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Context: Praça dos Três Poderes (Portuguese for Square of the Three Powers) is a plaza in Brasília. The name is derived from the encounter of the three federal branches around the plaza: the Executive, represented by the Palácio do Planalto (presidential office); the Legislative, represented by the National Congress (Congresso Nacional); and the Judicial branch, represented by the Supreme Federal Court (Supremo Tribunal Federal). It is a tourist attraction in Brasília, designed by Lúcio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer as a place where the three branches would meet harmoniously.
Question: What does 'Praça dos Três Poderes' mean?
Answer: Square of the Three Powers
Question: What does the name 'Praça dos Três Poderes' come from?
Answer: the three federal branches around the plaza
Question: What is Brazil's Supreme Court called?
Answer: Supremo Tribunal Federal
Question: Who designed the Praça dos Três Poderes?
Answer: Lúcio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer
Question: What is Brazil's Congress called?
Answer: Congresso Nacional
Question: What is a court in the National Congress?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a tourist attraction in Lucio?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where does the name Lucio Costa come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who designed the Supreme Federal Court?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the presidential office designed by Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer called?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The war has been described as the first "world war", although this label was also given to various earlier conflicts like the Eighty Years' War, the Thirty Years' War, the War of the Spanish Succession and the War of the Austrian Succession, and to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars. The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of world-wide conflict during the entire 18th century, reminiscent of the more famous and compact struggle of the 14th century.
Question: What is the grandest label that historians have used to describe the Seven Years' War?
Answer: The war has been described as the first "world war"
Question: What does the term "Second Hundred Years' War" describe?
Answer: The term "Second Hundred Years' War" has been used in order to describe the almost continuous level of world-wide conflict during the entire 18th century,
Question: What is the precedent for the "Second Hundred Year's War?
Answer: reminiscent of the more famous and compact struggle of the 14th century
Question: What was a later conflict that some considered the first World War?
Answer: to later conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars |
Context: Protestantism also spread from the German lands into France, where the Protestants were nicknamed Huguenots. Calvin continued to take an interest in the French religious affairs from his base in Geneva. He regularly trained pastors to lead congregations there. Despite heavy persecution, the Reformed tradition made steady progress across large sections of the nation, appealing to people alienated by the obduracy and the complacency of the Catholic establishment. French Protestantism came to acquire a distinctly political character, made all the more obvious by the conversions of nobles during the 1550s. This established the preconditions for a series of conflicts, known as the French Wars of Religion. The civil wars gained impetus with the sudden death of Henry II of France in 1559. Atrocity and outrage became the defining characteristics of the time, illustrated at their most intense in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre of August 1572, when the Roman Catholic party annihilated between 30,000 and 100,000 Huguenots across France. The wars only concluded when Henry IV of France issued the Edict of Nantes, promising official toleration of the Protestant minority, but under highly restricted conditions. Roman Catholicism remained the official state religion, and the fortunes of French Protestants gradually declined over the next century, culminating in Louis XIV's Edict of Fontainebleau which revoked the Edict of Nantes and made Roman Catholicism the sole legal religion once again. In response to the Edict of Fontainebleau, Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg declared the Edict of Potsdam, giving free passage to Huguenot refugees. In the late 17th century many Huguenots fled to England, the Netherlands, Prussia, Switzerland, and the English and Dutch overseas colonies. A significant community in France remained in the Cévennes region.
Question: What was the nickname for French Protestants?
Answer: Huguenots
Question: What did the French find alienating about Catholicism?
Answer: the obduracy and the complacency of the Catholic establishment
Question: When were French nobles converted to Protestantism?
Answer: the 1550s
Question: Whose death caused an increase in the French civil wars?
Answer: Henry II
Question: When was the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
Answer: August 1572 |
Context: Equivalently, the smallness of the Planck constant reflects the fact that everyday objects and systems are made of a large number of particles. For example, green light with a wavelength of 555 nanometres (the approximate wavelength to which human eyes are most sensitive) has a frequency of 7014540000000000000♠540 THz (7014540000000000000♠540×1012 Hz). Each photon has an energy E = hf = 6981358000000000000♠3.58×10−19 J. That is a very small amount of energy in terms of everyday experience, but everyday experience is not concerned with individual photons any more than with individual atoms or molecules. An amount of light compatible with everyday experience is the energy of one mole of photons; its energy can be computed by multiplying the photon energy by the Avogadro constant, NA ≈ 7023602200000000000♠6.022×1023 mol−1. The result is that green light of wavelength 555 nm has an energy of 7005216000000000000♠216 kJ/mol, a typical energy of everyday life.
Question: What does the smallness of the Planck constant show?
Answer: the fact that everyday objects and systems are made of a large number of particles
Question: At about what wavelength of light are human eyes most sensitive?
Answer: 555 nanometres
Question: What frequency does green light with a wavelength of 555 nanmetres have?
Answer: 7014540000000000000♠540 THz
Question: How is the energy from one mole of photos computed?
Answer: by multiplying the photon energy by the Avogadro constant
Question: How much energy does a green light of wavelength 555 nm contain?
Answer: 7005216000000000000♠216 kJ/mol
Question: What is the wavelength of light to which human eyes are most sensitive?
Answer: 555 nanometres
Question: What is the frequency of the light to which the human eye is most sensitive?
Answer: 7014540000000000000♠540 THz
Question: What is the energy of a photon?
Answer: 6981358000000000000♠3.58×10−19 J
Question: How much energy is contained in the light to which human eyes are most sensitive?
Answer: 7005216000000000000♠216 kJ/mol
Question: What are common things like furniture and stationary objects never made of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which light wavelength is the human eye no longer able to see?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What color of light is the human eye blind to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the smallness of the Planck constant ignore?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The definition of antenna gain or power gain already includes the effect of the antenna's efficiency. Therefore, if one is trying to radiate a signal toward a receiver using a transmitter of a given power, one need only compare the gain of various antennas rather than considering the efficiency as well. This is likewise true for a receiving antenna at very high (especially microwave) frequencies, where the point is to receive a signal which is strong compared to the receiver's noise temperature. However, in the case of a directional antenna used for receiving signals with the intention of rejecting interference from different directions, one is no longer concerned with the antenna efficiency, as discussed above. In this case, rather than quoting the antenna gain, one would be more concerned with the directive gain which does not include the effect of antenna (in)efficiency. The directive gain of an antenna can be computed from the published gain divided by the antenna's efficiency.
Question: What else is also known as power gain?
Answer: antenna gain
Question: What is used to signal toward a reciever?
Answer: transmitter
Question: Which gain does not iclude the effect of an antenna?
Answer: directive gain
Question: Wats divided by the antennas efficiency?
Answer: published gain |
Context: When talking about the German language, the term German dialects is only used for the traditional regional varieties. That allows them to be distinguished from the regional varieties of modern standard German.
Question: When is the term 'German dialects' used in regard to the German language?
Answer: traditional regional varieties
Question: What are traditional region varieties of German distinguished from?
Answer: the regional varieties of modern standard German
Question: Which term is only used for nontraditional varieties?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which term is only used for national varieties?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In reference to modern varieties, what term is only used for traditional regional languages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does this allow the to remain undistinguished from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Because of this, what is ancient standard German distinguished from?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In a 'Letter to American People' written by Osama bin Laden in 2002, he stated that one of the reasons he was fighting America is because of its support of India on the Kashmir issue. While on a trip to Delhi in 2002, U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld suggested that Al-Qaeda was active in Kashmir, though he did not have any hard evidence. An investigation in 2002 unearthed evidence that Al-Qaeda and its affiliates were prospering in Pakistan-administered Kashmir with tacit approval of Pakistan's National Intelligence agency Inter-Services Intelligence. A team of Special Air Service and Delta Force was sent into Indian-administered Kashmir in 2002 to hunt for Osama bin Laden after reports that he was being sheltered by the Kashmiri militant group Harkat-ul-Mujahideen. U.S. officials believed that Al-Qaeda was helping organize a campaign of terror in Kashmir in order to provoke conflict between India and Pakistan. Fazlur Rehman Khalil, the leader of the Harkat-ul-Mujahideen, signed al-Qaeda's 1998 declaration of holy war, which called on Muslims to attack all Americans and their allies. Indian sources claimed that In 2006, Al-Qaeda claimed they had established a wing in Kashmir; this worried the Indian government. India also claimed that Al-Qaeda has strong ties with the Kashmir militant groups Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed in Pakistan. While on a visit to Pakistan in January 2010, U.S. Defense secretary Robert Gates stated that Al-Qaeda was seeking to destabilize the region and planning to provoke a nuclear war between India and Pakistan.
Question: Who wrote 'Letter to American People' in 2002?
Answer: Osama bin Laden
Question: Who was the US Secretary of Defense in 2002?
Answer: Donald Rumsfeld
Question: Which group did Rumsfeld think was active in Kashmir?
Answer: Al-Qaeda
Question: What teams hunted for Bin Laden in Kashmir in 2002?
Answer: Special Air Service and Delta Force
Question: Who led the Harkat-ul-Mujahideen?
Answer: Fazlur Rehman Khalil
Question: Who did India support on the Kashmir issue?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of the document Donald Rumsfeld wrote?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did the Kashmiri militant group Harkat-ul-Mujahideen attempt to hunt down?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the leader of Kashmir?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Pakistan claimed al-Qaeda had close ties with what area?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The median income for a household in the city was $26,969, and the median income for a family was $31,997. Males had a median income of $25,471 versus $23,863 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,402. About 19.1% of families and 23.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.1% of those under age 18 and 18.9% of those age 65 or over.
Question: What was the median income for a household in the city?
Answer: $26,969
Question: What was the median income for a family in the city?
Answer: $31,997
Question: What was the per capita income for the city?
Answer: $15,402
Question: What percentage of families in the city were living below the poverty line?
Answer: 19.1%
Question: What percentage of the population in the city were living below the poverty line?
Answer: 23.6% |
Context: The monastic communities of the Judean Desert also decorated their monasteries with mosaic floors. The Monastery of Martyrius was founded in the end of the 5th century and it was re-discovered in 1982–85. The most important work of art here is the intact geometric mosaic floor of the refectory although the severely damaged church floor was similarly rich. The mosaics in the church of the nearby Monastery of Euthymius are of later date (discovered in 1930). They were laid down in the Umayyad era, after a devastating earthquake in 659. Two six pointed stars and a red chalice are the most important surviving features.
Question: The churches of which desert decorated their monasteries with mosaics?
Answer: the Judean
Question: When was the Monastery of Martyrius created?
Answer: the end of the 5th century
Question: When was the Monastery of Martyrius re-discovered?
Answer: in 1982–85
Question: Where in the Monastery of Martyrius is the most important mosaic work?
Answer: the refectory
Question: What was the name of the monastery that was discovered in 1930?
Answer: Monastery of Euthymius |
Context: The population of the region is 14 million spread across eight countries. On the rim of the mountains, on the plateaus and the plains the economy consists of manufacturing and service jobs whereas in the higher altitudes and in the mountains farming is still essential to the economy. Farming and forestry continue to be mainstays of Alpine culture, industries that provide for export to the cities and maintain the mountain ecology.
Question: What is the population of the Alpine region?
Answer: 14 million
Question: What does the economy consist of on the rim of the mountains?
Answer: manufacturing and service jobs
Question: Farming and Forestry continue to be a mainstay of what?
Answer: Alpine culture |
Context: A series of new editors-in-chief oversaw the company during another slow time for the industry. Once again, Marvel attempted to diversify, and with the updating of the Comics Code achieved moderate to strong success with titles themed to horror (The Tomb of Dracula), martial arts, (Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu), sword-and-sorcery (Conan the Barbarian, Red Sonja), satire (Howard the Duck) and science fiction (2001: A Space Odyssey, "Killraven" in Amazing Adventures, Battlestar Galactica, Star Trek, and, late in the decade, the long-running Star Wars series). Some of these were published in larger-format black and white magazines, under its Curtis Magazines imprint. Marvel was able to capitalize on its successful superhero comics of the previous decade by acquiring a new newsstand distributor and greatly expanding its comics line. Marvel pulled ahead of rival DC Comics in 1972, during a time when the price and format of the standard newsstand comic were in flux. Goodman increased the price and size of Marvel's November 1971 cover-dated comics from 15 cents for 36 pages total to 25 cents for 52 pages. DC followed suit, but Marvel the following month dropped its comics to 20 cents for 36 pages, offering a lower-priced product with a higher distributor discount.
Question: What situation allowed Marvel to expand into more adult-themed genre stories?
Answer: the updating of the Comics Code
Question: What were two of Marvel's comic heroes in fantasy, swords and magic settings?
Answer: Conan the Barbarian, Red Sonja
Question: What waterfowl character had his own satire series of comic books?
Answer: Howard the Duck
Question: In what year did Marvel's sales overtake rival DC?
Answer: 1972
Question: How were some of Marvel's genre titles published in the 1970s?
Answer: larger-format black and white magazines, under its Curtis Magazines imprint
Question: What prevented Marvel from creating more adult-themed comics?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Marvel do that failed to be successful after the Comics Code was updated?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did DC Comics usurp Marvel's position as the top comics company?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did DC lower the price of its comics by?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was DC's horror series called?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1992, Madonna had a role in A League of Their Own as Mae Mordabito, a baseball player on an all-women's team. She recorded the film's theme song, "This Used to Be My Playground", which became a Hot 100 number one hit. The same year, she founded her own entertainment company, Maverick, consisting of a record company (Maverick Records), a film production company (Maverick Films), and associated music publishing, television broadcasting, book publishing and merchandising divisions. The deal was a joint venture with Time Warner and paid Madonna an advance of $60 million. It gave her 20% royalties from the music proceedings, one of the highest rates in the industry, equaled at that time only by Michael Jackson's royalty rate established a year earlier with Sony. The first release from the venture was Madonna's book, titled Sex. It consisted of sexually provocative and explicit images, photographed by Steven Meisel. The book received strong negative reaction from the media and the general public, but sold 1.5 million copies at $50 each in a matter of days. At the same time she released her fifth studio album, Erotica, which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200. Its title track peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100. Erotica also produced five singles: "Deeper and Deeper", "Bad Girl", "Fever", "Rain" and "Bye Bye Baby". Madonna had provocative imagery featured in the erotic thriller, Body of Evidence, a film which contained scenes of sadomasochism and bondage. It was poorly received by critics. She also starred in the film Dangerous Game, which was released straight to video in North America. The New York Times described the film as "angry and painful, and the pain feels real."
