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Context: Migratory birds may use two electromagnetic tools to find their destinations: one that is entirely innate and another that relies on experience. A young bird on its first migration flies in the correct direction according to the Earth's magnetic field, but does not know how far the journey will be. It does this through a radical pair mechanism whereby chemical reactions in special photo pigments sensitive to long wavelengths are affected by the field. Although this only works during daylight hours, it does not use the position of the sun in any way. At this stage the bird is in the position of a boy scout with a compass but no map, until it grows accustomed to the journey and can put its other capabilities to use. With experience it learns various landmarks and this "mapping" is done by magnetites in the trigeminal system, which tell the bird how strong the field is. Because birds migrate between northern and southern regions, the magnetic field strengths at different latitudes let it interpret the radical pair mechanism more accurately and let it know when it has reached its destination. There is a neural connection between the eye and "Cluster N", the part of the forebrain that is active during migrational orientation, suggesting that birds may actually be able to see the magnetic field of the earth.
Question: What two electromagnetic tools do birds use to find their destinations?
Answer: one that is entirely innate and another that relies on experience
Question: Where is the neural connection that is active during migration located?
Answer: between the eye and "Cluster N"
Question: What is Cluster N?
Answer: the part of the forebrain that is active during migrational orientation
Question: What is a young bird on it's first migration compared to?
Answer: a boy scout with a compass but no map
Question: How does the magnetic field help the bird at different latitudes?
Answer: let it know when it has reached its destination |
Context: There are several academic libraries and archives in Paris. The Sorbonne Library in the 5th arrondissement is the largest university library in Paris. In addition to the Sorbonne location, there are branches in Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recherche, and Institut des Etudes Ibériques. Other academic libraries include Interuniversity Pharmaceutical Library, Leonardo da Vinci University Library, Paris School of Mines Library, and the René Descartes University Library.
Question: What is the largest university library?
Answer: Sorbonne Library
Question: Outside of France, where are the other three branches of the Sorbonne library located?
Answer: Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recherche, and Institut des Etudes Ibériques
Question: In what arrondissement is the Sorbonne library in Paris located?
Answer: 5th |
Context: Sociocultural anthropology has been heavily influenced by structuralist and postmodern theories, as well as a shift toward the analysis of modern societies. During the 1970s and 1990s, there was an epistemological shift away from the positivist traditions that had largely informed the discipline.[page needed] During this shift, enduring questions about the nature and production of knowledge came to occupy a central place in cultural and social anthropology. In contrast, archaeology and biological anthropology remained largely positivist. Due to this difference in epistemology, the four sub-fields of anthropology have lacked cohesion over the last several decades.
Question: What has sociocultural anthropology been heavily influenced by?
Answer: structuralist and postmodern theories
Question: When was there an epistemological shift away from positivist traditions in anthropology?
Answer: During the 1970s and 1990s
Question: What questions came to occupy a central place in cultural and social anthropology?
Answer: nature and production of knowledge
Question: What two fields remained largely positivist?
Answer: archaeology and biological anthropology
Question: What have the four sub-fields of anthropology lacked over the last several decades?
Answer: cohesion
Question: what has heavily influenced structuralists and postmodern theories?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was there a shift towards the positivist traditions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did archeology and biological anthropology largly shift away from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has been cohesive over the last several decades?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Patronage refers to favoring supporters, for example with government employment. This may be legitimate, as when a newly elected government changes the top officials in the administration in order to effectively implement its policy. It can be seen as corruption if this means that incompetent persons, as a payment for supporting the regime, are selected before more able ones. In nondemocracies many government officials are often selected for loyalty rather than ability. They may be almost exclusively selected from a particular group (for example, Sunni Arabs in Saddam Hussein's Iraq, the nomenklatura in the Soviet Union, or the Junkers in Imperial Germany) that support the regime in return for such favors. A similar problem can also be seen in Eastern Europe, for example in Romania, where the government is often accused of patronage (when a new government comes to power it rapidly changes most of the officials in the public sector).
Question: Giving government jobs to supporters is called what?
Answer: Patronage
Question: What country quickly changes most people working in government position when a new government comes into power?
Answer: Romania |
Context: The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) oversees the civic infrastructure of the city's 18 "circles", which together encompass 150 municipal wards. Each ward is represented by a corporator, elected by popular vote. The corporators elect the Mayor, who is the titular head of GHMC; executive powers rest with the Municipal Commissioner, appointed by the state government. The GHMC carries out the city's infrastructural work such as building and maintenance of roads and drains, town planning including construction regulation, maintenance of municipal markets and parks, solid waste management, the issuing of birth and death certificates, the issuing of trade licences, collection of property tax, and community welfare services such as mother and child healthcare, and pre-school and non-formal education. The GHMC was formed in April 2007 by merging the Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad (MCH) with 12 municipalities of the Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy and Medak districts covering a total area of 650 km2 (250 sq mi).:3 In the 2016 municipal election, the Telangana Rashtra Samithi formed the majority and the present Mayor is Bonthu Ram Mohan. The Secunderabad Cantonment Board is a civic administration agency overseeing an area of 40.1 km2 (15.5 sq mi),:93 where there are several military camps.:2 The Osmania University campus is administered independently by the university authority.:93
Question: What is the entity that controls the infrastructure of Hyderabad?
Answer: The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC)
Question: How many municipal wards are within Hyderabad?
Answer: 150
Question: In what year did the GHMC form?
Answer: 2007
Question: How much area, in square miles, does the GHMC oversee?
Answer: 250 sq mi
Question: Which board oversees military areas within Hyderabad?
Answer: The Secunderabad Cantonment Board |
Context: In 2007, the country with the highest estimated incidence rate of TB was Swaziland, with 1,200 cases per 100,000 people. India had the largest total incidence, with an estimated 2.0 million new cases. In developed countries, tuberculosis is less common and is found mainly in urban areas. Rates per 100,000 people in different areas of the world were: globally 178, Africa 332, the Americas 36, Eastern Mediterranean 173, Europe 63, Southeast Asia 278, and Western Pacific 139 in 2010. In Canada and Australia, tuberculosis is many times more common among the aboriginal peoples, especially in remote areas. In the United States Native Americans have a fivefold greater mortality from TB, and racial and ethnic minorities accounted for 84% of all reported TB cases.
Question: Out of every 100,000 people in Swaziland in 2007, how many were infected with tuberculosis?
Answer: 1,200
Question: What country had a record-setting 2 million new cases of TB in 2007?
Answer: India
Question: What people in Australia and Canada have a much higher risk of TB infection than other residents?
Answer: aboriginal
Question: What indigenous people in the U.S. are five times more likely to die from TB?
Answer: Native Americans
Question: What percentage of TB cases in America are diagnosed in minority groups?
Answer: 84%
Question: What percentage of TB cases worldwide are minorities?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many new cases in millions did Swaziland have in 2007?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is mostly found in remote areas in developed countries?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the rate of TB cases per 100,000 people in Swaziland in 2010?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much greater is the mortality rate from TB for racial and ethnic minorities?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There are several reasons an otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as a binding international agreement, most of which involve problems created at the formation of the treaty.[citation needed] For example, the serial Japan-Korea treaties of 1905, 1907 and 1910 were protested; and they were confirmed as "already null and void" in the 1965 Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea.
Question: When are most of the problems created that might result in an otherwise valid treaty being rejected as a binding international agreement?
Answer: at the formation of the treaty
Question: What treaties between Japan and Korea are examples of treaties that were declared null and void?
Answer: the serial Japan-Korea treaties of 1905, 1907 and 1910
Question: In what treaty were the serial Japan-Korea treaties of 1905, 1907, and 1910 confirmed as "already null and void?"
Answer: the 1965 Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea
Question: Which two states signed a treaty that declared previous treaties between the two from 1905, 1907, and 1910 to be already void?
Answer: Japan and the Republic of Korea
Question: An otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as what for several reasons most of which involve problems created at the formation of a treaty?
Answer: a binding international agreement |
Context: The unicameral legislature (the Fono) consists of 49 members serving 5-year terms. Forty-seven are matai title-holders elected from territorial districts by Samoans; the other two are chosen by non-Samoans with no chiefly affiliation on separate electoral rolls. Universal suffrage was adopted in 1990, but only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to the Samoan seats. There are more than 25,000 matais in the country, about 5% of whom are women. The prime minister, chosen by a majority in the Fono, is appointed by the head of state to form a government. The prime minister's choices for the 12 cabinet positions are appointed by the head of state, subject to the continuing confidence of the Fono.
Question: What do Samoans call their legislative body?
Answer: the Fono
Question: How many Fono members are there?
Answer: 49
Question: How many of the members of the Fono are elected to office?
Answer: Forty-seven
Question: What percentage of female matais are there in Samoa?
Answer: 5%
Question: What position in government is chosen by Fono majority vote?
Answer: prime minister
Question: In what year was the Fono created?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What number of non-Samoans are in the country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many cabinet positions are appointed by women?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one thing women don't have when they are members of the Fono?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year were women allowed to stand for election to the Samoan seats?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The FBI is organized into functional branches and the Office of the Director, which contains most administrative offices. An executive assistant director manages each branch. Each branch is then divided into offices and divisions, each headed by an assistant director. The various divisions are further divided into sub-branches, led by deputy assistant directors. Within these sub-branches there are various sections headed by section chiefs. Section chiefs are ranked analogous to special agents in charge.
Question: What office contains the FBI's administrative offices?
Answer: Office of the Director
Question: Who manages each FBI branch?
Answer: An executive assistant director
Question: What is a FBI branch divided into?
Answer: offices and divisions
Question: Who heads an office or division?
Answer: an assistant director
Question: Who leaders the sub-divisions of offices or divisions?
Answer: deputy assistant directors
Question: What office contains the CIA's administrative offices?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who manages each CIA branch?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a CIA branch divided into?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What contains only a few FBI administrative offices?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is not led by an executive assistant director?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Historically, AC motors were used for single or double speed elevator machines on the grounds of cost and lower usage applications where car speed and passenger comfort were less of an issue, but for higher speed, larger capacity elevators, the need for infinitely variable speed control over the traction machine becomes an issue. Therefore, DC machines powered by an AC/DC motor generator were the preferred solution. The MG set also typically powered the relay controller of the elevator, which has the added advantage of electrically isolating the elevators from the rest of a building's electrical system, thus eliminating the transient power spikes in the building's electrical supply caused by the motors starting and stopping (causing lighting to dim every time the elevators are used for example), as well as interference to other electrical equipment caused by the arcing of the relay contactors in the control system.
Question: Throughout history, what type of engines were used for elevator machines?
Answer: AC motors
Question: Why were AC motors used?
Answer: cost and lower usage applications where car speed and passenger comfort were less of an issue
Question: What problem arises for fast and large capacity elevators?
Answer: the need for infinitely variable speed control over the traction machine
Question: Generally, what powered the relay contoller?
Answer: MG set
Question: What is a known advantage of the MG set?
Answer: electrically isolating the elevators from the rest of a building's electrical system |
Context: The first action of the Franco-Prussian War took place on 4 August 1870. This battle saw the unsupported division of General Douay of I Corps, with some attached cavalry, which was posted to watch the border, attacked in overwhelming but uncoordinated fashion by the German 3rd Army. During the day, elements of a Bavarian and two Prussian corps became engaged and were aided by Prussian artillery, which blasted holes in the defenses of the town. Douay held a very strong position initially, thanks to the accurate long-range fire of the Chassepots but his force was too thinly stretched to hold it. Douay was killed in the late morning when a caisson of the divisional mitrailleuse battery exploded near him; the encirclement of the town by the Prussians threatened the French avenue of retreat.
Question: What was the date of the first action of the Franco-Prussian War?
Answer: 4 August 1870
Question: On that date, which elements were assisted by Prussian artillery forces?
Answer: Bavarian and two Prussian corps
Question: Who initially held a strong position during the battle at the border?
Answer: General Douay of I Corps
Question: Douay's initial success was credited by what?
Answer: long-range fire of the Chassepots
Question: What threatened the French avenue of retreat?
Answer: the encirclement of the town by the Prussians |
Context: This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night.
Question: Which contestant was saved by the judges after getting the least votes on season 13 of American Idol?
Answer: Sam Woolf
Question: At what point in season 13 did American Idol air its 500th show?
Answer: Top 3 performance night
Question: Contestants could perform what in the final rounds for the first time ever?
Answer: songs they wrote themselves
Question: Who received the Judges' Save this season?
Answer: Sam Woolf
Question: When did the judges use their save on Woolf?
Answer: Top 8
Question: What episode was the 500th of the entire series?
