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๋๊ฐ ๋ด ๊ฟ์ ๋์ธ ์ ์๋์ง ์ด๋ฆํ๋ฅผ ์ดํด๋ณด๊ณ ๋๋ก ์๋๋ฐฉ์ด ์ธ๊ฐ์์ ๋ฌด์ํ๊ธฐ๋ ํฉ๋๋ค. | You know, looking at the name tags to see who can help me with my dream, sometimes looking right through one another's humanity. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ํํ
์ ๊ฒฝ ์ธ ์๊ฐ์ ์์ด. ๋ ์ธ์์ ๊ตฌํ ์์ด๋์ด๊ฐ ์์ผ๋๊น. | I can't be bothered with you right now. I have an idea for saving the world. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ ์ฃ ? | Right? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ค๋ ์ ์ ๊ฒ๋ ์๋ฆ๋ค์ด ๋๋ฃ๊ฐ ์์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ฑฐ๋ํ ์๋ฏผ ์ฐธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์ํด ๊ธด ์ฌ์ ์ ๋ง๋ค์์ฃ . | Years ago, once upon a time, I had this beautiful company that created these long journeys for heroic civic engagement. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฐ๋ฆฐ ํญ์ ๋๋์์ต๋๋ค. "์ธ๊ฐ, ์จ์ , ๋ ๋ค" | And we had this mantra: "Human. Kind. Be Both." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์จ์ ์ ์ด์ฌํ ์ค์ฒํ๋ผ๋ฉฐ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ์ค๋ํ์ต๋๋ค. | And we encouraged people to experiment outrageously with kindness. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
'๊ฐ์ ๋ชจ๋๊ฐ ํ
ํธ ์ธ์ฐ๋ ๊ฑธ ๋์์ฃผ์ธ์.' | Like, "Go help everybody set up their tents." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ
ํธ๊ฐ ์ ๋ง ๋ง์์ฃ . | And there were a lot of tents. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
'๊ฐ์ ๋ชจ๋์๊ฒ ์์ด์คํฌ๋ฆผ์ ์ฌ์ฃผ์ธ์.' | "Go buy everybody Popsicles." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
'๋ฐํด๊ฐ ํํฌ๋ ์ด๋ค์ ๋์์ฃผ์ธ์. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ค ์ ๋
๋ฐฐ์ ์ค์ด ๋ ๊ธธ์ด์ง๋ค ํด๋์.' | "Go help people fix their flat tires even though you know the dinner line is going to get longer." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฌ๋๋ค์ ๊ทธ ๋ง์ ์ ๋ง ์ง์งํ๊ฒ ๋ฐ์๋ค์์ต๋๋ค. AIDS ๋๊ธฐ ์์ ๊ฑฐ ๋ํ์์ ๋ฐํด์ ํํฌ๊ฐ ๋ฌ๋๋ฐ ๋์์ด ํ์ํ๋๋๊ณ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ์๊พธ ๋ฌผ์ด๋ด์ ๊ณ ์น ์๊ฐ ์์ ์ ๋๋ก์. | And people really took us up on this, so much so that if you got a flat tire on the AIDS ride, you had trouble fixing it, because there were so many people there asking you if you needed help. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ ๋ฉฐ์น ๋์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์๋ง ๋ช
์ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๊ทธ๋์ ๊ฟ๊ฟ์๋ ์ธ์์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งํ ๊ทธ๋ฐ ์ธ์์ ๋ง๋ค์ด๋์ต๋๋ค. | For a few days, for tens of thousands of people, we created these worlds that everybody said were the way they wish the world could always be. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ฐ ์ธ์์ ๋ง๋๋ ์๋๋ฅผ ์์ผ๋ก ๋ฉฐ์น ๋์ ํด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋จ๊น์? | What if we experimented with creating that kind of world these next few days? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด๋ค ์ฌ๋์๊ฒ ๊ฐ์ ์ง์
์ด ๋ญ๋๊ณ ๋ฌป๋ ๋์ | And instead of going up to someone and asking them, "What do you do?" | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ฟ์ด ๋ญ๋๊ณ ๋ฌป๊ฑฐ๋ | ask them, "So what are your dreams?" | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์์ด๋ฒ๋ฆฐ ๊ฟ์ด ๋ญ๋๊ณ ๋ฌผ์ผ์ธ์. | or "What are your broken dreams?" | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์๋ก์ ๊ฟ์ ์ฑ๊ฒจ๋ผ, ์ค์ฌ์ TED๊ฐ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. | You know, "TED." Tend to Each other's Dreams. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ ๊ฟ์ '์ ์ ๋๊ณ ์ถ์ด์.'