Question: Who did Madonna play in the role A League Of Their Own?
Answer: Mae Mordabito
Question: What is the film's theme song?
Answer: This Used to Be My Playground
Question: When did Madonna open her own entertainment company, Maverick?
Answer: 1992
Question: How much was the royalties paid to Madonna for the music proceedings?
Answer: 20%
Question: What was the name of the erotic thriller that shows scenes of sadomasochism and bondage?
Answer: Body of Evidence |
Context: As in much of Europe, the prosperity of Alsace came to an end in the 14th century by a series of harsh winters, bad harvests, and the Black Death. These hardships were blamed on Jews, leading to the pogroms of 1336 and 1339. In 1349, Jews of Alsace were accused of poisoning the wells with plague, leading to the massacre of thousands of Jews during the Strasbourg pogrom. Jews were subsequently forbidden to settle in the town. An additional natural disaster was the Rhine rift earthquake of 1356, one of Europe's worst which made ruins of Basel. Prosperity returned to Alsace under Habsburg administration during the Renaissance.
Question: About when did Alsace lose its prosperity?
Answer: 14th century
Question: Why did Alsace decline has a prospering territory?
Answer: harsh winters, bad harvests, and the Black Death
Question: Which group of people were wrongly blamed for all the disasters that struck the region?
Answer: blamed on Jews
Question: What were the jewish people accused of in Alsace?
Answer: accused of poisoning the wells with plague
Question: When did the Rhine Rift earthquake occur?
Answer: 1356,
Question: During what year were Jews blamed for the poor harvest?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What administration brought ruin to Alsace at the end of the 14th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Basel rebuilt?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What earthquake occured in 1336?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was aquitted of guilt for the Rhine rift earthquake?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Sexual identity and sexual behavior are closely related to sexual orientation, but they are distinguished, with sexual identity referring to an individual's conception of themselves, behavior referring to actual sexual acts performed by the individual, and orientation referring to "fantasies, attachments and longings." Individuals may or may not express their sexual orientation in their behaviors. People who have a homosexual sexual orientation that does not align with their sexual identity are sometimes referred to as 'closeted'. The term may, however, reflect a certain cultural context and particular stage of transition in societies which are gradually dealing with integrating sexual minorities. In studies related to sexual orientation, when dealing with the degree to which a person's sexual attractions, behaviors and identity match, scientists usually use the terms concordance or discordance. Thus, a woman who is attracted to other women, but calls herself heterosexual and only has sexual relations with men, can be said to experience discordance between her sexual orientation (homosexual or lesbian) and her sexual identity and behaviors (heterosexual).
Question: What is sexual identity defined as?
Answer: individual's conception of themselves
Question: What is sexual behavior defined as?
Answer: actual sexual acts performed by the individual
Question: What is sexual orientation defined as?
Answer: fantasies, attachments and longings
Question: What does the term closeted mean?
Answer: People who have a homosexual sexual orientation that does not align with their sexual identity
Question: What are the terms related to the degree to which a person's sexual attractions, behavior and identity match?
Answer: concordance or discordance
Question: What are the differences in sexual identity and sexual behaviour?
Answer: sexual identity referring to an individual's conception of themselves, behavior referring to actual sexual acts performed by the individual
Question: Does a person have to show their sexual oreintation in their personal acts?
Answer: Individuals may or may not express their sexual orientation in their behaviors.
Question: What is a term that can be used for someone who does not show their homosexuality openly?
Answer: closeted
Question: What word is used when somebodys sexual orientation, behaviors, and idenity do not match?
Answer: discordance
Question: Which word is used when somebodys sexual orientation, behaviors, and idenity match?
Answer: concordance |
Context: Miami is the southern terminus of Amtrak's Atlantic Coast services, running two lines, the Silver Meteor and the Silver Star, both terminating in New York City. The Miami Amtrak Station is located in the suburb of Hialeah near the Tri-Rail/Metrorail Station on NW 79 St and NW 38 Ave. Current construction of the Miami Central Station will move all Amtrak operations from its current out-of-the-way location to a centralized location with Metrorail, MIA Mover, Tri-Rail, Miami International Airport, and the Miami Intermodal Center all within the same station closer to Downtown. The station was expected to be completed by 2012, but experienced several delays and was later expected to be completed in late 2014, again pushed back to early 2015.
Question: Along with the Silver Star, what Amtrak line runs to Miami?
Answer: Silver Meteor
Question: From Miami, to where does the Silver Star run?
Answer: New York City
Question: In what city is the Miami Amtrak Station?
Answer: Hialeah
Question: In what year was the Miami Central Station originally supposed to have been completed?
Answer: 2012
Question: After the first delay, in what year was the Miami Central Station supposed to open?
Answer: 2014
Question: Along with the Silver Star, what Amtrak line no longer runs to Miami?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From Miami, to where doesn't the Silver Star run?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what country is the Miami Amtrak Station?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was the Miami Central Station originally supposed to have been incomplete?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: After the first delay, in what year was the Miami Central Station supposed to close?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Lavoisier produced hydrogen for his experiments on mass conservation by reacting a flux of steam with metallic iron through an incandescent iron tube heated in a fire. Anaerobic oxidation of iron by the protons of water at high temperature can be schematically represented by the set of following reactions:
Question: How did Lavoisier produce hydrogen for his experiments?
Answer: reacting a flux of steam with metallic iron through an incandescent iron tube heated in a fire |
Context: Congress may establish "legislative courts," which do not take the form of judicial agencies or commissions, whose members do not have the same security of tenure or compensation as the constitutional court judges. Legislative courts may not exercise the judicial power of the United States. In Murray's Lessee v. Hoboken Land & Improvement Co. (1856), the Supreme Court held that a legislative court may not decide "a suit at the common law, or in equity, or admiralty," as such a suit is inherently judicial. Legislative courts may only adjudicate "public rights" questions (cases between the government and an individual and political determinations).
Question: What kind of courts did congress establish?
Answer: legislative courts
Question: What power are legislative courts not allowed to exercise?
Answer: judicial power of the United States
Question: Which type of courts are established by Hoboken Land & Improvement CO.?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which form do legislative courts take?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which power of the United States may legislative courts exercise?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which questions are legislative courts not able to adjudicate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which type of courts do legislative courts create in the form of judicial agencies?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: New Delhi has one of India's largest bus transport systems. Buses are operated by the state-owned Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC), which owns largest fleet of compressed natural gas (CNG)-fueled buses in the world. Personal vehicles especially cars also form a major chunk of vehicles plying on New Delhi roads. New Delhi has the highest number of registered cars compared to any other metropolitan city in India. Taxis and Auto Rickshaws also ply on New Delhi roads in large numbers. New Delhi has one of the highest road density in India.
Question: What state-owned organization operates New Delhi's bus transport system?
Answer: Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC)
Question: Delhi Transport Company owns the world's largest fleet of buses powered by what type of fuel?
Answer: compressed natural gas
Question: What city has the highest number of registered cars of any city in India?
Answer: New Delhi
Question: What large metropolis has some of the highest road density in India?
Answer: New Delhi
Question: What type of vehicle transport system is owned by the Delhi Transport Corporation?
Answer: Buses |
Context: The double indirect method can be used when it is important to see the work during the creation process as it will appear when completed. The tesserae are placed face-up on a medium (often adhesive-backed paper, sticky plastic or soft lime or putty) as it will appear when installed. When the mosaic is complete, a similar medium is placed atop it. The piece is then turned over, the original underlying material is carefully removed, and the piece is installed as in the indirect method described above. In comparison to the indirect method, this is a complex system to use and requires great skill on the part of the operator, to avoid damaging the work. Its greatest advantage lies in the possibility of the operator directly controlling the final result of the work, which is important e.g. when the human figure is involved. This method was created in 1989 by Maurizio Placuzzi and registered for industrial use (patent n. 0000222556) under the name of his company, Sicis International Srl, now Sicis The Art Mosaic Factory Srl.
Question: When is the double indirect method of mosaic useful?
Answer: when it is important to see the work
Question: What is the most powerful aspect of the double indirect method?
Answer: directly controlling the final result of the work
Question: When was the double indirect method invented?
Answer: 1989
Question: Who invented the double indirect method?
Answer: Maurizio Placuzzi
Question: What is used as a backing adhesive for the double indirect method besides putty or paper?
Answer: sticky plastic |
Context: In Canada, the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary was founded in 1729, making it the first police force in present-day Canada. It was followed in 1834 by the Toronto Police, and in 1838 by police forces in Montreal and Quebec City. A national force, the Dominion Police, was founded in 1868. Initially the Dominion Police provided security for parliament, but its responsibilities quickly grew. The famous Royal Northwest Mounted Police was founded in 1873. The merger of these two police forces in 1920 formed the world-famous Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
Question: When did Canada get its first police?
Answer: 1729
Question: What was Canada's first police force?
Answer: Royal Newfoundland Constabulary
Question: When was the Toronto police created?
Answer: 1834
Question: When was the Montreal police created?
Answer: 1838
Question: When were the first Mounties created?
Answer: 1873
Question: When did Canada get its last police?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What wasn't Canada's first police force?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Toronto police destroyed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Montreal police not created?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When were the first Mounties destroyed?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Kerry chaired the Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs from 1991 to 1993. The committee's report, which Kerry endorsed, stated there was "no compelling evidence that proves that any American remains alive in captivity in Southeast Asia." In 1994 the Senate passed a resolution, sponsored by Kerry and fellow Vietnam veteran John McCain, that called for an end to the existing trade embargo against Vietnam; it was intended to pave the way for normalization. In 1995, President Bill Clinton normalized diplomatic relations with the country of Vietnam.
Question: What committee did Kerry chair in 1991-1993?
Answer: the Senate Select Committee on POW/MIA Affairs
Question: What did the POW/MIA committee conclude about Vietnam POWs?
Answer: there was "no compelling evidence that proves that any American remains alive in captivity in Southeast Asia."
Question: When did Kerry sponsor a resolution to reopen trade with Vietnam?
Answer: 1994
Question: Who sponsored the resolution to reopen trade with Vietnam, along with Kerry?
Answer: John McCain
Question: When did Bill Clinton normalize relations with Vietnam?
Answer: 1995 |
Context: The earliest occurrences of the term in non-Christian literature include Josephus, referring to "the tribe of Christians, so named from him;" Pliny the Younger in correspondence with Trajan; and Tacitus, writing near the end of the 1st century. In the Annals he relates that "by vulgar appellation [they were] commonly called Christians" and identifies Christians as Nero's scapegoats for the Great Fire of Rome.
Question: What is one of the first mentions of the term Christian in a non-religious work, referring to a tribe of Christians?
Answer: Josephus
Question: Which non-religious piece of literature had the term Christian in it towards the end of the first century?
Answer: Tacitus
Question: Christians were said to be the scapegoat of who?
Answer: Nero
Question: Which group is identified as Tacitus scapegoat for the Great Fire of Rome?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which group is identified as Nero's scapegoats for the Great Fire of Pliny the Younger?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What term refers to the tribe of Trajan and so it is named from him?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Trajan was said to be the scapegoat of who?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Pliny the Younger was said to be the scapegoat of who?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In economics, the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, emotions are analyzed in some sub-fields of microeconomics, in order to assess the role of emotions on purchase decision-making and risk perception. In criminology, a social science approach to the study of crime, scholars often draw on behavioral sciences, sociology, and psychology; emotions are examined in criminology issues such as anomie theory and studies of "toughness," aggressive behavior, and hooliganism. In law, which underpins civil obedience, politics, economics and society, evidence about people's emotions is often raised in tort law claims for compensation and in criminal law prosecutions against alleged lawbreakers (as evidence of the defendant's state of mind during trials, sentencing, and parole hearings). In political science, emotions are examined in a number of sub-fields, such as the analysis of voter decision-making.
Question: In what economics sub-field are emotions discussed?
Answer: microeconomics
Question: What is a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed?
Answer: the analysis of voter decision-making
Question: Along with criminal law, what facet of law considers evidence related to emotion?
Answer: tort law
Question: Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline informs the field of criminology?
Answer: psychology
Question: Along with risk perception, what do economists study emotion in relate to?
Answer: purchase decision-making
Question: In what economics sub-field are emotions not discussed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is not a notable political science subfield where emotions are analyzed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with criminal law, what facet of law doesn't consider evidence related to emotion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with sociology and behavioral sciences, what discipline does not inform the field of criminology?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Area air defence, the air defence of a specific area or location, (as opposed to point defence), have historically been operated by both armies (Anti-Aircraft Command in the British Army, for instance) and Air Forces (the United States Air Force's CIM-10 Bomarc). Area defence systems have medium to long range and can be made up of various other systems and networked into an area defence system (in which case it may be made up of several short range systems combined to effectively cover an area). An example of area defence is the defence of Saudi Arabia and Israel by MIM-104 Patriot missile batteries during the first Gulf War, where the objective was to cover populated areas.
Question: What is the air defence of a certain area called?
Answer: Area air defence
Question: Armies as well as what group have operated area air defences?
Answer: Air Forces
Question: What U.S. Air Forces operated area air defence?
Answer: CIM-10 Bomarc
Question: What range do area defence systems have?
Answer: medium to long range
Question: What was the objective of the MIM-104 Patriot Missile batteries during the first Gulf War?