Answer: Top 3 performance night |
Context: In January 1989, Madonna signed an endorsement deal with soft-drink manufacturer, Pepsi. In one of her Pepsi commercials, she debuted her song "Like a Prayer". The corresponding music video featured many Catholic symbols such as stigmata and cross burning, and a dream of making love to a saint, leading the Vatican to condemn the video. Religious groups sought to ban the commercial and boycott Pepsi products. Pepsi revoked the commercial and canceled her sponsorship contract. The song was included on Madonna's fourth studio album, Like a Prayer, which was co-written and co-produced by Patrick Leonard and Stephen Bray. Madonna received positive feedback for the album, with Rolling Stone writing that it was "as close to art as pop music gets". Like a Prayer peaked at number one on the Billboard 200 and sold 15 million copies worldwide, with 4 million copies sold in the U.S. alone. Six singles were released from the album, including "Like a Prayer", which reached number one, and "Express Yourself" and "Cherish", both peaking at number two. By the end of the 1980s, Madonna was named as the "Artist of the Decade" by MTV, Billboard and Musician magazine.
Question: When did Madonna sign an endorsement deal with Pepsi?
Answer: January 1989
Question: With Madonna's new video, Like A Prayer, the blasphemy that she portrayed in the video led to what consequences?
Answer: canceled her sponsorship contract
Question: Who co-written and co-produced the song, Like A Prayer?
Answer: Patrick Leonard and Stephen Bray.
Question: How many copies did Like A Prayer sell worldwide?
Answer: 15 million copies
Question: When was Madonna named "Artist of the Decade" by MTV, Billboard and Musician Magazine?
Answer: end of the 1980s |
Context: The Lost Pubs Project listed 28,095 closed pubs on 21 April 2015, with photographs of many. In 2015 the rate of pub closures came under the scrutiny of Parliament in the UK, with a promise of legislation to improve relations between owners and tenants.
Question: How many closed pubs did The Lost Pubs Project catalog?
Answer: 28,095
Question: In what year did Parliament inquire into the frequency of pub closures?
Answer: 2015
Question: What did Parliament promise to pass as a result of increased pub closures?
Answer: legislation to improve relations between owners and tenants |
Context: After 1857, the colonial government strengthened and expanded its infrastructure via the court system, legal procedures, and statutes. The Indian Penal Code came into being. In education, Thomas Babington Macaulay had made schooling a priority for the Raj in his famous minute of February 1835 and succeeded in implementing the use of English as the medium of instruction. By 1890 some 60,000 Indians had matriculated. The Indian economy grew at about 1% per year from 1880 to 1920, and the population also grew at 1%. However, from 1910s Indian private industry began to grow significantly. India built a modern railway system in the late 19th century which was the fourth largest in the world. The British Raj invested heavily in infrastructure, including canals and irrigation systems in addition to railways, telegraphy, roads and ports. However, historians have been bitterly divided on issues of economic history, with the Nationalist school arguing that India was poorer at the end of British rule than at the beginning and that impoverishment occurred because of the British.
Question: What did the Colonial government expand by legal means?
Answer: infrastructure
Question: What new law was created?
Answer: Indian Penal Code
Question: Who insisted that schooling be a priority in India?
Answer: Thomas Babington Macaulay
Question: When did India build the forth largest rail system in the world?
Answer: late 19th century
Question: In what feature of management did the British invest heavily?
Answer: infrastructure |
Context: On May 16 China stated it had also received $457 million in donated money and goods for rescue efforts so far, including $83 million from 19 countries and four international organizations. Saudi Arabia was the largest aid donor to China, providing close to €40,000,000 in financial assistance, and an additional €8,000,000 worth of relief materials.
Question: How much did China receive in donated money and goods?
Answer: $457 million
Question: How many countries donated?
Answer: 19 countries
Question: How many international organizations donated?
Answer: four
Question: What country was the largest aid donor to China?
Answer: Saudi Arabia
Question: How much financial assistance did Saudi Arabia give China?
Answer: €40,000,000
Question: How much money was donated from foreign sources?
Answer: 83 million
Question: What country was the largest aid donor to China?
Answer: Saudi Arabia
Question: How many international organizations made donations?
Answer: four |
Context: Many of the non-alphanumeric characters were positioned to correspond to their shifted position on typewriters; an important subtlety is that these were based on mechanical typewriters, not electric typewriters. Mechanical typewriters followed the standard set by the Remington No. 2 (1878), the first typewriter with a shift key, and the shifted values of 23456789- were "#$%_&'() – early typewriters omitted 0 and 1, using O (capital letter o) and l (lowercase letter L) instead, but 1! and 0) pairs became standard once 0 and 1 became common. Thus, in ASCII !"#$% were placed in second column, rows 1–5, corresponding to the digits 1–5 in the adjacent column. The parentheses could not correspond to 9 and 0, however, because the place corresponding to 0 was taken by the space character. This was accommodated by removing _ (underscore) from 6 and shifting the remaining characters left, which corresponded to many European typewriters that placed the parentheses with 8 and 9. This discrepancy from typewriters led to bit-paired keyboards, notably the Teletype Model 33, which used the left-shifted layout corresponding to ASCII, not to traditional mechanical typewriters. Electric typewriters, notably the more recently introduced IBM Selectric (1961), used a somewhat different layout that has become standard on computers—following the IBM PC (1981), especially Model M (1984)—and thus shift values for symbols on modern keyboards do not correspond as closely to the ASCII table as earlier keyboards did. The /? pair also dates to the No. 2, and the ,< .> pairs were used on some keyboards (others, including the No. 2, did not shift , (comma) or . (full stop) so they could be used in uppercase without unshifting). However, ASCII split the ;: pair (dating to No. 2), and rearranged mathematical symbols (varied conventions, commonly -* =+) to :* ;+ -=.
Question: When was the first typewritter with a shift key created?
Answer: 1878
Question: What were used instead of 0 and 1?
Answer: using O (capital letter o) and l (lowercase letter L) instead
Question: What layout did the Teletype Model 33 use?
Answer: which used the left-shifted layout corresponding to ASCII
Question: Do shift values for symbols on modern keyboards correspond closely to the ASCII table?
Answer: do not correspond as closely
Question: When was the first typewriter with a 0 key created?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were used instead of underscores?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What space character did the Teletype Model 33 use?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The world's largest deposit of natural bitumen, known as the Athabasca oil sands is located in the McMurray Formation of Northern Alberta. This formation is from the early Cretaceous, and is composed of numerous lenses of oil-bearing sand with up to 20% oil. Isotopic studies attribute the oil deposits to be about 110 million years old. Two smaller but still very large formations occur in the Peace River oil sands and the Cold Lake oil sands, to the west and southeast of the Athabasca oil sands, respectively. Of the Alberta bitumen deposits, only parts of the Athabasca oil sands are shallow enough to be suitable for surface mining. The other 80% has to be produced by oil wells using enhanced oil recovery techniques like steam-assisted gravity drainage.
Question: What is the name of the world's greatest deposit of bitumen?
Answer: Athabasca oil sands
Question: Where are the Athabasca oil sands located?
Answer: Northern Alberta
Question: What formative period produced bitumen?
Answer: early Cretaceous
Question: How old are the Athabasca deposits?
Answer: 110 million years
Question: What percentage of recovery of bitumen is by oil wells?
Answer: 80%
Question: Located in the McMurray Formation, what is the smallest deposit of natural bitumen known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Located in the Peace River, what is the largest deposit of natural bitumen known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The two largest formations occur in the oil sands of which river?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The two largest formations occur in the oil sands of which lake?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the other 70% produced by?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On July 17, 2012, the CRTC approved the shut down of CBC's analogue transmitters, noting that "while the Commission has the discretion to refuse to revoke broadcasting licences, even on application from a licensee, it cannot direct the CBC or any other broadcaster to continue to operate its stations and transmitters." On July 31, 2012, at around 11:59 p.m. in each time zone, the remaining 620 analogue transmitters were shut down, leaving the network with 27 digital television transmitters across the country, and some transmitters operated by some affiliated stations.
Question: On what date did the CTRC approve the shut down of CBC's analogue transmitters?
Answer: July 17, 2012
Question: On what date were CBC's remaining analogue transmitters shut down?
Answer: July 31, 2012
Question: How many analogue transmitters were shut down on July 31, 2012?
Answer: 620
Question: When did the CRTC order the shutdown of the analogue transmitters?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the CRTC shut down the 620 analogue transmitters?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many transmitters did the CRTC think were appropriate to leave operable?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the director of the CRTC regret not being able to do?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Southeastern Pennsylvania was assigned the 215 area code in 1947 when the North American Numbering Plan of the "Bell System" went into effect. The geographic area covered by the code was split nearly in half in 1994 when area code 610 was created, with the city and its northern suburbs retaining 215. Overlay area code 267 was added to the 215 service area in 1997, and 484 was added to the 610 area in 1999. A plan in 2001 to introduce a third overlay code to both service areas (area code 445 to 215, area code 835 to 610) was delayed and later rescinded.
Question: What area code is used in Philadelphia in 1947?
Answer: 215
Question: When was the 610 area code added?
Answer: 1994
Question: When was the 267 added?
Answer: 1997 |
Context: Higher education systems, that are influenced by the French education system set at the end of the 18th century, use a terminology derived by reference to the French École polytechnique. Such terms include Écoles Polytechniques (Algeria, Belgium, Canada, France, Switzerland, Tunisia), Escola Politécnica (Brasil, Spain), Polytechnicum (Eastern Europe).
Question: In Eastern Europe, what is the word for an institute of technology?
Answer: Polytechnicum
Question: What century in France's history included the French École polytechnique that influenced education systems in other countries?
Answer: 18th
Question: What term in Brasil and Spain refers to a polytechnic institute?
Answer: Escola Politécnica |
Context: Oklahoma City also has its share of very brutal crimes, particularly in the 1970s. The worst of which occurred in 1978, when six employees of a Sirloin Stockade restaurant on the city's south side were murdered execution-style in the restaurant's freezer. An intensive investigation followed, and the three individuals involved, who also killed three others in Purcell, Oklahoma, were identified. One, Harold Stafford, died in a motorcycle accident in Tulsa not long after the restaurant murders. Another, Verna Stafford, was sentenced to life without parole after being granted a new trial after she had previously been sentenced to death. Roger Dale Stafford, considered the mastermind of the murder spree, was executed by lethal injection at the Oklahoma State Penitentiary in 1995.
Question: When were six employees found dead in a restaurants freezer?
Answer: 1978
Question: When was Roger Dale Stafford executed?
Answer: 1995 |
Context: The most precarious of these quake-lakes was the one located in the extremely difficult terrain at Mount Tangjia in Beichuan County, Sichuan, accessible only by foot or air; an Mi-26T heavy lift helicopter belonging to the China Flying Dragon Special Aviation Company was used to bring heavy earthmoving tractors to the affected location. This operation was coupled with the work done by PLAAF Mi-17 helicopters bringing in PLA engineering corps, explosive specialists and other personnel to join 1,200 soldiers who arrived on site by foot. Five tons of fuel to operate the machinery was airlifted to the site, where a sluice was constructed to allow the safe discharge of the bottlenecked water. Downstream, more than 200,000 people were evacuated from Mianyang by June 1 in anticipation of the dam bursting.
Question: Where was the most precarious quake lake located?
Answer: Mount Tangjia in Beichuan County, Sichuan
Question: How could you only get to this quake lake?
Answer: by foot or air
Question: What machinery was airlifted into the location?
Answer: tractors
Question: How many people were evacuated downstream?
Answer: 200,000
Question: What was the fear that caused 200,000 people to be evacuated from Mianyang?
Answer: the dam bursting
Question: Where was the worst of the quake lakes located?
Answer: Mount Tangjia
Question: Where is Mount Tangjia?
Answer: Beichuan County, Sichuan
Question: How many soldiers had to travel to the area by foot?
Answer: 1,200 |
Context: The instruments used are a mixture of Anatolian and Central Asian instruments (the saz, the bağlama, the kemence), other Middle Eastern instruments (the ud, the tanbur, the kanun, the ney), and—later in the tradition—Western instruments (the violin and the piano). Because of a geographic and cultural divide between the capital and other areas, two broadly distinct styles of music arose in the Ottoman Empire: Ottoman classical music, and folk music. In the provinces, several different kinds of folk music were created. The most dominant regions with their distinguished musical styles are: Balkan-Thracian Türküs, North-Eastern (Laz) Türküs, Aegean Türküs, Central Anatolian Türküs, Eastern Anatolian Türküs, and Caucasian Türküs. Some of the distinctive styles were: Janissary Music, Roma music, Belly dance, Turkish folk music.
Question: What are the three most used Anatolian and central asian instruments in Ottoman Classical music?
Answer: the saz, the bağlama, the kemence
Question: Which Middle Eastern instruments can be heard in Ottoman classical music?
Answer: the ud, the tanbur, the kanun, the ney
Question: In late Ottoman classical music one can find Western instruments, what were they?
Answer: the violin and the piano
Question: There were two main style of music in the Ottoman empire, what were they?
Answer: classical music, and folk music
Question: What were the most distinctive style of music in the Ottoman provinces?
