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<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of fibroadenoma? [/INST] Most people with fibroadenoma do not present with any symptoms. Majority of the time, people visit their health care provider due to a mass felt in the breast. But, some patients may present with breast pain and may notice a difference in the size of one breast compared to the other. </s> |
<s>[INST] What causes fibroadenoma? [/INST] The exact cause of fibroadenoma is unknown. It is believed that it may be related to the tissues in the breast being extra sensitive to the hormone estrogen. </s> |
<s>[INST] Who is at highest risk for Fibroadenoma ? [/INST] Certain factors can predispose to the development of fibroadenoma. They include:
Women younger than 35 years Being overweight People who have had benign breast disease in the past A family history of multiple fibroadenomas. This risk factor predisposes patients to developing multiple fibroadenomas. Taking oral contraceptives before the age of 20. </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Fibroadenoma ? [/INST] If you notice any changes in size of the breast mass, pain or change in the pain pattern, you should contact your health care provider. </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Fibroadenoma (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] The outcome of fibroadenoma is excellent with the survival rate being equal to that of the general population. Most fibroadenomas resolve completely. This is very common in the adolescent population. There is a slight chance of developing breast cancer. </s> |
<s>[INST] What Colors Are Available? [/INST] You can select a color on the Web colors page. </s> |
<s>[INST] Where do I type in the references? [/INST] Usually you would type a number in the text like this (1) or this 1 which refers to a reference you would like to cite. You would then type in the reference at the end of the article. This is not the preferred method in WikiDoc.
WikiDoc features an automated reference manager. The advantages of this reference manager are that:
The references are numbered automatically! When you move the text, the reference moves with it! You can click on the reference and go directly to the article!
Unlike the usual format where you type in the references at the end of the article, when you use the WikiDoc reference manager, you insert code for the reference right after the material you want to add a reference to. You use a software program to add in the references. The next section describes how to use the software program. </s> |
<s>[INST] What if I don't want to use the reference manager? What if I just want to type the references in myself? [/INST] You are not required to use the reference manager. You can do the following:
Step 1: Place a <ref>... </ref> immediately after the sentence where you want a footnote number to appear.
Step 2: Type the text of the note between the ref tags. For example if I typed this
It would appear as this
Note: If you intend on using the same manual reference more than once, you will need to assign a name to the reference. You can do this by writing <ref name="anythingyouwanthere">... </ref>. Your name can be anything you want. Without a name, every manual reference will be viewed as a unique reference. This means that a reference used multiple times will show up as multiple references instead of just the one. </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I make the references appear at the bottom of the article? [/INST] Put the following code in:
This will generate your references in small font, in two columns, with links to the original article and abstract. It will return text that looks like this: </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Search For The Page I Want to Create? [/INST] First you need to search for the disease name of the page you are creating to see if the page already exists. For more information on searching, click here. You should also search for synonyms or other names of the disease, so you do not duplicate content. If the page already exists, but is not microchaptered, you may create a new microchaptered page for the disease and then re-organize the old contents into a microchaptered page. Only microchapter the page if it is over one-and-a-half pages in length, and there is enough or will be enough content to be put into microchapters. This can be done by following the instructions below to create a microchapter template, and then simply copying and pasting the information you are re-organizing into the standardized microchapters. </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Create A Microchapter Template? [/INST] If the disease page does not exist, you will create a new microchaptered page using the following directions. For example, if you were creating a page on jaundice that did not exist: First you need to go to the page WikiDoc Disease Microchapter Template which is listed on the home page under "Advanced Editing". Click on the edit tab, and copy all of the text in the edit box. Type into the main wikidoc search box "Template:Jaundice" (without the quotation marks). Click on where it says "create the page Template:Jaundice on this Wiki". Click on the edit box, and paste all of the microchapter template information into the edit box. The top of the edit box has two blank boxes, the top one with binocular icons next to it, and the bottom one with red arrows next to it. In the top box put "type page name here", and in the bottom box type the name of the disease page you are creating. Click on the red arrows at the right side of the bottom box, and continue to click on it until you get to end of the edit box. This will put the disease name in all the microchapter navigation boxes, so that they link to the appropriate pages. Remove cells that are not relevant to the disease that you are working on. Click save at the bottom of the edit box. You now have a microchapter navigation template which will be inserted in all of the microchapter pages you create. </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Create the Microchaptered Home Page? [/INST] Search in the Wikidoc search box for the disease name. It is a good idea to search for synonyms of the disease name, so that if someone has already created a similar page, you can add new content, or incorporate the old content into a new page. For example, for jaundice, search for "Jaundice", then click on where it says "Create the page Jaundice on this Wiki". You would then type in the edit box {{Jaundice}}. Click save at the bottom of the edit box, and the main page should show the microchapters listed on the right side of the main page. You will use the microchapter template in all of the subsequent microchapter pages you eventually make by typing into the edit box {{jaundice}}. This leads to ease of navigation, as regardless of which microchapter page you are viewing, you can easily click back to the home page or to other microchapter pages.
