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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์˜จ์˜ ์ •๊ทœ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
of what we used to think of as the normal distribution of temperatures.
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ํฐ์ƒ‰์€ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์„ ํƒ๋œ 1951๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1980๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The white represents normal temperature days; 1951-1980 are arbitrarily chosen.
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ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์€ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์€ ๋‚ , ๋ถ‰์€์ƒ‰์€ ํ‰๊ท ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋‚ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The blue are cooler than average days, the red are warmer than average days.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 80๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ์ „์ฒด ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
But the entire curve has moved to the right in the 1980s.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด, ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๋”์šด ๋‚ ๋“ค์ด ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ
And you'll see in the lower right-hand corner the appearance of statistically significant numbers of extremely hot days.
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๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
In the 90s, the curve shifted further.
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90๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๋” ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„ ๊ฐ„์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ๋„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
And in the last 10 years, you see the extremely hot days are now more numerous than the cooler than average days.
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๋”์šด ๋‚ ๋“ค์ด ํ‰๊ท ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹œ์›ํ•œ ๋‚ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 30๋…„ ์ „์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ 150๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
In fact, they are 150 times more common on the surface of the earth than they were just 30 years ago.
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๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ ๋งŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So we're having record-breaking temperatures.
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์œ ์‚ฌ ์ด๋ž˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋”์› ๋˜ ํ•ด 15๊ฐœ ์ค‘ 14๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ 21์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Fourteen of the 15 of the hottest years ever measured with instruments The hottest of all was last year.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์ž‘๋…„์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋”์› ์ฃ . ์ง€๋‚œ ๋‹ฌ์€ 371๋‹ฌ ์—ฐ์†์œผ๋กœ
Last month was the 371st month in a row warmer than the 20th-century average.
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์•˜๋˜ ๋‹ฌ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ–ˆ๋˜ 1์›”์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋ณด๋‹ค
And for the first time, not only the warmest January, but for the first time, it was more than two degrees Fahrenheit warmer than the average.
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ํ™”์”จ 2๋„ ์ด์ƒ ๋†’์•˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์€ ๋™์‹๋ฌผ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
These higher temperatures are having an effect on animals, plants, people, ecosystems.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋†“๊ณ  ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ ์ž‰์—ฌ ์—ด์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ 93%๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๊ฐ–ํ˜€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
But on a global basis, 93 percent of all the extra heat energy is trapped in the oceans.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊นŠ์ด์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ด์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
at all depths: deep, mid-ocean, the first few hundred meters.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋˜ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And this, too, is accelerating.
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ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ง€๋‚œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It goes back more than a century.
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๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด ์ง€๋‚œ 19๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And more than half of the increase has been in the last 19 years.
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๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
This has consequences.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํญํ’์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The first order of consequence: the ocean-based storms get stronger.
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์Šˆํผ ํƒœํ’ ํ•˜์ด์–€์€ ์ƒ๋ฅ™ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํŒŒ๊ดด์ ์ธ ํƒœํ’์œผ๋กœ์จ ํƒ€ํด๋กœ๋ฐ˜์„ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ™”์”จ 5.5๋„ ๋†’์•˜๋˜ ํƒœํ‰์–‘์„ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Super Typhoon Haiyan went over areas of the Pacific five and a half degrees Fahrenheit warmer than normal before it slammed into Tacloban, as the most destructive storm ever to make landfall.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นœ ํ”„๋ž€์ฒด์Šค์ฝ” ๊ตํ™ฉ์€ ๊ทธ ์งํ›„ ํƒ€ํด๋กœ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Pope Francis, who has made such a difference to this whole issue, visited Tacloban right after that.
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์Šˆํผ ํƒœํ’ ์ƒŒ๋””๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•๊ณผ ๋‰ด์ €์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํƒ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์˜จ๋ณด๋‹ค 9๋„๋‚˜ ๋†’์•˜๋˜ ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์„ ์ง€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Superstorm Sandy went over areas of the Atlantic nine degrees warmer than normal before slamming into New York and New Jersey.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ˜„์žฌ์—๋„ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The second order of consequences are affecting all of us right now.