Answer: to cover populated areas |
Context: After a death sentence is affirmed in state collateral review, the prisoner may file for federal habeas corpus, which is a unique type of lawsuit that can be brought in federal courts. Federal habeas corpus is a species of collateral review, and it is the only way that state prisoners may attack a death sentence in federal court (other than petitions for certiorari to the United States Supreme Court after both direct review and state collateral review). The scope of federal habeas corpus is governed by the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, which restricted significantly its previous scope. The purpose of federal habeas corpus is to ensure that state courts, through the process of direct review and state collateral review, have done at least a reasonable job in protecting the prisoner's federal constitutional rights. Prisoners may also use federal habeas corpus suits to bring forth new evidence that they are innocent of the crime, though to be a valid defense at this late stage in the process, evidence of innocence must be truly compelling.
Question: What act restricted the scope of federal habeas corpus?
Answer: the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996
Question: How may state prisoners seek to have a death sentence overturned in federal court?
Answer: Federal habeas corpus
Question: In what courts can federal habeas corpus suits be brought?
Answer: federal
Question: If prisoners use federal habeas corpus to present evidence that they're innocent, what must the evidence be?
Answer: truly compelling
Question: What act didn't restrict the scope of federal habeas corpus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How may state prisoners seek to have a death sentence not overturned in federal court?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: If prisoners use federal habeas corpus to present evidence that they're guilty, what must the evidence be?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The pagan Slavic populations were Christianized between the 6th and 10th centuries. Orthodox Christianity is predominant in the East and South Slavs, while Roman Catholicism is predominant in West Slavs and the western South Slavs. The religious borders are largely comparable to the East–West Schism which began in the 11th century. The majority of contemporary Slavic populations who profess a religion are Orthodox, followed by Catholic, while a small minority are Protestant. There are minor Slavic Muslim groups. Religious delineations by nationality can be very sharp; usually in the Slavic ethnic groups the vast majority of religious people share the same religion. Some Slavs are atheist or agnostic: only 19% of Czechs professed belief in god/s in the 2005 Eurobarometer survey.
Question: When were pagan Slavic populations Christianized?
Answer: between the 6th and 10th centuries
Question: What religion is predominant in the East and South Slavs?
Answer: Orthodox Christianity
Question: What religion is predominant in the West and western South Slavs?
Answer: Roman Catholicism
Question: When did the East-West Schism begin?
Answer: 11th century
Question: The majority of contemporary Slavic populations who profess a religion are what?
Answer: Orthodox
Question: What schism began in the 10th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Most of what populations are Muslim?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of Slavs are atheist?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Slavic populations become more atheistic?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What nationality is the Protestant religion common in?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the 1980s, parents of mixed-race children began to organize and lobby for the addition of a more inclusive term of racial designation that would reflect the heritage of their children. When the U.S. government proposed the addition of the category of "bi-racial" or "multiracial" in 1988, the response from the public was mostly negative. Some African-American organizations, and African-American political leaders, such as Congresswoman Diane Watson and Congressman Augustus Hawkins, were particularly vocal in their rejection of the category, as they feared the loss of political and economic power if African Americans reduced their numbers by self-identification.
Question: When did multiracial people start to organize for more inclusive racial identifiers?
Answer: In the 1980s
Question: What was the response to the idea of identifying people as biracial or multiracial?
Answer: mostly negative
Question: What could have cause loss of power via the use of the term biracial and multiracial?
Answer: if African Americans reduced their numbers by self-identification
Question: Who are some of the opponents of biracial and multiracial as identifiers?
Answer: Congresswoman Diane Watson and Congressman Augustus Hawkins
Question: What did parents of mixed race children lobby for before the 1980s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the response from the public like when the U.S. government proposed dropping the category of "bi-racial"?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What political leader was vocally in favor of the multiracial category?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why was Diane Watson in favor of the multiracial category?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a way African Americans could increase their numbers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On October 21, 1959, Eisenhower approved the transfer of the Army's remaining space-related activities to NASA. On July 1, 1960, the Redstone Arsenal became NASA's George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, with von Braun as its first director. Development of the Saturn rocket family, which when mature, would finally give the US parity with the Soviets in terms of lifting capability, was thus transferred to NASA.
Question: The Redstone Arsenal became the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center when?
Answer: July 1, 1960
Question: Who was the first director in charge of the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center?
Answer: von Braun |
Context: In the Middle Ages, the Church and the worldly authorities were closely related. Martin Luther separated the religious and the worldly realms in principle (doctrine of the two kingdoms). The believers were obliged to use reason to govern the worldly sphere in an orderly and peaceful way. Luther's doctrine of the priesthood of all believers upgraded the role of laymen in the church considerably. The members of a congregation had the right to elect a minister and, if necessary, to vote for his dismissal (Treatise On the right and authority of a Christian assembly or congregation to judge all doctrines and to call, install and dismiss teachers, as testified in Scripture; 1523). Calvin strengthened this basically democratic approach by including elected laymen (church elders, presbyters) in his representative church government. The Huguenots added regional synods and a national synod, whose members were elected by the congregations, to Calvin's system of church self-government. This system was taken over by the other reformed churches.
Question: What was the name of the doctrine that separated church and non-religious affairs?
Answer: doctrine of the two kingdoms
Question: When was the treatise that allowed a congregation to elect or remove a minister?
Answer: 1523
Question: Who added the election of laymen to church government?
Answer: Calvin
Question: Who added synods to church government?
Answer: The Huguenots
Question: What were Luther's followers advised to use when governing worldly affairs?
Answer: reason |
Context: Prior to the designation of immunity from the etymological root immunis, which is Latin for "exempt"; early physicians characterized organs that would later be proven as essential components of the immune system. The important lymphoid organs of the immune system are the thymus and bone marrow, and chief lymphatic tissues such as spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, adenoids, and liver. When health conditions worsen to emergency status, portions of immune system organs including the thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues can be surgically excised for examination while patients are still alive.
Question: The term immunology is derived from a Latin word that means what?
Answer: exempt
Question: What are the major organs of the immune system?
Answer: thymus and bone marrow, and chief lymphatic tissues such as spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, adenoids, and liver
Question: Who originally discovered these parts of the immune system?
Answer: early physicians
Question: How do physicians study a patient's immune system organs in emergency situations?
Answer: surgically excised for examination while patients are still alive
Question: Which portions of the immune system can be safely removed in these emergency cases?
Answer: thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues |
Context: The most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to Chinese alone. Since its inception, Hellenism was primarily a matter of common culture and the national continuity of the Greek world is a lot more certain than its demographic. Yet, Hellenism also embodied an ancestral dimension through aspects of Athenian literature that developed and influenced ideas of descent based on autochthony. During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire, areas such as Ionia and Constantinople experienced a Hellenic revival in language, philosophy, and literature and on classical models of thought and scholarship. This revival provided a powerful impetus to the sense of cultural affinity with ancient Greece and its classical heritage. The cultural changes undergone by the Greeks are, despite a surviving common sense of ethnicity, undeniable. At the same time, the Greeks have retained their language and alphabet, certain values and cultural traditions, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion, (the word barbarian was used by 12th-century historian Anna Komnene to describe non-Greek speakers), a sense of Greek identity and common sense of ethnicity despite the global political and social changes of the past two millennia.
Question: What is the easiest connection between the Greeks of old and those of today ?
Answer: most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language
Question: How log did the age of darkness last for the Greeks ?
Answer: Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC)
Question: Who else has a history as long standing as those of the Greeks ?
Answer: continuity of tradition to Chinese alone
Question: When did most of the Eastward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations ?
Answer: During the later years of the Eastern Roman Empire
Question: What aspects of the Greek culture have remained steadfast throughout the years ?
Answer: retained their language and alphabet, certain values and cultural traditions, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion
Question: What is the most difficult connection between the Greeks of old and those of today?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How log did the age of lightness last for the Greeks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who else has a history as long standing as those of the Irish?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did most of the Westward sector of the Roman expanse choose to have a rebirth of Greek traditions and appreciations?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Retailers, sporting goods makers, and other businesses benefit from extra afternoon sunlight, as it induces customers to shop and to participate in outdoor afternoon sports. In 1984, Fortune magazine estimated that a seven-week extension of DST would yield an additional $30 million for 7-Eleven stores, and the National Golf Foundation estimated the extension would increase golf industry revenues $200 million to $300 million. A 1999 study estimated that DST increases the revenue of the European Union's leisure sector by about 3%.
Question: What category of goods that are used in outdoor activities benefit from the extra hour of daylight from DST?
Answer: sporting goods
Question: What organization predicted a $100 million increase for the golf sector because of extended DST?
Answer: the National Golf Foundation
Question: What year did Fortune magazine make predictions about the increased revenue an extended daylight savings would provide?
Answer: 1984
Question: According to a study in 1999, daylight savings has caused what approximate percentage of increase in leisure industry revenue in the European Union?
Answer: 3%
Question: How much extra money from DST did Fortune predict for 7-Eleven on account of DST?
Answer: $30 million |
Context: A solar balloon is a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air. As sunlight shines on the balloon, the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force, much like an artificially heated hot air balloon. Some solar balloons are large enough for human flight, but usage is generally limited to the toy market as the surface-area to payload-weight ratio is relatively high.
Question: What is a solar balloon?
Answer: a black balloon that is filled with ordinary air
Question: What happens when sunlight shines on a solar balloon?
Answer: the air inside is heated and expands causing an upward buoyancy force
Question: What is the use of solar balloons typically limited to?
Answer: the toy market
Question: Why is the use of solar balloons typically limited to the toy market?
Answer: the surface-area to payload-weight ratio is relatively high |
Context: The Empire was established in 1336 by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. The empire rose to prominence as a culmination of attempts by the southern powers to ward off Islamic invasions by the end of the 13th century. The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surround present day Hampi, now a World Heritage Site in Karnataka, India. The empire's legacy includes many monuments spread over South India, the best known of which is the group at Hampi. The previous temple building traditions in South India came together in the Vijayanagara Architecture style. The mingling of all faiths and vernaculars inspired architectural innovation of Hindu temple construction, first in the Deccan and later in the Dravidian idioms using the local granite. South Indian mathematics flourished under the protection of the Vijayanagara Empire in Kerala. The south Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama founded the famous Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics in the 14th century which produced a lot of great south Indian mathematicians like Parameshvara, Nilakantha Somayaji and Jyeṣṭhadeva in medieval south India. Efficient administration and vigorous overseas trade brought new technologies such as water management systems for irrigation. The empire's patronage enabled fine arts and literature to reach new heights in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil and Sanskrit, while Carnatic music evolved into its current form. The Vijayanagara Empire created an epoch in South Indian history that transcended regionalism by promoting Hinduism as a unifying factor. The empire reached its peak during the rule of Sri Krishnadevaraya when Vijayanagara armies were consistently victorious. The empire annexed areas formerly under the Sultanates in the northern Deccan and the territories in the eastern Deccan, including Kalinga, while simultaneously maintaining control over all its subordinates in the south. Many important monuments were either completed or commissioned during the time of Krishna Deva Raya. Vijayanagara went into decline after the defeat in the Battle of Talikota (1565).
Question: In what year was Sangama Dynasty formed?
Answer: 1336
Question: At what location are the best known monuments in the south of India?
Answer: Hampi
Question: What mathematician founded the Kerala school of astronomy?
Answer: Madhava of Sangamagrama
Question: When was the Kerala school established?
Answer: 14th century
Question: What did the Vijayanagara Empire promote to unify Indian culture?
Answer: Hinduism |
Context: PlayStation 3 console protects certain types of data and uses digital rights management to limit the data's use. Purchased games and content from the PlayStation Network store are governed by PlayStation's Network Digital Rights Management (NDRM). The NDRM allows users to access the data from up to 2 different PlayStation 3's that have been activated using a user's PlayStation Network ID. PlayStation 3 also limits the transfer of copy protected videos downloaded from its store to other machines and states that copy protected video "may not restore correctly" following certain actions after making a backup such as downloading a new copy protected movie.
Question: What does the abbreviation "NDRM" represent?
Answer: Network Digital Rights Management
Question: How many different PS3s can one user access?
Answer: 2
Question: What identifier allows a player to activate a PlayStation 3?
Answer: PlayStation Network ID
Question: PlayStation has safeguards in place to prevent illegal use of what type of movies or video?
Answer: copy protected
Question: How does PS4 limit data use?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: PlayStation's Network store governs purchased what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: PS4 limits the transfer of what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What will restore correctly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What doesn't the abbreviation "NDRM" represent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the abbreviation "NERD" represent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many same PS3s can one user access?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What identifier allows a player to deactivate a PlayStation 3?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: PlayStation has safeguards in place to prevent legal use of what type of movies or video?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Throughout most of his career, Athanasius had many detractors. Classical scholar Timothy Barnes relates contemporary allegations against Athanasius: from defiling an altar, to selling Church grain that had been meant to feed the poor for his own personal gain, and even violence and murder to suppress dissent. Athanasius used "Arian" to describe both followers of Arius, and as a derogatory polemical term for Christians who disagreed with his formulation of the Trinity. Athanasius called many of his opponents "Arian", except for Miletus.
Question: Was Athanasius well liked by everyone?
Answer: many detractors
Question: What was he accused of doing to a church?
Answer: defiling an altar
Question: He was accused of selling grain for what reason?
Answer: his own personal gain
Question: What did he call his detractors?
Answer: Arian
Question: What did the term Arian mean to him?
Answer: Christians who disagreed with his formulation
Question: Who liked Athanasius?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was he accused of doing to a mosque?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did he not call his detractors?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the term Arian not mean to him?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Times commissioned the serif typeface Times New Roman, created by Victor Lardent at the English branch of Monotype, in 1931. It was commissioned after Stanley Morison had written an article criticizing The Times for being badly printed and typographically antiquated. The font was supervised by Morison and drawn by Victor Lardent, an artist from the advertising department of The Times. Morison used an older font named Plantin as the basis for his design, but made revisions for legibility and economy of space. Times New Roman made its debut in the issue of 3 October 1932. After one year, the design was released for commercial sale. The Times stayed with Times New Roman for 40 years, but new production techniques and the format change from broadsheet to tabloid in 2004 have caused the newspaper to switch font five times since 1972. However, all the new fonts have been variants of the original New Roman font:
Question: The Times commissioned what serif typeface in 1931?
