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Context: The committee debated the possibility of a shift function (like in ITA2), which would allow more than 64 codes to be represented by a six-bit code. In a shifted code, some character codes determine choices between options for the following character codes. It allows compact encoding, but is less reliable for data transmission as an error in transmitting the shift code typically makes a long part of the transmission unreadable. The standards committee decided against shifting, and so ASCII required at least a seven-bit code.:215, 236 § 4
Question: Why did the committee debate adding a shift function?
Answer: would allow more than 64 codes to be represented by a six-bit code
Question: What is different in a shifted code?
Answer: some character codes determine choices between options for the following character codes
Question: Why did they decide against shifting code?
Answer: less reliable for data transmission as an error in transmitting the shift code typically makes a long part of the transmission unreadable
Question: What happened after they decided agasint shifting?
Answer: ASCII required at least a seven-bit code
Question: Why did the committee debate adding a character code function?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is different in a compact code?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did they decide against deleting all the code?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened after they decided to make all employees work the same schedule?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What allows seven-bit code?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In August 2007 Virgil Griffith, a Caltech computation and neural-systems graduate student, created a searchable database that linked changes made by anonymous Wikipedia editors to companies and organizations from which the changes were made. The database cross-referenced logs of Wikipedia edits with publicly available records pertaining to the internet IP addresses edits were made from. Griffith was motivated by the edits from the United States Congress, and wanted to see if others were similarly promoting themselves. The tool was designed to detect conflict of interest edits. Among his findings were that FBI computers were used to edit the FBI article in Wikipedia. Although the edits correlated with known FBI IP addresses, there was no proof that the changes actually came from a member or employee of the FBI, only that someone who had access to their network had edited the FBI article in Wikipedia. Wikipedia spokespersons received Griffith's "WikiScanner" positively, noting that it helped prevent conflicts of interest from influencing articles as well as increasing transparency and mitigating attempts to remove or distort relevant facts.
Question: What was Virgil Griffith focused on?
Answer: computation and neural-systems
Question: What part of the government was editing its own wikipedia page?
Answer: United States Congress
Question: What was Griffith's tool designed to detect?
Answer: conflict of interest edits
Question: What did Griffith's tool help increase?
Answer: transparency
Question: How as Griffith's wikipedia scanner viewed by wikipedia?
Answer: positively
Question: What organization viewed WikiScanner negatively?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did not motivate Griffith?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the tool not designed to do?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were CIA computers used to do?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How did the FBI view WikiScanner?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Mali underwent economic reform, beginning in 1988 by signing agreements with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. During 1988 to 1996, Mali's government largely reformed public enterprises. Since the agreement, sixteen enterprises were privatized, 12 partially privatized, and 20 liquidated. In 2005, the Malian government conceded a railroad company to the Savage Corporation. Two major companies, Societé de Telecommunications du Mali (SOTELMA) and the Cotton Ginning Company (CMDT), were expected to be privatized in 2008.
Question: In what year did Mali start economic changes?
Answer: 1988
Question: Mali signed agreements with what to parties that began their economic changes?
Answer: World Bank and the International Monetary Fund
Question: In what years did Mali restructure public enterprises?
Answer: 1988 to 1996
Question: How many enterprises have been made completely private since the agreement?
Answer: sixteen enterprises
Question: How many companies were completely liquidated?
Answer: 20
Question: Whose economic reform ended in 1988?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the World Bank and international monetary fund sign with each other in 1988?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who were formed public enterprises prior to 1988?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Twenty what were privatized?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Malain government concede to the cotton gin company?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1953, Korolev was given the go-ahead to develop the R-7 Semyorka rocket, which represented a major advance from the German design. Although some of its components (notably boosters) still resembled the German G-4, the new rocket incorporated staged design, a completely new control system, and a new fuel. It was successfully tested on August 21, 1957 and became the world's first fully operational ICBM the following month. It would later be used to launch the first satellite into space, and derivatives would launch all piloted Soviet spacecraft.
Question: Who began developing the R-7 Semyorka rocket?
Answer: Korolev
Question: R-7 Semyorka rocket resembled closely to what other missile?
Answer: German G-4
Question: When was the R-7 Semyorka rocket tested successfully?
Answer: August 21, 1957
Question: The first satellite launched into space used what rocket?
Answer: R-7 Semyorka rocket |
Context: Since the 1979 Revolution, to overcome foreign embargoes, Iran has developed its own military industry, produced its own tanks, armored personnel carriers, guided missiles, submarines, military vessels, guided missile destroyer, radar systems, helicopters and fighter planes. In recent years, official announcements have highlighted the development of weapons such as the Hoot, Kowsar, Zelzal, Fateh-110, Shahab-3 and Sejjil missiles, and a variety of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The Fajr-3 (MIRV) is currently Iran's most advanced ballistic missile, it is a liquid fuel missile with an undisclosed range which was developed and produced domestically.
Question: What is Iran's most advanced missile?
Answer: The Fajr-3 (MIRV)
Question: Since when has Iran developed its domestic military infrastructure?
Answer: 1979 Revolution
Question: Why did Iran have to build its own military hardware, vehicles, and weapons after the 1979 Revolution?
Answer: foreign embargoes
Question: The Fajr-3 missile uses what type of propulsion system?
Answer: liquid fuel |
Context: The major applications of copper are in electrical wires (60%), roofing and plumbing (20%) and industrial machinery (15%). Copper is mostly used as a pure metal, but when a higher hardness is required it is combined with other elements to make an alloy (5% of total use) such as brass and bronze. A small part of copper supply is used in production of compounds for nutritional supplements and fungicides in agriculture. Machining of copper is possible, although it is usually necessary to use an alloy for intricate parts to get good machinability characteristics.
Question: What percentage of copper is used in electrical wires?
Answer: 60%
Question: What percentage of copper is used in roofing and plumbing?
Answer: 20%
Question: What percentage of copper is used in industrial machinery?
Answer: 15%
Question: What property does combining copper with brass or bronze create?
Answer: hardness
Question: What is a metal that copper is combined with to create a greater hardness?
Answer: brass
Question: What percentage of copper is used in paper wires?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of copper is forbidden in roofing and plumbing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of copper is destroyed by industrial machinery?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What property does combining copper with brass or bronze eliminate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a plant that copper is combined with to create a smoother texture?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Burke was born in Dublin, Ireland. His mother Mary née Nagle (c. 1702 – 1770) was a Roman Catholic who hailed from a déclassé County Cork family (and a cousin of Nano Nagle), whereas his father, a successful solicitor, Richard (died 1761), was a member of the Church of Ireland; it remains unclear whether this is the same Richard Burke who converted from Catholicism. The Burke dynasty descends from an Anglo-Norman knight surnamed de Burgh (latinised as de Burgo) who arrived in Ireland in 1185 following Henry II of England's 1171 invasion of Ireland.
Question: Where was Burke born?
Answer: Dublin, Ireland
Question: What was Burke's mother's maiden name?
Answer: Nagle
Question: When did Burke's mother die?
Answer: 1770
Question: When did Burke's father die?
Answer: 1761
Question: When did Burke's ancestors arrive in Ireland?
Answer: 1185
Question: What city was Mary nee Nagle born in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Richard Burke born?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the latinised form of the last name Burke?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Henry II invade England?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who converted into Catholicism?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Macao: The event was held in Macau on May 3. It was the first time that the Olympic torch had traveled to Macau. A ceremony was held at Macau Fisherman's Wharf. Afterward, the torch traveled through Macau, passing by a number of landmarks including A-Ma Temple, Macau Tower, Ponte Governador Nobre de Carvalho, Ponte de Sai Van, Macau Cultural Centre, Macau Stadium and then back to the Fisherman's Wharf for the closing ceremony. Parts of the route near Ruins of St. Paul's and Taipa was shortened due to large crowds of supporters blocking narrow streets. A total of 120 torchbearers participated in this event including casino tycoon Stanley Ho. Leong Hong Man and Leong Heng Teng were the first and last torchbearer in the relay respectively. An article published on Macao Daily News criticized that the list of the torchbearers could not fully represent the Macanese and that there were too many non-athletes among the torchbearers. (some of whom had already been torchbearers of other sporting events)
Question: When did the torch visit Macao?
Answer: May 3
Question: Where was the torch ceremony held in Macao?
Answer: Macau Fisherman's Wharf
Question: How many torchbearers participated in Macao?
Answer: 120
Question: Who was the first torchbearer in Macao?
Answer: Leong Hong Man
Question: A newspaper article criticized that there were not enough of what kind of person among the torchbearers?
Answer: athletes
Question: When was the torch relay event held in Macao?
Answer: May 3
Question: How many torchbearers carried the torch in Macao?
Answer: 120
Question: Who was the first person to carry the torch in Macao?
Answer: Leong Hong Man
Question: Which casino tycoon participated in the torch relay event?
Answer: Stanley Ho.
Question: Which publication was unhappy with the amount of non-athlete torchbearers?
Answer: Macao Daily News |
Context: The direct object of the verb appears either in the accusative (for total objects) or in the partitive (for partial objects). The accusative coincides with the genitive in the singular and with nominative in the plural. Accusative vs. partitive case opposition of the object used with transitive verbs creates a telicity contrast, just as in Finnish. This is a rough equivalent of the perfective vs. imperfective aspect opposition.
Question: What other language has a telicity contrast?
Answer: Finnish
Question: Aside from the accusative, where can the direct object of the verb be found?
Answer: partitive
Question: What is the accusative used for?
Answer: total objects
Question: What language does not have a telicity contrast?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where can the direct object of the noun be found?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why is the accusative rejected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is an example of a partial object?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does a transitive noun create?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Certain staples of classical music are often used commercially (either in advertising or in movie soundtracks). In television commercials, several passages have become clichéd, particularly the opening of Richard Strauss' Also sprach Zarathustra (made famous in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey) and the opening section "O Fortuna" of Carl Orff's Carmina Burana, often used in the horror genre; other examples include the Dies Irae from the Verdi Requiem, Edvard Grieg's In the Hall of the Mountain King from Peer Gynt, the opening bars of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, Wagner's Ride of the Valkyries from Die Walküre, Rimsky-Korsakov's Flight of the Bumblebee, and excerpts of Aaron Copland's Rodeo.
Question: How are staples of classical music often used?
Answer: commercially
Question: TV commercials using Richard Strauss' Also sprach Zarathustra have now become what?
Answer: clichéd
Question: What piece is often used in the horror genre?
Answer: "O Fortuna" of Carl Orff's Carmina Burana
Question: Who wrote Ride of the Valkyries?
Answer: Wagner
Question: Who wrote in the Hall of the Mountain King?
Answer: Edvard Grieg |
Context: Many people from Strasbourg were incorporated in the German Army against their will, and were sent to the eastern front, those young men and women were called Malgré-nous. Many tried to escape from the incorporation, join the French Resistance, or desert the Wehrmacht but many couldn't because they were running the risk of having their families sent to work or concentration camps by the Germans. Many of these men, especially those who did not answer the call immediately, were pressured to "volunteer" for service with the SS, often by direct threats on their families. This threat obliged the majority of them to remain in the German army. After the war, the few that survived were often accused of being traitors or collaborationists, because this tough situation was not known in the rest of France, and they had to face the incomprehension of many. In July 1944, 1500 malgré-nous were released from Soviet captivity and sent to Algiers, where they joined the Free French Forces. Nowadays history recognizes the suffering of those people, and museums, public discussions and memorials have been built to commemorate this terrible period of history of this part of Eastern France (Alsace and Moselle). Liberation of Strasbourg took place on 23 November 1944.
Question: What were the men and women sent to the eastern front against their will called?
Answer: Malgré-nous
Question: Who sent deserters families to concentration camps?
Answer: Germans
Question: Where were the freed soviet captives sent?
Answer: Algiers
Question: When did the liberation of Strasbourg take place?
Answer: 23 November 1944
Question: On what date was Strasbourg taken by the Germans?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year were the Free French Forces established?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Malgre-nous were forced to join the German forces?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year were the first memorials for Malgre-nous built?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Malgre-nous were able to desert the Wehrmacht?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From November 17, 1947 to December 23, 1947, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at AT&T's Bell Labs in the United States performed experiments and observed that when two gold point contacts were applied to a crystal of germanium, a signal was produced with the output power greater than the input. Solid State Physics Group leader William Shockley saw the potential in this, and over the next few months worked to greatly expand the knowledge of semiconductors. The term transistor was coined by John R. Pierce as a contraction of the term transresistance. According to Lillian Hoddeson and Vicki Daitch, authors of a biography of John Bardeen, Shockley had proposed that Bell Labs' first patent for a transistor should be based on the field-effect and that he be named as the inventor. Having unearthed Lilienfeld’s patents that went into obscurity years earlier, lawyers at Bell Labs advised against Shockley's proposal because the idea of a field-effect transistor that used an electric field as a "grid" was not new. Instead, what Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley invented in 1947 was the first point-contact transistor. In acknowledgement of this accomplishment, Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics "for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect."
Question: At what time did Bardeen and Brattain experiment on increasing signal output?
Answer: November 17, 1947 to December 23, 1947
Question: What were gold contacts attached to to increase signal output?
Answer: germanium
Question: Who was the Solid State Physics Group Leader?
Answer: William Shockley
Question: Who came up with the term transistor?
Answer: John R. Pierce
Question: Why was the term transistor used?
