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It was also used on occasion in the Parliament of Australia by Paul Keating, in reference to his political opponents. In the TV programme Endeavour (the prequel to Inspector Morse), in the episode titled "Home," Endeavour returns to his family home to visit his sick father. He goes with his sister Joyce to a pub for a drink and the following is part of their conversation: Joyce: "Why did you go back to Oxford?" Endeavour: "Oh! A policeman goes where he's sent." Joyce: "When I told Pop, he just said, 'Proverbs 26:11.'" Endeavour: [Recognizing the verse] "Well I've many faults, God knows, but I try to draw the line at masochism.
Besides, traditionally it's the killer that returns to the scene of the crime, not the... whatever I was." See also Digger wasps and their habit of sphexishness References Category:Hebrew Bible words and phrases Category:New Testament words and phrases Category:Dogs in religion Category:Adages Category:Hebrew proverbs Category:Wisdom literature Category:Book of Proverbs Category:Vomiting Category:Animals in the Bible Category:Metaphors referring to animals
Ambrosia dumosa, the burro-weed or white bursage, a North American species of plants in the sunflower family. It is a common constituent of the creosote-bush scrub community throughout the Mojave desert of California, Nevada, and Utah and the Sonoran Desert of Arizona and northwestern Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, Chihuahua). Ambrosia dumosa has been studied to determine allelopathic interactions with creosote bush, Larrea tridentata, which produces a chemical that inhibits the growth of A. dumosa. Other studies have suggested that A. dumosa roots produce a chemical that causes them to grow away from conspecific roots, preventing competition for water resources.
In addition to burrow-weed, A. dumosa is also commonly called bur sage, burro weed, and burro bush. Description Ambrosia dumosa, a form of ragweed, is a highly branched shrub 20 to 90 cm in height. The younger stems are covered with soft gray-white hairs. Approximately obovate leaves are 1 to 3 times pinnately compound or deeply lobed and generally clustered on short branches. The leaves are 0.5 to 4 cm long and also covered in soft gray-white hairs. Its inflorescence is yellow with staminate and pistillate headson a single plant (monoecious). Staminate heads have many flowers and are 3 to 5 mm in diameter with a 5 to 8 lobed involucre.
Pistillate heads are 2 flowered and lack corollas. Ambrosia dumosa has spherical bur-like fruits ranging in color from golden to purple to brown. Along with microscopic hairs, the fruit has 12 to 35 flat and straight spines which are 5 to 9 mm in length and scattered over the surface. Ambrosia dumosa becomes dormant during drought, losing all of its leaves to prevent water loss by transpiration; drought deciduous. During this time it can still be recognized by the presence of longitudinal stripes on smaller stems. Like other types of Ambrosia this is a ragweed, wind blown pollen from burro-weed can cause serious allergic reactions.
Increasing cases in Mojave Desert as population grows from Joshua Tree, CA to Las Vegas, NV. References Jepson Manual Treatment: Ambrosia dumosa C.Michael Hogan, species editor. 2010. Ambrosia dumosa. Encyclopedia of Life External links Jepson Manual Treatment: Ambrosia dumosa Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center Native Plant Information Network (NPIN), University of Texas Ambrosia dumosa — Calphotos Photo gallery, University of California dumosa Category:North American desert flora Category:Flora of the Southwestern United States Category:Flora of Northwestern Mexico Category:Flora of the California desert regions Category:Flora of the Great Basin Category:Flora of the Sonoran Deserts Category:Natural history of the Colorado Desert Category:Natural history of the Mojave Desert Category:Taxa named by Asa Gray
is a character appearing in Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog video game franchise. Shadow was created by Takashi Iizuka and Shiro Maekawa, and debuted in the series' 2001 installment Sonic Adventure 2. Although this was intended to be his only appearance, Shadow proved so popular among fans that developer Sonic Team decided to include him in 2003's Sonic Heroes. Shadow has since featured in numerous entries in the franchise, including a self-titled spin-off game in 2005. He also appears in Sonic television adaptations, comics, and merchandise. Within the Sonic franchise's fictional universe, Shadow is an immortal, anthropomorphic black hedgehog created by Professor Gerald Robotnik, the grandfather of series antagonist Doctor Eggman.
After witnessing the murder of his best friend Maria, Shadow vows to keep his promise to her that he would protect the world from danger. As an antihero, Shadow has good intentions but will do whatever it takes to accomplish his goals, putting him at odds with series protagonist Sonic the Hedgehog. Shadow shares many attributes with Sonic and thus controls similarly in games, but is distinguished by his uses of vehicles and firearms. The idea for Shadow originated during the development of the original Sonic Adventure in 1998, with Iizuka and Maekawa ensuring he would be a subtle, "cool" character players could care about.
His design was influenced by films such as Underworld, Constantine, and Terminator. Although Shadow is one of the series' most popular characters and was named one of the greatest video game characters by Guinness World Records in 2011, he has proven divisive among video game journalists. Some have praised his role in Sonic Adventure 2 and his levels' preservation of the Sonic theme, but others have mocked his dark characterization. Additionally, the Shadow game received generally unfavorable reviews despite strong sales. Description Shadow is an anthropomorphic black hedgehog appearing in Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog series of platform games and its various spin-offs.
He first appeared in the 2001 installment Sonic Adventure 2, the final Sonic game released for a Sega video game console. His roles in the games vary. Some, such as the main series games Sonic Adventure 2, Sonic Heroes (2003), and Sonic the Hedgehog (2006) feature him as a major playable character, and he is the protagonist of the spin-off Shadow the Hedgehog (2005) and a downloadable content (DLC) package for Sonic Forces (2017). Others, such as the anniversary game Sonic Generations (2011), limit him to a non-playable role. In the games, Shadow is depicted as a mysterious, sharp-witted, and brooding antihero.
While his ultimate goal is to protect the world from danger, he dislikes humanity, and once he has set a goal, he does whatever it takes to accomplish it. This often causes him to take risks without thinking them through and puts him at odds with series protagonist Sonic the Hedgehog. Although a loner, Shadow collaborates with treasure hunter Rouge the Bat and renegade robot E-123 Omega in games such as Sonic Heroes and Sonic Forces. Shadow allies with Sonic in some games, but also does so with series antagonist Doctor Eggman in Sonic Adventure 2 and Shadow the Hedgehog.
Shadow shares many similarities with Sonic. Visually, GameSpot Ben Stahl described Shadow as "an evil version of Sonic himself—similar in appearance, but with darker skin, more angled eyes, and a fearsome snarl instead of Sonic's trademark grin." GamesRadar+ Justin Leeper said that if Sonic was Superman, then Shadow would be his Batman. The characters control similarly in games, as both share skills and the ability to run at great speeds. Shadow has unique attributes in some games, such as his uses of firearms and vehicles in Shadow the Hedgehog and Sonic the Hedgehog, respectively. He can also use the Chaos Emeralds to perform "Chaos Control"—allowing him to distort time—and create weapons like spears.
Like Sonic, Shadow can transform into a "Super" form giving him special powers. Development Shadow was created by Takashi Iizuka and Shiro Maekawa, who respectively served as director and writer of Sonic Adventure 2. According to Iizuka, the idea for Shadow originated during development of the original Sonic Adventure in 1998, when Sonic Team intended to introduce a rival for Sonic in a potential sequel. Although they rarely discussed the idea, the staff continually thought about it. Eventually, while work on Sonic Adventure 2 progressed, Sonic Team found use in Shadow when they laid out the game's "good vs. evil" plotlines.
Shadow's name at the beginning of development was "Terios" ("reflection of"), referencing his role as Sonic's doppelganger. Sonic Team tasked Maekawa with developing Shadow, whom they wanted to look just as "cool" as Sonic. Maekawa settled on the design of a black hedgehog, but struggled coming up with his personality. One night, while he brainstormed lines for a scene in which Sonic confronts Shadow for impersonating him, Maekawa came up with Shadow's first line: "Hmph, aren't you the fake one here?" As part of shaping his subtle character, Maekawa envisioned Shadow would refer to himself using the more humble Japanese pronoun boku (僕).
Iizuka made sure that Shadow's introduction also brought new events to the game, as he wanted players to care about the character. Sonic Adventure 2 was intended to be Shadow's only appearance, but his popularity among fans led to him returning in 2003's Sonic Heroes. Additionally, Sonic Team wanted to feature Shadow in a spin-off game. By 2005, Sonic Team was interested in developing a high-speed shooter game. They chose to focus on Shadow—whom they felt would provide "the perfect venue... to try our hand at this genre"—leading to the development of Shadow the Hedgehog. Series co-creator Yuji Naka hoped Shadow would lead to a spin-off series about the character.