The home page also contains links to the individual microchapter pages, in the appropriate order, as seen here. For this you would type into the edit box of the home page ==Jaundice historical perspective|Historical Perspective==. On the left side of the vertical line in the brackets is the link to the page, and on the right side is how we want the link to appear on the page. It would look like this on the main page Historical Perspective. You can use the template found here. Copy all the template information in the edit box. Paste it into the home page of the microchaptered you are creating. Use search and replace; so put "Type page name here" in the top window, and the name of the disease (ie; Jaundice) in the lower box. Click the red button on the right side of these boxes to replace the terms. Remove links that are not relevant to the disease that you are creating. The links on the home page should match, and be in the same order, as the cells in the microchapter navigation template.
For more information on creating links, click here. As you can see, although the microchapter pages only have the first letter of the heading capitalized, the way that the links appear on the home page is different. It is important to maintain consistency, so as an example to reference capitalizations and correct nomenclature, click here. </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Create the Individual Pages Within a Microchaptered Page? [/INST] The home page will show the microchapter navigation template on the right of the screen, and the headings of the microchapters in the middle section of the page, which will also link to the microchapters. To view this on a home page, and practice navigating a microchaptered page, click here. As you create new microchapter pages, you will create a link on the home page. To create a new microchapter page, click on the appropriate section within the microchapter navigation template on the home page. Click on "Create the page _____" on this wiki!" Create the page using the appropriate template listed on the main page. Be sure to include the microchapter navigation template {{jaundice}} on each microchapter page. </s> |
<s>[INST] What is a user page? [/INST] Every user account on WikiDoc has an identity page called the user page. This page serves as a way to introduce individual users to the editing community. Unlike most pages that have standard convention, this page is the one place you can express your creativity. </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I find my user page? [/INST] Your user page can be accessed at the top right corner of every page.
Your user page will have to be created by you. It is your choice what information you would like displayed. You have the ability to delete any information you do not want shared with the editing community. </s> |
<s>[INST] How can I personalize my user page? [/INST] There are lots of ways you can personalize your page!
Below is a template for how to code a user page for all of these. If you copy the code below and paste it to your page, you can replace the information with your own.
What it looks like What you type Your Name Muhammad Haisum Maqsood, MD Contact: Email: [email protected] Current Position Research Fellow Professional Background Education Medical Degree (MD) from King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan Brief Biography <nowiki> __NOTOC__ ==Your Name=='''Muhammad Haisum Maqsood, MD'''Image:NameofYourPicture.jpg|right|frame|100px Title on WikiDoc <br />Contact:<br /> Email: mailto:[email protected] [email protected]<br /> ==Current Position== * Your Role in WikiDoc (list chapters here)<br /> ==Professional Background== ==Education== Medical Degree (MD) from King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan ==Brief Biography==
At the top right click on'edit source' to input the template. </s> |
<s>[INST] When do I need to redirect a page? [/INST] Sometimes a topic will have multiple names or abbreviations, and you will want to direct them all to one page.
For example take the page ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. The names STEMI, MI, Acute MI, Myocardial Infarction, AMI all are redirected to the page ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction.
To redirect a page A to a different page B (also called target page), enter the following redirecting command at the top of redirecting page.
For example, to redirect the MI page (redirecting page) to the ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction page (target page), edit the MI page and enter:
To redirect a page A to a section C(target section) in page B, enter the following redirecting command at the top of redirecting page.
For example, to redirect the Holosystolic Murmur page (redirecting page) to the Holosystolic (Pansystolic) Murmurs section (target section) in page Heart murmur, edit the Holosystolic Murmur page and enter:
If a spelling mistake occurs in a title such as STElevation Myocardial Infarction, it is not possible for a regular user to move the page with all its history. It is however possible to create a redirect. A new page ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction must be created first, and the contents from the old page must be copied manually. Then the old page STElevation Myocardial Infarction must be edited and its source code replaced by:
Don't make (a redirect that points to another redirect); they don't work, they create slow, unpleasant experiences for the reader, and they make the navigational structure of the site confusing.
To learn more about redirects click here. </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I change the color of a font? [/INST] Typing this:
Yields this red text:
your text
Are there other colors? You can create text in any hexadecimal color.
Typing this:
Creates your text with hexadecimal color #1f4099:
your text </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I display the computer code so that I can teach people the underlying commands? [/INST] Type <nowiki> before the content and type after the content </nowiki> </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I change the size of a font? [/INST] The fonts come in sizes from 1 to 7. The standard size is 3, unless otherwise specified in the <body> or other tags.
Typing this:
Creates a bigger font size of size 4:
your text
Typing this:
Creates text with size 1 bigger than the standard:
your text
Typing this:
Creates text with size 1 smaller than the standard:
your text </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I change the typeface of a font? [/INST] Typing this:
Makes text with Courier font:
your text </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I insert an image? [/INST] For instructions on how to insert an image, Click here </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I insert a reference? [/INST] To learn how to insert references Click here </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I add a page to a category? [/INST] At some point it becomes useful to classify the information according to categories. An example of a category in use is this Help page (see link at the very bottom). To create a category, simply add (for each category) a line as follows:
Typing this:
Adds the page to the Category of Cardiology chapters.
