text
large_stringlengths 236
26.5k
|
|---|
Context: In 1991 a mummy of a neolithic body, known as Ötzi the Iceman, was discovered by hikers on the Similaun glacier. His clothing and gear indicate that he lived in an alpine farming community, while the location and manner of his death - an arrowhead was discovered in his shoulder - suggests he was travelling from one place to another. Analysis of the mitochondrial DNA of Ötzi, has shown that he belongs to the K1 subclade which cannot be categorized into any of the three modern branches of that subclade. The new subclade has provisionally been named K1ö for Ötzi.
Question: Who was Otzi the Iceman?
Answer: a mummy of a neolithic body
Question: When was Otzi the Iceman found?
Answer: In 1991
Question: Where was Otzi the Iceman discovered?
Answer: the Similaun glacier |
Context: The UK political system, while technically a multi-party system, has functioned generally as a two-party (sometimes called a "two-and-a-half party") system; since the 1920s the two largest political parties have been the Conservative Party and the Labour Party. Before the Labour Party rose in British politics the Liberal Party was the other major political party along with the Conservatives. Though coalition and minority governments have been an occasional feature of parliamentary politics, the first-past-the-post electoral system used for general elections tends to maintain the dominance of these two parties, though each has in the past century relied upon a third party to deliver a working majority in Parliament. (A plurality voting system usually leads to a two-party system, a relationship described by Maurice Duverger and known as Duverger's Law.) There are also numerous other parties that hold or have held a number of seats in Parliament.
Question: What has the UK political system functioned as?
Answer: a two-party (sometimes called a "two-and-a-half party") system
Question: What are the two largest political parties in the UK?
Answer: Conservative Party and the Labour Party
Question: What was the other major party before the Labour party?
Answer: Liberal Party
Question: What is Duveger's Law?
Answer: A plurality voting system usually leads to a two-party system
Question: What system was created by Maurice Duverger in the UK?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Duverger's Law passed in the UK?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many seats has Maurice Duverger held in Parliament?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the only party that helped pass Duverger's Law?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does allowing Conservatives in government usually lead to?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Another popular event held in February, which is early spring in Tucson, is the Fiesta de los Vaqueros, or rodeo week, founded by winter visitor, Leighton Kramer. While at its heart the Fiesta is a sporting event, it includes what is billed as "the world's largest non-mechanized parade". The Rodeo Parade is a popular event as most schools give two rodeo days off instead of Presidents Day. The exception to this is Presidio High (a non-public charter school), which doesn't get either. Western wear is seen throughout the city as corporate dress codes are cast aside during the Fiesta. The Fiesta de los Vaqueros marks the beginning of the rodeo season in the United States.
Question: What season is February in Tucson?
Answer: spring
Question: What is the Fiesta de los Vaqueros?
Answer: rodeo week
Question: What month is the Fiesta de los Vaqueros held in?
Answer: February
Question: Who started the Fiesta de los Vaqueros?
Answer: Leighton Kramer
Question: How much time do Tucson schools give students off to attend the Fiesta de los Vaqueros?
Answer: two rodeo days off |
Context: Miami's road system is based along the numerical "Miami Grid" where Flagler Street forms the east-west baseline and Miami Avenue forms the north-south meridian. The corner of Flagler Street and Miami Avenue is in the middle of Downtown in front of the Downtown Macy's (formerly the Burdine's headquarters). The Miami grid is primarily numerical so that, for example, all street addresses north of Flagler Street and west of Miami Avenue have "NW" in their address. Because its point of origin is in Downtown, which is close to the coast, therefore, the "NW" and "SW" quadrants are much larger than the "SE" and "NE" quadrants. Many roads, especially major ones, are also named (e.g., Tamiami Trail/SW 8th St), although, with exceptions, the number is in more common usage among locals.
Question: What company was previously headquartered in the Downtown Macy's?
Answer: Burdine's
Question: What is another name for Tamiami Trail?
Answer: SW 8th St
Question: In what neighborhood of Miami is the corner of Miami Avenue and Flagler Street?
Answer: Downtown
Question: What is Miami's street plan called?
Answer: Miami Grid
Question: If a street is west of Miami Avenue and north of Flagler Street, what will necessarily be in its address?
Answer: NW
Question: What company was never headquartered in the Downtown Macy's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What isn't another name for Tamiami Trail?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what neighborhood of Miami is the corner of Miami Avenue and Florida Street?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Miami's street plan not called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: If a street is west of Miami Avenue and north of Flagler Street, what won't necessarily be in its address?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Economist Paul Krugman and U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis via the implosion of the shadow banking system, which had grown to nearly equal the importance of the traditional commercial banking sector as described above. Without the ability to obtain investor funds in exchange for most types of mortgage-backed securities or asset-backed commercial paper, investment banks and other entities in the shadow banking system could not provide funds to mortgage firms and other corporations.
Question: Economist Paul Krugman explained the credit crisis via the implosion of which system?
Answer: shadow banking system
Question: What is the system with nearly equal the importance of traditional commercial banking?
Answer: shadow banking system
Question: The shadow banking system could not provide funds to mortgage firms and other corporations without the ability to obtain which funds?
Answer: investor funds
Question: What was Timothy Geithner's position during the fall of 2008?
Answer: U.S. Treasury Secretary |
Context: The War of the Austrian Succession had seen the belligerents aligned on a time-honoured basis. France’s traditional enemies, Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced just as they had done against Louis XIV. Prussia, the leading anti-Austrian state in Germany, had been supported by France. Neither group, however, found much reason to be satisfied with its partnership: British subsidies to Austria had produced nothing of much help to the British, while the British military effort had not saved Silesia for Austria. Prussia, having secured Silesia, had come to terms with Austria in disregard of French interests. Even so, France had concluded a defensive alliance with Prussia in 1747, and the maintenance of the Anglo-Austrian alignment after 1748 was deemed essential by the Duke of Newcastle, British secretary of state in the ministry of his brother Henry Pelham. The collapse of that system and the aligning of France with Austria and of Great Britain with Prussia constituted what is known as the “diplomatic revolution” or the “reversal of alliances.”
Question: Who was the traditional partner with Great Britain at the beginning of the conflict?
Answer: Great Britain and Austria, had coalesced
Question: What was the major gain by Great Britain by having Austria as it ally?
Answer: British subsidies to Austria had produced nothing of much help to the British
Question: What was gained or lost by Austria?
Answer: British military effort had not saved Silesia for Austria
Question: Did the loss of Silesia by Austria intensify its battle with Prussia?
Answer: . Prussia, having secured Silesia, had come to terms with Austria
Question: What alliances were formed in the "diplomatic reversal"?
Answer: The collapse of that system and the aligning of France with Austria and of Great Britain with Prussia constituted what is known as the “diplomatic revolution” |
Context: Sanskrit linguist Madhav Deshpande says that when the term "Sanskrit" arose it was not thought of as a specific language set apart from other languages, but rather as a particularly refined or perfected manner of speaking. Knowledge of Sanskrit was a marker of social class and educational attainment in ancient India, and the language was taught mainly to members of the higher castes through the close analysis of Vyākaraṇins such as Pāṇini and Patanjali, who exhorted proper Sanskrit at all times, especially during ritual. Sanskrit, as the learned language of Ancient India, thus existed alongside the vernacular Prakrits, which were Middle Indo-Aryan languages. However, linguistic change led to an eventual loss of mutual intelligibility.
Question: In Ancient India, which vernacular languages existed alongside Sanskrit?
Answer: Prakrits
Question: The works of which two scholars were used to teach Sanskrit to the higher castes of India?
Answer: Pāṇini and Patanjali
Question: The use of Sanskrit was considered to be a marker of what in Ancient India?
Answer: social class and educational attainment
Question: What type of language were Prakrits?
Answer: Middle Indo-Aryan
Question: Which Sanskrit linguist describes Sanskrit as a "particularly refined or perfected manner of speaking?"
Answer: Madhav Deshpande
Question: What style of speech did linguist Madhav Deshpande say Sanskrit started out as?
Answer: perfected manner
Question: Of what was Sanskrit once thought to be a divider?
Answer: social class
Question: How was Sanskrit originally used?
Answer: ritual
Question: Where was Sanskrit a learned language of the high classes?
Answer: Ancient India
Question: With what did Sanskrit exist beside?
Answer: vernacular Prakrits
Question: Who said that Sanskrit was a specific language set apart?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what country did the lower class study Sanskrit?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language exists alongside Sanskrit in modern India?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two scholars were instrumental in teaching Sanskrit to the lower class?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What vernacular language was used only by the upper social class in India?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Antonio Vivaldi composed a mandolin concerto (Concerto in C major Op.3 6) and two concertos for two mandolins and orchestra. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart placed it in his 1787 work Don Giovanni and Beethoven created four variations of it. Antonio Maria Bononcini composed La conquista delle Spagne di Scipione Africano il giovane in 1707 and George Frideric Handel composed Alexander Balus in 1748. Others include Giovani Battista Gervasio (Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), Giuseppe Giuliano (Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), Emanuele Barbella (Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), Domenico Scarlatti (Sonata n.54 (K.89) in D minor for Mandolin and Basso Continuo), and Addiego Guerra (Sonata in G major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo).
Question: Who composed the Concerto in C Major Op 3 6?
Answer: Antonio Vivaldi
Question: Who placed it in his 1787 work?
Answer: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Question: What two artists created four variations of the Concerto in C Major Op 3 6?
Answer: Don Giovanni and Beethoven
Question: Who composed the La conquista della Spagne di Scipione Afriacano il giovance?
Answer: Antonio Maria Bononcini
Question: When was Alexander Balus composed?
Answer: 1748
Question: Who composed the Concerto in D Major Op 3 6?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who placed it in his 1789 work?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two artists created five variations of the Concerto in D Major Op 3 6?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who rejected the La conquista della Spagne di Scipione Afriacano il giovance?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During George's reign the break-up of the British Empire and its transition into the Commonwealth of Nations accelerated. The parliament of the Irish Free State removed direct mention of the monarch from the country's constitution on the day of his accession. From 1939, the Empire and Commonwealth, except Ireland, was at war with Nazi Germany. War with Italy and Japan followed in 1940 and 1941, respectively. Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined. After the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, George remained as king of both countries, but the title Emperor of India was abandoned in June 1948. Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949, and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year. George adopted the new title of Head of the Commonwealth. He was beset by health problems in the later years of his reign. His elder daughter, Elizabeth, succeeded him.
Question: What year was Britain and allies victorious in the war?
Answer: 1945
Question: When did India and Pakistan gain independence?
Answer: 1947
Question: What title did George have in India prior to 1948?
Answer: Emperor of India
Question: What did Ireland declare itself in 1950?
Answer: republic
Question: In what year was the Commonwealth of Nations established?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did George's reign begin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Elizabeth succeed King George?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was one of Britain's allies during the war?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was India before becoming a republic?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The war had removed Bermuda's primary trading partners, the American colonies, from the empire, and dealt a harsh blow to Bermuda's merchant shipping trade. This also suffered due to the deforestation of Bermuda, as well as the advent of metal ships and steam propulsion, for which it did not have raw materials. During the course of the following War of 1812, the primary market for Bermuda's salt disappeared as the Americans developed their own sources. Control of the Turks had passed to the Bahamas in 1819.
Question: Who was Bermuda's main trading partner before the war?
Answer: American colonies
Question: What is a factor that hurt Bermuda's merchant shipping?
Answer: deforestation
Question: Why didn't Bermuda produce metal ships?
Answer: it did not have raw materials
Question: Why did the need for Bermuda's salt diminish?
Answer: Americans developed their own sources
Question: What was the primary market for Bermuda following the War of 1812?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did control of the Bahamas pass to in 1819?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened in 1918?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did America's market for salt disappear?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Beginning around 2005, drug traffickers based in Latin America began to use Guinea-Bissau, along with several neighboring West African nations, as a transshipment point to Europe for cocaine. The nation was described by a United Nations official as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state". The government and the military have done little to stop drug trafficking, which increased after the 2012 coup d'état.
Question: When did drug traffickers begin to use Guinea-Bissau?
Answer: 2005
Question: Where did the drug traffickers come from?
Answer: Latin America
Question: What was the final destination of the drugs going through Guinea-Bissau?
Answer: Europe
Question: Who described Guinea-Bissau as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state"?
Answer: a United Nations official
Question: Who has done little to stop drug trafficking in the country?
Answer: The government and the military |
Context: As heirs of the Dominican priory of Poissy in France, the Dartford sisters were also heirs to a tradition of profound learning and piety. Sections of translations of spiritual writings in Dartford's library, such as Suso's Little Book of Eternal Wisdom and Laurent du Bois' Somme le Roi, show that the "ghoostli" link to Europe was not lost in the crossing of the Channel. It survived in the minds of the nuns. Also, the nuns shared a unique identity with Poissy as a religious house founded by a royal house. The English nuns were proud of this heritage, and aware that many of them shared in England's great history as members of the noble class, as seen in the next chapter.
Question: The Dartford sisters were heirs of what priory?
Answer: priory of Poissy
Question: Where was the priory of Poissy located?
Answer: France
Question: What book could be found in The Dartford sister's library?
Answer: Suso's Little Book of Eternal Wisdom
Question: What did the Dartford nunnery have in common with the priory of Poissy?