Answer: Times New Roman
Question: Who is the creator of the serif typeface created in 1931 for The Times newspaper?
Answer: Victor Lardent
Question: Who commissioned the change of the typeface of The Times in 1931?
Answer: Stanley Morison
Question: What is the name of the typeface that Times New Roman is based on?
Answer: Plantin
Question: How many years has The Times stayed with Times New Roman?
Answer: 40 |
Context: The formation of the Alps (the Alpine orogeny) was an episodic process that began about 300 million years ago. In the Paleozoic Era the Pangaean supercontinent consisted of a single tectonic plate; it broke into separate plates during the Mesozoic Era and the Tethys sea developed between Laurasia and Gondwana during the Jurassic Period. The Tethys was later squeezed between colliding plates causing the formation of mountain ranges called the Alpide belt, from Gibraltar through the Himalayas to Indonesia—a process that began at the end of the Mesozoic and continues into the present. The formation of the Alps was a segment of this orogenic process, caused by the collision between the African and the Eurasian plates that began in the late Cretaceous Period.
Question: When did the formation of the alps began?
Answer: about 300 million years ago
Question: What did the Pangaean supercontinent consisted of what during the Paleozoic Era?
Answer: a single tectonic plate
Question: When did the single tectonic plate break into separate plates?
Answer: the Mesozoic Era
Question: The Tethys sea developed during what period of time?
Answer: Jurassic Period
Question: The collision between the African and the Eurasian plates began during what time?
Answer: the late Cretaceous Period |
Context: High levels of precipitation cause the glaciers to descend to permafrost levels in some areas whereas in other, more arid regions, glaciers remain above about the 3,500 m (11,483 ft) level. The 1,817 square kilometres (702 sq mi) of the Alps covered by glaciers in 1876 had shrunk to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi) by 1973, resulting in decreased river run-off levels. Forty percent of the glaciation in Austria has disappeared since 1850, and 30% of that in Switzerland.
Question: What cause the glaciers to descend to permafrost levels in some areas?
Answer: High levels of precipitation
Question: From 1876 to 1973, how much did the glaciers that covered the Alps shrink?
Answer: to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi)
Question: What resulted from the loss of the area the glaciers over the Alps?
Answer: decreased river run-off levels.
Question: How much of the glaciation in Austria disappeared?
Answer: Forty percent
Question: How much of the glaciation disappeared in Switzerland?
Answer: 30% |
Context: In Europe and Australia, the system was released to two separate marketing regions. One region consisted of most of mainland Europe (excluding Italy), and distribution there was handled by a number of different companies, with Nintendo responsible for most cartridge releases. Most of this region saw a 1986 release. Mattel handled distribution for the other region, consisting of the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Italy, Australia and New Zealand, starting the following year. Not until the 1990s did Nintendo's newly created European branch direct distribution throughout Europe.
Question: Where was the system released to two separate marketing areas?
Answer: Europe and Australia
Question: One region comprised the entirety of mainland Europe save for which country?
Answer: Italy
Question: Who released cartridges in mainland Europe?
Answer: Nintendo
Question: Who handled distribution in the other region?
Answer: Mattel
Question: When did the European brance finally directly distribute throughout Europe?
Answer: 1990s
Question: Where was the system released to three separate marketing areas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: One region comprised the entirety of mainland Asia save for which country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who released cartridges in mainland Asia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who didn't handle distribution in the other region?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the European brance finally directly redistribute throughout Europe?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Epicureans and the Cynics rejected public offices and civic service, which amounted to a rejection of the polis itself, the defining institution of the Greek world. Epicurus promoted atomism and an asceticism based on freedom from pain as its ultimate goal. Cynics such as Diogenes of Sinope rejected all material possessions and social conventions (nomos) as unnatural and useless. The Cyrenaics meanwhile, embraced hedonism, arguing that pleasure was the only true good. Stoicism, founded by Zeno of Citium, taught that virtue was sufficient for eudaimonia as it would allow one to live in accordance with Nature or Logos. Zeno became extremely popular, the Athenians set up a gold statue of him and Antigonus II Gonatas invited him to the Macedonian court. The philosophical schools of Aristotle (the Peripatetics of the Lyceum) and Plato (Platonism at the Academy) also remained influential. The academy would eventually turn to Academic Skepticism under Arcesilaus until it was rejected by Antiochus of Ascalon (c. 90 BCE) in favor of Neoplatonism. Hellenistic philosophy, had a significant influence on the Greek ruling elite. Examples include Athenian statesman Demetrius of Phaleron, who had studied in the lyceum; the Spartan king Cleomenes III who was a student of the Stoic Sphairos of Borysthenes and Antigonus II who was also a well known Stoic. This can also be said of the Roman upper classes, were Stoicism was dominant, as seen in the Meditations of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius and the works of Cicero.
Question: Who promoted freedom from pain as the ultimate goal?
Answer: Epicurus
Question: Who said social norms and material possesions were unnatural and useless?
Answer: Diogenes of Sinope
Question: Which group embraced hedonism?
Answer: Cyrenaics
Question: Who founded Stoicism?
Answer: Zeno of Citium
Question: Who rejected Academic Skepticism in favor of Neoplatonism?
Answer: Antiochus of Ascalon |
Context: Roughly 70% of the area in the RSFSR consisted of broad plains, with mountainous tundra regions mainly concentrated in the east. The area is rich in mineral resources, including petroleum, natural gas, and iron ore.
Question: What percentage of the RSFSR was made up of plains?
Answer: 70%
Question: In what part of the RSFSR did tundra mainly exist?
Answer: the east
Question: Along with petroleum and iron ore, what resource was abundant in the RSFSR?
Answer: natural gas
Question: What percentage of the RSFSR wasn't made up of plains?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what part of the RSFSR did tundra mainly not exist?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with petroleum and iron ore, what resource was depleted in the RSFSR?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What scarce resources are there?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are the desert regions mainly concentrated?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Bilateral treaties are concluded between two states or entities. It is possible, however, for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties; consider for instance the bilateral treaties between Switzerland and the European Union (EU) following the Swiss rejection of the European Economic Area agreement. Each of these treaties has seventeen parties. These however are still bilateral, not multilateral, treaties. The parties are divided into two groups, the Swiss ("on the one part") and the EU and its member states ("on the other part"). The treaty establishes rights and obligations between the Swiss and the EU and the member states severally—it does not establish any rights and obligations amongst the EU and its member states.[citation needed]
Question: Bilateral treaties are concluded between how many states or entities?
Answer: two
Question: Is it possible for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties?
Answer: It is possible
Question: The bilateral treaties between Switzerland and the European Union followed the Swiss rejection of what?
Answer: the European Economic Area agreement
Question: Does the bilateral treaty between Switzerland and the European Union establish rights or obligations amongst the EU and its member states?
Answer: it does not
Question: The treaty between Switzerland and the European Union is an example of what kind of treaty?
Answer: bilateral |
Context: Agricultural production is concentrated on small farms.[citation needed] The most important commercial crops are coconuts, tomatoes, melons, and breadfruit.[citation needed]
Question: Along with coconuts, tomatoes and melons, what crops are notably grown in the Marshalls?
Answer: breadfruit
Question: Where does most agricultural production take place?
Answer: small farms |
Context: The U.S. Army black beret (having been permanently replaced with the patrol cap) is no longer worn with the new ACU for garrison duty. After years of complaints that it wasn't suited well for most work conditions, Army Chief of Staff General Martin Dempsey eliminated it for wear with the ACU in June 2011. Soldiers still wear berets who are currently in a unit in jump status, whether the wearer is parachute-qualified, or not (maroon beret), Members of the 75th Ranger Regiment and the Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade (tan beret), and Special Forces (rifle green beret) and may wear it with the Army Service Uniform for non-ceremonial functions. Unit commanders may still direct the wear of patrol caps in these units in training environments or motor pools.
Question: What piece of the uniform has been replaced by the patrol cap?
Answer: black beret
Question: Who was the Army Chief of Staff at this time?
Answer: General Martin Dempsey
Question: What month and year was the black beret replaced?
Answer: June 2011
Question: If a soldier is in a unit in jump status, what color beret do they wear?
Answer: maroon
Question: The rifle green beret is worn by whom?
Answer: Special Forces
Question: What piece of uniform has been replaced by the patrol top?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the Navy Chief of Staff at this time?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What month and year was the black shirt replaced?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What color beret does a soldier in a unit with permanent status wear?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What color beret does the member of the 76th Ranger Regiment wear?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer, aphids are generally female and parthenogenetic; in the autumn, males may be produced for sexual reproduction. Other insects produced by parthenogenesis are bees, wasps and ants, in which they spawn males. However, overall, most individuals are female, which are produced by fertilization. The males are haploid and the females are diploid. More rarely, some insects display hermaphroditism, in which a given individual has both male and female reproductive organs.
Question: How many insects use parthenogenesis?
Answer: Some
Question: GIving birth without fertilized eggs is called what?
Answer: parthenogenesis
Question: What usually partakes in a form of parthenogenesis?
Answer: aphids
Question: Aphis have asexual and sexual what?
Answer: reproduction
Question: Aphis are usually female and what else during the summer?
Answer: parthenogenetic |
Context: In the Paris Agreements of 23 October 1954, France offered to establish an independent "Saarland", under the auspices of the Western European Union (WEU), but on 23 October 1955 in the Saar Statute referendum the Saar electorate rejected this plan by 67.7% to 32.3% (out of a 96.5% turnout: 423,434 against, 201,975 for) despite the public support of Federal German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer for the plan. The rejection of the plan by the Saarlanders was interpreted as support for the Saar to join the Federal Republic of Germany.
Question: In what negotiation did France offer to establish the independent Saarland?
Answer: Paris Agreements
Question: In the 23 October 1955 Saar Statute referendum, what percentage opposed the formation of the Saarland?
Answer: 67.7%
Question: What was the Saar Statute referendum voter turnout?
Answer: 96.5%
Question: Which political figure supported the Saar Statute referendum?
Answer: Chancellor Konrad Adenauer
Question: The rejection of the plan by the Saarlanders was interpreted as support for the Saar to do what?
Answer: join the Federal Republic of Germany.
Question: What did France offer in the French agreements of 1954?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was under the auspices of the Eastern European Union?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: By what percentage did the Saar Statute referendum pass?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What referendum was passed by the electorate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which German Chancellor was against the Saar Statute referendum?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Some scholars and organizations disagree with the notion of "separation of church and state", or the way the Supreme Court has interpreted the constitutional limitation on religious establishment. Such critics generally argue that the phrase misrepresents the textual requirements of the Constitution, while noting that many aspects of church and state were intermingled at the time the Constitution was ratified. These critics argue that the prevalent degree of separation of church and state could not have been intended by the constitutional framers. Some of the intermingling between church and state include religious references in official contexts, and such other founding documents as the United States Declaration of Independence, which references the idea of a "Creator" and "Nature's God", though these references did not ultimately appear in the Constitution nor do they mention any particular religious view of a "Creator" or "Nature's God."
Question: What do some organizations disagree with the notion of?
Answer: separation of church and state
Question: What do scholars also disagree with about the way the Supreme Court has interpreted what?
Answer: constitutional limitation on religious establishment
Question: What do the critics argue the phrase misrepresents?
Answer: the textual requirements of the Constitution
Question: What do critics note were intermingled at the time the Constitution was ratified?
Answer: many aspects of church and state
Question: What do these critics argue couldn't have been intended by the framers of the constitution?
Answer: prevalent degree of separation of church and state
Question: What do some organizations agree with the notion of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do scholars also agree with about the way the Supreme Court has interpreted what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What don't the critics argue the phrase misrepresents?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do critics note were intermingled at the time the Constitution was not ratified?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do these critics argue could have been intended by the framers of the constitution?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Countering Krugman, Peter J. Wallison wrote: "It is not true that every bubble—even a large bubble—has the potential to cause a financial crisis when it deflates." Wallison notes that other developed countries had "large bubbles during the 1997–2007 period" but "the losses associated with mortgage delinquencies and defaults when these bubbles deflated were far lower than the losses suffered in the United States when the 1997–2007 [bubble] deflated." According to Wallison, the reason the U.S. residential housing bubble (as opposed to other types of bubbles) led to financial crisis was that it was supported by a huge number of substandard loans – generally with low or no downpayments.
Question: Peter J. Wallison believes that the huge number of these loans led to the financial crisis?
Answer: substandard
Question: What type downpayments do substandard loans generally have?
Answer: low or no downpayments
Question: According to Peter J. Wallison, why did the U.S. residential housing bubble led to financial crisis?
Answer: it was supported by a huge number of substandard loans
Question: Other countries had large residential housing bubbles that deflated during what years?
Answer: 1997–2007
Question: Peter J. Wallison's conclusions regarding the financial crisis are not in agreement with this economist's views?
Answer: Krugman |
Context: The relational model, first proposed in 1970 by Edgar F. Codd, departed from this tradition by insisting that applications should search for data by content, rather than by following links. The relational model employs sets of ledger-style tables, each used for a different type of entity. Only in the mid-1980s did computing hardware become powerful enough to allow the wide deployment of relational systems (DBMSs plus applications). By the early 1990s, however, relational systems dominated in all large-scale data processing applications, and as of 2015[update] they remain dominant : IBM DB2, Oracle, MySQL and Microsoft SQL Server are the top DBMS. The dominant database language, standardised SQL for the relational model, has influenced database languages for other data models.[citation needed]
Question: Who created the relational model of DBMS?
