text
large_stringlengths 236
26.5k
|
|---|
Context: Red is the color at the end of the spectrum of visible light next to orange and opposite violet. Red color has a predominant light wavelength of roughly 620–740 nanometres. Red is one of the additive primary colors of visible light, along with green and blue, which in Red Green Blue (RGB) color systems are combined to create all the colors on a computer monitor or television screen. Red is also one of the subtractive primary colors, along with yellow and blue, of the RYB color space and traditional color wheel used by painters and artists.
Question: What spectrum of light is red within?
Answer: visible light
Question: Which color is opposite of red on the visible spectrum?
Answer: violet
Question: On the spectrum of light, where is red found?
Answer: 620–740 nanometres
Question: What color is beside red in the visible spectrum of light?
Answer: orange
Question: Red Yellow and Blue are what kind of colors?
Answer: subtractive primary colors
Question: What is the color opposite orange and next to violet on the spectrum of visible light?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has a predominant light wavelength of 640-720 nanometres?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does RBG stand for?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The typical image of migration is of northern landbirds, such as swallows (Hirundinidae) and birds of prey, making long flights to the tropics. However, many Holarctic wildfowl and finch (Fringillidae) species winter in the North Temperate Zone, in regions with milder winters than their summer breeding grounds. For example, the pink-footed goose Anser brachyrhynchus migrates from Iceland to Britain and neighbouring countries, whilst the dark-eyed junco Junco hyemalis migrates from subarctic and arctic climates to the contiguous United States and the American goldfinch from taiga to wintering grounds extending from the American South northwestward to Western Oregon. Migratory routes and wintering grounds are traditional and learned by young during their first migration with their parents. Some ducks, such as the garganey Anas querquedula, move completely or partially into the tropics. The European pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca also follows this migratory trend, breeding in Asia and Europe and wintering in Africa.
Question: Where do the pink-footed goose migrate?
Answer: from Iceland to Britain
Question: Where do the dark-eyed junco migrate?
Answer: arctic climates to the contiguous United States
Question: Where do the European pied flycatcher breed?
Answer: Asia and Europe
Question: Where does the European pied flycatcher spend the winter?
Answer: Africa
Question: How do young learn migratory routes?
Answer: during their first migration with their parents |
Context: Today, with a long cultural tradition and strong support from local educational institutions, Nanjing is commonly viewed as a “city of culture” and one of the more pleasant cities to live in China.
Question: How is Nanjing seen, from a cultural perspective?
Answer: as a “city of culture”
Question: Who provides strong support to Nanjing?
Answer: local educational institutions
Question: What city is considered one of the more pleasant cities to live in, by the Chinese?
Answer: Nanjing
Question: Does Nanjing have a long or short tradition of culture?
Answer: a long cultural tradition |
Context: The state is also a host to a large population of birds which include endemic species and migratory species: greater roadrunner Geococcyx californianus, cactus wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, Mexican jay Aphelocoma ultramarina, Steller's jay Cyanocitta stelleri, acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus, canyon towhee Pipilo fuscus, mourning dove Zenaida macroura, broad-billed hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris, Montezuma quail Cyrtonyx montezumae, mountain trogon Trogon mexicanus, turkey vulture Cathartes aura, and golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos. Trogon mexicanus is an endemic species found in the mountains in Mexico; it is considered an endangered species[citation needed] and has symbolic significance to Mexicans.
Question: The state hosts populations of birds of both endemic species and what?
Answer: migratory species
Question: Cynanthus latirostris is what type of bird?
Answer: hummingbird
Question: Aquila chrysaetos is what type of bird?
Answer: golden eagle
Question: Which endemic species has symbolic significance to Mexicans?
Answer: Trogon mexicanus |
Context: The earliest confirmed evidence of the Chinese script yet discovered is the body of inscriptions on oracle bones from the late Shang dynasty (c. 1200–1050 BC). These symbols, carved on pieces of bone and turtle shell being sold as "dragon bones" for medicinal purposes, were identified as Chinese writing by scholars in 1899. By 1928, the source of the oracle bones had been traced to a village near Anyang in Henan Province, which was excavated by the Academia Sinica between 1928 and 1937. Over 150,000 fragments have been found.
Question: What was the earliest confirmed evidence of the Chinese script?
Answer: oracle bones
Question: Where were the symbols carved on?
Answer: pieces of bone and turtle shell
Question: Where was the source of Oracle bones traced to?
Answer: village near Anyang in Henan Province |
Context: The Sydney Mandolins (Artistic Director: Adrian Hooper) have contributed greatly to the repertoire through commissioning over 200 works by Australian and International composers. Most of these works have been released on Compact Disks and can regularly be heard on radio stations on the ABC and MBS networks. One of their members, mandolin virtuoso Paul Hooper, has had a number of Concertos written for him by composers such as Eric Gross. He has performed and recorded these works with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra and the Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra. As well, Paul Hooper has had many solo works dedicated to him by Australian composers e.g., Caroline Szeto, Ian Shanahan, Larry Sitsky and Michael Smetanin.
Question: Who is the director of the Sydney Mandolins?
Answer: Adrian Hooper
Question: How many commisions of Sydney Mandolins have their been?
Answer: over 200 works
Question: On what media was most of these work released?
Answer: Compact Disks
Question: What radio stations can they be heard on?
Answer: ABC and MBS networks
Question: Who has had many Concertos written for him?
Answer: mandolin virtuoso Paul Hooper
Question: Who isn't the director of the Sydney Mandolins?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many commissions of Sicily Mandolins have there been?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what media was most of these work never released?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What radio stations can they never be heard on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who has had zero Concertos written for him?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Iran has leading manufacturing industries in the fields of car-manufacture and transportation, construction materials, home appliances, food and agricultural goods, armaments, pharmaceuticals, information technology, power and petrochemicals in the Middle East. According to FAO, Iran has been a top five producer of the following agricultural products in the world in 2012: apricots, cherries, sour cherries, cucumbers and gherkins, dates, eggplants, figs, pistachios, quinces, walnuts, and watermelons.
Question: What melon is Iran a Top 5 producer in the world in 2012?
Answer: watermelons
Question: How many agricultural products in 2012 was Iran a top 5 producer in the world? Answer: 12
Answer: apricots, cherries, sour cherries, cucumbers and gherkins, dates, eggplants, figs, pistachios, quinces, walnuts, and watermelons.
Question: What type of materials is Iran a leading manufacturer of in the Middle East?
Answer: construction materials
Question: What type of appliances is Iran a leading manufacturer of in the Middle East?
Answer: home appliances
Question: What type of chemicals is Iran a leading manufacturer of in the Middle East?
Answer: petrochemicals |
Context: Most modern Chinese dictionaries and Chinese dictionaries sold to English speakers use the traditional radical-based character index in a section at the front, while the main body of the dictionary arranges the main character entries alphabetically according to their pinyin spelling. To find a character with unknown sound using one of these dictionaries, the reader finds the radical and stroke number of the character, as before, and locates the character in the radical index. The character's entry will have the character's pronunciation in pinyin written down; the reader then turns to the main dictionary section and looks up the pinyin spelling alphabetically.
Question: What use the traditional radical-based character index?
Answer: modern Chinese dictionaries
Question: What will have the character's pronunciation in pinyin?
Answer: character's entry
Question: What is at the front of most modern Chinese dictionaries?
Answer: traditional radical-based character index |
Context: A very small amount of water vapor inside a light bulb can significantly affect lamp darkening. Water vapor dissociates into hydrogen and oxygen at the hot filament. The oxygen attacks the tungsten metal, and the resulting tungsten oxide particles travel to cooler parts of the lamp. Hydrogen from water vapor reduces the oxide, reforming water vapor and continuing this water cycle. The equivalent of a drop of water distributed over 500,000 lamps will significantly increase darkening. Small amounts of substances such as zirconium are placed within the lamp as a getter to react with any oxygen that may bake out of the lamp components during operation.
Question: How does water vapor inside a light bulb affect lamp darkening?
Answer: significantly increase darkening
Question: Why does water increase lamp darkening?
Answer: The oxygen attacks the tungsten metal, and the resulting tungsten oxide particles travel to cooler parts of the lamp.
Question: What is an example of a substance that is added to light bulbs to reduce this effect?
Answer: zirconium
Question: How much water is necessary to result in this darkening affect?
Answer: The equivalent of a drop of water distributed over 500,000 lamps
Question: What can insignificantly affect lamp darkening?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is broken into hydrogen and oxygen at the cool filament?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why does water decrease lamp darkening?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is added to light bulbs to increase darkening?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much water will significantly decrease darkening?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Meditation was an aspect of the practice of the yogis in the centuries preceding the Buddha. The Buddha built upon the yogis' concern with introspection and developed their meditative techniques, but rejected their theories of liberation. In Buddhism, mindfulness and clear awareness are to be developed at all times; in pre-Buddhist yogic practices there is no such injunction. A yogi in the Brahmanical tradition is not to practice while defecating, for example, while a Buddhist monastic should do so.
Question: Meditation was an aspect of the practice of who?
Answer: the yogis
Question: In Buddhism, what must be developed at all times?
Answer: mindfulness and clear awareness |
Context: Commensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. It is derived from the English word commensal used of human social interaction. The word derives from the medieval Latin word, formed from com- and mensa, meaning "sharing a table".
Question: What language do the roots of "commensal" come from?
Answer: Latin
Question: What type of symbiotic relationship helps one organism and doesn't have a major affect on the other?
Answer: Commensalism
Question: What type of symbiotic relationship happens when there is a major affect on the other organism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What takes place when the organisms are neither significantly harmed or helped?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Commensalism explains a relationship between how many organisms when one gains most of the benefits?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What word is derived from the medieval English word?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is actually sharing a table?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There are various terms that linguists may use to avoid taking a position on whether the speech of a community is an independent language in its own right or a dialect of another language. Perhaps the most common is "variety"; "lect" is another. A more general term is "languoid", which does not distinguish between dialects, languages, and groups of languages, whether genealogically related or not.
Question: What term avoids distinguishing between languages and dialects?
Answer: languoid
Question: What is the most common way of referring to a language without making the determination of whether it's a dialect or independent language?
Answer: variety
Question: Along with variety and languoid, what is another term used for a language without determining its independent status?
Answer: lect
Question: Which term distinguishes between dialects and languages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which term distinguishes between dialects and languages but not variety?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which is the most uncommon term linguists use to avoid taking a position on the speech of a community?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which term distinguishes between dialects and languages but not position?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which term distinguishes between dialects and groups of languages?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Thai alphabet support has been criticized for its ordering of Thai characters. The vowels เ, แ, โ, ใ, ไ that are written to the left of the preceding consonant are in visual order instead of phonetic order, unlike the Unicode representations of other Indic scripts. This complication is due to Unicode inheriting the Thai Industrial Standard 620, which worked in the same way, and was the way in which Thai had always been written on keyboards. This ordering problem complicates the Unicode collation process slightly, requiring table lookups to reorder Thai characters for collation. Even if Unicode had adopted encoding according to spoken order, it would still be problematic to collate words in dictionary order. E.g., the word แสดง [sa dɛːŋ] "perform" starts with a consonant cluster "สด" (with an inherent vowel for the consonant "ส"), the vowel แ-, in spoken order would come after the ด, but in a dictionary, the word is collated as it is written, with the vowel following the ส.
Question: What standard did Unicode inherit involving a Thai language?
Answer: Thai Industrial Standard 620
Question: Why has Thai alphabet support been criticized?
Answer: its ordering of Thai characters
Question: How are the Thai characters ordered incorrectly?
Answer: Thai characters. The vowels เ, แ, โ, ใ, ไ that are written to the left of the preceding consonant are in visual order instead of phonetic order
Question: How are Thai characters written similarly to other Unicode scripts?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What standard did Unicode create for the Thai language?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who criticized the order of Thai characters?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of machine was the Thai Industrial Standard 620 not implemented on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are written to the right of the preceding consonant?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Douglas's business grew astronomically with the onset of World War II, employing as many as 44,000 people in 1943. To defend against air attack set designers from the Warner Brothers Studios prepared elaborate camouflage that disguised the factory and airfield. The RAND Corporation began as a project of the Douglas Company in 1945, and spun off into an independent think tank on May 14, 1948. RAND eventually acquired a 15-acre (61,000 m²) campus centrally located between the Civic Center and the pier entrance.
Question: What brought on the Douglas business's company growth?
Answer: World War II
Question: How many people did the company employ in 1943?
Answer: 44,000
Question: The company used camouflage from what designers?
Answer: Warner Brothers Studios
Question: What was the camouflage designed to do?
Answer: defend against air attack
Question: What company started as a project in 1945?
