id
stringlengths 40
40
| title
stringlengths 3
59
| context
stringlengths 152
3.36k
| question
stringlengths 1
296
| answers
sequence | metadata
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
bb0e99da9856a326cb48c8e6dc94c2183feac51f | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | What is moved when hydrogen ions are pumped into the soil? | {
"text": [
"cations"
],
"answer_start": [
527
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
28b7babaa015c3799cdf3daf4a660fca1faf25f9 | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | Where do plants get important elements from? | {
"text": [
"the soil through their roots and from the air"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5c2a9a99b744720781c34bc982dfce19a1fa122f | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | What are cations? | {
"text": [
"nutrients"
],
"answer_start": [
321
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cda3273c1a001ed47276d0920834da187ef15c3e | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | What do plants get from soil? | {
"text": [
"essential elements"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
779d4f617c6c46cab320df038ed8be675cc0eed3 | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | Why don't plants need to eat like humans? | {
"text": [
"Plants uptake essential elements from the soil"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1b33d3e263ebea2a41cdfce47cc67de8e0d39315 | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | What items on roots aids in this process? | {
"text": [
"hairs"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4e62ffb7a4e2b6e8f12e686613a95cdee736b135 | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | What part of the plant has hair? | {
"text": [
"root"
],
"answer_start": [
427
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
55efb5ec6a77a9d2c1081bcdee7de39b1b66da9c | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | What are roots able to do following the pumping of hydrogen ions? | {
"text": [
"uptake"
],
"answer_start": [
619
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
019cdc5f05acd2fb20af9eec89667426b5913712 | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | How do plants get carbon dioxide? | {
"text": [
"photosynthesis"
],
"answer_start": [
248
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8313a8605ef05c26ccbf10d22945051b921c7b6a | Nutrition | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients are absorbed from the soil. Nutrient uptake in the soil is achieved by cation exchange, wherein root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root. In the leaves, stomata open to take in carbon dioxide and expel oxygen. The carbon dioxide molecules are used as the carbon source in photosynthesis. | Where do plants get the essential elements for photosynthesis? | {
"text": [
"the air"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c82b8c56fbe9d4bf6fc8a6a6b5ae887d9c96a773 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | Rice is a type of? | {
"text": [
"food"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
452e5428fe78117400fe0ce31873e6b282b0aed6 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | why do we pasteurize food | {
"text": [
"to control bacterial disease"
],
"answer_start": [
502
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
44f0ef5818797bb2c5a8cb6e899552d7a218ff29 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | Rice is consumed as a type of? | {
"text": [
"food"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b62680cf9694bbdbd2b879a8dc879f9d49dee953 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | how is polished rice made | {
"text": [
"Removing the outer layer of rice"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fefbcefdb27498e3b14ffb3c09fbbae626aefbe3 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | Heat-treating has what unexpected consequence for people? | {
"text": [
"scurvy"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
625749347adf006a9414d83d2f9d96b2d4b00d42 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | scurvy is from a lack of | {
"text": [
"vitamin C"
],
"answer_start": [
600
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6ad3cd13841ad8854a310adeb8ef28df7b0cf838 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | where is the thiamine in rice | {
"text": [
"the outer layer"
],
"answer_start": [
166
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b82ada1d7954ba71a65152099909c3015cdf6de7 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | Pasteurisation is named after | {
"text": [
"Pasteur"
],
"answer_start": [
493
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
621b722d910299d5e31b5216856d45c284e57bca | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | Polished rice has undergone? | {
"text": [
"processing"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
09a198b155816e0f86bf0e8437be3a29547c3a91 | Nutrition | A dramatic example of the effect of food processing on a population's health is the history of epidemics of beri-beri in people subsisting on polished rice. Removing the outer layer of rice by polishing it removes with it the essential vitamin thiamine, causing beri-beri. Another example is the development of scurvy among infants in the late 19th century in the United States. It turned out that the vast majority of sufferers were being fed milk that had been heat-treated (as suggested by Pasteur) to control bacterial disease. Pasteurisation was effective against bacteria, but it destroyed the vitamin C. | Polishing rice is a form of? | {
"text": [
"food processing"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1674d024735128a7ae67e86d1028b98c536d5e5c | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | If insulin/leptin function well, what result du they have? | {
"text": [
"an appropriately high metabolic rate"
],
"answer_start": [
712
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cee07f1f926475402f1ed95ffee539fa81b7f003 | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | Why is it difficult to stop obesity? | {