Answer: Janissary Music, Roma music, Belly dance, Turkish folk music |
Context: Paris is a city of books and bookstores. In the 1970s, 80 percent of French-language publishing houses were found in Paris, almost all on the Left Bank in the 5th, 6th and 7th arrondissements. Since that time, because of high prices, some publishers have moved out to the less expensive areas. It is also a city of small bookstores; There are about 150 bookstores in the 5th arrondissement alone, plus another 250 book stalls along the Seine. Small Paris bookstores are protected against competition from discount booksellers by French law; books, even e-books, cannot be discounted more than five percent below their publisher's cover price.
Question: What percentage of french publishing houses were in Paris in the 1970s?
Answer: 80
Question: Approximately how many bookstores are located in the 5th arrondissement?
Answer: 150
Question: How many bookstalls are located along the Seine?
Answer: 250
Question: What is the maximum amount a publishers book can be discounted?
Answer: five percent |
Context: The 25,000 cotton growers in the United States of America are heavily subsidized at the rate of $2 billion per year although China now provides the highest overall level of cotton sector support. The future of these subsidies is uncertain and has led to anticipatory expansion of cotton brokers' operations in Africa. Dunavant expanded in Africa by buying out local operations. This is only possible in former British colonies and Mozambique; former French colonies continue to maintain tight monopolies, inherited from their former colonialist masters, on cotton purchases at low fixed prices.
Question: How many subsidized cotton growers are in the US?
Answer: 25,000
Question: What is the rate of subsidies of cotton growers in the US?
Answer: $2 billion per year
Question: What country provides the highest rate of support for cotton growers?
Answer: China
Question: Which former colonies still have tight monopolies on cotton brokering?
Answer: French
Question: Where in Africa is it possible to buy out brokerages in cotton?
Answer: former British colonies
Question: How many subsidized cotton growers are in Africa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the rate of subsidies of cotton growers in Africa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country provides the highest rate of support for colonies?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which former colonies still have tight monopolies on colonies?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where in the United States is it possible to buy out brokerages in cotton?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Possible improvements include clarification of clinical trial regulations by FDA. Furthermore, appropriate economic incentives could persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in this endeavor. Antibiotic Development to Advance Patient Treatment (ADAPT) Act aims to fast track the drug development to combat the growing threat of 'superbugs'. Under this Act, FDA can approve antibiotics and antifungals treating life-threatening infections based on smaller clinical trials. The CDC will monitor the use of antibiotics and the emerging resistance, and publish the data. The FDA antibiotics labeling process, 'Susceptibility Test Interpretive Criteria for Microbial Organisms' or 'breakpoints', will provide accurate data to healthcare professionals. According to Allan Coukell, senior director for health programs at The Pew Charitable Trusts, "By allowing drug developers to rely on smaller datasets, and clarifying FDA's authority to tolerate a higher level of uncertainty for these drugs when making a risk/benefit calculation, ADAPT would make the clinical trials more feasible."
Question: Who regulates antibiotic approval?
Answer: FDA
Question: What could help to spur pharmaceuticals to make new antibiotics?
Answer: economic incentives
Question: What are resistant bacteria called in the media?
Answer: superbugs
Question: Who is a director at the Pew Charitable Trusts?
Answer: Allan Coukell,
Question: Who regulates infection approval?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What could help to spur pharmaceuticals to make new infections?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is a director at the FDA?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who will monitor the use of economic incentives?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who aims to fast track healthcare professionals?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop publishing and kept Apple as the second-largest PC manufacturer for the next decade. In the 1990s, improvements in the rival Wintel platform, notably with the introduction of Windows 3.0, then Windows 95, gradually took market share from the more expensive Macintosh systems. The performance advantage of 68000-based Macintosh systems was eroded by Intel's Pentium, and in 1994 Apple was relegated to third place as Compaq became the top PC manufacturer. Even after a transition to the superior PowerPC-based Power Macintosh (later renamed the PowerMac, in line with the PowerBook series) line in 1994, the falling prices of commodity PC components and the release of Windows 95 saw the Macintosh user base decline.
Question: What hindered the competetive ability of Apple when it was introduced?
Answer: expensive
Question: Where did Macintosh initially find success in the market?
Answer: education and desktop publishing
Question: Which platform, when improved in the 1990's, took market share from Macintosh?
Answer: Wintel
Question: What type of advantage did Intel's Pentium over Macintosh systems in the 1990's?
Answer: performance
Question: Who became the top PC manufacturer in 1994, leaving Apple in 3rd place?
Answer: Compaq
Question: What hindered the competetive ability of Microsoft when it was introduced?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Macintosh initially fail in the market?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which platform, when improved in the 1980's, took market share from Macintosh?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of advantage did Intel's Pentium over Macintosh systems in the 1980's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who became the top PC manufacturer in 1984, leaving Apple in 3rd place?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Formal membership varies between communities, but basic lay adherence is often defined in terms of a traditional formula in which the practitioner takes refuge in The Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings of the Buddha), and the Sangha (the Buddhist community). At the present time, the teachings of all three branches of Buddhism have spread throughout the world, and Buddhist texts are increasingly translated into local languages. While in the West Buddhism is often seen as exotic and progressive, in the East it is regarded as familiar and traditional. Buddhists in Asia are frequently well organized and well funded. In countries such as Cambodia and Bhutan, it is recognized as the state religion and receives government support. Modern influences increasingly lead to new forms of Buddhism that significantly depart from traditional beliefs and practices.
Question: What is the Dharma?
Answer: the teachings of the Buddha
Question: What is the Sangha?
Answer: the Buddhist community
Question: West Buddhism is often seen as exotic and what?
Answer: progressive
Question: New forms of Buddhism are created because of what reason?
Answer: Modern influences |
Context: Initially, the Turkish Cypriots favoured the continuation of the British rule. However, they were alarmed by the Greek Cypriot calls for enosis as they saw the union of Crete with Greece, which led to the exodus of Cretan Turks, as a precedent to be avoided, and they took a pro-partition stance in response to the militant activity of EOKA. The Turkish Cypriots also viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island and believed in their having a separate right to self-determination from Greek Cypriots. Meanwhile, in the 1950s, Turkish leader Menderes considered Cyprus an "extension of Anatolia", rejected the partition of Cyprus along ethnic lines and favoured the annexation of the whole island to Turkey. Nationalistic slogans centred on the idea that "Cyprus is Turkish" and the ruling party declared Cyprus to be a part of the Turkish homeland that was vital to its security. Upon realising the fact that the Turkish Cypriot population was only 20% of the islanders made annexation unfeasible, the national policy was changed to favour partition. The slogan "Partition or Death" was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot and Turkish protests starting in the late 1950s and continuing throughout the 1960s. Although after the Zürich and London conferences Turkey seemed to accept the existence of the Cypriot state and to distance itself from its policy of favouring the partition of the island, the goal of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot leaders remained that of creating an independent Turkish state in the northern part of the island.
Question: Initially Turkish Cypriots favoured the continued rule of what Western power?
Answer: British
Question: Who viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island of Cyprus?
Answer: Turkish Cypriots
Question: What percentage of the population did Turkish Cypriots make up?
Answer: 20%
Question: What slogan was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot protests?
Answer: "Partition or Death" |
Context: Only a few contemporary societies are classified as hunter-gatherers, and many supplement their foraging activity with horticulture and/or keeping animals.
Question: How many groups of modern hunter-gatherers are there?
Answer: Only a few
Question: What do modern hunter-gatherers use to produce food in addition to gathering?
Answer: horticulture and/or keeping animals
Question: Who uses agriculture and animal domestication to supplement their food?
Answer: hunter-gatherers
Question: Besides agriculture, how do gatherers add to their food supply?
Answer: keeping animals
Question: In addition to domesticated animals, how do gatherers supplement their food?
Answer: horticulture
Question: All of contemporary societies are classified as what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which societies replace foraging with horticulture and/or keeping animals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Only a few ancient societies are classified as what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: All societies supplement their foraging activity with what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many ancient societies kept animals?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The IANA time zone database maps a name to the named location's historical and predicted clock shifts. This database is used by many computer software systems, including most Unix-like operating systems, Java, and the Oracle RDBMS; HP's "tztab" database is similar but incompatible. When temporal authorities change DST rules, zoneinfo updates are installed as part of ordinary system maintenance. In Unix-like systems the TZ environment variable specifies the location name, as in TZ=':America/New_York'. In many of those systems there is also a system-wide setting that is applied if the TZ environment variable isn't set: this setting is controlled by the contents of the /etc/localtime file, which is usually a symbolic link or hard link to one of the zoneinfo files. Internal time is stored in timezone-independent epoch time; the TZ is used by each of potentially many simultaneous users and processes to independently localize time display.
Question: The IANA database works by connecting names to what information about the location?
Answer: historical and predicted clock shifts
Question: IANA, or zoneinfo, updates are installed as a part of what ordinary function when changes to DST policy are made?
Answer: system maintenance
Question: What environment variable defines a location's name?
Answer: TZ
Question: What format is used to store internal time in systems that use zoneinfo?
Answer: timezone-independent epoch time
Question: What's the name of the HP database that's similar to IANA but not compatible with it?
Answer: tztab |
Context: The 2010 maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births for Guinea Bissau was 1000. This compares with 804.3 in 2008 and 966 in 1990. The under 5 mortality rate, per 1,000 births, was 195 and the neonatal mortality as a percentage of under 5's mortality was 24. The number of midwives per 1,000 live births was 3; one out of eighteen pregnant women die as a result of pregnancy. According to a 2013 UNICEF report, 50% of women in Guinea Bissau had undergone female genital mutilation. In 2010, Guinea Bissau had the 7th highest maternal mortality rate in the world.
Question: What was the 2010 maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births?
Answer: 1000
Question: What was the 1990 maternal mortality rate per 100,000 births?
Answer: 966
Question: How many midwives are listed per 1,000 live births?
Answer: 3
Question: How many pregnant women die as a result of pregnancy?
Answer: one out of eighteen
Question: According to UNICEF, what percentage of women in Guinea-Bissau had undergone female genital mutilation?
Answer: 50% |
Context: Like the Pagan Empire, Ava, Hanthawaddy and the Shan states were all multi-ethnic polities. Despite the wars, cultural synchronisation continued. This period is considered a golden age for Burmese culture. Burmese literature "grew more confident, popular, and stylistically diverse", and the second generation of Burmese law codes as well as the earliest pan-Burma chronicles emerged. Hanthawaddy monarchs introduced religious reforms that later spread to the rest of the country. Many splendid temples of Mrauk U were built during this period.
Question: Was there more than one racial class in the organized societies of the states of Myanmar?
Answer: states were all multi-ethnic polities
Question: During what age did the culture of Myanmar grow?
Answer: This period is considered a golden age
Question: Who increased the spread of religious reforms in Myanmar?
Answer: Hanthawaddy monarchs
Question: Who is the monarch that has some of the most impressive built in their honor in the Myanmar
Answer: Mrauk U |
Context: The modern concept of an abstract group developed out of several fields of mathematics. The original motivation for group theory was the quest for solutions of polynomial equations of degree higher than 4. The 19th-century French mathematician Évariste Galois, extending prior work of Paolo Ruffini and Joseph-Louis Lagrange, gave a criterion for the solvability of a particular polynomial equation in terms of the symmetry group of its roots (solutions). The elements of such a Galois group correspond to certain permutations of the roots. At first, Galois' ideas were rejected by his contemporaries, and published only posthumously. More general permutation groups were investigated in particular by Augustin Louis Cauchy. Arthur Cayley's On the theory of groups, as depending on the symbolic equation θn = 1 (1854) gives the first abstract definition of a finite group.
Question: What modern concept was created from many fields of mathematics?
Answer: abstract group
Question: The journey for answers to polynomial equations of degree higher than 4 was the original motivation for what theory?
Answer: group theory
Question: Which French mathematician expanded on earlier work of Paolo Ruffini and Joseph-Louis Lagrange?
Answer: Évariste Galois
Question: Who developed a theory giving the first abstract definition of a finite group?
Answer: Arthur Cayley
Question: People were looking for polynomial equations under what number?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whose work did Paolo Ruffini and Joseph-Louis Lagrange base their work on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Augustin Louis Cauchy's nationality?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Arthur Cayley publish On the theory of groups?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What equation did Galois create that created an abstract definition?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many websites converted their home page to black and white; Sina.com and Sohu, major internet portals, limited their homepages to news items and removed all advertisements. Chinese video sharing websites Youku and Tudou displayed a black background and placed multiple videos showing earthquake footage and news reports. The Chinese version of MSN, cn.msn.com, also displayed banner ads about the earthquake and the relief efforts. Other entertainment websites, including various gaming sites, such as the Chinese servers for World of Warcraft, had shut down altogether, or had corresponding links to earthquake donations. After the moments of silence, in Tiananmen Square, crowds spontaneously burst out cheering various slogans, including "Long Live China". Casinos in Macau closed down.
Question: What colors did many websites convert their home pages to?
Answer: black and white
Question: What did internet portals remove from their home pages?