Answer: Edgar F. Codd
Question: Instead of using links, how was information found in a relational model?
Answer: by content
Question: In what decade did computer hardware become able to handle a relational system?
Answer: 1980s
Question: What type of system in still prominent to this day?
Answer: relational systems
Question: What database language is the most prominent?
Answer: SQL
Question: Who was falsely misrepresented as having created the relational model of DBMS?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How was information lost in a relational model?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What decade did computer hardware lose the ability to handle a relational system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of system in rarely seen to this day?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What database language is now outlawed?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: BBC Television returned on 7 June 1946 at 15:00. Jasmine Bligh, one of the original announcers, made the first announcement, saying, 'Good afternoon everybody. How are you? Do you remember me, Jasmine Bligh?'. The Mickey Mouse cartoon of 1939 was repeated twenty minutes later.[unreliable source?] Alexandra Palace was the home base of the channel until the early 1950s when the majority of production moved into the newly acquired Lime Grove Studios.[original research?]
Question: Who was the first person to speak on BBC when it was turned back on following World War II?
Answer: Jasmine Bligh
Question: On what date did BBC return to the air after World War II?
Answer: 7 June 1946
Question: In the decade following the war, where did a large portion of the BBC move to?
Answer: Lime Grove Studios
Question: What character was featured in the cartoon aired the day BBC broadcasting was restored?
Answer: Mickey Mouse
Question: What returned on 6 June 1947?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was Alexandra Bligh?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What studio did the channel switch to in 1946 from Alexandra Place?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What 1950's cartoon aired the day BBC returned?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In addition to the sharing of household chores, certain cultures expect adolescents to share in their family's financial responsibilities. According to family economic and financial education specialists, adolescents develop sound money management skills through the practices of saving and spending money, as well as through planning ahead for future economic goals. Differences between families in the distribution of financial responsibilities or provision of allowance may reflect various social background circumstances and intrafamilial processes, which are further influenced by cultural norms and values, as well as by the business sector and market economy of a given society. For instance, in many developing countries it is common for children to attend fewer years of formal schooling so that, when they reach adolescence, they can begin working.
Question: In developing countries, is it common for children to attend fewer or greater years of formal schooling?
Answer: fewer
Question: Why, in developting countries, do children often attend fewer years of formal schooling?
Answer: so that, when they reach adolescence, they can begin working
Question: According to family economic and financial education specialists, how do adolescents develop sound money management skills?
Answer: saving and spending money |
Context: In 1807, Thomas Young was possibly the first to use the term "energy" instead of vis viva, in its modern sense. Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis described "kinetic energy" in 1829 in its modern sense, and in 1853, William Rankine coined the term "potential energy". The law of conservation of energy was also first postulated in the early 19th century, and applies to any isolated system. It was argued for some years whether heat was a physical substance, dubbed the caloric, or merely a physical quantity, such as momentum. In 1845 James Prescott Joule discovered the link between mechanical work and the generation of heat.
Question: Who was possibly the first to use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?
Answer: Thomas Young
Question: When did Thomas Young use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?
Answer: 1807
Question: Who coined the term "potential energy?"
Answer: William Rankine
Question: Who discovered the link between mechanical work and the generation of heat?
Answer: James Prescott Joule
Question: When was the law of conservation of energy first postulated?
Answer: 19th century
Question: Who was definitely the first to use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Newton use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who rejected the term "potential energy?"
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who discovered the link between mechanical work and the reduction of heat?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the law of conservation of physics first postulated?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Poland's successive kings granted privileges to the nobility at the time of their election to the throne (the privileges being specified in the king-elect's Pacta conventa) and at other times in exchange for ad hoc permission to raise an extraordinary tax or a pospolite ruszenie.
Question: When did kings grant privileges to the nobles?
Answer: at the time of their election to the throne
Question: What specified the kings privileges?
Answer: king-elect's Pacta conventa
Question: What was also in exchange during he election of the throne?
Answer: ad hoc permission to raise an extraordinary tax
Question: What did nobles get in from the king during election?
Answer: privileges |
Context: Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname "man's best friend" in the Western world. In some cultures, however, dogs are a source of meat.
Question: What is the most common phrase, or nickname, used by people in the United States to describe dogs in general?
Answer: man's best friend
Question: What moniker has been given to dogs in Western cultures?
Answer: man's best friend
Question: Dogs are a source of what in some cultures?
Answer: meat |
Context: Tuvalu experiences the effects of El Niño and La Niña caused by changes in ocean temperatures in the equatorial and central Pacific. El Niño effects increase the chances of tropical storms and cyclones, while La Niña effects increase the chances of drought. Typically the islands of Tuvalu receive between 200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 in) of rainfall per month. However, in 2011 a weak La Niña effect caused a drought by cooling the surface of the sea around Tuvalu. A state of emergency was declared on 28 September 2011; with rationing of fresh-water on the islands of Funafuti and Nukulaelae. Households on Funafuti and Nukulaelae were restricted to two buckets of fresh water per day (40 litres).
Question: What specific ocean temperature conditions effect Tuvalu?
Answer: El Niño and La Niña
Question: Which effect causes increases in sea storms like cyclones?
Answer: El Niño
Question: What temperature effect causes drought?
Answer: La Niña
Question: What is the usual amount of rainfall per month on Tuvalu?
Answer: 200 to 400 mm
Question: What did a drought in 2011 cause on Funafuti?
Answer: rationing of fresh-water |
Context: The scope of the term "post-punk" has been subject to controversy. While some critics, such as AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine, have employed the term "post-punk" to denote "a more adventurous and arty form of punk", others have suggested it pertains to a set of artistic sensibilities and approaches rather than any unifying style. Music journalist and post-punk scholar Simon Reynolds has advocated that post-punk be conceived as "less a genre of music than a space of possibility", suggesting that "what unites all this activity is a set of open-ended imperatives: innovation; willful oddness; the willful jettisoning of all things precedented or 'rock'n'roll'". Nicholas Lezard, problematizing the categorization of post-punk as a genre, described the movement as "so multifarious that only the broadest use of the term is possible".
Question: Who described post-punk as "a more adventurous and arty form of punk"?
Answer: Stephen Thomas Erlewine
Question: Who described post-punk as "less a genre of music than a space of possibility"?
Answer: Simon Reynolds
Question: Who said "so multifarious that only the broadest use of the term is possible" with regards to post-punk?
Answer: Nicholas Lezard
Question: Who does music critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine work for?
Answer: AllMusic
Question: What as the blanket term "post-punk" been the target of?
Answer: controversy
Question: What organization is Stephen Thomas Erlewine associated with?
Answer: AllMusic
Question: What have some people suggested post-punk doesn't have, instead being more about approaches and sensibilities?
Answer: unifying style
Question: Why type of scholar is music journalist Simon Reynolds?
Answer: post-punk
Question: Why is only the broadest use of genre possible when trying to categorize what actually defines post-punk?
Answer: multifarious
Question: Who described post-punk as "a less adventutous and arty form of punk"
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Nicholas Lezard say post-punk was more of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Simon Reynold describe as multifarious?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who does the music critic Nicholas Lezard work for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Stephen Thomas Erlwine a scholar of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has the term "post-punk" never been the focus of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who never employed the term "post-punk"?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who suggested that post-punk be conceived as "more a genre of music than a space of possibility"?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who never cared about the categorization of post-punk as a genre?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.
Question: Who was the leader of the East Prussian Nazi Party?
Answer: Erich Koch
Question: What large plans did Koch have?
Answer: mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province
Question: What even occurred during the summer of 1932 in Konigsberg?
Answer: attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats
Question: Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats?
Answer: Gustav Sauf
Question: In what year did Konigsberger Volkszeitung become an executive editor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Kurt Kotzan become the Reichsbanner Chairman of Lotzen?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Konigsberg?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Max von Bahrfeldt become a politician for the German People's Party?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did the East Prussian Nazi party form?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The majority of studies indicate antibiotics do interfere with contraceptive pills, such as clinical studies that suggest the failure rate of contraceptive pills caused by antibiotics is very low (about 1%). In cases where antibacterials have been suggested to affect the efficiency of birth control pills, such as for the broad-spectrum antibacterial rifampicin, these cases may be due to an increase in the activities of hepatic liver enzymes' causing increased breakdown of the pill's active ingredients. Effects on the intestinal flora, which might result in reduced absorption of estrogens in the colon, have also been suggested, but such suggestions have been inconclusive and controversial. Clinicians have recommended that extra contraceptive measures be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives.
Question: Do antibiotics interact with birth control pills?
Answer: The majority of studies indicate antibiotics do interfere with contraceptive pills
Question: What percentage of birth control pill failure is attributed to antibiotics?
Answer: about 1%
Question: What are the potential effects on intestinal flora?
Answer: reduced absorption of estrogens in the colon
Question: Have these potential effects been proven through testing?
Answer: inconclusive and controversial
Question: What do physicians recommend to counteract this potential issue?
Answer: extra contraceptive measures
Question: What do antibiotics interfere with?
Answer: contraceptive pills
Question: What percent is the failure rate of contraceptive pills?
Answer: about 1%
Question: Whhat does intestinal flora reduce?
Answer: absorption of estrogens
Question: In therapy, what does the antibacterial interact with?
Answer: oral contraceptives
Question: Do antibiotics mess with birth control pills?
Answer: antibiotics do interfere
Question: What is birth control failure rate due to antibiotics?
Answer: about 1%
Question: What should women do if they are using antibiotics and birth control pills?
Answer: extra contraceptive measures
Question: Do antibiotics interact with intestinal flora?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of birth control pill failure is attributed to estrogens?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the potential effects on antibacterials?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do control pills recommend to counteract this potential issue?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do oral contraceptives reduce?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: With the arrival of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, a Spanish conquistador, the first recorded history of encounter between Europeans and Native Americans in the Great Plains occurred in Texas, Kansas and Nebraska from 1540-1542. In that same time period, Hernando de Soto crossed a west-northwest direction in what is now Oklahoma and Texas. Today this is known as the De Soto Trail. The Spanish thought the Great Plains were the location of the mythological Quivira and Cíbola, a place said to be rich in gold.
Question: who was the spanish conquistador who had encounters with europeans and native americans?
Answer: Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
Question: who crossed a section of oklahoma and texas?
Answer: Hernando de Soto
Question: what is the section of oklahoma and texas that Hernando de Soto traveled?
Answer: the De Soto Trail
Question: who thought the great plains were the locations of Quivira and Cíbola?
Answer: The Spanish
Question: what did the spanish think the cities of Quivira and Cíbola were rich in?
Answer: gold
Question: In what state did Francisco Vazquez de Coronado first encounter Native Americans?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 1540 Europeans first encountered Native Americans in what state?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did the De Soto Trail gain its name?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What nationality was Hernando de Soto?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Texas become a state?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Literary Catalan allows the use of words from different dialects, except those of very restricted use. However, from the 19th century onwards, there is a tendency of favoring words of Northern dialects in detriment of others, even though nowadays there is a greater freedom of choice.
Question: What can use words from different dialects?
Answer: Literary Catalan
Question: What kind of words are excepted from literary use?
Answer: restricted use
Question: When did the preference of use of words from northern dialects begin?
Answer: 19th century
Question: What affect did this favoring of northern dialects have on other dialects?
Answer: detriment of others
Question: What kind of choice is now available in word choice?
Answer: greater freedom of choice |
Context: Nasser mediated discussions between the pro-Western, pro-Soviet, and neutralist conference factions over the composition of the "Final Communique" addressing colonialism in Africa and Asia and the fostering of global peace amid the Cold War between the West and the Soviet Union. At Bandung Nasser sought a proclamation for the avoidance of international defense alliances, support for the independence of Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco from French rule, support for the Palestinian right of return, and the implementation of UN resolutions regarding the Arab–Israeli conflict. He succeeded in lobbying the attendees to pass resolutions on each of these issues, notably securing the strong support of China and India.
Question: What document was meant to resolve lingering issues of colonialism?
Answer: Final Communique
Question: From what nation did Nasser support the independence of Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco?
Answer: French
Question: What did Nasser pursue for Palestinians?
Answer: right of return
Question: What organization offered possible solutions Arab-Israeli conflict, which Nasser supported?
Answer: UN |
Context: Athanasius is the first person to identify the same 27 books of the New Testament that are in use today. Up until then, various similar lists of works to be read in churches were in use. Athanasius compiled the list to resolve questions about such texts as The Epistle of Barnabas. Athanasius includes the Book of Baruch and the Letter of Jeremiah and places the Book of Esther among the "7 books not in the canon but to be read" along with the Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Judith, Tobit, the Didache, and the Shepherd of Hermas.
Question: Who standardized the books of the New Testament?
Answer: Athanasius
Question: What books were used before his decision to standardize?
Answer: various
Question: How many books are listed that should be included but were not?
Answer: 7 books
Question: How many books are in the New Testament?
Answer: 27 books
Question: Have those books changed over time?
Answer: in use today
Question: Who standardized the books of the Old Testament?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What books were used after his decision to standardize?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many books are listed that shouldn't be included?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many books are in the old Testament?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Gesamtschulen might put bright working class students at risk according to several studies. It could be shown that an achievement gap opens between working class students attending a comprehensive and their middle class peers. Also working class students attending a Gymnasium or a Realschule outperform students from similar backgrounds attending a comprehensive. However it is not students attending a comprehensive, but students attending a Hauptschule, who perform the poorest.
Question: Who could be made vulnerable by the Gasemtschulen?
Answer: bright working class students
Question: From what group does an achievement gap separate working class students at comprehensive schools?
Answer: middle class peers
Question: At which school do students achieve the least success?
