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cff72a1d7f021bdfa69e6e398daa67939fbc0c06 | Sahara | The effects of local surface low pressure are extremely limited because upper-level subsidence still continues to block any form of air ascent. Also, to be protected against rain-bearing weather systems by the atmospheric circulation itself, the desert is made even drier by his geographical configuration and location. Indeed, the extreme aridity of the Sahara can't be only explained by the subtropical high pressure. The Atlas Mountains, found in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia also help to enhance the aridity of the northern part of the desert. These major mountain ranges act as a barrier causing a strong rain shadow effect on the leeward side by dropping much of the humidity brought by atmospheric disturbances along the polar front which affects the surrounding Mediterranean climates. | What contributes to the climate? | {
"text": [
"These major mountain ranges act as a barrier causing a strong rain shadow effect on the leeward side by dropping much of the humidity brought by atmospheric disturbances along the polar front which affects the surrounding Mediterranean climates"
],
"answer_start": [
548
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3ea3c738761544e3d193248bd27df0a8e1c2e52d | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | what group is mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"6,000 to 7,000 slaves"
],
"answer_start": [
486
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
87bb559957f86c60dc94138caf53924838ec2319 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | What preceded the North African conquest? | {
"text": [
"the Muslim conquest of Arabia"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f50b7ef9d2c9c67ec660e623d9ac3c7612946161 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | At what point was the key river on the continent controlled? | {
"text": [
"By the end of 641"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b0445f797e82155a7cff59d837c3ba1b7e05efbe | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | what place is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"northern shores of the Sahara"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
df83909b616b7f15c0adc3dc5895fab638ecfef1 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | What increased the area's growth? | {
"text": [
"It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year"
],
"answer_start": [
422
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
71d93c29c5855fc4248da965da07cd222f2e9043 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | How did the nation grow? | {
"text": [
"After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5ce1b9b7ef7524da9822c45f32eecfb968e1a49e | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | what group is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"The Byzantine Empire"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f11f4132661849fd5b7c853dfcff5e2ad14b2bca | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | Where did the Muslims focus their attention prior to North Africa? | {
"text": [
"Arabian peninsula"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
088437e9ef1b730c18f15d4937aad54d8758a679 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | What was part of the nation's holdings? | {
"text": [
"the northern shores of the Sahara"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
687b3dbd5f06308aa9699845a2e094e20ad8e9f0 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | What specific economic activity had a strong impact in the area? | {
"text": [
"slave trade"
],
"answer_start": [
390
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
11b813887aee3129fa338ff3db3c91751a6aaaa5 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | Who preceded the Muslims in the area? | {
"text": [
"Byzantine Empire"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c77e9975357277e357e5e664a094f7e707aa4aed | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | what time period is mentioned second to last? | {
"text": [
"641"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0b8ec55adb0a55b35f924c6769848cfebb966a92 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | what place is mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"the desert"
],
"answer_start": [
410
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c876aa93a6fb313b4a73265dc793d222551ef655 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | What type of land is the area that the Muslims carried out their successful conquest? | {
"text": [
"desert"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ae06e05d68a580209d3ac2d055dda4de169b6c55 | Sahara | The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. | Who controlled the river source? | {
"text": [
"all of Egypt was in Muslim hands"
],
"answer_start": [
301
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9da64a7ad1bbcf84848d658bc6301fc9616eb699 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | What more known ancient african country had governments which branched from neolithic societies in Sudan? | {
"text": [
"Egypt"
],
"answer_start": [
951
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d38cb94d90e46d2653da52b5f9abe5d7d0b47bdd | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | What did the environment of Africa allow to take place? | {
"text": [
"agricultural revolution"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2ff4a0a260ad4a4cc5564850f80930f83de0ee67 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | Which place did NOT have different levels of authority: Old Kingdom of Egypt, Nabta, or Nubia? | {
"text": [
"Nubia"
],
"answer_start": [
292
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
06dc9de49bfda8d4916e4912461fa0c4516dd330 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | Where were current deserts in Sudan fertileand heavility populated? | {