Answer: a religious house founded by a royal house
Question: What priory were the Dartford sisters not heirs to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country in Asia was the priory of Poissy located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What book could not be found in the Dartford's sister's library?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does not show that a "ghoostli" link to Europe was not lost in the Channel crossing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were the French nuns proud of?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The average annual rainfall ranges from very low in the northern and southern fringes of the desert to nearly non-existent over the central and the eastern part. The thin northern fringe of the desert receives more winter cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of low pressure systems over the Mediterranean Sea along the polar front, although very attenuated by the rain shadow effects of the mountains and the annual average rainfall ranges from 100 mm (3,93 in) to 250 mm (9,84 in). For example, Biskra, Algeria and Ouarzazate, Morocco are found in this zone. The southern fringe of the desert along the border with the Sahel receives summer cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of the Intertropical Convergence Zone from the south and the annual average rainfall ranges from 100 mm (3,93 in) to 250 mm (9,84 in). For example, Timbuktu, Mali and Agadez, Niger are found in this zone. The vast central hyper-arid core of the desert is virtually never affected by northerly or southerly atmospheric disturbances and permanently remains under the influence of the strongest anticyclonic weather regime and the annual average rainfall can drop to less than 1 mm (0.04 in). In fact, most of the Sahara receives less than 20 mm (0.79 in). Of the 9,000,000 km2 of desert land in the Sahara, an area of about 2,800,000 km2 (about 31% of the total area) receives an annual average rainfall amount of 10 mm (0.39 in) or less, while some 1,500,000 km2 (about 17% of the total area) receive an average of 5 mm or less. The annual average rainfall is virtually zero over a wide area of some 1,000,000 km2 in the eastern Sahara comprising deserts of Libya, Egypt and Sudan (Tazirbu, Kufra, Dakhla, Kharga, Farafra, Siwa, Asyut, Sohag, Luxor, Aswan, Abu Simbel, Wadi Halfa) where the long-term mean approximates 0.5 mm per year. The rainfall is very unreliable and erratic in the Sahara as it may vary considerably year by year. In full contrast to the negligible annual rainfall amounts, the annual rates of potential evaporation are extraordinarily high, roughly ranging from 2,500 mm/year to more than 6,000 mm/year in the whole desert. Nowhere else on Earth has air been found as dry and evaporative as in the Sahara region. With such an evaporative power, the Sahara can only be desiccated and dried out further more and the moisture deficit is tremendous.
Question: What is the reason the northern fringe receives more cloudiness and rainfall?
Answer: low pressure systems
Question: What is the average rainfall of the Sahara?
Answer: less than 1 mm
Question: How much desert land is the Sahara?
Answer: 9,000,000 km2 of desert land
Question: What causes the southern fringe to receive cloudiness and rainfall?
Answer: Intertropical Convergence Zone
Question: what is nearly non existent across the Sahara?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What contributes to the north's cloudiness and moderate rainfall??
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What area is cloudy and dry in the summer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has a land area of 9,000,000 sq mi?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What area receives the least amount of winter cloudiness?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is drastically affected by northerly or southerly atmospheric disturbances?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of Niger receives and annual rainfall above 10mm?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of Dakhla has an annual rainfall of 5mm or less?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is rainfall like in the western fringes of the desert?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Eritrea is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, and is an observing member of the Arab League. The nation holds a seat on the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ). Eritrea also holds memberships in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL), Non-Aligned Movement, Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, Permanent Court of Arbitration, and the World Customs Organization.
Question: What is the abbreviation for the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions?
Answer: ACABQ
Question: What does the acronym INTERPOL stand for?
Answer: International Criminal Police Organization
Question: Which league is Eritrea an observing member of?
Answer: Arab League
Question: What is the acronym for the Non-aligned Movement?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the acronym for the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the acronym for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the acronym for the Permanent Court of Arbitration?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the acronym for the World Customs Organization?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The extensive campaigning abroad by Roman generals, and the rewarding of soldiers with plunder on these campaigns, led to a general trend of soldiers becoming increasingly loyal to their generals rather than to the state. Rome was also plagued by several slave uprisings during this period, in part because vast tracts of land had been given over to slave farming in which the slaves greatly outnumbered their Roman masters. In the 1st century BC at least twelve civil wars and rebellions occurred. This pattern continued until 27 BC, when Octavian (later Augustus) successfully challenged the Senate's authority, and was made princeps (first citizen).
Question: How were soldiers rewarded by Roman generals?
Answer: with plunder
Question: Who saw increased loyalty from the Roman soldiers?
Answer: their generals
Question: Who was greater in numbers than the Roman slave masters?
Answer: the slaves
Question: Around how many rebellious uprisings and civil wars happened in the 1st century BC?
Answer: twelve
Question: Which individual later became princeps after having challenged the senate?
Answer: Octavian |
Context: Melinda Gates has stated that the foundation "has decided not to fund abortion". In response to questions about this decision, Gates stated in a June 2014 blog post that she "struggle[s] with the issue" and that "the emotional and personal debate about abortion is threatening to get in the way of the lifesaving consensus regarding basic family planning". Up to 2013, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation provided $71 million to Planned Parenthood, the primary U.S. abortion provider, and affiliated organizations.
Question: What did the foundation decide not to fund
Answer: has decided not to fund abortion"
Question: WHy did they decide not to fund abortion
Answer: the emotional and personal debate about abortion is threatening to get in the way of the lifesaving consensus regarding basic family planning
Question: Before 2013 the foundation gave how how much to planned parenthood
Answer: Up to 2013, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation provided $71 million to Planned Parenthood
Question: Who decided not to fund basic family planning?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 2013 what debate did Bill Gates say is in the way of family planning?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did Bill & Melinda Gates donate for family planning up to 2013?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What affiliated organization is the primary US abortion provider?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What issue did Bill Gates say he struggled with in 2014?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1950, Hayek left the London School of Economics for the University of Chicago, where he became a professor in the Committee on Social Thought. Hayek's salary was funded not by the university, but by an outside foundation. University of Chicago President Robert Hutchins was in the midst of a war with the U. of Chicago faculty over departmental autonomy and control, and Hayek got caught in the middle of that battle. Hutchins had been attempting to force all departments to adopt the neo-Thomist Great Books program of Mortimer Adler, and the U. of Chicago economists were sick of Hutchins' meddling. As the result the Economics department rejected Hutchins' pressure to hire Hayek, and Hayek became a part of the new Committee on Social Thought.
Question: Upon leaving London, for what college did he choose to work?
Answer: University of Chicago
Question: Who supplied Hayek's salary?
Answer: an outside foundation
Question: What was the cause for the feud between Robert Hutchins and faculty?
Answer: departmental autonomy and control
Question: Why did the economics department turn down Hayek's employment?
Answer: sick of Hutchins' meddling
Question: What did Hayek serve on after his initial rejection?
Answer: Committee on Social Thought |
Context: On November 30, 2010, CBC's senior director of regulatory affairs issued a letter to the CRTC regarding CBC's plans for transitioning to digital. The letter states, "CBC/Radio-Canada will not be converting its analogue retransmitters in mandatory markets to digital after August 31, 2011." On December 16, 2010, some months after the CRTC issued a bulletin reminding broadcasters that analog transmitters had to be shut off by the deadline in mandatory markets, the CBC revised the documents accompanying its August 6, 2010 news release to state that it had the money for and is striving to transition all 27 transmitters by August 31, 2011.
Question: On which day did CBC release an updated announcement stating they were striving to update all 27 transmitters?
Answer: On December 16, 2010
Question: On what date did CBC say it was striving to update its analogue transmitters by?
Answer: August 31, 2011
Question: Why did the CTRC send out a bulletin to broadcasters?
Answer: reminding broadcasters that analog transmitters had to be shut off by the deadline in mandatory markets
Question: The senior director of the CRTC issued a letter to address what concern in November of 2010?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what day did the CRTC plan to take over the CBC?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CRTC let broadcasters know the channels would continue to air in a news release in December of what year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many transmitters existed for the CRTC to regulate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the CBC decide to request an extension to convert their transmitters?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Oklahoma City was home to several pioneers in radio and television broadcasting. Oklahoma City's WKY Radio was the first radio station transmitting west of the Mississippi River and the third radio station in the United States. WKY received its federal license in 1921 and has continually broadcast under the same call letters since 1922. In 1928, WKY was purchased by E.K. Gaylord's Oklahoma Publishing Company and affiliated with the NBC Red Network; in 1949, WKY-TV (channel 4) went on the air and later became the first independently owned television station in the U.S. to broadcast in color. In mid-2002, WKY radio was purchased outright by Citadel Broadcasting, who was bought out by Cumulus Broadcasting in 2011. The Gaylord family earlier sold WKY-TV in 1976, which has gone through a succession of owners (what is now KFOR-TV is currently owned by Tribune Broadcasting as of December 2013).
Question: What was the third Radio Station in the US?
Answer: WKY Radio
Question: When was WKY granted a federal license?
Answer: 1921
Question: When did E.K. Gaylord's Oklahoma Publishing Compan buy WKY Radio?
Answer: 1928
Question: What is the current station called?
Answer: KFOR-TV |
Context: The ABS plastic used in the casing of some older SNES and Super Famicom consoles is particularly susceptible to oxidization on exposure to air, likely due to an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives. This, along with the particularly light color of the original plastic, causes affected consoles to quickly become yellow; if the sections of the casing came from different batches of plastic, a "two-tone" effect results. The color can sometimes be restored with UV light and a hydrogen peroxide solution.
Question: What material is the SNES case made of?
Answer: ABS plastic
Question: What chemical process turned some SNES cases yellow?
Answer: oxidization
Question: What mixture error in the plastic caused some SNES cases to turn yellow?
Answer: an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives
Question: How can SNES yellowing sometimes be reversed?
Answer: with UV light and a hydrogen peroxide solution
Question: Why would some SNESes be only partly yellow?
Answer: if the sections of the casing came from different batches of plastic
Question: What color did affected consoles become after exposure to UV light?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are flame retarding additives susceptible to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does hydrogen peroxide inside the cases cause if they came from different batches of plastic?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the light color of additives help restore to a console?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is caused due to an incorrect mixture of a hydrogen peroxide solution during manufacturing?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1999, Estonia experienced its worst year economically since it regained independence in 1991, largely because of the impact of the 1998 Russian financial crisis.[citation needed] Estonia joined the WTO in November 1999. With assistance from the European Union, the World Bank and the Nordic Investment Bank, Estonia completed most of its preparations for European Union membership by the end of 2002 and now has one of the strongest economies of the new member states of the European Union.[citation needed] Estonia joined the OECD in 2010.
Question: What was the worst economic year for Estonia after winning independence?
Answer: 1999
Question: What year did Estonia reclaim their independence?
Answer: 1991
Question: What event played a major part in the decline of the economy during 1999?
Answer: the 1998 Russian financial crisis
Question: When did Estonia unite with the WTO?
Answer: November 1999 |
Context: AA gunnery was a difficult business. The problem was of successfully aiming a shell to burst close to its target's future position, with various factors affecting the shells' predicted trajectory. This was called deflection gun-laying, 'off-set' angles for range and elevation were set on the gunsight and updated as their target moved. In this method when the sights were on the target, the barrel was pointed at the target's future position. Range and height of the target determined fuse length. The difficulties increased as aircraft performance improved.
Question: What was the problem with AA gunnery?
Answer: successfully aiming a shell to burst close to its target's future position
Question: Different things could affect what with the shell?
Answer: predicted trajectory
Question: What was updated on the gunsight as a target moved?
Answer: 'off-set' angles for range and elevation
Question: Where was the barrel pointed when the sights were on a target?
Answer: the target's future position
Question: What two things figured the fuse length?
Answer: Range and height of the target |
Context: On 18 August, the battle began when at 08:00 Moltke ordered the First and Second Armies to advance against the French positions. By 12:00, General Manstein opened up the battle before the village of Amanvillers with artillery from the 25th Infantry Division. But the French had spent the night and early morning digging trenches and rifle pits while placing their artillery and their mitrailleuses in concealed positions. Finally aware of the Prussian advance, the French opened up a massive return fire against the mass of advancing Germans. The battle at first appeared to favor the French with their superior Chassepot rifle. However, the Prussian artillery was superior with the all-steel Krupp breech-loading gun. By 14:30, General Steinmetz, the commander of the First Army, unilaterally launched his VIII Corps across the Mance Ravine in which the Prussian infantry were soon pinned down by murderous rifle and mitrailleuse fire from the French positions. At 15:00, the massed guns of the VII and VIII Corps opened fire to support the attack. But by 16:00, with the attack in danger of stalling, Steinmetz ordered the VII Corps forward, followed by the 1st Cavalry Division.
Question: On what date did the battle begin?
Answer: 18 August
Question: Who order the First and Second armies to advance against the French?
Answer: Moltke
Question: Which general opened the battle with artillery from the 25th Infantry Division?
Answer: General Manstein
Question: Who did the battle first appear to favor?
Answer: the French
Question: Who was the commander of the First Army?
Answer: General Steinmetz |
Context: The nitrogen fixing Rhizobia are an interesting case, wherein conjugative elements naturally engage in inter-kingdom conjugation. Such elements as the Agrobacterium Ti or Ri plasmids contain elements that can transfer to plant cells. Transferred genes enter the plant cell nucleus and effectively transform the plant cells into factories for the production of opines, which the bacteria use as carbon and energy sources. Infected plant cells form crown gall or root tumors. The Ti and Ri plasmids are thus endosymbionts of the bacteria, which are in turn endosymbionts (or parasites) of the infected plant.
Question: What elements can transfer to plant cells?
Answer: Agrobacterium Ti or Ri plasmids
Question: Where do transferred genes enter?
Answer: the plant cell nucleus
Question: What do bacteria use as carbon and energy sources?
Answer: opines
Question: What happens to infected plant cells?
Answer: end
Question: What are endosymbionts of the bacteria?