When developing Shadow's design and world, Sonic Team was influenced by films such as Underworld (2003), Constantine (2005), and those in the Terminator series. The team abandoned Shadow's shooting gameplay when working on Sonic the Hedgehog in 2006. Instead, director Shun Nakamura emphasized combat to differentiate his gameplay from that of Sonic's; while Sonic was designed for speedy platforming, Shadow was designed for fighting enemies. After Sonic and the Black Knight (2009), Shadow did not appear as a playable character in a Sonic platformer for some time, until the release of Sonic Forces in 2017. Nakamura explained that Sonic Team brought Shadow back for Sonic Forces so it would appeal to fans of the Adventure games, as the character is "extremely popular" among that group.
Iizuka has commented that another Shadow-oriented spin-off is a possibility. In Japan, Kōji Yusa voices Shadow. The character's English voice actor has changed several times. David Humphrey was the first to assume the role, but was replaced by Jason Griffith, who voiced Shadow and Sonic in the English dub of the anime series Sonic X (2003–2006), for Shadow the Hedgehog in 2005. Kirk Thornton has since voiced Shadow in games such as Sonic Free Riders. Character biography Within the Sonic series' fictional universe, Shadow the Hedgehog is an immortal being created by Professor Gerald Robotnik through genetic engineering as part of an experiment to cure his granddaughter Maria from a deadly illness.
While Shadow and Maria formed a strong bond, the government deemed him a threat. Shadow was placed in suspended animation and a military organization, the Guardian Units of Nations (G.U.N. ), killed Maria as she tried to protect him. Maria's death traumatized Shadow, who vowed to keep his promise to her that he would protect the world from danger. In Sonic Adventure 2, Gerald's grandson, Doctor Eggman, learns of Shadow and revives him as part of a plan to conquer the world and defeat Sonic the Hedgehog. Shadow agrees to help Eggman and frames Sonic for their evil deeds. However, Shadow eventually allies himself with Sonic to prevent the world's destruction.
He seemingly dies after the final boss fight. In Sonic Heroes, Rouge the Bat discovers Shadow alive in Eggman's base. He remembers nothing except his name and Maria's death, and teams up with Rouge and E-123 Omega to find Eggman and learn of his past. In Shadow the Hedgehog, Shadow, still suffering from amnesia, becomes caught in a three-way war between Eggman, G.U.N., and the Black Arms, an alien army led by Black Doom. Shadow can choose to help G.U.N., Sonic and his friends, Eggman, or the Black Arms. At the end of the game, Shadow recovers from his amnesia and learns the truth about his past, including that Gerald created him using Black Doom's blood.
He chooses to put the past behind him and move on, and in Sonic the Hedgehog is depicted as having joined G.U.N. Reception and impact Shadow quickly proved popular among players of Sonic Adventure 2, contributing to his return in later games. Additionally, responses to his introduction were favorable; critics considered his levels in Sonic Adventure 2 among the game's highlights. GameSpot Shane Satterfield wrote Shadow's levels were exciting and helped preserve the general theme of Sonic games, and wished they had been more plentiful. Nintendo Life Mark Reece similarly felt Shadow's levels successfully adapted the Sonic formula to 3D.
However, despite strong sales, the 2005 Shadow game received generally unfavorable reviews and, according to Official Nintendo Magazine Thomas East, tarnished the character's reputation. Reviews for Shadow the Hedgehog criticized numerous aspects of the character, such as his controls, use of firearms, and characterization. Game Informer Matt Helgeson decried Shadow as a character who lacked personality and mocked his "ridiculous" and "laughable" Clint Eastwood rasp, while GameSpy Patrick Klepek felt the game was proof the Sonic series had jumped the shark. Similarly, 1UP.com Shane Bettenhausen compared Shadow to Poochie, a character from The Simpsons episode "The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show" (1997) symbolic of creating a new character simply to boost a flagging series.
Klepek thought guns made sense for Shadow's character but did not have a compelling use in the game, and expressed hope Sonic Team would "[bury] him alongside the same graves as the third-tier of characters from Knuckles Chaotix." Critics reviewing the 2006 Sonic the Hedgehog considered Shadow's gameplay slightly better than that of Sonic's but felt it did not add enough to the experience, while Den of Geek Chris Freiberg wrote the Shadow DLC for Sonic Forces added some replay value to a game he criticized for its short length. Writers have called Shadow—both the game and the character—an ill-advised attempt to bring a sense of maturity to the Sonic series.
Indeed, IGN Levi Buchanan and 1UPs Jeremy Parish considered him one of the series' biggest problems; Parish wrote that of the unnecessary Sonic characters Sega should retire, Shadow was the most in need of it. Numerous video game journalists have mockingly described the character as "edgy", internet slang referring to someone who exhibits disconcerting behavior in an effort to impress others. In 2010, DeviantArt user "cmara" released a webcomic depicting Shadow in a romantic relationship with Shrek, the title character of the DreamWorks film series. According to Kotaku Nathan Grayson, the comic paired the two because "if Shrek was the big screen embodiment of nu-millennium toilet garbage, Shadow the Hedgehog—with his hilariously unfitting blend of guns and angst in a colorful world of fast animals in clown shoes—was his video game bride".
Both, he wrote, were supposed to be sophisticated and "edgy" characters in franchises designed to appeal to young people. Shadow is a divisive Sonic character. Some, such as East, who ranked him one of the series' best characters, praise him for his role in Sonic Adventure 2; Game Informer Brian Shea called Shadow a "fun equal" to Sonic who delivered the series' traditional sense of speed, and Polygon Allegra Frank said he is a fan-favorite. "For others," wrote Kotaku Mike Fahey, Shadow "signifies the looming death of a beloved series." Fahey felt Shadow's self-titled game was when the Sonic franchise lost its identity, and dismissed those who argued in favor of his role in Sonic Adventure 2.
Jim Sterling, writing for GamesRadar+, ranked Shadow among the series' worst characters, arguing he lost his relevance over time and calling him "the ultimate example of a good idea gone rotten." Despite this, in 2005 Naka said Sonic Team had determined Shadow was the series' most popular character excluding Sonic himself, a finding reaffirmed in a 2009 Sega poll. In 2011, Guinness World Records named Shadow among the 50 greatest video game characters of all time. In other media Outside the video game series, Shadow appears in the anime series Sonic X, which adapts the story of the Sonic Adventure games.
The original Japanese cast from the games reprised their voice roles for the game, while Jason Griffith voiced Shadow in the English dub by 4Kids Entertainment. In the Sonic Boom (2014–2017) spin-off franchise, Shadow appears in the 2014 games Rise of Lyric for the Wii U and Shattered Crystal for the Nintendo 3DS, and the episodes "It Takes a Village to Defeat a Hedgehog" and both parts entitled “Eggman: The Video Game”, voiced by Kirk Thornton. He also appears in the Sonic the Hedgehog comic books published by Archie Comics and IDW Publishing, and his likeness has been used in Sonic merchandise.
References External links Official character profiles on Sonic Central and Sonic-City (archived) Shadow the Hedgehog on Sonic Retro, for character stats and additional plot information Category:Animal characters in video games Category:Anthropomorphic characters in video games Category:Cryonically preserved characters in video games Category:Fictional characters who became a protagonist in a spin-off Category:Fictional characters who can manipulate time Category:Fictional characters with immortality Category:Fictional government agents Category:Fictional characters with posttraumatic stress disorder Category:Fictional hedgehogs Category:Fictional henchmen in video games Category:Genetically engineered characters in video games Category:Male characters in video games Category:Sega antagonists Category:Sega protagonists Category:Sonic the Hedgehog characters Category:Video game bosses Category:Video game characters in anime and manga Category:Video game characters in comics Category:Video game characters in film Category:Video game characters in television Category:Video game characters introduced in 2001 Category:Video game characters who can move at superhuman speeds Category:Video game characters who can teleport Category:Video game characters with slowed aging Category:Video game mascots Category:Video game nobility Category:Video game secret characters Category:Vigilante characters in video games
Blanck Mass is a British electronic solo project by Benjamin John Power, one of the founding members of drone band Fuck Buttons. Career His track "Sundowner" was used at key points during the Opening Ceremony of the 2012 Olympic games. It was first heard as the Union Flag was brought into the stadium by members of the Armed Forces. Later it was played when the Olympic Flag was paraded, and finally as the Olympic Flame was brought to the stadium in a speedboat. Blanck Mass opened for Icelandic band Sigur Rós on their 2013 UK tour. In 2014, Power announced that he was close to finishing off a new Blanck Mass album, and supported Jon Hopkins at the Royal Festival Hall in September.