Answer: RAND
Question: How many people worked for Warner Brothers Studio?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was the Douglas Company founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did World War II end?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How big was Warner Brother Studios' campus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people were employed by RAND?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The styles that resulted fall within several categories. In the mainstream of Georgian style were both Palladian architecture— and its whimsical alternatives, Gothic and Chinoiserie, which were the English-speaking world's equivalent of European Rococo. From the mid-1760s a range of Neoclassical modes were fashionable, associated with the British architects Robert Adam, James Gibbs, Sir William Chambers, James Wyatt, George Dance the Younger, Henry Holland and Sir John Soane. John Nash was one of the most prolific architects of the late Georgian era known as The Regency style, he was responsible for designing large areas of London. Greek Revival architecture was added to the repertory, beginning around 1750, but increasing in popularity after 1800. Leading exponents were William Wilkins and Robert Smirke.
Question: What are the whimsical alternatives of Palladian architecture?
Answer: Gothic and Chinoiserie
Question: Gothic and Chinoiserie were the English-speaking world's equivalent of what style?
Answer: European Rococo
Question: John Nash was one of the most prolific architects of which style?
Answer: The Regency style
Question: Who were two leading exponent of the Greek Revival style?
Answer: William Wilkins and Robert Smirke
Question: Around what year was the Greek Revival added to the repertory?
Answer: around 1750
Question: What style was the English-speaking world's equivalent of the Georgian style?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Palladian architecture is a whimsical alternative to what other two styles?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What modes were fashionable before the mid-1760s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What style of the early Georgian era was John Nash known for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What style architecture lost popularity after 1800?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Pia Toscano, one of the presumed favorites to advance far in the season, was unexpectedly eliminated on April 7, 2011, finishing in ninth place. Her elimination drew criticisms from some former Idol contestants, as well as actor Tom Hanks.
Question: What contestant came in ninth on season ten of American Idol?
Answer: Pia Toscano
Question: What actor was upset when Pia Toscano was eliminated on American Idol?
Answer: Tom Hanks
Question: Which fan favorite was unexpectedly eliminated earlier than expected?
Answer: Pia Toscano
Question: Which actor criticized Toscano's elimination?
Answer: Tom Hanks |
Context: The word "dollar" is one of the words in the first paragraph of Section 9 of Article 1 of the U.S. Constitution. In that context, "dollars" is a reference to the Spanish milled dollar, a coin that had a monetary value of 8 Spanish units of currency, or reales. In 1792 the U.S. Congress adopted legislation titled An act establishing a mint, and regulating the Coins of the United States. Section 9 of that act authorized the production of various coins, including "DOLLARS OR UNITS—each to be of the value of a Spanish milled dollar as the same is now current, and to contain three hundred and seventy-one grains and four sixteenth parts of a grain of pure, or four hundred and sixteen grains of standard silver". Section 20 of the act provided, "That the money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars, or units... and that all accounts in the public offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation". In other words, this act designated the United States dollar as the unit of currency of the United States.
Question: What is "dollars" a reference to?
Answer: the Spanish milled dollar
Question: How much value did a Spanish milled dollar have in relation to Spanish units of currency?
Answer: 8 Spanish units
Question: How much value was one dollar meant to be equivalent to?
Answer: a Spanish milled dollar
Question: How many grains of standard silver were meant to be in a single dollar?
Answer: four hundred and sixteen
Question: How many grains of pure silver were meant to be in a single dollar?
Answer: three hundred and seventy-one
Question: What is "section" a reference to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much value did a Spanish milled dollar have in relation to coins of the United States?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much value was one grain meant to be equivalent to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many single silver dollars were meant cost one dollar to make?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many grains of pure silver were meant to be in a single milled dollar?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: According to statute, Qing society was divided into relatively closed estates, of which in most general terms there were five. Apart from the estates of the officials, the comparatively minuscule aristocracy, and the degree-holding literati, there also existed a major division among ordinary Chinese between commoners and people with inferior status. They were divided into two categories: one of them, the good "commoner" people, the other "mean" people. The majority of the population belonged to the first category and were described as liangmin, a legal term meaning good people, as opposed to jianmin meaning the mean (or ignoble) people. Qing law explicitly stated that the traditional four occupational groups of scholars, farmers, artisans and merchants were "good", or having a status of commoners. On the other hand, slaves or bondservants, entertainers (including prostitutes and actors), and those low-level employees of government officials were the "mean people". Mean people were considered legally inferior to commoners and suffered unequal treatments, forbidden to take the imperial examination.
Question: How many estates were there in Qing society?
Answer: five
Question: What 2 groups were normal Chinese broken into?
Answer: the good "commoner" people, the other "mean" people
Question: What was the legal term for commoner?
Answer: liangmin |
Context: MP3 was designed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) as part of its MPEG-1 standard and later extended in the MPEG-2 standard. The first subgroup for audio was formed by several teams of engineers at Fraunhofer IIS, University of Hannover, AT&T-Bell Labs, Thomson-Brandt, CCETT, and others. MPEG-1 Audio (MPEG-1 Part 3), which included MPEG-1 Audio Layer I, II and III was approved as a committee draft of ISO/IEC standard in 1991, finalised in 1992 and published in 1993 (ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993). Backwards compatible MPEG-2 Audio (MPEG-2 Part 3) with additional bit rates and sample rates was published in 1995 (ISO/IEC 13818-3:1995).
Question: Who designed MP3?
Answer: Moving Picture Experts Group
Question: What was the first standard that this group had?
Answer: MPEG-1
Question: The first standard later developed into which standard?
Answer: MPEG-2
Question: When was the draft passed to have MPEG-1 Audio approved as a standard?
Answer: 1991
Question: When was MPEG-2 Audio finally published?
Answer: 1995 |
Context: In addition, Federal Records Centers exist in each region that house materials owned by Federal agencies. Federal Records Centers are not open for public research. For example, the FRC in Lenexa, Kansas holds items from the treatment of John F. Kennedy after his fatal shooting in 1963.
Question: Where are some of the items relevant to JFKs medical treatments housed?
Answer: Federal Records Centers
Question: Federal Records Centers are particularly unhelpful to what type of research?
Answer: public
Question: Which Federal Records Center houses materials relevant to JFKs assassination?
Answer: FRC in Lenexa, Kansas
Question: When was JFK shot?
Answer: 1963
Question: In what year was JFK elected President?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is JFK originally from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who owns the materials housed for public researchers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was open in Lenexa, Kansas in 1963 for research?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the FRC start allowing in its facility after 1963?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Although Chancellor Wrighton had noted after the 2004 debate that it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility, he subsequently changed his view and the university submitted a bid for the 2008 debates. "These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues, and they allow us to help bring national and international attention to the St. Louis region as one of America's great metropolitan areas," said Wrighton.
Question: What was Chancellor Wrighton's initial sentiment to hosting another presidential debate at Washington University after 2004?
Answer: it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility
Question: What did Chancellor Wrighton state as one of the reasons for hosting another debate at Washington University?
Answer: These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues
Question: What year did Chancellor Wrighton submit another bid for a presidential debate at Washington University after 2004?
Answer: 2008
Question: In what year did Wrighton become Chancellor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who said it would be "probable" that their university would ask to host another debate in 2004?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who said "These common events are a great experience for our students..." in 2008?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of events bring local attention to the St. Louis region?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the very first year that Washington University hosted a presidential debate?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In September 1940, Japan decided to cut China's only land line to the outside world by seizing Indochina, which was controlled at the time by Vichy France. Japanese forces broke their agreement with the Vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a Japanese victory. On 27 September Japan signed a military alliance with Germany and Italy, becoming one of the three Axis Powers. In practice, there was little coordination between Japan and Germany until 1944, by which time the U.S. was deciphering their secret diplomatic correspondence.
Question: Who controled Indochina in 1940?
Answer: Vichy France
Question: When did Japan invade Indochina?
Answer: September 1940
Question: Who were the Axis Powers along with Japan in 1940?
Answer: Germany and Italy
Question: Did Japan and Germany work closely together prior to 1944?
Answer: little coordination
Question: When did Japan take over Indochina?
Answer: September 1940
Question: Who controlled Indochina before the Japanese takeover?
Answer: Vichy France
Question: When did Japan become an Axis power?
Answer: 27 September
Question: How many nations comprised the Axis powers?
Answer: three
Question: How much coordination was there between Japan and Germany?
Answer: little |
Context: The Federalist Party of the United States was opposed by the Democratic-Republicans, including powerful figures such as Thomas Jefferson. The Democratic-Republicans mainly believed that: the Legislature had too much power (mainly because of the Necessary and Proper Clause) and that they were unchecked; the Executive had too much power, and that there was no check on the executive; a dictator would arise; and that a bill of rights should be coupled with the constitution to prevent a dictator (then believed to eventually be the president) from exploiting or tyrannizing citizens. The federalists, on the other hand, argued that it was impossible to list all the rights, and those that were not listed could be easily overlooked because they were not in the official bill of rights. Rather, rights in specific cases were to be decided by the judicial system of courts.
Question: What was the federalist party of the United States opposed to?
Answer: Democratic-Republicans
Question: What did the democratic-republican party believe in?
Answer: the Legislature had too much power (mainly because of the Necessary and Proper Clause) and that they were unchecked
Question: Who decided the rights in specific cases?
Answer: the judicial system of courts
Question: What was the federalist party of the United States in support of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the federalist party of the United Nations opposed to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the democratic-republican party not believe in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the democratic-republican party oppose?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who decided the rights in all cases?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After the bailout was announced, the Portuguese government headed by Pedro Passos Coelho managed to implement measures with the intention of improve the State's financial situation, including tax hikes, a freeze of civil service-related lower-wages and cuts of higher-wages by 14.3%, on top of the government's spending cuts. The Portuguese government also agreed to eliminate its golden share in Portugal Telecom which gave it veto power over vital decisions. In 2012, all public servants had already seen an average wage cut of 20% relative to their 2010 baseline, with cuts reaching 25% for those earning more than 1,500 euro per month.
Question: Who headed the government after the bailout was announced?
Answer: Pedro Passos Coelho
Question: What was the purpose of the Portuguese bailout?
Answer: improve the State's financial situation
Question: How was the Portuguese bailout implemented?
Answer: tax hikes, a freeze of civil service-related lower-wages and cuts of higher-wages by 14.3%, on top of the government's spending cuts
Question: Between 2010 and 2012, by what percentage were the wages of public servants cut?
Answer: 20% |
Context: In the first half of the 11th century, Hai Gaon refers to questions that had been addressed to him from Ashkenaz, by which he undoubtedly means Germany. Rashi in the latter half of the 11th century refers to both the language of Ashkenaz and the country of Ashkenaz. During the 12th century, the word appears quite frequently. In the Mahzor Vitry, the kingdom of Ashkenaz is referred to chiefly in regard to the ritual of the synagogue there, but occasionally also with regard to certain other observances.
Question: When did Hai Gaon refer to questions that had been addressed to him from Ashkenaz?
Answer: the first half of the 11th century
Question: Who is Hai Gaon thought to be referring to when he says Ashkenaz?
Answer: Germany
Question: In the latter half of the 11th century, Rashi refers to what two things?
Answer: both the language of Ashkenaz and the country of Ashkenaz |
Context: Modern archaeology has led to the discovery of Han artwork portraying inventions which were otherwise absent in Han literary sources. As observed in Han miniature tomb models, but not in literary sources, the crank handle was used to operate the fans of winnowing machines that separated grain from chaff. The odometer cart, invented during Han, measured journey lengths, using mechanical figures banging drums and gongs to indicate each distance traveled. This invention is depicted in Han artwork by the 2nd century AD, yet detailed written descriptions were not offered until the 3rd century AD. Modern archaeologists have also unearthed specimens of devices used during the Han dynasty, for example a pair of sliding metal calipers used by craftsmen for making minute measurements. These calipers contain inscriptions of the exact day and year they were manufactured. These tools are not mentioned in any Han literary sources.
Question: During which period was the odometer cart first created?
Answer: Han
Question: What item was used to make very small measurements during this era?
Answer: sliding metal calipers
Question: What has allowed us to discover long lost inventions of the Han era?
Answer: artwork
Question: What was used to separate parts of grain?
Answer: winnowing machines
Question: What use did the odometer cart provide?
Answer: measured journey lengths |
Context: Today, this term also refers to the doctrines and practices of the Reformed churches of which Calvin was an early leader. Less commonly, it can refer to the individual teaching of Calvin himself. The particulars of Calvinist theology may be stated in a number of ways. Perhaps the best known summary is contained in the five points of Calvinism, though these points identify the Calvinist view on soteriology rather than summarizing the system as a whole. Broadly speaking, Calvinism stresses the sovereignty or rule of God in all things — in salvation but also in all of life. This concept is seen clearly in the doctrines of predestination and total depravity.
Question: What is the most well-known summary of Calvin's teachings?
Answer: the five points of Calvinism
Question: What area does the five points of Calvinism focus on?
Answer: the Calvinist view on soteriology
Question: What is a brief description of Calvinism?
Answer: the sovereignty or rule of God in all things
Question: What Calvinism doctrines are examples of the concept of the sovereignty of God?
