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f969dd353f25e07c0f0def82dd4683e1e5f6d17c | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | Where does this thought come from? | {
"text": [
"Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cf6b9a9935ee3e50a54d5cd6b2488df9ce5768b7 | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | How does this impact life? | {
"text": [
"God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1115fcbd51a836ae392c05554c1a72e35a7c3223 | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | What accomplishment have people credited a God with over the years? | {
"text": [
"to have created the universe"
],
"answer_start": [
271
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f30d27d29ab7bc3abceb2d9e646077df303f7425 | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | Who do the atheists credit with passing down the myth of a creator? | {
"text": [
"humans"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
df23262ca35a559cbcd1bea9dba5efaaf4585563 | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | What is thought by the theory? | {
"text": [
"A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7143b6d7525fb5c7ab867f306fb9548412060b48 | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | What describes how the story of God has been passed on through the times? | {
"text": [
"trans-generational"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
13ff90ef3299b90223f221e0758e448992b05b16 | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | As a group, who does not believe that a material God exists? | {
"text": [
"atheists"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
66908214e81e5b56d0a43e4651302f4b9b7de892 | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | What is found? | {
"text": [
"Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6c572970989f316e86416ecd4ba6d27af1eed09e | God | Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary. | What goes against popular opinion? | {
"text": [
"God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality"
],
"answer_start": [
171
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3515dd762fb65f3c6f36227dba3a34103c969fe1 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | Were total investments in renewable energy higher in 2011 or 2012? | {
"text": [
"2011"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
798c34a2c64ff92c1af7d895ddeb1026ba91251f | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | In which year was total investment in renewable energy higher than $250 billion, 2012 or 2011? | {
"text": [
"2011"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
34204d21068165731f563a64e981b71f60cb491a | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | Was there more investing in power plants, wind and solar PV in 2012 or 2000? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
60767123b7878b69dac15e7b44f698e7be9fe138 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | What are some of the most famous institutions that offer renewable energy services? | {
"text": [
"BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli"
],
"answer_start": [
461
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3a137f4003a2bdade47ef31eeb00ee825b26354f | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | What happened to the contribution of renewable energies in a time span of 12 years? | {
"text": [
"As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
09fffcc3b0d36197249d54b7ee1539de670ea1d4 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | Was the share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV bigger in 2000 or 2012? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
34a2c42696832177c9888feddf59ffee28902eee | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | What time period were solar prices not as high: 2011 or 2012? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c1d3b4222d14ced7996ca3f4dec656fc4211845e | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | How much did the investment in renewable energies increase or decrease in the year before 2013? | {
"text": [
"down 12% from 2011"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c280bee8953c4dc363d07364b015ee9235419274 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | Which year saw higher growth in the investment in renewable energy: 2012 or 2011? | {
"text": [
"2011"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4944cae2d8588a993f4a10b2f654f531441ee415 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | In which year was the share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV higher than 15%, 2000 or 2012? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ca68ba515672bec0ab8239afd125bbf1a1fff481 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Total investment in renewable energy (including small hydro-electric projects) was $244 billion in 2012, down 12% from 2011 mainly due to dramatically lower solar prices and weakened US and EU markets. As a share of total investment in power plants, wind and solar PV grew from 14% in 2000 to over 60% in 2012. The top countries for investment in recent years were China, Germany, Spain, the United States, Italy, and Brazil. Renewable energy companies include BrightSource Energy, First Solar, Gamesa, GE Energy, Goldwind, Sinovel, Trina Solar, Vestas and Yingli. | Which year saw less growth in the total share of investment in power plants, wind and solar PV: 2000 or 2012? | {
"text": [
"2000"
],
"answer_start": [
285
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d5d2421445af2ed2f8c282b6e6d55100edfa59c6 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | Solar power may produce most of the world's electricity at? | {
"text": [
"2060"
],
"answer_start": [
343
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f9f17a401a1c273f0595f977f5929850de64fa12 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | What do hydropower plants satisfy? | {
"text": [
"energy needs"
],
"answer_start": [
366
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c8d802160d74147a7151cdde8de47dcd0777d1a0 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | What does wind plants not produce? | {
"text": [
"greenhouse gases"
],
"answer_start": [
187
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c5e9604b722418b89c5444f78072c0d938be9c6e | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | What is needed to generate energy? | {
"text": [
"solar"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f0478f836c316d677468b425022e2342c95b9b89 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | How much is the remaining energy produced by wind, biomass and hydropower? | {
"text": [
"half"
],
"answer_start": [
354
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1d05a40d8a5975b781df534e91a47cb083be4d3c | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | What is IEA? | {