"text": [
"During the Neolithic Era"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
899cebe189135048b66304fe634be9fe86f97748 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | Which came first, Stonehenge or the megaliths at Nabta Playa? | {
"text": [
"Megaliths found at Nabta Playa"
],
"answer_start": [
572
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1a2af04c0b8d0d668b50c13bf113ec9be2c936e1 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | What type of device was pioneered at Nabta Playa? | {
"text": [
"archaeoastronomy"
],
"answer_start": [
658
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0a6830416d57393357c0822b71737ed6569250f3 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | What changes did nubians make around 500 BC? | {
"text": [
"living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals"
],
"answer_start": [
356
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a36f9c159f1ff237cec60a98be4a811d902e06c1 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | What came after the neolithic era? | {
"text": [
"agricultural revolution"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7db817f3a63158298a57aa88f92ce425c398e6b3 | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | What artifact used for astronomy is muhc older than stonehenge? | {
"text": [
"Megaliths found at Nabta Playa"
],
"answer_start": [
572
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c737010c444d960714760b166f21e14cfad1f96e | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | Where in Sudan is there something similar to Stonehenge? | {
"text": [
"Nabta Playa"
],
"answer_start": [
591
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b323fa75cf2da848062bdae496df4abdb4ceeaaf | Sahara | During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt. | Why are areas in Neolithic sudan no longer settled? | {
"text": [
"now barren desert"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0d02a9b78a1f0e82c41800e1345a896899d79741 | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | What is one way humans show that they dominate the animal kingdom? | {
"text": [
"hunting for food and recreation"
],
"answer_start": [
268
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
55b1b8d5aedb4e0a59b4006b5a2543376b13aebe | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | How are humans affecting the animals? | {
"text": [
"populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
29f18a46f574ebb0d6ecae917c9271d3cef92d52 | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | Where can you find oases? | {
"text": [
"in the deserts"
],
"answer_start": [
351
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
248c8eca3a33e3bc5ce1578aecf70bc7e24b7976 | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | What does the word 'Here' in the second sentence refers to? | {
"text": [
"oases"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
37b8fd661a143975c0734a6003daba7827bdbb56 | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | Deserts do not have much of their own? | {
"text": [
"water"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b445ecfe3dbac37127dbd1c7da130e9a90258cc5 | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | Humans are attracted to places with? | {
"text": [
"water"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c8fdb898d8871a48566d4419d081454e132f4c65 | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | Who hunts? | {
"text": [
"human"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9473a91266fc73ecd50c04bf8d27dca9e2ceaa81 | Sahara | human activities are more likely to affect the habitat in areas of permanent water (oases) or where water comes close to the surface. Here, the local pressure on natural resources can be intense. The remaining populations of large mammals have been greatly reduced by hunting for food and recreation. In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. These schemes often lead to soil degradation and salinization. | Who puts pressure on the natural resources? | {
"text": [
"human"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d02064ab9d1dd024baf7e384a12ad4dea98c521f | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | How far did the France colonialism reach? | {
"text": [
"Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5702641735b744e54179c9078faf5f016ba55cb6 | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | Which place did the French conquer later, Mali or Timbuktu? | {
"text": [
"Timbuktu"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
80ed7e19d925348747940e6b549d01e5a512c0d9 | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | what is the second time period mentioned? | {
"text": [
"1830"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f28b0c962a746884a84b6129ac4635420087cb66 | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | what place is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"the Sahara"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d2982a032cbe4e14f1d07950903fe9bcefe5233e | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | what vehicles are mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"airplanes"
],
"answer_start": [
512
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
24a5fb28fca7b6a034f31adc194a72ee3f42ebf1 | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | what ethnicity is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"European"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
dd6bcf97d44c7e315fb3681e9917a02ccada164d | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | Which of the following was conquered later, Morocco or Tunisia? | {
"text": [
"Morocco"
],
"answer_start": [
312
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
30ff2d4081a1ec87a9331776fe1923f02b0dd6bd | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | what is the last time period mentioned? | {
