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Context: A synchronous electric motor is an AC motor distinguished by a rotor spinning with coils passing magnets at the same rate as the AC and resulting magnetic field which drives it. Another way of saying this is that it has zero slip under usual operating conditions. Contrast this with an induction motor, which must slip to produce torque. One type of synchronous motor is like an induction motor except the rotor is excited by a DC field. Slip rings and brushes are used to conduct current to the rotor. The rotor poles connect to each other and move at the same speed hence the name synchronous motor. Another type, for low load torque, has flats ground onto a conventional squirrel-cage rotor to create discrete poles. Yet another, such as made by Hammond for its pre-World War II clocks, and in the older Hammond organs, has no rotor windings and discrete poles. It is not self-starting. The clock requires manual starting by a small knob on the back, while the older Hammond organs had an auxiliary starting motor connected by a spring-loaded manually operated switch. Question: How much slip does a synchronous motor have? Answer: zero Question: How does an induction motor produce torque? Answer: slip Question: Whithout rotor windings, how must a Hammond clock be started? Answer: manually Question: How can a synchronous motor be made more like an induction motor? Answer: DC field Question: How is current brought to the rotor in a synchronous motor? Answer: Slip rings and brushes Question: How much slip does a non-synchronous motor have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How doesn't an induction motor produce torque? Answer: Unanswerable Question: With rotor windings, how must a Hammond clock be started? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How can a synchronous motor be made less like an induction motor? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How isn't current brought to the rotor in a synchronous motor? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (/ˈaɪzənˌhaʊ.ər/ EYE-zən-HOW-ər; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American politician and general who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961. He was a five-star general in the United States Army during World War II and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western Front. In 1951, he became the first Supreme Commander of NATO. Question: What was Eisenhower's nickname? Answer: Ike Question: What was the middle name of Dwight Eisenhower? Answer: David Question: In what year did Eisenhower's presidency begin? Answer: 1953 Question: During the Second World War, what was the highest position (not rank) Eisenhower achieved? Answer: Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe Question: What was the name of the North African invasion Eisenhower oversaw? Answer: Operation Torch
Context: On 3 May 1505 King Alexander I Jagiellon granted the Act of "Nihil novi nisi commune consensu" (Latin: "I accept nothing new except by common consent"). This forbade the king to pass any new law without the consent of the representatives of the nobility, in Sejm and Senat assembled, and thus greatly strengthened the nobility's political position. Basically, this act transferred legislative power from the king to the Sejm. This date commonly marks the beginning of the First Rzeczpospolita, the period of a szlachta-run "Commonwealth". Question: When did the Act of "Nihil novi nisi commune consensu" happen? Answer: 3 May 1505 Question: Who granted the act Act of "Nihil novi nisi commune consensu"? Answer: King Alexander I Jagiellon Question: What did The Act of "Nihil novi nisi commune consensu" Do Answer: forbade the king to pass any new law without the consent of the representatives of the nobility Question: What happened to the notabilities political position? Answer: greatly strengthened Question: What has happened to the legislative power? Answer: legislative power from the king to the Sejm.
Context: The George Washington Bridge is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge, connecting Manhattan to Bergen County, New Jersey. The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas and one of the world's longest. The Brooklyn Bridge is an icon of the city itself. The towers of the Brooklyn Bridge are built of limestone, granite, and Rosendale cement, and their architectural style is neo-Gothic, with characteristic pointed arches above the passageways through the stone towers. This bridge was also the longest suspension bridge in the world from its opening until 1903, and is the first steel-wire suspension bridge. Question: Which bridge in NYC is the busiest in the world? Answer: The George Washington Bridge Question: The biggest suspension bridge in the US is what? Answer: The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge Question: The bridge made with steel-wire is which in NYC? Answer: The Brooklyn Bridge Question: The Brooklyn Bridge was the worlds largest until what date? Answer: 1903 Question: What is the busiest bridge for cars in the world? Answer: George Washington Bridge Question: Starting in Manhattan, the George Washington Bridge terminates in what New Jersey county? Answer: Bergen Question: What is the longest suspension bridge in the United States? Answer: Verrazano-Narrows Bridge Question: What style of architecture was used to design the Brooklyn Bridge? Answer: neo-Gothic Question: In what year did the Brooklyn Bridge cease to be the world's longest suspension bridge? Answer: 1903
Context: There is no easy way to determine when clothing was first developed, but some information has been inferred by studying lice. The body louse specifically lives in clothing, and diverge from head lice about 107,000 years ago, suggesting that clothing existed at that time. Another theory is that modern humans are the only survivors of several species of primates who may have worn clothes and that clothing may have been used as long ago as 650 thousand years ago. Other louse-based estimates put the introduction of clothing at around 42,000–72,000 BP. Question: What isn't it easy to determine about clothing? Answer: when clothing was first developed Question: What organism has provided some information about the timeline of clothing? Answer: lice Question: What habitat is the body louse specific to? Answer: clothing Question: What may modern humans be the only survivor of several species of? Answer: primates Question: How many thousands of years ago may have clothing been worn? Answer: 650 Question: What is easy to determine about clothing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Please have provided some information about what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What habitat is the head louse is specific to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Headlights diverge from body lice how long ago? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Humans are the only primates who may have what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: After the Kangxi Emperor's death in the winter of 1722, his fourth son, Prince Yong (雍親王), became the Yongzheng Emperor. In the later years of Kangxi's reign, Yongzheng and his brothers had fought, and there were rumours that he had usurped the throne(most of the rumours believe that Yongzheng's brother Yingzhen (Kangxi's 14th son) is the real successor of Kangxi Emperor, the reason why Yingzhen failed to sit on the throne is because Yongzheng and his confidant Keduo Long tampered the content of Kangxi's testament at the night when Kangxi passed away), a charge for which there is little evidence. In fact, his father had trusted him with delicate political issues and discussed state policy with him. When Yongzheng came to power at the age of 45, he felt a sense of urgency about the problems which had accumulated in his father's later years and did not need instruction in how to exercise power. In the words of one recent historian, he was "severe, suspicious, and jealous, but extremely capable and resourceful," and in the words of another, turned out to be an "early modern state-maker of the first order." Question: When did Kangxi die? Answer: 1722 Question: Who took Kangxi's place? Answer: Prince Yong Question: How old was Yongzheng when he took over? Answer: 45
Context: In Asian countries such as China, Korea, and Japan, dogs are viewed as kind protectors. The role of the dog in Chinese mythology includes a position as one of the twelve animals which cyclically represent years (the zodiacal dog). Question: Three Asian countries see dogs as what? Answer: kind protectors. Question: What country has the dog as part of its 12 animals that represent years? Answer: China Question: How are dogs viewed in Asian countries? Answer: as kind protectors
Context: At the beginning of the 19th century the Ottoman Empire included all of the Balkan Peninsula north to the southern edge of the Hungarian Plain, but by 1914 had lost all of it except Constantinople and Eastern Thrace to the rise of Balkan nationalism, which saw the independence of Greece, Serbia, the Danubian Principalities and Bulgaria. Up until 1912 the Ottomans retained a band of territory including Albania, Macedonia and Thrace, which were lost in the two Balkan Wars of 1912–13. Question: What empire included all of the Balkan Peninsula north to the southern edge of the Hungarian Plain at the beginning of the 19th century? Answer: the Ottoman Empire Question: When did the Ottoman Empire lose all of it's empire except Constantinople and Eastern Thrace? Answer: 1914 Question: The rise of what saw the independence of Greece, Serbia, the Danubian Principalities and Bulgaria? Answer: the rise of Balkan nationalism Question: Until what year did the Ottomans retain a band of territory including Albania, Macedonia and Thrace? Answer: 1912 Question: When did the Ottomans lose the territory of Albania, Macedonia and Thrace? Answer: the two Balkan Wars of 1912–13
Context: Although Tristan da Cunha shares the +290 code with St Helena, residents have access to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Telecommunications Network, provided by Global Crossing. This uses a London 020 numbering range, meaning that numbers are accessed via the UK telephone numbering plan. From 1998 to 2006, internet was available in Tristan da Cunha but its high cost made it almost unaffordable for the local population, who primarily used it only to send email. The connection was also extremely unreliable, connecting through a 64 kbit/s satellite phone connection provided by Inmarsat. From 2006, a very-small-aperture terminal provides 3072 kbit/s of publicly accessible bandwidth via an internet cafe. Question: From when was there a low cost, high speed internet available on the island? Answer: Unanswerable Question: With who does St. Helena share the 3072 code? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who provides the Global Crossing Network? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who does Tristan Da Cunha share Global Crossing codes with? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the 12th and 13th centuries, Europe produced economic growth and innovations in methods of production. Major technological advances included the invention of the windmill, the first mechanical clocks, the manufacture of distilled spirits, and the use of the astrolabe. Concave spectacles were invented around 1286 by an unknown Italian artisan, probably working in or near Pisa. Question: Along with the astrolabe, windmill and distilled spirits, what was a notable technological advancement of the 12th and 13th centuries? Answer: mechanical clocks Question: What was invented in approximately 1286? Answer: Concave spectacles Question: Near what city were concave spectacles invented? Answer: Pisa
Context: The assertion that the Cubist depiction of space, mass, time, and volume supports (rather than contradicts) the flatness of the canvas was made by Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler as early as 1920, but it was subject to criticism in the 1950s and 1960s, especially by Clement Greenberg. Contemporary views of Cubism are complex, formed to some extent in response to the "Salle 41" Cubists, whose methods were too distinct from those of Picasso and Braque to be considered merely secondary to them. Alternative interpretations of Cubism have therefore developed. Wider views of Cubism include artists who were later associated with the "Salle 41" artists, e.g., Francis Picabia; the brothers Jacques Villon, Raymond Duchamp-Villon and Marcel Duchamp, who beginning in late 1911 formed the core of the Section d'Or (or the Puteaux Group); the sculptors Alexander Archipenko, Joseph Csaky and Ossip Zadkine as well as Jacques Lipchitz and Henri Laurens; and painters such as Louis Marcoussis, Roger de La Fresnaye, František Kupka, Diego Rivera, Léopold Survage, Auguste Herbin, André Lhote, Gino Severini (after 1916), María Blanchard (after 1916) and Georges Valmier (after 1918). More fundamentally, Christopher Green argues that Douglas Cooper's terms were "later undermined by interpretations of the work of Picasso, Braque, Gris and Léger that stress iconographic and ideological questions rather than methods of representation." Question: Who asserted that the flat canvas supported Cubism? Answer: Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler Question: In what year was the assertion made that the flat canvas supported Cubism? Answer: early as 1920 Question: When was the assertion that the flat canvas supported Cubism put into debate? Answer: 1950s and 1960s, Question: Who was the main opponent that began to argue that the flat canvas did not support Cubism? Answer: Clement Greenberg. Question: Who's work undermined Douglass Coopers terms describing Cubism? Answer: Picasso, Braque, Gris and Léger Question: Who disagreed that the flat canvas supported Cubism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the assertion made that the flat canvas did not support Cubism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the assertion that the flat canvas did not support Cubism put into debate? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the main opponent that began to agree that the flat canvas did not support Cubism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who's work undermined Douglass Coopers terms in not describing Cubism? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Windows RT, the only edition of Windows 8 for systems with ARM processors, only supports applications included with the system (such as a special version of Office 2013), supplied through Windows Update, or Windows Store apps, to ensure that the system only runs applications that are optimized for the architecture. Windows RT does not support running IA-32 or x64 applications. Windows Store apps can either support both the x86 and ARM architectures, or compiled to support a specific architecture. Question: What Windows version is compatible with ARM processors? Answer: Windows RT Question: What apps work on Windows RT? Answer: only supports applications included with the system Question: Why does Windows RT only work with apps included with the system? Answer: to ensure that the system only runs applications that are optimized for the architecture Question: What Windows version is incompatible with ARM processors? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Windows version is compatible with AMR processors? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What apps don't work on Windows RT? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What apps work on Windows TR? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why does Windows RT only work with apps excluded with the system? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The earliest reference to the Magadha people occurs in the Atharva-Veda where they are found listed along with the Angas, Gandharis, and Mujavats. Magadha played an important role in the development of Jainism and Buddhism, and two of India's greatest empires, the Maurya Empire and Gupta Empire, originated from Magadha. These empires saw advancements in ancient India's science, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy and were considered the Indian "Golden Age". The Magadha kingdom included republican communities such as the community of Rajakumara. Villages had their own assemblies under their local chiefs called Gramakas. Their administrations were divided into executive, judicial, and military functions. Question: Where is the earliest mention of Magadha people? Answer: Atharva-Veda Question: In the development of which religions did Magadha participate? Answer: Jainism and Buddhism Question: Where was the location origin of the Maurya and Gupta empires? Answer: Magadha Question: Due to advances in science and culture, what are the Magadha region empires considered to represent? Answer: Golden Age Question: What were local villages' assemblies called in the Magadha kingdoms? Answer: Gramakas
Context: Eisenhower retired to the place where he and Mamie had spent much of their post-war time, a working farm adjacent to the battlefield at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, only 70 miles from his ancestral home in Elizabethville, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania. In 1967 the Eisenhowers donated the farm to the National Park Service. In retirement, the former president did not completely retreat from political life; he spoke at the 1964 Republican National Convention and appeared with Barry Goldwater in a Republican campaign commercial from Gettysburg. However, his endorsement came somewhat reluctantly because Goldwater had attacked the former president as "a dime-store New Dealer". Question: What town did Eisenhower retire to after his presidency? Answer: Gettysburg Question: What Pennsylvania county did Eisenhower grow up in? Answer: Dauphin Question: Who did Eisenhower donate his farm to in 1967? Answer: National Park Service Question: Who was the Republican presidential candidate in 1964? Answer: Barry Goldwater Question: What did Barry Goldwater call Eisenhower? Answer: dime-store New Dealer