Power released Dumb Flesh through Sacred Bones Records on 11 May 2015. The vinyl version included an exclusive track "Life Science (Ambient Suite)". Power supported the release with tours and dates in the UK, US, Europe and Australia and received critical acclaim for the album. Later in the year Power released The Great Confuso EP which featured a brand new three-part track as well as remixes of album tracks by Genesis P-Orridge, Dalhous and Konx-Om-Pax. A 12" version of the EP limited to 500 copies in Pumpkin and Mulberry coloured vinyl was released for Record Store Day 2016. On 20 July 2016, Power announced a new track "D7-D5" via Adult Swim as part of their Adult Swim Singles 2016 campaign which was released on vinyl in October 2016.
History Blanck Mass (2011–2012) The self-titled album Blanck Mass was released in 2011 through Mogwai's Rock Action Records label and is Benjamin John Power's first solo effort after spending seven years as one half of Fuck Buttons. Resident Advisor said that the album "makes the most sense in a car at night, or any place that you can immerse yourself in its atmospheres in cocoon-like surroundings". The album was Power's first experience with production work, and it paved the way for him to make his subsequent album Dumb Flesh. Dumb Flesh (2015–2016) Dumb Flesh is the second album by Blanck Mass and marks the switch from the Rock Action Records label to Sacred Bones Records.
The album has been described by Pitchfork as danceable and more accessible than the first self-titled album: "Power's strengths come out at once: dark noise gives way to a pounding rhythm which, in turn, melts into a tapestry of airy synths". Dumb Flesh received ample critical acclaim and it was toured extensively throughout 2015. The Strange Colour of Your Body's Tears re-score (2015) The Strange Colour of Your Body's Tears is a brand new original score to the 2013 Giallo film of the same name. Originally the film had no original score and used music from existing Giallo films instead.
The re-score of The Strange Colour Of Your Body's Tears is a stage experimentation and collaboration with different artists from across the globe. Every artist had a different scene assigned and were given complete freedom to score that particular scene however they wanted. The album was recorded in 2014 and was released by Death Waltz Recordings. World Eater Power's third solo album was released on Sacred Bones Records on 3 March 2017 on limited edition black/red marble vinyl, standard vinyl, CD and digital. The Pitchfork review (8.1) said that the album was "suitable for casual noise fans who have some curiosity for extreme music and a decent threshold for pain".
Animated Violence Mild Power's fourth album under the Blanck Mass moniker was released on 16 August 2019 on Sacred Bones Records, with various limited edition vinyl versions available. Reviews were generally favourable, with The Guardian calling it "an album that fuses existential fear with sheer beauty". Musical style Blanck Mass' musical style has been described as drone music, post-rock, electronic and experimental. Power has been influenced by the likes of Carl Sagan and Ennio Morricone to the "infinity of nature". Power has also said that in his younger years he was a fan of Mogwai's post-rock instrumentals.
Discography Albums Blanck Mass (20 June 2011, Rock Action Records) Dumb Flesh (11 May 2015, Sacred Bones Records) World Eater (3 March 2017, Sacred Bones Records) Animated Violence Mild (16 August 2019, Sacred Bones Records) Singles and EPs "White Math" / "Polymorph" (21 August 2012, Software Recording Co.) "Hellion Earth" (2012) The Great Confuso EP (26 October 2015, Sacred Bones Records) "D7-D5" (4 November 2016, Richter Sound Records) "Odd Scene" / "Shit Luck" (21 April 2018, Sacred Bones Records) Compilations A Field in England: Original Soundtrack Recording (18 October 2013, Death Waltz/Rook Films) Blanck Mass Presents - The Strange Colour of Your Body's Tears Re-Score (2015, Death Waltz Originals) References External links Blanck Mass on Bandcamp Category:Ambient musicians Category:Musical groups established in 2011 Category:Musicians from Bristol Category:Sacred Bones Records artists Category:Rock Action Records artists
Noemi Lois is a Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology at Queen's University Belfast and an Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist and Vitreoretinal Surgeon at the Belfast Health and Social Care Trust. Early career Professor Lois received her Doctor of Medicine at University Santiago de Compostela in 1990 and Doctor of Philosophy in 1997. Noemi did her Residency in Ophthalmology in Spain and then completed clinical fellowships in 1) Ocular Oncology at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, with Drs Jerry and Carol Shields, 2) Medical Retina at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, with Prof Alan Bird, and 3) Vitreoretinal Surgery at The Royal Liverpool University Hospital with Prof David Wong.
Noemi then moved to Aberdeen, Scotland, where she worked as full time Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon for 13 years and then joined Queens in 2013 where she has been leading a programme of preclinical and clinical research focused on diabetic retinopathy and its complications (diabetic macular oedema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy). This programme of research extends from pathogenic mechanisms of disease and risk stratification to new therapies, including determining the most cost-effective therapeutic alternatives for this disease. Noemi is an ad-hoc referee for numerous peer-review journals and funding bodies and has given numerous lectures as guest speaker at national and international meetings in China, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, USA and the UK.
Noemi is editorial board member for several journals including the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group. Noemi has participated, as a member of the Evidence Review Group, in 10 Single Technology Appraisals for the UK National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) on new therapies for eye diseases. Research The value of Noemi’s current active grants (competitive public or charity funding) as principal applicant or co-applicant is over £3 million. Professor Lois leads a programme of clinical and preclinical research into diabetic retinopathy at the Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast and has published over 100 articles in peer reviewed journals.
She is the editor of three textbooks, one of which on its second edition and has authored over 13 book chapters. Grant Profile Retinal and cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: unraveling the common pathways and identification of patients at risk of dementia (RECOGNISED): Funded by EU H2020 with 5.998.272 €; start date 1 January 2020. Co-Coordinator of the consortium and co-applicant. ·         Vitrectomy, subretinal Tissue plasminogen activator and Intravitreal Gas for submacular haemorrhage secondary to Exudative age-Related macular degeneration (TIGER): a European randomised controlled surgical trial. Funded by EURETINA-Fight for Sight with £1,799,779. 1st Jan 2020  to end Dec 2024 ·        EMERALD: HTA Project: 15/42/08 - Effectiveness of Multimodal imaging for the Evaluation of Retinal oedema And New vesseLs in    Diabetic retinopathy (EMERALD).
Funded by the NIHR with £752,108; 2017-2019; PI. ·        DIAMONDS: Diabetic Macular Oedema aNd Diode Subthreshold micropulse laser. Funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) with £997,910.56; 2016-2010; PI. ·        PEARL: Performance of Early Retinal Laser (PEARL) for Diabetic Retinopathy. Funded by the Medical Research Council with £127,978.00; 01/09/2016 → 31/08/2018; co-applicant. ·        ARA290-DMO: Phase 2 clinical trial using ARA290 for the treatment of Diabetic Macular Odema; Investigator Lead clinical trial; funded by Araim Pharmaceuticals, Inc with £89,405.00; 24/08/2015 → 23/11/2016; PI. ·        Ophthalmic Anatomy and Cellular Biology (Doctorate - PHD - Meiaad Dahmi A Khayat - K1452).
Funded by the Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia: £101,716.00. ·        Retinal ischaemia in diabetic retinopathy: The role of endothelial progenitor cells. Funded by the Belfast Association for the Blind with £29,000 for 24 months, starting date Jan 2015, PI. ·        A novel therapy for ischaemic retinopathy. Funded by Invest NI with £49630 for 5 months, start date October 1st, 2014; co-applicant. ·        “Stratifying treatment for diabetic macular oedema using induced pluripotent stem cell technology”. Funded by the Medical Research Council with £77,722, 2014, co-applicant. ·        “A GMP cell therapy facility to test cell based therapies”, Funded by the Medical Research Council, UK, with £1,002,466, co-applicant, 2015-2016.