Answer: a contraction of the term transresistance
Question: When did lawyers at Bell Labs find Lilienfeld's patents?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who thought of the term semiconductor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many patents did Lilienfeld file?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the term transistor first used?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was the biography of John Bardeen written?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There are many Hokkien speakers among overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia as well as in the United States. Many ethnic Han Chinese emigrants to the region were Hoklo from southern Fujian, and brought the language to what is now Burma (Myanmar), Indonesia (the former Dutch East Indies) and present day Malaysia and Singapore (formerly Malaya and the British Straits Settlements). Many of the Hokkien dialects of this region are highly similar to Taiwanese and Amoy. Hokkien is reportedly the native language of up to 98.5% of the Chinese Filipino in the Philippines, among which is known locally as Lan-nang or Lán-lâng-oē ("Our people’s language"). Hokkien speakers form the largest group of Chinese in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia.[citation needed]
Question: Who brought the language Hokkien to Myanmar?
Answer: Han Chinese emigrants
Question: What is the current name for Myanmar?
Answer: Burma
Question: What is the former name for Indonesia?
Answer: Dutch East Indies
Question: What percent of Chinese Filipinos in the Philippines spoeak Hokkien?
Answer: 98.5%
Question: What is the local name for Hokkien in the Philippines?
Answer: Lan-nang or Lán-lâng-oē
Question: What is the former name of the Dutch East Indies?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the current name of Burma?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the local name for Lan-nang in the Philippines?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who form the largest group of non Chinese in Malaysia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Lan-nang mean in Singapore?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who forms the largest group of Lan-nang in Singapore?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where were many Dutch East Indies emigrants originally from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Chinese in Singapore speak Lan-nang?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What dialects are highly similar to Hoko and Lan-nang?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group brought the Amoy language to Burma, Malaysia and Singapore?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Southeast Raleigh is bounded by downtown on the west, Garner on the southwest, and rural Wake County to the southeast. The area includes areas along Rock Quarry Road, Poole Road, and New Bern Avenue. Primary neighborhoods include Chastain, Chavis Heights, Raleigh Country Club, Southgate, Kingwood Forest, Rochester Heights, Emerald Village and Biltmore Hills. Time Warner Cable Music Pavilion (formerly Alltel Pavilion and Walnut Creek Amphitheatre) is one of the region's major outdoor concert venues and is located on Rock Quarry Road. Shaw University is located in this part of the city.
Question: What is to the west of Southeast Raleigh?
Answer: downtown
Question: What areas are in Southeast Raleigh?
Answer: Rock Quarry Road, Poole Road, and New Bern Avenue
Question: What neighborhoods does Southeast Raleigh have?
Answer: Chastain, Chavis Heights, Raleigh Country Club,
Question: What concert venue is in the area?
Answer: Time Warner Cable Music Pavilion
Question: What university is in this part of Raleigh?
Answer: Shaw University
Question: What is to the north of Southeast Raleigh?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What areas are in Northeast Raleigh?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What neighborhoods does Northeast Raleigh have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What concert venue is in northwest Raleigh
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the new name for the Time Warner Cable Music Pavilion?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the past, Qutb Shahi rulers and Nizams attracted artists, architects and men of letters from different parts of the world through patronage. The resulting ethnic mix popularised cultural events such as mushairas (poetic symposia). The Qutb Shahi dynasty particularly encouraged the growth of Deccani Urdu literature leading to works such as the Deccani Masnavi and Diwan poetry, which are among the earliest available manuscripts in Urdu. Lazzat Un Nisa, a book compiled in the 15th century at Qutb Shahi courts, contains erotic paintings with diagrams for secret medicines and stimulants in the eastern form of ancient sexual arts. The reign of the Nizams saw many literary reforms and the introduction of Urdu as a language of court, administration and education. In 1824, a collection of Urdu Ghazal poetry, named Gulzar-e-Mahlaqa, authored by Mah Laqa Bai—the first female Urdu poet to produce a Diwan—was published in Hyderabad.
Question: What are mushairas?
Answer: poetic symposia
Question: Which dynasty supported the Deccani Urdu literature movement?
Answer: The Qutb Shahi dynasty
Question: When was Lazzat Un Nisa completed?
Answer: the 15th century
Question: At what location did Lazzat Un Nisa get compiled?
Answer: Qutb Shahi courts
Question: Who wrote Gulzar-e-Mahlaqa?
Answer: Mah Laqa Bai |
Context: Temporal theories offer an alternative that appeals to the temporal structure of action potentials, mostly the phase-locking and mode-locking of action potentials to frequencies in a stimulus. The precise way this temporal structure helps code for pitch at higher levels is still debated, but the processing seems to be based on an autocorrelation of action potentials in the auditory nerve. However, it has long been noted that a neural mechanism that may accomplish a delay—a necessary operation of a true autocorrelation—has not been found. At least one model shows that a temporal delay is unnecessary to produce an autocorrelation model of pitch perception, appealing to phase shifts between cochlear filters; however, earlier work has shown that certain sounds with a prominent peak in their autocorrelation function do not elicit a corresponding pitch percept, and that certain sounds without a peak in their autocorrelation function nevertheless elicit a pitch. To be a more complete model, autocorrelation must therefore apply to signals that represent the output of the cochlea, as via auditory-nerve interspike-interval histograms. Some theories of pitch perception hold that pitch has inherent octave ambiguities, and therefore is best decomposed into a pitch chroma, a periodic value around the octave, like the note names in western music—and a pitch height, which may be ambiguous, that indicates the octave the pitch is in.
Question: The precise way this temporal structure helps code for pitch at higher levels is based on what?
Answer: autocorrelation of action potentials in the auditory nerve
Question: Is a temporal delay necessary to produce an autocorrelation model of pitch perception?
Answer: unnecessary
Question: Pitch perception has inherent octave what?
Answer: ambiguities |
Context: Czech has one of the most phonemic orthographies of all European languages. Its thirty-one graphemes represent thirty sounds (in most dialects, i and y have the same sound), and it contains only one digraph: ch, which follows h in the alphabet. As a result, some of its characters have been used by phonologists to denote corresponding sounds in other languages. The characters q, w and x appear only in foreign words. The háček (ˇ) is used with certain letters to form new characters: š, ž, and č, as well as ň, ě, ř, ť, and ď (the latter five uncommon outside Czech). The last two letters are sometimes written with a comma above (ʼ, an abbreviated háček) because of their height. The character ó exists only in loanwords and onomatopoeia.
Question: What language has one of the most phonemic orthographies of all European languages?
Answer: Czech
Question: How many graphemes does Czech have?
Answer: thirty-one
Question: What have some of Czech's characters been used for by phonologists to denote?
Answer: corresponding sounds in other languages
Question: What character in Czech only exists in loanwords?
Answer: ó
Question: In Czech, what type of words do the characters "q", "w" and "x" exclusively appear in?
Answer: foreign
Question: What character is only used in other European languages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do loanwords have more than other European languages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What letters are common in loanwords?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many graphemes are there in loanwords?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many sounds are there in foreign words?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: A number of medications are being studied for multi drug resistant tuberculosis including: bedaquiline and delamanid. Bedaquiline received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in late 2012. The safety and effectiveness of these new agents are still uncertain, because they are based on the results of a relatively small studies. However, existing data suggest that patients taking bedaquiline in addition to standard TB therapy are five times more likely to die than those without the new drug, which has resulted in medical journal articles raising health policy questions about why the FDA approved the drug and whether financial ties to the company making bedaquiline influenced physicians' support for its use
Question: What drug in the running to treat multi drug resistant TB has already gotten FDA approval?
Answer: Bedaquiline
Question: What year did the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approve bedaquiline?
Answer: 2012
Question: Despite FDA approval, how much more likely to die are patients who take bedaquiline in addition to the standard TB regimen?
Answer: five times
Question: Opposition to the use of bedaquiline think what providers were influenced by a connection with the drug company?
Answer: physicians
Question: What type of publication has put out articles questioning bedaquiline's safety?
Answer: medical journal
Question: What are the names of the multi-drug resistant strains of tuberculosis?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did delamind receive FDA approval?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happens to the death rate for people taking delamind?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is delamind taken alongside of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who approved the drug delamanid?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.
Question: In what season was Lionel Richie a guest judge on American Idol?
Answer: season two
Question: Which season eight contestant was a guest judge in season fourteen?
Answer: Adam Lambert
Question: In what season was Donna Summer a guest judge on American Idol?
Answer: season three
Question: In which season was Shania Twain a guest judge on American Idol?
Answer: season six
Question: Which season of American Idol featured Katy Perry as a guest judge?
Answer: season nine
Question: Who were the guest judges in season two?
Answer: Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb
Question: When was Shania Twain a guest judge for auditions?
Answer: season eight
Question: When did Donna Summer help the contestants during the final rounds?
Answer: season three |
Context: In quantum mechanics, energy is defined in terms of the energy operator as a time derivative of the wave function. The Schrödinger equation equates the energy operator to the full energy of a particle or a system. Its results can be considered as a definition of measurement of energy in quantum mechanics. The Schrödinger equation describes the space- and time-dependence of a slowly changing (non-relativistic) wave function of quantum systems. The solution of this equation for a bound system is discrete (a set of permitted states, each characterized by an energy level) which results in the concept of quanta. In the solution of the Schrödinger equation for any oscillator (vibrator) and for electromagnetic waves in a vacuum, the resulting energy states are related to the frequency by Planck's relation: (where is Planck's constant and the frequency). In the case of an electromagnetic wave these energy states are called quanta of light or photons.
Question: In quantum mechanics, what is defined in terms of the energy operator as a time derivative of the wave function?
Answer: energy
Question: What equates the energy operator to the full energy of a particle or a system?
Answer: The Schrödinger equation
Question: What describes the space-and-time dependence of a slowly changing wave function of quantum systems?
Answer: The Schrödinger equation
Question: In quantum mechanics, what is defined in terms of the energy operator as a time derivative of the sine function?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What equates the energy operator to the partial energy of a particle or a system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What describes the space-and-time dependence of a rapidly changing wave function of quantum systems?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: what is a set of permitted states, none of which are characterized by an energy level?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In the case of an electromagnetic wave these are called quanta of light or protons
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In February 2016, West again became embroiled in controversy when he posted a tweet seemingly asserting Bill Cosby's innocence in the wake of over 50 women making allegations of sexual assault directed at Cosby.
Question: What celebrity knee-deep in controversy did Kanye endorse in a 2016 tweet?
Answer: Bill Cosby
Question: What actor was Kanye defending on Twitter in February 2016?
Answer: Bill Cosby |
Context: There exist two different spin isomers of hydrogen diatomic molecules that differ by the relative spin of their nuclei. In the orthohydrogen form, the spins of the two protons are parallel and form a triplet state with a molecular spin quantum number of 1 (1⁄2+1⁄2); in the parahydrogen form the spins are antiparallel and form a singlet with a molecular spin quantum number of 0 (1⁄2–1⁄2). At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen gas contains about 25% of the para form and 75% of the ortho form, also known as the "normal form". The equilibrium ratio of orthohydrogen to parahydrogen depends on temperature, but because the ortho form is an excited state and has a higher energy than the para form, it is unstable and cannot be purified. At very low temperatures, the equilibrium state is composed almost exclusively of the para form. The liquid and gas phase thermal properties of pure parahydrogen differ significantly from those of the normal form because of differences in rotational heat capacities, as discussed more fully in spin isomers of hydrogen. The ortho/para distinction also occurs in other hydrogen-containing molecules or functional groups, such as water and methylene, but is of little significance for their thermal properties.
Question: How many different spin isomers exist?
Answer: 2
Question: What state are the protons in when in the orthohydrogen form?
Answer: triplet state
Question: When hydrogen gas is in standard temperature and pressure, what form is it considered in>
Answer: normal
Question: What percent of para form does hydrogen gas contain?
Answer: 25%
Question: What percent of ortho form does hydrogen gas contain?
Answer: 75% |
Context: Although the PC market declined, Apple still managed to ship 2.8 million MacBooks in Q2 2012 (the majority of which are the MacBook Air) compared to 500,000 total Ultrabooks, although there were dozens of Ultrabooks from various manufacturers on the market while Apple only offered 11-inch and 13-inch models of the MacBook Air. The Air has been the best-selling ultra-portable in certain countries over Windows Ultrabooks, particularly the United States. While several Ultrabooks were able to claim individual distinctions such as being the lightest or thinnest, the Air was regarded by reviewers as the best all-around subnotebook/ultraportable in regard to "OS X experience, full keyboard, superior trackpad, Thunderbolt connector and the higher-quality, all-aluminum unibody construction". The Air was among the first to receive Intel's latest CPUs before other PC manufacturers, and OS X has gained market share on Windows in recent years. Through July 1, 2013, the MacBook Air took in 56 percent of all Ultrabook sales in the United States, although being one of the higher-priced competitors, though several Ultrabooks with better features were often more expensive than the MacBook Air. The competitive pricing of MacBooks was particularly effective when rivals charged more for seemingly equivalent Ultrabooks, as this contradicted the established "elitist aura" perception that Apple products cost more but were higher quality, which made these most expensive Ultrabooks seem exorbitant no matter how valid their higher prices were.
Question: What has been the best-selling ultra-portable over Windows Ultrabooks in the U.S.?
Answer: MacBook Air
Question: What earned the title as best all-around subnotebook/ultraportable?
Answer: MacBook Air
Question: What did the Air receive before other PC manufacturers?
Answer: Intel's latest CPUs
Question: Through 7/1/13, what percentage of all Ultrabook sales in the U.S. were MacBook Airs?
Answer: 56
Question: When was the competetive pricing of MacBooks especially effective?