Answer: all advertisements
Question: Many of what shut down completely?
Answer: various gaming sites
Question: What did the crowds in Tiananmen Square do after the moment of silence?
Answer: burst out cheering
Question: What business closed in Macau?
Answer: Casinos |
Context: In the Alicante province Catalan is being replaced by Spanish, and in Alghero by Italian. There are also well ingrained diglossic attitudes against Catalan in the Valencian Community, Ibiza, and to a lesser extent, in the rest of the Balearic islands.
Question: What is Catalan being supplanted by in Alicante?
Answer: Spanish
Question: What is Catalan being replaced by in Alghero?
Answer: Italian
Question: What are the anti-Catalan attitudes in Valencia and Ibiza?
Answer: ingrained diglossic attitudes
Question: What is another expression for bilingual attitudes?
Answer: diglossic attitudes
Question: What is Spanish replacing in Alicante province?
Answer: Catalan |
Context: Plants depend on certain edaphic (soil) and climatic factors in their environment but can modify these factors too. For example, they can change their environment's albedo, increase runoff interception, stabilize mineral soils and develop their organic content, and affect local temperature. Plants compete with other organisms in their ecosystem for resources. They interact with their neighbours at a variety of spatial scales in groups, populations and communities that collectively constitute vegetation. Regions with characteristic vegetation types and dominant plants as well as similar abiotic and biotic factors, climate, and geography make up biomes like tundra or tropical rainforest.
Question: On what do plants depend in their environment?
Answer: edaphic (soil) and climatic factors
Question: How do plants interact with other species in their environment?
Answer: for resources
Question: What is the collection of plants in the environment called?
Answer: vegetation
Question: What are groupings of similar plants?
Answer: biomes |
Context: The actual substance of English law was formally "received" into the United States in several ways. First, all U.S. states except Louisiana have enacted "reception statutes" which generally state that the common law of England (particularly judge-made law) is the law of the state to the extent that it is not repugnant to domestic law or indigenous conditions. Some reception statutes impose a specific cutoff date for reception, such as the date of a colony's founding, while others are deliberately vague. Thus, contemporary U.S. courts often cite pre-Revolution cases when discussing the evolution of an ancient judge-made common law principle into its modern form, such as the heightened duty of care traditionally imposed upon common carriers.
Question: Reception statues are generally the same as what law?
Answer: the common law of England
Question: Who sites pre-revolution cases when discussion evolution of judge-made law?
Answer: contemporary U.S. courts
Question: Which US State did not enact reception statues?
Answer: Louisiana
Question: What is the only state to not enact reception statutes?
Answer: Louisiana
Question: What do reception statutes state is the law of the state?
Answer: common law of England
Question: Some reception statutes impose what?
Answer: a specific cutoff date
Question: Modern courts often cite which period in history cases when discussing changes in law?
Answer: pre-Revolution
Question: What are reception statutes?
Answer: the common law of England (particularly judge-made law) is the law of the state
Question: When are reception statutes invaild?
Answer: repugnant to domestic law or indigenous conditions
Question: Where did the bulk of the US's starting laws come from?
Answer: English law
Question: Which is the only stste without reception statutes?
Answer: Louisiana
Question: What kind of case would a contemporary lawyer discuss when talking about an ancient judge-made common law principle?
Answer: pre-Revolution
Question: What is the only US state to have a reception statute?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What form of English law has been considered repugnant to the US?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What specific date did Louisiana chose as a cutoff date?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cases have contemporary courts thrown out?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Lowered duty of care is placed on what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.
Question: Who instigated the Prussian reforms?
Answer: Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg
Question: What was included in the reform?
Answer: emancipation of the serfs and Jews
Question: In what year was East and West Prussia first united?
Answer: 1824
Question: When did East and West Prussia split again?
Answer: 1878
Question: Who was the leader of the Province of Prussia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who led the East Prussian province in 1878?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who led the West Prussian province in 1878?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the northern districts of East Prussia form in 1905?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Sometimes, poly-sided matches that pit every one for themselves will incorporate tagging rules. Outside of kayfabe, this is done to give wrestlers a break from the action (as these matches tend to go on for long periods of time), and to make the action in the ring easier to choreograph. One of the most mainstream examples of this is the four-corner match, the most common type of match in the WWE before it was replaced with its equivalent fatal four-way; four wrestlers, each for themselves, fight in a match, but only two wrestlers can be in the match at any given time. The other two are positioned in the corner, and tags can be made between any two wrestlers.
Question: Why are tagging rules made?
Answer: this is done to give wrestlers a break from the action
Question: What happens in a fatal four-way?
Answer: four wrestlers, each for themselves, fight in a match, but only two wrestlers can be in the match at any given time.
Question: In a fatal four-way, who can make tags?
Answer: tags can be made between any two wrestlers.
Question: What was the most common type of match before the fatal four-way?
Answer: four-corner match |
Context: Cycling is popular in Tucson due to its flat terrain and dry climate. Tucson and Pima County maintain an extensive network of marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths. The Loop is a network of seven linear parks comprising over 100 mi (160 km) of paved, vehicle-free trails that encircles the majority of the city with links to Marana and Oro Valley. The Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee (TPCBAC) serves in an advisory capacity to local governments on issues relating to bicycle recreation, transportation, and safety. Tucson was awarded a gold rating for bicycle-friendliness by the League of American Bicyclists in 2006.
Question: Why is cycling popular in Tucson?
Answer: its flat terrain and dry climate
Question: What is The Loop?
Answer: a network of seven linear parks
Question: How many miles of trails are in The Loop?
Answer: over 100
Question: What organization advises the Tucson government on bike concerns?
Answer: Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee
Question: What kind of places to ride bikes does Tucson have?
Answer: marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths |
Context: The tide-predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872 was of great utility to navigation in shallow waters. It used a system of pulleys and wires to automatically calculate predicted tide levels for a set period at a particular location.
Question: When was the tide-predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson invented?
Answer: 1872
Question: Who invented the first tide-predicting machine in 1872?
Answer: Sir William Thomson
Question: What did Sir William Thomson's tide-predicting machine use to function?
Answer: system of pulleys and wires |
Context: In June 1854, the Allied expeditionary force landed at Varna, a city on the Black Sea's western coast (now in Bulgaria). They made little advance from their base there.:175–176 In July 1854, the Turks under Omar Pasha crossed the Danube into Wallachia and on 7 July 1854, engaged the Russians in the city of Giurgiu and conquered it. The capture of Giurgiu by the Turks immediately threatened Bucharest in Wallachia with capture by the same Turk army. On 26 July 1854, Tsar Nicholas I ordered the withdrawal of Russian troops from the Principalities. Also, in late July 1854, following up on the Russian retreat, the French staged an expedition against the Russian forces still in Dobruja, but this was a failure.:188–190
Question: The city of Varna is located on what coast of the Black Sea?
Answer: western coast
Question: Who lead the Turks when crossing the Danube into Wallachia ?
Answer: Omar Pasha
Question: In what year did the Turks cross the Danube into Wallachia ?
Answer: 1854
Question: In what city did Omar Pasha attack the Russians after crossing the Danube into Wallachia ?
Answer: Giurgiu
Question: The ordered the Russian troops to leave the Principalities?
Answer: Tsar Nicholas I |
Context: In Canada, the term "football" may refer to Canadian football and American football collectively, or to either sport specifically, depending on context. The two sports have shared origins and are closely related but have significant differences. In particular, Canadian football has 12 players on the field per team rather than 11; the field is roughly 10 yards wider, and 10 yards longer between end-zones that are themselves 10 yards deeper; and a team has only three downs to gain 10 yards, which results in less offensive rushing than in the American game. In the Canadian game all players on the defending team, when a down begins, must be at least 1 yard from the line of scrimmage. (The American game has a similar "neutral zone" but it is only the length of the football.)
Question: Which North American version of football calls for 12 player per side on the field?
Answer: Canadian
Question: How many yards wider is a Canadian football field than an American football field?
Answer: 10
Question: Which version of North American football has smaller end zones?
Answer: American
Question: How many downs does a team have to advance ten yards in Canadian football?
Answer: three
Question: How far away from the line of scrimmage must Canadian football defenders be?
Answer: 1 yard
Question: In America what term is used for both Canadian foobal and Americam football
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: An American football field is how much wider than a Canadian football field?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Canadian and American football have the same number of what on the field?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: American football players have three downs to do what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The American football defenders must be one you are from what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which version of North American football has a smaller football?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has shared players and is closely related with differences?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In American football how many downs are needed to gain 10 yards?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When a down begins, how far away must the American defending team be?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What causes the American game to have less offensive rushing?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On July 19, 2013, West was leaving LAX as he was surrounded by dozens of paparazzi. West became increasingly agitated as a photographer, Daniel Ramos, continued to ask him why people were not allowed to speak in his presence. West then says, "I told you don't talk to me, right? You trying to get me in trouble so I steal off on you and have to pay you like $250,000 and shit." Then he allegedly charged the man and grabbed him and his camera. The incident captured by TMZ, took place for a few seconds before a female voice can be heard telling West to stop. West then released the man, and his camera, and drove away from the scene. Medics were later called to the scene on behalf of the photographer who was grabbed. It was reported West could be charged with felony attempted robbery behind the matter. However, the charges were reduced to misdemeanor criminal battery and attempted grand theft. In March 2014, West was sentenced to serve two years' probation for the misdemeanor battery conviction and required to attend 24 anger management sessions, perform 250 hours of community service and pay restitution to Ramos.
Question: What paparazzi member did Kanye attack at LAX in 2013?
Answer: Daniel Ramos
Question: What was Kanye convicted for after his paparazzi attack?
Answer: misdemeanor criminal battery and attempted grand theft
Question: What was the name of the man who was hassling West outside of LAX that West later attacked?
Answer: Daniel Ramos
Question: How many years' probation was Kanye supposed to serve for this altercation?
Answer: 2
Question: He had to attend 24 sessions of what kind of therapy?
Answer: anger management
Question: How many hours of community service did Kanye receive?
Answer: 250 |
Context: In conformation shows, also referred to as breed shows, a judge familiar with the specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type as described in the breed standard. As the breed standard only deals with the externally observable qualities of the dog (such as appearance, movement, and temperament), separately tested qualities (such as ability or health) are not part of the judging in conformation shows.
Question: What are conformation shows also known as?
Answer: breed shows
Question: Who evaluates dogs at breed shows?
Answer: a judge
Question: What is the judge looking for in specific breeds?
Answer: conformity with their established breed
Question: What is the only standard judged?
Answer: externally observable qualities
Question: What is another word for "breed shows"?
Answer: conformation shows.
Question: What is the evaluator called in a breed show?
Answer: a judge
Question: The breed standard only is about what?
Answer: externally observable qualities
Question: Abilities and what else are not tested at breed shows?
Answer: health |
Context: The conventional merit-system degree is currently not as common in open education as it is in campus universities, although some open universities do already offer conventional degrees such as the Open University in the United Kingdom. Presently, many of the major open education sources offer their own form of certificate. Due to the popularity of open education, these new kind of academic certificates are gaining more respect and equal "academic value" to traditional degrees. Many open universities are working to have the ability to offer students standardized testing and traditional degrees and credentials. A culture is beginning to form around distance learning for people who are looking to social connections enjoyed on traditional campuses. For example, students may create study groups, meetups and movements such as UnCollege.
Question: What is not as common in open education?
Answer: merit-system degree
Question: Which University offers conventional degrees?
Answer: Open University in the United Kingdom
Question: What do most open education sources offer?
Answer: own form of certificate
Question: What is common in open education?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which University do not offer conventional degrees?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do open education sources never offer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do not have equal academic value?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is no longer forming around distance learning?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Russia experienced territorial growth through the 17th century, which was the age of Cossacks. Cossacks were warriors organized into military communities, resembling pirates and pioneers of the New World. In 1648, the peasants of Ukraine joined the Zaporozhian Cossacks in rebellion against Poland-Lithuania during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, because of the social and religious oppression they suffered under Polish rule. In 1654 the Ukrainian leader, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, offered to place Ukraine under the protection of the Russian Tsar, Aleksey I. Aleksey's acceptance of this offer led to another Russo-Polish War (1654–1667). Finally, Ukraine was split along the river Dnieper, leaving the western part (or Right-bank Ukraine) under Polish rule and eastern part (Left-bank Ukraine and Kiev) under Russian. Later, in 1670–71 the Don Cossacks led by Stenka Razin initiated a major uprising in the Volga region, but the Tsar's troops were successful in defeating the rebels. In the east, the rapid Russian exploration and colonisation of the huge territories of Siberia was led mostly by Cossacks hunting for valuable furs and ivory. Russian explorers pushed eastward primarily along the Siberian river routes, and by the mid-17th century there were Russian settlements in the Eastern Siberia, on the Chukchi Peninsula, along the Amur River, and on the Pacific coast. In 1648 the Bering Strait between Asia and North America was passed for the first time by Fedot Popov and Semyon Dezhnyov.