·        “Targeting STAT3 for the management of diabetic retinopathy”. Funded by JDRF with $497,000 for two years, starting on 1st July 2014; co-applicant. ·        “Cataract treatment – understanding what drives lens regeneration”, Funded by Action Medical Research with £191,577 for 36 months, starting 1st April 2014; co-applicant. References Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Living people Category:Spanish ophthalmologists Category:University of Santiago de Compostela alumni
This is a list of notable hospitals in India. Various medical colleges and medicine related educational institutes also serve as hospitals. For those, refer List of medical colleges in India. Chain hospitals Various chain or network hospitals operate in various cities of India.
These are: Apollo Hospitals Shalby Hospital Billroth Hospitals Care Hospitals Command Hospital Council of Christian Hospitals Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital Fortis Healthcare Global Hospitals Group Hinduja Healthcare Limited LifeSpring Hospitals Mittal hospital Medica Hospital Narayana Health Regional Cancer Centre Sahyadri Hospital Sanjeevan Hospitals Sir Jamshetjee Jeejebhoy Group of Hospitals Sterling Hospitals Vasan Healthcare Wockhardt Hospitals Yashoda Hospitals Andhra Pradesh Anantapuram Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Puttaparthi Tirupati Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences (SVIMS) Vijayawada L. V. Prasad Eye Institute Siddhartha Medical College, NTR University of Health Sciences Rainbow Hospitals Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Visakhapatnam L. V. Prasad Eye Institute King George Hospital Apollo Hospitals, Visakhapatnam Visakha Institute of Medical Sciences SevenHills Hospital Assam Guwahati Gauhati Medical College and Hospital GNRC Hospitals Dibrugarh Assam Medical College and Hospital Silchar Lions Eye Hospital SMCH – Silchar Medical College and Hospital Bihar Bhagalpur Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital Darbhanga Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital Mithila Minority Dental College and Hospital Gaya, India Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital Katihar Katihar Medical College Muzaffarpur Sri Krishna Medical College Patna AIIMS Patna Ford Hospital and Research Centre Guru Gobind Singh Hospital, Patna Sahib Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS) Mahavir Cancer Institute and Research Centre Nalanda Medical College Hospital, Kankarbagh Patna Medical College Hospital, Ashok Raj Path Sasaram Narayan Medical College and Hospital Chandigarh Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12 Delhi NCR Delhi Sunrise Hospital, Kalindi colony All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar Columbia Asia, Gurgaon, Haryana 122 017 Cloudnine Hospitals, Mayfield Gardens, Sector 47, Gurgaon, Haryana Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Dharamshila Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Dharamshila Marg, Vasundhara Enclave Eden Hospital, East of Kailash, New Delhi Fortis Hospital, Gurgaon Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden Holy Family Hospital, Jamia Nagar, Friends Colony Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar Kasturba Hospital, Daryaganj Lady Hardinge Medical College, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Marg Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, West Punjabi Bagh Maulana Azad Medical College, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg Max Healthcare, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj, Max Hospital, Pitampura, Max Medcentre, Panchsheel Park, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, Max Hospital, Noida Medanta The Medicity, Gurgaon National Heart Institute (Delhi), Community Centre, East of Kailash Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Baba Kharag Singh Marg Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Rohini and Niti bagh Safdarjang Hospital Sanjeevan Hospitals, Daryaganj, Paharganj Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajendar Nagar St. Stephen's Hospital, Delhi, Tis Hazari Vidyasagar Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences World Laparoscopy Hospital, Gurgaon Gujarat Ahmedabad Ahmedabad Civil Hospital B.J.
Medical College, Asarwa GCRI, Ahmedabad Shalby Hospital Surat Smimer Hospital Nadiad Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital Haryana Gurgaon Columbia Asia Hospital Fortis Hospital, Gurgaon Medanta, Gurgaon World Laparoscopy Hospital Aarvy Hospital Hisar Ganga Ram Hospital Jharkhand Medanta Hospital, Ranchi Karnataka Bengaluru Apollo Hospitals Bangalore Medical College Bowring & Lady Curzon Hospitals. Bangalore Medical College Columbia Asia, Hebbal Columbia Asia, Yeshwanthpur Cloudnine Hospitals, Jayanagar. Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore. Minto Eye Hospital, Bangalore Medical College.
Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology Narayana Hrudayalaya, Hosur Road National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (Nimhans), Bangalore Nethradhama Superspeciality Eye Hospital, Jayanagar Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital SDS Tuberculosis and Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Chest diseases Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiology, Jayanagar St. Johns Medical College Vanivilas Women and Children Hospital, Bangalore Medical College Victoria Hospital, Bangalore Medical College Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre Whitefield, Bangalore Basaveshwara Teaching and General Hospital, Gulbarga Gulbarga Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiology, Sedam road.
Mysore All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, (Aiish), Manasa Gangothri Columbia Asia, Belvadi Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Mangalore A J Institute of Medical Science Manipal Kasturba Medical College KMC Kerala Alappuzha Government T D Medical College, Alappuzha Kozhikode (Calicut) Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences, Govindapuram The Cradle Hospital Calicut Chest Hospital Kochi Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences Aster Medcity Lakeshore Hospital Medical Trust Hospital Lisie Hospital Rajagiri Hospital Renai medicity Sunrise Hospital General Hospital Little Flower Hospital Saraf Hospital Indira Gandhi Cooperative Hospital Sreedhareeyam Ayurvedic Eye Hospital Kollam Azeezia Medical College, Meeyannoor, Kollam Employee's State Insurance Hospital & Medical College N. S. Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences Travancore Medical College Hospital Kottayam Medical College Hospital, Athirumpuzha St. Thomas Hospital, Chethipuzha, Changanacherry Kozhikode Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS) Medical College Hospital Ottapalam Seventh-day Adventist Hospital, Kanniampuram Thiruvananthapuram Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology Credence Hospital, Ulloor Divya Prabha Eye Hospital Matha Ayurveda Eye Hospital, Thachottukavu Medical College Hospital Regional Cancer Centre Mission Hospital, Pothencode TB Hospital Medical College Thrissur Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar Amala Ayurvedic Hospital and Research Centre, Amala Nagar Madhya Pradesh Bhopal All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal and associated Hamidia Hospital, Kamla Nehru Hospital Indore Maharaja Yeshwantrao Hospital Jabalpur Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur Gwalior Cancer Hospital & Research Centre Sahara Hospital Maharashtra Aurangabad Hedgewar Hospital MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad Mumbai Asian Heart Institute, Bandra-Kurla Complex Bhabha Hospital, Bandra Bhaktivedanta Hospital, Mira Road Bombay Hospital, Marine Lines Breach Candy Hospital, Mahalaxmi D Y Patil Hospital, Nerul Cloudnine Hospitals, Link Road, Malad West Cooper Hospital, Vile Parle Gokuldas Tejpal Hospital, Fort Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejebhoy Group of Hospitals, Sandhurst Road Hinduja Healthcare Surgical, Khar, Mumbai Hinduja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai Holy Family Hospital, Bandra Hurkisondas Hospital, Girgaon Jaslok Hospital, Pedar Road Lilavati Hospital, Bandra Lokmanya Tilak Hospital, Sion Nanavati Hospital, Vile Parle Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Byculla Rajawadi Hospital, Ghatkopar Saifee Hospital, Charni Road KEM Hospital, Parel Shushrusha Citizens' Co-operative Hospital, Shivaji Park, Mumbai Sunrise Hospital, Bhandup Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Parel Nashik Shree Saibaba Heart Institute And Research Centre Pune Aditya Birla Memorial Hospital Cloudnine Hospitals, Bhamburda, Shivaji Nagar and Kalyaninagar Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital Hardikar Hospital Jehangir Hospital Joshi Hospital Ruby Hall Clinic Sassoon Hospital Wardha Kasturba Hospital, Sewagram Yavatmal Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College Meghalaya North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences Odisha Bhubaneswar All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar AMRI Hospital Apollo Hospitals, Bhubaneswar Hi-Tech Medical College & Hospital Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Berhampur MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur Sambalpur Veer Surendra Sai Medical College, Burla Rayagada Christian Hospital, Bissam Cuttack Pondicherry Aravind Eye Hospital Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Kamala Nursing Home Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pillaiyarkuppam Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalapet Rajiv Gandhi Government Women And Children's Hospital Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Aarupadai Veedu Medical College Vinayaka Missions Medical College Sri Venkateswara medical College, hospital & Research Centre Punjab Ludhiana Jattinder GH Hospital, Ludhiana Mohali Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mohali Rajasthan Mathura Das Mathur Hospital, Jodhpur Tamil Nadu Chennai Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road Chettinad Health City, Kelambakkam Cloudnine Hospitals, Vijaya Raghava Road, TNagar Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Fortis Malar Hospital Global Hospitals & Health City Government General Hospital Madras Medical Mission MIOT Hospital Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute Sundaram Medical Foundation (SMF Hospital), Anna Nagar Coimbatore Aravind Eye Hospital Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre PSG Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Sankara Eye Foundation Madurai Apollo Hospitals Aravind Eye Hospital Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Salem Aravind Eye Hospital Vasan Eye Care Hospital Vinayaka Mission Hospital Vellore Sri Narayani Hospital & Research Centre Melvisharam Christian Medical College & Hospital Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, Katpadi Government Vellore Medical College Hospital Vasan Eye Care Hospital Tiruchirappalli Divisional Railway Hospital, Golden Rock Tirunelveli Adiparasakthi Hospital Krishna Hospital Shifa Hospital Nagercoil Catherine Booth Hospital Little Flower Hospital Dr. Jeyasekharan Hospital & Nursing Home Telangana Hyderabad Akruti Institute of Plastic and cosmetic surgery, Kukatpally Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, Domalguda & Jubilee Hills Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital, Vidyanagar Fernandez Hospital, Bogulkunta L. V. Prasad Eye Institute LifeSpring Hospitals National Institute of Mentally Handicapped, Newbowenpally Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Somajiguda Osmania General Hospital, Afzal Gunj Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital, Mehidipatnam Yashoda Hospitals, Somajiguda, Malakpet, Secunderabad, Somajiguda Warangal Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital Nizamabad Government General Hospital, Nizamabad Tripura Tripura Medical College & Dr. B.R.