Answer: when rivals charged more for seemingly equivalent Ultrabooks
Question: What has been the best-selling ultra-portable over Windows Ultrabooks in the U.K.?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What earned the title as worst all-around subnotebook/ultraportable?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Air receive before other Mac manufacturers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Through 7/1/14, what percentage of all Ultrabook sales in the U.S. were MacBook Airs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the competetive pricing of MacBooks especially ineffective?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In early February, the South Korean 11th Division ran the operation to destroy the guerrillas and their sympathizer citizens in Southern Korea. During the operation, the division and police conducted the Geochang massacre and Sancheong-Hamyang massacre. In mid-February, the PVA counterattacked with the Fourth Phase Offensive and achieved initial victory at Hoengseong. But the offensive was soon blunted by the IX Corps positions at Chipyong-ni in the center. Units of the U.S. 2nd Infantry Division and the French Battalion fought a short but desperate battle that broke the attack's momentum. The battle is sometimes known as the Gettysburg of the Korean War. The battle saw 5,600 Korean, American and French troops defeat a numerically superior Chinese force. Surrounded on all sides, the U.S. 2nd Infantry Division Warrior Division's 23rd Regimental Combat Team with an attached French Battalion was hemmed in by more than 25,000 Chinese Communist forces. United Nations forces had previously retreated in the face of large Communist forces instead of getting cut off, but this time they stood and fought at odds of roughly 15 to 1.
Question: What to be achieved by the Sancheong-Hamyang and Geochang massacres in South Korea?
Answer: destroy the guerrillas and their sympathizer citizens in Southern Korea
Question: Who's attack resulted in victory at Hoengseong?
Answer: the PVA
Question: What is considered to be the the Korean War's equivalent to Gettysburg?
Answer: the Fourth Phase Offensive
Question: What did the French Battalion's efforts do to the PVA forces?
Answer: broke the attack's momentum
Question: How many PVA soldiers fought in this battle and lost?
Answer: more than 25,000 |
Context: Windows Store apps run within a new set of APIs known as Windows Runtime, which supports programming languages such as C, C++, Visual Basic .NET, C#, along with HTML5 and JavaScript. If written in some "high-level" languages, apps written for Windows Runtime can be compatible with both Intel and ARM versions of Windows, otherwise they are not binary code compatible. Components may be compiled as Windows Runtime Components, permitting consumption by all compatible languages. To ensure stability and security, apps run within a sandboxed environment, and require permissions to access certain functionality, such as accessing the Internet or a camera.
Question: What programming languages does Windows Runtime work with?
Answer: C, C++, Visual Basic .NET, C#, along with HTML5 and JavaScript
Question: What makes Windows apps binary code compatible?
Answer: If written in some "high-level" languages
Question: What does compiling components as Windows Runtime make possible?
Answer: permitting consumption by all compatible languages
Question: What kind of environment provides Windows apps extra security?
Answer: sandboxed environment
Question: What programming languages does Windows Downtime work with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What programming languages does Windows Runtime work without?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What makes Windows apps unary code compatible?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does compiling components as Windows Runtime make impossible?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of environment provides Windows apps less security?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Conventional bleaching of wood pulp using elemental chlorine produces and releases into the environment large amounts of chlorinated organic compounds, including chlorinated dioxins. Dioxins are recognized as a persistent environmental pollutant, regulated internationally by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. Dioxins are highly toxic, and health effects on humans include reproductive, developmental, immune and hormonal problems. They are known to be carcinogenic. Over 90% of human exposure is through food, primarily meat, dairy, fish and shellfish, as dioxins accumulate in the food chain in the fatty tissue of animals.
Question: What process of papermaking is most heavily linked to the pollution?
Answer: bleaching
Question: How are humans commonly exposed to the byproducts of the bleaching process?
Answer: through food
Question: Where are dioxins stored in our animal sources of food?
Answer: fatty tissue
Question: What agency internationally regulates dioxins?
Answer: the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
Question: What does bleaching of meat release into the environment?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does bleaching of dairy release into the environment?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does bleaching of fish release into the environment?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which agency nationally regulates dioxins?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What process of papermaking is least heavily linked to the pollution?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are humans uncommonly exposed to the byproducts of the bleaching process?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are dioxins expelled in our animal sources of food?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What agency nationally regulates dioxins?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The proximity of the Palace of Westminster did not extend to providing monks or abbots with high royal connections; in social origin the Benedictines of Westminster were as modest as most of the order. The abbot remained Lord of the Manor of Westminster as a town of two to three thousand persons grew around it: as a consumer and employer on a grand scale the monastery helped fuel the town economy, and relations with the town remained unusually cordial, but no enfranchising charter was issued during the Middle Ages. The abbey built shops and dwellings on the west side, encroaching upon the sanctuary.[citation needed]
Question: What did the abbot remain as a town built around the abbey?
Answer: Lord of the Manor of Westminster
Question: What did the monastery help fuel?
Answer: the town economy
Question: What did the abbey build on the west side?
Answer: shops and dwellings
Question: What encroached upon the sanctuary?
Answer: shops and dwellings
Question: What did the abbot remain as a town built inside the abbey?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the monastery help kill?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What didn't the monastery help fuel?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the abbey build on the east side?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What never encroached upon the sanctuary?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In April 2014, FIFA banned the club from buying players for the next two transfer windows following the violation of the FIFA's rules about the transfer of footballers aged under 18. A statement on FIFA's website read "With regard to the case in question, FC Barcelona has been found to be in breach of art. 19 of the Regulations in the case of ten minor players and to have committed several other concurrent infringements in the context of other players, including under Annexe 2 of the Regulations. The Disciplinary Committee regarded the infringements as serious and decided to sanction the club with a transfer ban at both national and international level for two complete and consecutive transfer periods, together with a fine of CHF 450,000. Additionally, the club was granted a period of 90 days in which to regularise the situation of all minor players concerned." FIFA rejected an appeal in August but the pending appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport allowed Barcelona to sign players during the summer of 2014.
Question: When FIFA ban Barcelona from buying players?
Answer: April 2014
Question: What was the FIFA charge that Barcelona violated?
Answer: footballers aged under 18
Question: What fine did FIFA impose on Barcelona for the rules violation?
Answer: CHF 450,000
Question: When did FIFA reject an appeal of the rules violation ruling?
Answer: August
Question: What did the pending appeal allow Barcelona to do anyway?
Answer: sign players |
Context: Madonna was criticized for her performance of "Like a Virgin" at the first 1984 MTV Video Music Awards (VMA). She appeared on stage atop a giant wedding cake, wearing a wedding dress and white gloves. The performance is noted by MTV as an iconic moment in VMA history. In later years, Madonna commented that she was terrified of the performance. The next hit was "Material Girl" promoted by her video, a mimicry of Marilyn Monroe's performance of the song "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" from the 1953 film Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. While filming this video, Madonna started dating actor Sean Penn. They married on her birthday in 1985. Like a Virgin was certified diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America and sold more than 25 million copies worldwide. In February 1984, according to the film director Sir Richard Attenborough, Madonna auditioned at the Royale Theatre on Broadway for a dance role in his movie version of A Chorus Line using her birth-name of Ciccone, but he rejected her.
Question: Madonna was criticized for her performance of which song in the VMA?
Answer: "Like a Virgin"
Question: What was Madonna wearing during the performance of "Like A Virgin" at the VMA?
Answer: a wedding dress
Question: Her video of "Material Girl" was an imitation of which singer's song, "Diamonds are a girl's best friend?"
Answer: Marilyn Monroe
Question: When did Madonna married Sean Penn?
Answer: on her birthday in 1985
Question: When did Madonna audition for a dance role in the show "A Chorus Line?"
Answer: February 1984 |
Context: Despite the internal stability (known as the paz porfiriana), modernization, and economic growth in Mexico during the Porfiriato from 1876 to 1910, many across the state became deeply dissatisfied with the political system. When Díaz first ran for office, he committed to a strict “No Re-election” policy in which he disqualified himself to serve consecutive terms. Eventually backtracking on many of his initial political positions Díaz became a de facto dictator. Díaz became increasingly unpopular due to brutal suppression of political dissidents by using the Rurales and manipulating the elections to solidify his political machine. The working class was frustrated with the Díaz regime due to the corruption of the political system that had increased the inequality between the rich and poor. The peasants felt disenfranchised by the policies that promoted the unfair distribution of land where 95% of the land was owned by the top 5%.
Question: The internal stability was known as what?
Answer: paz porfiriana
Question: During what years did the economic growth occur?
Answer: 1876 to 1910
Question: Who committed to a strict "No Re-election" policy when running for office?
Answer: Díaz
Question: Which class was frustrated with Diaz due to corruption?
Answer: working class |
Context: The Cubs successfully defended their National League Central title in 2008, going to the postseason in consecutive years for the first time since 1906–08. The offseason was dominated by three months of unsuccessful trade talks with the Orioles involving 2B Brian Roberts, as well as the signing of Chunichi Dragons star Kosuke Fukudome. The team recorded their 10,000th win in April, while establishing an early division lead. Reed Johnson and Jim Edmonds were added early on and Rich Harden was acquired from the Oakland Athletics in early July. The Cubs headed into the All-Star break with the N.L.'s best record, and tied the league record with eight representatives to the All-Star game, including catcher Geovany Soto, who was named Rookie of the Year. The Cubs took control of the division by sweeping a four-game series in Milwaukee. On September 14, in a game moved to Miller Park due to Hurricane Ike, Zambrano pitched a no-hitter against the Astros, and six days later the team clinched by beating St. Louis at Wrigley. The club ended the season with a 97–64 record and met Los Angeles in the NLDS. The heavily favored Cubs took an early lead in Game 1, but James Loney's grand slam off Ryan Dempster changed the series' momentum. Chicago committed numerous critical errors and were outscored 20–6 in a Dodger sweep, which provided yet another sudden ending.
Question: What Chunichi Dragons start was signed to the Cubs in 2008?
Answer: Kosuke Fukudome
Question: Who was acquired from the Oakland Athletics in early July?
Answer: Rich Harden
Question: Who was named Rookie of the Year in 2008?
Answer: Geovany Soto
Question: Who pitched a no-hitter against the Astros on Spetember 14th?
Answer: Zambrano |
Context: The term "Kievan Rus'" (Ки́евская Русь Kievskaya Rus’) was coined in the 19th century in Russian historiography to refer to the period when the centre was in Kiev. In English, the term was introduced in the early 20th century, when it was found in the 1913 English translation of Vasily Klyuchevsky's A History of Russia, to distinguish the early polity from successor states, which were also named Rus. Later, the Russian term was rendered into Belarusian and Ukrainian as Кіеўская Русь Kijeŭskaja Rus’ and Ки́ївська Русь Kyivs'ka Rus’, respectively.
Question: When was the term Kievan Rus first coined?
Answer: 19th century
Question: When did the term Kievan Rus first appear in English?
Answer: 1913
Question: Who first translated the term Kievan Rus into english from russian?
Answer: Vasily Klyuchevsky
Question: What was invented in the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the term Kievan Rus first appear in Russia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who first wrote the term Kievan Rus into english from russian?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of cities were also known as Rus?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: When Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997 following the company's purchase of NeXT, he ordered that the OS that had been previewed as version 7.7 be branded Mac OS 8 (in place of the never-to-appear Copland OS). Since Apple had licensed only System 7 to third parties, this move effectively ended the clone line. The decision caused significant financial losses for companies like Motorola, who produced the StarMax; Umax, who produced the SuperMac; and Power Computing, who offered several lines of Mac clones, including the PowerWave, PowerTower, and PowerTower Pro. These companies had invested substantial resources in creating their own Mac-compatible hardware. Apple bought out Power Computing's license, but allowed Umax to continue selling Mac clones until their license expired, as they had a sizeable presence in the lower-end segment that Apple did not. In September 1997 Apple extended Umax' license allowing them to sell clones with Mac OS 8, the only clone maker to do so, but with the restriction that they only sell low-end systems. Without the higher profit margins of high-end systems, however, Umax judged this would not be profitable and exited the Mac clone market in May 1998, having lost USD$36 million on the program.
Question: Who returned to Apple in 1997?
Answer: Steve Jobs
Question: What did Steve Jobs order the OS version 7.7 to be branded as?
Answer: Mac OS 8
Question: What did the branding of the Mac OS 8 effectively end?
Answer: the clone line
Question: What effect did Mac's decision to brand the Mac OS8 have on companies such as Motorola?
Answer: significant financial losses
Question: How much money did Umax lose when it exited the low-end Mac clone market?
Answer: USD$36 million
Question: Who returned to Apple in 1990?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Steve Jobs order the OS version 7.8 to be branded as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the branding of the Mac OS 7 effectively end?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What effect did Mac's decision to brand the Mac OS7 have on companies such as Motorola?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much money did Umax lose when it exited the high-end Mac clone market?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Queen began their 1980s career with The Game. It featured the singles "Crazy Little Thing Called Love" and "Another One Bites the Dust", both of which reached number one in the US. After attending a Queen concert in Los Angeles, Michael Jackson suggested to Mercury backstage that "Another One Bites the Dust" be released as a single, and in October 1980 it spent three weeks at number one. The album topped the Billboard 200 for five weeks, and sold over four million copies in the US. It was also the first appearance of a synthesiser on a Queen album. Heretofore, their albums featured a distinctive "No Synthesisers!" sleeve note. The note is widely assumed to reflect an anti-synth, pro-"hard"-rock stance by the band, but was later revealed by producer Roy Thomas Baker to be an attempt to clarify that those albums' multi-layered solos were created with guitars, not synths, as record company executives kept assuming at the time. In September 1980, Queen performed three sold-out shows at Madison Square Garden. In 1980, Queen also released the soundtrack they had recorded for Flash Gordon. At the 1981 American Music Awards in January, "Another One Bites the Dust" won the award for Favorite Pop/Rock Single, and Queen were nominated for Favorite Pop/Rock Band, Duo, or Group.
