : Person al ▁development ▁Category : Time ▁management ▁Category : 2 0 0 1 ▁non - f iction ▁books ▁Category : P engu in ▁Books ▁books <0x0A> </s> ▁Char id ot ella ▁e greg ia ▁is ▁a ▁species ▁of ▁leaf ▁be et le ▁described ▁by ▁Carl ▁Hen rik ▁Bo he man ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 5 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Be et les ▁described ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 5 ▁Category : C ass id ina e <0x0A> </s> ▁Ol av ▁S ø y land ▁( 2 6 ▁July ▁ 1 9 2 1 ▁– ▁ 9 ▁April ▁ 2 0 0 1 ) ▁was ▁a ▁Norweg ian ▁politician ▁for ▁the ▁Christian ▁Democratic ▁Party . ▁ ▁He ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁deputy ▁representative ▁to ▁the ▁Parliament ▁of ▁Norway ▁from ▁Tele mark ▁during ▁the ▁terms ▁ 1 9 6 5 – 1 9 6 9 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 9 – 1 9 7 3 . ▁In ▁total ▁he ▁met ▁during ▁ 7 3 ▁days ▁of ▁parliament ary ▁session . ▁He ▁h ailed ▁from ▁P ors gr unn . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 1 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 1 ▁deaths ▁Category : Dep uty ▁members ▁of ▁the ▁St ort ing ▁Category : Christ ian ▁Democratic ▁Party
▁( N or way ) ▁politicians ▁Category : Pol it icians ▁from ▁Tele mark ▁Category : Pol it icians ▁from ▁P ors gr unn <0x0A> </s> ▁IO F ▁. 3 2 ▁Rev olver ▁( also ▁known ▁as ▁IO F ▁ 3 2 ▁Rev olver ) ▁is ▁a ▁ 6 - shot ▁hand gun ▁designed ▁and ▁manufactured ▁by ▁the ▁Or dn ance ▁F act ories ▁Organization ▁in ▁India ▁and ▁is ▁meant ▁for ▁short ▁range . ▁▁ ▁It ' s ▁a ▁' Break ▁Action ' ▁self - extract ing ▁revol ver ▁and ▁uses ▁the ▁. 3 2 ▁Smith ▁& ▁W ess on ▁Long ▁( 7 . 6 5 mm ▁x ▁ 2 3 mm ) ▁car tr idge . ▁It ▁is ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁We ble y ▁M k ▁IV ▁. 3 8 ▁S & W ▁revol ver , ▁specifically ▁the ▁Singapore ▁Police ▁Force ▁version ▁with ▁a ▁safety ▁catch . ▁The ▁smaller ▁cal iber ▁was ▁chosen ▁so ▁that ▁it ▁would ▁be ▁legal ▁for ▁civilian ▁ownership ▁under ▁Indian ▁law . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁pr iced ▁at ▁Rs . 7 9 , 2 6 3 ▁( ex - K an pur ) ▁due ▁to ▁a ▁lack ▁of ▁competition ▁from ▁private ▁manufacturers . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁N ir b he ek ▁We ble y ▁Rev olver ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Indian ▁ 3 2 - cal iber ▁I OR - M k 1 ▁revol ver ▁ ▁Category : Rev ol vers ▁of ▁India ▁Category : . 3 2 ▁S & W ▁Long ▁fire arms
▁Category : Break - action ▁fire arms <0x0A> </s> ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁is ▁a ▁title ▁in ▁the ▁Pe er age ▁of ▁Scotland . ▁Its ▁descent ▁is ▁subject ▁to ▁unusual ▁( and ▁unique ) ▁provisions . ▁ ▁History ▁The ▁title ▁was ▁created ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁August ▁ 1 6 4 6 ▁for ▁Lord ▁William ▁Douglas , ▁third ▁son ▁of ▁William ▁Douglas , ▁ 1 st ▁Mar qu ess ▁of ▁Douglas , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁title ▁Lord ▁Da er ▁and ▁Short cle uch . ▁On ▁ 2 9 ▁April ▁ 1 6 5 6 , ▁the ▁first ▁Earl ▁married ▁Anne ▁Hamilton , ▁ 3 rd ▁Du che ss ▁of ▁Hamilton . ▁In ▁ 1 6 6 0 , ▁after ▁the ▁birth ▁of ▁two ▁sons , ▁he ▁changed ▁his ▁surn ame ▁from ▁Douglas ▁to ▁" H amil ton ", ▁and ▁was ▁created ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁for ▁life , ▁as ▁was ▁then ▁a ▁not ▁un common ▁practice ▁in ▁Scotland ▁when ▁a ▁peer ess ▁in ▁her ▁own ▁right ▁married ▁someone ▁of ▁lesser ▁degree . ▁ ▁On ▁ 6 ▁October ▁ 1 6 8 8 , ▁during ▁the ▁reign ▁of ▁James ▁VII , ▁the ▁new ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁sur rend ered ▁his ▁previous ▁titles ▁to ▁the ▁Crown ▁( except ▁Hamilton ). ▁They ▁were ▁recon ferred ▁on ▁his ▁third ▁( but ▁second ▁surviving ) ▁son ▁Charles ▁Douglas , ▁ 2 nd ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk , ▁who ▁thereby ▁became ▁ 2 nd ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk , ▁and ▁who ▁also ▁re verted ▁to ▁his ▁original
▁surn ame ▁of ▁" D ou glas ". ▁Thus , ▁while ▁the ▁el dest ▁son ▁was ▁to ▁inherit ▁the ▁title ▁of ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁and ▁have ▁his ▁mother ' s ▁maid en ▁name ▁for ▁surn ame , ▁the ▁younger ▁son ▁was ▁to ▁inherit ▁his ▁father ' s ▁dign ities ▁and ▁perpet uate ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁Douglas . ▁ ▁This ▁nov od am us ▁for ▁this ▁arrangement ▁embod ied ▁a ▁unique ▁remainder , ▁the ▁effect ▁of ▁which ▁was ▁that : ▁ ▁the ▁titles ▁would ▁pass ▁to ▁the ▁he irs ▁male ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Earl ' s ▁younger ▁sons ▁before ▁the ▁he irs ▁male ▁of ▁his ▁el dest ▁son ▁( who ▁was ▁he ir ▁apparent ▁to ▁his ▁mother ' s ▁D uk ed om ▁of ▁Hamilton ); ▁ ▁if ▁the ▁person ▁who ▁would ▁otherwise ▁inherit ▁the ▁title ▁was ▁already ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁( or ▁would ▁inherit ▁that ▁D uk ed om ▁at ▁the ▁same ▁time ), ▁the ▁titles ▁would ▁pass ▁instead ▁to ▁that ▁Duke ' s ▁next ▁surviving ▁brother ; ▁ ▁if ▁the ▁titles ▁were ▁ever ▁held ▁by ▁a ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁( e ither ▁because ▁an ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁succeeded ▁as ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton , ▁or ▁because ▁provision ▁ 2 ▁was ▁unable ▁to ▁operate ▁because ▁the ▁he ir ▁was ▁a ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁who ▁had ▁no ▁surviving ▁younger ▁brothers ), ▁the ▁titles ▁would ▁pass ▁on ▁that ▁Duke ' s ▁death ▁to ▁his ▁second ▁surviving ▁son ; ▁ ▁if ▁the ▁titles ▁had ▁passed ▁to ▁a ▁younger ▁brother ▁or ▁younger ▁son ▁under
▁provisions ▁ 2 ▁or ▁ 3 , ▁they ▁would ▁then ▁pass ▁to ▁his ▁he irs ▁male ▁on ▁his ▁death ; ▁but ▁ ▁if ▁such ▁a ▁younger ▁son ▁or ▁younger ▁brother ' s ▁he irs ▁male ▁died ▁out , ▁the ▁title ▁would ▁not ▁pass ▁to ▁his ▁own ▁younger ▁brothers ▁and ▁their ▁he irs ▁male , ▁but ▁would ▁instead ▁re vert ▁to ▁the ▁senior ▁male ▁line , ▁with ▁provisions ▁ 2 ▁and ▁ 3 ▁operating ▁as ▁before . ▁ ▁This ▁remainder ▁is ▁so ▁unusual ▁that ▁a ▁Scottish ▁country ▁dance — H amil ton ▁House — was ▁created ▁around ▁it . ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 nd ▁Earl ▁died ▁child less ▁in ▁ 1 7 3 9 , ▁and ▁his ▁younger ▁brother , ▁John ▁Hamilton , ▁ 1 st ▁Earl ▁of ▁Rug len ▁( who ▁had ▁been ▁so ▁created ▁on ▁ 1 4 ▁April ▁ 1 6 9 7 ), ▁succeeded ▁as ▁ 3 rd ▁Earl . ▁He ▁out l ived ▁his ▁son ▁and ▁he ir , ▁and ▁when ▁he ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 4 ▁the ▁E ar ld om ▁of ▁Rug len ▁and ▁its ▁subs idi ary ▁titles ▁passed ▁to ▁his ▁daughter ▁Anne ▁Douglas , ▁Count ess ▁of ▁March , ▁and ▁on ▁her ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 7 4 8 ▁to ▁William ▁Douglas , ▁ 3 rd ▁Earl ▁of ▁March ▁( l ater ▁ 4 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Queens berry ). ▁ ▁The ▁E ar ld om ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁and ▁its ▁subs idi ary ▁title , ▁being ▁limited ▁to ▁male ▁he irs
, ▁passed ▁to ▁Dun bar ▁Hamilton , ▁grand son ▁of ▁Lord ▁Bas il ▁Hamilton , ▁sixth ▁son ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Earl . ▁Upon ▁succeed ing ▁as ▁ 4 th ▁Earl , ▁he , ▁like ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁Earl , ▁changed ▁his ▁surn ame ▁to ▁" D ou glas ". ▁On ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 7 9 9 , ▁he ▁was ▁succeeded ▁by ▁his ▁only ▁surviving ▁son , ▁Thomas ▁Douglas , ▁Lord ▁Da er , ▁as ▁ 5 th ▁Earl , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁then ▁succeeded ▁on ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 8 2 0 ▁by ▁his ▁only ▁son , ▁Dun bar ▁Douglas , ▁Lord ▁Da er , ▁as ▁ 6 th ▁Earl . ▁ ▁On ▁his ▁death ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 5 , ▁the ▁he irs ▁male ▁of ▁the ▁younger ▁sons ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Earl ▁exp ired . ▁The ▁he ir ▁male ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 st ▁Earl ' s ▁el dest ▁son ▁was ▁William ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁ 1 2 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton , ▁but ▁under ▁the ▁special ▁remainder ▁( pro vision ▁ 2 ▁above ) ▁the ▁titles ▁passed ▁instead ▁to ▁his ▁younger ▁brother , ▁Lord ▁Charles ▁Hamilton , ▁who ▁succeeded ▁as ▁ 7 th ▁Earl . ▁When ▁he ▁died ▁un mar ried ▁in ▁ 1 8 8 6 , ▁the ▁titles ▁re verted ▁to ▁his ▁elder ▁brother , ▁who ▁had ▁no ▁further ▁brothers ▁to ▁whom ▁they ▁could ▁pass , ▁and ▁who ▁accordingly ▁succeeded ▁as ▁ 8 th ▁Earl . ▁When
▁he ▁died ▁without ▁a ▁son ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 5 , ▁the ▁D uk ed om ▁passed ▁to ▁his ▁fourth ▁cousin , ▁Alfred ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁who ▁succeeded ▁as ▁ 1 3 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton . ▁As ▁he ▁also ▁had ▁no ▁brothers , ▁he ▁also ▁succeeded ▁as ▁ 9 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk . ▁ ▁When ▁he ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 0 , ▁his ▁el dest ▁son , ▁Douglas ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁Mar qu ess ▁of ▁Douglas ▁and ▁C ly des dale , ▁inherited ▁the ▁D uk ed om ▁as ▁ 1 4 th ▁Duke , ▁but ▁the ▁E ar ld om ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁and ▁its ▁subs idi ary ▁title ▁passed ▁under ▁the ▁special ▁remainder ▁( pro vision ▁ 3 ▁above ) ▁to ▁his ▁second ▁son , ▁Lord ▁George ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁who ▁succeeded ▁as ▁ 1 0 th ▁Earl . ▁ ▁Upon ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Earl ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁married ▁but ▁child less , ▁the ▁titles ▁passed ▁( under ▁provision ▁ 5 ▁above ) ▁to ▁his ▁nep hew , ▁Lord ▁James ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁second ▁son ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁and ▁next ▁brother ▁of ▁Ang us ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁ 1 5 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton , ▁who ▁succeeded ▁as ▁ 1 1 th ▁Earl . ▁This ▁success ion ▁was ▁un success fully ▁challenged ▁in
