text
stringlengths 505
4.3k
|
|---|
▁In ▁addition ▁to ▁those ▁books ▁which ▁are ▁rever ed ▁by ▁all ▁Has id ic ▁Jews , ▁the ▁T old os ▁Ah aron ▁Has id im ▁particularly ▁re vere ▁the ▁books , ▁Sh omer ▁Em un im , ▁Sh ul chan ▁Ha T ah or , ▁and ▁T ah ar as ▁Ha K odes h , ▁by ▁Reb be ▁Ah aron ▁Roth , ▁and ▁Div rei ▁Em un oh ▁by ▁Reb be ▁Av ro hom ▁Y itz ch ok ▁K ahn . ▁The ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁prayer ▁book ▁used ▁by ▁T old os ▁Ah aron ▁Has id im ▁is ▁called ▁Bro ch oh ▁u ' Te hill oh . ▁The ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁prayer ▁book ▁used ▁by ▁T old os ▁Av ro hom ▁Y itz ch ok ▁Has id im ▁is ▁called , ▁Te hill as ▁Av ro hom ▁Y itz ch ok . ▁The ▁previous ▁Reb be ▁of ▁T old os ▁Ah aron , ▁R ' ▁Av ro hom ▁Y itz ch ok , ▁was ▁said ▁to ▁have ▁instruct ed ▁his ▁followers ▁to ▁learn ▁the ▁works ▁of ▁Rab bi ▁Ah aron ▁Ha L ev i ▁of ▁Star os he ly e ▁( pr on ounced ▁Str as he ly e ), ▁which ▁include ▁" Sh a ' are i ▁Ha Y ich ud ▁Ve Ha Em un oh ," ▁" Sh a ' are i ▁Av oda ," ▁and ▁" Av od as ▁Ha L ev i ." ▁The ▁Star os ely er ▁Reb be ▁was ▁a ▁f oll ower ▁of ▁the ▁first |
▁Reb be ▁of ▁Ch abad , ▁Rab bi ▁Sh neur ▁Z al man ▁of ▁Li adi . ▁After ▁the ▁passing ▁of ▁R ' ▁Sh neur ▁Z al man , ▁R ' ▁Ah aron ▁Ha L ev i ▁started ▁his ▁own ▁Ch ass id ic ▁following , ▁an ▁off sh oot ▁of ▁Ch abad , ▁in ▁Star os ely e . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Rab bi ▁Me ir ▁Br ands d or fer ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Reb be ▁Cl ips : ▁T old os ▁Av ro hom ▁Y itz ch ok ▁Reb be ▁ ▁Category : Has id ic ▁dyn ast ies ▁head qu arter ed ▁in ▁Jerusalem ▁Category : Has id ic ▁Anti - Z ion ism <0x0A> </s> ▁Isabel le ▁Z ik ai ▁G bot to ▁Carl sson , ▁better ▁known ▁by ▁the ▁artist ▁name ▁Z ik ai , ▁born ▁December ▁ 2 , ▁ 1 9 9 7 ▁in ▁Stockholm ▁is ▁a ▁Swedish ▁singer - s ong writer . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁ ▁Isabel le ▁Carl sson ▁has ▁a ▁Swedish ▁mother ▁and ▁a ▁father ▁from ▁Iv ory ▁Coast . ▁When ▁Z ik ai ▁was ▁ 1 5 ▁years ▁old , ▁she ▁was ▁discovered ▁by ▁producer ▁Mack ▁Be ats . ▁Soon ▁she ▁wrote ▁text ▁for ▁other ▁artists ▁in ▁Sweden . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁Isabel le ▁started ▁her ▁own ▁artist ▁career ▁under ▁the ▁name ▁Z ik ai . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 1 5 , ▁Z ik ai ▁began ▁writing |
▁songs ▁with ▁the ▁Swedish ▁hip - hop ▁elite ▁and ▁performed ▁with ▁among ▁others , ▁Sil v ana ▁Im am , ▁Michael ▁D ida ▁and ▁Cher rie . ▁Together ▁with ▁Eva ▁D ahl gren , ▁Z ik ai ▁joined ▁Sil v ana ▁Im am ▁on ▁the ▁song ▁F ri ▁which ▁the ▁three ▁of ▁them ▁performed ▁together ▁at ▁the ▁music f estival ▁Br å v all af estival en ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 7 . ▁She ▁has ▁previously ▁written ▁mostly ▁for ▁other ▁artists . ▁But ▁the ▁music ▁she ▁wrote ▁began ▁to ▁be ▁more ▁about ▁her ▁own ▁life ▁and ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁her ▁debut ▁single ▁was ▁released . ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁song writer , ▁Z ik ai ▁wrote ▁songs ▁with ▁Alexander ▁Oscar , ▁Jan ice ▁and ▁Marcus ▁& ▁Martin us ▁and ▁many ▁more . ▁The ▁song ▁Number ▁with ▁Alexander ▁Oscar ▁sold ▁gold ▁in ▁Denmark ▁and ▁the ▁song ▁He arts ▁Will ▁B le ed ▁written ▁with ▁Jan ice ▁became ▁a ▁sound track ▁to ▁the ▁game ▁FIFA ▁ 2 0 . ▁On ▁January ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 , ▁Z ik ai ▁released ▁her ▁first ▁song ▁Mountain ▁Peak , ▁which ▁got ▁a ▁big ▁spread ▁through ▁P 3 , ▁Swedish ▁National ▁Radio . ▁In ▁February , ▁Z ik ai ▁entered ▁the ▁stage ▁at ▁the ▁Swedish ▁Gram my ▁awards ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁and ▁performed ▁the ▁song ▁live . ▁Gram my - winning ▁G RA DE S ▁made ▁a ▁rem ix ▁of ▁Mountain ▁Peak ▁which ▁was |
▁released ▁at ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁March , ▁simultaneously ▁mention ing ▁Z ik ai ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁his ▁new ▁favorite ▁artists . ▁The ▁song ▁Beach ▁Day ▁was ▁released ▁on ▁May ▁ 1 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁and ▁in ▁June ▁Z ik ai ▁was ▁named ▁as ▁the ▁Future ▁Artist ▁by ▁P 3 . ▁On ▁September ▁ 2 7 , ▁the ▁song ▁L iqu or ▁Kiss es ▁was ▁released . ▁Dop est ▁also ▁listed ▁Z ik ai ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁promising ▁artists ▁on ▁the ▁Swedish ▁music ▁scene ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 9 . ▁On ▁December ▁ 2 , ▁Z ik ai ▁ended ▁the ▁year ▁with ▁the ▁single ▁Do ▁You ▁Love ▁Me ▁Still ?. ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁Singles ▁▁▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Mountain ▁Peak ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Mountain ▁Peak ▁- ▁G RA DE S ▁rem ix ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Beach ▁Day ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁L iqu or ▁Kiss es ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Do ▁You ▁Love ▁Me ▁Still ? ▁ ▁Song writing ▁C red its ▁▁▁▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁- ▁Inv ited ▁- ▁Marcus ▁& ▁Martin us ▁▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁- ▁Self ish ▁- ▁L iam oo ▁▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁- ▁Last ▁breath ▁- ▁L iam oo ▁rem ix ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Number ▁- ▁Alexander ▁Oscar ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Fix ▁you ▁- ▁Marcus ▁& ▁Martin us ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Chem istry ▁- ▁Alexander |
▁Oscar ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁I ’ m ▁good ▁- ▁K atie ▁K eller ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁He arts ▁will ▁ble ed ▁- ▁Jan ice ▁▁ 2 0 1 9 ▁- ▁Iss ues ▁- ▁L iam oo ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 9 7 ▁birth s ▁Category : Sw edish ▁singer - s ong writ ers ▁ ▁Category : L iving ▁people <0x0A> </s> ▁Her cules ▁Against ▁the ▁Moon ▁Men ▁( , ▁" Mac iste ▁and ▁the ▁Queen ▁of ▁Sam ar ") ▁is ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁sword ▁and ▁sand al ▁film . ▁It ▁was ▁directed ▁by ▁Gi ac omo ▁Gent il omo ▁and ▁stars ▁Alan ▁Steel ▁and ▁J any ▁Cl air . ▁The ▁film ▁runs ▁for ▁ 9 0 ▁minutes ▁and ▁is ▁dub bed . ▁ ▁Plot ▁In ▁ancient ▁Greece , ▁a ▁race ▁of ▁evil ▁al iens ▁from ▁the ▁Moon ▁land ▁on ▁Earth . ▁For ▁years ▁they ▁have ▁terror ized ▁the ▁nearby ▁city ▁of ▁Sam ar . ▁Her cules ▁( Al an ▁Steel ) ▁attempts ▁to ▁free ▁the ▁people ▁of ▁the ▁kingdom ▁of ▁Sam ar ▁from ▁the ▁rule ▁of ▁their ▁evil ▁queen ▁( J any ▁Cl air ). ▁She ▁is ▁under ▁the ▁spell ▁of ▁inv ading ▁Moon ▁Men ▁who ▁demand ▁ ▁children ▁for ▁sacrifice ▁in ▁hopes ▁their ▁sp illed ▁blood ▁can ▁rev ive ▁their ▁own ▁dead ▁queen . ▁ ▁The ▁queen ▁of ▁Sam ar ▁has ▁made ▁a ▁p act ▁with ▁the ▁Moon ▁men ▁to ▁con quer ▁the ▁world ▁and ▁become ▁the ▁most |
▁powerful ▁woman ▁alive . ▁The ▁downt ro dd en ▁residents ▁of ▁Sam ar ▁cheer ▁the ▁arrival ▁of ▁the ▁might y ▁Her cules , ▁who ▁on ▁their ▁behalf ▁faces ▁deadly ▁obst acles , ▁battles ▁the ▁Moon ▁mon sters ▁and ▁eventually ▁confront s ▁the ▁leader ▁of ▁the ▁Moon ▁men , ▁Red olph is ▁( R ober to ▁Ce cc acci ), ▁a ▁metal - headed ▁giant . ▁ ▁The ▁term ▁The ▁Moon ▁Men ▁and ▁the ▁plot ▁element ▁of ▁such ▁beings ▁seeking ▁to ▁con quer ▁the ▁Earth ▁appeared ▁earlier ▁in ▁the ▁novel ▁of ▁that ▁name ▁by ▁American ▁writer ▁Ed gar ▁Rice ▁Bur rough s , ▁though ▁the ▁details ▁of ▁the ▁con quest ▁in ▁Bur rough s ' ▁book ▁are ▁very ▁different ▁from ▁the ▁film . ▁ ▁Cast ▁▁ ▁Alan ▁Steel ▁as ▁Her cules / Mac iste ▁ ▁J any ▁Cl air ▁as ▁Queen ▁Sam ara ▁ ▁Anna ▁Maria ▁Pol ani ▁as ▁Ag ar ▁ ▁N ando ▁T amber l ani ▁as ▁Glad ius ▁ ▁Jean - P ierre ▁Honor é ▁as ▁Dar ix ▁ ▁Del ia ▁D ' Al bert i ▁as ▁Bill is ▁/ ▁Sel ene ▁( as ▁Del ia ▁d ' Al bert i ) ▁ ▁G off red o ▁U ng er ▁as ▁M og ol ▁ ▁Franco ▁Mor ici ▁as ▁Tim or ▁ ▁Att ilio ▁D ott es io ▁as ▁Rem ar ▁ ▁Roberto ▁Ce cc acci ▁as ▁Red olph is ▁ ▁Ste f ano ▁Car lett i ▁as ▁M og ol ▁ ▁Pa ola ▁Pitt i ▁as ▁Tar is ▁( as |
▁Pa ola ▁P ire tti ) ▁ ▁Gi ul iano ▁R aff a elli ▁as ▁T ir te o ▁- ▁t aver n keeper ▁ ▁Anna ▁Maria ▁D ion isi ▁as ▁T aver n keeper ' s ▁wife ▁ ▁Salv atore ▁B org he se ▁as ▁A gg ress or ▁of ▁Mac iste ▁upon ▁his ▁arrival ▁ ▁Antonio ▁Core vi ▁as ▁Rub io , ▁the ▁imperial ▁guard ▁officer ▁ ▁Production ▁In ▁the ▁original ▁Italian - language ▁version , ▁the ▁hero ▁was ▁not ▁Her cules ▁but ▁Mac iste , ▁originally ▁a ▁hero ▁in ▁silent ▁Italian ▁cinema . ▁Her cules ▁Against ▁the ▁Moon ▁Men ▁" bl ends " ▁elements ▁from ▁a ▁number ▁of ▁myth ologies . ▁Roman , ▁Greek , ▁Anc ient ▁Egyptian ▁and ▁C ret an ▁elements ▁are ▁all ▁thrown ▁in . ▁Fil ming ▁took ▁place ▁in ▁Italy , ▁primarily ▁at ▁the ▁C ine c itt à ▁Studios , ▁C ine c itt à , ▁Rome ▁and ▁in ▁L az io , ▁Italy . ▁ ▁Release ▁He cules ▁Against ▁the ▁Moon ▁Men ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁Italy ▁on ▁ 2 7 ▁June ▁ 1 9 6 4 . ▁It ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 6 5 . ▁ ▁Re ception ▁The ▁original ▁Italian ▁title ▁of ▁Her cules ▁Against ▁the ▁Moon ▁Men ▁was ▁Mac iste ▁e ▁la ▁reg ina ▁di ▁Sam ar ▁( Mac iste ▁and ▁the ▁Queen ▁of ▁Sam ar ). ▁The ▁French ▁title ▁of ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁Mac iste ▁contre ▁les ▁hommes ▁de ▁pier re ▁( Mac iste |
▁Against ▁the ▁Men ▁of ▁Stone ), ▁but ▁the ▁English ▁distribut ors ▁dub bed ▁him ▁to ▁be ▁Her cules , ▁because ▁Mac iste ▁was ▁not ▁well ▁known ▁to ▁American ▁audiences . ▁For ▁audiences ▁who ▁wanted ▁to ▁see ▁an ▁accurate ▁interpretation ▁of ▁the ▁Her cules ▁story , ▁the ▁film ▁" ... ▁made ▁little ▁or ▁no ▁effort ▁to ▁remain ▁faithful ▁to ▁ant iqu ity ." ▁ ▁Film ▁historian ▁Gary ▁Allen ▁Smith ▁noted : ▁" In ▁this ▁combination ▁of ▁pe pl um ▁and ▁science ▁fiction , ▁this ▁silly , ▁but ▁diver ting , ▁entry ▁has ▁the ▁ind om itable ▁Alan ▁Steel ▁( real ▁name : ▁Ser gio ▁C iani ) ▁fight ▁a ▁collection ▁of ▁Moon ▁mon sters ▁before ▁the ▁inevitable ▁cat ac ly sm ▁destro ys ▁the ▁inv aders . ▁In ▁the ▁film ' s ▁one ▁invent ive ▁touch , ▁the ▁sequences ▁which ▁take ▁place ▁in ▁the ▁mountain ▁kingdom ▁of ▁the ▁Moon ▁Men ▁are ▁fil med ▁in ▁sep ia ▁tone , ▁rather ▁than ▁full ▁color ▁... ▁or ▁Cos m icol or , ▁as ▁stated ▁in ▁the ▁American ▁public ity ▁material ." ▁ ▁M ST 3 K ▁Her cules ▁Against ▁the ▁Moon ▁Men ▁( g iven ▁as ▁Her cules ▁Against ▁the ▁Moon men ) ▁was ▁also ▁shown ▁on ▁Myst ery ▁Science ▁Theater ▁ 3 0 0 0 , ▁making ▁it ▁inf amous ▁for ▁its ▁" Deep ▁Hur ting " ▁Sequ ence ▁( the ▁very ▁long ▁sand storm ▁sequence ). ▁This ▁sequence ▁involved ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁cast ▁fl ound ering ▁around ▁point lessly ▁in ▁a ▁sand storm ▁for ▁up |
wards ▁of ▁five ▁minutes ▁of ▁screen ▁time , ▁in ▁which ▁no ▁plot ▁movement ▁or ▁character ▁development ▁is ▁made ▁at ▁all . ▁The ▁" Deep ▁Hur ting " ▁concept ▁is ▁introduced ▁by ▁Dr . ▁For re ster ▁as ▁a ▁follow - up ▁to ▁" R ock ▁Cl im bing ", ▁a ▁pain ▁point ▁of ▁the ▁movie ▁Lost ▁Cont inent ▁that ▁had ▁previously ▁been ▁shown . ▁ ▁DVD ▁releases ▁Her cules ▁Against ▁the ▁Moon ▁Men ▁has ▁received ▁numerous ▁' b arg ain ▁box ' ▁releases ▁from ▁various ▁stud ios . ▁The ▁M ST 3 K ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁by ▁Rh ino ▁Home ▁Video ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁' Collection , ▁Volume ▁ 7 ' ▁box ▁set . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Foot notes ▁ ▁S ources ▁▁▁▁ ▁Be aul ieu , ▁Trace . ▁The ▁Myst ery ▁Science ▁Theater ▁ 3 0 0 0 ▁Amaz ing ▁Col oss al ▁Episode ▁Guide . ▁New ▁York : ▁B ant am ▁Books , ▁ 1 9 9 6 . ▁. ▁ ▁Mor ford , ▁Mark ▁P . ▁O . ▁and ▁Robert ▁J . ▁Len ardon . ▁Class ical ▁My th ology . ▁Oxford , ▁UK : ▁Oxford ▁University ▁Press , ▁ 1 9 9 9 . ▁. ▁ ▁Smith , ▁Gary ▁Allen . ▁E pic ▁Films : ▁Cast s , ▁C red its ▁and ▁Comment ary ▁on ▁More ▁Th an ▁ 3 5 0 ▁Historical ▁Spect acle ▁Mov ies . ▁Jefferson , ▁North ▁Carolina : ▁Mc F ar land ▁& ▁Company , ▁ 2 0 0 |
9 . ▁. ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 4 ▁films ▁Category : 1 9 6 0 s ▁fantasy ▁films ▁Category : It al ian ▁fantasy ▁films ▁Category : Pe pl um ▁films ▁Category : It al ian ▁films ▁Category : F rench ▁films ▁Category : It al ian - language ▁films ▁Category : Fil ms ▁directed ▁by ▁Gi ac omo ▁Gent il omo ▁Category : Fil ms ▁featured ▁on ▁Myst ery ▁Science ▁Theater ▁ 3 0 0 0 ▁Category : M oon ▁in ▁film ▁Category : Fil ms ▁about ▁ancient ▁astr on aut s ▁Category : Fil ms ▁about ▁Her acles ▁Category : Mac iste ▁films ▁Category : S word ▁and ▁sand al ▁films <0x0A> </s> ▁Plan ocr ani idae ▁is ▁an ▁ext inct ▁family ▁of ▁bas al ▁cro c ody li ans ▁known ▁from ▁the ▁P ale ogene ▁of ▁Asia , ▁Europe ▁and ▁North ▁America . ▁The ▁family ▁was ▁co ined ▁by ▁Li ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 6 , ▁and ▁contains ▁two ▁gener a , ▁B over is uch us ▁and ▁Plan ocr ania . ▁Plan ocr ani ids ▁were ▁highly ▁specialized ▁cro c ody li ans ▁that ▁were ▁adapted ▁to ▁living ▁on ▁land . ▁They ▁have ▁extensive ▁body ▁armor , ▁long ▁legs , ▁and ▁bl unt ▁cl aws ▁re sem bling ▁ho oves , ▁and ▁are ▁sometimes ▁inform ally ▁called ▁" ho of ed ▁cro cod iles ". ▁Most ▁ph y log en etic ▁analys es ▁( anal ys es ▁of ▁evolution ary ▁relationships ) |
▁place ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁in ▁a ▁bas al ▁position ▁within ▁Cro c ody lia . ▁Some ▁of ▁these ▁analys es ▁find ▁that ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁lie ▁just ▁outside ▁B rev iro st res , ▁the ▁group ▁of ▁cro cod ilians ▁that ▁includes ▁all ig ators , ▁c aim ans , ▁and ▁cro cod iles ▁but ▁not ▁g har ials . ▁Plan ocr ani ids ▁are ▁in ferred ▁to ▁have ▁first ▁appeared ▁in ▁the ▁Late ▁C ret ace ous , ▁several ▁tens ▁of ▁millions ▁of ▁years ▁before ▁they ▁actually ▁occur ▁in ▁the ▁foss il ▁record . ▁This ▁is ▁because ▁the ▁earliest ▁members ▁of ▁B rev iro st res ▁appear ▁in ▁the ▁Camp an ian ▁stage ▁of ▁the ▁Late ▁C ret ace ous , ▁and ▁Plan ocr ani idae , ▁being ▁an ▁out group ▁to ▁B rev iro st res , ▁ ▁must ▁have ▁br an ched ▁off ▁before ▁this ▁time . ▁ ▁P rist ich amps idae ▁Prior ▁to ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁the ▁term ▁P rist ich amps idae / P rist ich amps ina e ▁was ▁used ▁for ▁this ▁group . ▁However , ▁the ▁type ▁spec imen ▁of ▁P rist ich amps us ▁was ▁found ▁to ▁be ▁und i agnostic , ▁and ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁nom en ▁dub ium . ▁As ▁such , ▁Bro ch ▁( 2 0 1 3 ) ▁transferred ▁the ▁other ▁species ▁placed ▁in ▁P rist ich amps us ▁to ▁B over is uch us , ▁and ▁resur re cted ▁Plan ocr ani idae ▁to |
▁replace ▁P rist ich amps idae / P rist ich amps ina e ▁as ▁the ▁name ▁for ▁the ▁cl ade . ▁ ▁Description ▁Plan ocr ani ids ▁were ▁land - l iving ▁( ter rest rial ) ▁cro c ody li ans ▁with ▁longer ▁legs ▁than ▁living ▁species ▁of ▁cro c ody li ans . ▁They ▁grew ▁to ▁a ▁maximum ▁size ▁of ▁ ▁in ▁length . ▁Near ly ▁complete ▁ske let ons ▁of ▁Bo vers uch us ▁indicate ▁that ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁were ▁more ▁heavily ▁arm ored ▁than ▁living ▁cro c ody li ans , ▁with ▁b ony ▁plates ▁called ▁o ste od erm s ▁tightly ▁inter lock ing ▁along ▁the ▁back , ▁completely ▁enc asing ▁the ▁tail , ▁and ▁extending ▁down ▁the ▁legs . ▁The ▁cl aws ▁are ▁bl unt ▁and ▁have ▁been ▁described ▁as ▁hoof - like ▁in ▁shape , ▁suggesting ▁that ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁may ▁have ▁been ▁un g ul igr ade , ▁walking ▁on ▁the ▁tips ▁of ▁their ▁toes ▁like ▁mamm al ian ▁un g ulates . ▁The ▁areas ▁on ▁the ▁leg ▁bones ▁where ▁muscles ▁attach ▁are ▁in ▁different ▁positions ▁in ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁than ▁they ▁are ▁in ▁living ▁cro c ody li ans , ▁possibly ▁as ▁an ▁adaptation ▁to ▁walking ▁on ▁land . ▁ ▁While ▁most ▁cro cod ilians ▁have ▁fl att ened ▁skull s , ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁had ▁tall ▁and ▁narrow ▁( or ▁later ally ▁comp ressed ) ▁skull s . ▁Their ▁teeth ▁are ▁also ▁later ally ▁comp ressed ▁and ▁not ▁con |
ical ▁like ▁those ▁of ▁other ▁cro cod ilians . ▁The ▁combination ▁of ▁a ▁later ally ▁comp ressed ▁skull ▁and ▁later ally ▁comp ressed ▁teeth ▁is ▁called ▁the ▁" zip h od ont " ▁condition . ▁The ▁z iph od ont ▁condition ▁is ▁common ▁among ▁ter rest rial ▁non - c roc ody li ans ▁cro c ody l omorph s ▁that ▁lived ▁in ▁the ▁Mes oz o ic , ▁but ▁among ▁cro c ody li ans ▁it ▁is ▁unique ▁to ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁and ▁the ▁ext inct ▁Australian ▁cro cod ile ▁Qu ink ana ▁( which ▁is ▁also ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁ter rest rial ). ▁ ▁The ▁teeth ▁of ▁the ▁upper ▁jaw ▁completely ▁overlap ▁the ▁teeth ▁of ▁the ▁lower ▁jaw ▁when ▁the ▁mouth ▁is ▁closed , ▁giving ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁an ▁all igator - like ▁over b ite . ▁Plan ocr ani ids ▁also ▁have ▁a ▁not ch ▁between ▁the ▁pre max illa ▁bone ▁at ▁the ▁tip ▁of ▁the ▁upper ▁jaw ▁and ▁the ▁max illa ▁behind ▁it . ▁Living ▁cro cod iles ▁have ▁this ▁not ch , ▁which ▁provides ▁room ▁for ▁the ▁en larg ed ▁fourth ▁tooth ▁of ▁the ▁lower ▁jaw ▁when ▁the ▁mouth ▁is ▁closed . ▁In ▁plan ocr ani ids ▁and ▁other ▁bas al ▁cro c ody lo ids , ▁the ▁fourth ▁tooth ▁is ▁small ▁and ▁does ▁not ▁fit ▁into ▁the ▁not ch . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : P ale oc ene ▁cro c ody l omorph s ▁Category : T er rest rial ▁cro c |