Answer: predestination and total depravity
Question: Who was an early leader in the Reformed churches?
Answer: Calvin |
Context: Bird eggs are usually laid in a nest. Most species create somewhat elaborate nests, which can be cups, domes, plates, beds scrapes, mounds, or burrows. Some bird nests, however, are extremely primitive; albatross nests are no more than a scrape on the ground. Most birds build nests in sheltered, hidden areas to avoid predation, but large or colonial birds—which are more capable of defence—may build more open nests. During nest construction, some species seek out plant matter from plants with parasite-reducing toxins to improve chick survival, and feathers are often used for nest insulation. Some bird species have no nests; the cliff-nesting common guillemot lays its eggs on bare rock, and male emperor penguins keep eggs between their body and feet. The absence of nests is especially prevalent in ground-nesting species where the newly hatched young are precocial.
Question: Where do birds usually lay their eggs?
Answer: nest
Question: What type of birds lay its eggs on bare rock?
Answer: cliff-nesting common guillemot
Question: Where do male emporer penguins keep eggs?
Answer: between their body and feet
Question: Which type of bird nests are no more than a scrape on the ground?
Answer: albatross |
Context: Many electronic dance music and hip hop releases today are still preferred on vinyl; however, digital copies are still widely available. This is because for disc jockeys ("DJs"), vinyl has an advantage over the CD: direct manipulation of the medium. DJ techniques such as slip-cueing, beatmatching, and scratching originated on turntables. With CDs or compact audio cassettes one normally has only indirect manipulation options, e.g., the play, stop, and pause buttons. With a record one can place the stylus a few grooves farther in or out, accelerate or decelerate the turntable, or even reverse its direction, provided the stylus, record player, and record itself are built to withstand it. However, many CDJ and DJ advances, such as DJ software and time-encoded vinyl, now have these capabilities and more.
Question: What is a reason a DJ would prefer vinyl to CD?
Answer: direct manipulation
Question: In what techniques would a DJ require a vinyl record?
Answer: slip-cueing, beatmatching, and scratching
Question: Are all turn tables capable of DJ manipulation of vinyl records?
Answer: provided the stylus, record player, and record itself are built to withstand it
Question: What is commonly preferred by DJs vinyl or CD?
Answer: any electronic dance music and hip hop releases today are still preferred on vinyl
Question: Had vinyl technology ceased expanding?
Answer: However, many CDJ and DJ advances, such as DJ software and time-encoded vinyl, now have these capabilities and more. |
Context: The original Latin word "universitas" refers in general to "a number of persons associated into one body, a society, company, community, guild, corporation, etc." At the time of the emergence of urban town life and medieval guilds, specialised "associations of students and teachers with collective legal rights usually guaranteed by charters issued by princes, prelates, or the towns in which they were located" came to be denominated by this general term. Like other guilds, they were self-regulating and determined the qualifications of their members.
Question: From what language does Universitas come from?
Answer: Latin
Question: Around the beginning of what two things did word universitas start to become prevalent?
Answer: urban town life and medieval guilds
Question: What did a universitas have in common with similar guilds?
Answer: they were self-regulating
Question: Which individuals usually approved charters for universitas?
Answer: princes, prelates
Question: What is the original greek word for university?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the greek work "universitas" mean?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who issued charters to guilds?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How did universities differ from guilds?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From what language does "emergence" come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Around the beginning of what two things did the word emergence start to become prevalent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did an emergence have in common with similar guilds?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which individuals usually approved charters for generals?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was not guaranteed by charters?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The economy of Himachal Pradesh is currently the third-fastest growing economy in India.[citation needed] Himachal Pradesh has been ranked fourth in the list of the highest per capita incomes of Indian states. This has made it one of the wealthiest places in the entire South Asia. Abundance of perennial rivers enables Himachal to sell hydroelectricity to other states such as Delhi, Punjab, and Rajasthan. The economy of the state is highly dependent on three sources: hydroelectric power, tourism, and agriculture.[citation needed]
Question: What is the third fastest growing economy in India?
Answer: Himachal Pradesh
Question: What is Himachal Pradesh ranked in the highest per capita of Indian States?
Answer: fourth
Question: What enables Himachal to sell hydroelectricity to other states?
Answer: Abundance of perennial rivers
Question: What three things is the economy of the state dependent on?
Answer: hydroelectric power, tourism, and agriculture
Question: What other Indian states does it sell hydroelectricity to?
Answer: Delhi, Punjab, and Rajasthan
Question: What is the third fastest growing economy in Delhi?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Rajasthan ranked in the highest per capita of Indian States?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What dies Punjab sell to other states?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are three things that Delhi's economy is dependent on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the economy like in Rajasthan?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The growth continued into the next season, starting with a season premiere of 26.5 million. The season attracted an average of 21.7 million viewers, and was placed second overall amongst the 18–49 age group. The finale night when Ruben Studdard won over Clay Aiken was also the highest-rated ever American Idol episode at 38.1 million for the final hour. By season three, the show had become the top show in the 18–49 demographic a position it has held for all subsequent years up to and including season ten, and its competition stages ranked first in the nationwide overall ratings. By season four, American Idol had become the most watched series amongst all viewers on American TV for the first time, with an average viewership of 26.8 million. The show reached its peak in season five with numbers averaging 30.6 million per episode, and season five remains the highest-rated season of the series.
Question: How many people watched the first episode of American Idols second season?
Answer: 26.5 million
Question: How many people on average tuned in to watch American Idol in its second season?
Answer: 21.7 million
Question: What contestant won the second season of American Idol?
Answer: Ruben Studdard
Question: During what season did American Idol become the highest rated show across all demographics?
Answer: season four
Question: Which season of American Idol was watched by the most people?
Answer: season five
Question: How many people watched the second season premiere of American Idol?
Answer: 26.5 million
Question: How many people watched on average for season two?
Answer: 21.7 million
Question: By what season was American Idol the most watched show on TV?
Answer: four |
Context: To minimize overall weight and size, miniature PM motors may use high energy magnets made with neodymium or other strategic elements; most such are neodymium-iron-boron alloy. With their higher flux density, electric machines with high-energy PMs are at least competitive with all optimally designed singly-fed synchronous and induction electric machines. Miniature motors resemble the structure in the illustration, except that they have at least three rotor poles (to ensure starting, regardless of rotor position) and their outer housing is a steel tube that magnetically links the exteriors of the curved field magnets.
Question: Why do miniature PM motors use high energy magnets?
Answer: To minimize overall weight and size
Question: What are high energy magnets typically made of?
Answer: neodymium-iron-boron alloy
Question: What does the outer housing of a miniature motor resemble?
Answer: steel tube
Question: How do PMs rate against other types of electric motors?
Answer: least competitive
Question: Why do large PM motors use high energy magnets?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are high energy magnets never made of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What doesn't the outer housing of a miniature motor resemble?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How do PMs rate with other types of electric motors?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: It is thought that annelids were originally animals with two separate sexes, which released ova and sperm into the water via their nephridia. The fertilized eggs develop into trochophore larvae, which live as plankton. Later they sink to the sea-floor and metamorphose into miniature adults: the part of the trochophore between the apical tuft and the prototroch becomes the prostomium (head); a small area round the trochophore's anus becomes the pygidium (tail-piece); a narrow band immediately in front of that becomes the growth zone that produces new segments; and the rest of the trochophore becomes the peristomium (the segment that contains the mouth).
Question: How many sexes of annelids were there originally?
Answer: two
Question: What releases sperm from annelids?
Answer: nephridia
Question: What do annelid eggs become?
Answer: trochophore larvae
Question: What do annelids' larvae live like?
Answer: plankton
Question: What does the trochophore become when annelids mature?
Answer: the prostomium (head)
Question: What releases sperm from annelids eyes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do annelid eggs explode inside?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do annelids' larvae like to eat?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the trochophore become when annelids die?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On 5 June 2008, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, accepted the resignations of both the Secretary of the Air Force, Michael Wynne, and the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, General T. Michael Moseley. Gates in effect fired both men for "systemic issues associated with declining Air Force nuclear mission focus and performance." This followed an investigation into two embarrassing incidents involving mishandling of nuclear weapons: specifically a nuclear weapons incident aboard a B-52 flight between Minot AFB and Barksdale AFB, and an accidental shipment of nuclear weapons components to Taiwan. The resignations were also the culmination of disputes between the Air Force leadership, populated primarily by non-nuclear background fighter pilots, versus Gates. To put more emphasis on nuclear assets, the USAF established the nuclear-focused Air Force Global Strike Command on 24 October 2008.
Question: Who was Robert Gates?
Answer: Secretary of Defense
Question: What Secretary of the Air Force resigned in 2008?
Answer: Michael Wynne
Question: What US Chief of Staff of the US Air Force also resigned in June of 2008?
Answer: General T. Michael Moseley
Question: Where did the US Air Force accidentally ship a component of Nuclear Weapons?
Answer: Taiwan
Question: When was the Air Force Global Strike Command formed?
Answer: 24 October 2008 |
Context: New York City is located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, and the boroughs of Manhattan and Staten Island are (primarily) coterminous with islands of the same names, while Queens and Brooklyn are located at the west end of the larger Long Island, and The Bronx is located at the southern tip of New York State's mainland. This situation of boroughs separated by water led to the development of an extensive infrastructure of bridges and tunnels. Nearly all of the city's major bridges and tunnels are notable, and several have broken or set records.
Question: What island is the borough of Brooklyn located on?
Answer: Long Island
Question: Queens is located on what part of Long Island?
Answer: the west end
Question: The borough of Staten Island is primarily located on what island?
Answer: Staten Island |
Context: The Nintendo Entertainment System (also abbreviated as NES) is an 8-bit home video game console that was developed and manufactured by Nintendo. It was initially released in Japan as the Family Computer (Japanese: ファミリーコンピュータ, Hepburn: Famirī Konpyūta?) (also known by the portmanteau abbreviation Famicom (ファミコン, Famikon?) and abbreviated as FC) on July 15, 1983, and was later released in North America during 1985, in Europe during 1986, and Australia in 1987. In South Korea, it was known as the Hyundai Comboy (현대 컴보이 Hyeondae Keomboi) and was distributed by SK Hynix which then was known as Hyundai Electronics. It was succeeded by the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.
Question: What is the abbreviation of Nintendo Entertainment System?
Answer: NES
Question: what was it called in Japan?
Answer: Family Computer
Question: When was the Family Computer (Famicom) released in Japan?
Answer: July 15, 1983
Question: When was it released in Australia?
Answer: 1987
Question: What succeeded the Famicom?
Answer: Super Nintendo Entertainment System
Question: What is the abbreviation of Mintendo Entertainment System?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: what was it called in China?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Family Computer (Famicom) released in China?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was it released in Africa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What preceded the Famicom?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The language of treaties, like that of any law or contract, must be interpreted when the wording does not seem clear or it is not immediately apparent how it should be applied in a perhaps unforeseen circumstance. The Vienna Convention states that treaties are to be interpreted "in good faith" according to the "ordinary meaning given to the terms of the treaty in their context and in the light of its object and purpose." International legal experts also often invoke the 'principle of maximum effectiveness,' which interprets treaty language as having the fullest force and effect possible to establish obligations between the parties.
Question: What principle is often invoked by legal experts when interpreting the language of treaties?
Answer: principle of maximum effectiveness
Question: The principle of maximum effectiveness interprets the language of treaties as having what effect to establish obligations between parties?
Answer: the fullest force and effect
Question: What states that treaties are to be interpreted "in good faith" according to the "ordinary meaning given to the terms of the treaty in their context and in light of its object and purpose?"
Answer: The Vienna Convention
Question: What property of treaties must often be interpreted when it's not clear?
Answer: The language
Question: Besides unclear language what might also arise that necessitates the interpretation of the language of a treaty?
Answer: a perhaps unforeseen circumstance |
Context: Notable among a number of songs commonly played and sung at various events such as commencement and convocation, and athletic games are: "I’m a Jayhawk", "Fighting Jayhawk", "Kansas Song", "Sunflower Song", "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue", the "Rock Chalk, Jayhawk" chant", "Home on the Range" and "Stand Up and Cheer."
Question: What are two events non-sports at which school songs are often heard?
Answer: commencement and convocation
Question: What are two songs that reference the school's team colors in their titles?
Answer: "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue"
Question: What is the name of a song that references the state that KU serves?
Answer: "Kansas Song"
Question: What is the name of a traditional American song that is associated with KU?