"text": [
"vicious cycle"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
46f35652c8361be52a3fd26fbafe0ddd4ed4386c | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | Obesity can be countered if there is an? | {
"text": [
"appropriately high metabolic rate"
],
"answer_start": [
715
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b8e3706427380f3faa899b5c13f1d3b82d88c4dc | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | Leptin resistance can cause you not to feel? | {
"text": [
"satiety"
],
"answer_start": [
433
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
89403203877f740c706445bf5e251a4fb965d85a | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | Obesity is seen as? | {
"text": [
"body fat"
],
"answer_start": [
597
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4850cb3ce1257d8c59a36574ea3acb5729ab5a38 | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | From where does the body take its insulin? | {
"text": [
"stimulating foods and energy"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2f14c3f3b3ad55a744fd26e1feba92b5e17e9b74 | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | Where does nourishment accumulate in cases of overeating? | {
"text": [
"fat storage"
],
"answer_start": [
291
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9ccd727fbb43bd41b11cc69bfd1104fc8d477183 | Nutrition | Obesity can unfavourably alter hormonal and metabolic status via resistance to the hormone leptin, and a vicious cycle may occur in which insulin/leptin resistance and obesity aggravate one another. The vicious cycle is putatively fuelled by continuously high insulin/leptin stimulation and fat storage, as a result of high intake of strongly insulin/leptin stimulating foods and energy. Both insulin and leptin normally function as satiety signals to the hypothalamus in the brain; however, insulin/leptin resistance may reduce this signal and therefore allow continued overfeeding despite large body fat stores. In addition, reduced leptin signalling to the brain may reduce leptin's normal effect to maintain an appropriately high metabolic rate. | What is the origin of the vicious cycle mentioned in this text? | {
"text": [
"Obesity"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e481a86994a415ae3e2b2d4dbb81ebb07c2358b6 | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What level of poverty can lead to lower levels of healthy eating? | {
"text": [
"high"
],
"answer_start": [
524
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fff33cd6bbd98c19b257fa189bf248c7ee591b6e | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What supporting evidence is cited for the main topic? | {
"text": [
"lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d198d8f8ad99e342ced46fbaf49fa9db65602d95 | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What social economic limits affect how healty the food we eat is? | {
"text": [
"low levels of education and high levels of poverty"
],
"answer_start": [
496
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
57c7e208b7e600f5d6f99599591d19249324f855 | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | How are the bottom rung classes usually effected the greatest? | {
"text": [
"decrease opportunities"
],
"answer_start": [
552
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7e050131a565c6dfd468b7e293d1a51c877b96b3 | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | Practically speaking, what do some individuals have difficulty obtaining? | {
"text": [
"healthful foods"
],
"answer_start": [
406
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
385ba0b568be91bb83d09b008f19f84d3b78bbad | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What is an objective measure of societies lack of health/nutrition literacy? | {
"text": [
"statistics"
],
"answer_start": [
6
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a60267bfcb3f35455e8fd9f9a022e0f343cef6ff | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What is the main idea of the passage? | {
"text": [
"reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a01256cef7b436c95c40f6e53ce17d98b600346d | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What is a food desert? | {
"text": [
"limited or difficult access to healthful foods"
],
"answer_start": [
375
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f176a91e1066ecf02a46d27db594367d2e27fee0 | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What do people fail to grasp? | {
"text": [
"health/nutrition"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
27179eefb5e6ee6fcd066d056ee6c3be84b866a4 | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What is health/nutrition literacy? | {
"text": [
"information about food"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1fafffdcbc0330b1ac7e89ab686be75c2fab350a | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What do people who have little or no knowledge of health/nutrition lack? | {
"text": [
"health/nutrition literacy"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d0d1b0b0befde7c13ed8a34168c903c15ac1bd64 | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | What is the conclusion of the passage's evidence? | {
"text": [
"decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living"
],
"answer_start": [
552
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
30474b856c4692b48a777d042d60e3e14d70b1ff | Nutrition | These statistics point to the complexities surrounding the lack of health/nutrition literacy and reveal the degree to which they are embedded in the social structure and interconnected with other problems. Among these problems are the lack of information about food choices, a lack of understanding of nutritional information and its application to individual circumstances, limited or difficult access to healthful foods, and a range of cultural influences and socioeconomic constraints such as low levels of education and high levels of poverty that decrease opportunities for healthful eating and living. | Is the understanding of it personal or a cultural group effort? | {