Ambedkar Memorial Teaching Hospital Uttar Pradesh Aligarh Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (AMU) KK Hospital Allahabad Kamla Nehru Memorial Hospital Kanpur Hallet Hospital Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College Regency Hospital J L Rohatgi Memorial Eye Hospital Rama Medical College Lucknow Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University Mayo Hospital Sahara Hospital SGPGI Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre Moradabad Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre Gorakhpur Veda Panchakarma Hospital & Research Institute Varanasi Sir Sunderlal Hospital (IMS BHU) West Bengal Burdwan Burdwan Medical College Hospital Nightingale Nursing Home Durgapur The Mission Hospital, Durgapur Kolkata Bidhannagar Sub-Divisional Hospital Calcutta National Medical College Columbia Asia Hospital, Salt Lake Desun Hospital & Heart Institute IPGMER and SSKM Hospital Kolkata Medical College Hospital KPC Medical College and Hospital Medica Superspecialty Hospital Nil Ratan Sarkar Medical College and Hospital Peerless Hospital R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital Sankara Nethralaya See also Healthcare in India Indian states ranking by institutional delivery References * Category:Lists of buildings and structures in India India
Medical law is the branch of law which concerns the prerogatives and responsibilities of medical professionals and the rights of the patient. It should not be confused with medical jurisprudence, which is a branch of medicine, rather than a branch of law. Branches Branches of medical law include: the law of torts (i.e. medical malpractice). criminal law in relation to medical practice and treatment. the Ethics of medical practice. health law and regulation.
See also Abortion law Assault (tort) and Battery (tort), a form of trespass to the person Bioethics Competence (law) Compulsory sterilization Conjoined twins Consent (criminal law) The Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine Euthanasia Freedom of information Health law, the body of healthcare legislation and government regulation Inviolability Involuntary commitment Involuntary treatment Medical ethics Medical malpractice Medical record Privacy law Quality of life (healthcare) Reproductive rights Reproductive technology World Association for Medical Law References Notable cases Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc. Airedale NHS Trust v Bland [1993] 1 All ER 821 HL http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKHL/1992/5.html Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board [2015] UKSC 11 https://web.archive.org/web/20180512202252/https://www.supremecourt.uk/decided-cases/docs/UKSC_2013_0136_Judgment.pdf Further reading External links
Clan Lockhart is a Lowland Scottish clan. History Origins of the clan The name Lockhart was spelt Locard or Lokart in early times. Like many other Scottish families the Locards came from England to Scotland after they had been dispossessed of lands by William the Conqueror. In the twelfth century there were Lockards near Penrith and later in Annandale. In Annandale the town of Lockerbie is said to have been named after them. The chiefly family finally settled Ayrshire and Lanarkshire where they have held lands for over seven hundred years. A charter of 1323 is the earliest paper in the family archives, in which Sir Symon Locard bound himself and his heirs to pay an annual rent of £10 out of the lands of Lee and Cartland, South Lanarkshire.
Sir Symon's grandfather, Stephen Locard, founded the village of Stevenson in Ayrshire. His son, Symon, held lands in Ayrshire and founded a village called Symons Toun, which is today called Symington. Wars of Scottish Independence and the Crusades Symon Locard, 2nd of Lee, won fame for himself and his family in the Wars of Scottish Independence against the English when he fought alongside king Robert the Bruce and was knighted for his loyal service. Sir Symon accompanied 'Good Sir James Douglas' of the Clan Douglas when he took the heart of Robert the Bruce on the crusades in 1330. It was Sir Symon who carried the key to the casket in which the heart was carried.
Symon rescued the casket and heart and returned it to Scotland after James Douglas had been killed in Spain fighting the Moors. A heart with a fetterlock was from then on included in the chief's arms and also the deed is commemorated in the clan motto. The Lee Penny During the crusades of the 14th century the Lockharts brought back a precious heirloom. It is known as the "Lee Penny". Sir Simon Lockhart captured a Moorish amir in battle and received from the man's mother as part of his ransom an amulet or stone with healing powers. The amir's mother told Sir Simon that the stone was a sovereign remedy against bleeding and fever, the bite of a mad dog, and sickness in horses and cattle.
It was later set in a silver coin which has now been identified as a fourpenny piece from the reign of King Edward IV. The Lee Penny is kept in a gold snuffbox which was a gift from Maria Theresa of Austria, Empress of Austria to her general Count James Lockhart in 1789. The fame of the Lee Penny spread through Scotland and Northern England and there are many recorded occasions when it was employed with apparent success. The coin was exempted from the Church of Scotland's prohibition on charms and was lent to the citizens of Newcastle during the reign of King Charles I to protect them from the plague.
A sum of between £1000 and £6000 was pledged for its return. The penny gained further fame in the 19th century for inspiring Sir Walter Scott's 1825 novel The Talisman. 16th and 17th centuries In 1547 Alan Lockhart of Lee was killed at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh. Sir James Lockhart of Lee (b.1594) was appointed by Charles I of England as a gentleman of the Privy Council and was knighted. He was also appointed to the Supreme Court Bench taking the title of Lord Lee. Civil War During the Wars of the Three Kingdoms he was a zealous royalist and was captured at Alyth in 1651.
His son was Sir William Lockhart of Lee who was a distinguished soldier and fought at the Battle of Worcester as a royalist in 1651. However he later reconciled with Oliver Cromwell and married Cromwell's niece. As a result he was not in favour with the Stuart monarchs when they were restored in 1660 and made his home in France. He later campaigned on the continent and Cardinal Mazarin offered to make him mareshcal of France. Sir George Lockhart (1630–1689) was the second son of Sir James Lockhart, Lord Lee, Lord Justice Clerk and became one of the most famous advocates at the Edinburgh Bar.
He became Lord President of the Court of Session in 1685 and was M.P. for Lanarkshire in both the English and Scottish Parliaments. His knighthood was conferred in 1663 and the Carnwath and Dryden estates acquired by him in 1681. He was murdered on Easter Sunday 1689 on his way home from church by a dissatisfied litigant named Chiesly of Kersewell and Dalry. 18th century and Jacobite risings George Lockhart, Second of Carnwath (1673–1731) was a fervent Jacobite; he became Principal Agent to the exiled King James after the Jacobite rising of 1715. He was one of the Commissioners for the Treaty of Union, and the only one against it.
He was one of the earliest of the agricultural improvers. He married Euphemia Montgomery, daughter of the ninth Earl of Eglinton; they had fourteen children. He died as the result of a duel. James Lockhart inherited the estates in 1777 and saw service on the continent where he rose to become a count of the Order of Maria Theresa and a general of that empress's imperial forces. Clan Chief Chief: Ranald Lockhart of the Lee, Chief of the Name and Arms of Lockhart. Clan Castle The seat of the Chief of the Clan Lockhart was at Lee Castle near Lanark, but have since passed out of Lockhart hands.