Question: When did Russia experience territorial growth?
Answer: the 17th century
Question: The 17th century is also known as?
Answer: age of Cossacks.
Question: Who are Cossacks?
Answer: warriors organized into military communities
Question: Who joined the Cossacks in 1648?
Answer: peasants of Ukraine
Question: Why dd the Peasants of Ukraine join the Cossacks?
Answer: in rebellion against Poland-Lithuania |
Context: Monastic reform inspired change in the secular church. The ideals that it was based upon were brought to the papacy by Pope Leo IX (pope 1049–1054), and provided the ideology of the clerical independence that led to the Investiture Controversy in the late 11th century. This involved Pope Gregory VII (pope 1073–85) and Emperor Henry IV, who initially clashed over episcopal appointments, a dispute that turned into a battle over the ideas of investiture, clerical marriage, and simony. The emperor saw the protection of the Church as one of his responsibilities as well as wanting to preserve the right to appoint his own choices as bishops within his lands, but the papacy insisted on the Church's independence from secular lords. These issues remained unresolved after the compromise of 1122 known as the Concordat of Worms. The dispute represents a significant stage in the creation of a papal monarchy separate from and equal to lay authorities. It also had the permanent consequence of empowering German princes at the expense of the German emperors.
Question: During what century did the Investiture Controversy occur?
Answer: 11th
Question: When did the reign of Pope Leo IX begin?
Answer: 1049
Question: What pope was involved in the Investiture Controversy?
Answer: Pope Gregory VII
Question: In what year was the Concordat of Worms agreed to?
Answer: 1122
Question: What secular rulers did the Concordat of Worms increase the power of?
Answer: German princes |
Context: There is consensus that the military regime in Myanmar is one of the world's most repressive and abusive regimes. In November 2012, Samantha Power, Barack Obama's Special Assistant to the President on Human Rights, wrote on the White House blog in advance of the president's visit that "Serious human rights abuses against civilians in several regions continue, including against women and children." Members of the United Nations and major international human rights organisations have issued repeated and consistent reports of widespread and systematic human rights violations in Myanmar. The United Nations General Assembly has repeatedly called on the Burmese Military Junta to respect human rights and in November 2009 the General Assembly adopted a resolution "strongly condemning the ongoing systematic violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms" and calling on the Burmese Military Regime "to take urgent measures to put an end to violations of international human rights and humanitarian law."
Question: What is the general view of Burma ?
Answer: military regime in Myanmar is one of the world's most repressive and abusive regimes
Question: Who is Samantha Power?
Answer: Barack Obama's Special Assistant to the President on Human Rights
Question: What did Ms Powers write concerning Burma ?
Answer: "Serious human rights abuses against civilians in several regions continue, including against women and children |
Context: Relying exclusively on unedited machine translation, however, ignores the fact that communication in human language is context-embedded and that it takes a person to comprehend the context of the original text with a reasonable degree of probability. It is certainly true that even purely human-generated translations are prone to error; therefore, to ensure that a machine-generated translation will be useful to a human being and that publishable-quality translation is achieved, such translations must be reviewed and edited by a human.
Question: Unedited machine translation will miss what crucial aspect of human language?
Answer: context-embedded
Question: What does it take a person to be able to do?
Answer: comprehend the context of the original text
Question: What can even translations completely done by a human still be prone to?
Answer: error
Question: How must machine translations be transformed by a human?
Answer: reviewed and edited
Question: What crucial aspect of human language will be missed from edited alien translation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does it take an animal to be able to do?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can translations completely done by a human not be prone to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How must machine translations be transformed by a robot?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: New York City has more than 2,000 arts and cultural organizations and more than 500 art galleries of all sizes. The city government funds the arts with a larger annual budget than the National Endowment for the Arts. Wealthy business magnates in the 19th century built a network of major cultural institutions, such as the famed Carnegie Hall and The Metropolitan Museum of Art, that would become internationally established. The advent of electric lighting led to elaborate theater productions, and in the 1880s, New York City theaters on Broadway and along 42nd Street began featuring a new stage form that became known as the Broadway musical. Strongly influenced by the city's immigrants, productions such as those of Harrigan and Hart, George M. Cohan, and others used song in narratives that often reflected themes of hope and ambition.
Question: The Broadway Musical began in what decade?
Answer: 1880s
Question: Approximately how many galleries of art are in New York City?
Answer: 500
Question: Along with Broadway, what New York thoroughfare is associated with Broadway musicals?
Answer: 42nd Street
Question: Who was Hart's writing partner?
Answer: Harrigan
Question: About how many cultural and artistic organizations are in New York City?
Answer: 2,000
Question: What technological development led resulted in elaborate stage productions?
Answer: electric lighting |
Context: Many other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One noteworthy example of this trend is the golf club commonly known as the wood, the head of which was traditionally made of persimmon wood in the early days of the game of golf, but is now generally made of synthetic materials.
Question: What pieces of equipment for shooting arrows used to be wooden?
Answer: archery bows
Question: Which pieces of ice hockey equipment were once made out of wood?
Answer: sticks
Question: When the golf club called the "wood" was actually made out of it, what type of wood was used?
Answer: persimmon
Question: What is the golf club known as the "wood" usually made out of today?
Answer: synthetic materials
Question: What other modern material has joined composites, carbon fiber, titanium, and aluminum to replace wood in the manufacture of sporting equipment?
Answer: fiberglass |
Context: Special units, such as KGr 100, became the Beleuchtergruppe (Firelighter Group), which used incendiaries and high explosive to mark the target area. The tactic was expanded into Feuerleitung (Blaze Control) with the creation of Brandbombenfelder (Incendiary Fields) to mark targets. These were marked out by parachute flares. Then bombers carrying SC 1000 (1,000 kg (2,205 lb)), SC 1400 (1,400 kg (3,086 lb)), and SC 1800 (1,800 kg (3,968 lb)) "Satan" bombs were used to level streets and residential areas. By December, the SC 2500 (2,500 kg (5,512 lb)) "Max" bomb was used.
Question: What was the group that used incendiaries and high explosives to mark targets?
Answer: Beleuchtergruppe
Question: The Feuerleitung (Blaze Control) tactic led to what creation for marking targets?
Answer: Brandbombenfelder (Incendiary Fields)
Question: What was the nickname of bombs used in streets and residential areas?
Answer: "Satan"
Question: What was the weight of the "Max" bomb?
Answer: 2,500 kg (5,512 lb) |
Context: Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Court, and suspended the constitution.
Question: Along with Jama Korshel, who led the Supreme Revolutionary Council?
Answer: Salaad Gabeyre Kediye
Question: What was Jama Korshel's title?
Answer: Chief of Police
Question: What was the military rank of Salaad Gabeyre Kediye?
Answer: Lieutenant Colonel
Question: What name did the Supreme Revolutionary Council give to Somalia?
Answer: the Somali Democratic Republic
Question: Along with dissolving the Supreme Court and parliament, what action did the Supreme Revolutionary Council take?
Answer: suspended the constitution |
Context: American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.
Question: How many different countries air American Idol on television?
Answer: over 100
Question: What network broadcasted American Idol live in Canada for thirteen seasons?
Answer: CTV
Question: In what year did CTV stop showing live broadcasts of American Idol?
Answer: 2014
Question: What Canadian network began airing American Idol in 2015?
Answer: Yes TV
Question: How many nations receive the Idol broadcast?
Answer: over 100
Question: Who aired the first thirteen seasons in Canada?
Answer: CTV and/or CTV Two
Question: Who stated in August 2014 that they picked up the rights beginning in its 2015 season?
Answer: Yes TV |
Context: Missionary efforts to Scandinavia during the 9th and 10th centuries helped strengthen the growth of kingdoms such as Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, which gained power and territory. Some kings converted to Christianity, although not all by 1000. Scandinavians also expanded and colonised throughout Europe. Besides the settlements in Ireland, England, and Normandy, further settlement took place in what became Russia and in Iceland. Swedish traders and raiders ranged down the rivers of the Russian steppe, and even attempted to seize Constantinople in 860 and 907. Christian Spain, initially driven into a small section of the peninsula in the north, expanded slowly south during the 9th and 10th centuries, establishing the kingdoms of Asturias and León.
Question: Along with Sweden and Norway, what country saw missionary activity in the 9th and 10th centuries?
Answer: Denmark
Question: Along with 860, in what year did Swedish raiders attempt to conquer Constantinople?
Answer: 907
Question: Along with the kingdom of León, what Spanish kingdom was established during this period?
Answer: Asturias
Question: Along with Iceland, Normandy, Ireland and England, what other area did Scandinavians colonize during this period?
Answer: Russia |
Context: By the 1980s, parents of mixed-race children (and adults of mixed-race ancestry) began to organize and lobby for the ability to show more than one ethnic category on Census and other legal forms. They refused to be put into just one category. When the U.S. government proposed the addition of the category of "bi-racial" or "multiracial" in 1988, the response from the general public was mostly negative. Some African-American organizations and political leaders, such as Senator Diane Watson and Representative Augustus Hawkins, were particularly vocal in their rejection of the category. They feared a loss in political and economic power if African Americans abandoned their one category.
Question: When did people lobby for allowing more than one category to be selected on legal forms?
Answer: the 1980s
Question: How did the public react to the categories of "bi-racial" and "multiracial"?
Answer: mostly negative
Question: Which political leaders spoke out against the proposed designations?
Answer: Senator Diane Watson and Representative Augustus Hawkins
Question: What did they fear would happen?
Answer: a loss in political and economic power
Question: Who lobbied for the ability to show more than one ethnic category on legal forms before the 1980s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the U.S. government propose that people were happy about?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did the U.S. government propose getting rid of a multiracial category?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What politician was in favor of the multiracial category?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who would gain power from abandoning their one category?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Official figures (as of July 21, 2008 12:00 CST) stated that 69,197 were confirmed dead, including 68,636 in Sichuan province, and 374,176 injured, with 18,222 listed as missing. The earthquake left about 4.8 million people homeless, though the number could be as high as 11 million. Approximately 15 million people lived in the affected area. It was the deadliest earthquake to hit China since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed at least 240,000 people, and the strongest in the country since the 1950 Chayu earthquake, which registered at 8.5 on the Richter magnitude scale. It is the 21st deadliest earthquake of all time. On November 6, 2008, the central government announced that it would spend 1 trillion RMB (about US $146.5 billion) over the next three years to rebuild areas ravaged by the earthquake, as part of the Chinese economic stimulus program.
Question: How many people were confirmed dead?
Answer: 69,197
Question: How many people were confirmed dead only in the Sichuan province?
Answer: 68,636
Question: How many people were left homeless because of the earthquake?
Answer: 4.8 million
Question: How many people lived in the affected area?
Answer: 15 million
Question: How much money was dedicated to rebuild ravaged areas?
Answer: 1 trillion RMB
Question: How many people died in Sichuan Province?
Answer: 68,636
Question: How many were injured in Sichuan?
Answer: 374,176
Question: How many people are listed as missing?
Answer: 18,222
Question: How many people are homeless because of the quake?
Answer: 4.8 million
Question: How high could the homeless number possibly go?
Answer: 11 million |
Context: 220th Street is the highest numbered street on Manhattan Island. Marble Hill is also within the borough of Manhattan, so the highest street number in the borough is 228th Street. However, the numbering continues in the Bronx up to 263rd Street. The lowest number is East First Street—which runs in Alphabet City near East Houston Street—as well as First Place in Battery Park City.
Question: What is the highest numbered street on Manhattan Island?
Answer: 220th Street
Question: What is the highest street number within the borough of Manhattan?
Answer: 228
Question: What is the highest street number in the Bronx?
Answer: 263
Question: Where is First Place located?
Answer: Battery Park City
Question: Where is East First Street located?
Answer: Alphabet City |
Context: Other states with long histories of no death penalty include Wisconsin (the only state with only one execution), Rhode Island (although later reintroduced, it was unused and abolished again), Maine, North Dakota, Minnesota, West Virginia, Iowa, and Vermont. The District of Columbia has also abolished the death penalty; it was last used in 1957. Oregon abolished the death penalty through an overwhelming majority in a 1964 public referendum but reinstated it in a 1984 joint death penalty/life imprisonment referendum by an even higher margin after a similar 1978 referendum succeeded but was not implemented due to judicial rulings.
Question: What state has had only a single execution?
Answer: Wisconsin
Question: When was the last person executed in the District of Columbia?
Answer: 1957
Question: When did Oregon reinstate the death penalty?
Answer: 1984
Question: In what year did an Oregon referendum succeed in restoring the death penalty, only to be shot down due to a court ruling?
Answer: 1978
Question: What state notably abolished the death penalty and then reintroduced it, but didn't use it again?