Context: ^1 Also considered part of Rusyns ^2 Considered transitional between Ukrainians and Belarusians ^3 The ethnic affiliation of the Lemkos has become an ideological conflict. It has been alleged that among the Lemkos the idea of "Carpatho-Ruthenian" nation is supported only by Lemkos residing in Transcarpathia and abroad ^4 Most inhabitants of historic Moravia considered themselves as Czechs but significant amount declared their Moravian nationality, different from that Czech (although people from Bohemia and Moravia use the same official language). ^5 Also considered Poles. ^6 There are sources that show Silesians as part of the Poles. Parts of the southmost population of Upper Silesia is sometimes considered Czech (controversial). Question: Ethnic affiliation of who has become an ideological conflict? Answer: the Lemkos Question: The idea of "Carpatho-Ruthenian" nation is supported only by Lemkos residing where? Answer: Transcarpathia and abroad Question: Most inhabitants of historic Moravia considered themselves as what? Answer: Czechs Question: What group is considered part of the Poles? Answer: Silesians Question: What is the ethnic affiliation of the Rusyns considered? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do the Ukrainians in Transcarpathia support? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do people from Bohemia and Silesia use that is the same? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are Moravians considered part of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are parts of the Upper Moravia sometimes considered? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Another major addition to the city's museum scene is the Museum of Remembrance and Tolerance (Museo de la Memoria y Tolerancia), inaugurated in early 2011. The brainchild of two young Mexican women as a Holocaust museum, the idea morphed into a unique museum dedicated to showcasing all major historical events of discrimination and genocide. Permanent exhibits include those on the Holocaust and other large-scale atrocities. It also houses temporary exhibits; one on Tibet was inaugurated by the Dalai Lama in September 2011. Question: When did the Museum of Remembrance and Tolerance open? Answer: 2011 Question: What main event inspired the Museum of Remembrance and Tolerance? Answer: Holocaust Question: The exhibit inaugurated by the Dalai Lama opened when? Answer: September 2011 Question: What is the main subject of the Museum of Remembrance and Tolerance? Answer: discrimination and genocide
Context: In an effort to demonstrate peaceful intentions toward Germany, on 13 April 1941, the Soviets signed a neutrality pact with Axis power Japan. While Stalin had little faith in Japan's commitment to neutrality, he felt that the pact was important for its political symbolism, to reinforce a public affection for Germany. Stalin felt that there was a growing split in German circles about whether Germany should initiate a war with the Soviet Union. Stalin did not know that Hitler had been secretly discussing an invasion of the Soviet Union since summer 1940, and that Hitler had ordered his military in late 1940 to prepare for war in the east regardless of the parties' talks of a potential Soviet entry as a fourth Axis Power. Question: Who was planning an invasion of the Soviet Union? Answer: Hitler Question: Who did the Soviet Union agree to remain neutral with when they signed a treaty on the 13th of April? Answer: Japan Question: Why did Stalin sign the pact? Answer: reinforce a public affection for Germany Question: Who wasn't planning an invasion of the Soviet Union? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was openly planning an invasion of the Soviet Union? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did the Soviet Union disagree to remain neutral with when they signed a treaty on the 13th of April? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did the Soviet Union agree to remain neutral with when they rejected a treaty on the 13th of April? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why didn't Stalin sign the pact? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In an effort to discourage Japanese militarism, Western powers including Australia, the United States, Britain, and the Dutch government in exile, which controlled the petroleum-rich Dutch East Indies, stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan, denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities in China and French Indochina. In Japan, the government and nationalists viewed these embargos as acts of aggression; imported oil made up about 80% of domestic consumption, without which Japan's economy, let alone its military, would grind to a halt. The Japanese media, influenced by military propagandists,[nb 10] began to refer to the embargoes as the "ABCD ("American-British-Chinese-Dutch") encirclement" or "ABCD line". Question: What did The West do to disuade Japan in China and French Indochina? Answer: stopped selling oil, iron ore, and steel to Japan Question: Why was denying supplies important to the western countries? Answer: denying it the raw materials needed to continue its activities Question: What were these embargoes called by the Japanese media? Answer: "ABCD ("American-British-Chinese-Dutch") Question: Why did Western powers stop selling resources to Japan? Answer: to discourage Japanese militarism Question: How did Japan view Western embargos? Answer: as acts of aggression Question: What percent of oil made up Japan's domestic consumption? Answer: about 80% Question: What did the Japanese media refer to the embargoes as? Answer: "ABCD line"
Context: Even interpreting the hydrogen data (including safety data) is confounded by a number of phenomena. Many physical and chemical properties of hydrogen depend on the parahydrogen/orthohydrogen ratio (it often takes days or weeks at a given temperature to reach the equilibrium ratio, for which the data is usually given). Hydrogen detonation parameters, such as critical detonation pressure and temperature, strongly depend on the container geometry. Question: What do physical and chemical properties of hydrogen depend on? Answer: the parahydrogen/orthohydrogen ratio Question: How long can it take to reach the equilibrium ratio? Answer: days or weeks Question: What do Hydrogen detonation parameters depend on? Answer: container geometry
Context: Since the Spanish transition to democracy (1975–1982), Catalan has been recognized as an official language, language of education, and language of mass media, all of which have contributed to its increased prestige. There is no parallel in Europe of such a large, bilingual, non-state speech community. Question: What happened in 1975-1982? Answer: Spanish transition to democracy Question: What has this official language state done for Catalan? Answer: increased prestige Question: Where is there nothing like this non-state speech community? Answer: Europe Question: Besides being the official language and language of education, what other group uses Catalan? Answer: mass media
Context: Jeffries and Ryan (2001) argue that the modern concept of separation of church and state dates from the mid-twentieth century rulings of the Supreme Court. The central point, they argue, was a constitutional ban against aid to religious schools, followed by a later ban on religious observance in public education. Jeffries and Ryan argue that these two propositions—that public aid should not go to religious schools and that public schools should not be religious—make up the separationist position of the modern Establishment Clause. Question: When do Jeffries and Ryan that the modern concept of separation of church and state dates from? Answer: mid-twentieth century Question: What was the central point of the rulings of the Supreme Court's rulings? Answer: constitutional ban against aid to religious schools Question: What was later banned in public education? Answer: religious observance Question: How many propositions make up the separationist position on the Establishment Clause? Answer: two Question: When don't Jeffries and Ryan that the modern concept of separation of church and state dates from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the non-central point of the rulings of the Supreme Court's rulings? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was later not banned in public education? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many propositions make up the separationist position on the Non-Establishment Clause? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: While medieval pageants and festivals such as Corpus Christi were church-sanctioned, Carnival was also a manifestation of medieval folk culture. Many local Carnival customs are claimed to derive from local pre-Christian rituals, such as elaborate rites involving masked figures in the Swabian–Alemannic Fastnacht. However, evidence is insufficient to establish a direct origin from Saturnalia or other ancient festivals. No complete accounts of Saturnalia survive and the shared features of feasting, role reversals, temporary social equality, masks and permitted rule-breaking do not necessarily constitute a coherent festival or link these festivals. These similarities may represent a reservoir of cultural resources that can embody multiple meanings and functions. For example, Easter begins with the resurrection of Jesus, followed by a liminal period and ends with rebirth. Carnival reverses this as King Carnival comes to life, a liminal period follows before his death. Both feasts are calculated by the lunar calendar. Both Jesus and King Carnival may be seen as expiatory figures who make a gift to the people with their deaths. In the case of Jesus, the gift is eternal life in heaven and in the case of King Carnival, the acknowledgement that death is a necessary part of the cycle of life. Besides Christian anti-Judaism, the commonalities between church and Carnival rituals and imagery suggest a common root. Christ's passion is itself grotesque: Since early Christianity Christ is figured as the victim of summary judgement, is tortured and executed by Romans before a Jewish mob ("His blood is on us and on our children!" Matthew 27:24–25). Holy Week processions in Spain include crowds who vociferously insult the figure of Jesus. Irreverence, parody, degradation and laughter at a tragicomic effigy God can be seen as intensifications of the sacred order. In 1466, the Catholic Church under Pope Paul II revieved customs of the Saturnalia carnival: Jews were forced to race naked through the streets of the city of Rome. “Before they were to run, the Jews were richly fed, so as to make the race more difficult for them and at the same time more amusing for spectators. They ran… amid Rome’s taunting shrieks and peals of laughter, while the Holy Father stood upon a richly ornamented balcony and laughed heartily”, an eyewitness reports. Question: What is insufficient to establish a direct origin from ancient festivals to Carnival? Answer: evidence Question: What festival did no complete accounts describing survive? Answer: Saturnalia Question: How do both Jesus and King Carnival make a gift to the people? Answer: with their deaths Question: What is the gift of King Carnival? Answer: acknowledgement that death is a necessary part of the cycle of life Question: Who was forced to race naked through the streets of Rom by Pope Paul II? Answer: Jews
Context: The majority of eukaryotic genes are stored on a set of large, linear chromosomes. The chromosomes are packed within the nucleus in complex with storage proteins called histones to form a unit called a nucleosome. DNA packaged and condensed in this way is called chromatin.:4.2 The manner in which DNA is stored on the histones, as well as chemical modifications of the histone itself, regulate whether a particular region of DNA is accessible for gene expression. In addition to genes, eukaryotic chromosomes contain sequences involved in ensuring that the DNA is copied without degradation of end regions and sorted into daughter cells during cell division: replication origins, telomeres and the centromere.:4.2 Replication origins are the sequence regions where DNA replication is initiated to make two copies of the chromosome. Telomeres are long stretches of repetitive sequence that cap the ends of the linear chromosomes and prevent degradation of coding and regulatory regions during DNA replication. The length of the telomeres decreases each time the genome is replicated and has been implicated in the aging process. The centromere is required for binding spindle fibres to separate sister chromatids into daughter cells during cell division.:18.2 Question: Where are the majority of eukaryotic genes stored? Answer: on a set of large, linear chromosomes Question: Chromosomes that are packed within the nucleus in complex with histones are called what? Answer: a nucleosome Question: What does the manner of DNA storage on the histone and the chemical modifications of the histone itself regulate? Answer: whether a particular region of DNA is accessible for gene expression Question: What are replication origins? Answer: regions where DNA replication is initiated to make two copies of the chromosome Question: Long stretches of repetitive sequence that cap the ends of the linear chromosomes are called what? Answer: Telomeres
Context: Several boutique and chain hotels have opened in recent years in the South Bronx; in addition, a La Quinta Inn that has been proposed for the Mott Haven waterfront. The Kingsbridge Armory, often cited as the largest armory in the world, is scheduled for redevelopment as the Kingsbridge National Ice Center. Under consideration for future development is the construction of a platform over the New York City Subway's Concourse Yard adjacent to Lehman College. The construction would permit approximately 2,000,000 square feet (190,000 m2) of development and would cost US$350–500 million. Question: What was the largest armory in the world? Answer: Kingsbridge Armory Question: What is Kingsbridge Armory being turned into? Answer: Kingsbridge National Ice Center Question: Where is a La Quinta being built in the Bronx? Answer: the Mott Haven waterfront Question: How much development space would a Concourse Yard platform provide? Answer: 2,000,000 square feet Question: How much would a Concourse Yard platform cost? Answer: US$350–500 million
Context: The sovereignty of szlachta was ended in 1795 by Partitions of Poland, and until 1918 their legal status was dependent on policies of the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia or the Habsburg Monarchy. Question: When did the sovereignty of szlachta end? Answer: 1795 Question: Who ended the sovereignty of szlachta? Answer: Partitions of Poland Question: UNtil 1918 whos legal status was dependent on the russian empiresovereignty of szlachta? Answer: szlachta
Context: Among all cities in the Mediterranean part of the European Union, Limassol has one of the warmest winters, in the period January – February average temperature is 17–18 °C (63–64 °F) during the day and 7–8 °C (45–46 °F) at night, in other coastal locations in Cyprus is generally 16–17 °C (61–63 °F) during the day and 6–8 °C (43–46 °F) at night. During March, Limassol has average temperatures of 19–20 °C (66–68 °F) during the day and 9–11 °C (48–52 °F) at night, in other coastal locations in Cyprus is generally 17–19 °C (63–66 °F) during the day and 8–10 °C (46–50 °F) at night. Question: Which cities has one of the warmest winters in the European Union? Answer: Limassol Question: What is the average day emperature of Limassol during winter? Answer: 17–18 °C (63–64 °F) Question: What is the general temperature of coastal location during the night? Answer: 6–8 °C (43–46 °F)
Context: The confusion may stem from the fact that Major League Baseball did decide that, should the Cubs make it to the World Series, the American League winner would have home field advantage unless the Cubs hosted home games at an alternate site since the Cubs home field of Wrigley Field did not yet have lights. Rumor was the Cubs could hold home games across town at Comiskey Park, home of the American League's Chicago White Sox. Rather than hold any games in the cross town rival Sox Park, the Cubs made arrangements with the August A. Busch, owner of the St. Louis Cardinals, to use Busch Stadium in St. Louis as the Cubs "home field" for the World Series. This was approved by Major League Baseball and would have enabled the Cubs to host games 1 and 2, along with games 6 and 7 if necessary. At the time home field advantage was rotated between each league. Odd numbered years the AL had home field advantage. Even numbered years the NL had home field advantage. In the 1982 World Series the St. Louis Cardinals of the NL had home field advantage. In the 1983 World Series the Baltimore Orioles of the AL had home field advantage. Question: Why did the cubs need to host their home games at an alternative site? Answer: Wrigley Field did not yet have lights Question: Where was it rumored that the Cubs could home their home games? Answer: Comiskey Park Question: Comiskey Park was the home to what team? Answer: Chicago White Sox Question: Who had the home field advantage in 1983? Answer: Baltimore Orioles