It is convention to insert these lines near the bottom of the wiki page. Once your edit is saved, the category will exist and add the page to it.
Please use one of the following approved categories to tag a page: </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I insert and remove a table of contents? [/INST] You add the text
somewhere within the page (it can be added to the bottom of the page) in order to remove the table of contents.
Typing
will put a table of contents in the location of the text. </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I create a 'Return to top' link? [/INST] For a long page with multiple sections, sometimes you might want your reader to be able to return to the top of the page without having to scroll all the way up. To do this, you can make a'Return to top' link. You need to know the name of your page (Pagename) and to select a section (TopSection) from the top of the page (click here to learn how to create sections.)
In general,
creates the'Return to top' link.
For example, on this page:
creates: Return to top </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I upload a file to the site so it can be downloaded by others? [/INST] First, click on upload file on the toolbox menu to upload the file from your computer to WikiDoc.
Put two square brackets on either side of the file's name to create a link to it so that it can be downloaded like this:
Example: You have uploaded a file named DSMB charter.doc
To create the link, you simply type: </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I edit the left sidebar? [/INST] In the search box type:
mediawiki:sidebar
This editing function may be restricted to administrators of WikiDoc. </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I create a link straight to a picture? [/INST] Use the following syntax: </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I put those big quotes around a section of a guidelines statement for instance? [/INST] You use the cquote temple and type this:
{{cquote|text goes here}}
And it looks like this: </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I upload a slide or a slideset for downloading? [/INST] 1. First upload your slides to the server by clicking on the button on the left toolbar that says "Upload file" or by clicking here
2. Follow the instructions on that page.
3. There will be a box that says "Destination filename"
4. Copy the name of the file from this box
5. Insert the following code media:your filename goes here </s> |
<s>[INST] What About More Sophisticated Tools for Editing? [/INST] To access a more sophisticated tools set for editing, create a page called User:USERNAME/monobook.js. If your username was Johndoe the name of the page would be User:Johndoe/monobook.js
On this page type or paste the following text (it's a template and activates an editing compute program): {{subst:wikEd}}
If you are logged in, you can also access it here: Special:Mypage/monobook.js
Template:WikiDoc Sources </s> |
<s>[INST] Why log in? [/INST] You don't have to log in to read any MediaWiki wiki. You don't even have to log in to edit a MediaWiki wiki - anyone can edit almost anypage, even without logging in.
However, it's still a good idea to log in, for these reasons:
Other users will be able to recognise you by your username when you make changes to pages. As a "name" an IP address is somewhat clumsy. Also, if you use computers at different locations (home, office, internet cafe, etc.) you have a different IP-address in each case; even in the same location, depending on the Internet connection, the IP-address may be different each time. Therefore a username is better to maintain an identity. You will have your own user page where you can write a bit about yourself, and a user talk page which you can use to communicate with other users. You will be able to mark an edit as minor, which avoids inconvenience for other users. You will be able to keep track of changes to pages you are interested in using a watch list. If you choose to give an email address, other users will be able to contact you by email. This feature is anonymous - the user who emails you will not know your email address. You don't have to give your email address if you don't want to. Check the privacy policy of the individual site you're visiting, if any (for example, Wikipedia's draft privacy policy) You will be able to rename pages. You will be able to set your own preferences, to change things such as: The number of pages displayed in Recent changes The fonts, colours and layout of the site, by using different skins. </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Insert a Whole Bunch of Pictures in Gallery like format? [/INST] If you use the following text below, the image below this will appear:
This code generates the following image: </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I get it to insert only 3 pictures across in a galler? [/INST] Displays the following </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Align the Gallery to the right or left and have text float around it? [/INST] To achieve the format below:
Normal arteriole Hypertensive arteriole with wall thickening and myocyte hypertrophy Arteriole in HCM patient with periarteriole fibrosis and thicknening
Compared to normal arterioles on the left, the arterioles from a patient with hyertension (middle) show moderate periarteriolar thickening and fibrosis. Shown on the right is a patient with HCM in which there is even more signficant periarteriolar thickening and fibrosis. This thickening of the wall of the intramyocardial arterioles leads to an increased wall/lumen ratio, subendocardial ischemia and impaired coronary flow reserve.
Use this code: </s> |
<s>[INST] Who can contribute to the Incidence and Prevalence Project? [/INST] The Incidence and Prevalence Project is intended for editors at an Assistant Editor-in-Chief level or higher. It is specifically designed for students of all levels (high school, college, medical school, and doctoral programs) to help hone their quantitative research skills. </s> |
<s>[INST] Why Are Some Links Black Instead of Blue? [/INST] WikiDoc automatically checks to see if the target of a wikilink exists. If the page doesn't exist, the link is black and the link leads to the editing screen so that the page can be created/edited. </s> |
<s>[INST] What is the Educational Level of the Audience? [/INST] Content on the patient information page should be pitched at the 5th or 6th grade educational level. </s> |
<s>[INST] How Should the Page be Structured? [/INST] In order to promote consistency, there is a standard structure to the patient pages. We will use the pericarditis page as an example how to structure pages throughout this tutorial.