Question: Queen performed several sold out shows at what US venue?
Answer: Madison Square Garden
Question: Queen recorded the soundtrack to what show?
Answer: Flash Gordon
Question: What Queen song won the award for best Pop/Rock single?
Answer: Another One Bites the Dust
Question: Which musical artist suggested Queen release Another One Bites the Dust as a single?
Answer: Michael Jackson
Question: Which Queen album kicked off the 1980s?
Answer: The Game |
Context: Institute of technology (also: university of technology, polytechnic university, technikon, and technical college) is a designation employed for a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable levels of the educational system. It may be an institution of higher education and advanced engineering and scientific research or professional vocational education, specializing in science, engineering, and technology or different sorts of technical subjects. It may also refer to a secondary education school focused in vocational training.[citation needed] The term institute of technology is often abbreviated IT and is not to be confused with information technology.
Question: What's a common abbreviation for the term institute of technology?
Answer: IT |
Context: The most important crop in Tibet is barley, and dough made from barley flour—called tsampa—is the staple food of Tibet. This is either rolled into noodles or made into steamed dumplings called momos. Meat dishes are likely to be yak, goat, or mutton, often dried, or cooked into a spicy stew with potatoes. Mustard seed is cultivated in Tibet, and therefore features heavily in its cuisine. Yak yogurt, butter and cheese are frequently eaten, and well-prepared yogurt is considered something of a prestige item. Butter tea is very popular to drink.
Question: What is the most important crop in Tibet?
Answer: barley
Question: What is dough made from barley flour called?
Answer: tsampa
Question: What are steamed dumplings called?
Answer: momos
Question: What is a popular drink in Tibet?
Answer: Butter tea
Question: What seed is cultivated in Tibet?
Answer: Mustard
Question: What are meat dumplings called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are barley doughs called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is potato seed heavily cultivated?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The fast-growing I-4 corridor area, which runs through Central Florida and connects the cities of Daytona Beach, Orlando, and Tampa/St. Petersburg, has had a fairly even breakdown of Republican and Democratic voters. The area is often seen as a merging point of the conservative northern portion of the state and the liberal southern portion, making it the biggest swing area in the state. Since the late 20th century, the voting results in this area, containing 40% of Florida voters, has often determined who will win the state of Florida in presidential elections.
Question: What is the make up politically of florida's fastest growing area
Answer: Daytona Beach, Orlando, and Tampa/St. Petersburg, has had a fairly even breakdown of Republican and Democratic voters
Question: The area is viewed as what politically
Answer: The area is often seen as a merging point of the conservative northern portion of the state and the liberal southern portion
Question: The vote in this area since the late 20th century decides what
Answer: the voting results in this area, containing 40% of Florida voters, has often determined who will win the state of Florida in presidential elections
Question: What is the slowest growing corridor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the I-5 corridor run through?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What party dominates I-4 corridor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What breakdown is fairly uneven?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has happened since the late 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On September 23, 1908, the Cubs and New York Giants were involved in a tight pennant race. The two clubs were tied in the bottom of the ninth inning at the Polo Grounds, and N.Y. had runners on first and third and two outs when Al Bridwell singled, scoring Moose McCormick from third with the Giants' apparent winning run, but the runner on first base, rookie Fred Merkle, left the field without touching second base. As fans swarmed the field, Cub infielder Johnny Evers retrieved the ball and touched second. Since there were two outs, a forceout was called at second base, ending the inning and the game. Because of the tie the Giants and Cubs ended up tied for first place. The Giants lost the ensuing one-game playoff and the Cubs went on to the World Series.
Question: When were the Cubs and New York Giants involved in a tight pennant race?
Answer: September 23, 1908
Question: Who were the Cubs involved with for a tight pennant race on September 23, 1908?
Answer: New York Giants
Question: Who was the runner on first base?
Answer: Fred Merkle |
Context: This age saw the Greeks move towards larger cities and a reduction in the importance of the city-state. These larger cities were parts of the still larger Kingdoms of the Diadochi. Greeks, however, remained aware of their past, chiefly through the study of the works of Homer and the classical authors. An important factor in maintaining Greek identity was contact with barbarian (non-Greek) peoples, which was deepened in the new cosmopolitan environment of the multi-ethnic Hellenistic kingdoms. This led to a strong desire among Greeks to organize the transmission of the Hellenic paideia to the next generation. Greek science, technology and mathematics are generally considered to have reached their peak during the Hellenistic period.
Question: With the secession away from the smaller communities in the Grecian world, what living situation became of great importance ?
Answer: the Greeks move towards larger cities and a reduction in the importance of the city-state.
Question: The kingdoms of Diadochi was comprised of what ?
Answer: larger cities were parts of the still larger Kingdoms of the Diadochi.
Question: How did the cites remind themselves of their beginnings ?
Answer: Greeks, however, remained aware of their past, chiefly through the study of the works of Homer and the classical authors.
Question: What did the Greeks wants to be imparted to their descendants ?
Answer: the transmission of the Hellenic paideia to the next generation.
Question: What academia was heightened during this time of Hellenism ?
Answer: Greek science, technology and mathematics are generally considered to have reached their peak during the Hellenistic period.
Question: With the secession away from the smaller communities in the Grecian world, what living situation wasn't of great importance?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The kingdoms of Diadochi wasn't comprised of what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How did the cites remind themselves of their end?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Greeks not want to be imparted to their descendants?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What academia wasn't heightened during this time of Hellenism?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Immediately after the War The Saint-Germain-des-Pres quarter and the nearby Saint-Michel quarter became home to many small jazz clubs, mostly found in cellars because of a lack of space; these included the Caveau des Lorientais, the Club Saint-Germain, the Rose Rouge, the Vieux-Colombier, and the most famous, Le Tabou. They introduced Parisians to the music of Claude Luter, Boris Vian, Sydney Bechet Mezz Mezzrow, and Henri Salvador. Most of the clubs closed by the early 1960s, as musical tastes shifted toward rock and roll.
Question: When did most of the jazz clubs close down?
Answer: 1960s
Question: Why did the jazz clubs close down?
Answer: musical tastes shifted toward rock and roll
Question: Where were most jazz clubs located?
Answer: cellars |
Context: The discipline of plant ecology was pioneered in the late 19th century by botanists such as Eugenius Warming, who produced the hypothesis that plants form communities, and his mentor and successor Christen C. Raunkiær whose system for describing plant life forms is still in use today. The concept that the composition of plant communities such as temperate broadleaf forest changes by a process of ecological succession was developed by Henry Chandler Cowles, Arthur Tansley and Frederic Clements. Clements is credited with the idea of climax vegetation as the most complex vegetation that an environment can support and Tansley introduced the concept of ecosystems to biology. Building on the extensive earlier work of Alphonse de Candolle, Nikolai Vavilov (1887–1943) produced accounts of the biogeography, centres of origin, and evolutionary history of economic plants.
Question: What did Warming believe that plants can do?
Answer: form communities
Question: What is the term for the most complex plant life in a specific environment?
Answer: climax vegetation
Question: Who created the concept of ecosystems?
Answer: Arthur Tansley
Question: Whose earlier work did Nicholas Vavilov build upon?
Answer: Alphonse de Candolle
Question: What history did Vavilov write about?
Answer: history of economic plants |
Context: The Cubs began play as the Chicago White Stockings, joining the National League (NL) as a charter member. Owner William Hulbert signed multiple star players, such as pitcher Albert Spalding and infielders Ross Barnes, Deacon White, and Adrian "Cap" Anson, to join the team prior to the N.L.'s first season. The White Stockings played their home games at West Side Grounds,against the bloods and quickly established themselves as one of the new league's top teams. Spalding won forty-seven games and Barnes led the league in hitting at .429 as Chicago won the first ever National League pennant, which at the time was the game's top prize.
Question: Who did the Cubs began play as?
Answer: the Chicago White Stockings
Question: When the Cubs started playing, who was their owner?
Answer: William Hulbert
Question: Where did the White Stockings play their home games?
Answer: West Side Grounds |
Context: Temporal measurement, chronometry, takes two distinct period forms: the calendar, a mathematical tool for organizing intervals of time, and the clock, a physical mechanism that counts the passage of time. In day-to-day life, the clock is consulted for periods less than a day whereas the calendar is consulted for periods longer than a day. Increasingly, personal electronic devices display both calendars and clocks simultaneously. The number (as on a clock dial or calendar) that marks the occurrence of a specified event as to hour or date is obtained by counting from a fiducial epoch—a central reference point.
Question: What is a mathematical tool used for organizing intervals of time?
Answer: the calendar
Question: What is a physical tool that tracks the passage of time?
Answer: the clock
Question: Which tool is used in day to day life?
Answer: the clock
Question: Which tool is used in periods longer than a day?
Answer: the calendar
Question: How is the number that marks the occurrence of an event obtained?
Answer: by counting from a fiducial epoch—a central reference point
Question: For how long does chronometry usually display a reference point?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do fiducial epochs display at the same time?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What physical mechanism is used to count periods longer than a day?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What organizational mathmatical tool is used for a time period of less than a day?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do people usually carry with them at all times?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a mathematical tool used for organizing intervals on clocks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a physical tool that tracks the passage of points?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which tool is used in periods longer than an interval?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is the number that marks the occurrence of an interval obtained?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What takes three distinct period forms?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Because of the above issues, Nigeria's political parties are pan-national and secular in character (though this does not preclude the continuing preeminence of the dominant ethnicities). The major political parties at that time included the then ruling People's Democratic Party of Nigeria, which maintains 223 seats in the House and 76 in the Senate (61.9% and 69.7% respectively); the opposition formerly All Nigeria People's Party now All Progressives Congress has 96 House seats and 27 in the Senate (26.6% and 24.7%). About twenty minor opposition parties are registered.
Question: How many seats does the People's Democratic Party of Nigeria have in the House?
Answer: 223
Question: How many seats does the People's Democratic Party of Nigeria have in the Senate?
Answer: 76
Question: How many seats does the All Progressives Congress have in the House?
Answer: 96
Question: How many seats does the All Progressives Congress have in the Senate?
Answer: 27
Question: How many minor opposition parties does Nigeria have?
Answer: About twenty |
Context: Clock shifts are usually scheduled near a weekend midnight to lessen disruption to weekday schedules. A one-hour shift is customary, but Australia's Lord Howe Island uses a half-hour shift. Twenty-minute and two-hour shifts have been used in the past.
Question: During what part of the week is the time change most often scheduled?
Answer: weekend
Question: What do we avoid disrupting by doing the time shift during days most people don't work?
Answer: weekday schedules |
Context: After back-to-back pennants in 1880 and 1881, Hulbert died, and Spalding, who had retired to start Spalding sporting goods, assumed ownership of the club. The White Stockings, with Anson acting as player/manager, captured their third consecutive pennant in 1882, and Anson established himself as the game's first true superstar. In 1885 and '86, after winning N.L. pennants, the White Stockings met the short-lived American Association champion in that era's version of a World Series. Both seasons resulted in match ups with the St. Louis Brown Stockings, with the clubs tying in 1885 and with St. Louis winning in 1886. This was the genesis of what would eventually become one of the greatest rivalries in sports. In all, the Anson-led Chicago Base Ball Club won six National League pennants between 1876 and 1886. As a result, Chicago's club nickname transitioned, and by 1890 they had become known as the Chicago Colts, or sometimes "Anson's Colts", referring to Cap's influence within the club. Anson was the first player in history credited with collecting 3,000 career hits. After a disappointing record of 59-73 and a 9th-place finish in 1897, Anson was released by the Cubs as both a player and manager. Due to Anson's absence from the club after 22 years, local newspaper reporters started to refer to the Cubs as the "Orphans".
Question: Who assumed ownership of the Cubs after Hulbert died?
Answer: Spalding
Question: What year did the White Stockings capture their third consecutive pennant?
Answer: 1882
Question: While Anson led the Chicago cubs how many National League pennants did they win?
Answer: six
Question: What did the Chicago Cubs become know as by 1890?
Answer: Chicago Colts
Question: Who was the first player in history credited with collecting 3,000 career hits?
Answer: Anson |
Context: Belief is a fundamental aspect of morality in the Quran, and scholars have tried to determine the semantic contents of "belief" and "believer" in the Quran. The ethico-legal concepts and exhortations dealing with righteous conduct are linked to a profound awareness of God, thereby emphasizing the importance of faith, accountability, and the belief in each human's ultimate encounter with God. People are invited to perform acts of charity, especially for the needy. Believers who "spend of their wealth by night and by day, in secret and in public" are promised that they "shall have their reward with their Lord; on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve". It also affirms family life by legislating on matters of marriage, divorce, and inheritance. A number of practices, such as usury and gambling, are prohibited. The Quran is one of the fundamental sources of Islamic law (sharia). Some formal religious practices receive significant attention in the Quran including the formal prayers (salat) and fasting in the month of Ramadan. As for the manner in which the prayer is to be conducted, the Quran refers to prostration. The term for charity, zakat, literally means purification. Charity, according to the Quran, is a means of self-purification.
Question: What mental state is the foundation of morality as described by the Quran?
Answer: Belief
Question: What finance-related acts are forbidden by the Quran?
Answer: usury and gambling
Question: What is the name of the formal prayer proscribed by the Quran?
Answer: salat
Question: Which month is designated for fasting in the Quran?
Answer: Ramadan
Question: The Quran uses a term that also means purification for what social act?