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๊ธฐ์˜จ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์ด ํ•˜๋Š˜๋กœ ์ฆ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The warmer oceans are evaporating much more water vapor into the skies.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ‰๊ท  ์Šต๋„๋Š” 4% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Average humidity worldwide has gone up four percent.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ฐ•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And it creates these atmospheric rivers.
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ "๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ•"์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The Brazilian scientists call them "flying rivers."
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ํญํ’์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋จธ๊ธˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์„ ๋•…์— ํผ๋ถ“๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And they funnel all of that extra water vapor over the land where storm conditions trigger these massive record-breaking downpours.
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๋ชฌํƒ€๋‚˜์—์„œ ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This is from Montana.
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์ง€๋‚œ 8์›”์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ด ํญํ’์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
Take a look at this storm last August.
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์—๋ฆฌ์กฐ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ ํˆฌ์‹ผ์„ ์ด๋™ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
As it moves over Tucson, Arizona.
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋„์‹œ์— ๋ฌผ์„ ํผ๋ถ“๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
It literally splashes off the city.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํญ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
These downpours are really unusual.
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์ง€๋‚œ 7์›” ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์ฃผ ํœด์Šคํ„ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดํ‹€๋™์•ˆ 162๊ฐค๋Ÿฐ์˜ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Last July in Houston, Texas, it rained for two days, 162 billion gallons.
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์ด๋Š” ์ดํ‹€๋™์•ˆ ๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ํญํฌ์—์„œ ์Ÿ์•„์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ๋งˆ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
That represents more than two days of the full flow of Niagara Falls in the middle of the city, which was, of course, paralyzed.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ํญ์šฐ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚จ์„ ํ™์ˆ˜์™€ ์ง„ํ™์‚ฌํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
These record downpours are creating historic floods and mudslides.
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์ž‘๋…„ ์น ๋ ˆ์—์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This one is from Chile last year.
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์ฐฝ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And you'll see that warehouse going by.
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์œ ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋– ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋„ค์š”.
There are oil tankers cars going by.
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์ง€๋‚œ 9์›” ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์ธ๋ฐ์š”, ์ž๋™์ฐจ์™€ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋ชฐ์ด ์ถ•์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
This is from Spain last September, you could call this the running of the cars and trucks, I guess.
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๋งค์ผ๋ฐค ๋‰ด์Šค๋Š” ์š”ํ•œ ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ก์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Every night on the TV news now is like a nature hike through the Book of Revelation.
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์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง์”€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I mean, really.
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๋ณดํ—˜ ์—…๊ณ„๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์†์‹ค์ด ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The insurance industry has certainly noticed, the losses have been mounting up.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They're not under any illusions about what's happening.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ์›์ธ์ด ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š”
And the causality requires a moment of discussion.
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์„ ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ์œ ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We're used to thinking of linear cause and linear effect -- one cause, one effect.
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์ผ€๋นˆ ํŠธ๋ Œ๋ฒ„์Šค๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํญํ’์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This is systemic causation. As the great Kevin Trenberth says, "All storms are different now.
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘์— ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์น˜๊ณ , ์ฆ๋ฐœ๋œ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋„ ๋„˜์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
There's so much extra energy in the atmosphere, there's so much extra water vapor.
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํญํ’์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
Every storm is different now."
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์ฆ‰, ์—ฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์—ด์€ ๋Œ€์ง€์—์„œ ํ™์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์„ ๋นผ์•˜๊ณ , ์ด ๊นŠ๊ณ  ๊ธธ๋ฉฐ, ๋” ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์„ ์„ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ง„ํ–‰์ค‘์ธ ๊ณณ๋„ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So, the same extra heat pulls the soil moisture out of the ground and causes these deeper, longer, more pervasive droughts and many of them are underway right now.
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์ดˆ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ง๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋ถ๋ฏธ์˜ ์„œ์ชฝ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It dries out the vegetation and causes more fires in the western part of North America.
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
There's certainly been evidence of that, a lot of them.
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๋ฒˆ๊ฐœ๋„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ด ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ฒˆ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์น˜๋Š” ํšŸ์ˆ˜๋„ ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
More lightning, as the heat energy builds up, there's a considerable amount of additional lightning also.
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์ด ๊ธฐํ›„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์žฌ์•™๋“ค์€ ์ง€์ •ํ•™์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
These climate-related disasters also have geopolitical consequences and create instability.