However the present chief still manages substantial lands at nearby Carnwath. See also Scottish clan James Lockhart (Scottish aristocrat) References External links Clan Lockhart Society of Scotland American Clan Lockhart Society Lockhart Category:Boars in heraldry
Edward Stephen Hall (born 15 January 1988) is an English former professional strongman, notable for winning the World's Strongest Man 2017 competition and for being the world record deadlift holder, lifting under strongman rules, which he achieved in 2016. He has also won on multiple occasions both the UK's Strongest Man and England's Strongest Man titles. Early life and beginnings Hall was born on 15 January 1988 in Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire. As a teenager, he was a successful competitive swimmer and rugby union player. Hall attended Clayton High School, but was expelled at the age of 15. Soon afterwards, he received in-home tutoring.
In 2008, he began working as a mechanic in the garage at the Robert Wiseman Dairies site in Market Drayton, Shropshire. He trained and competed as a bodybuilder and entered the strongman circuit, having done a strongman competition at the Iceman gym in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire. In 2010, Dave Meer of Tamworth, Staffordshire had to drop out of the England championships organised by Elite Strongman because of injury. He arranged for Hall to take his place and led to Hall making it into the 2010 finals, which he won on his first attempt by half a point. Career Hall finished first at the UK's Strongest Man 2011 competition in Belfast, with Ken Nowicki in 2nd and Rich Smith in 3rd.
His win was helped by setting a new national record in the "Viking Hold", hanging on to 20 kg (44lbs) axes in each hand at full stretch for one minute and 18 seconds. Hall tore tendons in an arm during the competition, but was hopeful of a spot at the World's Strongest Man in September. However, his improved ranking could only guarantee a spot for 2012, and he did not compete at WSM in 2011. Winning the UK title meant that Hall became the first choice to replace Jono MacFarlane of New Zealand in the Giants Live Melbourne event in February 2012, when the latter suffered a back injury.
He placed fourth in his first taste of international competition. Later, in April 2012, he was invited to compete at Europe's Strongest Man, another Giants Live event. This was held at Headingley Carnegie Stadium, home of the Leeds Rhinos rugby league team and Hall found himself competing alongside six of the ten finalists from World's Strongest Man 2011, including four-time World's Strongest Man, Žydrūnas Savickas. Hall finished in eighth place. In April 2013, Hall failed to qualify for Europe's Strongest Man 2013. However, he was given a second chance when Ervin Katona was forced to retire due to injury. Hall competed in his place and came in eighth place.
In April, Hall also featured on BBC One's Watchdog programme, who enlisted his help to test even the strongest of drivers in specific circumstances. In 2012, Hall competed at the World's Strongest Man finals, but did not progress beyond his qualifying group. Hall returned in 2013, winning two events in his heat but narrowly missing out on qualifying after a poor final event. In 2014, Hall reached the final for the first time, coming second in the Squat Lift event and ultimately finishing 6th. In March 2015, Hall achieved the world record for lifting the weight of in the deadlift.
The record was achieved at the Arnold Classic in Australia, and Arnold Schwarzenegger was present to cheer him on. He promptly broke his own record at the World Deadlift Championships 2015, with a deadlift. In 2015 he also finished 4th at the World's Strongest Man, an improvement of two places on the previous year. In March 2016, he achieved a new world record long bar deadlift in the Arnold Classic Strongman, by lifting . In December 2015 a feature documentary about Hall, titled Eddie: Strongman, was released. The film, directed by Matt Bell and produced by Tom Swanston, follows Hall for two years of his life as he strives to become the strongest man in the world.
In July 2016, Hall set a new world record in the deadlift with a lift of besting the world record he had previously set at earlier that same day. The 500 kg lift made Hall pass out. He is the winner of 2017 World's Strongest Man competition and announced his intention to retire from the World's Strongest Man and return to lower-weight competitions after expressing health-related concerns. In an interview, Hall stated that a genetic analysis had shown that a genetic mutation that causes myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy contributed to his large muscle mass. In 2018, Hall appeared on the Channel 5 show Celebs In Solitary, where he attempted to spend five days in solitary confinement.
Personal record In competition: Deadlift with straps and suit – (world record) Axle press – (world record) Rogue Elephant Bar Deadlift with straps – Deadlift with straps – Log lift – Crossfit Grace - 60Kg (132lbs) for 30 reps in 50 seconds (World Record) Gym lifts: Squat – Bench press – (equipped) Leg press – for 10 reps Silver dollar deadlift – (unofficial world record) Filmography Film Television References External links Category:1988 births Category:British strength athletes Category:English strength athletes Category:Living people Category:Real-life superheroes Category:Sportspeople from Stoke-on-Trent Category:Sportspeople from Newcastle-under-Lyme
Perfectionism, in psychology, is a personality trait characterized by a person's striving for flawlessness and setting high performance standards, accompanied by critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding others' evaluations. It is best conceptualized as a multidimensional characteristic, as psychologists agree that there are many positive and negative aspects. In its maladaptive form, perfectionism drives people to attempt to achieve unattainable ideals or unrealistic goals, often leading to depression and low self-esteem. By contrast, adaptive perfectionism can motivate people to reach their goals, and to derive pleasure from doing so. Recent data show that perfectionistic tendencies are on the rise among recent generations of young people.
Definition Perfectionists strain compulsively and unceasingly toward unattainable goals, and measure their self-worth by productivity and accomplishment. Pressuring oneself to achieve unrealistic goals inevitably sets the person up for disappointment. Perfectionists tend to be harsh critics of themselves when they fail to meet their standards. Normal vs. neurotic D. E. Hamachek in 1978 argued for two contrasting types of perfectionism, classifying people as tending towards normal perfectionism or neurotic perfectionism. Normal perfectionists are more inclined to pursue perfection without compromising their self-esteem, and derive pleasure from their efforts. Neurotic perfectionists are prone to strive for unrealistic goals and feel dissatisfied when they cannot reach them.
Hamachek offers several strategies that have proven useful in helping people change from maladaptive towards healthier behavior. Contemporary research supports the idea that these two basic aspects of perfectionistic behavior, as well as other dimensions such as "nonperfectionism", can be differentiated. They have been labeled differently, and are sometimes referred to as positive striving and maladaptive evaluation concerns, active and passive perfectionism, positive and negative perfectionism, and adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism. Although there is a general perfectionism that affects all realms of life, some researchers contend that levels of perfectionism are significantly different across different domains (i.e. work, academic, sport, interpersonal relationships, home life).
Others such as T. S. Greenspon disagree with the terminology of "normal" vs. "neurotic" perfectionism, and hold that perfectionists desire perfection and fear imperfection and feel that other people will like them only if they are perfect. For Greenspon, perfectionism itself is thus never seen as healthy or adaptive, and the terms "normal" or "healthy" perfectionism are misnomers, since absolute perfection is impossible. He argues that perfectionism should be distinguished from "striving for excellence", in particular with regard to the meaning given to mistakes. Those who strive for excellence can take mistakes (imperfections) as incentive to work harder. Unhealthy perfectionists consider their mistakes a sign of personal defects.
For these people, anxiety about potential failure is the reason perfectionism is felt as a burden. Strivings vs. concerns J. Stoeber and K. Otto suggest that perfectionism consists of two main dimensions: perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. Perfectionistic strivings are associated with positive aspects of perfectionism; perfectionistic concerns are associated with negative aspects (see below). Healthy perfectionists score high in perfectionistic strivings and low in perfectionistic concerns. Unhealthy perfectionists score high in both strivings and concerns. Non-perfectionists show low levels of perfectionistic strivings. Prompted by earlier research providing empirical evidence that perfectionism could be associated with positive aspects (specifically perfectionistic strivings), they challenged the widespread belief that perfectionism is only detrimental.
In fact, people with high levels of perfectionistic strivings and low levels of perfectionist concerns demonstrated more self-esteem, agreeableness, academic success and social interaction. This type of perfectionist also showed fewer psychological and somatic issues typically associated with perfectionism, namely depression, anxiety and maladaptive coping styles. Measurement Multidimensional perfectionism scale (MPS) Randy O. Frost et al. (1990) developed a multidimensional perfectionism scale (now known as the "Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale", FMPS) with six dimensions: Concern over making mistakes High personal standards (striving for excellence) The perception of high parental expectations The perception of high parental criticism The doubting of the quality of one's actions, and A preference for order and organization.
