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Context: Communication within peer groups allows adolescents to explore their feelings and identity as well as develop and evaluate their social skills. Peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop social skills such as empathy, sharing, and leadership. Adolescents choose peer groups based on characteristics similarly found in themselves. By utilizing these relationships, adolescents become more accepting of who they are becoming. Group norms and values are incorporated into an adolescent’s own self-concept. Through developing new communication skills and reflecting upon those of their peers, as well as self-opinions and values, an adolescent can share and express emotions and other concerns without fear of rejection or judgment. Peer groups can have positive influences on an individual, such as on academic motivation and performance. However, while peers may facilitate social development for one another they may also hinder it. Peers can have negative influences, such as encouraging experimentation with drugs, drinking, vandalism, and stealing through peer pressure. Susceptibility to peer pressure increases during early adolescence, peaks around age 14, and declines thereafter. Further evidence of peers hindering social development has been found in Spanish teenagers, where emotional (rather than solution-based) reactions to problems and emotional instability have been linked with physical aggression against peers. Both physical and relational aggression are linked to a vast number of enduring psychological difficulties, especially depression, as is social rejection. Because of this, bullied adolescents often develop problems that lead to further victimization. Bullied adolescents are both more likely to continued to be bullied and to bully others in the future. However, this relationship is less stable in cases of cyberbullying, a relatively new issue among adolescents. Question: What is one area in which peer groups can have positive influences on an individual? Answer: academic motivation and performance Question: What are some of the negative experiences that peer pressure can influence during adolescence? Answer: experimentation with drugs, drinking, vandalism, and stealing Question: At what age does succeptability to peer pressure peak? Answer: 14 Question: What are some social skills that peer groups offer members the opportunity to develop? Answer: empathy, sharing, and leadership
Context: In 2014, the league announced the granting of a new franchise to former Mötley Crüe frontman Vince Neil, previously part-owner of the Jacksonville Sharks. That franchise, the Las Vegas Outlaws, were originally to play in Las Vegas at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in 2015, but instead played their home games at the Thomas & Mack Center, previous home to the Las Vegas Sting and Las Vegas Gladiators. After 20 years as a familiar name to the league, an AFL mainstay, the Iowa Barnstormers, departed the league to join the Indoor Football League. The San Antonio Talons folded on October 13, 2014, after the league (which owned the team) failed to find a new owner. On November 16, 2014, despite a successful season record-wise, the Pittsburgh Power became the second team to cease operations after the 2014 season. This resulted from poor attendance. It was later announced by the league that the Power would go dormant for 2015 and were looking for new ownership. Question: What band was Vince Neil a part of? Answer: Mötley Crüe Question: What was the name of the Las Vegas team owned by Vince Neil? Answer: Outlaws Question: What was the original intended home field of the Las Vegas Outlaws? Answer: MGM Grand Garden Arena Question: Where did the Outlaws play their home games? Answer: the Thomas & Mack Center Question: Along with the Las Vegas Gladiators, what prior AFL team played its home games at the Thomas & Mack Center? Answer: Las Vegas Sting
Context: This effectively means that populations of organisms must have reached a certain measurable level of difference to be recognised as subspecies. Dean Amadon proposed in 1949 that subspecies would be defined according to the seventy-five percent rule which means that 75% of a population must lie outside 99% of the range of other populations for a given defining morphological character or a set of characters. The seventy-five percent rule still has defenders but other scholars argue that it should be replaced with ninety or ninety-five percent rule. Question: What must organisms have a measurable level of to be seen as a subspecies? Answer: difference Question: Who proposed subspecies be defined by the seventy-five percent rule? Answer: Dean Amadon Question: What year did Dean Amadon make his proposal? Answer: 1949 Question: The 75% rule states how much of a population must lie outside the range of other populations for a defining set of characters? Answer: 99% Question: Many scholars argue what should be replaced with a ninety or ninety-five percent rule? Answer: The seventy-five percent rule
Context: Tuvalu participates in the work of Secretariat of the Pacific Community, or SPC (sometimes Pacific Community) and is a member of the Pacific Islands Forum, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. Tuvalu has maintained a mission at the United Nations in New York City since 2000. Tuvalu is a member of the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. On 18 February 2016 Tuvalu signed the Pacific Islands Development Forum Charter and formally joined the Pacific Islands Development Forum (PIDF). Question: In what group is Tuvalu involved? Answer: Secretariat of the Pacific Community Question: In which forum group is Tuvalu a member? Answer: Pacific Islands Forum Question: In which British group is Tuvalu a member? Answer: Commonwealth of Nations Question: To what world organization does Tuvalu belong? Answer: United Nations Question: On what date did Tuvalu join the Pacific Islands Development Forum? Answer: 18 February 2016
Context: The Swazi bicameral Parliament or Libandla consists of the Senate (30 seats; 10 members appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; to serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats; 10 members appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; to serve five-year terms). The elections are held every five years after dissolution of parliament by the king. The last elections were held on 20 September 2013. The balloting is done on a non-party basis in all categories. All election procedures are overseen by the elections and boundaries commission. Question: How many seats are in the Senate of Swaziland? Answer: 30 seats Question: How many members are there in the Swazi House of Assembly? Answer: 65 Question: How many members of the Swazi House of Assembly are chosen by the king? Answer: 10 Question: When were the most recent elections in Swaziland? Answer: 20 September 2013 Question: Which group looks over elections in Swaziland? Answer: the elections and boundaries commission Question: Who appoints the house of assembly? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How often does the king dissolve the constitution? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is done on a party basis? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What group decides when elections will be held? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Himachal Pradesh is governed through a parliamentary system of representative democracy, a feature the state shares with other Indian states. Universal suffrage is granted to residents. The legislature consists of elected members and special office bearers such as the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker who are elected by the members. Assembly meetings are presided over by the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker in the Speaker's absence. The judiciary is composed of the Himachal Pradesh High Court and a system of lower courts. Executive authority is vested in the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister, although the titular head of government is the Governor. The Governor is the head of state appointed by the President of India. The leader of the party or coalition with a majority in the Legislative Assembly is appointed as the Chief Minister by the Governor, and the Council of Ministers are appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister. The Council of Ministers reports to the Legislative Assembly. The Assembly is unicameral with 68 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). Terms of office run for 5 years, unless the Assembly is dissolved prior to the completion of the term. Auxiliary authorities known as panchayats, for which local body elections are regularly held, govern local affairs. Question: What does the Himachal legislature consist of? Answer: elected members and special office bearers such as the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker who are elected by the members Question: Who presides over meetings? Answer: the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker in the Speaker's absence Question: Who is the Judiciary system made up of? Answer: Himachal Pradesh High Court and a system of lower courts. Question: Who is the head of state appointed by the President of India? Answer: The Governor Question: How long are the terms of office? Answer: 5 years, unless the Assembly is dissolved prior to the completion of the term Question: How many members are there in the Council of Ministers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: For how many years does a judiciary member serve? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who is the head of state appointed by the lower courts? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who is appointed as the Chief Minister by the President of India? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who are appointed by the MLA with advice from the President of India? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: According to eastern homeland theory, prior to becoming known to the Roman world, Slavic-speaking tribes were part of the many multi-ethnic confederacies of Eurasia – such as the Sarmatian, Hun and Gothic empires. The Slavs emerged from obscurity when the westward movement of Germans in the 5th and 6th centuries CE (thought to be in conjunction with the movement of peoples from Siberia and Eastern Europe: Huns, and later Avars and Bulgars) started the great migration of the Slavs, who settled the lands abandoned by Germanic tribes fleeing the Huns and their allies: westward into the country between the Oder and the Elbe-Saale line; southward into Bohemia, Moravia, much of present-day Austria, the Pannonian plain and the Balkans; and northward along the upper Dnieper river. Perhaps some Slavs migrated with the movement of the Vandals to Iberia and north Africa. Question: Slavic-speaking tribes were part of what prior to becoming known to the Roman world? Answer: multi-ethnic confederacies of Eurasia Question: What were some of the multi-ethnic confederacies of Eurasia? Answer: the Sarmatian, Hun and Gothic empires Question: Who started the great migration of the Slavs? Answer: Germans Question: Some Slavs migrated with the movement of the Vandals to where? Answer: Iberia and north Africa Question: Who were the Germanic tribes fleeing? Answer: the Huns and their allies Question: What empires were part of the Roman world? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Sarmatians move westward? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who settled in langs abandoned by the Slavs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was fleeing from the Germans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What theory suggests the Slavic tribes were unknown to the Roman world? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: New Haven is the birthplace of former president George W. Bush, who was born when his father, former president George H. W. Bush, was living in New Haven while a student at Yale. In addition to being the site of the college educations of both Presidents Bush, as Yale students, New Haven was also the temporary home of former presidents William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, and Bill Clinton, as well as Secretary of State John Kerry. President Clinton met his wife, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, while the two were students at Yale Law School. Former vice presidents John C. Calhoun and Dick Cheney also studied in New Haven (although the latter did not graduate from Yale). Before the 2008 election, the last time there was not a person with ties to New Haven and Yale on either major party's ticket was 1968. James Hillhouse, a New Haven native, served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate in 1801. Question: What former U.S. president was born in New Haven? Answer: George W. Bush Question: What New Haven institution did former U.S. president Bill Clinton and Hillary Rodham Clinton both attend? Answer: Yale Law School Question: What former U.S. vice president graduated from Yale University? Answer: John C. Calhoun Question: Prior to 2008, in what year did the last election occur in which neither major party had an individual on the ticket with a connection to New Haven and Yale University? Answer: 1968 Question: Who was the President pro tempore of the Senate in 1801 that was native to New Haven? Answer: James Hillhouse Question: Which former U.S. president have been born in New Haven? Answer: George W. Bush Question: Multiple president have studied at this popular college, you can guess the name of the university? Answer: Yale Question: Serving in President Obama's cabinet, this man has also studied at Yale, can you guess who? Answer: John Kerry Question: Yale University is heavily affiliate with our presidential candidates since what year? Answer: 1968
Context: After the Russian Revolution of 1917 guerrillas throughout Central Asia, known as basmachi, waged a war against Bolshevik armies in a futile attempt to maintain independence. The Bolsheviks prevailed after a four-year war, in which mosques and villages were burned down and the population heavily suppressed. Soviet authorities started a campaign of secularization, practicing Islam, Judaism, and Christianity was discouraged and repressed, and many mosques, churches, and synagogues were closed. As a consequence of the conflict and Soviet agriculture policies, Central Asia, Tajikistan included, suffered a famine that claimed many lives. Question: Who went to war against Bolshevick armies? Answer: guerrillas throughout Central Asia, known as basmachi Question: What did they go to war against Bolshevick? Answer: to maintain independence Question: Who won the war? Answer: The Bolsheviks Question: What religions were discourages so their places of worship were closed? Answer: Islam, Judaism, and Christianity Question: Guerrillas in Central Africa were known as what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which religions were encouraged after the four-year war? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which region did not suffer any famine? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who waged a war against British armies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What religious institutions were not closed? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On October 3, 2010, Public Safety Canada unveiled Canada’s Cyber Security Strategy, following a Speech from the Throne commitment to boost the security of Canadian cyberspace. The aim of the strategy is to strengthen Canada’s "cyber systems and critical infrastructure sectors, support economic growth and protect Canadians as they connect to each other and to the world." Three main pillars define the strategy: securing government systems, partnering to secure vital cyber systems outside the federal government, and helping Canadians to be secure online. The strategy involves multiple departments and agencies across the Government of Canada. The Cyber Incident Management Framework for Canada outlines these responsibilities, and provides a plan for coordinated response between government and other partners in the event of a cyber incident. The Action Plan 2010–2015 for Canada's Cyber Security Strategy outlines the ongoing implementation of the strategy. Question: When did Public Safety Canada unveil Canada's Cyber Security Strategy? Answer: October 3, 2010 Question: What outlines the ongoing implementation of the Cyber Security Strategy? Answer: The Action Plan 2010–2015 for Canada's Cyber Security Strategy Question: What outlines the responsibilities and provides a plan for coordination during a cyber incident? Answer: The Cyber Incident Management Framework for Canada Question: Canadian cyberspace was boosted by who? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Multiple departments were involved in what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of plan is provided? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why was a cyber security plan unveiled in October of 2010? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who is the security measure meant to help the most? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Public Safety Canada founded? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many departments does the new strategy involve? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who created the Action Plan? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the predecessor to Canada's Cyber Security Strategy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the Speech from the Throne? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: (The Ms 6.1 earthquake on August 30, 2008 in southern Sichuan was not part of this series because it was caused by a different fault. See 2008 Panzhihua earthquake for details.) Question: When did this earthquake occur? Answer: August 30, 2008 Question: Where did this earthquake occur? Answer: southern Sichuan Question: Why was it not included in the series? Answer: because it was caused by a different fault. Question: Where should you look for more details? Answer: 2008 Panzhihua earthquake Question: Where was the August 30, 2008 quake? Answer: southern Sichuan Question: What was the magnitude of the southern Sichuan quake? Answer: Ms 6.1 Question: What earthquake happened in southern Sichuan? Answer: Panzhihua earthquake