Answer: Rhode Island
Question: What state has had only a double execution?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the first person executed in the District of Columbia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Oregon reject the death penalty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did an Oregon referendum succeed in restoring the death penalty, only to be passed due to a court ruling?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What state notably abolished the death penalty and then reintroduced it, and used it frequently?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The area's many universities and colleges make Philadelphia a top international study destination, as the city has evolved into an educational and economic hub. With a gross domestic product of $388 billion, Philadelphia ranks ninth among world cities and fourth in the nation. Philadelphia is the center of economic activity in Pennsylvania and is home to seven Fortune 1000 companies. The Philadelphia skyline is growing, with several nationally prominent skyscrapers. The city is known for its arts, culture, and history, attracting over 39 million domestic tourists in 2013. Philadelphia has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city, and Fairmount Park is the largest landscaped urban park in the world. The 67 National Historic Landmarks in the city helped account for the $10 billion generated by tourism. Philadelphia is the birthplace of the United States Marine Corps, and is also the home of many U.S. firsts, including the first library (1731), first hospital (1751) and medical school (1765), first Capitol (1777), first stock exchange (1790), first zoo (1874), and first business school (1881). Philadelphia is the only World Heritage City in the United States.
Question: What is the GDP of the city?
Answer: $388 billion
Question: Where does it rank in comparison to other US cities in GDP?
Answer: fourth
Question: How many Fortune 500 companies call Philadelpia home?
Answer: seven
Question: How many domestic tourists visit annually?
Answer: 39 million
Question: What branch of the US military was born in Philadelphia?
Answer: United States Marine Corps |
Context: The first European to visit the region was Portuguese-born explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo sailing under the flag of Castile. Sailing his flagship San Salvador from Navidad, New Spain, Cabrillo claimed the bay for the Spanish Empire in 1542, and named the site 'San Miguel'. In November 1602, Sebastián Vizcaíno was sent to map the California coast. Arriving on his flagship San Diego, Vizcaíno surveyed the harbor and what are now Mission Bay and Point Loma and named the area for the Catholic Saint Didacus, a Spaniard more commonly known as San Diego de Alcalá. On November 12, 1602, the first Christian religious service of record in Alta California was conducted by Friar Antonio de la Ascensión, a member of Vizcaíno's expedition, to celebrate the feast day of San Diego.
Question: Who was sent to survey the California coast in 1602?
Answer: Sebastián Vizcaíno
Question: What was the name of Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo's ship?
Answer: San Salvador
Question: Who was the harbor named for?
Answer: Catholic Saint Didacus
Question: Who conducted the first Christian service to be recorded in Alta?
Answer: Friar Antonio de la Ascensión
Question: Where did Cabrillo leave from to embark on his journey to the West Coast?
Answer: Navidad, New Spain
Question: Who was sent to survey the California coast in 1620?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo's car?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who wasn't the harbor named for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who conducted the last Christian service to be recorded in Alta?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Cabrillo leave from to embark on his journey to the East Coast?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Pelayos' plan was to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors. He then aimed to regroup the Iberian Peninsula's Christian armies and use the Cantabrian mountains as a springboard from which to regain their lands from the Moors. In the process, after defeating the Moors in the Battle of Covadonga in 722 AD, Pelayos was proclaimed king, thus founding the Christian Kingdom of Asturias and starting the war of Christian reconquest known in Portuguese as the Reconquista Cristã.
Question: What was Pelayos' plan?
Answer: to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors
Question: Against which group of people was Pelayos fighting?
Answer: Moors
Question: In which battle did Pelayos defeat the Moors?
Answer: Battle of Covadonga
Question: In which year was Pelayos proclaimed king?
Answer: 722 AD
Question: What was the war of Christian reconquest, started by Pelayos, known as in Portugese?
Answer: Reconquista Cristã |
Context: If any boy produces an outstanding piece of work, it may be "Sent Up For Good", storing the effort in the College Archives for posterity. This award has been around since the 18th century. As Sending Up For Good is fairly infrequent, the process is rather mysterious to many of Eton's boys. First, the master wishing to Send Up For Good must gain the permission of the relevant Head of Department. Upon receiving his or her approval, the piece of work will be marked with Sent Up For Good and the student will receive a card to be signed by House Master, tutor and division master.
Question: What action results in something being "Sent Up For Good?"
Answer: If any boy produces an outstanding piece of work
Question: What does a student receive when work is Sent Up For Good?
Answer: a card
Question: When a student has work Sent Up For Good, who signs the card that they receive?
Answer: House Master, tutor and division master
Question: Where is work that has been Sent Up For Good stored?
Answer: College Archives
Question: How many pieces of work are Sent Up For Good each decade on average?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Head of Department are there at Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What process at Eton is as clear as day to most Eton boys?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who takes the Sending Up For Good piece of work to the College Archives?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The battle secured the beachheads of the U.S. Sixth Army on Leyte against attack from the sea, broke the back of Japanese naval power and opened the way for an advance to the Ryukyu Islands in 1945. The only significant Japanese naval operation afterwards was the disastrous Operation Ten-Go in April 1945. Kurita's force had begun the battle with five battleships; when he returned to Japan, only Yamato was combat-worthy. Nishimura's sunken Yamashiro was the last battleship in history to engage another in combat.
Question: What were the Leyte beachheads of the U.S. Sixth Army secured from?
Answer: attack from the sea
Question: When did Operation Ten-Go occur?
Answer: April 1945
Question: How many battleships did Kurita begin Operation Ten-Go with?
Answer: five
Question: What was the last battleship in history to engage in combat with another battleship?
Answer: Yamashiro
Question: Which battleship was still capable of combat when Kurita returned to Japan?
Answer: Yamato |
Context: The early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-called European "settlers," who in turn wanted to expand the settlement. The heart of the city was fortified according to a 1704 plan by Governor Johnson. Except those fronting Cooper River, the walls were largely removed during the 1720s.
Question: Which country along with France contested England's claim to the Charleston region?
Answer: Spain
Question: Which group raided the settlement as a means to protect themselves from settlers?
Answer: Native Americans
Question: Whose 1704 plan was used to fortified the city?
Answer: Governor Johnson
Question: The majority of the fort walls were removed in what decade?
Answer: 1720s
Question: Beside European nations and Native Americans, who else attacked the Charleston settlement?
Answer: pirates
Question: Which country along with France accepted England's claim to the Charleston region?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which group raided the settlement as a means to protect themselves from police?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Whose 1740 plan was used to fortified the city?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The minority of the fort walls were removed in what decade?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Beside European nations and Native Americans, who else protected the Charleston settlement?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013. In October 2014, the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York for US$1.95 billion, making it the world's most expensive hotel ever sold.
Question: About how many hotel rooms are there in Manhattan?
Answer: 90,000
Question: What was the percentage increase of Manhattan hotel rooms between 2013 and 2014?
Answer: 10%
Question: Who owns the Waldorf Astoria?
Answer: Anbang Insurance Group
Question: What was the October 2014 purchase price of the Waldorf Astoria?
Answer: US$1.95 billion
Question: The hotel that sold for the most money in 2014 was which in NYC?
Answer: Waldorf Astoria New York
Question: How many hotel rooms are located in NYC as of the end of 2014?
Answer: 90,000
Question: Who bought the Waldorf Astoria hotel in NYC in 2014?
Answer: Anbang Insurance Group
Question: The Waldorf Astoria hotel sold for how many dollars?
Answer: 1.95 billion |
Context: In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ownership of Oswald cartoons produced for them by Walter Lantz from 1929 to 1943.
Question: Who bought the Oswald the Lucky Rabbit cartoons in 2006?
Answer: Disney
Question: Who was 2006 seller of the Oswald cartoons?
Answer: NBC Universal
Question: What notable figure worked as a sportscaster for ABC?
Answer: Al Michaels
Question: Who began producing Oswald cartoons for Universal in 1929?
Answer: Walter Lantz
Question: In what year did Walter Lantz cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?
Answer: 1943
Question: What did NBC Universal sell in 2008?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did NBC Universal do after 60 years?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What NBC sportscaster did Disney release from contract?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Universal retain ownership of from 1923 to 1949?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The phenomenon known as "passing as white" is difficult to explain in other countries or to foreign students. Typical questions are: "Shouldn't Americans say that a person who is passing as white is white, or nearly all white, and has previously been passing as black?" or "To be consistent, shouldn't you say that someone who is one-eighth white is passing as black?" ... A person who is one-fourth or less American Indian or Korean or Filipino is not regarded as passing if he or she intermarries with and joins fully the life of the dominant community, so the minority ancestry need not be hidden. ... It is often suggested that the key reason for this is that the physical differences between these other groups and whites are less pronounced than the physical differences between African blacks and whites, and therefore are less threatening to whites. ... [W]hen ancestry in one of these racial minority groups does not exceed one-fourth, a person is not defined solely as a member of that group.
Question: A person is not a member of a racial minority if ancetry does not what?
Answer: exceed one-fourth
Question: Who are consdered to have the most physical differences?
Answer: African blacks and whites
Question: What are groups other than blacks considered to be?
Answer: less threatening to whites
Question: What is easy to explain to people in other countries?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is considered more threatening to African blacks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When is a person defined solely as a member of a racial minority?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is it easy to explain "passing as white" to?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989.
Question: Where were the first isps established?
Answer: Australia and the United States
Question: where was the first commercial isp in the us located?
Answer: Brookline, Massachusetts
Question: when was the first commercial isp customer served?
Answer: November 1989
Question: when were the first commercial isps established?
Answer: 1989
Question: what was the name of the first commercial isp in the us?
Answer: The World
Question: Where was the first ISP S established in 1999?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was established in Boston Massachusetts?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of the first private ISP?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the world do in 1999?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The standard home video LaserDisc was 30 cm (12 in) in diameter and made up of two single-sided aluminum discs layered in plastic. Although appearing similar to compact discs or DVDs, LaserDiscs used analog video stored in the composite domain (having a video bandwidth approximately equivalent to the 1-inch (25 mm) C-Type VTR format) with analog FM stereo sound and PCM digital audio. The LaserDisc at its most fundamental level was still recorded as a series of pits and lands much like CDs, DVDs, and even Blu-ray Discs are today. However, while the encoding is of a binary nature, the information is encoded as analog pulse width modulation with a 50% duty cycle, where the information is contained in the lengths and spacing of the pits. In true digital media the pits, or their edges, directly represent 1s and 0s of a binary digital information stream. Early LaserDiscs featured in 1978 were entirely analog but the format evolved to incorporate digital stereo sound in CD format (sometimes with a TOSlink or coax output to feed an external DAC), and later multi-channel formats such as Dolby Digital and DTS.
Question: How large was a standard LaserDisc?
Answer: 30 cm (12 in) in diameter
Question: What numbers are used in Binary information coding?
Answer: 1s and 0s
Question: Were the ealiest LaserDiscs in 1978 analog or digitally formatted?
Answer: analog |
Context: In the subtractive color system, used in painting and color printing, green is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors. On the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel, the complement of green is magenta; that is, a color corresponding to an equal mixture of red and blue light (one of the purples). On a traditional color wheel, based on subtractive color, the complementary color to green is considered to be red.
Question: In which color system is green created by combining yellow and blue?
Answer: subtractive
Question: In which color model is green one of the additive primary colors?
Answer: RGB
Question: What is the complement of green on the HSV color wheel?
Answer: magenta
Question: What is the complement of green on the traditional color wheel?
Answer: red
Question: In color printing, blue is created by combining green and what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What color model is used in a subtractive system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another name for the color wheel using the subtractive system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: And equal mixture of green and magenta creates what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the complementary color to blue?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The die is a negative image of the glass master: typically, several are made, depending on the number of pressing mills that are to make the CD. The die then goes into a press, and the physical image is transferred to the blank CD, leaving a final positive image on the disc. A small amount of lacquer is applied as a ring around the center of the disc, and rapid spinning spreads it evenly over the surface. Edge protection lacquer is applied before the disc is finished. The disc can then be printed and packed.
Question: What is the term for a negative image of the glass master?
Answer: die
Question: How is the positive image on a CD protected?
Answer: lacquer
Question: How is lacquer distrubted on a CD?
Answer: rapid spinning
Question: What is the name of the positive image?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is liquid is applied to the blank CD?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much edge protection lacquer is needed for the finished disc?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is the physical image placed on the blank CD?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Two years later, the Royal African Company was inaugurated, receiving from King Charles a monopoly of the trade to supply slaves to the British colonies of the Caribbean. From the outset, slavery was the basis of the British Empire in the West Indies. Until the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, Britain was responsible for the transportation of 3.5 million African slaves to the Americas, a third of all slaves transported across the Atlantic. To facilitate this trade, forts were established on the coast of West Africa, such as James Island, Accra and Bunce Island. In the British Caribbean, the percentage of the population of African descent rose from 25 percent in 1650 to around 80 percent in 1780, and in the 13 Colonies from 10 percent to 40 percent over the same period (the majority in the southern colonies). For the slave traders, the trade was extremely profitable, and became a major economic mainstay for such western British cities as Bristol and Liverpool, which formed the third corner of the so-called triangular trade with Africa and the Americas. For the transported, harsh and unhygienic conditions on the slaving ships and poor diets meant that the average mortality rate during the Middle Passage was one in seven.