Answer: "Home on the Range"
Question: What are three events non-sports at which school songs are often heard?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are three songs that reference the school's team colors in their titles?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of a traditional Canadian song that is associated with KU?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of a song that references the country that KU serves?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of a traditional American song that is not associated with KU?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Four years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power. The Russians were in constant pursuit of a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. The Manchurian Campaign of the Russian Empire was fought against the Japanese over Manchuria and Korea. The major theatres of operations were Southern Manchuria, specifically the area around the Liaodong Peninsula and Mukden, and the seas around Korea, Japan, and the Yellow Sea. The resulting campaigns, in which the fledgling Japanese military consistently attained victory over the Russian forces arrayed against them, were unexpected by world observers. These victories, as time transpired, would dramatically transform the distribution of power in East Asia, resulting in a reassessment of Japan's recent entry onto the world stage. The embarrassing string of defeats increased Russian popular dissatisfaction with the inefficient and corrupt Tsarist government.
Question: When dd the Russo-Japanese war take place?
Answer: Four years into the 20th century
Question: What did the battle of Port Arthur establish?
Answer: the Empire of Japan as a world power.
Question: What were the Russians hoping to find in the pacific ocean?
Answer: warm water port
Question: Why did the Manchurian Campaign fight the Russians.
Answer: over Manchuria and Korea.
Question: How were the Japanese victories over the Russians views around the world?
Answer: unexpected |
Context: The Germanic peoples during the Migrations Period came into contact with other peoples; in the case of the populations settling in the territory of modern Germany, they encountered Celts to the south, and Balts and Slavs towards the east. The Limes Germanicus was breached in AD 260. Migrating Germanic tribes commingled with the local Gallo-Roman populations in what is now Swabia and Bavaria. The arrival of the Huns in Europe resulted in Hun conquest of large parts of Eastern Europe, the Huns initially were allies of the Roman Empire who fought against Germanic tribes, but later the Huns cooperated with the Germanic tribe of the Ostrogoths, and large numbers of Germans lived within the lands of the Hunnic Empire of Attila. Attila had both Hunnic and Germanic families and prominent Germanic chiefs amongst his close entourage in Europe. The Huns living in Germanic territories in Eastern Europe adopted an East Germanic language as their lingua franca. A major part of Attila's army were Germans, during the Huns' campaign against the Roman Empire. After Attila's unexpected death the Hunnic Empire collapsed with the Huns disappearing as a people in Europe – who either escaped into Asia, or otherwise blended in amongst Europeans.
Question: During the Migrations period Germans would encounter what groups in the east?
Answer: Balts and Slavs
Question: During the Migrations period Germans would encounter what group in the south?
Answer: Celts
Question: The Limes Germanicus was breached in what year?
Answer: AD 260
Question: Who allied with the Germans after previous fighting them along side the Romans?
Answer: the Huns
Question: What leader had both prominent German and Hun families in his entourage throughout Europe?
Answer: Attila
Question: When was the Limes Germanicus breached?
Answer: AD 260
Question: Who did the Germans come in contact with to the south?
Answer: Celts
Question: Which Germanic tribe did the Huns cooperate with?
Answer: Ostrogoths
Question: What language did the Huns adopt?
Answer: East Germanic
Question: What happened to the Huns after Attila's death?
Answer: either escaped into Asia, or otherwise blended in amongst Europeans
Question: During what period did the Germanic people have little contact with other people?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was breached in the 2nd century AD?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened to the Huns after the Roman Empire collapsed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: what part of Europe did the Huns conquer for Rome?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Republic of the Congo (French: République du Congo), also known as Congo, Congo Republic, West Congo[citation needed], or Congo-Brazzaville, is a country located in Central Africa. It is bordered by five countries: Gabon to the west; Cameroon to the northwest; the Central African Republic to the northeast; the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the east and south; and the Angolan exclave of Cabinda to the southwest.
Question: What is the French term for the Republic of the Congo?
Answer: République du Congo
Question: Which country lies on Congo's northeast border?
Answer: Central African Republic
Question: Whic country lies on Congo's western border?
Answer: Gabon
Question: Which country lies on Congo's northwest border?
Answer: Cameroon
Question: In what part of Africa is the Congo located?
Answer: Central Africa
Question: What is the Angolan name for The Republic of the Congo?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What country borders the west of Gabon?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What borders northwest Cameroon?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the French name for Gabon?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Central African Republic also known as?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Barcelona is one of the most supported teams in the world, and has the largest social media following in the world among sports teams. Barcelona's players have won a record number of Ballon d'Or awards (11), as well as a record number of FIFA World Player of the Year awards (7). In 2010, the club made history when three players who came through its youth academy (Messi, Iniesta and Xavi) were chosen as the three best players in the world in the FIFA Ballon d'Or awards, an unprecedented feat for players from the same football school.
Question: Which sports team has the world's largest social media following?
Answer: Barcelona
Question: How Ballon d'Or awards have members of the Barcelona team won?
Answer: 11
Question: How amny FIFA World Player of the Year have members of FC Barcelona won?
Answer: 7
Question: How amny of Barcelona's players were picked as the three best players of the year in 2010?
Answer: three
Question: Where did Messi, Iniesta and Xavi learn their football in Barcelona?
Answer: youth academy |
Context: As a result of continued warming, the polar ice caps melted and much of Gondwana became a desert. In Eastern Antarctica, seed ferns or pteridosperms became abundant and large amounts of sandstone and shale were laid down at this time. Synapsids, commonly known as "mammal-like reptiles", were common in Antarctica during the Early Triassic and included forms such as Lystrosaurus. The Antarctic Peninsula began to form during the Jurassic period (206–146 Ma), and islands gradually rose out of the ocean. Ginkgo trees, conifers, bennettites, horsetails, ferns and cycads were plentiful during this period. In West Antarctica, coniferous forests dominated through the entire Cretaceous period (146–66 Ma), though southern beech became more prominent towards the end of this period. Ammonites were common in the seas around Antarctica, and dinosaurs were also present, though only three Antarctic dinosaur genera (Cryolophosaurus and Glacialisaurus, from the Hanson Formation, and Antarctopelta) have been described to date. It was during this era that Gondwana began to break up.
Question: What did most of Gondwana become when the polar ice melted?
Answer: desert
Question: What plants were abundant during this time?
Answer: pteridosperms
Question: What type of reptiles were common during the early Triassic?
Answer: Synapsids
Question: When did the Antarctic peninsula form?
Answer: Jurassic period
Question: During what period did Gondwana begin to break apart?
Answer: Cretaceous
Question: What caused polar ice caps to form on Gondwana?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of plamdt became abundent on Gondwana?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of animal was coomon during the Late Triassic?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What penninsula formed during the Triassic period?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did Eastern Antarctica become?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of rock was laid down in Eastern Gondwana?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What began to form during the years 204-166 Ma?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What types of trees and plants appeared during the Triassic period?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What period is marked by the years 166-46 Ma?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In Rome, Nero and his architects used mosaics to cover some surfaces of walls and ceilings in the Domus Aurea, built 64 AD, and wall mosaics are also found at Pompeii and neighbouring sites. However it seems that it was not until the Christian era that figural wall mosaics became a major form of artistic expression. The Roman church of Santa Costanza, which served as a mausoleum for one or more of the Imperial family, has both religious mosaic and decorative secular ceiling mosaics on a round vault, which probably represent the style of contemporary palace decoration.
Question: Which caesar hired builders to construct the Domus Aurea?
Answer: Nero
Question: When did figure wall mosaics become the highest form of artistic expression?
Answer: the Christian era
Question: The church of Santa Costanza is in what country?
Answer: Rome
Question: When was the Domus Aurea constructed?
Answer: 64 AD
Question: The imperial family of Rome used the church of Santa Costanza as what?
Answer: a mausoleum |
Context: The Great Basin and Columbia Plateau (the Intermontane Plateaus) are arid or semiarid regions that lie in the rain shadow of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada. Precipitation averages less than 15 inches (38 cm). The Southwest is a hot desert, with temperatures exceeding 100 °F (37.8 °C) for several weeks at a time in summer. The Southwest and the Great Basin are also affected by the monsoon from the Gulf of California from July to September, which brings localized but often severe thunderstorms to the region.
Question: Which areas have arid regions?
Answer: The Great Basin and Columbia Plateau
Question: What is the precipitation average in the Intermontane plateaus?
Answer: 15 inches
Question: In the southwest, how high do temperatures get?
Answer: 100 °F (37.8 °C)
Question: During which months are portions of the US affected by the monsoon from the Gulf of California?
Answer: July to September
Question: What type of weather do monsoons bring?
Answer: severe thunderstorms
Question: The great basin and what other region are semiarid?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The cascade Sierra Nevada receive how much precipitation on average
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: South-central United States is a hot desert with temperatures exceeding what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Southeast and great basin are affected by what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Monsoons bring widespread what to the region?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: During the late 19th Century the Jadidists established themselves as an Islamic social movement throughout the region. Although the Jadidists were pro-modernization and not necessarily anti-Russian the Russians viewed the movement as a threat.[citation needed] Russian troops were required to restore order during uprisings against the Khanate of Kokand between 1910 and 1913. Further violence occurred in July 1916 when demonstrators attacked Russian soldiers in Khujand over the threat of forced conscription during World War I. Despite Russian troops quickly bringing Khujand back under control, clashes continued throughout the year in various locations in Tajikistan.[citation needed]
Question: What did the Jadidists establish themselves as in the late 19th century?
Answer: an Islamic social movement throughout the region
Question: Who were viewed as a threat by the Jadidists?
Answer: Russians
Question: When was the uprising against the Khanate of Kokand?
Answer: between 1910 and 1913
Question: Why did demonstrators attack Russian soldiers in Khujand?
Answer: the threat of forced conscription during World War I
Question: During the late 18th century, the Jadidists established themselves as what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The uprisings against the Khanate of Poland took place between what year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Demonstrators attacked Chinese soldiers in Khujand over what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which troops took forever to bring Khujand back under control?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which group was anti-modernization?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Estonian has been influenced by Swedish, German (initially Middle Low German, which was the lingua franca of the Hanseatic League and spoken natively in the territories of what is today known as Estonia by a sizeable burgher community of Baltic Germans, later Estonian was also influenced by standard German), and Russian, though it is not related to them genetically.
Question: Who spoke German in what came to be known as Estonia?
Answer: Baltic Germans
Question: Aside from standard German what German language influenced Estonian?
Answer: Middle Low German
Question: Baltic Germans spoke which language?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What German language did not influence Estonian?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is Middle Low German spoken today?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which language did Russian not influence?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The terms piracy and theft are often associated with copyright infringement. The original meaning of piracy is "robbery or illegal violence at sea", but the term has been in use for centuries as a synonym for acts of copyright infringement. Theft, meanwhile, emphasizes the potential commercial harm of infringement to copyright holders. However, copyright is a type of intellectual property, an area of law distinct from that which covers robbery or theft, offenses related only to tangible property. Not all copyright infringement results in commercial loss, and the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1985 that infringement does not easily equate with theft.
Question: What terms are often linked to people who illegally use or distribute content that is not their own?
Answer: piracy and theft
Question: What means the same as robbery or illegal violence at sea?
Answer: piracy
Question: What kind of property is copyright used for?
Answer: intellectual property
Question: What is the difference between robbery and piracy?
Answer: related only to tangible property
Question: In the 1980's, the Supreme Court ruled that infringement does not equal what?
Answer: theft
Question: What terms are often linked to people who legally use or distribute content that is not their own?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What doesn't mean the same as robbery or illegal violence at sea?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of property is copyright not used for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the same about robbery and piracy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In the 1980's, the Supreme Court ruled that infringement equals what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Vinyl records do not break easily, but the soft material is easily scratched. Vinyl readily acquires a static charge, attracting dust that is difficult to remove completely. Dust and scratches cause audio clicks and pops. In extreme cases, they can cause the needle to skip over a series of grooves, or worse yet, cause the needle to skip backwards, creating a "locked groove" that repeats over and over. This is the origin of the phrase "like a broken record" or "like a scratched record", which is often used to describe a person or thing that continually repeats itself. Locked grooves are not uncommon and were even heard occasionally in radio broadcasts.
Question: What causes clicks and pops on vinyl records?
Answer: Dust and scratches
Question: What is the cause of lock grooves on vinyl records?
Answer: Dust and scratches
Question: Where does the saying "Like a broken record" originate?
Answer: locked groove
Question: How easily do vinyl records break?
Answer: Vinyl records do not break easily
Question: What is a common damage to vinyl records?
Answer: easily scratched. |
Context: This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivity related to right prefrontal activity) comes from research on shyness and research on behavioral inhibition. Research that tested the competing hypotheses generated by all four models also supported the Action Tendency Model.
Question: What model described the opposite of approach as moving away?
Answer: Direction Model
Question: What model described the opposite of approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength?
Answer: Movement Model
Question: According to the Action Tendency Model, the opposite of approach is described as unmoving with what?
Answer: passive yielding
Question: Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait resulted in support for the Action Tendency Model?
Answer: shyness
Question: What model did not describe the opposite of approach as moving away?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What model described the same approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: According to the Action Tendency Model, the similar approach is described as unmoving with what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait did not result in support for the Action Tendency Model?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.
Question: When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers?