At the top of each patient page there is what is known as a "template". This template is essentially a computer program. It allows navigation to and from selected physician pages. The template is surrounded by brackets and looks like this:
{{Pericarditis}}
The next line of code indicates that the physician page of WikiDoc can be found "here". Again using the pericaridits page as an example, the code would look like this:
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click Pericarditis|here'''
In order to promote consistency, the following topics are generally covered on each patient information page. Again we use the example from pericarditis to show the coding that you would use to create these traditional sections:
==What is pericarditis?== ==What are the symptoms of pericarditis?== ==What causes Pericarditis?== ==Who is at highest risk?== ==When to seek urgent medical care== ==Treatment options== ==Where to find medical care for Pericarditis== http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Pericarditis}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Pericarditis that the specter. ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)== ==Possible complications== ==Sources== </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of (disease name)? [/INST] Here you can list the symptoms that the patient may notice. Remember that signs are different from symptoms. For an example of the symptoms section in a patient information page, click here. </s> |
<s>[INST] What causes (disease name)? [/INST] Here you can list the causes of the disease. Remember this is what causes the disease, not what the disease causes. For an example of the causes section on a patient information page, click here. </s> |
<s>[INST] Who is at highest risk for Patient information page template? [/INST] Here you can list, or write in sentences, the most common risk factors for developing the disease.
This section can be separated into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors if appropriate.
For an example of a risk factors section on a patient information page, click here. </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Patient information page template? [/INST] This section should focus on the symptoms that may indicate impending life threatening situations, or significant worsening.
For an example of a section detailing this on a patient information page, click here </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Patient information page template (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] In this section you should provide a brief statement of what the patient might expect as the prognosis of their condition.
Include prognosis with and without treatment, and also the likelihood of a certain outcome occurring.
For an example of the prognosis section on a patient information page, click here. </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of pleomorphic adenoma? [/INST] Patients usually present with a history of swelling, which is gradual in onset and painless. The majority of patients with pleomorphic adenoma are asymptomatic. The symptoms mainly depend upon the size, location and the potential to undergo malignant transformation. When pleomorphic adenoma arises from the parotid gland patients present with: Dry mouth Difficulty in swallowing Hoarseness Dyspnea Difficulty in chewing When the tumor arises from the lacrimal glands patients presents with: Diplopia Proptosis Slight fullness in the temporal upper eyelid Visual impairment </s> |
<s>[INST] What causes (disease name)? [/INST] There are no established causes for the development of pleomorphic adenoma. However some clonal chromosomal abnormalities with aberrations involving 8q12 and 12q15 have been described. Oncogenic simian virus (SV40) may play a role in the onset or progression of pleomorphic adenoma. </s> |
<s>[INST] Who is at highest risk for Pleomorphic adenoma ? [/INST] The risk factors for the development of Pleomorphic adenoma are as follows:
Prior head and neck irradiation is a risk factor for the development of Pleomorphic adenoma. Environmental factors Occupations associated with increased risk include: Rubber products manufacturing Asbestos mining Plumbing Some types of wood working Hair dressing </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Pleomorphic adenoma ? [/INST] This section should focus on the symptoms that may indicate impending life threatening situations, or significant worsening.
For an example of a section detailing this on a patient information page, click here </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Pleomorphic adenoma (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] Prognosis is generally excellent for most of the patients after surgical resection. Depending on the extent of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary sometimes. Recurrence can be a problem if the tumor arises from the parotid gland. 2-7% of cases can go into malignant transformation if left untreated. </s> |
<s>[INST] Who can contribute to the (project name) project? [/INST] A quick statement about the intended specialty this applies to. Please indicate if this is an Assistant, Associate or Editor-in-Chief level project.
Example: "This project is intended for editors at an Assistant Editor-in-Chief level or higher. This may be the right project for you if you are a (choose all that apply: college student, medical student, intern, resident, attending physician, hospitalist, specialist, medical faculty, researcher, nurse, physician assistant, nurse practitioner, and allied health professional)." </s> |
<s>[INST] Why redirect a page? [/INST] Sometimes a topic will have multiple names or abbreviations, and you will want to direct them all to one page
For example take the page ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. The names STEMI, MI, Acute MI, Myocardial Infarction, AMI all are redirected to the page ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Redirect To A Subheading of the Page Instead of the Page in General? [/INST] Say you want to redirect the page "Alcohol septal ablation" to a section of the parent page entitled Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy interventional cardiology. You can redirect to a specific subheading within a page by putting the name of the page followed by the hatch mark of the subheading you want to direct to. The example for alcohol septal ablation is shown below:
If a spelling mistake occurs in a title such as STElevation Myocardial Infarction, it is not possible for a regular user to move the page with all its history. It is however possible to create a redirect. A new page ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction must be created first, and the contents from the old page must be copied manually. Then the old page STElevation Myocardial Infarction must be edited and its source code replaced by:
Don't make a redirect that points to another redirect. This is called a double redirect. These redirects don't work, and they can create a slow, unpleasant experience for the reader.
Template:WikiDoc Sources </s> |
<s>[INST] Where do I type in the references? [/INST] Usually you would type a number in the text like this (1) or this 1 which refers to a reference you would like to cite. You would then type in the reference at the end of the article. This is not the preferred method in WikiDoc.