Answer: Hauptschule
Question: Who couldn't be made vulnerable by the Gasemtschulen?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who could be protected by the Gasemtschulen?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From what group doesn't an achievement gap separate working class students at comprehensive schools?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From what group does an achievement gap separate working class students at uncomprehensive schools?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: At which school do students achieve the most success?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: These different explorations of 'identity' demonstrate how difficult a concept it is to pin down. Since identity is a virtual thing, it is impossible to define it empirically. Discussions of identity use the term with different meanings, from fundamental and abiding sameness, to fluidity, contingency, negotiated and so on. Brubaker and Cooper note a tendency in many scholars to confuse identity as a category of practice and as a category of analysis (Brubaker & Cooper 2000, p. 5). Indeed, many scholars demonstrate a tendency to follow their own preconceptions of identity, following more or less the frameworks listed above, rather than taking into account the mechanisms by which the concept is crystallised as reality. In this environment, some analysts, such as Brubaker and Cooper, have suggested doing away with the concept completely (Brubaker & Cooper 2000, p. 1). Others, by contrast, have sought to introduce alternative concepts in an attempt to capture the dynamic and fluid qualities of human social self-expression. Hall (1992, 1996), for example, suggests treating identity as a process, to take into account the reality of diverse and ever-changing social experience. Some scholars have introduced the idea of identification, whereby identity is perceived as made up of different components that are 'identified' and interpreted by individuals. The construction of an individual sense of self is achieved by personal choices regarding who and what to associate with. Such approaches are liberating in their recognition of the role of the individual in social interaction and the construction of identity.
Question: What is it impossible to do with identity?
Answer: define it empirically
Question: Many scholars confuse identity as a category of practice and what other category?
Answer: category of analysis
Question: What do many scholars demonstrate a tendency towards?
Answer: their own preconceptions of identity
Question: Some scholars try to introduce new concepts to capture the fluid qualities of what?
Answer: human social self-expression
Question: The idea that identity is made of components that are identified by individuals is what idea?
Answer: the idea of identification
Question: What is it possible to do with identity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What discussion has an abiding sameness
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How does Cooper suggest treating identity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do some scholars say is made up of different components that are identified in interpreted by groups?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The direction of what is achieved by group choice regarding who and what to associate with?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Subsequently, Plato and Aristotle produced the first systematic discussions of natural philosophy, which did much to shape later investigations of nature. Their development of deductive reasoning was of particular importance and usefulness to later scientific inquiry. Plato founded the Platonic Academy in 387 BC, whose motto was "Let none unversed in geometry enter here", and turned out many notable philosophers. Plato's student Aristotle introduced empiricism and the notion that universal truths can be arrived at via observation and induction, thereby laying the foundations of the scientific method. Aristotle also produced many biological writings that were empirical in nature, focusing on biological causation and the diversity of life. He made countless observations of nature, especially the habits and attributes of plants and animals in the world around him, classified more than 540 animal species, and dissected at least 50. Aristotle's writings profoundly influenced subsequent Islamic and European scholarship, though they were eventually superseded in the Scientific Revolution.
Question: Plato and Aristotle are known for systematically discussing what?
Answer: natural philosophy
Question: What discussion technique are Plato and Aristotle responsible for?
Answer: deductive reasoning
Question: What year was the Platonic Academy founded?
Answer: 387 BC
Question: Aristotle introduced what theory?
Answer: empiricism
Question: How many species of animals were classified by Aristotle?
Answer: 540 |
Context: Although the new licensing laws prevented new beer houses from being created, those already in existence were allowed to continue and many did not close until nearly the end of the 19th century. A very small number remained into the 21st century. The vast majority of the beer houses applied for the new licences and became full pubs. These usually small establishments can still be identified in many towns, seemingly oddly located in the middle of otherwise terraced housing part way up a street, unlike purpose-built pubs that are usually found on corners or road junctions. Many of today's respected real ale micro-brewers in the UK started as home based Beer House brewers under the 1830 Act.
Question: What establishments did beer houses become after buying an additional license?
Answer: pubs
Question: By the end of what century were most beer houses closed?
Answer: 19th
Question: Where are purpose-built pubs typically located?
Answer: corners or road junctions
Question: What modern brewers often first began as beer houses?
Answer: real ale micro-brewers |
Context: Other immune system disorders include various hypersensitivities (such as in asthma and other allergies) that respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds.
Question: What is a type of immune system disorder?
Answer: hypersensitivities
Question: What are some examples of hypersensitivities?
Answer: asthma and other allergies
Question: What characterizes a hypersensitivity?
Answer: respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds. |
Context: Regardless, the Luftwaffe could still inflict huge damage. With the German occupation of Western Europe, the intensification of submarine and air attack on Britain's sea communications was feared by the British. Such an event would have serious consequences on the future course of the war, should the Germans succeed. Liverpool and its port became an important destination for convoys heading through the Western Approaches from North America, bringing supplies and materials. The considerable rail network distributed to the rest of the country. Operations against Liverpool in the Liverpool Blitz were successful. Air attacks sank 39,126 long tons (39,754 t) of shipping, with another 111,601 long tons (113,392 t) damaged. Minister of Home Security Herbert Morrison was also worried morale was breaking, noting the defeatism expressed by civilians. Other sources point to half of the port's 144 berths rendered unusable, while cargo unloading capability was reduced by 75%. Roads and railways were blocked and ships could not leave harbour. On 8 May 1941, 57 ships were destroyed, sunk or damaged amounting to 80,000 long tons (81,000 t). Around 66,000 houses were destroyed, 77,000 people made homeless, and 1,900 people killed and 1,450 seriously hurt on one night. Operations against London up until May 1941 could also have a severe impact on morale. The populace of the port of Hull became 'trekkers', people who underwent a mass exodus from cities before, during, and after attacks. However, the attacks failed to knock out or damage railways, or port facilities for long, even in the Port of London, a target of many attacks. The Port of London in particular was an important target, bringing in one-third of overseas trade.
Question: What did the British fear most?
Answer: intensification of submarine and air attack
Question: What was an important destination for supply convoys from North America?
Answer: Liverpool
Question: The Liverpool Blitz sank how much shipping?
Answer: 39,126 long tons (39,754 t) of shipping
Question: How many ships were destroyed on May 8, 1941?
Answer: 57 ships
Question: How much of the overseas trade did the Port of London take on?
Answer: one-third of overseas trade |
Context:
Sultanate of Oman: Muscat was the torch's only stop in the Middle East, on April 14. The relay covered 20 km. No protests or incidents were reported. One of the torchbearers was Syrian actress Sulaf Fawakherji.
Question: Which Middle East location was the only area the torch visited?
Answer: Muscat
Question: When did the torch arrive in Muscat?
Answer: April 14
Question: Which actress carried the torch for part of the route?
Answer: Sulaf Fawakherji
Question: Where was the only place the Olympic torch was carried in the Middle East?
Answer: Muscat
Question: How far was the relay route in kilometers in the Middle East?
Answer: 20
Question: What is the name of the Syrian actress who was one to bear the torch?
Answer: Sulaf Fawakherji. |
Context: The Arthashastra and the Edicts of Ashoka are the primary written records of the Mauryan times. Archaeologically, this period falls into the era of Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW). The Mauryan Empire was based on a modern and efficient economy and society. However, the sale of merchandise was closely regulated by the government. Although there was no banking in the Mauryan society, usury was customary. A significant amount of written records on slavery are found, suggesting a prevalence thereof. During this period, a high quality steel called Wootz steel was developed in south India and was later exported to China and Arabia.
Question: What are the basic written records of the Mauryans?
Answer: Arthashastra and the Edicts of Ashoka
Question: What is the archaeological period of the Mauryan Empire?
Answer: Northern Black Polished Ware
Question: What metal was developed in south India during the time of the Mauryan Empire?
Answer: Wootz steel
Question: To where was wootz steel exported?
Answer: China and Arabia
Question: What organization closely monitored business dealings in the Mauryan Empire?
Answer: government |
Context: Development Testing is a software development process that involves synchronized application of a broad spectrum of defect prevention and detection strategies in order to reduce software development risks, time, and costs. It is performed by the software developer or engineer during the construction phase of the software development lifecycle. Rather than replace traditional QA focuses, it augments it. Development Testing aims to eliminate construction errors before code is promoted to QA; this strategy is intended to increase the quality of the resulting software as well as the efficiency of the overall development and QA process.
Question: What method is used that involves synchronization of a application?
Answer: Development Testing
Question: When is development testing used?
Answer: construction phase of the software development lifecycle
Question: What does Development testing look to eliminate?
Answer: construction errors
Question: What method is used that involved syncopation of an application?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When is development testing not used?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Development Testing attempts to eliminate instruction errors before code is promoted where?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Development Testing is designed by who?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Signs of dehydration often begin with loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and irritable behaviour. This can progress to decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness as it becomes more severe. Loose but non-watery stools in babies who are breastfed, however, may be normal.
Question: What is diarrhea?
Answer: the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day
Question: What is one of the effects of diarrhea?
Answer: can result in dehydration due to fluid loss
Question: What are the warning signs of dehydration?
Answer: loss of the normal stretchiness of the skin and irritable behaviour
Question: What are other signs of dehydration?
Answer: decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, and a decrease in responsiveness
Question: What condition is characterized by loose and watery stools in babies?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What sign begins with a loss of skin color and a fast heart rate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the warning signs of diarrhea?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long does dehydration last?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are other signs of diarrhea?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Islamic tradition relates that Muhammad received his first revelation in the Cave of Hira during one of his isolated retreats to the mountains. Thereafter, he received revelations over a period of 23 years. According to hadith and Muslim history, after Muhammad immigrated to Medina and formed an independent Muslim community, he ordered many of his companions to recite the Quran and to learn and teach the laws, which were revealed daily. It is related that some of the Quraysh who were taken prisoners at the battle of Badr regained their freedom after they had taught some of the Muslims the simple writing of the time. Thus a group of Muslims gradually became literate. As it was initially spoken, the Quran was recorded on tablets, bones, and the wide, flat ends of date palm fronds. Most suras were in use amongst early Muslims since they are mentioned in numerous sayings by both Sunni and Shia sources, relating Muhammad's use of the Quran as a call to Islam, the making of prayer and the manner of recitation. However, the Quran did not exist in book form at the time of Muhammad's death in 632. There is agreement among scholars that Muhammad himself did not write down the revelation.
Question: In which mountain cave did Mohammad experience his first revelation?
Answer: Cave of Hira
Question: Where did Mohammad move to found a separate Muslim community?
Answer: Medina
Question: Prisoners from which battle are thought to have helped Muslims learn to write?
Answer: Badr
Question: Vegetation from which tree served as an early recording medium for the Quran?
Answer: date palm
Question: When Muhammad dies, what had not yet been compiled as a book?
Answer: Quran
Question: In which mountain cave did Mohammad experience his last revelation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where didn't Mohammad move to find a separate Muslim community?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Prisoners from which battle are thought to have helped Muslims learn to sing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Vegetation from which tree served as an later recording medium for the Quran?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When Muhammad dies, what had been compiled as a book?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: It is easy for Western-educated scholars to fall into the trap of viewing hunter-gatherer social and sexual arrangements in the light of Western values.[editorializing] One common arrangement is the sexual division of labour, with women doing most of the gathering, while men concentrate on big game hunting. It might be imagined that this arrangement oppresses women, keeping them in the domestic sphere. However, according to some observers, hunter-gatherer women would not understand this interpretation. Since childcare is collective, with every baby having multiple mothers and male carers, the domestic sphere is not atomised or privatised but an empowering place to be.[citation needed] In all hunter-gatherer societies, women appreciate the meat brought back to camp by men. An illustrative account is Megan Biesele's study of the southern African Ju/'hoan, 'Women Like Meat'. Recent archaeological research suggests that the sexual division of labor was the fundamental organisational innovation that gave Homo sapiens the edge over the Neanderthals, allowing our ancestors to migrate from Africa and spread across the globe.
Question: What value system do Western scholars tend to use in analyzing societies?
Answer: Western values
Question: Who does most of the gathering in a hunter-gatherer society?
Answer: women
Question: What group members are the big game hunters?
Answer: men
Question: What does the argument over women as gathers said to produce ?
Answer: arrangement oppresses women
Question: How is childcare viewed in a hunter-gatherer society?
Answer: childcare is collective
Question: What gave the Neanderthals the edge over Homo sapiens?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: It is easy to view what arrangements in the light of Eastern values?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: One rare arrangement is the sexual division of what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Every baby had one mother and one male carer in what society?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Ancient archaeological research suggests that the sexual division of labor was what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Under threat from the conservative forces, Governor Terrazas was deposed, and the state legislature proclaimed martial law in the state in April 1864 and established Jesús José Casavantes as the new governor. In response, José María Patoni decided to march to Chihuahua with presidential support. Meanwhile, Maximilian von Habsburg, a younger brother of the Emperor of Austria, was proclaimed Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico on April 10, 1864 with the backing of Napoleon III and a group of Mexican conservatives. Before President Benito Juárez was forced to flee, Congress granted him an emergency extension of his presidency, which would go into effect in 1865 when his term expired, and last until 1867. At the same time, the state liberals and conservatives compromised to allow the popular Ángel Trías take the governorship; by this time the French forces had taken control over the central portions of the country and were making preparations to invade the northern states.
Question: Who was deposed under threat from conservative forces?
Answer: Governor Terrazas
Question: Who was established as the new governor?
Answer: Jesús José Casavantes
Question: Who decided to march on Chihuahua in response?
Answer: José María Patoni
Question: Which president was forced to flee?
Answer: President Benito Juárez
Question: Until which year did his extended term last?
Answer: 1867 |
Context: The Oklahoman is Oklahoma City's major daily newspaper and is the most widely circulated in the state. NewsOK.com is the Oklahoman's online presence. Oklahoma Gazette is Oklahoma City's independent newsweekly, featuring such staples as local commentary, feature stories, restaurant reviews and movie listings and music and entertainment. The Journal Record is the city's daily business newspaper and okcBIZ is a monthly publication that covers business news affecting those who live and work in Central Oklahoma.
Question: Which newspaper is the most produced through the state of Oklahoma?