Context: In the immediate aftermath of World War II, there occurred several armed incidents between Yugoslavia and the Western Allies. Following the war, Yugoslavia acquired the Italian territory of Istria as well as the cities of Zadar and Rijeka. Yugoslav leadership was looking to incorporate Trieste into the country as well, which was opposed by the Western Allies. This led to several armed incidents, notably attacks by Yugoslav fighter planes on US transport aircraft, causing bitter criticism from the west. From 1945 to 1948, at least four US aircraft were shot down.[better source needed] Stalin was opposed to these provocations, as he felt the USSR unready to face the West in open war so soon after the losses of World War II and at the time when US had operational nuclear weapons whereas USSR had yet to conduct its first test. In addition, Tito was openly supportive of the Communist side in the Greek Civil War, while Stalin kept his distance, having agreed with Churchill not to pursue Soviet interests there, although he did support the Greek communist struggle politically, as demonstrated in several assemblies of the UN Security Council. In 1948, motivated by the desire to create a strong independent economy, Tito modeled his economic development plan independently from Moscow, which resulted in a diplomatic escalation followed by a bitter exchange of letters in which Tito affirmed that Question: What Italian territory did Yugoslavia acquire after the war? Answer: Istria Question: What territory did Yugoslavia leadership want to incorporate? Answer: Trieste Question: At least how many American aircraft were shot down between 1945 and 1948? Answer: four Question: Who openly supported the Communist side in the Greek Civil War? Answer: Tito Question: In what year did Tito model his economic development plan independently from Moscow? Answer: 1948
Context: Capital punishment was suspended in the United States from 1972 through 1976 primarily as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. The last pre-Furman execution was that of Luis Monge on June 2, 1967. In this case, the court found that the death penalty was being imposed in an unconstitutional manner, on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Supreme Court has never ruled the death penalty to be per se unconstitutional. Question: In what year was the death penalty suspended in the US? Answer: 1972 Question: What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being suspended? Answer: Furman v. Georgia Question: Who was executed on June 2, 1967? Answer: Luis Monge Question: What amendment to the United States Constitution forbids cruel and unusual punishment? Answer: Eighth Question: In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in the United States ended? Answer: 1976 Question: In what year was the death penalty allowed in the US? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Supreme Court case resulted in capital punishment being allowed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was executed on June 2, 1987? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What amendment to the United States Constitution allows cruel and unusual punishment? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the suspension of the death penalty in South America ended? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1958 as part of an experiment, Operation Argus, the United States Navy detonated an atomic bomb 160 kilometres (100 mi) high in the upper atmosphere about 175 kilometres (109 mi) southeast of the main island. Question: What year was an atomic bomb detonated near the island? Answer: 1958 Question: What country test detonated an atomic bomb near the island? Answer: United States Question: During which mission did the US Army detonate an atomic bomb? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was detonated during Operation Navy in 1958? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was the nuclear bomb detonated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the upper atmosphere detonate an atomic bomb? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was originally the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905 the value E, the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator, was theoretically associated by Einstein with a "quantum" or minimal element of the energy of the electromagnetic wave itself. The light quantum behaved in some respects as an electrically neutral particle, as opposed to an electromagnetic wave. It was eventually called the photon. Question: What is energy abbreviated to in science? Answer: E Question: What is frequency also known as in science? Answer: f Question: What term describes a small amount of element? Answer: quantum Question: What did the light quantum, in some ways, behave as? Answer: an electrically neutral particle Question: What was later termed the photon? Answer: The light quantum Question: When did Max Planck first recognize the value of the Planck constant? Answer: 1900 Question: Which scientist associated the Planck constant with a quantum five years after Planck's recognition? Answer: Einstein Question: Instead of an electromagnetic wave, what did the light quantum behave as in some regards? Answer: an electrically neutral particle Question: What is the simple name given to the light quantum today? Answer: the photon Question: In what year was the value G associated by Einstein with quantum theories of energy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who discovered an association between the value G and quantum energy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of charge did a particle have that behaved similarly to dark quantum energy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term describes a large amount of element? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the simple name given to the dark quantum today? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Apple has generally dominated the premium PC market, having a 91 percent market share for PCs priced at more than $1,000 in 2009, according to NPD. The Macintosh took 45 percent of operating profits in the PC industry during Q4 2012, compared to 13 percent for Dell, seven percent for Hewlett Packard, six percent for Lenovo and Asus, and one percent for Acer. While sales of the Macintosh have largely held steady, in comparison to Apple's sales of the iPhone and iPad which increased significantly during the 2010s, Macintosh computers still enjoy high margins on a per unit basis, with the majority being their MacBooks that are focused on the ultraportable niche that is the most profitable and only growing segment of PCs. It also helped that the Macintosh lineup is simple, updated on a yearly schedule, and consistent across both Apple retail stores, and authorized resellers where they have a special "store within a store" section to distinguish them from Windows PCs. In contrast, Windows PC manufacturers generally have a wide range of offerings, selling only a portion through retail with a full selection on the web, and often with limited-time or region-specific models. The Macintosh ranked third on the "list of intended brands for desktop purchases" for the 2011 holiday season, then moved up to second in 2012 by displacing Hewlett Packard, and in 2013 took the top spot ahead of Dell. Question: According to NPD, who has generally dominated the premium PC market? Answer: Apple Question: What was Macintosh ranked on the "list of intended brands for desktop purchases" for the 2011 holiday season? Answer: third Question: Who did Macintosh displace from 2nd place on the 2012 holiday season "list of intended brands for desktop purchases"? Answer: Hewlett Packard Question: Who did Macintosh displace from 1st place on the 2013 holiday season "list of intended brands for desktop purchases"? Answer: Dell Question: Which of Apple's products is focused on the ultraportable niche of PC's? Answer: MacBooks Question: According to NDP, who has generally dominated the premium PC market? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Macintosh ranked on the "list of intended brands for desktop purchases" for the 2010 holiday season? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Macintosh displace from 2nd place on the 2011 holiday season "list of intended brands for desktop purchases"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Macintosh displace from 1st place on the 2012 holiday season "list of intended brands for desktop purchases"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which of Microsoft's products is focused on the ultraportable niche of PC's? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In addition to Mesa, the club has held spring training in Hot Springs, Arkansas (1886, 1896–1900), (1909–1910) New Orleans (1870, 1907, 1911–1912); Champaign, Illinois (1901–02, 1906); Los Angeles (1903–04, 1948–1949), Santa Monica, California (1905); French Lick, Indiana (1908, 1943–1945); Tampa, Florida (1913–1916); Pasadena, California (1917–1921); Santa Catalina Island, California (1922–1942, 1946–1947, 1950–1951); Rendezvous Park in Mesa (1952–1965); Blair Field in Long Beach, California (1966); and Scottsdale, Arizona (1967–1978). Question: Where is Rendezvous Park? Answer: Mesa Question: Where is Blair Field? Answer: Long Beach, California Question: Between what years did the club hold spring training in Scottsdale, Arizona? Answer: (1967–1978)
Context: The Philippine–American War (1899–1902) was an armed conflict between a group of Filipino revolutionaries and the American forces following the ceding of the Philippines to the United States after the defeat of Spanish forces in the Battle of Manila. The Army sent in 100,000 soldiers (mostly from the National Guard) under General Elwell Otis. Defeated in the field and losing its capital in March 1899, the poorly armed and poorly led rebels broke into armed bands. The insurgency collapsed in March 1901 when the leader Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by General Frederick Funston and his Macabebe allies. Casualties included 1,037 Americans killed in action and 3,340 who died from disease; 20,000 rebels were killed. Question: When was the Philippine-American War fought? Answer: 1899–1902 Question: Where did the US defeat occupying Spanish forces prior to the Philippine American War? Answer: Manila Question: Who led American forces in this war? Answer: General Elwell Otis Question: How many troops did the US send to the Philippines? Answer: 100,000 Question: Who was the rebel leader captured by US forces at the end of this war? Answer: Emilio Aguinaldo Question: When was the Philippine-African War fought? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did the US defeat occupying Irish forces prior to the Philippine American War? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who led African forces in this war? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many troops did the UK send to the Philippines? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the rebel leader captured by UK forces at the end of this war? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Battle of Leyte Gulf was arguably the largest naval battle in history and was the largest naval battle of World War II. It was a series of four distinct engagements fought off the Philippine island of Leyte from 23 to 26 October 1944. Leyte Gulf featured the largest battleships ever built, was the last time in history that battleships engaged each other, and was also notable as the first time that kamikaze aircraft were used. Allied victory in the Philippine Sea established Allied air and sea superiority in the western Pacific. Nimitz favored blockading the Philippines and landing on Formosa. This would give the Allies control of the sea routes to Japan from southern Asia, cutting off substantial Japanese garrisons. MacArthur favored an invasion of the Philippines, which also lay across the supply lines to Japan. Roosevelt adjudicated in favor of the Philippines. Meanwhile, Japanese Combined Fleet Chief Toyoda Soemu prepared four plans to cover all Allied offensive scenarios. On 12 October Nimitz launched a carrier raid against Formosa to make sure that planes based there could not intervene in the landings on Leyte. Toyoda put Plan Sho-2 into effect, launching a series of air attacks against the U.S. carriers. However the Japanese lost 600 planes in three days, leaving them without air cover. Question: What is argued to be the largest naval battle in history? Answer: Battle of Leyte Gulf Question: What was the largest naval battle in World War II? Answer: Battle of Leyte Gulf Question: When did the Battle of Leyte Gulf occur? Answer: 23 to 26 October 1944 Question: When did Nimitz launch a carrier raid against Formosa? Answer: 12 October Question: What did Nimitz favor blockading? Answer: Philippines
Context: Idealism is a term with several related meanings. It comes via idea from the Greek idein (ἰδεῖν), meaning "to see". The term entered the English language by 1743. In ordinary use, as when speaking of Woodrow Wilson's political idealism, it generally suggests the priority of ideals, principles, values, and goals over concrete realities. Idealists are understood to represent the world as it might or should be, unlike pragmatists, who focus on the world as it presently is. In the arts, similarly, idealism affirms imagination and attempts to realize a mental conception of beauty, a standard of perfection, juxtaposed to aesthetic naturalism and realism. Question: What does ἰδεῖν mean in English? Answer: to see Question: By what year was "idealism" a word in English? Answer: 1743 Question: Whose worldview contrasts with that of idealists in the ordinary sense of the word? Answer: pragmatists Question: What language is ἰδεῖν? Answer: Greek Question: When did the Greek word idein mean to see? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was president in 1793? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the English word idein mean? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Idealists see the world the same way as what other philosophers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How do pragmatists view the arts? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Egyptian cinema became a regional force with the coming of sound. In 1936, Studio Misr, financed by industrialist Talaat Harb, emerged as the leading Egyptian studio, a role the company retained for three decades. For over 100 years, more than 4000 films have been produced in Egypt, three quarters of the total Arab production.[citation needed] Egypt is considered the leading country in the field of cinema in the Middle East. Actors from all over the Arab World seek to appear in the Egyptian cinema for the sake of fame. The Cairo International Film Festival has been rated as one of 11 festivals with a top class rating worldwide by the International Federation of Film Producers' Associations. Question: In what year was Studio Misr founded? Answer: 1936 Question: Who financed Studio Misr? Answer: Talaat Harb Question: In more that 100 years how many films have been produced in Egypt? Answer: 4000 films Question: What share of Arab productions have come from Egypt? Answer: three quarters
Context: The ancient trade route between India and Tibet that passed through Kathmandu enabled a fusion of artistic and architectural traditions from other cultures to be amalgamated with local art and architecture. The monuments of Kathmandu City have been influenced over the centuries by Hindu and Buddhist religious practices. The architectural treasure of the Kathmandu valley has been categorized under the well-known seven groups of heritage monuments and buildings. In 2006 UNESCO declared these seven groups of monuments as a World Heritage Site (WHS). The seven monuments zones cover an area of 188.95 hectares (466.9 acres), with the buffer zone extending to 239.34 hectares (591.4 acres). The Seven Monument Zones (Mzs) inscribed originally in 1979 and with a minor modification in 2006 are Durbar squares of Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur, Hindu temples of Pashupatinath and Changunarayan, the Buddhist stupas of Swayambhu and Boudhanath. Question: What religion does Changunarayan belong to? Answer: Hindu Question: What Buddhist monuments are present at Boudhanath? Answer: stupas Question: How many acres are the Kathmandu valley monument zones? Answer: 466.9 Question: In hectares, how large is the Kathmandu valley monument buffer zone? Answer: 239.34 Question: When did the Kathmandu valley monuments receive WHS status? Answer: 2006
Context: The first indigenous group encountered by Columbus were the 250,000 Taínos of Hispaniola who represented the dominant culture in the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas. Within thirty years about 70% of the Taínos had died. They had no immunity to European diseases, so outbreaks of measles and smallpox ravaged their population. Increasing punishment of the Taínos for revolting against forced labour, despite measures put in place by the encomienda, which included religious education and protection from warring tribes, eventually led to the last great Taíno rebellion. Question: Who was the first group of indigenous people Columbus encountered? Answer: the 250,000 Taínos of Hispaniola Question: What did the Taínos represent in the Greater Antilles and Bahamas? Answer: dominant culture Question: What percentage of the Taínos were dead thirty years after contact with Columbus? Answer: 70% Question: Why were outbreaks of measles and smallpox able to so easily decimate the Taínos' population? Answer: no immunity to European diseases Question: What led to the last great Taínos rebellion? Answer: Increasing punishment