WikiDoc features an automated reference manager. The advantages of this reference manager are that:
The references are numbered automatically! When you move the text, the reference moves with it! You can click on the reference and go directly to the article!
Unlike the usual format where you type in the references at the end of the article, when you use the WikiDoc reference manager, you insert code for the reference right after the material you want to add a reference to. You use a software program to add in the references. The next section describes how to use the software program. </s> |
<s>[INST] What if I don't want to use the reference manager? What if I just want to type the references in myself? [/INST] You are not required to use the reference manager. You can do the following:
Step 1: Place a <ref>... </ref> immediately after the sentence where you want a footnote number to appear.
Step 2: Type the text of the note between the ref tags. For example if I typed this
It would appear as this
Note: If you intend on using the same manual reference more than once, you will need to assign a name to the reference. You can do this by writing <ref name="anythingyouwanthere">... </ref>. Your name can be anything you want. Without a name, every manual reference will be viewed as a unique reference. This means that a reference used multiple times will show up as multiple references instead of just the one. </s> |
<s>[INST] How do I make the references appear at the bottom of the article? [/INST] Put the following code in:
This will generate your references in small font, in two columns, with links to the original article and abstract. It will return text that looks like this: </s> |
<s>[INST] How Can I See A List of All the Pages in WikiDoc? [/INST] Either: </s> |
<s>[INST] What is an .SVG? [/INST] A Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG) is an vector image which is constructed through mathematical expressions rather than a bitmap of RBG colors corresponding to each pixel. Because vector images are mathematically defined, they retain their quality no matter the resolution of the monitor on which they are displayed. This means an.SVG image that is displayed at a size of 2 inches will have lines that are just as crisp as an image that is displayed at 4 inches in size. This makes.SVG images ideal for things like text that will be displayed at various sizes. However, because each element of a.SVG image is represented as a mathematical expression, these images are often larger in size than corresponding raster images. </s> |
<s>[INST] When Should I Use an .SVG Image? [/INST] Vector images, such as an.SVG, are not always appropriate, especially for certain web applications. The following is a list of times when a.SVG may be more appropriate than a.JPG,.GIF, or.PNG:
High image quality is required for monitors in a large range of resoltion, such as both on an mobile device and a TV display The file size is not critical. E.g., for uses where the user is expected to have a strong internet connection. The image involves text and will be viewed on various types of displays The text within the image needs to be searchable </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Place an .SVG on a Page? [/INST] The following is a list of steps to allow you place an.SVG in a page on WikiDoc:
Code in MediaWiki Result <img src="<YOUR IMAGE URL>" style="width:200px;height:200px;" /> For example, <img src="http://static.wikidoc.org/1/10/Help-1.svg" style="width:200px;height:200px;" /> </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Format an .SVG Image? [/INST] What it looks like What you type A picture: A picture: Image:humanbody.jpg With alternative text: With alternative text: Image:humanbody.jpg|Anatomy Alternative text, used when a mouse hovers over the image or when the image is not loaded in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud, is strongly encouraged. </s> |
<s>[INST] Where Do I Find Synonyms? [/INST] Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
MedlinePlus
Google Search
Diseases Database
Whonamedit </s> |
<s>[INST] Where Is The Content Located On The Page? [/INST] Synonyms and keywords are listed at the top of the page, as seen here. </s> |
<s>[INST] What Is The Syntax Of The Content? [/INST] Type {{SK}} into the edit box. On the page it will appear like this: Synonyms and keywords: List the synonyms. The general method of listing is to capitalize the first letter of the first synonym, and thereafter only capitalize letters of proper nouns. Separate each synonym with a semicolon and a space. Note the use of abbreviated terms, the plural version of the terms, and alternative order of the words in the term. If there is a British spelling or version of the word, this should also be included under synonyms and keywords. The list of synonyms and keywords appear as outlined below, and should be complete and exhaustive. A good example of a complete, exhaustive list of synonyms and keywords is for Premature Ventricular Complex:
Synonyms and keywords: Premature ventricular beat; premature ventricular beats; premature ventricular complex; premature ventricular complexes; premature ventricular contraction; premature ventricular contractions; PVB; PVBs; PVC; PVCs; VEA; VEB; VEBs; VES; ventricular ectopic activity; ventricular ectopic beat; ventricular ectopic beats; ventricular extrasystole; ventricular premature beat; ventricular premature beats; ventricular premature complex; ventricular premature complexes; ventricular premature contraction; ventricular premature contractions; VPB; VPBs; VPC; VPCs </s> |
<s>[INST] What If Someone Searches For The Synonym? [/INST] The synonyms should be created into redirects, so that anyone searching for the synonym will be automatically directed to the disease page you are creating.
First check that the synonyms do not already have pages that exist. If duplicate pages exist, they should all be redirected to a single page. This is to avoid duplicating content for the same disease.