"text": [
"individual"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3991e294b4721addfdb32b2edc1a6d2653ffaa1c | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | Although Montana is a large state, it has a low what? | {
"text": [
"population"
],
"answer_start": [
395
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
98b1ca0a76928e7bd7fd8cfd26a716be88ed50ca | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | In which country would you find the Rocky Mountains? | {
"text": [
"United States"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d0ba64517b303f8063d1cf103f0b5a3d745757d6 | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | Where can you find "The Treasure State"? | {
"text": [
"the United States"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4d929024795a1057ae9244fce3c5de7459c1b958 | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | Which Montana nickname implies that you see a lot of blue when you look up? | {
"text": [
"Big Sky Country"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c492fa4d260b5ce982653c1b4eb3c72d497e3bfb | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | What is significant about Montana? | {
"text": [
"77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains"
],
"answer_start": [
590
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
be331a8cda6cbe1f89a576977775b8e6a5a5fc6a | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | What nation state contains the "Land of the Shining Mountains" | {
"text": [
"United States"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cf3bf4bef87e9bda2921ec344492d466ce086e8d | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | Which nickname is its official nickname? | {
"text": [
"none official"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b91247f32b8fe3a3a3c07f11dbce45f08952a2a8 | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | Where is the Big Sky Country located? | {
"text": [
"Western region of the United States"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9ed7cb2bc2d7e173e9504469024a90ed8ab5286f | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | What nickname is similar to its actual name? | {
"text": [
"Land of the Shining Mountains"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0831b5f6f22e5fa18ce312611d088ee26d845e81 | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | If you were in a Latin region and said the name of the state of Montana, what would people think you were saying? | {
"text": [
"mountain"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7ba05fce9286a2ec6543a9e3f3e7d3c770fac79f | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | What is significant about the state in relation to its name? | {
"text": [
"The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state"
],
"answer_start": [
462
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1db082cce7b138698316441298406012d1bc096c | Montana | Montana i/mɒnˈtænə/ is a state in the Western region of the United States. The state's name is derived from the Spanish word montaña (mountain). Montana has several nicknames, although none official, including "Big Sky Country" and "The Treasure State", and slogans that include "Land of the Shining Mountains" and more recently "The Last Best Place". Montana is ranked 4th in size, but 44th in population and 48th in population density of the 50 United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. | What is its typically used nickname? | {
"text": [
"Big Sky Country"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
17fcad8cf90bd0bc0c2cdbfad7cc37dbaf2f3f8e | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | After the first playing, how many times was the group led by Joseph E. Howard asked to replay the song he wrote at the event? | {
"text": [
"12"
],
"answer_start": [
633
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
56c8cdb4bd3ceda105b35f593097633460d8ed93 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | Who was the person responsible for asking? | {
"text": [
"A former member of the troupe"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1495c0a119ece8b3f0ddb9c0f0300b6e4f21517f | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | What set Montana apart from other states? | {
"text": [
"Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby"
],
"answer_start": [
926
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5bbd19eefe6b8731f2ee3f44ba4cc125a90f0502 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | What did Joseph E. Howard's cowriter of the state song do for a living? | {
"text": [
"city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper"
],
"answer_start": [
312
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7a1cf76720e06eb021025f760485a4f00d95d8df | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | Where was the state song first sung by the troupe? | {
"text": [
"Helena"
],
"answer_start": [
599
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f38e82bef5242208a518398be8ad2020ef26ecd4 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | What does this state have in addition to a state ballad and state lullaby? | {
"text": [
"state song"
],
"answer_start": [
723
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
47c58f8c4e7b9b845f983fa4f5d234b6bfaa4007 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | What was completed two decades and one year after Montana officially joined the United States? | {
"text": [
"The state song"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e9ffd729cc84c893446271c261d98905f4d59e3a | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | Who wanted the song to be made? | {
"text": [
"A former member of the troupe"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c83c8b70a234f1b69f2179688435476cee850b85 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | Who was responsible for the conception of this song? | {
"text": [