Answer: The Ti and Ri plasmids |
Context: The streets in downtown Ann Arbor conform to a grid pattern, though this pattern is less common in the surrounding areas. Major roads branch out from the downtown district like spokes on a wheel to the highways surrounding the city. The city is belted by three freeways: I-94, which runs along the southern portion of the city; U.S. Highway 23 (US 23), which primarily runs along the eastern edge of Ann Arbor; and M-14, which runs along the northern edge of the city. Other nearby highways include US 12, M-17, and M-153. Several of the major surface arteries lead to the I-94/M-14 interchange in the west, US 23 in the east, and the city's southern areas. The city also has a system of bike routes and paths and includes the nearly complete Washtenaw County Border-to-Border Trail.
Question: US Highway 32 runs along what edge of Ann Arbor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: M-41 runs along what edge of the city?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What portion of the city does I-49 run along?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is the I-49/M-14 interchange located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the completed bike trail called?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Because of their ability to quickly grow and the relative ease with which they can be manipulated, bacteria are the workhorses for the fields of molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry. By making mutations in bacterial DNA and examining the resulting phenotypes, scientists can determine the function of genes, enzymes and metabolic pathways in bacteria, then apply this knowledge to more complex organisms. This aim of understanding the biochemistry of a cell reaches its most complex expression in the synthesis of huge amounts of enzyme kinetic and gene expression data into mathematical models of entire organisms. This is achievable in some well-studied bacteria, with models of Escherichia coli metabolism now being produced and tested. This understanding of bacterial metabolism and genetics allows the use of biotechnology to bioengineer bacteria for the production of therapeutic proteins, such as insulin, growth factors, or antibodies.
Question: What sciences use bacteria?
Answer: molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry |
Context: The Boston Globe and the Boston Herald are two of the city's major daily newspapers. The city is also served by other publications such as Boston magazine, The Improper Bostonian, DigBoston, and the Boston edition of Metro. The Christian Science Monitor, headquartered in Boston, was formerly a worldwide daily newspaper but ended publication of daily print editions in 2009, switching to continuous online and weekly magazine format publications. The Boston Globe also releases a teen publication to the city's public high schools, called Teens in Print or T.i.P., which is written by the city's teens and delivered quarterly within the school year.
Question: The Boston Globe and the Boston herals are two of Bostons what?
Answer: daily newspapers
Question: Where is the Christial Science Monitor headquarters?
Answer: Boston
Question: When did the Christian Science Monitor end daily print newspapers?
Answer: 2009
Question: How often does The Christian Science monitor publish their magazine?
Answer: weekly
Question: What is the name of the teen paper that the Boston Globe provides to schools?
Answer: Teens in Print |
Context: Draught beer's environmental impact can be 68% lower than bottled beer due to packaging differences. A life cycle study of one beer brand, including grain production, brewing, bottling, distribution and waste management, shows that the CO2 emissions from a 6-pack of micro-brew beer is about 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds). The loss of natural habitat potential from the 6-pack of micro-brew beer is estimated to be 2.5 square meters (26 square feet). Downstream emissions from distribution, retail, storage and disposal of waste can be over 45% of a bottled micro-brew beer's CO2 emissions. Where legal, the use of a refillable jug, reusable bottle or other reusable containers to transport draught beer from a store or a bar, rather than buying pre-bottled beer, can reduce the environmental impact of beer consumption.
Question: What beer is better for the environment than bottled beer?
Answer: Draught beer's
Question: How many pounds of CO2 emissions are attributed to just one sixpack of microbrew?
Answer: 6.6
Question: What type of container can be used to transport draft beer, and is better for the environment that a bottle?
Answer: a refillable jug
Question: How much habitat is damaged from just one sixpack of microbrew?
Answer: 2.5 square meters
Question: How many square feet is 2.5 square meters?
Answer: 26
Question: What beer is better for the environment than draught beer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What produces about 6.6 kilograms of CO2 emissions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can cause a loss of 2.5 square feet of natural habitat?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can buying bottled beer reduce?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The area now called Galicia was first inhabited by humans during the Middle Paleolithic period, and it takes its name from the Gallaeci, the Celtic peoples living north of the Douro river during the last millennium BC, in a region largely coincidental with that of the Iron Age local Castro culture. Galicia was incorporated into the Roman Empire at the end of the Cantabrian Wars in 19 BC, being turned into a Roman province in the 3rd century AD. In 410, the Germanic Suebi established a kingdom with its capital in Braga (Portugal) which was incorporated into that of the Visigoths in 585. In 711, the Arabs invaded the Iberian Peninsula, taking the Visigoth kingdom, but soon in 740 Galicia was incorporated into the Christian kingdom of Asturias. During the Middle Ages, the kingdom of Galicia was occasionally ruled by its own kings, but most of the time it was leagued to the kingdom of Leon and later to that of Castile, while maintaining its own legal and customary practices and personality. From the 13th century on, the kings of Castile, as kings of Galicia, appointed an Adiantado-mór, whose attributions passed to the Governor and Captain General of the Kingdom of Galiza from the last years of the 15th century. The Governor also presided the Real Audiencia do Reino de Galicia, a royal tribunal and government body. From the 16th century, the representation and voice of the kingdom was held by an assembly of deputies and representatives of the cities of the kingdom, the Cortes or Junta of the Kingdom of Galicia, an institution which was forcibly discontinued in 1833 when the kingdom was divided into four administrative provinces with no legal mutual links. During the 19th and 20th centuries, demand grew for self-government and for the recognition of the personality of Galicia, a demand which led to the frustrated Statute of Autonomy of 1936, and to the Statute of Autonomy of 1981, currently in force.
Question: During which period did humans first inhabit Galicia?
Answer: Middle Paleolithic
Question: Where does its name come from?
Answer: Gallaeci, the Celtic peoples
Question: Which empire turned Galicia into one of its provinces the 3rd century AD?
Answer: Roman Empire
Question: What was the name of the assembly of representatives that began in the 16th century?
Answer: the Cortes or Junta
Question: Which year was the current Statute of Autonomy enacted?
Answer: 1981 |
Context: Competition for employees with the public and private sector is another problem that Nonprofit organizations will inevitably face, particularly for management positions. There are reports of major talent shortages in the nonprofit sector today regarding newly graduated workers, and NPOs have for too long relegated hiring to a secondary priority, which could be why they find themselves in the position many do. While many established NPO's are well-funded and comparative to their public sector competetitors, many more are independent and must be creative with which incentives they use to attract and maintain vibrant personalities. The initial interest for many is the wage and benefits package, though many who have been questioned after leaving an NPO have reported that it was stressful work environments and implacable work that drove them away.
Question: What problems with employment do Non Profits face?
Answer: Competition for employees with the public and private sector
Question: What are positions that employees really want, but there are never enough of?
Answer: management
Question: How important do NPOs consider hiring?
Answer: secondary priority
Question: What is a primary interest to prospective NPO employees?
Answer: wage and benefits package
Question: How do employees that are no longer with NPOs feel about the time that they worked there?
Answer: stressful work environments and implacable work that drove them away
Question: What is another problem public sector competitors face?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what area does the public sector need employees?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of shortage is there in public companies today?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of priority do NPO's give to changing stressful work environments?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What problems do public sector competitors have that drive away workers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Certain genera of Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus, Clostridium, Sporohalobacter, Anaerobacter, and Heliobacterium, can form highly resistant, dormant structures called endospores. In almost all cases, one endospore is formed and this is not a reproductive process, although Anaerobacter can make up to seven endospores in a single cell. Endospores have a central core of cytoplasm containing DNA and ribosomes surrounded by a cortex layer and protected by an impermeable and rigid coat. Dipicolinic acid is a chemical compound that composes 5% to 15% of the dry weight of bacterial spores. It is implicated as responsible for the heat resistance of the endospore.
Question: What are highly resistant dormant structures of certain gram-positive bacteria called?
Answer: endospores
Question: Is creating endospore a reproductive process?
Answer: is not a reproductive process
Question: What are ribosomes in endospores are enclosed in?
Answer: cortex layer
Question: What chemical compound comprises 5% to 15% of the dry weight of bacterial spores?
Answer: Dipicolinic acid |
Context: In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since. Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932), mail to Guam from the U.S. mainland is considered domestic and no additional charges are required. Private shipping companies, such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, however, have no obligation to do so, and do not regard Guam as domestic.
Question: In what year was the local postage stamp overprinted and has since been replaced?
Answer: 1899
Question: What type of postal service does Guam currently have today?
Answer: U.S. postage
Question: What is the current Zip Code range in Guam?
Answer: 96910–96932
Question: Which three major companies do not consider Guam as domestic when shipping is involved?
Answer: FedEx, UPS, and DHL
Question: In what year did Guam get regular U.S. postage stamps?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What private shipping company considers Guam as an international nation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which private shipping company charges more to ship packages to Guam?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which private shipping company gets packages back and forth to Guam fastest?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did UPS first start shipping packages to Guam?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main power in continental Europe with the most powerful and professional army in the world.[citation needed] Although Great Britain remained the dominant world power, British involvement in European affairs during the late 19th century was very limited, allowing Germany to exercise great influence over the European mainland.[citation needed] Besides, the Crown Prince's marriage with the daughter of Queen Victoria was only the most prominent of several German–British relationships.
Question: A unified German Empire ended the balance of power in which congress?
Answer: Congress of Vienna
Question: At the end of the Napoleonic wars, Germany had established itself as what, in continental Europe?
Answer: the main power
Question: Who remained the dominant world power at this time?
Answer: Great Britain
Question: British involvement in European matters in the late 19th century was considered what?
Answer: very limited
Question: The Crown Prince's marriage to whom was considered the most prominent of German-British royal liasons?
Answer: the daughter of Queen Victoria |
Context: In 2000, TCM started the annual Young Composers Film Competition, inviting aspiring composers to participate in a judged competition that offers the winner of each year's competition the opportunity to score a restored, feature-length silent film as a grand prize, mentored by a well-known composer, with the new work subsequently premiering on the network. As of 2006, films that have been rescored include the 1921 Rudolph Valentino film Camille, two Lon Chaney films: 1921's The Ace of Hearts and 1928's Laugh, Clown, Laugh, and Greta Garbo's 1926 film The Temptress.
Question: In what year did TCM begin the Young Composers Film Competition?
Answer: 2000
Question: How often is the Young Composers Film Competition?
Answer: annual
Question: What is the grand prize in the Young Composers Film Competition?
Answer: score a restored, feature-length silent film
Question: In what year was Laugh, Clown, Laugh released?
Answer: 1928
Question: Who starred in The Temptress?
Answer: Greta Garbo
Question: In what year did TCM end the Young Composers Film Competition?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How often is the TCM?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the grand prize in the TCM?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was TCM realeased?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who starred in he Ace of Hearts?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In order to qualify for protection, a work must be an expression with a degree of originality, and it must be in a fixed medium, such as written down on paper or recorded digitally. The idea itself is not protected. That is, a copy of someone else's original idea is not infringing unless it copies that person's unique, tangible expression of the idea. Some of these limitations, especially regarding what qualifies as original, are embodied only in case law (judicial precedent), rather than in statutes.
Question: If a work must include a degree of originality, what else must it contain to be protected?
Answer: in a fixed medium
Question: What is NOT protected?
Answer: The idea itself
Question: What makes a copy of an original idea infringing?
Answer: it copies that person's unique, tangible expression of the idea
Question: What limitation is only embodied in case law, rather than statues?
Answer: what qualifies as original
Question: If a work must exclude a degree of originality, what else must it contain to be protected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: If a work must include a degree of originality, what else mustn't it contain to be protected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is protected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What makes a copy of an unoriginal idea infringing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What limitation is only embodied in case law, and also in statues?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Swaziland is a developing country with a small economy. Its GDP per capita of $9,714 means it is classified as a country with a lower-middle income. As a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), its main local trading partner is South Africa. Swaziland's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand. Swaziland's major overseas trading partners are the United States and the European Union. The majority of the country's employment is provided by its agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Swaziland is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations.
Question: What is the per capita GDP of Swaziland?
Answer: $9,714
Question: What is the SACU?
Answer: Southern African Customs Union
Question: What does the acronym COMESA represent?
Answer: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
Question: What is the lilangeni?
Answer: Swaziland's currency
Question: What form of currency is the lilangeni fixed to?
Answer: South African rand
Question: Who is Swazilands main global trading partner?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the currency of both Swaziland and South Africa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: where is agriculture the top employer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What nation is considered developed despite its small economy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In April 2005, Comcast and Time Warner Cable announced plans to buy the assets of bankrupted Adelphia Cable. The two companies paid a total of $17.6 billion in the deal that was finalized in the second quarter of 2006—after the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) completed a seven-month investigation without raising an objection. Time Warner Cable became the second largest cable provider in the U.S., ranking behind Comcast. As part of the deal, Time Warner and Comcast traded existing subscribers in order to consolidate them into larger geographic clusters.
Question: What bankrupt company did Comcast partner with another broadband provider to acquire in 2005?
Answer: Adelphia Cable
Question: Who was Comcast's partner in the deal for Adelphia?
Answer: Time Warner Cable
Question: What was the price to take over Adelphia?
Answer: $17.6 billion
Question: What government organization investigated details of this acquisition?
Answer: the U.S. Federal Communications Commission
Question: When was this deal finalized?
Answer: second quarter of 2006
Question: How long did it take for Adelphia Cable to go bankrupt?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who partnered with Comcast to buy out Time Warner?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did the FCC charge Comcast and Time Warner for the investigation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the FCC object to the deal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Comcast bankrupt?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the late 1980s, key breakthroughs in GaN epitaxial growth and p-type doping ushered in the modern era of GaN-based optoelectronic devices. Building upon this foundation, Dr. Moustakas at Boston University patented a method for producing high-brightness blue LEDs using a new two-step process. Two years later, in 1993, high-brightness blue LEDs were demonstrated again by Shuji Nakamura of Nichia Corporation using a gallium nitride growth process similar to Dr. Moustakas's. Both Dr. Moustakas and Mr. Nakamura were issued separate patents, which confused the issue of who was the original inventor (partly because although Dr. Moustakas invented his first, Dr. Nakamura filed first).[citation needed] This new development revolutionized LED lighting, making high-power blue light sources practical, leading to the development of technologies like BlueRay, as well as allowing the bright high resolution screens of modern tablets and phones.[citation needed]
Question: In what decade were breakthroughs made that brought in the modern era of GaN-based optoelectronic devices?