ody l omorph s ▁Category : P ale oc ene ▁first ▁appearances ▁Category : E oc ene ▁ext in ctions ▁Category : E oc ene ▁cro c ody l omorph s ▁Category : E oc ene ▁re pt iles ▁of ▁Asia ▁Category : E oc ene ▁re pt iles ▁of ▁Europe ▁Category : E oc ene ▁re pt iles ▁of ▁North ▁America <0x0A> </s> ▁Eg id io ▁Gu arn acci ▁( ; ▁born ▁ 3 ▁February ▁ 1 9 3 4 ) ▁is ▁a ▁retired ▁Italian ▁professional ▁football er ▁who ▁played ▁as ▁a ▁mid f iel der . ▁▁ ▁He ▁played ▁for ▁ 1 1 ▁seasons ▁( 1 8 3 ▁games , ▁ 4 ▁goals ) ▁in ▁the ▁Serie ▁A ▁for ▁A . S . ▁Roma ▁and ▁A CF ▁Fi orent ina . ▁ ▁After ▁retirement ▁he ▁opened ▁a ▁pharm acy . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁Roma ▁ ▁Inter - C ities ▁F airs ▁Cup ▁winner : ▁ 1 9 6 0 – 6 1 . ▁ ▁Fi orent ina ▁ ▁Cop pa ▁Italia ▁winner : ▁ 1 9 6 3 – 6 4 , ▁ 1 9 6 4 – 6 5 . ▁ ▁Mit rop a ▁Cup ▁winner : ▁ 1 9 6 5 – 6 6 . ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : It al ian ▁football ers ▁Category : It aly ▁international ▁football ers ▁Category : Ser ie ▁A ▁players ▁Category : A . S . |
▁Roma ▁players ▁Category : AC F ▁Fi orent ina ▁players ▁ ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁mid field ers ▁Category : Col le fer ro ▁Cal cio ▁ 1 9 3 7 ▁players <0x0A> </s> ▁There ▁are ▁alleg ations ▁that ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁were ▁used ▁by ▁the ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁military ▁and ▁the ▁rebel ▁Liber ation ▁Tig ers ▁of ▁T amil ▁E el am ▁( LT TE ) ▁during ▁the ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁Civil ▁War . ▁No ▁strong ▁evidence ▁for ▁indicating ▁the ▁consistent ▁use ▁of ▁such ▁weapons ▁during ▁the ▁war ▁have ▁been ▁found ▁thus ▁far . ▁ ▁Al leg ations ▁against ▁the ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁military ▁The ▁L T TE ▁has ▁accused ▁the ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁military ▁of ▁obtaining ▁and ▁using ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁against ▁its ▁combat ants ▁and ▁T amil ▁civ ilians . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁the ▁L T TE ▁claimed ▁that ▁the ▁government ▁had ▁obtained ▁banned ▁chemical ▁weapons , ▁and ▁warned ▁of ▁" d anger ous ▁consequences " ▁should ▁they ▁be ▁deployed ▁on ▁the ▁battle field . ▁The ▁accus ation ▁was ▁made ▁in ▁relation ▁to ▁the ▁government ' s ▁purchase ▁of ▁R PO - A ▁Sh mel ▁Th erm ob ar ic ▁rock et ▁launch ers , ▁which ▁are ▁not ▁banned ▁or ▁classified ▁as ▁chemical ▁weapons . ▁The ▁pro - LT TE ▁politician ▁Joseph ▁Par ar aj asing ham ▁also ▁referred ▁to ▁these ▁as ▁banned ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁solely ▁intended ▁to ▁ann ih il ate ▁the ▁T amil ▁people . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 |
▁a ▁senior ▁L T TE ▁commander ▁claimed ▁to ▁have ▁witnessed ▁and ▁escaped ▁extensive ▁chemical ▁attacks ▁against ▁L T TE ▁combat ants . ▁A ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁United ▁States ▁diplom atic ▁cable ▁leak ▁however ▁indicates ▁that ▁the ▁International ▁Committee ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁Cross ▁and ▁the ▁High ▁Commission er ▁of ▁India ▁in ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁reported ▁that ▁their ▁medical ▁teams ▁treating ▁the ▁wounded ▁during ▁the ▁final ▁stages ▁of ▁the ▁war ▁came ▁across ▁no ▁evidence ▁of ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁use ▁by ▁government ▁forces ▁as ▁alleged ▁by ▁T amil ▁groups . ▁The ▁UN ▁Secretary ▁General ' s ▁Panel ▁of ▁Exper ts ▁on ▁Account ability ▁in ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁reported ▁alleg ations ▁that ▁chemical ▁agents ▁were ▁used ▁against ▁civ ilians , ▁but ▁stated ▁that ▁it ▁could ▁not ▁reach ▁a ▁conclusion ▁regarding ▁their ▁cred ibility . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁the ▁wife ▁of ▁cart oon ist ▁Pr age eth ▁Ek nal ig oda ▁has ▁claimed ▁that ▁he ▁went ▁missing ▁after ▁he ▁started ▁research ing ▁the ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁military ' s ▁use ▁of ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁in ▁war ▁and ▁started ▁public izing ▁his ▁findings ▁to ▁diplom ats ▁outside ▁Sri ▁L anka . ▁ ▁The ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁documentary ▁This ▁Land ▁Bel ongs ▁to ▁the ▁Army ▁a ired ▁interviews ▁with ▁alleged ▁soldiers ▁who ▁claimed ▁that ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁were ▁used ▁on ▁L T TE ▁combat ants ▁and ▁civ ilians ▁and ▁described ▁their ▁operation ▁and ▁impact . ▁It ▁also ▁broadcast ▁images ▁which ▁claimed ▁to ▁show ▁victims ▁of ▁these ▁attacks ▁suffering ▁from ▁chemical ▁burn s . ▁In |
▁January ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁the ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁B ish ops ▁in ▁the ▁former ▁war ▁zone ▁called ▁for ▁an ▁international ▁in quiry ▁as ▁to ▁whether ▁government ▁forces ▁used ▁cluster ▁m un itions ▁and ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁in ▁dens ely ▁pop ulated ▁areas . ▁ ▁Al leg ations ▁against ▁the ▁L T TE ▁The ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁government ▁has ▁accused ▁the ▁L T TE ▁of ▁planning ▁and ▁carrying ▁out ▁chemical ▁attacks . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁the ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁Prime ▁Minister ▁Rat nas iri ▁W ick re man ay ake ▁claimed ▁that ▁security ▁forces ▁had ▁inter cept ed ▁reb els ▁transport ing ▁large ▁quantities ▁of ▁acid ▁in ▁preparation ▁for ▁a ▁major ▁attack . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁the ▁Sri ▁L ank an ▁military ▁reported ▁that ▁they ▁had ▁captured ▁a ▁stock ▁of ▁gas ▁masks ▁and ▁chemical ▁res istant ▁suits ▁from ▁an ▁L T TE ▁camp ▁in ▁Mull a ith iv u . ▁The ▁Def ence ▁Ministry ▁claimed ▁that ▁the ▁L T TE ▁had ▁been ▁carrying ▁out ▁low ▁impact ▁chemical ▁gas ▁attacks ▁during ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁the ▁final ▁E el am ▁war , ▁and ▁that ▁this ▁discovery ▁was ▁evidence ▁of ▁a ▁plot ▁for ▁a ▁massive ▁chemical ▁attack . ▁Foreign ▁Secretary ▁Pal ith a ▁K oh ona ▁stated ▁that ▁the ▁government ▁has ▁requested ▁an ▁investigation ▁from ▁the ▁Organ isation ▁for ▁the ▁Pro hib ition ▁of ▁Chem ical ▁We ap ons ▁into ▁charges ▁of ▁chemical ▁weapons ▁use ▁by ▁the ▁L T TE . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 0 |
▁the ▁L T TE ▁conducted ▁a ▁chemical ▁attack ▁using ▁commer c ially ▁obtained ▁bar rell s ▁of ▁ch lor ine ▁gas ▁against ▁a ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁army ▁enc amp ment ▁in ▁eastern ▁Kir an , ▁in ▁the ▁Batt ical oa ▁district . ▁This ▁was ▁noted ▁as ▁the ▁first ▁non - state ▁use ▁of ▁a ▁chemical ▁weapon ▁in ▁war fare . ▁L T TE ▁also ▁used ▁the ▁non - le thal ▁agent ▁CS ▁gas ▁against ▁adv ancing ▁government ▁troops ▁but ▁with ▁little ▁effect ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁troops ▁being ▁prepared ▁for ▁chemical ▁war fare ▁however ▁several ▁soldiers ▁developed ▁breathing ▁difficulties . ▁CS ▁gas ▁is ▁commonly ▁used ▁for ▁tear ▁gas ▁in ▁ri ot ▁control ▁but ▁can ▁cause ▁severe ▁burn s . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : S ri ▁L ank an ▁Civil ▁War ▁Category : War ▁crimes ▁in ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁Category : E th nic ▁cle ans ing ▁in ▁Asia ▁Category : Mil itary ▁of ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁Sri ▁L anka ▁Category : We ap ons ▁of ▁mass ▁destruction ▁Category : Al leg ations <0x0A> </s> ▁An ous he h ▁An s ari ▁( ; ▁n ée ▁Ra iss yan ; ▁born ▁September ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 1 9 6 6 ) ▁is ▁an ▁Iran ian ▁American ▁engineer ▁and ▁co - found er ▁and ▁chair woman ▁of ▁Pro de a ▁Systems . ▁Her ▁previous ▁business ▁accomplish ments ▁include ▁serving ▁as ▁co - found er ▁and ▁CEO ▁of ▁Tele com ▁Techn ologies , ▁Inc . ▁( T TI ). ▁The ▁An s ari ▁family |
▁is ▁also ▁the ▁title ▁spons or ▁of ▁the ▁An s ari ▁X ▁Prize . ▁On ▁September ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁a ▁few ▁days ▁after ▁her ▁ 4 0 th ▁birthday , ▁she ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁Iran ian ▁and ▁first ▁female ▁Muslim ▁in ▁space . ▁An s ari ▁was ▁the ▁fourth ▁overall ▁self - fund ed ▁space ▁tourist , ▁and ▁the ▁first ▁self - fund ed ▁woman ▁to ▁fly ▁to ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station . ▁Her ▁mem oir , ▁My ▁Dream ▁of ▁Stars , ▁co - written ▁with ▁Hom er ▁H ick am , ▁was ▁published ▁by ▁Pal gr ave ▁Mac mill an ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 0 . ▁ ▁Early ▁life ▁ ▁Born ▁An ous he h ▁Ra iss yan ▁in ▁M ash had , ▁Iran , ▁she ▁and ▁her ▁parents ▁moved ▁to ▁Te hr an ▁shortly ▁afterward . ▁She ▁witnessed ▁the ▁Iran ian ▁Revolution ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 9 . ▁She ▁immigr ated ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 4 ▁as ▁a ▁teenager . ▁Apart ▁from ▁her ▁native ▁Pers ian , ▁she ▁is ▁fl uent ▁in ▁English ▁and ▁French , ▁and ▁acquired ▁a ▁working ▁knowledge ▁of ▁Russian ▁for ▁her ▁space fl ight ▁experience . ▁ ▁She ▁received ▁her ▁Bachelor ▁of ▁Science ▁degree ▁in ▁electrical ▁engineering ▁and ▁computer ▁science ▁at ▁George ▁Mason ▁University ▁in ▁Fair f ax , ▁Virginia , ▁and ▁her ▁master ' s ▁degree ▁at ▁George ▁Washington ▁University ▁in ▁Washington ▁D . C . ▁ ▁Career ▁ ▁After ▁gradu ation |
, ▁Ra iss yan ▁began ▁work ▁at ▁M CI , ▁where ▁she ▁met ▁her ▁future ▁husband , ▁Ham id ▁An s ari . ▁They ▁married ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 9 3 , ▁she ▁persu aded ▁her ▁husband ▁and ▁her ▁brother - in - law ▁Am ir ▁An s ari ▁to ▁co - found ▁Tele com ▁Techn ologies ▁Inc ., ▁using ▁their ▁savings ▁and ▁corporate ▁retirement ▁accounts , ▁as ▁dere g ulation ▁happened ▁in ▁the ▁US ▁tele commun ications ▁industry . ▁The ▁company ▁was ▁a ▁supplier ▁of ▁soft switch ▁technology ▁that ▁enabled ▁tele com ▁" service ▁providers ▁to ▁enhance ▁system ▁performance , ▁lower ▁operating ▁costs ▁and ▁furn ish ▁new ▁revenue ▁opportunities ." ▁The ▁company , ▁head qu arter ed ▁in ▁Richard son , ▁Texas , ▁offered ▁products ▁that ▁allowed ▁the ▁integration ▁between ▁existing ▁tele com ▁networks ▁and ▁application - cent ric , ▁next - gener ation ▁networks ▁via ▁software ▁switch ▁technology . ▁Tele com ▁Techn ologies ▁was ▁acquired ▁by ▁Son us ▁Network s , ▁Inc . ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁in ▁a ▁stock - for - stock ▁transaction ▁for ▁ 1 0 . 8 ▁million ▁shares ▁of ▁Son us ▁stock . ▁An ous he h ▁An s ari ▁became ▁" a ▁vice ▁president ▁of ▁Son us ▁and ▁general ▁manager ▁of ▁Son us ' ▁new ▁IN t ellig ent IP ▁division ." ▁▁▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁she ▁co - found ed ▁Pro de a ▁Systems , ▁and ▁is ▁the ▁current ▁chairman |
▁and ▁CEO . ▁Pro de a ▁is ▁a ▁technology ▁and ▁services ▁management ▁company . ▁Pro de a ▁is ▁a ▁priv ately ▁held ▁company ▁formed ▁by ▁the ▁An s ari ▁family ▁with ▁development ▁centers ▁in ▁both ▁Richard son , ▁Texas , ▁and ▁Sil icon ▁Valley . ▁ ▁Space ▁ ▁An s ari ▁has ▁expressed ▁that ▁she ▁does ▁not ▁consider ▁herself ▁a ▁" space ▁tourist ", ▁and ▁pre fers ▁the ▁title ▁of ▁" space fl ight ▁participant ". ▁ ▁An s ari ▁is ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁X ▁P RI ZE ▁Foundation ' s ▁Vision ▁Circle , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁its ▁Board ▁of ▁Trust ees . ▁Along ▁with ▁her ▁brother - in - law , ▁Am ir ▁An s ari , ▁she ▁made ▁a ▁mult im illion - d ollar ▁contribution ▁to ▁the ▁X ▁P RI ZE ▁foundation ▁on ▁May ▁ 5 , ▁ 2 0 0 4 , ▁the ▁ 4 3 rd ▁anniversary ▁of ▁Alan ▁She p ard ' s ▁sub - orb ital ▁space fl ight . ▁The ▁X ▁P RI ZE ▁was ▁officially ▁renamed ▁the ▁An s ari ▁X ▁P RI ZE ▁in ▁honor ▁of ▁their ▁don ation . ▁As ▁demonstrated ▁by ▁her ▁commitment ▁to ▁the ▁X ▁P RI ZE ▁and ▁through ▁present ations ▁at ▁Space ▁En th us i ast ▁con ferences , ▁An s ari ▁is ▁a ▁spokes person ▁for ▁the ▁" priv at ization ▁of ▁space ", ▁a ▁process ▁enabling ▁commer c ially ▁viable ▁companies ▁to ▁government - independ ently ▁send ▁equipment ▁and / or ▁people ▁into ▁space |
▁for ▁exploration ▁and ▁other ▁purposes . ▁ ▁The ▁An s ari ▁family ▁investment ▁firm , ▁also ▁named ▁Pro de a , ▁has ▁announced ▁a ▁partnership ▁with ▁Space ▁Advent ures , ▁Ltd . ▁and ▁the ▁Federal ▁Space ▁Agency ▁of ▁the ▁Russian ▁Federation ▁( F SA ) ▁to ▁create ▁a ▁fleet ▁of ▁sub orb ital ▁space fl ight ▁vehicles ▁( the ▁Space ▁Advent ures ▁Expl orer ) ▁for ▁global ▁commercial ▁use . ▁ ▁Space fl ight ▁▁ ▁An s ari ▁trained ▁as ▁a ▁backup ▁for ▁D ais u ke ▁En om oto ▁for ▁a ▁S oy uz ▁flight ▁to ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station , ▁through ▁Space ▁Advent ures , ▁Ltd . ▁On ▁August ▁ 2 1 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁En om oto ▁was ▁med ically ▁dis qual ified ▁from ▁flying ▁the ▁S oy uz ▁T MA - 9 ▁mission ▁that ▁was ▁due ▁to ▁launch ▁the ▁following ▁month . ▁The ▁next ▁day ▁An s ari ▁was ▁elev ated ▁to ▁the ▁prime ▁crew . ▁ ▁As ked ▁what ▁she ▁hoped ▁to ▁achieve ▁on ▁her ▁space fl ight , ▁An s ari ▁said , ▁" I ▁hope ▁to ▁inspire ▁everyone — especially ▁young ▁people , ▁women , ▁and ▁young ▁girls ▁all ▁over ▁the ▁world , ▁and ▁in ▁Middle ▁Eastern ▁countries ▁that ▁do ▁not ▁provide ▁women ▁with ▁the ▁same ▁opportunities ▁as ▁men — to ▁not ▁give ▁up ▁their ▁dreams ▁and ▁to ▁pursue ▁them ... ▁It ▁may ▁seem ▁impossible ▁to ▁them ▁at ▁times . ▁But ▁I ▁believe ▁they ▁can ▁realize ▁their ▁dreams ▁if ▁they ▁keep ▁it |
▁in ▁their ▁hearts , ▁n urt ure ▁it , ▁and ▁look ▁for ▁opportunities ▁and ▁make ▁those ▁opportunities ▁happen ." ▁The ▁day ▁before ▁her ▁departure , ▁she ▁was ▁interviewed ▁on ▁Iran ▁national ▁television ▁for ▁the ▁astr onomy ▁show ▁Night ' s ▁Sky . ▁The ▁hosts ▁wished ▁her ▁success ▁and ▁thank ed ▁her ▁on ▁behalf ▁of ▁Iran ians . ▁An s ari ▁in ▁return , ▁thank ed ▁them . ▁ ▁An s ari ▁lifted ▁off ▁on ▁the ▁S oy uz ▁T MA - 9 ▁mission ▁with ▁commander ▁Mik h ail ▁Ty ur in ▁( R SA ) ▁and ▁flight ▁engineer ▁Michael ▁L ope z - A leg ria ▁( N AS A ) ▁at ▁ 0 4 : 5 9 ▁( UTC ) ▁on ▁Monday ▁September ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁from ▁Ba ik on ur , ▁Kaz akh stan . ▁An s ari ▁became ▁the ▁fourth ▁( and ▁first ▁female ) ▁space ▁tourist . ▁Her ▁contract ▁did ▁not ▁allow ▁for ▁dis closure ▁of ▁the ▁amount ▁paid , ▁but ▁previous ▁space ▁tourists ▁have ▁paid ▁in ▁excess ▁of ▁$ 2 0 ▁million ▁USD . ▁The ▁space ▁craft ▁d ocked ▁with ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station ▁( I SS ) ▁on ▁Wednesday ▁September ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁at ▁ 0 5 : 2 1 ▁( UTC ). ▁An s ari ▁landed ▁safely ▁aboard ▁S oy uz ▁T MA - 8 ▁on ▁September ▁ 2 9 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁at ▁ 0 1 : |
1 3 ▁UTC ▁on ▁the ▁ste pp es ▁of ▁Kaz akh stan ▁( 9 0 ▁kilom eters ▁north ▁of ▁Ark aly k ) ▁with ▁U . S . ▁astr on aut ▁Jeff rey ▁Williams ▁and ▁Russian ▁cos mon aut ▁P avel ▁Vin og rad ov . ▁She ▁was ▁given ▁red ▁ro ses ▁from ▁an ▁un ident ified ▁official , ▁and ▁a ▁surprise ▁kiss ▁from ▁her ▁husband , ▁Ham id . ▁The ▁crew ' s ▁res cu ers ▁moved ▁them ▁to ▁K ust an ai ▁by ▁helic opter ▁for ▁the ▁welcome ▁ceremony . ▁ ▁During ▁her ▁nine - day ▁stay ▁on ▁board ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station , ▁An s ari ▁agreed ▁to ▁perform ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁experiments ▁on ▁behalf ▁of ▁the ▁European ▁Space ▁Agency . ▁She ▁conducted ▁four ▁experiments , ▁including : ▁ ▁Research ing ▁the ▁mechanisms ▁behind ▁an em ia . ▁ ▁How ▁changes ▁in ▁muscles ▁influence ▁lower ▁back ▁pain . ▁ ▁Con sequ ences ▁of ▁space ▁radiation ▁on ▁I SS ▁crew ▁members ▁and ▁different ▁species ▁of ▁micro bes ▁that ▁have ▁made ▁a ▁home ▁for ▁themselves ▁on ▁the ▁space ▁station . ▁ ▁She ▁also ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁person ▁to ▁publish ▁a ▁we blog ▁from ▁space . ▁ ▁Iran ian ▁flag ▁controversy ▁▁ ▁An s ari ▁intended ▁to ▁wear ▁the ▁U . S . ▁flag ▁on ▁her ▁spaces uit ▁alongside ▁a ▁polit ically ▁neutral ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Iran ian ▁flag , ▁i . e . ▁the ▁simple ▁ 3 - color ▁flag ▁with ▁no ▁government - specific ▁em blem , ▁to ▁honor ▁the ▁two |