"text": [
"20th century"
],
"answer_start": [
379
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c0ce2e980e591b78157abee4eca0a370cd12c384 | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | Who had the Algiers after 1830? | {
"text": [
"France"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
522962533db21d5342672b0228e75159e645de69 | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | What did France rule over after the Algiers? | {
"text": [
"Algeria"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
93a2f992d095e1008c2e93899feb0ad443bad5d3 | Sahara | European colonialism in the Sahara began in the 19th century. France conquered the regency of Algiers from the Ottomans in 1830, and French rule spread south from Algeria and eastwards from Senegal into the upper Niger to include present-day Algeria, Chad, Mali then French Sudan including Timbuktu, Mauritania, Morocco (1912), Niger, and Tunisia (1881). By the beginning of the 20th century, the trans-Saharan trade had clearly declined because goods were moved through more modern and efficient means, such as airplanes, rather than across the desert. | Which came later, the conquest of Tunisia or the development of airplanes? | {
"text": [
"airplanes"
],
"answer_start": [
512
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a60eb64437f6c83f7059ae6d7a32feda3548cb0b | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | What kind of rainfall does the Sahara get? | {
"text": [
"extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic"
],
"answer_start": [
537
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
aa73d682716ad88bf2be788a5bf3fced6002ce1e | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | What is the name of the belt system which brings rain to the Sahel and the southern Sahara? | {
"text": [
"the equatorial low"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9fc21c955f8666208dcb5e39c0e6fef57cb6e793 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | What is not the cause of low amounts of rain? | {
"text": [
"lack of moisture"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1c3fac318670c6e3e18c241262e77e03e3f9320d | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | What kind of temperature does the Sahara have? | {
"text": [
"high"
],
"answer_start": [
630
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4be0d4d813b09b127a31e7c834792616e5da5da3 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | How much mugginess does the Sahara see? | {
"text": [
"negligible rates"
],
"answer_start": [
660
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
25a4bf153546b778715a981b2e9496ff821c2af8 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | Which of the following is NOT common in the Sahara: high sunshine duration, evaporation or rainfall? | {
"text": [
"rainfall"
],
"answer_start": [
579
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e8dadc18492399553fbfcf43e0787b130606d700 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | Which of the following is NOT a type of barrier to precipitation: physical, equatorial, or atmospheric? | {
"text": [
"equatorial"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
377b1160a5ed1ffd08086d226344b6ffc9235b47 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | Which part of the Sahara has a rainy season? | {
"text": [
"southern"
],
"answer_start": [
199
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b03cc4d5fd463cc1f4c66e04e0b9cb3eb8911d6d | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | what is the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism responsible for creating a shortage of? | {
"text": [
"precipitation"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1ce0515749c2302a08c781f2e2dea9f90725e5ee | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | What could the climate of the Sahara be described as? | {
"text": [
"harsh"
],
"answer_start": [
489
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
68e283956871a6934d1eb2803f90a04926885855 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | How often is it hot in the Sahara? | {
"text": [
"year-round"
],
"answer_start": [
648
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0f67940838a0c7c8a962c837d030fcea510f5288 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | What is the amount of hours the sun shines in the Sahara desert? | {
"text": [
"extremely high"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
876e11bfb754cb925793070ed7ebf0136d378d41 | Sahara | The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara. The Sahara doesn't lack precipitation because of a lack of moisture, but due to the lack of a precipitation-generating mechanism. Rainfall in this giant desert has to overcome the physical and atmospheric barriers that normally prevent the production of precipitation. The harsh climate of the Sahara is characterized by extremely low, unreliable, highly erratic rainfall; extremely high sunshine duration values; high temperatures year-round; negligible rates of relative humidity, a significant diurnal temperature variation and extremely high levels of potential evaporation which are the highest recorded worldwide. | What obstructs rain in the Sahara? | {
"text": [
"physical and atmospheric barriers"
],
"answer_start": [
396
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
596760909c37652fd08fd89953c7b6df44bbdeb7 | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | What tool is intended to be used to remove paint from a surface? | {
"text": [
"scrapers"
],
"answer_start": [
655
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
28b0e999917f7114b27a272946fb122052e15253 | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | Which of the following does not produce durable goods: weaving, fishing or pottery? | {
"text": [
"fishing"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