Creating a redirect: For example, to create a redirect so that someone searching for the synonym Alport syndrome would be directed to the hereditary nephritis page, type Alport syndrome into the main search box on Wikidoc. If the page has not been created, it will say "There were no results matching this query". Click where it says "create the page Alport syndrome on this Wiki!", which will take you directly to the edit box. Type in the edit box #redirectHereditary nephritis Click the save button at the bottom of the edit box.
After you have created the redirect, test it out by searching for the redirect you created.
You can also create redirects for alternate spellings or errors that could be made when searching for a disease. For example, you could create redirects for "Alport's syndrome", "Alpert syndrome", or "Alpert's syndrome". For more help on how to create redirects, click here.
Template:WikiDoc Sources </s> |
<s>[INST] What is a template? [/INST] A template is a computer program that generates the same content on multiple pages. For example, the help menu that appears at the bottom of the page is a template that appears on all pages. If you edited a page, at the bottom of that page, you would see the code {{WH}}. This tells the software to insert the help menu at the bottom of the page. </s> |
<s>[INST] What is WikiDoc? [/INST] WikiDoc (<wee-kee doc> or <wick-ey doc>): WikiDoc is an open source website that allows an international community of healthcare professionals to add and edit medical content in a process termed co-creation. WikiDoc is designed to facilitate collaborative authoring.
WikiDoc allows a community of healthcare professionals to'co-create' webpages in a way that does not require knowledge of HTML language or computer programming. As a result, numerous people can collaborate in writing articles, textbook chapters or news stories. Prior versions of webpages are stored, and at any time, a page can be reverted to any of its previous states. The'Discussion' tab allows the community of users to discuss rapidly evolving issues so that a consensus can be reached regarding WikiDoc content. WikiDoc members can choose to be alerted by email when changes are made to a topic they are interested in by clicking on the'Watch' tab. </s> |
<s>[INST] Why Did You Create WikiDoc? [/INST] View a TEDx Talk by Dr. Gibson about WikiDoc here
"The tribe is smarter than any one" C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.
I grew up as an only child in Oklahoma. One of the only books I had was a single volume of a blue encyclopedia from the 1920s that I bought at a garage sale when I was in second grade. I remember reading as much of that one volume of the encyclopedia as I could, over and over again. I kept it right next to my bed and was mesmerized by it. Eventually Safeway grocery stores gave kids volumes from the Golden Book Encyclopdia once your mom bought enough groceries. If just one young person is inspired by our blue medical textbook/encyclopedia like I was by an outdated encyclopedia, it will have been worth the effort.
Please read "The World is Flat" by Thomas L. Friedman. One of the premises of this book is that information technology has leveled the playing field of knowledge workers. Silos of knowledge are coming down. Knowledge workers are sharing information freely. Copyright is out, copyleft is in. Those communities that share knowledge most freely, grow and innovate most rapidly. Distributed learning and collaboration are the keys to success in the future. Knowledge workers are demanding free access to shared knowledge.
The "world is flat", but "medicine is flat" as well. It is in the spirit of fostering collaboration among health care providers in sharing medical knowledge that WikiDoc was created. WikiDoc is a global textbook or encyclopedia of medicine that anyone can add to and edit. It is also a source of healthcare news stories. Launched by C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. of Harvard Medical School in 2006, WikiDoc is the first and largest wiki dedicated to medicine on the internet with an initial focus on cardiovascular disease.
As a student I struggled to find information for rounds in the morning. As a former Chief Resident at the Brigham and Womens' Hospital, I remember struggling daily to find the latest information for morning report. As a fellow, finding materials for cardiac cath conference was always a challenge at the end of a long, busy day. Learning is a life long struggle and journey. As long as you are learning about a disease state, why not share what you have learned with others?
WikiDoc is intended to be a shared resource for housestaff (in preparation for morning report), medical students (in preparation for morning rounds) and fellows (in preparation for conferences). Nurses and attending physicians may find it valuable to share and improve upon their fund of general medical knowledge. </s> |
<s>[INST] Why Volunteer at WikiDoc? What are the Rewards for me? [/INST] Advantages to joining WikiDoc include expanding your CV, studying for board examinations, networking opportunities and exposure of your work to 2.5 million viewers a day. </s> |
<s>[INST] Who Can Volunteer at WikiDoc? [/INST] WikiDoc welcomes everyone from all over the world to join our team. You do not have to be a doctor in order to apply for this position. Below is a list of WikiDoc contributors:
Clinical Trialist Donor / Philanthropist Fellow Fellowship Program Director / Chief of a Subspecialty Group General Practitioner High School Student Hospital Administrator Hospitalist Intern Layperson Medical Student Nurse Nurse Practitioner Nursing Student Patient Pharmacist Physician Assistant Pre-Medical Student Researcher Research Institute Director Residency Program Director / Chairman of Medicine Resident Retired physician Specialist Doctor </s> |
<s>[INST] How Do I Sign Up For News Services to be Emailed to Me Automatically? [/INST] In general most newspapers and journals will email you with daily or weekly updates. </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of Bleeding? [/INST] Blood coming from an open wound Bruising Shock, which may cause any of the following symptoms: Confusion or decreasing alertness Clammy skin Dizziness or light-headedness after an injury Low blood pressure Paleness (pallor) Rapid pulse, increased heart rate Shortness of breath Weakness
Symptoms of internal bleeding may also include:
Abdominal pain and swelling Chest pain External bleeding through a natural opening Blood in the stool (appears black, maroon, or bright red) Blood in the urine (appears red, pink, or tea-colored) Blood in the vomit (looks bright red, or brown like coffee-grounds) Vaginal bleeding (heavier than usual or after menopause)
Skin color changes that occur several days after an injury (skin may black, blue, purple, yellowish green) </s> |
<s>[INST] What causes Bleeding? [/INST] Bleeding can be caused by injuries or can occur spontaneously. Spontaneous bleeding is most commonly caused by problems with the joints or the gastrointestinal or urogenital tracts. </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Bleeding ? [/INST] Seek medical help if:
Bleeding can't be controlled, required the use of a tourniquet, or was caused by a serious injury The wound might need stitches Gravel or dirt cannot be removed easily with gentle cleaning You think there may be internal bleeding or shock Signs of infection develop, including increased pain, redness, swelling, yellow or brown fluid, swollen lymph nodes, fever, or red streaks spreading from the site toward the heart The injury was due to an animal or human bite The patient has not had a tetanus shot in the last 5-10 years </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Cancer ? [/INST] Contact your health care provider if you develop symptoms of cancer. </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Cancer (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] The outlook depends on the type of cancer and the stage of the cancer when diagnosed.