Answer: unaspirated
Question: If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what?
Answer: compound words
Question: If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what?
Answer: aspirated
Question: If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what?
Answer: unaspirated
Question: What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When is the consonant unaspirated?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Distaste has an unaspirated middle why?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Southampton Solent University has 17,000 students and its strengths are in the training, design, consultancy, research and other services undertaken for business and industry. It is also host to the Warsash Maritime Academy, which provides training and certification for the international shipping and off-shore oil industries.
Question: How many students attend Southampton Solent University?
Answer: 17,000
Question: What specialized academy does Southampton Solent University host?
Answer: Warsash Maritime Academy
Question: In addition to international shipping, what other industry does the Warsash Maritime Academy prepare students for?
Answer: off-shore oil |
Context: The Times Literary Supplement (TLS) first appeared in 1902 as a supplement to The Times, becoming a separately paid-for weekly literature and society magazine in 1914. The Times and the TLS have continued to be co-owned, and as of 2012 the TLS is also published by News International and cooperates closely with The Times, with its online version hosted on The Times website, and its editorial offices based in Times House, Pennington Street, London.
Question: What is the name of the supplement that first appeared in 1902 as a supplement to The Times?
Answer: Times Literary Supplement
Question: In 1914, a separately paid-for supplement for The Times was a magazine that featured what kind of content?
Answer: weekly literature
Question: The editorial offices of The Times Literary Supplement is based in what location in London?
Answer: Times House, Pennington Street
Question: In what year did The Times Literary Supplement begin publishing online?
Answer: 2012 |
Context: Because of the acceptance of miscegenation, Brazil has avoided the binary polarization of society into black and white. In addition, it abolished slavery without a civil war. The bitter and sometimes violent racial tensions that have divided the US are notably absent in Brazil. According to the 2010 census, 6.7% of Brazilians said they were black, compared with 6.2% in 2000, and 43.1% said they were racially mixed, up from 38.5%. In 2010, Elio Ferreira de Araujo, Brazil's minister for racial equality, attributed the increases to growing pride among his country's black and indigenous communities.
Question: What has Brazil avoided?
Answer: the binary polarization of society into black and white
Question: What is happened in the US that did not happen in Brazil when slavery ended?
Answer: civil war
Question: How do the US and Brazil vary after slavery has ended?
Answer: violent racial tensions that have divided the US are notably absent in Brazil.
Question: Who is the Brazilian Prime Minister for racial equality?
Answer: Elio Ferreira de Araujo
Question: Who is responsible for the growing pride in Brazilian communities?
Answer: black and indigenous communities. |
Context: Following the Army of the Loire's defeats, Gambetta turned to General Faidherbe's Army of the North. The army had achieved several small victories at towns such as Ham, La Hallue, and Amiens and was protected by the belt of fortresses in northern France, allowing Faidherbe's men to launch quick attacks against isolated Prussian units, then retreat behind the fortresses. Despite access to the armaments factories of Lille, the Army of the North suffered from severe supply difficulties, which depressed morale. In January 1871, Gambetta forced Faidherbe to march his army beyond the fortresses and engage the Prussians in open battle. The army was severely weakened by low morale, supply problems, the terrible winter weather and low troop quality, whilst general Faidherbe was unable to command due to his poor health, the result of decades of campaigning in West Africa. At the Battle of St. Quentin, the Army of the North suffered a crushing defeat and was scattered, releasing thousands of Prussian soldiers to be relocated to the East.
Question: What army's defeats turned Gambetta to the Army of the North?
Answer: Army of the Loire's
Question: Who led the Army of the North?
Answer: General Faidherbe
Question: Several smaller victories were acheived by the protection of what?
Answer: belt of fortresses
Question: The belt of fortresses were in what area of France?
Answer: northern France
Question: This position in the north allowed whose men to launch fast attacks against Prussian units?
Answer: Faidherbe's |
Context: Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the revival and then the ascendancy of the Umayyad clan to the corridors of power. Uthman placed some of the trusted members of his clan at prominent and strong positions throughout the state. Most notable was the appointment of Marwan ibn al-Hakam, Uthman's first cousin, as his top advisor, which created a stir among the Hashimite companions of Muhammad, as Marwan along with his father Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As had been permanently exiled from Medina by Muhammad during his lifetime. Uthman also appointed as governor of Kufa his half-brother, Walid ibn Uqba, who was accused by Hashmites of leading prayer while under the influence of alcohol. Uthman also consolidated Muawiyah's governorship of Syria by granting him control over a larger area and appointed his foster brother Abdullah ibn Saad as the Governor of Egypt. However, since Uthman never named an heir, he cannot be considered the founder of a dynasty.
Question: When did Muawiyah become caliph?
Answer: 661
Question: When did the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan end?
Answer: 656
Question: Who was the son of Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As?
Answer: Marwan ibn al-Hakam
Question: Who was the second ruler to asset the Umayyads' right to rule on dynastic principal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who do most historians think was the first rules of the Umayyad dynasty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which caliphate witnessed the downfall of the Umayyad clan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was Marwan ibn al-Hakam'a top advisor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why can Uthman be considered the founder of a dynasty?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Carnival celebrations, usually referred to as Mardi Gras (Fat Tuesday in French), were first celebrated in the Gulf Coast area, but now occur in many states. Customs originated in the onetime French colonial capitals of Mobile (now in Alabama), New Orleans (Louisiana) and Biloxi (Mississippi), all of which have celebrated for many years with street parades and masked balls. Other major American cities with celebrations include Washington, DC; St. Louis, Missouri; San Francisco; San Diego; Galveston, Texas; and Miami, Pensacola, Tampa, and Orlando in Florida.
Question: What does Mardi Gras translate to in French?
Answer: Fat Tuesday
Question: Where was Mardi Gras first celebrated?
Answer: Gulf Coast area
Question: What originated in the onetime French colonial capitals?
Answer: Customs
Question: What has been part of the celebrations for many years?
Answer: street parades and masked balls
Question: Washington, D.C. and Galveston, Texas are some major American cities which have what?
Answer: celebrations |
Context: Counter-intuitively, the "micro" size is the most durable from the point of designed insertion lifetime. The standard and mini connectors were designed for less than daily connections, with a design lifetime of 1,500 insertion-removal cycles. (Improved mini-B connectors have reached 5,000-cycle lifetimes.) Micro connectors were designed with frequent charging of portable devices in mind; not only is design lifetime of the connector improved to 10,000 cycles, but it was also redesigned to place the flexible contacts, which wear out sooner, on the easily replaced cable, while the more durable rigid contacts are located in the micro-USB receptacles. Likewise, the springy part of the retention mechanism (parts that provide required gripping force) were also moved into plugs on the cable side.
Question: What size is the most durable from the point of designed insertion lifetime?
Answer: the "micro" size
Question: What was designed for less daily connections?
Answer: The standard and mini connectors
Question: What has reached 5,000-cycle lifetimes?
Answer: Improved mini-B connectors
Question: What was designed with frequent charging of portable devices in mind?
Answer: Micro connectors |
Context: Morales began work on his "indigenous autonomy" policy, which he launched in the eastern lowlands department on August 3, 2009, making Bolivia the first country in the history of South America to affirm the right of indigenous people to govern themselves. Speaking in Santa Cruz Department, the President called it "a historic day for the peasant and indigenous movement", saying that, though he might make errors, he would "never betray the fight started by our ancestors and the fight of the Bolivian people". A vote on further autonomy will take place in referendums which are expected to be held in December 2009. The issue has divided the country.
Question: Who came up with a policy for indigenous autonomy?
Answer: Morales
Question: When did Morales launch his policy in the eastern lowlands?
Answer: 2009
Question: What was Bolivia the first country in the history of South America to do?
Answer: affirm the right of indigenous people to govern themselves
Question: What did the President vow he would never betray?
Answer: fight
Question: What effect has the issue of indigenous autonomy had on Bolivia?
Answer: divided |
Context: New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl is commonly used for modern audiophile vinyl releases in all genres. Many collectors prefer to have heavyweight vinyl albums, which have been reported to have better sound than normal vinyl because of their higher tolerance against deformation caused by normal play. 180 g vinyl is more expensive to produce only because it uses more vinyl. Manufacturing processes are identical regardless of weight. In fact, pressing lightweight records requires more care. An exception is the propensity of 200 g pressings to be slightly more prone to non-fill, when the vinyl biscuit does not sufficiently fill a deep groove during pressing (percussion or vocal amplitude changes are the usual locations of these artifacts). This flaw causes a grinding or scratching sound at the non-fill point.
Question: What is the most used material for modern audiophile vinyl releases?
Answer: New or "virgin" heavy/heavyweight (180–220 g) vinyl
Question: What is the material preference of collectors?
Answer: heavyweight vinyl
Question: How does the manufacturing process differ between heavyweight and normal vinyl?
Answer: Manufacturing processes are identical
Question: Would would a non filled area in a vinyl press cause when listening to a record?
Answer: grinding or scratching sound
Question: Which pressing of vinyl require more attention to detail, lightweight or heavyweight?
Answer: lightweight records requires more care |
Context: The Arabian oryx, a species of large antelope, once inhabited much of the desert areas of the Middle East. However, the species' striking appearance made it (along with the closely related scimitar-horned oryx and addax) a popular quarry for sport hunters, especially foreign executives of oil companies working in the region.[citation needed] The use of automobiles and high-powered rifles destroyed their only advantage: speed, and they became extinct in the wild exclusively due to sport hunting in 1972. The scimitar-horned oryx followed suit, while the addax became critically endangered. However, the Arabian oryx has now made a comeback and been upgraded from “extinct in the wild” to “vulnerable” due to conservation efforts like captive breeding
Question: What large species of antelope once made its home in the desert areas of the Middle East?
Answer: The Arabian oryx
Question: Why did sport hunters find the Arabian oryx to be a worthwhile quarry to hunt?
Answer: the species' striking appearance
Question: When did the Arabian oryx become extinct in the wild due to sport hunting?
Answer: 1972
Question: How did hunters obliterate the advantage bestowed upon the oryx by evolution?
Answer: use of automobiles and high-powered rifles
Question: What animal has made a miraculous comeback and been upgraded from "extinct in the wild" to "vulnerable"?
Answer: Arabian oryx
Question: What is a species of large antelope?
Answer: Arabian oryx
Question: What did the large antelope species once inhabit?
Answer: much of the desert areas of the Middle East
Question: What destroyed the Arabian oryx only advantage of speed.
Answer: automobiles and high-powered rifles
Question: When did the Arabian oryx become extinct?
Answer: 1972
Question: What contributed to the Arabian oryx rise from extinct to vulnerable?
Answer: conservation efforts
Question: In what year was oil first drilled for in the Middle East?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why has the scimitar-horned oryx make a comeback?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What status has the scimitar-horned oryx been upgraded to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What status was the addax upgraded from in 1972?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What feature in land areas of the Middle East first attracted foreign oil executives?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Matter should not be confused with mass, as the two are not quite the same in modern physics. For example, mass is a conserved quantity, which means that its value is unchanging through time, within closed systems. However, matter is not conserved in such systems, although this is not obvious in ordinary conditions on Earth, where matter is approximately conserved. Still, special relativity shows that matter may disappear by conversion into energy, even inside closed systems, and it can also be created from energy, within such systems. However, because mass (like energy) can neither be created nor destroyed, the quantity of mass and the quantity of energy remain the same during a transformation of matter (which represents a certain amount of energy) into non-material (i.e., non-matter) energy. This is also true in the reverse transformation of energy into matter.
Question: What is considered the same as matter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does special relativity show mass can do?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can be created or destroyed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What changes during the transformation of matter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does not change in an open system?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Uranium metal reacts with almost all non-metal elements (with an exception of the noble gases) and their compounds, with reactivity increasing with temperature. Hydrochloric and nitric acids dissolve uranium, but non-oxidizing acids other than hydrochloric acid attack the element very slowly. When finely divided, it can react with cold water; in air, uranium metal becomes coated with a dark layer of uranium oxide. Uranium in ores is extracted chemically and converted into uranium dioxide or other chemical forms usable in industry.
Question: What non-metal elements does uranium notably not react to?
Answer: noble gases
Question: Along with nitric acids, what acids dissolve uranium?
Answer: Hydrochloric
Question: What coats uranium metal in air?
Answer: uranium oxide
Question: What is a notable form uranium ore is converted into after extraction?
Answer: uranium dioxide
Question: What reacts with finely divided uranium?
Answer: cold water
Question: What non-metal elements does uranium notably react to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with nitric acids, what acids dissolve in uranium?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What coats uranium metal in liquid?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a notable form uranium ore is converted into before extraction?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What reacts with finely multiplied uranium?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The British had already arranged licence building of the Bofors 40 mm, and introduced these into service. These had the power to knock down aircraft of any size, yet were light enough to be mobile and easily swung. The gun became so important to the British war effort that they even produced a movie, The Gun, that encouraged workers on the assembly line to work harder. The Imperial measurement production drawings the British had developed were supplied to the Americans who produced their own (unlicensed) copy of the 40 mm at the start of the war, moving to licensed production in mid-1941.