์ด๊ฑฐ๋ '์์ด์ ๋๋ฌด ์์ ์ง์ ์ง๊ณ ์ถ์ด์.'์ผ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. | Maybe it's "I want to stay sober" or "I want to build a tree house with my kid." | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ชจ๋๊ฐ ๋ง๋๊ณ ์ถ์ดํ๋ ์ฌ๋์ ์ฐพ์๊ฐ๋ ๋์ ํ๋ก ์๋ ์ด์๊ฒ ๋ค๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ์ปคํผ ํ ์ ์ด๋ ๋๊ณ ๋ฌผ์ผ์ธ์. | You know, instead of going up to the person everybody wants to meet, go up to the person who is all alone and ask them if they want to grab a cup of coffee. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋๋ ค์ ํ๋ ๊ฑด ์ง์ ํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ์ฑ์ธ ๊ธฐํ๋ฅผ ๋บ๊ธฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ฒ๊ณผ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ฟ ๊พธ๋ ค ํ์ด๋ฌ๋๋ฐ ๊ธฐํ๋ฅผ ์ป์ง ๋ชปํ ์ฑ ์ฃฝ์ ์๋ ์๋ค๋ ๊ฒ๋๋ค. | I think what we fear most is that we will be denied the opportunity to fulfill our true potential, that we are born to dream and we might die without ever having the chance. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์กด์ฌ์ ๋ํ ๊น์ ๋๋ ค์์ ์๋ก์๊ฒ์ ์์๋ด์ฃผ๊ณ ๊ทธ๋ฐ ๋๋ ค์์ ์๊ณ ์ฌ๋ ๊ฒ ์ธ๊ฐ์ด๋ ๊ฑธ ์๊ธฐ์ ์๋ก ๋๋ดํ๊ฒ ์ฌ๋ํ๋ ์ธ์์ ์์ํด ๋ณด์ธ์. | Imagine living in a world where we simply recognize that deep, existential fear in one another and love one another boldly because we know that to be human is to live with that fear. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด์ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๊ด์ ์์ ๋์์ ๊ฟ์ ๊ฟ ๋์
๋๋ค. ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ํ ์ ์๊ณ , ํด์ผ ํ๋ ๋ชจ๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ด์ํ๋ ๊ณณ์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋ ์ ์๋ ๋๋ผ์ด ๊ฒ์ ์์ญ์ด ์์ต๋๋ค. | It's time for us to dream in multiple dimensions simultaneously, and somewhere that transcends all of the wondrous things we can and will and must do lies the domain of all the unbelievable things we could be. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด์ ๊ทธ ์์ญ์ ๋ฐ์ ๋ค์ด๊ณ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์๋ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ฟ์ด ์๋ค๋ ์ฌ์ค์ ๋๋ฌ๋ผ ๋์
๋๋ค. | It's time we set foot into that dimension and came out about the fact that we have dreams there, too. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ฌ์ด ๊ฟ์ ๊ฟ ์ ์๋ค๋ฉด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ทธ ๋ฌ์ ๊ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ฐํฉ๋๋ค. | If the Moon could dream, I think that would be its dream for us. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฌ๋ฌ๋ถ ์์ ์์ ์๊ด์ด์์ต๋๋ค. ์ ๋ง ๊ฐ์ฌํฉ๋๋ค. | It's an honor to be with you. Thank you very much. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์์ ์ ํธ๋์ง์คํฐ ํ๋๊ฐ ์ฐจ์งํ๋ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ์ง๊ธ์ 10์ต ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฃ์ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. | In the space that used to house one transistor, we can now fit one billion. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ฐฉ ํ๋๋งํผ ํฌ๋ ์ปดํจํฐ๊ฐ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋์ ๋ค์ด๊ฐ ๋งํผ ์์์ก์ง์. | That made it so that a computer the size of an entire room now fits in your pocket. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ฏธ๋์ ์ธ์์ ์๋ค๊ณ ํ ์๋ ์๊ฒ ์ฃ . | You might say the future is small. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์์ง๋์ด๋ก์ ์ ๋ ์ปดํจํฐ๊ฐ ๊ธ๊ฒฉํ ์ํํ๋ ์ ์ด ์ธ์๊น์์ต๋๋ค. | As an engineer, I'm inspired by this miniaturization revolution in computers. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ด๊ณผ ์์ฌ๋ก์ ๊ธ์ฆํ๋ ์ง๋ณ์ผ๋ก ๋ชฉ์จ์ ์๋ ํ์๋ฅผ ์ค์ด๋๋ฐ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ ์ ํ์ฉํ๋ฉด ์ด๋จ๊น ์๊ฐํ์ต๋๋ค. ์. | As a physician, I wonder whether we could use it to reduce the number of lives lost due to one of the fastest-growing diseases on Earth: cancer. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ ๊ฐ ์์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ฉด ๋ค๋ค ์์ ์น๋ฃํ๋ ์ผ์ ๋งํ๋ ๊ฑธ๋ก ์์ฃ . | Now when I say that, what most people hear me say is that we're working on curing cancer. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ ๊ธด ํฉ๋๋ค. | And we are. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ์ง๋ง ์์ ์กฐ๊ธฐ์ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌํ๊ณ ์๋ฐฉํ๋ฉด ์๋ช
์ ์ด๋ฆด ๊ธฐํ๋ ์์ฒญ๋๊ฒ ๋์์ง๋๋ค. | But it turns out that there's an incredible opportunity to save lives through the early detection and prevention of cancer. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ ์ฌ๋ง์ 2/3 ์ด์์ ์์ฆ ๊ธฐ์ ๋ก๋ ์ถฉ๋ถํ ๋ง์ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. | Worldwide, over two-thirds of deaths due to cancer are fully preventable using methods that we already have in hand today. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ฐฑ์ ์ด๋ ์ ์ ๊ฒ์ง๊ฐ์ ๊ฒ๋ค์ด์ฃ . ๋ฌผ๋ก ๊ธ์ฐ๋ ํฌํจ๋๊ตฌ์. | Things like vaccination, timely screening and of course, stopping smoking. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ์ง๋ง ์ต๊ณ ์ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์จ๋ ์ด๋ค ์ข
์์ 10๋
๊ฐ ์๋ผ๋ 5์ฒ๋ง ๊ฐ์ ์์ธํฌ๋ก ๊ฐํด์ง๊ณ ๋์์ผ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌ๋ฉ๋๋ค. | But even with the best tools and technologies that we have today, some tumors can't be detected until 10 years after they've started growing, when they are 50 million cancer cells strong. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ง์ฝ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์ด๋ฐ ์น๋ช
์ ์ธ ์์ ๋ ์ผ์ฐ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌํ ์ ์๋ค๋ฉด ์ด๋จ๊น์? ์์ด ๋ฐ์ํ๊ธฐ ์์ํ๊ณ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ ๊ฑฐํ ์ ์์ ๋ ๋ง์
๋๋ค. | What if we had better technologies to detect some of these more deadly cancers sooner, when they could be removed, when they were just getting started? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ํํ ๊ธฐ์ ์ด ์ฌ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์ฌ์ฉ๋๋์ง ๋ง์๋๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. | Let me tell you about how miniaturization might get us there. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด๊ฑด ๋ณดํต ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ค์ ์๋ ํ๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์ธ๋ฐ์. ๋ณ๋ฆฌํ์๊ฐ ์๊ฒ์ด๋ ํน ํ
์คํธ๋ฅผ ์ํด์ ์กฐ์ง ํ๋ณธ์ ์ดํด๋ณผ ๋ ์ฐ์ง์. | This is a microscope in a typical lab that a pathologist would use for looking at a tissue specimen, like a biopsy or a pap smear. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋๊ตฐ๊ฐ๋ ์๋
๊ฐ ์ ๋ฌธ ์๋ จ์ ๋ฐ๊ณ 700๋ง์์ง๋ฆฌ ์ด ํ๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์ผ๋ก ์์ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์ ๊ฒ๋๋ค. | This $7,000 microscope would be used by somebody with years of specialized training to spot cancer cells. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด๊ฒ์ ๋ผ์ด์ค ๋ํ์ ์ ๋๋ฃ์ธ ๋ ๋ฒ ์นด ๋ฆฌ์ฐจ๋ ์ฝํ
์ด ๋ณด๋ด์ค ์ด๋ฏธ์ง์