Answer: charity
Question: What physical state is the foundation of morality as described by the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What finance-unrelated acts are forbidden by the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the informal prayer proscribed by the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which month is no longer designated for fasting in the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Quran uses a term that also means impurification for what social act?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Avialans diversified into a wide variety of forms during the Cretaceous Period. Many groups retained primitive characteristics, such as clawed wings and teeth, though the latter were lost independently in a number of avialan groups, including modern birds (Aves). While the earliest forms, such as Archaeopteryx and Jeholornis, retained the long bony tails of their ancestors, the tails of more advanced avialans were shortened with the advent of the pygostyle bone in the group Pygostylia. In the late Cretaceous, around 95 million years ago, the ancestor of all modern birds also evolved a better sense of smell.
Question: During which time period did avialans diversify into a wide variety of forms?
Answer: Cretaceous Period
Question: Which forms retained the long bony tails of their ancestors?
Answer: Archaeopteryx and Jeholornis
Question: When did the ancestor of all modern birds evolve a better sense of smell?
Answer: late Cretaceous
Question: How long ago was the late Cretaceous period?
Answer: around 95 million years ago |
Context: The term Ashkenazi also refers to the nusach Ashkenaz (Hebrew, "liturgical tradition", or rite) used by Ashkenazi Jews in their Siddur (prayer book). A nusach is defined by a liturgical tradition's choice of prayers, order of prayers, text of prayers and melodies used in the singing of prayers. Two other major forms of nusach among Ashkenazic Jews are Nusach Sefard (not to be confused with the Sephardic ritual), which is the general Polish Hasidic nusach, and Nusach Ari, as used by Lubavitch Hasidim.
Question: What is the Siddur?
Answer: prayer book
Question: The term Ashkenazi also refers to what?
Answer: the nusach Ashkenaz
Question: The nusach Ashkenaz refers to what in Hebrew?
Answer: "liturgical tradition", or rite
Question: Two other major forms of nusach among Ashkenazic Jews are what?
Answer: Nusach Sefard (not to be confused with the Sephardic ritual), which is the general Polish Hasidic nusach, and Nusach Ari
Question: Nusach Ari is used by whom?
Answer: Lubavitch Hasidim |
Context: By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and spillages (known as "spit and sawdust"), hard bench seats, and cheap beer[citation needed]. This bar was known as the four-ale bar from the days when the cheapest beer served there cost 4 pence (4d) a quart.[citation needed]
Question: What socioeconomic class was associated with the lounge bar in the 20th century?
Answer: middle-class
Question: What economic class was most likely to be found in the tap room?
Answer: working class
Question: In pence, what did the cheapest beer cost in the four-ale bar?
Answer: 4
Question: What was the tap room sawdust meant to absorb spills and spit called?
Answer: spit and sawdust
Question: What is another name for the lounge bar?
Answer: saloon |
Context: The junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, Paul Tsongas, announced in 1984 that he would be stepping down for health reasons. Kerry ran, and as in his 1982 race for Lieutenant Governor, he did not receive the endorsement of the party regulars at the state Democratic convention. Congressman James Shannon, a favorite of House Speaker Tip O'Neill, was the early favorite to win the nomination, and he "won broad establishment support and led in early polling." Again as in 1982, however, Kerry prevailed in a close primary.
Question: What was Paul Tsongas's job in 1984?
Answer: junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts
Question: When did Kerry run for Senate?
Answer: 1984
Question: When did Kerry run for Lt Governor?
Answer: 1982
Question: What was James Shannon's job?
Answer: Congressman
Question: What was Tip O'Neill's job?
Answer: House Speaker |
Context: Nirvana (Sanskrit; Pali: "Nibbāna") means "cessation", "extinction" (of craving and ignorance and therefore suffering and the cycle of involuntary rebirths (saṃsāra)), "extinguished", "quieted", "calmed"; it is also known as "Awakening" or "Enlightenment" in the West. The term for anybody who has achieved nirvana, including the Buddha, is arahant.
Question: What term means cessation?
Answer: Nirvana
Question: What term means awakening?
Answer: nirvana
Question: What is the term for someone who has achieved nirvana?
Answer: arahant |
Context: On September 30, 1989, thousands of Belorussians, denouncing local leaders, marched through Minsk to demand additional cleanup of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster site in Ukraine. Up to 15,000 protesters wearing armbands bearing radioactivity symbols and carrying the banned red-and-white Belorussian national flag filed through torrential rain in defiance of a ban by local authorities. Later, they gathered in the city center near the government's headquarters, where speakers demanded resignation of Yefrem Sokolov, the republic's Communist Party leader, and called for the evacuation of half a million people from the contaminated zones.
Question: What did the Belorussians wish to be cleaned up?
Answer: Chernobyl disaster site
Question: Where did the Chernobyl Disaster occur?
Answer: Ukraine
Question: When did the Chernobyl disaster happen?
Answer: 1986
Question: What symbol did the protesters wear on their arms?
Answer: radioactivity symbols
Question: How was the weather during the protest?
Answer: torrential rain |
Context: The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), headed by the Commander of the Royal Canadian Navy, includes 33 warships and submarines deployed in two fleets: Maritime Forces Pacific (MARPAC) at CFB Esquimalt on the west coast, and Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT) at Her Majesty's Canadian Dockyard in Halifax on the east coast, as well as one formation: the Naval Reserve Headquarters (NAVRESHQ) at Quebec City, Quebec. The fleet is augmented by various aircraft and supply vessels. The RCN participates in NATO exercises and operations, and ships are deployed all over the world in support of multinational deployments.
Question: How many warships does the Royal Canadian Navy have?
Answer: 33
Question: Where are the Maritime Forces Atlantic located?
Answer: Halifax
Question: What formation is located in Quebec?
Answer: the Naval Reserve Headquarters (NAVRESHQ)
Question: What international exercises does the RCN partake in?
Answer: NATO exercises
Question: How many warships does the Non-Canadian Navy have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are the Maritime Forces Pacific located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What formation is located in Ottawa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What international exercises does the RNN partake in?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Dominic became the spiritual father to several Albigensian women he had reconciled to the faith, and in 1206 he established them in a convent in Prouille. This convent would become the foundation of the Dominican nuns, thus making the Dominican nuns older than the Dominican friars. Prior Diego sanctioned the building of a monastery for girls whose parents had sent them to the care of the Albigensians because their families were too poor to fulfill their basic needs. The monastery was at Prouille would later become Dominic's headquarters for his missionary effort there. After two years on the mission field, Prior Diego died while traveling back to Spain. When his preaching companions heard of his death, all save Dominic and a very small number of others returned to their homes.
Question: In what year did Dominic establish a convent?
Answer: 1206
Question: What women did Dominic convert for his convent?
Answer: Albigensian
Question: What group are older than the Dominican Friars?
Answer: Dominican nuns
Question: Why did families send their girls to Diego's monastery?
Answer: too poor
Question: How long after his mission did Prior Diego die?
Answer: two years
Question: Who became the spiritual father of several Albigensian women?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Dominic establish in 1306?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What would become a foundation of the Benedictine nuns?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What later became the Benedictine headquarters for Dominic's missionary effort?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did families not send their girls to Diego's monastery?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Historians trace the earliest Baptist church back to 1609 in Amsterdam, with John Smyth as its pastor. Three years earlier, while a Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, he had broken his ties with the Church of England. Reared in the Church of England, he became "Puritan, English Separatist, and then a Baptist Separatist," and ended his days working with the Mennonites. He began meeting in England with 60–70 English Separatists, in the face of "great danger." The persecution of religious nonconformists in England led Smyth to go into exile in Amsterdam with fellow Separatists from the congregation he had gathered in Lincolnshire, separate from the established church (Anglican). Smyth and his lay supporter, Thomas Helwys, together with those they led, broke with the other English exiles because Smyth and Helwys were convinced they should be baptized as believers. In 1609 Smyth first baptized himself and then baptized the others.
Question: Historians trace the earliest Baptist church back to when?
Answer: 1609
Question: Historians trace the earliest Baptist church back to where?
Answer: Amsterdam
Question: Who was the pastor of the earliest Baptist church?
Answer: John Smyth
Question: John Smyth broke his ties with what church?
Answer: Church of England
Question: Where did John Smyth go into exile?
Answer: Amsterdam
Question: Who was the pastor of the earliest Christian church?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was the first Christian church with John Smyth as the pastor located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Smyth baptize himself for the second time?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did John Smyth retire?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Historians trace the oldest Protestant church to where?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: VRS services have become well developed nationally in Sweden since 1997 and also in the United States since the first decade of the 2000s. With the exception of Sweden, VRS has been provided in Europe for only a few years since the mid-2000s, and as of 2010 has not been made available in many European Union countries, with most European countries still lacking the legislation or the financing for large-scale VRS services, and to provide the necessary telecommunication equipment to deaf users. Germany and the Nordic countries are among the other leaders in Europe, while the United States is another world leader in the provisioning of VRS services.
Question: In what European country has VRS services become well developed?
Answer: Sweden
Question: What is one of the reasons why VRS services are not in most European countries?
Answer: financing
Question: What European country is a leader in providing VRS services to its citizens?
Answer: Germany
Question: What country is a world leader in providing VRS services?
Answer: United States
Question: What has become developed in Germany since 1997?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has the European Union become a world leader in providing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why are VRS services not in the United States?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: For how long has Germany offered VRS services since the 2000's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where has legislation and financing become well developed in Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Calculating that no further Russian advance was likely until 1758, Frederick moved the bulk of his eastern forces to Pomerania under the command of Marshal Lehwaldt where they were to repel the Swedish invasion. In short order, the Prussian army drove the Swedes back, occupied most of Swedish Pomerania, and blockaded its capital Stralsund. George II of Great Britain, on the advice of his British ministers, revoked the Convention of Klosterzeven, and Hanover reentered the war. Over the winter the new commander of the Hanoverian forces, Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick, regrouped his army and launched a series of offensives that drove the French back across the River Rhine. The British had suffered further defeats in North America, particularly at Fort William Henry. At home, however, stability had been established. Since 1756, successive governments led by Newcastle and Pitt had fallen. In August 1757, the two men agreed to a political partnership and formed a coalition government that gave new, firmer direction to the war effort. The new strategy emphasised both Newcastle's commitment to British involvement on the Continent, particularly in defence of Germany, and William Pitt's determination to use naval power to seize French colonies around the globe. This "dual strategy" would dominate British policy for the next five years.
Question: Why did Ferdinand feel comfortable withdrawing troops from the eastern front?
Answer: Calculating that no further Russian advance was likely until 1758
Question: What was the result of Prussian resistance to Sweden?
Answer: the Prussian army drove the Swedes back, occupied most of Swedish Pomerania
Question: What area of Sweden was occupied by Prussia?
Answer: occupied most of Swedish Pomerania
Question: What favorable developments occurred for Prussia in Hanover?
Answer: Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick, regrouped his army and launched a series of offensives that drove the French back across the River Rhine.
Question: What political development shaped the policy of the British?
Answer: successive governments led by Newcastle and Pitt had fallen. In August 1757, the two men agreed to a political partnership and formed a coalition |
Context: After the Dambusters raid in 1943 an entirely new system was developed that was required to knock down any low-flying aircraft with a single hit. The first attempt to produce such a system used a 50 mm gun, but this proved inaccurate and a new 55 mm gun replaced it. The system used a centralised control system including both search and targeting radar, which calculated the aim point for the guns after considering windage and ballistics, and then sent electrical commands to the guns, which used hydraulics to point themselves at high speeds. Operators simply fed the guns and selected the targets. This system, modern even by today's standards, was in late development when the war ended.
Question: When year did the Dambusters raid happen?
Answer: 1943
Question: What did the new system designed after the Dambusters raid supposed to do?
Answer: knock down any low-flying aircraft with a single hit
Question: What replaced the 50 millimeter gun that was not accurate?
Answer: a new 55 mm gun
Question: What type of control system did the 55 millimeter gun use?
Answer: a centralised control system
Question: What was used to aim the guns after electrical commands were sent?
Answer: hydraulics |
Context: One of the problems of the standard electric light bulb is filament notching due to evaporation of the filament. Small variations in resistivity along the filament cause "hot spots" to form at points of higher resistivity; a variation of diameter of only 1% will cause a 25% reduction in service life. These hot spots evaporate faster than the rest of the filament, which increases the resistance at that point—this creates a positive feedback that ends in the familiar tiny gap in an otherwise healthy-looking filament. Irving Langmuir found that an inert gas, instead of vacuum, would retard evaporation. General service incandescent light bulbs over about 25 watts in rating are now filled with a mixture of mostly argon and some nitrogen, or sometimes krypton. Lamps operated on direct current develop random stairstep irregularities on the filament surface which may cut lifespan in half compared to AC operation; different alloys of tungsten and rhenium can be used to counteract the effect.
Question: What is the negative effect of "hot spots" forming on the filament?
Answer: a variation of diameter of only 1% will cause a 25% reduction in service life
Question: Who discovered that inert gas could slow evaporation?
Answer: Irving Langmuir
Question: Which gases are typically used in a light bulb?
Answer: argon and some nitrogen, or sometimes krypton
Question: Which type of alloys can decrease "stairstep" irregularities in light bulb filaments?
Answer: alloys of tungsten and rhenium
Question: What is an advantage of the standard electric light bulb?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do large variations in resistivity along the filament cause?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What evaporates slower than the rest of the filament?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Irving Langmuir find that would increase evaporation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which gases are not typically used in a light bulb?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: West's third studio album, Graduation, garnered major publicity when its release date pitted West in a sales competition against rapper 50 Cent's Curtis. Upon their September 2007 releases, Graduation outsold Curtis by a large margin, debuting at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart and selling 957,000 copies in its first week. Graduation once again continued the string of critical and commercial successes by West, and the album's lead single, "Stronger", garnered the rapper his third number-one hit. "Stronger", which samples French house duo Daft Punk, has been accredited to not only encouraging other hip-hop artists to incorporate house and electronica elements into their music, but also for playing a part in the revival of disco and electro-infused music in the late 2000s. Ben Detrick of XXL cited the outcome of the sales competition between 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation as being responsible for altering the direction of hip-hop and paving the way for new rappers who didn't follow the hardcore-gangster mold, writing, "If there was ever a watershed moment to indicate hip-hop's changing direction, it may have come when 50 Cent competed with Kanye in 2007 to see whose album would claim superior sales."