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2006๋…„ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐํ›„์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์€ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋‚ด ๋†์žฅ์˜ 60%๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์ถ•์˜ 80%๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 150๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ 150๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์ด๋ผํฌ ์ „ ํ”ผ๋‚œ๋ฏผ์ด ์žˆ๋˜ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The climate-related historic drought that started in Syria in 2006 destroyed 60 percent of the farms in Syria, killed 80 percent of the livestock, and drove 1.5 million climate refugees into the cities of Syria, where they collided with another 1.5 million refugees from the Iraq War.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๋Š” ์ง€์˜ฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ซ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And along with other factors, that opened the gates of Hell that people are trying to close now.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ์€ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ์ด๋‚˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ์‹์ˆ˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํ–‰๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The US Defense Department has long warned of consequences from the climate crisis, including refugees, food and water shortages and pandemic disease.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ด๋Œ€์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์„ธ๊ท  ์งˆํ™˜์ด ๊ณ ์œ„๋„๋กœ ์ „ํŒŒ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ์šด์†ก ํ˜๋ช…๋„ ์ด์™€ ํฐ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Right now we're seeing microbial diseases from the tropics spread to the higher latitudes; the transportation revolution has had a lot to do with this.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐํ›„๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ธ๊ท  ์งˆํ™˜์ด ํ’ํ† ๋ณ‘์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์œ„๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „์—ผ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์ง„๋“œ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งค๊ฐœ์ฒด์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
But the changing conditions change the latitudes and the areas where these microbial diseases can become endemic and change the range of the vectors, like mosquitoes and ticks that carry them.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์ง€์นด๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ถ๋ฏธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ธฐ์˜จ์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ณต ์˜๋ฃŒ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚ซ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ข‹์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The Zika epidemic now -- we're better positioned in North America because it's still a little too cool and we have a better public health system.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘๋‚จ๋ฏธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด 2๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ์ž„์‹ ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ , ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋งŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
But when women in some regions of South and Central America are advised not to get pregnant for two years -- that's something new, that ought to get our attention.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ๋‘ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์žก์ง€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๋ž€์…‹ ์ง€๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋น„์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The Lancet, one of the two greatest medical journals in the world, last summer labeled this a medical emergency now.
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๊ทธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And there are many factors because of it.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฉธ์ข… ์œ„๊ธฐ์™€๋„ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This is also connected to the extinction crisis.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 21์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…์˜ 50%๋ฅผ ์žƒ์„ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We're in danger of losing 50 percent of all the living species on earth by the end of this century.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๋•…์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” ๋™์‹๋ฌผ์€ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฃจ 15ํ”ผํŠธ ์ •๋„ ๊ทน์ง€๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And already, land-based plants and animals are now moving towards the poles at an average rate of 15 feet per day.
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๋ถ๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์ง€๋‚œ 12์›” 29์ผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ค‘์„œ๋ถ€์— ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ํ™์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ทธ ํญํ’์ด ๋ถ๊ทน์˜ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ท  ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ™”์”จ 50๋„ ์ƒ์Šน์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธธ๊ณ  ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ทน์ง€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์–ด๋‘  ์†์—์„œ๋„ ์–ผ์Œ์„ ๋…น์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Speaking of the North Pole, last December 29, the same storm that caused historic flooding in the American Midwest, raised temperatures at the North Pole 50 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than normal, causing the thawing of the North Pole in the middle of the long, dark, winter, polar night.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ๊ทน์˜ ์–ผ์Œ์ด ๋…น์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And when the land-based ice of the Arctic melts, it raises sea level.
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ํด ๋‹ˆ์ผ„์ด ์ฐ์€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์Šค๋ฐœ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Paul Nicklen's beautiful photograph from Svalbard illustrates this.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฐ๋žœ๋“œ์™€ ํŠนํžˆ ๋‚จ๊ทน์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's more dangerous coming off Greenland and particularly, Antarctica.
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๊ณตํ•ด์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ 10๊ฐœ ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„๋‚˜ ๋™๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The 10 largest risk cities for sea-level rise by population are mostly in South and Southeast Asia.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด 1์œ„๋Š” 3.5์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ด์• ๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
When you measure it by assets at risk, number one is Miami: three and a half trillion dollars at risk.