๋๋ค. | This is an image from a colleague of mine at Rice University, Rebecca Richards-Kortum. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ ํ์์๋ ์ด ํ๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ์ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ถ์ํด์ ๊ด์ฌ์ ๋์ ๋ฌ๊ธฐ ์ข์ ๋ง์ ์ง๋ฆฌ ์์ ๋ถํ์ผ๋ก ๋ง๋ค์์ต๋๋ค. | What she and her team have done is miniaturize that whole microscope into this $10 part, and it fits on the end of an optical fiber. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด์ ํ์์๊ฒ์ ์ํ์ ์ฑ์ทจํด ํ๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ ธ์ค๋ ๋์ ์ ํ๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์ ํ์์๊ฒ๋ก ๊ฐ์ ธ๊ฐ ์ ์๊ฒ ๋๊ฑฐ์ฃ . | Now what that means is instead of taking a sample from a patient and sending it to the microscope, you can bring the microscope to the patient. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ๋์ ์ ์ปดํจํฐ๋ฅผ ํ๋ จ์์ผ ์ ์ ์ธํฌ์ ์์ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์๋ณด๊ฒ ํฉ๋๋ค. | And then, instead of requiring a specialist to look at the images, you can train the computer to score normal versus cancerous cells. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด ๋ถ๋ถ์ด ์ค์ํ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ์๋๋ฉด ์๊ณจ ๋ง์์์๋ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ์ฌ ์ฐจ๋์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํด ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํ๊ณ ์ํ์ ๋ชจ์ ๋ณ์ ๋ณธ๋ถ์ ๋ถ์์ ์๋ขฐํ๋ฌ ๋ณด๋ด๊ณ ๋ฉฐ์น ํ ํ์๋ ๋น์ ์์ ์ธ ๊ฒ์ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํต๋ณด๋ฐ๊ณ ๋ณ์์ผ๋ก ์ค๋ผ๋ ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฃ์ฃ . | Now this is important, because what they found working in rural communities, is that even when they have a mobile screening van that can go out into the community and perform exams and collect samples and send them to the central hospital for analysis, that days later, women get a call with an abnormal test result and they're asked to come in. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ ํ์๋ค์ ๋ฐ์ ํํธ์ด ์๋์ ๋ณ์์ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ์ง๋ ๋ชปํฉ๋๋ค. | Fully half of them don't turn up because they can't afford the trip. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์ปดํจํฐ ๋ถ์์ด ํตํฉ๋์ด ๋ ๋ฒ ์นด์ ๋๋ฃ๋ค์ ์ง๋จ๊ณผ ์น๋ฃ ์ฅ๋น๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ถ ์ฐจ๋์ ๋ง๋ค ์ ์์์ต๋๋ค. | With the integrated microscope and computer analysis, Rebecca and her colleagues have been able to create a van that has both a diagnostic setup and a treatment setup. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋์ ํ์ฅ์์ ์ง๋จํ๊ณ ์น๋ฃ๋ฅผ ํด์ ํ์ ์น๋ฃ๋ฅผ ๋์น๋ ์ฌ๋์ด ์์ฃ . | And what that means is that they can do a diagnosis and perform therapy on the spot, so no one is lost to follow up. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด๊ฒ์ ์ํํ ๊ธฐ์ ์ด ์๋ช
์ ๊ตฌํ๋ ์ฌ๋ก ์ค ํ๋์ผ ๋ฟ์
๋๋ค. | That's just one example of how miniaturization can save lives. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด๋ฒ์๋ ๊ณตํ์๋ก์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด๋ฐ ๊ฒ์ '๊ทธ๋๋ก ์ํํ'๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ฐํ์ต๋๋ค. | Now as engineers, we think of this as straight-up miniaturization. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ปค๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ์๊ฒ ๋ง๋ค์ฃ . | You took a big thing and you made it little. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ์ง๋ง ์ ๊ฐ ์์ ์ปดํจํฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋๋ก๋ ๊ฐ์ ธ๊ฐ ์ ๋๋ก ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์๊ฒ ๋ง๋ค๋ฉด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์๋ช