Answer: 1980s
Question: Who first patented a method to produce high-brightness blue LEDs?
Answer: Shuji Nakamura
Question: Who first invented a method to produce high-brightness blue LEDs?
Answer: Dr. Moustakas
Question: What technology was made possible by high-power blue light sources?
Answer: BlueRay
Question: What is one modern gadget that benefits from high-power blue LED lighting?
Answer: tablets
Question: In what decade were breakthroughs made that brought in the ancient era of GaN-based optoelectronic devices?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who first patented a method to produce high-brightness red LEDs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who first invented a method to produce high-brightness red LEDs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What technology was made possible by low-power blue light sources?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one modern gadget that benefits from high-power red LED lighting?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Plymouth is served by Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust and the city's NHS hospital is Derriford Hospital 4 miles (6 km) north of the city centre. The Royal Eye Infirmary is located at Derriford Hospital. South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust operates in Plymouth and the rest of the south west; its headquarters are in Exeter.
Question: What is Plymouth's National Health Service hospital?
Answer: Derriford Hospital
Question: In kilometers, how far is Derriford Hospital from the Plymouth city center?
Answer: 6
Question: What notable clinic is present in Derriford Hospital?
Answer: Royal Eye Infirmary
Question: What organization provides ambulance transport for Plymouth?
Answer: South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust
Question: Where is South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust headquartered?
Answer: Exeter |
Context: While a few fragments exist, there is no surviving historical work which dates to the hundred years following Alexander's death. The works of the major Hellenistic historians Hieronymus of Cardia (who worked under Alexander, Antigonus I and other successors), Duris of Samos and Phylarchus which were used by surviving sources are all lost. The earliest and most credible surviving source for the Hellenistic period is Polybius of Megalopolis (c. 200-118), a statesman of the Achaean League until 168 BCE when he was forced to go to Rome as a hostage. His Histories eventually grew to a length of forty books, covering the years 220 to 167 BCE.
Question: What is the earliest, most credible source of the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Polybius
Question: Where was Polybius from?
Answer: Megalopolis
Question: Where was Polybius forced to go as hostage?
Answer: Rome
Question: What years do Polybius books cover?
Answer: 220 to 167 BCE
Question: What League was Polybius a statesman?
Answer: Achaean |
Context: In New York City in 1846, Alexander Turney Stewart established the "Marble Palace" on Broadway, between Chambers and Reade streets. He offered European retail merchandise at fixed prices on a variety of dry goods, and advertised a policy of providing "free entrance" to all potential customers. Though it was clad in white marble to look like a Renaissance palazzo, the building's cast iron construction permitted large plate glass windows that permitted major seasonal displays, especially in the Christmas shopping season. In 1862, Stewart built a new store on a full city block with eight floors and nineteen departments of dress goods and furnishing materials, carpets, glass and china, toys and sports equipment, ranged around a central glass-covered court. His innovations included buying from manufacturers for cash and in large quantities, keeping his markup small and prices low, truthful presentation of merchandise, the one-price policy (so there was no haggling), simple merchandise returns and cash refund policy, selling for cash and not credit, buyers who searched worldwide for quality merchandise, departmentalization, vertical and horizontal integration, volume sales, and free services for customers such as waiting rooms and free delivery of purchases. His innovations were quickly copied by other department stores.
Question: Where was the "Marble Palace" built in 1846?
Answer: on Broadway, between Chambers and Reade streets
Question: What policy did the Marble Palace introduce?
Answer: "free entrance" to all potential customers.
Question: How many departments did the new store have, built in 1862?
Answer: nineteen
Question: What selling methods did the Marble Palace use?
Answer: cash and not credit
Question: What customer services did the Marble Palace offer?
Answer: waiting rooms and free delivery of purchases
Question: Where was the "Marble Palace" built in 1864?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What policy didn't the Marble Palace introduce?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many departments did the new store have, built in 1962?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What buying methods did the Marble Palace use?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What customer services didn't the Marble Palace offer?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: For the first two years Confederate forces did well in set battles but lost control of the border states. The Confederates had the advantage of defending a very large country in an area where disease caused twice as many deaths as combat. The Union pursued a strategy of seizing the coastline, blockading the ports, and taking control of the river systems. By 1863 the Confederacy was being strangled. Its eastern armies fought well, but the western armies were defeated one after another until the Union forces captured New Orleans in 1862 along with the Tennessee River. In the famous Vicksburg Campaign of 1862–63, Ulysses Grant seized the Mississippi River and cut off the Southwest. Grant took command of Union forces in 1864 and after a series of battles with very heavy casualties, he had Lee under siege in Richmond as William T. Sherman captured Atlanta and marched through Georgia and the Carolinas. The Confederate capital was abandoned in April 1865 and Lee subsequently surrendered his army at Appomattox Court House; all other Confederate armies surrendered within a few months.
Question: In what year did the Union Forces capture New Orleans?
Answer: 1862
Question: Who took control of the Mississippi River in 1862-63?
Answer: Ulysses Grant
Question: Who captured Atlanta?
Answer: William T. Sherman
Question: Where did Lee surrender his army?
Answer: Appomattox Court House
Question: In what year did the Union Forces capture Atlanta?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who took control of the Snake River in 1862-63?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who released Atlanta?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Grant surrender his army?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Some researchers, such as Bruce Bagemihl, have criticized the labels "heterosexual" and "homosexual" as confusing and degrading. Bagemihl writes, "...the point of reference for 'heterosexual' or 'homosexual' orientation in this nomenclature is solely the individual's genetic sex prior to reassignment (see for example, Blanchard et al. 1987, Coleman and Bockting, 1988, Blanchard, 1989). These labels thereby ignore the individual's personal sense of gender identity taking precedence over biological sex, rather than the other way around." Bagemihl goes on to take issue with the way this terminology makes it easy to claim transsexuals are really homosexual males seeking to escape from stigma.
Question: What does Bruce criticize the labels heterosexual and homsexual as?
Answer: confusing and degrading
Question: What does Bruce Bagemilh write about the labels homosexual and heterosexual terms?
Answer: . These labels thereby ignore the individual's personal sense of gender identity taking precedence over biological sex, rather than the other way around
Question: What does Bagemihl say a major issue with this terminology is?
Answer: it easy to claim transsexuals are really homosexual males seeking to escape from stigma. |
Context: In a famous paper of 1936 with Garrett Birkhoff, the first work ever to introduce quantum logics, von Neumann and Birkhoff first proved that quantum mechanics requires a propositional calculus substantially different from all classical logics and rigorously isolated a new algebraic structure for quantum logics. The concept of creating a propositional calculus for quantum logic was first outlined in a short section in von Neumann's 1932 work, but in 1936, the need for the new propositional calculus was demonstrated through several proofs. For example, photons cannot pass through two successive filters that are polarized perpendicularly (e.g., one horizontally and the other vertically), and therefore, a fortiori, it cannot pass if a third filter polarized diagonally is added to the other two, either before or after them in the succession, but if the third filter is added in between the other two, the photons will, indeed, pass through. This experimental fact is translatable into logic as the non-commutativity of conjunction . It was also demonstrated that the laws of distribution of classical logic, and , are not valid for quantum theory.
Question: With whom did von Neuman work on a paper in 1936 that introduce quantum logic?
Answer: Garrett Birkhoff
Question: What concept was created for quatum logic?
Answer: propositional calculus
Question: What is the difference of logic in quantum theory?
Answer: laws of distribution of classical logic, and , are not valid for quantum theory |
Context: A lot of temples dedicated to Apollo were built in Greece and in the Greek colonies, and they show the spread of the cult of Apollo, and the evolution of the Greek architecture, which was mostly based on the rightness of form, and on mathematical relations. Some of the earliest temples, especially in Crete, don't belong to any Greek order. It seems that the first peripteral temples were rectangle wooden structures. The different wooden elements were considered divine, and their forms were preserved in the marble or stone elements of the temples of Doric order. The Greeks used standard types, because they believed that the world of objects was a series of typical forms which could be represented in several instances. The temples should be canonic, and the architects were trying to achieve the esthetic perfection. From the earliest times there were certain rules strictly observed in rectangular peripteral and prostyle buildings. The first buildings were narrow to hold the roof, and when the dimensions changed, some mathematical relations became necessary, in order to keep the original forms. This probably influenced the theory of numbers of Pythagoras, who believed that behind the appearance of things, there was the permanent principle of mathematics.
Question: What buildings were originally rectangle wood structures?
Answer: peripteral temples
Question: Why did mathematical relations become necessary?
Answer: in order to keep the original forms
Question: Why were the first buildings narrow?
Answer: to hold the roof
Question: Who believed that behind the appearance of things, there was a permanent principle of mathematics?
Answer: Pythagoras |
Context: On tracks that London Underground share with National Rail third-rail stock (the Bakerloo and District lines both have such sections), the centre rail is connected to the running rails, allowing both types of train to operate, at a compromise voltage of 660 V. Underground trains pass from one section to the other at speed; lineside electrical connections and resistances separate the two types of supply. These routes were originally solely electrified on the four-rail system by the LNWR before National Rail trains were rewired to their standard three-rail system to simplify rolling stock use.
Question: What is the voltage shared two types of trains UK railroad system?
Answer: 660 V
Question: Why some sections of Bakerloo and District lines were rewired to three-rail system?
Answer: to simplify rolling stock use
Question: How did it become possible to share the voltage for different types of train?
Answer: the centre rail is connected to the running rails
Question: What joins the two types of supply?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was rewired to the standard four-rail system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the maximum voltage of the two UK rail systems?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Above ground trains pass from one section to the other at what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The London Underground does not share tracks with whom?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Liquor was another profitable private industry nationalized by the central government in 98 BC. However, this was repealed in 81 BC and a property tax rate of two coins for every 0.2 L (0.05 gallons) was levied for those who traded it privately. By 110 BC Emperor Wu also interfered with the profitable trade in grain when he eliminated speculation by selling government-stored grain at a lower price than demanded by merchants. Apart from Emperor Ming's creation of a short-lived Office for Price Adjustment and Stabilization, which was abolished in 68 AD, central-government price control regulations were largely absent during the Eastern Han.
Question: What industry was monopolized by the government in 98 BC?
Answer: Liquor
Question: In what year did the liquor industry once again become privatized?
Answer: 81 BC
Question: What was mostly missing during the Eastern Han?
Answer: price control regulations
Question: What did Emperor Wu sell that offended the merchants?
Answer: grain
Question: What office did Emperor Ming create?
Answer: Office for Price Adjustment and Stabilization |
Context: It's generally accepted that there are around 750 verses in the Quran dealing with natural phenomenon. In many of these verses the study of nature is "encouraged and highly recommended," and historical Islamic scientists like Al-Biruni and Al-Battani derived their inspiration from verses of the Quran. Mohammad Hashim Kamali has the stated that "scientific observation, experimental knowledge and rationality" are the primary tools with which humanity can achieve the goals laid out for it in the Quran. Ziauddin Sardar built a case for Muslims having developed the foundations of modern science, by highlighting the repeated calls of the Quran to observe and reflect upon natural phenomenon. "The 'scientific method,' as it is understood today, was first developed by Muslim scientists" like Ibn al-Haytham and Al-Biruni, along with numerous other Muslim scientists.
Question: Nature and its phenomena are mentioned in approximately how many of the Quran's verses?
Answer: 750
Question: Al-Battani is an example of a Muslim scientist who drew inspiration from which text?
Answer: Quran
Question: Who recommended science as a way to achieve the goals of the Quran?
Answer: Mohammad Hashim Kamali
Question: Who argued that the Quran inspired the first practitioners of the scientific method we use today?
Answer: Ziauddin Sardar
Question: Al-Biruni is a example of a scientists of which religion?
Answer: Muslim
Question: Nature and its phenomena aren't mentioned in approximately how many of the Quran's verses?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Al-Battani is an example of a Muslim scientist who rejected inspiration from which text?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who rejected science as a way to achieve the goals of the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who argued that the Quran inspired the last practitioners of the scientific method we use today?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Al-Biruni is a example of a artist of which religion?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Often, through-hole and surface-mount construction must be combined in a single assembly because some required components are available only in surface-mount packages, while others are available only in through-hole packages. Another reason to use both methods is that through-hole mounting can provide needed strength for components likely to endure physical stress, while components that are expected to go untouched will take up less space using surface-mount techniques. For further comparison, see the SMT page.
Question: Surface-mount is one type of construction used in PCB assembly; what's the other one?
Answer: through-hole
Question: Which type of construction makes components that use more space?
Answer: through-hole
Question: Which of the two kinds of construction is weaker under strain?
Answer: surface-mount
Question: If you're building a circuit board that has a lot of components that won't be used, which construction would be better?
Answer: surface-mount
Question: What must be combined in a multiple assembly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Surface mount mounting can provide needed strength for what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Components that are expected to be touched will take up what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: All required components are available only in what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many bird species have established breeding populations in areas to which they have been introduced by humans. Some of these introductions have been deliberate; the ring-necked pheasant, for example, has been introduced around the world as a game bird. Others have been accidental, such as the establishment of wild monk parakeets in several North American cities after their escape from captivity. Some species, including cattle egret, yellow-headed caracara and galah, have spread naturally far beyond their original ranges as agricultural practices created suitable new habitat.