▁the ▁Court ▁of ▁the ▁Lord ▁Ly on ▁by ▁Al as d air ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁son ▁of ▁Lord ▁Mal colm ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁next ▁brother ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Earl . ▁Lord ▁Mal colm ▁had ▁died ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 9 ▁as ▁he ir ▁presum pt ive ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Earl ▁and ▁his ▁son ▁was ▁listed ▁there after ▁in ▁that ▁position ▁by ▁reference ▁works ▁such ▁as ▁Whit aker ' s ▁Al man ack ▁( page ▁ 1 5 5 ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁edition ) ▁and ▁Deb rett ' s ▁Pe er age ▁( page ▁P 1 1 4 1 ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁edition , ▁which ▁went ▁to ▁press ▁before ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁Earl ' s ▁death ) ▁but ▁it ▁was ▁the ▁ruling ▁of ▁the ▁court ▁that ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁Duke ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁had ▁placed ▁the ▁younger ▁sons ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁Duke ▁ahead ▁of ▁the ▁younger ▁sons ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 3 th ▁Duke ▁and ▁their ▁issue ▁in ▁line ▁to ▁the ▁ear ld om . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 1 th ▁Earl ▁was , ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁his ▁success ion , ▁the ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁for ▁Edinburgh ▁West , ▁and ▁he ▁dis claimed ▁the ▁titles ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁remain ▁in ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁Commons . ▁He ▁was ▁later ▁elev ated ▁to ▁the ▁House ▁of ▁L ords ▁with ▁a ▁life ▁peer
age ▁as ▁Baron ▁Sel k irk ▁of ▁Douglas , ▁and ▁served ▁as ▁a ▁Member ▁of ▁the ▁Scottish ▁Parliament . ▁His ▁he ir ▁( under ▁provision ▁ 4 ▁above ) ▁is ▁John ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁Lord ▁Da er , ▁Master ▁of ▁Sel k irk . ▁ ▁Earl s ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 6 4 6 ) ▁ ▁William ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁ 1 st ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk , ▁j ure ▁u x or is ▁ 3 rd ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁( 1 6 3 4 – 1 6 9 4 ) ▁ ▁Charles ▁Douglas , ▁ 2 nd ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 6 6 3 – 1 7 3 9 ) ▁( you ng er ▁brother ▁of ▁ 4 th ▁Duke ) ▁ ▁John ▁Hamilton , ▁ 3 rd ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 6 6 4 – 1 7 4 4 ) ▁( you ng er ▁brother ▁of ▁ 2 nd ▁Earl ) ▁ ▁Dun bar ▁Douglas , ▁ 4 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 7 2 2 – 1 7 9 9 ) ▁( grand son ▁of ▁younger ▁brother ▁of ▁ 3 rd ▁Earl ) ▁ ▁Thomas ▁Douglas , ▁ 5 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 7 7 1 – 1 8 2 0 ) ▁( son ▁of ▁ 4 th ▁Earl ) ▁ ▁Dun bar ▁James ▁Douglas , ▁ 6 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 8 0
9 – 1 8 8 5 ) ▁( son ▁of ▁ 5 th ▁Earl ) ▁ ▁Charles ▁George ▁Hamilton , ▁ 7 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 8 4 7 – 1 8 8 6 ) ▁( you ng er ▁brother ▁of ▁ 1 2 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ) ▁ ▁William ▁Alexander ▁Louis ▁Stephen ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁ 1 2 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton , ▁ 8 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 8 4 5 – 1 8 9 5 ) ▁( older ▁brother ▁of ▁ 7 th ▁Earl ) ▁ ▁Alfred ▁Douglas ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁ 1 3 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton , ▁ 9 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 8 6 2 – 1 9 4 0 ) ▁( 4 th ▁cousin ▁of ▁ 1 2 th ▁Duke ) ▁ ▁George ▁N ig el ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁ 1 0 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( 1 9 0 6 – 1 9 9 4 ) ▁( you ng er ▁brother ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ) ▁ ▁James ▁Alexander ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁ 1 1 th ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 4 2 ) ▁( you ng er ▁brother ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ; ▁dis claimed ▁ 1 9 9 4 ) ▁ ▁The ▁he ir ▁apparent ▁is ▁the ▁present ▁holder '
s ▁son ▁John ▁Andrew ▁Douglas - H amil ton , ▁Lord ▁Da er ▁( b . ▁ 1 9 7 8 ). ▁Everyone ▁listed ▁in ▁the ▁line ▁of ▁success ion ▁in ▁the ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁article ▁is ▁eligible ▁to ▁succeed ▁to ▁the ▁E ar ld om , ▁but ▁in ▁the ▁order ▁dict ated ▁by ▁its ▁special ▁remainder : ▁the ▁sons ▁of ▁Lord ▁Sel k irk ▁of ▁Douglas , ▁starting ▁with ▁Lord ▁Da er , ▁come ▁first ▁( with ▁potential ▁male ▁issue ▁of ▁any ▁of ▁them ▁preced ing ▁younger ▁brothers ▁of ▁that ▁son ), ▁but ▁should ▁Lord ▁Sel k irk ▁of ▁Douglas ▁survive ▁all ▁his ▁male ▁issue , ▁or ▁any ▁future ▁Earl ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁die ▁without ▁a ▁direct ▁he ir , ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁Duke ▁of ▁Hamilton ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁means ▁that ▁the ▁younger ▁son ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 5 th ▁Duke ▁would ▁rank ▁ahead ▁of ▁lines ▁from ▁younger ▁sons ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 4 th ▁Duke ▁and ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁Duke ▁would ▁likewise ▁move ▁his ▁younger ▁sons ▁to ▁the ▁head ▁of ▁the ▁line . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▁ ▁National ▁Library ▁of ▁Scotland ▁- ▁Papers ▁relating ▁to ▁the ▁ 1 0 th ▁and ▁ 1 1 th ▁Earl s ▁of ▁Sel k irk ▁and ▁the ▁Sel k irk ▁peer age , ▁ 1 9 4 5 - 2 0 0 4 ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : E ar ld oms ▁in ▁the ▁Pe er age ▁of ▁Scotland
▁Sel k irk ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 6 4 6 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Scotland ▁▁ ▁Category : Peer ages ▁created ▁with ▁special ▁remain ders <0x0A> </s> ▁T any ard ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁The ▁yard ▁of ▁a ▁t ann ery , ▁see ▁T anning ▁( le ather ) ▁T any ard , ▁Maryland , ▁an ▁un inc or por ated ▁community ▁T any ard ▁Branch ▁( dis ambigu ation ) ▁T any ard ▁Creek ▁( dis ambigu ation ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Le high ▁River ▁G orge ▁is ▁a ▁gorge ▁in ▁the ▁Le high ▁G orge ▁State ▁Park , ▁Lu zer ne ▁& ▁Car bon ▁County , ▁Pennsylvania . ▁ ▁Category : Land forms ▁of ▁Lu zer ne ▁County , ▁Pennsylvania ▁Category : Land forms ▁of ▁Car bon ▁County , ▁Pennsylvania ▁Category : C any ons ▁and ▁g org es ▁of ▁Pennsylvania <0x0A> </s> ▁North ▁Main ▁Street ▁Historic ▁District ▁is ▁a ▁national ▁historic ▁district ▁located ▁at ▁East ▁Ham pton ▁in ▁S uff olk ▁County , ▁New ▁York . ▁The ▁district ▁includes ▁ 2 0 ▁contributing ▁buildings , ▁two ▁contributing ▁structures , ▁and ▁two ▁contributing ▁sites . ▁ ▁It ▁includes ▁ 1 2 ▁residential ▁properties , ▁one ▁church , ▁one ▁c emetery , ▁and ▁one ▁wind mill . ▁ ▁It ▁was ▁added ▁to ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 8 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Hist oric ▁districts ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁New ▁York ▁( state ) ▁Category : E ast
▁Ham pton ▁( v ill age ), ▁New ▁York ▁Category : Hist oric ▁districts ▁in ▁S uff olk ▁County , ▁New ▁York ▁Category : National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁S uff olk ▁County , ▁New ▁York <0x0A> </s> ▁Media ▁for ▁Development ▁International ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁ 5 0 1 ( c ) 3 ▁non - profit ▁company ▁founded ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 9 . ▁M F DI ▁produces ▁and ▁distribut es ▁dramatic ▁African ▁social - message ▁films ▁(" Ed ut ain ment " ▁or ▁" En tered uc ate ") ▁for ▁African ▁audiences ▁on ▁issues ▁such ▁as ▁A IDS , ▁teen age ▁sexual ity , ▁teen age ▁pregnancy , ▁women ' s ▁issues ▁and ▁general ▁health . ▁ ▁Much ▁of ▁M F DI ' s ▁best ▁known ▁work ▁was ▁done ▁in ▁Z imb ab we ▁between ▁the ▁years ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁and ▁ 2 0 0 0 . ▁ ▁Branch ▁offices ▁are ▁in ▁T anz ania ▁and ▁Z imb ab we . ▁ ▁Ch um o ▁Ch um o , ▁M F DI ' s ▁latest ▁film ▁production ▁is ▁a ▁dramatic ▁film ▁made ▁in ▁T anz ania ▁that ▁addresses ▁mal aria ▁and ▁pregnancy ▁through ▁the ▁romantic ▁story ▁of ▁a ▁fishing ▁village .. It ▁stars ▁J ok ate ▁M weg elo , Y us up h ▁M le la , Ah med ▁Ol ot u ▁and ▁Sh aro ▁Mill ion aire ▁▁ ▁" Ch um o " ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Jordan ▁R iber ▁for ▁the ▁C CP -
led ▁Commun ication ▁and ▁Mal aria ▁Init iative ▁in ▁T anz ania ▁( COMM IT ), ▁a ▁USA ID ▁and ▁P MI - fund ed ▁project ▁that ▁is ▁working ▁to ▁promote ▁positive ▁behavior ▁around ▁mal aria ▁control ▁and ▁prevention . ▁ ▁Ch um o ▁wins ▁Z anz ib ar ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁Ch um o ▁director , ▁Jordan ▁R iber , ▁took ▁the ▁Z I FF ▁Award ▁for ▁Best ▁Director ▁and ▁J ok ate ▁M weg elo , ▁who ▁plays ▁A mina ▁in ▁the ▁film , ▁won ▁the ▁award ▁for ▁Best ▁Act ress ▁ ▁Z anz ib ar ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival : ▁Official ▁Selection ▁Ch um o ▁has ▁been ▁selected ▁for ▁the ▁Z anz ib ar ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁( Z I FF ) ▁in ▁Z anz ib ar , ▁T anz ania . ▁The ▁festival ▁will ▁take ▁part ▁from ▁the ▁ 1 8 th ▁- ▁ 2 6 ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁Ch um o ▁wins ▁Grand ▁Prize ▁at ▁the ▁North west ▁Pro jections ▁Film ▁Festival ▁Ch um o ▁has ▁won ▁the ▁grand ▁prize ▁at ▁the ▁North west ▁Pro jections ▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁B elling ham , ▁Washington , ▁taking ▁home ▁the ▁cov eted ▁Golden ▁Ham ster ▁Award . ▁ ▁North west ▁Pro jections ▁Film ▁Festival : ▁Official ▁Selection ▁Jordan ▁R iber ' s ▁film ▁Ch um o ▁( B ride ' s ▁Price ), ▁along ▁with ▁his ▁feature ▁length ▁documentary , ▁M w amba ▁Ng oma , ▁have ▁both ▁been ▁selected ▁at ▁the ▁North west ▁Pro jections
▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁B elling ham , ▁Washington . ▁Ch um o ▁has ▁been ▁accepted ▁under ▁the ▁N arr ative ▁Short s ▁category , ▁while ▁M w amba ▁Ng oma ▁falls ▁under ▁the ▁Feature ▁Films ▁category ▁ ▁Pan ▁African ▁Film ▁Festival : ▁Official ▁Selection ▁Ch um o ▁( B ride ' s ▁Price ) ▁has ▁been ▁selected ▁at ▁the ▁Pan ▁African ▁Film ▁Festival ▁( PA FF ) ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California ▁under ▁the ▁Short ▁N arr ative ▁genre . ▁This ▁will ▁be ▁the ▁official ▁United ▁States ▁premier ▁of ▁Ch um o . ▁The ▁film ▁will ▁be ▁screen ed ▁on ▁Friday , ▁February ▁ 1 8 ▁at ▁ 6 : 3 0 pm ▁and ▁Sunday , ▁February ▁ 2 0 ▁at ▁ 1 2 : 3 0 pm . ▁ 2 0 1 2 ▁Nigeria ▁Entertainment ▁Awards ▁Pan ▁African ▁Act ress ▁of ▁the ▁year ▁( J ok ate ▁M weg elo ) ▁- ▁nominated ▁▁ 9 th ▁Africa ▁Movie ▁Academy ▁Awards ▁Best ▁Short ▁film ▁- ▁nominated ▁ ▁The ▁W ah ap ah apa ▁Serial ▁Dr ama ▁( 2 0 0 7 – 2 0 1 0 ) ▁The ▁W ah ap ah apa ▁serial ▁drama ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 5 6 ▁episode ▁weekly ▁radio ▁soap ▁opera ▁produced ▁by ▁M F DI ▁in ▁association ▁with ▁John s ▁Hop kins ▁University ▁Center ▁for ▁Commun ication ▁Program s , ▁with ▁support ▁from ▁the ▁T anz an ian ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Health ▁and ▁Social ▁W elfare ▁and ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Agency ▁for ▁International ▁Development ▁through ▁the ▁US ▁President
’ s ▁Emer gency ▁Fund ▁for ▁A IDS ▁Rel ief . ▁ ▁The ▁story ▁follows ▁the ▁formation ▁and ▁struggles ▁of ▁a ▁music ▁group ▁from ▁a ▁fict it ious ▁town ▁in ▁the ▁heart ▁of ▁T anz ania , ▁and ▁addresses ▁HIV ▁prevention ▁and ▁treatment . ▁ ▁The ▁project ▁involved ▁contemporary ▁musicians ▁from ▁T anz ania ▁such ▁as ▁Lady ▁Jay de e , B an ana ▁Z oro , En ika ▁and ▁others ▁together ▁with ▁T anz an ian ▁Act ress ▁Elizabeth ▁Michael ▁and ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Jordan ▁R iber ▁and ▁others ▁ ▁The ▁W ah ap ah apa ▁radio ▁drama ▁takes ▁place ▁in ▁Kal umb i , ▁a ▁fict ional ▁town ▁somewhere ▁in ▁the ▁heart ▁of ▁T anz ania . ▁W ah ap ah apa ’ s ▁main ▁characters ▁are ▁a ▁group ▁of ▁musicians , ▁The ▁Home boys ▁Band , ▁and ▁the ▁programme ▁expl ores ▁the ▁impact ▁of ▁HIV / A IDS ▁on ▁young ▁adults ▁through ▁the ▁lives ▁of ▁the ▁band ▁members , ▁their ▁families , ▁and ▁friends . ▁Three ▁additional ▁inter we aving ▁story lines ▁communicate ▁specific ▁behaviour ▁change ▁objectives ▁through ▁trans itional ▁characters . ▁There ▁is ▁the ▁story line ▁of ▁Main da ▁( El iz abeth ▁Michael ) ▁and ▁her ▁mother ▁Mon ika ▁who ▁have ▁a ▁ten uous ▁relationship . ▁Their ▁story ▁stress es ▁the ▁importance ▁of ▁parent - child ▁communication ▁in ▁protecting ▁youth ▁as ▁they ▁navigate ▁through ▁the ▁difficult ▁period ▁of ▁adoles c ence . ▁T aus i , ▁an ▁HIV - pos itive ▁woman ▁who ▁eventually ▁jo ins ▁the ▁band
, ▁is ▁a ▁talented ▁young ▁musician ▁trying ▁to ▁pursue ▁her ▁dreams . ▁T aus i ’ s ▁story ▁expl ores ▁the ▁challenges ▁of ▁dis closure , ▁living ▁posit ively , ▁and ▁confront ing ▁st igma . ▁Ray , ▁also ▁HIV - pos itive , ▁models ▁the ▁trials ▁and ▁trib ulations ▁of ▁anti - ret rov iral ▁treatment ▁( ART ). ▁Ray ▁works ▁at ▁the ▁local ▁Mas ifa ▁( P ride ) ▁radio ▁station , ▁and , ▁on ▁his ▁music ▁talk - show ▁M w ale ▁wa ▁J ua ▁( Ray ▁of ▁Sun shine ), ▁he ▁conduct s ▁live ▁interviews ▁of ▁contemporary ▁T anz an ian ▁musicians . ▁ ▁W ah ap ah apa ▁as ▁the ▁part ▁of ▁M w amba ▁Ng oma ▁documentary ▁won ▁Best ▁Feature ▁Document ary ▁at ▁the ▁North west ▁Film ▁Festival , ▁ 2 0 1 1 ; ▁and ▁ ▁Nom inated ▁for ▁best ▁documentary ▁at ▁F ES P AC O ▁and ▁at ▁the ▁ 6 th ▁Africa ▁Movie ▁Academy ▁Awards ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Intern ational ▁development ▁agencies <0x0A> </s> ▁G orn ja ▁Br da ▁ ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁the ▁municip ality ▁of ▁G ora ž de , ▁Bos nia ▁and ▁Herz eg ov ina . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁G ora ž de <0x0A> </s> ▁B ö hn hus en ▁is ▁a ▁municip ality ▁in ▁the ▁district ▁of ▁R ends burg - E ck ern för de , ▁in ▁Sch les wig - Hol stein , ▁Germany . ▁
▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : M unicip al ities ▁in ▁Sch les wig - Hol stein ▁Category : R ends burg - E ck ern för de <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Cond it ▁House ▁is ▁the ▁Official ▁Res idence ▁of ▁the ▁President ▁of ▁Indiana ▁State ▁University . ▁Built ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 0 ▁and ▁be que at hed ▁to ▁the ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 , ▁it ▁is ▁the ▁oldest ▁building ▁on ▁the ▁campus . ▁The ▁home , ▁an ▁example ▁of ▁Italian ate ▁architecture , ▁was ▁the ▁private ▁home ▁of ▁the ▁Right ▁Re ver end ▁Black ford ▁Cond it ▁and ▁his ▁family ▁from ▁ 1 8 6 2 ▁until ▁ 1 9 6 2 . ▁Cond it ' s ▁youngest ▁daughter , ▁Helen , ▁don ated ▁the ▁home ▁to ▁the ▁University ▁upon ▁her ▁death . ▁ ▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁its ▁role ▁as ▁the ▁Official ▁Res idence , ▁it ▁previously ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁University ▁Al umn i ▁Center . ▁ ▁The ▁architect ▁was ▁J ab ez ▁H ed den ▁and ▁the ▁contract or ▁was ▁Lu ci en ▁Hou riet . ▁It ▁was ▁listed ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : H ouses ▁on ▁the ▁National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁Indiana ▁Category : It al ian ate ▁architecture ▁in ▁Indiana ▁Category : H ouses ▁completed ▁in ▁ 1 8 6 0 ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁Ter re ▁H aute , ▁Indiana ▁Category : H
ouses ▁in ▁V igo ▁County , ▁Indiana ▁Category : 1 8 6 0 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Indiana ▁Category : National ▁Register ▁of ▁Historic ▁Pl aces ▁in ▁Ter re ▁H aute , ▁Indiana <0x0A> </s> ▁Joseph ▁Sab er ▁Sa if ▁( aka ▁Uncle ▁Joe ) ▁( Jan uary ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 1 9 2 6 ▁– ▁November ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 9 ) ▁was ▁considered ▁by ▁the ▁Egyptian ▁Protest ant ▁community ▁a ▁key ▁figure ▁of ▁the ▁Ev angel ical ▁Church ▁of ▁Egypt ▁( S yn od ▁of ▁the ▁N ile ). ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁youth ▁leader ▁and ▁is ▁the ▁author ▁of ▁many ▁books ▁on ▁Christian ▁coun selling ▁and ▁relationships . ▁He ▁was ▁also ▁the ▁transl ator ▁of ▁many ▁well ▁known ▁Bible ▁comment aries ▁into ▁Arab ic ▁( such ▁as ▁the ▁Life ▁Application ▁Study ▁Bible ▁and ▁the ▁Matthew ▁Henry ▁Bible ▁comment ary ) ▁and ▁a ▁well ▁known ▁pre acher ▁and ▁lect urer ▁in ▁the ▁Egyptian ▁Protest ant ▁Ch urches . ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : 2 0 0 9 ▁deaths ▁Category : E gy pt ian ▁evangel icals <0x0A> </s> ▁Am ▁Bra h met al ▁is ▁a ▁Ver walt ung sg eme ins chaft ▁(" collect ive ▁municip ality ") ▁in ▁the ▁district ▁of ▁Gre iz , ▁in ▁Th uring ia , ▁Germany . ▁Since ▁ 1 9 9 1 ▁the ▁seat ▁of ▁the ▁Ver walt ung sg eme ins chaft ▁is ▁in ▁Gro ßen stein . ▁One ▁year ▁later ▁the ▁name
▁of ▁the ▁Ver walt ung sg eme ins chaft ▁changed ▁from ▁Ober es ▁S pro tt et al ▁to ▁Am ▁Bra h met al . ▁ ▁The ▁Ver walt ung sg eme ins chaft ▁Am ▁Bra h met al ▁consists ▁of ▁the ▁following ▁municipal ities : ▁ ▁Bet hen hausen ▁ ▁Bra h men au ▁ ▁Gro ßen stein ▁Hir sch feld ▁ ▁Kor bu ßen ▁ ▁P öl zig ▁ ▁Reich st ä dt ▁ ▁Sch wa ara ▁ ▁Category : Ver walt ung sg eme ins chaft en ▁in ▁Th uring ia <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁Boston ▁Patri ots ▁season ▁was ▁the ▁franchise ' s ▁first ▁season ▁in ▁the ▁National ▁Football ▁League ▁and ▁ele vent h ▁overall . ▁They ▁ended ▁the ▁season ▁with ▁a ▁record ▁of ▁two ▁wins ▁and ▁twelve ▁losses , ▁fifth ▁( last ) ▁in ▁the ▁A FC ▁East ▁Division . ▁ ▁This ▁was ▁the ▁final ▁season ▁as ▁the ▁“ B oston ” ▁Patri ots , ▁as ▁they ▁moved ▁south west ▁to ▁Fox borough ▁the ▁next ▁season ▁and ▁became ▁the ▁“ New ▁England ” ▁Patri ots . ▁Their ▁final ▁season ▁as ▁Boston ▁did ▁not ▁go ▁as ▁planned , ▁as ▁the ▁Patri ots ▁struggled ▁all ▁season ▁and ▁finished ▁ 2 – 1 2 , ▁the ▁worst ▁record ▁in ▁the ▁NFL . ▁Home ▁games ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁were ▁played ▁at ▁Harvard ▁Stadium . ▁ ▁After ▁taking ▁the ▁season ▁op ener ▁at ▁home ▁from ▁the ▁Miami ▁Dol ph ins , ▁Boston ▁lost ▁nine ▁in ▁a
▁row ▁before ▁beating ▁the ▁Buffalo ▁B ills ▁on ▁the ▁road . ▁The ▁season ▁concluded ▁with ▁an ▁embarrass ing ▁ 4 5 – 7 ▁loss ▁to ▁the ▁Beng als ▁in ▁C inc inn ati . ▁Head ▁coach ▁Cl ive ▁R ush ▁quit ▁mid way ▁through ▁the ▁season ▁because ▁of ▁medical ▁reasons . ▁His ▁replacement , ▁offensive ▁back field ▁coach ▁John ▁Maz ur , ▁did ▁not ▁do ▁much ▁better ▁of ▁a ▁job , ▁but ▁he ▁continued ▁as ▁head ▁coach ▁the ▁next ▁season . ▁The ▁Patri ots ▁scored ▁the ▁few est ▁points ▁in ▁the ▁league ▁in ▁ ▁with ▁ 1 4 9 , ▁and ▁allowed ▁ 3 6 1 ; ▁they ▁missed ▁the ▁play offs ▁for ▁the ▁seventh ▁straight ▁season . ▁ ▁Despite ▁being ▁a ▁Super ▁Bowl ▁quarter back , ▁no ▁NFL ▁team ▁made ▁contact ▁with ▁ 3 2 - year - old ▁Joe ▁K app ▁until ▁after ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁regular ▁season . ▁Prior ▁to ▁the ▁ ▁season , ▁the ▁Minnesota ▁Vik ings ▁had ▁exerc ised ▁the ▁option ▁clause ▁of ▁his ▁contract , ▁so ▁K app ▁had ▁played ▁the ▁entire ▁season ▁without ▁a ▁new ▁contract . ▁It ▁was ▁unusual ▁for ▁teams ▁to ▁use ▁the ▁team ' s ▁option ▁and ▁not ▁to ▁offer ▁a ▁new ▁contract ▁prior ▁to ▁a ▁season . ▁This ▁dispute ▁made ▁him ▁a ▁free ▁agent ▁for ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 0 ▁season , ▁by ▁the ▁NFL ' s ▁own ▁rules . ▁ ▁The ▁Patri ots ▁signed ▁him ▁on ▁October ▁ 2 ▁to ▁a ▁four - year ▁contract , ▁making ▁him ▁the