๋ ๊ตฌํ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋ง์๋๋ ธ์ง์. | But what I told you before about computers was that they transformed our lives when they became small enough for us to take them everywhere. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ฉด ์์ฝ์์ ์ด์ ํด๋น๋๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ญ๊น์? | So what is the transformational equivalent like that in medicine? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์, ์์ฃผ ์์ ํ์ง๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์ ๋์๋ค๋๋ค๊ฐ ์ค์ค๋ก ์ข
์์ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌํ๊ณ ์ธ๋ถ์ ์๋ ค์ฃผ๋ฉด ์ด๋จ๊น์? | Well, what if you had a detector that was so small that it could circulate in your body, find the tumor all by itself and send a signal to the outside world? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ณต์ ๊ณผํ์ฒ๋ผ ๋ค๋ฆฌ์์ฃ . | It sounds a little bit like science fiction. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ์ง๋ง ์ฌ์ค ๋๋
ธ๊ธฐ์ ๋ก ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. | But actually, nanotechnology allows us to do just that. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋๋
ธ ๊ธฐ์ ๋ก ํ์ง๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฌ๋ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ ๋๊ป๋งํผ ์ค์ด๋ฉด 100 ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก ์ด ๋๋๋ฐ ์ด๊ฑธ ์ฒ ๋ฐฐ ๋ ์ค์ด๋ฉด 100 ๋๋
ธ๋ฏธํฐ๊ฐ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. | Nanotechnology allows us to shrink the parts that make up the detector from the width of a human hair, which is 100 microns, to a thousand times smaller, which is 100 nanometers. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ฉด ์์ฒญ๋ ์ผ์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅํด์ ธ์. | And that has profound implications. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ฌผ์ง์ ๋๋
ธ ๋จ์๊ฐ ๋๋ฉด ์์ฑ์ด ๋ฐ๋๋๋ค. | It turns out that materials actually change their properties at the nanoscale. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ธ์ ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฉด ๋จผ์ง๋ก ๊ฐ์์ ๊ธ ๋๋
ธ ์
์๋ก ๋ง๋ค๋ฉด ๊ธ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ด์ง ์๊ณ ๋ถ๊ฒ ๋ณด์ด์ง์. | You take a common material like gold, and you grind it into dust, into gold nanoparticles, and it changes from looking gold to looking red. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์
๋ ํ ์นด๋๋ฎด๊ฐ์ ์ข ๋ ๋ฏ์ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ์๋ก ๋ค์ด๋ณผ๊น์. ์ด ๋ฌผ์ง์ ์๋ ํฐ ๊ฒ์ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ํ์ฑํ๋๋ฐ ๋๋
ธ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ง๋ค์ด ์ก์ฒด์ ๋ฃ์ผ๋ฉด ๋น๋๋ ๋ถ๋น์ ์ป์ ์ ์์ด์. | If you take a more exotic material like cadmium selenide -- forms a big, black crystal -- if you make nanocrystals out of this material and you put it in a liquid, and you shine light on it, they glow. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํฌ๊ธฐ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ํ๋, ์ด๋ก, ๋
ธ๋, ์ฃผํฉ, ๋นจ๊ฐ์ผ๋ก ๋ณํฉ๋๋ค. | And they glow blue, green, yellow, orange, red, depending only on their size. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ง๋ ์๋์ฃ ! ๋งคํฌ๋ก ์ธ์์์ ์ด๋ฐ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์์ํ ์ ์๋์? | It's wild! Can you imagine an object like that in the macro world? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋ด ์ท์ฅ์ ์ฒญ๋ฐ์ง๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋ ๋ฉด ์์ฌ์ธ๋ฐ๋ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ง ๋ค๋ฅด๋ฉด ์์๋ ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ ๊ฒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ๋ค๊ตฌ์. | It would be like all the denim jeans in your closet are all made of cotton, but they are different colors depending only on their size. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋์ ์์ฌ๋ก์ ์ ๋ ๋๋