Context: One elector in Minnesota cast a ballot for president with the name of "John Ewards" [sic] written on it. The Electoral College officials certified this ballot as a vote for John Edwards for president. The remaining nine electors cast ballots for John Kerry. All ten electors in the state cast ballots for John Edwards for vice president (John Edwards's name was spelled correctly on all ballots for vice president). This was the first time in U.S. history that an elector had cast a vote for the same person to be both president and vice president; another faithless elector in the 1800 election had voted twice for Aaron Burr, but under that electoral system only votes for the president's position were cast, with the runner-up in the Electoral College becoming vice president (and the second vote for Burr was discounted and re-assigned to Thomas Jefferson in any event, as it violated Electoral College rules). Question: Who received a certified ballot from the Electoral College, despite his name being spelled incorrectly on the ballot? Answer: John Edwards Question: Had there ever been a time where an elector voted for the same candidate to be both president and vice president? Answer: This was the first time in U.S. history Question: Which candidate won the unanimous vote for vice presidency? Answer: All ten electors in the state cast ballots for John Edwards for vice president Question: What is different in comparison between the 1800 electoral system and the system in place in 2004? Answer: under that electoral system only votes for the president's position were cast, with the runner-up in the Electoral College becoming vice president Question: In the 1800 election, why did Thomas Jefferson get the second vote? Answer: it violated Electoral College rules Question: What did the Electoral College do when John Kerry's name was wrong on the ballot? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many states voted for John Edwards for president in the election? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many times had Aaron Burr run for office in the past? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who voted for John Edwards for president and had his vote discounted because it violated the rules? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What state was Aaron Burr originally from? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Presbyterians distinguish themselves from other denominations by doctrine, institutional organization (or "church order") and worship; often using a "Book of Order" to regulate common practice and order. The origins of the Presbyterian churches are in Calvinism. Many branches of Presbyterianism are remnants of previous splits from larger groups. Some of the splits have been due to doctrinal controversy, while some have been caused by disagreement concerning the degree to which those ordained to church office should be required to agree with the Westminster Confession of Faith, which historically serves as an important confessional document – second only to the Bible, yet directing particularities in the standardization and translation of the Bible – in Presbyterian churches. Question: What term described the method used to regulate common practice and or order? Answer: Book of Order Question: Which document is an important confessional document second only to the Bible? Answer: Westminster Confession of Faith Question: What other name is used when referring to the origins of the Presbyterian Church? Answer: Calvinism Question: What is another term for institutional doctrine? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which book to Muslims use to regulate common practice and order? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where are the origins of Faith in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which document is even more important than the Bible, serving as an important confessional document? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Some combinations have been due to what type of controversy? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The gender of God may be viewed as either a literal or an allegorical aspect of a deity who, in classical western philosophy, transcends bodily form. Polytheistic religions commonly attribute to each of the gods a gender, allowing each to interact with any of the others, and perhaps with humans, sexually. In most monotheistic religions, God has no counterpart with which to relate sexually. Thus, in classical western philosophy the gender of this one-and-only deity is most likely to be an analogical statement of how humans and God address, and relate to, each other. Namely, God is seen as begetter of the world and revelation which corresponds to the active (as opposed to the receptive) role in sexual intercourse. Question: How is sex by God handled in a monotheistic religion? Answer: God has no counterpart with which to relate sexually Question: How do polytheistic religions view sex by God or gods? Answer: attribute to each of the gods a gender, allowing each to interact with any of the others, and perhaps with humans, sexually Question: What is God's role in the creation of the world? Answer: begetter Question: In what ways can the gender of God be viewed? Answer: literal or an allegorical aspect Question: What do polytheistic religions assign to their gods? Answer: gender Question: What role does got serve in a sexual intercourse? Answer: the active (as opposed to the receptive) role Question: In which type of religion does God have no sexual partner? Answer: monotheistic Question: What does western philosophy attribute to each of the gods? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the role of God's counterpart in creation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what way can the sexuality of God's counterpart be viewed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How does western philosophy allow God to act with humans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the counterpart of God transcend? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: There were 46,917 households, out of which 7,835 (16.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 13,092 (27.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,510 (7.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,327 (2.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,867 (6.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 416 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 22,716 households (48.4%) were made up of individuals and 5,551 (11.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.87. There were 17,929 families (38.2% of all households); the average family size was 2.79. Question: What was the total average family size? Answer: 2.79 Question: What percent of households were made of one person? Answer: 48.4% Question: What percent of households had someone over 65 living in it? Answer: 11.8% Question: Roughly how many same-sex couples were there? Answer: 416 Question: What percent of household have children under 18? Answer: 16.7% Question: How many people under 18 are there in Santa Monica? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many people under 65 are there in Santa Monica? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many same-sex female married couples are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the average household size for those 65 and older? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the average family size for same-sex married couples? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The first draft of the Convention included political killings, but these provisions were removed in a political and diplomatic compromise following objections from some countries, including the USSR, a permanent security council member. The USSR argued that the Convention's definition should follow the etymology of the term, and may have feared greater international scrutiny of its own Great Purge. Other nations feared that including political groups in the definition would invite international intervention in domestic politics. However leading genocide scholar William Schabas states: “Rigorous examination of the travaux fails to confirm a popular impression in the literature that the opposition to inclusion of political genocide was some Soviet machination. The Soviet views were also shared by a number of other States for whom it is difficult to establish any geographic or social common denominator: Lebanon, Sweden, Brazil, Peru, Venezuela, the Philippines, the Dominican Republic, Iran, Egypt, Belgium, and Uruguay. The exclusion of political groups was in fact originally promoted by a non-governmental organization, the World Jewish Congress, and it corresponded to Raphael Lemkin’s vision of the nature of the crime of genocide.” Question: Which provision was initially included in the first write-up of the Convention and then removed? Answer: political killings Question: What is one of the countries that objected to the inclusion of political killings in the early version of the Convention? Answer: USSR Question: What atrocity motivated a self-serving USSR to object to the provision of political killings drafted into the Convention? Answer: its own Great Purge Question: What was the primary concern of other nations who objected to including political groups in the definition of genocide? Answer: international intervention in domestic politics Question: Which distinguished academic of genocide highlighted several other countries opposed to including political genocide in the Convention? Answer: William Schabas Question: Which provision was not initially included in the first write-up of the Convention and then removed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one of the countries that supported the inclusion of political killings in the early version of the Convention? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which distinguished academic of genocide highlighted several other countries supporting including political genocide in the Convention? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What atrocity motivated a self-serving USSR to support the provision of political killings drafted into the Convention? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which provision was initially included in the first write-up of the Jewish Congress and then removed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one of the countries that objected to the inclusion of political killings in the early version of the World Jewish Congress? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What atrocity motivated a self-serving USSR to object to the provision of machination drafted into the Convention? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the primary concern of other nations who objected to including political groups in the definition of examination? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which distinguished academic of genocide highlighted several other countries opposed to including examination in the Convention? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Sometimes passenger elevators are used as a city transport along with funiculars. For example, there is a 3-station underground public elevator in Yalta, Ukraine, which takes passengers from the top of a hill above the Black Sea on which hotels are perched, to a tunnel located on the beach below. At Casco Viejo station in the Bilbao Metro, the elevator that provides access to the station from a hilltop neighborhood doubles as city transportation: the station's ticket barriers are set up in such a way that passengers can pay to reach the elevator from the entrance in the lower city, or vice versa. See also the Elevators for urban transport section. Question: Passenger elevators, used in city transport share similarities to what other ascending and descending vehicles counterbalancing each other? Answer: funiculars Question: What type of public elevator in Yalta, Ukraine, transport passengers from a hill above the Black Sea to a tunnel down on the beach? Answer: underground public elevator Question: The elevator located at the Casco Viejo station in the Bilbao Metro is also used for what? Answer: city transportation Question: How is that set up? Answer: ticket barriers are set up in such a way that passengers can pay to reach the elevator from the entrance in the lower city, or vice versa
Context: In 2002 Switzerland became a full member of the United Nations, leaving the Vatican City as the last widely recognised state without full UN membership. Switzerland is a founding member of the EFTA, but is not a member of the European Economic Area. An application for membership in the European Union was sent in May 1992, but not advanced since the EEA was rejected in December 1992 when Switzerland was the only country to launch a referendum on the EEA. There have since been several referenda on the EU issue; due to a mixed reaction from the population the membership application has been frozen. Nonetheless, Swiss law is gradually being adjusted to conform with that of the EU, and the government has signed a number of bilateral agreements with the European Union. Switzerland, together with Liechtenstein, has been completely surrounded by the EU since Austria's entry in 1995. On 5 June 2005, Swiss voters agreed by a 55% majority to join the Schengen treaty, a result that was regarded by EU commentators as a sign of support by Switzerland, a country that is traditionally perceived as independent and reluctant to enter supranational bodies. Question: In what year did Switzerland become a full member of the United Nations? Answer: 2002 Question: What did Swiss voters agree to join on June 5, 2005? Answer: Schengen treaty Question: What percentage of Swiss voters voted to join the Schengen treaty? Answer: 55% Question: Though Switzerland is a founding member of the EFTA, what are they not a member of? Answer: European Economic Area Question: What has completely surrounded Switzerland and Liechtenstein since 1995? Answer: the EU
Context: Corruption is not specific to poor, developing, or transition countries. In western countries, cases of bribery and other forms of corruption in all possible fields exist: under-the-table payments made to reputed surgeons by patients attempting to be on top of the list of forthcoming surgeries, bribes paid by suppliers to the automotive industry in order to sell low-quality connectors used for instance in safety equipment such as airbags, bribes paid by suppliers to manufacturers of defibrillators (to sell low-quality capacitors), contributions paid by wealthy parents to the "social and culture fund" of a prestigious university in exchange for it to accept their children, bribes paid to obtain diplomas, financial and other advantages granted to unionists by members of the executive board of a car manufacturer in exchange for employer-friendly positions and votes, etc. Examples are endless. These various manifestations of corruption can ultimately present a danger for the public health; they can discredit specific, essential institutions or social relationships. Question: These types of corruption can harm what? Answer: the public health Question: Along with institutions, this type of corruption can discredit what? Answer: social relationships
Context: Subsequently, seven other chiefs on seven other islands signed a treaty in German and Marshallese and a final copy witnessed by Rötger on November 1 was sent to the German Foreign Office. The Germans erected a sign declaring a "Imperial German Protectorate" at Jaluit. It has been speculated that the crisis over the Carolines with Spain, which almost provoked a war, was in fact "a feint to cover the acquisition of the Marshall Islands", which went almost unnoticed at the time, despite the islands being the largest source of copra in Micronesia. Spain sold the islands to Germany in 1884 through papal mediation. Question: On what day was a final treaty signed between the Marshall Islands chiefs and the Germans? Answer: November 1 Question: What status did the Marshall Islands have in Germany? Answer: Imperial German Protectorate Question: What nation had control of the Carolines? Answer: Spain Question: What notable resource was available in the Marshall Islands? Answer: copra Question: In what year did Germany buy the Marshalls from Spain? Answer: 1884