Hewitt & Flett (1991) devised another "multidimensional perfectionism scale", a 45-item measure that rates three aspects of perfectionistic self-presentation: Self-oriented perfectionism Other-oriented perfectionism, and Socially prescribed perfectionism. Self-oriented perfectionism is having unrealistic expectations and standards for oneself that lead to perfectionistic motivation. An example is the constant desire to achieve an ideal physical appearance out of vanity. Other-oriented perfectionism is having unrealistic expectations and standards for others that in turn pressure them to have perfectionistic motivations of their own. Socially prescribed perfectionism is developing perfectionistic motivations due to the fact that significant others expect them to be perfect. Parents that push their children to be successful in certain endeavors (such as athletics or academics) provide an example of this type of perfectionism, as the children feel that they must meet their parents' lofty expectations.
A similarity has been pointed out among Frost's distinction between setting high standards for oneself and the level of concern over making mistakes in performance (the two most important dimensions of the FMPS) and Hewitt & Flett's distinction between self-oriented versus socially prescribed perfectionism. Almost perfect scale-revised (APS-R) Slaney and his colleagues (1996) developed the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R) to identify perfectionists (adaptive or maladaptive) and non-perfectionists. People are classified based on their scores for three measures: High Standards Order, and Discrepancy Both adaptive and maladaptive perfectionists rate highly in High Standards and Order, but maladaptive perfectionists also rate highly in Discrepancy.
Discrepancy refers to the belief that personal high standards are not being met, which is the defining negative aspect of perfectionism. Maladaptive perfectionists typically yield the highest social stress and anxiety scores, reflecting their feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. In general, the APS-R is a relatively easy instrument to administer, and can be used to identify perfectionist adolescents as well as adults, though it has yet to be proven useful for children. In one study evaluating APS-R in an adolescent population, maladaptive perfectionists obtained higher satisfaction scores than non-perfectionists. This finding suggests that adolescents' high standards may protect them from challenges to personal satisfaction when their standards are not met.
Two other forms of the APS-R measure perfectionism directed towards intimate partners (Dyadic Almost Perfect Scale) and perceived perfectionism from one's family (Family Almost Perfect Scale). Physical appearance perfectionism scale (PAPS) The Physical Appearance Perfectionism Scale (PAPS) explains a particular type of perfectionism - the desire for a perfect physical appearance. The PAPS is a multidimensional assessment of physical appearance perfectionism that provides the most insight when the sub-scales are evaluated separately. In general, the PAPS allows researchers to determine participants' body image and self-conceptions of their looks, which is critical in present times when so much attention is paid to attractiveness and obtaining the ideal appearance.
The two sub-scales it uses to assess appearance concerns are: Worry About Imperfection, and Hope For Perfection. Those that obtain high "Worry About Imperfection" scores are usually greatly concerned with maladaptive aspects of perfectionism, physical appearance, and body control behavior. They also demonstrate low positive self-perceptions of their appearance, whereas those scoring highly on "Hope for Perfection" yielded high positive self-perceptions. Hope For Perfection also corresponded with impression management behaviors and striving for ambitious goals. In summary, Worry About Imperfection relates to negative aspects of appearance perfectionism, while Hope For Perfection relates to positive aspects. One limitation of using the PAPS is the lack of psychological literature evaluating its validity.
Psychological implications Daniels & Price (2000) refer to perfectionists as "ones.” Perfectionists are focused on personal integrity and can be wise, discerning and inspiring in their quest for the truth. They also tend to dissociate themselves from their flaws or what they believe are flaws (such as negative emotions) and can become hypocritical and hypercritical of others, seeking the illusion of virtue to hide their own vices. Researchers have begun to investigate the role of perfectionism in various mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders and personality disorders. Each disorder has varying levels of the three measures on the MPS-scale.
Socially prescribed perfectionism in young women has been associated with greater body-image dissatisfaction and avoidance of social situations that focus on weight and physical appearance. The self-help book Too Perfect: When Being in Control Gets Out of Control by Jeanette Dewyze and Allan Mallinger contends that perfectionists have obsessive personality types. Obsessive personality type is different from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in that OCD is a clinical disorder that may be associated with specific ritualized behavior or thoughts. According to Mallinger and DeWyze, perfectionists are obsessives who need to feel in control at all times to protect themselves and ensure their own safety.
By always being vigilant and trying extremely hard, they can ensure that they not only fail to disappoint or are beyond reproach but that they can protect against unforeseen issues caused by their environment. Vigilance refers to constant monitoring, often of the news, weather, and financial markets. The relationship that exists between perfectionistic tendencies and methods of coping with stress has also been examined with some detail. One recent study found that college students with adaptive perfectionistic traits, such as goal fixation or high standards of performance, were more likely to utilize active or problem focused coping. Those who displayed maladaptive perfectionistic tendencies, such as rumination over past events or fixation on mistakes, tended to utilize more passive or avoidance coping.
Despite these differences, both groups tended to utilize self-criticism as a coping method. This is consistent with theories that conceptualize self-criticism as a central element of perfectionism. There have been identified three main components of perfectionism: self-oriented other-oriented, and socially prescribed Self-oriented perfectionism is an intrapersonal dimension characterized by a strong motivation to be perfect, setting and striving for unrealistic self-standards, focusing on flaws, and generalization of self-standards. Self-oriented perfectionism may also involve a well-articulated ideal self-schema. Other-oriented perfectionism involves similar behaviors, but these behaviors are directed toward others instead of toward the self. Socially prescribed perfectionism entails the belief that others have perfectionistic expectations and motives for oneself.
Positive aspects Perfectionism can drive people to accomplishments and provide the motivation to persevere in the face of discouragement and obstacles. Roedell (1984) argues: In a positive form, perfectionism can provide the driving energy which leads to great achievement. The meticulous attention to detail, necessary for scientific investigation, the commitment which pushes composers to keep working until the music realises the glorious sounds playing in the imagination, and the persistence which keeps great artists at their easels until their creation matches their conception all result from perfectionism. Slaney and his colleagues found that adaptive perfectionists had lower levels of procrastination than non-perfectionists.
In the field of positive psychology, an adaptive and healthy variation of perfectionism is referred to as optimalism. The adaptive form of perfectionism is also typically considered the positive component of this personality trait. Adaptive perfectionism includes preferences for order and organization, a persistent striving for excellence, and conscientious orientation to tasks and performance. All of these characteristics are accompanied by low criticism and negativity, and high support and self-esteem. The positive, adaptive forms of perfectionism are more closely associated with the Big Five personality factor of conscientiousness, whereas maladaptive forms are more similar to neuroticism (see below). Scientists that intently pursue their interests in the laboratory are often considered perfectionists.
This obsession with an end result may motivate them to work diligently and maintain an impressive work ethic. Famous figures also have publicly admitted that they have perfectionist tendencies, suggesting that an intense focus on one's passion can lead to success. Martha Stewart once described herself to Oprah Winfrey as a "maniacal perfectionist." High-achieving athletes often show signs of perfectionism as well. Exceptionally talented people are also often perfectionists. Many individuals now widely regarded as geniuses were obsessive about the quality of their work. In the book Isaac Newton's Natural Philosophy, it is said that "Newton, perhaps because of a basic ambivalence between wanting his discoveries to be known and his fear of criticism, tended to be fussy about his publications."
When finding that an initial print of his Opticks (1704) featured errors, his response was for his name to be removed from the title page entirely; his reaction was the same after William Whiston used the wrong manuscript when printing Arithmetica Universalis (1707). Scholar D. T. Whiteside likewise notes Newton's "usual perfectionist manner". Other highly celebrated figures who were perfectionists include Filippo Brunelleschi, Leonardo da Vinci, Nicolaus Copernicus, Ludwig van Beethoven, Gustave Flaubert, Johannes Brahms, Franz Kafka, Stanley Kubrick, Andrei Tarkovsky, Brian Wilson, and Steve Jobs, all of whom have been considered to be among the most central figures in their respective fields' histories.
Gary Garrison wrote of Kubrick, "His perfectionism led to a handful of cinema’s finest works." Some contend that Michelangelo's perfectionism motivated him to painstakingly complete works including the statue David and the Sistine Chapel ceiling. In The Guardian, Laya Maheshwari argued that perfectionism's bad reputation is unfair and wrote that "when there’s even one ambitious member who’ll create self-imposed deadlines and ask for a chart to supplement the bullet point, the work you produce will be that much better." Negative aspects In its pathological form, perfectionism can be damaging. It can take the form of procrastination when used to postpone tasks and self-deprecation when used to excuse poor performance or to seek sympathy and affirmation from other people.