ธ ๋จ์์ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ์์์ด ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ ๊ฒ ๋งํผ์ด๋ ๋ชธ ์์ ๋์๋ค๋๋ ๋ฐฉ์๋ ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง๋ค๋ ์ ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ก์์ต๋๋ค. | So as a physician, what's just as interesting to me is that it's not just the color of materials that changes at the nanoscale; the way they travel in your body also changes. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด๋ฐ ๊ด์ฐฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํด ๋ ๋์ ์ ํ์ง๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค ๊ฒ์
๋๋ค. | And this is the kind of observation that we're going to use to make a better cancer detector. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ ๊ฐ ๋ง์๋๋ฆฌ๋ ๋ด์ฉ์ ๋ณด์ฌ๋๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. | So let me show you what I mean. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด๊ฑด ๋ชธ ์์ ํ๊ด์
๋๋ค. | This is a blood vessel in the body. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ๊ด์ ์ข
์์ด ๊ฐ์ธ๊ณ ์์ง์. | Surrounding the blood vessel is a tumor. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋๋
ธ ์
์๋ฅผ ํ๊ด์ ์ฃผ์
ํ๋ฉด ํ๋ฅ๋ฅผ ํ๊ณ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์ข
์์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ๋์ง ๋ณด๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. | We're going to inject nanoparticles into the blood vessel and watch how they travel from the bloodstream into the tumor. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ข
์์ ํ๊ด์๋ ์๋ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ์๋๋ฐ ํ๋ฅ์ ์๋ ๋๋
ธ ์
์๋ ์ด ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ผ๋ก ๋น ์ ธ๋์ ์ข
์์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ๋๋ค. | Now it turns out that the blood vessels of many tumors are leaky, and so nanoparticles can leak out from the bloodstream into the tumor. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋๋
ธ์
์์ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋น ์ ธ๋์ฌ์ง ๋ง์ง ๊ฒฐ์ ๋์ฃ . | Whether they leak out depends on their size. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด ์์์์ ํ๋์์ธ 100 ๋๋
ธ๋ฏธํฐ์ง๋ฆฌ ์์ ๋๋
ธ ์
์๊ฐ ์์ด ๋์ค๊ณ ์๊ณ ๋นจ๊ฐ์์ธ 500 ๋๋
ธ๋ฏธํฐ์ง๋ฆฌ ํฐ ๋๋
ธ ์
์๋ ํ๋ฅ์ ๋จ์ ์์ง์. | So in this image, the smaller, hundred-nanometer, blue nanoparticles are leaking out, and the larger, 500-nanometer, red nanoparticles are stuck in the bloodstream. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ณตํ์์ ๋์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ ์
์๋ฅผ ์ด๋ค ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ง๋๋๋์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ชธ์ ์ด๋๋ก ๋ณด๋ผ์ง ์ ํ ์ ์๊ฒ ๋๋ผ๊ตฌ์. | So that means as an engineer, depending on how big or small I make a material, I can change where it goes in your body. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ค์์ ์ต๊ทผ์ ๋๋
ธ ์ ํ์ง๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์๋๋ฐ ์์ฃผ ์์์ ๋ชธ ์์ ๋ค๋๋ฉฐ ์ข
์์ ์ฐพ์์ค๋๋ค. | In my lab, we recently made a cancer nanodetector that is so small that it could travel into the body and look for tumors. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ข