87fb77a024201d6f8cb8098c39f073a21e2e9161 | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | Which of the following does not produce food: fishing, tanning, or agriculture? | {
"text": [
"Tanning"
],
"answer_start": [
368
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
16ef4373f902b30bbab3e5d3b9eed7b2f1958998 | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | What activity other than those centered on food, creation of objects for the house and around the house, and for the activities having to do with the raising of animals and plats is mentioned in this paragraph? | {
"text": [
"Burial"
],
"answer_start": [
697
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
12a747c762d2020b45d5681bf5a6bb918c63524b | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | What animal is used to make lard, a type of fat used in cooking? | {
"text": [
"pigs"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5b256b6f14bf29230050e5d10c8d9bab840f580b | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | Although a place in Egypt, this notion is used to signify population in this paragraph. | {
"text": [
"Al Fayyum"
],
"answer_start": [
518
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d91cbff1a77be915b211a0c00fe8b525f47369b9 | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | The process of forming objects out of clay, such as vases is called? | {
"text": [
"pottery"
],
"answer_start": [
393
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c7854c45106650b7de31be7e2f0825a779101437 | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | What geographical elements is predominant in Egypt? | {
"text": [
"desert environments"
],
"answer_start": [
829
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b11a2c2ea6466378ef72d16653d07f196074de1d | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | Which of the following is not an animal: pigs, pottery or cattle? | {
"text": [
"pottery"
],
"answer_start": [
393
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b0e4874460ba77e33be42a06598bde51247994ba | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | Juevnile members of which animal are referred to as kids? | {
"text": [
"goats"
],
"answer_start": [
301
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3f80307369d7548fe459a637f193dafa7b725453 | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | What is the animal whose hair can be shaven off to produce wool? | {
"text": [
"sheep"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6256905f0365e2ec3cf8aa98d1c33dbed8ca943a | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | What activity that is nowadays performed in gyms or salons was also used by the Egyptians, although with a different meaning? | {
"text": [
"Tanning"
],
"answer_start": [
368
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e7ea266baf40f3d7d974d7e684b342ce7cf2981d | Sahara | By 6000 BCE predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BCE centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone. Tanning of animal skins, pottery and weaving were commonplace in this era also. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th millennium BCE, with food activities centering on fishing, hunting and food-gathering. Stone arrowheads, knives and scrapers from the era are commonly found. Burial items included pottery, jewelry, farming and hunting equipment, and assorted foods including dried meat and fruit. Burial in desert environments appears to enhance Egyptian preservation rites, and dead were buried facing due west. | Which activity from the 6th millennium BCE was not connected with eating: fishing, hunting, or weaving? | {
"text": [
"weaving"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f293dc62735a37a01f028e8c5c083440a808520a | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what land formation is mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"hills"
],
"answer_start": [
444
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2eeead539c652c18c9f90625bfafc764c98c9e65 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what area is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"Jerusalem"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
19332178d453f85526eadee1a9abc6c92b49be0d | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what text is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"Luke's gospel"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
31e75ca7da34cfdfcdc51a80ed3fe589339ea334 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | Who is told not to cry? | {
"text": [
"Daughters of Jerusalem"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d8b7ee502595c648258f200357f5a837d47671b0 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | Who spoke to the Daughters of Jerusalem? | {
"text": [
"Jesus"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b17b52e167cf8c6ea3064ca6009b5d981a465c7e | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what is the first place mentioned? | {
"text": [
"Jerusalem"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b2b2bbe61539b21fdbb26f5d8512e595499fcabe | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what condition of lumber is mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"dry"
],
"answer_start": [
543
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
60ab8ecfa694a57f7bb3bb1ae84e0b6c43031a41 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what is the last land formation mentioned? | {
"text": [
"hills"
],
"answer_start": [
444
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7f7f0e483a6cdbff2f53ba10417e127303e8f909 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what group is mentioned first? | {
"text": [
"women among the crowd"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
97714f0d192281fdccc736783fca0087ca2bbdc4 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what is the second to last land formation mentioned? | {