Question: The ring-necked pheasant has been introduced as what kind of bird?
Answer: game bird
Question: Why have some species spread naturally far beyond their original ranges?
Answer: agricultural practices created suitable new habitat
Question: Where have many birds established breeding populations?
Answer: in areas to which they have been introduced by humans |
Context: The five Great Lakes are located in the north-central portion of the country, four of them forming part of the border with Canada, only Lake Michigan situated entirely within United States. The southeast United States contain subtropical forests and, near the gulf coast, mangrove wetlands, especially in Florida. West of the Appalachians lies the Mississippi River basin and two large eastern tributaries, the Ohio River and the Tennessee River. The Ohio and Tennessee Valleys and the Midwest consist largely of rolling hills and productive farmland, stretching south to the Gulf Coast.
Question: How many Great Lakes form a border with Canada?
Answer: four
Question: Which of the Great Lakes is entirely located in US territory?
Answer: Lake Michigan
Question: Which major river is located west of the Appalachian mountains?
Answer: Mississippi River
Question: What type of land makes up the Ohio and Tennessee valleys?
Answer: rolling hills and productive farmland
Question: Which section of the US contains subtropical forests and mangrove wetlands?
Answer: southeast United States
Question: The five Great Lakes formal border with what country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which great Lake is located entirely outside of US territory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which major river is located east of the Appalachian Mountains
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the two large Western tributaries of the Mississippi River?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which section of the US contains tropical forests and mangrove wetlands?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: METRO began light rail service on January 1, 2004, with the inaugural track ("Red Line") running about 8 miles (13 km) from the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), which traverses through the Texas Medical Center and terminates at NRG Park. METRO is currently in the design phase of a 10-year expansion plan that will add five more lines. and expand the current Red Line. Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service three times a week to Houston via the Sunset Limited (Los Angeles–New Orleans), which stops at a train station on the north side of the downtown area. The station saw 14,891 boardings and alightings in fiscal year 2008. In 2012, there was a 25 percent increase in ridership to 20,327 passengers embarking from the Houston Amtrak station.
Question: When did Houston start using light rail lines?
Answer: January 1, 2004
Question: How long was the first light rail line in Houston?
Answer: about 8 miles
Question: Where did the Red Line rail track terminate?
Answer: NRG Park
Question: How many new rail lines are planned for the future in Houston light rail?
Answer: five
Question: How many passengers used Amtrak to embark at Houston?
Answer: 20,327
Question: When did Texas start using light rail lines?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How wide was the first light rail line in Houston?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did the Blue Line rail track terminate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many new rail lines are planned for the future in Texas light rail?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many passengers used Amtrak to embark at Texas?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: To relieve pressure from the expected German attack into Alsace-Lorraine, Napoleon III and the French high command planned a seaborne invasion of northern Germany as soon as war began. The French expected the invasion to divert German troops and to encourage Denmark to join in the war, with its 50,000-strong army and the Royal Danish Navy. It was discovered that Prussia had recently built defences around the big North German ports, including coastal artillery batteries with Krupp heavy artillery, which with a range of 4,000 yards (3,700 m), had double the range of French naval guns. The French Navy lacked the heavy guns to engage the coastal defences and the topography of the Prussian coast made a seaborne invasion of northern Germany impossible.
Question: What did Napoleon III plan to relieve pressure from an expected German attack?
Answer: invasion of northern Germany
Question: What country were the French hoping to be allied with?
Answer: Denmark
Question: What military strength could Denmark to France in a war?
Answer: the Royal Danish Navy
Question: What had Prussia been discovered building around big north German ports?
Answer: defences
Question: What did the French navy lack in engaging coastal defenses?
Answer: heavy guns |
Context: Semantic-phonetic compounds or pictophonetic compounds are by far the most numerous characters. These characters are composed of two parts: one of a limited set of characters (the semantic indicator, often graphically simplified) which suggests the general meaning of the compound character, and another character (the phonetic indicator) whose pronunciation suggests the pronunciation of the compound character. In most cases the semantic indicator is also the radical under which the character is listed in dictionaries.
Question: What are the most numerous characters?
Answer: Semantic-phonetic compounds
Question: What is the radical under which the character is listed in dictionaries?
Answer: semantic indicator
Question: What suggests the general meaning of a compound character?
Answer: semantic indicator |
Context: Some common epithets of Apollo as a healer are "paion" (παιών, literally "healer" or "helper") "epikourios" (ἐπικουρώ, "help"), "oulios" (οὐλή, "healed wound", also a "scar" ) and "loimios" (λοιμός, "plague"). In classical times, his strong function in popular religion was to keep away evil, and was therefore called "apotropaios" (ἀποτρέπω, "divert", "deter", "avert") and "alexikakos" (from v. ἀλέξω + n. κακόν, "defend from evil"). In later writers, the word, usually spelled "Paean", becomes a mere epithet of Apollo in his capacity as a god of healing.
Question: What is a comon epithet of Apollo as a healer?
Answer: paion
Question: In classical times, what was Apollo's strong function in popular religion?
Answer: keep away evil,
Question: What is a word for "defent from evil?"
Answer: alexikakos |
Context: The University of Southampton, which was founded in 1862 and received its Royal Charter as a university in 1952, has over 22,000 students. The university is ranked in the top 100 research universities in the world in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2010. In 2010, the THES - QS World University Rankings positioned the University of Southampton in the top 80 universities in the world. The university considers itself one of the top 5 research universities in the UK. The university has a global reputation for research into engineering sciences, oceanography, chemistry, cancer sciences, sound and vibration research, computer science and electronics, optoelectronics and textile conservation at the Textile Conservation Centre (which is due to close in October 2009.) It is also home to the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS), the focus of Natural Environment Research Council-funded marine research.
Question: What year was the University of Southampton founded?
Answer: 1862
Question: When did the University of Southampton receive university designation by official Royal Charter?
Answer: 1952
Question: The University of Southampton has more than what number of students attending?
Answer: 22,000
Question: What research centre at the University of Southampton is abbreviated NOCS?
Answer: National Oceanography Centre, Southampton
Question: What organization ranked the University of Southampton in the top 80 universities worldwide in 2010?
Answer: THES - QS World University Rankings |
Context: On the 1st of January 1901 the nation-state of Australia officially came into existence as a federation. The Australian continent was colonised by the United Kingdom in 1788, which subsequently established six, eventually self-governing, colonies there. In the 1890s the governments of these colonies all held referendums on becoming a unified, self-governing "Commonwealth" within the British Empire. When all the colonies voted in favour of federation, the Federation of Australia commenced, resulting in the establishment of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. The model of Australian federalism adheres closely to the original model of the United States of America, although it does so through a parliamentary Westminster system rather than a presidential system.
Question: What happened on January 1st 1901?
Answer: nation-state of Australia officially came into existence as a federation
Question: When did the United Kingdom colonized the Australian continent?
Answer: 1788
Question: Which model is of federalism is similar to the federalism model in Australia?
Answer: United States of America
Question: What was established when Australia was colonized?
Answer: six, eventually self-governing, colonies
Question: What happened on January 21st 1901?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the United Kingdom leave the Australian continent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When didn't the United Kingdom colonize the Australian continent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which model is of federalism is opposite to the federalism model in Australia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was abolished when Australia was colonized?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: By 1960 African Americans comprised 16.45% of the state's population. It was not until after the mid-1960s and passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that they were able to vote in full again, but new devices, such as at-large commission city governments, had been adopted in several jurisdictions to limit their political participation. Former Gov. Winfield Dunn and former U.S. Sen. Bill Brock wins in 1970 helped make the Republican Party competitive among whites for the statewide victory. Tennessee has selected governors from different parties since 1970. Increasingly the Republican Party has become the party of white conservatives.
Question: In 1960, what group made up 16.45% of Tennessee's population?
Answer: African Americans
Question: What Congressional Act fully re-enfranchised African-American in Tennessee?
Answer: Voting Rights Act of 1965
Question: Which Republican Senator's 1970 victory showed the Republican Party's renewed competitiveness in Tennessee?
Answer: Bill Brock
Question: Which constituency has become the Republican Party's staunchest supporters in Tennessee?
Answer: white conservatives
Question: Which Republican was elected Tennessee Governor in 1970?
Answer: Winfield Dunn |
Context: By synchronously resetting all clocks in a region to one hour ahead of Standard Time (one hour "fast"), individuals who follow such a year-round schedule will wake an hour earlier than they would have otherwise; they will begin and complete daily work routines an hour earlier, and they will have available to them an extra hour of daylight after their workday activities. However, they will have one less hour of daylight at the start of each day, making the policy less practical during winter.
Question: How much earlier do people's routines happen because of daylight savings?
Answer: one hour
Question: In which season is the policy of setting clocks ahead least practical?
Answer: winter
Question: Does setting the clocks ahead add an hour of daylight before or after the normal workday?
Answer: after
Question: What is the schedule of time called when it is not daylight savings time?
Answer: Standard Time |
Context: About half of the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence agriculture) for its livelihood, but Namibia must still import some of its food. Although per capita GDP is five times the per capita GDP of Africa's poorest countries, the majority of Namibia's people live in rural areas and exist on a subsistence way of life. Namibia has one of the highest rates of income inequality in the world, due in part to the fact that there is an urban economy and a more rural cash-less economy. The inequality figures thus take into account people who do not actually rely on the formal economy for their survival. Although arable land accounts for only 1% of Namibia, nearly half of the population is employed in agriculture.
Question: How much of the population depends on agriculture?
Answer: half
Question: How much more is the per capita GDP in Namibia compared to the rest of Africa's countries?
Answer: five times
Question: Where does a majority of Namibia's people live?
Answer: rural
Question: Namibia has one of the highest rates of what type of income problems in the world?
Answer: inequality
Question: How much of Namibia's land is arable?
Answer: 1%
Question: How much of Africa's poorest countries land is arable?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From where does Namibia import food?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What countries have an even higher rate of income disparity than Namibia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In Africa's poorest countries in which industry do most people work?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: FETs are divided into two families: junction FET (JFET) and insulated gate FET (IGFET). The IGFET is more commonly known as a metal–oxide–semiconductor FET (MOSFET), reflecting its original construction from layers of metal (the gate), oxide (the insulation), and semiconductor. Unlike IGFETs, the JFET gate forms a p–n diode with the channel which lies between the source and drain. Functionally, this makes the n-channel JFET the solid-state equivalent of the vacuum tube triode which, similarly, forms a diode between its grid and cathode. Also, both devices operate in the depletion mode, they both have a high input impedance, and they both conduct current under the control of an input voltage.
Question: How many groups are FETs split into?
Answer: two
Question: What are the names of the groups of FETs
Answer: junction FET (JFET) and insulated gate FET (IGFET)
Question: What is the common term for an IFGET?
Answer: a metal–oxide–semiconductor FET (MOSFET)
Question: How is a JFET different from an IGFET?
Answer: the JFET gate forms a p–n diode with the channel
Question: What mode do both JFET and IGFET operate in?
Answer: depletion mode
Question: What is a vacuum tube triode made from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What controls the amount of input voltage?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many layers of metal are in the gate of an IGFET?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of FET is mass produced?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In astronomy, Muḥammad ibn Jābir al-Ḥarrānī al-Battānī improved the precision of the measurement of the precession of the Earth's axis. The corrections made to the geocentric model by al-Battani, Averroes, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Mu'ayyad al-Din al-'Urdi and Ibn al-Shatir were later incorporated into the Copernican heliocentric model. Heliocentric theories were also discussed by several other Muslim astronomers such as Al-Biruni, Al-Sijzi, Qotb al-Din Shirazi, and Najm al-Dīn al-Qazwīnī al-Kātibī. The astrolabe, though originally developed by the Greeks, was perfected by Islamic astronomers and engineers, and was subsequently brought to Europe.
Question: What field did Muḥammad ibn Jābir al-Ḥarrānī al-Battānī contribute to?
Answer: astronomy
Question: What work is Muḥammad ibn Jābir al-Ḥarrānī al-Battānī known for as it regards to earth?
Answer: improved the precision of the measurement of the precession of the Earth's axis
Question: What model did the work of Muslim World astronomers contribute to?
Answer: the Copernican heliocentric model
Question: Who created the astrolabe?
Answer: the Greeks
Question: Who is said to have mastered the astrolabe?
Answer: Islamic astronomers and engineers
Question: What measurment did Copernicas improve?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What model did Copernicas use to measure the earth's axis?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who perfected the astrolabe originally developed by Islamic astronomers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What model did Al-Biruni make corrections to?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The total adult literacy rate is 99 percent. Portuguese primary school enrollments are close to 100 percent. According to the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009, the average Portuguese 15-year-old student, when rated in terms of reading literacy, mathematics and science knowledge, is placed at the same level as those students from the United States, Sweden, Germany, Ireland, France, Denmark, United Kingdom, Hungary and Taipei, with 489 points (493 is the average). Over 35% of college-age citizens (20 years old) attend one of the country's higher education institutions (compared with 50% in the United States and 35% in the OECD countries). In addition to being a destination for international students, Portugal is also among the top places of origin for international students. All higher education students, both domestic and international, totaled 380,937 in 2005.
Question: What is the adult literacy rate in Portugal?
Answer: 99 percent
Question: Portuguese primary school enrollment is close to what percent?
Answer: 100 percent
Question: What percentage of college-age citizens attend a higher education institution in Portugal?
Answer: Over 35%
Question: What percentage of college-age citizens attend a higher education institution in the United States?