▁highest ▁paid ▁player ▁in ▁the ▁league . ▁The ▁Patri ots ▁had ▁to ▁give ▁up ▁strong ▁safety ▁John ▁Charles ▁and ▁a ▁first - round ▁draft ▁pick ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁( used ▁to ▁select ▁Stanford ▁line back er ▁Jeff ▁S iem on ). ▁ ▁K app ' s ▁first ▁appearance ▁was ▁on ▁October ▁ 1 1 ▁at ▁Kansas ▁City , ▁relie ving ▁st arter ▁Mike ▁Tal ia fer ro ▁in ▁the ▁third ▁quarter ▁of ▁a ▁ 2 3 – 1 0 ▁loss . ▁ ▁The ▁Vik ings ▁paid ▁K app ▁back ▁in ▁full ▁in ▁week ▁ 1 3 , ▁rolling ▁to ▁a ▁ 3 5 - 1 4 ▁victory ▁in ▁the ▁Patri ots ' ▁final ▁game ▁at ▁Harvard ▁and ▁in ▁Boston ▁prior ▁to ▁the ▁move ▁to ▁Fox borough . ▁▁ ▁The ▁Patri ots ' ▁poor ▁record ▁gave ▁them ▁the ▁first ▁overall ▁selection ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁NFL ▁D raft . ▁They ▁took ▁quarter back ▁Jim ▁Pl unk ett , ▁the ▁He is man ▁Tro phy ▁winner ▁from ▁Stanford , ▁upset ▁winner ▁of ▁the ▁Rose ▁Bowl . ▁ ▁Off season ▁ ▁NFL ▁D raft ▁ ▁Staff ▁ ▁R oster ▁ ▁Regular ▁season ▁ ▁Schedule ▁ ▁Stand ings ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : New ▁England ▁Patri ots ▁seasons ▁Boston ▁Patri ots ▁Patri ots ▁New ▁Eng <0x0A> </s> ▁Jack ▁Cann an ▁( 1 4 ▁January ▁ 1 8 9 9 ▁– ▁ 2 2 ▁November ▁ 1 9 6 5 ) ▁was ▁an ▁Australian ▁rules ▁football er ▁who ▁played ▁with ▁Melbourne
▁in ▁the ▁Victorian ▁Football ▁League ▁( V FL ). ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 8 9 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : Austral ian ▁rules ▁football ers ▁from ▁Victoria ▁( Austral ia ) ▁Category : Austral ian ▁military ▁personnel ▁of ▁World ▁War ▁I ▁Category : M el bourne ▁Football ▁Club ▁players ▁Category : 1 9 6 5 ▁deaths <0x0A> </s> ▁Metal ▁Works ▁is ▁a ▁compilation ▁album ▁by ▁Jud as ▁Pri est , ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 . ▁A ▁rem aster ed ▁edition ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁track ▁listing . ▁All ▁material ▁was ▁previously ▁available . ▁All ▁albums ▁to ▁that ▁date ▁are ▁represented ▁with ▁the ▁exception ▁of ▁their ▁debut , ▁Rock a ▁Roll a , ▁although ▁a ▁live ▁version ▁of ▁" V ict im ▁of ▁Changes " ▁( from ▁Un le ashed ▁in ▁the ▁East , ▁with ▁what ▁appears ▁to ▁be ▁an ▁American ▁sound ing ▁audience ▁dub bed ▁on ▁at ▁the ▁end , ▁instead ▁of ▁the ▁familiar ▁Japanese ▁one ▁from ▁the ▁album ▁version ) ▁is ▁used ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁studio ▁version ▁on ▁Sad ▁W ings ▁of ▁Dest iny . ▁This ▁is ▁because ▁the ▁band ▁no ▁longer ▁owns ▁the ▁rights ▁to ▁their ▁first ▁two ▁albums . ▁ ▁The ▁band ▁selected ▁the ▁tracks ▁themselves , ▁and ▁made ▁comments ▁in ▁the ▁sleeve - notes . ▁ ▁As ▁an ▁album ▁it ▁show cases ▁vers at ility ▁of ▁their ▁musical ▁career . ▁This ▁album ▁also ▁brought ▁Rob ▁Half ord ▁back ▁into ▁the ▁fold ▁for
▁a ▁short ▁while ▁following ▁his ▁departure ▁from ▁the ▁band ▁due ▁to ▁internal ▁t ensions . ▁ ▁The ▁album ▁cover ▁by ▁Mark ▁Wil kins on ▁( who ▁had ▁done ▁the ▁band ' s ▁cover ▁art ▁from ▁Ram ▁It ▁Down ▁to ▁N ost rad am us ) ▁comb ines ▁elements ▁from ▁the ▁band ' s ▁previous ▁releases . ▁In ▁the ▁fore ground ▁are ▁the ▁Hell ion ▁from ▁Scre aming ▁for ▁V enge ance ▁and ▁the ▁Pain k iller ▁from ▁its ▁e pon ym ous ▁ 1 9 9 0 ▁album . ▁Under ▁the ▁Hell ion ' s ▁body ▁is ▁a ▁raz or ▁blade , ▁a ▁reference ▁to ▁the ▁album ▁British ▁Steel . ▁The ▁lower ▁left ▁shows ▁the ▁female ▁hand ▁holding ▁a ▁gear ▁shift ▁kn ob ▁from ▁Tur bo ▁and ▁a ▁man ne quin ▁wearing ▁sung lass es ▁and ▁a ▁stud ded ▁leather ▁head band ▁representing ▁K illing ▁Machine / H ell ▁Bent ▁for ▁Le ather . ▁The ▁lower ▁right ▁corner ▁features ▁the ▁door ▁and ▁columns ▁from ▁Sin ▁After ▁Sin , ▁the ▁metall ic ▁head ▁from ▁St ained ▁Class ▁en velop ed ▁in ▁smoke , ▁and ▁the ▁Met all ian ▁from ▁Def enders ▁of ▁the ▁Faith . ▁At ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁trail ▁of ▁flames ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁Met all ian ▁is ▁the ▁shaft ▁of ▁light ▁from ▁Point ▁of ▁Entry . ▁Additionally , ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁chim neys ▁on ▁the ▁factory ▁in ▁the ▁lower ▁right ▁corner ▁is ▁the ▁band ' s ▁familiar ▁tr ident ▁logo . ▁The ▁only ▁studio ▁album ▁represented ▁on ▁this ▁compilation ,
▁but ▁not ▁in ▁the ▁cover ▁art , ▁is ▁Ram ▁It ▁Down . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : J ud as ▁Pri est ▁compilation ▁albums ▁Category : 1 9 9 3 ▁greatest ▁hits ▁albums ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁Chris ▁Ts ang ar ides ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁Tom ▁All om ▁Category : Al bum s ▁produced ▁by ▁Roger ▁G lo ver ▁Category : Col umb ia ▁Records ▁compilation ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Mist ake ▁Peak ▁is ▁a ▁summit ▁in ▁G ila ▁County , ▁in ▁the ▁U . S . ▁state ▁of ▁Arizona . ▁It ▁has ▁an ▁elev ation ▁of ▁ ▁and ▁a ▁prom in ence ▁of ▁. ▁Mist ake ▁Peak ▁was ▁likely ▁so ▁named ▁because ▁it ▁was ▁mistaken ▁by ▁survey ors ▁for ▁another ▁summit . ▁Mist ake ▁Peak ▁has ▁been ▁noted ▁for ▁its ▁unusual ▁place ▁name . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Land forms ▁of ▁G ila ▁County , ▁Arizona ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁Arizona ▁Category : Mount ains ▁of ▁G ila ▁County , ▁Arizona <0x0A> </s> ▁K atherine ▁L itz ▁( J uly ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 1 2 , ▁Denver , ▁Colorado ▁- ▁December ▁ 1 9 , ▁ 1 9 7 8 , ▁New ▁York ▁City , ) ▁was ▁an ▁American ▁d ancer , ▁teacher , ▁and ▁ch ore ographer . ▁She ▁was ▁a ▁G ug gen heim ▁Fellow ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁ ▁Life ▁L itz ▁studied ▁with ▁Martha ▁Graham ▁and ▁H anya
▁Hol m ▁and ▁became ▁known ▁for ▁her ▁hum orous ▁and ▁sometimes ▁iron ic ▁dance ▁sol os . ▁Between ▁ 1 9 3 6 ▁and ▁ 1 9 4 2 , ▁L int z ▁d anced ▁with ▁the ▁Dor is ▁H umph rey - Char les ▁We id man ▁modern ▁dance ▁company ▁( H umph rey - We id man ), ▁with ▁a ▁concert ▁group ▁organized ▁by ▁Ag nes ▁de ▁M ille , ▁and ▁performed ▁on ▁Broadway ▁in ▁Oklahoma ! ▁and ▁ ▁Car ousel ▁( mus ical ). ▁ ▁L int z ▁ ▁was ▁recru ited ▁to ▁teach ▁at ▁Black ▁Mountain ▁College ▁by ▁American ▁artist - d ancer ▁Elizabeth ▁Jen ner j ahn ▁in ▁the ▁late ▁ 1 9 4 0 s . ▁ ▁While ▁at ▁Black ▁Mountain ▁College , ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 - 5 1 ▁she ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁American ▁composer ▁Lou ▁Harrison ▁to ▁create ▁" G lyph ." ▁At ▁Black ▁Mountain ▁College ▁she ▁taught ▁Vi ola ▁Far ber , ▁a ▁founding ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Mer ce ▁C unning ham ▁Dance ▁Company . ▁ ▁L int z ▁married ▁American ▁artist ▁and ▁set ▁designer ▁Charles ▁Oscar . ▁ ▁S olo ▁Ch ore ography ▁and ▁Per form ances ▁Although ▁not ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁permanent ▁company ▁or ▁associated ▁with ▁a ▁particular ▁school ▁of ▁dance , ▁she ▁was ▁best ▁known ▁for ▁developing ▁and ▁regularly ▁performing ▁a ▁set ▁of ▁solo ▁pieces : ▁D aughter ▁of ▁V irt ue ▁( 1 9 4 9 ), ▁Fire ▁in ▁the ▁Snow ▁( 1 9 4 9 ), ▁Blood
▁of ▁the ▁Lamb ▁( 1 9 5 0 ), ▁The ▁Long ▁Night ▁( 1 9 5 0 ), ▁The ▁G lyph ▁( 1 9 5 1 ), ▁And ▁No ▁Bird s ▁S ang ▁( 1 9 5 2 ), ▁Super ▁Du per ▁Jet ▁Girl ▁( 1 9 5 3 ), ▁V au dev ille : ▁Mad ame ▁Bel inda ▁B ender ' s ▁D ancing ▁School ▁( 1 9 5 3 ), ▁The ▁Story ▁of ▁Love ▁from ▁F ear ▁to ▁Flight ▁( 1 9 5 3 ), ▁and ▁Hom age ▁to ▁L ill ian ▁G ish ▁( 1 9 7 8 ). ▁ ▁The ▁G lyph ▁While ▁at ▁Black ▁Mountain ▁College ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 0 - 5 1 , ▁L int z ▁collabor ated ▁with ▁American ▁composer ▁Lou ▁Harrison ▁and ▁several ▁students ▁and ▁teachers ▁to ▁create ▁" The ▁G lyph ," ▁a ▁mult imedia ▁work ▁that ▁included ▁painted ▁back drop ▁by ▁Ben ▁Sh ahn , ▁music ▁by ▁Harrison ▁with ▁piano ▁accompan iment ▁by ▁David ▁T ud or , ▁and ▁poetry ▁by ▁Charles ▁Ol son , ▁and ▁d anced ▁by ▁L int z . ▁L int z ' s ▁ch ore ography ▁in ▁the ▁piece ▁has ▁been ▁described ▁as ▁" ground breaking ." ▁As ▁L int z ▁described ▁its ▁origins , ▁" The ▁common ▁idea ▁of ▁a ▁G lyph ▁expressed ▁by ▁the ▁different ▁art ▁forms ▁was ▁simply ▁a ▁compound ▁image ▁contained ▁in ▁a ▁single ▁work ." ▁ ▁L itz ▁performed ▁the ▁piece ▁in ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁New ▁York ▁Dance
▁Festival , ▁where ▁it ▁was ▁fil med . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁The ▁G lyph ▁was ▁re - created ▁by ▁d ancer ▁Pol ly ▁Mot ley ▁and ▁directed ▁by ▁Richard ▁Col ton ▁in ▁conj unction ▁with ▁the ▁exhibition ▁Le ap ▁Before ▁You ▁Look : ▁Black ▁Mountain ▁College , ▁ 1 9 3 3 - 1 9 5 7 '] ' ▁at ▁the ▁I CA ▁Boston , ▁and ▁the ▁Ham mer ▁Museum ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links Le ap ▁Before ▁You ▁Look : ▁Black ▁Mountain ▁College , ▁ 1 9 3 3 - 1 9 4 8 ▁at ▁the ▁Ham mer ▁Museum , ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁February ▁ 2 1 ▁- ▁May ▁ 1 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Le ap ▁Before ▁You ▁Look : ▁Black ▁Mountain ▁College , ▁ 1 9 3 3 - 1 9 4 8 '' ▁at ▁the ▁Institute ▁for ▁Cont emporary ▁Art , ▁Boston , ▁October ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁– ▁January ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁[ https :// www . ic ab oston . org / ex hib itions / le ap - you - look - black - mount ain - col lege - 1 9 3 3 % E 2 % 8 0 % 9 3 1 9 5 7 ▁K atherine ▁L itz ▁papers ▁in ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Public ▁Library ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 1 2 ▁birth