Answer: The Oklahoman
Question: What is the name of The Oklahoman's website?
Answer: NewsOK.com
Question: What is Oklahoma Cities newsweekly?
Answer: Oklahoma Gazette
Question: What is Oklahoma Cities daily business newspaper?
Answer: The Journal Record |
Context: In addition to Somali, Arabic, which is also an Afro-Asiatic tongue, is an official national language in both Somalia and Djibouti. Many Somalis speak it due to centuries-old ties with the Arab world, the far-reaching influence of the Arabic media, and religious education. Somalia and Djibouti are also both members of the Arab League.
Question: Other than Somali, what is an official language of Somalia?
Answer: Arabic
Question: To what language family does Arabic belong?
Answer: Afro-Asiatic
Question: In what neighboring country is Arabic also an official language?
Answer: Djibouti
Question: What organization do both Djibouti and Somalia belong to?
Answer: the Arab League
Question: For how long has Somalia had connections to the Arab world?
Answer: centuries |
Context: Spielberg's films often deal with several recurring themes. Most of his films deal with ordinary characters searching for or coming in contact with extraordinary beings or finding themselves in extraordinary circumstances. In an AFI interview in August 2000 Spielberg commented on his interest in the possibility of extra terrestrial life and how it has influenced some of his films. Spielberg described himself as feeling like an alien during childhood, and his interest came from his father, a science fiction fan, and his opinion that aliens would not travel light years for conquest, but instead curiosity and sharing of knowledge.
Question: What theme is common to Spielberg's films?
Answer: ordinary characters searching for or coming in contact with extraordinary beings or finding themselves in extraordinary circumstances
Question: When in his life did Spielberg 'feel like an alien'?
Answer: during childhood
Question: When did Spielberg give an interview saying he had 'felt like an alien'?
Answer: August 2000
Question: Why does Spielberg think aliens would visit?
Answer: curiosity and sharing of knowledge
Question: Which of Spielberg's parents liked sci-fi?
Answer: his father
Question: In what interview was it the first time that Spielberg talked about extra terrestrials?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Spielberg say he might have saw in his childhood?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of films did Spielberg's father enjoy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do most people think aliens would visit Earth for?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: John inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respectively; and various judges were deployed to deliver justice around the kingdom. Thanks to the efforts of men like Hubert Walter, this trend towards improved record keeping continued into his reign. Like previous kings, John managed a peripatetic court that travelled around the kingdom, dealing with both local and national matters as he went. John was very active in the administration of England and was involved in every aspect of government. In part he was following in the tradition of Henry I and Henry II, but by the 13th century the volume of administrative work had greatly increased, which put much more pressure on a king who wished to rule in this style. John was in England for much longer periods than his predecessors, which made his rule more personal than that of previous kings, particularly in previously ignored areas such as the north.
Question: What did John inherit in England?
Answer: sophisticated system of administration
Question: Who dealt with income and expenditure?
Answer: the Treasury and the Exchequer
Question: John followed in the tradition of who?
Answer: Henry I and Henry II |
Context: The staple products of Samoa are copra (dried coconut meat), cocoa bean (for chocolate), and bananas. The annual production of both bananas and copra has been in the range of 13,000 to 15,000 metric tons (about 14,500 to 16,500 short tons). If the rhinoceros beetle in Samoa were eradicated, Samoa could produce in excess of 40,000 metric tons (44,000 short tons) of copra. Samoan cocoa beans are of very high quality and used in fine New Zealand chocolates. Most are Criollo-Forastero hybrids. Coffee grows well, but production has been uneven. WSTEC is the biggest coffee producer. Rubber has been produced in Samoa for many years, but its export value has little impact on the economy.[citation needed]
Question: What is copra?
Answer: dried coconut meat
Question: How many metric tons of bananas and copra does Samoa produce each year?
Answer: 13,000 to 15,000
Question: What pest is the greatest threat to Samoan crops?
Answer: rhinoceros beetle
Question: Are the cocoa beans grown in Samoa high or low quality?
Answer: high quality
Question: What company produces more coffee than any other in Samoa?
Answer: WSTEC
Question: In how many tons is the annual production of coffee?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What would happen if rubber wasn't produced in Samoa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of coffee plants are grown in Samoa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What company is the largest copra producer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of impact does the export value of copra have on the economy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Guests ascending to the 67th, 69th, and 70th level observation decks (dubbed "Top of the Rock") atop the GE Building at Rockefeller Center in New York City ride a high-speed glass-top elevator. When entering the cab, it appears to be any normal elevator ride. However, once the cab begins moving, the interior lights turn off and a special blue light above the cab turns on. This lights the entire shaft, so riders can see the moving cab through its glass ceiling as it rises and lowers through the shaft. Music plays and various animations are also displayed on the ceiling. The entire ride takes about 60 seconds.
Question: What are the 67th, 69th, and 70th floors of the GE Building at Rockerfeller Center nicknamed?
Answer: "Top of the Rock"
Question: What do these floors serve as?
Answer: observation decks
Question: What type of elevator is featured?
Answer: high-speed glass-top
Question: How long is the short trip?
Answer: about 60 seconds
Question: The special effects include blue light, music playing and what else?
Answer: various animations are also displayed on the ceiling |
Context: It should be emphasized, however, that for Whitehead God is not necessarily tied to religion. Rather than springing primarily from religious faith, Whitehead saw God as necessary for his metaphysical system. His system required that an order exist among possibilities, an order that allowed for novelty in the world and provided an aim to all entities. Whitehead posited that these ordered potentials exist in what he called the primordial nature of God. However, Whitehead was also interested in religious experience. This led him to reflect more intensively on what he saw as the second nature of God, the consequent nature. Whitehead's conception of God as a "dipolar" entity has called for fresh theological thinking.
Question: What was Whitehead's belief about God in relation to religion?
Answer: God is not necessarily tied to religion
Question: Why did Whitehead view the existence of God as a necessity for his metaphysical system?
Answer: His system required that an order exist among possibilities, an order that allowed for novelty in the world and provided an aim to all entities.
Question: In what did Whitehead believe that those concepts existed?
Answer: primordial nature of God
Question: What did Whitehead view as the second nature of God?
Answer: the consequent nature
Question: What type of God did Whitehead believe existed?
Answer: dipolar
Question: What was Whitehead's belief about God in relation to nonreligion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Whitehead view as the first nature of God?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of God did Whitehead believe never existed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did Whitehead view the existence of God as a necessity for his mathematical system?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the years 1940-1955, the rate of decline in the U.S. death rate accelerated from 2% per year to 8% per year, then returned to the historical rate of 2% per year. The dramatic decline in the immediate post-war years has been attributed to the rapid development of new treatments and vaccines for infectious disease that occurred during these years. Vaccine development continued to accelerate, with the most notable achievement of the period being Jonas Salk's 1954 development of the polio vaccine under the funding of the non-profit National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. The vaccine process was never patented, but was instead given to pharmaceutical companies to manufacture as a low-cost generic. In 1960 Maurice Hilleman of Merck Sharp & Dohme identified the SV40 virus, which was later shown to cause tumors in many mammalian species. It was later determined that SV40 was present as a contaminant in polio vaccine lots that had been administered to 90% of the children in the United States. The contamination appears to have originated both in the original cell stock and in monkey tissue used for production. In 2004 the United States Cancer Institute announced that it had concluded that SV40 is not associated with cancer in people.
Question: When was the Polio vaccine created?
Answer: 1954
Question: Who identified the SV40 virus?
Answer: Maurice Hilleman
Question: What was a complication of the SV40 virus?
Answer: cause tumors
Question: Who funded the Polio vaccine?
Answer: National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis
Question: Who announced that SV40 was not associated with cancer?
Answer: United States Cancer Institute
Question: In what year was the polio vaccine created?
Answer: 1954
Question: Who created the polio vaccine?
Answer: Jonas Salk
Question: What virus caused tumors in most mammals?
Answer: SV40
Question: Who identified the SV40 virus?
Answer: Maurice Hilleman
Question: SV40 was present in what vaccine?
Answer: polio
Question: When was the Paralysis vaccine created?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who identified the SV50 virus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was a complication of the SV50 virus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who funded the Paralysis vaccine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who announced that SV50 was not associated with cancer?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Between 1999 and 2006, Bicycling magazine named Boston three times as one of the worst cities in the US for cycling; regardless, it has one of the highest rates of bicycle commuting. In 2008, as a consequence of improvements made to bicycling conditions within the city, the same magazine put Boston on its "Five for the Future" list as a "Future Best City" for biking, and Boston's bicycle commuting percentage increased from 1% in 2000 to 2.1% in 2009. The bikeshare program called Hubway launched in late July 2011, logging more than 140,000 rides before the close of its first season. The neighboring municipalities of Cambridge, Somerville, and Brookline joined the Hubway program in summer 2012.
Question: Bicycling magazine named Boston one of the worst cities in the US for what?
Answer: cycling
Question: What magazine put Boston on its Future best City For Biking list?
Answer: Bicycling magazine
Question: What is the name of the bike share program in Boston?
Answer: Hubway
Question: What year did Hubway launch?
Answer: 2011
Question: How many rides did Hubway log in its first year?
Answer: more than 140,000 |
Context: During the later stages of World War II, the entire Cold War, and to a lesser extent afterwards, uranium-235 has been used as the fissile explosive material to produce nuclear weapons. Initially, two major types of fission bombs were built: a relatively simple device that uses uranium-235 and a more complicated mechanism that uses plutonium-239 derived from uranium-238. Later, a much more complicated and far more powerful type of fission/fusion bomb (thermonuclear weapon) was built, that uses a plutonium-based device to cause a mixture of tritium and deuterium to undergo nuclear fusion. Such bombs are jacketed in a non-fissile (unenriched) uranium case, and they derive more than half their power from the fission of this material by fast neutrons from the nuclear fusion process.
Question: During what war was uranium-235 first used to create nuclear weapons?
Answer: World War II
Question: From what isotope of uranium is plutonium-239 derived?
Answer: 238
Question: What is mixed with tritium and experiences nuclear fusion in a fission/fusion bomb?
Answer: deuterium
Question: What is another name for a fission/fusion bomb?
Answer: thermonuclear weapon
Question: What does non-fissile mean?
Answer: unenriched
Question: During what war was uranium-235 last used to create nuclear weapons?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From what isotope of uranium is plutonium-249 derived?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What isn't mixed with tritium and experiences nuclear fusion in a fission/fusion bomb?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another name for a fission/fusion boat?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does fissile mean?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Perspectives on emotions from evolutionary theory were initiated in the late 19th century with Charles Darwin's book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Darwin argued that emotions actually served a purpose for humans, in communication and also in aiding their survival. Darwin, therefore, argued that emotions evolved via natural selection and therefore have universal cross-cultural counterparts. Darwin also detailed the virtues of experiencing emotions and the parallel experiences that occur in animals. This led the way for animal research on emotions and the eventual determination of the neural underpinnings of emotion.
Question: What was the name of the book that Darwin wrote on emotions?
Answer: The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
Question: Along with survival, what did Darwin see as the role of emotions in humans?
Answer: communication
Question: Through what process did Darwin believe emotions developed?
Answer: natural selection
Question: In what century did Darwin write?
Answer: 19th
Question: What was the name of the book that Darwin drew on emotions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with survival, what did Darwin not see as the role of emotions in humans?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Through what process did Darwin not believe emotions developed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what century did Darwin read?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The desire to explore, record and systematize knowledge had a meaningful impact on music publications. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Dictionnaire de musique (published 1767 in Geneva and 1768 in Paris) was a leading text in the late 18th century. This widely available dictionary gave short definitions of words like genius and taste, and was clearly influenced by the Enlightenment movement. Another text influenced by Enlightenment values was Charles Burney's A General History of Music: From the Earliest Ages to the Present Period (1776), which was a historical survey and an attempt to rationalize elements in music systematically over time. Recently, musicologists have shown renewed interest in the ideas and consequences of the Enlightenment. For example, Rose Rosengard Subotnik's Deconstructive Variations (subtitled Music and Reason in Western Society) compares Mozart's Die Zauberflöte (1791) using the Enlightenment and Romantic perspectives, and concludes that the work is "an ideal musical representation of the Enlightenment".
Question: The desire to explore, record and systematize knowledge had a meaningful impact on what other form of publication?
Answer: music
Question: What publication of Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a leading text in the late 18th century and was published 1767 in Geneva and 1768 in Paris?
Answer: Dictionnaire de musique
Question: In what year was Charles Burney's A General History of Music: From the Earliest Ages to the Present Period published?
Answer: 1776
Question: What Mozart piece did Rose Rosengard Subotnik conclude is "an ideal musical representation of the Enlightenment"?
Answer: Die Zauberflöte (1791)
Question: Which two perspectives did Rose Rosengard Subotnik use to compare Mozart's Die Cauberflote?
Answer: Enlightenment and Romantic |
Context: Popper coined the term "critical rationalism" to describe his philosophy. Concerning the method of science, the term indicates his rejection of classical empiricism, and the classical observationalist-inductivist account of science that had grown out of it. Popper argued strongly against the latter, holding that scientific theories are abstract in nature, and can be tested only indirectly, by reference to their implications. He also held that scientific theory, and human knowledge generally, is irreducibly conjectural or hypothetical, and is generated by the creative imagination to solve problems that have arisen in specific historico-cultural settings.
Question: What term did Popper use for his philosophy?
Answer: critical rationalism
Question: Which account of scientific method did Popper's repudiate?
Answer: the classical observationalist-inductivist account
Question: What was Popper's position on classical empiricism?
Answer: rejection
Question: According to Popper, what is the only way one can test scientific theories because they are necessarily abstract?
