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Context: 40°48′47″N 73°57′27″W / 40.813°N 73.9575°W / 40.813; -73.9575 La Salle Street is a street in West Harlem that runs just two blocks between Amsterdam Avenue and Claremont Avenue. West of Convent Avenue, 125th Street was re-routed onto the old Manhattan Avenue. The original 125th Street west of Convent Avenue was swallowed up to make the super-blocks where the low income housing projects now exist. La Salle Street is the only vestige of the original routing.
Question: Which street in West Harlem runs just two blocks between Amersterdam Avenue and Claremont Avenue?
Answer: La Salle Street
Question: La Salle Street runs between Amsterdam Avenue and which other Avenue?
Answer: Claremont
Question: In which neighborhood does La Salle Street run?
Answer: West Harlem
Question: Which street was swallowed up to make low income housing projects?
Answer: 125th Street
Question: Which street is the only area left of the routing onto old Manhattan Avenue?
Answer: La Salle Street |
Context: Paraplegia, the loss of sensation and voluntary motor control after serious spinal cord damage, may be accompanied by girdle pain at the level of the spinal cord damage, visceral pain evoked by a filling bladder or bowel, or, in five to ten per cent of paraplegics, phantom body pain in areas of complete sensory loss. This phantom body pain is initially described as burning or tingling but may evolve into severe crushing or pinching pain, or the sensation of fire running down the legs or of a knife twisting in the flesh. Onset may be immediate or may not occur until years after the disabling injury. Surgical treatment rarely provides lasting relief.
Question: What is paraplegia?
Answer: loss of sensation and voluntary motor control
Question: What can cause paraplegia?
Answer: serious spinal cord damage,
Question: What is the initial phantom body pain sensation experienced by people with spinal cord damage?
Answer: burning or tingling
Question: The sensation of a knife twisting in the flesh is an example of what type of pain?
Answer: phantom body
Question: What is an inefficient treatment for chronic pain which rarely provides any sort of true relief?
Answer: Surgical
Question: What is the loss of voluntary sensation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is phantom spinal pain initially described?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What treatment provides lasting relief?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Melbourne is notable as the host city for the 1956 Summer Olympic Games (the first Olympic Games held in the southern hemisphere and Oceania, with all previous games held in Europe and the United States), along with the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Melbourne is so far the southernmost city to host the games. The city is home to three major annual international sporting events: the Australian Open (one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments); the Melbourne Cup (horse racing); and the Australian Grand Prix (Formula One). Also, the Australian Masters golf tournament is held at Melbourne since 1979, having been co-sanctioned by the European Tour from 2006 to 2009. Melbourne was proclaimed the "World's Ultimate Sports City", in 2006, 2008 and 2010. The city is home to the National Sports Museum, which until 2003 was located outside the members pavilion at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. It reopened in 2008 in the Olympic Stand.
Question: In what year was Melbourne the host city for the first Olympic Games held in the southern hemisphere?
Answer: 1956
Question: Previous to Melbourne, where were all Olympic games held?
Answer: Europe and the United States
Question: In what three years was Melbourne proclaimed the "World's Ultimate Sports City"?
Answer: 2006, 2008 and 2010
Question: Where did the National Sports Museum reopen in 2008?
Answer: Olympic Stand
Question: Which city is so far the southernmost city to host the Olympic Games?
Answer: Melbourne |
Context: In Puerto Rico, various department stores have operated, such as Sears, JC Penney, Macy's, Kmart, Wal-Mart, Marshalls, Burlington Coat Factory, T.J. Maxx, Costco, Sam's Club and others. La New York was a Puerto Rican department store. Topeka, Capri and Pitusa are competitors on the Puerto Rican market that also have hypermarkets operating under their names. Retailers Nordstrom and Saks Fifth Avenue also have plans to come to the Mall of San Juan, a new high-end retail project with over 100 tenants. The mall is set to open in March 2015.
Question: What department store in Puerto Rico is named after an American city?
Answer: La New York
Question: When is the Mall of San Juan expected to open?
Answer: March 2015
Question: How many tenants are expected to set up shop in the Mall of San Juan?
Answer: 100 tenants
Question: What two major retailers have plans to do business in the mall once it opens?
Answer: Nordstrom and Saks Fifth Avenue
Question: What department store in Puerto Rico isn't named after an American city?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When is the Mall of San Juan expected to close?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When isn't the Mall of San Juan expected to open?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many tenants aren't expected to set up shop in the Mall of San Juan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two minor retailers have plans to do business in the mall once it opens?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Since birds are highly visible and common animals, humans have had a relationship with them since the dawn of man. Sometimes, these relationships are mutualistic, like the cooperative honey-gathering among honeyguides and African peoples such as the Borana. Other times, they may be commensal, as when species such as the house sparrow have benefited from human activities. Several bird species have become commercially significant agricultural pests, and some pose an aviation hazard. Human activities can also be detrimental, and have threatened numerous bird species with extinction (hunting, avian lead poisoning, pesticides, roadkill, and predation by pet cats and dogs are common sources of death for birds).
Question: Why have humans had a relationship with birds since the dawn of man?
Answer: Since birds are highly visible and common animals
Question: What is it called when the house sparrow has benefited from human activity?
Answer: commensal
Question: What have threatened numerous bird species with extinction?
Answer: Human activities |
Context: In terms of the newline, Unicode introduced U+2028 LINE SEPARATOR and U+2029 PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR. This was an attempt to provide a Unicode solution to encoding paragraphs and lines semantically, potentially replacing all of the various platform solutions. In doing so, Unicode does provide a way around the historical platform dependent solutions. Nonetheless, few if any Unicode solutions have adopted these Unicode line and paragraph separators as the sole canonical line ending characters. However, a common approach to solving this issue is through newline normalization. This is achieved with the Cocoa text system in Mac OS X and also with W3C XML and HTML recommendations. In this approach every possible newline character is converted internally to a common newline (which one does not really matter since it is an internal operation just for rendering). In other words, the text system can correctly treat the character as a newline, regardless of the input's actual encoding.
Question: What is the code for separating lines?
Answer: U+2028
Question: What is the code for separating paragraphs?
Answer: U+2029
Question: How is newline normalization accomplished in Mac OS X?
Answer: Cocoa text system
Question: How does the newliine normallization format work?
Answer: every possible newline character is converted internally to a common newline
Question: What widely adopted solution did Unicode provide?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What uses HTML recommendations?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why does it matter which newline character is chosen?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the Cocoa text system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are common newlines converted into?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Times of personal significance have included the births and marriages of her children, grandchildren and great grandchildren, her coronation in 1953, and the celebration of milestones such as her Silver, Golden and Diamond Jubilees in 1977, 2002, and 2012, respectively. Moments of sadness for her include the death of her father, aged 56; the assassination of Prince Philip's uncle, Lord Mountbatten; the breakdown of her children's marriages in 1992 (her annus horribilis); the death in 1997 of her son's former wife, Diana, Princess of Wales; and the deaths of her mother and sister in 2002. Elizabeth has occasionally faced republican sentiments and severe press criticism of the royal family, but support for the monarchy and her personal popularity remain high.
Question: When was Elizabeth's coronation?
Answer: 1953
Question: When was Elizabeth's Diamond Jubilee?
Answer: 2012
Question: How old was Elizabeth's father at the time of his death?
Answer: 56
Question: How did Prince Philip's uncle, Lord Mounbatten, die?
Answer: assassination
Question: In what year did Elizabeth's son's ex-wife die?
Answer: 1997
Question: In what year was Lord Mountbatten assassinated?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How old was Elizabeth when her mother died?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How did Elizabeth's father die?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Diana, Princess of Wales, marry Elizabeth's son?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How old was Lord Mountbatten when he was assassinated?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Additionally, Somalia has several private television networks, including Horn Cable Television and Universal TV. Two such TV stations re-broadcast Al-Jazeera and CNN. Eastern Television Network and SBC TV air from Bosaso, the commercial capital of Puntland. The Puntland and Somaliland regions also each have one government-run TV channel, Puntland TV and Radio and Somaliland National TV, respectively.
Question: Horn Cable Television and Universal TV are examples of what?
Answer: private television networks
Question: What type of Tv startions replay AL=jazeera and CNN?
Answer: private television networks
Question: Where does SBC TV broadcast from?
Answer: Bosaso
Question: What is the commercial capital of Puntland?
Answer: Bosaso
Question: Howmany governemnt run channels do Puntland and Somaliland regions have?
Answer: one
Question: How many private television networks does Somalia have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are two public television networks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the commercial capital of Somalilnand?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many government-run TV channels are there in Somalia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What TV station broadcasts ABC?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Due to recording mastering and manufacturing limitations, both high and low frequencies were removed from the first recorded signals by various formulae. With low frequencies, the stylus must swing a long way from side to side, requiring the groove to be wide, taking up more space and limiting the playing time of the record. At high frequencies, hiss, pops, and ticks are significant. These problems can be reduced by using equalization to an agreed standard. During recording the amplitude of low frequencies is reduced, thus reducing the groove width required, and the amplitude at high frequencies is increased. The playback equipment boosts bass and cuts treble so as to restore the tonal balance in the original signal; this also reduces the high frequency noise. Thus more music will fit on the record, and noise is reduced.
Question: What is a limitation of low frequency recordings?
Answer: limiting the playing time
Question: What kinds of unwanted sounds are often heard at high frequencies?
Answer: hiss, pops, and ticks
Question: What is done during recordings to help reduce unwanted sounds?
Answer: amplitude of low frequencies is reduced
Question: What is a benefit of using equalization devices?
Answer: problems can be reduced
Question: What is done to high frequency sounds to lessen sound issues?
Answer: amplitude at high frequencies is increased |
Context: In the absence of atmospheric oxygen (O
2), in deep geological conditions prevailing far away from Earth atmosphere, hydrogen (H
2) is produced during the process of serpentinization by the anaerobic oxidation by the water protons (H+) of the ferrous (Fe2+) silicate present in the crystal lattice of the fayalite (Fe
2SiO
4, the olivine iron-endmember). The corresponding reaction leading to the formation of magnetite (Fe
3O
4), quartz (SiO
2) and hydrogen (H
2) is the following:
Question: How is hydrogen produced when there is no atmospheric oxygen?
Answer: serpentinization by the anaerobic oxidation
Question: Where do you find silicate?
Answer: crystal lattice of the fayalite |
Context: The 100th meridian roughly corresponds with the line that divides the Great Plains into an area that receive 20 inches (510 millimetres) or more of rainfall per year and an area that receives less than 20 in (510 mm). In this context, the High Plains, as well as Southern Alberta, south-western Saskatchewan and Eastern Montana are mainly semi hot steppe land and are generally characterised by rangeland or marginal farmland. The region (especially the High Plains) is periodically subjected to extended periods of drought; high winds in the region may then generate devastating dust storms. The eastern Great Plains near the eastern boundary falls in the humid subtropical climate zone in the southern areas, and the northern and central areas fall in the humid continental climate.
Question: what is the name of the line that divides the great plains?
Answer: The 100th meridian
Question: about how much rainfall does the great plains get per year?
Answer: 20 inches
Question: what do high winds in the area sometimes cause?
Answer: dust storms
Question: what type of climate does the eastern great plains fall into?
Answer: humid subtropical climate
Question: What Canadian province lies north of the Great Plains?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What would be a state that lies east of the Great Plains?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What meridian comprises the northern edge of the Great Plains?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What meridian comprises the southern edge of the Great Plains?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much rain does Northern Alberta get every year?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The United States under President Ronald Reagan increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressure on the Soviet Union, which was already suffering from severe economic stagnation. In the second half of the 1980s, newly appointed Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev introduced the perestroika and glasnost reforms. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, leaving the United States as the dominant military power, though Russia retained much of the massive Soviet nuclear arsenal.
Question: During what time was the cold war close to happening?
Answer: 1980s and the early 1990s
Question: What did the Reagan administration increase on the Soviet Union?
Answer: diplomatic, military, and economic pressure
Question: What was the Soviet Union suffering from in the 1980's?
Answer: severe economic stagnation
Question: What did Mikhail Gorbachev introduce?
Answer: introduced the perestroika and glasnost reforms.
Question: In what year did the Soviet Union collapse?
Answer: 1991 |
Context: In March 1949, as RCA released the 45, Columbia released several hundred 7 inch 33 1/3 rpm small spindle hole singles. This format was soon dropped as it became clear that the RCA 45 was the single of choice and the Columbia 12 inch LP would be the 'album' of choice. The first release of the 45 came in seven colors: black 47-xxxx popular series, yellow 47-xxxx juvenile series, green (teal) 48-xxxx country series, deep red 49-xxxx classical series, bright red (cerise) 50-xxxx blues/spiritual series, light blue 51-xxxx international series, dark blue 52-xxxx light classics. All colors were soon dropped in favor of black because of production problems. However, yellow and deep red were continued until about 1952. The first 45 rpm record created for sale was "PeeWee the Piccolo" RCA 47-0147 pressed in yellow translucent vinyl at the Sherman Avenue plant, Indianapolis Dec. 7, 1948, R.O. Price, plant manager.