Answer: 50% |
Context: Technological developments by videoconferencing developers in the 2010s have extended the capabilities of video conferencing systems beyond the boardroom for use with hand-held mobile devices that combine the use of video, audio and on-screen drawing capabilities broadcasting in real-time over secure networks, independent of location. Mobile collaboration systems now allow multiple people in previously unreachable locations, such as workers on an off-shore oil rig, the ability to view and discuss issues with colleagues thousands of miles away. Traditional videoconferencing system manufacturers have begun providing mobile applications as well, such as those that allow for live and still image streaming.
Question: In what decade did developers extend the capabilities of videoconferencing to more devices?
Answer: the 2010s
Question: What allows people in remote locations the ability to video-conference with colleagues far away?
Answer: Mobile collaboration systems
Question: What is one example of an application that videoconferencing manufacturers have begun to offer?
Answer: still image streaming
Question: What type of applications have videoconferencing manufacturers begun to offer?
Answer: mobile
Question: What is an example of a place that videoconferencing can be used today?
Answer: hand-held mobile devices
Question: What have moblie collaboration system manufacturers provided?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has the use of video done in the 2010's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one type of application that mobile collaboration manufacturers offer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What have videoconferencing developers created for use with off shore oil rigs?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does still image streaming allow?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: At the 1912 Salon d'Automne an architectural installation was exhibited that quickly became known as Maison Cubiste (Cubist House), signed Raymond Duchamp-Villon and André Mare along with a group of collaborators. Metzinger and Gleizes in Du "Cubisme", written during the assemblage of the "Maison Cubiste", wrote about the autonomous nature of art, stressing the point that decorative considerations should not govern the spirit of art. Decorative work, to them, was the "antithesis of the picture". "The true picture" wrote Metzinger and Gleizes, "bears its raison d'être within itself. It can be moved from a church to a drawing-room, from a museum to a study. Essentially independent, necessarily complete, it need not immediately satisfy the mind: on the contrary, it should lead it, little by little, towards the fictitious depths in which the coordinative light resides. It does not harmonize with this or that ensemble; it harmonizes with things in general, with the universe: it is an organism...". "Mare's ensembles were accepted as frames for Cubist works because they allowed paintings and sculptures their independence", writes Christopher Green, "creating a play of contrasts, hence the involvement not only of Gleizes and Metzinger themselves, but of Marie Laurencin, the Duchamp brothers (Raymond Duchamp-Villon designed the facade) and Mare's old friends Léger and Roger La Fresnaye". La Maison Cubiste was a fully furnished house, with a staircase, wrought iron banisters, a living room—the Salon Bourgeois, where paintings by Marcel Duchamp, Metzinger (Woman with a Fan), Gleizes, Laurencin and Léger were hung—and a bedroom. It was an example of L'art décoratif, a home within which Cubist art could be displayed in the comfort and style of modern, bourgeois life. Spectators at the Salon d'Automne passed through the full-scale 10-by-3-meter plaster model of the ground floor of the facade, designed by Duchamp-Villon. This architectural installation was subsequently exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show, New York, Chicago and Boston, listed in the catalogue of the New York exhibit as Raymond Duchamp-Villon, number 609, and entitled "Facade architectural, plaster" (Façade architecturale).
Question: What was La Maison Cubiste ?
Answer: a fully furnished house
Question: Which Metzinger piece was hung in La Maison Cubiste?
Answer: Woman with a Fan
Question: How big was the model of La Maison Cubiste?
Answer: 10-by-3-meter
Question: What type of boat was La Maison Cubist?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which Metzinger piece was not hung in La Maison Cubiste?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How big was the model of Be Maison Cubiste?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Some countries were not included for various reasons, such as being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication. Besides the states with limited recognition, the following states were also not included.
Question: What three reasons were mentioned for countries being excluded?
Answer: being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication
Question: What four reasons were mentioned for countries being excluded?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Noteworthy Irish mandolinists include Andy Irvine (who, like Johnny Moynihan, almost always tunes the top E down to D, to achieve an open tuning of GDAD), Paul Brady, Mick Moloney, Paul Kelly and Claudine Langille. John Sheahan and the late Barney McKenna, respectively fiddle player and tenor banjo player with The Dubliners, are also accomplished Irish mandolin players. The instruments used are either flat-backed, oval hole examples as described above (made by UK luthier Roger Bucknall of Fylde Guitars), or carved-top, oval hole instruments with arched back (made by Stefan Sobell in Northumberland). The Irish guitarist Rory Gallagher often played the mandolin on stage, and he most famously used it in the song "Going To My Hometown."
Question: Who are some of the famous Irish Mandolinists?
Answer: Andy Irvine
Question: Who are popular fiddle player and tenor banjo player?
Answer: John Sheahan and the late Barney McKenna
Question: What was John Sheahan and Barney Mckenna's band called?
Answer: The Dubliners,
Question: Who made the instruments used by the Dubliners?
Answer: UK luthier Roger Bucknall of Fylde Guitars
Question: What Irish guitarist played the mandolin on stage?
Answer: Rory Gallagher
Question: Who are some of the famous Italian Mandolinists?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who are unpopular fiddle player and tenor banjo player?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was John Sheahan and Barney Mckenna's job called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who made the instruments used by the Italian group?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Irish guitarist played the mandolin off stage?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 2010, there were 1.2 million people living in the greater Palermo area, 655,875 of which resided in the City boundaries, of whom 47.4% were male and 52.6% were female. People under age 15 totalled 15.6% compared to pensioners who composed 17.2% of the population. This compares with the Italian average of 14.1% people under 15 years and 20.2% pensioners. The average age of a Palermo resident is 40.4 compared to the Italian average of 42.8. In the ten years between 2001 and 2010, the population of Palermo declined by 4.5%, while the population of Italy, as a whole, grew by 6.0%. The reason for Palermo's decline is a population flight to the suburbs, and to Northern Italy. The current birth rate of Palermo is 10.2 births per 1,000 inhabitants compared to the Italian average of 9.3 births.
Question: How many people were living in the Palermo area in 2010?
Answer: 1.2 million
Question: What percentage of Palermo residents were female in 2010?
Answer: 52.6%
Question: What is the average age of a Palermo resident?
Answer: 40.4
Question: Why has Palermo's population declined from 2001 to 2010?
Answer: population flight to the suburbs
Question: In what year were there 1.2 million homes in the Palermo area?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is 47.4% female?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who's average age is 42.8 in Palermo?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has increased in Palermo from 2001 to 2010?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who has a slightly higher birth rate than Palermo?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, he gives advice on the best way to pick up a girl in a hostess bar. At Caltech, he used a nude or topless bar as an office away from his usual office, making sketches or writing physics equations on paper placemats. When the county officials tried to close the place, all visitors except Feynman refused to testify in favor of the bar, fearing that their families or patrons would learn about their visits. Only Feynman accepted, and in court, he affirmed that the bar was a public need, stating that craftsmen, technicians, engineers, common workers, "and a physics professor" frequented the establishment. While the bar lost the court case, it was allowed to remain open as a similar case was pending appeal.
Question: Which book does Feynman detail was to pick up girls?
Answer: Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman
Question: Where was his second office at Caltech?
Answer: topless bar
Question: Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should remain open?
Answer: Feynman
Question: Where did Feynman write down his equations at the topless bar?
Answer: paper placemats
Question: Who tried to shut the topless bar down?
Answer: county officials
Question: Which book does Feynman detail was to help reject girls?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was his tenth office at Caltech?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the only person to testify that the topless bar should close?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Feynman lose his equations at the topless bar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who helped the bar win their court case?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The government has also relaxed reporting laws, but these remain highly restrictive. In September 2011, several banned websites, including YouTube, Democratic Voice of Burma and Voice of America, were unblocked. A 2011 report by the Hauser Center for Nonprofit Organizations found that, while contact with the Myanmar government was constrained by donor restrictions, international humanitarian non-governmental organisations (NGOs) see opportunities for effective advocacy with government officials, especially at the local level. At the same time, international NGOs are mindful of the ethical quandary of how to work with the government without bolstering or appeasing it.
Question: Has the government of Myanmar made life any easier for it's inhabitants ?
Answer: has also relaxed reporting laws, but these remain highly restrictive.
Question: Does the government allow access to any desired media channels for residents ?
Answer: several banned websites, including YouTube, Democratic Voice of Burma and Voice of America, were unblocked.
Question: Are there any groups who are able to effectively operate in Burma ?
Answer: international humanitarian non-governmental organisations (NGOs)
Question: Why are groups hesitant to work with government officials ?
Answer: ethical quandary of how to work with the government without bolstering or appeasing it. |
Context: Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei says that according to the popular explanation among the later exegetes, ta'wil indicates the particular meaning a verse is directed towards. The meaning of revelation (tanzil), as opposed to ta'wil, is clear in its accordance to the obvious meaning of the words as they were revealed. But this explanation has become so widespread that, at present, it has become the primary meaning of ta'wil, which originally meant "to return" or "the returning place". In Tabatabaei's view, what has been rightly called ta'wil, or hermeneutic interpretation of the Quran, is not concerned simply with the denotation of words. Rather, it is concerned with certain truths and realities that transcend the comprehension of the common run of men; yet it is from these truths and realities that the principles of doctrine and the practical injunctions of the Quran issue forth. Interpretation is not the meaning of the verse—rather it transpires through that meaning, in a special sort of transpiration. There is a spiritual reality—which is the main objective of ordaining a law, or the basic aim in describing a divine attribute—and then there is an actual significance that a Quranic story refers to.
Question: What can interpretation find that lies the behind the apparent events referred to in a Quranic story?
Answer: a spiritual reality
Question: What was the original meaning of ta'wil?
Answer: "to return" or "the returning place"
Question: What philosophical term corresponds to the type of interpretation in ta'wil?
Answer: hermeneutic
Question: What can misinterpretation find that lies the behind the apparent events referred to in a Quranic story?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can interpretation find that lies the behind the inapparent events referred to in a Quranic story?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the final meaning of ta'wil?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What wasn't the original meaning of ta'wil?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What biographical term corresponds to the type of interpretation in ta'wil?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Angels in the Outfield was Eisenhower's favorite movie. His favorite reading material for relaxation were the Western novels of Zane Grey. With his excellent memory and ability to focus, Eisenhower was skilled at card games. He learned poker, which he called his "favorite indoor sport," in Abilene. Eisenhower recorded West Point classmates' poker losses for payment after graduation, and later stopped playing because his opponents resented having to pay him. A classmate reported that after learning to play contract bridge at West Point, Eisenhower played the game six nights a week for five months.
Question: What was Eisenhower's favorite film?
Answer: Angels in the Outfield
Question: Who was Eisenhower's favorite author?
Answer: Zane Grey
Question: What genre did Zane Grey write in?
Answer: Western
Question: Where did Eisenhower learn to play poker?
Answer: Abilene
Question: At West Point, what game did Eisenhower play six nights a week for five months?
Answer: contract bridge |
Context: However questions still remain, as some of the corrupt government officials have still not been brought to justice, while the many families who lost their only child, are still seeking compensation and justice to what had happened. According to the Times, many parents were warned by the government not to stage a protest under the threat of arrest.
Question: Who has not been brought to justice?
Answer: corrupt government officials
Question: Who is still looking for compensation and justice?
Answer: many families
Question: What has the government threatened people with to keep them from protesting?
Answer: threat of arrest
Question: What media reported the threat of arrest?
Answer: the Times
Question: What did many families lose in the earthquake?
Answer: their only child |
Context: The Vedānta school built upon the teachings of the Upanishads and Brahma Sutras from the first millennium BCE and is the most developed and well-known of the Hindu schools. The epistemology of the Vedantins included, depending on the sub-school, five or six methods as proper and reliable means of gaining any form of knowledge: pratyakṣa (perception), anumāṇa (inference), upamāṇa (comparison and analogy), arthāpatti (postulation, derivation from circumstances), anupalabdi (non-perception, negative/cognitive proof) and śabda (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts). Each of these have been further categorized in terms of conditionality, completeness, confidence and possibility of error, by each sub-school of Vedanta.
Question: On which sutras did the Vedanta school focus?
Answer: Upanishads and Brahma
Question: In what time did the Vedanta school become active?
Answer: first millennium BCE
Question: Which is the most developed and well known of the Hindu schools?
Answer: Vedānta
Question: How many ways did the Vedantins have of gaining knowledge?
Answer: five or six methods
Question: On what was dependent for the choice of methods in gaining knowledge?
Answer: sub-school
Question: What is the least developed Hindu school?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which sutras did the Vedanta reject?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Vedanta school end?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which method of gaining knowledge is not included in the Vedanta school?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are sub-schools not allowed to do with the epistemologies?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After a long period of rumour and consultation, the British government announced plans to construct an airport in Saint Helena in March 2005. The airport was expected to be completed by 2010. However an approved bidder, the Italian firm Impregilo, was not chosen until 2008, and then the project was put on hold in November 2008, allegedly due to new financial pressures brought on by the Financial crisis of 2007–2010. By January 2009, construction had not commenced and no final contracts had been signed. Governor Andrew Gurr departed for London in an attempt to speed up the process and solve the problems.
Question: When was the construction of an airport in Saint Helena announced?
Answer: March 2005
Question: The airport was expected to be completed by what year?
Answer: 2010
Question: Who was the approved bidder for the airport?
Answer: Impregilo
Question: Which governor departed to London to try to speed up the construction of the airport?
Answer: Andrew Gurr |
Context: A second neoclassic wave, more severe, more studied and more consciously archaeological, is associated with the height of the Napoleonic Empire. In France, the first phase of neoclassicism was expressed in the "Louis XVI style", and the second in the styles called "Directoire" or Empire. The Rococo style remained popular in Italy until the Napoleonic regimes brought the new archaeological classicism, which was embraced as a political statement by young, progressive, urban Italians with republican leanings.[according to whom?]
Question: When was the second wave of neoclassical architecture?