Context: "Digimon" are "Digital Monsters". According to the stories, they are inhabitants of the "DigiWorld", a manifestation of Earth's communication network. The stories tell of a group of mostly pre-teens, who accompany special Digimon born to defend their world (and ours) from various evil forces. To help them surmount the most difficult obstacles found within both realms, the Digimon have the ability to evolve (Digivolve) In this process, the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well. The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series. Question: What is the world in which the digimon live? Answer: a manifestation of Earth's communication network Question: What happens to a digimon after they evolve? Answer: the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well Question: Who accompanies the digimon as they work to save their world? Answer: a group of mostly pre-teens Question: Are the children who accompany the digimon always the same? Answer: The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series Question: What is the world of the digimon called? Answer: DigiWorld Question: Where are Digimon the inhabitants of? Answer: DigiWorld Question: What group of kids are in charge of the Digimons? Answer: mostly pre-teens Question: What is the process called when Digimon get stronger? Answer: Digivolve Question: What is a manifestation of a world far from work? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are specially trained Digimon defending the world from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who accompanies special humans born to save the world? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What children stay the same from series to series? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What stays the same as Digimon become stronger? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The years following 2009 marked a shift in the structure of the "Big Four" with Tottenham Hotspur and Manchester City both breaking into the top four. In the 2009–10 season, Tottenham finished fourth and became the first team to break the top four since Everton in 2005. Criticism of the gap between an elite group of "super clubs" and the majority of the Premier League has continued, nevertheless, due to their increasing ability to spend more than the other Premier League clubs. Manchester City won the title in the 2011–12 season, becoming the first club outside the "Big Four" to win since 1994–95. That season also saw two of the Big Four (Chelsea and Liverpool) finish outside the top four places for the first time since 1994–95. Question: Which team finished fourth in the 2009-10 season? Answer: In the 2009–10 season, Tottenham finished fourth and became the first team to break the top four since Everton in 2005 Question: Why was there critcism of the elite clubs? Answer: due to their increasing ability to spend more than the other Premier League clubs. Question: Since 1994-95, who was the first club out side of the "Big Four" to win the title Answer: Manchester City won the title in the 2011–12 season, becoming the first club outside the "Big Four" to win since 1994–95. Question: Which two "Big Four" clubs did not finish in the top four in the 2011-12 season? Answer: That season also saw two of the Big Four (Chelsea and Liverpool) finish outside the top four Question: In the 2009-10 season, which team was the first to break into the "Big Four" since 2005? Answer: Tottenham Question: In which position did Tottenham finish in the 2009-10 season? Answer: fourth Question: In 2011-12, which club was the first non-"Big Four" team to win since 1994-95? Answer: Manchester City Question: In 2011-12, how many "Big Four" clubs finished outside the top four places in the league? Answer: two Question: In 2005, which was the only non-"Big Four" team to break the top four? Answer: Everton Question: In which season did Tottenham finish third? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During which season did Tottenham become the second team to enter the top four since 2005? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During the 2011–12 season, which two teams finished inside the top four for the first time since 1994-95? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why were the elite clubs praised? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which season did Tottenham City win the title? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops: Question: What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]? Answer: Icelandic and Faroese Question: What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too? Answer: consonant clusters Question: What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic? Answer: double stops and single stops Question: What stops contrast with triple and single stops? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Icelandic and English have preaspirated what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Aspirated stops contrast with what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Symbol clusters exists in which two languages? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The climate of Antarctica does not allow extensive vegetation to form. A combination of freezing temperatures, poor soil quality, lack of moisture, and lack of sunlight inhibit plant growth. As a result, the diversity of plant life is very low and limited in distribution. The flora of the continent largely consists of bryophytes. There are about 100 species of mosses and 25 species of liverworts, but only three species of flowering plants, all of which are found in the Antarctic Peninsula: Deschampsia antarctica (Antarctic hair grass), Colobanthus quitensis (Antarctic pearlwort) and the non-native Poa annua (annual bluegrass). Growth is restricted to a few weeks in the summer. Question: What can not grow extensively in Antarctica? Answer: vegetation Question: What does the climate of Antarctica inhibit? Answer: plant growth Question: hat is low and limited in Antarctica? Answer: diversity of plant life Question: How many species of Mosses are there in Antarctica? Answer: 100 Question: What allows extensive vegitation to occur? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What promotes plant growth? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is diverse and widely distributed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where are there 25 species of mosses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What climate allows extensive vegetation to form? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are there 105 species of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are there 20 species of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many species of plants are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where are all of the plants found? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: As many Japanese had feared, Japan's supply arrangements could not maintain her forces. Once Mutaguchi's hopes for an early victory were thwarted, his troops, particularly those at Kohima, starved. During May, while Mutaguchi continued to order attacks, the Allies advanced southwards from Kohima and northwards from Imphal. The two Allied attacks met on 22 June, breaking the Japanese siege of Imphal. The Japanese finally broke off the operation on 3 July. They had lost over 50,000 troops, mainly to starvation and disease. This represented the worst defeat suffered by the Japanese Army to that date.[citation needed] Question: What happened to Mutaguchi's troops? Answer: starved Question: When was the Japanese siege of Imphal broken? Answer: 22 June Question: How many troops had the Japanese lost? Answer: 50,000 Question: What was the main cause of death of the Japanese troops? Answer: starvation and disease
Context: On April 25, 2007, Internet Archive and Suzanne Shell jointly announced the settlement of their lawsuit. The Internet Archive said it "...has no interest in including materials in the Wayback Machine of persons who do not wish to have their Web content archived. We recognize that Ms. Shell has a valid and enforceable copyright in her Web site and we regret that the inclusion of her Web site in the Wayback Machine resulted in this litigation." Shell said, "I respect the historical value of Internet Archive's goal. I never intended to interfere with that goal nor cause it any harm." Question: When did Suzanne Shell's suit against Internet Archive come to an end? Answer: April 25, 2007 Question: Who stated that they had no wish to violate individuals' copyrights? Answer: Internet Archive Question: Who stated that they did not want to cause damage to the Internet Archive? Answer: Suzanne Shell Question: When did Wayback Machine's suit against Internet Archive come to an end? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who stated that they had no wish to violate the values of Suzanne Shell? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who stated that they did not want to cause damage to the Wayback Machine? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who regretted the inclusion of Wayback Mountain's Web site? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who never intended to interfere with Suzanne Shell's goal? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Compact of Free Association with the United States gives the U.S. sole responsibility for international defense of the Marshall Islands. It allows islanders to live and work in the United States and establishes economic and technical aid programs. Question: What document governs the defense of the Marshall Islands? Answer: Compact of Free Association Question: What nation is responsible for the defense of the Marshall Islands? Answer: the U.S. Question: Along with economic aid, what assistance does the Compact of Free Association provide? Answer: technical aid
Context: In the late 1960s, the term heavy metal was used interchangeably with hard rock, but gradually began to be used to describe music played with even more volume and intensity. While hard rock maintained a bluesy rock and roll identity, including some swing in the back beat and riffs that tended to outline chord progressions in their hooks, heavy metal's riffs often functioned as stand-alone melodies and had no swing in them. Heavy metal took on "darker" characteristics after Black Sabbath's breakthrough at the beginning of the 1970s. In the 1980s it developed a number of subgenres, often termed extreme metal, some of which were influenced by hardcore punk, and which further differentiated the two styles. Despite this differentiation, hard rock and heavy metal have existed side by side, with bands frequently standing on the boundary of, or crossing between, the genres. Question: By the late 60s, what term was synonymous with hard rock? Answer: heavy metal Question: What heavy metal group introduced darker themes to the music? Answer: Black Sabbath Question: What genre was an influence on extreme metal in the 1980s? Answer: hardcore punk Question: Hard rock is differentiated from heavy metal by containing more of an influence of what genre? Answer: bluesy Question: In heavy metal, riffs typically form what element of a song? Answer: stand-alone melodies Question: Which term was never used interchangeably with hard rock? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did hard rock music change to keep it's identity? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What riffs were combined to create swing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What band had a 1960s break through with an emphasis on darker themes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which two genres have never considered to have very much in common? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Gram quantities of various copper salts have been taken in suicide attempts and produced acute copper toxicity in humans, possibly due to redox cycling and the generation of reactive oxygen species that damage DNA. Corresponding amounts of copper salts (30 mg/kg) are toxic in animals. A minimum dietary value for healthy growth in rabbits has been reported to be at least 3 ppm in the diet. However, higher concentrations of copper (100 ppm, 200 ppm, or 500 ppm) in the diet of rabbits may favorably influence feed conversion efficiency, growth rates, and carcass dressing percentages. Question: What are copper salts sometimes used for? Answer: suicide attempts Question: When ingested in large amounts what does copper salts produce in humans? Answer: copper toxicity Question: What is the minimum amount of copper rabbits should have in their diet? Answer: 3 ppm Question: What is a major benefit to rabbits having a higher concentration of copper in their diet? Answer: growth rates Question: What amount of copper salt is toxic in animals? Answer: 30 mg/kg Question: What are copper peppers sometimes used for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When ingested in small amounts what does copper salts produce in humans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the minimum amount of copper dragons should have in their diet? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a major benefit to dragons having a higher concentration of copper in their diet? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What amount of copper salt is toxic in robots? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Provide Campaign Assistance. Minority leaders are typically energetic and aggressive campaigners for partisan incumbents and challengers. There is hardly any major aspect of campaigning that does not engage their attention. For example, they assist in recruiting qualified candidates; they establish "leadership PACs" to raise and distribute funds to House candidates of their party; they try to persuade partisan colleagues not to retire or run for other offices so as to hold down the number of open seats the party would need to defend; they coordinate their campaign activities with congressional and national party campaign committees; they encourage outside groups to back their candidates; they travel around the country to speak on behalf of party candidates; and they encourage incumbent colleagues to make significant financial contributions to the party's campaign committee. "The amount of time that [Minority Leader] Gephardt is putting in to help the DCCC [Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee] is unheard of," noted a Democratic lobbyist."No DCCC chairman has ever had that kind of support." Question: How much concern do minority leaders have for campaigning? Answer: hardly any major aspect of campaigning that does not engage their attention Question: Who establishes leadership PACs? Answer: Minority leaders Question: Outside of Washington how much involvement do minority leaders have in campaigns? Answer: travel around the country to speak on behalf of party candidates; and they encourage incumbent colleagues to make significant financial contributions Question: What kind of campaigner is the DCCC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who does the DCCC campaign for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much does the DCCC focus on campaigning? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of candidates are recruited by the DCCC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why does the DCCC establish leadership PAC's? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Standard Model groups matter particles into three generations, where each generation consists of two quarks and two leptons. The first generation is the up and down quarks, the electron and the electron neutrino; the second includes the charm and strange quarks, the muon and the muon neutrino; the third generation consists of the top and bottom quarks and the tau and tau neutrino. The most natural explanation for this would be that quarks and leptons of higher generations are excited states of the first generations. If this turns out to be the case, it would imply that quarks and leptons are composite particles, rather than elementary particles. Question: What model has two generations? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which generation has the up and down muon and muon neutrino? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of particles are tau and tau neutrino? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What generation has charm and strange muon? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many electrons are there in the generations? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Transat AG2R Race, held every alternate year, is an event which originates in Concarneau in Brittany, France, reaching St. Barthélemy. It is a boat race with boats of 10 m length with a single hull and with essential safety equipment. Each boat is navigated by two sailors. Kitesurfing and other water sports have also become popular on the island in recent years, especially at Grand Cul-de-Sac beach (Baie de Grand Cul de Sac) for windy sports as kitesurfing and Saint Jean Beach ( Baie de Saint Jean), Lorient, Toiny and Anse des Cayes for surfing. Tennis is also popular on the island and it has several tennis clubs, Tennis Clube de Flamboyant in Grand Cul-de-Sac, AJOE Tennis Club in Orient and ASCO in Colombier. Question: How often is the AG2R Race held? Answer: every alternate year Question: Where does the AG2R originate from? Answer: Concarneau Question: What type of vehicles participate in the AG2R Race? Answer: boats Question: What is the size requirement for entry into the AG2R Race? Answer: 10 m Question: How many people are in the vehicle for the AG2R Race? Answer: two Question: How long ago did the Transat AG2R Race begin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: On what part of St. Barthelemy does the Transat AG2R Race end? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long ago did the Tennis Clube de Flamboyant open its doors? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What tennis club is nearest to the Grand Cul-de-Sac beach? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Kim Philby, a Soviet double agent, was a correspondent for the newspaper in Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s. Philby was admired for his courage in obtaining high-quality reporting from the front lines of the bloody conflict. He later joined MI6 during World War II, was promoted into senior positions after the war ended, then eventually defected to the Soviet Union in 1963. Question: Who was the name of the Soviet double agent who was the correspondent for The Times in Spain in the late 1930s? Answer: Kim Philby Question: A Soviet double agent working for The Times in Spain was a war correspondent during what war in the late 1930s? Answer: Spanish Civil War Question: During World War II, the Soviet double agent who was corresponding for The Times in Spain in the 1930s later joined what agency? Answer: MI6 Question: In 1963, a notable double agent providing valuable and high-quality reporting for The Times during a war in the late 1930s eventually defected to which country? Answer: Soviet Union