Context: The sweet wort collected from sparging is put into a kettle, or "copper" (so called because these vessels were traditionally made from copper), and boiled, usually for about one hour. During boiling, water in the wort evaporates, but the sugars and other components of the wort remain; this allows more efficient use of the starch sources in the beer. Boiling also destroys any remaining enzymes left over from the mashing stage. Hops are added during boiling as a source of bitterness, flavour and aroma. Hops may be added at more than one point during the boil. The longer the hops are boiled, the more bitterness they contribute, but the less hop flavour and aroma remains in the beer. Question: What is a kettle called that is used to boil sweet wort after sparging? Answer: copper Question: How long is sweet wort boiled for after sparging? Answer: about one hour Question: What does boiling sweet wort destroy? Answer: enzymes Question: What affect do hops have in brewing when they brew for a long time? Answer: bitterness Question: Where is the sparge collected from wort put into? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When does water in the sugar evaporate? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During what process is the remaining sugar destroyed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During what stage can starch sources be added at more than one point? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What increases the longer the starches are boiled? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Michael Lynche was the lowest vote getter at top nine and was given the Judges' Save. The next week Katie Stevens and Andrew Garcia were eliminated. That week, Adam Lambert was invited back to be a mentor, the first Idol alum to do so. Idol Gives Back returned this season on April 21, 2010, and raised $45 million. Question: Which contestant was saved by the judges in season nine of American Idol? Answer: Michael Lynche Question: At what point did the judges use their save on American Idols ninth season? Answer: top nine Question: Who was the first American Idol contestant to return to the show as a mentor? Answer: Adam Lambert Question: How much money was brought in by the Idol Gives Back special on season nine of American Idol? Answer: $45 million Question: Who was saved with the Judges' Save? Answer: Michael Lynche Question: Which former contestant was a mentor this season? Answer: Adam Lambert
Context: (デジモン Dejimon, branded as Digimon: Digital Monsters, stylized as DIGIMON), short for "Digital Monsters" (デジタルモンスター Dejitaru Monsutā), is a Japanese media franchise encompassing virtual pet toys, anime, manga, video games, films and a trading card game. The franchise focuses on Digimon creatures, which are monsters living in a "Digital World", a parallel universe that originated from Earth's various communication networks. In many incarnations, Digimon are raised by humans called "Digidestined" or "Tamers", and they team up to defeat evil Digimon and human villains who are trying to destroy the fabric of the Digital world. Question: What does Digimon stand for? Answer: Digital Monsters Question: What forms of entertainment does the Digimon franchise include? Answer: virtual pet toys, anime, manga, video games, films and a trading card game Question: What is the Digital World in which the Digimon creatures live? Answer: a parallel universe that originated from Earth's various communication networks Question: What are the people who raise Digimon called? Answer: "Digidestined" or "Tamers" Question: What are the Digimon villians main goals? Answer: trying to destroy the fabric of the Digital world Question: What does Digi Monster stand for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term refers to the Chinese media franchise? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What you Digi tamers do? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are digidestined trying to destroy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a world far from Earth? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Darwin discusses morphology, including the importance of homologous structures. He says, "What can be more curious than that the hand of a man, formed for grasping, that of a mole for digging, the leg of the horse, the paddle of the porpoise, and the wing of the bat, should all be constructed on the same pattern, and should include the same bones, in the same relative positions?" He notes that animals of the same class often have extremely similar embryos. Darwin discusses rudimentary organs, such as the wings of flightless birds and the rudiments of pelvis and leg bones found in some snakes. He remarks that some rudimentary organs, such as teeth in baleen whales, are found only in embryonic stages. Question: What theory does Darwin discuss that is related to the importance of homologous structures? Answer: morphology Question: What are some examples that Darwin gives of species whose basic form of limbs is similar, but who have vastly different uses for them? Answer: the hand of a man, formed for grasping, that of a mole for digging, the leg of the horse, the paddle of the porpoise, and the wing of the bat Question: What does Darwin note about the embryos of many different species in the same class? Answer: animals of the same class often have extremely similar embryos Question: What are some examples of rudimentary organs that Darwin discusses in the chapter? Answer: e wings of flightless birds and the rudiments of pelvis and leg bones found in some snakes
Context: Flexible or so-called "unbreakable" records made of unusual materials were introduced by a number of manufacturers at various times during the 78 rpm era. In the UK, Nicole records, made of celluloid or a similar substance coated onto a cardboard core disc, were produced for a few years beginning in 1904, but they suffered from an exceptionally high level of surface noise. In the United States, Columbia Records introduced flexible, fiber-cored "Marconi Velvet Tone Record" pressings in 1907, but the advantages and longevity of their relatively noiseless surfaces depended on the scrupulous use of special gold-plated Marconi Needles and the product was not a success. Thin, flexible plastic records such as the German Phonycord and the British Filmophone and Goodson records appeared around 1930 but also did not last long. The contemporary French Pathé Cellodiscs, made of a very thin black plastic, which uncannily resembles the vinyl "sound sheet" magazine inserts of the 1965–1985 era, were similarly short-lived. In the US, Hit of the Week records, made of a patented translucent plastic called Durium coated on a heavy brown paper base, were introduced in early 1930. A new issue came out every week and they were sold at newsstands like a weekly magazine. Although inexpensive and commercially successful at first, they soon fell victim to the Great Depression and production in the US ended in 1932. Related Durium records continued to be made somewhat later in the UK and elsewhere, and as remarkably late as 1950 in Italy, where the name "Durium" survived far into the LP era as a trademark on ordinary vinyl records. Despite all these attempts at innovation, shellac compounds continued to be used for the overwhelming majority of commercial 78 rpm records during the lifetime of the format. Question: What was a major downfall of the success of Durium records? Answer: Great Depression Question: What year were Durium records no longer released in the US? Answer: 1932 Question: What are most 78 rpm records made of? Answer: shellac compounds Question: What was a common problem found in early flexible records? Answer: surface noise Question: What was the thin translucent plastic most successfully used to make discs called? Answer: Durium
Context: He attained a perfect score on the graduate school entrance exams to Princeton University in mathematics and physics—an unprecedented feat—but did rather poorly on the history and English portions. Attendees at Feynman's first seminar included Albert Einstein, Wolfgang Pauli, and John von Neumann. He received a PhD from Princeton in 1942; his thesis advisor was John Archibald Wheeler. Feynman's thesis applied the principle of stationary action to problems of quantum mechanics, inspired by a desire to quantize the Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory of electrodynamics, laying the groundwork for the "path integral" approach and Feynman diagrams, and was titled "The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics". Question: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman excel in? Answer: mathematics and physics Question: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman do poorly in? Answer: history and English Question: What score did Feyman receive on his math and physics entrance exams? Answer: perfect score Question: When did he receive his PhD? Answer: 1942 Question: What was Feynman's PhD thesis titled? Answer: The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics Question: Which two sections of the graduate exam did Feynman fail? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which one section of the graduate exam did Feynman do well in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What score did Feynman receive on his history exams? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Feynman lose his PhD? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Feynman's banned PhD thesis titled? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On 25 February 1757, Burke signed a contract with Robert Dodsley to write a "history of England from the time of Julius Caesar to the end of the reign of Queen Anne", its length being eighty quarto sheets (640 pages), nearly 400,000 words. It was to be submitted for publication by Christmas 1758. Burke completed the work to the year 1216 and stopped; it was not published until after Burke's death, being included in an 1812 collection of his works, entitled An Essay Towards an Abridgement of the English History. G. M. Young did not value Burke's history and claimed that it was "demonstrably a translation from the French". Lord Acton, on commenting on the story that Burke stopped his history because David Hume published his, said "it is ever to be regretted that the reverse did not occur". Question: When did Burke sign a contract for a history of England? Answer: 25 February 1757 Question: How many words long was Burke's history of England contracted to be? Answer: nearly 400,000 Question: How many pages long was Burke's history of England contracted to be? Answer: 640 pages Question: When was Burke's history of England published? Answer: 1812 Question: Which author's history of England being published before Burke's might have dissuaded Burke from continuing his? Answer: David Hume Question: What is the name of David Hume's history? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What critic praised the Frenchness of Burke's text? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Hume's history of England published? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long was the book Robert Dodsley wrote? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many words was Lord Acton's commentary? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States. American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism. In "Federalist No. 46," James Madison asserted that the states and national government "are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people, constituted with different powers." Alexander Hamilton, writing in "Federalist No. 28," suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit: "If their [the peoples'] rights are invaded by either, they can make use of the other as the instrument of redress." (1) Question: What is federalism in the United States? Answer: ederalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States Question: How has the American government evolved? Answer: American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism. Question: What happened in Federalist No.46? Answer: James Madison asserted that the states and national government Question: What happened in Federalist No. 28 Answer: "Federalist No. 28," suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit Question: What is federalism out the United States? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How has the American government devolved? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened in Federalist No.64? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What never happened in Federalist No.46? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened in Federalist No. 82 Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In January, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and captured Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul. After being driven out of Malaya, Allied forces in Singapore attempted to resist the Japanese during the Battle of Singapore but surrendered to the Japanese on 15 February 1942; about 130,000 Indian, British, Australian and Dutch personnel became prisoners of war. The pace of conquest was rapid: Bali and Timor also fell in February. The rapid collapse of Allied resistance had left the "ABDA area" split in two. Wavell resigned from ABDACOM on 25 February, handing control of the ABDA Area to local commanders and returning to the post of Commander-in-Chief, India. Question: What islands did Japan invade? Answer: Solomon Islands Question: When did Allied forces surrender Singapore to the Japanese? Answer: 15 February 1942 Question: How many Allied prisoners did Japan take after the Battle of Singapore? Answer: about 130,000 Question: When did General Wavell resign as commander of the Allied forces of Southeastern Asia? Answer: 25 February Question: After Wavell resigned from ABDACOM, What post did he return to? Answer: Commander-in-Chief, India
Context: Preschools provide education from ages approximately three to seven, depending on the country, when children enter primary education. These are also known as nursery schools and as kindergarten, except in the US, where kindergarten is a term used for primary education.[citation needed] Kindergarten "provide[s] a child-centered, preschool curriculum for three- to seven-year-old children that aim[s] at unfolding the child's physical, intellectual, and moral nature with balanced emphasis on each of them." Question: Whats the typical age range for pre-school? Answer: three to seven Question: What are pre-schools also known as? Answer: nursery schools and as kindergarten, Question: In what country is Kindergarten a term used for primary education? Answer: US Question: Whats the atypical age range for pre-school? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are pre-schools not known as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what country is kindergarten not a term used for primary education? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What ages are not included in Kindergarten? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What facets are not included in education? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: By 1 October 1950, the UN Command repelled the KPA northwards past the 38th parallel; the ROK Army crossed after them, into North Korea. MacArthur made a statement demanding the KPA's unconditional surrender. Six days later, on 7 October, with UN authorization, the UN Command forces followed the ROK forces northwards. The X Corps landed at Wonsan (in southeastern North Korea) and Riwon (in northeastern North Korea), already captured by ROK forces. The Eighth U.S. Army and the ROK Army drove up western Korea and captured Pyongyang city, the North Korean capital, on 19 October 1950. The 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team ("Rakkasans") made their first of two combat jumps during the Korean War on 20 October 1950 at Sunchon and Sukchon. The missions of the 187th were to cut the road north going to China, preventing North Korean leaders from escaping from Pyongyang; and to rescue American prisoners of war. At month's end, UN forces held 135,000 KPA prisoners of war. As they neared the Sino-Korean border, the UN forces in the west were divided from those in the east by 50–100 miles of mountainous terrain. Question: Who issued a statement calling for North Korea's unconditional surrender? Answer: MacArthur Question: Who authorized giving troops the ability to follow the North Korean forces north? Answer: the UN Question: How did the 187 Airborne Regimental Combat Team prevent North Korean leaders from fleeing? Answer: cut the road north going to China Question: How many North Korean prisoners of war were held by UN forces? Answer: 135,000
Context: The North American Environmental Atlas, produced by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation, a NAFTA agency composed of the geographical agencies of the Mexican, American, and Canadian governments uses the "Great Plains" as an ecoregion synonymous with predominant prairies and grasslands rather than as physiographic region defined by topography. The Great Plains ecoregion includes five sub-regions: Temperate Prairies, West-Central Semi-Arid Prairies, South-Central Semi-Arid Prairies, Texas Louisiana Coastal Plains, and Tamaulipus-Texas Semi-Arid Plain, which overlap or expand upon other Great Plains designations. Question: who is the North American Environmental Atlas made by? Answer: Commission for Environmental Cooperation Question: what countries is the Commission for Environmental Cooperation made up of? Answer: Mexican, American, and Canadian governments Question: What states comprise the Temperate Prairies of the Great Plains? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What states are in the West-Central Semi-Arid Praries? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which states are in the South-Central Semi-Arid Prairies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Between the Canadian, American, and Mexican portions of the Great Plains in which area does most of it lie? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The 1960s were less successful for the club, with Real Madrid monopolising La Liga. The completion of the Camp Nou, finished in 1957, meant the club had little money to spend on new players. The 1960s saw the emergence of Josep Maria Fusté and Carles Rexach, and the club won the Copa del Generalísimo in 1963 and the Fairs Cup in 1966. Barcelona restored some pride by beating Real Madrid 1–0 in the 1968 Copa del Generalísimo final at the Bernabéu in front of Franco, with coach Salvador Artigas, a former republican pilot in the civil war. With the end of Franco's dictatorship in 1974, the club changed its official name back to Futbol Club Barcelona and reverted the crest to its original design, including the original letters once again. Question: What team was dominate in the 1960s in La Liga? Answer: Real Madrid Question: Due to the emergence of Fuste and Rexach, what competition did Barcelona win in 1963? Answer: Copa del Generalísimo Question: What competition did Barcelona win in 1966? Answer: Fairs Cup Question: Who was present when Barcelona beat Real Madrid in 1968? Answer: Franco Question: With Franco's dictatorship over, to what did Barcelona change their name ? Answer: Futbol Club Barcelona