Question: Which company had monopoly of the trade to supply slaves to the British colonies of the Caribbean?
Answer: Royal African Company
Question: When was the British slave trade abolished?
Answer: 1807
Question: How many African slaves did Britain transport to the Americas?
Answer: 3.5 million
Question: The triangular slave trade was between Africa, the Americas, and which British cities?
Answer: Bristol and Liverpool
Question: What was the death rate during the Middle Passage?
Answer: one in seven |
Context: The history of time in the United States includes DST during both world wars, but no standardization of peacetime DST until 1966. In May 1965, for two weeks, St. Paul, Minnesota and Minneapolis, Minnesota were on different times, when the capital city decided to join most of the nation by starting Daylight Saving Time while Minneapolis opted to follow the later date set by state law. In the mid-1980s, Clorox (parent of Kingsford Charcoal) and 7-Eleven provided the primary funding for the Daylight Saving Time Coalition behind the 1987 extension to US DST, and both Idaho senators voted for it based on the premise that during DST fast-food restaurants sell more French fries, which are made from Idaho potatoes.
Question: What month and year were two neighboring cities in Minnesota on different time schedules?
Answer: May 1965
Question: What state supported DST because it wanted to sell more potatoes?
Answer: Idaho
Question: What company joined Clorox in funding the Daylight Saving Time Coalition in the 1980s?
Answer: 7-Eleven
Question: What year was the extension to U.S. daylight savings proposed by the DST Coalition?
Answer: 1987
Question: What year did the U.S. see standardization of DST outside of wartime for the first time?
Answer: 1966 |
Context: The topic of language for writers from Dalmatia and Dubrovnik prior to the 19th century made a distinction only between speakers of Italian or Slavic, since those were the two main groups that inhabited Dalmatian city-states at that time. Whether someone spoke Croatian or Serbian was not an important distinction then, as the two languages were not distinguished by most speakers. This has been used as an argument to state that Croatian literature Croatian per se, but also includes Serbian and other languages that are part of Serbo-Croatian, These facts undermine the Croatian language proponents' argument that modern-day Croatian is based on a language called Old Croatian.
Question: Which language groups lived in Dalmation city-states prior to the 19th century?
Answer: Italian or Slavic
Question: Today's Croatian language has its roots in what other language?
Answer: Old Croatian
Question: Prior to the 19th century, why was it irrelevant whether a person spoke Croatian or Serbian?
Answer: two languages were not distinguished by most speakers
Question: What language is modern day Dalmatian based on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did writers from Croatian literature make a distinction between prior to the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Prior to the 19th century where did Croatians and Serbians live?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two city states were not distinguished by most speakers prior to the 9th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is undermined by facts about Dalmatia and Dubrovnik?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Special guest referees may be used from time to time; by virtue of their celebrity status, they are often scripted to dispense with the appearance of neutrality and use their influence to unfairly influence the outcome of the match for added dramatic impact. Face special referees will often fight back against hostile heel wrestlers, particularly if the special referee is either a wrestler themselves or a famous martial artist (such as Tito Ortiz in the main event at TNA's THard Justice in 2005). They also have the power to eject from ringside any of the heel wrestler's entourage/stable, who may otherwise interfere with the match.
Question: What kind of referees are occasionally used?
Answer: Special guest referees may be used from time to time;
Question: What are famous referees directed to do?
Answer: often scripted to dispense with the appearance of neutrality and use their influence to unfairly influence the outcome of the match for added dramatic impact. F
Question: What do special referees have the ability to do?
Answer: They also have the power to eject from ringside any of the heel wrestler's entourage/stable, who may otherwise interfere with the match. |
Context: On 28 April 2015, the Iranian navy seized the Marshall Island-flagged MV Maersk Tigris near the Strait of Hormuz. The ship had been chartered by Germany's Rickmers Ship Management, which stated that the ship contained no special cargo and no military weapons. The ship was reported to be under the control of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard according to the Pentagon. Tensions escallated in the region due to the intensifying of Saudi-led coalition attacks in Yemen. The Pentagon reported that the destroyer USS Farragut and a maritime reconnaissance aircraft were dispatched upon receiving a distress call from the ship Tigris and it was also reported that all 34 crew members were detained. US defense officials have said that they would review U.S. defense obligations to the Government of the Marshall Islands in the wake of recent events and also condemned the shots fired at the bridge as "inappropriate". It was reported in May 2015 that Tehran would release the ship after it paid a penalty.
Question: On what date did the Iranian Navy capture a Marshall Islands ship?
Answer: 28 April 2015
Question: What was the name of the Marshall Islands ship seized by Iran?
Answer: MV Maersk Tigris
Question: Who chartered the captured Marshall Islands ship?
Answer: Rickmers Ship Management
Question: How many crew members were on the MV Maersk Tigris?
Answer: 34
Question: Near what body of water was the Maersk Tigris seized?
Answer: the Strait of Hormuz |
Context: The Alps (/ælps/; Italian: Alpi [ˈalpi]; French: Alpes [alp]; German: Alpen [ˈʔalpm̩]; Slovene: Alpe [ˈáːlpɛ]) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) across eight Alpine countries: Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Slovenia, and Switzerland. The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia. The mountains were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at 4,810 m (15,781 ft) is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains about a hundred peaks higher than 4,000 m (13,123 ft), known as the "four-thousanders".
Question: What Country are the Alps located in?
Answer: Europe
Question: How many kilometres do the Alps stretch?
Answer: 1,200 kilometres
Question: How long has it taken for the Alps to form?
Answer: over tens of millions of years
Question: What is the highest mountain in the Alps?
Answer: Mont Blanc
Question: The Alpine region is also known as what?
Answer: the "four-thousanders" |
Context: A number of species of moths live in the Alps, some of which are believed to have evolved in the same habitat up to 120 million years ago, long before the Alps were created. Blue moths can commonly be seen drinking from the snow melt; some species of blue moths fly as high as 1,800 m (5,906 ft). The butterflies tend to be large, such as those from the swallowtail Parnassius family, with a habitat that ranges to 1,800 m (5,906 ft). Twelve species of beetles have habitats up to the snow line; the most beautiful and formerly collected for its colours but now protected is the Rosalia alpina. Spiders, such as the large wolf spider, live above the snow line and can be seen as high as 400 m (1,312 ft). Scorpions can be found in the Italian Alps.
Question: How long have some species of moths believed to have evolved from the same habitat?
Answer: 120 million years
Question: What can be commonly seen drinking from the snow melt?
Answer: Blue moths
Question: The swallowtail Parnassius family of butterfly habitat ranges up to how much?
Answer: 1,800 m (5,906 ft)
Question: What species of beetles are were collected for their colors before being protected?
Answer: Rosalia alpina |
Context: In July 2013 Tuvalu signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to establish the Pacific Regional Trade and Development Facility, which Facility originated in 2006, in the context of negotiations for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Pacific ACP States and the European Union. The rationale for the creation of the Facility being to improve the delivery of aid to Pacific island countries in support of the Aid-for-Trade (AfT) requirements. The Pacific ACP States are the countries in the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement with the European Union.
Question: What trade agreement did Tuvalu sign in 2013?
Answer: Memorandum of Understanding
Question: What does the Memorandum concern?
Answer: Pacific Regional Trade
Question: What does the trade agreement encompass?
Answer: Economic Partnership Agreement
Question: With what group does the agreement form an alliance?
Answer: European Union
Question: To whom does the Facility seek to deliver aid?
Answer: Pacific island countries |
Context: Eventually, the Licchavi ruler Gunakamadeva merged Koligram and Dakshin Koligram, founding the city of Kathmandu. The city was designed in the shape of Chandrahrasa, the sword of Manjushri. The city was surrounded by eight barracks guarded by Ajimas. One of these barracks is still in use at Bhadrakali (in front of Singha Durbar). The city served as an important transit point in the trade between India and Tibet, leading to tremendous growth in architecture. Descriptions of buildings such as Managriha, Kailaskut Bhawan, and Bhadradiwas Bhawan have been found in the surviving journals of travelers and monks who lived during this era. For example, the famous 7th-century Chinese traveller Xuanzang described Kailaskut Bhawan, the palace of the Licchavi king Amshuverma. The trade route also led to cultural exchange as well. The artistry of the Newar people—the indigenous inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley—became highly sought after during this era, both within the Valley and throughout the greater Himalayas. Newar artists travelled extensively throughout Asia, creating religious art for their neighbors. For example, Araniko led a group of his compatriot artists through Tibet and China. Bhrikuti, the princess of Nepal who married Tibetan monarch Songtsän Gampo, was instrumental in introducing Buddhism to Tibet.
Question: Kathmandu resulted from the merger of what two settlements?
Answer: Dakshin Koligram
Question: Who is Kathmandu's historical founder?
Answer: Gunakamadeva
Question: Who did Chandrahrasa belong to?
Answer: Manjushri
Question: How many barracks guarded ancient Kathmandu?
Answer: eight
Question: Trade between what two countries typically went through ancient Kathmandu?
Answer: India and Tibet |
Context: In the early 21st century, the population of Paris began to increase slowly again, as more young people moved into the city. It reached 2.25 million in 2011. In March 2001, Bertrand Delanoë became the first socialist mayor of Paris. In 2007, in an effort to reduce car traffic in the city, he introduced the Vélib', a system which rents bicycles for the use of local residents and visitors. Bertrand Delanoë also transformed a section of the highway along the left bank of the Seine into an urban promenade and park, the Promenade des Berges de la Seine, which he inaugurated in June 2013.
Question: What was the population of Paris in 2011?
Answer: 2.25 million
Question: Who was the first socialist mayor of Paris?
Answer: Bertrand Delanoë
Question: What is the system called that allows local residents to rent bicycles?
Answer: Vélib'
Question: When was the Promenade des Berges de la Seine inaugurated?
Answer: June 2013 |
Context: As of 18 June 2012, the ECB in total had spent €212.1bn (equal to 2.2% of the Eurozone GDP) for bond purchases covering outright debt, as part of its Securities Markets Programme (SMP) running since May 2010. On 6 September 2012, the ECB announced a new plan for buying bonds from eurozone countries. The duration of the previous SMP was temporary, while the Outright Monetary Transactions (OMT) programme has no ex-ante time or size limit. On 4 September 2014, the bank went further by announcing it would buy bonds and other debt instruments primarily from banks in a bid to boost the availability of credit for businesses.
Question: By 2012, how much did the ECB spend in covering bad debt?
Answer: €212.1bn
Question: How does the ECB plan to increase the available credit for businesses?
Answer: Outright Monetary Transactions
Question: What is the duration of the Outright Monetary Transactions program?
Answer: no ex-ante time or size limit
Question: When was the new idea for the purchasing of eurozone bonds announced?
Answer: 6 September 2012
Question: How long was the duration of the Securities Markets Programme to last?
Answer: temporary
Question: Wow much did the ECB steal in order to cover bad debt?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How does the ECB plan to decrease the available credit for businesses?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the rejected duration of the Outright Monetary Transactions program?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the new idea for the purchasing of eurozone bonds declined?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long was the duration of the Securities Markets Programme that never happened?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Scheinergrade (Sch.) system was devised by the German astronomer Julius Scheiner (1858–1913) in 1894 originally as a method of comparing the speeds of plates used for astronomical photography. Scheiner's system rated the speed of a plate by the least exposure to produce a visible darkening upon development. Speed was expressed in degrees Scheiner, originally ranging from 1° Sch. to 20° Sch., where an increment of 19° Sch. corresponded to a hundredfold increase in sensitivity, which meant that an increment of 3° Sch. came close to a doubling of sensitivity.
Question: Who created the Scheinergrade system?
Answer: the German astronomer Julius Scheiner
Question: What is the Scheinergrade system used for?
Answer: comparing the speeds of plates used for astronomical photography
Question: What do degrees Scheiner indicate?
Answer: the speed of a plate
Question: What is the range of Scheiner speeds?
Answer: from 1° Sch. to 20° Sch
Question: Approximately how many degrees indicate double the sensitivity?
Answer: an increment of 3° Sch
Question: What was the second use of the Scheinergrade system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did an increment of 1 degree Sch. correspond to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was 20 degrees Sch. indicative of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What measured the visible darkening of a developing photograph?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Scheinergrade system become outdated?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Herds of red and fallow deer also roam freely within much of Richmond and Bushy Park. A cull takes place each November and February to ensure numbers can be sustained. Epping Forest is also known for its fallow deer, which can frequently be seen in herds to the north of the Forest. A rare population of melanistic, black fallow deer is also maintained at the Deer Sanctuary near Theydon Bois. Muntjac deer, which escaped from deer parks at the turn of the twentieth century, are also found in the forest. While Londoners are accustomed to wildlife such as birds and foxes sharing the city, more recently urban deer have started becoming a regular feature, and whole herds of fallow and white-tailed deer come into residential areas at night to take advantage of the London's green spaces.