Question: Which colors of 45 were available as late as 1952 before being discontinued?
Answer: yellow and deep red
Question: PeeWee the Piccolo was what?
Answer: The first 45 rpm record created for sale
Question: What significance does Dec 7/ 1948 hold?
Answer: The first 45 rpm record created for sale
Question: How many colors were 45s available in when first released?
Answer: seven colors
Question: When did RCA release the 45?
Answer: March 1949 |
Context: Epigenetic changes in eukaryotic biology serve to regulate the process of cellular differentiation. During morphogenesis, totipotent stem cells become the various pluripotent cell lines of the embryo, which in turn become fully differentiated cells. A single fertilized egg cell, the zygote, gives rise to the many different plant cell types including parenchyma, xylem vessel elements, phloem sieve tubes, guard cells of the epidermis, etc. as it continues to divide. The process results from the epigenetic activation of some genes and inhibition of others.
Question: What process causes changes in plant cells?
Answer: Epigenetic changes
Question: What is the original cell of the plant?
Answer: the zygote
Question: How are the different cells formed?
Answer: continues to divide
Question: How is it determined, which cells will be formed?
Answer: activation of some genes and inhibition of others |
Context: After wrapping up in England, production travelled to Morocco in June, with filming taking place in Oujda, Tangier and Erfoud, after preliminary work was completed by the production's second unit. An explosion filmed in Morocco holds a Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion" in cinematic history, with the record credited to production designer Chris Corbould. Principal photography concluded on 5 July 2015. A wrap-up party for Spectre was held in commemoration before entering post-production. Filming took 128 days.
Question: Which three locations in Morocco were used in filming?
Answer: Oujda, Tangier and Erfoud
Question: What Guinness record was set during the filming of Spectre?
Answer: Largest film stunt explosion
Question: Who was the Guinness record attributed to?
Answer: Chris Corbould
Question: How long did it take to shoot Spectre?
Answer: 128 days
Question: Where did production go to after leaving London?
Answer: Morocco
Question: What Guinness World Record does the film hold?
Answer: Largest film stunt explosion
Question: How many day did filming take
Answer: 128 days.
Question: The Guinness World record was credited to which production designer?
Answer: Chris Corbould
Question: An explosion filmed in Mexico holds the Guinness World Record for what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The record was credited to which screenwriter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was held in post-production before entering commemoration?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What took 182 days?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: An explosion filmed in what city holds the Guinness World Record for "Smallest film stunt explosion"?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Mexico was the site for which Guinness World Record?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Screenwriter Chris Corbould was credited with what Guinness World Record?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Principal photography began on what date?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Zinc deficiency is crop plants' most common micronutrient deficiency; it is particularly common in high-pH soils. Zinc-deficient soil is cultivated in the cropland of about half of Turkey and India, a third of China, and most of Western Australia, and substantial responses to zinc fertilization have been reported in these areas. Plants that grow in soils that are zinc-deficient are more susceptible to disease. Zinc is primarily added to the soil through the weathering of rocks, but humans have added zinc through fossil fuel combustion, mine waste, phosphate fertilizers, pesticide (zinc phosphide), limestone, manure, sewage sludge, and particles from galvanized surfaces. Excess zinc is toxic to plants, although zinc toxicity is far less widespread.
Question: In what type of soil is zinc deficiency most common?
Answer: high-pH soils
Question: Growing plants in zinc deficient soil makes them more susceptible to what?
Answer: disease.
Question: Excess zinc has what effect on plants?
Answer: toxic
Question: How is zinc primarily added to soil?
Answer: weathering of rocks
Question: What is the only type of soil with zinc deficiency?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does any level of zinc cause to plants?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is zinc primarily removed from soil?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are plants immune to when in zinc deficient soil?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The rapid development of religions in Zhejiang has driven the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them in 2014, variously named "Three Rectifications and One Demolition" operations or "Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities" according to the locality. These regulations have led to cases of demolition of churches and folk religion temples, or the removal of crosses from churches' roofs and spires. An exemplary case was that of the Sanjiang Church.
Question: When did the rapid development of religions in Zhejiang drive the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them?
Answer: 2014
Question: According to the locality, in addition to "Three Rectifications and One Demolition", what was another name for these measures?
Answer: Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities
Question: These regulations have led to the demolition of churches and what else?
Answer: folk religion temples
Question: What have these regulations led to the removal of from churches?
Answer: crosses
Question: What was an exemplary case of all this?
Answer: Sanjiang Church
Question: When did the slow development of religions in Zhejiang drive the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: According to the locality, in addition to "Five Rectifications and Two Demolition", what was another name for these measures?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: These regulations have not led to the demolition of churches and what else?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What have these regulations led to the addition to in churches?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was not an exemplary case of all this?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Economic conditions have started to improve considerably, after a period of stagnation, due to the adoption of more liberal economic policies by the government as well as increased revenues from tourism and a booming stock market. In its annual report, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has rated Egypt as one of the top countries in the world undertaking economic reforms. Some major economic reforms undertaken by the government since 2003 include a dramatic slashing of customs and tariffs. A new taxation law implemented in 2005 decreased corporate taxes from 40% to the current 20%, resulting in a stated 100% increase in tax revenue by the year 2006.
Question: What has been the trend lately in the Egypt economy?
Answer: improve considerably
Question: What area of business have boomed lately in Egypt?
Answer: stock market
Question: What was change made to corporate taxes in 2005?
Answer: decreased corporate taxes from 40% to the current 20%
Question: What ws the overall impact to tax revenue from change of corporate tax rate?
Answer: 100% increase in tax revenue by the year 2006 |
Context: The exact causes for the development of a particular sexual orientation have yet to be established. To date, a lot of research has been conducted to determine the influence of genetics, hormonal action, development dynamics, social and cultural influences—which has led many to think that biology and environment factors play a complex role in forming it. It was once thought that homosexuality was the result of faulty psychological development, resulting from childhood experiences and troubled relationships, including childhood sexual abuse. It has been found that this was based on prejudice and misinformation.
Question: Has the cause for sexual orientation been found yet?
Answer: The exact causes for the development of a particular sexual orientation have yet to be established
Question: What has the research that has been conducted for the influence of genetics made many people think?
Answer: that biology and environment factors play a complex role in forming it
Question: What was once thought to cause homosexuality?
Answer: the result of faulty psychological development
Question: What was found out about the theory of faulty psychological development being the cause for homosexuality?
Answer: this was based on prejudice and misinformation. |
Context: The central oscillator generates a self-sustaining rhythm and is driven by two interacting feedback loops that are active at different times of day. The morning loop consists of CCA1 (Circadian and Clock-Associated 1) and LHY (Late Elongated Hypocotyl), which encode closely related MYB transcription factors that regulate circadian rhythms in Arabidopsis, as well as PRR 7 and 9 (Pseudo-Response Regulators.) The evening loop consists of GI (Gigantea) and ELF4, both involved in regulation of flowering time genes. When CCA1 and LHY are overexpressed (under constant light or dark conditions), plants become arrhythmic, and mRNA signals reduce, contributing to a negative feedback loop. Gene expression of CCA1 and LHY oscillates and peaks in the early morning, whereas TOC1 gene expression oscillates and peaks in the early evening. While it was previously hypothesised that these three genes model a negative feedback loop in which over-expressed CCA1 and LHY repress TOC1 and over-expressed TOC1 is a positive regulator of CCA1 and LHY, it was shown in 2012 by Andrew Millar and others that TOC1 in fact serves as a repressor not only of CCA1, LHY, and PRR7 and 9 in the morning loop but also of GI and ELF4 in the evening loop. This finding and further computational modeling of TOC1 gene functions and interactions suggest a reframing of the plant circadian clock as a triple negative-component repressilator model rather than the positive/negative-element feedback loop characterizing the clock in mammals.
Question: What produces a self-sustaining rhythm?
Answer: central oscillator
Question: When do the CCA1 and LHY function?
Answer: morning
Question: Which loop that consists of GI and ELF4 functions?
Answer: evening
Question: What was the previous belief of feedback in the gene loop?
Answer: negative feedback loop
Question: What researcher showed that the gene feedback loop serves as a repressor?
Answer: Andrew Millar
Question: What is driven by single feedback loop?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When do CCA1 ELF4 function?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When do GI and LHY function?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does increased mRNA signals contribute to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Andrew Millar show in 2000?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: A computer does not need to be electronic, nor even have a processor, nor RAM, nor even a hard disk. While popular usage of the word "computer" is synonymous with a personal electronic computer, the modern definition of a computer is literally: "A device that computes, especially a programmable [usually] electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information." Any device which processes information qualifies as a computer, especially if the processing is purposeful.[citation needed]
Question: All devices that can process information can qualify being called what?
Answer: a computer |
Context: Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) eggs in dog feces can cause toxocariasis. In the United States, about 10,000 cases of Toxocara infection are reported in humans each year, and almost 14% of the U.S. population is infected. In Great Britain, 24% of soil samples taken from public parks contained T. canis eggs. Untreated toxocariasis can cause retinal damage and decreased vision. Dog feces can also contain hookworms that cause cutaneous larva migrans in humans.
Question: What is the common name of the species that causes Toxocariasis?
Answer: dog roundworm
Question: How are Toxicara canis infections spread?
Answer: dog feces
Question: About how many people get a Toxocara infection each year?
Answer: 10,000
Question: Toxocariasis can lead to what in humans?
Answer: retinal damage and decreased vision.
Question: Toxocariasis is caused by what kind of eggs in dog feces?
Answer: roundworm
Question: What percentage of people in America are infected with the Toxocara infection?
Answer: 14
Question: How many Toxocara infection cases are reported annually in the US?
Answer: 10,000
Question: What percentage of soil contained T. canis eggs in Great Britain public parks?
Answer: 24
Question: If toxocariasis is left untreated, what can happen to a person?
Answer: retinal damage and decreased vision |
Context: The City of New York has a complex park system, with various lands operated by the National Park Service, the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, and the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.
Question: What is the name of the New York City department that operates the park system?
Answer: New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
Question: What is the state office that operates New York City parks?
Answer: New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation
Question: What federal service operates New York City parks?
Answer: National Park Service |
Context: Medicine: Findings from Neolithic graveyards in what is now Pakistan show evidence of proto-dentistry among an early farming culture. Ayurveda is a system of traditional medicine that originated in ancient India before 2500 BC, and is now practiced as a form of alternative medicine in other parts of the world. Its most famous text is the Suśrutasamhitā of Suśruta, which is notable for describing procedures on various forms of surgery, including rhinoplasty, the repair of torn ear lobes, perineal lithotomy, cataract surgery, and several other excisions and other surgical procedures.
Question: Where are the Neolithic graveyards?
Answer: Pakistan
Question: What do the findings in the graveyards show evidence of?
Answer: proto-dentistry
Question: What kind of medicine was practiced in India before 2500 BC?
Answer: Ayurveda
Question: What is the name of the text that has information regarding Ayurveda?
Answer: Suśrutasamhitā of Suśruta
Question: What information is in the Susrutasamhita of Susruta?
Answer: surgical procedures |
Context: The study of the molecular and cellular components that comprise the immune system, including their function and interaction, is the central science of immunology. The immune system has been divided into a more primitive innate immune system and, in vertebrates, an acquired or adaptive immune system. The latter is further divided into humoral (or antibody) and cell-mediated components.
Question: What is the basic, primitive part of the immune system known as?
Answer: innate immune system
Question: Vertebrates also have what type of immune system component?
Answer: acquired or adaptive immune system
Question: What is one type of adaptive immune system component?
Answer: humoral (or antibody)
Question: Name the other type of adaptive immune system component?
Answer: cell-mediated
Question: The total immune system is generally composed of what types of structures?
Answer: molecular and cellular components |
Context: The ReWritable Audio CD is designed to be used in a consumer audio CD recorder, which will not (without modification) accept standard CD-RW discs. These consumer audio CD recorders use the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS), an early form of digital rights management (DRM), to conform to the United States' Audio Home Recording Act (AHRA). The ReWritable Audio CD is typically somewhat more expensive than CD-RW due to (a) lower volume and (b) a 3% AHRA royalty used to compensate the music industry for the making of a copy.
Question: What does SCMS stand for?
Answer: Serial Copy Management System
Question: What does DRM stand for?
Answer: digital rights management
Question: What does AHRA stand for?
Answer: Audio Home Recording Act
Question: What type of CD is intended to be used in a Consumer audio CD Recorder?
Answer: ReWritable Audio CD
Question: Which is less expensive, the ReWritable Audio CD or a CD-RW?
Answer: CD-RW
Question: What plays standard CD-RW discs without changes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What royalties does a CD-RW have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the digital rights management published?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the international standard for home recordings?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why is the CD-RW more expensive than the ReWritable CD?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Rambla is an avenue that goes along the entire coastline of Montevideo. The literal meaning of the Spanish word rambla is "avenue" or "watercourse", but in the Americas it is mostly used as "coastal avenue", and since all the southern departments of Uruguay border either the Río de la Plata or the Atlantic Ocean, they all have ramblas as well. As an integral part of Montevidean identity, the Rambla has been included by Uruguay in the Indicative List of World Heritage sites, though it has not received this status. Previously, the entire Rambla was called Rambla Naciones Unidas ("United Nations"), but in recent times different names have been given to specific parts of it.