Question: What did the British get a license to build?
Answer: the Bofors 40 mm
Question: While light, the Bofors 40mm were powerful enough to take down what size aircraft?
Answer: aircraft of any size
Question: What was produced to inspire people on the assembly line to work harder?
Answer: a movie
Question: What was the movie made to inspire assembly line workers called?
Answer: The Gun
Question: Who started making an unlicensed version of the 40mm at the beginning of the war?
Answer: Americans |
Context: LeToya Luckett and Roberson became unhappy with Mathew's managing of the band and eventually were replaced by Farrah Franklin and Michelle Williams. Beyoncé experienced depression following the split with Luckett and Roberson after being publicly blamed by the media, critics, and blogs for its cause. Her long-standing boyfriend left her at this time. The depression was so severe it lasted for a couple of years, during which she occasionally kept herself in her bedroom for days and refused to eat anything. Beyoncé stated that she struggled to speak about her depression because Destiny's Child had just won their first Grammy Award and she feared no one would take her seriously. Beyoncé would later speak of her mother as the person who helped her fight it. Franklin was dismissed, leaving just Beyoncé, Rowland, and Williams.
Question: What mental health issue did Beyonce go through?
Answer: depression
Question: What event occured after she was publicly criticized?
Answer: boyfriend left her
Question: Who supported Beyonce through her depression?
Answer: her mother
Question: What event caused Beyonce's depression?
Answer: split with Luckett and Rober
Question: How long was Beyonce depressed?
Answer: a couple of years
Question: Who helped Beyonce fight her depression the most?
Answer: her mother
Question: Who replaced Luckett and Roberson in Destiny's Child?
Answer: Farrah Franklin and Michelle Williams.
Question: Who was blamed for Luckett and Roberson leaving Destiny's Child?
Answer: Beyoncé
Question: Who helped Beyoncé overcome her depression during the years following the Destiny's Child split?
Answer: her mother
Question: Which newest member was removed from Destiny's Child?
Answer: Farrah Franklin |
Context: Neutering refers to the sterilization of animals, usually by removal of the male's testicles or the female's ovaries and uterus, in order to eliminate the ability to procreate and reduce sex drive. Because of the overpopulation of dogs in some countries, many animal control agencies, such as the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), advise that dogs not intended for further breeding should be neutered, so that they do not have undesired puppies that may have to later be euthanized.
Question: What is it called when an animal is altered to prevent procreation?
Answer: Neutering
Question: According to the text, what agency recommends altering dogs to prevent pregnancies?
Answer: the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA)
Question: What is typically surgically removed on male dogs to prevent procreation?
Answer: testicles
Question: What is usually removed in female dogs to prevent pregnancy?
Answer: ovaries and uterus
Question: In neutering, what is removed in a male dog?
Answer: testicles
Question: In neutering, what is removed in female dogs?
Answer: ovaries and uterus
Question: What does the ASPCA recommend for dogs who are not used for breeding purposes?
Answer: neutered |
Context: Oklahoma City is home to the state's largest school district, Oklahoma City Public Schools. The district's Classen School of Advanced Studies and Harding Charter Preparatory High School rank high among public schools nationally according to a formula that looks at the number of Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate and/or Cambridge tests taken by the school's students divided by the number of graduating seniors. In addition, OKCPS's Belle Isle Enterprise Middle School was named the top middle school in the state according to the Academic Performance Index, and recently received the Blue Ribbon School Award, in 2004 and again in 2011. KIPP Reach College Preparatory School in Oklahoma City received the 2012 National Blue Ribbon along with its school leader, Tracy McDaniel Sr., being awarded the Terrel H. Bell Award for Outstanding Leadership.
Question: What is Oklahoma's largest school district?
Answer: Oklahoma City Public Schools
Question: What year did KIPP Reach College Preparatory School win the National Blue Ribbon Award?
Answer: 2012 |
Context: In 1906, precipitation hardening alloys were discovered by Alfred Wilm. Precipitation hardening alloys, such as certain alloys of aluminium, titanium, and copper, are heat-treatable alloys that soften when quenched (cooled quickly), and then harden over time. After quenching a ternary alloy of aluminium, copper, and magnesium, Wilm discovered that the alloy increased in hardness when left to age at room temperature. Although an explanation for the phenomenon was not provided until 1919, duralumin was one of the first "age hardening" alloys to be used, and was soon followed by many others. Because they often exhibit a combination of high strength and low weight, these alloys became widely used in many forms of industry, including the construction of modern aircraft.
Question: Who discovered precipitation hardening alloys?
Answer: Alfred Wilm
Question: When were precipitation hardening alloys discovered?
Answer: 1906
Question: What happens to precipitation hardening alloys after they quenched?
Answer: harden over time
Question: One of the first "age hardening" alloys used were called?
Answer: duralumin
Question: What was used in the construction of modern aircraft?
Answer: duralumin
Question: What is done to make precipitation hardening alloys hardened immediately?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What term refers to cooling over time?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who discovered precipitation hardening alloys in 1919?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What phenomenon was explained in 1906?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was used in the construction of early aircraft's?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Finnish and Baltic invasions began a deterioration of relations between the Soviets and Germany. Stalin's invasions were a severe irritant to Berlin, as the intent to accomplish these was not communicated to the Germans beforehand, and prompted concern that Stalin was seeking to form an anti-German bloc. Molotov's reassurances to the Germans, and the Germans' mistrust, intensified. On June 16, as the Soviets invaded Lithuania, but before they had invaded Latvia and Estonia, Ribbentrop instructed his staff "to submit a report as soon as possible as to whether in the Baltic States a tendency to seek support from the Reich can be observed or whether an attempt was made to form a bloc."
Question: Who wanted to know the moment an anti-german bloc was to form?
Answer: Ribbentrop
Question: Why did the Germans distrust the soviet agenda?
Answer: Stalin's invasions were a severe irritant
Question: What caused distrust between the German and Soviet governments?
Answer: Stalin's invasions were a severe irritant to Berlin
Question: Who wanted to know the moment an pro-german bloc was to form?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who never wanted to know the moment an anti-german bloc was to form?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why didn't the Germans distrust the soviet agenda?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did the Germans trust the soviet agenda?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What brought trust between the German and Soviet governments?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In Austria, the Austrian Constitution of 1920 (based on a draft by Hans Kelsen) introduced judicial review of legislative acts for their constitutionality. This function is performed by the Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof), which is also charged with the review of administrative acts on whether they violate constitutionally guaranteed rights. Other than that, administrative acts are reviewed by the Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof). The Supreme Court (Oberste Gerichtshof (OGH)), stands at the top of Austria's system of "ordinary courts" (ordentliche Gerichte) as the final instance in issues of private law and criminal law.
Question: What document established judicial oversight of legislation in Austria?
Answer: the Austrian Constitution of 1920
Question: What court is charged with the responsibility of deciding the constitutionality of laws in Austria?
Answer: Constitutional Court
Question: What is the German word for this constitutional high court?
Answer: Verfassungsgerichtshof
Question: What is the Constitutional Court's power over the executive branch of Austrian government?
Answer: the review of administrative acts on whether they violate constitutionally guaranteed rights
Question: The Supreme Court of Austria is known by what German name?
Answer: Oberste Gerichtshof (OGH)
Question: What was drafted in 1902?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who wrote the Austrian Constitution?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Austrian term for Administrative Court?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Austrian term for Constitutional Court?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Austrian term for "ordinary courts?"
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The U.S. dollar is fiat money. It is the currency most used in international transactions and is the world's most dominant reserve currency. Several countries use it as their official currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency. Besides the United States, it is also used as the sole currency in two British Overseas Territories in the Caribbean: the British Virgin Islands and the Turks and Caicos islands. A few countries use only the U.S. Dollar for paper money, while the country mints its own coins, or also accepts U.S. coins that can be used as payment in U.S. dollars, such as the Susan B. Anthony dollar.
Question: What kind of money is the U.S. dollar?
Answer: fiat money
Question: Although for some countries the dollar is not their official currency, how do they use the currency?
Answer: de facto currency
Question: Other than the British Virgin Islands, what other area in the Caribbean uses the dollar as it's sole currency?
Answer: Turks and Caicos islands
Question: For countries that use the dollar as their paper currency, what other currency do they make?
Answer: mints its own coins
Question: What is an example of a U.S. coin that can be used as payment in some countries?
Answer: Susan B. Anthony dollar
Question: What kind of money is the Caribbean dollar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Although for some countries the Caribbean dollar is not their official currency, how do they use the currency?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Other than the British Virgin Islands, what other area in the Caribbean uses the Caribbean dollar as its sole currency?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: For countries that use the Caribbean dollar as their paper currency, what other currency do they make?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is an example of a Caribbean coin that can be used as payment in some countries?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many social scientists have replaced the word race with the word "ethnicity" to refer to self-identifying groups based on beliefs concerning shared culture, ancestry and history. Alongside empirical and conceptual problems with "race", following the Second World War, evolutionary and social scientists were acutely aware of how beliefs about race had been used to justify discrimination, apartheid, slavery, and genocide. This questioning gained momentum in the 1960s during the U.S. civil rights movement and the emergence of numerous anti-colonial movements worldwide. They thus came to believe that race itself is a social construct, a concept that was believed to correspond to an objective reality but which was believed in because of its social functions.
Question: What word do many social scientists instead of race?
Answer: ethnicity
Question: What had been used to justify discrimination, apartheid, slavery and genocide in WWII?
Answer: beliefs about race
Question: When did the civil rights movement take place?
Answer: the 1960s
Question: What movement gained momentum worldwide in the 60's?
Answer: anti-colonial
Question: What type of reality do some believe race is a social construct corresponding to?
Answer: objective |
Context: The League of American Bicyclists gave Tucson a gold rating for bicycle friendliness in late April 2007. Tucson hosts the largest perimeter cycling event in the United States. The ride called "El Tour de Tucson" happens in November on the Saturday before Thanksgiving. El Tour de Tucson produced and promoted by Perimeter Bicycling has as many as 10,000 participants from all over the world, annually. Tucson is one of only nine cities in the U.S. to receive a gold rating or higher for cycling friendliness from the League of American Bicyclists. The city is known for its winter cycling opportunities. Both road and mountain biking are popular in and around Tucson with trail areas including Starr Pass and Fantasy Island.
Question: Who said Tucson is bicycle-friendly, in 2007?
Answer: The League of American Bicyclists
Question: When does El Tour de Tucson happen?
Answer: in November on the Saturday before Thanksgiving
Question: Who runs El Tour de Tucson?
Answer: Perimeter Bicycling
Question: How many people participate in El Tour de Tucson?
Answer: as many as 10,000
Question: How many US cities have at least a gold rating for bicycle-friendliness?
Answer: nine |
Context: Grande Saline Bay provides temporary anchorage for small vessels while Colombier Bay, to the northwest, has a 4 fathoms patch near mid entrance. In the bight of St. Jean Bay there is a narrow cut through the reef. The north and east sides of the island are fringed, to a short distance from the shore, by a visible coral reef. Reefs are mostly in shallow waters and are clearly visible. The coastal areas abound with beaches and many of these have offshore reefs, some of which are part of a marine reserve.
Question: What is the name of the deepest bay at St Barts?
Answer: Colombier Bay
Question: Grande Saline Bay provides docking for what kind of boats?
Answer: small
Question: The North and East sides of St. Barts are fringed by what?
Answer: visible coral reef
Question: Reefs are almost always in what type of water?
Answer: shallow
Question: Some of the offshore reefs of St. Barts are part of what?
Answer: a marine reserve
Question: How deep is Grande Saline Bay?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How deep is St. Jean Bay?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How deep do most of the coral reefs lie?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what direction does St. Jean Bay lie from Colombier Bay?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what direction does Grande Saline Bay lie from St. Jean Bay?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the 19th century, southern and central European sport hunters often pursued game only for a trophy, usually the head or pelt of an animal, which was then displayed as a sign of prowess. The rest of the animal was typically discarded. Some cultures, however, disapprove of such waste. In Nordic countries, hunting for trophies was—and still is—frowned upon. Hunting in North America in the 19th century was done primarily as a way to supplement food supplies, although it is now undertaken mainly for sport.[citation needed] The safari method of hunting was a development of sport hunting that saw elaborate travel in Africa, India and other places in pursuit of trophies. In modern times, trophy hunting persists and is a significant industry in some areas.[citation needed]
Question: What did sport hunters in the 19th century purse game for?
Answer: trophy
Question: What was the head of an animal displayed as?
Answer: sign of prowess
Question: What happened to the rest of the animal?
Answer: s typically discarded
Question: What did some churches disapprove of?
Answer: such waste
Question: What countries frowned upon this hunting?
Answer: Nordic
Question: What was the only goal for many European sport hunters in the 19th century?