Context: Secular Gothic architecture can also be found in a number of public buildings such as town halls, universities, markets or hospitals. The Gdańsk, Wrocław and Stralsund town halls are remarkable examples of northern Brick Gothic built in the late 14th centuries. The Belfry of Bruges or Brussels Town Hall, built during the 15th century, are associated to the increasing wealth and power of the bourgeoisie in the late Middle Ages; by the 15th century, the traders of the trade cities of Burgundy had acquired such wealth and influence that they could afford to express their power by funding lavishly decorated buildings of vast proportions. This kind of expressions of secular and economic power are also found in other late mediaeval commercial cities, including the Llotja de la Seda of Valencia, Spain, a purpose built silk exchange dating from the 15th century, in the partial remains of Westminster Hall in the Houses of Parliament in London, or the Palazzo Pubblico in Siena, Italy, a 13th-century town hall built to host the offices of the then prosperous republic of Siena. Other Italian cities such as Florence (Palazzo Vecchio), Mantua or Venice also host remarkable examples of secular public architecture. Question: What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 14th century? Answer: Stralsund town halls Question: When was Brussels Town Hall built? Answer: built during the 15th century Question: What is the name of the secular building in Spain which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange? Answer: the Llotja de la Seda of Valencia Question: What is the name of the 13th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena? Answer: the Palazzo Pubblico Question: Impressive public secular architecture can also be found in what other Italian city? Answer: Florence Question: What is an example of secular Northern Brick Gothic architecture from the 12th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was Brussels Town Hall hidden? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name of the secular building in space which was constructed for the purpose of silk exchange? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name of the 18th-century town hall constructed to host the offices of the republic of Siena? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the only Italian city with public secular architecture? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: No Islamic visual images or depictions of God are meant to exist because it is believed that such artistic depictions may lead to idolatry. Moreover, Muslims believe that God is incorporeal, making any two- or three- dimensional depictions impossible. Instead, Muslims describe God by the names and attributes that, according to Islam, he revealed to his creation. All but one sura of the Quran begins with the phrase "In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful". Images of Mohammed are likewise prohibited. Such aniconism and iconoclasm can also be found in Jewish and some Christian theology. Question: Why is depicting God forbidden in the Islamic world? Answer: such artistic depictions may lead to idolatry Question: What do Muslims believe of the form of God? Answer: God is incorporeal Question: How many sura's in the Quran begin with "In the name of God?" Answer: All but one Question: What is the policy in the Muslim world on depicting Mohammed? Answer: prohibited Question: What other religions might one find depictions of God, or Prophets forbidden? Answer: Jewish and some Christian theology Question: Why are depictions of God discouraged in Islam? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does one of the Sura in the Quran begin with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What other religions do not have restrictions on depicting God? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What prophet is often depicted in the Muslim World? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Therefore, according to Mahayana Buddhism, the arahant has attained only nirvana, thus still being subject to delusion, while the bodhisattva not only achieves nirvana but full liberation from delusion as well. He thus attains bodhi and becomes a buddha. In Theravada Buddhism, bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning as in the early texts, that of being freed from greed, hate and delusion. Question: What has achieved nirvana and also liberation from delusion? Answer: bodhisattva Question: If bodhi is attained what do you become? Answer: a buddha Question: In theravada buddhism, bodhi and what term have the same meaning? Answer: nirvana
Context: Five major climatic regions are found in Nepal. Of these, Kathmandu Valley is in the Warm Temperate Zone (elevation ranging from 1,200–2,300 metres (3,900–7,500 ft)), where the climate is fairly temperate, atypical for the region. This zone is followed by the Cool Temperate Zone with elevation varying between 2,100–3,300 metres (6,900–10,800 ft). Under Köppen's climate classification, portions of the city with lower elevations have a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), while portions of the city with higher elevations generally have a subtropical highland climate. In the Kathmandu Valley, which is representative of its valley's climate, the average summer temperature varies from 28–30 °C (82–86 °F). The average winter temperature is 10.1 °C (50.2 °F). Question: What is the Kathmandu Valley's average temperature in winter, in degrees Fahrenheit? Answer: 50.2 Question: Along with a subtropical highland climate, what climate classification covers Kathmandu? Answer: humid subtropical climate Question: What is the Köppen abbreviation for a humid subtropical climate? Answer: Cwa Question: How many meters up is the Cool Temperate Zone? Answer: 2,100–3,300 Question: How many significant climate regions exist in Nepal? Answer: Five
Context: Together with caesium and gold (both yellow), and osmium (bluish), copper is one of only four elemental metals with a natural color other than gray or silver. Pure copper is orange-red and acquires a reddish tarnish when exposed to air. The characteristic color of copper results from the electronic transitions between the filled 3d and half-empty 4s atomic shells – the energy difference between these shells is such that it corresponds to orange light. The same mechanism accounts for the yellow color of gold and caesium. Question: How many metals have a natural color that isn't gray? Answer: four Question: What color is pure copper? Answer: orange-red Question: What does copper aquire when exposed to air? Answer: reddish tarnish Question: The energy difference between filled 3d and half-empty 4s atomic shells corresponds to what color of light? Answer: orange light Question: What color is the metal caesium? Answer: yellow Question: How many grains of sand have a natural color that isn't gray? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What color is fake copper? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does copper glow when exposed to air? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What color is the planet caesium? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: When there is a potential difference across the conductors (e.g., when a capacitor is attached across a battery), an electric field develops across the dielectric, causing positive charge +Q to collect on one plate and negative charge −Q to collect on the other plate. If a battery has been attached to a capacitor for a sufficient amount of time, no current can flow through the capacitor. However, if a time-varying voltage is applied across the leads of the capacitor, a displacement current can flow. Question: When does an electric field develop across the dielectric? Answer: When there is a potential difference across the conductors Question: Under what condition can a displacement current flow in a capacitor? Answer: if a time-varying voltage is applied across the leads Question: What is an example of when there exists a potential difference across the conductors? Answer: when a capacitor is attached across a battery Question: What happens to the current when a battery has been attached to a capacitor for an adequate amount of time? Answer: no current can flow through the capacitor Question: How do charges accumulate on each plate of a capacitor after an electric field has developed across the dielectric? Answer: positive charge +Q to collect on one plate and negative charge −Q to collect on the other Question: When does an electric field not develop across the dielectric? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Under what condition does a displacement current never flow in a capacitor? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is an example of when there exists a similarity across the conductors? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How do charges stop accumulating on each plate of a capacitor after an electric field has developed across the dielectric? Answer: Unanswerable Question: hat happens to the current when a battery has been attached to a capacitor for an inadequate amount of time? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Chinese generals and officials such as Zuo Zongtang led the suppression of rebellions and stood behind the Manchus. When the Tongzhi Emperor came to the throne at the age of five in 1861, these officials rallied around him in what was called the Tongzhi Restoration. Their aim was to adopt western military technology in order to preserve Confucian values. Zeng Guofan, in alliance with Prince Gong, sponsored the rise of younger officials such as Li Hongzhang, who put the dynasty back on its feet financially and instituted the Self-Strengthening Movement. The reformers then proceeded with institutional reforms, including China's first unified ministry of foreign affairs, the Zongli Yamen; allowing foreign diplomats to reside in the capital; establishment of the Imperial Maritime Customs Service; the formation of modernized armies, such as the Beiyang Army, as well as a navy; and the purchase from Europeans of armament factories. Question: Who put down the rebellions? Answer: Zuo Zongtang Question: How old was Tongzhi when he came to power? Answer: five Question: What year did Tongzhi take power? Answer: 1861 Question: What would the Chinese use to continue Confucian values? Answer: western military technology Question: What was the name of a modern Chinese Army? Answer: Beiyang Army
Context: The company originated in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) through the consolidation of The Tabulating Machine Company, the International Time Recording Company, the Computing Scale Company and the Bundy Manufacturing Company. CTR was renamed "International Business Machines" in 1924, a name which Thomas J. Watson first used for a CTR Canadian subsidiary. The initialism IBM followed. Securities analysts nicknamed the company Big Blue for its size and common use of the color in products, packaging and its logo. Question: In what year did the company that was to become IBM form? Answer: 1911 Question: What was the name of the company that eventually became IBM? Answer: Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) Question: In what year did IBM get its name? Answer: 1924 Question: What nickname was given to IBM? Answer: Big Blue Question: What is one parent company of the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company? Answer: Computing Scale Company Question: What was the original name of the Bundy Manufacturing Company? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the Bundy Manufacturing Company created? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the nickname that was used for the Bundy Manufacturing Company? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who first used the name Bundy Manufacturing Company? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why did Thomas J. Watson first use the name Bundy Maufacturing Company? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Japanese defenders recognized the possibility of a renewed invasion, and began construction of a great stone barrier around Hakata Bay in 1276. Completed in 1277, this wall stretched for 20 kilometers around the border of the bay. This would later serve as a strong defensive point against the Mongols. The Mongols attempted to settle matters in a diplomatic way from 1275 to 1279, but every envoy sent to Japan was executed. This set the stage for one of the most famous engagements in Japanese history. Question: What was built around Hakata Bay? Answer: a great stone barrier Question: When did Japan begin building the Hakata Bay barrier? Answer: 1276 Question: When did Japan finish building the Hakata Bay barrier? Answer: 1277 Question: How long was the Hakata Bay barrier? Answer: 20 kilometers Question: What happened to diplomatic envoys the Mongols sent to Japan? Answer: executed
Context: In theory at least, all Polish noblemen were social equals. Also in theory, they were legal peers. Those who held 'real power' dignities were more privileged but these dignities were not hereditary. Those who held honorary dignities were higher in 'ritual' hierarchy but these dignities were also granted for a lifetime. Some tenancies became hereditary and went with both privilege and titles. Nobles who were not direct barons of the Crown but held land from other lords were only peers "de iure". Question: In theory how were all polish noblemen viewed? Answer: equals Question: Was was unique about the dignities? Answer: not hereditary Question: If one is high in dignities they are also high in what other form? Answer: ritual Question: Nobles held land form whom? Answer: other lords were only peers "de iure"
Context: Hunting-gathering was the common human mode of subsistence throughout the Paleolithic, but the observation of current-day hunters and gatherers does not necessarily reflect Paleolithic societies; the hunter-gatherer cultures examined today have had much contact with modern civilization and do not represent "pristine" conditions found in uncontacted peoples. Question: How do modern hunters and gathers differ from early ones? Answer: contact with modern civilization Question: What type of conditions are not present in modern societies? Answer: pristine Question: Where do you find groups that represent pristine conditions? Answer: in uncontacted peoples Question: What do modern hunter-gatherers not reflect? Answer: Paleolithic societies Question: Hunting-gathering was the uncommon human mode of subsistence throughout what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Hunter-gatherer cultures today represent what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Observation of ancient hunters and gatherers does not necessarily reflect what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Hunter-gatherer cultures examined today have almost no contact with who? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What cultures represent "pristine" conditions found in uncontacted peoples? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The dry lands of Namibia were inhabited since early times by San, Damara, and Namaqua, and since about the 14th century AD by immigrating Bantu who came with the Bantu expansion. Most of the territory became a German Imperial protectorate in 1884 and remained a German colony until the end of World War I. In 1920, the League of Nations mandated the country to South Africa, which imposed its laws and, from 1948, its apartheid policy. The port of Walvis Bay and the offshore Penguin Islands had been annexed by the Cape Colony under the British crown by 1878 and had become an integral part of the new Union of South Africa at its creation in 1910. Question: When did Bantu immigrate to Namibia? Answer: 14th century Question: When did Namibia become German Imperial protectorate? Answer: 1884 Question: When did Namibia stop being a German colony? Answer: end of World War I Question: What year did the League of Nations mandate Namibia to South Africa? Answer: 1920 Question: When did South Africa impose the apartheid policy on Namibia? Answer: 1948 Question: Where did the Bantu come from in the 14th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did World War I end? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the League of Nations formed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the League of Nations shut down? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year was the Cape Colony established? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: 1855: Georgian coast: Omar Pasha, the Turkish commander at Crimea had long wanted to land in Georgia, but the western powers vetoed it. When they relented in August most of the campaigning season was lost. In September 8000 Turks landed at Batum, but the main concentration was at Sukhum Kale. This required a 100-mile march south through a country with poor roads. The Russians planned to hold the line of the Ingur River which separates Abkhazia from Georgia proper. Omar crossed the Ingur on 7 November and then wasted a great deal of time, the Russians doing little. By 2 December he had reached the Tskhenis-dzqali, the rainy season had started, his camps were submerged in mud and there was no bread. Learning of the fall of Kars he withdrew to the Ingur. The Russians did nothing and he evacuated to Batum in February of the following year. Question: Who vetoed Omar Pasha from landing in Georgia? Answer: the western powers Question: In September of 1855, how many Turks could be found at Batum? Answer: 8000 Question: When landing at Batum, what were the Turks primary focus? Answer: Sukhum Kale Question: What river divides Abkhazia from Georgia? Answer: the Ingur River Question: What did Omar Pasha finally reach on December 2nd 1855? Answer: the Tskhenis-dzqali