"A former member of the troupe"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
41dc8b18f889f47caeefc21e9963baee3bed81f2 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | When did it become the state song of Montana despite not yet having legal recognition? | {
"text": [
"1910"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3779fef6a313008d4056e5ca951de0eb9abec480 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | Who, if someone had not requested, would not have made a song? | {
"text": [
"Joseph E. Howard"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ba0e65be73d855ef0506b4b678ad95516dbbc284 | Montana | The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby. | Who decided that the song written by Joseph E. Howard and Charles C. Cohan would be the state song, even though they did not technically have the authority to do so? | {
"text": [
"the governor"
],
"answer_start": [
692
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a6cae44f977d379fc035e955809410e86d34556b | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | How do parks ensure that too many animals are not hunted in a season? | {
"text": [
"limited number of permits"
],
"answer_start": [
229
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5668a50a5ce2af500e91d4e28483af867a169163 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | What else besides mammals are hunted in Montana? | {
"text": [
"bird hunting"
],
"answer_start": [
672
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d0a1ec256199205a6bb5bc8b00a93c4ea4a748c4 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | If you want to avoid black bears what is the best time of year to hunt? | {
"text": [
"fall"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
41488c2c4ae8cbf10d590e4699de32672bd68c96 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | Mule deer are? | {
"text": [
"big game"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0b182cb4addcc6cc27318440cbbf326ae5a7b9b7 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | What do hunters look for in Montana? | {
"text": [
"big game"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ba756eea3f12975a189afefd73b9db7cf23bb5dc | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | Where can migratory waterfowl be found? | {
"text": [
"Montana"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
963036e742f9c72e2f47525ba3f2dc984cc97016 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | Elk is a type of? | {
"text": [
"big game"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c0d07fcf58183ca363f25f1c2e56b859b6586a68 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | What time of year is best to find the largest variety of animals? | {
"text": [
"fall"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5937c3442b54010f8c8c740cd027a22f262c0000 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | Where are the fur bearing animals hunted from? | {
"text": [
"Montana"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
162da9845e356c93f88d2a5d1dfd9d6ab789a989 | Montana | Montana is home to the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation and has a historic big game hunting tradition. There are fall bow and general hunting seasons for elk, pronghorn antelope, whitetail deer and mule deer. A random draw grants a limited number of permits for moose, mountain goats and bighorn sheep. There is a spring hunting season for black bear and in most years, limited hunting of bison that leave Yellowstone National Park is allowed. Current law allows both hunting and trapping of a specific number of wolves and mountain lions. Trapping of assorted fur bearing animals is allowed in certain seasons and many opportunities exist for migratory waterfowl and upland bird hunting. | Pronghorn antelope is a type of? | {
"text": [
"big game"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c21da88526cd8356c9449eec98a414b1fe7176a7 | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | If I was interested in going to Montana in Winter, what would be available only in that season? | {
"text": [
"St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9ae2ee29424998403eaf14a4930ee759ddd9a459 | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | Which reservoir features the name of an animal that gallops? | {
"text": [
"Hungry Horse"
],
"answer_start": [
497
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
95613eb96a99fb855c986a5b1e4a8541759d95ee | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | Besides Montana, what other place has a number of landmarks and rivers? | {
"text": [
"Missouri River"
],
"answer_start": [
737
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
dd85de94421fbad206692e321e35d5ce9c802b83 | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | What is a very notable distinction about one of the landmarks first mentioned? | {
"text": [
"largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b9613b0869eddd760b4f1c9dd1360bbd5da6d336 | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | What is the main point of the passage? | {
"text": [
"3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
61d984e9175dc523ed114ee61a1c5084cf55ccce | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | What is a unique fact that I should know to understand the passage? | {
"text": [
"The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4cfeabe17ddef6bea30ed9af093cab42a5e0f5ec | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | What is the main idea of the passage? | {
"text": [
"There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9aa3499c9aeae5bdff673631b50470107f696c99 | Montana | There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River. | Where is Flathead Lake located? | {
"text": [
"Montana"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3820c2beb5059b9d8d46349630a6ffd78af8b663 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | How did the eleven tribal nations in Montana get recognized? | {
"text": [