Question: What was the name of Kanye's third album?
Answer: Graduation
Question: Kanye released Graduation at the same time of what other famous rapper, thus drawing media comparison?
Answer: 50 Cent
Question: How many copies did Graduation sell in its first week of release?
Answer: 957,000
Question: What famous electronic duo did Kanye sample on his third album?
Answer: Daft Punk
Question: What was the name of Kanye West's third CD?
Answer: Graduation
Question: What artist was Kanye's third album release competing against?
Answer: 50 Cent
Question: What music group was in Kanye's first release off of Graduation?
Answer: Daft Punk |
Context: In January 2010, Hong Kong-based English newspaper The Standard reported that writer Tan Zuoren attempted to document shoddy construction that may have led to massive casualties in schools, was sentenced to in prison ostensibly for his writing an article in 2007 in support of the pro-democracy movement in 1989.
Question: When did the sentencing occur?
Answer: in 2007
Question: When was the article published about the case?
Answer: January 2010
Question: What did he think that the poor construction led to?
Answer: massive casualties |
Context: Mexico City is served by the Sistema de Transporte Colectivo, a 225.9 km (140 mi) metro system, which is the largest in Latin America. The first portions were opened in 1969 and it has expanded to 12 lines with 195 stations. The metro is one of the busiest in the world transporting approximately 4.5 million people every day, surpassed only by subway lines in Moscow (7.5 million), Tokyo (5.9 million), and New York City (5.1 million). It is heavily subsidized, and has some of the lowest fares in the world, each trip costing 5.00 pesos from 05:00 am to midnight. Several stations display pre-Columbian artifacts and architecture that were discovered during the metro's construction.[citation needed] However, the metro covers less than half of the total urban area. The Metro stations are also differentiated by the use of icons and glyphs which were proposed for people who could not read. The specific icons were developed based on historical (characters, sites, pre-Hispanic motifs), linguistic, symbolic (glyphs) or location references and has being emulated in further transportations alternatives in the City and in other Mexican cities. Mexico City is the only city in the world to use the icon reference and has become a popular culture trademark for the city.
Question: How large is the metro system of Mexico City?
Answer: 225.9 km (140 mi)
Question: When was the Mexico City metro system first opened?
Answer: 1969
Question: How many lines are in the metro system?
Answer: 12
Question: How many people ride the metro system each day?
Answer: 4.5 million
Question: How many stations are in the Mexico City metro system?
Answer: 195 |
Context: Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the Patriarchs and of the Exodus story, with it being reframed as constituting the Israelites' inspiring national myth narrative. The Israelites and their culture, according to the modern archaeological account, did not overtake the region by force, but instead branched out of the Canaanite peoples and culture through the development of a distinct monolatristic — and later monotheistic — religion centered on Yahweh, one of the Ancient Canaanite deities. The growth of Yahweh-centric belief, along with a number of cultic practices, gradually gave rise to a distinct Israelite ethnic group, setting them apart from other Canaanites. The Canaanites themselves are archeologically attested in the Middle Bronze Age, while the Hebrew language is the last extant member of the Canaanite languages. In the Iron Age I period (1200–1000 BCE) Israelite culture was largely Canaanite in nature.
Question: Which culture was largely Canaanite in nature?
Answer: Israelite
Question: What is one of the Ancient Canaanite deities?
Answer: Yahweh
Question: The period of time from 1200 to 1000 BCE is known as what?
Answer: Iron Age
Question: How has historical archaeology treated the historicity of the Patriarchs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How did the Israelites take over the region according to historical archaeology?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What god did the Ancient Canaanites not worship?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The period of time before 1200 BCE is known as what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What gave rise to a distinct Canaanite ethnic group?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The loss of industrial and working-class jobs in the city has resulted in high rates of poverty and associated problems. From 2000 to 2009, the city's estimated median household income fell from $29,526 to $26,098. As of 2010[update] the mean income of Detroit is below the overall U.S. average by several thousand dollars. Of every three Detroit residents, one lives in poverty. Luke Bergmann, author of Getting Ghost: Two Young Lives and the Struggle for the Soul of an American City, said in 2010, "Detroit is now one of the poorest big cities in the country."
Question: What was the median household income in 2009?
Answer: $26,098
Question: What was the median household income in 2000?
Answer: $29,526
Question: How many residents of Detroit in three live in poverty?
Answer: one
Question: Who said that Detroit is one of the poorest big cities in the country?
Answer: Luke Bergmann |
Context: In Ancient Egypt green was the symbol of regeneration and rebirth, and of the crops made possible by the annual flooding of the Nile. For painting on the walls of tombs or on papyrus, Egyptian artists used finely-ground malachite, mined in the west Sinai and the eastern desert- A paintbox with malachite pigment was found inside the tomb of King Tutankhamun. They also used less expensive green earth pigment, or mixed yellow ochre and blue azurite. To dye fabrics green, they first colored them yellow with dye made from saffron and then soaked them in blue dye from the roots of the woad plant.
Question: Which color was the symbol to regeneration and rebirth in Ancient Egypt?
Answer: green
Question: What did Egyptian artists grind to use to paint on the walls of tombs or on papyrus?
Answer: malachite
Question: How did Egyptians dye fabrics yellow?
Answer: saffron
Question: Where was the Nile located in Egypt?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was blue azurite found?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The roots of what plant were turned into green dye?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Dye made from saffron was found in a box in whose tomb?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was blue a symbol of in ancient Egypt?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From December 1937 to March 1938 a Norwegian party made the first ever scientific expedition to Tristan da Cunha. During their stay, the expeditionary party carried out observations and made recordings of the topography of the island, its people and how they lived and worked and the flora and fauna that inhabited the island.
Question: During which time did a British party make the first scientific expedition to Tristan da Cunha?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Norwegian party make the first ever scientific expedition to the moon?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did the British expedition party make the first ever trip to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Norwegian Party make the last scientific expedition to Tristan da Cunha?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the British expeditionary party do while on their stay at the island?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: St. John's is the eastern terminus of the Trans-Canada Highway, one of the longest national highways in the world. The divided highway, also known as "Outer Ring Road" in the city, runs just outside the main part of the city, with exits to Pitts Memorial Drive, Topsail Road, Team Gushue Highway, Thorburn Road, Allandale Road, Portugal Cove Road and Torbay Road, providing relatively easy access to neighbourhoods served by those streets. Pitts Memorial Drive runs from Conception Bay South, through the city of Mount Pearl and into downtown St. John's, with interchanges for Goulds, Water Street and Hamilton Avenue-New Gower Street.
Question: Where is the eastern terminus of the Trans-Canada Highway?
Answer: St. John's
Question: Outer Ring Road is a another name for what?
Answer: The divided highway
Question: What does the divided highway provide?
Answer: relatively easy access to neighbourhoods
Question: What is the longest national highway in the world?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What runs through the main part of the city?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The description or representation of individual and group identity is a central task for psychologists, sociologists and anthropologists and those of other disciplines where "identity" needs to be mapped and defined. How should one describe the identity of another, in ways which encompass both their idiosyncratic qualities and their group memberships or identifications, both of which can shift according to circumstance? Following on from the work of Kelly, Erikson, Tajfel and others Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis (ISA), is "a structural representation of the individual's existential experience, in which the relationships between self and other agents are organised in relatively stable structures over time … with the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions" (Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1). Using constructs drawn from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms, the practical operationalisation of ISA provides a methodology that maps how these are used by the individual, applied across time and milieus by the "situated self" to appraise self and other agents and institutions (for example, resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions).[citation needed]
Question: The central task for psychologists, sociologists, and anthropologists is to describe what topics?
Answer: individual and group identity
Question: ISA stands for what?
Answer: Identity Structure Analysis
Question: Who developed the ISA?
Answer: Weinreich
Question: His central task is to describe social identity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What provides a method that maps how cultural norms are used by the group?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What results in the individual evaluating their community?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What don't shift according to circumstances?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Probably the most devastating strike occurred on the evening of 29 December, when German aircraft attacked the City of London itself with incendiary and high explosive bombs, causing a firestorm that has been called the Second Great Fire of London. The first group to use these incendiaries was Kampfgruppe 100 which despatched 10 "pathfinder" He 111s. At 18:17, it released the first of 10,000 fire bombs, eventually amounting to 300 dropped per minute. Altogether, 130 German bombers destroyed the historical centre of London. Civilian casualties on London throughout the Blitz amounted to 28,556 killed, and 25,578 wounded. The Luftwaffe had dropped 18,291 short tons (16,593 t) of bombs.
Question: On what day was London itself attacked?
Answer: the evening of 29 December
Question: What group was the first to use incendiaries?
Answer: Kampfgruppe 100
Question: How many fire bombs were dropped per minute?
Answer: 300
Question: How many civilians were killed in the bombing?
Answer: 28,556 killed
Question: The Luftwaffe dropped how many short tons of bombs?
Answer: 18,291 short tons |
Context: In modern times, the name "cardinal priest" is interpreted as meaning a cardinal who is of the order of priests. Originally, however, this referred to certain key priests of important churches of the Diocese of Rome, who were recognized as the cardinal priests, the important priests chosen by the pope to advise him in his duties as Bishop of Rome (the Latin cardo means "hinge"). Certain clerics in many dioceses at the time, not just that of Rome, were said to be the key personnel — the term gradually became exclusive to Rome to indicate those entrusted with electing the bishop of Rome, the pope.
Question: What was the original definition of a cardinal priest?
Answer: priests chosen by the pope
Question: What name was interpreted as meaning a cardinal who is of the order of popes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the name "cardinal popes" originally refer to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the important nuns that are chosen by the pope to advice him?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who holds the title Cardinal of Rome?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What term did not gradually become exclusive to Rome to indicate those entrusted with electing the pope?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Catalan has an inflectional grammar, with two genders (masculine, feminine), and two numbers (singular, plural). Pronouns are also inflected for case, animacy[citation needed] and politeness, and can be combined in very complex ways. Verbs are split in several paradigms and are inflected for person, number, tense, aspect, mood, and gender. In terms of pronunciation, Catalan has many words ending in a wide variety of consonants and some consonant clusters, in contrast with many other Romance languages.
Question: How many genders does Catalan have?
Answer: two
Question: What numbers does Catalan have?
Answer: singular, plural
Question: What style of grammar does Catalan have?
Answer: inflectional
Question: What is used in Catalan as word endings that is different from other similar Romance languages?
Answer: consonants |
Context: Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs. For the 2009–10 season, average attendances across the league clubs were 34,215 for Premier League matches with a total aggregate attendance figure of 13,001,616. This represents an increase of 13,089 from the average attendance of 21,126 recorded in the league's first season (1992–93). However, during the 1992–93 season the capacities of most stadiums were reduced as clubs replaced terraces with seats in order to meet the Taylor Report's 1994–95 deadline for all-seater stadiums. The Premier League's record average attendance of 36,144 was set during the 2007–08 season. This record was then beaten in the 2013–14 season recording an average attendance of 36,695 with a total attendance of just under 14 million, the highest average in England's top flight since 1950.
Question: Are attendance remittances that important to the Premier League?
Answer: Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs.
Question: What was the Premier Leagues standard attendance in the 2007-08 season?
Answer: The Premier League's record average attendance of 36,144 was set during the 2007–08 season.
Question: What was the league's first year attendance average?
Answer: the average attendance of 21,126 recorded in the league's first season (1992–93).
Question: Attendance for the 2013-14 season set a new record of how much?
Answer: in the 2013–14 season recording an average attendance of 36,695 with a total attendance of just under 14 million,
Question: What was the average attendance for all Premier League clubs during the 2009-10 season?
Answer: 34,215
Question: What was the total attendance of all Premier League games during the 2009-10 season?
Answer: 13,001,616
Question: By how many attendees did the average Premier League attendance increase between 1992 and 2009?
Answer: 13,089
Question: For when did the Taylor Report set the deadline for replacing terraces with seats in stadiums?
Answer: 1994–95
Question: During which season did the Premier League set a record average attendance of over 36,000 people?
Answer: 2007–08
Question: What is a significant source of revenue for the Taylor Report?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Stadium attendances provide what for the Taylor Report clubs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: With a total aggregate attendance of 34,215, how much was the average attendance across clubs for the 2009-10 season?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In which year was the record beaten when average attendance was recorded at just under 14 million?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the highest total in England's top flight since 1992?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1636 George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruler of the Brunswick-Lüneburg principality of Calenberg, moved his residence to Hanover. The Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg were elevated by the Holy Roman Emperor to the rank of Prince-Elector in 1692, and this elevation was confirmed by the Imperial Diet in 1708. Thus the principality was upgraded to the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg, colloquially known as the Electorate of Hanover after Calenberg's capital (see also: House of Hanover). Its electors would later become monarchs of Great Britain (and from 1801, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland). The first of these was George I Louis, who acceded to the British throne in 1714. The last British monarch who ruled in Hanover was William IV. Semi-Salic law, which required succession by the male line if possible, forbade the accession of Queen Victoria in Hanover. As a male-line descendant of George I, Queen Victoria was herself a member of the House of Hanover. Her descendants, however, bore her husband's titular name of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Three kings of Great Britain, or the United Kingdom, were concurrently also Electoral Princes of Hanover.