Some cancers can be cured. Other cancers that are not curable can still be treated effectively. Some patients can live for many years with cancer. Other tumors are quickly life threatening. </s> |
<s>[INST] How a differential blood count performed? [/INST] The health care provider will take blood from your vein. The blood collects into an airtight container.
In infants or a young child, blood will be taken from a heel stick or finger stick. The blood is collected in a small glass tube or onto a slide or test strip.
Cotton or a bandage may be applied to stop any bleeding.
A laboratory specialist takes a drop of blood from your sample and smears it onto a glass slide. The smear is stained with a special dye, which helps tell the difference between various types of white blood cells.
Five types of white blood cells, also called leukocytes, normally appear in the blood:
Neutrophils Lymphocytes (B cells and T cells) Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils
A computer or the health care provider counts the number of each type of cell. The test shows if the number of cells are in proper proportion with one another, and if there is more or less of one cell type. </s> |
<s>[INST] How to prepare for a differential blood count? [/INST] No special preparation is necessary. </s> |
<s>[INST] How will a differential blood count feel? [/INST] When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing. </s> |
<s>[INST] Why is a differential blood count performed? [/INST] This test is done to diagnose an infection, anemia, and leukemia. It may also be used to see if treatment for any of these conditions is working. </s> |
<s>[INST] What are normal results? [/INST] Neutrophils: 40% to 60% Lymphocytes: 20% to 40% Monocytes: 2% to 8% Eosinophils: 1% to 4% Basophils: 0.5% to 1% Band (young neutrophil): 0% to 3% </s> |
<s>[INST] What do abnormal results mean? [/INST] Any infection or acute stress increases your number of white blood cells. High white blood cell counts may be due to inflammation, an immune response, or blood diseases such as leukemia.
It is important to realize that an abnormal increase in one type of white blood cell can cause a decrease in the percentage of other types of white blood cells.
An increased percentage of neutrophils may be due to:
Acute infection Acute stress Eclampsia Gout Myelocytic leukemia Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatic fever Thyroiditis Trauma
A decreased percentage of neutrophils may be due to:
Aplastic anemia Chemotherapy Influenza or other viral infection Widespread bacterial infection Radiation therapy or exposure
An increased percentage of lymphocytes may be due to:
Chronic bacterial infection Infectious hepatitis Infectious mononucleosis Lymphocytic leukemia Multiple myeloma Viral infection (such as infectious mononucleosis, mumps, measles)
A decreased percentage of lymphocytes may be due to:
Chemotherapy HIV infection Leukemia Radiation therapy or exposure Sepsis
An increased percentage of monocytes may be due to:
Chronic inflammatory disease Parasitic infection Tuberculosis Viral infection (for example, infectious mononucleosis, mumps, measles)
An increased percentage of eosinophils may be due to:
Allergic reaction Cancer Collagen vascular disease Parasitic infection
A decreased percentage of basophils may be due to:
Acute allergic reaction </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the risks? [/INST] There is very little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.
Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:
Excessive bleeding Fainting or feeling light-headed Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin) Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken) </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of leukemia? [/INST] Like all blood cells, leukemia cells travel through the body. The symptoms of leukemia depend on the number of leukemia cells and where these cells collect in the body.
People with chronic leukemia may not have symptoms. The doctor may find the disease during a routine blood test.
People with acute leukemia usually go to their doctor because they feel sick. If the brain is affected, they may have headaches, vomiting, confusion, loss of muscle control, or seizures. Leukemia also can affect other parts of the body such as the digestive tract, kidneys, lungs, heart, or testes.