์์ด ์ฆ์ํ๋์ง๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์งํ๋๋ก ์ค๊ณํ์ง์. ๋ค์ ๋งํด, ์ข
์์ด ์ฆ์๋ ๋ ๋ฐ์๋๋ ํํ ์ ํธ๋ค์ ์์์ฐจ๋ฆฝ๋๋ค. | We designed it to listen for tumor invasion: the orchestra of chemical signals that tumors need to make to spread. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ข
์์ด ๋ฐ์ํ ์กฐ์ง์์ ๋ฐ์ผ๋ก ์ปค์ ธ ๋์ค๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ทผ์ก์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ์ด ๋๋ ๋ถ๋ถ์ ์๊ฒ ๋ฏ์ด์ ๋์์ผ ํ๋๋ฐ ์ด ๋ ํจ์๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ ํํ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ๋ง๋ค์ด ๋
๋๋ค. | For a tumor to break out of the tissue that it's born in, it has to make chemicals called enzymes to chew through the scaffolding of tissues. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด ํจ์๊ฐ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋ง๋ ๋๋
ธ ์
์๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋์ํค๊ฒ ๋ง๋ ๊ฑฐ์ง์. | We designed these nanoparticles to be activated by these enzymes. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํจ์ ํ๋๋ก ์ด๋ฐ ํํ ๋ฐ์ ์ฒ ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ํ์ฑํํ๋๋ฐ ํ ์๊ฐ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ์ง ์์ต๋๋ค. | One enzyme can activate a thousand of these chemical reactions in an hour. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ณตํ์์๋ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ 1 ๋ 1000๋ก ๋ฐ์ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ฆํญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋๋ฐ ์ด๊ณ ๊ฐ๋ ์ฅ๋น๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. | Now in engineering, we call that one-to-a-thousand ratio a form of amplification, and it makes something ultrasensitive. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด๊ณ ๊ฐ๋ ์ ํ์ง๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์๊ตฌ์. | So we've made an ultrasensitive cancer detector. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ ๊ทธ๋ฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฐ ์ ํธ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ์ธ๋ถ๋ก ๋ณด๋ด ์ ๊ฐ ์กฐ์นํ ์ ์์๊น์? | OK, but how do I get this activated signal to the outside world, where I can act on it? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๋๋
ธ ์๋ฌผํ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์ด์ฉํ ๊ฒ๋๋ค. ์ฝฉํฅ์ ํํฐ์ฃ . | For this, we're going to use one more piece of nanoscale biology, The kidney is a filter. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
ํ์ก์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅด๊ณ ๋จ์ ์ฐ๊บผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์๋ณ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋
๋๋ค. | Its job is to filter out the blood and put waste into the urine. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฝฉํฅ์ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก ์
์๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๋ฌ๋
๋๋ค. | It turns out that what the kidney filters is also dependent on size. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด ์์์์ ๋ณด์๋ฏ์ด ํ์ก์ด ์ฝฉํฅ์ ์ง๋๋ฉด 5 ๋๋
ธ๋ฏธํฐ๋ณด๋ค ์์ ๊ฑด ๋ชจ๋ ์๋ณ์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ๊ณ ๊ทธ๋ณด๋ค ํฐ ๊ฑด ๋ชจ๋ ๋จ์ง์. | So in this image, what you can see is that everything smaller than five nanometers is going from the blood, through the kidney, into the urine, and everything else that's bigger is retained. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋๊น ์ ๊ฐ 100 ๋๋
ธ๋ฏธํฐ์ง๋ฆฌ ์ ํ์ง๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์ด ํ๊ด์ ์ฃผ์