Question: Where did the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg move his residence to?
Answer: Hanover
Question: Who elevated the status of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg?
Answer: Holy Roman Emperor
Question: Who confirmed the elevation of the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1708?
Answer: Imperial Diet
Question: Which other nation would the electors of Hanover become monarchs of?
Answer: Great Britain
Question: Who was the first elector from Hanover to sit on the British throne?
Answer: George I Louis
Question: What Duke moved to Hanover in 1736?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who elevated the Duke of Brunswick to the rank of Prince?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the last Elector of Hanover to sit on the British throne?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who abdicated the British throne in 1714?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What other title did three queens of Great Britain with United kingdom also hold?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From the late 19th century, the South used a colloquial term, the one-drop rule, to classify as black a person of any known African ancestry. This practice of hypodescent was not put into law until the early 20th century. Legally the definition varied from state to state. Racial definition was more flexible in the 18th and 19th centuries before the American Civil War. For instance, President Thomas Jefferson held persons who were legally white (less than 25% black) according to Virginia law at the time, but, because they were born to slave mothers, they were born into slavery, according to the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, which Virginia adopted into law in 1662.
Question: What did the "one-drop" rule do?
Answer: classify as black a person of any known African ancestry
Question: When was the "one-drop" rule put into place?
Answer: early 20th century.
Question: When was racial definition more flexible?
Answer: 18th and 19th centuries
Question: What war changed the way the United States looked at race?
Answer: the American Civil War
Question: When did Virginia adopt The Principle of Partus Sequitur Ventrem?
Answer: 1662 |
Context: Henry II wanted to secure the southern borders of Aquitaine and decided to betroth his youngest son to Alais, the daughter and heiress of Humbert III of Savoy. As part of this agreement John was promised the future inheritance of Savoy, Piedmont, Maurienne, and the other possessions of Count Humbert. For his part in the potential marriage alliance, Henry II transferred the castles of Chinon, Loudun and Mirebeau into John's name; as John was only five years old his father would continue to control them for practical purposes. Henry the Young King was unimpressed by this; although he had yet to be granted control of any castles in his new kingdom, these were effectively his future property and had been given away without consultation. Alais made the trip over the Alps and joined Henry II's court, but she died before marrying John, which left the prince once again without an inheritance.
Question: Henry II wanted to secure the southern borders of what?
Answer: Aquitaine
Question: Who was Alais?
Answer: the daughter and heiress of Humbert III of Savoy
Question: What castles did Henry II transfer into John's name?
Answer: Chinon, Loudun and Mirebeau |
Context: In 1409, a hospital was founded and placed under the patronage of Santa María de los Inocentes; to this was attached a confraternity devoted to recovering the bodies of the unfriended dead in the city and within a radius of three miles (4.8 km) around it. At the end of the 15th century this confraternity separated from the hospital, and continued its work under the name of "Cofradia para el ámparo de los desamparados". King Philip IV of Spain and the Duke of Arcos suggested the building of the new chapel, and in 1647 the Viceroy, Conde de Oropesa, who had been preserved from the bubonic plague, insisted on carrying out their project. The Blessed Virgin was proclaimed patroness of the city under the title of Virgen de los desamparados (Virgin of the Forsaken), and Archbishop Pedro de Urbina, on 31 June 1652, laid the cornerstone of the new chapel of this name. The archiepiscopal palace, a grain market in the time of the Moors, is simple in design, with an inside cloister and a handsome chapel. In 1357, the arch that connects it with the cathedral was built. In the council chamber are preserved the portraits of all the prelates of Valencia.
Question: Who was the hospital's patroness?
Answer: Santa María de los Inocentes
Question: What was the confraternity called after its separation from the hospital?
Answer: Cofradia para el ámparo de los desamparados
Question: Who placed the chapel's cornerstone?
Answer: Archbishop Pedro de Urbina
Question: What was the archiepiscopal palace during the Moorish period?
Answer: a grain market
Question: Who insisted on building the new chapel?
Answer: Conde de Oropesa |
Context: In May 2008, Cyclone Nargis caused extensive damage in the densely populated, rice-farming delta of the Irrawaddy Division. It was the worst natural disaster in Burmese history with reports of an estimated 200,000 people dead or missing, and damage totalled to 10 billion US Dollars, and as many as 1 million left homeless. In the critical days following this disaster, Myanmar's isolationist government was accused of hindering United Nations recovery efforts. Humanitarian aid was requested but concerns about foreign military or intelligence presence in the country delayed the entry of United States military planes delivering medicine, food, and other supplies.
Question: What natural disaster caused detrimental effects to the Irrawaddy section of Burma in May of 2008 ?
Answer: Cyclone Nargis
Question: What is the main crop of the delta of the Irrawaddy section of Burma?
Answer: rice
Question: How many people were reported missing or deceased due to the natural disaster of 2007 ?
Answer: estimated 200,000 people dead or missing
Question: How much was the financial cost of the damages of the 2007 natural disaster in Burma ?
Answer: 10 billion US Dollars
Question: Did the government of Myanmar welcome the international efforts of assistance?
Answer: Myanmar's isolationist government was accused of hindering United Nations recovery efforts |
Context: Australia had been shocked by the speedy collapse of British Malaya and Fall of Singapore in which around 15,000 Australian soldiers became prisoners of war. Curtin predicted that the "battle for Australia" would now follow. The Japanese established a major base in the Australian Territory of New Guinea in early 1942. On 19 February, Darwin suffered a devastating air raid, the first time the Australian mainland had been attacked. Over the following 19 months, Australia was attacked from the air almost 100 times.
Question: About how many Australians were taken prisoner after the fall of Singapore and British Malaya?
Answer: 15,000
Question: In what year did Japan establish a base in New Guinea?
Answer: 1942
Question: What date was the Australian mainland first attacked?
Answer: 19 February
Question: What mainland Australian city was attacked by the Japanese on February 19?
Answer: Darwin
Question: For how many months was Australia attacked from the air by Japan?
Answer: 19 |
Context: The lower regions and larger towns of the Alps are well-served by motorways and main roads, but higher mountain passes and byroads, which are amongst the highest in Europe, can be treacherous even in summer due to steep slopes. Many passes are closed in winter. A multitude of airports around the Alps (and some within), as well as long-distance rail links from all neighbouring countries, afford large numbers of travellers easy access from abroad.
Question: When are many passes in the Alps closed?
Answer: winter
Question: The lower regions and larger towns of the Alps are well-served by what?
Answer: motorways
Question: What can be treacherous even in summer due to steep slopes?
Answer: mountain passes |
Context: The Suez Canal, built in partnership with the French, was completed in 1869. Its construction led to enormous debt to European banks, and caused popular discontent because of the onerous taxation it required. In 1875 Ismail was forced to sell Egypt's share in the canal to the British Government. Within three years this led to the imposition of British and French controllers who sat in the Egyptian cabinet, and, "with the financial power of the bondholders behind them, were the real power in the Government."
Question: Who partnered with Egypt to build Suez Canal?
Answer: French
Question: In what year did Egypt sell its portion of Suez Canal?
Answer: 1875
Question: To whom did Egypt sell its interest in Suez Canal?
Answer: British Government
Question: Who sold Egypt's portion of Suez?
Answer: Ismail |
Context: Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore. Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000. Schwarzenegger said the company had not had the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career.
Question: What restaurant chain did Schwarzenegger invest in?
Answer: Planet Hollywood
Question: When did Schwarzenegger withdraw from involvement with Planet Hollywood?
Answer: 2000
Question: What other successful theme restaurant chain was Planet Hollywood modeled on?
Answer: the Hard Rock Cafe |
Context: On July 11, 1877, a few days after the Bell Telephone Company was established, Bell married Mabel Hubbard (1857–1923) at the Hubbard estate in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His wedding present to his bride was to turn over 1,487 of his 1,497 shares in the newly formed Bell Telephone Company. Shortly thereafter, the newlyweds embarked on a year-long honeymoon in Europe. During that excursion, Bell took a handmade model of his telephone with him, making it a "working holiday". The courtship had begun years earlier; however, Bell waited until he was more financially secure before marrying. Although the telephone appeared to be an "instant" success, it was not initially a profitable venture and Bell's main sources of income were from lectures until after 1897. One unusual request exacted by his fiancée was that he use "Alec" rather than the family's earlier familiar name of "Aleck". From 1876, he would sign his name "Alec Bell". They had four children:
Question: Who did Bell marry in 1877?
Answer: Mabel Hubbard
Question: How many children did Bell and Mabel have?
Answer: 4
Question: Where did Bell and his wife go on their honeymoon?
Answer: Europe
Question: Before 1897, what did Bell get most of his money from?
Answer: lectures |
Context: Rheinmetall in Germany developed an automatic 20 mm in the 1920s and Oerlikon in Switzerland had acquired the patent to an automatic 20 mm gun designed in Germany during World War I. Germany introduced the rapid-fire 2 cm FlaK 30 and later in the decade it was redesigned by Mauser-Werke and became the 2 cm FlaK 38. Nevertheless, while 20 mm was better than a machine gun and mounted on a very small trailer made it easy to move, its effectiveness was limited. Germany therefore added a 3.7 cm. The first, the 3.7 cm FlaK 18 developed by Rheinmetall in the early 1930s, was basically an enlarged 2 cm FlaK 30. It was introduced in 1935 and production stopped the following year. A redesigned gun 3.7 cm FlaK 36 entered service in 1938, it too had a two-wheel carriage. However, by the mid-1930s the Luftwaffe realised that there was still a coverage gap between 3.7 cm and 8.8 cm guns. They started development of a 5 cm gun on a four-wheel carriage.
Question: In the 1920s, which company developed the automatic 20 mm?
Answer: Rheinmetall
Question: Which Switzerland company obtained the patent for an automatic 20 mm gun during the first World War?
Answer: Oerlikon
Question: Which company redesigned the rapid fire 2 cm FlaK 30?
Answer: Mauser-Werke
Question: What did Germany add to the 20 mm to make it more effective?
Answer: a 3.7 cm
Question: When was the first 3.7 cm FlaK 18 introduced?
Answer: 1935 |
Context: At the time of the fall of the Egyptian monarchy in the early 1950s, less than half a million Egyptians were considered upper class and rich, four million middle class and 17 million lower class and poor. Fewer than half of all primary-school-age children attended school, most of them being boys. Nasser's policies changed this. Land reform and distribution, the dramatic growth in university education, and government support to national industries greatly improved social mobility and flattened the social curve. From academic year 1953-54 through 1965-66, overall public school enrolments more than doubled. Millions of previously poor Egyptians, through education and jobs in the public sector, joined the middle class. Doctors, engineers, teachers, lawyers, journalists, constituted the bulk of the swelling middle class in Egypt under Nasser. During the 1960s, the Egyptian economy went from sluggish to the verge of collapse, the society became less free, and Nasser's appeal waned considerably.
Question: How many rich, upper class were in Egypt in 1950s?
Answer: less than half a million
Question: How many middle class were in Egypt in 1950s
Answer: four million
Question: How many lower class were in Egypt in 1950s
Answer: 17 million
Question: What professions made up the buld on middle class under Nasser?
Answer: Doctors, engineers, teachers, lawyers, journalists
Question: What direction did the Egypt economy take in the 1960s?
Answer: went from sluggish to the verge of collapse |
Context: Until mid-to-late adolescence, boys and girls show relatively little difference in drinking motives. Distinctions between the reasons for alcohol consumption of males and females begin to emerge around ages 14–15; overall, boys tend to view drinking in a more social light than girls, who report on average a more frequent use of alcohol as a coping mechanism. The latter effect appears to shift in late adolescence and onset of early adulthood (18–19 years of age); however, despite this trend, age tends to bring a greater desire to drink for pleasure rather than coping in both boys and girls.
Question: During what ages do reasons for alcohol consumption between males and females begin to diverge?
Answer: 14–15
Question: Do boys or girls view drinking in a more social light?
Answer: boys
Question: Which gender reports most frequently using alcohol as a coping mechanism?
Answer: girls
Question: Does age bring a greater or smaller desire to drink for pleasure rather than coping?
Answer: greater |
Context: Dutch is written using the Latin script. Dutch uses one additional character beyond the standard alphabet, the digraph IJ. It has a relatively high proportion of doubled letters, both vowels and consonants, due to the formation of compound words and also to the spelling devices for distinguishing the many vowel sounds in the Dutch language. An example of five consecutive doubled letters is the word voorraaddoos (food storage container). The diaeresis (Dutch: trema) is used to mark vowels that are pronounced separately when involving a pre- or suffix. Whereas a hyphen is used when this problem occurs in compound words. For example; "beïnvloed" (influenced), but zee-eend (sea duck). Generally, other diacritical marks only occur in loanwords, though the acute accent can also be used for emphasis or to differentiate between two forms. Its most common use is to differentiate between the indefinite article 'een' (a, an) and the numeral 'één' (one).
Question: How many extra characters does Dutch have in addition to the standard alphabet?
Answer: one
Question: What's the name for the additional character Dutch uses?
Answer: digraph
Question: Because Dutch has many vowel sounds and compound words, what occurs frequently in Dutch spelling?
Answer: doubled letters
Question: What is an example of a Dutch word that has double vowels or consonants five times in a row?
Answer: voorraaddoos
Question: What's the name for the type of accent that Dutch used to mark the difference between the word for "a" or "an" and the word for "one"?