"text": [
"International Energy Agency"
],
"answer_start": [
38
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
dcec6ec91281cb9d243b9ac256012fa5a6f3d5a2 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | What is being generated? | {
"text": [
"electricity"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a1ba3d538c6b524429baec2d7e2a733fd997f4eb | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | Where is the information coming from? | {
"text": [
"2011 projection"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
746aeb316259f34ab4ee0b5b001469ff15be20d2 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | What kind of power plant is solar-thermal plant? | {
"text": [
"half"
],
"answer_start": [
354
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3fb1985e014114a3fca88dfe3e301c7d5b8b4425 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | Other non-greenhouse gas, non-solar forms of energy are? | {
"text": [
"wind, hydropower and biomass"
],
"answer_start": [
386
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ffd188c97bdb6ef5ca14cc5cb855cee082de7be8 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | According to a 2011 projection by the International Energy Agency, solar power plants may produce most of the world's electricity within 50 years, significantly reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases that harm the environment. The IEA has said: "Photovoltaic and solar-thermal plants may meet most of the world's demand for electricity by 2060 – and half of all energy needs – with wind, hydropower and biomass plants supplying much of the remaining generation". "Photovoltaic and concentrated solar power together can become the major source of electricity". | The International Energy Agency studies? | {
"text": [
"Energy"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a0ec9079757be3c9f57bc1309be6c91420f7c5fd | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | What has incentivized people to use renewable energy? | {
"text": [
"global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ed8d68dc3def4b01b6b7bbf3cf1809b8e353f5b9 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | When will renewable energy provide over 1/5 of all energy? | {
"text": [
"2050"
],
"answer_start": [
608
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3f38f29cd9b29696ccc854c6e492d53bc914b442 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | The group which said there are few fundamental technological limits involves what bodies? | {
"text": [
"Intergovernmental"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5f29c02f8c7b074ac147f4fafc5923d5e71a1449 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | What was the lowest renewable energy use predicted for 2030? | {
"text": [
"more than 17%"
],
"answer_start": [
558
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
71459b424a80bbe3cb41282863013ede0ab15dd0 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | What was the lowest renewable energy use predicted for 2050? | {
"text": [
"27%"
],
"answer_start": [
601
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5878727ccfc9870c7f5d02210c635b2b2c46785a | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | Why do people want to use renewable energy? | {
"text": [
"global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
46182c87718a5df15fc4dd3493f0c2c58b963afd | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | What year is not expected to see 77% of renewable energy use? | {
"text": [
"2030"
],
"answer_start": [
675
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
36fdba44efe5dfbf47f49abfef6a82a63bd4085b | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | How much of the demand can renewable energy fill, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change? | {
"text": [
"most"
],
"answer_start": [
381
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5fa457ffd702084a96b759f4f622ad303ef62d84 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | What is Pacala studying? | {
"text": [
"a series of \"stabilization wedges\" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change"
],
"answer_start": [
972
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8366cf2974891dbd19a4ca4f9d325d3487270b65 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | The incentive to use 100% renewable energy, for electricity, transport, or even total primary energy supply globally, has been motivated by global warming and other ecological as well as economic concerns. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said that there are few fundamental technological limits to integrating a portfolio of renewable energy technologies to meet most of total global energy demand. In reviewing 164 recent scenarios of future renewable energy growth, the report noted that the majority expected renewable sources to supply more than 17% of total energy by 2030, and 27% by 2050; the highest forecast projected 43% supplied by renewables by 2030 and 77% by 2050. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates anticipated. At the national level, at least 30 nations around the world already have renewable energy contributing more than 20% of energy supply. Also, Professors S. Pacala and Robert H. Socolow have developed a series of "stabilization wedges" that can allow us to maintain our quality of life while avoiding catastrophic climate change, and "renewable energy sources," in aggregate, constitute the largest number of their "wedges." | What isn't a favorable outcome? | {
"text": [
"catastrophic climate change"
],
"answer_start": [
1072
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
61096a3c519f479761b2aab822506bd63a78f919 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | The earliest __ were in Greece. | {
"text": [
"laboratories"
],
"answer_start": [
498
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c70834f8ae0fe8e43710a3bf7b5ac18512c8485d | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | Who pays for these things that aren't taxes but can be shifted? | {
"text": [
"government"
],
"answer_start": [
179
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bcd49bfaf59eb3baf0bd302fa23365dd73b7c120 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | Darkrooms are film __ | {
"text": [
"laboratories"
],
"answer_start": [
498
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
dc54c5638857aa1baa93dccfe83d4acc8afc6387 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | These things that aren't taxes but can be shifted are responsible for? | {
"text": [
"many technologies and industries"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
447673c9fbfa4d1fc2d8addb563c572ecf37e413 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | Most of what are from public funding? | {
"text": [