Context: The Red Cross Society of China flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts valued at 788,000 yuan (US$113,000) to Wenchuan County. The Amity Foundation already began relief work in the region and has earmarked US$143,000 for disaster relief. The Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs said that they have provided 30,000 tents for those left homeless. Question: How many tents were flown to the region? Answer: 557 Question: How many quilts were flown to the region? Answer: 2,500 Question: How much were both supplies worth? Answer: 788,000 yuan Question: What county were the supplies flown to? Answer: Wenchuan County Question: How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry provide for the homeless? Answer: 30,000 Question: What group took tents and quilts to Wenchuan county? Answer: Red Cross Society of China Question: How much has the Amity Foundation designated for disaster relief? Answer: US$143,000 Question: How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Affairs provide? Answer: 30,000 Question: What were all these tents and quilts for? Answer: those left homeless Question: What foundation had already begun relief work in the area? Answer: The Amity Foundation
Context: Kuaiji Commandery was the initial power base for Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's rebellion against the Qin Empire which initially succeeded in restoring the kingdom of Chu but eventually fell to the Han. Under the Later Han, control of the area returned to the settlement below Mount Kuaiji but authority over the Minyue hinterland was nominal at best and its Yue inhabitants largely retained their own political and social structures. Question: What was the initial power base for Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's rebellion? Answer: Kuaiji Commandery Question: Who did the kingdom of Chu eventually fall to? Answer: the Han Question: In Later Han, which Mount did control of the area return to the settlement below? Answer: Kuaiji Question: Who led a rebellion with Xiang Liang against the Qin Empire? Answer: Xiang Yu Question: Which empire did Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu rebel against? Answer: the Qin Empire Question: What wasn't the initial power base for Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's rebellion? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did the kingdom of Chu never fall to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In early Han, which Mount did control of the area return to the settlement below? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who led a rebellion with Xiang Liang with the Qin Empire? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which empire did Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu team up with? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: When John DeStefano, Jr., became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to transform the city into a major cultural and arts center in the Northeast, which involved investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises. As nearby Bridgeport built new sports facilities, the brutalist New Haven Coliseum rapidly deteriorated. Believing the upkeep on the venue to be a drain of tax dollars, the DeStefano administration closed the Coliseum in 2002; it was demolished in 2007. New Haven's last professional sports team, the New Haven County Cutters, left in 2009. The DeStefano administration did, however, see the construction of the New Haven Athletic Center in 1998, a 94,000-square-foot (8,700 m2) indoor athletic facility with a seating capacity of over 3,000. The NHAC, built adjacent to Hillhouse High School, is used for New Haven public schools athletics, as well as large-scale area and state sporting events; it is the largest high school indoor sports complex in the state. Question: What 1995 mayor of New Haven sought to reinvent the area into a northeastern hub of art and culture? Answer: John DeStefano, Jr. Question: What sports complex was shuttered in New Haven by the DeStefano administration in 2002? Answer: New Haven Coliseum Question: What was New Haven's last professional sports team? Answer: New Haven County Cutters Question: What indoor sporting complex in New Haven was constructed by the DeStefano administration in 1998? Answer: New Haven Athletic Center Question: What is the approximate seating capacity of the New Haven Athletic Center? Answer: over 3,000 Question: Who was the mayor for the city in the late 90s? Answer: John DeStefano, Jr Question: Due to the heavy upkeep, DeStefano decided to close what major infrastructure in the city? Answer: New Haven Coliseum Question: When was the last time New Haven had a professional sport team? Answer: 2009 Question: In terms of capacity how big was the new constructed New Haven Athletic Center? Answer: over 3,000
Context: The chemistry of zinc is dominated by the +2 oxidation state. When compounds in this oxidation state are formed the outer shell s electrons are lost, which yields a bare zinc ion with the electronic configuration [Ar]3d10. In aqueous solution an octahedral complex, [Zn(H 2O)6]2+ is the predominant species. The volatilization of zinc in combination with zinc chloride at temperatures above 285 °C indicates the formation of Zn 2Cl 2, a zinc compound with a +1 oxidation state. No compounds of zinc in oxidation states other than +1 or +2 are known. Calculations indicate that a zinc compound with the oxidation state of +4 is unlikely to exist. Question: What oxidation state dominates zinc? Answer: +2 Question: What indicates the formation of ZN2Cl? Answer: The volatilization of zinc in combination with zinc chloride at temperatures above 285 °C Question: what are the only two oxidation states known for zinc? Answer: +1 or +2 Question: What oxidation state dominates the chemistry of zinc? Answer: +2 Question: What are the only two oxidation states known for zinc compounds? Answer: +1 or +2 Question: What oxidation state repels zinc? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What indicates the destruction of ZN2Cl? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the only oxidation state known for zinc compounds? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On August 24, 1673, Dutch captain Anthonio Colve took over the colony of New York from England and rechristened it "New Orange" to honor the Prince of Orange, King William III. However, facing defeat from the British and French, who had teamed up to destroy Dutch trading routes, the Dutch returned the island to England in 1674. Question: What was the regnal name of the Prince of Orange? Answer: William III Question: What was the date of Anthonio Colve's capture of New York? Answer: August 24, 1673 Question: What did Colve call New York after he captured it? Answer: New Orange Question: In what year did the Dutch give New York back to the English? Answer: 1674 Question: August 24, 1673 is when which Dutch officer took control of NYC? Answer: Anthonio Colve Question: The Dutch gave back the island to which country in 1674 after their trade routes had been destroyed? Answer: England Question: New York was called New Orange for a period based off which historical figure? Answer: King William III
Context: The loss of eight battleships and 2,403 Americans at Pearl Harbor forced the U.S. to rely on its remaining aircraft carriers, which won a major victory over Japan at Midway just six months into the war, and on its growing submarine fleet. The Navy and Marine Corps followed this up with an island hopping campaign across the central and south Pacific in 1943–45, reaching the outskirts of Japan in the Battle of Okinawa. During 1942 and 1943, the U.S. deployed millions of men and thousands of planes and tanks to the UK, beginning with the strategic bombing of Nazi Germany and occupied Europe and leading up to the Allied invasions of occupied North Africa in November 1942, Sicily and Italy in 1943, France in 1944, and the invasion of Germany in 1945, parallel with the Soviet invasion from the east. That led to the surrender of Nazi Germany in May 1945. In the Pacific, the U.S. experienced much success in naval campaigns during 1944, but bloody battles at Iwo Jima and Okinawa in 1945 led the U.S. to look for a way to end the war with minimal loss of American lives. The U.S. used atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to destroy the Japanese war effort and to shock the Japanese leadership, which quickly caused the surrender of Japan. Question: How many battleships did the US Navy lose at Pearl Harbor? Answer: eight Question: How many Americans were killed during the Pearl Harbor attack? Answer: 2,403 Question: What term describes the overall US strategy in the Pacific in WWII? Answer: island hopping Question: When did the Allies invade North Africa? Answer: 1942 Question: Which two Japanese cities were hit with atomic bombs? Answer: Hiroshima and Nagasaki Question: How many battleships did the UK Navy lose at Pearl Harbor? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many non-americans were killed during the Pearl Harbor attack? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term describes the overall UK strategy in the Pacific in WWII? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Allies invade South Africa? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which two Chinese cities were hit with atomic bombs? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Another energy-related concept is called the Lagrangian, after Joseph-Louis Lagrange. This formalism is as fundamental as the Hamiltonian, and both can be used to derive the equations of motion or be derived from them. It was invented in the context of classical mechanics, but is generally useful in modern physics. The Lagrangian is defined as the kinetic energy minus the potential energy. Usually, the Lagrange formalism is mathematically more convenient than the Hamiltonian for non-conservative systems (such as systems with friction). Question: What is another energy-related concept? Answer: Lagrangian Question: Who is the Lagrangian named after? Answer: Joseph-Louis Lagrange Question: What is defined as the kinetic energy minus the potential energy? Answer: Lagrangian Question: Is the Lagrange formalism or the Hamiltonian more convenient for non-conservative systems? Answer: Lagrange formalism Question: What is another non-energy-related concept? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who is the Lestrangian named after? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is defined as the potential energy minus the kinetic energy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Is the Lagrange formalism or the Hamiltonian more convenient for conservative systems? Answer: Unanswerable Question: This non-formalism is as fundamental as what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In response to attribution of recent climate change, the City of Melbourne, in 2002, set a target to reduce carbon emissions to net zero by 2020 and Moreland City Council established the Zero Moreland program, however not all metropolitan municipalities have followed, with the City of Glen Eira notably deciding in 2009 not to become carbon neutral. Melbourne has one of the largest urban footprints in the world due to its low density housing, resulting in a vast suburban sprawl, with a high level of car dependence and minimal public transport outside of inner areas. Much of the vegetation within the city are non-native species, most of European origin, and in many cases plays host to invasive species and noxious weeds. Significant introduced urban pests include the common myna, feral pigeon, brown rat, European wasp, common starling and red fox. Many outlying suburbs, particularly towards the Yarra Valley and the hills to the north-east and east, have gone for extended periods without regenerative fires leading to a lack of saplings and undergrowth in urbanised native bushland. The Department of Sustainability and Environment partially addresses this problem by regularly burning off. Several national parks have been designated around the urban area of Melbourne, including the Mornington Peninsula National Park, Port Phillip Heads Marine National Park and Point Nepean National Park in the south east, Organ Pipes National Park to the north and Dandenong Ranges National Park to the east. There are also a number of significant state parks just outside Melbourne. Responsibility for regulating pollution falls under the jurisdiction of the EPA Victoria and several local councils. Air pollution, by world standards, is classified as being good. Summer and autumn are the worst times of year for atmospheric haze in the urban area. Question: In what year did Melbourne set a target to reduce carbon emissions to net zero? Answer: 2002 Question: By what year did Melbourne state it wished to be completely carbon neutral? Answer: 2020 Question: Which city notably opted not to become carbon neutral in 2009? Answer: City of Glen Eira Question: Does Melbourne have one of the largest or smallest carbon footprints in the world? Answer: largest Question: Who is responsible for regulating pollution in Melbourne? Answer: EPA Victoria and several local councils
Context: In 1578, Elizabeth I granted a patent to Humphrey Gilbert for discovery and overseas exploration. That year, Gilbert sailed for the West Indies with the intention of engaging in piracy and establishing a colony in North America, but the expedition was aborted before it had crossed the Atlantic. In 1583 he embarked on a second attempt, on this occasion to the island of Newfoundland whose harbour he formally claimed for England, although no settlers were left behind. Gilbert did not survive the return journey to England, and was succeeded by his half-brother, Walter Raleigh, who was granted his own patent by Elizabeth in 1584. Later that year, Raleigh founded the colony of Roanoke on the coast of present-day North Carolina, but lack of supplies caused the colony to fail. Question: When did Humphrey Gilbert first set sail for the West Indies? Answer: 1578 Question: When was Humphrey Gilbert's second attempt to set sail? Answer: 1583 Question: What was Humphrey Gilbert's second destination? Answer: Newfoundland Question: Who was Humphrey Gilbert's half-brother? Answer: Walter Raleigh Question: What colony did Walter Raleigh found? Answer: Roanoke
Context: The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP. Question: What did the World Economic Forum's Global Competetiveness Report Rank Switzerland's economy as? Answer: the most competitive in the world Question: What was the gross median estimate of household income in Switzerland in 2007? Answer: 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity Question: What was Switzerland's median income in 2007? Answer: 95,824 USD Question: How did the European Union rank Switzerland's economy? Answer: Europe's most innovative country
Context: Before the introduction of the brown tree snake, Guam was home to several endemic bird species. Among them were the Guam rail (or ko'ko' bird in Chamorro) and the Guam flycatcher, both common throughout the island. Today the flycatcher is entirely extinct while the Guam rail is extinct in the wild but bred in captivity by the Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources. The devastation caused by the snake has been significant over the past several decades. As many as twelve bird species are believed to have been driven to extinction. According to many elders, ko'ko' birds were common in Guam before World War II. Question: What are the names of the two native birds in Guam before the brown snake intrusion? Answer: Guam rail (or ko'ko' bird in Chamorro) and the Guam flycatcher Question: How many bird species have been driven to extinction in Guam? Answer: twelve bird species Question: What other bird was very common before WWII according to the elders? Answer: ko'ko' birds Question: What is thought to have been the first bird species on Guam? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the most populous Guam bird prior to World War II? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the least populous bird on Guam before World War II? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which bird species was first driven to extinction by brown tree snakes? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Since 2005, Iran's nuclear program has become the subject of contention with the international community following earlier quotes of Iranian leadership favoring the use of an atomic bomb against Iran's enemies and in particular Israel. Many countries have expressed concern that Iran's nuclear program could divert civilian nuclear technology into a weapons program. This has led the UN Security Council to impose sanctions against Iran which had further isolated Iran politically and economically from the rest of the global community. In 2009, the US Director of National Intelligence said that Iran, if choosing to, would not be able to develop a nuclear weapon until 2013. Question: Iran's nuclear program has caused discord within the international community since when? Answer: Since 2005 Question: Which country did Iran's leadership was quoted as being a possible target of its atomic weapons? Answer: Israel Question: Who imposed sanctions against Iran as a result of Iran's nuclear program? Answer: UN Security Council Question: When was it estimated by the US Director of National Intelligence that Iran would be able to develop a nuclear weapon? Answer: 2013
Context: The inevitable march to civil war and the combat in Madrid resulted in the removal of the capital of the Republic to Valencia. On 6 November 1936 the city became the capital of Republican Spain under the control of the prime minister Manuel Azana; the government moved to the Palau de Benicarló, its ministries occupying various other buildings. The city was heavily bombarded by air and sea, necessitating the construction of over two hundred bomb shelters to protect the population. On 13 January 1937 the city was first shelled by a vessel of the Fascist Italian Navy, which was blockading the port by the order of Benito Mussolini. The bombardment intensified and inflicted massive destruction on several occasions; by the end of the war the city had survived 442 bombardments, leaving 2,831 dead and 847 wounded, although it is estimated that the death toll was higher, as the data given are those recognised by Francisco Franco's government. The Republican government passed to Juan Negrín on 17 May 1937 and on 31 October of that year moved to Barcelona. On 30 March 1939 Valencia surrendered and the Nationalist troops entered the city. The postwar years were a time of hardship for Valencians. During Franco's regime speaking or teaching Valencian was prohibited; in a significant reversal it is now compulsory for every schoolchild in Valencia. Question: Who was prime minister in 1936? Answer: Manuel Azana Question: What building did the government move to in 1936? Answer: Palau de Benicarló Question: How many bomb shelters were built? Answer: over two hundred Question: When did the Italian Navy first attack Valencia? Answer: 13 January 1937 Question: Where did the government relocate to in 1937? Answer: Barcelona