Answer: acute accent |
Context: Flora Gomes is an internationally renowned film director; his most famous film is Nha Fala (English: My Voice). Gomes's Mortu Nega (Death Denied) (1988) was the first fiction film and the second feature film ever made in Guinea-Bissau. (The first feature film was N’tturudu, by director Umban u’Kest in 1987.) At FESPACO 1989, Mortu Nega won the prestigious Oumarou Ganda Prize. Mortu Nega is in Creole with English subtitles. In 1992, Gomes directed Udju Azul di Yonta, which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival. Gomes has also served on the boards of many Africa-centric film festivals.
Question: Who is an internationally renowned film director from Guinea-Bissau?
Answer: Flora Gomes
Question: What is Flora Gomes' most famous film?
Answer: Nha Fala (English: My Voice)
Question: What year was the first feature film made in Guinea-Bissau?
Answer: 1987
Question: Who directed the first feature film in Guinea-Bissau?
Answer: Umban u’Kest
Question: What prize did the film Mortu Nega win?
Answer: Oumarou Ganda Prize |
Context: Avicenna was a devout Muslim and sought to reconcile rational philosophy with Islamic theology. His aim was to prove the existence of God and His creation of the world scientifically and through reason and logic. Avicenna's views on Islamic theology (and philosophy) were enormously influential, forming part of the core of the curriculum at Islamic religious schools until the 19th century. Avicenna wrote a number of short treatises dealing with Islamic theology. These included treatises on the prophets (whom he viewed as "inspired philosophers"), and also on various scientific and philosophical interpretations of the Quran, such as how Quranic cosmology corresponds to his own philosophical system. In general these treatises linked his philosophical writings to Islamic religious ideas; for example, the body's afterlife.
Question: What religion was Avicenna?
Answer: Muslim
Question: What did Avicenna want to reconcile with Islamic theology?
Answer: rational philosophy
Question: What did Avicenna hope to do through his work?
Answer: prove the existence of God
Question: Up until what century was Avicenna's work highly influential?
Answer: 19th century
Question: Who did Avicenna view as inspired philosophers?
Answer: the prophets
Question: Who used philosophy to challange Islamic theology?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who's existance was Avicenna trying to disprove?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who wrote the curriculum at Islamic religious schools?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was highly influental up until the 1900's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was inspired by Avicenna's work?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What region was Avicenna?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Avicenna not want to reconcile with Islamic theology?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Avicenna hope not to do through his work?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Up until what century was Avicenna's work slightly influential?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did Avicenna view as uninspired philosophers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In December 1831, he joined the Beagle expedition as a gentleman naturalist and geologist. He read Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology and from the first stop ashore, at St. Jago, found Lyell's uniformitarianism a key to the geological history of landscapes. Darwin discovered fossils resembling huge armadillos, and noted the geographical distribution of modern species in hope of finding their "centre of creation". The three Fuegian missionaries the expedition returned to Tierra del Fuego were friendly and civilised, yet to Darwin their relatives on the island seemed "miserable, degraded savages", and he no longer saw an unbridgeable gap between humans and animals. As the Beagle neared England in 1836, he noted that species might not be fixed.
Question: What expedition did Darwin join in 1831?
Answer: Beagle expedition
Question: Who wrote The Principles of Geology?
Answer: Charles Lyell
Question: Where was the first stop of the Beagle Expedition?
Answer: St. Jago
Question: What did some of the fossils Darwin found on St. Jago resemble?
Answer: huge armadillos
Question: What caused Darwin to change his mind about the unbridgeable gap between animals and humans?
Answer: their relatives on the island seemed "miserable, degraded savages" |
Context: The practice of using dogs and other animals as a part of therapy dates back to the late 18th century, when animals were introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders. Animal-assisted intervention research has shown that animal-assisted therapy with a dog can increase social behaviors, such as smiling and laughing, among people with Alzheimer's disease. One study demonstrated that children with ADHD and conduct disorders who participated in an education program with dogs and other animals showed increased attendance, increased knowledge and skill objectives, and decreased antisocial and violent behavior compared to those who were not in an animal-assisted program.
Question: Dogs were taken where to help people with mental disorders socialize?
Answer: mental institutions
Question: Therapy dogs can help increase what in people suffering with Alzheimer's?
Answer: social behaviors
Question: What was decreased in children with ADHD when they were exposed to therapy dogs?
Answer: antisocial and violent behavior
Question: When did people start using dogs as therapy?
Answer: the late 18th century
Question: Where were dogs introduced then to help people socialize people?
Answer: mental institutions
Question: Children who have ADHD or conduct disorders respond better when what is a part of their treatment plan?
Answer: dogs
Question: People with Alzheimer's smile and laugh more with what kind of therapy?
Answer: animal-assisted therapy |
Context: In the inter-war years and after 1940, Hugh Dowding, Air Officer Commanding Fighter Command has received credit for the defence of British air space and the failure of the Luftwaffe to achieve air superiority. However, Dowding had spent so much effort preparing day fighter defences, there was little to prevent the Germans carrying out an alternative strategy by bombing at night. When the Luftwaffe struck at British cities for the first time on 7 September 1940, a number of civic and political leaders were worried by Dowding's apparent lack of reaction to the new crisis.
Question: Who was the Air Officer Commanding Fighter Command after 1940?
Answer: Hugh Dowding
Question: What credit did Dowding receive?
Answer: defence of British air space
Question: What strategy could the German's have used instead of day raids?
Answer: bombing at night
Question: Why were civic and political leaders worried about Dowdings?
Answer: lack of reaction to the new crisis |
Context: The Palácio do Planalto is the official workplace of the President of Brazil. It is located at the Praça dos Três Poderes in Brasília. As the seat of government, the term "Planalto" is often used as a metonym for the executive branch of government. The main working office of the President of the Republic is in the Palácio do Planalto. The President and his or her family do not live in it, rather in the official residence, the Palácio da Alvorada. Besides the President, senior advisors also have offices in the "Planalto," including the Vice-President of Brazil and the Chief of Staff. The other Ministries are along the Esplanada dos Ministérios. The architect of the Palácio do Planalto was Oscar Niemeyer, creator of most of the important buildings in Brasília. The idea was to project an image of simplicity and modernity using fine lines and waves to compose the columns and exterior structures. The Palace is four stories high, and has an area of 36,000 m2. Four other adjacent buildings are also part of the complex.
Question: How many floors does the Planalto have?
Answer: four
Question: How large is the Planalto?
Answer: 36,000 m2
Question: Where are the President's offices?
Answer: Palácio do Planalto
Question: Who designed the Planalto?
Answer: Oscar Niemeyer
Question: Where are the VP's offices?
Answer: Palácio do Planalto
Question: How many floors are in the Palacio da Alvoarada?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the area of the Palacio de Alvorada?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who also has offices in the Alvorada?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the official workplace of Oscar Niemeyer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is used as a metonym for the chief of staff of government?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: A loblolly pine, known as the "Eisenhower Pine", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the president, the club's chairman, Clifford Roberts, immediately adjourned the meeting rather than reject the request. The tree was removed in February 2014 after an ice storm caused it significant damage.
Question: At what Augusta hole was the Eisenhower Pine located?
Answer: 17th
Question: How many meters away from the Masters tee on Augusta's 17th was the Eisenhower Pine?
Answer: 192
Question: What did Eisenhower want to be done to the Eisenhower Pine?
Answer: cut down
Question: What damaged the Eisenhower Pine in February 2014?
Answer: ice storm
Question: In what year did Eisenhower propose that the pine tree named after him be removed?
Answer: 1956 |
Context: The major European powers laid claim to the areas of Africa where they could exhibit a sphere of influence over the area. These claims did not have to have any substantial land holdings or treaties to be legitimate. The European power that demonstrated its control over a territory accepted the mandate to rule that region as a national colony. The European nation that held the claim developed and benefited from their colony’s commercial interests without having to fear rival European competition. With the colonial claim came the underlying assumption that the European power that exerted control would use its mandate to offer protection and provide welfare for its colonial peoples, however, this principle remained more theory than practice. There were many documented instances of material and moral conditions deteriorating for native Africans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries under European colonial rule, to the point where the colonial experience for them has been described as "hell on earth."
Question: Why did European powers lay claim to areas Africa?
Answer: exhibit a sphere of influence over the area
Question: What did the European powers need to make their claim over these areas legitimate?
Answer: These claims did not have to have any substantial land holdings or treaties to be legitimate.
Question: What do European powers that exibit their control ovet an area accept?
Answer: mandate to rule that region as a national colony.
Question: How did the claims on the areas in Africa benefit the European powers?
Answer: colony’s commercial interests without having to fear rival European competition.
Question: What was the colonial experience for Africans described as?
Answer: hell on earth. |
Context: Many political scientists believe that separation of powers is a decisive factor in what they see as a limited degree of American exceptionalism. In particular, John W. Kingdon made this argument, claiming that separation of powers contributed to the development of a unique political structure in the United States. He attributes the unusually large number of interest groups active in the United States, in part, to the separation of powers; it gives groups more places to try to influence, and creates more potential group activity. He also cites its complexity as one of the reasons for lower citizen participation.[citation needed]
Question: What do many political scientists think is a factor in an unlimited degree in American exceptionalism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who claimed that separation of powers deteriorated the unique political structure in the US?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do many political scientists attribute the large number of active interest groups in the US to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does John W. Kingdon attribute the small number of interest groups in the US to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who attributes the small number of active interest groups to the separation of powers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: However, closing times were increasingly disregarded in the country pubs. In England and Wales by 2000 pubs could legally open from 11 am (12 noon on Sundays) through to 11 pm (10:30 pm on Sundays). That year was also the first to allow continuous opening for 36 hours from 11 am on New Year's Eve to 11 pm on New Year's Day. In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. Pubs near London's Smithfield market, Billingsgate fish market and Covent Garden fruit and flower market could stay open 24 hours a day since Victorian times to provide a service to the shift working employees of the markets.
Question: Circa 2000, what was the latest pubs in Wales could be open until on every day but Sunday?
Answer: 11 pm
Question: What was the latest legal closing time on Sundays in English pubs as of 2000?
Answer: 10:30 pm
Question: How many hours per day were pubs located near Billingsgate fish market allowed to remain open?
Answer: 24
Question: In 2000, what was the earliest Welsh and English pubs could open on Sundays?
Answer: 12 noon
Question: In 2000, what was the earliest Welsh and English pubs could open on any day but Sunday?
Answer: 11 am |
Context: Estonia produces about 75% of its consumed electricity. In 2011 about 85% of it was generated with locally mined oil shale. Alternative energy sources such as wood, peat, and biomass make up approximately 9% of primary energy production. Renewable wind energy was about 6% of total consumption in 2009. Estonia imports petroleum products from western Europe and Russia. Oil shale energy, telecommunications, textiles, chemical products, banking, services, food and fishing, timber, shipbuilding, electronics, and transportation are key sectors of the economy. The ice-free port of Muuga, near Tallinn, is a modern facility featuring good transshipment capability, a high-capacity grain elevator, chill/frozen storage, and new oil tanker off-loading capabilities.[citation needed] The railroad serves as a conduit between the West, Russia, and other points to the East.[citation needed]
Question: How much of consumed electricity does Estonia produce by itself?
Answer: 75%
Question: What percentage of electricity was produced with local oil shale in 2011?
Answer: about 85%
Question: What alternative energy sources account for 9% of energy production?
Answer: wood, peat, and biomass
Question: What percentage of electricity was produced from renewable energy in 2009?
Answer: 6% |
Context: Mid-20th century movies set in the Bronx portrayed densely settled, working-class, urban culture. Hollywood films such as From This Day Forward (1946), set in Highbridge, occasionally delved into Bronx life. Paddy Chayefsky's Academy Award-winning Marty was the most notable examination of working class Bronx life was also explored by Chayefsky in his 1956 film The Catered Affair, and in the 1993 Robert De Niro/Chazz Palminteri film, A Bronx Tale, Spike Lee's 1999 movie Summer of Sam, centered in an Italian-American Bronx community, 1994's I Like It Like That that takes place in the predominantly Puerto Rican neighborhood of the South Bronx, and Doughboys, the story of two Italian-American brothers in danger of losing their bakery thanks to one brother's gambling debts.
Question: When was 'From This Day Forward' released?
Answer: 1946
Question: Where was 'From This Day Forward' set?
Answer: Highbridge
Question: When was 'The Catered Affair' released?
Answer: 1956
Question: What did 'The Catered Affair' explore?
Answer: working class Bronx life
Question: What was 'Summer of Sam' about?
Answer: an Italian-American Bronx community |
Context: In paragraph 13 the judges raise the issue of the perpetrators' access to the victims: "The historical examples of genocide also suggest that the area of the perpetrators’ activity and control, as well as the possible extent of their reach, should be considered. ... The intent to destroy formed by a perpetrator of genocide will always be limited by the opportunity presented to him. While this factor alone will not indicate whether the targeted group is substantial, it can—in combination with other factors—inform the analysis."
Question: The issue of what is raised by judges in Paragraph 13?
Answer: perpetrators' access to the victims
Question: What is the basis for suggesting that several factors regarding the activity of the perpetrators be considered?
Answer: historical examples of genocide
Question: The extent of what by the perpetrators was considered in an examination of their activity and level of control?
Answer: possible extent of their reach
Question: What will always be restricted in terms of a perpetrator's intent to destroy?
Answer: the opportunity presented to him
Question: While the factor cannot independently indicate if the targeted group is substantial, it can do what?
Answer: inform the analysis
Question: What issue is raised by other factors in Paragraph 13?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the basis for suggesting that several factors regarding the victims be considered?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The extent of what by the perpetrators was considered in an examination of their analysis?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What will always be restricted in terms of a victim's intent to destroy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can historical examples do, even though they cannot independently indicate if the targeted group is substantial?
Answer: Unanswerable |
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