Question: What avenue goes along the entire coastline of Montevideo?
Answer: The Rambla
Question: Avenue or Watercourse is the literal meaning of what Spanish word?
Answer: rambla
Question: In the Americas rambla is mostly used to refer to what?
Answer: "coastal avenue" |
Context: The 20th century saw the arrival of Modernism, and along with it came the most prominent Portuguese painters: Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso, who was heavily influenced by French painters, particularly by the Delaunays. Among his best-known works is Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro. Another great modernist painters/writers were Carlos Botelho and Almada Negreiros, friend to the poet Fernando Pessoa, who painted his (Pessoa's) portrait. He was deeply influenced by both Cubist and Futurist trends. Prominent international figures in visual arts nowadays include painters Vieira da Silva, Júlio Pomar, Helena Almeida, Joana Vasconcelos, Julião Sarmento and Paula Rego.
Question: In which century did Portugal see the arrival of Modernism?
Answer: 20th century
Question: By what group was Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso most heavily influenced by?
Answer: French painters, particularly by the Delaunays
Question: What is one of Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso's best known works?
Answer: Canção Popular a Russa e o Fígaro
Question: Who are some of the most prominent modern visual artists in Portugal?
Answer: Vieira da Silva, Júlio Pomar, Helena Almeida, Joana Vasconcelos, Julião Sarmento and Paula Rego |
Context: The earliest variant of the name that became Tennessee was recorded by Captain Juan Pardo, the Spanish explorer, when he and his men passed through an American Indian village named "Tanasqui" in 1567 while traveling inland from South Carolina. In the early 18th century, British traders encountered a Cherokee town named Tanasi (or "Tanase") in present-day Monroe County, Tennessee. The town was located on a river of the same name (now known as the Little Tennessee River), and appears on maps as early as 1725. It is not known whether this was the same town as the one encountered by Juan Pardo, although recent research suggests that Pardo's "Tanasqui" was located at the confluence of the Pigeon River and the French Broad River, near modern Newport.
Question: Who first recorded a territorial name in the region that resembles its current name Tennessee?
Answer: Captain Juan Pardo
Question: Which Native Americans had a town called Tanasi in present day Monroe County, Tennessee?
Answer: Cherokee
Question: Tanasi is know to have been located and mapped by British traders by which year?
Answer: 1725
Question: What nationality was Juan Pardo?
Answer: Spanish |
Context: In December 1994, TCM debuted "TCM Remembers", a tribute to recently deceased notable film personalities (including actors, producers, composers, directors, writers and cinematographers) that occasionally airs during promotional breaks between films. The segments appear in two forms: individual tributes and a longer end-of-year compilation. Following the recent death of an especially famous classic film personality (usually an actor, producer, filmmaker or director), the segment will feature a montage of select shots of the deceased's work. Every December, a longer, more inclusive "TCM Remembers" interstitial is produced that honors all of the noted film personalities who died during the past year, interspersed with scenes from settings such as an abandoned drive-in (2012) or a theatre which is closing down and is being dismantled (2013). Since 2001, the soundtracks for these clipreels have been introspective melodies by indie artists such as Badly Drawn Boy (2007) or Steve Earle (2009).
Question: In what month and year did TCM Remembers premiere?
Answer: December 1994
Question: Along with individual tributes, what form did TCM Remembers occur in?
Answer: end-of-year compilation
Question: In what month of the year does a longer version of TCM Remembers appear?
Answer: December
Question: In what year did Badly Drawn Boy provide a soundtrack for TCM Remembers?
Answer: 2007
Question: Who provided the soundtrack for the longer TCM Remembers episode in 2009?
Answer: Steve Earle
Question: In what month and year did TCM Boy premiere?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with individual tributes, what form did Badly Drawn Boy occur in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what month of the year does a longer version of Badly Drawn Boy appear?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Steve Earle provide a soundtrack for TCM Remembers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who provided the soundtrack for the longer Badly Drawn Boy episode in 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1940, Jeannette Rankin had once again been elected to Congress, and in 1941, as she did in 1917, she voted against the United States' declaration of war. This time she was the only vote against the war, and in the wake of public outcry over her vote, she required police protection for a time. Other pacifists tended to be those from "peace churches" who generally opposed war. Many individuals from throughout the U.S. who claimed conscientious objector status were sent to Montana during the war as smokejumpers and for other forest fire-fighting duties.
Question: What year was Jeannette Rankin vote against war the first time?
Answer: 1917
Question: When did she vote a second time against war?
Answer: 1941
Question: What were conscientious objectors sent to Montana to do?
Answer: smokejumpers and for other forest fire-fighting duties. |
Context: The Estonian Academy of Sciences is the national academy of science. The strongest public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research is the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian KBFI). The first computer centres were established in the late 1950s in Tartu and Tallinn. Estonian specialists contributed in the development of software engineering standards for ministries of the Soviet Union during the 1980s. As of 2011[update], Estonia spends around 2.38% of its GDP on Research and Development, compared to an EU average of around 2.0%.
Question: What is the main science institution in Estonia?
Answer: The Estonian Academy of Sciences
Question: What is the strongest research body that executes fundamental and applied research?
Answer: the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
Question: What decade were the first computer centers created in Estonia?
Answer: the late 1950s
Question: What cities were the locations of the first computer centers?
Answer: Tartu and Tallinn |
Context: Kerry and his second wife, Mozambican-born businesswoman and philanthropist Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira (known as Teresa), the widow of Kerry's late Pennsylvania Republican Senate colleague Henry John Heinz III, were introduced to each other by Heinz at an Earth Day rally in 1990. Early the following year, Senator Heinz was killed in a plane crash near Lower Merion. Teresa has three sons from her previous marriage to Heinz, Henry John Heinz IV, André Thierstein Heinz, and Christopher Drake Heinz. Heinz and Kerry were married on May 26, 1995, in Nantucket, Massachusetts.
Question: Who is Kerry's 2nd wife?
Answer: Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira
Question: What is Kerry's 2nd wife's nationality?
Answer: Mozambican
Question: Who was Kerry's 2nd wife's previous husband?
Answer: Henry John Heinz III
Question: When did Kerry and Teresa meet?
Answer: 1990
Question: Where did Kerry and Teresa meet?
Answer: at an Earth Day rally |
Context: Unlike in higher animals, where parthenogenesis is rare, asexual reproduction may occur in plants by several different mechanisms. The formation of stem tubers in potato is one example. Particularly in arctic or alpine habitats, where opportunities for fertilisation of flowers by animals are rare, plantlets or bulbs, may develop instead of flowers, replacing sexual reproduction with asexual reproduction and giving rise to clonal populations genetically identical to the parent. This is one of several types of apomixis that occur in plants. Apomixis can also happen in a seed, producing a seed that contains an embryo genetically identical to the parent.
Question: Why do plants develop bulbs?
Answer: opportunities for fertilisation of flowers by animals are rare
Question: What do plants do when the environment makes fertilization especially difficult?
Answer: replacing sexual reproduction with asexual reproduction
Question: How different are the children produced by asexual parents?
Answer: genetically identical to the parent
Question: What is the term for asexual cloning?
Answer: Apomixis
Question: Does apomixis only occur in the parent?
Answer: can also happen in a seed |
Context: Excluding the outlying parks of Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes, Paris covers an oval measuring about 87 km2 (34 sq mi) in area, enclosed by the 35 km (22 mi) ring road, the Boulevard Périphérique. The city's last major annexation of outlying territories in 1860 not only gave it its modern form but also created the 20 clockwise-spiralling arrondissements (municipal boroughs). From the 1860 area of 78 km2 (30 sq mi), the city limits were expanded marginally to 86.9 km2 (33.6 sq mi) in the 1920s. In 1929, the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes forest parks were officially annexed to the city, bringing its area to about 105 km2 (41 sq mi). The metropolitan area of the city is 2,300 km2 (890 sq mi).
Question: What road encircles Paris?
Answer: Boulevard Périphérique
Question: How large is the metropolitan area of Paris?
Answer: 2,300 km2
Question: In what year was Paris' last annexation of outlying territories?
Answer: 1860
Question: How many arrondissements are there?
Answer: 20
Question: In what year were Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes annexed?
Answer: 1929 |
Context: During the 20th century Valencia remained the third most populous city of Spain as its population tripled, rising from 213,550 inhabitants in 1900 to 739,014 in 2000. Valencia was also third in industrial and economic development; notable milestones include urban expansion of the city in the latter 1800s, the creation of the Banco de Valencia in 1900, construction of the Central and Columbus markets, and the construction of the Gare du Nord railway station, completed in 1921. The new century was marked in Valencia with a major event, the Valencian regional exhibition of 1909 (La Exposición Regional Valenciana de 1909), which emulated the national and universal expositions held in other cities. This production was promoted by the Ateneo Mercantil de Valencia (Mercantile Athenaeum of Valencia), especially by its chairman, Tomás Trénor y Palavicino, and had the support of the Government and the Crown; it was officially inaugurated by King Alfonso XIII himself.
Question: What was Valencia's population in 2000?
Answer: 739,014
Question: Where did Valencia rank in economic development among Spanish cities in the 1900s?
Answer: third
Question: Where did Valencia rank in size among Spanish cities in the 1900s?
Answer: third
Question: When was the Gare du Nord station finished?
Answer: 1921
Question: When was the Valencian regional exhibition held?
Answer: 1909 |
Context: Campus Martius, a reconfiguration of downtown's main intersection as a new park was opened in 2004. The park has been cited as one of the best public spaces in the United States. The city's riverfront has been the focus of redevelopment, following successful examples of other older industrial cities. In 2001, the first portion of the International Riverfront was completed as a part of the city's 300th anniversary celebration, with miles of parks and associated landscaping completed in succeeding years. In 2011, the Port Authority Passenger Terminal opened with the river walk connecting Hart Plaza to the Renaissance Center.
Question: In which year was Campus Martius open?
Answer: 2004
Question: What area has Detroit been trying to redevelop?
Answer: riverfront
Question: In which year did Detroit celebrate it's 300th anniversary?
Answer: 2001
Question: What opened in 2011?
Answer: Port Authority Passenger Terminal
Question: Which two areas were connected by the Port Authority Passenger Terminal?
Answer: Hart Plaza to the Renaissance Center |
Context: There are more than 200 thermochemical cycles which can be used for water splitting, around a dozen of these cycles such as the iron oxide cycle, cerium(IV) oxide–cerium(III) oxide cycle, zinc zinc-oxide cycle, sulfur-iodine cycle, copper-chlorine cycle and hybrid sulfur cycle are under research and in testing phase to produce hydrogen and oxygen from water and heat without using electricity. A number of laboratories (including in France, Germany, Greece, Japan, and the USA) are developing thermochemical methods to produce hydrogen from solar energy and water.
Question: What are the thermochemical cycyles in a testing phase for?
Answer: produce hydrogen and oxygen from water and heat without using electricity
Question: What are labs trying to produce hydrogen from?
Answer: solar energy and water
Question: What countries are testing this?
Answer: France, Germany, Greece, Japan, and the USA |
Context: On ancient reliefs, especially from Mesopotamia, kings are often depicted as hunters of big game such as lions and are often portrayed hunting from a war chariot. The cultural and psychological importance of hunting in ancient societies is represented by deities such as the horned god Cernunnos and lunar goddesses of classical antiquity, the Greek Artemis or Roman Diana. Taboos are often related to hunting, and mythological association of prey species with a divinity could be reflected in hunting restrictions such as a reserve surrounding a temple. Euripides' tale of Artemis and Actaeon, for example, may be seen as a caution against disrespect of prey or impudent boasting.
Question: What are kings often depicted as on ancient reliefs?
Answer: hunters
Question: What are the kings portrayed as hunting?
Answer: big game
Question: How was the cultural importance of hunting in ancient societies represented?
Answer: by deities
Question: What could the mythological association of prey species with divinity be a form of?
Answer: hunting restrictions
Question: What might the meaning of Euripides' tale be seen as a caution against?
Answer: disrespect of prey
Question: Kings were depicted as hunting what big game from a chariot?
Answer: lions
Question: What is often related to hunting?
Answer: Taboos
Question: Deities represent what importance?
Answer: cultural and psychological
Question: What tale is seen as cautions against disrespecting prey or impudent boasting?
Answer: Euripides' tale of Artemis and Actaeon
Question: What was the main god worshipped in Mesopotamia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What deities came after Cernunnos in Mesopotamia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What animal is associated with the Greek Diana?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is Euripdes often shown as hunting from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the tale in Mesopotamia about the horned god Cernunnos a caution against?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Alpine symbolism has played an essential role in shaping the history of the country and the Swiss national identity. Nowadays some concentrated mountain areas have a strong highly energetic ski resort culture in winter, and a hiking (ger: das Wandern) or Mountain biking culture in summer. Other areas throughout the year have a recreational culture that caters to tourism, yet the quieter seasons are spring and autumn when there are fewer visitors. A traditional farmer and herder culture also predominates in many areas and small farms are omnipresent outside the cities. Folk art is kept alive in organisations all over the country. In Switzerland it is mostly expressed in music, dance, poetry, wood carving and embroidery. The alphorn, a trumpet-like musical instrument made of wood, has become alongside yodeling and the accordion an epitome of traditional Swiss music.