These, together or separate, are self-handicapping strategies perfectionists may use to protect their sense of self-competence. In general, maladaptive perfectionists feel constant pressure to meet their high standards, which creates cognitive dissonance when one cannot meet their own expectations. Perfectionism has been associated with numerous other psychological and physiological complications as well. Suicide Perfectionism is increasingly being seen as a risk factor for suicide that has a double edged sword. The tendency of perfectionists to have excessively high expectations of self and to be self-critical when their efforts do not meet the standard they have established combined with their tendency to show a "perfect face" to the world increases their risk of suicide ideation while decreasing the likelihood they will seek help when they should.
In 2017 Suicide Statistics found that suicide was 10th leading cause of overall death with firearms being accounted for 50.57 percent of those deaths. Men were 3.54 more likely to commit suicide than women and white males accounted for 69.67 percent of suicide. Men ages 45-85 were 20 percent more likely to commit suicide than adolescents and young adults. Mood such as perfectionism or depression can affect the risk of suicide. Perfectionism is one of many suicide predictors that affect a person negatively with stress and suicide ideation. In a 2013-2016 study it was shown that 8.1 percent of Americans were diagnosed with depression, women being twice as likely to be more depressed than men.
The numbers vary annually as suicide is underreported. Anorexia nervosa Perfectionism has been linked with anorexia nervosa in research for decades. Researchers in 1949 described the behavior of the average anorexic person as being "rigid" and "hyperconscious", observing also a tendency to "neatness, meticulosity, and a mulish stubbornness not amenable to reason [which] make her a rank perfectionist". Perfectionism is a life enduring trait in the biographies of anorexics. It is felt before the onset of the eating disorder, generally in childhood, during the illness, and also, after remission. The incessant striving for thinness among anorexics is itself a manifestation of this trait, of an insistence upon meeting unattainably high standards of performance.
Because of its chronicity, those with eating disorders also display perfectionistic tendencies in other domains of life than dieting and weight control. Over-achievement at school, for example, has been observed among anorexics, as a result of their over-industrious behavior. To help individuals differentiate if they have an eating disorder or a non-eating disorder, they are able to take a self-report instrument called the Questionnaire for Eating Disorder Diagnosis (QEDD) which has been used in several studies of anorexia nervosa. The level of perfectionism was found to have an influence in individual's long-term recovery of anorexia. Those who scored a normal range of perfectionism were able to have a faster recovery rate than patients who scored high in perfectionism.
General applications Perfectionism often shows up in performance at work or school, neatness and aesthetics, organization, writing, speaking, physical appearance, and health and personal cleanliness. In the workplace, perfectionism is often marked by low productivity and missed deadlines as people lose time and energy by paying attention to irrelevant details of their tasks, ranging from major projects to mundane daily activities. This can lead to depression, social alienation, and a greater risk of workplace "accidents". Adderholdt-Elliot (1989) describes five characteristics of perfectionist students and teachers which contribute to underachievement: procrastination, fear of failure, an "all-or-nothing" mindset, paralysed perfectionism, and workaholism.
According to C. Allen, in intimate relationships, unrealistic expectations can cause significant dissatisfaction for both partners. Greenspon lists behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that typically characterize perfectionism. Perfectionists will not be content with their work until it meets their standards, which can make perfectionists less efficient in finishing projects, and they therefore will struggle to meet deadlines. In a different occupational context, athletes may develop perfectionist tendencies. Optimal physical and mental performance is critical for professional athletes, which are aspects that closely relate to perfectionism. Although perfectionist athletes strive to succeed, they can be limited by their intense fear of failure and therefore not exert themselves fully or feel overly personally responsible for a loss.
Because their success is frequently measured by a score or statistics, perfectionist athletes may feel excessive pressure to succeed. Perfectionism sheds light on people's desire for structure and guidance. They tend to work well in structured environments with explicit instructions. Because perfectionists focus on concrete aspects of a task, they may be inflexible to change and lack creativity if problems arise. This can pose a problem when an unforeseen situation arises. In geniuses While perfectionism has played a major role in the achievements of many highly accomplished historical figures, there have been examples of extreme perfectionism leading important thinkers to not release their works and thus fail to have the direct influence on their field(s) that they could have had.
Historian Eric Temple Bell said of Carl Friedrich Gauss, for example, that if the mathematician had published all his discoveries in a timely manner, he would have advanced mathematics by 50 years. Medical complications Perfectionists can suffer from anxiety and low self-esteem. Perfectionism is a risk factor for obsessive compulsive disorder, obsessive compulsive personality disorder, eating disorders, social anxiety, social phobia, body dysmorphic disorder, workaholism, self harm, substance abuse, and clinical depression as well as physical problems like chronic stress, and heart disease. In addition, studies have found that people with perfectionism have a higher mortality rate than those without perfectionism.
A possible reason for this is the additional stress and worry that accompanies the irrational belief that everything should be perfect. Therapists attempt to tackle the negative thinking that surrounds perfectionism, in particular the "all-or-nothing" thinking in which the client believes that an achievement is either perfect or useless. They encourage clients to set realistic goals and to face their fear of failure. Since perfectionism is a self-esteem issue based on emotional convictions about what one must do to be acceptable as a person, negative thinking is most successfully addressed in the context of a recovery process which directly addresses these emotional convictions.
Narcissism According to Arnold Cooper, narcissism can be considered as a self-perceived form of perfectionism – "an insistence on perfection in the idealized self-object and the limitless power of the grandiose self. These are rooted in traumatic injuries to the grandiose self." Narcissists often are pseudo-perfectionists and require being the center of attention and create situations where they will receive attention. This attempt at being perfect is cohesive with the narcissist's grandiose self-image. If a perceived state of perfection isn't reached it can lead to guilt, shame, anger or anxiety because he/she believes that he/she will lose the imagined love and admiration from other people if he or she is not perfect.
Personality traits Perfectionism is one of Raymond Cattell's 16 Personality Factors. According to this construct, people who are organized, compulsive, self-disciplined, socially precise, exacting will power, controlled, and self-sentimental are perfectionists. In the Big Five personality traits, perfectionism is an extreme manifestation of conscientiousness and can provoke increasing neuroticism as the perfectionist's expectations are not met. Maladaptive perfectionism is more similar to neuroticism while adaptive perfectionism is more similar to conscientiousness. The latter positively corresponds with life satisfaction, self-esteem, secure attachment, and cohesive self-development. A study found that athletes with a respect and love for themselves ("basic self-esteem") exhibit more positive patterns of perfectionism, whereas individuals who have a self-esteem that is dependent on competence aspects ("earning self-esteem") show more negative perfectionism.
Treatments Cognitive-behavioral therapy has been shown to successfully help perfectionists in reducing social anxiety, public self-consciousness, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) behaviors, and perfectionism. By using this approach, a person can begin to recognize their irrational thinking and find an alternative way to approach situations. Acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) was demonstrated to have a major contribution to treat perfectionism from increasing awareness, increasing acceptance, and living a meaningful life. These practices were shown to help reduce anxiety, depression, and social phobia. This approach has been shown to be effective six months post to the therapy. See also Cognitive-behavioral therapy Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder Perfect is the enemy of good Satisficing Self-acceptance Self-compassion References Further reading Shaw, Daniel (2013).
Traumatic Narcissism: Relational Systems of Subjugation. Routledge External links Our dangerous obsession with perfectionism is getting worse at TED Power of Shame at TED Seeking Perfection BBC Science and Nature The Almost Perfect Scale-Revised Robert B. Slaney & Colleagues Perfectionism Subtypes & Treatment at Cadence Psychology Category:Anxiety Category:Personality traits Category:Narcissism
Try, Try Again may refer to: In television episodes: "Try, Try Again" (Bigfoot Presents: Meteor and the Mighty Monster Trucks) "Try, Try Again" (The Brady Bunch) "Try, Try Again" (Eureka) "Try, Try Again" (Gawayn) "Try, Try Again" (Little People, Big World) In other uses: Try, Try Again (film), a 1922 film starring James Parrott "Try Try Again", a song by Hank Williams, Jr. from Greatest Hits Try Try Again, a Thoroughbred racehorse whose offspring include Ribot See also "Try Try Try Again", a song by Dressy Bessy from Electrified "Try Again, Again" a 2006 song by Brian Posehn Try Again (disambiguation)