▁countries ▁that ▁have ▁contributed ▁to ▁her ▁life . ▁A ▁few ▁U . S .- based ▁media ▁wrong ly ▁spec ulated ▁that ▁she ▁was ▁int ending ▁to ▁wear ▁the ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Iran ian ▁flag ▁that ▁pre dated ▁the ▁ 1 9 7 9 ▁Islamic ▁revolution ▁in ▁Iran . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁ins istence ▁of ▁the ▁NASA ▁and ▁Russian ▁officials , ▁she ▁did ▁not ▁wear ▁the ▁Iran ian ▁flag ▁officially , ▁but ▁wore ▁the ▁Iran ian ▁flag ▁colors ▁instead ▁and ▁kept ▁the ▁Iran ian ▁flag ▁on ▁her ▁official ▁flight ▁patch . ▁She ▁and ▁her ▁husband ▁said ▁no ▁political ▁message ▁was ▁intended , ▁despite ▁the ▁increasing ▁t ensions ▁with ▁United ▁States ▁and ▁Iran ▁relations , ▁which ▁had ▁dominated ▁world ▁head lines ▁in ▁the ▁weeks ▁leading ▁up ▁to ▁her ▁launch . ▁She ▁noted ▁that ▁she ▁had ▁" pl ans ▁to ▁dev ote ▁her ▁mission ▁to ▁expanding ▁a ▁global ▁consciousness ▁she ▁expected ▁would ▁be ▁seed ed ▁with ▁her ▁first ▁look ▁at ▁Earth ▁from ▁space ". ▁ ▁Re actions ▁to ▁An s ari ' s ▁flight ▁ ▁C rew mates ▁ ▁Michael ▁L ó pez - A le gr ía , ▁the ▁Spanish - born ▁NASA ▁astr on aut ▁who ▁flew ▁on ▁the ▁Russian ▁S oy uz ▁space craft ▁on ▁the ▁return ▁flight ▁with ▁An s ari , ▁expressed ▁his ▁doubts ▁to ▁reporters ▁before ▁the ▁flight : ▁" I ' m ▁not ▁a ▁big ▁fan ▁personally ▁of ▁having ▁those ▁guys ▁go ▁visit ▁the ▁space ▁station ▁because ▁I ▁think ▁the ▁space ▁station ▁is ▁still ▁a ▁place ▁that ▁is ▁under |
▁construction , ▁and ▁not ▁quite ▁operational . ▁I ▁don ' t ▁think ▁it ' s ▁ideal ." ▁ ▁L ó pez - A le gr ía ▁later ▁stated ▁that ▁he ▁was ▁ske pt ical ▁of ▁private ▁tourists ▁a ▁few ▁years ▁ago , ▁but ▁now ▁believes ▁it ▁is ▁essential ▁to ▁the ▁survival ▁of ▁the ▁Russian ▁space ▁program ▁which ▁is ▁important ▁to ▁the ▁U . S . ▁space ▁program : ▁" If ▁that ' s ▁the ▁correct ▁solution ... ▁then ▁not ▁only ▁is ▁it ▁good ▁from ▁the ▁stand point ▁of ▁supporting ▁the ▁Russian ▁space ▁program , ▁but ▁it ' s ▁good ▁for ▁us ▁as ▁well ," ▁he ▁said . ▁An s ari ' s ▁presence ▁in ▁space ▁" is ▁a ▁great ▁dream ▁and ▁a ▁great ▁hope ▁not ▁just ▁for ▁our ▁country ▁but ▁for ▁countries ▁all ▁around ▁the ▁world ." ▁ ▁The ▁same ▁Associ ated ▁Press ▁story ▁also ▁quoted ▁Mik h ail ▁Ty ur in ▁describing ▁An s ari ▁as ▁" very ▁professional " ▁and ▁said ▁he ▁felt ▁like ▁they ▁had ▁worked ▁together ▁for ▁a ▁decade . ▁ ▁Re actions ▁in ▁Iran ▁▁ ▁The ▁flight ▁was ▁given ▁significant ▁coverage ▁by ▁Iran ian ▁state ▁television , ▁with ▁an ▁hour ▁long ▁live ▁interview ▁with ▁An s ari ▁being ▁broadcast ▁on ▁the ▁show ▁A se man e ▁Sh ab ▁(" N ight ▁Sky "). ▁An s ari ▁was ▁praised ▁by ▁newspapers ▁such ▁as ▁Hamb aste gi ▁and ▁Jam - e - J am ▁Daily , ▁which ▁published ▁daily ▁columns ▁detail ing ▁the ▁journey . ▁The ▁astr onomy ▁magazine ▁NO |
J UM ▁also ▁published ▁an ▁exclusive ▁interview ▁of ▁P ou ria ▁Naz emi ▁with ▁An s ari ▁before ▁her ▁trip , ▁in ▁which ▁she ▁discussed ▁her ▁vision ▁for ▁commercial ▁space fl ight . ▁NO J UM ▁also ▁organized ▁and ▁held ▁gather ings ▁when ▁the ▁I SS ▁passed ▁over ▁Iran ' s ▁cities . ▁Shah ram ▁Y az dan pan ah , ▁made ▁a ▁special ▁part ▁about ▁An ous he h ' s ▁trip ▁to ▁space ▁at ▁Pers ian ▁" Space ▁Science " ▁website ▁and ▁covered ▁all ▁the ▁news ▁of ▁trip . ▁ ▁Inter views ▁▁ ▁On ▁September ▁ 2 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁she ▁told ▁reporters ▁that ▁she ▁has ▁no ▁reg rets ▁and ▁said ▁" I ▁am ▁having ▁a ▁wonderful ▁time ▁here . ▁It ' s ▁been ▁more ▁than ▁what ▁I ▁expected , ▁and ▁I ▁am ▁enjoying ▁every ▁single ▁second ▁of ▁it . ▁The ▁entire ▁experience ▁has ▁been ▁wonderful ▁up ▁here ." ▁ ▁Hon ors ▁and ▁awards ▁ ▁An s ari ▁has ▁received ▁multiple ▁hon ors , ▁including ▁the ▁George ▁Mason ▁University ▁Entre pre neur ial ▁Excell ence ▁Award , ▁the ▁George ▁Washington ▁University ▁Dist ingu ished ▁Al umn i ▁A chie vement ▁Award , ▁the ▁Ernst ▁& ▁Young ▁Entre pre neur ▁of ▁the ▁Year ▁Award ▁for ▁the ▁South west ▁Region , ▁and ▁the ▁Hor atio ▁Al ger ▁Award . ▁While ▁under ▁her ▁leadership , ▁Tele com ▁Techn ologies , ▁Inc . ▁earned ▁recognition ▁as ▁one ▁of ▁Inc . ▁magazines ▁ 5 0 0 ▁fastest - grow ing ▁companies |
▁and ▁one ▁of ▁Del o itte ▁& ▁T ou che ' s ▁Fast ▁ 5 0 0 ▁technology ▁companies . ▁She ▁was ▁listed ▁in ▁Fort une ▁Mag az ines ▁ 4 0 ▁under ▁ 4 0 ▁list ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 ▁and ▁hon ored ▁by ▁Working ▁Woman ▁as ▁the ▁winner ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 ▁National ▁Entre pre neur ial ▁Excell ence ▁award . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁she ▁received ▁the ▁first ▁NC W IT ▁Sym ons ▁Innov ator ▁Award ▁given ▁annually ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁Center ▁for ▁Women ▁& ▁Information ▁Technology ▁to ▁honor ▁successful ▁women ▁entrepre neurs ▁in ▁technology . ▁ ▁She ▁received ▁an ▁Honor ary ▁Doctor ate ▁of ▁Science ▁from ▁her ▁al ma ▁mater ▁George ▁Mason ▁University ▁on ▁December ▁ 2 0 , ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁The ▁An s ari ▁family ▁was ▁hon ored ▁with ▁an ▁Or bit ▁Award ▁by ▁the ▁National ▁Space ▁Society ▁and ▁Space ▁Tour ism ▁Society ▁for ▁under writing ▁the ▁An s ari ▁X ▁Prize . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 , ▁she ▁was ▁awarded ▁the ▁Ell is ▁Island ▁Medal ▁of ▁Honor ▁in ▁recognition ▁of ▁her ▁human itarian ▁efforts . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁the ▁National ▁Space ▁Society ▁awarded ▁An s ari ▁the ▁Space ▁P ione er ▁Award ▁for ▁her ▁" Service ▁to ▁the ▁Space ▁Community ." ▁ ▁Other ▁activities ▁and ▁public ▁appearances ▁ ▁An s ari ▁participated ▁as ▁a ▁speaker ▁at ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁H oney well |
▁Lead ership ▁Academy ▁with ▁Hom er ▁H ick am ▁at ▁United ▁States ▁Space ▁Camp ▁in ▁Hun ts ville , ▁Alabama . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 , ▁An s ari ▁was ▁featured ▁in ▁the ▁documentary ▁film ▁Space ▁Tour ists ▁by ▁independent ▁Swiss ▁film maker ▁Christian ▁Fre i ▁about ▁billion aires ▁who ▁paid ▁to ▁ride ▁to ▁the ▁International ▁Space ▁Station ▁aboard ▁Russian ▁space craft . ▁The ▁DVD ▁of ▁the ▁film ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 1 . ▁ ▁She ▁served ▁as ▁the ▁commence ment ▁speaker ▁at ▁and ▁received ▁an ▁Honor ary ▁Doctor ate ▁of ▁Science ▁from ▁Utah ▁Valley ▁University ▁on ▁April ▁ 2 5 , ▁ 2 0 1 3 . ▁ ▁On ▁February ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁she ▁and ▁F ir ou z ▁N ader i ▁represented ▁Iran ian ▁film maker ▁As gh ar ▁Far h adi ▁at ▁the ▁ 8 9 th ▁Academy ▁Awards ▁and ▁accepted ▁the ▁Academy ▁Award ▁for ▁Best ▁Foreign ▁Language ▁Film ▁for ▁The ▁Sales man ▁on ▁Far h adi ' s ▁behalf . ▁Far h adi ▁did ▁not ▁attend ▁the ▁ceremony ▁due ▁to ▁his ▁opposition ▁to ▁President ▁Trump ' s ▁immigration ▁ban ▁applying ▁to ▁seven ▁Muslim ▁countries ▁including ▁Iran . ▁Far h adi ▁selected ▁An s ari ▁and ▁N ader i ▁as ▁his ▁representatives ▁because ▁both ▁are ▁successful ▁Iran ian - Amer icans ▁who ▁immigr ated ▁to ▁the ▁US . ▁ ▁An s ari ▁has ▁served ▁on ▁the ▁boards ▁of ▁directors ▁for ▁Make - a - W ish ▁Foundation |
▁of ▁North ▁Texas ▁and ▁Coll in ▁County ▁Children ' s ▁Adv oc acy ▁Center . ▁She ▁has ▁been ▁active ▁with ▁several ▁non profit ▁organizations , ▁including ▁the ▁non profit ▁Iran ian ▁American ▁Women ▁Foundation ▁organization . ▁Other ▁non - profit ▁organizations ▁include ▁the ▁Ash oka ▁Foundation ▁in ▁its ▁support ▁of ▁social ▁entrepre neurs . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁While ▁working ▁at ▁M CI , ▁she ▁met ▁Ham id ▁An s ari . ▁They ▁married ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁The ▁An s aris ▁res ide ▁in ▁Pl ano , ▁Texas . ▁She ▁is ▁also ▁the ▁aunt ▁of ▁the ▁American ▁actors ▁Y ara ▁Shah idi ▁and ▁Say eed ▁Shah idi . ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Iran ian ▁women ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁famous ▁Pers ian ▁women ▁ ▁List ▁of ▁International ▁Space ▁Station ▁visitors ▁ ▁Women ▁in ▁space ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁An ous he h ▁An s ari ▁Space ▁Blog ▁ ▁Space ▁Tour ists , ▁a ▁documentary ▁film ▁from ▁Christian ▁Fre i ▁with ▁An ous he h ▁An s ari ▁ ▁An ous he h ▁An s ari ▁in ▁Space S ci ence . ir ▁( in ▁Pers ian ) ▁▁▁ ▁Inter view ▁with ▁An ous he h ▁An s ari ▁ ▁A ▁' pass ion ' ▁for ▁space ▁travel ▁BBC / Click ▁Video ▁Inter view ▁with ▁An ous he h ▁An s ari ▁ ▁Space f acts ▁astr on aut ▁bio ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 6 6 ▁birth s ▁Category : L |
iving ▁people ▁Category : Ge orge ▁Mason ▁University ▁al umn i ▁Category : Ge orge ▁Washington ▁University ▁School ▁of ▁Engineering ▁and ▁Ap plied ▁Science ▁al umn i ▁Category : Space ▁tourists ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁engineers ▁Category : American ▁mem oir ists ▁Category : American ▁astr on aut s ▁Category : American ▁phil anth rop ists ▁Category : American ▁people ▁of ▁Iran ian ▁descent ▁Category : American ▁writers ▁of ▁Iran ian ▁descent ▁Category : American ▁Muslims ▁Category : People ▁from ▁M ash had ▁Category : I ran ian ▁women ▁engineers ▁Category : I ran ian ▁astr on aut s ▁Category : American ▁technology ▁chief ▁execut ives ▁Category : W omen ▁astr on aut s ▁Category : An s ari ▁X ▁Prize ▁Category : American ▁women ▁chief ▁execut ives ▁Category : I ran ian ▁em igr ants ▁to ▁the ▁United ▁States <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁is ▁a ▁non - profit ▁organization ▁that ▁don ates ▁books ▁and ▁libraries ▁to ▁under ▁fin anced ▁schools ▁and ▁or phan ages ▁in ▁China ▁and ▁Vietnam . ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁was ▁founded ▁on ▁the ▁principle ▁that ▁education ▁is ▁change ▁and ▁the ▁key ▁to ▁breaking ▁the ▁cycle ▁of ▁poverty ▁in ▁the ▁developing ▁world . ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁gets ▁the ▁local ▁community ▁involved ▁through ▁book ▁drives ▁and ▁awareness ▁raising , ▁and ▁partner ing ▁with ▁local ▁char ities ▁and ▁companies . ▁Since ▁ 2 0 0 6 , ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁has ▁established ▁over ▁ 6 0 0 ▁libraries ▁and ▁don ated ▁more ▁than ▁ 3 5 0 |
, 0 0 0 ▁local ▁and ▁English ▁language ▁books ▁to ▁rural ▁elementary ▁schools ▁and ▁or phan ages ▁throughout ▁China ▁and ▁Vietnam ▁with ▁another ▁ 3 5 0 ▁planned ▁for ▁completion ▁in ▁ 2 0 1 2 . ▁ ▁Program s ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁has ▁three ▁distinct ▁programs . ▁All ▁books ▁are ▁purchased ▁in - country ▁via ▁generous ▁individual ▁or ▁company ▁don ations ▁or ▁acquired ▁through ▁local ▁community ▁based ▁book ▁drives . ▁ ▁Element ary ▁School ▁Program ▁— ▁Each ▁elementary ▁school ▁receives ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁high ▁quality ▁bi - ling ual ▁children ' s ▁books , ▁child - safe ▁tables ▁and ▁chairs , ▁fresh ▁paint ▁and ▁color ful ▁post ers . ▁ ▁Or phan age ▁Program ▁— ▁Each ▁small ▁or phan age ▁receives ▁a ▁wide ▁range ▁of ▁high ▁quality ▁bi - ling ual ▁children ' s ▁books , ▁child - safe ▁tables ▁and ▁chairs , ▁fresh ▁paint ▁and ▁color ful ▁post ers ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁games ▁and ▁floor ▁m ats . ▁▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁Earth qu ake ▁Program ▁— ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁has ▁provided ▁books ▁and ▁libraries ▁for ▁elementary ▁schools ▁and ▁or phan ages ▁in ▁S ich a an ▁and ▁Shan xi ▁Prov in ces ▁as ▁they ▁have ▁re built ▁as ▁a ▁result ▁of ▁the ▁devast ating ▁ 2 0 0 8 ▁earthqu ake . ▁ ▁Results ▁Over ▁the ▁past ▁six ▁years , ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁has ▁empower ed ▁children ▁with ▁the ▁gift ▁of ▁education ▁by : ▁ ▁Prov iding ▁access ▁to ▁books ▁to ▁over ▁ 2 0 0 , 0 |
0 0 ▁children ▁ ▁Don ating ▁over ▁ 3 5 0 , 0 0 0 ▁English ▁and ▁local ▁language ▁children ’ s ▁books , ▁enc ycl oped ias ▁and ▁reference ▁books ▁ ▁Creat ing ▁color ful , ▁child - safe ▁libraries ▁with ▁new ▁tables ▁and ▁chairs , ▁fresh ▁paint , ▁educational ▁post ers , ▁and ▁a ▁world ▁globe ▁▁ ▁Est ablish ing ▁over ▁ 6 0 0 ▁libraries ▁in ▁rural ▁elementary ▁schools ▁and ▁or phan ages ▁in ▁ 2 1 ▁provin ces ▁throughout ▁China ▁and ▁Vietnam ▁ ▁Loc ations ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁works ▁in ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁most ▁remote ▁regions ▁of ▁China . ▁T LP ▁has ▁established ▁libraries ▁in ▁ 2 1 ▁provin ces ▁throughout ▁China ▁with ▁special ▁focus ▁on ▁S ich uan , ▁An hui ▁and ▁Sha ax i ▁provin ces ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 2 , ▁T LP ▁will ▁expand ▁their ▁operations ▁within ▁Vietnam . ▁ ▁Some ▁of ▁regions ▁and ▁provin ces ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁works : ▁ ▁An hui ▁Province : ▁F uy ang , ▁He fe i ▁Beijing ▁Ch ong q ing ▁Gu ang d ong ▁Province : ▁Hey uan , ▁Q ing y uan ▁Gu iz hou ▁Province : ▁G ui y ang ▁H ube i ▁Province : ▁Wu han , ▁X i ang fan ▁In ner ▁Mong olia ▁Province : ▁Er d os , ▁H uh hot ▁Ji ang su ▁Province : ▁W ux i ▁J il in ▁Province : ▁Ch ang ch un ▁L ia oning ▁Province : ▁Dal ian , ▁D and ong , |
▁S hen y ang ▁N ing x ia ▁Province : ▁Y inch uan ▁Sha an xi ▁Province : ▁X i ’ an , ▁B ao ji , ▁An k ang , ▁Yan an , ▁We in an , ▁H anz h ong , ▁X ian y ang ▁Sh and ong ▁Province : ▁Jin an , ▁L iny i , ▁D ong ying ▁Shanghai ▁Shan xi ▁Province : ▁Tai y uan ▁S ich uan ▁Province : ▁Chen g du , ▁Gu an ghan , ▁Gu ang y uan ▁X in ji ang ▁Province : ▁U rm u q i ▁Y unn an ▁Province : ▁K un ming ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁The ▁Library ▁Project ▁Website ▁ ▁Category : E duc ational ▁char ities ▁Category : Child - related ▁organizations ▁in ▁China ▁Category : Child ▁education ▁organizations ▁Category : Char ities ▁based ▁in ▁Arizona ▁Category : Library - related ▁organizations ▁Category : Organ izations ▁promoting ▁liter acy ▁Category : Foreign ▁char ities ▁operating ▁in ▁China <0x0A> </s> ▁A ▁st anza ▁is ▁a ▁unit ▁of ▁poetry ▁within ▁a ▁larger ▁poem . ▁ ▁Stan za ▁may ▁also ▁refer ▁to : ▁▁ ▁Lex cycle ▁Stan za , ▁a ▁program ▁for ▁reading ▁e Book s , ▁digital ▁newspapers , ▁and ▁other ▁digital ▁publications ▁ ▁N iss an ▁Stan za , ▁an ▁autom obile ▁manufactured ▁by ▁N iss an ▁ ▁Stan za ▁Po etry ▁Festival , ▁a ▁poetry ▁festival ▁in ▁St . ▁Andrew s , ▁Scotland ▁ ▁Stan za ▁( comput ing ) <0x0A> </s> ▁Tw |
ort ▁is ▁an ▁English ▁surn ame . ▁Not able ▁people ▁with ▁this ▁surn ame ▁include ▁- ▁ ▁Frederick ▁Tw ort ▁( 1 8 7 7 – 1 9 5 0 ), ▁bacter i ologist ▁Fl ora ▁Tw ort ▁( 1 8 9 3 – 1 9 8 5 ), ▁artist ▁and ▁book shop ▁propriet or <0x0A> </s> ▁Peter ▁Og he ne br or h ien ▁O mod u emu ke ▁( born ▁ 9 ▁June ▁ 1 9 8 4 ) ▁is ▁a ▁Niger ian ▁professional ▁football er ▁who ▁plays ▁as ▁a ▁mid f iel der . ▁ ▁Career ▁As ▁a ▁teenager , ▁O mod u emu ke ▁moved ▁to ▁Italy ▁and ▁signed ▁with ▁Liv orno . ▁He ▁subsequently ▁joined ▁Al ess and ria ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 1 , ▁before ▁returning ▁to ▁Liv orno ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁After wards , ▁O mod u emu ke ▁also ▁played ▁for ▁Mass ese , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁V ig ev ano . ▁He ▁later ▁moved ▁to ▁Ser bia ▁and ▁Mont en eg ro ▁and ▁joined ▁Part iz an , ▁but ▁was ▁immediately ▁loan ed ▁to ▁affiliate ▁side ▁Tele opt ik . ▁In ▁September ▁ 2 0 0 5 , ▁O mod u emu ke ▁broke ▁Vlad imir ▁V uk aj lov ić ' s ▁leg ▁with ▁a ▁tackle ▁during ▁a ▁training ▁session . ▁He ▁was ▁then ▁sent ▁on ▁loan ▁to ▁top - fl ight ▁club ▁Ob ili ć ▁in ▁early ▁ 2 0 0 6 . ▁ ▁In ▁late ▁ |
2 0 0 6 , ▁O mod u emu ke ▁moved ▁to ▁Rom ania ▁for ▁a ▁trial ▁at ▁Pol ite hn ica ▁Tim i ș o ara . ▁He ▁later ▁signed ▁with ▁the ▁club , ▁helping ▁the ▁side ▁reach ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁Cup a ▁Rom â nie i ▁Final . ▁Over ▁the ▁next ▁few ▁years , ▁O mod u emu ke ▁also ▁played ▁for ▁C eah l ă ul ▁P iat ra ▁Ne am ț ▁and ▁Min er ul ▁L up eni . ▁ ▁Between ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁and ▁ 2 0 1 5 , ▁O mod u emu ke ▁played ▁for ▁Viet names e ▁clubs ▁Nin h ▁B ì nh , ▁Th an ▁Qu ả ng ▁Nin h , ▁and ▁ Đ ồ ng ▁N ai . ▁ ▁Hon ours ▁Pol ite hn ica ▁Tim i ș o ara ▁ ▁Cup a ▁Rom â nie i : ▁Run ner - up ▁ 2 0 0 6 – 0 7 ▁Nin h ▁B ì nh ▁ ▁Viet names e ▁Cup : ▁ 2 0 1 3 ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁▁▁ ▁Muse o ▁Gr ig io ▁ ▁Category : N iger ian ▁football ers ▁Category : A . S . ▁Liv orno ▁Cal cio ▁players ▁Category : Associ ation ▁football ▁mid field ers ▁Category : CS ▁Min er ul ▁L up eni ▁players ▁Category : CS M ▁C eah l ă ul ▁P iat ra ▁Ne am ț ▁players ▁Category : Đ ồ ng ▁N |