"multiple treaties and federal legislation"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e39f8882060fab2c06afe0ec24ae7999414d5c77 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | Indian reservations were created by what types of documents? | {
"text": [
"treaties and federal legislation"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bf54b4acc6728587ddca5bffb213d7e9091789c4 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | Other tribes associated "stone" with the __ because they primarily cooked with heated stones. | {
"text": [
"Assiniboine"
],
"answer_start": [
932
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c7484a452c4742fc42811210e7745fc3eaf0bd2f | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | The reservation established in 1855 is home to the? | {
"text": [
"Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille"
],
"answer_start": [
647
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
483590ffad8f1df36902b0e6522d1f59eb6d4660 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | Where do the majority of Native Americans live in Montana? | {
"text": [
"off the reservations"
],
"answer_start": [
1131
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c810d1a49b39657b53ef940b2aacf1e7422de838 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | __ traditionally called themselves the Hohe Nakota. | {
"text": [
"Assiniboine"
],
"answer_start": [
932
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3b764a4980ee33fd320ee48d80293d6007a25eab | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | The first person of European descent to describe the __ was an employee of the Hudson's Bay Company named Henry Kelsey in the 1690s. | {
"text": [
"Assiniboine"
],
"answer_start": [
932
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
214de268a16e908504b25a141282c77310a550a5 | Montana | Approximately 66,000 people of Native American heritage live in Montana. Stemming from multiple treaties and federal legislation, including the Indian Appropriations Act (1851), the Dawes Act (1887), and the Indian Reorganization Act (1934), seven Indian reservations, encompassing eleven tribal nations, were created in Montana. A twelfth nation, the Little Shell Chippewa is a "landless" people headquartered in Great Falls, recognized by the state of Montana but not by the U.S. Government. The Blackfeet nation is headquartered on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation (1851) in Browning, Crow on the Crow Indian Reservation (1851) in Crow Agency, Confederated Salish and Kootenai and Pend d'Oreille on the Flathead Indian Reservation (1855) in Pablo, Northern Cheyenne on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation (1884) at Lame Deer, Assiniboine and Gros Ventre on the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (1888) in Fort Belknap Agency, Assiniboine and Sioux on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (1888) at Poplar, and Chippewa-Cree on the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (1916) near Box Elder. Approximately 63% of all Native people live off the reservations, concentrated in the larger Montana cities with the largest concentration of urban Indians in Great Falls. The state also has a small Métis population, and 1990 census data indicated that people from as many as 275 different tribes lived in Montana. | The reservation established in 1888 is home to the? | {
"text": [
"Assiniboine and Gros Ventre"
],
"answer_start": [
834
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
34f6686fda469ea500f787e2540ce1510ab8a99e | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | Who did we want to be better neighbors to? | {
"text": [
"Mexico"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b325c363ffbed8b3e44f239905f2a497233d4cd8 | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | What were Mexicans classified as before the U.S. agencies classified them as white? | {
"text": [
"Hispanics"
],
"answer_start": [
369
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
17e08d15147dc17088cd5b44b94c26ac03a35410 | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | In the "good neighbor" policy who was the neighbor of the United States? | {
"text": [
"Mexico"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
06731cbccb16d7ebfaa46403d88d378a6c11e3ac | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | Which group was discriminated against prior to Roosevelt's new policy? | {
"text": [
"League of United Latin American Citizens"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
77056a79b85a35ef86836ffe18e68c85bc9bd62e | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | what is the last ethnic description mentioned? | {
"text": [
"whiteness"
],
"answer_start": [
687
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8fcd3807c972538fa2db78ac5e7534ad60e3b67f | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | Which discriminating rule did we have in place in our country's history? | {
"text": [
"ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2d158da5bf8369a784001f0c73efd4b3a8837737 | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | How would a Mexican person identify themselves after 1935? | {
"text": [
"white"
],
"answer_start": [
553
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d59a0d04cbfb0860616c6a08a9b623632883b8f7 | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | What lead President Roosevelt to change the citizenship requirements for Mexicans? | {
"text": [
"Mexico protested"
],
"answer_start": [
257
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
30e5989ebb0f715df4cfd07e4395fc3de4f893c1 | Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census | President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a "good neighbor" policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935 a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent the decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. | what is the first governmental job that is mentioned? | {
"text": [
"President"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.