Question: What symbolism has played an important role in shaping the history of Switzerland?
Answer: Alpine
Question: What highly energetic culture is in some concentrated mountain areas in the winter?
Answer: ski resort culture
Question: What is the name of the trumpet like musical instrument made of wood has become the epitome of traditional Swiss music?
Answer: alphorn
Question: What traditional culture predominates in many areas of small farms?
Answer: farmer and herder culture |
Context: Palermo (Italian: [paˈlɛrmo] ( listen), Sicilian: Palermu, Latin: Panormus, from Greek: Πάνορμος, Panormos, Arabic: بَلَرْم, Balarm; Phoenician: זִיז, Ziz) is a city in Insular Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Province of Palermo. The city is noted for its history, culture, architecture and gastronomy, playing an important role throughout much of its existence; it is over 2,700 years old. Palermo is located in the northwest of the island of Sicily, right by the Gulf of Palermo in the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Question: For what is Palermo known?
Answer: history, culture, architecture and gastronomy
Question: How old is the city of Palermo?
Answer: 2,700 years old
Question: On what island is Palermo located?
Answer: Sicily
Question: What country is Paletrmo a mainland city of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city is the capital of the Palermo province but noit the region of Sicily?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city has been around since 2700 A.D.?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city is in the northwest of Italy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city is near the Tyrrhenian Gulf?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In contrast, Roman expansion into Spain and Gaul occurred as a mix of alliance-seeking and military occupation. In the 2nd century BC, Roman involvement in the Greek east remained a matter of alliance-seeking, but this time in the face of major powers that could rival Rome. According to Polybius, who sought to trace how Rome came to dominate the Greek east in less than a century, this was mainly a matter of several Greek city-states seeking Roman protection against the Macedonian kingdom and Seleucid Empire in the face of destabilisation created by the weakening of Ptolemaic Egypt. In contrast to the west, the Greek east had been dominated by major empires for centuries, and Roman influence and alliance-seeking led to wars with these empires that further weakened them and therefore created an unstable power vacuum that only Rome could fill. This had some important similarities to (and important differences from) the events in Italy centuries earlier, but this time on a global scale.
Question: What effect did the weakening of Ptolemaic Egypt have on nearby areas?
Answer: destabilisation
Question: Who attempted to find out how Rome dominated the Greek east?
Answer: Polybius
Question: Why was Rome involved in matters in the Greek east?
Answer: alliance-seeking
Question: Which countries citie-states attempted to gain the protection of Rome?
Answer: Greek |
Context: In the late 12th and early 13th centuries the border and political relationship between England and Scotland was disputed, with the kings of Scotland claiming parts of what is now northern England. John's father, Henry II, had forced William the Lion to swear fealty to him at the Treaty of Falaise in 1174. This had been rescinded by Richard I in exchange for financial compensation in 1189, but the relationship remained uneasy. John began his reign by reasserting his sovereignty over the disputed northern counties. He refused William's request for the earldom of Northumbria, but did not intervene in Scotland itself and focused on his continental problems. The two kings maintained a friendly relationship, meeting in 1206 and 1207, until it was rumoured in 1209 that William was intending to ally himself with Philip II of France. John invaded Scotland and forced William to sign the Treaty of Norham, which gave John control of William's daughters and required a payment of £10,000. This effectively crippled William's power north of the border, and by 1212 John had to intervene militarily to support the Scottish king against his internal rivals.[nb 16] John made no efforts to reinvigorate the Treaty of Falaise, though, and both William and Alexander remained independent kings, supported by, but not owing fealty to, John.
Question: When was the political relationship between England and Scotland disputed?
Answer: late 12th and early 13th centuries
Question: Who forced William the Lion to swear fealty to him?
Answer: Henry II
Question: What did John force William to sign?
Answer: Treaty of Norham |
Context: In 1937, IBM's tabulating equipment enabled organizations to process unprecedented amounts of data, its clients including the U.S. Government, during its first effort to maintain the employment records for 26 million people pursuant to the Social Security Act, and the Third Reich, largely through the German subsidiary Dehomag. During the Second World War the company produced small arms for the American war effort (M1 Carbine, and Browning Automatic Rifle). IBM provided translation services for the Nuremberg Trials. In 1947, IBM opened its first office in Bahrain, as well as an office in Saudi Arabia to service the needs of the Arabian-American Oil Company that would grow to become Saudi Business Machines (SBM).
Question: What what was the name of the subsidiary working in Germany during World War 2?
Answer: Dehomag
Question: Records for how many people were maintained by IBM in 1937?
Answer: 26 million
Question: What service did IBM provide for the Nuremberg Trials?
Answer: translation services
Question: What year did IBM open its first office in Bahrain?
Answer: 1947
Question: What was the eventual name of the company that IBM operated in Saudi Arabia?
Answer: Saudi Business Machines
Question: What did Bahrain's tabulating equipment help organizations process?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people were employed by the Third Reich?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two types of weapons were used by the Third Reich in 1937?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did the Nuremburg Trials begin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did the German subsidiary Dehomag open for business?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: She met director Guy Ritchie, who would become her second husband, in November 1998 and gave birth to their son Rocco John Ritchie on August 11, 2000 in Los Angeles. Rocco and Madonna suffered complications from the birth due to her experiencing placenta praevia. He was christened at Dornoch Cathedral in Dornoch, Scotland, on December 21, 2000. Madonna married Ritchie the following day at nearby Skibo Castle. Her fifth concert tour, titled Drowned World Tour, started in June 2001. The tour visited cities in the U.S. and Europe and was the highest-grossing concert tour of the year by a solo artist, earning $75 million from 47 sold-out shows. She also released her second greatest-hits collection, titled GHV2, to coincide with the home video release of the tour. GHV2 debuted at number seven on the Billboard 200.
Question: Who is Madonna's second husband?
Answer: Guy Ritchie
Question: When did Madonna marry Guy Ritchie?
Answer: December 21, 2000.
Question: When was Rocco John Ritchie born?
Answer: August 11, 2000
Question: What type of birth complications did Madonna suffer at birth?
Answer: placenta praevia
Question: When did Madonna's Drowned World Tour start?
Answer: June 2001 |
Context: In some languages, including old Chinese, Thai, old Japanese, and Vietnamese, the same word can mean either blue or green. The Chinese character 青 (pronounced qīng in Mandarin, ao in Japanese, and thanh in Sino-Vietnamese) has a meaning that covers both blue and green; blue and green are traditionally considered shades of "青". In more contemporary terms, they are 藍 (lán, in Mandarin) and 綠 (lǜ, in Mandarin) respectively. Japanese also has two terms that refer specifically to the color green, 緑 (midori, which is derived from the classical Japanese descriptive verb midoru "to be in leaf, to flourish" in reference to trees) and グリーン (guriin, which is derived from the English word "green"). However, in Japan, although the traffic lights have the same colors that other countries have, the green light is described using the same word as for blue, "aoi", because green is considered a shade of aoi; similarly, green variants of certain fruits and vegetables such as green apples, green shiso (as opposed to red apples and red shiso) will be described with the word "aoi". Vietnamese uses a single word for both blue and green, xanh, with variants such as xanh da trời (azure, lit. "sky blue"), lam (blue), and lục (green; also xanh lá cây, lit. "leaf green").
Question: How many terms does Japanese have for the color green?
Answer: two
Question: What is the Vietnamese word for both blue and green?
Answer: xanh
Question: What are the colors of traffic lights in Japan?
Answer: the same colors that other countries have
Question: How is 藍 pronounced in Japanese?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is 綠 pronounced in Sino-Vietnamese?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Chinese word for green is derived from English?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many words for green does Thai have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Ian mean in reference to trees?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Sea levels began to rise during the Jurassic, which was probably caused by an increase in seafloor spreading. The formation of new crust beneath the surface displaced ocean waters by as much as 200 m (656 ft) more than today, which flooded coastal areas. Furthermore, Pangaea began to rift into smaller divisions, bringing more land area in contact with the ocean by forming the Tethys Sea. Temperatures continued to increase and began to stabilize. Humidity also increased with the proximity of water, and deserts retreated.
Question: What caused the sea to rise during the Jurassic?
Answer: increase in seafloor
Question: Rising seas and displaced waters caused what element along the coasts?
Answer: flooded coastal areas
Question: Pangaea beginning to break apart created what new sea?
Answer: Tethys Sea
Question: What weather condition increased?
Answer: Temperatures
Question: As humidity increased what land area decreased?
Answer: deserts
Question: What caused the sea to fall during the Jurassic?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Rising seas and displaced waters destroyed what element along the coasts?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What weather condition became much more stable?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did humidity decrease during the Jurassic?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: By how much did oceans increase in size compared to today?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In November 2004, following a period of turmoil caused by the revelation that Shell had been overstating its oil reserves, it was announced that the Shell Group would move to a single capital structure, creating a new parent company to be named Royal Dutch Shell plc, with its primary listing on the London Stock Exchange, a secondary listing on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange, its headquarters and tax residency in The Hague, Netherlands and its registered office in London. The unification was completed on 20 July 2005 and the original owners delisted their companies from the respective exchanges. On 20 July 2005, the Shell Transport & Trading Company plc was delisted from the LSE, where as, Royal Dutch Petroleum Company from NYSE on 18 November 2005. The shares of the company were issued at a 60/40 advantage for the shareholders of Royal Dutch in line with the original ownership of the Shell Group.
Question: In what year was it announced that the Shell Group would move to a single capital structure?
Answer: 2004
Question: What was the name of the Shell Group's new parent company?
Answer: Royal Dutch Shell plc
Question: On what exchange was the Shell Group's new parent company primarily listed?
Answer: the London Stock Exchange
Question: Where was the Royal Dutch Shell plc headquartered?
Answer: The Hague, Netherlands
Question: What was the cause of the period of turmoil prior to the announcement that the Shell Group would move to a single capital structure?
Answer: the revelation that Shell had been overstating its oil reserves
Question: When was it discovered Shell had been overstating its oil reserves?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Shell listed on the LSE?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Royal Dutch Petroleum added to the NYSE?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Contrary to the original ownership, shareholders were given what disadvantage of the Shell group?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Netherlands city housed the registered office?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars. In the last three of these, international treaties (the Antarctic Treaty, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the Outer Space Treaty respectively) prevent colonization and potential statehood of any of these uninhabited (and, given current technology, not permanently inhabitable) territories.
Question: What are the four categories of terra nullius?
Answer: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies
Question: What three treaties exist for unclaimed lands?
Answer: the Antarctic Treaty, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the Outer Space Treaty
Question: What do the treaties defend against?
Answer: prevent colonization and potential statehood of any of these uninhabited (and, given current technology, not permanently inhabitable) territories.
Question: Where is Bir Tawil located?
Answer: between Egypt and Sudan
Question: What are the four categories of the Outer Space Treaty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What three treaties exist for claimed lands?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does terra nullius defend against?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was the United Nations Convention located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many categories of outer space are there?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: One of the first incidents of the book being challenged was in Hanover, Virginia, in 1966: a parent protested that the use of rape as a plot device was immoral. Johnson cites examples of letters to local newspapers, which ranged from amusement to fury; those letters expressing the most outrage, however, complained about Mayella Ewell's attraction to Tom Robinson over the depictions of rape. Upon learning the school administrators were holding hearings to decide the book's appropriateness for the classroom, Harper Lee sent $10 to The Richmond News Leader suggesting it to be used toward the enrollment of "the Hanover County School Board in any first grade of its choice". The National Education Association in 1968 placed the novel second on a list of books receiving the most complaints from private organizations—after Little Black Sambo.
Question: When was the first major controversy that surfaced from the book?
Answer: 1966
Question: What event in the novel was heavily criticized for being a plot device?
Answer: rape
Question: In letters to local newspapers, what subplot in the book received the most complaints?
Answer: Mayella Ewell's attraction to Tom Robinson
Question: According to the National Education Association, what was the only book to receive more complaints in 1968?
Answer: Little Black Sambo |
Context: Northwestern fielded its first intercollegiate football team in 1882, later becoming a founding member of the Big Ten Conference. In the 1870s and 1880s, Northwestern affiliated itself with already existing schools of law, medicine, and dentistry in Chicago. The Northwestern University School of Law is the oldest law school in Chicago. As the university increased in wealth and distinction, and enrollments grew, these professional schools were integrated with the undergraduate college in Evanston; the result was a modern research university combining professional, graduate, and undergraduate programs, which gave equal weight to teaching and research. The Association of American Universities invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917.
Question: What sports team did Northwestern field its first of in 1882?
Answer: intercollegiate football
Question: Which already existing schools did Northwestern affiliate itself with in the 1870's and 1880's?
Answer: schools of law, medicine, and dentistry in Chicago
Question: What is the oldest law school in Chicago?