Answer: a trophy
Question: What types of trophies would hunters keep as trophies to be displayed as a sign of their prowess?
Answer: the head or pelt of an animal
Question: In what countries was the hunting for trophies frowned upon, back in the day and in modern times?
Answer: Nordic
Question: What was hunting in North American in the 19th century used to supplement?
Answer: food supplies
Question: What destinations did sport hunting see elaborate travel to in the pursuit of trophies?
Answer: Africa, India and other places
Question: What century was game hunted as a trophy?
Answer: 19th
Question: What countries is trophy hunting frowned upon?
Answer: Nordic
Question: What did North America primarily hunt for?
Answer: food supplies
Question: What sport of hunting is in Africa?
Answer: safari method
Question: What did hunters in Nordic countries display as a sign of prowess in the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What would Nordic hunters do with the rest of an animal after mounting a trophy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why was hunting usually done in Nordic countries in the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why does hunting take place in Nordic countries today?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what two countries did Nordic people hunt for trophies?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Stress has a significant effect on memory formation and learning. In response to stressful situations, the brain releases hormones and neurotransmitters (ex. glucocorticoids and catecholamines) which affect memory encoding processes in the hippocampus. Behavioural research on animals shows that chronic stress produces adrenal hormones which impact the hippocampal structure in the brains of rats. An experimental study by German cognitive psychologists L. Schwabe and O. Wolf demonstrates how learning under stress also decreases memory recall in humans. In this study, 48 healthy female and male university students participated in either a stress test or a control group. Those randomly assigned to the stress test group had a hand immersed in ice cold water (the reputable SECPT or ‘Socially Evaluated Cold Pressor Test’) for up to three minutes, while being monitored and videotaped. Both the stress and control groups were then presented with 32 words to memorize. Twenty-four hours later, both groups were tested to see how many words they could remember (free recall) as well as how many they could recognize from a larger list of words (recognition performance). The results showed a clear impairment of memory performance in the stress test group, who recalled 30% fewer words than the control group. The researchers suggest that stress experienced during learning distracts people by diverting their attention during the memory encoding process.
Question: What can cause your memory to deterioriate or not work as well?
Answer: Stress
Question: Which hormones are produces when a animal is stressed out?
Answer: adrenal hormones
Question: Who performed a study that involved having peoples hands in cold water while also memorizing words?
Answer: L. Schwabe and O. Wolf
Question: What did L. Schwabes and O. Wolfs study seem to conlcude?
Answer: stress experienced during learning distracts people by diverting their attention during the memory encoding process.
Question: What can cause your memory to deterioriate and work better?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which hormones are produces when a animal is happy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which Austrian cognitive psychologists released an experimental study?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does SECPT not stand for?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Oklahoma City Zoo and Botanical Garden is home to numerous natural habitats, WPA era architecture and landscaping, and hosts major touring concerts during the summer at its amphitheater. Oklahoma City also has two amusement parks, Frontier City theme park and White Water Bay water park. Frontier City is an 'Old West'-themed amusement park. The park also features a recreation of a western gunfight at the 'OK Corral' and many shops that line the "Western" town's main street. Frontier City also hosts a national concert circuit at its amphitheater during the summer. Oklahoma City also has a combination racetrack and casino open year-round, Remington Park, which hosts both Quarter horse (March – June) and Thoroughbred (August – December) seasons.
Question: Which place hosts racetracks and is a casino?
Answer: Remington Park
Question: Which amusement park is western themed?
Answer: Frontier City |
Context: Walter Bradford Cannon agreed that physiological responses played a crucial role in emotions, but did not believe that physiological responses alone could explain subjective emotional experiences. He argued that physiological responses were too slow and often imperceptible and this could not account for the relatively rapid and intense subjective awareness of emotion. He also believed that the richness, variety, and temporal course of emotional experiences could not stem from physiological reactions, that reflected fairly undifferentiated fight or flight responses. An example of this theory in action is as follows: An emotion-evoking event (snake) triggers simultaneously both a physiological response and a conscious experience of an emotion.
Question: Who argued that physiological responses were insufficient to explain emotional experiences?
Answer: Walter Bradford Cannon
Question: Along with the physiological response, what did Cannon believe was triggered by an emotional event?
Answer: a conscious experience of an emotion
Question: Why did Cannon believe that physiological responses were insufficient cause for emotions?
Answer: too slow and often imperceptible
Question: Who argued that physiological responses were sufficient to explain emotional experiences?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with the physiological response, what did Cannon believe wasn't triggered by an emotional event?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did Cannon believe that physiological responses weren't insufficient cause for emotions?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Florida had become a burden to Spain, which could not afford to send settlers or garrisons. Madrid therefore decided to cede the territory to the United States through the Adams-Onís Treaty, which took effect in 1821. President James Monroe was authorized on March 3, 1821 to take possession of East Florida and West Florida for the United States and provide for initial governance. Andrew Jackson served as military governor of the newly acquired territory, but only for a brief period. On March 30, 1822, the United States merged East Florida and part of West Florida into the Florida Territory.
Question: Why did Madrid cede the territory to the US
Answer: Florida had become a burden to Spain, which could not afford to send settlers or garrisons
Question: What was the name of the treaty which ceded florida to the US
Answer: Adams-Onís Treaty, which took effect in 1821
Question: Which president was given control of Florida
Answer: James Monroe was authorized on March 3, 1821 to take possession of East Florida and West Florida for the United States and provide for initial governance
Question: When did East and West Florida Merge
Answer: On March 30, 1822, the United States merged East Florida and part of West Florida into the Florida Territory
Question: What happened on March 2 1821?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which president failed to take possession of Florida?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What president took possession of North and South Florida?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the United States separate East and West Florida?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did north and south florida join?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: According to Forbes' Most Influential Celebrities 2014 list, Spielberg was listed as the most influential celebrity in America. The annual list is conducted by E-Poll Market Research and it gave more than 6,600 celebrities on 46 different personality attributes a score representing "how that person is perceived as influencing the public, their peers, or both." Spielberg received a score of 47, meaning 47% of the US believes he is influential. Gerry Philpott, president of E-Poll Market Research, supported Spielberg's score by stating, "If anyone doubts that Steven Spielberg has greatly influenced the public, think about how many will think for a second before going into the water this summer."
Question: When was Spielberg named the 'most influential celebrity in America'?
Answer: 2014
Question: How much of the US believes Spielberg is influential?
Answer: 47%
Question: Who is Gerry Philpott?
Answer: president of E-Poll Market Research
Question: How did Spielberg influence the public's behavior?
Answer: many will think for a second before going into the water this summer
Question: Who did Forbes' list in 2014 as the most influential celebrity in the world?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year was E-Poll Market Research founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Gerry Philpott become president of E-Poll Market Research?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Forbes' publish their first Most Influential Celebrities list?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: It is speculated by some archaeologists that Sumerian speakers were farmers who moved down from the north, after perfecting irrigation agriculture there. The Ubaid pottery of southern Mesopotamia has been connected via Choga Mami transitional ware to the pottery of the Samarra period culture (c. 5700 – 4900 BC C-14) in the north, who were the first to practice a primitive form of irrigation agriculture along the middle Tigris River and its tributaries. The connection is most clearly seen at Tell Awayli (Oueilli, Oueili) near Larsa, excavated by the French in the 1980s, where eight levels yielded pre-Ubaid pottery resembling Samarran ware. According to this theory, farming peoples spread down into southern Mesopotamia because they had developed a temple-centered social organization for mobilizing labor and technology for water control, enabling them to survive and prosper in a difficult environment.[citation needed]
Question: Where do some archaeologists speculate Sumerians originally moved from?
Answer: the north
Question: What had the Sumerians perfected before coming south?
Answer: irrigation agriculture
Question: Who were the first to practice a primitive form of irrigation agriculture?
Answer: the Samarra
Question: How many levels of pre-Ubaid pottery were excavated by the French in the 1980s?
Answer: eight
Question: What did the temple-centered social organization of the farming peoples allow them to mobilize?
Answer: labor
Question: Who perfected irrigation in the south of Mesopotamia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who moved from south Mesopotamia to the north?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cultural period began in the 57th century BC?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of agriculture was developed along the Euphrates river?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Colour broadcasts started at similarly higher resolutions, first with the US NTSC color system in 1953, which was compatible with the earlier monochrome systems and therefore had the same 525 lines of resolution. European standards did not follow until the 1960s, when the PAL and SECAM color systems were added to the monochrome 625 line broadcasts.
Question: What year did color broadcasts start in the US?
Answer: 1953,
Question: How many lines of resolution did the US NTSC color system have in 1953?
Answer: 525
Question: When did Europe begin color broadcasts?
Answer: 1960s
Question: The PAL and SECAM were color systems where?
Answer: Europe
Question: How many lines of resolution were the European monochrome broadcasts?
Answer: 625
Question: What year did black and white broadcasts start in the US?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many lines of resolution did the UK NTSC color system have in 1953?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Asia begin color broadcasts?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The PAL and SECAM were black and white systems where?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many lines of resolution were the European color broadcasts?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context:
The method of self-exertion or "self-power"—without reliance on an external force or being—stands in contrast to another major form of Buddhism, Pure Land, which is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha. Pure Land Buddhism is a very widespread and perhaps the most faith-orientated manifestation of Buddhism and centres upon the conviction that faith in Amitabha Buddha and the chanting of homage to his name liberates one at death into the Blissful (安樂), Pure Land (淨土) of Amitabha Buddha. This Buddhic realm is variously construed as a foretaste of Nirvana, or as essentially Nirvana itself. The great vow of Amitabha Buddha to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering is viewed within Pure Land Buddhism as universally efficacious, if only one has faith in the power of that vow or chants his name.
Question: What is characterized by the deep truts in the "other-power" of Amitabha Buddha
Answer: Pure Land
Question: What is perhaps the most faith-oriented for of Buddhism?
Answer: Pure Land
Question: What Buddha vowed to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering?
Answer: Amitabha |
Context: The concept of matter has changed in response to new scientific discoveries. Thus materialism has no definite content independent of the particular theory of matter on which it is based. According to Noam Chomsky, any property can be considered material, if one defines matter such that it has that property.
Question: The concept of matter has not changed for what reason?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who believes that property can be considered non-material?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who believes that property can be considered material if one defines it does not have property?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has definite content independent of the particular theory of matter?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: A new delimitation of the federal territory keeps being debated in Germany, though "Some scholars note that there are significant differences among the American states and regional governments in other federations without serious calls for territorial changes ...", as political scientist Arthur B. Gunlicks remarks. He summarizes the main arguments for boundary reform in Germany: "... the German system of dual federalism requires strong Länder that have the administrative and fiscal capacity to implement legislation and pay for it from own source revenues. Too many Länder also make coordination among them and with the federation more complicated ...". But several proposals have failed so far; territorial reform remains a controversial topic in German politics and public perception.
Question: What keeps being debated in Germany?
Answer: delimitation of the federal territory
Question: What does Gunlick remark that the German System of dual federalism requires strong Länder to have other than the capacity to implement legislation?
Answer: pay for it from own source revenues
Question: How many proposals have failed so far?
Answer: several
Question: What keeps being debated in America?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happens if there are too many regional governments?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has failed so far in America?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is the topic of coordination seen according to the public in America?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the system of regional government need in America?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a settled question in Germany?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why are there calls for territorial changes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Arthur B. Gunlicks not in favor of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one argument for increasing the number of Lander?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What changes have been successfully implemented in Germany?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete applications include vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps. Some aircraft instruments (Attitude Indicator (AI) and the Heading Indicator (HI)) are typically vacuum-powered, as protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments, since early aircraft often did not have electrical systems, and since there are two readily available sources of vacuum on a moving aircraft—the engine and an external venturi. Vacuum induction melting uses electromagnetic induction within a vacuum.
Question: What provides power assistance for auto brakes?
Answer: vacuum servo
Question: What are two available sources of vacuum on a moving airplane?
Answer: engine and an external venturi
Question: Why are the Attitude indicator and heading indicator vacuum-powered?
Answer: protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments,
Question: What does a manifold vacuum do on a car?
Answer: drive accessories
Question: What no longer used accessories were powered by vacuum?
Answer: vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps
Question: What do electrical systems use within a vacuum?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can electrical systems be used to drive on automobiles?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are electrical systems used to provide power assistance for on a car?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two instruments do electrical systems usually power on some aircraft?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why are the AI and the HI usually powered by autovac fuel pumps?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the sixth edition Darwin inserted a new chapter VII (renumbering the subsequent chapters) to respond to criticisms of earlier editions, including the objection that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection. He said some such features could have been by-products of adaptive changes to other features, and that often features seemed non-adaptive because their function was unknown, as shown by his book on Fertilisation of Orchids that explained how their elaborate structures facilitated pollination by insects. Much of the chapter responds to George Jackson Mivart's criticisms, including his claim that features such as baleen filters in whales, flatfish with both eyes on one side and the camouflage of stick insects could not have evolved through natural selection because intermediate stages would not have been adaptive. Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.