ai ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Italy ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Rom ania ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Ser bia ▁and ▁Mont en eg ro ▁Category : Ex pat ri ate ▁football ers ▁in ▁Vietnam ▁Category : FC ▁Pol ite hn ica ▁Tim i ș o ara ▁players ▁Category : First ▁League ▁of ▁Ser bia ▁and ▁Mont en eg ro ▁players ▁Category : F K ▁Ob ili ć ▁players ▁Category : F K ▁Part iz an ▁players ▁Category : F K ▁Tele opt ik ▁players ▁Category : L iga ▁I ▁players ▁Category : L iga ▁II ▁players ▁Category : N iger ian ▁exp atri ate ▁football ers ▁Category : N iger ian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Italy ▁Category : N iger ian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Rom ania ▁Category : N iger ian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Ser bia ▁and ▁Mont en eg ro ▁Category : N iger ian ▁exp atri ate ▁sports people ▁in ▁Vietnam ▁Category : Than ▁Qu ả ng ▁Nin h ▁F . C . ▁players ▁Category : U . S . ▁Al ess and ria ▁Cal cio ▁ 1 9 1 2 ▁players ▁Category : V . Le ague ▁ 1 ▁players ▁Category : 1 9 8 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people <0x0A> </s> ▁This ▁is ▁a ▁part ▁of ▁He brew ▁literature ▁The ▁earliest ▁known ▁pre cursor ▁to ▁He brew ▁is ▁an |
▁in scription ▁in ▁Anc ient ▁He brew ▁is ▁the ▁Kh ir bet ▁Q e iy af a ▁In scription ▁( 1 1 th – 1 0 th ▁century ▁B CE ), ▁if ▁it ▁can ▁indeed ▁be ▁considered ▁He brew ▁at ▁that ▁early ▁a ▁stage . ▁By ▁far ▁the ▁most ▁varied , ▁extensive ▁and ▁histor ically ▁significant ▁body ▁of ▁ ▁literature ▁written ▁in ▁the ▁old ▁Class ical ▁He brew ▁is ▁the ▁canon ▁of ▁the ▁He brew ▁Bible ▁( comm only ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁the ▁" T an akh " ▁by ▁Jews , ▁the ▁" Old ▁Testament " ▁by ▁Christians ), ▁but ▁certain ▁other ▁works ▁have ▁survived ▁as ▁well . ▁It ▁was ▁not ▁unusual ▁for ▁ancient ▁narr atives , ▁poetry ▁and ▁rules ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁trans mitted ▁or ally ▁for ▁several ▁generations ▁before ▁being ▁committed ▁to ▁writing . ▁Before ▁the ▁Ar ama ic - der ived ▁modern ▁He brew ▁al phabet ▁was ▁adopted ▁circa ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁century ▁B CE , ▁the ▁Ph oen ician - der ived ▁P ale o - H eb rew ▁script ▁was ▁used ▁instead ▁for ▁writing , ▁and ▁a ▁derivative ▁of ▁the ▁script ▁still ▁surv ives ▁to ▁this ▁day ▁in ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁the ▁Sam ar itan ▁script . ▁ ▁Or ig ins , ▁dialect s ▁and ▁classification ▁ ▁The ▁He brew ▁language ▁developed ▁out ▁of ▁the ▁C ana an ite ▁language , ▁and ▁some ▁Sem it ist ▁scholars ▁consider ▁both ▁He brew ▁and ▁Ph oen ician ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁essentially ▁dialect s ▁of ▁C ana an ite . |
▁ ▁The ▁language ▁variety ▁in ▁which ▁the ▁Mas oret ic ▁b iblical ▁text ▁is ▁written ▁is ▁known ▁as ▁B iblical ▁He brew ▁or ▁Class ical ▁He brew ▁( ▁ 1 0 th ▁century ▁B CE ▁– ▁ 1 st ▁century ▁CE ). ▁Var ieties ▁of ▁He brew ▁were ▁spoken ▁not ▁only ▁by ▁the ▁ancient ▁Israel ites ▁but ▁also ▁in ▁adjacent ▁kingdom s ▁east ▁and ▁south ▁of ▁the ▁Jordan ▁River , ▁where ▁distinct ▁non - Is rael ite ▁dialect s ▁existed , ▁now ▁ext inct : ▁Am mon ite , ▁Mo ab ite ▁and ▁Ed om ite . ▁After ▁the ▁inhabitants ▁of ▁the ▁Northern ▁Kingdom ▁of ▁Israel ▁had ▁been ▁deport ed ▁from ▁their ▁hom eland ▁following ▁the ▁Ass y rian ▁con quest ▁in ▁approximately ▁ 7 2 1 ▁B CE , ▁an ▁equivalent ▁lingu istic ▁shift ▁occurred . ▁In ▁the ▁Second ▁Temple ▁period ▁since ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁ex ile , ▁beginning ▁in ▁the ▁ 5 th ▁century ▁B CE , ▁the ▁two ▁known ▁rem n ants ▁of ▁the ▁twelve ▁Israel ite ▁tribes ▁came ▁to ▁be ▁referred ▁to ▁as ▁Jews ▁and ▁Sam ar it ans ▁( see ▁Sam ar itan ▁He brew ). ▁ ▁Unlike ▁Sam ar itan ▁and ▁B iblical ▁He brew , ▁the ▁other ▁varieties ▁are ▁poorly ▁studied ▁due ▁to ▁ins ufficient ▁data . ▁It ▁may ▁be ▁argued ▁that ▁they ▁are ▁independent ▁languages , ▁as ▁the ▁distinction ▁between ▁language ▁and ▁dialect ▁is ▁ambig uous . ▁They ▁are ▁known ▁only ▁from ▁very ▁small ▁corpor a , ▁coming ▁from ▁se als , ▁o str |
aca , ▁transl iter ations ▁of ▁names ▁in ▁foreign ▁texts ▁and , ▁in ▁particular , ▁the ▁following ▁in scriptions : ▁Mes ha ▁Ste le ▁( 9 th ▁century ▁B CE ), ▁the ▁longest ▁Mo ab ite ▁text ▁known ; ▁El - K er ak ▁St ela ▁( 9 th ▁century ▁B CE ), ▁ 3 ▁lines ▁of ▁Mo ab ite ▁writing ; ▁Am man ▁Cit adel ▁In scription ▁( 9 th ▁century ▁B CE ), ▁ 8 ▁lines ▁of ▁Am mon ite ▁writing . ▁ ▁He brew ▁and ▁Ph oen ician ▁are ▁classified ▁as ▁C ana an ite ▁languages , ▁which , ▁along ▁with ▁Ar ama ic ▁const itute ▁the ▁North west ▁Sem it ic ▁( L ev antine ) ▁language ▁family . ▁Extra - b iblical ▁C ana an ite ▁in scriptions ▁are ▁gathered ▁along ▁with ▁Ar ama ic ▁in scriptions ▁in ▁ed itions ▁of ▁the ▁book ▁" K ana an ä ische ▁und ▁Ar am ä ische ▁In sch rif ten ", ▁from ▁which ▁they ▁may ▁be ▁refer enced ▁as ▁K AI ▁n ▁( for ▁a ▁number ▁n ); ▁for ▁example , ▁the ▁Mes ha ▁Ste le ▁is ▁" K AI ▁ 1 8 1 ". ▁ ▁The ▁De ir ▁All a ▁In scription ▁( c . ▁ 8 4 0 – 7 6 0 ▁B CE ), ▁which ▁is ▁written ▁in ▁a ▁peculiar ▁North west ▁Sem it ic ▁dialect , ▁has ▁prov oked ▁much ▁debate ▁among ▁scholars ▁and ▁had ▁a ▁strong ▁impact ▁on ▁the ▁study ▁of ▁He brew ▁language ▁history |
. ▁ ▁The ▁He brew ▁Bible ▁ ▁The ▁He brew ▁Bible , ▁is ▁commonly ▁known ▁in ▁Jud a ism ▁as ▁the ▁" T an akh ", ▁it ▁being ▁a ▁vocal ization ▁of ▁the ▁ac ron ym ▁T N K ▁( ת ַ ּ נ ַ " ך ְ ): ▁Tor ah ▁(" T each ings "), ▁Nev i ' im ▁(" Prop he ts ") ▁and ▁K et uv im ▁(" Writ ings "). In ▁Christianity ▁it ' s ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁" Old ▁Testament ". ▁The ▁Bible ▁is ▁not ▁a ▁single , ▁mon ol ith ic ▁piece ▁of ▁literature ▁because ▁each ▁of ▁these ▁three ▁sections , ▁in ▁turn , ▁contains ▁books ▁written ▁at ▁different ▁times ▁by ▁different ▁authors . ▁All ▁books ▁of ▁the ▁Bible ▁are ▁not ▁strictly ▁religious ▁in ▁nature ; ▁for ▁example , ▁The ▁Song ▁of ▁Songs ▁is ▁a ▁love ▁poem ▁and , ▁along ▁with ▁The ▁Book ▁of ▁Est her , ▁does ▁not ▁explicitly ▁mention ▁God . ▁ ▁" Tor ah " ▁in ▁this ▁instance ▁refers ▁to ▁the ▁Pent ate uch ▁( to ▁parallel ▁Ch um ash , ▁ ח ו מ ש ), ▁so ▁called ▁because ▁it ▁consists ▁of ▁five ▁books : ▁Gen esis , ▁Ex od us , ▁Num bers , ▁Lev it icus ▁and ▁De uter onomy . ▁It ▁is ▁the ▁core ▁script ure ▁of ▁Jud a ism ▁and ▁Sam ar itan ism , ▁hon ored ▁in ▁these ▁relig ions ▁as ▁the ▁most ▁sacred ▁of ▁script ure . ▁It ▁is ▁sometimes ▁called ▁the ▁" F ive ▁Books ▁of |
▁Moses " ▁because ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁Jewish ▁tradition , ▁the ▁Tor ah , ▁as ▁a ▁div inely ▁inspired ▁text , ▁was ▁given ▁to ▁Moses ▁by ▁God ▁himself ▁on ▁Mount ▁S ina i ▁during ▁the ▁Ex od us ▁of ▁the ▁Israel ites ▁from ▁Egypt , ▁which ▁is ▁port rayed ▁as ▁the ▁founding ▁event ▁in ▁the ▁formation ▁of ▁the ▁Israel ite ▁religion . ▁Other ▁than ▁discussing ▁the ▁Ex od us ▁itself ▁and ▁the ▁journey ▁to ▁the ▁Prom ised ▁Land , ▁the ▁Pent ate uch ▁has ▁such ▁themes ▁as ▁the ▁origin ▁of ▁the ▁world , ▁of ▁humanity ▁and ▁of ▁the ▁ancient ▁Israel ites , ▁the ▁ancestors ▁of ▁modern - day ▁Jews . ▁ ▁The ▁Nev i ' im ▁section ▁of ▁the ▁He brew ▁Bible ▁consists ▁of ▁two ▁sub - div isions : ▁the ▁Former ▁Prop he ts ▁( ▁, ▁the ▁narrative ▁books ▁of ▁Joshua , ▁Jud ges , ▁Samuel ▁and ▁Kings ) ▁and ▁the ▁L atter ▁Prop he ts ▁( ▁, ▁the ▁books ▁of ▁Isa iah , ▁Jer em iah ▁and ▁E zek iel ▁and ▁the ▁Tw elve ▁Minor ▁Prop he ts ). ▁The ▁first ▁sub - div ision ▁speaks ▁much ▁about ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁Israel ites ▁following ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁Moses , ▁arrival ▁to ▁the ▁Prom ised ▁Land ▁and ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁the ▁kingdom ▁up ▁until ▁the ▁Sie ge ▁of ▁Jerusalem ▁by ▁the ▁Ne o - B ab ylon ▁Empire ▁in ▁ 5 8 6 ▁B CE . ▁ ▁The ▁K et uv im ▁sector ▁of ▁the ▁He brew ▁Bible ▁is ▁a ▁collection ▁of |
▁philosoph ical ▁and ▁artistic ▁literature ▁believed ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁written ▁under ▁the ▁influence ▁of ▁Ru ach ▁ha - K odes h ▁( the ▁Holy ▁Spirit ). ▁It ▁consists ▁of ▁ 1 1 ▁books : ▁Daniel , ▁Ez ra - Ne hem iah , ▁Chron icles , ▁five ▁books ▁known ▁as ▁the ▁Ch ames h ▁Meg il ot ▁and ▁three ▁poet ic ▁books , ▁including ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁P sal ms , ▁quot ations ▁of ▁which ▁compr ise ▁a ▁large ▁portion ▁of ▁canonical ▁daily ▁prayers ▁in ▁Jud a ism . ▁ ▁D ating ▁and ▁auth orship ▁ ▁The ▁oldest ▁manuscript s ▁discovered ▁yet , ▁including ▁those ▁of ▁the ▁Dead ▁Sea ▁Sc roll s , ▁date ▁to ▁about ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁century ▁B CE . ▁While ▁Jewish ▁tradition ▁holds ▁that ▁the ▁Pent ate uch ▁was ▁written ▁between ▁the ▁ 1 6 th ▁century ▁and ▁the ▁ 1 2 th ▁century ▁B CE , ▁sec ular ▁scholars ▁are ▁virtually ▁un anim ous ▁in ▁reject ing ▁these ▁early ▁dat ings , ▁and ▁agree ▁that ▁there ▁was ▁a ▁final ▁re da ction ▁some ▁time ▁between ▁ 9 0 0 – 4 5 0 ▁B CE . ▁The ▁traditional ▁view ▁is ▁that ▁all ▁five ▁books ▁were ▁written ▁in ▁immediate ▁success ion , ▁but ▁some ▁scholars ▁believe ▁that ▁De uter onomy ▁was ▁written ▁later ▁than ▁the ▁other ▁four ▁books . ▁ ▁The ▁traditional ▁Jewish ▁view ▁regarding ▁the ▁auth orship ▁of ▁the ▁Pent ate uch ▁is ▁that ▁it ▁was ▁written ▁by ▁Moses ▁under ▁God ' s ▁order , ▁except ▁for |
▁the ▁last ▁eight ▁vers es ▁of ▁De uter onomy ▁which ▁describe ▁the ▁death ▁of ▁Moses . ▁In ▁sec ular ▁schol arly ▁circles ▁by ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 1 9 th ▁century , ▁a ▁popular ▁proposition ▁regarding ▁the ▁auth orship ▁was ▁the ▁documentary ▁hypothesis , ▁which ▁has ▁remained ▁quite ▁influential ▁to ▁this ▁day , ▁despite ▁criticism . ▁The ▁books ▁of ▁the ▁prop he ts ▁are ▁entitled ▁in ▁accordance ▁with ▁the ▁alleged ▁auth orship . ▁Some ▁books ▁in ▁the ▁K et uv im ▁are ▁attributed ▁to ▁important ▁historical ▁figures ▁( e . g ., ▁the ▁Pro ver bs ▁to ▁King ▁Sol omon , ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁P sal ms ▁to ▁King ▁David ), ▁but ▁it ▁is ▁generally ▁agreed ▁that ▁verification ▁of ▁such ▁auth orship ▁claims ▁is ▁extremely ▁difficult ▁if ▁not ▁impossible , ▁and ▁many ▁believe ▁some ▁or ▁even ▁all ▁of ▁the ▁attribut ions ▁in ▁the ▁canon ▁and ▁the ▁ap oc ry pha ▁to ▁be ▁pse ude p ig raph al . ▁ ▁Sch ol ars ▁believe ▁that ▁the ▁Song ▁of ▁the ▁Sea ▁( Ex od us ▁ 1 5 ) ▁was ▁compiled ▁and ▁passed ▁or ally ▁before ▁it ▁was ▁quoted ▁in ▁the ▁Book ▁of ▁Ex od us ▁and ▁that ▁it ▁is ▁among ▁the ▁most ▁ancient ▁poems ▁in ▁the ▁history ▁of ▁literature , ▁perhaps ▁going ▁back ▁to ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁mill enn ium ▁B CE . ▁The ▁Song ▁of ▁Moses ▁( De uter onomy ▁ 3 2 : 1 – 4 3 ) ▁and ▁the ▁Song ▁of ▁Deb or ah ▁( J ud ges |
▁ 5 ) ▁were ▁written ▁in ▁Arch a ic ▁B iblical ▁He brew , ▁also ▁called ▁Old ▁He brew ▁or ▁P ale o - H eb rew ▁( 1 0 th – 6 th ▁centuries ▁B CE , ▁corresponding ▁to ▁the ▁Mon arch ic ▁Period ▁until ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Ex ile ). ▁ ▁Sam ar itan ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Tor ah ▁▁ ▁The ▁only ▁descend ants ▁of ▁the ▁Israel ites ▁who ▁have ▁preserved ▁He brew ▁texts ▁are ▁the ▁Jews ▁and ▁the ▁Sam ar it ans ▁and , ▁of ▁the ▁latter , ▁there ▁are ▁but ▁a ▁few ▁hundred ▁left . ▁Both ▁the ▁Sam ar itan ▁religion ▁and ▁the ▁ind igenous ▁Sam ar itan ▁language , ▁which ▁today ▁is ▁used ▁only ▁lit urg ically , ▁differ ▁somewhat ▁from ▁their ▁Jewish ▁counter parts , ▁though ▁the ▁difference ▁between ▁the ▁language ▁varieties ▁is ▁only ▁dialect al . ▁The ▁canon ▁of ▁the ▁Sam ar it ans ▁consists ▁solely ▁of ▁a ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Pent ate uch . ▁It ▁is ▁slightly ▁different ▁from ▁the ▁Jewish ▁Mas oret ic ▁version . ▁Most ▁are ▁minor ▁variations ▁in ▁the ▁sp elling ▁of ▁words ▁or ▁gram mat ical ▁const ructions , ▁but ▁others ▁involve ▁significant ▁sem antic ▁changes , ▁such ▁as ▁the ▁uniqu ely ▁Sam ar itan ▁command ment ▁to ▁construct ▁an ▁alt ar ▁on ▁Mount ▁Ger iz im . ▁Rem ark ably , ▁it ▁is ▁to ▁this ▁day ▁written ▁in ▁a ▁script ▁which ▁developed ▁from ▁the ▁pale o - H eb rew ▁script ▁( nam ely ▁the ▁Sam ar itan ▁script |
), ▁whereas ▁the ▁common ▁" H eb rew ▁script " ▁is ▁in ▁fact ▁a ▁st yl ized ▁version ▁of ▁the ▁Ar ama ic ▁script , ▁not ▁of ▁the ▁pale o - H eb rew ▁script . ▁ ▁Early ▁rab bin ic ▁literature ▁ ▁Post - B iblical ▁He brew ▁writ ings ▁include ▁rab bin ic ▁works ▁of ▁Mid r ash , ▁M ish nah , ▁and ▁Tal m ud . ▁In ▁addition , ▁there ▁are ▁non - rab bin ic ▁He brew ▁texts ▁from ▁the ▁Second ▁Temple ▁and ▁subsequent ▁periods . ▁ ▁The ▁subject ▁of ▁the ▁Tal m ud ▁is ▁the ▁Tor ah - der ived ▁Hal akh ah , ▁Jewish ▁religious ▁law , ▁which ▁at ▁the ▁time ▁of ▁its ▁writing ▁was ▁ind ist ingu ish able ▁from ▁sec ular ▁law , ▁as ▁indeed ▁the ▁dich ot omy ▁had ▁not ▁yet ▁ar isen . ▁The ▁Tal m ud ▁has ▁two ▁components ▁to ▁it : ▁the ▁M ish nah , ▁which ▁is ▁the ▁main ▁text , ▁red act ed ▁between ▁ 1 8 0 ▁and ▁ 2 2 0 ▁CE , ▁and ▁the ▁Gem ar ah , ▁the ▁canon ized ▁comment ary ▁to ▁the ▁M ish nah . ▁Very ▁roughly , ▁there ▁are ▁two ▁traditions ▁of ▁M ish nah ▁text : ▁one ▁found ▁in ▁manuscript s ▁and ▁printed ▁ed itions ▁of ▁the ▁M ish nah ▁on ▁its ▁own , ▁or ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁Jerusalem ▁Tal m ud ▁( T al m ud ▁Y er ush al mi ), ▁the ▁other ▁is ▁found ▁in |
▁manuscript s ▁and ▁ed itions ▁of ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Tal m ud ▁( T al m ud ▁B av li ). ▁Unless ▁otherwise ▁specified , ▁the ▁word ▁" T al m ud " ▁on ▁its ▁own ▁is ▁normally ▁understood ▁to ▁mean ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Tal m ud . ▁ ▁The ▁Jerusalem ▁Tal m ud ▁was ▁compiled ▁in ▁the ▁ 4 th ▁century ▁CE ▁in ▁Gal ile e , ▁and ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Tal m ud ▁was ▁compiled ▁about ▁the ▁year ▁ 5 0 0 ▁CE , ▁although ▁it ▁continued ▁to ▁be ▁edited ▁later . ▁While ▁the ▁Pent ate uch ▁is ▁sometimes ▁called ▁the ▁" Wr itten ▁Tor ah ", ▁the ▁M ish nah ▁is ▁contrast ed ▁as ▁the ▁" O ral ▁Tor ah " ▁because ▁it ▁was ▁passed ▁down ▁or ally ▁between ▁generations ▁until ▁its ▁contents ▁were ▁finally ▁committed ▁to ▁writing ▁following ▁the ▁destruction ▁of ▁the ▁Second ▁Temple ▁in ▁ 7 0 ▁CE , ▁when ▁Jewish ▁civilization ▁was ▁faced ▁with ▁an ▁exist ential ▁threat . ▁ ▁Des cent ▁from ▁the ▁Tal m ud ic ▁tradition ▁is ▁the ▁defining ▁feature ▁of ▁Rab bin ic ▁Jud a ism . ▁In ▁Rab bin ic ▁Jud a ism ▁it ▁is ▁believed ▁that ▁the ▁oral ▁traditions ▁cod ified ▁in ▁the ▁O ral ▁Tor ah ▁were ▁co - g iven ▁with ▁the ▁Wr itten ▁Tor ah ▁to ▁Moses ▁on ▁Mount ▁S ina i . ▁This ▁belief ▁has , ▁in ▁contrast , ▁been ▁rejected ▁by ▁the ▁Sad du ce es ▁and ▁H ellen istic ▁Jews ▁during ▁the |
▁Second ▁Temple ▁period , ▁the ▁Kar ait es ▁and ▁Sab b ate ans ▁during ▁the ▁early ▁and ▁later ▁medieval ▁period , ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁modern ▁non - Or th odox ▁denom inations : ▁Re form ▁Jud a ism ▁sees ▁all ▁script ure ▁as ▁derived ▁from ▁human ▁experience ▁of ▁the ▁divine , ▁Conservative ▁Jud a ism ▁holds ▁that ▁at ▁the ▁very ▁least ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁oral ▁law ▁is ▁man - made , ▁and ▁Re construction ist ▁Jud a ism ▁den ies ▁the ▁very ▁idea ▁of ▁revel ation . ▁The ▁vast ▁majority ▁of ▁Jews ▁today ▁come ▁from ▁a ▁Rab bin ic ▁Jewish ▁background . ▁K ara ite ▁Jud a ism ▁is ▁considered ▁the ▁main ▁contrast ▁to ▁Rab bin ic ▁Jud a ism ▁in ▁our ▁days , ▁but ▁even ▁though ▁Kar ait es ▁const ituted ▁close ▁to ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁global ▁Jewish ▁population ▁around ▁the ▁early ▁ 2 nd ▁mill enn ium ▁CE , ▁today ▁there ▁but ▁a ▁few ▁tens ▁of ▁thousands ▁left . ▁ ▁The ▁language ▁and ▁style ▁of ▁the ▁Tal m ud ▁ ▁Of ▁the ▁two ▁main ▁components ▁of ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Tal m ud , ▁the ▁M ish nah ▁is ▁written ▁in ▁M ish na ic ▁He brew . ▁Within ▁the ▁Gem ara , ▁the ▁quot ations ▁from ▁the ▁M ish nah ▁and ▁the ▁Bar ait as ▁and ▁vers es ▁of ▁Tan akh ▁quoted ▁and ▁embedded ▁in ▁the ▁Gem ara ▁are ▁in ▁He brew . ▁The ▁rest ▁of ▁the ▁Gem ara , ▁including ▁the ▁discussions ▁of ▁the ▁Am or aim ▁and ▁the |
▁overall ▁framework , ▁is ▁in ▁a ▁characteristic ▁dialect ▁of ▁Jewish ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Ar ama ic . ▁There ▁are ▁occasional ▁quot ations ▁from ▁older ▁works ▁in ▁other ▁dialect s ▁of ▁Ar ama ic , ▁such ▁as ▁Meg ill at ▁Ta an it . ▁Overall , ▁He brew ▁const itutes ▁somewhat ▁less ▁than ▁half ▁of ▁the ▁text ▁of ▁the ▁Tal m ud . ▁ ▁This ▁difference ▁in ▁language ▁is ▁due ▁to ▁the ▁long ▁time ▁period ▁el aps ing ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁comp il ations . ▁During ▁the ▁period ▁of ▁the ▁T ann aim ▁( r abb is ▁cited ▁in ▁the ▁M ish nah ), ▁the ▁spoken ▁ver n acular ▁of ▁Jews ▁in ▁Jud ae a ▁was ▁a ▁late ▁form ▁of ▁He brew ▁known ▁as ▁Rab bin ic ▁or ▁M ish na ic ▁He brew , ▁whereas ▁during ▁the ▁period ▁of ▁the ▁Am or aim ▁( r abb is ▁cited ▁in ▁the ▁Gem ara ), ▁which ▁began ▁around ▁ 2 0 0 ▁CE , ▁the ▁spoken ▁ver n acular ▁was ▁Ar ama ic . ▁He brew ▁continued ▁to ▁be ▁used ▁for ▁the ▁writing ▁of ▁religious ▁texts , ▁poetry , ▁and ▁so ▁forth . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁significant ▁differences ▁between ▁the ▁two ▁Tal m ud ▁comp il ations . ▁The ▁language ▁of ▁the ▁Jerusalem ▁Tal m ud ▁is ▁a ▁Western ▁Ar ama ic ▁dialect , ▁which ▁diff ers ▁from ▁the ▁form ▁of ▁Ar ama ic ▁in ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Tal m ud . ▁The ▁Jerusalem ▁Tal m ud ▁is ▁often ▁fragment ary ▁and ▁difficult ▁to |