Answer: Napoleonic Empire
Question: What term is used to express the first wave of neoclassicism in France?
Answer: Louis XVI style
Question: What is the second wave of neoclassicism in France called?
Answer: "Directoire" or Empire
Question: Up until Napoleaoic regimes, what style remained popular in Italy?
Answer: The Rococo style
Question: What is associated with the fall of the Napoleonic Empire?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What King was a style of architecture named after during the first wave of neoclassicism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was a famous style of first wave neoclassicism in Italy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who oppose the archaeological classism brought by the Napoleonic regimes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Louis XVI style was popular up until what regime?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Islamic art frequently adopts the use of geometrical floral or vegetal designs in a repetition known as arabesque. Such designs are highly nonrepresentational, as Islam forbids representational depictions as found in pre-Islamic pagan religions. Despite this, there is a presence of depictional art in some Muslim societies, notably the miniature style made famous in Persia and under the Ottoman Empire which featured paintings of people and animals, and also depictions of Quranic stories and Islamic traditional narratives. Another reason why Islamic art is usually abstract is to symbolize the transcendence, indivisible and infinite nature of God, an objective achieved by arabesque. Islamic calligraphy is an omnipresent decoration in Islamic art, and is usually expressed in the form of Quranic verses. Two of the main scripts involved are the symbolic kufic and naskh scripts, which can be found adorning the walls and domes of mosques, the sides of minbars, and so on.
Question: What is the repetitive use of geometric floral designs known as in Islamic art?
Answer: arabesque
Question: Islam forbade types of art found in what religions?
Answer: pre-Islamic pagan religions
Question: Miniature paintings of the Ottoman empire featured what kind of subjects?
Answer: people and animals
Question: In mosques domes may have what kind of scripts decorating them?
Answer: kufic and naskh scripts
Question: What is one reason the art of Islam may be abstract?
Answer: to symbolize the transcendence, indivisible and infinite nature of God
Question: What type of depictions have been forbiden through out the iIslamic World?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who embraces the art of pre-Islamic cultures?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does depictional art represent about God?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is known for minature depictions of God?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Ministers and Chiefs of the Defence Staff are supported by a number of civilian, scientific and professional military advisors. The Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Defence (generally known as the Permanent Secretary) is the senior civil servant at the MoD. His or her role is to ensure the MoD operates effectively as a department of the government.
Question: Who is supported by civilian, scientific, and professional military advisors?
Answer: The Ministers and Chiefs of the Defence Staff
Question: What is the Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Defence generally known as?
Answer: Permanent Secretary
Question: Where does the Permanent Secretary serve as the senior civil servant?
Answer: MoD
Question: What is the role of the Permanent Secretary?
Answer: to ensure the MoD operates effectively as a department of the government
Question: Who supports the Permanent Secretary?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another name for the Minister of the Defense?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the role of the Chief of Defence?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where does the Minister of Defence serve as the senior civil servant?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the Chief of Defense do?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After years of high increase, the unemployment in Portugal has been in a continuous falling trend since the third quarter of 2014, decreasing from a peak of 17.7% achieved in the early 2013 to a rate of 11.9% in the second quarter of 2015. However, it is high still high compared with what was the normal average Portuguese unemployment rate in the past. In the second quarter of 2008 the unemployment rate was 7.3%, but the rate immediately rose the following period. By December 2009, unemployment had surpassed the 10% mark nationwide in the wake of worldwide events, by 2010, the rate was around 11% and in 2011 it was above 12%.[citation needed] The first quarter of 2013 signified a new unemployment rate record for Portugal, as it reached 17.7%— up from 17% in the previous quarter — and the Government has predicted an 18.5% unemployment rate in 2014. However, in the third quarter of the same year, it has surprisingly declined to a rate of 15.6%. From then on, the unemployment downtrend continued, declining to 13.9% in the second semester of 2014 and to 11.9% in the second quarter of 2015.
Question: Since when has the Portugal unemployment rate been in a falling trend?
Answer: third quarter of 2014
Question: To what percentage did the unemployment rate peak at?
Answer: 17.7%
Question: In the second quarter of 2008, what was the Portuguese unemployment rate?
Answer: 7.3%
Question: By when did the Portuguese unemployment rate pass the 10% mark?
Answer: December 2009 |
Context: UNFPA provided aid to Peru's reproductive health program in the mid-to-late '90s. When it was discovered a Peruvian program had been engaged in carrying out coercive sterilizations, UNFPA called for reforms and protocols to protect the rights of women seeking assistance. UNFPA was not involved in the scandal, but continued work with the country after the abuses had become public to help end the abuses and reform laws and practices.
Question: During what period did UNFPA aid Peru's reproductive health program?
Answer: the mid-to-late '90s
Question: Peru was found to have been coercing what?
Answer: sterilizations
Question: UNFPA responded to Peruvian abuses by calling for what?
Answer: reforms and protocols
Question: UNFPA's goal in Peru was to protect whose rights?
Answer: women seeking assistance
Question: After the scandal became public, what did UNFPA work to reform in Peru?
Answer: laws and practices
Question: Who refused aid to Peru's reproductive health program in the mid-to-late '80s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Peru was found to have been protecting against what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: UNFPA's goal in Peru was to destroy whose rights?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: After the scandal became private, what did UNFPA work to reform in Peru?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1941, Nasser was posted to Khartoum, Sudan, which was part of Egypt at the time. Nasser returned to Sudan in September 1942 after a brief stay in Egypt, then secured a position as an instructor in the Cairo Royal Military Academy in May 1943. In 1942, the British Ambassador Miles Lampson marched into King Farouk's palace and ordered him to dismiss Prime Minister Hussein Sirri Pasha for having pro-Axis sympathies. Nasser saw the incident as a blatant violation of Egyptian sovereignty and wrote, "I am ashamed that our army has not reacted against this attack", and wished for "calamity" to overtake the British. Nasser was accepted into the General Staff College later that year. He began to form a group of young military officers with strong nationalist sentiments who supported some form of revolution. Nasser stayed in touch with the group's members primarily through Amer, who continued to seek out interested officers within the Egyptian Armed Force's various branches and presented Nasser with a complete file on each of them.
Question: In what year was Nasser posted to Sudan?
Answer: 1941
Question: Whas was Nasser's position at the military academy in 1943?
Answer: instructor
Question: Who ordered the King to dismiss the Prime Minister?
Answer: British Ambassador Miles Lampson
Question: What political group was Nasser associated with?
Answer: nationalist
Question: Who was Nasser's contact in the armed forces, giving Nasser dossiers?
Answer: Amer |
Context: The laws of the game are determined by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). The Board was formed in 1886 after a meeting in Manchester of The Football Association, the Scottish Football Association, the Football Association of Wales, and the Irish Football Association. FIFA, the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to Laws of the Game of the Football Association. The growing popularity of the international game led to the admittance of FIFA representatives to the International Football Association Board in 1913. The board consists of four representatives from FIFA and one representative from each of the four British associations.
Question: What does the abbreviation IFAB stand for?
Answer: International Football Association Board
Question: What year was the IFAB formed?
Answer: 1886
Question: What city was FIFA formed?
Answer: Paris
Question: How many representatives did FIFA have in the IFAB?
Answer: four
Question: How many different British associations where part of the IFAB?
Answer: four
Question: What does the abbreviation IFAB not stand for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the IFAB ignored?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city was FIFA banned?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many representatives did FIFA fire in the IFAB?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many different British associations were not involved with the IFAB?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Popular representations of John first began to emerge during the Tudor period, mirroring the revisionist histories of the time. The anonymous play The Troublesome Reign of King John portrayed the king as a "proto-Protestant martyr", similar to that shown in John Bale's morality play Kynge Johan, in which John attempts to save England from the "evil agents of the Roman Church". By contrast, Shakespeare's King John, a relatively anti-Catholic play that draws on The Troublesome Reign for its source material, offers a more "balanced, dual view of a complex monarch as both a proto-Protestant victim of Rome's machinations and as a weak, selfishly motivated ruler". Anthony Munday's play The Downfall and The Death of Robert Earl of Huntington portrays many of John's negative traits, but adopts a positive interpretation of the king's stand against the Roman Catholic Church, in line with the contemporary views of the Tudor monarchs. By the middle of the 17th century, plays such as Robert Davenport's King John and Matilda, although based largely on the earlier Elizabethan works, were transferring the role of Protestant champion to the barons and focusing more on the tyrannical aspects of John's behaviour.
Question: When did popular representations of John begin to emerge?
Answer: Tudor period
Question: What was Anthony Munday's play?
Answer: The Downfall and The Death of Robert Earl of Huntington
Question: In The Troublesome Reign of King John, John portrayed the king as what?
Answer: proto-Protestant martyr |
Context: Although research has been inconclusive, some findings have indicated that electronic communication negatively affects adolescents' social development, replaces face-to-face communication, impairs their social skills, and can sometimes lead to unsafe interaction with strangers. A 2015 review reported that “adolescents lack awareness of strategies to cope with cyberbullying, which has been consistently associated with an increased likelihood of depression.” Studies have shown differences in the ways the internet negatively impacts the adolescents' social functioning. Online socializing tends to make girls particularly vulnerable, while socializing in Internet cafés seems only to affect boys academic achievement. However, other research suggests that Internet communication brings friends closer and is beneficial for socially anxious teens, who find it easier to interact socially online. The more conclusive finding has been that Internet use has a negative effect on the physical health of adolescents, as time spent using the Internet replaces time doing physical activities. However, the Internet can be significantly useful in educating teens because of the access they have to information on many various topics.
Question: According to research findings, does Internet use have a positive or negative effect on teen physical health?
Answer: negative
Question: Why do research findings believe the Internet has a negative effect on teen physical health?
Answer: time spent using the Internet replaces time doing physical activities
Question: How can the Internet be beneficial for socially anxious teens?
Answer: easier to interact socially online
Question: Which online activity has been consistently associated with increased liklihood of depression?
Answer: cyberbullying |
Context: It is fairly clear that predators tend to lower the survival and fecundity of their prey, but on a higher level of organization, populations of predator and prey species also interact. It is obvious that predators depend on prey for survival, and this is reflected in predator populations being affected by changes in prey populations. It is not so obvious, however, that predators affect prey populations. Eating a prey organism may simply make room for another if the prey population is approaching its carrying capacity.
Question: What do predators depend on for survival?
Answer: prey
Question: Prey that is eaten is simply replaced by anohter when the population is close to what?
Answer: carrying capacity
Question: Predators lower what aspects of their prey?
Answer: survival and fecundity
Question: What does one predator species do for another if its reaching carrying capacity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is reduced in a predator species if it reaches carrying capacity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do different species of predators do when they encounter each other?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do different predators sometimes need each other for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What helps more than one group of predators interact?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The cosmopolitan and multicultural nature of modern Guam poses challenges for Chamorros struggling to preserve their culture and identity amidst forces of acculturation. The increasing numbers of Chamorros, especially Chamorro youth, relocating to the U.S. Mainland has further complicated both definition and preservation of Chamorro identity.[citation needed] While only a few masters exist to continue traditional art forms, the resurgence of interest among the Chamorros to preserve the language and culture has resulted in a growing number of young Chamorros who seek to continue the ancient ways of the Chamorro people.
Question: What posses some challenges for the Chamorros who find it hard to keep their culture?
Answer: cosmopolitan and multicultural nature of modern Guam
Question: What else has led to the Chamorro find it hard to keep their culture that involves it's children?
Answer: relocating to the U.S. Mainland
Question: What has recently led to a resurgence in the Chamorros culture and preservation of their old ways?
Answer: young Chamorros who seek to continue the ancient ways of the Chamorro people.
Question: What are some of the easy ways that the Chamorros keep their culture?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has made it easier to preserve the Chamorro identity over the years?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has benefitted modern-day Chamorro?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who have primarily relocated from the U.S. Mainland to Guam?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Although public opinion in Paris was strongly against any form of surrender or concession to the Prussians, the Government realised that it could not hold the city for much longer, and that Gambetta's provincial armies would probably never break through to relieve Paris. President Trochu resigned on 25 January and was replaced by Favre, who signed the surrender two days later at Versailles, with the armistice coming into effect at midnight. Several sources claim that in his carriage on the way back to Paris, Favre broke into tears, and collapsed into his daughter's arms as the guns around Paris fell silent at midnight. At Tours, Gambetta received word from Paris on 30 January that the Government had surrendered. Furious, he refused to surrender and launched an immediate attack on German forces at Orleans which, predictably, failed. A delegation of Parisian diplomats arrived in Tours by train on 5 February to negotiate with Gambetta, and the following day Gambetta stepped down and surrendered control of the provincial armies to the Government of National Defence, which promptly ordered a cease-fire across France.
Question: What was public opinion in Paris strongly opposed to?
Answer: any form of surrender
Question: On what date did president Trochu resign?
Answer: 25 January
Question: Who replaced President Trochu?
Answer: Favre
Question: In which French city was the surrender made official?
Answer: Versailles
Question: Who disregarded the surrender and launched a failed attack on the Germans?
Answer: Gambetta |
Context: Aspiration varies with place of articulation. The Spanish voiceless stops /p t k/ have voice-onset times (VOTs) of about 5, 10, and 30 milliseconds, whereas English aspirated /p t k/ have VOTs of about 60, 70, and 80 ms. Voice-onset time in Korean has been measured at 20, 25, and 50 ms for /p t k/ and 90, 95, and 125 for /pʰ tʰ kʰ/.
Question: Aspiration alters with what?