Common symptoms of chronic or acute leukemia may include:
Swollen lymph nodes that usually don't hurt (especially lymph nodes in the neck or armpit) Fever or night sweat Frequent infections Feeling weak or tired Bleeding and bruising easily (bleeding gums, purplish patches in the skin, or tiny red spots under the skin) Swelling or discomfort in the abdomen (from a swollen spleen or liver) Weight loss for no known reason Pain in the bones or joints </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Leukemia ? [/INST] If you have leukemia, and have received chemotherapy, you may develop a fever that may reflect the fact that your blood counts are low, and you should seek medical care for antibiotics. </s> |
<s>[INST] Where to get Medical Care for leukemia? [/INST] Directions to Hospitals Treating Leukemia </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Leukemia (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] Leukemia is a very serious disease that can result in many complications. Complications can come from the disease itself and the treatments. Acute leukemia has a much quicker and more dramatic onset but can occasionally be cured. Chronic Leukemia has a slower onset and can often be put off for years; however, chronic leukemia is very rarely cured. </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of Multiple myeloma? [/INST] Early multiple myeloma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may notice one or more of the following symptoms:
Bone pain Broken bones Numbness and/or muscle weakness Confusion Dizziness Edema in legs
Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell the doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. </s> |
<s>[INST] Who is at highest risk for Multiple myeloma ? [/INST] While the exact cause of multiple myeloma is not known, clinical data has suggested that the development of multiple myeloma is related to several factors.
Age: Age is the biggest risk factor for multiple myeloma. Most cases are found in people older than 65. Plasma cell diseases: Studies show patients with other plasma cell diseases will develop multiple myeloma later. Radiation exposure: Cases reports demonstrate exposure to radiation may increase the risk of multiple myeloma. Exposure on oil-related industries: Some studies suggest that workers in some oil-related industries may be at a higher risk. Family history: Some data suggest multiple myeloma seems to run in some families. But most patients have no other relatives with the disease. Life-style: A study by the American Cancer Society found that being overweight increases a person's risk of developing multiple myeloma. Race: Epidemiological data show multiple myeloma is almost twice as common among black Americans as white Americans. Gender: Men are slightly more likely to get multiple myeloma than women. </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Multiple myeloma ? [/INST] Call your health care provider if symptoms of multiple myeloma develop. If you experience either of the following symptoms, seeking urgent medical care as soon as possible:
Broken bones Numbness Muscle weakness Confusion Severe thirsty, oliguria and/or edema </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Multiple myeloma (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] Multiple myeloma is hard to cure. The prognosis depends on the following:
Cytogenetic analysis of myeloma cells The stage of the cancer The patient's general health </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of Polycythemia vera? [/INST] Symptoms may include any of the following:
Trouble breathing when lying down Dizziness Excess bleeding Full feeling in the left upper abdomen (due to enlarged spleen) Headache Itchiness, especially after a warm bath Red skin coloring, especially of the face Shortness of breath Symptoms of blood clots in veins near the skin surface (phlebitis)
Other symptoms that may occur with this disease:
Bluish skin color Fatigue Red skin spots Vision problems </s> |
<s>[INST] What causes Polycythemia vera? [/INST] Polycythemia vera is a disorder of the bone marrow. It mainly causes too many red blood cells to be produced. The numbers of white blood cells and platelets may also be higher than normal.
This is a rare disorder that occurs more often in men than in women. It is not usually seen in people under age 40. The problem is often linked to a gene defect called JAK2V617F. The cause of this gene defect is unknown. </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Polycythemia vera ? [/INST] Call your health care provider if symptoms of polycythemia vera develop. </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Polycythemia vera (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] The disease usually develops slowly. Most people do not have symptoms related to the disease at the time of diagnosis. The condition is often diagnosed before severe symptoms occur. </s> |
<s>[INST] What are the symptoms of Primary central nervous system lymphoma? [/INST] Early brain tumor does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may notice one or more of the following symptoms:
Epileptic seizures Decreased sensation of a body area Dysfunctional movement or uncontrollable movement Speech difficulties Double vision or decreased vision Hearing loss Personality and behavior changes Emotional instability Hiccups
Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell the doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. </s> |
<s>[INST] What causes Primary central nervous system lymphoma? [/INST] Clinical data has suggested that the development of brain tumor is related to several factors.
Radiation exposure Family history Immune system disorders Cell phone use: There has been a great deal of debate in recent years. </s> |
<s>[INST] Who is at highest risk for Primary central nervous system lymphoma ? [/INST] Clinical data has suggested that the development of brain tumor is related to several factors.
Radiation exposure Family history Immune system disorders Cell phone use: There has been a great deal of debate in recent years. </s> |
<s>[INST] When to seek urgent medical care when I have Primary central nervous system lymphoma ? [/INST] Call your health care provider if symptoms of brain tumor develop. If you experience either of the following symptoms, seeking urgent medical care as soon as possible:
New, or suddenly develop stupor New, or suddenly develop vision changes New, or suddenly develop speech changes Consciousness disorders </s> |
<s>[INST] What to expect if I have Primary central nervous system lymphoma (Outlook/Prognosis)? [/INST] The prognosis of brain tumor depends on the following:
Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery The location of the tumor The stage of the cancer: the size of the tumor, whether the cancer has spread outside the brain Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred The patient’s general health </s> |
Subsets and Splits