Answer: indirectly
Question: What term did Einstein term to describe his philosophy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does critical rationalism embrace?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Popper think was concrete in nature?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Popper think could be tested only directly?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who argued in favor of the classical observationalist-inductivist account of science?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Other developmental and reproductive variations include haplodiploidy, polymorphism, paedomorphosis or peramorphosis, sexual dimorphism, parthenogenesis and more rarely hermaphroditism.:143 In haplodiploidy, which is a type of sex-determination system, the offspring's sex is determined by the number of sets of chromosomes an individual receives. This system is typical in bees and wasps. Polymorphism is where a species may have different morphs or forms, as in the oblong winged katydid, which has four different varieties: green, pink and yellow or tan. Some insects may retain phenotypes that are normally only seen in juveniles; this is called paedomorphosis. In peramorphosis, an opposite sort of phenomenon, insects take on previously unseen traits after they have matured into adults. Many insects display sexual dimorphism, in which males and females have notably different appearances, such as the moth Orgyia recens as an exemplar of sexual dimorphism in insects.
Question: Polymophism is a developmental and reproductive what?
Answer: variations
Question: Haplodiploidy is what type of system?
Answer: sex-determination system
Question: The number of chromosome sets determines the offspring's what?
Answer: sex
Question: The sex-determination system is found in which insects?
Answer: bees and wasps
Question: Polymophism species have different forms or what else?
Answer: morphs |
Context: Large quantities of H
2 are needed in the petroleum and chemical industries. The largest application of H
2 is for the processing ("upgrading") of fossil fuels, and in the production of ammonia. The key consumers of H
2 in the petrochemical plant include hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking. H
2 has several other important uses. H
2 is used as a hydrogenating agent, particularly in increasing the level of saturation of unsaturated fats and oils (found in items such as margarine), and in the production of methanol. It is similarly the source of hydrogen in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid. H
2 is also used as a reducing agent of metallic ores.
Question: Where are large quantities of H2 needed?
Answer: petroleum and chemical industries
Question: What are the consumers of H2 in petrochemical plant?
Answer: hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking |
Context: During the Risorgimento, proponents of Italian republicanism and Italian nationalism, such as Alessandro Manzoni, stressed the importance of establishing a uniform national language in order to better create an Italian national identity. With the unification of Italy in the 1860s, standard Italian became the official national language of the new Italian state, while the various unofficial regional languages of Italy gradually became regarded as subordinate "dialects" to Italian, increasingly associated negatively with lack of education or provincialism. However, at the time of the Italian Unification, standard Italian still existed mainly as a literary language, and only 2.5% of Italy's population could speak standard Italian.
Question: What Italian nationalist spoke of the importance of a national Italian language?
Answer: Alessandro Manzoni
Question: During what period was the importance of having an Italian national language raised?
Answer: the Risorgimento
Question: In what decade was Italy unified?
Answer: 1860s
Question: What percentage of Italians spoke standard Italian when Italy was first unified?
Answer: 2.5%
Question: When Italy was unified, what was named the official national language?
Answer: standard Italian
Question: During what period were proponents of Italian Unification stressing the importance of establishing a uniform national language?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Alessandro Manzoni stress the importance of creating an Italian state?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During which decade was Italy de-unified?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Risorgimento become the official language of the new Italian state?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Asphalt/bitumen can sometimes be confused with "coal tar", which is a visually similar black, thermoplastic material produced by the destructive distillation of coal. During the early and mid-20th century when town gas was produced, coal tar was a readily available byproduct and extensively used as the binder for road aggregates. The addition of tar to macadam roads led to the word tarmac, which is now used in common parlance to refer to road-making materials. However, since the 1970s, when natural gas succeeded town gas, asphalt/bitumen has completely overtaken the use of coal tar in these applications. Other examples of this confusion include the La Brea Tar Pits and the Canadian oil sands, both of which actually contain natural bitumen rather than tar. Pitch is another term sometimes used at times to refer to asphalt/bitumen, as in Pitch Lake.
Question: To what similar substance can asphalt be confused?
Answer: coal tar
Question: For what was coal tar used in road paving?
Answer: binder
Question: What is the common word is used to describe the combination of tar and macadam?
Answer: tarmac
Question: What use has pushed out the need to produce roads with coal tar?
Answer: natural gas
Question: Instead of tar, what does the La Brea Tars Pits contain?
Answer: bitumen
Question: What is a blood orange color and sometimes confused with "coal tar"?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which similar endothermic material is sometimes confused with asphalt?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which similar oil can asphalt be confused with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Coal tar has totally overtaken the use of asphalt since which decade?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was used as pitch for road aggregates?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Pesticides are substances meant for attracting, seducing, and then destroying any pest. They are a class of biocide. The most common use of pesticides is as plant protection products (also known as crop protection products), which in general protect plants from damaging influences such as weeds, fungi, or insects. This use of pesticides is so common that the term pesticide is often treated as synonymous with plant protection product, although it is in fact a broader term, as pesticides are also used for non-agricultural purposes. The term pesticide includes all of the following: herbicide, insecticide, insect growth regulator, nematicide, termiticide, molluscicide, piscicide, avicide, rodenticide, predacide, bactericide, insect repellent, animal repellent, antimicrobial, fungicide, disinfectant (antimicrobial), and sanitizer.
Question: What is the difference between a pesticide and a plant protection product?
Answer: pesticides are also used for non-agricultural purposes
Question: What is the purpose of a pesticide?
Answer: Pesticides are substances meant for attracting, seducing, and then destroying any pest
Question: What are pesticides most commonly used for?
Answer: The most common use of pesticides is as plant protection products
Question: What can pesticides protect plants from?
Answer: protect plants from damaging influences such as weeds, fungi, or insects
Question: What item commonly used in hospitals, schools and offices is a pesticide?
Answer: sanitizer
Question: What are examples of the way a plant protects itself against pests?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are plants that protect themselves from pests classified?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are three things that crop pests eat?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one thing that some fungi are also used in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How are weeds also used when harvested commercially?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Another body established under the Good Friday Agreement, the British–Irish Council, is made up of all of the states and territories of the British Isles. The British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly (Irish: Tionól Pharlaiminteach na Breataine agus na hÉireann) predates the British–Irish Council and was established in 1990. Originally it comprised 25 members of the Oireachtas, the Irish parliament, and 25 members of the parliament of the United Kingdom, with the purpose of building mutual understanding between members of both legislatures. Since then the role and scope of the body has been expanded to include representatives from the Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, the Northern Ireland Assembly, the States of Jersey, the States of Guernsey and the High Court of Tynwald (Isle of Man).
Question: What was one of organizations that was founded because of the Good Friday Agreement?
Answer: British–Irish Council
Question: Which states belong to the British-Irish Council?
Answer: all of the states and territories of the British Isles
Question: How many Oireachtas members where there in the original British-Irish Parliamentary Assembly?
Answer: 25
Question: How many members of the United Kingdom Parliament were in the British-Irish Parliamentary Assembly originally?
Answer: 25
Question: The British-Irish Council has added representatives from which parliament?
Answer: Scottish Parliament
Question: Which body, also established under the Tionol Agreement, is made up of the states and territories of the British Isles?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What body was established by the Good Friday Agreement and is made up of the states of Wales and Scotland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was the British-Scottish Parliamentary Assembly formed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Establishing a mutual understanding between Britain and Ireland is the purpose of what body?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Representatives from where have been removed from the role and scope of the body?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Bowers confronted a similar problem in his edition of Maggie. Crane originally printed the novel privately in 1893. To secure commercial publication in 1896, Crane agreed to remove profanity, but he also made stylistic revisions. Bowers's approach was to preserve the stylistic and literary changes of 1896, but to revert to the 1893 readings where he believed that Crane was fulfilling the publisher's intention rather than his own. There were, however, intermediate cases that could reasonably have been attributed to either intention, and some of Bowers's choices came under fire – both as to his judgment, and as to the wisdom of conflating readings from the two different versions of Maggie.
Question: What alterations did Crane make to secure commercial publication?
Answer: remove profanity, but he also made stylistic revisions
Question: What was Bower's first step in editing multiple works into a single product?
Answer: to preserve the stylistic and literary changes of 1896
Question: What was Bower's second step in editing multiple works into a single product?
Answer: to revert to the 1893 readings where he believed that Crane was fulfilling the publisher's intention rather than his own
Question: What was one of the criticisms Bowers faced after editing Maggie?
Answer: his judgment
Question: I what year was Maggie printed for commercial use?
Answer: 1896
Question: What was the first step Bowers took in editing a single work with two versions?
Answer: to preserve the stylistic and literary changes of 1896,
Question: What was the second step Bowers took in editing a single work with two versions?
Answer: to revert to the 1893 readings where he believed that Crane was fulfilling the publisher's intention
Question: What changes were made for the commercial publication of Maggie?
Answer: to remove profanity, but he also made stylistic revisions
Question: When was Maggie first published?
Answer: 1893
Question: What changes did Maggie make to secure commercial publication?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Maggie publish her edition of Bowers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Bower's final step in editing a single work into multiple versions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the third version of Maggie published?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the fifth and final version of Maggie published?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The concept of nobility flourished in New Spain in a way not seen in other parts of the Americas. Spaniards encountered a society in which the concept of nobility mirrored that of their own. Spaniards respected the indigenous order of nobility and added to it. In the ensuing centuries, possession of a noble title in Mexico did not mean one exercised great political power, for one's power was limited even if the accumulation of wealth was not. The concept of nobility in Mexico was not political but rather a very conservative Spanish social one, based on proving the worthiness of the family. Most of these families proved their worth by making fortunes in New Spain outside of the city itself, then spending the revenues in the capital, building churches, supporting charities and building extravagant palatial homes. The craze to build the most opulent residence possible reached its height in the last half of the 18th century. Many of these palaces can still be seen today, leading to Mexico City's nickname of "The city of palaces" given by Alexander Von Humboldt.
Question: What is a common nickname for Mexico City?
Answer: The city of palaces
Question: How did mexican nobles spend money in Mexico City?
Answer: building churches, supporting charities and building extravagant palatial homes
Question: When did the construction of exuberant houses slow down?
Answer: the last half of the 18th century |
Context: The more long term the exposure to stress is, the more impact it may have. However, short term exposure to stress also causes impairment in memory by interfering with the function of the hippocampus. Research shows that subjects placed in a stressful situation for a short amount of time still have blood glucocorticoid levels that have increased drastically when measured after the exposure is completed. When subjects are asked to complete a learning task after short term exposure they have often difficulties. Prenatal stress also hinders the ability to learn and memorize by disrupting the development of the hippocampus and can lead to unestablished long term potentiation in the offspring of severely stressed parents. Although the stress is applied prenatally, the offspring show increased levels of glucocorticoids when they are subjected to stress later on in life.
Question: Does it matter how long someone is exposed to stress to have an impact on their memory?
Answer: the more impact it may have. However, short term exposure to stress also causes impairment in memory by interfering with the function of the hippocampus
Question: Whar does research show happens to blood glucorticoid levels during stressful events?
Answer: levels that have increased drastically
Question: Can a unborn child face issues with stress than can affect their future abilities?
Answer: prenatally, the offspring show increased levels of glucocorticoids when they are subjected to stress later on in life.
Question: Do the people studied in different research perform as well after stress as they did before becoming in contact with stressful situations?
Answer: When subjects are asked to complete a learning task after short term exposure they have often difficulties
Question: Whar does research show happens to blood glucose levels during stressful events?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Can a unborn child face issues with stress than can affect their past abilities?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How does long term exposure to stress also cause impairment in memory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When subjects are asked to complete a remembering task after short term exposure they have what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why does long term exposure to stress have less impact?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The history of Jews in Greece goes back to at least the Archaic Era of Greece, when the classical culture of Greece was undergoing a process of formalization after the Greek Dark Age. The Greek historian Herodotus knew of the Jews, whom he called "Palestinian Syrians", and listed them among the levied naval forces in service of the invading Persians. While Jewish monotheism was not deeply affected by Greek Polytheism, the Greek way of living was attractive for many wealthier Jews. The Synagogue in the Agora of Athens is dated to the period between 267 and 396 CE. The Stobi Synagogue in Macedonia, was built on the ruins of a more ancient synagogue in the 4th century, while later in the 5th century, the synagogue was transformed into Christian basilica.
Question: The history of Jews in Greece goes back to which era?
Answer: Archaic Era of Greece
Question: Which Greek historian knew of the Jews?
Answer: Herodotus
Question: What did the Greek historian Herodotus refer to the Jews as?
Answer: "Palestinian Syrians"
Question: The Greek historian Herodotus listed the Jews as the levied naval forces in service to whom?
Answer: the invading Persians
Question: The Synagogue in the Agora of Athens is dated to the period between which two dates?
Answer: 267 and 396 CE |
Context: Since the canons of criticism are highly susceptible to interpretation, and at times even contradict each other, they may be employed to justify a result that fits the textual critic's aesthetic or theological agenda. Starting in the 19th century, scholars sought more rigorous methods to guide editorial judgment. Best-text editing (a complete rejection of eclecticism) became one extreme. Stemmatics and copy-text editing – while both eclectic, in that they permit the editor to select readings from multiple sources – sought to reduce subjectivity by establishing one or a few witnesses presumably as being favored by "objective" criteria.[citation needed] The citing of sources used, and alternate readings, and the use of original text and images helps readers and other critics determine to an extent the depth of research of the critic, and to independently verify their work.
Question: Is textual criticism immune to bias on the part of the critic?
Answer: justify a result that fits the textual critic's aesthetic or theological agenda
Question: When did scientists begin searching for a more defined guideline for textual criticism?
Answer: 19th century
Question: What inclusion helps readers and critics understand the motivation behind the compiler?
Answer: The citing of sources used, and alternate readings, and the use of original text and images
Question: What is a further benefit of including sources, texts and original images in a critique?
Answer: the depth of research of the critic
Question: What canons are not susceptible to interpretation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What canons are not contradictory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did scholars stop looking for more rigorous methods?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The editor sought to raise subjectivity by what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was only permitted to select one reading?
Answer: Unanswerable |
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