Context: The inherent ambiguity of many control characters, combined with their historical usage, created problems when transferring "plain text" files between systems. The best example of this is the newline problem on various operating systems. Teletype machines required that a line of text be terminated with both "Carriage Return" (which moves the printhead to the beginning of the line) and "Line Feed" (which advances the paper one line without moving the printhead). The name "Carriage Return" comes from the fact that on a manual typewriter the carriage holding the paper moved while the position where the typebars struck the ribbon remained stationary. The entire carriage had to be pushed (returned) to the right in order to position the left margin of the paper for the next line. Question: Why were problems created when transferring files between systems? Answer: The inherent ambiguity of many control characters, combined with their historical usage Question: Teletype machines had to have two codes to termanate a line, what were they? Answer: "Carriage Return" (which moves the printhead to the beginning of the line) and "Line Feed" (which advances the paper one line without moving the printhead) Question: Where does the name "Carriage Return" come from? Answer: on a manual typewriter the carriage holding the paper moved while the position where the typebars struck the ribbon remained stationary Question: What side does the carriage have to be pushed to when starting a new line? Answer: right Question: Why were problems created when beginning a line? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Teletype machines had to have entire carriages to terminate a line, what were they? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What side does the carriage have to be pushed to without moving the printhead? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What moves the printhead to the various operating systems? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which advances the paper where the typebars strike the ribbon? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Dell traces its origins to 1984, when Michael Dell created Dell Computer Corporation, which at the time did business as PC's Limited, while a student of the University of Texas at Austin. The dorm-room headquartered company sold IBM PC-compatible computers built from stock components. Dell dropped out of school to focus full-time on his fledgling business, after getting $1,000 in expansion-capital from his family. In 1985, the company produced the first computer of its own design, the Turbo PC, which sold for $795. PC's Limited advertised its systems in national computer magazines for sale directly to consumers and custom assembled each ordered unit according to a selection of options. The company grossed more than $73 million in its first year of operation. Question: When did Michael Dell found his company? Answer: 1984 Question: How much did Dell receive as capital from his family? Answer: $1,000 Question: What school did Dell go to and later drop out of while he ran his business? Answer: University of Texas at Austin Question: What year did Dell design its own computer? Answer: 1985 Question: How much did Dell profit in its first year? Answer: $73 million Question: When did Michael Dell end his company? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much didn't Dell receive as capital from his family? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What school didn't Dell go to and later drop out of while he ran his business? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year didn't Dell design its own computer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How much did Dell lose in its first year? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A "beer engine" is a device for pumping beer, originally manually operated and typically used to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar. Question: What is a "beer engine"? Answer: a device for pumping beer Question: What is the function of a "beer engine"? Answer: to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar
Context: All children of the Polish nobility inherited their noble status from a noble mother and father. Any individual could attain ennoblement (nobilitacja) for special services to the state. A foreign noble might be naturalised as a Polish noble (Polish: "indygenat") by the Polish king (later, from 1641, only by a general sejm). Question: Children inherited polish nobility from whom? Answer: noble mother and father Question: What does an individual do to attain ennoblement? Answer: special services to the state Question: WHo could naturalize a polish noble? Answer: Polish king Question: What is another name for ennoblement? Answer: nobilitacja Question: WHat is another name for polish noble? Answer: indygenat
Context: Railway connections play a somewhat lesser role in Greece than in many other European countries, but they too have also been expanded, with new suburban/commuter rail connections, serviced by Proastiakos around Athens, towards its airport, Kiato and Chalkida; around Thessaloniki, towards the cities of Larissa and Edessa; and around Patras. A modern intercity rail connection between Athens and Thessaloniki has also been established, while an upgrade to double lines in many parts of the 2,500 km (1,600 mi) network is underway. International railway lines connect Greek cities with the rest of Europe, the Balkans and Turkey. Question: How long is the Greek railway system? Answer: 1,600 mi Question: A current railway upgrade plans to do what? Answer: double lines Question: A new modern rail connection has been made between which two cities? Answer: Athens and Thessaloniki
Context: In 1975, the band left for a world tour with each member in Zandra Rhodes-created costumes and accompanied with banks of lights and effects. They toured the US as headliners, and played in Canada for the first time. In September, after an acromonious split with Trident, the band negotiated themselves out of their Trident Studios contract and searched for new management. One of the options they considered was an offer from Led Zeppelin's manager, Peter Grant. Grant wanted them to sign with Led Zeppelin's own production company, Swan Song Records. The band found the contract unacceptable and instead contacted Elton John's manager, John Reid, who accepted the position. Question: Who created the costumes for Queen's 1975 tour? Answer: Zandra Rhodes Question: What country did Queen play in for the first time in 1975? Answer: Canada Question: Queen had a bitter split with what management company in 1975? Answer: Trident Studios Question: What manager of Led Zeppelin tried to sign Queen? Answer: Peter Grant Question: Whom did Queen eventually sign with after rejecting the Swan Song records contract? Answer: John Reid
Context: According to Sadat, it was only when the Israelis cut off the Egyptian garrison at Sharm el-Sheikh that Nasser became aware of the situation's gravity. After hearing of the attack, he rushed to army headquarters to inquire about the military situation. The simmering conflict between Nasser and Amer subsequently came to the fore, and officers present reported the pair burst into "a nonstop shouting match". The Supreme Executive Committee, set up by Nasser to oversee the conduct of the war, attributed the repeated Egyptian defeats to the Nasser–Amer rivalry and Amer's overall incompetence. According to Egyptian diplomat Ismail Fahmi, who became foreign minister during Sadat's presidency, the Israeli invasion and Egypt's consequent defeat was a result of Nasser's dismissal of all rational analysis of the situation and his undertaking of a series of irrational decisions. Question: What defeat opened Nasser's eyes to the desperation of Egypt's situation? Answer: Sharm el-Sheikh Question: What two Egyptian leaders personal conflicts played a large part in Egypt's poor showing in the war? Answer: Nasser–Amer Question: What did Nasser dismiss during the war? Answer: rational analysis
Context: Although pest insects attract the most attention, many insects are beneficial to the environment and to humans. Some insects, like wasps, bees, butterflies and ants, pollinate flowering plants. Pollination is a mutualistic relationship between plants and insects. As insects gather nectar from different plants of the same species, they also spread pollen from plants on which they have previously fed. This greatly increases plants' ability to cross-pollinate, which maintains and possibly even improves their evolutionary fitness. This ultimately affects humans since ensuring healthy crops is critical to agriculture. As well as pollination ants help with seed distribution of plants. This helps to spread the plants which increases plant diversity. This leads to an overall better environment. A serious environmental problem is the decline of populations of pollinator insects, and a number of species of insects are now cultured primarily for pollination management in order to have sufficient pollinators in the field, orchard or greenhouse at bloom time.:240–243 Another solution, as shown in Delaware, has been to raise native plants to help support native pollinators like L. vierecki. Insects also produce useful substances such as honey, wax, lacquer and silk. Honey bees have been cultured by humans for thousands of years for honey, although contracting for crop pollination is becoming more significant for beekeepers. The silkworm has greatly affected human history, as silk-driven trade established relationships between China and the rest of the world. Question: What kind of insects attract the most attention from humans? Answer: pest insects Question: Many insects are what to the environment? Answer: beneficial Question: What do bees, wasps, butterflies, and ants do to flowers? Answer: pollinate Question: What do insects gather from plants? Answer: nectar Question: What kind of environmental problem would occur without pollination? Answer: serious
Context: In higher organisms (like people), these two modes of perception combine into what Whitehead terms "symbolic reference", which links appearance with causation in a process that is so automatic that both people and animals have difficulty refraining from it. By way of illustration, Whitehead uses the example of a person's encounter with a chair. An ordinary person looks up, sees a colored shape, and immediately infers that it is a chair. However, an artist, Whitehead supposes, "might not have jumped to the notion of a chair", but instead "might have stopped at the mere contemplation of a beautiful color and a beautiful shape." This is not the normal human reaction; most people place objects in categories by habit and instinct, without even thinking about it. Moreover, animals do the same thing. Using the same example, Whitehead points out that a dog "would have acted immediately on the hypothesis of a chair and would have jumped onto it by way of using it as such." In this way symbolic reference is a fusion of pure sense perceptions on the one hand and causal relations on the other, and that it is in fact the causal relationships that dominate the more basic mentality (as the dog illustrates), while it is the sense perceptions which indicate a higher grade mentality (as the artist illustrates). Question: What is Whitehead's term for the two modes of perceptions combining? Answer: symbolic reference Question: What does symbolic reference link appearance with? Answer: causation Question: What dominates more basic mentality in symbolic reference? Answer: causal relationships Question: What does having sense perceptions conclude about a person? Answer: higher grade mentality Question: What is the purpose of symbolic reference? Answer: links appearance with causation in a process that is so automatic that both people and animals have difficulty refraining from it Question: How does Whitehead describe the process of a typical person noticing a chair? Answer: An ordinary person looks up, sees a colored shape, and immediately infers that it is a chair Question: How might an artist view a chair differently than a typical person? Answer: "might have stopped at the mere contemplation of a beautiful color and a beautiful shape." Question: How does Whitehead say a dog may interpret the presence of a chair? Answer: "would have acted immediately on the hypothesis of a chair and would have jumped onto it by way of using it as such." Question: Which concept does Whitehead state is more dominant in a lower mentality? Answer: causal relationships Question: How does Whitehead describe the process of an atypical person noticing a chair? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How might an artist view a chair the same as a typical person? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How does Whitehead say a dog may not interpret the presence of a chair? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which concept does Whitehead state is less dominant in a lower mentality? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Swaziland's currency is pegged to the South African Rand, subsuming Swaziland's monetary policy to South Africa. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union, which may equal as much as 70% of government revenue this year, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. Swaziland is not poor enough to merit an IMF program; however, the country is struggling to reduce the size of the civil service and control costs at public enterprises. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign direct investment. Question: What currency is Swaziland bound to? Answer: South African Rand Question: Which nation does Swazi defer to when it comes to monetary policy? Answer: South Africa Question: Duties from customs represent what amount of Swaziland government revenue? Answer: as much as 70% Question: From where does Swaziland get customs revenue? Answer: Southern African Customs Union Question: What is the currency in Swaziland and South Africa? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What country defers to Swaziland when it comes to monetary policy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of SACU income is from customs duties? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who does Swaziland pay duties to? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the early 1980s, Philips produced a LaserDisc player model adapted for a computer interface, dubbed "professional". In 1985, Jasmine Multimedia created LaserDisc Juke Boxes featuring music videos from Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper. When connected to a PC this combination could be used to display images or information for educational or archival purposes, for example thousands of scanned medieval manuscripts. This strange device could be considered a very early equivalent of a CD-ROM. Question: In what decade did Philips produce a "professional" LD model for computer? Answer: early 1980s Question: In what year were LD jukeboxes created? Answer: 1985 Question: Who created LD Jukeboxes in 1985? Answer: Jasmine Multimedia Question: Which musical artists were featured on LD Jukeboxes in 1985? Answer: Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Cyndi Lauper
Context: J. Edgar Hoover served as Director from 1924 to 1972, a combined 48 years with the BOI, DOI, and FBI. He was chiefly responsible for creating the Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, or the FBI Laboratory, which officially opened in 1932, as part of his work to professionalize investigations by the government. Hoover was substantially involved in most major cases and projects that the FBI handled during his tenure. After Hoover's death, Congress passed legislation that limited the tenure of future FBI Directors to ten years. Question: Who was Director from 1924 to 1972? Answer: J. Edgar Hoover Question: How many years was Hoover the FBI director? Answer: 48 Question: What laboratory was Hoover responsible for creating? Answer: Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory Question: What was the other name for the Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory? Answer: FBI Laboratory Question: When did the FBI laboratory open? Answer: 1932 Question: Who served as FBI director before 1924? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did the FBI laboratory officially close? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What laboratory was Hoover responsible for destroying? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the tenure limit for FBI directors before Hoover's death? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What passed legislation to set the tenure limit of CIA directors to ten years? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Critics of the Aeneid focus on a variety of issues. The tone of the poem as a whole is a particular matter of debate; some see the poem as ultimately pessimistic and politically subversive to the Augustan regime, while others view it as a celebration of the new imperial dynasty. Virgil makes use of the symbolism of the Augustan regime, and some scholars see strong associations between Augustus and Aeneas, the one as founder and the other as re-founder of Rome. A strong teleology, or drive towards a climax, has been detected in the poem. The Aeneid is full of prophecies about the future of Rome, the deeds of Augustus, his ancestors, and famous Romans, and the Carthaginian Wars; the shield of Aeneas even depicts Augustus' victory at Actium against Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII in 31 BC. A further focus of study is the character of Aeneas. As the protagonist of the poem, Aeneas seems to waver constantly between his emotions and commitment to his prophetic duty to found Rome; critics note the breakdown of Aeneas' emotional control in the last sections of the poem where the "pious" and "righteous" Aeneas mercilessly slaughters Turnus. Question: When did Augustus' victory at Actium against Mark Antony and Ceopatra VII occur? Answer: 31 BC Question: Who is the protagonist of the Aeneid? Answer: Aeneas Question: Who is mercilessly slaughtered by Aeneas? Answer: Turnus Question: Who is the founder of Rome which some scholars see strong associations with Aeneas? Answer: Augustus Question: When was the Aeneid published? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did Aeneas defeat Turnus? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did Augustus live? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did Augustus fight at Actium? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What part of the Aeneid is the longest? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Despite occasional theoretical diversity, the actual practice of translation has hardly changed since antiquity. Except for some extreme metaphrasers in the early Christian period and the Middle Ages, and adapters in various periods (especially pre-Classical Rome, and the 18th century), translators have generally shown prudent flexibility in seeking equivalents — "literal" where possible, paraphrastic where necessary — for the original meaning and other crucial "values" (e.g., style, verse form, concordance with musical accompaniment or, in films, with speech articulatory movements) as determined from context. Question: How much has translation changed since antiquity? Answer: hardly Question: What kind of diversity has the practice of translation had? Answer: theoretical Question: When were there some extreme metaphrasers? Answer: early Christian period and the Middle Ages Question: What have general been prudent about? Answer: seeking equivalents Question: For crucial values, what type of values do translators use where possible? Answer: literal Question: How much has translation stayed the same since antiquity? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of segregation has the practice of translation had? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When were there some minor metaphrasers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What have translators generally been awful at doing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of values do translators avoid where possible? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Temperatures in Israel vary widely, especially during the winter. Coastal areas, such as those of Tel Aviv and Haifa, have a typical Mediterranean climate with cool, rainy winters and long, hot summers. The area of Beersheba and the Northern Negev has a semi-arid climate with hot summers, cool winters and fewer rainy days than the Mediterranean climate. The Southern Negev and the Arava areas have desert climate with very hot and dry summers, and mild winters with few days of rain. The highest temperature in the continent of Asia (54.0 °C or 129.2 °F) was recorded in 1942 at Tirat Zvi kibbutz in the northern Jordan river valley. Question: What kind of climate does Tel Aviv have? Answer: Mediterranean Question: What kind of climate does Arava have? Answer: desert Question: What was the highest recorded temperature in Tirat Zvi? Answer: 54.0 °C