▁read , ▁even ▁for ▁experienced ▁Tal m ud ists . ▁The ▁re da ction ▁of ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Tal m ud , ▁on ▁the ▁other ▁hand , ▁is ▁more ▁careful ▁and ▁precise . ▁The ▁law ▁as ▁laid ▁down ▁in ▁the ▁two ▁comp il ations ▁is ▁basically ▁similar , ▁except ▁in ▁emphasis ▁and ▁in ▁minor ▁details . ▁The ▁Jerusalem ▁Tal m ud ▁has ▁not ▁received ▁much ▁attention ▁from ▁comment ators , ▁and ▁such ▁traditional ▁comment aries ▁as ▁exist ▁are ▁mostly ▁concerned ▁with ▁comparing ▁its ▁teach ings ▁to ▁those ▁of ▁the ▁Bab ylon ian ▁Tal m ud . ▁ ▁Mis cell aneous ▁extr ac an onical ▁literature ▁ ▁Relig ious ▁texts ▁whose ▁authentic ity ▁is ▁not ▁officially ▁recognized ▁are ▁term ed ▁ap oc ry ph al . ▁Many ▁texts ▁have ▁been ▁lost . ▁No ▁Sad du ce e ▁texts ▁are ▁ext ant . ▁ ▁The ▁Sept u ag int ▁included ▁ 1 4 ▁books ▁accepted ▁by ▁Christians ▁but ▁excluded ▁from ▁the ▁ 2 4 - book ▁He brew ▁Bible ▁canon ▁( i . e ., ▁Tan akh ), ▁not ▁all ▁of ▁them ▁written ▁originally ▁in ▁He brew . ▁The ▁Gree ks ▁use ▁the ▁word ▁An ag ign os kom ena ▁( Ἀ ν α γ ι γ ν ω σ κ ό μ ε ν α ▁" read able , ▁worthy ▁to ▁be ▁read ") ▁to ▁describe ▁these ▁books . ▁The ▁Eastern ▁Orth odox ▁Ch urches ▁have ▁tradition ally ▁included ▁all ▁of ▁them ▁in ▁their ▁Old ▁Test aments . ▁Most ▁of ▁them , ▁the |
▁ones ▁named ▁De uter oc an onical , ▁are ▁considered ▁canonical ▁also ▁by ▁the ▁Roman ▁Catholic ▁Church . ▁ ▁A ▁significant ▁number ▁of ▁ap oc ry ph al ▁works ▁was ▁written ▁in ▁the ▁Second ▁Temple ▁Period ▁( 5 3 0 ▁B CE ▁– ▁ 7 0 ▁CE ); ▁see ▁also ▁Second ▁Temple ▁Jud a ism . ▁Some ▁examples : ▁The ▁Book ▁of ▁J ub ile es , ▁an ▁alternative ▁narr ation ▁of ▁Gen esis ▁and ▁Ex od us ▁The ▁Book ▁of ▁E no ch ▁The ▁Book ▁of ▁Tob it ▁The ▁Wis dom ▁of ▁Sir ach ▁P sal ms ▁ 1 5 2 – 1 5 5 ▁ ▁The ▁discovery ▁of ▁the ▁Q um ran ▁C aves ▁Sc roll s ▁( 3 rd ▁century ▁B CE ▁– ▁ 1 st ▁century ▁CE ), ▁un ve iled ▁previously ▁unknown ▁documents ▁that ▁shed ▁light ▁on ▁the ▁rules ▁and ▁beliefs ▁of ▁a ▁particular ▁group ▁or ▁groups ▁within ▁greater ▁Jud a ism . ▁The ▁Q um ran ▁C aves ▁Sc roll s ▁en compass ▁most ▁of ▁the ▁Dead ▁Sea ▁Sc roll s . ▁They ▁are ▁associated ▁with ▁the ▁Ess enes . ▁Not able ▁examples : ▁The ▁Community ▁Rule ▁The ▁War ▁Sc roll ▁The ▁Hab ak k uk ▁Comment ary ▁The ▁Rule ▁of ▁the ▁B less ing ▁ ▁Se fer ▁Yet z ir ah ▁is ▁arg u ably ▁the ▁earliest ▁ext ant ▁book ▁on ▁Jewish ▁es oter icism , ▁although ▁some ▁early ▁comment ators ▁treated ▁it ▁as ▁a ▁treat ise ▁on ▁mathematical ▁and ▁lingu istic ▁theory ▁as ▁opposed ▁to |
▁Kab bal ah . ▁In ▁traditional ▁l ore , ▁the ▁book ▁is ▁asc ribed ▁to ▁the ▁Bron ze ▁Age ▁patri arch ▁Abraham . ▁Some ▁critical ▁scholars ▁argue ▁for ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁century ▁B CE ▁as ▁an ▁early ▁date ▁of ▁its ▁writing , ▁or ▁the ▁ 2 nd ▁century ▁CE , ▁or ▁even ▁later ▁origins . ▁ ▁He k hal ot ▁literature ▁is ▁a ▁genre ▁of ▁Jewish ▁es oter ic ▁and ▁revel atory ▁texts ▁produced ▁some ▁time ▁between ▁Late ▁Ant iqu ity ▁– ▁some ▁believe ▁from ▁Tal m ud ic ▁times ▁or ▁earlier ▁– ▁to ▁the ▁Early ▁Middle ▁A ges . ▁ ▁Many ▁non - can onical ▁books ▁are ▁references ▁in ▁the ▁Bible . ▁Most ▁of ▁them ▁have ▁been ▁lost . ▁ ▁Ep ig raph y ▁ ▁Besides ▁the ▁ 9 th ▁century ▁B CE ▁Am mon ite ▁Am man ▁Cit adel ▁In scription ▁and ▁Mo ab ite ▁Mes ha ▁Ste le ▁and ▁El - K er ak ▁St ela , ▁there ▁are ▁Israel ite ▁He brew ▁in scriptions ▁written ▁in ▁P ale o - ▁and ▁B iblical ▁He brew : ▁Kh ir bet ▁Q e iy af a ▁pot tery ▁sh erd ▁( 1 1 th – 1 0 th ▁centuries ▁B CE ) ▁Z ay it ▁Stone , ▁an ▁ab ec ed ary ▁( mid - 1 0 th ▁century ▁B CE ) ▁Ge zer ▁calendar ▁ ▁() ▁Sam aria ▁O str aca ▁ ▁( c . ▁ 8 5 0 – 7 5 0 ▁B CE ) ▁Mar ze ah |
▁Pap yr us ▁( 7 th ▁century ▁B CE ) ▁( cons ider ed ▁by ▁some ▁to ▁be ▁a ▁for gery ) ▁A ▁W id ow ' s ▁Pet ition ▁O str acon ▁( c . ▁ 9 th – 7 th ▁centuries ▁B CE ) ▁Sil o am ▁in scription ▁( c . ▁ 7 0 1 ▁B CE ) ▁L ML K ▁seal ▁( c . ▁ 7 0 0 ▁B CE ) ▁Mes ad ▁Hash avy ahu ▁o str acon ▁( c . ▁ 6 3 9 – 6 0 9 ▁B CE ) ▁Ek ron ▁Royal ▁D ed ic atory ▁In scription ▁( c . ▁ 6 0 0 ▁B CE ) ▁L ach ish ▁letters ▁( c . ▁ 5 9 8 ▁B CE ) ▁ 1 Q p H ab : ▁The ▁Hab ak k uk ▁P es her ▁( c . ▁ 1 0 0 ▁B CE ) ▁Gabriel ' s ▁R evel ation ▁( late ▁ 1 st ▁century ▁B CE ) ▁Bar ▁K ok hba ▁Rev olt ▁coin age ▁( 1 3 2 – 1 3 5 ▁CE ) ▁p M ur ▁ 4 2 : ▁Letter ▁Att est ing ▁Own ership ▁of ▁a ▁Cow ▁( c . ▁ 1 3 5 ▁CE ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 1 th - century ▁BC ▁establish ments ▁Category : 5 th - century ▁dis est ablish ments ▁▁ ▁He brew ▁He brew <0x0A> </s> ▁William ▁B rent ▁Hind s ▁( born ▁January ▁ |
1 6 , ▁ 1 9 7 4 ) ▁is ▁an ▁American ▁musician ▁best ▁known ▁as ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Atlanta , ▁Georgia ▁metal ▁band ▁M ast od on , ▁in ▁which ▁he ▁shares ▁guitar ▁duties ▁with ▁Bill ▁K elli her ▁and ▁vocal ▁duties ▁with ▁T roy ▁Sand ers ▁and ▁Br ann ▁D ail or . ▁ ▁Hind s ▁is ▁also ▁lead ▁guitar ist / s inger ▁for ▁the ▁surf abil ly ▁band ▁Fi end ▁Without ▁a ▁Face , ▁and ▁is ▁involved ▁in ▁other ▁projects , ▁including ▁classic ▁rock ▁bands ▁The ▁Blood ▁V ess els , ▁West ▁End ▁Mot el , ▁Four ▁H our ▁F og ger , ▁The ▁Last ▁of ▁the ▁Blue ▁E y ed ▁Dev ils , ▁Gir affe ▁T ong ue ▁Orchestra , ▁and ▁Legend ▁of ▁the ▁Se ag ull men . ▁ ▁Biography ▁In ▁M ast od on ' s ▁early ▁years , ▁Hind s ▁would ▁work ▁as ▁a ▁full - time ▁car p enter ▁when ▁not ▁tour ing ▁to ▁promote ▁the ▁band . ▁ ▁Hind s ▁left ▁Alabama ▁for ▁Atlanta , ▁Georgia ▁in ▁pursuit ▁of ▁a ▁music ▁career . ▁It ▁was ▁at ▁this ▁time ▁that ▁he ▁met ▁T roy ▁Sand ers , ▁a ▁future ▁member ▁of ▁M ast od on . ▁According ▁to ▁Sand ers , ▁he ▁" l ived ▁in ▁his ▁van ▁for ▁the ▁next ▁five ▁years ", ▁becoming ▁a ▁member ▁of ▁Sand ers ' ▁then ▁band , ▁Four ▁H our ▁F og ger . ▁The ▁first ▁practice ▁he ▁attended ▁with ▁this ▁band ▁he ▁alleg edly ▁" |
show ed ▁up ▁so ▁wasted ▁he ▁couldn ' t ▁even ▁play ". ▁ ▁Once ▁Four ▁H our ▁F og ger ▁fell ▁apart , ▁the ▁two ▁stuck ▁together , ▁eventually ▁meeting ▁Br ann ▁D ail or ▁and ▁Bill ▁K elli her ▁at ▁a ▁High ▁on ▁Fire ▁concert ▁in ▁" the ir ▁friend ' s ▁basement ". ▁The ▁four ▁began ▁a ▁new ▁musical ▁venture ▁with ▁then ▁singer ▁Eric ▁San er , ▁tour ing ▁the ▁southern ▁USA , ▁working ▁ 4 0 - hour ▁weeks ▁and ▁comm itting ▁to ▁the ▁band ▁in ▁their ▁spare ▁time . ▁The ▁band ' s ▁mainstream ▁success ▁would ▁ens ue ▁after ▁San er ▁left ▁the ▁band , ▁pushing ▁Hind s ▁to ▁the ▁fore front ▁not ▁just ▁as ▁a ▁guitar ist , ▁but ▁as ▁a ▁vocal ist ▁also , ▁the ▁duties ▁of ▁which ▁he ▁would ▁share ▁with ▁Sand ers . ▁ ▁Hind s ▁continues ▁to ▁concentrate ▁on ▁M ast od on , ▁with ▁the ▁majority ▁of ▁his ▁time ▁spent ▁tour ing ▁or ▁in ▁the ▁studio . ▁He ▁also ▁enjo ys ▁promoting ▁his ▁lesser - known ▁psy ched el ic ▁rock abil ly ▁band ▁Fi end ▁Without ▁a ▁Face ▁and ▁his ▁classic ▁rock ▁band ▁the ▁Blood ▁V ess els . ▁Hind s ▁composed ▁the ▁score ▁to ▁Jon ah ▁He x . ▁ ▁On ▁June ▁ 7 , ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Hind s ' ▁projects ▁Fi end ▁Without ▁a ▁Face ▁and ▁West ▁End ▁Mot el ▁released ▁a ▁split - double ▁CD ▁debut ▁studio ▁album . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 2 |
, ▁Hind s ▁formed ▁the ▁super group ▁Gir affe ▁T ong ue ▁Orchestra ▁with ▁fellow ▁guitar ist ▁Ben ▁We in man ▁of ▁The ▁D ill inger ▁E scape ▁Plan ▁fame , ▁Jane ' s ▁Add iction ▁former ▁bass ist ▁Eric ▁A very ▁and ▁The ▁Mars ▁Vol ta ▁former ▁drum mer , ▁Thomas ▁Pr id gen . ▁ ▁Hind s ▁will ▁be ▁working ▁with ▁psy ched el ic ▁rock ▁super group ▁Legend ▁of ▁the ▁Se ag ull men ▁along ▁with ▁Danny ▁Care y ▁of ▁Tool ▁and ▁others , ▁their ▁e pon ym ous ▁debut ▁album ▁is ▁set ▁to ▁be ▁released ▁on ▁ ▁February ▁ 9 , ▁ 2 0 1 8 ▁on ▁D ine ▁Al one ▁Records . ▁ ▁Equipment ▁ ▁Gu it ars ▁Hind s ▁fav ors ▁Gib son ▁F lying ▁V ' s , ▁typically ▁in ▁silver bur st ▁fin ishes , ▁but ▁also ▁owns ▁a ▁wide ▁variety ▁of ▁gu it ars ▁including ▁a ▁Gold top ▁Les ▁Paul , ▁a ▁Les ▁Paul ▁Fl orent ine , ▁a ▁Luc ite ▁F lying ▁V ▁built ▁by ▁the ▁Elect rical ▁Gu itar ▁Company , ▁a ▁Gib son ▁S G , ▁a ▁Gib son ▁S G ▁Custom , ▁Gib son ▁Expl or ers , ▁an ▁Am peg ▁Dan ▁Arm strong ▁P lex i ▁Gu itar ▁which ▁was ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁video ▁for ▁" O bl iv ion ," ▁and ▁a ▁Michael ▁Kelly ▁Phoenix ▁H ollow body . ▁He ▁also ▁has ▁two ▁custom ▁First ▁Act ▁gu it ars : ▁a ▁ 6 - string ▁used ▁in ▁the |
▁video ▁for ▁" Col ony ▁of ▁Bir ch men " ▁( which ▁has ▁asym met rical ▁horn s ▁such ▁as ▁those ▁seen ▁on ▁a ▁Mos rite ▁guitar , ▁a ▁Big s by ▁vibr ato , ▁silver bur st ▁finish , ▁and ▁a ▁M ast od on ▁logo ▁in la id ▁on ▁the ▁head stock ) ▁and ▁a ▁ 1 2 - string ▁DC ▁L ola , ▁also ▁with ▁a ▁silver bur st ▁finish , ▁used ▁on ▁the ▁Un hol y ▁Alliance ▁ 3 ▁tour ▁to ▁capture ▁a ▁full er ▁sound ▁while ▁guitar ist ▁Bill ▁K elli her ▁was ▁too ▁ill ▁to ▁perform . ▁ ▁Hind s ▁owns ▁a ▁guitar ▁similar ▁to ▁this ▁one , ▁though ▁his ▁has ▁only ▁nine ▁strings . ▁ ▁He ▁also ▁used ▁a ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁F ender ▁Str at oc aster ▁and ▁a ▁ 1 9 5 2 ▁F ender ▁Tele c aster ▁while ▁recording ▁" Cr ack ▁the ▁Sk ye ". ▁ ▁During ▁live ▁performances , ▁Hind s ▁fav ors ▁his ▁various ▁Silver bur st ▁F lying ▁V ' s . ▁He ▁often ▁performs ▁the ▁sol os ▁and ▁more ▁melod ic ▁parts , ▁whereas ▁Bill ▁K elli her ▁takes ▁rhythm ▁duties . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁Hind s ▁has ▁also ▁added ▁a ▁PR S ▁St arl a ▁to ▁his ▁collection , ▁as ▁seen ▁in ▁the ▁Mother load ▁video ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁live ▁performances ▁of ▁the ▁song . ▁As ▁revealed ▁in ▁the ▁" T une - U ps " ▁section ▁of ▁the ▁October |
▁ 2 0 0 7 ▁issue ▁of ▁Gu itar ▁World , ▁the ▁two ▁guitar ists ▁use ▁three ▁tun ings : ▁D ▁Standard ▁( E ▁standard ▁down ▁one ▁whole ▁step , ▁D ▁G ▁C ▁F ▁A ▁D ), ▁Drop ▁C ▁tun ing ▁( D ▁Standard ▁tun ing ▁with ▁the ▁low ▁D ▁string ▁tun ed ▁down ▁an ▁additional ▁whole ▁step , ▁C ▁G ▁C ▁F ▁A ▁D ), ▁and ▁a ▁third ▁tun ing ▁similar ▁to ▁Drop ▁C ▁called ▁Drop ▁A , ▁but ▁with ▁the ▁lowest ▁string ▁tun ed ▁down ▁to ▁A ▁( A ▁G ▁C ▁F ▁A ▁D ). ▁ ▁In ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 6 ▁Ep iph one ▁Gu it ars ▁announced ▁a ▁signature ▁guitar ▁for ▁him ▁based ▁on ▁his ▁Silver bur st ▁F lying ▁V ▁Custom ▁and ▁featuring ▁his ▁signature ▁L ace ▁Ham mer ▁Cl aw ▁pick ups ▁ ▁Str aps ▁Hind s ▁fav ors ▁vintage ▁style ▁guitar ▁str aps ▁with ▁psy ched el ic ▁prints . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 6 , ▁Hind s ▁can ▁be ▁seen ▁playing ▁multiple ▁custom ▁Over drive ▁Str aps ▁retro ▁and ▁full ▁leather ▁guitar ▁str aps ▁live ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁studio ▁recording ▁' Em peror ▁of ▁Sand '. ▁ ▁Am pl ifiers ▁Hind s ▁was ▁featured ▁in ▁Marshall ▁magazine ▁as ▁a ▁J CM ▁ 8 0 0 ▁ 2 2 0 3 ▁player , ▁though ▁since ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁has ▁fav ored ▁Orange ' s ▁Th under verb ▁Series ▁Am pl ifiers . ▁As ▁of ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁he |
▁is ▁using ▁Marshall ▁J MP ▁series ▁ampl ifiers ▁and ▁a ▁Die zel ▁V H - 4 . ▁ ▁Effect s ▁Hind s ▁uses ▁a ▁B oss ▁Com press or ▁CS - 3 , ▁B oss ▁Tun er ▁T U - 2 , ▁Mon ster ▁Effect s ▁M ast ortion , ▁I b ane z ▁T ube ▁Scre amer ▁T S - 9 , ▁Line ▁ 6 ▁DL 4 ▁Del ay ▁Mod eler , ▁V ood oo ▁L abs ▁Ped al ▁Power , ▁and ▁the ▁En ema ▁F X ▁M ing eb ox . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 4 , ▁he ▁was ▁seen ▁using ▁a ▁B oss ▁Digital ▁Del ay ▁( DD - 6 ), ▁an ▁IS P ▁Techn ologies ▁Dec im ator , ▁an ▁M XR ▁Phase ▁ 9 0 , ▁M XR ▁GT - OD , ▁an ▁Er nie ▁Ball ▁V P ▁Junior ▁and ▁a ▁Dun l op ▁ 1 0 5 Q ▁bass ▁w ah . ▁ ▁Gu itar ▁R ig ▁& ▁Sign al ▁Flow ▁A ▁detailed ▁gear ▁diagram ▁of ▁B rent ▁Hind ' s ▁ 2 0 1 4 ▁M ast od on ▁guitar ▁rig ▁is ▁well - document ed . ▁ ▁In flu ence ▁and ▁style ▁ ▁Origin ally ▁playing ▁the ▁ban jo , ▁Hind s ▁learned ▁his ▁" signature ▁style " ▁of ▁fast ▁hybrid ▁picking ▁by ▁em ulating ▁ban jo ▁finger ings ▁on ▁guitar . ▁He ▁frequently ▁util izes ▁the ▁minor ▁pent at onic , ▁natural ▁minor , ▁and ▁the ▁harm onic ▁minor ▁scales ▁in ▁his ▁playing |
▁as ▁well ▁as ▁many ▁hammer - ons , ▁pull - offs , ▁and ▁leg ato ▁slides . ▁Hind s ▁grew ▁up ▁listening ▁to ▁country , ▁but ▁when ▁he ▁entered ▁his ▁late ▁teens ▁he ▁started ▁listening ▁to ▁Ne uro sis ▁and ▁Mel v ins , ▁bands ▁that ▁would ▁have ▁a ▁profound ▁influence ▁on ▁his ▁musicians hip . ▁Hind s ▁has ▁also ▁stated ▁that ▁he ▁is ▁a ▁big ▁fan ▁of ▁the ▁progressive ▁and ▁psy ched el ic ▁rock ▁gen res , ▁especially ▁from ▁the ▁' 7 0 s . ▁ ▁On ▁June ▁ 1 2 , ▁ 2 0 0 7 , ▁Hind s ▁and ▁band mate ▁Bill ▁K elli her ▁won ▁the ▁Metal ▁Ham mer ▁Golden ▁God s ▁award ▁for ▁best ▁sh red ders . ▁ ▁Hind s ▁was ▁featured ▁along ▁with ▁K elli her ▁on ▁the ▁cover ▁of ▁Gu itar ▁World s ▁ 3 0 0 th ▁issue ▁alongside ▁guitar ▁leg ends ▁like ▁Jim i ▁Hend rix , ▁Ang us ▁Young , ▁and ▁Kirk ▁Ham met t . ▁ ▁Hind s ▁performs ▁clean ▁and ▁harsh ▁vocals ▁in ▁M ast od on , ▁where ▁he ▁shares ▁lead ▁vocal ▁duties ▁with ▁T roy ▁Sand ers ▁and ▁more ▁recently , ▁Br ann ▁D ail or . ▁ ▁Personal ▁life ▁ ▁Hind s ▁has ▁a ▁strong ▁aff inity ▁for ▁smoking ▁marijuana , ▁and ▁places ▁doubt ▁on ▁the ▁narrative ▁that ▁America ▁is ▁a ▁free ▁country . ▁In ▁an ▁online ▁interview , ▁he ▁stated ▁that ▁he ▁sm okes ▁marijuana ▁almost ▁every ▁day . ▁Hind s ▁is ▁quoted ▁as ▁follows |
: ▁" They ▁say ▁that ▁if , ▁you ▁know , ▁terror ists ▁and ▁like ▁the ▁freedom ▁hat ers ▁wanna ▁blow ▁up ▁America ▁because ▁we ' re ▁so ▁free ▁but ▁why ▁don ' t ▁they ▁fucking ▁turn ▁Holland ▁into ▁dust ▁because ▁you ▁guys ▁are ▁the ▁fre est ▁people ▁in ▁the ▁world ?" ▁ ▁Disc ography ▁ ▁M ast od on ▁ ▁Rem ission ▁( 2 0 0 2 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Lev i athan ▁( 2 0 0 4 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Blood ▁Mountain ▁( 2 0 0 6 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Cr ack ▁the ▁Sk ye ▁( 2 0 0 9 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁guitar , ▁ban jo , ▁vocals ▁The ▁Hunter ▁( 2 0 1 1 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Once ▁More ▁' Round ▁the ▁Sun ▁( 2 0 1 4 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Emperor ▁of ▁Sand ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁guitar , ▁vocals ▁Cold ▁Dark ▁Place ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁- ▁Lead ▁gu it ars , ▁vocals , ▁lap - ste el , ▁cl aps ▁( track ▁ 3 ) ▁ ▁Fi end ▁Without ▁a ▁Face ▁ ▁B rent ▁Hind s ▁Pres ents : ▁Fi end ▁Without ▁a ▁Face ▁& ▁West ▁End ▁Mot el ▁( 2 0 1 1 ) ▁Fi end ▁Without ▁a ▁Face ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁ ▁West ▁End ▁Mot el ▁ ▁B rent ▁Hind s ▁Pres ents : ▁Fi end ▁Without ▁A ▁Face ▁& ▁West |
▁End ▁Mot el ▁( 2 0 1 1 ) ▁Only ▁Time ▁Can ▁Tell ▁( 2 0 1 2 ) ▁Bad ▁with ▁Names , ▁Good ▁with ▁F aces .. ▁( 2 0 1 7 ) ▁ ▁Gir affe ▁T ong ue ▁Orchestra ▁ ▁Bro ken ▁L ines ▁( 2 0 1 6 ) ▁ ▁Legend ▁of ▁the ▁Se ag ull men ▁ ▁Legend ▁Of ▁The ▁Se ag ull men ▁( 2 0 1 8 ) ▁ ▁Gu est ▁appearance ( s ) ▁▁ ▁" D ays ▁of ▁Self ▁Dest ruction " ▁by ▁C K Y ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁The ▁Phoenix ▁( gu itar ▁sol os ) ▁ ▁" Make ▁You ▁Mine " ▁by ▁The ▁Black ▁L ips ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁Under neath ▁the ▁Rain bow ▁( gu itar ) ▁ ▁" H orse ▁Hunter " ▁by ▁The ▁D ill inger ▁E scape ▁Plan ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁Ire ▁Works ▁( v oc als ) ▁ ▁" White ▁D warf " ▁by ▁Z oro aster ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁Voice ▁Of ▁Sat urn ▁( gu itar ▁solo ▁and ▁backing ▁vocals ) ▁ ▁" At ▁Ar ms ▁Length " ▁by ▁M outh ▁of ▁the ▁Architect ▁on ▁the ▁album ▁The ▁T ies ▁That ▁Bl ind ▁( v oc als ) ▁ ▁Jon ah ▁He x ▁as ▁a ▁Union ▁soldier ▁( film ▁came o ) ▁ ▁Hind s , ▁along ▁with ▁Br ann ▁D ail or , ▁appears ▁on ▁Kill switch ▁Eng age ' s ▁live ▁album ▁( Set ▁This ) ▁World ▁A bl aze , ▁in ▁" From ▁The |
▁Bed room ▁To ▁The ▁Bas ement " ▁- ▁documentary . ▁ ▁In ▁July ▁ 2 0 1 1 ▁Hind s ▁star red ▁in ▁a ▁commercial ▁for ▁El my r , ▁a ▁restaurant ▁in ▁Atlanta , ▁Georgia . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁Game ▁of ▁Th ron es ▁episode ▁Hard home , ▁Hind s ▁and ▁band mates ▁Br ann ▁D ail or ▁and ▁Bill ▁K elli her ▁port rayed ▁an ▁extr as ▁role , ▁as ▁Wild lings ▁and ▁later ▁in ▁the ▁episode ▁as ▁re anim ated ▁W ights . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Official ▁M ast od on ▁website ▁ ▁M ast od on ' s ▁official ▁My Space ▁ ▁M ast od on ▁at ▁The G rix er . com ▁ ▁Inter view ▁with ▁B rent ▁Hind s ▁at ▁Su icide G irl s . com ▁ ▁Rel apse ▁Records ▁ ▁Br ann ▁Inter view , ▁March ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁ ▁The ▁story ▁of ▁B rent ' s ▁Be ard ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 7 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : American ▁heavy ▁metal ▁guitar ists ▁Category : American ▁heavy ▁metal ▁sing ers ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Pel ham , ▁Alabama ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : Lead ▁guitar ists ▁Category : Sing ers ▁from ▁Alabama ▁Category : Sing ers ▁from ▁Georgia ▁( U . S . ▁state ) ▁Category : Progress ive ▁metal ▁guitar ists ▁Category : M ast od on ▁( band ) ▁members ▁Category : G uit ar ists ▁from ▁Alabama ▁Category : G uit |