"text": [
"mountains"
],
"answer_start": [
408
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b81d679dbe0a91e6ae06a9a2402cdb6957e07b03 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | Who is told to cry for the children? | {
"text": [
"Daughters of Jerusalem"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
02ad613da8c97e0999a10bd3107d7a31909699ff | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what are the first body parts mentioned? | {
"text": [
"wombs"
],
"answer_start": [
315
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d7bca116641e6051ce95326bc3c998948b91a7fa | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | what is the first text mentioned? | {
"text": [
"Luke's gospel"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3a789d40fc998871e7bd965b7fbec65b9d1240d7 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | Who was this written by? | {
"text": [
"Luke"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
43f349cb93cd70581a2eca72befde23250af11c0 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31] | If this is not John's or Matthew's or Marks, then who would have written this? | {
"text": [
"Luke's"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
11b188da7cea14722132431cf20ba03380dd36be | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | What are the books of Jesus referred to as? | {
"text": [
"Gospels"
],
"answer_start": [
514
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
994e410b91036ebcbdf5631794500ccb72189c5e | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | What utterance does Jesus have in the account? | {
"text": [
"a genuine cry"
],
"answer_start": [
721
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
39448fad1c6de8346f4531cb6e49ec953a2cfbd9 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | How did Jesus express that he felt in Mark and Matthew? | {
"text": [
"forsaken"
],
"answer_start": [
886
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
00f239a13b1733df1aea62be30a5e131b7fd1f26 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | What was the Psalm quoted in? | {
"text": [
"Aramaic"
],
"answer_start": [
300
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
245bafb9f261382da166c7e769a429c88d2a6b1c | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | Vermes did what? | {
"text": [
"suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage"
],
"answer_start": [
380
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
376bf7fe28bf6eb61fcac6c18e3f94ed72bdadee | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | What is Geza's interpretation of the phrase when compared to the other parts of the account? | {
"text": [
"unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable"
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f1530dcbe7ca9ae9088a116a49efd144e6d7981e | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | what biblical name was pointed out? | {
"text": [
"Mark and Matthew"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7f20cd950d29fc9c1bdcbd11e5486e39c2a82130 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | Aramic is used to point out? | {
"text": [
"verse"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
66b03730099591c365087dc40d9fbeae8b005927 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | What was the Psalm written in? | {
"text": [
"Hebrew"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7f3005a7c0e80b204e2e77f3150e8c1cbf713abd | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | How known was the phrase used? | {
"text": [
"in common usage"
],
"answer_start": [
459
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e19b1f427a07d09987305a20fb5fa153eebd15f4 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | who was the scholar mentioned in the last paragraph? | {
"text": [
"Raymond Brown"
],
"answer_start": [
737
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3b90d71d9415cbedc8157b92a4c2456929e5edc3 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew in which it usually would have been recited, and suggests that by the time of Jesus, this phrase had become a proverbial saying in common usage. Compared to the accounts in the other Gospels, which he describes as 'theologically correct and reassuring', he considers this phrase 'unexpected, disquieting and in consequence more probable'. He describes it as bearing 'all the appearances of a genuine cry'. Raymond Brown likewise comments that he finds 'no persuasive argument against attributing to the Jesus of Mark/Matt the literal sentiment of feeling forsaken expressed in the Psalm quote'. | Does Geza consider the phrase to be honest or not? | {
"text": [
"a genuine cry"
],
"answer_start": [
721
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e1398870212dc25a2962d580e82fe73b22cf1810 | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | According to the canonical gospels, Jesus, whom Christians believe to be the Son of God as well as the Messiah (Christ), was arrested, tried, and sentenced by Pontius Pilate to be scourged, and finally crucified by the Romans. Jesus was stripped of his clothing and offered wine mixed with gall to drink, before being crucified. He was then hung for six hours (according to Mark's Gospel) between two convicted thieves. During this time, the soldiers affixed a sign to the top of the cross stating "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" in three languages. They then divided his garments among them, but cast lots for his seamless robe. After Jesus' death they pierced his side with a spear to be certain that he had died. The Bible records seven statements that Jesus made while he was on the cross, as well as several supernatural events that occurred. | Who took Jesus' clothes and robe? | {
"text": [
"soldiers"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
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