Context: The brains of all species are composed primarily of two broad classes of cells: neurons and glial cells. Glial cells (also known as glia or neuroglia) come in several types, and perform a number of critical functions, including structural support, metabolic support, insulation, and guidance of development. Neurons, however, are usually considered the most important cells in the brain. The property that makes neurons unique is their ability to send signals to specific target cells over long distances. They send these signals by means of an axon, which is a thin protoplasmic fiber that extends from the cell body and projects, usually with numerous branches, to other areas, sometimes nearby, sometimes in distant parts of the brain or body. The length of an axon can be extraordinary: for example, if a pyramidal cell, (an excitatory neuron) of the cerebral cortex were magnified so that its cell body became the size of a human body, its axon, equally magnified, would become a cable a few centimeters in diameter, extending more than a kilometer. These axons transmit signals in the form of electrochemical pulses called action potentials, which last less than a thousandth of a second and travel along the axon at speeds of 1–100 meters per second. Some neurons emit action potentials constantly, at rates of 10–100 per second, usually in irregular patterns; other neurons are quiet most of the time, but occasionally emit a burst of action potentials. Question: Brains of organisms are made up mostly of what two classes of cells? Answer: neurons and glial cells Question: Glial cells are also referred to as what? Answer: glia or neuroglia Question: Which of the two broad classes of cells: neurons and glial cells send signals to other cells? Answer: neurons Question: Axons send signals that are named what? Answer: action potentials Question: What is the typical speed that axons send their electrical signals? Answer: 1–100 meters per second
Context: Sony confirmed that there was an error and stated that they were narrowing down the issue and were continuing to work to restore service. By March 2 (UTC), 2010, owners of original PS3 models could connect to PSN successfully and the clock no longer showed December 31, 1999. Sony stated that the affected models incorrectly identified 2010 as a leap year, because of a bug in the BCD method of storing the date. However, for some users, the hardware's operating system clock (mainly updated from the internet and not associated with the internal clock) needed to be updated manually or by re-syncing it via the internet. Question: By what date did Sony correct the issue with the system clock? Answer: March 2 (UTC), 2010 Question: What were the broken models mistakenly classifying 2010 as? Answer: a leap year Question: What storage system for dates led to the system clock error? Answer: BCD Question: What clock unrelated to the error in the PS3 had to be updated in some cases in order to fix the bug? Answer: operating system clock Question: By what date did Sony correct the issue with the system disk? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were the broken models mistakenly classifying 2011 as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What storage system for dates led to the system disk error? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What clock unrelated to the error in the PS2 had to be updated in some cases in order to fix the bug? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What clock unrelated to the error in the PS3 had to be updated in some cases in order to continue the bug? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Paper made from mechanical pulp contains significant amounts of lignin, a major component in wood. In the presence of light and oxygen, lignin reacts to give yellow materials, which is why newsprint and other mechanical paper yellows with age. Paper made from bleached kraft or sulfite pulps does not contain significant amounts of lignin and is therefore better suited for books, documents and other applications where whiteness of the paper is essential. Question: What particle is associated with the yellowing of newspapers? Answer: lignin Question: A book is likely made with paper that has low amounts of what component of wood? Answer: lignin Question: What does lignin react to to produce the yellowing you see in newspapers? Answer: light and oxygen Question: What does lignin made from mechanical pulp contain significant amounts of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a major component of lignin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When lacking light and oxygen, what type of materials does lignin react to give? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does paper made from bleached kraft contain a significant amount of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does paper made from sulfite pulps contain a significant amount of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What particle is associated with the greening of newspapers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: A book is likely made with paper that has high amounts of what component of wood? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does lignin react to to produce the greening you see in newspapers? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Relatively insensitive film, with a correspondingly lower speed index, requires more exposure to light to produce the same image density as a more sensitive film, and is thus commonly termed a slow film. Highly sensitive films are correspondingly termed fast films. In both digital and film photography, the reduction of exposure corresponding to use of higher sensitivities generally leads to reduced image quality (via coarser film grain or higher image noise of other types). In short, the higher the sensitivity, the grainier the image will be. Ultimately sensitivity is limited by the quantum efficiency of the film or sensor. Question: What does the film's quantum efficiency limit? Answer: sensitivity Question: What speed of film is produced by insensitive film? Answer: slow film Question: What leads to lower quality images? Answer: reduction of exposure Question: What types of film are considered fast films? Answer: Highly sensitive films Question: What effect does highly sensitive film have on images? Answer: reduced image quality Question: What does insensitive film with a faster speed index need? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does a sensitive film more of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How is digital photography different from film? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Higher sensitivity leads to greater what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does a grainier image limit? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Enlightenment era religious commentary was a response to the preceding century of religious conflict in Europe, especially the Thirty Years' War. Theologians of the Enlightenment wanted to reform their faith to its generally non-confrontational roots and to limit the capacity for religious controversy to spill over into politics and warfare while still maintaining a true faith in God. For moderate Christians, this meant a return to simple Scripture. John Locke abandoned the corpus of theological commentary in favor of an "unprejudiced examination" of the Word of God alone. He determined the essence of Christianity to be a belief in Christ the redeemer and recommended avoiding more detailed debate. Thomas Jefferson in the Jefferson Bible went further; he dropped any passages dealing with miracles, visitations of angels, and the resurrection of Jesus after his death. He tried to extract the practical Christian moral code of the New Testament. Question: Who dropped any passages dealing with miracles or visitations of angels from his work the Jefferson Bible? Answer: Thomas Jefferson Question: The Enlightenment era religious commentary was, in part, a response to which war? Answer: Thirty Years' War Question: What did the Enlightenment mean for moderate Christians? Answer: a return to simple Scripture Question: Did John Locke want to foster or avoid increased detailed debate on the essence of Christianity? Answer: avoid
Context: On March 3, 1944, on the orders of Stalin, the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was disbanded and its population forcibly deported upon the accusations of collaboration with the invaders and separatism. The territory of the ASSR was divided between other administrative unit of Russian SFSR and the Georgian SSR. Question: What state was dissolved on March 3, 1944? Answer: the Chechen-Ingush ASSR Question: Who ordered the deportation of the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR? Answer: Stalin Question: Why were the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR deported? Answer: accusations of collaboration with the invaders and separatism Question: Along with the RSFSR, what republic received territory from the former Chechen-Ingush ASSR? Answer: Georgian SSR Question: What state was created on March 3, 1944? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who ordered the naturalization of the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why were the residents of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR not deported? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Along with the RSFSR, what republic didn't receive territory from the former Chechen-Ingush ASSR? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What state was dissolved on March 4, 1943? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Today, USD notes are made from cotton fiber paper, unlike most common paper, which is made of wood fiber. U.S. coins are produced by the United States Mint. U.S. dollar banknotes are printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and, since 1914, have been issued by the Federal Reserve. The "large-sized notes" issued before 1928 measured 7.42 inches (188 mm) by 3.125 inches (79.4 mm); small-sized notes, introduced that year, measure 6.14 inches (156 mm) by 2.61 inches (66 mm) by 0.0043 inches (0.11 mm). When the current, smaller sized U.S. currency was introduced it was referred to as Philippine-sized currency because the Philippines had previously adopted the same size for its legal currency. Question: What are dollar notes made from now adays? Answer: cotton fiber paper Question: What is most common paper made of? Answer: wood fiber Question: Since 1914, who issues the dollar banknotes? Answer: Federal Reserve Question: How long do the current notes measure? Answer: 6.14 inches Question: What size currency are the new smaller notes similar to? Answer: Philippine Question: What are Phillipine notes made from now adays? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is most common currency made of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Since 1911, who issues the dollar banknotes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long do the current reserves measure? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What size currency are the new larger notes similar to? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Swiss Parliament consists of two houses: the Council of States which has 46 representatives (two from each canton and one from each half-canton) who are elected under a system determined by each canton, and the National Council, which consists of 200 members who are elected under a system of proportional representation, depending on the population of each canton. Members of both houses serve for 4 years. When both houses are in joint session, they are known collectively as the Federal Assembly. Through referendums, citizens may challenge any law passed by parliament and through initiatives, introduce amendments to the federal constitution, thus making Switzerland a direct democracy. Question: How many members are on the National Council? Answer: 200 Question: How long do members of both houses of the Swiss Parliament serve? Answer: 4 years Question: What are both houses of the Swiss Parliament collectively known as when both are in joint session? Answer: Federal Assembly Question: What can citizens use to challenge any law passed by Parliament? Answer: referendums Question: What can citizens use to introduce amendments to the federal constitution? Answer: initiatives
Context: In southwestern Germany, territorial revision seemed to be a top priority since the border between the French and American occupation zones was set along the Autobahn Karlsruhe-Stuttgart-Ulm (today the A8). Article 118 stated "The division of the territory comprising Baden, Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern into Länder may be revised, without regard to the provisions of Article 29, by agreement between the Länder concerned. If no agreement is reached, the revision shall be effected by a federal law, which shall provide for an advisory referendum." Since no agreement was reached, a referendum was held on 9 December 1951 in four different voting districts, three of which approved the merger (South Baden refused but was overruled as the result of total votes was decisive). On 25 April 1952, the three former states merged to form Baden-Württemberg. Question: What was territorial revision considered in southeastern Germany? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What road is the border between the French and American zones? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which article did not allow the division of territory comprising Baden? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What goes into effect if an agreement under article 29 is reached? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which state did not agree, so was not included in the December 1951 referendum? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the early 1980s, a small but vocal segment of anthropologists and archaeologists attempted to demonstrate that contemporary groups usually identified as hunter-gatherers do not, in most cases, have a continuous history of hunting and gathering, and that in many cases their ancestors were agriculturalists and/or pastoralists[citation needed] who were pushed into marginal areas as a result of migrations, economic exploitation, and/or violent conflict (see, for example, the Kalahari Debate). The result of their effort has been the general acknowledgement that there has been complex interaction between hunter-gatherers and non-hunter-gatherers for millennia.[citation needed] Question: If they're not purely hunter-gatherers, then what do they have a history of being? Answer: agriculturalists Question: What caused these one-time agriculturalists to become foragers?? Answer: pushed into marginal areas Question: What kind of upset could force agriculturalists into being foragers? Answer: migrations Question: Besides economic troubles, what else could push a people into foraging? Answer: violent conflict Question: In the early 1980s, a large group of anthropologists and archaeologists attempted what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In very few cases, the ancestors of hunter-gatherers were what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: There has been simple interaction between hunter-gatherers and whom? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Ho wlong has there been simple interaction between hunter-gatherers and non-hunter-gatherers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: A small but vocal segment of architects attempted to demonstrate their knowledge of hunter-gatherers in what decade? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Americans of English descent and Americans of Scots-Irish descent began moving into northern Florida from the backwoods of Georgia and South Carolina. Though technically not allowed by the Spanish authorities, the Spanish were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers from the United States would continue to migrate into Florida unchecked. These migrants, mixing with the already present British settlers who had remained in Florida since the British period, would be the progenitors of the population known as Florida Crackers. Question: Where did English and Scotch Irish descent move to Florida from Answer: English descent and Americans of Scots-Irish descent began moving into northern Florida from the backwoods of Georgia and South Carolina Question: Backwoods settlers of Northern Florida are known as Answer: Florida Crackers Question: Were the Spanish able to police the backwoods settlements Answer: Spanish were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers Question: Where did the Spanish patrol well? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who were checked while migrating to Florida? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who were not called the Florida Crackers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What states did people not move from? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: According to Shia beliefs, those who are firmly rooted in knowledge like Muhammad and the imams know the secrets of the Quran. According to Tabatabaei, the statement "none knows its interpretation except God" remains valid, without any opposing or qualifying clause. Therefore, so far as this verse is concerned, the knowledge of the Quran's interpretation is reserved for God. But Tabatabaei uses other verses and concludes that those who are purified by God know the interpretation of the Quran to a certain extent. Question: Who do Shia Muslims believe can approach Quranic truths besides God and Muhammad? Answer: imams Question: According to Shia Muslims, who is the only one who can fully know the a Quranic interpretation? Answer: God Question: How must God have treated those who are qualified to know Quranic sectets? Answer: purified Question: Who do Shia Muslims believe can approach Quranic falsehoods besides God and Muhammad? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who do Sunni Muslims believe can approach Quranic truths besides God and Muhammad? Answer: Unanswerable Question: According to Sunni Muslims, who is the only one who can fully know the a Quranic interpretation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: According to Shia Muslims, who is the only one who can never know the a Quranic interpretation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How must God have treated those who are unqualified to know Quranic sectets? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Cardiac rehabilitation benefits many who have experienced myocardial infarction, even if there has been substantial heart damage and resultant left ventricular failure; ideally other medical conditions that could interfere with participation should be managed optimally. It should start soon after discharge from hospital. The program may include lifestyle advice, exercise, social support, as well as recommendations about driving, flying, sport participation, stress management, and sexual intercourse. Question: Cardiac rehabilitation is not an option under what circumstances? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Cardiac rehabilitation often recommends ceasing what activities? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What should start immediately upon registering at the hospital? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When are other medical conditions address? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Samoan government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline.[citation needed] Observers point to the flexibility of the labour market as a basic strength for future economic advances.[citation needed] The sector has been helped enormously by major capital investment in hotel infrastructure, political instability in neighbouring Pacific countries, and the 2005 launch of Virgin Samoa a joint-venture between the government and Virgin Australia (then Virgin Blue). Question: In which sector would the government of Samoa like to see deregulation? Answer: financial Question: The flexibility of what segment could support economic growth in Samoa? Answer: the labour market Question: What infrastructure has benefited greatly from capital investment? Answer: hotel infrastructure Question: What's the name of the team-up between Samoa and Virgin Australia? Answer: Virgin Samoa Question: Is Samoa helped or hurt by political upheaval in the countries around them? Answer: helped Question: What have neighboring Pacific countries called for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one strength of Virgin Blue and its operations? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are two things that have helped the launch of Virgin Samoa? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the Samoan government call for the financial sector to be deregulated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was launched as a joint venture between Pacific countries and capital investment? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Improved sanitation in the developing world is a global need, but a neglected priority as shown by the data collected by the Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP) of UNICEF and WHO. This program is tasked to monitor progress towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) relating to drinking water and sanitation. About one billion people have no sanitation facility whatsoever and continue to defecate in gutters, behind bushes or in open water bodies, with no dignity or privacy - which is called open defecation and which poses significant health risks. India is the country with the highest number of people practicing open defecation: around 600 million people. India has also become a focus country for the foundation's sanitation activities which has become evident since the "Reinvent the Toilet Fair" in Delhi, India in March 2014. Question: What is need in the developing world Answer: Improved sanitation in the developing world is a global need Question: What does data collected by unicef and Who show Answer: Improved sanitation in the developing world is a global need, but a neglected priority as shown by the data collected Question: How many people have no sanatation facilities Answer: About one billion people have no sanitation facility whatsoever and continue to defecate in gutters, behind bushes or in open water bodies Question: What country is the worst violator Answer: India is the country with the highest number of people practicing open defecation: around 600 million people Question: India is host to what activity Answer: "Reinvent the Toilet Fair" in Delhi, India in March 2014. Question: What is needed for the WHO? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What country has been the focus of the foundation's monitoring activities? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What program monitors progress toward improved sanitation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many people are monitored under the JMP? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What fair took place that was hosted by the WHO? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Holy Cross Father John Francis O'Hara was elected vice-president in 1933 and president of Notre Dame in 1934. During his tenure at Notre Dame, he brought numerous refugee intellectuals to campus; he selected Frank H. Spearman, Jeremiah D. M. Ford, Irvin Abell, and Josephine Brownson for the Laetare Medal, instituted in 1883. O'Hara strongly believed that the Fighting Irish football team could be an effective means to "acquaint the public with the ideals that dominate" Notre Dame. He wrote, "Notre Dame football is a spiritual service because it is played for the honor and glory of God and of his Blessed Mother. When St. Paul said: 'Whether you eat or drink, or whatsoever else you do, do all for the glory of God,' he included football." Question: Which person became vice-president of Notre Dame in 1933? Answer: Father John Francis O'Hara Question: Who was the president of Notre Dame in 1934? Answer: Father John Francis O'Hara Question: Irvin Abell was given what award by Notre Dame? Answer: Laetare Medal Question: Which year was the Laetare Medal first given out at Notre Dame? Answer: 1883 Question: For whos glory did Father O'Hara believed that the Notre Dame football team played? Answer: God
Context: Beginning in the 18th century, the situation changed from more or less active persecution of religious services to a state of restricted toleration of other religions, as long as their services took place secretly in private churches. Question: When did the active persecution of religious services become more of a restricted tolerance? Answer: in the 18th century Question: Religious services for other religions were tolerated as long as they adhered to what rule? Answer: as long as their services took place secretly in private churches Question: When did persecution of religious services take place secretly in private churches? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During what period did services move to a state of tolerance? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What changed from religious services to private churches? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was actively persecuted when taking place in private churches? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was active persecution taking place? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Task Manager has been redesigned, including a new processes tab with the option to display fewer or more details of running applications and background processes, a heat map using different colors indicating the level of resource usage, network and disk counters, grouping by process type (e.g. applications, background processes and Windows processes), friendly names for processes and a new option which allows users to search the web to find information about obscure processes. Additionally, the Blue Screen of Death has been updated with a simpler and modern design with less technical information displayed. Question: What is the point of using different colors on a heat map? Answer: indicating the level of resource usage Question: What changes were made to the BSoD? Answer: a simpler and modern design with less technical information displayed Question: What are some of the process type groups Windows 8 implemented? Answer: applications, background processes and Windows processes Question: How can users find out more about obscure Windows 8 processes? Answer: search the web Question: What is the point of using same colors on a heat map? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the point of using different colors on a cool map? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What changes were made to the BSoB? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are some of the process type groups Windows 9 implemented? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How can users find out more about obscure Windows 9 processes? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Nociceptive pain may also be divided into "visceral", "deep somatic" and "superficial somatic" pain. Visceral structures are highly sensitive to stretch, ischemia and inflammation, but relatively insensitive to other stimuli that normally evoke pain in other structures, such as burning and cutting. Visceral pain is diffuse, difficult to locate and often referred to a distant, usually superficial, structure. It may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting and may be described as sickening, deep, squeezing, and dull. Deep somatic pain is initiated by stimulation of nociceptors in ligaments, tendons, bones, blood vessels, fasciae and muscles, and is dull, aching, poorly-localized pain. Examples include sprains and broken bones. Superficial pain is initiated by activation of nociceptors in the skin or other superficial tissue, and is sharp, well-defined and clearly located. Examples of injuries that produce superficial somatic pain include minor wounds and minor (first degree) burns. Question: What type of of pain is visceral a division of? Answer: Nociceptive Question: What type of structures are sensitive to being stretched but not very sensitive to burning? Answer: Visceral Question: What can visceral pain be accompanied by? Answer: nausea and vomiting Question: Which type of pain is dull, aching and hard to pin-point? Answer: Deep somatic Question: What type of pain are first degree burns classified as causing? Answer: Superficial Question: What categories is visceral pain divided into? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is deep visceral pain initiated by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are some examples of deep visceral pain? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is superficial somatic pain initiated by? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: T. Gilmartin, (Professor of History, Maynooth, 1890), writes in Church History, Vol. 1, Ch XVII: On the death of Alexander, five months after the termination of the Council of Nice, Athanasius was unanimously elected to fill the vacant see. He was most unwilling to accept the dignity, for he clearly foresaw the difficulties in which it would involve him. The clergy and people were determined to have him as their bishop, Patriarch of Alexandria, and refused to accept any excuses. He at length consented to accept a responsibility that he sought in vain to escape, and was consecrated in 326, when he was about thirty years of age. Question: In what year was Athanasius consecrated? Answer: 326 Question: How old was Athanasius when he became the Patriarch of Alexandria? Answer: about thirty years of age Question: Did Athanasius want to be the Patriarch of Alexandria? Answer: He was most unwilling to accept Question: Did the people want Athanasius as their bishop? Answer: people were determined to have him Question: How long after the Council of Nice did Saint Athanasius die? Answer: five months Question: Was Saint Athanasius willing or unwilling to fill the vacancy? Answer: unwilling Question: In what year was he consecrated? Answer: in 326 Question: How old was he when he was consecrated? Answer: thirty years of age. Question: In what year was Athanasius not consecrated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How old was Athanasius when he became the Pope of Alexandria? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Did Athanasius want to be the Saint of Alexandria? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long after the Council of Nice was Saint Athanasius born? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau. Question: About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony? Answer: 1,000 Question: What was the primary nature of Germany's interest in the Marshall Islands? Answer: economic Question: What was the primary nature of Japan's interest in the Marshall Islands? Answer: land Question: Along with the Mariana Islands, on what island were there more Japanese settlers than indigenous inhabitants? Answer: Palau
Context: The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), the French foreign intelligence service Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE) and Israel's Mossad. While the preceding agencies both collect and analyze information, some like the U.S. State Department's Bureau of Intelligence and Research are purely analytical agencies.[citation needed] Question: What is the UK's equivalent to the CIA? Answer: Secret Intelligence Service Question: What does ASIS stand for? Answer: Australian Secret Intelligence Service Question: What is the name of Israel's intelligence agency? Answer: Mossad Question: What is the acronym for French's intelligence service? Answer: DGSE Question: What is the acronym for India's Research and Analysis Wing? Answer: RAW
Context: The State of Israel is divided into six main administrative districts, known as mehozot (מחוזות; singular: mahoz) – Center, Haifa, Jerusalem, North, Southern, and Tel Aviv Districts, as well as the Judea and Samaria Area in the West Bank. All of the Judea and Samaria Area and parts of the Jerusalem and North districts are not recognized internationally as part of Israel. Districts are further divided into fifteen sub-districts known as nafot (נפות; singular: nafa), which are themselves partitioned into fifty natural regions. Question: The State of Israel is divided into how many administrative districts? Answer: six Question: What are these districts known as? Answer: mehozot Question: How many sub-districts are there? Answer: fifteen
Context: In July 1215, with the approbation of Bishop Foulques of Toulouse, Dominic ordered his followers into an institutional life. Its purpose was revolutionary in the pastoral ministry of the Catholic Church. These priests were organized and well trained in religious studies. Dominic needed a framework—a rule—to organize these components. The Rule of St. Augustine was an obvious choice for the Dominican Order, according to Dominic's successor, Jordan of Saxony, because it lent itself to the "salvation of souls through preaching". By this choice, however, the Dominican brothers designated themselves not monks, but canons-regular. They could practice ministry and common life while existing in individual poverty. Question: What framework did Dominic use in order to build his institution? Answer: Rule of St. Augustine Question: In what year did Dominic order his followers into an institutional life? Answer: 1215 Question: Who was the successor to Dominic? Answer: Jordan of Saxony Question: What did the Rule of St. Augustine believe in? Answer: the "salvation of souls through preaching" Question: What were the Dominican Brothers? Answer: canons-regular Question: What framework did Dominic not use in order to stifle his institution? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did Diego order his followers into an institutional life? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the Rule of St. Augustine not believe in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were the Dominican Brothers not? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who could not practice ministry and common life while existing in poverty? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Video data may be represented as a series of still image frames. The sequence of frames contains spatial and temporal redundancy that video compression algorithms attempt to eliminate or code in a smaller size. Similarities can be encoded by only storing differences between frames, or by using perceptual features of human vision. For example, small differences in color are more difficult to perceive than are changes in brightness. Compression algorithms can average a color across these similar areas to reduce space, in a manner similar to those used in JPEG image compression. Some of these methods are inherently lossy while others may preserve all relevant information from the original, uncompressed video. Question: What may be represented as a series of still image frames? Answer: Video data Question: What can average a color across similar areas to reduce space? Answer: Compression algorithms Question: What is hard to tell with smaller differences involved? Answer: color Question: What may be represented as a series of algorithms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can average a color across similar areas to reduce changes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is hard to tell with smaller redundancy involved? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the method in which videos can average a color similar to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is easier to perceive than changes in frames? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In southeast Europe agrarian societies first appeared in the 7th millennium BC, attested by one of the earliest farming sites of Europe, discovered in Vashtëmi, southeastern Albania and dating back to 6,500 BC. Anthropomorphic figurines have been found in the Balkans from 6000 BC, and in Central Europe by c. 5800 BC (La Hoguette). Among the earliest cultural complexes of this area are the Sesklo culture in Thessaly, which later expanded in the Balkans giving rise to Starčevo-Körös (Cris), Linearbandkeramik, and Vinča. Through a combination of cultural diffusion and migration of peoples, the Neolithic traditions spread west and northwards to reach northwestern Europe by around 4500 BC. The Vinča culture may have created the earliest system of writing, the Vinča signs, though archaeologist Shan Winn believes they most likely represented pictograms and ideograms rather than a truly developed form of writing. The Cucuteni-Trypillian culture built enormous settlements in Romania, Moldova and Ukraine from 5300 to 2300 BC. The megalithic temple complexes of Ġgantija on the Mediterranean island of Gozo (in the Maltese archipelago) and of Mnajdra (Malta) are notable for their gigantic Neolithic structures, the oldest of which date back to c. 3600 BC. The Hypogeum of Ħal-Saflieni, Paola, Malta, is a subterranean structure excavated c. 2500 BC; originally a sanctuary, it became a necropolis, the only prehistoric underground temple in the world, and showing a degree of artistry in stone sculpture unique in prehistory to the Maltese islands. After 2500 BC, the Maltese Islands were depopulated for several decades until the arrival of a new influx of Bronze Age immigrants, a culture that cremated its dead and introduced smaller megalithic structures called dolmens to Malta. In most cases there are small chambers here, with the cover made of a large slab placed on upright stones. They are claimed to belong to a population certainly different from that which built the previous megalithic temples. It is presumed the population arrived from Sicily because of the similarity of Maltese dolmens to some small constructions found in the largest island of the Mediterranean sea. Question: When did agrarian societies start to arise in Southeast Europe? Answer: 7th millennium BC Question: Where was one of earliest farming sites in Europe found? Answer: Vashtëmi, southeastern Albania Question: What type of sculptures were found in the Balkans from 6000 BC? Answer: Anthropomorphic figurines Question: What trend led to Neolithic traditions spreading to northwestern Europe by around 4500 BC? Answer: cultural diffusion and migration of peoples Question: Who possibly created the earliest system of writing? Answer: The Vinča culture Question: When did agrarian societies start to arrive in Malta? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was one of the earliest farming sites in Malta located? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of sculptures were found in the Balkans from 6,500 BC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What trend led to Neolithic traditions spreading to northwestern Europe by around 6,500 BC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who possibly created the earliest system of dolmens? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Hong Taiji died suddenly in September 1643 without a designated heir. As the Jurchens had traditionally "elected" their leader through a council of nobles, the Qing state did not have in place a clear succession system until the reign of the Kangxi Emperor. The leading contenders for power at this time were Hong Taiji's oldest son Hooge and Hong Taiji' half brother Dorgon. A compromise candidate in the person of Hong Taiji's five-year-old son, Fulin, was installed as the Shunzhi Emperor, with Dorgon as regent and de facto leader of the Manchu nation. Question: When did Hong Taiji die? Answer: September 1643 Question: Who was his heir? Answer: without a designated heir Question: Who were the likely heirs? Answer: Hong Taiji's oldest son Hooge and Hong Taiji' half brother Dorgon Question: Who became the emperor? Answer: Fulin
Context: On 18 January 2014, the interim government successfully institutionalised a more secular constitution. The president is elected to a four-year term and may serve 2 terms. The parliament may impeach the president. Under the constitution, there is a guarantee of gender equality and absolute freedom of thought. The military retains the ability to appoint the national Minister of Defence for the next 8 years. Under the constitution, political parties may not be based on "religion, race, gender or geography". Question: When was new constitution institutionalised? Answer: 18 January 2014 Question: How long are presidential terms? Answer: four-year term Question: How many terms may a president serve? Answer: 2 terms Question: Who may impeach the president? Answer: parliament Question: what may not be basis for political party? Answer: religion, race, gender or geography
Context: The main mineral resource known on the continent is coal. It was first recorded near the Beardmore Glacier by Frank Wild on the Nimrod Expedition, and now low-grade coal is known across many parts of the Transantarctic Mountains. The Prince Charles Mountains contain significant deposits of iron ore. The most valuable resources of Antarctica lie offshore, namely the oil and natural gas fields found in the Ross Sea in 1973. Exploitation of all mineral resources is banned until 2048 by the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty. Question: What is the main mineral found on Antarctica? Answer: coal Question: Where was coal first found on Antarctica? Answer: Beardmore Glacier Question: What expedition discovered coal on Antarctica? Answer: Nimrod Expedition Question: Where is iron ore found on Antarctica? Answer: Prince Charles Mountains Question: Where are oil and gas deposits located near Antarctica? Answer: Ross Sea Question: What is the rarest mineral resource on the continent? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who first discovered coal in the Southern Hemisphere? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What ore was found near the Beardmore Glacier? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What valuable resources did the Nimrod Expodition find in the Ross Sea? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type od resources can only be explored until 2048? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the main mineral resource of the Prince Charles Glacier? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Frank Beardmore first record during the Nimrod Expedition? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What significant deposits are found in the Transantarctic Mountains? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was found in the Ross Sea in 1937? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is banned until 2084? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Beyoncé names Michael Jackson as her major musical influence. Aged five, Beyoncé attended her first ever concert where Jackson performed and she claims to have realised her purpose. When she presented him with a tribute award at the World Music Awards in 2006, Beyoncé said, "if it wasn't for Michael Jackson, I would never ever have performed." She admires Diana Ross as an "all-around entertainer" and Whitney Houston, who she said "inspired me to get up there and do what she did." She credits Mariah Carey's singing and her song "Vision of Love" as influencing her to begin practicing vocal runs as a child. Her other musical influences include Aaliyah, Prince, Lauryn Hill, Sade Adu, Donna Summer, Mary J. Blige, Janet Jackson, Anita Baker and Rachelle Ferrell. Question: To whom did Beyonce credit as her major influence on her music? Answer: Michael Jackson Question: How old was Beyonce when she went to her first Michael Jackson concert as a kid? Answer: five Question: Beyonce gave a tribute award to who in 2006? Answer: Michael Jackson Question: Beyonce cites Mariah Carey to making her want to start doing what? Answer: vocal runs Question: Who influenced Beyonce? Answer: Michael Jackson Question: What song by Mariah Carey influenced her? Answer: Vision of Love Question: Who is Beyoncé's biggest musical influence? Answer: Michael Jackson Question: What was Beyoncé's first concert? Answer: Michael Jackson Question: Who does Beyoncé feel is an all-around entertainer? Answer: Diana Ross Question: Who does she credit for the inspiration to "get up there and do what she did"? Answer: Whitney Houston Question: What song caused Beyoncé to practice runs as a child? Answer: Vision of Love
Context: Annual precipitation is 40 inches (1,020 mm) which is fairly spread throughout the year. Owing to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location in South Jersey, Atlantic City receives less snow than a good portion of the rest of New Jersey. Even at the airport, where low temperatures are often much lower than along the coast, snow averages only 16.5 inches (41.9 cm) each winter. It is very common for rain to fall in Atlantic City while the northern and western parts of the state are receiving snow. Question: How many inches of precipitation does Atlantic City receive annually? Answer: 40 inches Question: What is the average number of inches of snow received at the airport annually? Answer: 16.5 inches Question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its location in South Jersey and its proximaty to which body of water? Answer: Atlantic Ocean Question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location where? Answer: South Jersey Question: Atlantic City is different from the northern and western parts of the state in the winter due to its tendency to receive which type of precipitation? Answer: rain
Context: The Solís Theatre is Uruguay's oldest theatre. It was built in 1856 and is currently owned by the government of Montevideo. In 1998, the government of Montevideo started a major reconstruction of the theatre, which included two US$110,000 columns designed by Philippe Starck. The reconstruction was completed in 2004, and the theatre reopened in August of that year. The plaza is also the site of the offices of the President of Uruguay (both the Estévez Palace and the Executive Tower). The Artigas Mausoleum is located at the centre of the plaza. Statues include that of José Gervasio Artigas, hero of Uruguay's independence movement; an honour guard keeps vigil at the Mausoleum. Question: What is Uruguay's oldest theater? Answer: The Solís Theatre Question: When was The Solis Theater built? Answer: 1856 Question: Who owns The Solis Theater? Answer: the government of Montevideo Question: What year did the government of Montevideo start a major reconstruction of the Solis Theater? Answer: 1998 Question: What year was the reconstruction of the solis theater completed? Answer: 2004
Context: Madonna has received acclaim as a role model for businesswomen in her industry, "achieving the kind of financial control that women had long fought for within the industry", and generating over $1.2 billion in sales within the first decade of her career. Professor Colin Barrow from Cranfield School of Management described Madonna as "America's smartest businesswoman ... who has moved to the top of her industry and stayed there by constantly reinventing herself." London Business School academics called her a "dynamic entrepreneur" worth copying; they identified her vision of success, her understanding of the music industry, her ability to recognize her own performance limits (and thus bring in help), her willingness to work hard and her ability to adapt as the keys to her commercial success. Morton wrote that "Madonna is opportunistic, manipulative, and ruthless—somebody who won't stop until she gets what she wants—and that's something you can get at the expense of maybe losing your close ones. But that hardly mattered to her." Hazel Blackmore and Rafael Fernández de Castro in the book ¿Qué es Estados Unidos? from the Fondo de Cultura Económica, noted: "Madonna has been undoubtedly the most important woman in the history of popular music and a great businesswoman in herself; creating fashion, breaking taboos and provoking controversies." Question: Who is an acclaim role model business woman? Answer: Madonna Question: Madonna generated how much in sales in the first 10 years of her career? Answer: $1.2 billion in Question: Who called Madonna a dynamic entrepreneur? Answer: London Business School academics Question: Who wrote that Madonna is opportunistic, manipulative and ruthless? Answer: Morton
Context: Mill's empiricism thus held that knowledge of any kind is not from direct experience but an inductive inference from direct experience. The problems other philosophers have had with Mill's position center around the following issues: Firstly, Mill's formulation encounters difficulty when it describes what direct experience is by differentiating only between actual and possible sensations. This misses some key discussion concerning conditions under which such "groups of permanent possibilities of sensation" might exist in the first place. Berkeley put God in that gap; the phenomenalists, including Mill, essentially left the question unanswered. In the end, lacking an acknowledgement of an aspect of "reality" that goes beyond mere "possibilities of sensation", such a position leads to a version of subjective idealism. Questions of how floor beams continue to support a floor while unobserved, how trees continue to grow while unobserved and untouched by human hands, etc., remain unanswered, and perhaps unanswerable in these terms. Secondly, Mill's formulation leaves open the unsettling possibility that the "gap-filling entities are purely possibilities and not actualities at all". Thirdly, Mill's position, by calling mathematics merely another species of inductive inference, misapprehends mathematics. It fails to fully consider the structure and method of mathematical science, the products of which are arrived at through an internally consistent deductive set of procedures which do not, either today or at the time Mill wrote, fall under the agreed meaning of induction. Question: What did Mill say knowledge comes from? Answer: an inductive inference from direct experience Question: What sensations did Mill differentiate? Answer: actual and possible sensations Question: When Mill left a question of sensations unanswered, how did Berkeley answer it? Answer: God Question: What did Mill say might not actually exist? Answer: gap-filling entities Question: What did Mill misrepresent about math? Answer: the structure and method of mathematical science, the products of which are arrived at through an internally consistent deductive set of procedures Question: What did Mill put in the gap? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do indirect experiences produce? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who disagreed that "gap-filling entities are purely possibilities and not actualities at all"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: what did Mill realize about mathematics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does subjective idealism lead to? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Perhaps due to the many modern negative connotations associated with the term heretic, such as the Spanish inquisition, the term is used less often today. The subject of Christian heresy opens up broader questions as to who has a monopoly on spiritual truth, as explored by Jorge Luis Borges in the short story "The Theologians" within the compilation Labyrinths. Question: What event is stated as a reason why the word heretic is used less often in modern times? Answer: Spanish inquisition Question: Who was the author of the short story "The Theologians"? Answer: Jorge Luis Borges Question: What subject does the question of who has a monopoly on spiritual truth regard? Answer: Christian heresy Question: What event has made the word heresy common? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do Christian heretics question? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wrote about heresey in the Christian church? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What word has many modern meanings? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The third Digimon series, which began airing on April 1, 2001, is set largely in a "real world" where the Adventure and Adventure 02 series are television shows, and where Digimon game merchandise (based on actual items) become key to providing power boosts to real Digimon which appear in that world. The plot revolves around three Tamers, Takato Matsuki, Rika Nonaka, and Henry Wong. It began with Takato creating his own Digimon partner by sliding a mysterious blue card through his card reader, which then became a D-Power. Guilmon takes form from Takato's sketchings of a new Digimon. (Tamers’ only human connection to the Adventure series is Ryo Akiyama, a character featured in some of the Digimon video games and who made an appearance in some occasions of the Adventure story-line.) Some of the changes in this series include the way the Digimon digivolve with the introduction of Biomerge-Digivolution and the way their "Digivices" work. In this series, the Tamers can slide game cards through their "Digivices" and give their Digimon partners certain advantages, as in the card game. This act is called "Digi-Modify" (Card Slash in the Japanese version). The same process was often used to Digivolve the Digimon, but as usual, emotions play a big part in the digivolving process. Unlike the two seasons before it and most of the seasons that followed, Digimon Tamers takes a darker and more realistic approach to its story featuring Digimon who do not reincarnate after their deaths and more complex character development in the original Japanese. The anime has become controversial over the decade, with debates about how appropriate this show actually is for its "target" audience, especially due to the Lovecraftian nature of the last arc. The English dub is more lighthearted dialogue-wise, though still not as much as previous series. Question: When did the third Digimon series begin? Answer: April 1, 2001 Question: What can tamers do in order to give their partners advantages? Answer: slide game cards through their "Digivices Question: What is the act called of giving partners advantages in Digimon? Answer: Digi-Modify Question: Which series beginning April 2000? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is not needed to provide power boost to Digimon Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why is the card game controversial? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Howdy Henry create his own Digimon partner? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Rika sketch? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Mohinga is the traditional breakfast dish and is Myanmar's national dish. Seafood is a common ingredient in coastal cities such as Sittwe, Kyaukpyu, Mawlamyaing (formerly Moulmein), Mergui (Myeik) and Dawei, while meat and poultry are more commonly used in landlocked cities like Mandalay. Freshwater fish and shrimp have been incorporated into inland cooking as a primary source of protein and are used in a variety of ways, fresh, salted whole or filleted, salted and dried, made into a salty paste, or fermented sour and pressed. Question: What is the time-honored dish served for the morning meal in Burma ? Answer: Mohinga is the traditional breakfast dish Question: What is most commonly enjoyed to eat along the coast of Myanmar ? Answer: Seafood is a common ingredient in coastal cities Question: Where is the most chicken enjoyed in Burma ? Answer: landlocked cities Question: What is considered as an alternative to tofu for the valuable ingredient it holds for those not living near water in BUrma? Answer: Freshwater fish and shrimp have been incorporated into inland cooking as a primary source of protein Question: What are popular ways that fish are used in Burma ? Answer: fresh, salted whole or filleted, salted and dried, made into a salty paste, or fermented sour and pressed.