ar ists ▁from ▁Georgia ▁( U . S . ▁state ) ▁Category : American ▁male ▁guitar ists ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁sing ers ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁American ▁guitar ists ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁male ▁sing ers <0x0A> </s> ▁Carl ▁Peter ▁Burn itz ▁( 1 4 ▁January ▁ 1 8 2 4 , ▁Frankfurt ▁- ▁ 1 8 ▁August ▁ 1 8 8 6 , ▁Frankfurt ) ▁was ▁a ▁German ▁landscape ▁painter ▁who ▁began ▁as ▁a ▁lawyer . ▁ ▁Life ▁and ▁work ▁ ▁He ▁became ▁an ▁or phan ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁nine ▁and ▁was ▁placed ▁under ▁the ▁care ▁of ▁his ▁uncle , ▁the ▁architect ▁Rud olf ▁Burn itz . ▁After ▁gradu ating ▁from ▁the ▁local ▁schools , ▁he ▁entered ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁Berlin , ▁where ▁he ▁studied ▁law . ▁In ▁ 1 8 4 4 , ▁he ▁moved ▁to ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁G ött ingen , ▁then ▁to ▁the ▁University ▁of ▁He idel berg ▁where ▁he ▁received ▁his ▁D ok tor ▁Jur is ▁( Do ctor ▁of ▁Law ) ▁degree ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 7 . ▁ ▁That ▁summer , ▁he ▁began ▁an ▁extensive ▁tour ▁of ▁Rome , ▁Nap les ▁and ▁Pal ermo . ▁He ▁returned ▁to ▁Frankfurt ▁in ▁ 1 8 4 9 , ▁briefly ▁practicing ▁law ▁but , ▁feeling ▁diss atisf ied ▁with ▁the ▁legal ▁profession ▁and ▁inspired ▁by ▁what ▁he ▁had ▁seen ▁in ▁Italy , ▁he ▁took ▁another ▁trip ▁in ▁ 1 8 5 2 , ▁visiting ▁Al |
g iers ▁and ▁Madrid . ▁There ▁he ▁met ▁the ▁painter ▁F ritz ▁B amber ger ▁who ▁suggested ▁that ▁Burn itz ▁go ▁to ▁Paris ▁to ▁study ▁art . ▁With ▁B amber ger ' s ▁recommendation , ▁he ▁made ▁contact ▁with ▁the ▁l ith ographer ▁Karl ▁Bod mer , ▁who ▁introduced ▁him ▁to ▁the ▁Barb izon ▁School . ▁He ▁soon ▁began ▁studying ▁with ▁Em ile ▁Lamb inet . ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 8 5 7 , ▁he ▁returned ▁to ▁Frankfurt ▁where ▁he ▁made ▁friends ▁with ▁Anton ▁Bur ger ▁and ▁Jak ob ▁Für chte g ott ▁D iel mann , ▁who ▁convinced ▁him ▁to ▁live ▁at ▁the ▁art ▁colony ▁in ▁K ron berg . ▁By ▁ 1 8 7 8 , ▁he ▁was ▁successful ▁enough ▁to ▁purchase ▁a ▁large , ▁multi - story ▁home ▁in ▁Frankfurt . ▁However , ▁following ▁a ▁common ▁custom ▁among ▁the ▁newly - rich , ▁he ▁never ▁lived ▁there ▁himself . ▁Instead , ▁it ▁became ▁the ▁residence ▁of ▁fellow ▁artist ▁Edu ard ▁von ▁Stein le . ▁ ▁Most ▁of ▁his ▁paintings ▁are ▁in ▁private ▁collections , ▁as ▁is ▁the ▁case ▁with ▁a ▁majority ▁of ▁the ▁artists ▁who ▁worked ▁at ▁K ron berg . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Further ▁reading ▁▁▁▁ ▁F . ▁Fried : ▁Peter ▁Burn itz , ▁ein ▁Frank fur ter ▁Me ister . ▁In : ▁Frank fur ter ▁Zeit ung . ▁Nr . ▁ 2 7 6 ▁of ▁ 6 ▁October ▁ 1 9 0 0 . ▁ ▁Leop old ▁Lev is : ▁Peter ▁Burn itz . ▁Ein ▁Be it |
rag ▁zur ▁Geschichte ▁der ▁Mal erei ▁des ▁ne un ze h nten ▁Jahrhunderts ▁in ▁Frankfurt ▁am ▁Main . ▁Dis sert ation , ▁Johann ▁Wol fg ang ▁Go ethe ▁University , ▁Frankfurt ▁( 1 9 3 7 ) ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁▁ ▁Carl ▁Burn itz ▁@ ▁K ron berger ▁Mal er ▁ ▁Art Net : ▁Five ▁pages ▁of ▁paintings ▁by ▁Burn itz ▁ ▁Category : 1 8 2 4 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 8 8 6 ▁deaths ▁Category : Land scape ▁pain ters ▁Category : B ur ials ▁at ▁Frankfurt ▁Main ▁C emetery ▁Category : 1 9 th - century ▁German ▁pain ters ▁Category : G erman ▁male ▁pain ters <0x0A> </s> ▁My a ▁Th an ▁T int ▁( ▁; ▁ 2 3 ▁May ▁ 1 9 2 9 ▁– ▁ 1 8 ▁February ▁ 1 9 9 8 ) ▁was ▁a ▁five - time ▁My an mar ▁National ▁Liter ature ▁Award ▁winning ▁Bur m ese ▁writer ▁and ▁transl ator . ▁ ▁Biography ▁Born ▁My a ▁Th an ▁on ▁ 2 3 ▁May ▁ 1 9 2 9 ▁in ▁My a ing , ▁Pak ok ku ▁Township , ▁Mag way ▁Division , ▁My an mar , ▁he ▁was ▁the ▁el dest ▁of ▁seven ▁children ▁to ▁P aw ▁T int ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁H la ing . ▁ ▁My a ▁Th an ▁T int ▁entered ▁Rang oon ▁University ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 8 , ▁the ▁year ▁Bur ma ▁gained ▁independence ▁from ▁Great ▁Britain , ▁and ▁received ▁a ▁degree ▁in ▁philosophy , ▁political |
▁science ▁and ▁English ▁literature ▁in ▁ 1 9 5 4 . ▁ ▁His ▁writing ▁career ▁began ▁in ▁ 1 9 4 9 ▁when ▁his ▁first ▁short ▁novel ▁“ Ref uge e ” ▁() ▁was ▁published ▁in ▁T ara ▁() ▁Magazine ▁( No . ▁ 2 1 , ▁Vol . ▁ 3 , ▁ 1 9 4 9 ). ▁His ▁first ▁translated ▁work ▁was ▁Mal va ▁and ▁other ▁short ▁stories ▁by ▁G ork y . He ▁published ▁many ▁short ▁and ▁full - length ▁novels , ▁document aries ▁and ▁translated ▁works ▁in ▁his ▁ 5 0 - year ▁writing ▁career . ▁ ▁Data ung ▁Ko ▁Ky aw ▁Y wei , ▁M ee ▁Pin le ▁Ko ▁H py at ▁My i ▁ ▁( Ac ross ▁the ▁Mountain ▁of ▁S words ▁and ▁the ▁Sea ▁of ▁Fire ) ▁() ▁( 1 9 7 3 ) ▁is ▁considered ▁to ▁be ▁his ▁greatest ▁master piece . ▁He ▁also ▁wrote ▁historical ▁document aries ▁like ▁“ B ree ze ▁over ▁Ta ung th aman ▁Lake ” ▁( ). ▁ ▁Also ▁a ▁pro l ific ▁transl ator ▁of ▁Western ▁literature ▁into ▁Bur m ese , ▁My a ▁Th an ▁T int ▁introduced ▁his ▁readers ▁to ▁world ▁class ics ▁like ▁War ▁and ▁Peace ▁( ), ▁G one ▁with ▁the ▁Wind ▁( <0xE1> <0x80> <0x9C> ေ ရ <0xE1> <0x80> <0xB0> း သ ု န ် သ ု န ် ), ▁and ▁Dream ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁Chamber ▁( ). ▁He ▁won ▁the ▁My an mar ▁National ▁Liter ature ▁Award ▁five ▁times ▁for ▁translation ▁War ▁and ▁Peace |
( 1 9 7 2 ), ▁G one ▁with ▁the ▁Wind ▁( 1 9 7 8 ), ▁Dream ▁of ▁the ▁Red ▁Chamber ▁( 1 9 8 8 ), ▁City ▁of ▁Joy ▁() ▁( 1 9 9 2 ) ▁and ▁Beyond ▁Love ▁() ▁( 1 9 9 5 ). ▁ ▁As ▁a ▁political ▁prisoner , ▁My a ▁Th an ▁T int ▁was ▁j ailed ▁from ▁ 1 9 6 3 ▁to ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁by ▁Ne ▁Win ' s ▁military ▁regime ▁that ▁seized ▁power ▁from ▁a ▁democratic ▁government ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 2 . ▁He ▁was ▁initially ▁inc ar cer ated ▁in ▁Rang oon ' s ▁not orious ▁In se in ▁Pr ison , ▁but ▁later ▁transferred ▁with ▁other ▁political ▁prisoners ▁to ▁the ▁C oco ▁Islands ▁penal ▁colony ▁in ▁the ▁Indian ▁Ocean ▁until ▁his ▁release ▁three ▁years ▁later . ▁At ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁ 6 8 , ▁he ▁died ▁in ▁his ▁home ▁in ▁S anch a ung ▁Township ▁in ▁Rang oon ▁of ▁a ▁brain ▁hem orr h age ▁after ▁an ▁accident al ▁fall ▁from ▁a ▁stair case ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁morning ▁of ▁February ▁ 1 8 , ▁ 1 9 9 8 . ▁He ▁was ▁cre m ated ▁at ▁the ▁H te in pin ▁c emetery ▁in ▁Rang oon . ▁ ▁Liter ary ▁works ▁ ▁F amous ▁Bur m ese ▁Nov els ▁by ▁My a ▁Th an ▁T int : ▁My it - tar ▁Ath inch ay - In finite ▁Love ▁ ▁Data ung ▁Ko ▁Ky aw ▁Y wei , ▁M |
ee ▁Pin le ▁Ko ▁H py at ▁My i ▁- ▁Ac ross ▁the ▁Mountain ▁of ▁S words ▁and ▁the ▁Sea ▁of ▁Fire ▁( 1 9 7 3 ) ▁ ▁A - h ma ung ▁Ye ik ▁We ▁- ▁In ▁the ▁Dark ▁Shadow ▁( 1 9 6 0 ) ▁ ▁An ny att ara ▁Y oke ▁P on ▁H l wa ▁- ▁Images ▁of ▁Ord inary ▁People ▁ ▁Like ▁H ked aw ▁My a ▁N anda ▁- ▁Run ▁with ▁me , ▁My a ▁N anda ▁( 1 9 6 0 ) ▁ ▁Kh it ▁P ya ing ▁Y oke ▁P on ▁H l wa ▁ ▁- ▁Images ▁of ▁Our ▁Modern ▁Era ▁ ▁P onda ung ▁P on ny a ▁Th wa ▁T aw la ▁ ▁- ▁Travel ogue ▁of ▁P onda ung ▁P on ny a ▁ ▁Ta ung th aman ▁Sh we ▁Inn ▁ga ▁Le i - h ny in ▁Saw d aw ▁- ▁B ree ze ▁over ▁Ta ung th aman ▁Lake ▁( 1 9 9 9 ) ▁ ▁" The ▁City ▁of ▁Joy " ▁ ▁" Than ▁Cha ung " ▁ ▁" K anka ung " ▁ ▁" K h unt aw ▁Sat ye ▁Ch inth aw ▁W ut th um yar " ▁( ▁The ▁Stories ▁I ▁wanna ▁continue ▁writing ) ▁ ▁" My an mar : The ▁longest ▁war " ▁ 2 0 1 5 ▁ ▁" The ▁Art ▁of ▁Writing " ▁ ▁His ▁collection ▁of ▁short ▁stories ▁ ▁An ny att ara ▁Y oke ▁P on ▁H l wa |
▁ ▁( Images ▁of ▁Ord inary ▁People ) ▁has ▁been ▁translated ▁in ▁English ▁titled ▁On ▁the ▁Road ▁to ▁Mand al ay . ▁ ▁Trans l ations ▁Well ▁K nown ▁Works ▁of ▁Trans lation ▁into ▁Bur m ese : ▁ ▁Sher lock ▁Holmes ▁series ▁into ▁ 5 ▁Vol umes ▁- ▁ ▁The ▁Advent ures ▁of ▁Sher lock ▁Holmes ▁The ▁Mem oirs ▁of ▁Sher lock ▁Holmes ▁The ▁Return ▁of ▁Sher lock ▁Holmes ▁His ▁Last ▁Bow ▁The ▁Case - Book ▁of ▁Sher lock ▁Holmes ▁ ▁Qu otes ▁" Since ▁my ▁childhood , ▁I ▁have ▁believed ▁that ▁writing ▁is ▁the ▁most ▁honour able ▁job , ▁and ▁honour ▁doesn ’ t ▁mean ▁material ▁wealth , ▁but ▁honest ▁and ▁truth ful ▁dignity ." ▁ ▁" I ▁will ▁not ▁exchange ▁my ▁job ▁as ▁a ▁writer ▁for ▁anything ." ▁ ▁" I ▁wouldn ’ t ▁do ▁now , ▁I ▁won ’ t ▁do ▁in ▁the ▁future ." ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁Book ▁review : ▁On ▁the ▁Road ▁to ▁Mand al ay ▁Martin ▁Mor land , ▁September ▁ 1 9 9 6 ▁On ▁the ▁Road ▁to ▁Mand al ay : ▁T ales ▁of ▁Ord inary ▁People ▁My a ▁Th an ▁T int ▁Cont ro vers ial ▁Nov el ▁Finally ▁Cle ared ▁The ▁Back ▁Page ▁( J une ▁ 2 0 0 5 ), ▁The ▁Ir raw addy ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 2 9 ▁birth s ▁Category : 1 9 9 8 ▁deaths ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Mag way ▁Division ▁Category : B urm ese ▁writers ▁Category : Univers |
ity ▁of ▁Yang on ▁al umn i ▁Category : B urm ese ▁prisoners ▁and ▁det aine es <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁Vol vo ▁T und ra ▁was ▁a ▁concept ▁car ▁built ▁and ▁designed ▁by ▁Bert one ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 9 . ▁Bert one ▁was ▁told ▁to ▁do ▁" something ▁delicious " ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁Vol vo ▁ 3 4 3 . ▁The ▁angular ▁design ▁was ▁by ▁Marc ello ▁Gand ini ▁and ▁continued ▁the ▁themes ▁developed ▁for ▁the ▁Lamb or gh ini ▁Sil hou ette ▁and ▁the ▁Rel iant ▁( An ad ol ) ▁F W 1 1 . ▁It ▁was ▁rejected ▁by ▁Vol vo , ▁who ▁thought ▁it ▁was ▁too ▁modern ▁and ▁difficult ▁to ▁sell . ▁Bert one ▁instead ▁sold ▁a ▁very ▁similar ▁design ▁to ▁Cit ro ë n , ▁where ▁it ▁was ▁produced ▁as ▁Cit ro ë n ▁B X . ▁The ▁T und ra ' s ▁rear ▁side ▁window ▁had ▁a ▁pulled ▁down ▁top ▁edge , ▁a ▁theme ▁which ▁was ▁continued ▁on ▁the ▁B X ' ▁C - p ill ar . ▁The ▁overall ▁effect ▁was ▁of ▁a ▁" f lo ating ▁roof ," ▁a ▁design ▁idea ▁which ▁has ▁become ▁popular ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 1 0 ' s . ▁ ▁The ▁car ▁featured ▁a ▁digital ▁speed ometer ▁and ▁was ▁powered ▁by ▁a ▁ 1 . 4 - lit re ▁four - cy l inder ▁engine ▁giving ▁. ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁T und ra ▁Category : C ars ▁introduced ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 9 <0x0A> </s> ▁In |
▁the ▁scientific ▁name ▁of ▁organ isms , ▁bas ion ym ▁or ▁bas y onym ▁means ▁the ▁original ▁name ▁on ▁which ▁a ▁new ▁name ▁is ▁based ; ▁the ▁author ▁c itation ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁name ▁should ▁include ▁the ▁authors ▁of ▁the ▁bas ion ym ▁in ▁parent hes es . ▁The ▁term ▁original ▁combination ▁or ▁pro ton ym ▁is ▁used ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁way ▁in ▁z ool ogy . ▁B acter i ology ▁uses ▁a ▁similar ▁term , ▁b ason ym , ▁sp elled ▁without ▁an ▁i . ▁ ▁Use ▁in ▁bot any ▁The ▁term ▁" b asion ym " ▁is ▁used ▁in ▁bot any ▁only ▁for ▁the ▁circumstances ▁where ▁a ▁previous ▁name ▁exists ▁with ▁a ▁useful ▁description , ▁and ▁the ▁International ▁Code ▁of ▁N omen cl ature ▁for ▁al ga e , ▁fun gi , ▁and ▁plants ▁does ▁not ▁require ▁a ▁full ▁description ▁with ▁the ▁new ▁name . ▁A ▁bas ion ym ▁must ▁therefore ▁be ▁legitimate . ▁B asion y ms ▁are ▁reg ulated ▁by ▁the ▁code ' s ▁articles ▁ 6 . 1 0 , ▁ 7 . 3 , ▁ 4 1 , ▁and ▁others . ▁▁▁ ▁When ▁a ▁current ▁name ▁has ▁a ▁bas ion ym , ▁the ▁author ▁or ▁authors ▁of ▁the ▁bas ion ym ▁are ▁included ▁in ▁parent hes es ▁at ▁the ▁start ▁of ▁the ▁author ▁c itation . ▁ ▁If ▁a ▁bas ion ym ▁is ▁later ▁found ▁to ▁be ▁il leg it imate , ▁it ▁becomes ▁a ▁replaced ▁syn onym ▁and ▁the ▁current ▁name ' s ▁author ▁c itation |
▁must ▁be ▁changed ▁so ▁that ▁the ▁bas ion ym ▁authors ▁do ▁not ▁appear . ▁ ▁Com bin atio ▁nov a ▁ ▁The ▁bas ion ym ▁of ▁the ▁name ▁P ice a ▁ab ies ▁( the ▁Norway ▁sp ru ce ) ▁is ▁Pin us ▁ab ies . ▁The ▁species ▁was ▁originally ▁named ▁Pin us ▁ab ies ▁by ▁Carl ▁Lin na e us ▁and ▁so ▁the ▁author ▁c itation ▁of ▁the ▁bas ion ym ▁is ▁simply ▁" L ." ▁Later ▁on , ▁bot an ist ▁Gust av ▁Karl ▁Wilhelm ▁Herm ann ▁Kar sten ▁decided ▁this ▁species ▁should ▁not ▁be ▁group ed ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁genus ▁( Pin us ) ▁as ▁the ▁p ines , ▁so ▁he ▁transferred ▁it ▁to ▁the ▁genus ▁P ice a ▁( the ▁sp ru ces ). ▁The ▁new ▁name ▁P ice a ▁ab ies ▁is ▁comb in atio ▁nov a , ▁a ▁new ▁combination ▁( ab bre vi ated ▁comb . ▁nov .). ▁ ▁With ▁author ▁c itation , ▁the ▁current ▁name ▁is ▁" P ice a ▁ab ies ▁( L .) ▁Kar st ." ▁ ▁Status ▁nov us ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 6 4 , ▁the ▁sub family ▁name ▁P omo ide ae , ▁which ▁had ▁been ▁in ▁use ▁for ▁the ▁group ▁within ▁family ▁Ros aceae ▁that ▁have ▁p ome ▁fruit ▁like ▁ap ples , ▁was ▁no ▁longer ▁acceptable ▁under ▁the ▁code ▁of ▁nom en cl ature ▁because ▁it ▁is ▁not ▁based ▁on ▁a ▁genus ▁name . ▁Claude ▁We ber ▁did ▁not ▁consider ▁the ▁family ▁name ▁Mal aceae ▁Small |
▁to ▁be ▁tax onom ically ▁appropriate , ▁so ▁he ▁created ▁the ▁name ▁Mal o ide ae ▁at ▁the ▁rank ▁of ▁sub family , ▁referring ▁to ▁the ▁original ▁description ▁of ▁the ▁family , ▁and ▁using ▁the ▁same ▁type . ▁This ▁change ▁of ▁rank ▁from ▁family ▁to ▁sub family ▁is ▁an ▁example ▁of ▁status ▁nov us ▁( ab bre vi ated ▁stat . ▁nov .), ▁also ▁called ▁a ▁" name ▁at ▁new ▁rank ". ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁Gl oss ary ▁of ▁scientific ▁n aming ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁▁ ▁Category : Bi ological ▁nom en cl ature ▁Category : Bot an ical ▁nom en cl ature ▁Category : Z ool og ical ▁nom en cl ature <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁following ▁elections ▁occurred ▁in ▁the ▁year ▁ 1 4 1 7 . ▁▁ ▁Council ▁of ▁Con stance ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁ ▁: Category : 1 4 1 7 ▁elections ▁ ▁Category : List s ▁of ▁elections ▁by ▁year <0x0A> </s> ▁Mart ino ▁T ir imo ▁( born ▁ 1 9 ▁December ▁ 1 9 4 2 ) ▁is ▁a ▁C yp ri ot ▁classical ▁pian ist . ▁ ▁Born ▁into ▁a ▁musical ▁family ▁in ▁L arn aca , ▁he ▁began ▁piano ▁and ▁viol in ▁lessons ▁with ▁his ▁father , ▁a ▁distinguished ▁condu ctor ▁and ▁viol in ist . ▁He ▁gave ▁his ▁first ▁concert ▁at ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁six , ▁performed ▁Hay dn ' s ▁Con cer to ▁in ▁D ▁at ▁eight ▁and ▁when ▁only ▁twelve ▁he ▁conducted ▁seven ▁complete ▁performances ▁of ▁Ver di ' s ▁La |
▁Tr avi ata , ▁including ▁solo ists ▁from ▁La ▁Scal a , ▁Milan . ▁ ▁At ▁the ▁age ▁of ▁sixteen ▁he ▁won ▁the ▁Franz ▁Lis zt ▁Sch olar ship ▁to ▁the ▁Royal ▁Academy ▁of ▁Music ▁in ▁London , ▁gradu ating ▁with ▁the ▁highest ▁hon ours , ▁after ▁which ▁he ▁completed ▁his ▁studies ▁in ▁Vienna . ▁In ▁ 1 9 7 1 ▁and ▁ 1 9 7 2 ▁vict ories ▁in ▁the ▁international ▁piano ▁compet itions ▁in ▁Mun ich ▁and ▁Gen eva ▁launched ▁his ▁international ▁career . ▁ ▁T ir imo ▁has ▁appeared ▁with ▁many ▁of ▁the ▁world ' s ▁leading ▁or chestr as , ▁including ▁the ▁major ▁British ▁or chestr as ▁and ▁those ▁in ▁Berlin , ▁Cleveland , ▁D res den , ▁Leip zig , ▁Pr ague ▁and ▁Vienna . ▁With ▁the ▁D res den ▁Phil harm onic ▁he ▁directed ▁several ▁cycles ▁of ▁Be eth oven ' s ▁five ▁piano ▁concert os ▁from ▁the ▁keyboard ▁in ▁various ▁concert ▁h alls ▁in ▁Germany ▁and ▁the ▁Royal ▁Festival ▁Hall , ▁London . ▁ ▁Re per toire ▁and ▁record ings ▁ ▁T ir imo ' s ▁re per toire ▁is ▁enormous , ▁including ▁ 8 0 ▁concert os ▁and ▁nearly ▁all ▁the ▁major ▁solo ▁works ▁of ▁the ▁great ▁compos ers , ▁and ▁he ▁became ▁a ▁champion ▁of ▁the ▁D vor ak ▁P iano ▁Con cer to ▁and ▁of ▁Michael ▁T ipp ett ' s ▁P iano ▁Con cer to , ▁which ▁he ▁performed ▁several ▁times ▁with ▁the ▁composer ▁conducting , ▁in ▁Germany ▁and ▁the ▁UK . |
▁Their ▁recording ▁of ▁the ▁work ▁for ▁N im bus ▁was ▁released ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 1 . ▁ ▁Among ▁over ▁ 5 0 ▁record ings ▁are ▁the ▁two ▁Ch op in ▁Con cert os ▁with ▁the ▁Phil harm onia ▁( Al to ), ▁the ▁two ▁Bra h ms ▁P iano ▁Con cert os ▁with ▁the ▁London ▁Phil harm onic ▁( E MI ) ▁and ▁a ▁CD ▁of ▁R ach man in off ' s ▁Con cer to ▁No . ▁ 2 ▁and ▁P agan ini ▁R haps ody , ▁which ▁became ▁one ▁of ▁E MI ' s ▁best ▁sell ers ▁and ▁for ▁which ▁he ▁received ▁a ▁Gold ▁Disc ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁( s ales ▁of ▁this ▁disc ▁in ▁the ▁UK ▁alone ▁to pped ▁ 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 3 ). ▁He ▁has ▁also ▁recorded ▁the ▁complete ▁piano ▁music ▁of ▁Deb ussy ▁and ▁Jan á č ek . ▁ ▁T ir imo ▁is ▁particularly ▁renown ed ▁for ▁his ▁Sch ub ert ▁interpret ations ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 5 ▁became ▁the ▁first ▁pian ist ▁to ▁perform ▁a ▁truly ▁complete ▁cycle ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 1 ▁Son at as ▁in ▁public , ▁with ▁his ▁own ▁complet ions ▁to ▁the ▁un finished ▁movements , ▁at ▁the ▁Queen ▁Elizabeth ▁Hall . ▁ ▁His ▁ 1 9 8 5 ▁cycle ▁at ▁the ▁W ig more ▁Hall ▁was ▁recorded ▁by ▁BBC ▁Radio ▁ 3 , ▁and ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 6 – 9 7 ▁he |