Answer: Northwestern University School of Law
Question: What organization invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917?
Answer: The Association of American Universities
Question: What type of member was Northwestern of the Big Ten Conference?
Answer: a founding member
Question: What sports team did Northwestern field its first of in 1982?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which already existing schools did Southwestern affiliate itself with in the 1870's and 1880's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the youngest law school in Chicago?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of member was Northwestern of the Big Eight Conference?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: By total area (water as well as land), the United States is either slightly larger or smaller than the People's Republic of China, making it the world's third or fourth largest country. China and the United States are smaller than Russia and Canada in total area, but are larger than Brazil. By land area only (exclusive of waters), the United States is the world's third largest country, after Russia and China, with Canada in fourth. Whether the US or China is the third largest country by total area depends on two factors: (1) The validity of China's claim on Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract. Both these territories are also claimed by India, so are not counted; and (2) How US calculates its own surface area. Since the initial publishing of the World Factbook, the CIA has updated the total area of United States a number of times.
Question: Compared to other countries, how large is the US?
Answer: third or fourth largest country
Question: Which country is the worlds fourth largest?
Answer: Canada
Question: Who may also be the third largest country?
Answer: China
Question: By land area only the United States is slightly larger or smaller than what other country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: China and the United States are larger than Russia and what other country in total area?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: My total area land and water whether the United States is the third-largest country depends on what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Since the initial publication of the world factbook Guinness has done what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Brazil is larger than what other two countries?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: According to the scriptures, Gautama Buddha presented himself as a model. The Dharma offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana. The Sangha is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha and providing further examples that the truth of the Buddha's teachings is attainable.
Question: Who presented himself as a model?
Answer: Gautama Buddha
Question: What offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering?
Answer: Dharma
Question: What provides refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha?
Answer: Sangha |
Context: Greece has tended to lag behind its European Union partners in terms of Internet use, with the gap closing rapidly in recent years. The percentage of households with access to the Internet more than doubled between 2006 and 2013, from 23% to 56% respectively (compared with an EU average of 49% and 79%). At the same time, there has been a massive increase in the proportion of households with a broadband connection, from 4% in 2006 to 55% in 2013 (compared with an EU average of 30% and 76%). However, Greece also has the EU's third highest percentage of people who have never used the Internet: 36% in 2013, down from 65% in 2006 (compared with an EU average of 21% and 42%).
Question: What does Greece lag behind other EU countries in terms of use?
Answer: Internet
Question: How much did the percentage of households with access to the internet increase between 2006 and 2013?
Answer: more than doubled
Question: What has the been a massive increase in the number of households with in Greece?
Answer: a broadband connection
Question: Who has the EU's third highest percentage of people who've never used the Internet?
Answer: Greece
Question: What percentage of people in Greece had never used the Internet as of 2013?
Answer: 36%
Question: What does Greece do more than other EU countries in terms of use?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did the percentage of households with access to the internet decrease between 2003 and 2013?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has the been a massive deterrent in the number of households within Greece?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who has the EU's third smallest percentage of people who've never used the Internet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What percentage of people in Greece have never stopped using the Internet as of 2013?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Namibia follows a largely independent foreign policy, with persisting affiliations with states that aided the independence struggle, including Cuba. With a small army and a fragile economy, the Namibian Government's principal foreign policy concern is developing strengthened ties within the Southern African region. A dynamic member of the Southern African Development Community, Namibia is a vocal advocate for greater regional integration. Namibia became the 160th member of the UN on 23 April 1990. On its independence it became the fiftieth member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Question: Who does Namibia have affiliation with in their foreign policy?
Answer: states that aided the independence
Question: What ties does Namibia want to strengthen?
Answer: Southern African
Question: Which number member is Namibia in the UN?
Answer: 160th
Question: When did Namibia join the UN?
Answer: 23 April 1990
Question: Which number member is Namibia in the Commonwealth of Nations?
Answer: fiftieth
Question: To what year does Namibia and Cuba relationship go back to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which sub-Saharan African country has a large army?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Cuba come in regarding joining the UN?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Besides Namibia what is one other country that is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What sub-Saharan country has a strong economy?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: All Freemasons begin their journey in the "craft" by being progressively initiated, passed and raised into the three degrees of Craft, or Blue Lodge Masonry. During these three rituals, the candidate is progressively taught the meanings of the Lodge symbols, and entrusted with grips, signs and words to signify to other Masons that he has been so initiated. The initiations are part allegory and part lecture, and revolve around the construction of the Temple of Solomon, and the artistry and death of his chief architect, Hiram Abiff. The degrees are those of Entered apprentice, Fellowcraft and Master Mason. While many different versions of these rituals exist, with at least two different lodge layouts and versions of the Hiram myth, each version is recognisable to any Freemason from any jurisdiction.
Question: All Freemasons are progressively initiated, passed, and raised in three degrees of what?
Answer: Craft, or Blue Lodge Masonry
Question: The initiations are part allegory and part what?
Answer: lecture
Question: What is the final of the three steps of Freemasonry?
Answer: Master Mason
Question: Who was the chief architect of the Temple of Solomon?
Answer: Hiram Abiff
Question: How many versions of the Hiram myth are there?
Answer: at least two
Question: What are all Freemasons progressively initiated, passed, and raised in six degrees of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the final of the seven steps of Freemasonry?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the worst architect of the Temple of Solomon?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many versions of the Hiram flag are there?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the first step for only some Freemasons?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: San Diego County has one of the highest counts of animal and plant species that appear on the endangered species list among counties in the United States. Because of its diversity of habitat and its position on the Pacific Flyway, San Diego County has recorded the presence of 492 bird species, more than any other region in the country. San Diego always scores very high in the number of bird species observed in the annual Christmas Bird Count, sponsored by the Audubon Society, and it is known as one of the "birdiest" areas in the United States.
Question: How many bird species have been observed in San Diego?
Answer: 492
Question: What birding event does the Audubon Society host every year?
Answer: Christmas Bird Count
Question: What is special about the animal and plant species found in San Diego?
Answer: highest counts of animal and plant species that appear on the endangered species list
Question: What flyway contributes to the diverse bird population in San Diego County?
Answer: Pacific Flyway
Question: What word describes San Diego County due to the many birds residing there?
Answer: birdiest
Question: How many bird species have been observed in San Francisco?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What birding event does the Audubon Society host some years?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is special about the animal and plant species found in San Francisco?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What flyway contributes to the diverse bird population in San Francisco County?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What word describes San Diego County due to the few birds residing there?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: All versions of the SNES are predominantly gray, although the exact shade may differ. The original North American version, designed by Nintendo of America industrial designer Lance Barr (who previously redesigned the Famicom to become the NES), has a boxy design with purple sliding switches and a dark gray eject lever. The loading bay surface is curved, both to invite interaction and to prevent food or drinks from being placed on the console and spilling as had happened with the flat surfaced NES. The Japanese and European versions are more rounded, with darker gray accents and buttons. The North American SNS-101 model and the Japanese Super Famicom Jr. (the SHVC-101 model), all designed by Barr, are both smaller with a rounded contour; however, the SNS-101 buttons are purple where the Super Famicom Jr. buttons are gray. The European and American versions of the SNES controllers have much longer cables compared to the Japanese Super Famicom controllers.
Question: What color is the SNES?
Answer: predominantly gray
Question: Who designed the North American SNES?
Answer: Lance Barr
Question: What was Barr's job?
Answer: industrial designer
Question: What color were the North American SNES's buttons?
Answer: purple
Question: What color were the Japanese Super Famicom Jr.'s buttons?
Answer: gray
Question: What does the Japanese Super Famicom have that is longer than the European and American versions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What color are all versions of the Super Famicom Jr.?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was placed on the console because of the curved surface of the NES?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What color were the buttons for the SNS-100 version from Japan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the flat surface of the redesigned SNES invite people to do?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In prokaryotes, transcription occurs in the cytoplasm; for very long transcripts, translation may begin at the 5' end of the RNA while the 3' end is still being transcribed. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus, where the cell's DNA is stored. The RNA molecule produced by the polymerase is known as the primary transcript and undergoes post-transcriptional modifications before being exported to the cytoplasm for translation. One of the modifications performed is the splicing of introns which are sequences in the transcribed region that do not encode protein. Alternative splicing mechanisms can result in mature transcripts from the same gene having different sequences and thus coding for different proteins. This is a major form of regulation in eukaryotic cells and also occurs in some prokaryotes.:7.5
Question: Where does transcription occur in prokaryotes?
Answer: in the cytoplasm
Question: If the transcription is very long, where on the RNA may translation begin?
Answer: at the 5' end of the RNA
Question: Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes?
Answer: transcription occurs in the nucleus
Question: Where does a eukaryote store the cell's DNA?
Answer: in the nucleus
Question: What is the RNA molecule produced by the polymerase known as?
Answer: the primary transcript |
Context: Native Alabamian Allen Barra sharply criticized Lee and the novel in The Wall Street Journal calling Atticus a "repository of cracker-barrel epigrams" and the novel represents a "sugar-coated myth" of Alabama history. Barra writes, "It's time to stop pretending that To Kill a Mockingbird is some kind of timeless classic that ranks with the great works of American literature. Its bloodless liberal humanism is sadly dated". Thomas Mallon in The New Yorker criticizes Atticus' stiff and self-righteous demeanor, and calls Scout "a kind of highly constructed doll" whose speech and actions are improbable. Although acknowledging that the novel works, Mallon blasts Lee's "wildly unstable" narrative voice for developing a story about a content neighborhood until it begins to impart morals in the courtroom drama, following with his observation that "the book has begun to cherish its own goodness" by the time the case is over.[note 2] Defending the book, Akin Ajayi writes that justice "is often complicated, but must always be founded upon the notion of equality and fairness for all." Ajayi states that the book forces readers to question issues about race, class, and society, but that it was not written to resolve them.
Question: Who criticized Lee in The Wall Street Journal?
Answer: Allen Barra
Question: Who wrote that the book forces readers to question issues without resolving them?
Answer: Akin Ajayi |
Context: Local transit and paratransit bus service in Richmond, Henrico, and Chesterfield counties is provided by the Greater Richmond Transit Company (GRTC). The GRTC, however, serves only small parts of the suburban counties. The far West End (Innsbrook and Short Pump) and almost all of Chesterfield County have no public transportation despite dense housing, retail, and office development. According to a 2008 GRTC operations analysis report, a majority of GRTC riders utilize their services because they do not have an available alternative such as a private vehicle.
Question: What counties does the GRTC link to Richmond?
Answer: Henrico, and Chesterfield
Question: Along with Short Pump, what comprises the far part of the West End?
Answer: Innsbrook
Question: According to a GRTC report, what is an example of what most of its riders lack?
Answer: private vehicle
Question: What is GRTC an initialism of?
Answer: Greater Richmond Transit Company |
Context: The Duchy of Lancaster is one of two royal duchies in England. It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster. While the administrative boundaries changed in the 1970s, the county palatine boundaries remain the same as the historic boundaries. As a result, the High Sheriffs for Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Merseyside are appointed "within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancaster".
Question: When did the administrative boundaries for the Duchy of Lancaster change?
Answer: 1970s
Question: What is the Duchy of Lancaster?
Answer: one of two royal duchies in England
Question: What does the Duchy of Lancaster operate as?
Answer: a property company
Question: Who are appointed within the Duchy and County Palatine of Lancater?
Answer: High Sheriffs
Question: Who exercises the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster?
Answer: The Duchy of Lancaster
Question: In what decade was the County Palatine of Lancaster established?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the other royal duchy of England beyond the Duchy of Lancaster?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Duchy of Lancaster established?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What county lies to the east of Lancashire?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In recent years a large number of wartime recordings relating to the Blitz have been made available on audiobooks such as The Blitz, The Home Front and British War Broadcasting. These collections include period interviews with civilians, servicemen, aircrew, politicians and Civil Defence personnel, as well as Blitz actuality recordings, news bulletins and public information broadcasts. Notable interviews include Thomas Alderson, the first recipient of the George Cross, John Cormack, who survived eight days trapped beneath rubble on Clydeside, and Herbert Morrison's famous "Britain shall not burn" appeal for more fireguards in December 1940.
Question: What are the audiobooks with wartime recordings?
Answer: The Blitz, The Home Front and British War Broadcasting
Question: What are some of the things included in these recordings?
Answer: period interviews with civilians, servicemen, aircrew, politicians and Civil Defence personnel, as well as Blitz actuality recordings
Question: What is one of the notable recordings included?
Answer: Thomas Alderson, the first recipient of the George Cross, John Cormack, who survived eight days trapped beneath rubble on Clydeside
Question: What is a second recording that is of note?
Answer: Herbert Morrison's famous "Britain shall not burn" appeal for more fireguards in December 1940. |
Context: Popper held that rationality is not restricted to the realm of empirical or scientific theories, but that it is merely a special case of the general method of criticism, the method of finding and eliminating contradictions in knowledge without ad-hoc-measures. According to this view, rational discussion about metaphysical ideas, about moral values and even about purposes is possible. Popper's student W.W. Bartley III tried to radicalise this idea and made the controversial claim that not only can criticism go beyond empirical knowledge, but that everything can be rationally criticised.