s ▁Category : 1 9 7 8 ▁deaths ▁Category : Mod ern ▁d ancers ▁Category : Mod ern ▁dance ▁Category : American ▁female ▁d ancers ▁Category : D ancers ▁from ▁Colorado ▁Category : 2 0 th - century ▁American ▁d ancers <0x0A> </s> ▁Constant ine ▁is ▁a ▁former ▁ongoing ▁comic ▁book ▁series ▁published ▁by ▁DC ▁Com ics , ▁which ▁started ▁in ▁March ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁It ▁features ▁British ▁Mag ician ▁John ▁Constant ine ▁re - est ab lished ▁into ▁the ▁DC ▁Universe , ▁and ▁repl aces ▁the ▁former ▁Vert igo ▁Com ics ▁title ▁Hell bl az er , ▁which ▁ended ▁with ▁its ▁ 3 0 0 th ▁issue ▁after ▁ 2 5 ▁years , ▁in ▁February ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁The ▁title ▁character ▁was ▁originally ▁created ▁by ▁Alan ▁Moore ▁in ▁his ▁ 1 9 8 0 s ▁run ▁on ▁Sw amp ▁Th ing . ▁The ▁series ▁received ▁mixed ▁reviews ; ▁writers ▁praised ▁its ▁story ▁but ▁were ▁critical ▁of ▁its ▁characters , ▁setting , ▁and ▁artwork . ▁Many ▁were ▁disappointed ▁that ▁the ▁series ▁replaced ▁Hell bl az er , ▁with ▁writer ▁Joshua ▁H ale ▁F ial kov ▁stating ▁the ▁series ▁did ▁not ▁have ▁the ▁" real " ▁John ▁Constant ine . ▁ ▁Public ation ▁history ▁In ▁September ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁The ▁New ▁ 5 2 ▁re boot ed ▁DC ' s ▁continu ity . ▁In ▁this ▁new ▁tim eline , ▁Constant ine ▁is ▁re int rodu ced ▁as ▁a ▁younger ▁version , ▁rather ▁than ▁the ▁previous
▁inc arn ation ▁in ▁his ▁early ▁ 6 0 s , ▁as ▁the ▁leader ▁of ▁Justice ▁League ▁Dark . ▁ ▁On ▁November ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁DC ▁announced ▁that ▁its ▁long ▁running ▁series , ▁Hell bl az er ▁would ▁be ▁cancel ed ▁following ▁its ▁ 3 0 0 th ▁issue , ▁and ▁would ▁be ▁replaced ▁by ▁a ▁stand alone ▁Constant ine ▁series , ▁to ▁be ▁written ▁by ▁Robert ▁V end itt i ▁and ▁drawn ▁by ▁Ren ato ▁Gu ides , ▁but ▁changed ▁before ▁first ▁publication ▁to ▁writer ▁Jeff ▁Lem ire ▁as ▁a ▁co - plot ter , ▁with ▁Ray ▁F aw kes ▁script ing ▁the ▁book . ▁Both ▁writers ▁also ▁worked ▁on ▁the ▁Justice ▁League ▁Dark ▁series . ▁ ▁The ▁series ▁ended ▁at ▁issue ▁# 2 3 ▁and ▁was ▁rel a unched ▁as ▁Constant ine : ▁The ▁Hell bl az er , ▁written ▁by ▁M ing ▁D oyle ▁and ▁James ▁T yn ion ▁IV , ▁in ▁June ▁ 2 0 1 5 . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁ ▁The ▁announcement ▁was ▁met ▁largely ▁with ▁disappointment ▁from ▁the ▁industry , ▁even ▁by ▁DC ' s ▁own ▁creat ors , ▁with ▁I , ▁V amp ire ▁writer ▁Joshua ▁H ale ▁F ial kov ▁express ing ▁sad ness ▁he ▁would ▁never ▁get ▁to ▁write ▁the ▁"' real ' ▁John ▁Constant ine ", ▁noted ▁crime ▁author ▁and ▁former ▁Hell bl az er ▁writer ▁Ian ▁Rank in ▁stating ▁Constant ine ▁was ▁the ▁only ▁comic ▁book ▁character ▁he ▁ever ▁wanted ▁to ▁write ▁for , ▁and
▁comic ▁writer , ▁Le ah ▁Moore ▁express ing ▁doubt ▁that ▁Constant ine ▁could ▁replace ▁Hell bl az er , ▁among ▁others . ▁As ▁a ▁result , ▁DC ▁co - pub lisher ▁Dan ▁Did io ▁issued ▁a ▁statement ▁defending ▁this ▁decision , ▁stating ▁that , ▁" H ell bl az er ' s ▁had ▁a ▁long ▁and ▁incredibly ▁successful ▁run ▁and ▁that ' s ▁a ▁tip ▁of ▁the ▁hat ▁to ▁all ▁the ▁great ▁creat ors ▁that ▁have ▁worked ▁on ▁the ▁book ▁over ▁the ▁years . ▁The ▁new ▁Constant ine ▁series ▁will ▁return ▁him ▁back ▁to ▁his ▁roots ▁in ▁the ▁DC U ▁and ▁hopefully ▁be ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁another ▁incredible ▁run ." ▁Constant ine ▁has ▁received ▁mixed ▁reviews ▁from ▁critics , ▁pra ising ▁the ▁story ▁but ▁critic izing ▁its ▁characters , ▁setting , ▁and ▁artwork . ▁Com ic ▁Book ▁Resources ▁calls ▁it ▁" a ▁story ▁that ▁would ▁have ▁fit ▁in ▁with ▁the ▁pre - Vert igo ▁brand ing ▁of ▁the ▁title " ▁and ▁praised ▁the ▁character ' s ▁roots ▁but ▁critic ized ▁the ▁artwork ▁for ▁being ▁too ▁" b right ". ▁ ▁Col lected ▁ed itions ▁The ▁series ▁has ▁been ▁collected ▁into ▁the ▁following ▁trade ▁paper backs : ▁▁ ▁Constant ine ▁Vol . ▁ 1 : ▁The ▁Sp ark ▁and ▁the ▁Fl ame ▁( Constant ine ▁# 1 – 6 ) ▁ ▁Constant ine ▁Vol . ▁ 2 : ▁Bl ight ▁( Constant ine ▁# 7 – 1 2 ) ▁ ▁Constant ine ▁Vol . ▁ 3 : ▁The ▁Voice ▁in ▁the ▁Fire ▁( Constant
ine ▁# 1 3 – 1 7 , ▁Constant ine : ▁Future ' s ▁End ▁# 1 ) ▁ ▁Constant ine ▁Vol . ▁ 4 : ▁The ▁Ap ocal yp se ▁Road ▁( Constant ine ▁# 1 8 – 2 3 ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 3 ▁com ics ▁debut s ▁Category : F ant asy ▁com ics ▁Category : H ell bl az er ▁Category : L GBT - related ▁com ics <0x0A> </s> ▁Var sh ons ▁II ▁is ▁the ▁t enth ▁studio ▁album ▁by ▁American ▁band ▁The ▁L emon heads . ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁February ▁ 8 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁through ▁Fire ▁Records . ▁ ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁second ▁cover ▁album ▁by ▁The ▁L emon heads , ▁with ▁Var sh ons ▁being ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 9 . ▁ ▁Track ▁listing ▁Disc ography ▁by ▁Disc ogs , ▁Roll ing ▁Stone , ▁and ▁All Music ▁ ▁Ch arts ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 9 ▁albums ▁Category : The ▁L emon heads ▁albums ▁Category : Co vers ▁albums ▁Category : Fire ▁Records ▁( UK ) ▁albums <0x0A> </s> ▁Paul ▁Marshall ▁Gib son , ▁Jr . ▁( born ▁January ▁ 4 , ▁ 1 9 6 0 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁former ▁Major ▁League ▁Base ball ▁( ML B ) ▁pitch er . ▁The ▁C inc inn ati ▁Red s ▁draft ed ▁Gib son ▁in ▁the ▁third ▁round ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 8 ▁ML B ▁draft ,
▁but ▁released ▁him ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁The ▁Detroit ▁Tig ers ▁signed ▁him ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 8 1 . ▁In ▁December ▁ 1 9 8 2 , ▁the ▁Minnesota ▁Tw ins ▁took ▁Gib son ▁in ▁the ▁Rule ▁ 5 ▁draft , ▁but ▁granted ▁him ▁free ▁agency ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 , ▁where up on ▁the ▁Tig ers ▁re ac qu ired ▁him . ▁ ▁Gib son ▁made ▁his ▁major ▁league ▁debut ▁on ▁April ▁ 8 , ▁ 1 9 8 8 , ▁in ▁a ▁game ▁against ▁the ▁Kansas ▁City ▁Roy als . ▁In ▁January ▁ 1 9 9 2 , ▁the ▁Tig ers ▁traded ▁Gib son ▁and ▁minor ▁le ag uer ▁R andy ▁Marshall ▁to ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁M ets ▁for ▁Mark ▁Car re on ▁and ▁Tony ▁Cast illo . ▁The ▁M ets ▁released ▁Gib son ▁in ▁mid - 1 9 9 3 , ▁and ▁he ▁was ▁signed ▁by ▁the ▁New ▁York ▁Yan ke es . ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 4 , ▁the ▁Yan ke es ▁sent ▁Gib son ▁to ▁the ▁Mil w au kee ▁Brew ers , ▁who ▁granted ▁him ▁free ▁agency ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁season . ▁The ▁Toronto ▁Blue ▁J ays ▁signed ▁Gib son ▁in ▁April ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁but ▁released ▁him ▁in ▁June . ▁In ▁July , ▁the ▁Pittsburgh ▁Pir ates ▁signed ▁Gib son ▁but ▁granted ▁him ▁free ▁agency ▁in ▁October . ▁The ▁Yan ke es ▁signed ▁him ▁again ▁in ▁December ▁of ▁that ▁year ▁but ▁released ▁him
▁for ▁the ▁last ▁time ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁Paul ▁currently ▁owns ▁Paul ▁Gib son ' s ▁Base ball ▁Academy ▁in ▁Long ▁Island , ▁New ▁York . ▁He ▁was ▁indu cted ▁into ▁the ▁S uff olk ▁Sports ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame ▁on ▁Long ▁Island ▁in ▁the ▁Base ball ▁Category ▁with ▁the ▁Class ▁of ▁ 1 9 9 4 . ▁ ▁Sc outing ▁career ▁Gib son ▁is ▁regarded ▁as ▁a ▁project or ▁sc out , ▁which ▁env isions ▁what ▁a ▁player ▁will ▁be ▁able ▁to ▁do ▁in ▁a ▁two - ▁or ▁three - year ▁term . ▁Despite ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁Gib son ▁had ▁a ▁successful ▁pitch ing ▁career , ▁he ▁has ▁been ▁able ▁to ▁analyze ▁players ' ▁ability ▁regardless ▁their ▁position . ▁Gib son ' s ▁style ▁of ▁sc outing ▁also ▁looks ▁for ▁particular ▁traits ▁in ▁a ▁player ' s ▁personality ▁and ▁character ▁to ▁ensure ▁that ▁they ▁can ▁handle ▁pressure ▁and ▁be ▁team ▁leaders . ▁ ▁Begin ning ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁Gib son ▁served ▁as ▁an ▁area ▁sc out ▁super visor ▁for ▁the ▁Atlanta ▁Br aves . ▁During ▁his ▁ten ure ▁with ▁the ▁Br aves , ▁he ▁was ▁in ▁charge ▁of ▁all ▁sc outing ▁aspects ▁of ▁amateur ▁players ▁in ▁the ▁Nort heast . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 8 , ▁the ▁Seattle ▁Mar in ers ' ▁Director ▁of ▁Am ateur ▁Sc outing , ▁Tom ▁Mc N am ara , ▁named ▁Gib son ▁as ▁the ▁Eastern ▁Cross - Checker ▁Sc out ▁for ▁the ▁organization . ▁Gib son
▁was ▁part ▁of ▁a ▁bigger ▁plan ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁was ▁expected ▁to ▁work ▁closely ▁with ▁the ▁Mar in ers ▁baseball ▁operations ▁department ▁and ▁sc outing ▁staff ▁in ▁evalu ating ▁talent ▁for ▁the ▁amateur ▁draft . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁Gib son ▁joined ▁the ▁Kansas ▁City ▁Roy als ▁sc outing ▁office ▁as ▁the ▁National ▁Sc outing ▁Super visor . ▁ ▁Under ▁Gib son ’ s ▁super vision , ▁the ▁Roy als ▁signed ▁B ub ba ▁Star ling , ▁Kyle ▁Z immer , ▁Cameron ▁Gall ag her , ▁and ▁Alfred o ▁Esc al era – M ald on ado , ▁at ▁ 1 7 , ▁the ▁youngest ▁player ▁ever ▁draft ed ▁by ▁any ▁ML B ▁organization ▁since ▁the ▁insert ion ▁of ▁the ▁First - Year ▁Player ▁D raft . ▁ ▁Base ball ▁instructor ▁career ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 5 , ▁Gib son ▁opened ▁baseball ▁training ▁facility ▁in ▁Bell port , ▁New ▁York , ▁with ▁the ▁intention ▁to ▁provide ▁proper ▁baseball ▁instruction ▁to ▁young ▁kids ▁in ▁the ▁community ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁grew ▁up . ▁A ▁year ▁later , ▁Gib son ▁inaugur ated ▁a ▁ 1 0 , 0 0 0 ▁square ▁foot ▁indoor ▁facility ▁that ▁hous ed ▁batt ing ▁c ages ▁and ▁small ▁lesson ▁areas ▁for ▁local ▁instruct ors ▁during ▁the ▁winter . ▁ ▁Inf amous ▁error ▁card ▁ ▁Gib son ' s ▁ 1 9 8 9 ▁Score ▁baseball ▁card ▁initially ▁featured ▁an ▁" error " ▁and ▁was ▁re print ed ▁in ▁a ▁" cor re cted " ▁form .