▁recorded ▁the ▁complete ▁set ▁for ▁E MI , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁editing ▁the ▁first ▁complete ▁edition , ▁in ▁three ▁volumes , ▁for ▁Wi ener ▁Ur text ▁Edition . ▁The ▁ 8 ▁CD s ▁were ▁released ▁throughout ▁ 1 9 9 7 , ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 th ▁anniversary ▁of ▁Sch ub ert ' s ▁birth , ▁and ▁in ▁the ▁same ▁season ▁he ▁performed ▁all ▁of ▁Sch ub ert ' s ▁major ▁piano ▁works ▁in ▁six ▁conc erts ▁at ▁the ▁W ig more ▁Hall . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 6 ▁he ▁recorded ▁the ▁complete ▁piano ▁works ▁of ▁Moz art , ▁at ▁the ▁Leip zig ▁Gew and haus , ▁on ▁ 1 2 ▁CD s . ▁ ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁T ir imo ▁emb ark ed ▁on ▁several ▁series ▁devoted ▁to ▁Ch op in ' s ▁solo ▁piano ▁music ▁and ▁works ▁for ▁piano ▁and ▁or chestra . ▁In ▁ 2 0 1 0 ▁this ▁cul min ated ▁in ▁a ▁series ▁of ▁ 1 2 ▁conc erts ▁at ▁Kings ▁Place , ▁London , ▁where ▁T ir imo ▁was ▁joined ▁by ▁Polish ▁musicians ▁including ▁I w ona ▁S ob ot ka ▁( s op r ano ) ▁and ▁the ▁S iles ian ▁String ▁Qu art et ▁for ▁a ▁survey ▁of ▁Ch op in ' s ▁entire ▁output . ▁ ▁Notes ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁T ir imo ' s ▁website ▁ ▁Kings ▁Place ▁Website ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 4 2 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving |
▁people ▁Category : People ▁from ▁L arn aca ▁Category : C yp ri ot ▁pian ists ▁Category : Al umn i ▁of ▁the ▁Royal ▁Academy ▁of ▁Music ▁Category : 2 1 st - century ▁pian ists <0x0A> </s> ▁Les lie ▁S . ▁Lib ow ▁( born ▁December ▁ 2 6 , ▁ 1 9 3 3 ) ▁is ▁Clin ical ▁Professor ▁of ▁Medicine ▁and ▁of ▁Ger iat rics ▁at ▁the ▁I c ahn ▁School ▁of ▁Medicine ▁at ▁Mount ▁S ina i . ▁He ▁previously ▁was ▁Green wall ▁Professor ▁of ▁Ger iat rics ▁and ▁Adult ▁Development ▁at ▁I c ahn ▁School ▁of ▁Medicine ▁at ▁Mount ▁S ina i ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 2 - 2 0 1 1 ▁and ▁Chief ▁of ▁Medical ▁Services ▁at ▁the ▁Jewish ▁Home ▁and ▁Hospital ▁from ▁ 1 9 8 2 - 2 0 0 4 . ▁Lib ow ▁is ▁an ▁authority ▁on ▁internal ▁and ▁ger iat ric ▁medicine ▁and ▁is ▁also ▁known ▁for ▁creating ▁the ▁field ▁of ▁Ger iat ric ▁Medicine ▁in ▁America . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : 1 9 3 3 ▁birth s ▁Category : L iving ▁people ▁Category : American ▁ger iat ric ians ▁Category : Bro ok lyn ▁College ▁al umn i ▁Category : People ▁from ▁Brooklyn ▁Category : I c ahn ▁School ▁of ▁Medicine ▁at ▁Mount ▁S ina i ▁faculty <0x0A> </s> ▁S igu ate pe que ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁town ▁and ▁municip ality ▁in ▁the ▁H ond ur an ▁department ▁of ▁Com ay ag ua . ▁ ▁S igu ate pe |
que , ▁located ▁in ▁the ▁central ▁mountains ▁of ▁H ond uras ▁( pop ulation ▁ 7 5 , 0 0 0 ) ▁is ▁green ▁and ▁colour ful , ▁and ▁can ▁be ▁described ▁as ▁a ▁garden ▁town . ▁The ▁region , ▁with ▁its ▁rural ▁flav our , ▁is ▁primarily ▁dedicated ▁to ▁farm ▁and ▁forest ▁enter prises . ▁The ▁National ▁School ▁of ▁Forest ry ▁Science ▁( ES N AC IF OR ) ▁provides ▁training ▁for ▁students ▁from ▁all ▁of ▁Latin ▁America . ▁Building ▁on ▁its ▁natural ▁attra ctions ▁and ▁beauty , ▁the ▁region ▁has ▁opened ▁itself ▁up ▁to ▁e co - t our ism , ▁with ▁S igu ate pe que ▁functioning ▁as ▁a ▁base ▁for ▁visitors ▁making ▁trips ▁to ▁dest inations ▁within ▁Central ▁H ond uras . ▁The ▁town ▁is ▁ 1 1 0 0 ▁metres ▁above ▁sea ▁level . ▁ ▁There ▁are ▁three ▁seasons : ▁ ▁during ▁the ▁wet ▁and ▁fairly ▁cool ▁season ▁between ▁May ▁and ▁November , ▁enough ▁rain ▁falls ▁in ▁the ▁area ▁to ▁ensure ▁lux urious ▁veget ation , ▁while ▁it ▁esc apes ▁the ▁excessive ▁hum idity ▁of ▁the ▁far ▁hot ter ▁and ▁wet ter ▁low land ▁areas . ▁▁ ▁a ▁cool er ▁inter l ude ▁from ▁November ▁to ▁February ▁provides ▁temperatures ▁occasionally ▁down ▁to ▁ 8 ° C ▁( 4 0 ° F ) ▁as ▁cold ▁front s ▁enter ▁from ▁the ▁north . ▁▁ ▁the ▁dry ▁season ▁is ▁February ▁to ▁May ▁with ▁temperatures ▁achieving ▁a ▁ple as antly ▁warm ▁peak ▁of ▁ 3 2 ° C ▁( |
9 5 ° F ). ▁Cool ▁winds ▁flow ▁down ▁from ▁the ▁local ▁Cal enter ique ▁forest ▁and ▁from ▁the ▁Cord ill era ▁Monte c ill os , ▁a ▁biological ▁reserve ▁on ▁the ▁southern ▁edge ▁of ▁the ▁valley . ▁ ▁Even ▁in ▁the ▁hot ▁season ▁air ▁condition ing ▁is ▁unnecessary , ▁with ▁a ▁fan ▁almost ▁always ▁being ▁enough . ▁In ▁the ▁winter ▁heating ▁is ▁rarely ▁needed . ▁ ▁History ▁Found ed ▁by ▁the ▁Spanish ▁in ▁ 1 6 8 9 ▁as ▁a ▁religious ▁centre ▁for ▁retreat s ▁and ▁mon astic ▁training , ▁the ▁population ▁of ▁the ▁town ▁grew ▁through ▁the ▁inter mar riage ▁of ▁colon ists , ▁the ▁ind igenous ▁L enc as ▁and ▁the ▁Mexican ▁N ahu at l ▁immigrants . ▁The ▁name ▁means ▁‘ town ▁of ▁beautiful ▁women ’ ▁in ▁the ▁N ahu at l ▁Mexican ▁language . ▁In ▁ 1 8 6 1 ▁the ▁town ▁became ▁a ▁municip ality ▁in ▁its ▁own ▁right , ▁and ▁a ▁city ▁in ▁ 1 9 2 6 . ▁ ▁A men ities ▁The ▁town ▁is ▁at ▁the ▁centre ▁of ▁a ▁regional ▁veget able ▁and ▁fruit ▁production ▁area , ▁ensuring ▁a ▁year - round ▁supply ▁of ▁produce . ▁The ▁town ▁has ▁good ▁shopping ▁facilities , ▁and ▁the ▁stores ▁are ▁filled ▁with ▁local ▁and ▁Central ▁American ▁products , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁imported ▁items . ▁Due ▁to ▁the ▁small ▁size ▁of ▁the ▁town ▁centre , ▁the ▁stores ▁are ▁easy ▁to ▁visit ▁on ▁foot . ▁ ▁A men ities ▁in ▁S igu ate pe que ▁include ▁a ▁large |
▁swimming ▁pool , ▁an ▁ac up unct ure ▁centre , ▁a ▁private ▁hospital , ▁two ▁cin em as ▁and ▁numerous ▁restaurants . ▁The ▁town ▁offers ▁several ▁b iling ual ▁schools ▁up ▁to ▁college ▁level , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁the ▁new ▁Catholic ▁University . ▁ ▁All ▁the ▁major ▁banks ▁are ▁represented ▁in ▁the ▁town ▁centre . ▁B anco ▁Atl ant ida ▁has ▁a ▁branch ▁along ▁the ▁main ▁inter city ▁highway ▁in ▁Gran ja ▁D ’ El ia . ▁The ▁main ▁B anco ▁Atl ant ida ▁office ▁in ▁the ▁town ▁centre ▁handles ▁Vis a ▁transactions . ▁B anco ▁Occ ident e ▁handles ▁Western ▁Union ▁money ▁trans fers . ▁ ▁Travel ▁Loc ated ▁almost ▁exactly ▁halfway ▁between ▁H ond uras ' ▁two ▁largest ▁cities ▁of ▁San ▁Pedro ▁S ula ▁and ▁T eg uc ig al pa , ▁S igu ate pe que ▁is ▁easy ▁to ▁reach ▁– ▁the ▁town ▁is ▁two ▁hours ▁travel ▁from ▁T eg uc ig al pa ▁or ▁San ▁Pedro ▁S ula . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁major ▁stopping ▁point ▁for ▁rest ▁and ▁refresh ment ▁for ▁H ond ur an ▁and ▁international ▁inter - city ▁traffic , ▁which ▁has ▁sp ur red ▁a ▁pro lifer ation ▁of ▁highway ▁restaurants ▁and ▁gas ▁stations . ▁ ▁The ▁easiest ▁and ▁cheap est ▁way ▁to ▁travel ▁to ▁and ▁from ▁S igu ate pe que ▁is ▁by ▁bus . ▁There ▁are ▁many ▁options . ▁ ▁From ▁T eg uc ig al pa ▁regional ▁bus ▁services ▁serving ▁San ▁Pedro ▁S ula , ▁Santa ▁Barbara , ▁El ▁Pro gres o , |
▁T ela , ▁Santa ▁Rosa ▁de ▁Cop an , ▁La ▁Es per anza , ▁La ▁Ce iba , ▁or ▁any ▁other ▁town ▁beyond ▁S igu ate pe que ▁to ▁the ▁North . ▁ ▁Some ▁of ▁the ▁companies ▁serving ▁smaller ▁towns ▁tend ▁to ▁make ▁frequent ▁stops ▁to ▁pick ▁up ▁and ▁drop ▁off ▁passengers , ▁making ▁the ▁journey ▁longer , ▁though ▁often ▁more ▁interesting . ▁Many ▁trav ellers ▁prefer ▁to ▁use ▁the ▁direct ▁bus ▁services ▁between ▁San ▁Pedro ▁S ula ▁and ▁T eg uc ig al pa ; ▁the ▁three ▁services ▁are ▁Emp resa ▁Sa enz , ▁Emp resa ▁El ▁Re y ▁and ▁H ed man ▁Al as ▁. ▁ ▁To ▁catch ▁any ▁of ▁the ▁regional ▁services ▁for ▁a ▁journey ▁out ▁of ▁S igu ate pe que ▁towards ▁T eg uc ig al pa ▁or ▁Com ay ag ua , ▁a ▁taxi ▁can ▁be ▁taken ▁to ▁the ▁bus ▁shelter ▁on ▁the ▁main ▁highway , ▁next ▁to ▁the ▁pedest rian ▁bridge . ▁On ▁the ▁opposite ▁side ▁of ▁the ▁road ▁is ▁another ▁bus ▁shelter ▁( next ▁to ▁the ▁Tex aco ▁gas ▁station ) ▁that ▁serves ▁passengers ▁travelling ▁to ▁San ▁Pedro ▁and ▁dest inations ▁north ▁and ▁west . ▁ ▁Other ▁options ▁for ▁travel ▁to ▁or ▁from ▁S igu ate pe que ▁are ▁the ▁locally ▁based ▁direct ▁bus ▁services . ▁The ▁direct ▁bus ▁service ▁to / from ▁T eg uc ig al pa ▁is ▁called ▁Emp res as ▁Un idas ▁( loc ated ▁on ▁the ▁eastern ▁side ▁of ▁San ▁P ablo ▁square ) ▁Their ▁T eg uc ig al |
pa ▁terminal ▁is ▁in ▁the ▁Com ay ag uela ▁sector ▁of ▁the ▁city . ▁The ▁direct ▁service ▁to ▁and ▁from ▁San ▁Pedro ▁S ula ▁is ▁Emp res as ▁Et ul ▁and ▁its ▁bus es ▁leave ▁from ▁the ▁bus ▁station ▁one ▁block ▁west ▁of ▁San ▁P ablo ▁square . ▁This ▁bus ▁station ▁is ▁also ▁used ▁for ▁other ▁local ▁services ▁in ▁the ▁area . ▁ ▁To ▁travel ▁to ▁La ▁Es per anza ▁bus es ▁go ▁from ▁the ▁turn off ▁about ▁ 4 km ▁from ▁town ▁centre , ▁next ▁to ▁the ▁new ▁Tex aco ▁Service ▁Centre . ▁Bus es ▁from ▁here ▁will ▁travel ▁on wards ▁to ▁the ▁L enc a ▁high lands . ▁Five ▁kilometres ▁further ▁along ▁this ▁route ▁is ▁El ▁Por ven ir ▁village , ▁which ▁special ises ▁in ▁clay ▁hand ic raft s . ▁ ▁Medical ▁The ▁Ev angel ical ▁Hospital ▁attract s ▁clients ▁from ▁throughout ▁H ond uras . ▁Do zens ▁of ▁private ▁general ▁and ▁specialist ▁clin ics ▁operate ▁here , ▁in ▁particular ▁El ▁Carm en ▁Medical ▁Center , ▁Hospital ▁Las ▁Mercedes , ▁as ▁well ▁as ▁dental ▁clin ics . ▁About ▁ 1 5 ▁pharm acies ▁serve ▁the ▁local ity . ▁ ▁For ▁alternative ▁therap ies , ▁the ▁Hospital ▁de ▁Ac up unt ura ▁( loc ated ▁in ▁Bar rio ▁Mac ar uy a ) ▁offers ▁ac up unct ure , ▁dent istry , ▁her bal ▁medic ines , ▁sa una ▁and ▁massage . ▁ ▁For ▁a ▁town ▁its ▁size ▁the ▁city ▁has ▁prime ▁medical ▁attention ▁making ▁it ▁a ▁medical ▁destination ▁for |
▁the ▁country ▁and ▁region . ▁ ▁Category : M unicip al ities ▁of ▁the ▁Com ay ag ua ▁Department ▁Category : Pop ulated ▁places ▁in ▁H ond uras <0x0A> </s> ▁H å vard ▁or ▁Hav ard ▁may ▁refer ▁to : ▁ ▁Given ▁name : ▁H å vard ▁B ø k ko ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 7 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁speed sk ater ▁H å vard ▁B j erk eli ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 7 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁cross ▁country ▁sk ier ▁H å vard ▁Flo ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 0 ), ▁football ▁player ▁from ▁Norway ▁H å vard ▁G im se ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 6 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁classical ▁pian ist ▁from ▁Kong s ving er ▁H å vard ▁Hal v ors en ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 3 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁football ▁def ender ▁H å vard ▁Hol m ▁( 1 9 4 3 – 2 0 1 7 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁civil ▁servant ▁H å vard ▁Hom st ved t ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 6 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁painter ▁H å vard ▁J ø rg ensen , ▁song writer , ▁guitar ist ▁and ▁vocal ist ▁H å vard ▁K j ær stad ▁( born ▁ 1 9 4 7 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁business person ▁H å vard ▁K lem ets en ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 9 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁Nord ic ▁combined ▁sk ier ▁H å vard ▁Lie ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 5 ), ▁retired |
▁Norweg ian ▁ski ▁j umper ▁H å vard ▁L othe ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 2 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁musician ▁H å vard ▁Nord t ve it ▁( born ▁ 1 9 9 0 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁football er ▁H å vard ▁Rem ▁( born ▁ 1 9 5 9 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁author ▁H å vard ▁Sak ari assen ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 6 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁football ▁stri ker ▁H å vard ▁Sol b ak ken ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 3 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁cross ▁country ▁sk ier ▁H å vard ▁St orb æ k ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 6 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁football ▁mid f iel der ▁H å vard ▁T ved ten ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 8 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁hand ball ▁player ▁H å vard ▁T ve ite ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 2 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁or iente ering ▁compet itor ▁H å vard ▁V ad ▁Peters son ▁( born ▁ 1 9 8 4 ), ▁Norweg ian ▁cur ler ▁ ▁S urn ame : ▁Alexand re ▁Hav ard , ▁author ▁of ▁V irt uous ▁Lead ership ▁— ▁An ▁Ag enda ▁for ▁Personal ▁Excell ence ▁D ai ▁Hav ard ▁( born ▁ 1 9 5 0 ), ▁British ▁Labour ▁Party ▁politician ▁and ▁Member ▁of ▁Parliament ▁Flo yd ▁Hav ard ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 5 ), ▁British ▁super - fe ather weight ▁box ing ▁champion ▁Ken ny ▁Hav ard ▁( born ▁ 1 9 7 1 |
), ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁Louisiana ▁House ▁of ▁Represent atives ▁Michel ▁Hav ard ▁( born ▁ 1 9 6 7 ), ▁member ▁of ▁the ▁National ▁Assembly ▁of ▁France ▁Peter ▁Hav ard - Will iam s ▁( 1 9 2 2 – 1 9 9 5 ), ▁Wel sh ▁l ibr arian ▁and ▁library ▁educ ator ▁Ren é ▁Hav ard ▁( 1 9 2 3 – 1 9 8 7 ), ▁French ▁film ▁actor ▁Robert ▁Hav ard ▁( 1 9 0 1 – 1 9 8 5 ), ▁the ▁physician ▁of ▁C . S . ▁Lewis ▁and ▁his ▁wife ▁Joy ▁G resh am ▁Val ery ▁Hav ard ▁( 1 8 4 6 – 1 9 2 7 ), ▁career ▁army ▁officer , ▁physician , ▁author , ▁and ▁bot an ist ▁William ▁Thomas ▁Hav ard ▁MC ▁( 1 8 8 9 – 1 9 5 6 ), ▁Wel sh ▁First ▁World ▁War ▁military ▁chap l ain ▁and ▁rugby ▁union ▁international ▁player ▁ ▁Category : N or weg ian ▁mascul ine ▁given ▁names <0x0A> </s> ▁K EE F - TV , ▁channel ▁ 6 8 , ▁was ▁a ▁short - l ived ▁public ▁television ▁station ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles , ▁California . ▁It ▁operated ▁briefly ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 , ▁but ▁was ▁shut ▁down ▁after ▁only ▁a ▁few ▁months ▁of ▁operation ▁and ▁its ▁non - com mercial ▁educational ▁broadcast ▁license ▁ultimately ▁rev oked . ▁ ▁It ▁replaced ▁K V ST - TV , ▁a ▁television ▁broad c aster ▁which ▁broadcast ▁on ▁channel ▁ 6 8 ▁for |
▁less ▁than ▁two ▁years . ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁As ▁K V ST - TV ▁ ▁Channel ▁ 6 8 ▁was ▁used ▁originally ▁by ▁the ▁View er ▁S pons ored ▁Television ▁Foundation ▁as ▁K V ST - TV : ▁a ▁television ▁station ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁which ▁broadcast ▁from ▁May ▁ 5 , ▁ 1 9 7 4 ▁through ▁December ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁ ▁After ▁K C ET ▁originally ▁went ▁on ▁the ▁air ▁in ▁ 1 9 6 4 ▁its ▁owners , ▁Community ▁Television ▁of ▁Southern ▁California , ▁had ▁sought ▁Los ▁Angeles ' ▁second ▁non - com mercial ▁television ▁allocation ▁on ▁U H F ▁channel ▁ 5 8 . ▁The ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Un ified ▁School ▁District ▁and ▁the ▁View er ▁S pons ored ▁Television ▁Foundation ▁had ▁also ▁filed ▁applications ▁for ▁the ▁channel . ▁Eventually , ▁the ▁F CC ▁gave ▁the ▁construction ▁permit ▁for ▁channel ▁ 5 8 ▁to ▁the ▁School ▁District ▁to ▁build ▁K L CS , ▁a ▁secondary ▁P BS ▁member ▁station ▁launched ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 3 . ▁ ▁The ▁F CC , ▁however , ▁was ▁impressed ▁with ▁the ▁public ▁television ▁concept ▁of ▁the ▁View er ▁S pons ored ▁Television ▁Foundation ▁and ▁allocated ▁a ▁third ▁non - com mercial ▁channel ▁( U H F ▁ 6 8 ) ▁to ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁so ▁that ▁a ▁construction ▁permit ▁could ▁be ▁awarded ▁to ▁build ▁and ▁launch ▁K V ST . ▁ ▁K V ST ▁signed ▁on ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 4 . ▁B illed ▁as ▁a ▁significant |
▁experiment ▁in ▁using ▁television ▁to ▁promote ▁social ▁change , ▁K V ST - TV ▁operated ▁by ▁checking ▁out ▁portable ▁video ▁record ers ▁( the ▁only ▁type ▁which ▁existed ▁then ▁was ▁the ▁Sony ▁Port ap ak , ▁a ▁ 1 / 2 " ▁re el - to - re el ▁machine ▁with ▁a ▁separate ▁camera ) ▁to ▁community ▁organizations ▁which ▁were ▁" on ▁the ▁cutting ▁edge ▁of ▁social ▁change ". ▁Members ▁of ▁these ▁organizations ▁would ▁document ▁their ▁meetings ▁and ▁pro active ▁solutions ▁to ▁various ▁issues ▁within ▁the ▁communities ▁which ▁they ▁served . ▁This ▁material ▁would ▁then ▁be ▁edited ▁into ▁view able ▁TV ▁programs ▁for ▁broadcast . ▁ ▁The ▁aim ▁was ▁to ▁" put ▁television ▁in ▁the ▁hands ▁of ▁the ▁people " ▁inside ▁a ▁major ▁TV ▁market , ▁in ▁what ▁was ▁a ▁for er un ner ▁of ▁today ' s ▁public - access ▁television . ▁Trad itionally , ▁such ▁programming ▁could ▁be ▁found ▁mainly ▁on ▁local ▁cable ▁TV . ▁ ▁One ▁of ▁K V ST ' s ▁notable ▁programs ▁included ▁the ▁first ▁television ▁appearance ▁of ▁the ▁new ▁wave ▁rock ▁group ▁O ingo ▁Bo ingo ▁in ▁ 1 9 7 5 . ▁ ▁Due ▁to ▁technical ▁problems ▁( such ▁as ▁transm itting ▁the ▁audio ▁channel ▁too ▁high ▁from ▁the ▁video ▁channel ), ▁under fund ing ▁and ▁constant ▁internal ▁political ▁str ife ▁( the ▁station ▁went ▁through ▁three ▁man ag ements ▁in ▁its ▁short ▁lif es pan ), ▁K V ST ▁signed - off ▁after ▁only ▁ 1 9 ▁months ▁on ▁the ▁air . ▁The ▁channel ▁would |