Answer: place of articulation
Question: Voice-onset times in Armenian measure at 20, 25, and what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Unaspiration varies with what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which language measures at 60, 70, and 50 ms?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Spanish voice-closing times are what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Spanish voiced stops are?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The infrared portion of the spectrum has several useful benefits for astronomers. Cold, dark molecular clouds of gas and dust in our galaxy will glow with radiated heat as they are irradiated by imbedded stars. Infrared can also be used to detect protostars before they begin to emit visible light. Stars emit a smaller portion of their energy in the infrared spectrum, so nearby cool objects such as planets can be more readily detected. (In the visible light spectrum, the glare from the star will drown out the reflected light from a planet.)
Question: What irradiates clouds of gas in the galaxy and makes them glow?
Answer: imbedded stars
Question: What can be detected via infrared prior to their emitting visible light?
Answer: protostars
Question: What objects emit less of their energy as infrared light versus visible light?
Answer: Stars
Question: What glows with heat and shows visible light?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can be used to detect protostars when they are cool?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What spectrum benefits stars?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What heats clouds of gas and makes them readily detected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do stars emit a smaller portion of in our galaxy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Nevertheless, it was radar that proved to be critical weapon in the night battles over Britain from this point onward. Dowding had introduced the concept of airborne radar and encouraged its usage. Eventually it would become a success. On the night of 22/23 July 1940, Flying Officer Cyril Ashfield (pilot), Pilot Officer Geoffrey Morris (Observer) and Flight Sergeant Reginald Leyland (Air Intercept radar operator) of the Fighter Interception Unit became the first pilot and crew to intercept and destroy an enemy aircraft using onboard radar to guide them to a visual interception, when their AI night fighter brought down a Do 17 off Sussex. On 19 November 1940 the famous RAF night fighter ace John Cunningham shot down a Ju 88 bomber using airborne radar, just as Dowding had predicted.
Question: What was critical in the night battles over Britain?
Answer: radar
Question: What concept eventually became successful?
Answer: airborne radar
Question: On what day did airborne radar help intercept and destroy enemy aircraft for the first time?
Answer: the night of 22/23 July 1940
Question: Who was the RAF night fighter ace that used airborne radar to destroy a Ju 88 bomber?
Answer: John Cunningham |
Context: However, the prime example of reference works that systematized scientific knowledge in the age of Enlightenment were universal encyclopedias rather than technical dictionaries. It was the goal of universal encyclopedias to record all human knowledge in a comprehensive reference work. The most well-known of these works is Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert's Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers. The work, which began publication in 1751, was composed of thirty-five volumes and over 71 000 separate entries. A great number of the entries were dedicated to describing the sciences and crafts in detail, and provided intellectuals across Europe with a high-quality survey of human knowledge. In d'Alembert's Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot, the work's goal to record the extent of human knowledge in the arts and sciences is outlined:
Question: What were the prime examples of reference works that systemasized scientific knowledge in the age oif Enlightenment?
Answer: universal encyclopedias
Question: What was the goal of universal encyclopedias?
Answer: to record all human knowledge in a comprehensive reference work
Question: Which universal encyclopedia began publication in 1751 and was composed of 35 volumes and over 71,000 seperate entries?
Answer: Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers
Question: In what work is the goal to record the extent of human knowledge in the arts and sciences outlined?
Answer: Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot
Question: Who wrote the Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot?
Answer: d'Alembert's |
Context:
Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev. The route ran 20 km from Medeo stadium to Astana Square. There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China.
Question: What virgin site did the torch visit on April 2?
Answer: Almaty
Question: Who was the first person to be handed the torch in Almaty?
Answer: Nursultan Nazarbaev.
Question: Who is Nursultan Nazarbaev?
Answer: the President of Kazakhstan
Question: The route in Almaty went from Medeo Stadium to where?
Answer: Astana Square.
Question: What kind of activists were arrested in Almaty?
Answer: Uighur activists
Question: What country did the torch get to for the first time?
Answer: Kazakhstan
Question: What is the name of the president who was the first torchbearer in Almaty?
Answer: Nursultan Nazarbaev.
Question: What was the distance in kilometers for the route in Kazakhstan?
Answer: 20
Question: What activists were reported to have been arrested?
Answer: Uighur |
Context: The Daily Northwestern is the main student newspaper. Established in 1881, and published on weekdays during the academic year, it is directed entirely by undergraduates. Although it serves the Northwestern community, the Daily has no business ties to the university, being supported wholly by advertisers. It is owned by the Students Publishing Company. North by Northwestern is an online undergraduate magazine, having been established in September 2006 by students at the Medill School of Journalism. Published on weekdays, it consists of updates on news stories and special events inserted throughout the day and on weekends. North by Northwestern also publishes a quarterly print magazine. Syllabus is the undergraduate yearbook. First published in 1885, the yearbook is an epitome of that year's events at Northwestern. Published by Students Publishing Company and edited by Northwestern students, it is distributed in late May. Northwestern Flipside is an undergraduate satirical magazine. Founded in 2009, The Flipside publishes a weekly issue both in print and online. Helicon is the university's undergraduate literary magazine. Started in 1979, it is published twice a year, a web issue in the Winter, and a print issue with a web complement in the Spring. The Protest is Northwestern's quarterly social justice magazine. The Northwestern division of Student Multicultural Affairs also supports publications such as NUAsian, a magazine and blog about Asian and Asian-American culture and the issues facing Asians and Asian-Americans, Ahora, a magazine about Hispanic and Latino/a culture and campus life, BlackBoard Magazine about African-American life, and Al Bayan published by the Northwestern Muslim-cultural Student Association.
Question: What is the name of Northwestern's main student newspaper?
Answer: The Daily Northwestern
Question: Who is The Daily Northwestern entirely directed by?
Answer: undergraduates
Question: Who owns The Daily Northwestern?
Answer: the Students Publishing Company
Question: What is the name of Northwestern's undergraduate yearbook?
Answer: Syllabus
Question: What undergraduate satirical magazine was founded in 2009?
Answer: Northwestern Flipside
Question: What is the name of Southwestern's main student newspaper?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is The Daily Southwestern entirely directed by?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who owns The Daily Southwestern?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of Southwestern's undergraduate yearbook?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What undergraduate satirical magazine was founded in 2007?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the north, the Republic of Novgorod prospered because it controlled trade routes from the River Volga to the Baltic Sea. As Kievan Rus' declined, Novgorod became more independent. A local oligarchy ruled Novgorod; major government decisions were made by a town assembly, which also elected a prince as the city's military leader. In the 12th century, Novgorod acquired its own archbishop Ilya in 1169, a sign of increased importance and political independence, while about 30 years prior to that in 1136 in Novgorod was established a republican form of government - elective monarchy. Since then Novgorod enjoyed a wide degree of autonomy although being closely associated with the Kievan Rus.
Question: Why was the Republic of Novgorod doing so well while the Kievan Rus declined?
Answer: it controlled trade routes
Question: What happened to Novgorod when Kievan Rus began to decline?
Answer: became more independent
Question: In what year did Novgorod aquire its own archbishop?
Answer: 1169
Question: What prospered in the south?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why was the Republic of Novogorod doing so poorly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year did Novgorod assign its own archbishop?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was a sign of decreased important and political independence?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Novgorad established as a democrat form of government?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Patterns such as those seen in human physical and genetic variation as described above, have led to the consequence that the number and geographic location of any described races is highly dependent on the importance attributed to, and quantity of, the traits considered. Scientists discovered a skin-lighting mutation that partially accounts for the appearance of Light skin in humans (people who migrated out of Africa northward into what is now Europe) which they estimate occurred 20,000 to 50,000 years ago. The East Asians owe their relatively light skin to different mutations. On the other hand, the greater the number of traits (or alleles) considered, the more subdivisions of humanity are detected, since traits and gene frequencies do not always correspond to the same geographical location. Or as Ossorio & Duster (2005) put it:
Question: What is the consequence of the number and geographic location ascribed to a race highly dependent on?
Answer: the importance attributed to, and quantity of, the traits considered.
Question: What mutation did scientists discover?
Answer: skin-lighting
Question: What partially accounts for the appearance of light skin in humans?
Answer: mutation
Question: What do East Asians have to thank for their relatively light skin?
Answer: different mutations
Question: Traits and gene frequencies do not always correspond to what type of location?
Answer: geographical |
Context: Europeans came to the Delaware Valley in the early 17th century, with the first settlements founded by the Dutch, who in 1623 built Fort Nassau on the Delaware River opposite the Schuylkill River in what is now Brooklawn, New Jersey. The Dutch considered the entire Delaware River valley to be part of their New Netherland colony. In 1638, Swedish settlers led by renegade Dutch established the colony of New Sweden at Fort Christina (present day Wilmington, Delaware) and quickly spread out in the valley. In 1644, New Sweden supported the Susquehannocks in their military defeat of the English colony of Maryland. In 1648, the Dutch built Fort Beversreede on the west bank of the Delaware, south of the Schuylkill near the present-day Eastwick section of Philadelphia, to reassert their dominion over the area. The Swedes responded by building Fort Nya Korsholm, named New Korsholm after a town that is now in Finland. In 1655, a Dutch military campaign led by New Netherland Director-General Peter Stuyvesant took control of the Swedish colony, ending its claim to independence, although the Swedish and Finnish settlers continued to have their own militia, religion, and court, and to enjoy substantial autonomy under the Dutch. The English conquered the New Netherland colony in 1664, but the situation did not really change until 1682, when the area was included in William Penn's charter for Pennsylvania.
Question: Who were the first settlers to the Delaware Valley?
Answer: the Dutch
Question: What was the name of the first settlement in the area?
Answer: Fort Nassau
Question: Who claimed the entire Delaware River?
Answer: The Dutch
Question: When did the English conquer the New Netherland colony?
Answer: 1664 |
Context: Whitehead thus sees God and the world as fulfilling one another. He sees entities in the world as fluent and changing things that yearn for a permanence which only God can provide by taking them into God's self, thereafter changing God and affecting the rest of the universe throughout time. On the other hand, he sees God as permanent but as deficient in actuality and change: alone, God is merely eternally unrealized possibilities, and requires the world to actualize them. God gives creatures permanence, while the creatures give God actuality and change. Here it is worthwhile to quote Whitehead at length:
Question: How does Whitehead view the relationship between God an the world?
Answer: Whitehead thus sees God and the world as fulfilling one another
Question: How does he define entities' need for God?
Answer: He sees entities in the world as fluent and changing things that yearn for a permanence which only God can provide
Question: How dis Whitehead believe God provided permanence to entities?
Answer: by taking them into God's self, thereafter changing God and affecting the rest of the universe throughout time
Question: In what way did Whitehead view God as deficient?
Answer: deficient in actuality and change
Question: What did Whitehead claim God would be without the world?
Answer: merely eternally unrealized possibilities
Question: How does he define entities' lack of God?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How dis Whitehead believe God provided impermanence to entities?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Whitehead claim God would be with the world?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Average annual precipitation is 15 inches (380 mm), but great variations are seen. The mountain ranges block the moist Pacific air, holding moisture in the western valleys, and creating rain shadows to the east. Heron, in the west, receives the most precipitation, 34.70 inches (881 mm). On the eastern (leeward) side of a mountain range, the valleys are much drier; Lonepine averages 11.45 inches (291 mm), and Deer Lodge 11.00 inches (279 mm) of precipitation. The mountains themselves can receive over 100 inches (2,500 mm), for example the Grinnell Glacier in Glacier National Park gets 105 inches (2,700 mm). An area southwest of Belfry averaged only 6.59 inches (167 mm) over a sixteen-year period. Most of the larger cities get 30 to 50 inches or 0.76 to 1.27 metres of snow each year. Mountain ranges themselves can accumulate 300 inches or 7.62 metres of snow during a winter. Heavy snowstorms may occur any time from September through May, though most snow falls from November to March.
Question: What is the annual precipitation?
Answer: 15 inches
Question: How much precipitation does Heron recieve?
Answer: 34.70 inches
Question: How much precipitation does the Grinnell Glacier recieve?
Answer: 105 inches |
Context: The nationalist parties, in turn, demanded devolution to their respective constituent countries in return for their supporting the government. When referendums for Scottish and Welsh devolution were held in March 1979 Welsh devolution was rejected outright while the Scottish referendum returned a narrow majority in favour without reaching the required threshold of 40% support. When the Labour government duly refused to push ahead with setting up the proposed Scottish Assembly, the SNP withdrew its support for the government: this finally brought the government down as it triggered a vote of confidence in Callaghan's government that was lost by a single vote on 28 March 1979, necessitating a general election.
Question: In what year was the Scottish and Welsh devolution rejected?
Answer: 1979
Question: How many votes did the vote of confidence lose by in 1979?
Answer: a single vote
Question: When was Welsh devolution approved of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What referendum reached the threshold of 40% support?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who pushed ahead with setting up a Scottish Assembly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What party withdrew its support for the SNP?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did Callaghan's government win a vote of confidence by?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On March 15, 1915,:8 Laemmle opened the world's largest motion picture production facility, Universal City Studios, on a 230-acre (0.9-km²) converted farm just over the Cahuenga Pass from Hollywood. Studio management became the third facet of Universal's operations, with the studio incorporated as a distinct subsidiary organization. Unlike other movie moguls, Laemmle opened his studio to tourists. Universal became the largest studio in Hollywood, and remained so for a decade. However, it sought an audience mostly in small towns, producing mostly inexpensive melodramas, westerns and serials.
Question: On what date did Universal City Studios open?
Answer: March 15, 1915
Question: In square kilometers, what was the size of Universal City Studios?
Answer: 0.9
Question: What geographical feature separated Universal City Studios from Hollywood?
Answer: Cahuenga Pass
Question: What was the biggest Hollywood studio during this period?
Answer: Universal
Question: What opened on March 19, 1915?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who opened Universal City Studios on March 19, 1915?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What studio was built on a 230-km² converted farm?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who opened his studio to tourists like other movie moguls?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.