Context: In 2003, the remains of a mosaic pavement were discovered under the ruins of the Bizere Monastery near the River Mureş in present-day Romania. The panels depict real or fantastic animal, floral, solar and geometric representations. Some archeologists supposed that it was the floor of an Orthodox church, built some time between the 10th and 11th century. Other experts claim that it was part of the later Catholic monastery on the site because it shows the signs of strong Italianate influence. The monastery was situated that time in the territory of the Kingdom of Hungary. Question: when were mosaic pavements uncovered at the Bizere Monastery? Answer: 2003 Question: Where would the Bizere Monastery be located today? Answer: Romania Question: When were the mosaics at Bizere Monastery created? Answer: between the 10th and 11th century Question: In what kingdom was the Bizere Monastery located? Answer: Hungary
Context: Collectively encompassing more than 900 million adherents, or nearly forty percent of Christians worldwide, Protestantism is present on all populated continents.[t] The movement is more divided theologically and ecclesiastically than either Eastern Orthodoxy or Roman Catholicism, lacking both structural unity and central human authority. Some Protestant churches do have a worldwide scope and distribution of membership (notably, the Anglican Communion), while others are confined to a single country, or even are solitary church bodies or congregations (such as the former Prussian Union of churches). Nondenominational, evangelical, independent and other churches are on the rise, and constitute a significant part of Protestant Christianity. Question: What percentage of Christians are Protestant? Answer: nearly forty percent Question: Which continents have some form of Protestantism? Answer: all populated continents Question: What types of Protestantism are increasing? Answer: Nondenominational, evangelical, independent and other churches Question: What Protestant church has members around the world? Answer: the Anglican Communion Question: How many people are considered Protestant? Answer: more than 900 million
Context: Pitt's Act was deemed a failure because it quickly became apparent that the boundaries between government control and the company's powers were nebulous and highly subjective. The government felt obliged to respond to humanitarian calls for better treatment of local peoples in British-occupied territories. Edmund Burke, a former East India Company shareholder and diplomat, was moved to address the situation and introduced a new Regulating Bill in 1783. The bill was defeated amid lobbying by company loyalists and accusations of nepotism in the bill's recommendations for the appointment of councillors. Question: The name of the Act that was a failure in creating bourdaries for the Crown and the EIC for being subjective? Answer: Pitt's Act Question: after the Pitt act the Crown began to focus more on _______ efforts of its people in it territories? Answer: humanitarian Question: what was the name of the person who was once a large shareholder in EIC and talk to the issues with with the new Regulating bill in 1793? Answer: Edmund Burke Question: Was the new Regulating Bill of 1793 passed or defeated? Answer: defeated Question: What is the name of the Act that was a success in creating boundaries for the Crown and the EIC for being subjective? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Was the new Regulating Bill of 1791 passed or defeated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the only East India Company shareholder? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of calls did the government ignore? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The terms 'federalism' and 'confederalism' both have a root in the Latin word foedus, meaning treaty, pact or covenant. Their common meaning until the late eighteenth century was a simple league or inter-governmental relationship among sovereign states based upon a treaty. They were therefore initially synonyms. It was in this sense that James Madison in Federalist 39 had referred to the new United States as 'neither a national nor a federal Constitution, but a composition of both' (ie. neither a single large unitary state nor a league/confederation among several small states, but a hybrid of the two). In the course of the nineteenth century the meaning of federalism would come to shift, strengthening to refer uniquely to the novel compound political form, while the meaning of confederalism would remain at a league of states. Thus, this article relates to the modern usage of the word 'federalism'. Question: What is the Latin word for federalism? Answer: foedus Question: What was federalism and confederalism common meaning in the 18th century? Answer: a simple league or inter-governmental relationship among sovereign states based upon a treaty. Question: What did James Madison referred to the new United States as? Answer: 'neither a national nor a federal Constitution, but a composition of both Question: What isn't the Latin word for federalism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was federalism and confederalism common meaning in the 17th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did James Madison referred to the old United States as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did John Madison referred to the new United States as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did James Madison referred to the new United Nations as? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: All animals have eukaryotic cells, surrounded by a characteristic extracellular matrix composed of collagen and elastic glycoproteins. This may be calcified to form structures like shells, bones, and spicules. During development, it forms a relatively flexible framework upon which cells can move about and be reorganized, making complex structures possible. In contrast, other multicellular organisms, like plants and fungi, have cells held in place by cell walls, and so develop by progressive growth. Also, unique to animal cells are the following intercellular junctions: tight junctions, gap junctions, and desmosomes. Question: What type of cells do all animals have? Answer: eukaryotic Question: What is the extracellular matrix surrounding eukaryotic cells made of? Answer: collagen and elastic glycoproteins Question: What is formed when the collagen and elastic glycoproteins surrounding eukaryotic cells are calcified? Answer: shells, bones, and spicules Question: How are cells held in place in plants and fungi? Answer: cell walls Question: What are the intercellular junctions unique to animal cells? Answer: tight junctions, gap junctions, and desmosomes
Context: The bel (B) and the smaller decibel (dB) are units of measurement of sound intensity invented by Bell Labs and named after him. [N 28] Since 1976 the IEEE's Alexander Graham Bell Medal has been awarded to honor outstanding contributions in the field of telecommunications. Question: What unit is named after Bell? Answer: The bel Question: What does the bel and decibel measure? Answer: sound intensity Question: What lab invented the term "bel." Answer: Bell Labs Question: In what field is the Alexander Graham Bell Medal given out? Answer: telecommunications Question: What was the first year the Alexander Graham Bell Medal was given out? Answer: 1976
Context: MIME defines two different mechanisms for encoding non-ASCII characters in email, depending on whether the characters are in email headers (such as the "Subject:"), or in the text body of the message; in both cases, the original character set is identified as well as a transfer encoding. For email transmission of Unicode the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding are recommended, depending on whether much of the message consists of ASCII-characters. The details of the two different mechanisms are specified in the MIME standards and generally are hidden from users of email software. Question: What is recommended for email transmission of Unicode? Answer: the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding Question: Where are the details of the two mechanisms for email transmission specified? Answer: MIME standards Question: How many different mechanisms does MIME define for encoding Unicode in email? Answer: two different mechanisms Question: How many ways can ASCII characters be encoded in an email? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is another way to refer to the text body? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What specifications are visible to the user? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When is Base64 not recommended? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The first technical dictionary was drafted by John Harris and entitled Lexicon Technicum: Or, An Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. Harris' book avoided theological and biographical entries; instead it concentrated on science and technology. Published in 1704, the Lexicon technicum was the first book to be written in English that took a methodical approach to describing mathematics and commercial arithmetic along with the physical sciences and navigation. Other technical dictionaries followed Harris' model, including Ephraim Chambers' Cyclopaedia (1728), which included five editions, and was a substantially larger work than Harris'. The folio edition of the work even included foldout engravings. The Cyclopaedia emphasized Newtonian theories, Lockean philosophy, and contained thorough examinations of technologies, such as engraving, brewing, and dyeing. Question: Who drafted the first technical dictionary? Answer: John Harris Question: What was the first technical dictionary drafted by John Harris titled? Answer: Lexicon Technicum: Or, An Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences Question: Did the Lexicon Technicum focus on theological and biographical entries or science and technology? Answer: science and technology Question: What year was the Lexicon Technicum published? Answer: 1704 Question: In what language was the Lexicon Technicum written? Answer: English
Context: The Romans are known for the great number of deities they honored, a capacity that earned the mockery of early Christian polemicists. The presence of Greeks on the Italian peninsula from the beginning of the historical period influenced Roman culture, introducing some religious practices that became as fundamental as the cult of Apollo. The Romans looked for common ground between their major gods and those of the Greeks (interpretatio graeca), adapting Greek myths and iconography for Latin literature and Roman art. Etruscan religion was also a major influence, particularly on the practice of augury. Question: How deities did the Romans have? Answer: great number Question: What group was an influence to Roman culture? Answer: Greeks Question: What sort of practices did the Greeks offer to Rome's culture? Answer: religious Question: What myths did the Romans adapt to their needs? Answer: Greek Question: What religion influenced augury for the Romans? Answer: Etruscan
Context: Solar chemical processes use solar energy to drive chemical reactions. These processes offset energy that would otherwise come from a fossil fuel source and can also convert solar energy into storable and transportable fuels. Solar induced chemical reactions can be divided into thermochemical or photochemical. A variety of fuels can be produced by artificial photosynthesis. The multielectron catalytic chemistry involved in making carbon-based fuels (such as methanol) from reduction of carbon dioxide is challenging; a feasible alternative is hydrogen production from protons, though use of water as the source of electrons (as plants do) requires mastering the multielectron oxidation of two water molecules to molecular oxygen. Some have envisaged working solar fuel plants in coastal metropolitan areas by 2050 – the splitting of sea water providing hydrogen to be run through adjacent fuel-cell electric power plants and the pure water by-product going directly into the municipal water system. Another vision involves all human structures covering the earth's surface (i.e., roads, vehicles and buildings) doing photosynthesis more efficiently than plants. Question: What is a possible alternative to making carbon-based fuels from reduction of carbon dioxide? Answer: hydrogen production from protons Question: What process converts solar energy into storable and transportable fuels? Answer: Solar chemical processes Question: What solar process can be used to produce different fuels? Answer: artificial photosynthesis
Context: The modernist views hold that classical music is considered primarily a written musical tradition, preserved in music notation, as opposed to being transmitted orally, by rote, or by recordings of particular performances.[citation needed] While there are differences between particular performances of a classical work, a piece of classical music is generally held to transcend any interpretation of it. The use of musical notation is an effective method for transmitting classical music, since the written music contains the technical instructions for performing the work. Question: What type of view is that classical music is primarily written musical tradition? Answer: modernist Question: Musical notation is effective for what? Answer: transmitting classical music Question: Why is written musical notation effective? Answer: contains the technical instructions for performing the work
Context: These years saw an evolution in the participation of Empress Dowager Cixi (Wade–Giles: Tz'u-Hsi) in state affairs. She entered the imperial palace in the 1850s as a concubine to the Xianfeng Emperor (r. 1850–1861) and came to power in 1861 after her five-year-old son, the Tongzhi Emperor ascended the throne. She, the Empress Dowager Ci'an (who had been Xianfeng's empress), and Prince Gong (a son of the Daoguang Emperor), staged a coup that ousted several regents for the boy emperor. Between 1861 and 1873, she and Ci'an served as regents, choosing the reign title "Tongzhi" (ruling together). Following the emperor's death in 1875, Cixi's nephew, the Guangxu Emperor, took the throne, in violation of the dynastic custom that the new emperor be of the next generation, and another regency began. In the spring of 1881, Ci'an suddenly died, aged only forty-three, leaving Cixi as sole regent. Question: What was the name of Xianfeng's concubine? Answer: Cixi Question: Who was Cixi's son? Answer: Tongzhi Question: When did Tongzhi Emperor die? Answer: 1875 Question: Who took over from Tongzhi? Answer: Guangxu