▁On ▁the ▁card , ▁Gib son ▁is ▁showing ▁preparing ▁to ▁deliver ▁the ▁pitch ▁as ▁an ▁inf iel der ▁stands ▁by ▁second ▁base . ▁The ▁first ▁version ▁shows ▁the ▁inf iel der ▁grab bing ▁his ▁c rot ch . ▁After ▁the ▁odd ity ▁was ▁noticed ▁by ▁collect ors , ▁the ▁card ▁became ▁briefly ▁popular , ▁especially ▁after ▁Score ▁re iss ued ▁the ▁card ▁with ▁the ▁inf iel der ' s ▁arm ▁air br ushed ▁out . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁, ▁or ▁Ret ros heet ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : At l anta ▁Br aves ▁sc outs ▁Category : Base ball ▁players ▁from ▁New ▁York ▁( state ) ▁Category : B irmingham ▁Bar ons ▁players ▁Category : Cal g ary ▁Cann ons ▁players ▁Category : C ed ar ▁Rap ids ▁Red s ▁players ▁Category : Col umb us ▁Cl ip pers ▁players ▁Category : Det roit ▁Tig ers ▁players ▁Category : Gl ens ▁Falls ▁Tig ers ▁players ▁Category : K ansas ▁City ▁Roy als ▁sc outs ▁Category : L ak eland ▁Tig ers ▁players ▁Category : M ajor ▁League ▁Base ball ▁pitch ers ▁Category : N ash ville ▁Sounds ▁players ▁Category : New ▁York ▁M ets ▁players ▁Category : New ▁York ▁Yan ke es ▁players ▁Category : N or folk ▁T ides ▁players ▁Category : Or lando ▁Tw ins ▁players ▁Category : Se attle ▁Mar in ers ▁sc outs ▁Category : S hel by ▁Red s ▁players ▁Category : S
yr ac use ▁Ch iefs ▁players ▁Category : T ampa ▁Tar pons ▁( 1 9 5 7 – 1 9 8 7 ) ▁players ▁Category : T ib ur ones ▁de ▁La ▁Gu air a ▁players ▁Category : T ide water ▁T ides ▁players ▁Category : T ol edo ▁M ud ▁H ens ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁Winter st own ▁is ▁a ▁b orough ▁in ▁York ▁County , ▁Pennsylvania , ▁United ▁States . ▁The ▁population ▁was ▁ 6 3 2 ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁census . ▁ ▁Ge ography ▁Winter st own ▁is ▁located ▁at ▁ ▁( 3 9 . 8 4 0 3 4 6 , ▁- 7 6 . 6 2 4 1 2 5 ). ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Census ▁Bureau , ▁the ▁b orough ▁has ▁a ▁total ▁area ▁of ▁, ▁all ▁of ▁it ▁land . ▁ ▁Dem ograph ics ▁ ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁census ▁of ▁ 2 0 0 0 , ▁there ▁were ▁ 5 4 6 ▁people , ▁ 2 0 7 ▁households , ▁and ▁ 1 6 2 ▁families ▁living ▁in ▁the ▁b orough . ▁The ▁population ▁density ▁was ▁ 2 3 4 . 1 ▁people ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 9 0 . 5 / km ² ). ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 1 5 ▁housing ▁units ▁at ▁an ▁average ▁density ▁of ▁ 9 2 . 2 ▁per ▁square ▁mile ▁( 3 5 . 6 / km ² ). ▁The ▁racial ▁makeup ▁of ▁the ▁b orough ▁was ▁ 9 9 . 4 5 %
▁White , ▁ 0 . 1 8 % ▁African ▁American , ▁and ▁ 0 . 3 7 % ▁from ▁two ▁or ▁more ▁races . ▁ ▁There ▁were ▁ 2 0 7 ▁households ▁out ▁of ▁which ▁ 3 3 . 8 % ▁had ▁children ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 ▁living ▁with ▁them , ▁ 6 6 . 2 % ▁were ▁married ▁couples ▁living ▁together , ▁ 7 . 7 % ▁had ▁a ▁female ▁house holder ▁with ▁no ▁husband ▁present , ▁and ▁ 2 1 . 3 % ▁were ▁non - f amil ies . ▁ 1 5 . 5 % ▁of ▁all ▁households ▁were ▁made ▁up ▁of ▁individuals ▁and ▁ 5 . 8 % ▁had ▁someone ▁living ▁alone ▁who ▁was ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁average ▁household ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 6 4 ▁and ▁the ▁average ▁family ▁size ▁was ▁ 2 . 9 3 . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁b orough ▁the ▁population ▁was ▁spread ▁out ▁with ▁ 2 3 . 4 % ▁under ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 7 . 0 % ▁from ▁ 1 8 ▁to ▁ 2 4 , ▁ 3 3 . 3 % ▁from ▁ 2 5 ▁to ▁ 4 4 , ▁ 2 5 . 1 % ▁from ▁ 4 5 ▁to ▁ 6 4 , ▁and ▁ 1 1 . 2 % ▁who ▁were ▁ 6 5 ▁years ▁of ▁age ▁or ▁older . ▁The ▁median ▁age ▁was ▁ 3 7 ▁years . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0
0 ▁females ▁there ▁were ▁ 1 0 6 . 0 ▁males . ▁For ▁every ▁ 1 0 0 ▁females ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁over , ▁there ▁were ▁ 1 0 1 . 9 ▁males . ▁ ▁The ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁household ▁in ▁the ▁b orough ▁was ▁$ 4 5 , 6 2 5 , ▁and ▁the ▁median ▁income ▁for ▁a ▁family ▁was ▁$ 4 7 , 9 1 7 . ▁M ales ▁had ▁a ▁median ▁income ▁of ▁$ 3 3 , 5 2 3 ▁versus ▁$ 2 3 , 5 8 3 ▁for ▁females . ▁The ▁per ▁cap ita ▁income ▁for ▁the ▁b orough ▁was ▁$ 1 9 , 9 3 4 . ▁About ▁ 3 . 6 % ▁of ▁families ▁and ▁ 4 . 6 % ▁of ▁the ▁population ▁were ▁below ▁the ▁poverty ▁line , ▁including ▁ 7 . 5 % ▁of ▁those ▁under ▁age ▁ 1 8 ▁and ▁ 9 . 5 % ▁of ▁those ▁age ▁ 6 5 ▁or ▁over . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 8 3 0 ▁Category : B orough s ▁in ▁York ▁County , ▁Pennsylvania ▁Category : 1 8 3 0 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Pennsylvania <0x0A> </s> ▁Els ner ▁Ridge ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁narrow , ▁south west - tre nd ing ▁r idge , ▁or ▁sp ur , ▁ ▁long , ▁located ▁ ▁nort heast ▁of ▁the ▁south ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁Hom er un ▁Range ▁in ▁the ▁Admiral ty ▁Mountains ▁of ▁Victoria ▁Land , ▁Ant ar
ct ica . ▁It ▁was ▁mapped ▁by ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Ge ological ▁Survey ▁from ▁surveys ▁and ▁U . S . ▁Navy , ▁a erial ▁photographs , ▁ 1 9 6 0 – 6 3 , ▁and ▁was ▁named ▁by ▁the ▁Advis ory ▁Committee ▁on ▁Ant ar ctic ▁Names ▁for ▁Robert ▁W . ▁Els ner , ▁a ▁United ▁States ▁Ant ar ctic ▁Research ▁Program ▁bi ologist ▁at ▁Mc M ur do ▁Station , ▁H ut ▁Point ▁Pen insula , ▁Ross ▁Island , ▁ 1 9 6 7 – 6 8 , ▁ 1 9 6 8 – 6 9 ▁and ▁ 1 9 6 9 – 7 0 . ▁The ▁r idge ▁lies ▁situated ▁on ▁the ▁Penn ell ▁Coast , ▁a ▁portion ▁of ▁Ant ar ct ica ▁lying ▁between ▁Cape ▁Williams ▁and ▁Cape ▁Ad are . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : R idges ▁of ▁Victoria ▁Land ▁Category : P enn ell ▁Coast <0x0A> </s> ▁William ▁Henry ▁Ell is ▁( 1 8 1 9 ▁– ▁March ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 1 8 5 8 ) ▁was ▁an ▁English - born ▁politician ▁in ▁New found land . ▁He ▁represented ▁F ogo ▁in ▁the ▁New found land ▁and ▁Lab rad or ▁House ▁of ▁Assembly ▁from ▁ 1 8 5 5 ▁to ▁ 1 8 5 8 . ▁ ▁He ▁was ▁born ▁on ▁the ▁Is le ▁of ▁W ight ▁and ▁came ▁to ▁New found land ▁around ▁ 1 8 3 8 . ▁He ▁was ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁a ▁committee ▁formed ▁to ▁protest ▁a ▁Fisher y ▁Convention
▁between ▁England ▁and ▁France ▁in ▁January ▁ 1 8 5 7 ▁grant ing ▁the ▁French ▁fishing ▁rights ▁on ▁the ▁south ▁and ▁west ▁portions ▁of ▁New found land ; ▁the ▁treat y ▁was ▁dropped ▁by ▁Britain ▁in ▁May ▁of ▁the ▁same ▁year . ▁Ell is ▁died ▁in ▁office ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 8 . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : Members ▁of ▁the ▁New found land ▁and ▁Lab rad or ▁House ▁of ▁Assembly ▁Category : 1 8 1 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 8 5 8 ▁deaths ▁Category : New found land ▁Col ony ▁people ▁Category : English ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁pre - Conf eder ation ▁New found land <0x0A> </s> ▁Div ines ▁is ▁a ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁drama ▁film ▁directed ▁by ▁Hou da ▁Ben y am ina . ▁It ▁was ▁screen ed ▁in ▁the ▁Direct ors ' ▁Fort night ▁section ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Cann es ▁Film ▁Festival . ▁At ▁Cann es , ▁Hou da ▁Ben y am ina ▁won ▁the ▁Cam éra ▁d ' Or . ▁The ▁film ▁also ▁was ▁an ▁official ▁selection ▁of ▁the ▁Toronto ▁International ▁Film ▁Festival ▁in ▁the ▁Dis covery ▁section . ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁Netflix ▁worldwide ▁( except ▁in ▁France ) ▁on ▁ 1 8 ▁November ▁ 2 0 1 6 . ▁ ▁Plot ▁D oun ia ▁is ▁a ▁teen age ▁girl ▁living ▁in ▁a ▁Rom ani ▁ban lie ue ▁on ▁the ▁out sk irts ▁of ▁Paris ▁with ▁her ▁mother ▁and ▁aunt . ▁She ▁and ▁her ▁best ▁friend ▁M
aim oun a ▁h ust le ▁for ▁money , ▁shop l ifting ▁from ▁super mark ets ▁and ▁then ▁res elling ▁their ▁w ares ▁on ▁the ▁streets ▁to ▁their ▁class mates . ▁The ▁two ▁girls ▁have ▁a ▁secret ▁hiding ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁cat walk ▁of ▁a ▁local ▁theatre ▁where ▁they ▁observe ▁dance ▁aud itions . ▁D j ig ui , ▁an ▁un trained ▁d ancer , ▁cat ches ▁D oun ia ' s ▁eye . ▁One ▁day , ▁M aim oun a ▁da res ▁D oun ia ▁to ▁sp it ▁on ▁him ▁and ▁she ▁does , ▁resulting ▁in ▁him ▁trying ▁to ▁chase ▁her ▁down . ▁He ▁ends ▁up ▁sl ipping ▁and ▁D oun ia ▁resc ues ▁him ▁by ▁pulling ▁him ▁up ▁from ▁the ▁cat walk . ▁ ▁At ▁school , ▁D oun ia ▁is ▁expected ▁to ▁be ▁trained ▁as ▁a ▁reception ist . ▁She ▁reb els ▁against ▁her ▁teacher , ▁ridic ul ing ▁her ▁for ▁her ▁lack ▁of ▁money ▁and ▁v owing ▁to ▁earn ▁more ▁money ▁than ▁her ▁teacher ▁could ▁ever ▁dream ▁of . ▁Rebecca , ▁a ▁local ▁drug ▁dealer , ▁shows ▁the ▁kids ▁video ▁from ▁a ▁trip ▁to ▁Thailand ▁and ▁plans ▁to ▁move ▁there ▁for ▁the ▁growing ▁sex ▁tour ism . ▁Det erm ined ▁to ▁be ▁part ▁of ▁Rebecca ' s ▁gang , ▁D oun ia ▁observ es ▁her ▁giving ▁drugs ▁to ▁a ▁dealer , ▁Sam ir . ▁She ▁ste als ▁the ▁drugs ▁from ▁a ▁hiding ▁spot ▁and ▁brings ▁them ▁to ▁Rebecca , ▁telling ▁her ▁that ▁she ▁would ▁do ▁a ▁better ▁job ▁as