Context: Cancer is now common in developing countries. According to a study by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, "In the developing world, cancers of the liver, stomach and esophagus were more common, often linked to consumption of carcinogenic preserved foods, such as smoked or salted food, and parasitic infections that attack organs." Lung cancer rates are rising rapidly in poorer nations because of increased use of tobacco. Developed countries "tended to have cancers linked to affluence or a 'Western lifestyle' — cancers of the colon, rectum, breast and prostate — that can be caused by obesity, lack of exercise, diet and age." Question: Which health issue is now becoming a common issue in developing countries? Answer: Cancer Question: Which organization did a study on cancer in developing countries? Answer: International Agency for Research on Cancer Question: What were cancers such as liver cancer or stomach cancer found to have a link to? Answer: consumption of carcinogenic preserved foods Question: The rise of lung cancer in poor nations can be attributed to the use of which product? Answer: tobacco Question: Obesity, lack of exercise, age and diet are risk factors attributed to cancer that are all apart of what kind of lifestyle? Answer: Western
Context: The Polish nobility enjoyed many rights that were not available to the noble classes of other countries and, typically, each new monarch conceded them further privileges. Those privileges became the basis of the Golden Liberty in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Despite having a king, Poland was called the nobility's Commonwealth because the king was elected by all interested members of hereditary nobility and Poland was considered to be the property of this class, not of the king or the ruling dynasty. This state of affairs grew up in part because of the extinction of the male-line descendants of the old royal dynasty (first the Piasts, then the Jagiellons), and the selection by the nobility of the Polish king from among the dynasty's female-line descendants. Question: THe polish nobility had many positives compared to others including what? Answer: many rights Question: What was the nobilities commonwealth? Answer: Poland Question: WHo elected the king? Answer: not of the king or the ruling dynasty Question: WHy did the state affairs partly grow up on? Answer: the extinction of the male-line descendants of the old royal dynasty Question: The selection of nobility oh the polish kingdom was selected my whom? Answer: dynasty's female-line descendants.
Context: Dominic sought to establish a new kind of order, one that would bring the dedication and systematic education of the older monastic orders like the Benedictines to bear on the religious problems of the burgeoning population of cities, but with more organizational flexibility than either monastic orders or the secular clergy. Dominic's new order was to be a preaching order, trained to preach in the vernacular languages. Rather than earning their living on vast farms as the monasteries had done, the new friars would survive by begging, "selling" themselves through persuasive preaching. Question: The Dominican Order received influence from what monastic order? Answer: the Benedictines Question: What type of order was the Dominican Order? Answer: a preaching order Question: What did previous religious orders do for a living? Answer: farms Question: How did the Dominican Order earn money? Answer: by begging Question: What did Dominic not seek to do? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What order did not influence the Dominican Order? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the Dominican Order not seek to be? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did previous religious orders not do for a living? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The first President of the Bank was Wim Duisenberg, the former president of the Dutch central bank and the European Monetary Institute. While Duisenberg had been the head of the EMI (taking over from Alexandre Lamfalussy of Belgium) just before the ECB came into existence, the French government wanted Jean-Claude Trichet, former head of the French central bank, to be the ECB's first president. The French argued that since the ECB was to be located in Germany, its president should be French. This was opposed by the German, Dutch and Belgian governments who saw Duisenberg as a guarantor of a strong euro. Tensions were abated by a gentleman's agreement in which Duisenberg would stand down before the end of his mandate, to be replaced by Trichet. Question: Who was the first president of the ECB? Answer: Wim Duisenberg Question: What was Duisenberg's previous business experience? Answer: former president of the Dutch central bank and the European Monetary Institute Question: Who did the French government think was best candidate for President of the ECB? Answer: Jean-Claude Trichet Question: Why did the French want a French bank president? Answer: since the ECB was to be located in Germany, its president should be French Question: What did the French, German, Dutch and Belgian governments finally compromise on with regards to managing the ECB? Answer: Duisenberg would stand down before the end of his mandate, to be replaced by Trichet Question: Who was the first president to be lost from the ECB? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Duisenberg's criminal business experience? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did the French government think was worst candidate for President of the ECB? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why did the French want a Swiss bank president? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the French, German, Dutch and Belgian governments never compromise on with regards to managing the ECB? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On the night of December 25, 1991, at 7:32 p.m. Moscow time, after Gorbachev left the Kremlin, the Soviet flag was lowered for the last time, and the Russian tricolor was raised in its place, symbolically marking the end of the Soviet Union. The next day, December 26, 1991, the Council of Republics, the upper chamber of the Union's Supreme Soviet, issued a formal Declaration recognizing that the Soviet Union had ceased to exist as a state and subject of international law, and voted both itself and the Soviet Union out of existence (the other chamber of the Supreme Soviet, the Council of the Union, had been unable to work since December 12, 1991, when the recall of the Russian deputies left it without a quorum). The following day Yeltsin moved into Gorbachev's former office, though the Russian authorities had taken over the suite two days earlier. By December 31, 1991, the few remaining Soviet institutions that had not been taken over by Russia ceased operation, and individual republics assumed the central government's role. Question: What went down after Gorbachev departed from the Kremlin? Answer: Soviet flag Question: What replaced the Soviet flag? Answer: Russian tricolor Question: When did Gorbachev make his final Kremlin exit? Answer: December 25, 1991, at 7:32 p.m. Moscow time Question: What was declared as having ceased to exist? Answer: the Soviet Union Question: What body also stopped existing following a vote by itself to end itself? Answer: upper chamber of the Union's Supreme Soviet,
Context: The city of Rome had a place called the Campus Martius ("Field of Mars"), which was a sort of drill ground for Roman soldiers. Later, the Campus became Rome's track and field playground. In the campus, the youth assembled to play and exercise, which included jumping, wrestling, boxing and racing.[citation needed] Equestrian sports, throwing, and swimming were also preferred physical activities.[citation needed] In the countryside, pastimes included fishing and hunting.[citation needed] Board games played in Rome included dice (Tesserae or Tali), Roman Chess (Latrunculi), Roman Checkers (Calculi), Tic-tac-toe (Terni Lapilli), and Ludus duodecim scriptorum and Tabula, predecessors of backgammon. Other activities included chariot races, and musical and theatrical performances.[citation needed] Question: What was the name of the area in which youth played and exercised? Answer: Campus Martius Question: What could you also call Rome's Campus Maritus? Answer: Field of Mars Question: What is the Roman board game Tabula a precursor to? Answer: backgammon Question: What was Roman version of Chess called? Answer: Latrunculi
Context: Serological methods are highly sensitive, specific and often extremely rapid tests used to identify microorganisms. These tests are based upon the ability of an antibody to bind specifically to an antigen. The antigen, usually a protein or carbohydrate made by an infectious agent, is bound by the antibody. This binding then sets off a chain of events that can be visibly obvious in various ways, dependent upon the test. For example, "Strep throat" is often diagnosed within minutes, and is based on the appearance of antigens made by the causative agent, S. pyogenes, that is retrieved from a patients throat with a cotton swab. Serological tests, if available, are usually the preferred route of identification, however the tests are costly to develop and the reagents used in the test often require refrigeration. Some serological methods are extremely costly, although when commonly used, such as with the "strep test", they can be inexpensive. Question: What methods are highly sensitive, specifc and rapid tests used to identify microorganisms? Answer: Serological Question: What are serological tests based upon the ability of an antibody to do? Answer: bind specifically to an antigen Question: What is the antigen bound to by the antibody usually? Answer: a protein or carbohydrate made by an infectious agent Question: What does the binding set off that will result in something visibly obvious in various ways? Answer: a chain of events Question: What is the causative agent of "strep throat"? Answer: S. pyogenes Question: What methods are highly sensitive, general and slow tests used to identify microorganisms? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are serological tests based upon the ability of an antibody to avoid? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the antigen bound to by the antibody usually not part of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the binding set off that will result in something invisible in various ways? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the special agent of "strep throat"? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Matisse was also one of the first 20th-century artists to make color the central element of the painting, chosen to evoke emotions. "A certain blue penetrates your soul", he wrote. "A certain red affects your blood pressure." He also was familiar with the way that complementary colors, such as red and green, strengthened each other when they were placed next to each other. He wrote, "My choice of colors is not based on scientific theory; it is based on observation, upon feelings, upon the real nature of each experience ... I just try to find a color which corresponds to my feelings." Question: During which century did Matisse work? Answer: 20th Question: Placing red and green next to each other causes their color to be what? Answer: strengthened Question: What color did Matisse say could penetate ones soul? Answer: blue Question: What color did Matisse claim would impact ones blood pressure? Answer: red Question: What part in the paintings of Matisse did color play? Answer: the central element Question: Who was the first to make color the central element of the painting? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What theory did Matisse say his choice of colors was based on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the first 20th century artist to use color for feelings? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In tumbling, athletes perform an explosive series of flips and twists down a sprung tumbling track. Scoring is similar to trampolining. Tumbling was originally contested as one of the events in Men's Artistic Gymnastics at the 1932 Summer Olympics, and in 1955 and 1959 at the Pan American Games. From 1974 to 1998 it was included as an event for both genders at the Acrobatic Gymnastics World Championships. The event has also been contested since 1976 at the Trampoline World Championships. Since the recognition of Trampoline and Acrobatic Gymnastics as FIG disciplines in 1999, official Tumbling competitions are only allowed as an event in Trampoline gymnastics meets. Question: What do athletes perform for tumbling? Answer: an explosive series of flips and twists down a sprung tumbling track Question: When was tumbling orginally contested at the Olympics? Answer: 1932 Question: Where are offical tumbling competitions allowed? Answer: only allowed as an event in Trampoline gymnastics meets Question: What year did FIG reconginze Trampoline and Acrobatic Gymnastics? Answer: 1999 Question: What is involved in trampolining? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When were the first Pan American Games Answer: Unanswerable Question: What restriction was placed on tumbling in 1997? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did the Trampoline Championships begin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was contested as one of the events in Men's Artistic Gymnastics at the 1938 Summer Olympics? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: After a new wave of UN sanctions, on 11 March 2013, North Korea claimed that it had invalidated the 1953 armistice. On 13 March 2013, North Korea confirmed it ended the 1953 Armistice and declared North Korea "is not restrained by the North-South declaration on non-aggression". On 30 March 2013, North Korea stated that it had entered a "state of war" with South Korea and declared that "The long-standing situation of the Korean peninsula being neither at peace nor at war is finally over". Speaking on 4 April 2013, the U.S. Secretary of Defense, Chuck Hagel, informed the press that Pyongyang had "formally informed" the Pentagon that it had "ratified" the potential usage of a nuclear weapon against South Korea, Japan and the United States of America, including Guam and Hawaii. Hagel also stated that the United States would deploy the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense anti-ballistic missile system to Guam, because of a credible and realistic nuclear threat from North Korea. Question: Why is North Korea insisting that the 1953 armistice was violated? Answer: new wave of UN sanctions Question: When did North Korea call an end to the armistice? Answer: 13 March 2013 Question: In 2013, who what country did North Korea declare war on? Answer: South Korea Question: What weapon does North Korea claim it now has the ability to use? Answer: a nuclear weapon Question: How does the United States view North Korea's threats? Answer: credible and realistic nuclear threat
Context: In 2000[update], there were 94,367 workers who commuted into the municipality and 16,424 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 5.7 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. Of the working population, 50.6% used public transport to get to work, and 20.6% used a private car. Question: How many workers commute into the municipality? Answer: 94,367 Question: How many workers had to commute away from the municipality? Answer: 16,424 Question: How much of the working population uses public transportation? Answer: 50.6% Question: How many of the working population use private cars? Answer: 20.6%

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