Question: What rare breed of deer is protected at the Deer Sanctuary at Theydon Bois?
Answer: melanistic, black fallow deer
Question: When do culls to ensure sustainability of London's deer population occur?
Answer: each November and February
Question: Why are herds of deer starting to enter residential areas in London?
Answer: to take advantage of the London's green spaces
Question: Bushy Park in Richmond is home to what herds of animals?
Answer: red and fallow deer |
Context: Although large wild dogs, like wolves, are apex predators, they can be killed in territory disputes with wild animals. Furthermore, in areas where both dogs and other large predators live, dogs can be a major food source for big cats or canines. Reports from Croatia indicate wolves kill dogs more frequently than they kill sheep. Wolves in Russia apparently limit feral dog populations. In Wisconsin, more compensation has been paid for dog losses than livestock. Some wolf pairs have been reported to prey on dogs by having one wolf lure the dog out into heavy brush where the second animal waits in ambush. In some instances, wolves have displayed an uncharacteristic fearlessness of humans and buildings when attacking dogs, to the extent that they have to be beaten off or killed.
Question: Like wolves, big domesticated dogs are considered what type of predator?
Answer: apex
Question: Wolves may act in what behavioral manner when attacking dogs?
Answer: fearless
Question: What animal is reported to be killed more often than sheep by wolves in Croatia?
Answer: dogs
Question: Like wolves, what kind of predators are large dogs?
Answer: apex
Question: Dogs die as a result of Croatian wolf encounters more than what kind of animal?
Answer: sheep
Question: What limits the feral dog population in Russia?
Answer: Wolves |
Context: College sports are also popular in North Carolina, with 18 schools competing at the Division I level. The Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) is headquartered in Greensboro, and both the ACC Football Championship Game (Charlotte) and the ACC Men's Basketball Tournament (Greensboro) were most recently held in North Carolina. College basketball in particular is very popular, buoyed by the Tobacco Road rivalries between Duke, North Carolina, North Carolina State, and Wake Forest. The ACC Championship Game and The Belk Bowl are held annually in Charlotte's Bank of America Stadium, featuring teams from the ACC and the Southeastern Conference. Additionally, the state has hosted the NCAA Men's Basketball Final Four on two occasions, in Greensboro in 1974 and in Charlotte in 1994.
Question: How many colleges compete at the Division 1 level in North Carolina?
Answer: 18
Question: Where is the ACC headquarters?
Answer: Greensboro
Question: Where were the ACC football and basketball championships recently held?
Answer: North Carolina
Question: What stadium host the ACC championship game and the Belk Bowl each year?
Answer: Charlotte's Bank of America Stadium
Question: How many times has North Carolina hosted the NCAA final four?
Answer: two |
Context: The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with them). A perdurantist on the other hand holds that for a thing to exist through time is for it to exist as a continuous reality, and that when we consider the thing as a whole we must consider an aggregate of all its "temporal parts" or instances of existing. Endurantism is seen as the conventional view and flows out of our pre-philosophical ideas (when I talk to somebody I think I am talking to that person as a complete object, and not just a part of a cross-temporal being), but perdurantists have attacked this position. (An example of a perdurantist is David Lewis.) One argument perdurantists use to state the superiority of their view is that perdurantism is able to take account of change in objects.
Question: How similar are the positions on the persistence of objects?
Answer: somewhat similar
Question: Who holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times?
Answer: endurantist
Question: Who holds for a thing to exist through time is for it to exist as a continuous reality?
Answer: perdurantist
Question: Which view is seen as conventional?
Answer: Endurantism
Question: Who is an example of a perdurantist?
Answer: David Lewis
Question: Who says that objects existin incompletely in the past present and future?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who states that an object must in different realities?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does endurantism take account of the change in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What says that when we talk to a person we are talking to part of a cross-temeporal being?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Other awards and recognition for Popper included the City of Vienna Prize for the Humanities (1965), Karl Renner Prize (1978), Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (1980), Dr. Leopold Lucas Prize (1981), Ring of Honour of the City of Vienna (1983) and the Premio Internazionale of the Italian Federico Nietzsche Society (1988). In 1992, he was awarded the Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy for "symbolising the open spirit of the 20th century" and for his "enormous influence on the formation of the modern intellectual climate".
Question: In which year did Popper win the Karl Renner Prize?
Answer: 1978
Question: Which city made Popper part of its Ring of Honour in 1983?
Answer: Vienna
Question: What award given by a Japanese foundation did Popper win in 1992?
Answer: Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy
Question: Popper won the Dr. Leopold Lucas Prize in which year?
Answer: 1981
Question: What year did Popper win the City of Berlin Prize for the Humanities?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What award did Popper win in 1970?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What award given by an American foundation did Popper win in 1992?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why was Popper awarded the Ring of Honour of the City of Vienna?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What prize did Karl Renner recieve in 1981?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There has been a football tournament at every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except at the 1932 games in Los Angeles. Before the inception of the World Cup, the Olympics (especially during the 1920s) had the same status as the World Cup. Originally, the event was for amateurs only; however, since the 1984 Summer Olympics, professional players have been permitted, albeit with certain restrictions which prevent countries from fielding their strongest sides. The Olympic men's tournament is played at Under-23 level. In the past the Olympics have allowed a restricted number of over-age players per team. A women's tournament was added in 1996; in contrast to the men's event, full international sides without age restrictions play the women's Olympic tournament.
Question: Which year was there not a Summer Olympic Game?
Answer: 1932
Question: In what year was a women's tournament added to the Summer Olympics?
Answer: 1996
Question: What year were professional players allowed to play in the Summer Olympics?
Answer: 1984
Question: What is the age limit on the Olympic men's tournament?
Answer: Under-23
Question: What was the first year that there was a football tournament at the Summer Olympics?
Answer: 1900
Question: Which year was there not a Winter Olympic Game?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was a men's tournament added to the Summer Olympics?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year were novice players allowed to play in the Summer Olympics?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the age requirement on the Olympic men's tournament?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the last year that there was a football tournament at the Winter Olympics?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1993, the newly formed government of Namibia received funding from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through its Living in a Finite Environment (LIFE) Project. The Ministry of Environment and Tourism with the financial support from organisations such as USAID, Endangered Wildlife Trust, WWF, and Canadian Ambassador's Fund, together form a Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) support structure. The main goal of this project is promote sustainable natural resource management by giving local communities rights to wildlife management and tourism.
Question: When did Namibia receive funding from USAID?
Answer: 1993
Question: What does USAID stands for?
Answer: United States Agency for International Development
Question: What does LIFE project stand for?
Answer: Living in a Finite Environment
Question: What does CBNRM stand for?
Answer: Community Based Natural Resource Management
Question: When did the Living in a Finite Environment Project start?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Canadian Ambassador's Fund established?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Endangered Wildlife Trust started?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was the WWF formed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the primary focus of USAID?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1654, Otto von Guericke invented the first vacuum pump and conducted his famous Magdeburg hemispheres experiment, showing that teams of horses could not separate two hemispheres from which the air had been partially evacuated. Robert Boyle improved Guericke's design and with the help of Robert Hooke further developed vacuum pump technology. Thereafter, research into the partial vacuum lapsed until 1850 when August Toepler invented the Toepler Pump and Heinrich Geissler invented the mercury displacement pump in 1855, achieving a partial vacuum of about 10 Pa (0.1 Torr). A number of electrical properties become observable at this vacuum level, which renewed interest in further research.
Question: What was the vacuum created by the mercury displacement pump?
Answer: partial vacuum of about 10 Pa (0.1 Torr).
Question: What year was the Toepler Pump invented?
Answer: 1850
Question: What was first invented by Otto von Guericke ?
Answer: vacuum pump
Question: Who conducted the Magdeburg experiment?
Answer: Otto von Guericke
Question: What was made visible at a partial vacuum of 10 Pa?
Answer: A number of electrical properties
Question: What was invented by Robert Boyle in 1654?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the famous experiment called that Robert Boyle conducted?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of vacuum did Robert Boyle achieve in 1855?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Heinrich Geissler help Otto von Guericke further develop?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Otto von Guericke invent the mercury displacement pump?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common romance languages in Southern Europe are: Italian, which is spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican; and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common romance languages include: Romanian, which is spoken in Romania and Moldova; Portuguese, which is spoken in Portugal; Catalan, which is spoken in eastern Spain; and Galician, which is spoken in northwestern Spain.
Question: What is the most common group of languages spoken in Mediterranean Europe?
Answer: Romance languages
Question: What are the three main areas of southern Europe where Italian speakers can be found?
Answer: Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican
Question: Where can people who speak Catalan be found?
Answer: eastern Spain
Question: What language is spoken in northwest Spain?
Answer: Galician
Question: How many people in Spain and Gibraltar are Spanish speakers?
Answer: over 40 million
Question: What is the most common group of languages spoken in Catalan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the three main areas of southern Europe where Latin speakers can be found?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people in Spain and France are Spanish speakers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people speak Italian in Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What languages are emblematic of northern Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America. Its collections include:
Question: What is another name for the Royal Institute Library?
Answer: The British Architectural Library
Question: When was the RIBA library founded?
Answer: 1834
Question: How many materials are housed in the RIBA library?
Answer: over four million
Question: The British Architectural Library is the biggest library of its kind in which continent?
Answer: Europe
Question: In what institution are some materials from the RIBA collection located?
Answer: Victoria and Albert Museum
Question: What is a prohibited name for the Royal Institute Library?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the RIBA library removed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many materials are burned in the RIBA library?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which continent has The British Architectural Library as the smallest library?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What institution has none of materials from the RIBA collection?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Richmond is also fast-becoming known for its food scene, with several restaurants in the Fan, Church Hill, Jackson Ward and elsewhere around the city generating regional and national attention for their fare. Departures magazine named Richmond "The Next Great American Food City" in August 2014. Also in 2014, Southern Living magazine named three Richmond restaurants – Comfort, Heritage and The Roosevelt – among its "100 Best Restaurants in the South", while Metzger Bar & Butchery made its "Best New Restaurants: 12 To Watch" list. Craft beer and liquor production is also growing in the River City, with twelve micro-breweries in city proper; the oldest is Legend Brewery, founded in 1994. Three distilleries, Reservoir Distillery, Belle Isle Craft Spirits and James River Distillery, were established in 2010, 2013 and 2014, respectively.
Question: What periodical called Richmond "The Next Great American Food City"?
Answer: Departures magazine
Question: According to Southern Living, what are the three best restaurants in Richmond?
Answer: Comfort, Heritage and The Roosevelt
Question: How many microbreweries exist in Richmond?
Answer: twelve
Question: What was the first microbrewery to set up shop in Richmond?
Answer: Legend Brewery
Question: When was James River Distillery founded?
Answer: 2014 |
Context: Besides emptiness, Mahayana schools often place emphasis on the notions of perfected spiritual insight (prajñāpāramitā) and Buddha-nature (tathāgatagarbha). There are conflicting interpretations of the tathāgatagarbha in Mahāyāna thought. The idea may be traced to Abhidharma, and ultimately to statements of the Buddha in the Nikāyas. In Tibetan Buddhism, according to the Sakya school, tathāgatagarbha is the inseparability of the clarity and emptiness of one's mind. In Nyingma, tathāgatagarbha also generally refers to inseparability of the clarity and emptiness of one's mind. According to the Gelug school, it is the potential for sentient beings to awaken since they are empty (i.e. dependently originated). According to the Jonang school, it refers to the innate qualities of the mind that expresses themselves as omniscience etc. when adventitious obscurations are removed. The "Tathāgatagarbha Sutras" are a collection of Mahayana sutras that present a unique model of Buddha-nature. Even though this collection was generally ignored in India, East Asian Buddhism provides some significance to these texts.
Question: What does tathagatagarbha mean?
Answer: Buddha-nature
Question: what does prajnaparamita mean?
Answer: perfected spiritual insight
Question: According to what school is tathgatagarbha the inseparability of clairty and emptiness of one's mind?
Answer: Sakya
Question: According to what school does it refer to the innate qualities of the mind that express themselves as omniscience?
Answer: Jonang
Question: What type of sutras were generally ignored in india?
Answer: tathāgatagarbha |
Context: Coptic Christians face discrimination at multiple levels of the government, ranging from disproportionate representation in government ministries to laws that limit their ability to build or repair churches. Intolerance of Bahá'ís and non-orthodox Muslim sects, such as Sufis, Shi'a and Ahmadis, also remains a problem. When the government moved to computerise identification cards, members of religious minorities, such as Bahá'ís, could not obtain identification documents. An Egyptian court ruled in early 2008 that members of other faiths may obtain identity cards without listing their faiths, and without becoming officially recognised.
Question: What do Coptic Christians face?
Answer: discrimination at multiple levels of the government,
Question: When government computerised ID cards who were adversely impacted?
Answer: religious minorities
Question: When did Egyptian court rule that members of other faiths could obtain ID cards without listing faith?
Answer: 2008 |
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