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3์œ„๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•๊ณผ ๋‰ด์™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Number three: New York and Newark.
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์ „ ์ง€๋‚œ ๊ฐ€์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋งŒ์กฐ์˜€๋˜ ์ˆ˜ํผ๋ฌธ ๋•Œ ๋งˆ์ด์• ๋ฏธ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I was in Miami last fall during the supermoon, one of the highest high-tide days.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ์ด์• ๋ฏธ ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ณผ ํฌํŠธ ๋กœ๋”๋ฐ์ผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ธ ๋ ˆ์ด์˜ ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ํ—ค์—„์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And there were fish from the ocean swimming in some of the streets of Miami Beach and Fort Lauderdale and Del Rey.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋งŒ์กฐ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And this happens regularly during the highest-tide tides now.
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๋น„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ . ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ "๋ง‘์€ ๋‚ ์˜ ํ™์ˆ˜"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Not with rain -- they call it "sunny-day flooding."
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๋น—๋ฌผ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๊ด€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It comes up through the storm sewers.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ด์• ๋ฏธ ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ •ํŒŒ์ ์ธ ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And the Mayor of Miami speaks for many when he says it is long past time this can be viewed through a partisan lens.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋‚˜๋น ์ง€๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This is a crisis that's getting worse day by day.
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์ •๋‹น ์‹ธ์›€์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We have to move beyond partisanship.
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์ด ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ํ•˜์› ์˜์›๋“ค๊ป˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ด์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๊ฐ€์„ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์–ด ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ •์น˜์  ์œ„ํ—˜๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
And I want to take a moment to honor these House Republicans -- who had the courage last fall to step out and take a political risk, by telling the truth about the climate crisis.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So the cost of the climate crisis is mounting up, there are many of these aspects I haven't even mentioned.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ํฐ ์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's an enormous burden.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๋‚œ ๋‹ฌ ๋‹ค๋ณด์Šค์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํฌ๋Ÿผ์—์„œ 750๋ช…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœํ•œ ์ž์ฒด ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I'll mention just one more, because the World Economic Forum last month in Davos, after their annual survey of 750 economists, said the climate crisis is now the number one risk to the global economy.
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์ฆ‰, ๋งˆํฌ ์นด๋„ค์ด ์˜๊ตญ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰ ์ด์žฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ณด์œ ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํƒœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
So you get central bankers like Mark Carney, the head of the UK Central Bank, saying the vast majority of the carbon reserves are unburnable.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ผ์ž„ ์‚ฌํƒœ์ฃ .
Subprime carbon.
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์„œ๋ธŒํ”„๋ผ์ž„ ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์ง€ ์‚ฌํƒœ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ๋˜‘๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I'm not going to remind you what happened with subprime mortgages, but it's the same thing.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฐ์—… ํ˜๋ช…์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํƒ„์†Œ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์–‘์ด๊ณ , ์ด๊ฑด ์ง€๋‚œ 16๋…„ ๊ฐ„ ํƒœ์šด ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
If you look at all of the carbon fuels that were burned since the beginning of the industrial revolution, this is the quantity burned in the last 16 years.
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์ด 28์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฆ๋ช… ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ฑ…์— ๋‚˜์™€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Here are all the ones that are proven and left on the books, 28 trillion dollars.
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๊ตญ์ œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋งŒํผ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The International Energy Agency says only this amount can be burned.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 22์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
So the rest, 22 trillion dollars -- unburnable.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Risk to the global economy.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฃผ์‹์„ ๋งค๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ๋ณด์ด๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋„๋•์ ์ธ ๋ช…๋ น๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
That's why divestment movement makes practical sense and is not just a moral imperative.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€?"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€
So the answer to the first question, "Must we change?"
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๋„ค, ๋ณ€ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
is yes, we have to change.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?"
Second question, "Can we change?"
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
This is the exciting news!
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16๋…„ ์ „ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์€ 2010๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ 30 ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์™€ํŠธ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ํ’๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The best projections in the world 16 years ago were that by 2010, the world would be able to install 30 gigawatts of wind capacity.
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