Question: Why did Darwin introduce a new chapter in On the Origin of Species in the sixth edition?
Answer: to respond to criticisms of earlier editions
Question: What was one of the objections that Darwin addressed in his new chapter in On the Origin of Species?
Answer: that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection
Question: Which of Darwin's books featured a plant whose elaborate structure aided with fertilization by insects?
Answer: Fertilisation of Orchids
Question: Which scientist was addressed the most often in the new chapter of On the Origin of Species?
Answer: George Jackson Mivart
Question: What was Darwin's response to the claims that certain animals could not have evolved through natural selection?
Answer: Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature. |
Context: Many of the area's prominent museums are located in the historic cultural center neighborhood around Wayne State University and the College for Creative Studies. These museums include the Detroit Institute of Arts, the Detroit Historical Museum, Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History, the Detroit Science Center, as well as the main branch of the Detroit Public Library. Other cultural highlights include Motown Historical Museum, the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant museum (birthplace of the Ford Model T and the world's oldest car factory building open to the public), the Pewabic Pottery studio and school, the Tuskegee Airmen Museum, Fort Wayne, the Dossin Great Lakes Museum, the Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit (MOCAD), the Contemporary Art Institute of Detroit (CAID), and the Belle Isle Conservatory.
Question: What is the name of the art museum in Detroit?
Answer: Detroit Institute of Arts
Question: What is the name of the Detroit museum of African American history?
Answer: Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History
Question: Where was the birthplace of the Model T?
Answer: Ford Piquette Avenue Plant
Question: What does MOCAD stand for?
Answer: Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit
Question: What does CAID stand for?
Answer: Contemporary Art Institute of Detroit |
Context: Database transactions can be used to introduce some level of fault tolerance and data integrity after recovery from a crash. A database transaction is a unit of work, typically encapsulating a number of operations over a database (e.g., reading a database object, writing, acquiring lock, etc.), an abstraction supported in database and also other systems. Each transaction has well defined boundaries in terms of which program/code executions are included in that transaction (determined by the transaction's programmer via special transaction commands).
Question: What is a unit of work called in a database?
Answer: transaction
Question: How can database transactions ensure accuracy after a crash?
Answer: fault tolerance
Question: Are transactions limited?
Answer: Each transaction has well defined boundaries
Question: What is a unit of play called in a database?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How can database transactions lower accuracy after a crash?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has poorly defined boundaries in a database?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has no ability to recover from a crash?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What always encapsulates only one transaction?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Philadelphia's central city was created in the 17th century following the plan by William Penn's surveyor Thomas Holme. Center City is structured with long straight streets running east-west and north-south forming a grid pattern. The original city plan was designed to allow for easy travel and to keep residences separated by open space that would help prevent the spread of fire. The Delaware River and Schuylkill Rivers served as early boundaries between which the city's early street plan was kept within. In addition, Penn planned the creation of five public parks in the city which were renamed in 1824 (in parenthesis): Centre Square, North East Publick Square (Franklin Square), Northwest Square (Logan Square), Southwest Square (Rittenhouse Square), and Southeast Square (Washington Square). Center City has grown into the second-most populated downtown area in the United States, after Midtown Manhattan in New York City, with an estimated 183,240 residents in 2015.
Question: Who planned the central city?
Answer: Thomas Holme
Question: Which rivers run through the city?
Answer: The Delaware River and Schuylkill Rivers
Question: How many public parks did Penn plan?
Answer: five
Question: How many live in the central area today?
Answer: 183,240 |
Context: The league held its first season in 1992–93 and was originally composed of 22 clubs. The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United. The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon. Luton Town, Notts County and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old first division at the end of the 1991–92 season, and did not take part in the inaugural Premier League season.
Question: When did the Premier League hold its first season?
Answer: The league held its first season in 1992–93
Question: Originally, how many clubs did the Premier League have?
Answer: was originally composed of 22 clubs.
Question: Who scored the first ever goal for the Premier League
Answer: The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United.
Question: Which blubs were relegated from the old first division at the end of the 1991-1992 season and didn't take part in the first Premier League season?
Answer: Luton Town, Notts County and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old first division
Question: In which years were the first season?
Answer: 1992–93
Question: How many clubs originally made up the league?
Answer: 22
Question: Who scored the first goal in the Premier League?
Answer: Brian Deane
Question: For which team was the first goal scored?
Answer: Sheffield United
Question: Against which team was the first goal scored?
Answer: Manchester United
Question: During the leagues first season in 1991 how many clubs was it made up of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In which year was the league made up of 21 clubs and had its first season?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what years was the Leagues second season held?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is known for scoring the last ever goal int he Premier League?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Brian Deane of Crystal Palace known for?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Melbourne rates highly in education, entertainment, health care, research and development, tourism and sport, making it the world's most liveable city—for the fifth year in a row in 2015, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit. It is a leading financial centre in the Asia-Pacific region, and ranks among the top 30 cities in the world in the Global Financial Centres Index. Referred to as Australia's "cultural capital", it is the birthplace of Australian impressionism, Australian rules football, the Australian film and television industries, and Australian contemporary dance such as the Melbourne Shuffle. It is recognised as a UNESCO City of Literature and a major centre for street art, music and theatre. It is home to many of Australia's largest and oldest cultural institutions such as the Melbourne Cricket Ground, the National Gallery of Victoria, the State Library of Victoria and the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Royal Exhibition Building.
Question: Melbourne is the world's most liveable city according to whom?
Answer: Economist Intelligence Unit
Question: For how many years has Melbourne been considered the world's most liveable city?
Answer: fifth year in a row
Question: Which city is referred to as Australia's cultural capital?
Answer: Melbourne
Question: What is one example of Australian contemporary dance?
Answer: Melbourne Shuffle |
Context: On 14 September 2009, U.S. Special Forces killed two men and wounded and captured two others near the Somali village of Baarawe. Witnesses claim that helicopters used for the operation launched from French-flagged warships, but that could not be confirmed. A Somali-based al-Qaida affiliated group, the Al-Shabaab, has confirmed the death of "sheik commander" Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan along with an unspecified number of militants. Nabhan, a Kenyan, was wanted in connection with the 2002 Mombasa attacks.
Question: How many people were killed by US Special Forces on Sep 14, 2009?
Answer: two
Question: Where was the Sep 14, 2009 action?
Answer: near the Somali village of Baarawe
Question: What country's ships did some witnesses say were involved in the Baarawe attack?
Answer: French
Question: What Somali group is affiliated with al-Qaeda?
Answer: Al-Shabaab
Question: What nationality was Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan?
Answer: Kenyan
Question: What did U.S. Special Forces do on 14 September 2002?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the title for Saleh Nabhan Saleh Ali?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was wanted in connection with the 2002 Kenyan attacks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Witnesses from what village claim they saw French-flagged warships?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many US Special Forces were killed on 14 September 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many were captured in the 2002 Mombasa attacks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of the village attacked in Mombasa?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What nationality were the warships confirmed as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of the Kenyan al-Qaeda group?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Appalachian Mountains contain major deposits of anthracite coal as well as bituminous coal. In the folded mountains the coal is in metamorphosed form as anthracite, represented by the Coal Region of northeastern Pennsylvania. The bituminous coal fields of western Pennsylvania, western Maryland, southeastern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, southwestern Virginia, and West Virginia contain the sedimentary form of coal. The mountain top removal method of coal mining, in which entire mountain tops are removed, is currently threatening vast areas and ecosystems of the Appalachian Mountain region.
Question: What is another name for anthracite coal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What helps to preserve ecosystems in the Appalachians?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kinds of fields are in southwestern Kentucky?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which part of Ohio has the metamorphosed form of coal?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: British television personality Anna Richardson settled a libel lawsuit in August 2006 against Schwarzenegger, his top aide, Sean Walsh, and his publicist, Sheryl Main. A joint statement read: "The parties are content to put this matter behind them and are pleased that this legal dispute has now been settled." Richardson claimed they tried to tarnish her reputation by dismissing her allegations that Schwarzenegger touched her breast during a press event for The 6th Day in London. She claimed Walsh and Main libeled her in a Los Angeles Times article when they contended she encouraged his behavior.
Question: Who sued Schwarzenegger and two of his employees for libel, settling in 2006?
Answer: Anna Richardson
Question: What movie was Schwarzenegger promoting when the alleged incident took place?
Answer: The 6th Day
Question: What paper did Richardson claim was used by Schwarzenegger's publicist and aide to discredit her?
Answer: Los Angeles Times |
Context: Hyderabad was historically known as a pearl and diamond trading centre, and it continues to be known as the City of Pearls. Many of the city's traditional bazaars, including Laad Bazaar, Begum Bazaar and Sultan Bazaar, have remained open for centuries. However, industrialisation throughout the 20th century attracted major Indian manufacturing, research and financial institutions, including Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, the National Geophysical Research Institute and the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology. Special economic zones dedicated to information technology have encouraged companies from across India and around the world to set up operations and the emergence of pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries in the 1990s led to the area's naming as India's "Genome Valley". With an output of US$74 billion, Hyderabad is the fifth-largest contributor to India's overall gross domestic product.
Question: What items had been historically traded in Hyderabad?
Answer: pearl and diamond
Question: What is a nickname for Hyderabad?
Answer: City of Pearls
Question: What are three historic bazaars in Hyderabad?
Answer: Laad Bazaar, Begum Bazaar and Sultan Bazaar
Question: What is the economic output of Hyderabad?
Answer: US$74 billion
Question: What is the rank of Hyderabad among cities contributing to India's GDP?
Answer: fifth-largest |
Context: Camillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when the issue of uniting Italy would become an important matter. The deployment of Italian troops to the Crimea, and the gallantry shown by them in the Battle of the Chernaya (16 August 1855) and in the siege of Sevastopol, allowed the Kingdom of Sardinia to be among the participants at the peace conference at the end of the war, where it could address the issue of the Risorgimento to other European powers.
Question: Who gave Camillo di Cavour the orders to send soldiers to aid the French and British forces?
Answer: Victor Emmanuel II
Question: Camillo di Cavour sent how many troops to aid the French and British forces?
Answer: 15,000
Question: Who commanded the soldiers sent by Camillo di Cavour?
Answer: General Alfonso La Marmora
Question: The Battle of the Chernaya took place in what year?
Answer: 1855
Question: Where was Victor Emmanuel II from?
Answer: Piedmont-Sardinia |
Context: Israeli music contains musical influences from all over the world; Sephardic music, Hasidic melodies, Belly dancing music, Greek music, jazz, and pop rock are all part of the music scene. Among Israel's world-renowned orchestras is the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, which has been in operation for over seventy years and today performs more than two hundred concerts each year. Israel has also produced many musicians of note, some achieving international stardom. Itzhak Perlman, Pinchas Zukerman and Ofra Haza are among the internationally acclaimed musicians born in Israel.[citation needed] Israel has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest nearly every year since 1973, winning the competition three times and hosting it twice. Eilat has hosted its own international music festival, the Red Sea Jazz Festival, every summer since 1987.
Question: What Israeli orchestra has been in operation for more than seventy years?
Answer: Israel Philharmonic Orchestra
Question: What three internationally acclaimed musicians were born in Israel?
Answer: Itzhak Perlman, Pinchas Zukerman and Ofra Haza
Question: Who hosts its own international music festival every summer?
Answer: Eilat |
Context: Wilhelm Erb's (1874) "intensive" theory, that a pain signal can be generated by intense enough stimulation of any sensory receptor, has been soundly disproved. Some sensory fibers do not differentiate between noxious and non-noxious stimuli, while others, nociceptors, respond only to noxious, high intensity stimuli. At the peripheral end of the nociceptor, noxious stimuli generate currents that, above a given threshold, begin to send signals along the nerve fiber to the spinal cord. The "specificity" (whether it responds to thermal, chemical or mechanical features of its environment) of a nociceptor is determined by which ion channels it expresses at its peripheral end. Dozens of different types of nociceptor ion channels have so far been identified, and their exact functions are still being determined.
Question: What type of signal can be generated by intense enough stimulation of any sensory receptor?
Answer: pain
Question: What types of stimuli can't some sensory fibers differentiate between?
Answer: noxious and non-noxious
Question: What type of stimuli do nociceptors response to?
Answer: noxious, high intensity
Question: What does stimuli generate to send signals along a nerve fiber?
Answer: currents
Question: How many different types of ion channels have so far been identified?
Answer: Dozens
Question: Who came up with the intensive theory in 1784?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Wilhelm Erb come up with in 1784?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Erb Wilhelm's intensive theory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened to Erb Wilhelm's theory?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many different types of nociceptor chemical channels have been identified?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Subsets and Splits
No saved queries yet
Save your SQL queries to embed, download, and access them later. Queries will appear here once saved.