▁remain ▁dark ▁for ▁over ▁a ▁decade . ▁ ▁As ▁K EE F - TV ▁ ▁In ▁ 1 9 8 3 , ▁the ▁Federal ▁Communications ▁Commission ▁( F CC ) ▁authorized ▁the ▁Black ▁Television ▁Work shop ▁to ▁construct ▁a ▁non - com mercial ▁TV ▁station ▁on ▁channel ▁ 6 8 ▁in ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁area . ▁The ▁station , ▁which ▁was ▁orient ed ▁to ▁black ▁and ▁His panic ▁viewers , ▁went ▁on ▁the ▁air ▁in ▁May ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁as ▁K D DE , ▁changed ▁its ▁call ▁letters ▁to ▁K EE F - TV ▁on ▁June ▁ 1 5 , ▁and ▁was ▁shut ▁down ▁on ▁August ▁ 8 ▁by ▁the ▁F CC ' s ▁Mass ▁Media ▁Bureau . ▁ ▁Most ▁viewers ▁were ▁un aware ▁of ▁K D DE / KE EF , ▁as ▁the ▁station ▁was ▁never ▁listed ▁in ▁TV ▁Guide ▁or ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Times ▁TV ▁list ings . ▁ ▁The ▁Bureau ▁alleged ▁that ▁the ▁station ▁had ▁used ▁different ▁anten nas ▁and ▁anten na ▁height ▁than ▁what ▁was ▁authorized ▁by ▁the ▁F CC . ▁Later , ▁other ▁questions ▁about ▁the ▁broad c aster ▁a rose ▁( including ▁a ▁dispute ▁over ▁control ▁of ▁the ▁station ), ▁and ▁on ▁June ▁ 2 3 , ▁ 1 9 9 3 ▁Black ▁Television ▁Work shop ' s ▁permit ▁was ▁rev oked . ▁ ▁Dem ise ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁an ▁article ▁appearing ▁in ▁the ▁Los ▁Angeles ▁Times ▁Cal endar ▁section , ▁un successful ▁efforts ▁were ▁made ▁in ▁the ▁early ▁ 1 9 9 0 s |
▁to ▁restart ▁Channel ▁ 6 8 ▁as ▁a ▁His panic ▁Christian ▁TV ▁station . ▁ ▁Channel ▁ 6 8 ▁was ▁last ▁used ▁in ▁Southern ▁California ▁by ▁K R CA - DT , ▁a ▁digital ▁sim ul cast ▁of ▁K R CA ▁( channel ▁ 6 2 ) ▁in ▁Rivers ide , ▁California . ▁As ▁of ▁the ▁end ▁of ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 9 ▁digital ▁television ▁transition , ▁channel ▁ 6 8 ▁was ▁outside ▁the ▁authorized ▁band ▁for ▁television ▁broadcast ing ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ; ▁K R CA ▁now ▁transm its ▁on ▁channel ▁ 3 5 . ▁ ▁Pl ans ▁for ▁the ▁digital ▁transition ▁did ▁not ▁include ▁a ▁digital ▁replacement ▁channel ▁for ▁the ▁former ▁channel ▁ 6 8 ▁allocation ▁in ▁Los ▁Angeles . ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁F CC ▁review ▁denied ▁- ▁ 1 9 9 4 ▁ ▁E EF - TV ▁Category : Def unct ▁ter rest rial ▁television ▁stations ▁in ▁the ▁United ▁States ▁Category : Tele vision ▁channels ▁and ▁stations ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 ▁Category : Tele vision ▁channels ▁and ▁stations ▁dis est ab lished ▁in ▁ 1 9 8 7 <0x0A> </s> ▁She nd i ▁Airport ▁is ▁an ▁airport ▁serving ▁She nd i ▁in ▁Sud an . ▁ ▁Category : Air ports ▁in ▁Sud an <0x0A> </s> ▁P uy - du - L ac ▁is ▁a ▁commune ▁in ▁the ▁Ch aren te - Mar itime ▁department ▁in ▁the ▁Nou velle - A qu it aine ▁region ▁in ▁south western ▁France . ▁ ▁Ge |
ography ▁The ▁river ▁B out onne ▁forms ▁the ▁commune ' s ▁sout he astern ▁and ▁southern ▁borders . ▁ ▁Pop ulation ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁Commun es ▁of ▁the ▁Ch aren te - Mar itime ▁department ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁IN SEE ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁▁ ▁P uy - du - L ac ▁on ▁the ▁Qu id ▁site ▁ ▁Location ▁of ▁P uy - du - L ac ▁on ▁the ▁map ▁of ▁France ▁ ▁Category : Comm unes ▁of ▁Ch aren te - Mar itime ▁Category : Ch aren te - Mar itime ▁communes ▁articles ▁needing ▁translation ▁from ▁French ▁Wikipedia <0x0A> </s> ▁The ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁of ▁Australia , ▁officially ▁called ▁the ▁Commonwealth ▁Co at ▁of ▁Ar ms , ▁is ▁the ▁formal ▁symbol ▁of ▁the ▁Commonwealth ▁of ▁Australia . ▁A ▁shield , ▁dep ict ing ▁symbols ▁of ▁Australia ' s ▁six ▁states , ▁is ▁held ▁up ▁by ▁the ▁native ▁Australian ▁animals ▁the ▁k ang ar oo ▁and ▁the ▁em u . ▁The ▁seven - point ed ▁Commonwealth ▁Star ▁sur mount ing ▁the ▁cre st ▁also ▁represents ▁the ▁states ▁and ▁territor ies , ▁while ▁fl oral ▁em ble ms ▁appear ▁below ▁the ▁shield . ▁ ▁The ▁first ▁arms ▁were ▁author ised ▁by ▁King ▁Edward ▁VII ▁on ▁ 7 ▁May ▁ 1 9 0 8 , ▁and ▁the ▁current ▁version ▁by ▁King ▁George ▁V ▁on ▁ 1 9 ▁September ▁ 1 9 1 2 , ▁although ▁the ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁version ▁continued ▁to ▁be ▁used ▁in ▁some ▁context s , ▁notably ▁appearing ▁on ▁the |
▁reverse ▁of ▁the ▁six pen ny ▁coin . ▁ ▁Design ▁The ▁esc ut che on ▁is ▁the ▁f ocal ▁point ▁of ▁the ▁coat ▁of ▁arms , ▁contained ▁within ▁is ▁the ▁bad ge ▁of ▁each ▁Australian ▁state , ▁the ▁whole ▁surrounded ▁by ▁an ▁ ermine ▁border ▁representing ▁the ▁feder ation ▁of ▁the ▁states . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁top ▁half , ▁from ▁left ▁to ▁right , ▁the ▁states ▁represented ▁are : ▁New ▁South ▁Wales , ▁Victoria ▁and ▁Queensland . ▁In ▁the ▁bottom ▁half , ▁from ▁left ▁to ▁right : ▁South ▁Australia , ▁Western ▁Australia , ▁and ▁T as mania . ▁Above ▁the ▁shield ▁is ▁the ▁seven - point ed ▁Commonwealth ▁Star ▁or ▁Star ▁of ▁Federation ▁above ▁a ▁blue ▁and ▁gold ▁w re ath , ▁forming ▁the ▁cre st . ▁Six ▁of ▁the ▁points ▁on ▁the ▁star ▁represent ▁the ▁original ▁six ▁states , ▁while ▁the ▁seventh ▁point ▁represents ▁the ▁combined ▁territor ies ▁and ▁any ▁future ▁states ▁of ▁Australia . ▁In ▁its ▁entire ty ▁the ▁shield ▁represents ▁the ▁feder ation ▁of ▁Australia . ▁ ▁The ▁red ▁K ang ar oo ▁and ▁em u ▁that ▁support ▁the ▁shield ▁have ▁never ▁been ▁designated ▁as ▁official ▁animal ▁em ble ms ▁of ▁the ▁nation . ▁They ▁owe ▁their ▁un off icial ▁recognition ▁to ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁they ▁are ▁end emic ▁Australian ▁fa una ▁( found ▁only ▁on ▁that ▁continent ), ▁and ▁likely ▁chosen ▁because ▁they ▁are ▁the ▁most ▁well - known ▁native ▁Australian ▁animals ▁large ▁enough ▁to ▁be ▁positioned ▁together ▁in ▁scale ▁holding ▁up ▁the ▁shield . ▁They ▁were ▁chosen ▁to |
▁symbol ise ▁a ▁nation ▁moving ▁forward , ▁based ▁on ▁the ▁fact ▁that ▁neither ▁animal ▁can ▁move ▁backwards ▁easily ▁– ▁i . e . ▁symbol ising ▁progress . ▁It ▁has ▁been ▁claimed ▁that ▁the ▁k ang ar oo ▁is , ▁and ▁must ▁be ▁seen ▁to ▁be , ▁male . ▁ ▁In ▁the ▁background ▁is ▁w re ath ▁of ▁golden ▁w attle , ▁the ▁official ▁national ▁fl oral ▁em blem , ▁though ▁the ▁representation ▁of ▁the ▁species ▁is ▁not ▁bot an ically ▁accurate . ▁At ▁the ▁bottom ▁is ▁a ▁scroll ▁that ▁contains ▁the ▁name ▁of ▁the ▁nation . ▁Neither ▁the ▁w re ath ▁of ▁w attle ▁nor ▁the ▁scroll ▁are ▁technically ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁design , ▁because ▁they ▁are ▁not ▁described ▁on ▁the ▁Royal ▁W arr ant ▁that ▁grants ▁the ▁arm orial ▁design . ▁ ▁Bl az on ▁ ▁The ▁official ▁bl az on ▁of ▁the ▁Commonwealth ▁ ▁was ▁included ▁within ▁a ▁Royal ▁W arr ant ▁of ▁King ▁George ▁V ▁on ▁ 1 9 ▁September ▁ 1 9 1 2 , ▁making ▁the ▁Ar ms ▁officially ▁adopted . ▁The ▁bl az on ▁is ▁as ▁follows : ▁ ▁History ▁ ▁Following ▁the ▁feder ation ▁of ▁Australia , ▁the ▁first ▁official ▁ ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁of ▁Australia ▁was ▁granted ▁by ▁King ▁Edward ▁VII ▁on ▁ 7 ▁May ▁ 1 9 0 8 . ▁The ▁original ▁design ▁is ▁thought ▁to ▁have ▁been ▁inspired ▁by ▁the ▁ 1 8 0 5 ▁Bow man ▁Flag , ▁which ▁showed ▁the ▁rose , ▁sh am rock ▁and ▁th ist le ▁supported ▁by |
▁a ▁k ang ar oo ▁and ▁em u . ▁▁ ▁It ▁consisted ▁of ▁a ▁shield ▁in ▁the ▁centre , ▁the ▁seven ▁pointed ▁star ▁on ▁a ▁w re ath ▁as ▁the ▁cre st ▁above ▁it , ▁and ▁a ▁k ang ar oo ▁and ▁an ▁em u ▁using ▁its ▁foot ▁to ▁help ▁the ▁k ang ar oo ▁to ▁support ▁the ▁shield , ▁all ▁on ▁a ▁bed ▁of ▁green ▁grass ▁with ▁a ▁scroll ▁containing ▁the ▁mot to ▁" Adv ance ▁Australia ". ▁The ▁selection ▁of ▁the ▁k ang ar oo , ▁the ▁em u ▁and ▁the ▁words , ▁" Adv ance ▁Australia " ▁was ▁tied ▁together ▁symbol ically . ▁The ▁shield ▁had ▁a ▁white ▁background , ▁with ▁a ▁red ▁cross ▁of ▁Saint ▁George , ▁blue ▁lines ▁outside ▁the ▁cross , ▁and ▁a ▁blue ▁border ▁containing ▁six ▁in es cut che ons ▁featuring ▁a ▁red ▁che v ron ▁on ▁white , ▁representing ▁the ▁six ▁states . ▁The ▁Scottish ▁Patri otic ▁Association ▁was ▁voc ally ▁opposed ▁to ▁the ▁shield ' s ▁design , ▁noting ▁that ▁it ▁should ▁display ▁the ▁Union ▁Jack ▁to ▁represent ▁British ▁and ▁Irish ▁sett lers . ▁These ▁arms ▁were ▁used ▁by ▁the ▁government ▁and ▁appeared ▁on ▁the ▁six p ence ▁coin ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁until ▁ 1 9 6 3 , ▁and ▁the ▁th re ep ence , ▁sh illing ▁and ▁fl or in ▁from ▁ 1 9 1 0 ▁to ▁ 1 9 3 6 . ▁ ▁The ▁ 1 9 0 8 ▁arms ▁were ▁re des igned ▁in ▁ 1 |
9 1 1 , ▁and ▁officially ▁granted ▁by ▁George ▁V ▁on ▁ 1 9 ▁September ▁ 1 9 1 2 . ▁The ▁re design ▁sp ur red ▁much ▁debate ▁in ▁Parliament . ▁The ▁Member ▁for ▁W ent worth , ▁Will ie ▁Kelly , ▁said : ▁" The ▁em u ▁and ▁k ang ar oo ▁are ▁so ▁built ▁that ▁they ▁hardly ▁fit ▁into ▁the ▁her ald ic ▁atmosphere , ▁and ▁I ▁think ▁we ▁make ▁ourselves ▁ridiculous ▁when ▁we ▁ende av our ▁to ▁carry ▁on ▁the ▁traditions ▁of ▁the ▁Old ▁World ▁with ▁some ▁of ▁the ▁wild ▁cre ations ▁of ▁our ▁Australian ▁fa una ." ▁ ▁Despite ▁ob jections , ▁the ▁k ang ar oo ▁and ▁em u ▁now ▁not ▁having ▁its ▁leg ▁up ▁remained ▁the ▁shield ▁bear ers ▁in ▁the ▁new ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁and ▁were ▁modified ▁to ▁appear ▁more ▁realistic . ▁The ▁principal ▁reason ▁for ▁the ▁re design ▁was ▁the ▁concern ▁that ▁Australia ' s ▁states ▁were ▁not ▁individually ▁represented ; ▁that ▁was ▁achieved ▁by ▁showing ▁each ▁state ' s ▁her ald ic ▁bad ge ▁on ▁the ▁shield . ▁The ▁new ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁removed ▁the ▁bed ▁of ▁grass ▁beneath ▁the ▁shield ▁and ▁changed ▁the ▁scroll ▁to ▁read ▁simply ▁" Austral ia ". ▁The ▁colours ▁in ▁the ▁w re ath ▁were ▁also ▁changed ▁from ▁blue ▁and ▁white ▁to ▁blue ▁and ▁gold . ▁A ▁background ▁of ▁two ▁spr ays ▁of ▁golden ▁w attle ▁was ▁added , ▁but ▁it ▁has ▁never ▁been ▁an ▁official ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁arm orial ▁bear ings , ▁even ▁though ▁the ▁golden |
▁w attle ▁was ▁pro claimed ▁Australia ' s ▁national ▁flower ▁on ▁ 1 9 ▁August ▁ 1 9 8 8 ▁by ▁the ▁Governor - General ▁Sir ▁N inian ▁Stephen . ▁ ▁The ▁use ▁of ▁each ▁state ' s ▁bad ge ▁had ▁been ▁a ▁feature ▁of ▁the ▁first ▁Great ▁Se al ▁of ▁Australia , ▁introduced ▁on ▁ 2 1 ▁January ▁ 1 9 0 4 , ▁where ▁they ▁surrounded ▁the ▁UK ▁Royal ▁Ar ms ; ▁according ▁to ▁Charles ▁R . ▁W yl ie , ▁bad ges ▁were ▁used ▁because ▁South ▁Australia ▁and ▁Western ▁Australia ▁did ▁not ▁yet ▁have ▁co ats ▁of ▁arms . ▁ ▁Use ▁The ▁Commonwealth ▁Co at ▁of ▁Ar ms ▁is ▁the ▁formal ▁symbol ▁of ▁the ▁Commonwealth ▁of ▁Australia ▁that ▁sign ifies ▁Commonwealth ▁authority ▁and ▁ownership . ▁The ▁Ar ms ▁are ▁used ▁by ▁Australian ▁Government ▁departments ▁and ▁agencies , ▁stat ut ory ▁and ▁non - stat ut ory ▁authorities , ▁the ▁Parliament ▁and ▁Commonwealth ▁courts ▁and ▁trib un als . ▁Sen ators ▁and ▁Federal ▁Members ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Parliament ▁may ▁also ▁use ▁the ▁Ar ms ▁in ▁the ▁course ▁of ▁their ▁duties ▁as ▁Parliament arians . ▁The ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁should ▁never ▁be ▁used ▁where ▁it ▁could ▁wrong ly ▁imply ▁a ▁formal ▁guarantee , ▁spons orship ▁or ▁endorse ment ▁by ▁the ▁Commonwealth . ▁Use ▁of ▁the ▁arms ▁by ▁private ▁citizens ▁or ▁organisations ▁is ▁rarely ▁permitted ; ▁however , ▁there ▁are ▁provisions ▁for ▁use ▁by ▁sport ing ▁bodies ▁and ▁in ▁educational ▁publications . ▁Use ▁of ▁the ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁without ▁permission ▁may ▁be ▁in |
▁bre ach ▁of ▁Se ctions ▁ 5 3 ▁( c ) ▁( d ) ▁and ▁( e ) ▁of ▁the ▁Trade ▁Pract ices ▁Act ▁ 1 9 7 4 , ▁Section ▁ 1 4 5 . 1 ▁of ▁the ▁Crim inal ▁Code ▁Act ▁ 1 9 9 5 ▁or ▁Section ▁ 3 9 ( 2 ) ▁of ▁the ▁Trade ▁Mark s ▁Act ▁ 1 9 9 5 . ▁The ▁import ▁of ▁goods ▁bearing ▁the ▁arms ▁is ▁also ▁illegal ▁according ▁to ▁the ▁Custom s ▁( Pro hib ited ▁Im ports ) ▁Reg ulations . ▁ ▁There ▁is ▁a ▁full ▁colour ▁version ▁and ▁nine ▁her ald ically ▁correct ▁official ▁versions ▁exist ▁for ▁single - col our ▁reprodu ction . ▁ ▁The ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁is ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁the ▁Queen ' s ▁Personal ▁Australian ▁Flag , ▁and ▁since ▁ 1 9 7 3 ▁a ▁slightly ▁modified ▁version ▁has ▁formed ▁the ▁basis ▁of ▁the ▁Great ▁Se al ▁of ▁Australia . ▁ ▁The ▁coat ▁of ▁arms ▁is ▁used ▁as ▁bad ge ▁of ▁rank ▁for ▁W arr ant ▁Off ic ers ▁Class ▁ 1 ▁( Ar my ) ▁and ▁W arr ant ▁Officer ▁( N avy ▁and ▁Air ▁Force ). ▁A ▁more ▁st yl ised ▁version ▁is ▁used ▁as ▁a ▁bad ge ▁of ▁rank ▁for ▁W arr ant ▁Officer ▁of ▁the ▁Navy , ▁Reg imental ▁Sergeant ▁Major ▁of ▁the ▁Army ▁and ▁W arr ant ▁Officer ▁of ▁the ▁Air ▁Force . ▁ ▁States ▁and ▁territor ies ▁ ▁C ities ▁ ▁See ▁also ▁▁ ▁Ab original ▁flag ▁ ▁Flag ▁of |
▁Australia ▁ ▁National ▁colours ▁of ▁Australia ▁ ▁R ising ▁Sun ▁( bad ge ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Ex ternal ▁links ▁ ▁Official ▁website ▁with ▁more ▁information ▁ ▁National ▁Archives ▁of ▁Australia . ▁Papers ▁relating ▁to ▁the ▁Commonwealth ▁Co at ▁of ▁Ar ms ▁ ▁Online ▁Exhib ition ▁comm emor ating ▁the ▁Cent en ary ▁of ▁the ▁N SW ▁Co at ▁of ▁Ar ms ▁ 1 9 0 6 – 2 0 0 6 ▁The ▁designer ▁of ▁the ▁N SW ▁Co at ▁of ▁Ar ms , ▁William ▁G ul lick , ▁was ▁also ▁involved ▁in ▁the ▁creation ▁of ▁the ▁Australian ▁Co at ▁of ▁Ar ms ▁ ▁Australia ▁Australia ▁Category : National ▁symbols ▁of ▁Australia ▁Australia ▁Australia ▁Australia ▁Australia ▁Australia <0x0A> </s> ▁Mod er ation ▁and ▁Development ▁Party ▁() ▁is ▁a ▁political ▁party ▁in ▁Iran . ▁It ▁is ▁a ▁pr ag matic - cent rist ▁political ▁party ▁which ▁held ▁its ▁first ▁congress ▁in ▁ 2 0 0 2 . ▁ ▁Platform ▁The ▁party ▁is ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁f action ▁called ▁" mod ern ist ▁right ", ▁" mod er ate ▁reform ists " ▁and ▁" techn ocr ats " ▁that ▁draws ▁from ▁upper - level ▁bureau cr ats , ▁industrial ists ▁and ▁managers . ▁It ▁deals ▁with ▁a ▁platform ▁on ▁modern ization ▁and ▁economic ▁growth ▁rather ▁than ▁social ▁justice , ▁along ▁with ▁the ▁Execut ives ▁of ▁Construction ▁Party ▁and ▁the ▁Islamic ▁Labour ▁Party . ▁ ▁The ▁party ▁has ▁been ▁all ied ▁with ▁Popular ▁Coal ition ▁of ▁Re forms ▁and ▁P erv as ive ▁Coal ition |
▁of ▁Re form ists ▁in ▁parliament ary ▁elections ▁and ▁has ▁had ▁good ▁relations ▁with ▁both ▁Moh amm ad ▁K hat ami ’ s ▁reform ▁program ▁and ▁Ak bar ▁Has he mi ▁Raf s anj ani . ▁In ▁April ▁ 2 0 1 7 , ▁the ▁party ▁joined ▁the ▁sup reme ▁polic ym aking ▁council ▁of ▁reform ists . ▁ ▁Some ▁sources ▁brand ed ▁them ▁as ▁part ▁of ▁the ▁conservative ▁camp ▁in ▁the ▁ 2 0 0 0 s ▁or ▁reform ists ▁under ▁the ▁leadership ▁of ▁Ak bar ▁Has he mi ▁Raf s anj ani . ▁In ▁ 2 0 0 3 , ▁the ▁party ' s ▁spokes person ▁wrote ▁in ▁Ham sh ah ri ▁that ▁the ▁party ▁regards ▁itself ▁among ▁" true ▁reform ists ", ▁who ▁are ▁ideal ists ▁considering ▁" social ▁real ities " ▁interpreted ▁with ▁the ▁" pr incip le ▁of ▁moder ation ". ▁ ▁According ▁to ▁Ali ▁Af sh ari , ▁the ▁party ▁prior it izes ▁economic ▁expansion ▁and ▁follows ▁free ▁market ▁policies , ▁however ▁a ▁minority ▁f action ▁represented ▁by ▁members ▁such ▁as ▁Nob ak ht , ▁advocate ▁institutional ized ▁economy ▁and ▁maintain ▁that ▁the ▁government ▁should ▁inter f ere ▁to ▁reg ulate ▁markets ▁to ▁a ▁limited ▁extent . ▁They ▁support ▁limited ▁political ▁and ▁cultural ▁transform ations , ▁and ▁believe ▁political ▁activ ism ▁should ▁only ▁be ▁within ▁the ▁framework s ▁of ▁the ▁constitution . ▁The ▁party ▁also ▁embr aces ▁Vel ay at ▁Fa q ih . ▁ ▁President ial ▁candidates ▁ ▁Members ▁ ▁Current ▁office holders ▁▁ ▁Cab inet |
▁ ▁Hass an ▁Rou h ani , ▁President ▁of ▁Iran ▁ ▁Mah m oud ▁V ae zi , ▁Chief ▁of ▁Staff ▁ ▁Moh amm ad ▁Bag her ▁Nob ak ht , ▁Vice ▁President ▁for ▁Str ategy ▁ ▁Mas oud ▁Sol tan if ar , ▁Minister ▁of ▁Sports ▁Parliament ▁ ▁Bah ram ▁Pars ae i ▁( Sh ir az ) ▁ ▁Z ah ra ▁S ae i ▁( Tab riz , ▁O sk u ▁and ▁Az ar sh ahr ) ▁ ▁Ali ▁Nob ak ht ▁( Te hr an , ▁Re y , ▁She mir an at ▁and ▁E sl am sh ahr ) ▁ ▁R ame z an ali ▁S ob han if ar ▁( S ab z ev ar , ▁J og h ata i ▁and ▁J ove yn ) ▁ ▁Had i ▁Bah ador i ▁( U rm ia ) ▁ ▁Sak ine h ▁Al mas i ▁( K ang an , ▁Jam , ▁Day yer ▁and ▁As al uy eh ) ▁ ▁R as oul ▁K he z ri ▁( P ir ans h ahr ▁and ▁S ard as ht ) ▁ ▁Sh ad me hr ▁Kaz em z ade h ▁( De h lor an , ▁Dar resh ahr ▁and ▁Abd an an ) ▁ ▁Re ferences ▁ ▁Category : Cent r ism ▁in ▁Iran ▁Category : Re form ist ▁political ▁groups ▁in ▁Iran ▁Category : Pol it ical ▁parties ▁established ▁in ▁ 1 9 9 9 ▁Category : 1 9 9 9 ▁establish ments ▁in ▁Iran ▁Category : |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.