Context: The only extant depiction of Edward's abbey, together with the adjacent Palace of Westminster, is in the Bayeux Tapestry. Some of the lower parts of the monastic dormitory, an extension of the South Transept, survive in the Norman undercroft of the Great School, including a door said to come from the previous Saxon abbey. Increased endowments supported a community increased from a dozen monks in Dunstan's original foundation, up to a maximum about eighty monks, although there was also a large community of lay brothers who supported the monastery's extensive property and activities. Question: Where is the only existant depiction of Edward's abbey? Answer: Bayeux Tapestry Question: What was the original size of Dunstan's original monk community? Answer: a dozen Question: How was the community able to increase? Answer: endowments Question: What is adjacent the abbey? Answer: Palace of Westminster Question: Where is the only nonexistant depiction of Edward's abbey? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the final size of Dunstan's original monk community? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How was the community unable to increase? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How was the community able to decrease? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is far away from the abbey? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. Question: Traffic patterns are usually flown at what altitude above ground level? Answer: 800 or 1,000 ft Question: What does AGL stand for? Answer: above ground level Question: Are standard traffic patterns right-handed or left-handed? Answer: left-handed Question: What is one of the main reasons pilots sit on the left side of the airplane? Answer: Standard traffic patterns are left-handed Question: At what altitude are ATC patterns flown to avoid mountains? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why are runway designs left-handed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the runway consist of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does improving visibilitiy by using a right handed pattern do for the ATC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does usually using a right-handed pattern as standard help pilots do? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Social predation offers the possibility of predators to kill creatures larger than those that members of the species could overpower singly. Lions, hyenas, wolves, dholes, African wild dogs, and piranhas can kill large herbivores that single animals of the same species usually don't dispatch. Social predation allows some animals to organize hunts of creatures that would easily escape a single predator; thus chimpanzees can prey upon colobus monkeys, and Harris's hawks can cut off all possible escapes for a doomed rabbit. Extreme specialization of roles is evident in some hunting that requires co-operation between predators of very different species: humans with the aid of falcons or dogs, or fishing with cormorants. Social predation is often very complex behavior, and not all social creatures (for example, domestic cats) perform it. Even without complex intelligence but instinct alone, some ant species can destroy much larger creatures. Question: What hunting style allows chimpanzees to prey upon colobus monkeys? Answer: Social predation Question: What is an example of co-coperation between predators of different species? Answer: humans with the aid of falcons or dogs, or fishing with cormorants Question: What is a species that does not perform social predation? Answer: domestic cats) Question: What are some species that use social predation to prey on animals much larger than themselves? Answer: Lions, hyenas, wolves, dholes, African wild dogs, and piranhas Question: What method does a rabbit use to evade a group of predators? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who aids a rabbit to escape a predator through cooperation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do some fish use to kill larger creatures? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What method allows herbivores to attack a group of predators? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Harris realize that happens between humans and chimpanzees so they can work together? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Ephesus is a cultic centre of Mary, the site of the first Church dedicated to her and the rumoured place of her death. Ephesus was previously a centre for worship of Artemis a virgin goddess. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus being regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World The cult of Mary was furthered by Queen Theodora in the 6th Century. According to William E. Phipps, in the book Survivals of Roman Religion "Gordon Laing argues convincingly that the worship of Artemis as both virgin and mother at the grand Ephesian temple contributed to the veneration of Mary." Question: Where is the site of the first Church dedicated to Mary? Answer: Ephesus Question: Which goddess was worshipped in Ephesus before Mary? Answer: Artemis Question: Who was the author of the book, "Survivals of Roman Religion?" Answer: William E. Phipps Question: Which Queen furthered the cult of Mary in the 6th Century? Answer: Queen Theodora Question: Where was Mary rumored to have died? Answer: Ephesus Question: Where was the place of Artemis' death? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what century did Queen Theodora meet Gordon Laing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who read the book, "Survivals of Roman Religion"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Queen regarded The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the birthplace of Artemis? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Faced with growing separatism, Gorbachev sought to restructure the Soviet Union into a less centralized state. On August 20, 1991, the Russian SFSR was scheduled to sign a New Union Treaty that would have converted the Soviet Union into a federation of independent republics with a common president, foreign policy and military. It was strongly supported by the Central Asian republics, which needed the economic advantages of a common market to prosper. However, it would have meant some degree of continued Communist Party control over economic and social life. Question: What was Gorbachev attempting to decentralize? Answer: Soviet Union Question: What was supposed to be signed on August 20? Answer: New Union Treaty Question: Who supported the treaty? Answer: Central Asian republics, Question: What would have maintained power if the treaty was signed? Answer: Communist Party
Context: Filming started in Austria in December 2014, with production taking in the area around Sölden—including the Ötztal Glacier Road, Rettenbach glacier and the adjacent ski resort and cable car station—and Obertilliach and Lake Altaussee, before concluding in February 2015. Scenes filmed in Austria centred on the Ice Q Restaurant, standing in for the fictional Hoffler Klinik, a private medical clinic in the Austrian Alps. Filming included an action scene featuring a Land Rover Defender Bigfoot and a Range Rover Sport. Production was temporarily halted first by an injury to Craig, who sprained his knee whilst shooting a fight scene, and later by an accident involving a filming vehicle that saw three crew members injured, at least one of them seriously. Question: When did Spectre begin production in Austria? Answer: December 2014 Question: When did the Austrian filming of Spectre finish? Answer: February 2015 Question: What location was the focus of the Austrian leg of Spectre's production? Answer: Ice Q Restaurant Question: What part of his body did Craig injure? Answer: knee Question: What building was used in the film as the Hoffler Klinik? Answer: Ice Q Restaurant Question: Where was the Hoffler Klinik supposed to be located? Answer: Austrian Alps. Question: Near what glacier in Austria was filming done? Answer: Rettenbach glacier Question: Filming started in Australia when? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Scenes filmed in Australia centered on what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What stood in for the real Hoffler Klinik? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The fictional Hoffler Klinik is a public medical what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the real Hoffler Klinik located? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In January 2002, the United States Special Operations Command, Pacific deployed to the Philippines to advise and assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines in combating Filipino Islamist groups. The operations were mainly focused on removing the Abu Sayyaf group and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) from their stronghold on the island of Basilan. The second portion of the operation was conducted as a humanitarian program called "Operation Smiles". The goal of the program was to provide medical care and services to the region of Basilan as part of a "Hearts and Minds" program. Joint Special Operations Task Force – Philippines disbanded in June 2014, ending a 14-year mission. After JSOTF-P disbanded, as late as November 2014, American forces continued to operate in the Philippines under the name "PACOM Augmentation Team". Question: Where did the USSOC Pacific deploy to in Jan 2002? Answer: Philippines Question: What was the goal of the 2002 Philippines deployment? Answer: combating Filipino Islamist groups Question: What was the main Filipino Islamist group being attacked? Answer: Abu Sayyaf Question: What humanitarian effort followed the 2002 military operation in the Philippines? Answer: Operation Smiles Question: What did Operation Smiles do for the Philippines? Answer: provide medical care and services to the region of Basilan Question: What island did Abu Islamiyah and Jemaah Sayyaf have a stronghold on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the goal of "Smiles Operation?" Answer: Unanswerable Question: What disbanded in November 2014? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who operated under the name "PAMOC Augmentation Team?" Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was deployed to help the Filipino Islamist groups? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long had the Abu Sayyaf group been in Basilan? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did PACOM Augmentation Team rename itself as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name of the operation to remove Abu Sayyaf? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was the headquarters of the Armed Forces of the Philippines? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: As a doctoral student at Germany's University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Karlheinz Brandenburg began working on digital music compression in the early 1980s, focusing on how people perceive music. He completed his doctoral work in 1989. MP3 is directly descended from OCF and PXFM, representing the outcome of the collaboration of Brandenburg—working as a postdoc at AT&T-Bell Labs with James D. Johnston ("JJ") of AT&T-Bell Labs—with the Fraunhofer Institut for Integrated Circuits, Erlangen, with relatively minor contributions from the MP2 branch of psychoacoustic sub-band coders. In 1990, Brandenburg became an assistant professor at Erlangen-Nuremberg. While there, he continued to work on music compression with scientists at the Fraunhofer Society (in 1993 he joined the staff of the Fraunhofer Institute). Question: What kind of student was Karlheinz Brandenburg? Answer: doctoral Question: When did Karlheinz start working on digitmal music compression? Answer: early 1980s Question: Where did Bradenburg become an assistant professor at? Answer: Erlangen-Nuremberg Question: Who did Brandenburg work with in music compression? Answer: Fraunhofer Society Question: When did Brandenburg join the Fraunhofen Institute? Answer: 1993
Context: The term heresy is from Greek αἵρεσις originally meant "choice" or "thing chosen", but it came to mean the "party or school of a man's choice" and also referred to that process whereby a young person would examine various philosophies to determine how to live. The word "heresy" is usually used within a Christian, Jewish, or Islamic context, and implies slightly different meanings in each. The founder or leader of a heretical movement is called a heresiarch, while individuals who espouse heresy or commit heresy are known as heretics. Heresiology is the study of heresy. Question: What language does the term heresy find its roots in? Answer: Greek Question: What is the relationship between the context heresy is used in for Christian, Jewish, or Islamic cultures? Answer: slightly different Question: What is the head person of a heretical movement called? Answer: heresiarch Question: What is the study of heresy? Answer: Heresiology Question: What is the original meaning of heresy when translated directly from its root word? Answer: "choice" or "thing chosen" Question: What does heresey mean in Latin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the term for the process by wich a person learns to live a religious life? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What three religions have the same meaning for heresy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Whhat is the sudy of how to live? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The longest-lived breeds, including Toy Poodles, Japanese Spitz, Border Terriers, and Tibetan Spaniels, have median longevities of 14 to 15 years. The median longevity of mixed-breed dogs, taken as an average of all sizes, is one or more years longer than that of purebred dogs when all breeds are averaged. The dog widely reported to be the longest-lived is "Bluey", who died in 1939 and was claimed to be 29.5 years old at the time of his death. On 5 December 2011, Pusuke, the world's oldest living dog recognized by Guinness Book of World Records, died aged 26 years and 9 months. Question: What is the average length of years of life for canines with long lifespans? Answer: 14 to 15 years. Question: What is the name of the canine that is reported to have lived the longest? Answer: Bluey Question: What is the name of the dog in the Guinness Book of World Records for longest lived? Answer: Pusuke Question: What year did the dog die that is reported to be the longest lived but not officially in a record book? Answer: 1939 Question: What was the name of the dog who lived to be 29.5 years? Answer: Bluey Question: When did Bluey die? Answer: 1939 Question: Who did the Guinness Book of World Records say was the oldest dog in 2011? Answer: Pusuke
Context: On January 6, 2016, the league took over "ownership and operational control" of the Portland Thunder from its previous owners. The AFL stated this move was made after months of trying work out an arrangement "to provide financial and operational support." On February 3, 2016, it was announced that the franchise will start from scratch and no longer be called the "Thunder" as the name and trademarks belong to former franchise owner Terry Emmert (similar to the Jerry Jones move with the Desperados). AFL commissioner Scott Butera announced that a new identity will be announced at a later date. Question: On what date did the AFL take control of one of its teams? Answer: January 6, 2016 Question: What team did the league take control of? Answer: Portland Thunder Question: Who owned the trademark to the Portland Thunder? Answer: Terry Emmert Question: Who owned the Desperados trademarks? Answer: Jerry Jones Question: Who is commissioner of the Arena Football League? Answer: Scott Butera
Context: Detroit techno is an offshoot of Chicago house music. It was developed starting in the late 80s, one of the earliest hits being "Big Fun" by Inner City. Detroit techno developed as the legendary disc jockey The Electrifying Mojo conducted his own radio program at this time, influencing the fusion of eclectic sounds into the signature Detroit techno sound. This sound, also influenced by European electronica (Kraftwerk, Art of Noise), Japanese synthpop (Yellow Magic Orchestra), early B-boy Hip-Hop (Man Parrish, Soul Sonic Force) and Italo disco (Doctor's Cat, Ris, Klein M.B.O.), was further pioneered by Juan Atkins, Derrick May, and Kevin Saunderson, the "godfathers" of Detroit Techno.[citation needed] Question: what was one of the earliest Detroit techno hits? Answer: "Big Fun" by Inner City Question: who started the Detroit techno development? Answer: The Electrifying Mojo Question: what was the nickname of juan atkins, derrick may, and devin saunderson? Answer: the "godfathers" of Detroit Techno Question: who were the early b-boy hip-hop artists that inspired detroit techno? Answer: Man Parrish, Soul Sonic Force Question: who were the european electronica artists that inspired detroit techno? Answer: Kraftwerk, Art of Noise Question: What was one of the earliest Parrish techno hits? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who started the Parrish techno development? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the nickname of Juan Kraftwerk, Derrick Saunderson, and Devin May? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who were the early b-boy hip-hop artists that inspired Yellow techno? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who were the European electronica artists that inspired Yellow Techno? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Finally, on 26 June, four days after France sued for an armistice with the Third Reich, the Soviet Union issued an ultimatum demanding Bessarabia and, unexpectedly, Northern Bukovina from Romania. Two days later, the Romanians caved to the Soviet demands and the Soviets occupied the territory. The Hertza region was initially not requested by the USSR but was later occupied by force after the Romanians agreed to the initial Soviet demands. The subsequent waves of deportations began in Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina. Question: How many days after France sued for peace did the Romanians meet the requests of the USSR? Answer: 6 Question: What month did France sue for peace? Answer: June Question: How many days did it take for the Romanians give into the Soviets requests? Answer: Two days Question: How many days after France sued for peace did the Romanians reject the requests of the USSR? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What month didn't France sue for peace? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What month did France sue for war? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many days didn't it take for the Romanians give into the Soviets requests? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many days did it take for the Romanians reject the Soviets requests? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: One of the most complex characters found in modern Chinese dictionaries[g] is 齉 (U+9F49) (nàng, listen (help·info), pictured below, middle image), meaning "snuffle" (that is, a pronunciation marred by a blocked nose), with "just" thirty-six strokes. However, this is not in common use. The most complex character that can be input using the Microsoft New Phonetic IME 2002a for traditional Chinese is 龘 (dá, "the appearance of a dragon flying"). It is composed of the dragon radical represented three times, for a total of 16 × 3 = 48 strokes. Among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries and also in frequent modern use are 籲 (yù, "to implore"), with 32 strokes; 鬱 (yù, "luxuriant, lush; gloomy"), with 29 strokes, as in 憂鬱 (yōuyù, "depressed"); 豔 (yàn, "colorful"), with 28 strokes; and 釁 (xìn, "quarrel"), with 25 strokes, as in 挑釁 (tiǎoxìn, "to pick a fight"). Also in occasional modern use is 鱻 (xiān "fresh"; variant of 鮮 xiān) with 33 strokes. Question: What is one of the most complex characters in modern Chinese dictionaries? Answer: U+9F49 Question: What features 33 strokes? Answer: xiān Question: What are among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries? Answer: yù

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