"20 key innovations from the past 30 years"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d75d24f86a541f9002eb0182d4477a459c69dc01 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | __ also include workshop spaces. | {
"text": [
"laboratories"
],
"answer_start": [
498
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
37e2538a81e9b58e0b1249d0096c08955f0e943d | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | What modern entity was created by subsidy? | {
"text": [
"the Internet"
],
"answer_start": [
415
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
280de96a8591fdf82d380541874d479d49714601 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. | How many of the top 20 innovations were privately funded? | {
"text": [
"one"
],
"answer_start": [
289
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c8b1e981580a023d76a1e32a4ce6c197a5ba6eac | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States. | What might get more popular for governments to do in the future? | {
"text": [
"Setting national renewable energy targets"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6ae750fe595caa3555377a19aa30e3c0477586d4 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States. | What might we see more countries doing in the future? | {
"text": [
"Setting national renewable energy targets"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cf4014f3245125682c03043a2ca803f975f892fa | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States. | What is being protected? | {
"text": [
"energy"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
29378315f596db89543bce6925614e70f34a0c01 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States. | What are some countries hoping to accomplish? | {
"text": [
"Setting national renewable energy targets"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2331024959b85c5729af1e9afbc06b088b9fe8b2 | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States. | How much % electricty did the EU want to be renewable? | {
"text": [
"22"
],
"answer_start": [
338
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
75c686759cae02b37e2f35e38d9b0ee673390b0e | Renewable_energy_commercialization | Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States. | What might be limited one day? | {
"text": [
"energy"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d317a2b7e6446806b2655e7b8188b24fc300b4ff | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | where is Iran in GTL tech? | {
"text": [
"third"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4fbb188a9f04f1fb591eb987528d0ffd73843abb | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | what is the first place mentioned? | {
"text": [
"Iran"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
acc3f857bfeed83f16a77db4ea54f39e5e50fd01 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | What kind of power had the largest share of power? | {
"text": [
"natural gas"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
92431d2f57187ddcbaf50e2b562b601281232959 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | what is the last place mentioned? | {
"text": [
"Iran"
],
"answer_start": [
451
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6e2f61a06d5701115266b3bd0595040d832068d0 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | What contributed to the increase of power production of Iran in 2004? | {
"text": [
"The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
23006503d2857846765b8a6928e8b62fee164e82 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | which nations resources was not used? | {
"text": [
"Iran"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7336844c3cf4776b6287c5085fb9c9b6e664cc83 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | what is the second to last structure mentioned? | {
"text": [
"geothermal plants"
],
"answer_start": [
371
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5ede5da9bdd9580f6626085fd2df05938a49b7ef | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | What kind of power was made more efficient? | {
"text": [
"coal and oil-fired stations"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e3bc19ed6aa7c974844c1f2b5966a2d3f6a145a8 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | in 2004 solar thermal plant was the what of its kind? | {
"text": [
"first"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
26f0f82966edbec1d1cd91a1e6c3072b4c49c0be | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | what is the second type of energy source mentioned? | {
"text": [
"hydroelectric"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1fc5316f61f07a86cccfd60918ff814fe1f6ac27 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | what is the last time period mentioned? | {
"text": [
"2009"
],
"answer_start": [
445
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c5479afc13cc448823dee949c2c6445ba703ab64 | Iran | In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology. | iran is famed for? | {
"text": [
"GTL technology"
],
"answer_start": [
508
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9c8b840fcbeb4e1bfc005efdd149cce831fba0f1 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What scene expresses complex movement and sequences? | {
"text": [
"a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground"
],
"answer_start": [
660
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1c6c1a85f983b13418bf8822153fd18925cf1cf8 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What artistic expression becomes highly sophisticated in ancient Iranian history? | {
"text": [
"bas-reliefs"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
352dc30e5ad1796a92fbde3d9606f5bea2b0c742 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What makes bas reliefs from this period so interesting? | {
"text": [
"articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner"
],
"answer_start": [
488
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0e11fdc7cc715482bbd0a9365d9e48a487ff53af | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | Why are bas-reliefs from the Sassanid Era highly regarded by art historians? | {
"text": [
"works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner"
],
"answer_start": [
447
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bb05bb0679a11cc586e2aff92ac20ad867e694fc | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | When was the ceiling of the Iranian visual representations? | {
"text": [
"500 BC"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e7d26b90243bef253271c5b119dac88334db2fed | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What was the pig doing after being hurt? | {
"text": [
"escaping"
],
"answer_start": [
679
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1d0c96a857563679f6ebb682a6d90bd234cadb2e | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What art form achieves a high degree of sophistication during the Achaemenid period? | {
"text": [