Question: Popper's rational approach opposes what technique sometimes used to remove contradictions in knowledge?
Answer: ad-hoc-measures
Question: Which of Popper's students argued that rational criticism should be most widely applied?
Answer: W.W. Bartley III
Question: What type of knowledge is not the only sphere of rational criticism, according to Popper's student W.W. Bartley III?
Answer: empirical
Question: Who held that rationality is restricted to the realm of empirical or scientific theories?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is rational discussion about not possible, according to this view?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was W.W. Bartley III's student?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was W.W. Bartley III's uncontroversial claim?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1837, the personal union of the United Kingdom and Hanover ended because William IV's heir in the United Kingdom was female (Queen Victoria). Hanover could be inherited only by male heirs. Thus, Hanover passed to William IV's brother, Ernest Augustus, and remained a kingdom until 1866, when it was annexed by Prussia during the Austro-Prussian war. Despite being expected to defeat Prussia at the Battle of Langensalza, Prussia employed Moltke the Elder's Kesselschlacht order of battle to instead destroy the Hanoverian army. The city of Hanover became the capital of the Prussian Province of Hanover. After the annexation, the people of Hanover generally opposed the Prussian government.
Question: What ended in the year 1837?
Answer: the personal union of the United Kingdom and Hanover
Question: What was the name of William IV's heir?
Answer: Queen Victoria
Question: Who did the throne of Hanover pass to instead of Queen Victoria?
Answer: Ernest Augustus
Question: What happened to the kingdom of Hanover in 1866?
Answer: annexed by Prussia
Question: In which battle was the Hanover army destroyed?
Answer: Battle of Langensalza
Question: Why did the political ties between United Kingdom in Hanover and?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of William IV son
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who annexed the kingdom of Hanover in 1766?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is Hanover expected to lose to at the battle of Langensalza?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who did the people of Hanover generally support after the annexation?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Galicia (English i/ɡəˈlɪsiə/, /ɡəˈlɪʃə/; Galician: [ɡaˈliθja] ( listen), [ħaˈliθja], or [ħaˈlisja]; Spanish: [ɡaˈliθja]; Galician and Portuguese: Galiza, [ɡaˈliθa] ( listen), [ħaˈliθa] or [ħaˈlisa]) is an autonomous community of Spain and historic nationality under Spanish law. Located in the North-West of the Iberian Peninsula, it comprises the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra, being bordered by Portugal to the south, the Spanish autonomous communities of Castile and León and Asturias to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the north. It had a population of 2,765,940 in 2013 and has a total area of 29,574 km2 (11,419 sq mi). Galicia has over 1,660 km (1,030 mi) of coastline, including its offshore islands and islets, among them Cíes Islands, Ons, Sálvora, Cortegada, and—the largest and most populated—A Illa de Arousa.
Question: Which country is Galicia in?
Answer: Spain
Question: Where is its geographic location?
Answer: North-West of the Iberian Peninsula
Question: Which large body of water does Galicia border?
Answer: Atlantic Ocean
Question: What is its largest island?
Answer: Arousa |
Context: The second generation of the system, officially called the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and also known as COMPASS or BeiDou-2, will be a global satellite navigation system consisting of 35 satellites, and is under construction as of January 2015[update]. It became operational in China in December 2011, with 10 satellites in use, and began offering services to customers in the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012. It is planned to begin serving global customers upon its completion in 2020.
Question: What is the name of the second generation of BDS?
Answer: BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
Question: What is another name for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System?
Answer: COMPASS or BeiDou-2
Question: How many satellites will the BeiDou-2 have?
Answer: 35
Question: When did the BeiDou-2 begin construction?
Answer: January 2015
Question: When did the BeiDou-2 begin operating?
Answer: December 2011
Question: Which system is under construction until May 2017?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which system is also known as COMPANION or BeiDou-23?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which system has been operating in China since December 2012?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: BeiDou-1 has how many satellites in use?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: BeiDou-2 began offering services to customers in South America in what year?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the aftermath of the 1986 U.S. attack, the army was purged of perceived disloyal elements, and in 1988, Gaddafi announced the creation of a popular militia to replace the army and police. In 1987, Libya began production of mustard gas at a facility in Rabta, although publicly denying it was stockpiling chemical weapons, and unsuccessfully attempted to develop nuclear weapons. The period also saw a growth in domestic Islamist opposition, formulated into groups like the Muslim Brotherhood and the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group. A number of assassination attempts against Gaddafi were foiled, and in turn, 1989 saw the security forces raid mosques believed to be centres of counter-revolutionary preaching. In October 1993, elements of the increasingly marginalised army initiated a failed coup in Misrata, while in September 1995, Islamists launched an insurgency in Benghazi, and in July 1996 an anti-Gaddafist football riot broke out in Tripoli. The Revolutionary Committees experienced a resurgence to combat these Islamists.
Question: What bodies were intended to be replaced by the popular militia created in 1988?
Answer: army and police
Question: What chemical weapon did Libya start making in 1987?
Answer: mustard gas
Question: Where did Libya manufacture mustard gas?
Answer: Rabta
Question: Where did an abortive coup occur in 1993?
Answer: Misrata
Question: Where did a Muslim insurgency take place in 1995?
Answer: Benghazi |
Context: Moisture absorption occurs when the material is exposed to high humidity or water. Both the resin and the reinforcement may absorb water; water may be also soaked by capillary forces through voids in the materials and along the reinforcement. Epoxies of the FR-4 materials aren't too susceptible, with absorption of only 0.15%. Teflon has very low absorption of 0.01%. Polyimides and cyanate esters, on the other side, suffer from high water absorption. Absorbed water can lead to significant degradation of key parameters; it impairs tracking resistance, breakdown voltage, and dielectric parameters. Relative dielectric constant of water is about 73, compared to about 4 for common circuitboard materials. Absorbed moisture can also vaporize on heating and cause cracking and delamination, the same effect responsible for "popcorning" damage on wet packaging of electronic parts. Careful baking of the substrates may be required.
Question: What will happen to the materials when a board gets wet or is in a humid area?
Answer: Moisture absorption
Question: If materials absorb moisture and then are heated enough to vaporize the water, the board might show delamination or what other type of damage?
Answer: cracking
Question: What percentage absorption do F-4 epoxies have?
Answer: 0.15%
Question: What's the approximate relative dielectric constant of most materials in circuit boards?
Answer: 4
Question: What material has an absorption rate of only 0.01%?
Answer: Teflon
Question: What may also repel water?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Teflon has a high absorption rate of what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What suffers from low water absorption?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Repelled water can lead to what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Careful barking of the substrates may be what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the 1990s, Dell switched from using primarily ATX motherboards and PSU to using boards and power supplies with mechanically identical but differently wired connectors. This meant customers wishing to upgrade their hardware would have to replace parts with scarce Dell-compatible parts instead of commonly available parts. While motherboard power connections reverted to the industry standard in 2003, Dell continues to remain secretive about their motherboard pin-outs for peripherals (such as MMC readers and power on/off switches and LEDs).
Question: What decade did Dell switch to PSUs and boards that had differently wired connectors?
Answer: 1990s
Question: With what kind of parts were consumers able to upgrade their Dell systems with?
Answer: Dell-compatible parts
Question: What year did Dell revert its power connectors to industry standard ones?
Answer: 2003
Question: What part of their motherboards does Dell not reveal the specifications of?
Answer: pin-outs
Question: What decade did Dell switch to SPUs and boards that had differently wired connectors?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: With what kind of parts weren't consumers able to upgrade their Dell systems with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: With what kind of parts were consumers unable to upgrade their Dell systems with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year didn't Dell revert its power connectors to industry standard ones?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What part of their motherboards does Dell reveal the specifications of?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Free Officers' intention was not to install themselves in government, but to re-establish a parliamentary democracy. Nasser did not believe that a low-ranking officer like himself (a lieutenant colonel) would be accepted by the Egyptian people, and so selected General Naguib to be his "boss" and lead the coup in name. The revolution they had long sought was launched on 22 July and was declared a success the next day. The Free Officers seized control of all government buildings, radio stations, and police stations, as well as army headquarters in Cairo. While many of the rebel officers were leading their units, Nasser donned civilian clothing to avoid detection by royalists and moved around Cairo monitoring the situation. In a move to stave off foreign intervention two days before the revolution, Nasser had notified the American and British governments of his intentions, and both had agreed not to aid Farouk. Under pressure from the Americans, Nasser had agreed to exile the deposed king with an honorary ceremony.
Question: What type of government did the Free Officer's want to establish?
Answer: parliamentary democracy
Question: Who did Nasser choose to lead his coup?
Answer: General Naguib
Question: What was teh fate of King Farouk after the coup?
Answer: exile
Question: What did Nasser wear during the coup?
Answer: civilian clothing
Question: What day did the revolution begin?
Answer: 22 July |
Context: From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.
Question: When did Libya become an independent nation?
Answer: In 1951
Question: When Libya first became an independent country, what form of government did it adopt?
Answer: an absolute monarchy
Question: What countries occupied Libya after World War II?
Answer: British and French forces
Question: Who was the first leader of Libya?
Answer: a pro-western monarch, Idris
Question: What World War I event directly impacted Gaddafi's family?
Answer: Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911
Question: How did World War I directly impact Gaddafi's family?
Answer: According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911
Question: What happened to Libya right after World War II?
Answer: Libya was occupied by British and French forces
Question: When was it announced that Libya would be independent?
Answer: In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership
Question: What was the first type of government that Libya had?
Answer: a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.
Question: What country occupied Libya during World War II?
Answer: his nation was occupied by Italy
Question: What nation controlled Libya as a colony when Gaddafi was a child?
Answer: Italy
Question: Who battled the Italians during the North African campaign?
Answer: British
Question: Who was Gaddafi's father's father?
Answer: Abdessalam Bouminyar
Question: During what year did the Italians invade Libya?
Answer: 1911
Question: Along with the British, who occupied Libya at the end of the Second World War?
Answer: French |
Context: A framework was developed in 1967 by Heinz Kloss, abstand and ausbau languages, to describe speech communities, that while unified politically and/or culturally, include multiple dialects which though closely related genetically may be divergent to the point of inter-dialect unintelligibility.
Question: Who developed the abstand and ausbau languages framework?
Answer: Heinz Kloss
Question: In what year was the abstand and ausbau framework developed?
Answer: 1967
Question: What sort of unification in speech communities did the abstand and ausbau framework discuss?
Answer: politically and/or culturally
Question: In which year did abstand and ausbau develop their framework?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: By who was a framework developed in 1960 for describing speech communities?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Heinz Kloss develop a framework for describing dialects genetically?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who developed a framework for describing dialects genetically?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Heinz Kloss develop a framework for in 1927?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Milena Sterio, American expert of international law, includes the former axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan) and India among the great powers along with the permanent members of the UNSC. She considers Germany, Japan and Italy to be great powers due to their G7 membership and because of their influence in regional and international organizations. Various authors describe Italy as an equal major power, while others view Italy as an "intermittent great power" or as "the least of the great powers".
Question: Milena Sterio includes what former axis powers among great powers?
Answer: Germany, Italy and Japan
Question: What emerging power is considered a great power?
Answer: India
Question: What G7 members are among great powers?
Answer: Germany, Japan and Italy
Question: Which country is debated as intermittent and/or least of great powers?
Answer: Italy
Question: What international organization members are considered great powers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What separate status are Germany, Italy and Japan given by various authors?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What permanent member of the UNSC is considered the least of the great powers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What former axis powers do various authors include as great powers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why does Milena Sterio consider UNSC members great powers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: While other companies were moving on to 32-bit systems, Rare and Nintendo proved that the SNES was still a strong contender in the market. In November 1994, Rare released Donkey Kong Country, a platform game featuring 3D models and textures pre-rendered on SGI workstations. With its detailed graphics, fluid animation and high-quality music, Donkey Kong Country rivaled the aesthetic quality of games that were being released on newer 32-bit CD-based consoles. In the last 45 days of 1994, the game sold 6.1 million units, making it the fastest-selling video game in history to that date. This game sent a message that early 32-bit systems had little to offer over the SNES, and helped make way for the more advanced consoles on the horizon.
Question: Which company developed Donkey Kong Country?
Answer: Rare
Question: When was Donkey Kong Country released?
Answer: November 1994
Question: What kind of computers were Donkey Kong Country's graphics rendered on?
Answer: SGI workstations
Question: How many copies of Donkey Kong Country were sold in its first 45 days?
Answer: 6.1 million
Question: How did Donkey Kong Country's quality compare to games on newer consoles?