ํ๋ฉด ํ์ง๊ธฐ๋ ์ข
์์ผ๋ก ์นจํฌํด์ ์ข
์ ํจ์์ ์ํด ํ์ฑํ๋์ด ์ฝฉํฅ์ ํต๊ณผํ ์ ๋๋ก ์์ ๋ฌผ์ง์ ๋ฐฉ์ถํ๋ ๊ฒ๋๋ค. ์ด ๋ฌผ์ง์ด ์๋ณ์ผ๋ก ๋์ค๋ฉด ์ ๋ ์ธ๋ถ์์ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ์งํ๋ฉด ๋๊ฒ ์ฃ . | OK, so if I make a 100-nanometer cancer detector, I inject it in the bloodstream, it can leak into the tumor where it's activated by tumor enzymes to release a small signal that is small enough to be filtered out of the kidney and put into the urine, I have a signal in the outside world that I can detect. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ฐ๋ฐ ํ ๊ฐ์ง ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ ์์ด์. | OK, but there's one more problem. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ด ์ ํธ ๋ฌผ์ง์ด ์์ฃผ ์์๋ฐ ์ ๊ฐ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๊ฐ์งํ์ฃ ? | This is a tiny little signal, so how do I detect it? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ ํธ๋ผ๊ณ ํด๋ด์ผ ๋ถ์ ํ๋์ผ ๋ฟ์ธ๋ฐ์. | Well, the signal is just a molecule. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ณตํ์๋ค์ด ๋ง๋ ๋ถ์์์. | They're molecules that we designed as engineers. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์์ ํฉ์ฑ ๋ฌผ์ง์ด๋ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฉ๋๋๋ก ๋ง๋ค ์ ์์ง์. | They're completely synthetic, and we can design them so they are compatible with our tool of choice. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ง๋ ๋ถ์๊ธฐ๋ผ๋ ์์ฃผ ๋ฉ์ง๊ณ ๋๋ํ ์ฅ๋น๋ฅผ ์ด๋ค๋ฉด ์ง๋์ด ๋
ํนํ ๋ถ์๋ฅผ ๋ง๋๋ ๊ฒ๋๋ค. | If we want to use a really sensitive, fancy instrument called a mass spectrometer, then we make a molecule with a unique mass. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์๋๋ฉด ๋ ์ ๋ ดํ๊ณ ํด๋ํ ๋งํ ๊ฒ๋ ์ข๊ฒ ์ง์. | Or maybe we want make something that's more inexpensive and portable. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ฉด ๋ถ์๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์ด์ ์์ ํ
์คํธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ์ ์ข
์ด๋ก ๊ฐ์งํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. | Then we make molecules that we can trap on paper, like a pregnancy test. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฌ์ค ์ง๋จ ๋ถ์ผ์ ์จ๊ฐ ์ข
๋ฅ์ ์ง๋จ์ง ํ
์คํธ๊ฐ ๋์ค๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค. | In fact, there's a whole world of paper tests that are becoming available in a field called paper diagnostics. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์, ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด๊ฑธ๋ก ๋ญ ํ ๊น์? | Alright, where are we going with this? | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ ๊ฐ ๋ค์์ ๋ง์๋๋ฆด ๊ฒ์ ์ ๊ฐ ํ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌํ๋ ค๋ ๊ฟ์ ๋ํ ๊ฒ์
๋๋ค. | What I'm going to tell you next, as a lifelong researcher, represents a dream of mine. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฝ์์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋ง์๋๋ฆด ์๋ ์๊ณ ๊ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. | I can't say that's it's a promise; it's a dream. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์์ผ๋ก ๋๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์งํฅํ ๊ฟ์ด ํ์ํฉ๋๋ค ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์ผ์ง๋ผ๋์. ์ด์ฉ๋ฉด ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์๋๊น ๋ ๊ทธ๋์ผํ์ฃ . | But I think we all have to have dreams to keep us pushing forward, even -- and maybe especially -- cancer researchers. | IWSLT2017 | null | null | null |
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