"bas-reliefs"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8bf53616f8fce232ee0b7fa9f3dffb27793bde88 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What elements do the visual representations in Iranian history have? | {
"text": [
"visual language"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d14aa85ee7adf21a27b00e7fd59310786aeef79f | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | The government of Persepolis was a? | {
"text": [
"kingdom"
],
"answer_start": [
176
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7a7a78b75cfb70dc7b4f1c06538d651c4c998b33 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What was Persepolis known for? | {
"text": [
"grammar and syntax of visual language"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4e01e1f46d9a9325b535606440fc276395544af1 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What is represented in a piece of art from Taq Bostan? | {
"text": [
"a complex hunting scene"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d595af80e37fbbc573633325046601cf88b3e5f8 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | What must adhere to the rules of visual language? | {
"text": [
"the figures at Persepolis"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4425d59cb9e19305e629a962555abedb5a37d2ce | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | Persepolis is of what culture in the modern day? | {
"text": [
"Iranian"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
899d7894cd9c4bd7a28b6daa8e03f24272844978 | Iran | The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground. | An art form at the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of the Achaemeids is? | {
"text": [
"figures"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3fcd4732675be0d9082b97b108c52eaa0e1cb815 | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | How do we know when to date the term Iran? | {
"text": [
"inscription at Rustam Relief"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f4f95370597b0b8f1fbfcceb85e719886f1c7be3 | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | What language does Aryan come from? | {
"text": [
"Proto-Iranian"
],
"answer_start": [
342
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a4aa082a8b0b55a7cfce5b930ab7d5ebb7a1903f | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | What does Arya mean exactly in relations to the term Iran? | {
"text": [
"Aryan"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ec849db4c467d4bfc753c8d347a0ddc92abbeeed | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | There are several Iranian what? | {
"text": [
"languages"
],
"answer_start": [
500
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
779993c7c561f69a8c522911672b4e839102e538 | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | What is the other language that derives from Proto Iranian, other than Parthian? | {
"text": [
"Middle Persian"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ed8681da7617bf4165d576e3271a587b2006ae8a | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | When can we tie the origination of the word Iran? | {
"text": [
"3rd-century"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4c54737425c83576c36eca289ef5549dba5ae88e | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | The terms that are used for Iram and Iranians come from which term? | {
"text": [
"arya"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0b1a14c1f64e8d23f0641eda377e42ad42834f40 | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | What is the term found in an inscription at Rustam Relief that means Iranians? | {
"text": [
"Aryān"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
133b5c9e7bf76567404c7cc0a54f198c170b24ca | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | The Persian and what culture contributed to Iran? | {
"text": [
"Parthian"
],
"answer_start": [
312
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bf24f5416f232e7ca0855cbb52098239df86551b | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | When was the term from which derives Iran first found? | {
"text": [
"3rd-century"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
258c2de6f4dd146631e8aa31399eb6bddd59aeae | Iran | The term Iran derives directly from Middle Persian Ērān, first attested in a 3rd-century inscription at Rustam Relief, with the accompanying Parthian inscription using the term Aryān, in reference to Iranians. The Middle Iranian ērān and aryān are oblique plural forms of gentilic ēr- (Middle Persian) and ary- (Parthian), both deriving from Proto-Iranian *arya- (meaning "Aryan," i.e., "of the Iranians"), argued to descend from Proto-Indo-European *ar-yo-, meaning "skillful assembler." In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic: Ирон – Iron). | Iron is an? | {
"text": [
"other Iranian ethnic names"
],
"answer_start": [
643
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c1c738ca52cb740126347a3ed1cceea96821433b | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | Who benefited most from the Persian revolt? | {
"text": [
"Cyrus"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fe240984e240278e0abed56f2a5009fadc7a471e | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | What event was triggered by the actions of Astyages? | {
"text": [
"Persian Revolt"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a35786f22dcfe4fe29b11aaaa5644ca39d4f089b | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | What was necessary for the Media conquest? | {
"text": [
"Persian Revolt"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d3d1a6d0eaddb1bee83fa5b9a0f6ceb81731613f | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | Who was responsible for gaining Babylon? | {
"text": [
"Cyrus and his successors"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
35ca0067ad7735237abe909913f785f423a3827f | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | What made the Persian Revolt successful? | {
"text": [
"other provinces, as they allied with the Persians"
],
"answer_start": [
334
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a5c131bfce1374532d4b8aadd0b8316f0b96b703 | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | Who ruled Media after 550 BC? | {
"text": [
"Cyrus the Great"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9c80459336a26ab0f393c25fad9a3843901c7162 | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | Who was defeated when Cyrus took over the Median Empire? | {
"text": [
"Astyages"
],
"answer_start": [
298
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ce7f26bff1a3d12e374a70ce55e5613be5fae227 | Iran | In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers. | Who was responsible for gaining Egypt? | {
"text": [
"Cyrus and his successors"
],
"answer_start": [
407
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
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