Answer: detailed graphics, fluid animation and high-quality music
Question: What was Nintendo moving on to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Nintendo release Donkey Kong Country?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many copies of Donkey Kong Country were sold in November 1994?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the quality of Donkey Cong Country compared to games on Rare consoles?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What message did SGI workstations send to Rare about games?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Raymond B. Bragg, the associate editor of The New Humanist, sought to consolidate the input of Leon Milton Birkhead, Charles Francis Potter, and several members of the Western Unitarian Conference. Bragg asked Roy Wood Sellars to draft a document based on this information which resulted in the publication of the Humanist Manifesto in 1933. Potter's book and the Manifesto became the cornerstones of modern humanism, the latter declaring a new religion by saying, "any religion that can hope to be a synthesising and dynamic force for today must be shaped for the needs of this age. To establish such a religion is a major necessity of the present." It then presented 15 theses of humanism as foundational principles for this new religion.
Question: Who became responsible in part for the editing of The New Humanist?
Answer: Raymond B. Bragg,
Question: What groups thoughts did he seek to include?
Answer: Western Unitarian Conference
Question: What was the name of the material that was produced from this groups and the opinions of others?
Answer: Humanist Manifesto
Question: How many cornerstones of this new way of thinking or religion were presented>
Answer: 15
Question: Who became responsible for the stealing of The New Humanist?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What groups thoughts did he seek to exclude?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the name of the material that was destroyed by this group and the opinions of others?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the Humanist Manifesto lost forever?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Roman Catholicism was the sole established religion in the Holy Roman Empire until the Reformation changed this drastically. In 1517, Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church as he saw it as a corruption of Christian faith. Through this, he altered the course of European and world history and established Protestantism. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe. The war was fought largely as a religious conflict between Protestants and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire.
Question: In what year did Martin Luther challenge the Catholic Church?
Answer: 1517
Question: During what years was the thirty year war?
Answer: 1618–1648
Question: Until the Reformation, what was the established religion in Germany?
Answer: Roman Catholicism
Question: Where was the thirty year war primarily fought?
Answer: Germany
Question: Who was the thirty year war between?
Answer: Protestants and Catholics
Question: What was the sole religion in Europe until the reformation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who challenged the Catholic Church in the 15th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who established Protestantism in the 15th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What religious war was fought in the 16th century?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Greece's rail network is estimated to be at 2,548 km. Rail transport in Greece is operated by TrainOSE, a subsidiary of the Hellenic Railways Organization (OSE). Most of the country's network is standard gauge (1,565 km), while the country also has 983 km of narrow gauge. A total of 764 km of rail are electrified. Greece has rail connections with Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia and Turkey. A total of three suburban railway systems (Proastiakos) are in operation (in Athens, Thessaloniki and Patras), while one metro system is operational in Athens with another under construction.
Question: How long is Greek's rail network estimated to run?
Answer: 2,548 km
Question: Who runs the rail transport in Greece?
Answer: TrainOSE
Question: Who is TrainOSE a subsidiary of?
Answer: the Hellenic Railways Organization
Question: What gauge is most of Greece's railway?
Answer: standard gauge
Question: How many kilometers of Greece's railway is electrified?
Answer: 764
Question: How long is Greek's rail network estimated to be damaged?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who closed the rail transport in Greece?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is TrainOSE an owner of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What gauge is none of Greece's railway?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many kilometers of Greece's railway is gold?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The war had also brought to an end the "Old System" of alliances in Europe, In the years after the war, under the direction of Lord Sandwich, the British did try to re-establish this system. But after her surprising grand success against a coalition of great powers, European states such as Austria, The Dutch Republic, Sweden, Denmark-Norway, Ottoman Empire, and Russia now saw Britain as a greater threat than France and did not join them, while the Prussians were angered by what they considered a British betrayal in 1762. Consequently, when the American War of Independence turned into a global war between 1778–83, Britain found itself opposed by a strong coalition of European powers, and lacking any substantial ally.
Question: What British nobleman attempted to retain European alliances following the Seven Years' War?
Answer: Lord Sandwich
Question: What countries joined Britain as allies?
Answer: lacking any substantial ally
Question: Did the European countries see Britain or France as a greater threat?
Answer: now saw Britain as a greater threat than France
Question: When did the American War of Independence turn into a global conflict?
Answer: 1778–83
Question: What drove Prussia away from renewing its alliance with Britain?
Answer: Prussians were angered by what they considered a British betrayal in 1762 |
Context: Some risk factors for death include age, hemodynamic parameters (such as heart failure, cardiac arrest on admission, systolic blood pressure, or Killip class of two or greater), ST-segment deviation, diabetes, serum creatinine, peripheral vascular disease, and elevation of cardiac markers. Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction may increase the predictive power. Prognosis is worse if a mechanical complication such as papillary muscle or myocardial free wall rupture occurs. Morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction has improved over the years due to better treatment.
Question: How many classes of ST-segmentation are there?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Prognosis improves after what complication?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has decreased over the years?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are some examples of ST-segment deviation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are risk factors called?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Chopin made his last public appearance on a concert platform at London's Guildhall on 16 November 1848, when, in a final patriotic gesture, he played for the benefit of Polish refugees. By this time he was very seriously ill, weighing under 99 pounds (i.e. less than 45 kg), and his doctors were aware that his sickness was at a terminal stage.
Question: When did Chopin last appear in public?
Answer: 16 November 1848
Question: Where was Chopin's last public performance?
Answer: Guildhall
Question: Who were the beneficiaries of his last public concert?
Answer: Polish refugees.
Question: What was the diagnosis of Chopin's health condition at this time?
Answer: terminal
Question: Where was Chopin's last public performance?
Answer: London's Guildhall |
Context: In Hindu mythology, Yama, the god of death owns two watch dogs who have four eyes. They are said to watch over the gates of Naraka. Hunter god Muthappan from North Malabar region of Kerala has a hunting dog as his mount. Dogs are found in and out of the Muthappan Temple and offerings at the shrine take the form of bronze dog figurines.
Question: In Hindu mythology, what do the two dogs who are owned by the god of death watch over?
Answer: the gates of Naraka.
Question: What is the name of the god of death?
Answer: Yama
Question: Offerings at the Muthappan Temple shrine take on what form?
Answer: bronze dog figurines.
Question: Who owns two dogs with four eyes each in Hindu mythology?
Answer: Yama
Question: What do Yama's dogs watch over?
Answer: the gates of Naraka
Question: What does Muthappan use for his hunting dog for?
Answer: mount
Question: Offerings left at the Muthappan Temple shrine take on what form?
Answer: bronze dog figurines |
Context: The first notable, and historically important, book credited to a Bermudian was The History of Mary Prince, a slave narrative by Mary Prince. It is thought to have contributed to the abolition of slavery in the British Empire. Ernest Graham Ingham, an expatriate author, published his books at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 20th century, numerous books were written and published locally, though few were directed at a wider market than Bermuda. (The latter consisted primarily of scholarly works rather than creative writing). The novelist Brian Burland (1931– 2010) achieved a degree of success and acclaim internationally. More recently, Angela Barry has won critical recognition for her published fiction.
Question: What historical significance can the book The History of Mary Prince claim?
Answer: The first notable, and historically important, book credited to a Bermudian
Question: What contribution to history is it believed the History of Mary Prince made?
Answer: thought to have contributed to the abolition of slavery in the British Empire
Question: The majority of books published by local authors were of what nature?
Answer: scholarly
Question: Which local author most recently enjoyed success for published works of fiction?
Answer: Angela Barry
Question: What was the first book credited to a Bermudian?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who wrote The History of Prince Mary?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is thought to have contributed to the abolition of slavery in Bermuda?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Graham Ernest Ingham publish books?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: During what years did Angela Barry live?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Popper had his own sophisticated views on evolution that go much beyond what the frequently-quoted passages say. In effect, Popper agreed with some of the points of both creationists and naturalists, but also disagreed with both views on crucial aspects. Popper understood the universe as a creative entity that invents new things, including life, but without the necessity of something like a god, especially not one who is pulling strings from behind the curtain. He said that evolution must, as the creationists say, work in a goal-directed way but disagreed with their view that it must necessarily be the hand of god that imposes these goals onto the stage of life.
Question: Along with some creationists, Popper believed that evolution must have what quality to its progress?
Answer: goal-directed
Question: Popper disagreed with creationists that whose hand must be directing evolution?
Answer: god
Question: What kind of an entity did Popper believe the universe to be?
Answer: creative
Question: What did Popper not have sophisticated views on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Darwin understand the universe as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who thought that the universe necessitated a god?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What didn't go beyond what the frequently-quoted passages said?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who thought that evolution did not work in a goal-directed way?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The analysis of HLA antigens has also helped clarify the possible background of the Somali people, as the distribution of haplotype frequencies vary among population groups. According to Mohamoud et al. (2006):
Question: In what year did Mahamoud publish his research?
Answer: 2006 |
Context: Common energy forms include the kinetic energy of a moving object, the potential energy stored by an object's position in a force field (gravitational, electric or magnetic), the elastic energy stored by stretching solid objects, the chemical energy released when a fuel burns, the radiant energy carried by light, and the thermal energy due to an object's temperature. All of the many forms of energy are convertible to other kinds of energy. In Newtonian physics, there is a universal law of conservation of energy which says that energy can be neither created nor be destroyed; however, it can change from one form to another.
Question: Common energy forms include what?
Answer: kinetic energy of a moving object
Question: In Newtonian physics, there is a universal law that says energy can be neither created nor what?
Answer: destroyed
Question: What law states, in part, that energy can change from one form to another?
Answer: Newtonian physics
Question: What does uncommon energy forms include?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: gravitational energy is stored by stretching what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: physical energy is released when what burns?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: thermal energy gets carried by what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the universal law say in Plutonium physics?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: North of the Historic Center, Azcapotzalco and Gustavo A. Madero have important industrial centers and neighborhoods that range from established middle-class colonias such as Claveria and Lindavista to huge low-income housing areas that share hillsides with adjacent municipalities in the State of Mexico. In recent years much of northern Mexico City's industry has moved to nearby municipalities in the State of Mexico. Northwest of Mexico City itself is Ciudad Satélite, a vast middle to upper-middle-class residential and business area.
Question: Where is much of the industry now located?
Answer: nearby municipalities in the State of Mexico
Question: What is Ciudad Satelite?
Answer: a vast middle to upper-middle-class residential and business area.
Question: Where is Gustavo A. Madero?
Answer: North of the Historic Center |
Context: Behavior that may be optimal for an individual (e.g., saving more during adverse economic conditions) can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior, as ultimately one person's consumption is another person's income. Too many consumers attempting to save (or pay down debt) simultaneously is called the paradox of thrift and can cause or deepen a recession. Economist Hyman Minsky also described a "paradox of deleveraging" as financial institutions that have too much leverage (debt relative to equity) cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without significant declines in the value of their assets.
Question: What is an example of something that can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior?
Answer: saving more during adverse economic conditions
Question: What is it called when too many consumers attempt to save or pay down debt at the same time?
Answer: paradox of thrift
Question: What will happen if too many consumers save or pay down debt simultaneously?
Answer: can cause or deepen a recession
Question: Who is the economist who described a "paradox of deleveraging"?
Answer: Hyman Minsky
Question: Financial institutions cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without a decline in the value of this?
Answer: their assets |
Context: Stephen Hawking and co-author Leonard Mlodinow state in their book, The Grand Design, that it is reasonable to ask who or what created the universe, but if the answer is God, then the question has merely been deflected to that of who created God. Both authors claim however, that it is possible to answer these questions purely within the realm of science, and without invoking any divine beings. Neuroscientist Michael Nikoletseas has proposed that questions of the existence of God are no different from questions of natural sciences. Following a biological comparative approach, he concludes that it is highly probable that God exists, and, although not visible, it is possible that we know some of his attributes.
Question: What does Stephen Hawking and Leonard Mlodinow pose as a better question that "Is there a God"?
Answer: who created God
Question: Who wrote The Grand Design?
Answer: Stephen Hawking and co-author Leonard Mlodinow
Question: What is Michael Nikoletseas profession?
Answer: Neuroscientist
Question: How do Hawking and Mlodinow believe the question of God can be answered?
Answer: purely within the realm of science
Question: What is the name of Stephen Hawking's book?
Answer: The Grand Design
Question: Who was Hawking's co-author?
Answer: Leonard Mlodinow
Question: Who says the that whether there is or isn't a God are just like questions in natural science?