▁a ▁dealer . ▁Im pressed , ▁Rebecca ▁agrees ▁to ▁let ▁D oun ia ▁start ▁working ▁for ▁her . ▁ ▁Rebecca ▁gives ▁D oun ia ▁and ▁M aim oun a ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁odd ▁jobs ▁which ▁they ▁successfully ▁complete , ▁working ▁up ▁the ▁ranks ▁from ▁cho res ▁to ▁dealing ▁drugs . ▁Rebecca ▁conf ides ▁in ▁the ▁two ▁that ▁a ▁rich ▁man , ▁Red a , ▁keeps ▁ 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁e uros ▁in ▁his ▁apartment , ▁and ▁plans ▁for ▁D oun ia ▁to ▁steal ▁it . ▁D oun ia ▁continues ▁to ▁hide ▁her ▁money ▁in ▁the ▁theatre ▁but ▁when ▁it ▁is ▁gone ▁she ▁confront s ▁D j ig ui , ▁who ▁ref uses ▁to ▁give ▁it ▁back . ▁ ▁Sam ir ▁drives ▁D oun ia ▁and ▁M aim oun a ▁go ▁to ▁a ▁night club ▁and ▁succeed ▁in ▁getting ▁the ▁mark ▁to ▁notice ▁D oun ia . ▁When ▁they ▁leave , ▁they ▁find ▁that ▁Sam ir ▁has ▁left ; ▁when ▁she ▁gets ▁home , ▁D oun ia ▁finds ▁Sam ir ▁having ▁sex ▁with ▁her ▁mother . ▁She ▁sc olds ▁her ▁mother , ▁then ▁burn s ▁Sam ir ' s ▁mother ' s ▁car . ▁When ▁the ▁fire fig h ters ▁show ▁up ▁D oun ia ▁throws ▁glass ▁bottles ▁at ▁them ▁and ▁starts ▁a ▁ri ot , ▁leading ▁her ▁to ▁be ▁arrested . ▁At ▁the ▁station , ▁M aim oun a ▁and ▁D oun ia ▁are ▁loudly ▁ber ated ▁by ▁M aim oun a ' s ▁dev out ▁Muslim ▁parents ▁and
▁an ▁angry ▁Rebecca ▁sc olds ▁D oun ia ▁for ▁getting ▁in ▁trouble ▁with ▁the ▁police . ▁ ▁D oun ia ▁goes ▁to ▁D j ig ui ▁to ▁get ▁her ▁money ▁back ▁in ▁order ▁to ▁gain ▁back ▁Rebecca ' s ▁favor . ▁D j ig ui ▁tells ▁her ▁he ▁has ▁been ▁hired ▁as ▁the ▁principal ▁d ancer ▁in ▁the ▁show ▁and ▁gives ▁her ▁tickets ▁to ▁watch ▁him ▁perform , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁money . ▁Instead ▁of ▁going ▁to ▁see ▁him , ▁D oun ia ▁goes ▁with ▁Red a ▁to ▁a ▁club . ▁He ▁takes ▁her ▁to ▁his ▁apartment ▁and ▁when ▁he ▁leaves ▁to ▁take ▁a ▁shower ▁D oun ia ▁begins ▁searching ▁for ▁his ▁secret ▁cache ▁of ▁money . ▁She ▁is ▁discovered ▁by ▁Red a , ▁who ▁sav ag ely ▁be ats ▁her ▁before ▁attempting ▁to ▁rape ▁her . ▁D oun ia ▁fights ▁back , ▁knock ing ▁out ▁Red a ▁and ▁then ▁man ages ▁to ▁locate ▁the ▁money . ▁She ▁leaves ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁money ▁with ▁her ▁mother ▁and ▁h ides ▁some ▁for ▁M aim oun a , ▁int ending ▁to ▁leave ▁on ▁a ▁dance ▁tour ▁with ▁D j ig ui . ▁ ▁Before ▁she ▁can ▁go ▁she ▁receives ▁a ▁message ▁from ▁Rebecca ▁who ▁is ▁holding ▁M aim oun a ▁host age ▁until ▁D oun ia ▁returns . ▁D oun ia ▁brings ▁the ▁money ▁to ▁Rebecca , ▁but ▁she ▁not ices ▁that ▁some ▁of ▁it ▁is ▁missing ▁and ▁d ouses ▁D oun ia ▁with ▁gas oline , ▁threatening ▁to ▁burn ▁her . ▁Before ▁she ▁can
▁Sam ir ▁real izes ▁that ▁the ▁money ▁is ▁at ▁her ▁mother ' s ▁home ▁and ▁leaves ▁to ▁go ▁get ▁it . ▁En r aged , ▁D oun ia ▁attacks ▁Rebecca ▁before ▁she ▁throws ▁a ▁lighter ▁and ▁the ▁room ▁they ▁are ▁in ▁cat ches ▁fire ▁with ▁them ▁locked ▁inside . ▁M aim oun a ▁is ▁able ▁to ▁open ▁a ▁vent ▁but ▁is ▁unable ▁to ▁go ▁through . ▁Rebecca ▁esc apes ▁and ▁M aim oun a ▁ur ges ▁D oun ia ▁to ▁leave ▁as ▁her ▁face ▁is ▁covered ▁in ▁gas oline . ▁The ▁money ▁they ▁were ▁fighting ▁over ▁burn s ▁behind ▁them . ▁The ▁fire men ▁arrive ▁in ▁time , ▁but ▁wait ▁outside ▁as ▁they ▁are ▁not ▁allowed ▁to ▁fight ▁fires ▁in ▁the ▁neighbour hood ▁anymore ▁without ▁the ▁presence ▁of ▁ri ot ▁police . ▁D oun ia ▁beg s ▁them ▁to ▁save ▁her ▁friend , ▁but ▁they ▁are ▁unm oved , ▁and ▁the ▁building ▁expl odes , ▁killing ▁M aim oun a . ▁An ▁incons ol able ▁D oun ia ▁watches ▁a ▁ri ot ▁unf old ▁as ▁the ▁police ▁arrive . ▁ ▁Cast ▁▁▁ ▁O ul aya ▁Am am ra ▁as ▁D oun ia ▁ ▁Dé bor ah ▁L uk um u ena ▁as ▁M aim oun a ▁ ▁K év in ▁M ische l ▁as ▁D j ig ui ▁ ▁J is ca ▁Kal v anda ▁as ▁Rebecca ▁ ▁Y as in ▁Hou ich a ▁as ▁Sam ir ▁ ▁Maj d ou line ▁I dr iss i ▁as ▁My ri am ▁ ▁M oun
ir ▁Marg ou m ▁as ▁Cass andra ▁ ▁Far id ▁Lar bi ▁as ▁Red a ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁acc ol ades ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Div ines ▁on ▁C ine urop a ▁ ▁Div ines ▁on ▁Un i Fr ance ▁ ▁Div ines ▁on ▁France ▁ 2 ▁Cin é ma ▁▁ ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 s ▁female ▁buddy ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 1 0 s ▁teen ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : 2 0 1 6 ▁director ial ▁debut ▁films ▁Category : Best ▁First ▁Feature ▁Film ▁C és ar ▁Award ▁winners ▁Category : B ud dy ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : Cam éra ▁d ' Or ▁winners ▁Category : Fil ms ▁about ▁sub urb ia ▁Category : Fil ms ▁featuring ▁a ▁Best ▁Support ing ▁Act ress ▁C és ar ▁Award - winning ▁performance ▁Category : Fil ms ▁set ▁in ▁Paris ▁Category : Fil ms ▁shot ▁in ▁Paris ▁Category : F rench ▁drama ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁female ▁buddy ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁teen ▁films ▁Category : F rench - language ▁films ▁Category : Q at ari ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁Ch ico ▁State ▁Wild c ats ▁football ▁team ▁represented ▁Ch ico ▁State ▁Te achers ▁College ▁during ▁the ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁college ▁football ▁season . ▁Ch ico ▁State ▁competed ▁in ▁the ▁Far ▁Western ▁Conference ▁in ▁ 1 9 3 4 . ▁They ▁played ▁home ▁games ▁at ▁College ▁Field ▁in
▁Ch ico , ▁California . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 9 3 4 ▁Wild c ats ▁were ▁led ▁by ▁head ▁coach ▁Art ▁A cker ▁in ▁his ▁ 1 2 th ▁year . ▁Ch ico ▁State ▁finished ▁the ▁season ▁with ▁a ▁record ▁of ▁four ▁wins , ▁three ▁losses ▁and ▁one ▁tie ▁( 4 – 3 – 1 , ▁ 2 – 1 – 1 ▁F WC ). ▁The ▁Wild c ats ▁out sc ored ▁their ▁opponents ▁ 7 3 – 4 0 ▁for ▁the ▁season . ▁ ▁Schedule ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ch ico ▁State ▁Wild c ats ▁Category : Ch ico ▁State ▁Wild c ats ▁football ▁seasons ▁Ch ico ▁State ▁Wild c ats ▁f <0x0A> </s> ▁University ▁of ▁Jed d ah ▁or ▁Jed d ah ▁University ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁public ▁university ▁located ▁in ▁Jed d ah , ▁Mak k ah , ▁Saudi ▁Arabia . ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁Jed d ah ▁was ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁and ▁recognized ▁by ▁the ▁Ministry ▁of ▁Education ▁Saudi ▁Arabia . ▁ ▁The ▁University ▁of ▁Jed d ah ▁is ▁composed ▁of ▁the ▁following ▁colleges ▁and ▁institutions ▁▁ ▁College ▁of ▁the ▁Holy ▁Q ur an ▁and ▁Islamic ▁Studies ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Business ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Ap plied ▁Medical ▁Sciences ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Education ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Science ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Engineering ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Medicine ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Computer ▁Science ▁and ▁Engineering ▁ ▁English ▁Language ▁Institute ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Art ▁and ▁Design ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Social ▁Sciences ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Law ▁and ▁Jud icial ▁Studies ▁
▁College ▁of ▁Sport ▁Sciences ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Commun ication ▁and ▁Media ▁ ▁College ▁of ▁L anguages ▁and ▁Trans lation ▁ ▁Community ▁College ▁▁▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Business ▁- ▁Al k amil ▁▁▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Computer ▁Science ▁- ▁Al k amil ▁▁▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Arts ▁- ▁Al k amil ▁▁▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Business ▁- ▁Kh ul ais ▁▁▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Computer ▁Science ▁- ▁Kh ul ais ▁▁▁ ▁College ▁of ▁Science ▁and ▁Arts ▁- ▁Kh ul ais ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Saudi ▁Ministry ▁for ▁education ▁home ▁ ▁Category : Univers ities ▁and ▁colleges ▁in ▁Saudi ▁Arabia ▁Category : E duc ational ▁institutions ▁established ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁Category : 2 0 1 4 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Saudi ▁Arabia ▁Category : Public ▁universities ▁and ▁colleges ▁in ▁Saudi ▁Arabia <0x0A> </s> ▁Five ▁refer end ums ▁were ▁held ▁in ▁Switzerland ▁during ▁ 1 9 9 7 . ▁The ▁first ▁three ▁were ▁held ▁on ▁ 8 ▁June ▁on ▁two ▁popular ▁initiatives ▁" E U ▁acc ession ▁talks ▁in ▁front ▁of ▁the ▁people " ▁and ▁" for ▁a ▁ban ▁on ▁arms ▁exports " ▁and ▁a ▁federal ▁resolution ▁on ▁ending ▁the ▁federal ▁mon opol y ▁on ▁producing ▁and ▁selling ▁gun pow der . ▁The ▁two ▁popular ▁initiatives ▁were ▁both ▁rejected , ▁whilst ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁gun pow der ▁mon opol y ▁was ▁approved . ▁ ▁The ▁last ▁two ▁were ▁held ▁on ▁ 2 8 ▁September ▁on ▁a ▁federal ▁resolution ▁on ▁financing ▁unemployment ▁insurance ▁and ▁a ▁popular ▁initiative ▁" y outh ▁without ▁drugs ".