Answer: Michael Nikoletseas
Question: What is the name of the book by Michael Nikoletseas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Stephen Hawking think we can know about God?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Leonard Mlodinow's profession?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Michael Nikoletseas state in his book if God created the universe?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do both authors believe about God if you take a biological comparative approach?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The '98 season would begin on a somber note with the death of legendary broadcaster Harry Caray. After the retirement of Sandberg and the trade of Dunston, the Cubs had holes to fill and the signing of Henry Rodríguez, known affectionately as "H-Rod" to bat cleanup provided protection for Sammy Sosa in the lineup, as Rodriguez slugged 31 round-trippers in his first season in Chicago. Kevin Tapani led the club with a career high 19 wins, Rod Beck anchored a strong bullpen and Mark Grace turned in one of his best seasons. The Cubs were swamped by media attention in 1998, and the team's two biggest headliners were Sosa and rookie flamethrower Kerry Wood. Wood's signature performance was one-hitting the Houston Astros, a game in which he tied the major league record of 20 strikeouts in nine innings. His torrid strikeout numbers earned Wood the nickname "Kid K," and ultimately earned him the 1998 NL Rookie of the Year award. Sosa caught fire in June, hitting a major league record 20 home runs in the month, and his home run race with Cardinals slugger Mark McGwire transformed the pair into international superstars in a matter of weeks. McGwire finished the season with a new major league record of 70 home runs, but Sosa's .308 average and 66 homers earned him the National League MVP Award. After a down-to-the-wire Wild Card chase with the San Francisco Giants, Chicago and San Francisco ended the regular season tied, and thus squared off in a one-game playoff at Wrigley Field in which third baseman Gary Gaetti hit the eventual game winning homer. The win propelled the Cubs into the postseason once again with a 90–73 regular season tally. Unfortunately, the bats went cold in October, as manager Jim Riggleman's club batted .183 and scored only four runs en route to being swept by Atlanta. On a positive note, the home run chase between Sosa, McGwire and Ken Griffey, Jr. helped professional baseball to bring in a new crop of fans as well as bringing back some fans who had been disillusioned by the 1994 strike. The Cubs retained many players who experienced career years in '98, and after a fast start in 1999, they collapsed again (starting with being swept at the hands of the cross-town White Sox in mid-June) and finished in the bottom of the division for the next two seasons.
Question: What legendary broadcaster died in the '98 season?
Answer: Harry Caray
Question: Who was affectionately known as "H-Rod"?
Answer: Henry Rodríguez
Question: How many round-trippers did Rodriguez slug in his first season in Chicago?
Answer: 31 |
Context: Protestantism spread in Europe during the 16th century. Lutheranism spread from Germany into its surrounding areas,[c] Denmark,[d] Norway,[e] Sweden,[f] Finland,[g] Prussia,[h] Latvia,[i], Estonia,[j] and Iceland,[k] as well as other smaller territories. Reformed churches were founded primarily in Germany and its adjacent regions,[l] Hungary,[m] the Netherlands,[n] Scotland,[o] Switzerland,[p] and France[q] by such reformers as John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox. Arminianism[r] gained supporters in the Netherlands and parts of Germany. In 1534, King Henry VIII put an end to all papal jurisdiction in England[s] after the Pope failed to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon; this opened the door to reformational ideas, notably during the following reign of Edward VI, through Thomas Cranmer, Richard Hooker, Matthew Parker and other theologians. There were also reformational efforts throughout continental Europe known as the Radical Reformation—a response to perceived corruption in both the Roman Catholic Church and the expanding Magisterial Reformation led by Luther and various other reformers—which gave rise to Anabaptist, Moravian, and other Pietistic movements. In later centuries, Protestants developed their own culture, which made major contributions in education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy and the arts, and other fields.
Question: Where did Lutheranism begin?
Answer: Germany
Question: Name three early Protestant reformers.
Answer: John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox
Question: Where did Arminianism take hold?
Answer: the Netherlands and parts of Germany
Question: Who ended Catholic supremecy in England?
Answer: King Henry VIII
Question: Who made large contributions in the sciences in latter centuries?
Answer: Protestants |
Context: The ammunition and shells fired by these weapons are usually fitted with different types of fuses (barometric, time-delay, or proximity) to explode close to the airborne target, releasing a shower of fast metal fragments. For shorter-range work, a lighter weapon with a higher rate of fire is required, to increase a hit probability on a fast airborne target. Weapons between 20 mm and 40 mm caliber have been widely used in this role. Smaller weapons, typically .50 caliber or even 8 mm rifle caliber guns have been used in the smallest mounts.
Question: What are two types of fuses used for shells?
Answer: barometric, time-delay, or proximity
Question: At shorter ranges a light weapon with what is used on fast targets?
Answer: a higher rate of fire
Question: What size of weapon calibers are better hitting at short range fast targets?
Answer: between 20 mm and 40 mm caliber
Question: Smaller .50 caliber and 8 millimeter guns have been used in what?
Answer: smallest mounts |
Context: Genes are regulated so that they are expressed only when the product is needed, since expression draws on limited resources.:7 A cell regulates its gene expression depending on its external environment (e.g. available nutrients, temperature and other stresses), its internal environment (e.g. cell division cycle, metabolism, infection status), and its specific role if in a multicellular organism. Gene expression can be regulated at any step: from transcriptional initiation, to RNA processing, to post-translational modification of the protein. The regulation of lactose metabolism genes in E. coli (lac operon) was the first such mechanism to be described in 1961.
Question: When are genes expressed?
Answer: only when the product is needed
Question: What are examples of a cell's external environment?
Answer: available nutrients, temperature and other stresses
Question: What are examples of a cell's internal environment?
Answer: cell division cycle, metabolism, infection status
Question: At which step can gene expression be regulated?
Answer: at any step
Question: What example of post-translational modification of a protein was first described in 1961?
Answer: The regulation of lactose metabolism genes in E. coli |
Context: Cask-conditioned ales (or cask ales) are unfiltered and unpasteurised beers. These beers are termed "real ale" by the CAMRA organisation. Typically, when a cask arrives in a pub, it is placed horizontally on a frame called a "stillage" which is designed to hold it steady and at the right angle, and then allowed to cool to cellar temperature (typically between 11–13 °C or 52–55 °F), before being tapped and vented—a tap is driven through a (usually rubber) bung at the bottom of one end, and a hard spile or other implement is used to open a hole in the side of the cask, which is now uppermost. The act of stillaging and then venting a beer in this manner typically disturbs all the sediment, so it must be left for a suitable period to "drop" (clear) again, as well as to fully condition—this period can take anywhere from several hours to several days. At this point the beer is ready to sell, either being pulled through a beer line with a hand pump, or simply being "gravity-fed" directly into the glass.
Question: What would you call a beer that has not been filtered or pasteurized?
Answer: Cask-conditioned ales
Question: What would you call a frame that holds the cask of beer horizontally when it arrives at the pub?
Answer: stillage
Question: What temperature are cask ales stored at before being tapped?
Answer: 52–55 °F
Question: How long does it take for sediment to settle and clear after a cask ale has been tapped?
Answer: from several hours to several days
Question: What tool is used to pull beer from a cask to serve?
Answer: a hand pump
Question: What are cask ales termed by the CARMA organisation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cools at a temperature of 11-13 degrees F?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What cools at a temperature of 52-55 degrees C?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What takes beer several hours to do after being tapped and vented?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: As aristocrats for centuries, samurai developed their own cultures that influenced Japanese culture as a whole. The culture associated with the samurai such as the tea ceremony, monochrome ink painting, rock gardens and poetry were adopted by warrior patrons throughout the centuries 1200–1600. These practices were adapted from the Chinese arts. Zen monks introduced them to Japan and they were allowed to flourish due to the interest of powerful warrior elites. Musō Soseki (1275–1351) was a Zen monk who was advisor to both Emperor Go-Daigo and General Ashikaga Takauji (1304–58). Musō, as well as other monks, acted as political and cultural diplomat between Japan and China. Musō was particularly well known for his garden design. Another Ashikaga patron of the arts was Yoshimasa. His cultural advisor, the Zen monk Zeami, introduced tea ceremony to him. Previously, tea had been used primarily for Buddhist monks to stay awake during meditation.
Question: Whose culture included tea ceremonies?
Answer: samurai
Question: What kind of painting did samurai do?
Answer: monochrome ink
Question: What was Japanese culture influenced by?
Answer: Chinese arts
Question: Who brought Chinese arts to Japan?
Answer: Zen monks
Question: When was Muso Soseki born?
Answer: 1275 |
Context: They invented and developed arithmetic by using several different number systems including a mixed radix system with an alternating base 10 and base 6. This sexagesimal system became the standard number system in Sumer and Babylonia. They may have invented military formations and introduced the basic divisions between infantry, cavalry, and archers. They developed the first known codified legal and administrative systems, complete with courts, jails, and government records. The first true city-states arose in Sumer, roughly contemporaneously with similar entities in what are now Syria and Lebanon. Several centuries after the invention of cuneiform, the use of writing expanded beyond debt/payment certificates and inventory lists to be applied for the first time, about 2600 BC, to messages and mail delivery, history, legend, mathematics, astronomical records, and other pursuits. Conjointly with the spread of writing, the first formal schools were established, usually under the auspices of a city-state's primary temple.
Question: Sumerians used number systems which included what alternating bases?
Answer: base 10 and base 6
Question: What type of number system was standard in Sumer and Babylonia?
Answer: sexagesimal
Question: What type of formations is it possible Sumerians invented?
Answer: military
Question: What systems did the Sumerians develop which remain the first known these types to this day?
Answer: legal and administrative
Question: In Sumerian society, who oversaw the operation of the first formal schools?
Answer: a city-state's primary temple
Question: What system did Sumerians borrow from Babylonia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was being used for private purposes well before the 26th century BC?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What learning centers were established the temples?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who made the first laws?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets and the western front with the Allies. The British wanted Berlin, but Eisenhower decided it would be a military mistake for him to attack Berlin, and said orders to that effect would have to be explicit. The British backed down, but then wanted Eisenhower to move into Czechoslovakia for political reasons. Washington refused to support Churchill's plan to use Eisenhower's army for political maneuvers against Moscow. The actual division of Germany followed the lines that Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin had previously agreed upon. The Soviet Red Army captured Berlin in a very large-scale bloody battle, and the Germans finally surrendered on May 7, 1945.
Question: When did the Battle of the Bulge begin?
Answer: December 1944
Question: What German city did the British wish to conquer?
Answer: Berlin
Question: Along with Roosevelt and Churchill, what political leader decided upon the division of Germany?
Answer: Stalin
Question: What nation's military conquered Berlin?
Answer: Soviet
Question: What date saw the surrender of Nazi Germany?
Answer: May 7, 1945 |
Context: Vietnam: The event was held in Ho Chi Minh City on April 29. Some 60 torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium near Tan Son Nhat International Airport along an undisclosed route. Vietnam is involved in a territorial dispute with China (and other countries) for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands; tensions have risen recently[when?] following reports that the Chinese government had established a county-level city named Sansha in the disputed territories, resulting in anti-Chinese demonstrations in December 2007 in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. However to sustain its relationship with China the Vietnamese government has actively sought to head off protests during the torch relay, with Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng warning government agencies that "hostile forces" may try to disrupt the torch relay.
Question: When did the torch arrive in Vietnam?
Answer: April 29
Question: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?
Answer: Ho Chi Minh City
Question: How many torchbearers carried the torch in Vietnam?
Answer: 60
Question: Where did the torch event begin in Vietnam?
Answer: the downtown Opera House
Question: Where did the torch event end?
Answer: the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium
Question: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?
Answer: Ho Chi Minh City.
Question: What areas are involved in the dispute between Vietnam and China?
Answer: the Spratly and Paracel Islands
Question: The Chinese government established what city in this disputed area?
Answer: Sansha
Question: As a result, demonstrations were held in what two cities in December 2007?
Answer: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
Question: Who was the Prime Minister of Vietnam?
Answer: Nguyễn Tấn Dũng |
Context: During encoding, 576 time-domain samples are taken and are transformed to 576 frequency-domain samples.[clarification needed] If there is a transient, 192 samples are taken instead of 576. This is done to limit the temporal spread of quantization noise accompanying the transient. (See psychoacoustics.)
Question: How many domain samples are taken during encoding?
Answer: 576
Question: Domain samples are transformed into what?
Answer: frequency-domain samples
Question: When are 192 samples taken instead of 576?
Answer: there is a transient
Question: When 192 samples are taken instead of 576, it is done in an effort to limit what?
Answer: temporal spread
Question: What accompanies a transient?
Answer: quantization noise |
Context: The Second Sino-Japanese War was soon followed by the resumed Chinese Civil War, and the cities of East China fell to the Communists one after another, the Kuomintang government again tried to make Sichuan its stronghold on the mainland, although it already saw some Communist activity since it was one area on the road of the Long March. Chiang Kai-Shek himself flew to Chongqing from Taiwan in November 1949 to lead the defense. But the same month Chongqing fell to the Communists, followed by Chengdu on 10 December. The Kuomintang general Wang Sheng wanted to stay behind with his troops to continue anticommunist guerilla war in Sichuan, but was recalled to Taiwan. Many of his soldiers made their way there as well, via Burma.
Question: What group was the main antagonist during the Chinese Civil War?
Answer: the Communists
Question: Who led the defense of Chongqing in November 1949?
Answer: Chiang Kai-Shek
Question: On what date in 1949 did Chengdu fall to the communists?
Answer: 10 December
Question: Why did Sichuan see some communist activity?
Answer: it was one area on the road of the Long March
Question: What resumed after the First Sino-Japanese War?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happened to the cities of west China?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What government fled sichuan again?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who flew from Chongqing to Tawian to lead the defense in 1949?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What other city fell following the fall of Chendu?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group was the on the defense during the Chinese Civil War?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who led the defense of Burma in November 1949?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what date in 1949 did Changdu fall to Chiang Kai-Shek?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did Sichuan see some strongholds on the mainland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which government tried to make Burma its stronghold?
Answer: Unanswerable |
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