▁Both ▁were ▁rejected ▁by ▁voters . ▁ ▁Results ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Switzerland – Europe an ▁Union ▁relations ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 7 ▁elections ▁in ▁Switzerland ▁Category : 1 9 9 7 ▁refer end ums ▁Category : Re fer end ums ▁in ▁Switzerland ▁Category : Re fer end ums ▁related ▁to ▁European ▁Union ▁acc ession ▁Category : Sw itzerland – Europe an ▁Union ▁relations <0x0A> </s> ▁Jo ens uu ▁railway ▁station ▁( in ▁Finn ish : ▁Jo ens u un ▁r aut atie as ema ) ▁is ▁located ▁in ▁Jo ens uu , ▁North ▁K are lia , ▁Finland . ▁The ▁station ▁was ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 4 . ▁ ▁The ▁station ▁is ▁served ▁by ▁passenger ▁trains ▁to ▁H els ink i ▁( via ▁L appe en rant a , ▁K ou vol a ▁and ▁La ht i ), ▁Nur mes ▁and ▁P ie ks äm ä ki . ▁The ▁line ▁to ▁H els ink i ▁via ▁L appe en rant a ▁is ▁elect r ified , ▁all ▁other ▁routes ▁are ▁operated ▁by ▁dies el ▁haul ed ▁trains . ▁The ▁passenger ▁train ▁service ▁to ▁Nur mes ▁was ▁originally ▁to ▁close ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁but ▁as ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁is ▁still ▁in ▁service . ▁ ▁Pass enger ▁trains ▁to ▁H els ink i ▁are ▁mainly ▁operated ▁by ▁Inter City ▁or ▁double - deck ▁Inter City ▁ 2 ▁car riages ▁haul ed ▁by ▁V R ▁Class ▁Sr 1 ▁loc omot ives
▁or ▁by ▁P end ol ino ▁units . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁V R ▁( F inn ish ▁Rail ways ) ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁V R ▁V R ▁– ▁Jo ens uu ▁station ▁ ▁Category : R ail way ▁stations ▁in ▁Finland ▁Railway ▁station ▁Category : R ail way ▁stations ▁opened ▁in ▁ 1 8 9 4 ▁Category : Build ings ▁and ▁structures ▁in ▁North ▁K are lia <0x0A> </s> ▁Martin ▁Ash ford ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Martin ▁Ash ford ▁( C as ual ty ), ▁a ▁fict ional ▁character ▁on ▁the ▁television ▁series ▁Cas ual ty ▁Martin ▁Ash ford ▁( Home ▁and ▁A way ), ▁a ▁fict ional ▁character ▁on ▁the ▁television ▁series ▁Home ▁and ▁A way ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Ash ford ▁( s urn ame ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Mal i ▁Var b ov nik ▁is ▁a ▁village ▁in ▁Bob ov ▁Dol ▁Municip ality , ▁Ky ust end il ▁Province , ▁south - western ▁Bulgar ia . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : V ill ages ▁in ▁Ky ust end il ▁Province <0x0A> </s> ▁M . ▁Susan ▁Sav age ▁( born ▁March ▁ 3 0 , ▁ 1 9 5 2 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁Democratic ▁politician ▁from ▁Oklahoma . ▁ ▁She ▁was ▁the ▁ 3 6 th ▁Mayor ▁of ▁T ul sa ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁the ▁first ▁woman ▁to ▁hold ▁that ▁office . ▁ ▁From ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 1 , ▁she ▁was
▁the ▁ 2 9 th ▁Secretary ▁of ▁State ▁of ▁Oklahoma . ▁ ▁Biography ▁Sav age ▁graduated ▁from ▁E dis on ▁High ▁School ▁in ▁T ul sa ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁earned ▁a ▁B . A . ▁degree ▁from ▁Be aver ▁College ▁( now ▁Arc ad ia ▁University ) ▁in ▁Pennsylvania . ▁She ▁returned ▁to ▁T ul sa ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 7 ▁and ▁became ▁executive ▁director ▁of ▁the ▁Met ropolitan ▁T ul sa ▁Cit iz ens ▁Crime ▁Commission . ▁Sav age ▁went ▁on ▁to ▁become ▁chief ▁of ▁staff ▁to ▁then - T ul sa ▁Mayor ▁Rod ger ▁Rand le ▁before ▁eventually ▁winning ▁the ▁seat ▁herself ▁in ▁a ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁special ▁election ▁to ▁fill ▁Rand le ' s ▁une xp ired ▁term . ▁ ▁Mayor ▁of ▁T ul sa ▁Sav age ▁served ▁as ▁mayor ▁of ▁T ul sa ▁from ▁ 1 9 9 2 ▁to ▁ 2 0 0 2 , ▁and ▁was ▁the ▁first ▁woman ▁to ▁hold ▁that ▁office . ▁ ▁As ▁mayor , ▁Sav age ▁served ▁as ▁T ul sa ' s ▁chief ▁executive ▁officer , ▁responsible ▁for ▁a ▁$ 5 0 0 ▁million ▁budget ▁and ▁ 4 , 0 0 0 ▁employees . ▁Her ▁administration ▁was ▁marked ▁by ▁unpre ced ented ▁job ▁growth , ▁neighborhood ▁rev ital ization , ▁public ▁safety ▁improvements ▁and ▁improved ▁government ▁efficiency . ▁Sav age ▁focused ▁on ▁improving ▁streets , ▁parks , ▁water , ▁waste water , ▁storm water , ▁public ▁safety , ▁cultural ▁and ▁correction al ▁facilities ▁in ▁T
ul sa . ▁ ▁During ▁Sav age ' s ▁administration , ▁the ▁Re ason ▁Public ▁Policy ▁Institute ▁of ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁ranked ▁T ul sa ▁ 3 rd ▁among ▁ 4 4 ▁U . S . ▁cities ▁for ▁how ▁well ▁it ▁delivered ▁government ▁services . ▁News week ▁magazine ▁featured ▁Sav age ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁nation ' s ▁ 2 5 ▁" may ors ▁to ▁watch " ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁ ▁Secretary ▁of ▁State ▁Sav age ▁was ▁appointed ▁by ▁Governor ▁of ▁Oklahoma ▁Brad ▁Henry ▁as ▁Secretary ▁of ▁State ▁of ▁Oklahoma ▁and ▁served ▁from ▁ 2 0 0 3 ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁Sav age ▁became ▁a ▁consultant ▁and ▁senior ▁director ▁of ▁phil anth ropic ▁development ▁for ▁Mort on ▁Com pre hens ive ▁Health ▁Services , ▁a ▁non profit ▁health ▁services ▁provider ▁in ▁nort he astern ▁Oklahoma . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Sav age ▁became ▁CEO ▁of ▁Mort on . ▁ ▁She ▁currently ▁lives ▁in ▁T ul sa ▁and ▁has ▁two ▁daughters . ▁ ▁Awards ▁and ▁recognition ▁ ▁Oklahoma ▁Municipal ▁League ▁Hall ▁of ▁Fame ▁for ▁City ▁and ▁Town ▁Official s ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 ▁▁ 2 0 0 2 ▁National ▁Conference ▁for ▁Community ▁and ▁Justice ▁Hon ore e ▁for ▁leadership ▁ ▁Honor ary ▁Doctor ▁of ▁Law s ▁from ▁Arc ad ia ▁University ▁ ▁Past ▁recipient ▁of ▁the ▁Oklahoma ▁Human ▁Rights ▁Award ▁▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁indu ction ▁to ▁the ▁Oklahoma ▁Women ' s ▁Hall
▁of ▁Fame ▁ ▁Bo ards , ▁Commit te es ▁and ▁Comm issions ▁ ▁National ▁Advis ory ▁Board ▁of ▁the ▁R iley ▁Institute ▁for ▁Urban ▁Affairs ▁at ▁the ▁College ▁of ▁Charl eston ▁ ▁Executive ▁Board ▁member , ▁Southern ▁Regional ▁Education ▁Board ▁ ▁Advis ory ▁Board ▁member , ▁Oklahoma ▁Academy ▁for ▁State ▁Go als ▁ ▁Advis ory ▁Board ▁member , ▁Oklahoma ▁City ▁United ▁Way ▁ ▁Trust ee , ▁Oklahoma ▁Nature ▁Conserv ancy ▁Board ▁of ▁Direct ors ▁ ▁Trust ee , ▁Oklahoma ▁Foundation ▁for ▁Excell ence ▁ ▁Board ▁member , ▁Creative ▁Oklahoma , ▁Inc . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 5 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : Arc ad ia ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : May ors ▁of ▁T ul sa , ▁Oklahoma ▁Category : O klahoma ▁Democrats ▁Category : Secret aries ▁of ▁State ▁of ▁Oklahoma ▁Category : W omen ▁in ▁Oklahoma ▁politics ▁Category : W omen ▁may ors ▁of ▁places ▁in ▁Oklahoma <0x0A> </s> ▁La urent ian ▁University ▁( ), ▁incorporated ▁on ▁March ▁ 2 8 , ▁ 1 9 6 0 , ▁is ▁a ▁mid - sized ▁b iling ual ▁university ▁in ▁Gre ater ▁Sud bury , ▁Ontario , ▁Canada . ▁While ▁primarily ▁focusing ▁on ▁under graduate ▁programming , ▁La urent ian ▁also ▁houses ▁the ▁east ▁campus ▁of ▁Canada ' s ▁newest ▁medical ▁school — the ▁Northern ▁Ontario ▁School ▁of ▁Medicine , ▁which ▁opened ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 5 . ▁Its ▁school ▁of ▁Grad uate ▁Studies ▁offers ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁graduate - level ▁degrees .